Astana calling no 327

Astana Calling

Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of Kazakhstan

Central Communications Service for the President of Kazakhstan

A WEEKLY ONLINE PUBLICATION / WWW.MFA.GOV.KZ ISSUE No 327 / FRIDAY, OCT 25 2013

Nur Otan Party Sets New Path Party Congress addressed by President Nazarbayev

Foreign Minister Idrissov outlines importance of UN Kazakhstan marks UN Day

Transport Minister Details State’s Road-Building Projects Ministry responds to recent criticism

Singapore’s Foreign Minister in Astana

Kazakh Film a Hit in US

Visit marks 20 years of diplomatic relations

“Myn Bala” draws positive reviews

News from the Government in Brief

Also in the News

Things to Watch

President Nazarbayev is congratulated by delegates after his keynote address.

President Nazarbayev with Prime Minister Akhmetov (R) and Nur Otan First Deputy Chairman Baurzhan Baybek (L)

Nur Otan Party Sets New Path The 15th Extraordinary Congress of the Nur Otan Party took place on October 17-18 in Astana. The leader of the Party, President Nazarbayev, convened the Congress to discuss with party members how the Party should be putting into action the aims of the Strategy “Kazakhstan-2050”. The two-day Congress was attended by 1,200 delegates, representing each of the regional branches of the Party. They were joined by more than 1,000 invited guests, including representatives of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and youth organizations; diplomats; figures from the worlds of culture and sport; and leaders of government departments and business.

The keynote speech at the Congress was given by President Nazarbayev. He stressed that Nur Otan must show leadership to the people of Kazakhstan as the country progresses along the path laid out in the 2050 Strategy. Since the central aim of that Strategy is to see Kazakhstan rise to become one of the world’s 30 most developed countries by the middle of the century, the Party has the added task of strengthening the international standing of the country at a time when there are huge global challenges.

For example, there are still serious economic problems in the European Union. This has led to a serious social crisis, high levels of unemployment and widespread dissatisfaction among the population. Elsewhere, in the so-called “BRICS” countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa), economic growth has slowed considerably.

The President also pointed out that the world is facing an increasing water shortage; the Secretary-General of the United Nations, Ban Ki-moon, recently announced that a group of leading UN scientists had published research suggesting that by 2050 half of the world’s population will be facing serious water shortages. The Middle East is a troubled region, the “Arab Spring” of 2010-2011 being replaced by what the President called, “the Arab ‘anti-spring’”.

Given so much uncertainty in the world, the President said, Kazakhstanis should note the development of their own country.

GDP continues to rise, and growth will be around six per cent this year. This year’s grain harvest has yielded an excellent figure of 20m tonnes. The country’s gold reserves are growing, and have passed the USD 90bn mark. Kazakhstan is now exporting goods to 111 countries around the world. New manufacturing industries have appeared.

It is the task of the Nur Otan Party, President Nazarbayev said, to be the leader of such progress; and it was up to the Congress to determine how the Party is to continue to demonstrate to the country the way to achieve the goals set for Kazakhstan in the 21st Century. The Party must show the country what true patriotism is. The Party must keep together all the various factions and groups of Kazakhstan’s multi-ethnic population. The Party must lead the way by creating a true civil society, and in cooperation with the Civil Alliance guide all patriotic NGOs, to help them solve the nation’s problems together. The Nur Otan Party must also utilize its position in parliament and in society to promote the aims of the 2050 Strategy.

The President devoted a significant part of his speech to the Party’s work with the younger generation, or, as the President put it, “our gold reserve”. He criticized regional authorities that have yet to implement the order from the Ministry of Education to create “Youth” scientific research centers, despite funds being made available. And he made an impassioned call to Kazakhstan’s young people: “Everything which has been done in our country is first and foremost for you! All the doors in Kazakhstan are open for you! Hold tight to the unity of the nation! You represent the hope of the whole of Kazakhstan!”

“Our Party is the force which cements the democratic coalition “Kazakhstan-2050”. Today, Nur Otan is the principal mechanism for political leadership, helping Kazakhstan to stride successfully through the 21st Century. Now we have in our hands everything we need to confidently lead our people to new victories.”

