PORTFOLIO
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE Selected works 2015 - 2018 Application number: 19104563
XU HEYILU For the Application to MLA Landscape Architecture The Bartlett, UCL
XU HEYILU Tel: +86 15196639873 E-mail: 1091237078@qq.com
Education Background 09/2014 - 06/2019
Sichuan Agricultural University, China Bachelor of Landscape Architecture
Internship Experience 07/2017 - 08/2017
Company: Sichuan Guantang Architectural Engineering Design Co., Ltd. Department: (Landscape Design) Product R&D Center Main responsibility: Follow up the company project including discussing the concept plan, drawing and participating in the company meetings
Honors and Awards 12/2017 10/2017 05/2015
Campus Urban Design Competition, Prize for Excellence Campus Flower Arranging Competition, Prize for Excellence Outstanding Volunteer of the College
On-Campus Activities 10/2014 - 06/2015
Institution: Sichuan Agricultural University Department: Organization Department of the Youth League Committee Main responsibility: Responsible for planning all kinds of volunteer activities and university-level activities, and participating in the winter volunteer teaching activities and art evening party organized by the university.
Skills Professional: Graphic: Photoshop, Illustrator, Indesign, V-Ray, Arcgis, QGIS, Globle Mapper, Hand Drawing 3D Modeling: Sketch Up, Auto CAD, Rhinoceros, Grasshopper, Lumion Making: Physical Modeling
Other: MS Office, SPSS
CONTENT 01
In Between The Water Rethink the balance framework between water and city
01
Location: Leshan, China Size: 11,524,000 square metres Category: Analysis and Planning Subject name: Landscape Planning and Design Nature of involvement: Individual work Academic year level of the studio: Spring 2018
02
The Sunken Forest Strategies of ecological restoration to cope with the transformation of resource-based cities
09
Location: Huangshi, China Size: 1,379,000 square metres Category: Analysis and Planning Subject name: Landscape Planning and Design Nature of involvement: Individual work Academic year level of the studio: Spring 2018
03
Overlapping Dopamine In The City A new landscape installation utilizing vertical space
17
Location: Chengdu, China Size: 4,761 square metres Category: General design Subject name: Landscape Architecture Design Nature of involvement: Individual work Academic year level of the studio: Spring 2017
04
Innovation In Religious Space Research on the Sustainability of Religious Space in Urbanization Location: Chengdu, China Category: Research Subject name: Landscape Planning and Design Nature of involvement: Individual work Academic year level of the studio: Autumn 2017
23
01
In Between The Water Rethink the balance framework between water and city This design reconsiders the relationship between cities and rivers from different perspectives, aiming at breaking the boundary of rigid urban functions and finding a balance between cities and rivers to achieve ecological and urban function restoration on the premise of sustainable development.
1
Minjiang River Minjiang river is an important tributary of the upper Yangtze river in China. It brings valuable resources to urban development, and at the same time, urban development always influences minjiang river. Leshan is the starting point of the lower reaches of the minjiang river. Leshan, a city surrounded by water, is also a city of agricultural and industrial civilization. Minjiang provides abundant water resources for leshan, while the development of industrial agriculture brings great pressure on the city and water. CHENGDU YIBIN
MEISHAN
LESHAN
DUJIANGYAN
Urban pollution Industry pollution Agriculture pollution Very light Light Medium Heavy The main urban area Adiministrative region
The degree of pollution
0
5KM
10KM
20KM
2
Existing Condition The site is now seriously polluted by industry and agriculture. Sewage discharged from heavy industry pollutes the river and soil. In addition, it is located in the flood prone area. Some farmland, homes and roads are often damaged by floods.
