Fig. 1 Location of Manila

CHAPTER 1-1

RATIONALE

Fig. 1 Location of Manila

The City of Manila or “Lungsod ng Maynila” is the capital of the Philippines, and a highly urbanized city. It is known as the country’s center for education, tourism, business, and transportation. Manila is home to the major port for the trading industries of the Philippines.

It is located in Luzon and has a total land area of 4,045.8 hectares (Fig. 1), including areas that were reclaimed along the eastern coast of Manila Bay at the mouth of the Pasig River. In the existence of Manila’s port, the city serves as the major location for trading in the country, as it is also the center of the country’s shipping network. Manila also functions as the link to numerous island destinations of the country.

The city is bounded by seven cities of the National Capital Region: Navotas and Caloocan on the North; Quezon City, San Juan, and Mandaluyong on the East; and Pasay and Makati on the South. Located at the edge of Luzon, on the city’s west is the Manila Bay. The city is composed of six congressional districts and 17 administrative districts. Each district is then divided into 100 zones and 896 barangays.

Reaching a population density of 71,263 people per square kilometer, Manila also became the world’s most densely populated city in 2018 (Caruncho, 2018). The rapid population growth of Manila had caused more serious urban problems in