President Nazarbayev ASTANA CALLING / ISSUE 327 / 2

Back to Contents

Foreign Minister Idrissov outlines importance of UN

Kazakhstan’s Foreign Minister, Erlan Idrissov, addressing the 68th UN General Assembly in September 2013

In an article published on October 24 in the leading national newspaper “Kazakhstanskaya Pravda”, Foreign Minister Erlan Idrissov marked United Nations Day by examining his country’s close cooperation and developing relationship with the UN. UN Day marks the anniversary of the entry into force in 1945 of the UN Charter, when the UN was officially established. United Nations Day has been celebrated every year since 1948.

In his article, Mr Idrissov describes Kazakhstan’s successful membership of the United Nations since it joined the organization on March 2, 1992. The UN has been active in Kazakhstan for over 20 years having first opened a representation in the country in 1993. Mr Idrissov also says that the country has actively participated in all of the UN’s main events and has hosted major international forums. Major landmarks in the UN-Kazakhstan relationship have included official visits to Kazakhstan

by UN Secretaries-General Kofi Annan in 2002 and Ban Ki-moon in 2010. Ban Ki-moon also participated in the 2010 OSCE Summit in Astana.

Mr Idrissov points out that Kazakhstan is a member of almost all special agencies of the UN as well as two regional commissions of the organization (UNECE and ESCAP); it is also a periodically-elected member of a number of functional commissions of ECOSOC as well as a member of the Executive Boards of UNICEF, UNESCO and UN-Women. Kazakhstan is also a member of the Human Rights Council (2013-2015).

Mr Idrissov emphasizes that Kazakhstan’s involvement in these agencies is based on active participation and not a merely formal role, and that this position has been defined and driven by President Nazarbayev. Mr Idrissov said: “We view our membership of the UN as an opportunity for direct and active participation in resolving issues, promoting initiatives, hosting events, and exerting a positive influence on the course of world events.”

Kazakhstan has applied to be a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council for 2017-2018. Mr Idrissov highlights the key elements of the country’s candidature since formally initiating the process in September this year. Kazakhstan’s application is focused on ensuring global nuclear, water, food and energy security.

Foreign Minister Idrissov and UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon

At the 68th Session of the UN General Assembly on September 24-29 in New York, Kazakhstan’s delegation conducted bilateral meetings with their UN counterparts to discuss Kazakhstan’s candidature. Mr Idrissov says that already, a number of countries have voiced their support for Kazakhstan’s ambition, highlighting the trust in the country among the world community.

A further initiative from Kazakhstan has come from President Nazarbayev, who has proposed creating a regional UN center in Almaty. This idea, first presented to Ban Ki-moon in September 2011, is based on the fact that there is no regional UN center located between Vienna and Bangkok. As Mr Idrissov explains, this proposal is based on a strong foundation – Almaty is already home to 18 representative offices of organizations, programs, funds and specialized agencies of the UN. Summing up, Mr Idrissov reiterates Kazakhstan’s commitment to using UN structures to resolve pressing international issues of the day and expresses confidence that it will achieve the strategic goal of becoming a non-permanent member of the Security Council.

“Recognizing the UN as a universal and irreplaceable instrument of international relations, Kazakhstan strives to make a worthy contribution to solving the common problems facing mankind. This would be helped by the election of our country as a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council.”

Foreign Minister Idrissov

ASTANA CALLING / ISSUE 327 / 3

Back to Contents

The two Foreign Ministers and their delegations meeting in Astana this week

Singapore’s Foreign Minister in Astana The Foreign Minister of Singapore, Grace Fu, visited Kazakhstan on October 21. The visit marked the 20th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries, which formally began on March 30, 1993. Even before this, in 1991, the First Prime Minister of Singapore, Lee Kuan Yew, had visited Kazakhstan.

Since diplomatic relations were established between the two countries, President Nazarbayev has visited Singapore twice, in 1996 and 2003.

Although very different in size – Kazakhstan is the world’s ninth largest country, Singapore the 190th – the two countries have much in common. They are both young countries: Kazakhstan gained its independence in 1991, Singapore in 1965. In the first few decades of its independence, Singapore experienced the sort of economic boom which Kazakhstan is aiming for now.

