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INTHEFIELD MAGAZINE
CONTENTS
December 2020 VOL. 14 • ISSUE 4
28 BRIDGET STICE: POLK COUNTY EXTENSION AGENT
Cover Photo By Blair Buchanon PAGE 5 Agvocating for Youth
PAGE 30 Recipes
PAGE 10 Scott Angle
PAGE 31 USDA
PAGE 12 Ranchers Daughter
PAGE 32 PCSO
PAGE 14 Fishing Hot Spots
PAGE 34 Ridge Island Graves
PAGE 16 Winter Watering
PAGE 35 News Briefs
PAGE 18 Greening Resistant Citrus
PAGE 36 John Dicks
PAGE 19 PCYF
PAGE 38 Endangered Species
PAGE 22 Rocking Chair Chatter PAGE 25 Pecans
PAGE 41 A Closerr Look PAGE 42 UF Gains Acreage
PAGE 26 Literary Time Machine
PAGE 44 Southern Babies
Hey Readers!
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Polk County Cattlemen’s Association P.O. Box 9005 • Drawer HS03 Bartow, FL. 33831-9005 President – Dave Tomkow 3305 US Highway 92 E Lakeland, FL 33801-9623 (863) 665-5088 dave@cattlemens1.com Vice President – Ken Sherrouse 13475 Moore Rd Lakeland, FL 33809-9755 (863) 698-1834 kensherrouse@yahoo.com Secretary/Treasurer - Justin Bunch PO Box 849 Highland City, FL 33846 (863) 425-1121 justin.bunch@cpsagu.com State Director – David McCullers 1000 Hwy 630 W Frostproof, FL 33843 (863) 635-3821 crookedlakeranch57@gmail. com Ray Clark 4484 Swindell Road Lakeland, FL 33810 (863) 640-0719 rclark@tampabay.rr.com Donald Conroy 3882 Wolfolk Rd Fort Meade, FL 33841 (863) 412-0790 Stuart Fitzgerald PO Box 1437 Lake Wales, FL 33859 (813) 478-8141 stuartcattlellc@yahoo.com Kevin Fussell 4523 Fussell Rd Polk City, FL 33868-9676 (863) 412-5876 David Hunt 9699 Alt Bab Pk Cut-Off Rd Bartow, FL 33830 (863) 287-1835 Dhunt285@aol.com Scott Shoupe 6130 Allen Lane Lakeland, FL 33811 (863) 581-7593 Scott_shoupe@hotmail.com Carlton Taylor 9875 Hancock Road Lakeland, FL 33810
(863) 858-1771 L2brangus@aol.com Dr. Lujean Waters 8750 Shreck Rd Bartow, FL 33830 (863) 537-1495 Lujean.waters@gmail.com Standing Committee Chairs: Membership Events- Kevin Fussell Trade Show- Bridget Stice Rodeo- Fred Waters PO Box 463 Alturas, FL 33820-0463 (863) 559-7808 Website – Adam Norman 2115 West Pipkin Rd Lakeland, FL 33811 (863) 944-9293 Adamnorman1977@gmail. com Cattlewomen – President, Missy Raney PO Box 453 Homeland, FL 33847 (863) 205-3977 Raney747@gmail.com Extension – Bridget Stice PO Box 9005, Drawer HS03 Bartow, FL 33831 (863) 519-1048 bccarlis@ufl.edu Sheriff’s Dept. – Lt. Paul Wright 1891 Jim Keen Blvd. Winter Haven, FL 33880 (863) 557-1741 pw5281@polksheriff.org Sgt. Tim Sanders 1891 Jim Keen Blvd. Winter Haven, FL 33880 (863) 656-6119 brusso@polksheriff.org Warner University – Casey Wingate 7155 Wauchula Rd Myakka City, FL 34251 (941) 600-5772 Casey.wingate@warner.edu
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Agvocating for Youth
by Payge Dupre We’ve made it to the end of 2020! Without a doubt, this year has brought it’s struggles, but our youth always prove to us that they can get through any challenge they face. The Polk County Youth Fair is next month. On January 4, whip popping entries are due. Scrap off entries are due January 8. All Family & Consumer Science entries are due January 17 – there are no paper entries being accepted this year, only online. January 19 is the non-perishable exhibit check in, with perishable exhibits and food preservation exhibits being checked in January 22 and cakes for auction to be checked in January 25. Market hogs will check in January 22. Horses, rabbits, and commercial heifers will check in Saturday, January 23 as well as the horse show. Sunday, January 24 will hold the market hog show and showmanship. Monday, January 25 will be dog check in, archery competition, horticulture check in, and goat tying contest as well as the Top Ranch Hand contest, rabbit showmanship, commercial heifer show/showmanship and the dog show. Tuesday, January 26 will be breeding goat check in, rabbits and commercial heifer release as well as the market hog sale, cake auction, and whip popping contest. Wednesday, January 27 will be Purebred beef check in, market steer check in, market goat check in, poultry and eggs check in, chili cook off, and poultry showmanship as well as the goat show and showmanship. Thursday, January 28 will be the Poultry & egg judging contest, rabbit skillathon, purebred beef show and showmanship and market steer show and showmanship. Friday, January 29, all those that have checked in on Wednesday will be released as well as the horticulture judging contest, livestock judging contest, plant sale, parade of champions, commercial heifer and steer sale. Things may have to look a little different this year, but still make sure you support our youth and future of agriculture
The Florida State Fair is also quickly approaching! There are lots of things to make sure you get done before this year’s fair, other than getting your animals ready. If you plan on competing in the Champion of Champions contests, make sure you have been studying your skillathon manuals, kept your record books up to date, and maybe even started on your poster. Make sure you have checked your particular species rules and schedule of events to get everything in on time. Remember that for this year only, they are accepting expired ethics codes, although it’s not a bad idea to renew anyway. Also, make sure you are aware of the updated rules and schedules due to Covid-19. Lots of things have changed to keep us all safe and healthy this year so that we can still have a successful fair. Again, even if we are in tough times, please know that our youth always appreciate any and all support. No matter the outcome of this years upcoming fairs, we always appreciate knowing that we are supported – even in the smallest ways! As we enter the new year, I thank all of you for following me on my journey into journalism this past year. I have enjoyed being able to advocate for the agriculture industry and our juniors and I hope to continue doing so! I would also like to wish everyone a safe, healthy, and happy new year!
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in any way that you can. This schedule is tentative and could change at any moment, please make sure you check social media platforms or contact committee members as we get closer to the fair to ensure the status of events is the same.
STAFF
Letter from the Editor
Publisher/Photography Karen Berry Senior Managing Editor/ Associate Publisher Sarah Holt Sales Karen Berry Sarah Holt Melissa Nichols Creative Director/Illustrator Juan Alvarez
Merry Christmas!!! It’s the most wonderful time of the year! Wrapping up 2020 will probably look a lot different than the usual Christmas celebration, but it can still be one for the ages. We will, hopefully, look back at 2020 and remember the lesson of “overcoming.” We learned to overcome obstacles that had never been in our path before. But here we are. Heading in to 2021 with a brand new attitude and the confidence that we can indeed tackle what life throws at us. As always, let us not forget the reason for the celebration this season. And there were shepherds living out in the fields nearby, keeping watch over their flocks at night. An angel of the Lord appeared to them, and the glory of the Lord shone around them, and they were terrified. But the angel said to them, “Do not be afraid. I bring you good news that will cause great joy for all the people. Today in the town of David a Savior has been born to you; he is the Messiah, the Lord. This will be a sign to you: You will find a baby wrapped in cloths and lying in a manger. NIV Luke 2:8-12 My wish for you in 2021? Aside from prosperity, it is my wish that we celebrate what we have in common with those around us more often than dwelling on our differences. “A generous person will prosper; whoever refreshes others will be refreshed.” –Proverbs 11:25
Photography Karen Berry Melissa Nichols Blair Buchanon Staff Writers Al Berry Sandy Kaster James Frankowiak Sean Green Ginny Mink Breanne Williams Anita Todd Contributing Writers Woody Gore John Dicks Social Media Victoria Saunders
As we celebrate this season of togetherness, however that looks for you this year, we’d like to wish you a Merry Christmas and Happy New Year from all of us at In The Field magazine. In The Field Magazine is published monthly and is available through local Polk County businesses, restaurants, and many local venues. It is also distributed by U.S. mail to a target market, which includes all of the Greenbelt Property owners, members of the Polk County Catllemen’s Association.
Sarah Holt The LORD make his face shine upon you and be gracious to you. - Numbers 6:25
Letters, comments and questions can be sent to P.O. Box 5377, Plant City, Florida 33563-0042 or you are welcome to email them to: info@inthefieldmagazine.com or call 813-759-6909 Advertisers warrant & represent the descriptions of their products advertised are true in all respects. In The Field Magazine assumes no responsibility for claims made by advertisers. All views expressed in all articles are those of the authors and not necessarily those of Berry Publications, Inc. Any use or duplication of material used in In the Field magazine is prohibited without written consent from Berry Publications, Inc.
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Published by Berry Publications, Inc.
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As we close out this year I must say it has been one none of us will forget. We have all experienced something we’ve never dealt with before with a nationwide shut down and a global pandemic. Although this year has been frustrating for many of us, especially small businesses, we have grown stronger together. In this time it became more visible than ever that this country and the world relies on US agriculture. The market seems to have steadied itself on prices. And they are higher than they were a few months ago but still lower than we would like to see them. Replacement bull sales are right around the corner, be watching for special sales at the markets statewide.
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Winter has officially arrived with most of Polk County experiencing a frost. With that we must remember when grass stops growing we must supplement sources of protein and nutrition. Whether you put tubs out or have lick tanks, nutrition and overall health is the key to success in the cattle industry. As with worming and vaccines a little goes
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a long way to help sustain cattle in winter. It’s not too late to plant a supplementary winter forage, such as rye grass, which can be relatively inexpensive to help cattle in winter. As a reminder, most of the markets are shut down for two weeks from Christmas until after the New Year. We hope that this holiday season brings you some togetherness with family, something that we have all missed this year, and that the new year brings much more normalcy than 2020 has. From all of us at the Polk County Cattlemen’s Association, Merry Christmas and Happy New Year.
Dave Tomkow Polk County Cattlemen’s Association President
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FROM THE SCIENTIFIC FIELD As an undergraduate student studying geomatics, Chris Kilroy has helped build a wave tank for coral. He ran a computer model to read drone images from a strawberry field. He has operated a robot named Thorvald to kill plant disease on a farm.
By J. Scott Angle
I made a promise to our undergraduates they’ll get opportunities like Chris’s. I hope that Hillsborough and Polk’s agricultural community might donate or offer students real-world experience on your farms and in your offices to help me keep that promise.
