Site selection
Data collection
Analysis
REVITALIZING THE CORE URBAN DESIGN FOR ALNUZHA 2
0.0 GREEN HILLS
Outputs
Concept development
Design process
Site design Buildings design Character
TEAM MEMBERS BADR TAKHAH MOHAMMED ALSHUMESI RAYAN ALSHALI SUPERVISED BY DR. KHALED YOUSSEF
Introduction
1.4 The Location • The commercial use in the area is mainly about cars maintenances and accessories, there is a lack in the fundamental needs of the daily commercial use that can be attained through the neighborhood community center. • The eastern side of the neighborhood is being newly developed, and the northern organic system of the district will be redeveloped for a new governmental project related to the airport’s image. • The district will be surrounded by two bridges connecting the airport to the city downtown. • The closest metro station is the blue line on the prince Majid road which is connecting the airport to the university, mentioning that the orange line on Medina road is reachable within an a block.
1.1 Project Brief A civic center is a prominent project and focal point within a community. Recently, the term ‘civic center’ is used to refer to an entire central business district within a community. Community centers are places where members of the community can gather for group activities. Community centers usually accommodate facilities, such as: commercial, healthcare, fitness centers, educational and training firms, religious buildings, recreational facilities and open spaces. There is no unified set of facilities that a civic center/community center should have. In most cases, the design of the spatial program is dependent on the local context; i.e. the accessibility to the project, the shortage of certain facilities, the socio-economic context of the district, the availability of land, the land cost, among other factors. Saudi Arabia
1.2 The Issue
1.5 Area and Dimensions
Till recent, most of the district centers in the city of Jeddah are left undeveloped, except for accommodating a mosque, a school or a garden. In addition, most, if not all, of these centers are owned by the government. Thus, the municipality affords the initial cost as well as the running cost of these projects, with almost no chance to make profits out of them.
• The district area 970,000sqm 235 people per hectare.
Jeddah
Northern Jeddah
Alnuzha 2-A
1.6 Case Studies Core 1 20,700 sqm Core 2 9,600 sqm Core 3 34,200 sqm Core 4 7,500 sqm Core 5 12,400 sqm
• UVA El Paraíso / EDU Medellin, Colombia
Core 1 surrounded by 38 buildings Core 2 surrounded by 29 buildings Core 3 surrounded by 32 buildings Core 4 surrounded by 22 buildings Core 5 surrounded by 27 buildings
This type of development, where applied, lacks the following: • Economic sustainability: most of these developments cannot stand alone without the support of the municipality/ government, lacking the economic return that to help making profits or at least affording the running cost. • Social sustainability: most of the facilities offered do not support the social cohesion, integration and public gathering, except for the mosque which does this role for a limited time and for a certain group of people. • Filling the functional gap: in terms of providing the needed facilities and services.
685 m
• Palace De La Republique Paris, France
1.3 Social Stats
2 1
• Nationalities Saudi Arabian
Foreigners
60%
40%
• Gender Female
55%
45%
1093
Male
Rented
20%
80%
3
6m
100
Owned
m
• Ownership
• Average Household Size 3BR
4BR
5BR
40%
30%
30%
• Diamond Island Community Center Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
• Median Home Renting Values 26,000 SR
40,000 SR <<
<<
70
• Income of Households
5 13,000 SR
7,000 SR
<<
<<
• High School Graduated or Higher Secondary school 10%
4 52
High school
Bachelor
60%
30%
588 m
• Median Age Younger that 20 years
20 - 60 years
Older than 60 years
35%
45%
20%
1.7 Opportunities and Challenges
2.1 Urban Analysis
Key Challenges • Rapid urban population growth. • High urban poverty level. • Inadequate basic services. • The increase of emission, road accidents and cost of travel. • Environmental degradation. • Ownership deprivation. • Unstable infrastructure.
Key Opportunities • The district has a strong social bond. • Good accessibility routes. • Sustaining urban areas as engine of growth. • Bridging supply and demand gap on community needs. • Decentralizing urban administration. • Almakarounah as a strategic commercial and transportation road. • An appropriate amount of open spaces. • Good connectivity to the new airport. • Stake holder partnership. • District as en ecosystem. • Districts are being views as living ecosystems where there is balance among social, economic and environmental concerns. • Occupation according to the characteristic and potential of each sector. • Promoting environmental quality and banishing visual pollution.
1.8 Objectives
Solid and Void
Provides all people with the ability to make choices in a community that offers opportunities for access to: • Affordable, safe and appropriate housing. • Low cost transportation options. • Accessible recreation. • Medical, educational and social services. • Clean air and water. • Safe environment within an inclusive and socially cohesive atmosphere. • Sustainable economical base.