At the press conference which Mrs Fu held jointly with Kazakhstan’s Foreign Minister, Erlan Idrissov, Mr Idrissov said that Kazakhstan specifically wants to achieve the sort of socio-economic development which Singapore experienced. Indeed, by the 1990s Singapore was marked out, with Hong Kong, South Korea and Taiwan, as one of the four “Asian Tigers”, because of the rapid economic growth which led to all four countries becoming successful, high-income economies. In the space of 12 years, GDP in Kazakhstan has gone from USD 600 per head to USD 12,500, suggesting that the country is successfully adapting the “Asian Tiger” and Singaporean model.

During their talks, Mr Idrissov and Mrs Fu looked at a broad range of bilateral cooperation, as well as wider issues of regional and global security. Trade and investment topped their agenda. They noted that there had been a 60% rise in trade between the two countries from 2011 to 2012, from USD 50m to around USD 80m. This has come about despite the continuing general downturn in global trade.

Basic exports from Kazakhstan to Singapore include metals, mechanical equipment, electrical machinery and medical instruments and apparatus. Kazakhstan imports from Singapore include animal products, chemicals, textiles, paper goods and optical instruments, among other things. A notable joint venture between Kazakhstan Engineering and Singapore Technologies Engineering is the “Kaz-ST Engineering Bastau”. There are also a number of joint construction projects for the oil industry in the Caspian Sea. A major petrochemical park project is being built in Karabatan in Atyrau Region with the help of the Singaporean firm, Jurong Consulting. This involves the construction of four plants to produce different polymers and polyethylene, which should come online in 2016-2018.

Other economic cooperation between Kazakhstan and Singapore involves Singaporean company Changi Airport International, which is helping to construct a new airport near Almaty. The Foreign Ministers also noted the valuable role played by the Temasek Foundation of Singapore, which in 2012 provided funding for more than 100 managers and educationalists from Kazakhstan to receive technical and professional training in Singapore.

This was just one example of the valuable cooperation between the two countries in the field of education and science which the Ministers discussed. Of special note is the Agreement on Long-Term Cooperation between the Lee Kuan Yew School of State Policy and Nazarbayev University. Both sides believe that this agreement will lead to increased educational and scientific links between Kazakhstan and Singapore.

“I had heard a great deal about Kazakhstan, about Astana and about the wise leadership of this country. Now I have had the chance to see Astana for myself and I am very impressed. Our countries have developed an excellent basis for cooperation and there is great potential for the further growth of our mutual cooperation.”

Grace Fu, Foreign Minister of Singapore

ASTANA CALLING / ISSUE 327 / 4

Back to Contents

Minister of Transport and Communications, Askar Zhumagaliyev

Transport Minister Details State’s Road-Building Projects The Minister of Transport and Communications, Askar Zhumagaliyev, gave a briefing on October 21 in which he outlined new road building projects in Kazakhstan, such as the planned ring road around Almaty, as well as the repair of existing highways. The Minister was responding to criticism of the Ministry and the roads program made by President Nazarbayev at his recent meeting with the government (see Astana Calling 326).

Mr Zhumagaliyev gave an example of why the issue of road-building in Kazakhstan had become so prominent. “We need to carry out serious running repairs on some 500km of roads; in practice, only 60km has been completed. Between repairs we need also to carry out surface repairs on 4,700km (of roads); in practice, only 1,100km is completed. This work needs KZT 38bn annually. On average in the past three years we’ve been given only KZT 10.5bn each year.” To show that his Ministry is trying to find ways round the issue of financing, Mr Zhumagaliyev said that they were beginning to introduce toll roads, such as on the Astana-Shchuchinsk highway.

The Minister presented further figures for work that has been carried out this year on the roads. Out of a total budget of KZT 310bn for the country’s road network, covering nearly 6,000km of roads, KZT 235bn goes to repair work on major roads of national significance. Repairs are being carried out now on nearly 3,500km of roads, of which 2,000km should be completed this year. Mr Zhumagaliyev gave a breakdown of the work which has been completed so far this year: 1,785km of surface work has been done (85% of the planned total); 868km of foundation work (90%); 6.3m cubic meters of earthwork has been completed (95%).

Overall, the Minister said that the condition of the roads has improved by 2% this year. 31% of roads were in good condition; 50% in satisfactory condition; and 19% in an unsatisfactory state, he added. The reasons he gave for the poor condition of many roads was the lack of financing for repair work; too many heavy trucks on the roads; insufficient security; and the lack of a service network.