Chris found all these opportunities in Hillsborough County, and they’re your opportunities, too. The University of Florida’s Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences is educating your future employees while they’re undergraduates. According to a Brookings Institution analysis, 57 percent of the labor in agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting has the potential to be automated by 2030. So you’re going to need people who can work with robots like Thorvald. We’ve long been committed to opportunity for Hillsborough and Polk County through the UF/IFAS College of Agricultural and Life Sciences Plant City program we established nearly 20 years ago. It gives students who can’t or don’t want to move to Gainesville the opportunity to get a UF education in their own community. I intend to expand and enrich hands-on opportunities, because not all students pursue them like Chris does. I worry that some are passing up opportunity because of finances. That’s why I’ve made a public commitment to CALS undergraduates in Plant City and elsewhere that each of them will have a real opportunity to engage in at least one meaningful beyond-the-classroom experience during their CALS careers.
THE VICE PRESIDENT’S PROMISE
I call it the Vice President’s Promise. CALS Dean Elaine Turner and I launched this initiative in October to increase undergraduates’ access to research projects, internships, leadership conferences and study abroad. We want these to be opportunities that all students can afford. We’re raising money to defray the cost of outside-the-classroom learning–providing a stipend so a student can afford an unpaid internship, or covering travel costs for study abroad, for example. This is so important to me and my wife Kay that we have pledged $10,000 to start the initiative. I hope you’ll consider joining us as donors. Visit https://give.ifas.ufl.edu/VPPromise/ , email advancement@ifas.ufl.edu or call 352-392-1975. Chris came to us from Hillsborough Community College, whose aquaculture greenhouse is at the UF/IFAS Tropical Aquaculture Laboratory in Ruskin. That led to the wave tank work at the Florida Aquarium Center for Conservation in Apollo Beach under CALS faculty member Joshua Patterson. Plant City CALS faculty member Amr Abd-Elrahman offered Chris the opportunity to participate in research by analyzing drone imagery. Geomatics program specialist Katie Britt connected him to plant pathologist Natalia Peres at our Gulf Coast Research and Education Center to do the work using a robot to test the effectiveness of using ultraviolet light to kill fungus on strawberries. For employers, internships are an opportunity to audition future employees. Undergraduate research projects are opportunities for fresh eyes to take a look at the challenges you face in the field every day.
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Please continue to invite students to your ranch, farm or office as interns or visitors.
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Dr. Scott Angle, University of Florida vice president for agriculture and natural resources, is committed to providing experiential opportunities for undergraduate students in the areas of agriculture, life sciences and natural resources. By enriching existing programs in the UF/ Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences College of Agricultural and Life Sciences that are devoted to the holistic student experience, UF/IFAS fuels an unparalleled collegiate journey that stands above our academic peers and prepares students to be competitive in today’s workforce and society. With a personal commitment of $10,000, VP Angle has launched this initiative for UF/IFAS CALS. Opportunity, experience, leadership, and an unrivaled education—this is the VP Promise to CALS students. You can join VP Angle and CALS with your gift. Visit https://give.ifas.ufl.edu/VPPromise/ or call 352-392-1975.
Scott Angle is the University of Florida’s Vice President for Agriculture and Natural Resources and leader of the UF Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS). WWW.INTHEFIELDMAGAZINE.COM
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CONFESSION OF A RANCHER’S DAUGHTER
By Marisol Tarango Sounds are very important when living on a ranch; they can indicate a number of things. Sometimes sounds mean trouble, sometimes sounds mean a reason to celebrate. Hearing only silence can mean all is well, but it can also mean that catastrophe is near. Since the rancher’s daughter works with animals on a daily basis, who don’t speak English, she is quick to pay attention to sounds that most people would block out as background noise.
CONFESSION #18: Sometimes sounds mean more than words.
had learned to drive a stick in my dad’s diesel truck and could always tell the perfect time to shift because I could hear the engine whine, but when driving a gas truck, I had to rely solely on the RPMs. The everyday sounds on the ranch can indicate peace or chaos. When the dogs bark at night its always worth poking your head out the back door to see what is going on. It could just be an armadillo rooting in front of the dog pens, but it could also mean that a dog got loose and is chasing the goats or horse is out. (Nothing gets your adrenaline going like a dash into pitch black to catch loose horses before the stud starts fighting). The scream of the wire when a horse has its foot caught or the creak of breaking wood when a cow is trying to jump out of the pens can be the worst sounds on the ranch. While some sounds can make your heart stop, other sounds bring instant relief to your anxiety, like when the tractor starts after daddy has been working on it all day or the bleating of a baby goat that everyone was afraid wouldn’t make it. When the horses are all at their troughs licking up their feed and the dogs are crunching the last of their food, that is probably the briefest, yet fullest, moment of peace that can be heard on a ranch.
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In the city, sound is so constant that people tune it out and go about their daily lives without another thought. A sound has to be excessively loud for someone in the city to notice. On the ranch, it is another story. Most of the background noise is the wind and the cicadas, and maybe the hum of the refrigerator. Sometimes it is so quiet that we turn the radio on just to create some sort of noise to fill the empty spaces of our brains. Since things are generally quieter on the ranch, your city relations might think you are a bit jumpy when you are the only one concerned about the sirens that just went by. It’s not that you are jumpy though; it’s just that with the scarcity of noise on the ranch, sounds usually mean that something is happening that Some sounds become a soothing comfort like the lowing of cattle, the wind running its fingers through the grass, or the needs attention. lullaby of the truck’s engine and the radio as you travel home When we have company at our house, they are often im- from a day of hard work. Some sounds strike fear in your heart pressed when one of us says “Daddy’s home!” without seeing like the sound of your mom’s car in the yard when you realize his truck in the yard. When cars do not often come up your you forgot to hang out the laundry. Some sounds will always driveway, a diesel truck can seem pretty loud, even when it is be an annoyance, the washing machine beeping or that one half a mile away. Growing up on the ranch, our listening skills dog that Just. Won’t. Stop. Barking. Some sounds will always reached the point where we could tell whose truck was coming be pictures in your mind; the radio on in daddy’s truck and the up the driveway by the way the engine sounded (each grandpa hoof beats of the horse he is training in the round pen, or the and uncle had a different model truck that sounded slightly dif- water running while your mom is standing at the sink washing ferent). It was kind of frustrating to us kids when people came dishes. over and their cars did not make any sound. Another frustrating thing about cars that did not make sounds was trying to Sounds can mean more than words because they carry an undrive a manual truck or car that did not have a diesel engine. I defined meaning with a range of emotions, yet our hearts know precisely what they are saying.
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Tampa Bay Fishing Report January 2021 Capt. Woody Gore
Here it is, almost January 2021, how fast the years come and go. As we get further into winter, anglers can expect some colder weather, which means the snook have moved into their winter haunts. Sometime after the first cold snap, they begin transitioning into rivers, creeks, deep estuaries, or anywhere holding warmer waters. Many other species also dislike cold water, so be on the lookout for just about anything when targeting those wintertime snooks. Remember, the tides also play an essential role in wintertime fishing, and like the warmer times, moving water forces bait to swim, making easy targets for hungry fish. The first of an incoming or outgoing tide usually produces the best results. So, try planning your trips around tidal movements, but keep in mind not everyone has this luxury. So, whenever you get an opportunity to go fishing, load up the tackle, and go. The same area producing Snook and Redfish also produce Trout. Look for hard sandy or rocky, broken bottom grass flats with plenty of potholes and mangroves. The following areas are the excellent starting points for fishing: Picnic Island, Simmons Park, Bishop Harbor, Joe Island Weedon Island, Fourth Street, Cypress Flats, Rocky Point, and Double Branch Creek.
Snook: Artificial lures do well during the
winter, but also plan on fishing deeper waters. Remember, wintertime fish move into deep waters seeking those warmer muddy bottoms. There is nothing as exciting as fishing topwater lures. Topwater enthusiast finds the strike anticipation is loads of fun, even during the winter. But keep in mind, topwater lures seem to work better on warmer surface water temperatures. Good choices for winter artificial’s include sinking or suspending lures and soft plastics with a 1/8 oz. Jig head always produces. However, if live bait is your game, shrimp always entice a bite.
mangrove shorelines usually hold feeding redfish. Here again, artificial’s still work for redfish during the winter. And for us, diehard topwater anglers, it’s hard to resist a surface walking MirrOlure (MirrOdine) or a (Top Dog Jr.) And for all the
live baiter’s, try using greenbacks (if you can find them), or shrimp, dollar size pinfish, cut-bait, and plenty of wintertime patience should do the trick.
Spotted Sea Trout action has been
steady this year. But it should go on the upswing with wintertime’s cooler water temperatures. Trout fishing seems to better on strong tides around deep-water flats for the best trout bite. The best baits are shrimp, pinfish, and greenbacks. Deeper flats, moving water, and a popper type float prove deadly in catching nice fish. Especially when rigged with either live or DOA artificial shrimp. Don’t forget to try casting soft plastic paddle tails rigged on a 1/8 or 3/8 oz. Jig head then bounce it off the bottom during the retrieve. Remember, the bite always comes as the baits begin falling, so don’t be surprised to have a fish on as your lure hits the water. The same area producing Snook and Redfish also produce Trout. Look for hard sandy or rocky, broken bottom grass flats with plenty of potholes and mangrove shorelines. The following areas are the best starting points: Picnic Island, Simmons Park, Bishop Harbor, Joe Island Weedon Island, Fourth Street, Cypress Flats, Rocky Point, and Double Branch Creek.
Cobia: Don’t be surprised to see one fol-
Redfish typically stay relatively active
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because the cooler water doesn’t affect them like it does snook. Broken bottom grass flats, submerged oyster bars and
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lowing larger stingrays and Manatees. As we get deeper into the winter months, you should see them around the hot water discharges of power plants. Sharks also frequent the warm water discharges this time of year, so don’t be surprised when you catch one while targeting Cobia around the power plants. WWW.INTHEFIELDMAGAZINE.COM
“Give Me a Call & Let’s Go Fishing”
813-477-3814
Capt. Woody Gore operates Tampa Bay’s #1 Outdoor Fishing Guide Services. Guiding and fishing Tampa, St. Petersburg, and Clearwater areas for over fifty years, he offers first-class customer service, family-oriented charters, and a lifetime of memories.
Visit his website at www.captainwoodygore.com or send an email to fishing@captainwoodygore. com or give him a call at 813-477-3814. Member: FOWA-Florida Outdoor Writers Assoc., MemberSEOPA Southeastern Outdoor Press Assoc. CEO/Pres. Sport-Fishing Unlimited & Outdoor Communications, Outdoor Writer & Speaker
Sheepshead will show up everywhere during the winter spawning months. Try fishing for these great fighters around markers, bridge fenders, docks, or practically any type of structure. Shrimp and fiddler and small rock crabs always produce.
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Winter Watering Anne Yasalonis UF/IFAS Extension Polk County
During the winter months it is important to change the way we irrigate our lawns and landscapes. Even though you may not notice, many plants (including your lawn), will become semidormant. When temperatures are cool, plant growth is limited and irrigation frequency should change. Irrigation controllers can be turned off at this time of year or you can create a new schedule so that your irrigation does not run as frequently (one irrigation event, every other week, is a good general rule). If you are not sure when to water in the winter, your plants will let you know, you just have to learn how to read the signs. When it comes to watering your plant material, look for signs of stress before watering. Wilting leaves are the best indicator. If you notice wilting leaves, water at the end of the day or the next morning. This serves as a good guide if you decide to turn off your irrigation controller and run it manually. The height that you mow your lawn is directly related with how much water your grass will need. Mow your grass high and cut no more than 1/3 of the grass blades at each mowing. This practice encourages a much deeper and stronger root system. Also remember to give your lawn a break in the winter. In the winter, lawns do not need weekly mowing and even in Florida lawns go semi-dormant and need much less water.