Low water level
Industrial
Medium water level
Green space
High water level
Residential Rural
Land usage
Annual rainfall climate trend distribution
Flood-prone areas
Risk areas of flood and waterlogging risk factors Bad Poor Moderate Good High
-4.2 -26.1 -37.1 -48.0 -59.0
23% Residential
23% Industrial
23% Rural
23% Green space
Bad Poor Moderate Good High
0 0.5KM 0
10
20
40KM
0
10
20
40KM
0
10
20
40KM
2KM
4KM 3
Operation Phasing This series of changes is a long-term planning process, and the new topography is conducive to land use, rain-flood management and waterfront space diversification. Morphology
Connection
Green Space
Land Usage
Earthwork
Wetland
Waterfront
Organise the messy woods
Organise the messy woods
Phase 1
Preliminary seperation of terrian
Set up the road network
Type of green spaces
Preliminary division of land types
Trim the terrian
Set up the round birdges
Classification of cultivated land
Earth excavation phase 2
Final morphology
Establish connections between wetlands
Add other green space
Standardize and add land types
Earth excavation phase 1
Phase 2
Vary with the terrian
Earth fill
Build motor vehicle lanes and sidewalks
Increase tree species
Establish the connection
Build a horizontal platform
Phase 3
4
Framework
Existing status
Master Plan
Phase 1
Farmland
Phase 2
Phase 3
Wetland
Aquaponics
Pool
Waterfront
Low water level
Industrial
Industrial
Road system
Medium water level
Green space
Green space
Round bridge
High water level
Residential
Residential
Rural
Rural
Wharf
0
1KM
2KM
4KM
Multi-layers
Water
Land
Buildings
Circulaitons 5
Important Nodes The six nodes cover fields, wetlands, riparian areas and other areas, providing people with more recreational ways while improving the ecological environment.
d an
l
rm
Fa
p ua
Aq
nt
at W
e
o rfr
cs
i on
nd
la et W
l
o Po
rf
W
ha
6
Aquaponics Through the combination of aquaculture and hydroponics cultivation, the fishvegetable symbiosis system achieves scientific and cooperative symbiosis, realizes the sustainable and circular zero-emission low-carbon production mode, and effectively solves the agricultural ecological crisis.
7
Waterfront Rain-flood management embankment sets walkways and platforms for different water levels in different periods to meet people's different needs and bring rich viewing experience.
Plant Configuration Arbors
Shrubs
Taxodium mucronatum
Bischofia
Goldenrain
Dragon juniper
Rhododendron
Pond sypress
Pterocarya
Swampsypress
Boxwood
Ligustrun lucidum
Aquatics
Loropetalum
Calamus
Pogostemon stellatus
Phragmites
Iridaceae
Gratiolae herba
Thalia
8
02
The Sunken Forest Strategies of ecological restoration to cope with the transformation of resource-based cities Based on the problem of urban mineral resource exhaustion and remaining mining pits, the project analyzed the climatic conditions to make the mining pits adapt themselves, give play to their topographic advantages while carrying out land reclamation, and improve the ecological environment on a certain basis. And make full use of mining elements, and create interesting sightseeing experience.
9
Timeline
Existing Condition After many years of mining, the pit has formed a huge pit about 400 meters deep. The exposed surface has brought about great dust pollution, and the geological instability has caused the collapse of the pit.In addition, the vegetation coverage in this area cannot be recovered naturally.
1890
Zhang zhidong set up a mining bureau in huangshi iron mountain district in 1890.
1896
In 1896, sheng xuanhuai set up the "coal and iron mine administration of hubei", and hired a British miner, guo shidun, to survey coal and iron deposits.
1923
In 1923, the lower land strike of daye iron ore miners was the first successful strike in China.
1942
The first iron mine of China's mineral resources was plundered by invading Japanese troops.
1980
In 1980, Daye iron works imported a variety of mining equipment, open pit continued to expand.
2003
After years of mining, the east open pit formed the world's first steep slope with a drop of 444 meters.
Landslide
Macadam court
Mine pits in Huangshi City
0
50 100
Debris flow
Mountain collapse
200m
Mine pit area Main road Small square
Vegetation scarce
Waste-rock yard Mine pits Site
10
Climatic Condition Analysis
Adaptive Mechanism
Anual Temperature
Operational strength C 25 20 15 10 5 0
JAN
FEB
APR
MAR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
OCT
SEP
NOV
IRRIGATION JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
DEC WATER STORAGE
Anual Humidity
*Thermodynamic wet-bulb temperature T 25 20 15 10 5
Climate change brings systems into operatio
0
JAN
FEB
APR
MAR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
OCT
SEP
NOV
DEC
Hourly Direct Normal Radiation JAN
FEB
APR
MAR
MAY
W/m2 25 10 0
JUN
JUL
AUG
OCT
SEP
NOV
DEC
Monthly Wind Roses
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
D Wh/m2 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0.00
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
F
OO
R T-P US
JUN
N
IO AT
IG IRR
L
SO
S
ICE
EV
D AR
DEC 11
Rotational Land Uses System Plant Configuration
yr1
DRAINAGE OCT
NOV
DEC
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
Pteridaceae Pseudoacacia
DUST-PROOF OCT
NOV
DEC
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
yr2
on Pteris vittata Pteridaceae Pseudoacacia Sabina vulgalis
yr3 E
AG
AIN
DR
Cyrtomium fortunei Pteris vittata Pteridaceae Pseudoacacia Sabina vulgalis Populus tomentosa
N
TIO IGA
IRR
N
TIO IGA
E
AG
IRR
R
TE WA
OR ST
yr5 Poa annua Cyrtomium fortunei Pteris vittata Pteridaceae Pseudoacacia Sabina vulgalis Populus tomentosa Cinnamomum camphora Landslide area
Stable area
Unstable area
12
Planting System yr1
yr2
yr3
yr5
yr10
orange boxes
plant saplings
plant saplings
growth
forest
plant saplings
growth
wood harvest
wood harvest
wood harvest
orange boxes
plant saplings
growth
forest
plant saplings
growth
wood harvest
wood harvest
orange boxes
forest
plant saplings
wood harvest
Stable area
Unstable area
Landslide area
drainage system
landslide
Consolidate the terrain
drainage system
By dividing the degree of land stability, planting plans were carried out for three regions separately, and seedlings were transplanted to the next region after growing in the stable region, and so on.Through continuous transplanting and rotation, the height and types of trees in each region are diversified, and the trees can be used as wood or roadside trees to obtain economic benefits.
