Fig. 30 Map of different parks, sports centers, and malls

Manila has been known to be colonized by the Spaniards back then, so the strong influence of the Spanish religion has not fully washed out in our culture today. Approximately 90% of Manila’s population is still Christian, most of them are Roman Catholic. Several churches from the 1500s onwards are still open and functioning until today, such as the Binondo Church, Quiapo Church, and the San Agustin Church. However, Buddhist and Taoist temples are also present around the city. These are located particularly in Binondo, Manila’s Chinatown (InterNations GO, 2016).

The City of Manila has a city hall located at Padre Burgos Ave, Ermita. It holds the office of the Mayor, the chambers of the Manila City Council, and different divisions of the Manila administration. Meanwhile, since Manila has a large area, several barangay halls were scattered in different barangays and zones.

The City of Manila has numerous public parks, whether big or small, for tourists to visit (Fig. 30).

The main park of Manila would be the Rizal Park also

Fig. 30 Map of different parks, sports centers, and malls

known as the Luneta Park, the location of the famous Rizal Monument. Other parks are the Arroceros forest park, Malacanang park, and Paco park. Also, other open spaces include the Manila zoo, small public plazas maintained by the Parks development office, and golf courses such as the Intramuros golf course. Sport centers and Shopping Malls, on the other hand, are concentrated on the east side of Manila, near famous tourist attractions and parks.

Rehabilitation programs of Manila are mostly for its water resources, which is the Manila Bay and the Pasig • Manila Bay Cleanup Program- implemented by the DENR, MWSS, and the DILG, the rehabilitation started its initial phase last January 2019 at the

Baywalk to jump start the project. Phase 1 includes clean up or water quality improvement; phase 2 includes rehabilitation and resettlement; lastly, phase 3 includes education and sustainment. This program is planned to last until the year 2022.

• Pasig River Rehabilitation - Last October 2018, the

Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission (PRRC) received an award for its successful efforts in redeeming the beauty of the 27-kilometer river.

According to the International River Foundation, the PRRC was able to manage approximately 22,000 kilograms of solid waste from the river.

City Economy Mentioned earlier are the leading industries in Manila. According to statistical data in the 1990s, the textile and garment industry comprises about 47.6 percent. A total of 25.16 percent for pharmaceuticals, food, rubber and plastic, and personal products; and the rest of the 27.22 percent are for other industries. The following are the classification of economic sectors in Manila:

• Primary sector - fishing industry • Secondary sector - manufacturing, food, clothing industry • Tertiary sector - shipping and cargo services, retail, tourism, banking, leisure, entertainment, IT services, etc.

As for tourism, The City of Manila has the densest collection of heritage buildings, therefore the first city in attracting foreign and local tourists. The city has the sunset boulevard from the Manila Bay, the historic Intramuros Walls, old Churches from the 1500s, theaters and movie houses, the food haven in the world’s oldest Chinatown in Binondo, etc.

Transportation and Infrastructures The City of Manila has a circumferential and radial road system, connecting to its neighboring cities in Metropolitan Manila. Since it was mentioned earlier that Manila is bisected by the Pasig River, a total of eight bridges (Manuel A. Roxas Memorial, William A. Jones Memorial, McArthur, Manuel L. Quezon Memorial, Ayala, Mabini, Padre Jacinto Zamora Memorial, New Panaderos Ext) and one railway (LRT-1) were built to connect North and South Manila as of 2018.