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When watering with a sprinkler system, the most efficient systems are microirrigation systems. These systems are easy to install and to maintain. The cooler winter months are a good time to get out into the yard and start retrofitting your landscape beds to microirrigation. By choosing and maintaining systems correctly, you can reduce your water bills, fungal diseases, and maintenance requirements.
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Here are some helpful handouts: Part-Time Resident’s Water Conservation Checklist: https:// tinyurl.com/y59sgegw Watering Your Home Lawn: https://tinyurl.com/y6moczeg Lawns in Florida (lots of information!): https://sfyl.ifas.ufl.edu/ wakulla/lawn--garden/lawns/ For more information, contact UF/IFAS Extension Polk County at (863) 519-1041 or visit us online at http://sfyl.ifas.ufl.edu/ polk. The Plant Clinic is open to phone and email MondayFriday, 9:00 am-4:00 pm to answer your gardening and landscaping questions. Give us a call, or email us at polkmg@ifas. ufl.edu. If you are not in Polk County, Contact your local UF/IFAS Extension Master Gardener Volunteer Plant Clinic. The Florida Master Gardener Volunteer Program is a volunteer-driven program that benefits UF/IFAS Extension and the citizens of Florida. The program extends the vision of the University of Florida/Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, all the while protecting and sustaining natural resources and environmental systems, enhancing the development of human resources, and improving the quality of human life through the development of knowledge in agricultural, human and natural resources and making that knowledge accessible. An Equal Opportunity Institution. WWW.INTHEFIELDMAGAZINE.COM
White Strawberry AMONG TWO NEW VARIETIES RELEASED BY UF/IFAS By Jim Frankowiak
A white strawberry – the first white strawberry to go to market in the U.S. -- is one of two new varieties released by the University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS). The other red cultivar has noteworthy taste, according to Vance Whitaker, associate professor of horticultural sciences and a strawberry breeder at the UF/IFAS Gulf Coast Research and Education Center (GCREC). Neither variety has yet been named. The white strawberry, which smells somewhat like a pineapple, is FL 16.78-109 and the red berry is FL 16.30128. “Because the white strawberry is being test-marketed this year, there has been a lot of interest in it,” said Whitaker, who noted a grower told him that some chefs like the new fruit. “The flavor is very
Whitaker emphasized the consistently even red color and conical shape of the new red variety makes the fruit more attractive. “The new red strawberry is notable for its outstanding flavor,” he said. “Because of its high sugar level, it tastes somewhat similar to another UF/IFAS variety called Sensation®, which is currently one of the leading varieties in Florida, yet with a more intense flavor due to the fruit’s higher acid content.” Both varieties are anticipated to be grown commercially during the 2021-2022 season. INTHEFIELD MAGAZINE
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different from a typical strawberry, sweet but with a pineapple-like aroma,” he said, noting that when the white berry is ripe and ready to eat, it is white inside and out with a slight pink blush on the skin and red seeds.
UF RESEARCHERS ACHIEVE MILESTONE Toward Development of Citrus-Greening-Resistant Tree By Jim Frankowiak
University of Florida scientists have achieved a major milestone in their quest to develop a citrus greening-resistant tree by sequencing the genome of a fruit plant that is a close cousin to citrus trees.
ous studies on citrus greening also played a very important role in finding candidate genes for citrus greening tolerance, citrus tristeza vice resistance and other important characteristics.” His team also included Dongliang Du and Qibin Yu.
The sequencing, assembly and analysis of the trifoliate orange genome resulted from collaborations among researchers at the University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Science (UF/IFAS) Gulf Coast Research and Education Center (GCREC), Gmitter laboratory at the UF/IFAS Citrus Research and Education Center (CREC), Rokhsar laboratory at the University of California at Berkeley and scientists Dr. Shengqiang Shu and Dr. Albert Wu at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Joint Genome Institute (JGI). UF’s Interdisciplinary Center for Biotechnology Research (CBR) did a portion of the genome sequencing for the collaborative team effort.
Going forward, Dr. Gmitter is leading a project to sequence more citrus genomes for the citrus research community and for developing citrus greening-resistant cultivars. Dr. Deng is taking a close look at some of the orange and trifoliate orange genes that are likely involved in citrus greening resistance or susceptibility. “The goal is to confirm their involvement and modify them for citrus greening resistance,” said Deng. Both Deng and Gmitter laboratory teams are using the available genome sequences to design gene/genome editing constructs to knock down or cut out those genes that make orange trees susceptible or sensitive to citrus greening and other bacterial diseases and to develop a new generation of citrus varieties that can fend off these damaging diseases. “At this time, it is hard to predict when citrus trees with edited genomes will become commercially available,” said Deng. “One thing is certain, that is, we are much closer to that day than before.”
Research scientists now believe they have found the genes to lay the groundwork to make citrus more tolerant and potentially resistant to certain diseases, including citrus greening. “Trifoliate orange and its hybrids have genes that can confer high tolerance to citrus greening and resistance to the Asian citrus psyllid, the insect that transmits greening to citrus,” said Dr. Zhanao Deng, an environmental horticulture professor and senior author of the new UF/IFAS-led study. “This genome can be used as a reference template to sequence widely used trifoliate orange hybrid rootstock varieties. “Former postdoctoral researcher, Ze Peng, played a critical role in completing this project,” said Deng. “He conducted an extensive analysis of the trifoliate orange genome, uncovered unique features of the genome, discovered candidate genes for citrus greening tolerance and other important characteristics and drafted and finalized the research article.” Other GCREC postdoc researchers who participated in this project include Nidhi Ravat, Saroj Parajuli and Qian You.
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Dr. Fred Gmitter of the CREC “played a critical role in the whole project,” said Deng. “As the coordinator of the international team that sequenced the first citrus genome, he is richly experienced with citrus genome sequencing and guided the completion of this project. His connections with Rokhsar and JCI scientists persuaded them to take this project. His laboratory also used a special new technology that allowed polishing of the trifoliate orange genome assembly, which could be compared to proof-reading a huge encyclopedia. His previ-
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Scientists have produced grapefruit plants with edited genomes and some of them have shown resistance to citrus canker diseases. “We are testing these plants for resistance to citrus greening,” noted Deng. “CREC researchers have produced citrus plants with edited genomes. Some of them showed resistance to citrus canker and these plants are also being tested for citrus greening resistance.” Funding for this project came from grants from the Citrus Research and Development Foundation (CRDF) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Citrus Disease Research and Extension (CDRE) Program. “Shortly after our study was released, multiple researchers contacted us, eager to access and use the trifoliate orange genome sequence,” said Deng. “The citrus research community has been really excited at the availability of this high quality genome sequence. We believe that this new resource will be very valuable for us fighting against the devastation of citrus greening and other disease and for developing new citrus scion and rootstock varieties for the Florida and U.S. citrus industry.” WWW.INTHEFIELDMAGAZINE.COM
The Fair Will Go On:
A Letter from the President In these strange times with COVID 19 making changes in all our lives, the Board of Directors for the Polk County youth Fair are working to keep the Youth Fair on schedule with some changes for the health and safety of all the exhibitors. To this end we are instituting many changes in the activities in the fair and want you to be aware of them in advance. On of the biggest changes has to do with controlling the numbers to allow for minimum exposure and social distancing. Our indoor Hayman Arena has had a County set maximum of 280 spectator limit. To meet this requirement and to allow our exhibitors to have family in attendance, our shows are being broken into small sections and each exhibitor will be given wristbands to give to family and friends. Wristbands and temperatures will be checked at the door for entry and the arena will be emptied and disinfected between each show time. Masks will be required by ALL in attendance and exhibitors. For those who are not able to get a wristband for the shows, we don’t want them to miss out on the events. PGTV will be live-streaming all our indoor and some of the outdoor events this year with upgraded coverage that was provided last year. We STRONGLY ask that the general public and especially those who may have health concerns or who are not feeling well to watch the Youth Fair from the comfort of their home. Please help us as we make these difficult decisions and changes by complying with regulations. Some other changes involve barn activities. The barns will be closed to the general public this year and only exhibitors (with the appropriate wristbands) and parents will be allowed inside the barn areas. Traffic patterns in the barns will be set up to minimize close contact and, in some cases, feeding times will be rotated to keep numbers in the bands at any one time down. Your individual committees will let exhibitors know the changes. Additionally, some events will be moving to the outside horse arena to allow them to continue. Ranch Hand Contest and the Whip Popping will be two of these scheduled at this time. Unfortunately, due to the nature of the events or registration numbers, some of our events are CANCELLED for this year. These include the Dog Show, Working Booths, and the FFA/4H Duding Events (Livestock, Rabbit, poultry and Horticulture). Our concession stand will not be operating this year but we are trying to get some Food Truck vendors to set up for the week.
Finally, the Sale Auctions will still take place on Tuesday and Friday with some changes. Entrance to the auctions will be limited to Registered Bidders and parents with wristbands. We ask the parents to exit after their exhibitors are done to make room for others. We are going to have an ONLINE BIDDING component for those who cannot attend in person due to health concerns or distance constraints. Again, we are going to be live-streaming these sales and encourage as many as possible to watch from home. Changes in schedules and events will be posted on the Youth Fair website at www.pcyf.net in late December/early January so please consult that for updates. We realize the time and investments the exhibitors have put into their projects and want them to finish the experience with the Fair as planned. We also want to keep everyone involved in the Polk County Youth Fair safe and healthy. So again we recommend that you watch the Youth Fair live streams from home this year and if you are not feeling well, definitely stay home and take care of yourself. Help us, the Youth Fair Board of Directors, to make this year’s Fair a success and not an event that causes issues for our exhibitors, parents, volunteers and the County. Paul Webb, President PCYF
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Growing Christmas trees provides a habitat for wildlife. Recycled trees have been used to make sand and soil erosion barriers and been placed in ponds for fish shelter. Christmas trees remove dust and pollen from the air. Artificial trees will last for six years in your home, but for centuries in a landfill. 59 percent of real Christmas trees harvested are recycled in community programs. An acre of Christmas trees provides for the daily oxygen requirements of 18 people. Christmas trees are grown in all 50 states including Hawaii and Alaska. Thomas Edison’s assistant, Edward Johnson, came up with the idea of electric lights for Christmas trees in 1882. Christmas tree lights were first mass produced in 1890.