Solid
Land use Void
1.8 Vision
2.2 Space Syntax Analysis
Creating a Community • A place not to live in isolation but in the company of other people who share some values and interests and who interact for mutual benefit.
Most Visible Areas
Heights (floors)
Villa
Condo
Mixed use
Governmental
Commercial
Spontaneous
Educational
Recreational
Regional Svc.
Mosque
M.C. Street
Industrial
1
Longest Visible Lines
2
3
Buildings conditions 4
6
Good
Average
Population density (families) Bad
1-2
3-4
5-6
7-8
Visual Step Depth
What builds a Community? • Structure • Function • Amenity • Connection Why Community is important? • Human are social creatures, We crave community. When we are connected, we are healthier, live longer and prosper. What Factors make a Community? Built Environment
Social Environment
Natural Environment
Community
1.9 Design Criteria • Circulation and transportation. • Community. • Multiple housing opportunities. • Economical base. • Urban greening.
2.0 Analysis
High visibility
Low visibility
3.1 Site Layout Alternatives
3.5 Concept Development
Comparison of three basic concepts of pathway and connection routes with design criteria.
1
2
3 dary
Cores
Majo
Secon
Work
Main
shops
Apt
dary
n Seco
d Roa
Path
d r Roa
r Majo
Paths network
District organization
Removal
Shift
Pedestrian main path
- Acceptable block division. - Five clear cores. - Well defined access points.
- Three apartment buildings removal for core connection. - Vehicular service and parts workshops.
- Repositioning of mosques in according to visibility and wind analysis. - Relocation of four apartment buildings due to its inappropriate location and to increase connectivity.
- Longest clear path. - Connects to future development. - Increase cycling. - Passes by all 5 cores. - Increased visual connectivity.
• Accessibility • Removed buildings • Future adaptability
P
A
P
M
• Visual qualities Vis
• Control
ito
A
S
MIX
r
• Safety
MIX
• Privacy A
• Character and atmosphere
3.4 Space Program: Cores / Spines
• High quality, unobstructed pedestrian footpaths provide basic mobility for all. • Furniture, landscaping elements and active buildings edges transform walkways into vibrant public spaces.
• Street design ensures safety for cyclists by reducing carriageway speeds or creating separate cycle tracks. • A complete network, adequate shading elements, smooth surfaces and secure cycle parking lanes are essentials.
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
• • • • • • • • • •
Shifting
Public Transportation
Connecting
• Frequent, fast and reliable high capacity rapid transit reduces dependence on personal motor vehicles.
• Adequate parking fees and a reduction in the overall supply of parking create incentives for the use of public transport, walking and cycling. • A dense network of walking and cycling routes result in short, varied and direct connection that improve access to goods, services and public transport.
3.3 Design Standards
Kindergarten Laundry Kiosks - ice cream - popcorn Market Recreational garden Local mosque
• 1 module = 70 sqm • 1/2 a module = 35 sqm
Religion • Joma’a mosque x 1 = 2000 prayers x 1.2 sqm per prayer = 2400 sqm • Male hub mosque x 1 (nearby the boys school) = 800 prayers x 1.2 = 960 sqm • Local mosque x 3 = 300 prayers x 1.2 = 360 sqm
Parking
Kindergarten Copy shop - governmental services Photography studio Bank - International transferring services Cafe Laundry Market Recreational garden Local mosque
• • • • • • • •
Airport supportive facilities Travel agencies Hotels Serviced apartments Travelers transportation services Cars rental agencies Gifts shops - souvenirs Bus Stations
District • • • • •
MAIN
KG
Economical growth
Religious
Health
Kindergarten
- Positioning commercial uses in strategic - Four small mosques with a capacity of 300 - Clinic located on central core to cover - Two kindergartens located along the main locations keeping in mind its relation to the located on the four cornered cores. - A most regions. ( 40 beds ) - Also included a pedestrian path mid of the two half of the other public use will drastically benefit the large mosque located on the central core pharmacy and an optical store. path to cover as much region possible. users economically and increase land valwith a capacity of 2000. ue.