Turning to the project many consider the main transport link on the roads of Kazakhstan, the “Western Europe-Western China” highway, Mr Zhumagaliyev said that out of the overall length of the highway of 2,787km, 2,452km was in need of reconstruction.

The period for the completion of the project is 2009-2015. In 2011, 215km was re-built; last year 700km; and by mid-October this year, 710km out of a planned 806km for the year had been re-built.

The Minister was able to pass on good news about the work that is ongoing on a number of other road-building projects of national and even international significance, covering nearly 2,000km. And on one of these projects alone – the 100km stretch of highway between the capital of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, and Shymkent – 60 road-building companies are engaged currently, employing 35,000 people.

Mr Zhumagaliyev announced, too, that work is due to start in 2014 on building the ring road around Almaty. So far, KZT 6.7bn has been spent buying the land to build the road. Once the final 107 plots of land needed for the road have been bought (at a cost of a further KZT 2.7bn), construction will begin. It is expected that the 65.6km of the 4-6 lane highway will be built over the years 2014-2017, at a cost of USD 750m.

“This year we are building 1,854km of new highways, including: Almaty-Khorgos, 304km; Shymkent to the border of Zhambyl Region, 79km; the Taraz by-pass, 65km. We will also be starting construction of the 100km-long Tashkent-Shymkent highway.

This project involves more than 60 road construction companies, employing 35,000 men and utilizing 4,500 pieces of equipment.”

Askar Zhumagaliyev, Minister of Transport and Communications

ASTANA CALLING / ISSUE 327 / 5

Back to Contents

Kazakh Film a Hit in US The Kazakh film, Myn Bala, or, in its English-language version, Warriors of the Steppe: Myn Bala, has been released in the US to generally favorable reviews. With a budget of USD 12m – the most money ever spent on a film in Kazakhstan – it was a contender for the Oscar for best foreign language film after it was first shown at the Cannes Film Festival in 2012.

The film is a historical epic, telling the story of one of the most important moments in Kazakhstan’s history. At the start of the 18th century, the northern part of modern Kazakhstan was overrun by the Dzhungars, fierce fighters descended from Genghis Khan’s warrior tribes. Despite the overwhelming odds against them, a young warrior, Sartay, helped to unite the various tribes living in the Kazakh steppe and form an organized army. The title of the film, Myn Bala, translates as “the thousand boys”, a reference to the young guerrilla fighters who fought and defeated the Dzhungars at the Battle of Anyrakay in 1729. The battle and the date are key moments in Kazakhstan’s history.

The story behind Myn Bala is based on historical fact. The Dzhungars were certainly merciless as they swept through the steppe, destroying villages and killing everyone they came across. As a child, Sartay escapes the Dzhungars when his village is destroyed and his parents murdered. Sartay grows up in the mountains with a small band of survivors who then plot the defeat of the Dzhungars.

Perhaps the figure of Sartay in the film is idealized. Certainly there are elements of Hollywood-style films: the unflinching bravery of the young warrior and his comrades, all of whom are prepared to die to rid their lands of the hated invaders; the beautiful girl, Zere, who captures Sartay’s heart, and the complicating factor that she is the daughter of a khan who is trying to establish a modus vivendi with the enemy. But all this helps to make Myn Bala a gripping spectacle for today’s film-watchers, without diverging too much from historical events.

Some critics have suggested that there is a parallel with modern times. The film was released to mark the 20th anniversary of Kazakhstan’s independence and freedom from the Soviet Union. Whether or not the Director, Akan Satayev, intended this is not clear. But the film is certainly a landmark piece of post-Soviet cinema for a number of reasons.

In Soviet times, directors in Kazakhstan - as with everywhere else in the USSR - were restricted in the types of films they could make. There was a strong ideological content in Soviet films: the Soviet authorities saw film (as all media) as a means to promote the Communist message. Part of that message was not to make films which glorify the peoples of the individual republics. Any film seen as nationalistic would not make it to the screen.