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Elderly People Someone asked me what my favorite TV show was when I was growing up. I don’t remember, but I do remember my favorite radio program was “The Lone Ranger.” There were a number of things we didn’t have in my early years. We didn’t have fast food. We ate at home. My mother cooked three meals a day, and we sat down as a family, without cell phones, at the dining room table to eat. If I didn’t like what she put on my plate I was allowed to sit there until I did like it. Pizzas were not delivered to our house, but milk was! There was no such thing as a credit card. I never had a phone in my room. We were on a party line, and had to wait till the neighbor hung up to make a call. There were no movie ratings because all movies were clean and responsible for all ages. If you don’t believe me watch the re-runs of Gunsmoke, Wyatt Earp, and The Jackie Gleason shows. I remember when the headlight dimmer switch was on the floor of the car, and we used hand signals out the window when making a turn. I had a pant leg clip for my bicycle without a chain guard. No ten-speed bikes. Just one speed, and we had to pedal hard to get up hill. My mother used a Royal Crown bottle with holes in the stopper to shake water on the clothes as she was ironing. It always sat on the end of the ironing board. RC Colas were our favorite drink. We used it to wash down a Moon pie. Moon pies are still popular today. You can buy them at any Cracker Barrel store. I read where Bell Buckle, Tennessee has an annual “RCMoon Pie Festival” in the middle of June each year. This past year they featured, by popular demand, the return of synchronized wading, a 10K run and a Moon Pie eating contest. Men even compete for King Moon Pie, and the winner receives a cardboard crown. The Moon Pie parade features hundreds of locals all dressed up in their Moon Pie attire. For an “All-American” treat, there’s nothing like a Moon Pie and R.C. cola. Salley, South Carolina has a big event each year. Since 1966 they have put on a one-day event they call, “Salley Chitlin Strut Festival.” The Saturday after Thanksgiving the town is filled with the aroma of fried hog intestines (chittlerlings). It’s non-stop all day long with a beauty pageant. (Can you imagine being crowned “Miss Chitlin?”). There’s a dance, hog calling contest and a chittlin’ eating contest. You’ll enjoy the line up of country music, arts and crafts, a parade and carnival rides that rounds out the festivities.
Editor’s Note: This Rocking Chair Chatter was originally printed in the December 2015 issue
MOON PIES For something different you might want to attend the Tuna Tossing Festival in Port Lincoln, South Australia. In recent years, with the world tuna stocks collapsing, they use a fake fish made of polyurethane. The contest is much like the hammer toss in track and field. Each year, contestants in four categories hurl fish weighing up to 22 pounds as far as they can. The “Fiesta of the Near Death Experience” is really a strange one that is held every year on July 29th in Neves, a small town in Spain. The town’s population nearly doubles to 4,000 each year as people come to pay their respects to the ‘Saint of Death.’ The idea of this festival is to give thanks to those who have had a near death experience, and say thanks to the Saint after surviving a close brush with death during the past twelve months. A procession of family and friends of the ‘celebrants’ makes its way through the streets of the town, all appropriately dressed for the funeral. The idea is crazy enough, for the most part, but they also have to carry their ‘escapee’ in his or her own coffin. Pallbearers are made up of family members. This unconventional pilgrimage is led by the effigy of Santa Marta, which in biblical terms is the name of Martha, the sister of Lazarus who was brought back from the dead by Jesus. The Fiesta of Near Death Experiences is one that fits right into the mold of Spain’s eccentric celebrations – up there with goat throwing in Zamora or jumping over babies near Burgos, Spain. No one knows exactly when or how the unusual goat throwing Festival started, but it has been going on for generations. The story is told that one day a goat ended up in the local church bell tower, and when the bells went off the extremely startled goat leapt out the window of the bell tower. Today some town folks get under the tower holding a blanket to catch the goat. If you would like to partake in the festivities, make your way over to Northern Spain to watch a bound goat be tossed out of a church and caught in a tarp. It’ll make an interesting story at your next cocktail party. In closing lets make plans now to attend the “Road Kill Cook Off Festival” in Marlingon, West Virginia. Enjoy a pleasant day of tasting strange cuisine, shopping for local crafts, tasting home made wines and enjoying live entertainment.
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If you plan to attend the “Chittlin’ Strut Festival,” be sure to stand upwind from the cooker.
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FLorida
Pecans By Sandy Sun, M.S. Clinical Medicines, B.S. Nutrition Science Florida pecans are an important part of holiday desserts and dishes, but did you know that they are also good for your heart? Pecans, as well as many other nuts, are a nutritional powerhouse of vitamins, minerals, and heart-healthy compounds. They are a nutritious, satisfying snack, as they pack a healthy combination of protein, good fats, and fiber. They have a rich, buttery taste and are naturally sweet. The fat it does contain is the healthy monounsaturated type that lowers cholesterol levels and contributes to heart health. Florida pecans are generally harvested between October and early December, although they are available year-round. While our neighboring state, Georgia, is famous for its pecan production, Florida produces five to ten million pounds of pecans each year! Most of Florida’s pecan trees are found in the Panhandle and the north-central part of the state, but can be grown in all regions. However, in the southern portion of the state, this crop is not produced in high quantities because it requires colder, drier winters. Interestingly, one third of pecan acreage in Florida is native production, while the rest is comprised of newer, improved varieties. The pecan is native to North America and in the same family as English walnut, black walnut, and hickory.
NUTRITIONAL PROFILE Pecans are a great source of plant-based protein and healthy monounsaturated fat. Consumption of this type of good fat, as touted in the Mediterranean diet, has been shown to decrease total and LDL (bad) cholesterol and increase healthy HDL cholesterol. In fact, eating the fat provided by pecans increases the body’s absorption of nutrients from other vegetables. So toss some pecans into a salad or oatmeal for a boost in nutrition. According to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, one ounce of raw shelled pecans (28 g) contains 196 calories, 2.7 g protein, 20 g fat, 4 g carbohydrate, and 2.7 g of dietary fiber. It also provides 60% of the Daily Recommended Value (%DV) for manganese, 35% for copper, 15% for thiamine, 10% for zinc, 8% for magnesium, 6% for phosphorus, and other valuable nutrients, including the B vitamins, vitamin E, and selenium. A one ounce serving also provides you with 12 grams of healthy, monounsaturated fat that has been shown to be heart-healthy.
Thiamin Pecans are a good source of thiamin, also known as vitamin B1. One ounce provides 15% of your daily requirement for this B vitamin. This nutrient is involved in enzymatic reactions relating to energy production and is also essential for cognitive function. Thiamin is required for the synthesis of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter essential for memory.
Protein Protein is the second most abundant substance in the body after water and plays an important role on many levels. Fresh
Fiber Pecans contain a significant amount of dietary fiber, which can help lower cholesterol, assist with digestion, and prevent constipation. According to the American Institute for Cancer Research, a diet high in fiber may decrease the risk of several types of cancer including colon, rectum, breast, and pancreas. Fiber can also help maintain steady blood sugar levels and aid in weight control. Eating foods high in fiber, such as pecans, can help you feel fuller on fewer calories. Additionally, researchers have found that individuals who consume nuts do not absorb all of the calories contained in the nuts, which may also help with weight management in moderate quantities.
How to Select and Store Pecans are readily available in grocery stores as shelled and unshelled. If choosing unshelled pecans, look for ones that are heavy for their size and dry. Shelled pecans come as halves or pieces, raw or roasted, and salted or unsalted. Other varieties are glazed and flavored varieties of pecans in bags, single-serve pouches and resealable canisters. Additionally, you can purchase a variety of pecan-based products, such as pecan oil, pecan butter, pecan milk and pecan meal. Store shelled pecans in the refrigerator, not at room temperature, to protect their flavor because of the high oil content. They can be stored for up to six months in the refrigerator or one year in the freezer in a sealed plastic bag. Unshelled pecans can be stored in a cool, dry place for up to one year. Pecans do not need to be thawed before baking or cooking, but taste better at room temperature if consuming right away. Pecans are a buttery, nutty addition to anything from cereal, yogurt, salads, and ice cream. They are also delicious shelled and eaten out-of-hand. Here are some more ideas: • Puree for an alternative to peanut butter • Chop and toss with salad, oatmeal or cereal • Sprinkle on top of baked goods, breads, or cake before baking • Incorporate into ice cream, yogurt, or fruit salad • Mix with other nuts and dried fruit for an easy trail mix Savor healthy, nutty Florida pecans today. With its rich texture and versatile uses, the pecan is a healthy addition to any dish all year round.
SELECTED REFERENCES http://www.ipmcenters.org http://www.americanpecan.com http://www.florida-agriculture.com INTHEFIELD MAGAZINE
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Florida pecans are an excellent source of plant-based protein. Many important compounds in the body are comprised of protein, including antibodies that fight infection, hormones that control a variety of physiologic functions, and enzymes that increase the rate of chemical reactions in the body. Protein is also a major source of energy and required for the maintenance and repair of tissues.
By Ginny Mink
Ornamental Gardening in Florida The end of 2020 has arrived and there are a great many of us celebrating. What a year it has been! Of course, there’s certainly no guarantee that next year is looking any better, but we can be hopeful, right? So, as we hop on the Literary Time Machine for one last 2020 voyage, let’s do so with expectation and excitement about what will unfold both now and in the future. When we last journeyed, we had begun a chapter entitled Ornamental Fruit-Bearing Plants. As we try to get our hearts right for the festive season, perhaps we will allow ourselves to find joy in plants that provide, not just beautify. We’ll pick up with Mr. Torrey Simpson’s writing at the Cecropia palmata. He writes, “Trumpet tree of the Lower West Indies. A small tree with a single stem and awkward, horizontal branches, bearing immense, digitate leaves which are silvery beneath. The sexes are separate and both bear catkin-like blossoms, those of the female ripening into finger-like fruits in clusters, very sweet and palatable. They make striking trees for the edge of masses.”¹ According to the Useful Tropical Plants website, the fruit can be eaten raw or cooked and tastes a lot like figs. It is often used as a filling for cakes. The leaves and young buds are used medicinally along with various other parts of the tree. Supposedly, it is widely used in the Americas because it is considered to be: “…analgesic, antiasthmatic, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, cardiotonic, diuretic, emmenagogue, hypoglycaemic, hypotensive, mildly laxative and vasodilator.”² So, the trumpet tree, or snakewood tree (as it’s also known), might be a good addition especially if you are herbal remedy minded. Which leads us then to the Chrysophyllum cainito, “Star Apple, so called because when the fruit is cut across a dark star is shown in the center. A beautiful West Indian tree attaining a large size, with handsome, glossy, metallic green leaves whose under surfaces are clothed with shining, gold-brown hairs.”¹ We can only assume that the star apple is different than the star fruit.
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The Miami Fruit website does a better job of explaining the fruit which is very definitely different than star fruit. These are green or purple skinned and the skin is not edible. However, the pulp surrounding the seeds, which is sweet, white, and juicy is similar to an abiu.³ So, what in the world is an abiu? Dengarden tells us that the abiu was first introduced to the states in Florida but it didn’t do well here because we have frosts and droughts. Thusly, the author writes, why it grows much better in Hawaii.⁴ It looks interesting. But you can learn more about that on your own if you are further intrigued by fruit you never heard of!