MALE
0 25
Gas stations Medical services Pharmacies Paints shop Bicycles shops - maintenance
3.0 Concept
Clinic
m
E
FEMAL m
• • • • • • • • •
Airport
KG
00
Core 1 • School boys = 1 park per 5 students = 250 parking lot • Mosque = 1 park per 5 prayers x 800 = 160 parking lots Underground parking = 410 parking lots x 35 sqm = 14,350 sqm
Core 4
Medical equipments Parking structures Shopping Centers Anchors Restaurants Entertainment centers Markets Administrative buildings Cars accessories - maintenance - wash Workshops metal - wood Kitchens - closets makers Construction shops - companies Home electronic stores Furniture stores Governmental services
m
25
Core 3 • Retail = 6 parks per 100 sqm x 20 shops = 120 parking lots • Joma’a mosque = 1 park per 5 prayers x 2000 = 400 parking lots • Clinic = 1 park per 20 sqm = 150 parking lots • MPH = 1 park per 5 users x 350 = 70 parking lots Underground parking = 740 parking lots x 35 sqm = 25,900 sqm
Joma’a mosque Boys Quran reading classes Community center - MPH Plazas - vistas Shops - clothing Supermarket Barbershop Bookshop Restaurants - food court Post office Clinic - Pharmacy - optical shop Gym Home decor - furniture Real estate office
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
0 25
TOD
• 24 students per class x 4 classes per level = 96 students • 96 students x 3 = 288 students per age group • 288 students per building x 4 buildings = 1,152 students in campus • 1,152 students x 25 sqm = 28,000 sqm (open spaces included) • 28,000 sqm / 4 floors = 7,800 sqm • Each classroom = 24 students x 2.1 sqm = 50 sqm • Each floor = 50 sqm x 4 = 200 sqm • Each age group building classrooms = 200 x 3 = 600 sqm • Each building = 600 sqm + 400 sqm service = 1000 sqm foot print • The whole campus = 1000 sqm x 4 buildings = 4000 sqm • Open spaces = 7800sqm - 4000 sqm = 3800 sqm • School library (open for public at night) = 20,000 people x 0.02 = 400 sqm
• • • • • • • • • • • • • •
City
MIX
Retail
• Building area = 20,000 population x 0.15m = 3,000 sqm • Floor area = 3,000 sqm / 3 floors = 1000 sqm footprint • Required capacity 2 beds per 1,000 people = 40 beds
• • • • • •
Core 3
Education
Healthcare
Core 2
m
m
• Intensification of residential and commercial uses around high capacity rapid transit stations helps ensure that all residents and workers have access to high quality public transport.
0 25
700 m
• Public open space increases land values over time. • Walkable urban places have higher rents, higher retail revenue and higher property values.
Girls schools Events space - MPH Bazaar area Kids care center Market Shops Saloon - spa Tailor Local mosque Girls Quran reading classes
- Two cores defined as passive cores due - Each core is designated with an identity - Mix use apt buildings providing commerto size and privacy. - Three cores defined depending on its location and uses. - Male cial edges on the visitors secondary streets. as active cores with different activities and hub, Female hub, Social hub, and two rec- Provide one and two bedroom apartuses. reational parks. ments in accordance to users demand.
500
Intensifying
Creating Value
Boys schools Convertible play field First aid clinic Events space Cafeteria - buffet Cafe Stationary Library Market Sports shop Electrical shop Mechanical shop Computers shop Cooling workshop Keys copy shop Local mosque
- Smooth visitor entrance and exit. - Increase travelers experience by passing through the site.
Updated land use
0m
Core 5
Core identity
80
Core 1
Cores
0m
Cycling
Visitor path
80
Walk-ability
• A diverse mix of residential and non-residential land uses reduces the need to travel and ensures activation of public spaces at all hours.
P
P
3.2 Concept Design Strategies
Mixing
F
Educational
Public transportation
Greening
Strip development
- A large school complex for primary, secondary, and High school students located on each of the female and male hubs with a radius covering most of the district.
- Two bus stops located on the major roads in opposite mirror locations of the district to serve most of the district, mainly the schools.
- Planting along the secondary roads and the pedestrian main path. (Shade, and visually) encourage walk-ability. - Maximize usable green areas by covering most of the buildings with green roofs.
- Include Airport services along the strip. (Hotels , car rental , travel agencies...etc) - Welcoming building design on district entrance. - A transit-oriented development.
2.3 Wind Analysis
4.1 Precedent Survey
Core 1
2
1
3
5 4 1
2
Core 2
3
Wind Flow
4
Wind Direction
5
Wind Contours
Wind speed, or wind flow velocity, is a fundamental atmospheric quantity. The term “wind direction” is defined as the compass heading from which The wind vector represents the motion of the airmass over the ground. It Wind speed is caused by air moving from high pressure to low pressure, the wind is blowing. This is in contrast to the term “bearing,” which indi- is described by wind speed and the inverse of wind direction. usually due to changes in temperature. cates the direction toward which an object is moving.