13
Master Plan The orange boxes are distributed on both sides of the road and are connected to the planting system to distinguish the active area from the dense forest area. Inspired by the industrial traces of mining, the orange box uses the components, materials and colors of mining equipment to create a retro industrial atmosphere.
The Orange Boxes
Excavator Viewing stand
Pulley lights
Small labyrinth
Tyre seats
Resting seats
Climbing seats
Pavilion
Rock climbing
Drilling machine
Loader
Bulldozer
0
50
100
200m
Strip miner
Mine-car
14
Scenarios
01 Pit entry
02 Wooden footway
03 Facilities
1
8
6 2
04 Rest seat
06 Vegetation
5
7
4
3
05 Small caves
07 Pulley lights
08 The bottom of the pit
With the growth of years, the landscape of the active area is changing day by day, which brings people more experience of viewing and playing. In addition, the planting area creates economic benefits for the local area by constantly replenishing new saplings and removing wood. 15
Section Through Planting Fields Drainage system, sprinkler irrigation system and solar energy equipments provide an adaptive mechanism according to the climate conditions for the mine, which greatly saves human and financial resources, but also for the mine vegetation restoration achievements.
Surface course Cement mortar layer Cement paste
Plain concrete cushion Crustal base
Pebble bed Water perforated strainer Cement sand bed
Plain concrete
Water perforated strainer Cement sand bed Combined course Plain concrete cushion Plain concrete
Rammed earth Rammed earth
16
03
Overlapping Dopamine In The City A new landscape installation utilizing vertical space This design is inspired by the dopamine produced by the human body, which brings the excitement and pleasure to the human body, as the green space brings vitality to the city, and it can activate the existence of high-density urban layout. The benzene ring of dopamine is used as a framework to build a new kind of landscape that can provide people with active space as the city develops.
17
With the acceleration of urbanization, more and more supercities are emerging. People are willing to work and settle in big cities, but besides the spread of urban boundaries, what methods can gvie people more space? The site is located in the sub-cbd area of chengdu, sichuan province, China. Chengdu is a second-tier city in China, but with the current development trend, chengdu is undoubtedly a first-tier city. Therefore, the urban construction height and density in chengdu can be referred to the existing big cities.
Route of tourists
Route of office workers
Route of students
Route of residents
SITE
Density of population
CHENGDU SICHUAN
QINGYANG DISTRICT
Total population
160 Person/Square kilometre
1600 million people
140
1200
80
800 400
40 0
CHINA
SICHUAN
CHENGDU
1000 2000 3000 Person/Square kilometre
CHINA CHENGDU
0
CHINA CHENGDU
10 20 30 40 millon people
Green space
Commercial
Educational
Intermixing
Hospital
Residential
18
Height analysis
0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40 40-45 45-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80+
New York 2017
Hong Kong 2017
Chicago 2017
Shanghai 2017
Increasingly tight urban land use
(floors)
Chengdu 2017
Guidance of dopamine to city
Chengdu 2017
Chengdu 2047
Scaling OH
HO
×15
×5
Social Distance
×2
1200mm
NH2
×10
×30
dopamine
OH HO
NH2
dopamine
12
50
00 0
mm
0m 900
m
00 m
m
m 0m 450
35 00
mm
m 0m 225
19
Masterplan
Combination
Two monomers
Three monomers
0
5
10
20m
Four monomers
20
Perspective View
m 0m 225
m 0m 450
m 0m 900 21
Jointed furnitures for a monomer
Furniture Combination
22
04
Innovation In Religious Space Research on the sustainability of religious space in urbanization Based on the background of China's urbanization process, this project takes chengdu buddhist religious space as the research object, discusses the sustainability of religious space in contemporary society, and puts forward a top-down hierarchical implementation strategy, so as to put forward Suggestions for the development of religious space in the urbanization process.