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As a Florida man, it seems proper that Mr. Torrey Simpson would talk about citrus. He pens, “These trees have been celebrated for their beauty for ages and well do they deserve all praise. A vigorous grapefruit tree with its fine glossy leaves, almost breaking down under an enormous load of great yellow fruits is a thrilling sight, and it seems to be nature’s supreme effort in the way of production. The orange is almost equally handsome and a kumquat tree in full fruit is a charming thing. All the citrus are from the warmer parts of the Orient.”¹ Sadly, citrus in our state has had a rough go and no doubt Mr. Torrey Simpson would be quite dismayed. We’ll close this voyage with one of this author’s favorite fruit bearing trees here. “Eriobotria japonica, Loquat. A fine tree from Japan with large, handsome foliage which is more or less covered with wool above and below. It bears clusters of yellow, pear-shaped fruits which are deliciously sub-acid. Hardy in northern Florida and it does well quite generally.”¹ Loquats can make amazing jelly and even fruit tarts and pies if you are willing to do the work to get the small amount of fruit from each little yellow oval. This author has done so and thoroughly enjoyed the process and the results. In case you’ve never thought to cook with the loquats that grow in your yard this holiday might be a time to try it! So, as we zoom into 2021 from here, let’s keep our eyes focused on the good things that exist, including fruit trees, friends, and family. We will welcome you back aboard in January! Until then, happy gardening and Merry Christmas. Resources: ¹ Simpson, Charles T. (1926). Ornamental Gardening in Florida. Published by the Author; Little River, FL. Printed by J.J. Little and Ives Company, New York. (p. 216-217). ²Useful Tropical Plants. Cecropia Palmata. http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Cecropia+palmata ³Miami Fruit. Star Apple- Caimito (Cainito). https://miamifruit. org/products/star-apple-caimito ⁴Doan, Viet. (2019). Tropical Taste of Hawaii: The Amazing Abiu. Dengarden. https://dengarden.com/gardening/TropicalTaste-of-Hawaii-The-amazing-Abiu Photo Credits: Zona, Scott. (2018). Cecropia palmata. https://flic.kr/p/LpHC3Y Wicked Little Cake Company. (2010). Star apple like a purple persimmon. https://flic.kr/p/87uH3S PINKE. (2019). Loquat filled with fruit. In my garden. Mar. 2019. https://flic.kr/p/RBSERn
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BRIDGET STICE: BRIDGING THE GAP By Leslie Buchanon
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Our society has come a long way when it comes to feeding our families and the world. From the days of hunting and gathering forages, to today’s sophisticated technologies such as drones and GPS technologies, agriculture has long been recognized as one of the most challenging yet rewarding industries. Doing more with less is a way of life for many farmers and ranchers as they seek ways to increase yields and profits, all while being more efficient with their resources. George Washington was quoted to say, “I know of no pursuit in which more real and important services can be rendered to any country than by improving its agriculture, its breed of useful animals, and other branches of a husbandman’s care.” This sentiment still rings true today, but even with the many advances that have been made in technology, the basics of agriculture, as with all living things, remain the same, air, water, soil, and food.
Releasing phorid fly infected ants. Phorid flies are a biological control method for imported fire ants. available to the public. According to the University of Florida/ IFAS, “Operating as part of UF/IFAS, Extension serves each of the state’s 67 counties by providing information and conducting educational programs on issues such as sustainable agriculture, competitiveness in world markets, natural resource conservation, energy conservation, food safety, child and family development, consumer credit counseling, and youth development.” UF/IFAS Extension agents play a vital role in bridging the gap between the education and research being competed at UF and the public.
The importance of improving every aspect of agriculture has been recognized as far back as some of our earliest presidents. During this time in history, much of our society and economy were agriculturally based. With his signing of the Morrill Act of 1862, President Abraham Lincoln established the Land Grant college and university system. This piece of legislation granted 30,000 acres of public land to each state or territory with a focus at the higher education level. Although this piece of legislation has been reauthorized and amended over the years, legislators have retained its integrity with each modification.
This month we introduce you to a well-known Polk County Extension Agent whose knowledge and ability to disseminate even the most complex research is only matched by her humility and integrity. Bridget Stice, Polk County’s Livestock Extension Agent, started with a love and passion for the agriculture industry at a young age. Although she was not a 4-H or FFA member growing up, Bridget participated in many 4-H horse shows where she developed a love for livestock. After graduating high school Bridget began attending the University of Florida with intentions of becoming a veterinarian. She explained that it was through her coursework at UF that her professors introduced her to the multitude of career paths available within the agriculture industry. The more she learned about the beef cattle industry, the more she became fascinated with learning more about every aspect of the industry, which eventually led to her earning a Bachelor’s degree in Animal Science.
After the signing and a few modifications of the Morrill Act of 1862, the University of Florida’s Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) was born. This federal, state, and county partnership has a focus on three main components: Education, Research, and Extension. While education and research are extremely important parts of improving agriculture, extension is often an overlooked and underutilized resource
After graduating from college Bridget began working as a 4-H Youth Development and Livestock Extension Agent in Highlands County. Bridget remained at this position for two years before having the opportunity to return to her home county, Palm Beach County, where she began working on a Master’s Degree in Extension Education and Communication, while also working as a 4-H Youth Development and Live-
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Law Enforcement (LECALE) was born. The purpose of this certification program is to provide law enforcement officers classroom and hands-on educational opportunities including, “generally accepted livestock production practices, skills to discern acceptable animal well-being, and ability to apply acquired knowledge and skills in the field and during litigation proceedings.” Law enforcement officers have the opportunity to learn from some of the best in the livestock industry, including UF professors, IFAS County Extension agents, and fellow law enforcement officers. Law enforcement officers are able to demonstrate their knowledge and skills and earn LECALE certification at the end of the program.
stock Extension Agent. A few years later, Bridget relocated to Clay County where she served as the 4-H Youth Development and Livestock Extension agent. Finally, in 2007 Bridget was hired to serve as the Livestock Extension Agent for Polk County. With a combined 23 years of experience as an Extension Agent in the University of Florida’s IFAS Extension program, Bridget has worked her way up from an Extension Agent I and was recently promoted to Extension Agent IV. Of her promotion to Extension Agent IV, Nicole Walker, Director of Polk County’s UF/IFAS Extension Office, shared, “This is the highest rank possible for Extension agents and is comparable to full professor status for a tenured faculty member. She worked hard to get here and hasn’t slowed down, and has received recognition locally, statewide, and nationally for her work over the years as a livestock agent.” Bridget uses her role as a Livestock Extension Agent to continually learn and share with others through planning and educational programs. As a member of the South Florida Beef Forage Program, Bridget collaborates with Extension Agents throughout central and south Florida to enhance cattle and forage production through coordinated research and extension activities. For Polk County, Bridget has developed and currently implements the Managing Cattle Enterprises for Success Program. Each of the six seminars that comprise the program are beef cattle related and range in topics from pasture management, improving grazing capacity, to the Beef Quality Assurance program. The goal of the program is to help producers learn strategies and resources to help them maximize yields and productivity. As part of the South Florida Beef Forage Program, Bridget has served as chairman of the planning committee for the Alvin C. Warnick Beef Cattle Reproductive Management school since 2008. This school is held annually and serves as a resource to help producers better understand, implement, and improve herd management techniques. Bridget explains, “It is always a huge success and a capstone of the South Florida Beef Forage Program.” She goes on to say, “A silver lining to COVID has forced us to look at alternative ways of delivering educational material. We are considering offering the Beef Cattle Reproductive Management School in a hybrid format in the coming year. I think this will make the school more accessible to a greater number of people.”
In addition to her leadership in the community and the many educational programs she implements, Bridget serves as an educational resource and ex-officio member of the Board of Directors for the Polk County Cattlemen’s Association. She serves as a connection for PCCA members and non-members and shares research-based information with cattle producers throughout Polk County. Dave Tomkow, PCCA President, noted, “Bridget is the unsung hero of the industry. For the association she does all the minutes for our meeting and members know if they need anything at all they can go to her. She is an underutilized resource in our industry, too. Producers should pay more attention to the programs she puts on and participate in them. She puts a lot of hard work into them and shares information that is beneficial to all producers.” Bridget also plays a vital role in the annual planning and implementation of the Polk County Cattlemen’s Association’s annual Ranch Rodeo, which includes a trade show. Since 2008 Bridget has also led the Beef Cattle Station during AgriFest each year. Agri-Fest is a 10-day educational program where Polk County 4th grade teachers and students explore and interact with the various agricultural commodities that makeup Polk County’s agricultural industry. In her role as a Livestock Extension Agent, Bridget collects research-based information and data that is completed at the University of Florida, disseminates the research and data into layman’s terms, and then shares this knowledge with producers. Bridget performs ranch visits and shares the knowledge she has learned from UF on topics including but not limited to weed management, soil fertility, pasture management recommendation, nutrition management, and other techniques to help maximize grazing capacity. She also shares much information with producers and the public through emails about upcoming educational opportunities throughout the county and state. To set up a ranch visit or to be added to her email list, please email Bridget directly at bccarlis@ufl.edu.
In her continued quest to plan and host educational events for producers, Bridget felt it was important to include the ones who serve and protect not only the residents of Polk County, but the livestock as well, the Ag Law Enforcement officers. After implementing a very successful local educational program with our Polk County Sheriff’s Office Ag Unit, Bridget served on the committee that took the initiative to the state level where the Livestock Education and Certification for Ag INTHEFIELD MAGAZINE
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s e p i c e R Courtesy of the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services.
Chef Justin Timineri
Stuffed Florida Zucchini and Yellow Squash Parmesan
DIRECTIONS Cut off the stem side of the zucchini or yellow squash. Cut zucchini or yellow squash evenly in half lengthwise. Using a small spoon, scoop out the seeds from each half to create room to hold other ingredients. Preheat a large sauté pan over medium-high heat.
INGREDIENTS 2 medium-sized Florida zucchini or large yellow squash 1/2 cup ricotta cheese 1 ½ cups mozzarella cheese, shredded 1 cup marinara sauce (your favorite)
1/4 cup Parmesan cheese, grated 1/2 cup panko bread crumbs Olive oil for cooking 2 tablespoons fresh basil or 1 teaspoon dried Sea salt and fresh ground pepper to taste
Season the zucchini or yellow squash with salt and pepper.
Evenly sprinkle the breadcrumb topping mixture on top of the zucchini or yellow squash.
Place the zucchini or yellow squash skin side up in the sauté pan and cook for about 2 minutes on both sides. Remove from pan and place on a cookie sheet skin side down. Preheat the oven to 375 degrees. In a small mixing bowl, com-
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Preheat a medium-sized sauté pan over medium heat. Add 1 teaspoon of vegetable oil to the preheated pan. Add the corn kernels and diced peppers to the pan, and lightly season to taste with salt and pepper. Cook the corn mixture until the peppers and corn start to get slightly golden brown. Add the black beans and cumin to the corn mixture, stir ingredients to combine, and remove from heat. Place the corn mixture into a bowl. Let cool to room temperature or in a refrigerator until next step. To assemble quesadilla, lay out 4 tortillas on a flat, clean surface. Evenly distribute 1/4 cup of the shredded cheese on each tortilla. Next, evenly distribute the corn mixture on top of the
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Evenly distribute the ricotta cheese and marinara sauce on top of the zucchini or yellow squash. Top the yellow squash and zucchini with the shredded mozzarella cheese.