After the collapse of the USSR, such restrictions were removed but film directors, as with artists in all other spheres, then realized that they had a different problem: the state may have restricted what they showed, but it paid them to make their films. Now the artistic freedom was there; but the funding was not. It has taken over 20 years, but Myn Bala is making the world sit up and take notice that Kazakhstan, too, has talented directors and actors – as well as amazing scenery. The film could even bring an extra bonus of encouraging more tourists to visit Kazakhstan.

“Akan Satayev’s epic adventure transcends its nationalist origins with a highly accessible story.

Who knew Kazakhstan cinema would be this entertaining?”

NEO Magazine

ASTANA CALLING / ISSUE 327 / 6

Back to Contents

Astana Opera House Stages First Performances The world has a new center for opera and ballet. In a four-day festival this week, the brand new Astana Opera House celebrated its first performance with a feast of opera and arias featuring some of the world’s leading performers.

The theater itself was opened in June this year (see Astana Calling 310). But the first performances were scheduled for October. President Nazarbayev attended the opening night on October 21, when he watched a spectacular staging of Giuseppe Verdi’s opera, “Attila”, conducted by the Musical Director of the Mariinsky Theater in St Petersburg, Valery Gergiyev.

On the second night of the festival, October 22, there was a Gala Concert, featuring world stars of classical music and opera. On the same day there was an international conference in the theater, on the theme of “Opera in the 21st Century”. The following night there was another production of “Attila”, this time under the direction of Marko Boeni; and on October 24 there was a Gala Concert featuring the stars of the Astana Opera House itself.

The Opera House, which was described at its opening by President Nazarbayev as “the largest cathedral of culture in Central Asia”, has been decorated throughout using Sicilian marble, gold leaf and the finest wood. The ceilings have been hand-painted by Italian craftsmen, using traditional color combinations in pastel tones. As well as the main hall, there are two side – or “pocket” – stages, which can also be used to hold scenery during a performance on the main stage. The building has a further 11 halls, which can be used either as rehearsal rooms or to stage smaller productions; the chamber hall, for example, can seat an audience of 250.

The Astana Opera House is the third largest opera house in the world.

ASTANA CALLING / ISSUE 327 / 7

Back to Contents

News from the Government in Brief Finnish Forum Praises Kazakhstan’s Anti-Nuclear Policies A two-day congress in Helsinki on October 18-19 examined the issue of nuclear disarmament. The congress was organized by the International Peace Bureau, jointly with “Finnish Doctors for Social Responsibility”. In his speech to the meeting, the winner of the Nobel Prize for Peace, the former President of South Africa, F.W. de Klerk, spoke about nuclear disarmament in his own country, and then said that, “the decision of Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan to renounce their nuclear arsenals is worthy of praise”.

Kazakhstan’s Ambassador-at-Large, Roman Vassilenko, told the congress about the tragic legacy of Soviet nuclear testing in Kazakhstan and described the history of nuclear disarmament after independence. He said that the closure of the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site and the decision to give up the world’s fourth-largest nuclear arsenal opened up a new chapter in both the regional and global process of nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation. Mr Vassilenko then talked about the various initiatives which have been put forward by President Nazarbayev to further the anti-nuclear cause: the establishment of nuclear-free zones in Central Asia; the suggestion on adopting the General Declaration of a Nuclear-Free World through the United Nations; the Agreement on Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons; and the proposed Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. Delegates expressed great interest in the President’s latest initiative, the ATOM Project – the online petition for the Comprehensive Test Ban to come into force, which has already been signed by people in over 100 countries. (mfa.gov.kz)

Prosecutor’s Office Protects Businesses The Deputy Prosecutor General, Zhakyp Assanov, spoke at a briefing this week about measures which the Prosecutor’s Office is taking to protect small businesses. “In the first place,” he said, “we are determined to crack down on illegal checks on entrepreneurs.” He explained that since 2009, regional and city prosecutors had created mobile groups that, if asked to do so by businessmen, examine whether or not a check on a business is legal. This year there had been around 800 requests from businesspeople. “This has led to 200 investigations by the Prosecutor’s Office; four criminal cases have been opened; 32 administrative procedures have been instigated and 140 officials have received a variety of punishments,” Assanov said. (ortcom.kz)