23
Research on the Sustainability of Religious Space in Urbanization Abstract: Religious space refers to the special places and places with sacred nature that are legally reserved for religious activities in cities.Religious space is not only the material carrier of urban belief activities, but also the objective embodiment of urban pattern transformation.After thousands of years of development and dissemination, there are five institutional religions in China, namely Buddhism, Taoism, Catholicism, Christianity and Islam.Their respective religious space has been developing and adapting to the new social environment in the long history. In the process of religious space participating in urbanization, it also faces many challenges.The expansion of cities poses a threat to their development. The change of human spiritual needs determines that religious space can only be one type of urban public space. The change of audience also requires that religious space can better coordinate with other urban public space.As a result, religious space is not only a place for spiritual comfort, but also a complex with more complex functions. Based on the background of China's urbanization process, this project takes chengdu buddhist religious space as the research object, discusses the sustainability of religious space in contemporary society, and puts forward a top-down hierarchical implementation strategy, so as to put forward Suggestions for the development of religious space in the urbanization process.
Methodology Research Based on China's urbanization process
Select Samples 30 buddhist temples within the second ring expressway of chengdu
Analyze
Conclusion
Strategy
Plane layout
Aesthetic quality
(1)Planning level
Transportation
Material conditions
(2)Management level
Neighbourhood
Social functions
(3)Implementation level
Other facts 7 representative temples
Space and vision Evaluation of public space
24
The problem that religious space appears in urbanization process
2005 1994
Sample temples
2001
2007
1998 2003
2014
1994 2001 1995 1999
2009 Within first-ring road
2007
Within second-ring road
1998
Within third-ring road
Through layering analysis on the right side, 7 temples with characteristics in all aspects were selected from 30 temples for further analysis.
872.3K
406.7K
760.5K
1000K
782.5K
537.5K
1226K
761.4K 317.2K
5
9
6
10
8
3
12
15
9
Population of each district
13
6
3
Social function: nowadays, religious space plays a complex role for the whole society, which is not only the source of cultural output, but also the gradual adaptation of religious space to market economy and the pursuit of interests for long-term development, which will inevitably have a negative impact on religious activities.
12
Aesthetic quality: as a part of urban public space, the improvement of the aesthetic quality of religious space is one of the development directions for the perfection of the overall image of the city and the standardization of space scale. However, the development of some temples is still at the basic level. Material conditions: through field visits and data analysis, it is found that the material conditions of many religious Spaces often cannot meet the needs of use. With the transformation of social concepts, people's faith will gradually reach a balance, and the construction of religious space, whether in quantity or quality, is deficient.
690.7K
508.6K
Under the background of China's rapid urbanization process, people's spiritual needs in religion show a steady growth trend, and religion is also changing its forms increasingly to adapt to this fast-changing era. Nowadays, the relationship between religious space and urban public space is a topic that can only be discussed by advocating the active integration of religious space into contemporary life. In this study, buddhist temples within the second ring expressway of chengdu city were taken as research samples to try to discuss the sustainability of religious space in the urbanization process in terms of material conditions, social functions and aesthetic qualities:
847.8K
Established before 1994 Established after 1994 Opening year
901.2K
Within fourth-ring road
Other public places
25
Wenshuyuan
Tiexiang Temple
Daci Temple
Baoguang Temple
Zhaojue Temple
Randeng Temple
Erjiang Temple
Plane Layout
Lack of green space No obvious axis Lack of materialized space Lack of architectural function Buildings
Space scale imbalance
Sacred area Secular area
50m
Landscape area Axis
Transportation
Complex road conditions Far away from bus stops
2 23
0 15
2 16
0 14
0 18
0 13
Neighbourhood
3 25
Bus stop Metro station Metro line River
Overcommercialization Complex surrounding environment Eroded by other public spaces Green space River
Other Facts
Far away from urban arterial roads
Commercial area Residential area
Construction time
617
1590
440s
880
649
600