2 ears fresh Florida sweet corn, kernels cut off the cob 1 cup cooked black beans, drained and rinsed 1 cup Florida bell peppers (assorted colors), diced small
DIRECTIONS
Season ingredients to taste with salt and pepper, and stir to combine.
Add 1 teaspoon of olive oil to the preheated pan.
Ingredients
Florida Sweet Corn and Jack Cheese Quesadilla
bine panko bread crumbs, 1 tablespoon olive oil, chopped basil and Parmesan cheese.
Bake the stuffed zucchini or yellow squash for 10 minutes or until topping is golden brown and cheese is bubbly. Remove from oven and let cool slightly. Serve warm.
8 soft corn tortillas (6 inch) 2 cups jack cheese, shredded 1/4 cup fresh cilantro, chopped 1 teaspoon cumin Sea salt and fresh ground pepper to taste Vegetable oil for cooking cheese, and add even amounts of the fresh cilantro. Add the last 1/4 cup of cheese on top of the cilantro, and top each one with a tortilla. Lightly press each stuffed tortilla to make it flat. Preheat a medium-sized sauté pan over medium heat. Add 1 teaspoon of vegetable oil to the preheated pan. Cook each quesadilla for 2 to 4 minutes on each side or until golden brown and the cheese has melted. Remove the cooked quesadilla from the pan and repeat cooking process. Hold cooked quesadillas in a 300-degree oven until all are cooked. Slice the quesadillas like a pie and serve warm with fresh Florida salsa and guacamole. WWW.INTHEFIELDMAGAZINE.COM
USDA Grant to Provide Safe Food Production Methods to Underserved Farmers
By Jim Frankowiak The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Safety Outreach Program (FSOP) has awarded a $31,273 grant designed to produce and provide easy-to-access training in safe food production methods to underserved farmers. Faculty from the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) and Florida A&M are partnering to serve this audience with online programming that will support their viability and competitiveness in the marketplace. While Florida ranks fifth in the nation in the number of beginning farmers, these growers struggle to participate in educational workshops that can support their success and provided needed information on how to implement safe food production best practices into their operations. “It’s not for lack of interest,” said Michelle Danyluk, UF/IFAS professor of food science and human nutrition and one of the grant’s leaders. “Many small and beginning farmers often work off-farm to support their families and simply cannot afford the time to attend traditional day-long workshops.” The successful completion of this project is anticipated to generate more than 20 remote learning modules and eight, instructor-led webinar workshops. These remote learning experiences will give participants access to food safety training information important for their own understanding and for use in training employees and other farm workers. Specific topics include:
The CREC Extension events website https://crec.ifas.ufl.edu/ extension/events/ ; The FSHN Extension events website https://fshn.ifas.ufl.edu/extension/extension-events--news/ and The Southern Center for Food Safety Training website https://sc.ifas.ufl.edu/ In the meantime, all growers are encouraged to attend a Produce Safety Alliance Grower Training. This course is one way to satisfy the training requirements in the FSMA Produce Safety Rule, is currently being highly subsidized by state departments of agriculture (around $25, compared to around $200 when not subsidized), and is being offered remotely. Courses in Florida and the Southern Region are listed on the websites above, and nationally and internationally at https://producesafetyalliance.cornell.edu/training/grower-training-courses/upcoming-grower-trainings/ INTHEFIELD MAGAZINE
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• Providing food safety training to employees • Food safety recordkeeping • Practicing food safety during harvesting • Evaluating surface water and distribution systems • Sanitation monitoring and verification Growers who would like to stay apprised of project progress are encouraged to join the available listserv by emailing either Katelynn Stull (k.stull@ufl.edu) or Taylor Langford (taylorlangford@ufl.edu).They can also check the progress of this and our other ongoing produce safety extension efforts on:
By Grady Judd, Polk County Sheriff
KEEP POLK BEAUTIFUL
I’m a big fan of keeping Polk County the beautiful place in which I have lived my entire life, and we all need to do what we can so it stays that way long after we’re gone. Here’s one of the many things we are doing at the Sheriff’s Office to help this mission.
agency plans to continue and expand for the foreseeable future.
Our Department of Detention oversees an Inmate Work Program comprised of individuals who have been sentenced by the courts to complete a specified number of hours cleaningup and performing maintenance type tasks throughout Polk County. These individuals agree, through the court system, to participate in this program in lieu of completing their sentence through incarceration within jail.
Property owners are the first line of defense, and are encouraged to “patrol” their own property frequently. Look for downed fences, pay attention to suspicious vehicle which travel in and around your groves and farms. If you see something, then say something.
Historically, the Inmate Work Program was a weekend program. However, in 2004, the program was expanded to include weekdays. Inmates pay a fee to participate in the program, and these fees offset the cost of the program. This saves taxpayers the cost of housing these inmates in detention facilities, and provides thousands’ of hours of free labor to assist in beautification and maintenance projects for county and city facilities, schools, and parks.
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During the 2018/2019 Fiscal Year alone, inmates completed 218,850 labor hours – equating to a cost-savings of approximately $2.1 million tax dollars. Additionally, so far this year, the Inmate Work Program participants have collected 24,235 bags of garbage and properly disposed of 5,166 tires along 783 miles of Polk County roadways. This is a program our
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But this isn’t the only way to keep Polk County beautiful – you can help, too.
And, be sure to properly dispose of refuse. If you hire someone to remove debris from your property, ensure you know who these people are and that they will properly dispose of the refuse. Deputies investigating illegal dumping cases attempt to locate the original owner using identification found in the debris, so be sure whomever you hire knows where the Polk County Landfill is located. And if you aren’t sure of how to dispose of refuse, contact the Polk County Sheriff’s Office and request to speak to an Environmental Crimes deputy at 863.298.7205. The Polk County Landfill, located 7425 de Castro Road, Winter Haven is open Monday through Friday from 7:00 am until 5:00 pm. On Saturdays the Landfill closes at 12:30 pm. For more information about the Polk County Landfill, please visit https://www.polk-county.net/waste-and-recycling/landfill. WWW.INTHEFIELDMAGAZINE.COM
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Faith and A Family Owned Business By Libby Hopkins
Ridge Island Groves is a family-owned and operated business located in the heart of Central Florida. “We provide the ‘Freshest Florida Citrus’ to anyone in the United States,” said owner Archie Ritch. “Our fruit is hand-picked, packed and shipped directly from our groves to you or your family and friends. For our local customers we provide fresh citrus, fresh produce, marmalade's, honey, jelly, and don't forget about our fresh squeezed orange juice. We squeeze three different types of juice. “Regular orange juice, tangerine juice and grapefruit juice.” Ritch and his wife started working at Ridge Island Groves in 1992 and took ownership of the business in 1994. “We raised our three children here picking, washing and packing fruit, as well as making orange juice,” Ritch said. “We are a Christian owned and operated business, where the KJV Bible is our guide. We are Bible believing Christians and the Bible is our final authority in all matters of faith and practice.”
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Over the years, there have been a lot of changes in the citrus industry, from canker to hurricanes but the most damaging of them all has been citrus greening or HLB. “We have seen so many places go out of business due to the effects of greening, so we began to diversify,” Ritch said. “We now grow peaches and blueberries and raise our own grass fed beef, but probably the biggest addition was our orange dream ice cream as well as our soft serve blueberry and peach.”
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If you ask Ritch what makes Ridge Island Groves different from other orange groves in the area, he’ll tell you it’s one of the last you-pick groves around. “We are one of the last places you can come and pick your own oranges, peaches or blueberries,” Ritch said. “We also offer grove tours that are very informative daily from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. If you come to our Haines City location, we will show you around the groves. Each person can pick an orange right off the tree. For years we could never understand why someone would want to pick their own fruit, but after doing some traveling we figured out that we were the same way when it came to apples up north, or say peaches in Georgia. On our grove tour you'll not only see the groves but you will get to see a little bit of everything we do.” The recent COVID pandemic did have an affect on the grove. “The shut down definitely affected us in March, but it wasn't long after that people began to look for outdoor businesses as well as fresh squeezed orange juice,” Ritch said. “At Ridge
Island Groves, we take pride in sending out Florida's best citrus to you or your loved ones. Our citrus is hand picked, washed, waxed, and hand packed with you in mind. Since we began shipping fruit in 1992, it has always been about quality. We want the recipient, whomever it may be, to get the best we have.” Keeping things local is every important to Ritch and his family. “Buying local is how everything used to be done and it helps you to get to know your neighbors,” Ritch said. “Keeping things local is extremely important to us.” If you aren’t able to make it out to Ridge Island Groves in person, you can still enjoy everything they have to offer through their website www.ridgeislandgroves.com. The website offers mixed citrus boxes, various citrus (when in season), jellies and raw, unfiltered orange blossom honey.
Ridge Island Groves is located at 6000 Polk City Road in Haines City. For more information check out their website or call 863-422-0333. INTHEFIELD MAGAZINE
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Good Tidings Of Great Joy! by John Dicks In this strange year of 2020, we have reached the season when we annually ponder and reflect upon the special scripture found in in the Gospel of Luke, noting that the “angel said unto them, Fear not: for, behold, I bring you good tidings of great joy, which shall be to all people.” It was, of course the angelic pronouncement and revelation of the birth of Jesus Christ. The world was dramatically changed those some two thousand and twenty years ago. Certainly it was for the better, and if we are wise, will continue to work for the betterment of us mortal earthlings. Ironic, perhaps, is that humanity is, in this season, in dire need of yet another dose of good tidings which will bring us great joy. Respectfully, I am referring in this instance to recent news regarding vaccine development to effectively eliminate the dreadful virus which has been wreaking havoc worldwide. The global warp speed efforts by brilliant medical professionals to produce preventative protocols in the form of a shot in the arm, perhaps saving millions of people worldwide, has been a dazzling phenomenon and an amazing thing to follow. Frankly, I consider it to be a wonderful blessing to have been bestowed upon us during this Christmas season. Consider the numbers. In our state alone, we have crossed that threshold mark of 1,000,000 Floridians to have been infected by COVID-19. With an estimated population of some 22 million, the numbers reflect that nearly 5% have caught the coronavirus. Not so long ago, during casual conversations, generally by phone, or sometimes while shielded by mask, I’d ask friends if they knew of anyone who had contracted the virus. At first, the response was a general one. Typically, they knew of someone who had a cousin, who lived near a neighbor, who had heard at work about someone who had caught it. Gradually, the news got a little closer to home. We began to learn of recent infections in some whose name we knew.