ASTANA CALLING / ISSUE 327 / 8

Back to Contents

Also in The News…

• President Nazarbayev receives new ambassadors Seven new ambassadors presented their credentials to President Nazarbayev on October 22 at a ceremony in the Akorda, the Presidential Palace in Astana. The ambassadors were from Armenia, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil, Cuba, France and Qatar. In his welcome speech, President Nazarbayev spoke to the ambassadors about the main principles of the “Kazakhstan-2050” Strategy. (akorda.kz) • Kazakhstan joins Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative At a meeting of the International Directorate of the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative on October 17, Kazakhstan was granted the status of “Compliant country”. The meeting, which was held in Abidjan in the Ivory Coast, concluded a process which began on August 15 this year. To achieve “Compliant country” status, Kazakhstan had to demonstrate that it met the standards for extraction of raw materials demanded by the International Directorate. Membership of the Initiative has considerable international political significance and is a strong sign of anti-corruption measures being in place. (mfa.gov.kz) • President Nazarbayev attends Eurasian Economic Council meeting in Minsk On October 24-25 President Nazarbayev attended a meeting of the Higher Eurasian Economic Council and the Council of the Heads of State of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). The meeting took place in the Belarusian capital, Minsk. During the meeting, issues of Eurasian integration and the development of trade and cultural cooperation within the CIS were discussed. (akorda.kz) • Meeting of Oil and Gas Council chaired by President Nazarbayev President Nazarbayev chaired a meeting of the Oil and Gas Council on October 18, which looked into questions of the development of the oil and gas industry, focusing on its modernization and diversification. The President paid particular attention to the completion of the structural reorganization of the state oil and gas company, KazMunaiGaz, to ensure that there is no duplication in the functions of its subsidiaries, and to see that it is meeting international standards of corporate management. (akorda.kz) • Ambassador of Kazakhstan in China meets Culture Minister Kazakhstan’s Ambassador to the People’s Republic of China, Nurlan Yermekbayev, met this week with the Chinese Minister of Culture, Tsai Wu. The two men discussed the Days of the Culture of Kazakhstan, which are being held in China on November 5-8. The Ambassador said that the Days of Culture would be taking place not only in Beijing, but in Shanghai and Ürümqi as well. Plans are underway to hold Days of Chinese Culture in Kazakhstan in 2014. (mfa.gov.kz) • New International Airport Opens in Kokshetau On October 21, a new international airport in the northern city of Kokshetau was officially opened by the Deputy Minister for Transport and Communications, Azat Bekturov. Construction of the airport, which has cost KZT 8.3bn, started in 2010. “Aviakompania Kokshetau” will be the main airline based at the airport, which will run both passenger and freight services 24 hours a day. (ortcom) • Art Exhibition depicts times of repression An art exhibition will run from October 25 to November 14 in Almaty, entitled “1937: the Memorial Territory ‘Zhoktau’”. The aim of the exhibition is to examine the nature of repression through the works of artists of different generations. The initiator of the project, Azhar Dzhandossova, explained her reasons for wanting to put on such an exhibition: “The enormity and the consequences of the repression which our society lived through in the 20th century are a subject which in the consciousness of many people, especially the younger generation, has been studied too little. Many simply know nothing at all about it.” The exhibition is being held in the Kasteyev State Museum of Art. (inform.kz) • Two Astana Dakar Rally Teams finish in Top 10 On October 13-19, two Astana Dakar Rally team crews finished in the top ten of the race in Morocco. Co-pilot of the T1 HiLux Overdrive crew, Gabdulla Ashimov, said: “It was a very good result for our team… with hard work, a strong will and the help of the Astana Presidential Club, we now are in the top ten.” (The Astana Times)

ASTANA CALLING / ISSUE 327 / 9

Back to Contents

Things to Watch • Russia-Kazakhstan Interregional Forum in Yekaterinburg On November 9-11, the tenth Russia-Kazakhstan Interregional Cooperation Forum will take place in Yekaterinburg. The Presidents of both countries, Vladimir Putin and Nursultan Nazarbayev, are due to participate. The forum will include a series of presentations by regional governments and businesses from each country.

ASTANA CALLING A WEEKLY ONLINE PUBLICATION / WWW.MFA.GOV.KZ Please send comments and questions to pressa@mfa.kz

ASTANA CALLING / ISSUE 327 / 10

Back to Contents