1825
Repair time
1697
null
1867
1956
1984
1867
1990
Open condition
all year/free
all year/free
all year/free
all year/5rmb
all year/free
all year/free
all year/free
Protection level
provincial
null
provincial
national
municipal
null
null
Low level of protection Lack of renovation Access restrictions No famous historical events and characters 26
Tiexiang Temple
Daci Temple
Baoguang Temple
Zhaojue Temple
Randeng Temple
Erjiang Temple
entrance
Wenshuyuan
main shrine
Moderate
Spacious
Spacious and exquisite
Large scale
Moderate
Moderate
Inconspicuous entrance space
Large scale and qxquisite
Small scale
Spacious
Exquisite
Magnificent
Small and rough
Moderate
Wide and exquisite
Moderate
Long and winding
Wide and traditional
Narrow but exquisite
Narrow
greening
Wide and exquisite
Unbalanced spatial scale Uncoordinated color Spatial monotony
aisle
Space and vision
Small scale
Monotony of plant configuration Lack of landscape Over-commercialization
Sparse trees
Sparse trees
Disorderd woods
Symmetric tree arrays
Dwarf shrubs group
Sparse symmetrical trees
Traditional street style
Traditional street style
Exquisite antique style
Rough antique style
Modern architectural style
Traditional street style
Mismatched European style
Unmatched architecture style
Evaluation of public places
blocks
Tall shady woods
Noise pollution Safe hidden trouble Barrier-free facilities Plant species diversity Natrual condition The terrain conditions Rest facilities Directional sign Night lighting No horizon pollution Cultural activities Equipment operating 27
Problems summary Wenshuyuan
Tiexiang Temple
Daci Temple
Baoguang Temple
Zhaojue Temple
Randeng Temple
Erjiang Temple
Strategy Lack of green area No obvious axis Lack of materialized space Lack of architectural function Space scale imbalance Complex road conditions Far away from bus stops Far away from urban arterial roads Far from nature Complex surrounding environment Eroded by other public spaces Low level of protection Lack of renovation Access restrictions No famous historical events and characters Inconspicuous entrance space Unbalanced spatial scale Uncoordinated color Spatial monotony Monotony of plant configuration Lack of landscape Over-commercialization Unmatched architecture style
Aesthetic quality
Material conditions
Social functions
Layout: the seven samples are all axisymmetric or partially axisymmetric, which is closely related to the origin of buddhist temples. However, considering the geographical location and occupied area of each sample, the layout pattern of each sample is reasonable to follow. In the long run, the centralized courtyard structure may no longer become the mainstream, and users' spatial logic and dynamic streamline will be more accustomed to the modern independent structure centralized space type.
It can be seen from the analysis that the performance of each sample is uneven in material conditions, social functions and aesthetic qualities, which has a lot to do with their specificity. Each temple is a unique development result in the process of urbanization. The relationship between religious space and urban public space is a complex and multidimensional problem. In order to integrate religious space into modern cities and re-establish the image of urban public space, a top-down strategy is proposed:
Planning level: 1. Planning principle based on local conditions 2. Cultivating distinctive religious symbols 3. Person-centered principle Management level: 1. Organize regular religious activities 2. Effective publicity and promotion of civic awareness
Transportation: most people believe that religious space in downtown areas is often overwhelmed by secular space, while religious space in the suburbs or between the mountains retains the most simple religious atmosphere. However, it has been proved that the key to balance religious space and urban public space is to grasp the scale.
3. Attach importance to cultural protection
Neighborhood: although the space with only religious function has poor publicity, some overly complex religious space will affect normal religious belief activities, so the exploration of functional compound also has an elastic scale.
5. Implement effective analysis methods
Other facts: Religious space with a long history, profound cultural heritage and strong renovation efforts is often the priority of citizens. In addition, people prefer freely accessible religious Spaces, and ticket prices and religious activities are key to attracting the public for charging admission tickets and temples open only on certain dates. Space and vision: the development of religion has formed its own unique aesthetic. In the treatment of space, the scale, shape and color are also the results of the long-term collision between religion and secularism. However, the original logic and rules should be followed when making changes.