Now the news seems to flash like lightning; seemingly that all of us now know of someone, or more likely are very closely related to someone (if not themselves) who have suffered the malady. Dreadful it has been; even for those of us who have not been victims ourselves. Our lives have been disrupted, our families and friends have been separated through isolation; our holidays and celebrations have been put on hold; and our work and businesses have all suffered. We all so long for an end to this. Our hopes and dreams are for a return to normal; or at least what we remember as such. Stunning then, is the news that help is on the way. Developed so quickly and with an efficacy far greater than ever imagined, protective inoculations are being administered, reinforcing our battle against the international viral scourge. Pharmaceutical companies have been working nonstop, 24 hours a day, developing, producing and managing for widespread distribution the medicine, or vaccine, needed for our immunization. Granted that some have expressed concern, or even skepticism, about getting vaccinated. I have spoken with several who are adamant in their worries over something so new. I respect those thoughts and views, but heartedly disagree. I profess no knowledge nor special insight, but I do recognize that putting an end to this pandemic is something we all have been wanting and praying for. I have faith that this vaccine is the answer, and I am putting trust in the science that produced it, that it will protect us, our family, and friends. Our frontline healthcare providers are getting it. So, too, will our military members and law enforcement personnel. We can, at least, do our part as well. Frankly, it’s the patriotic thing to do. Have a wonderful Christmas; and let’s make it a great new year!
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John Dicks is both a Lawyer and Businessman, including an interest in farming. He and his family have owned a Blueberry Farm and have Agricultural lands which they lease for cattle operations, as John says, “to someone who knows and handles cattle much better than I do!”. John is both a Gator, having received his undergraduate degree from the University of Florida, and a Seminole, with his Law Degree from Florida State University. John serves as Of Counsel to Trinkle Redman, a law firm in Plant City where he also served nine years as City Commissioner, including three terms as Mayor.
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E n d a n g e r e d S p e c i es
Holiday Cheer:
THE OKALOOSA DARTER MAKES A COMEBACK By Ginny Mink
Let’s try to start this holiday season with some good news given the fact that 2020 has been rife with anything and everything but. Since we write about endangered species each month, it’s a great joy to discuss the Okaloosa Darter as it has been down graded from endangered to threatened! You might be wondering what an Okaloosa Darter is, and that’s ok, because that’s our job! This is a tiny fish that only grows to be about two inches long. They range in color from a redbrown to a green-yellow and have brown spots, five to eight, along the lateral surface of their bodies. Plus there’s a distinctive spot above the bottom of the pectoral fin.¹ This fish hangs out in woody debris and vegetation. And, is only known to reside in the margins of “six clear flowing streams in northwest Florida.”² In truth, more than 95% of its population is found on Eglin Air Force Base. In case you didn’t know, this is “one of the world’s largest conventional weapons testing facilities.”² The Okaloosa Darter was initially added to the endangered species list in 1973 because scientists discovered that the population was somewhere around 1500 fish. The streams that these fish live in drain into two Choctawhatchee Bay bayous located in Okaloosa and Walton Counties. Which is, of course, managed by Eglin Air Force Base. In fact, 97% of the Okaloosa Darter’s habitat is located there.³ These fish lack swim bladders to control their buoyancy so that makes them bottom dwellers. They eat mayfly nymphs, midge larvae, and caddisfly larvae. Their breeding season is between March and October though most activities along those lines happen in April and peak in October. Studies revealed that among 201 females only 29 eggs were mature even though they have about 79 to lay. The eggs stick to vegetation once the females release them and the orange banded males fertilize. Sexual maturity for females is reached at a little over an inch in length.¹ The United States Geological Survey (USGS) in partnership with Loyola University New Orleans have provided innovative research that has been part of the decision to downgrade the Okaloosa Darter from endangered to threatened. “Using innovative sampling and biometric techniques over the past two decades, researchers from USGS and Loyola University New Orleans used a combination of three-pass removal and point count observations with mask and snorkel to estimate the number of these 50-mm (2-inch) fish in six small stream systems.”² This revealed an estimated 500,000 fish in the six streams!²
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The USGS and Loyola University, are not the only groups working to ensure the survival of this species. In fact, Eglin Air Force Base has worked closely with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to restore the stream habitats. The natural resources managers at Eglin have managed to eliminate 98% of the erosion that was occurring at darter watersheds. That reduced the sediment amounts entering the clear streams and they removed the artificial impoundments to allow the streams’ connectivity to be restored. This created additional stream habitats for the Okaloosa Darter. Thereby, improving the population of the darters included there.³
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The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission believes that the biggest threat to the Okaloosa Darter is the introduction of the brown darter to its habitat. These fish are outcompeting the Okaloosa Darter for resources and food. Sedimentation, as discussed previously, was a real issue as well because it was covering the sites where the fish laid their eggs. While Eglin Air Force Base is committed to conservation of these fish, there is still a problem with off-base development and the use of land in the surrounding areas.¹ The techniques employed by the USGS and Loyola University for conservation purposes allowed them to track the life of the Okaloosa Darter, one of which lived to be 8 years old. This was a record for this genus. Other methods include using prescribed burns to open up stream canopies and learning more about the roles that beavers may be playing in modifying the habitat of the Okaloosa Darter. Obviously, there is still more research to be done, but these attempts have made great strides that could be applicable to other small stream fish.² The future is definitely looking brighter for these wee fish. Though there are still recovery actions to be met, it is highly likely that this fish will eventually be removed from the threatened list and restored to its natural numbers in the very near future. This is great news for a species that is so area specific and endemic to Florida. And as we tell you every month, it truly is our job to steward the earth we have been given by the Creator and that means taking care of all that He has created. There’s a reason He put the Okaloosa Darter in Florida! Resources: ¹Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. Okaloosa Darter Etheostoma okaloosae. https://myfwc.com/wildlifehabitats/profiles/freshwater/okaloosa-darter/ ²Jelks, Howard. Population Monitoring of the Federally Threatened Okaloosa Darter at Eglin Air Force Base. USGS. https:// www.usgs.gov/centers/wetland-and-aquatic-researchcenter-warc/science/population-monitoring-federallythreatened?qt-science_center_objects=0#qt-science_center_objects ³Leon, S., Seiber, S. & Tate, B. (2011). Recovery Success Stories| Okaloosa Darter. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. https://www. fws.gov/endangered/what-we-do/ep-08.html Photo Credits: Lang, Paul. (2011). US Fish and Wildlife Service. Rowan and a darter. https://flic.kr/p/9v5fbV Albanese, B. (2016). Ethestoma_tallapoosae_male_BA16-032 (Tallapoosa Darter). https://flic.kr/p/J9mvNy (not an Okaloosa Darter, but gives you an idea of what they look like).
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FLORIDA AG HALL OF FAME FOUNDATION
DISTRICT OFFERS SIX WAYS TO SAVE WATER AND MONEY DURING THE HOLIDAYS
OFFERING SCHOLARSHIPS The Florida Agricultural Hall of Fame Foundation is providing 10, $500 scholarships to graduating high school students. The scholarships will be announced at the Ag Hall of Fame banquet in February 2021. Eligible students must be enrolled in college or be a high school graduate of 2021 or earlier. Funds will be distributed upon proof of college enrollment. The scholarship application, which must be postmarked by January 11, 2021m can be accessed online at https://floridaaghalloffame.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/ scholarship-application-2021.
The Southwest Water Management District (District) is suggesting six ways to prepare for holiday meals and parties without running up your water bill. During the holidays, water plays a role in everything from food preparation to the clean-up process. Here’s how to incorporate water conservation into your holiday preparations: • Defrost frozen foods in the refrigerator or microwave instead of running hot water over them. • Rinse vegetables and fruits in a sink or pan filled with water instead of under running water. This water can then be reused to water houseplants. A running faucet can use up to four-gallons of water per minute. • When washing dishes by hand, fill one sink or basin with soapy water and fill the rinsing sink one-third to one-half full. Avoid letting the water run continuously in the rinsing sink. • Select the proper size pans for cooking. Large pans require more cooking water than may be necessary. • Scrape food scraps into the garbage can or a composting bin, rather than rinsing them into the sink’s garbage disposal. A garbage disposal uses up to 4.5-gallons of water per minute. • Run your dishwasher only when you have a full load. Dishwashers use between 7- and 12-gallons of water per load.
For more water conservation tips, visit the District’s website at WaterMatters.org/conservation. INTHEFIELD MAGAZINE
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ANaturally Closer Look Amazing
by Sean Green
Rainbow Scarab (Phanaeus vindex)
As we wind down the year, I find myself reflecting on the events that characterized 2020. I can’t help but think of the phrase “Hind sight is 2020,” and how many of us might be glad to see the year 2020 in hind sight. The world has suffered a pandemic, racial tension, social unrest, natural disasters, economic depression, and technology threats that have made it challenging to maintain focus on the beauty our world still provides. This month I’d like to share a little hope, a rainbow in the dark, an ancient gift that is still treasured today. I’d like to share with you the rainbow scarab (Phanaeus vindex). Scarab beetles in general have been highly revered for thousands of years. The scarab beetle is both an allegory and a living testament that beauty can emerge from even the most abhorrent existence if we just take a closer look.
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The rainbow scarab (Phanaeus vindex) is a North American dung beetle. It is a member of the scarab beetle family (Scarabaeidae); the same family as the black dung beetle (Scarabaeus sacer), the one famously depicted in ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics. Personally, I think our rainbow scarab is much more beautiful than the black scarab. Our rainbow scarab is one of the most colorful insects you will find. It has a yellow head, and the thorax is a blend of yellow, green, blue and red. The coolest part of their brilliant coloration is that it’s not simple pigment but rather a spectacular construct of the physics of light. The rainbow scab beetle has microscopic plate like structures
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called lamellae on its body that bend light in an interface pattern that results in reflected light waves interacting, and interfering with each other to produce a brilliant metallic sheen pattern on the insect. Different angles on the surface reflect different wavelengths that we perceive as the color reflected, ie: red, blue, green, or a combination of colors. As our viewing angle changes, so does the perceived color shift. Structural coloration is the technical term used to describe how the rainbow scarab gets its color. Butterflies and peacocks and hummingbirds are only a few examples of other animals that get their color by the same physics. The lamellate antennae of the scarab beetle are unique among beetles and distinguish the scarab beetle from others. The antennae are tipped with three plates that are folded like a paper fan and nested like a telescope so they can either form a club shape, expanded to a fan shape, or be withdrawn altogether. The male rainbow scarab has an impressive solid black horn that is used for sparing when other males threaten to compete for food or the companionship of female beetles. Dung is the main (and often only) food sources for the scarab beetle, there is a word for that and that word is coprophagous, literally meaning “Dung Eating.” Do not assume that these insects will deal with just anyone’s dung. Most dung beetles seem to prefer the dung of herbivores over that of carnivores; most likely because the nutritional content is higher. New research suggests that omnivore WWW.INTHEFIELDMAGAZINE.COM
dung is the most popular because it has the best of both worlds; nutrients from plant fibers and smell from meat in the diet that makes the dung easy to find. The rainbow scarab is among the few groups of insects that actively care for their young, this is comforting news considering how these babies are brought into this world. There are three basic nesting behaviors among the hundreds of species within the Phanaeus genus of dung beetle in North America. The “dwellers” live, nest, and feed inside the dung itself. The “rollers,” pillage the dung pat, rolling it up into a near perfect ball and move it away from the source to a remote nest. The rainbow scarab is in the third group, the “tunners” and dig tunnels under the dung pat to create brood chambers. Unlike many other species of dung beetle, the male and female rainbow scarab work together to excavate the soil and create a subterranean nest. The brood ball (dung ball) is made collaboratively by rolling up moist dung and coating the outside with a layer of soil to preserve the dung quality. The dung balls are rolled into a pear-shaped structure before being rolled into the brood chamber. This dung ball will be the only food source for the larvae. Once the dung ball is carefully placed within the chamber a single egg is laid on the pointy end of the dung ball and the female repeats the process, one dung ball for each egg until she has filled the chamber and has no more eggs to deposit. In addition to the brood chamber, the couple will excavate additional tunnels within the chamber for the storage of surplus dung balls that will be food for newly emerged or overwintering adults. Sometimes extra chambers are also created as shelter for adults.
such as cattle, sheep, and goat. Research has suggested that the nesting behavior of tunneling species, such as the rainbow scarab may serve as a biologic solution for the control of significant pest species such as the horn fly (Haematobia irritans) as the dung beetle has been observed outcompeting populations of horn fly (Bertone et al. 2004) If you happen to find a rainbow scarab before the end of the year, I hope you have the opportunity to take a closer look at its wonderful colors, but more importantly, reflect on the spiritual aspects of this humble creature as the ancient Egyptians have. This insect is a symbol of not only new life, but of a beautiful life that can be found everywhere. Happy Holidays.