2.4 Shade and Shadow Annual Shade and Shadow of 2016-2017
7:00
Core 3
9:00
12:00
14:00
17:00
Core 4
2.5 Existing Cores Atmosphere Skyline of the core’s surroundings
Core 1
Core 5
Core 2
Core 3
Core 4
Core 5
4.0 Context
5.0 Master plan
Scale 1:1000
1 Mosque 2 Commercial 3 Parking
1 3 2
4
1 Mosque 2 Commercial 3 Boys school 4 Playgrounds
1 Mosque 2 Commercial 3 Community Center 4 Healthcare Clincs 5 Gym 6 Plaza 3
4
2 6
1
5
3
1
1 Mosque 2 Commercial 3 Parking
4
2 2 1
1 Mosque 2 Commercial 3 Girls School 4 Multipurpose hall
WALK
CYCLE
CONNECT
MIX
INTENSIFY
CREATE VALUE
PUBLIC TRANSPORT
SHIFT
1.5 Roadway Sections Alternatives Shaded paths
Houses Shoulder
Houses Shoulder
Shaded paths Buffer
Buffer Bike line
Overhead utilities
Raised median
Overhead utilities Bike line
Bike line Travel line
Side walk
Travel line
S Travel line Parking
Parking
Side walk
Side walk
N Travel line Parking
Side walk
5.5
4.0
Parking 2.6
2.0 4.0
2.5 1.5
7.0
7.0 1.0
2.5
2.0 1.5
• Alternative 1 (Commercial spine)
2.6 4.0
4.0 2.6
5.5
7.0
7.0
1.5
1.5
• Alternative 2 (Pedestrian spine)
2.6
6.01 Concept development
6.02 Functional layering
6.03 Plans scale 1:500
• Site layout
1 3
4
1 Mosque
2 Commercial
3 Boys school
2
• Ground floor
4 Playground
3
1
2 4
1 Mosque
2 Commercial
3 Boys school
• First floor
4 Playground
3
1
6.04 Space syntax
6.06 Visual Sequence
3 Boys school
• Typical floor
• The hill and its entrances
3 • The connection between the cores
• Basement floor
• The shifted playground
• The path • Facade characterstic
6.05 Wind analysis
• Way finding
6.07 Character and Identity
6.08 Section
Mosque exterior facade Green walls / louvers
Attraction point and cores identifactions
Way finding Landmark clocks
6.0 CORE 1
6.11 Concept Development
6.12 Functional Layering
6.13 Plans scale 1:500
• Site plan
3
2 4
6
1
1 Mosque
2 Commercial
3 Community center
5
4 Clinics
5 Gym
6 Plaza
• Ground floor
3 2
4
6 5 1
6.16 Visual Sequence
6.14 Space syntax
1 Mosque
2 Commercial
3 Community center
4 Clinics
5 Gym
• First floor
• Attraction points
3 • Connectivity to the spines
4
• Gates, nodes and paths
2
5
• Sense of inclosure 1
• The light tubes
• Basement floor
6.15 Wind analysis
• The landmarks
6.17 Character and Identity
Lighting tubes Focal points from the spines
Enterances indications
6.18 Section
6.1 CORE 3
6.21 Concept Development
6.22 Functional layering
6.23 Plans scale 1:500
• Site plan
3
1
4
2
1 Mosque
2 Commercial
3 Girls school
4 Multi purpose hall
• Ground floor
2 3 4 1 2 2
1 Mosque
2 Commercial
3 Girls school
4 Multi purpose hall
• First floor
3 1
4
6.24 Space syntax
6.26 Visual sequence
3 Girls school
• Typical floor
• Focal points and way finding
• Attraction points from the main street
3
6.28 Section
• Landmarks • Path, edges and node
6.29 Street Types
• Commercial edges
6.25 Wind analysis
• Hijab free zone and the facade screen
6.27 Character and Identity
Hijab free area Landmark and way finding Project logo and name Bike lane Steel structure gates
6.2 CORE 5
Elevated building
Mosque exterior facade
6.31 Concept Development
6.32 Functional Layering
6.33 Plans scale 1:500
• Site plan
3 2 1
1 Mosque
2 Commercial
• Ground floor
3 Parking
3 2 1
6.34 Space Syntax Analysis
6.35 Visual Sequence
6.36 Wind Analysis
• Path from core 1
• The connection to the node
• Shaded pathways
• The mosque in the node
6.3 CORE 2
6.41 Concept Development
6.43 Plans scale 1:500
6.42 Functional Layering
• Site plan
2
1
1 Mosque
2 Commercial
3 Parking
• Ground floor
2
1
6.44 Space Syntax Analysis
6.46 Wind Analysis
6.45 Visual Sequence
• The connection from core 5
• Dynamic path
• The area nearby the Sudan consulate
• Commercial edges
6.4 CORE 4