4. Add composite functions
Implementation level: 1. Add interactive devices 2. Improve space facilities 3. Emphasize the space atmosphere
Evaluation of public space: Each sample was evaluated by referring to the "evaluation index system of public space" established by tongji university based on the theory of human settlement environment, so as to analyze the degree to which religious space is suitable for public activities. 28
Planning
Adjust Measures to Local Conditions
Cultivate Distinctive Religious Symbols
Person-Centered Principle
Planning level:
More bus stops
Religious goods
Ergonomics
Topographic adaptation
Religious brand
Multi-sensory aesthtic
Street culture adaptation
Religious plants
Planning principle based on local conditions: the form and scale of religious space are limited by its geographical environment and topographic conditions, and comprehensive consideration of environment and local atmosphere is an important factor for planning. Cultivating distinctive religious symbols: religion does not only stay at the spiritual level, but also forms its own religious symbols in the modern society that advocates multi-culture and the combination of religion and various fields, so as to establish a better foundation for the spread and development of religion. Person-centered principle: any public space should fully consider people's feelings of use. For religious space, meeting the needs of believers and the public is the most basic condition. In addition to the sacred space, the secular space can also be more attractive and can bring people a renewed experience in a variety of senses.
Management level: Organize regular religious activities: in addition to the various religious activities of believers, they can also organize regular preaching or more participatory activities. Effective publicity and promotion of civic awareness: the public's awareness of religion may still remain in the primary stage of understanding, and improving the publicity and popularization significance of religious space will become the development trend in the future.
Management
Attach importance to cultural protection: both material and non-material culture should be strictly protected and inherited, so at the management level, the state or government should take corresponding measures.
Organize Regular Religious Activities Buddhism class Pilgrimage
Effective Publicity and Promotion of Civic Awareness
Add Composite Functions
Publicity boards
Commercial
Buddhism website
Experience project
Buddhist journals
Recreation
Attach Importance to Cultural Protection Appropriate protection level Periodic renovation
Implement Effective Analytical Methods Based on big data Periodic questionaire
Adding composite functions: adding more functions will make religious space more attractive to the public, but it does not mean that all kinds of messy public Spaces can be imposed. Implement effective analysis methods: regular analysis, research and summary will better promote the integration of religious space into modern society.
29
Implementation
Implementation level: The implementation level is the level that is most closely related to the human scale. Whether it is aesthetic quality or material conditions, this level is the most intuitive and direct. So the implementation level is an important embodiment of the strategy implemented from top to bottom.
Add composite functionality and add business elements.
Add interactive devices: with the progress of interdisciplinary research, cooperation in various fields adds more color to life. In religious space, we can make full use of interactive devices, such as adding automatic science popularization points and various interactive devices.
Increase the use of religion-related plants, such as lotus in Buddhism.
Add the space for people to stay in public activities.
Add cameras at entrances and exits to improve the security of religious spaces.
Add illume device, besides night illume, it also have guide function.
Enhance the natural nature of religious space and provide users with richer activity space.
Add signboards to provide users with clearer routes of activity.
Replace the closed side door with a passageway to enhance interaction with the outside world.
Add recreational facilities such as meditation room to experience religious atmosphere.
Improving space facilities: with the gradual improvement of human material needs with social development, religious space, as a public space in cities, should keep pace with The Times and add all kinds of necessary space facilities. Emphasis on space atmosphere: human beings' pursuit of aesthetics or spirit is also improving day by day. In religious space, not only the use of color, but also the acceptance and excessive of various Spaces is worth continuous improvement.
References
Add bus stops to improve the accessibility of religious space.
[1] Jin, Q., 2012. A preliminary study on the spatial distribution of religions in xi 'an. Beijing Planning Review, 19(5), p.99-102. [2] Du, J., 2013. Study on the plane layout of 20 hanhanded buddhist temples in China. Available at: http://kns. cnki.net/kns/detail/detail.aspx?FileName=1014010466. nh&DbName=CMFD2014. [3] Zhou, J., 2013. Discussion on evaluation index system of urban public space quality. Architect, 1(3), p.52-56. [4] Xie, R.& Wu, B., A review of studies on religious tourism in China and abroad over the past 30 years. Tourism Tribune, 30(1), p.111-125. [5] Wang, X., 2010. A preliminary study on construction of plant landscape in chinese religious garden. Available at: http:// kns.cnki.net/kns/detail/detail.aspx?FileName=2010128814. nh&DbName=CMFD2010. [6] Wang, K., 2013. Study on the structure and development of temple landscape architecture in sichuan. Available at: http:// kns.cnki.net/kns/detail/detail.aspx?FileName=1014103006. nh&DbName=CMFD2014. [7] Yang, T., 2017. Study on the visual image design of temples. Available at: http://kns.cnki.net/kns/detail/detail. aspx?FileName=1017201274.nh&DbName=CMFD2017.
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