All this excavating is admittedly a crappy job, but of the three nesting behaviors, the tunnel builders are highly valued as the most productive dung beetle for soil and livestock health. The tunneling process brings rich subsurface soil (solicasts) to the surface and more importantly, reduce the surface waste accumulation of ruminant livestock
With every generation,
we get better at protecting our environment. Reclamation ecologists like Ashlee work to return mined lands to productive use as wildlife habitats, public parks and more—so future generations can enjoy these lands for years to come.
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®
UF GIVEN 27,000 ACRES NEAR YEEHAW JUNTION; WILL SERVE AS LIVING CLASSROOM AND LABORATORY FOR STUDENTS AND FACULTY UNIVERSITY-WIDE
By Jim Frankowiak | Photos courtesy of UF Photographers The University of Florida has been given more than 27,000 rural acres near Yeehaw Junction in Florida’s Osceola County to protect one of the last natural areas of its kind and to serve as a living classroom and laboratory for students and faculty throughout the university. Elisabeth DeLuca made the contribution and it is among the largest gifts of real estate ever to a university in the United States. “Few things in this world are as precious — and threatened — as our untamed lands and the wild animals that live there,” DeLuca said. “We need to preserve what we can for the benefit of all of us. These acres are in good hands with the University of Florida, and it pleases me to know that UF will use them to learn more about our natural world and to train new generations of scientists and environmentalists.”
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The property — which includes cattle ranchlands, citrus groves, wetlands and forests — is one of the last refuges for the endangered Florida grasshopper sparrow and hosts many other state and federally listed species such as the Florida panther, gopher tortoise and the red-cockaded woodpecker. The property provides a critical nature corridor between the Kissimmee Prairie Preserve State Park and the Three Lakes Wildlife Management Area. The land is also a conservation focal area for the Everglades Headwaters National Wildlife Refuge and Conservation Area.
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In addition to protecting threatened wildlife, UF will use the property to, among other things: measure hunting’s impact on the ecosystem to control wild boars; determine how cattle grazing affects plants, insects and animals; teach land and forest management; study water storage and conservation; and conduct student and researcher fieldwork. The site is expected to host classes ranging from plant and soil sciences to entomology and wildlife ecology. The ranch provides a centralized location for Extension-related services as well as offering a unique natural classroom for students taking part in Florida 4-H. The UF Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) along with numerous colleges within the university will direct research on the property. Some of that research, scientists hope, will help land developers, conservationists and policymakers learn how to balance growth, agriculture and preservation around the state. University officials believe work done there will also create opportunities for community collaboration and large-scale research, which will set UF apart from its peer institutions. “Elisabeth DeLuca’s generous contribution of such a significant property is a gift to all Floridians and really, to people everywhere,” said UF President Kent Fuchs. “The preservation of this land and what it will enable our scholars to learn, teach and achieve will reverberate around the globe.” WWW.INTHEFIELDMAGAZINE.COM
In assuming ownership of the land, UF will maintain the current operational and revenue-generating activities taking place on the tract to ensure that it is financially self-sustaining. In addition to donating the land to UF, the donor has placed a conservation easement on the property and has selected Ducks Unlimited (DU), the world’s largest not-for-profit private organization dedicated to wetlands conservation, to be the recipient of this easement. In structuring the gift of land between UF and Duck’s Unlimited in this way, the donor has created conservation protections while still making it possible for important teaching, education, and research to take place. Together, UF and Ducks Unlimited will ensure that the land remains protected and sustainable for generations to come, officials said. “This Kissimmee Prairie landscape is in the Everglades headwaters, yet at the edge of central Florida’s tourism and development core and is now a permanently protected piece of the conservation puzzle,” said DU CEO Adam Putnam. “For generations to come, students and researchers will make new discoveries alongside migrating waterfowl, endangered red cockaded woodpeckers and grasshopper sparrows on this massive outdoor laboratory. Future ranchers, waterfowlers, nature lovers and wildlife scientists will be able to apply what they’ve read in textbooks to what they’re observing on the landscape, thanks to Elisabeth DeLuca. This partnership between the University of Florida and Ducks Unlimited benefits waterfowl, wildlife and millions of Floridians who value clean water and the protection of the natural landscape.”
large size will bring the university’s discovery and teaching to heights rarely reached in academic pursuits. “This gift is a precious piece of Florida that will become the premier living laboratory for natural resource management research and study,” said Angle. “UF/IFAS researchers and students will have unprecedented access to a pristine area of diverse habitats to benefit conservation efforts.”
J. Scott Angle, UF’s vice president for agriculture and natural resources, said the Yeehaw Junction land’s diversity and
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Southern Babies
By Libby Hopkins
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Melissa McClure was born and raised in Montgomery, Alabama. She moved to Polk County in 2017 for work. Even though she has no culinary training, she’s a mom who is very conscious of what she puts in the mouths of her children. “I just did a lot of research before I made my first jar of baby food,” McClure said. McClure started her organic baby food business, Southern Babies in June of 2020 because she wanted to give her newborn son healthier food options. “I started Southern Babies because when I was pregnant with my younger son after I learned of the heavy metals found in majority of the baby food in stores,” McClure said. “So, I started making all of my son’s food for him. Everything from his milk to his cereal and then my friends who had babies also wanted me to make some for their babies. One of my good friends said I should start selling it, thus Southern Babies was born.” There are many reasons to choose organic food for children, not only because of what it doesn’t contain, but also because of what it does. In general, it’s always a good idea to avoid foods that are high in added salt or artificial ingredients, particularly for babies and small children. As weaning marks the beginning of taste development, it’s best not to allow babies to get accustomed to poor quality, processed foods as it can easily become an ingrained habit for years or even a lifetime. Organic is also the smart choice for parents concerned about the presence of chemicals in their child’s food. These chemicals are hard for children’s bodies to process. Organic food, with 95 percent fewer chemicals than non-organic food,
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helps reduce the amount of toxins entering the body in the first place. “Southern Babies is different from other organic baby food producers because we are a Veteran owned and minority owned local business,” McClure said. “We also only used local produce vegetables and fruits so, everything is fresh.” McClure got into the Lakeland Downtown Farmers’ Curb Market after learning about Catapult Lakeland. “I got into the farmers’ market from research and through Catapult of Lakeland,” McClure said. “I like the fact that everyone at the farmers’ market is local and it’s just so good to see the faces in the community. I like that it at the farmers’ market because you get to interact with your customers and also to show the community that they have an organic baby food company right at their front door. The support from the community has been amazing.” Keeping things local is also very important to McClure. “It is very important to shop local, not only does it help grow our local community, but it also shows other entrepreneurs that the community will support them, “McClure said. “I source most of my ingredients locally. All of my fruits and vegetables are bought at my local farmers’ market such as Walker’s Produce, Aqua Organics and Eco Farms. They are all at the Lakeland farmers’ market on Saturdays and my other products are purchased at Greenwise Publix, like my flour. I also use Minuteman Lakeland for all my printing needs and other Lakeland small businesses whenever I can.” WWW.INTHEFIELDMAGAZINE.COM
McClure is extremely grateful for all the love and support the Lakeland community has given her. “I just want to thank the community for being so supportive of this and I am very grateful for the opportunity to help start their little one off to a healthy start,” McClure said. “We refuse to compromise on quality. That's why we source our fresh ingredients from local farmers' markets.” If you would like to learn more about the different baby foods Southern Babies offer, you can visit their website at www. southern-babies.com. You can also find Southern Babies at the Lakeland Downtown Farmers’ Curb Market every Saturday while the market is in season.
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2020
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Polk County Cattle Women
A
s this year comes to a close, I would like to take a moment to recognize the ladies behind the scenes of the Polk County Cattlewomen, our 2020 Executive Board is as follows: President – (myself) Missy McLaughlin-Raney, Vice President – Leslie Buchanon, Secretary – Teena Simpson, and Treasurer – Marcia Lightsey. A special shout out to past President Megan Atkinson, Beth Hunt, and Bridget Stice; I appreciate you ladies and all your help more than you know. We have had to improvise for much of this year, and I am so thankful to be a part of an organization that maintains a positive attitude. I am proud to announce that we recently elected our 2021 Executive Board members, and they are as follows: President – Leslie Buchanon, Vice President – Blair Buchanon, Secretary – Teena Simpson, and Treasurer – Marcia Lightsey. Thank you ladies for stepping up to educate and promote the public on the benefits of the Beef Cattle Industry. PCCW are proud to announce that despite all of the postponements and cancellations we were still able to provide our annual Scholarships and awards to very worthy recipients. The winners will be presented a certificate at our annual Christmas brunch. Congratulations ladies! The awards and recipients are as follows:
to the link below: https://www.wreathesacrossamerica.org/ pages/166101/overview/?relatedId=15641 UPCOMING EVENTS: Dec 4 – FCA Quarterly Board of Directors meeting in Sebring Dec 5th – FCA Fall Ranch Tour – Kempfer Cattle Company in St. Cloud Dec 19 – Wreaths Across America Jan 26 – 30 - Polk County Youth Fair Feb 20 – FCA Ranch Rodeo & Allied Trade Show As always, PCCW welcome new members. If you are interested in joining, We would love to see new faces. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact me, #863-205-3977. Thank you, Merry Christmas and Happy New Year
Missy McLaughlin-Raney Polk County Cattlewomen President
Peyton Chandley – 2020 PCYF Premium Award Blair Buchanon – PCCW UF Plant City Scholarship Molly Ann Jones – PCCW Warner University Scholarship Brianne Pueschell – PCCW Academic Scholarship The PCCW participated in the Hope Children’s Home gift giving this year, in conjunction with the Florida Cattlewomen. FCA annually donate Beef Certificates, and gifts to the Children in the home. The Beef certificates can be used throughout the year, not just at Christmas. We will be participating in the “Wreathes Across American” where, as a special remembrance for their service, we will be placing wreathes on the headstones of our fallen soldiers and veterans at several National cemeteries’ across Florida. If you are interested in becoming a sponsor for this event please go
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