Multiplication Learning objective We are learning to: • develop efficient mental methods using multiplication and division facts (for example, using 3 × 4 = 12, 12 ÷ 3 = 4 and 4 = 12 ÷ 3) to derive related facts (for example, 30 × 4 = 120, 120 ÷ 3 = 40 and 30 = 120 ÷ 4).
What pupils already know • Pupils are secure with recalling and using multiplication and division facts for the 2, 5 and 10 multiplication tables, including recognising odd and even numbers. • They can calculate mathematical statements for multiplication and division within the multiplication tables and write them using the multiplication (×), division (÷) and equals (=) signs.
Key vocabulary multiplication, division, place value, related facts
Teaching notes • • • •
Practise the times tables that pupils already know using a range of games, e.g. times table bingo, ping pong. Focus on teaching multiplication and division facts for 3, 4 and 8 multiplication. Use arrays to show how multiplication facts can be presented in two ways (see right): Also establish the division facts that correspond with these multiplication facts: 8 × 3 = 24 3 × 8 = 24
24 ÷ 3 = 8 24 ÷ 8 = 3
• Extend to show pupils that we can use these known facts to help multiply bigger numbers. For example: 80 × 3 = 240 30 × 8 = 240
but also, 240 ÷ 3 = 80 and 240 ÷ 8 = 30 For pupils – Steps to success: 1. Use known multiplication facts to help multiply larger numbers.
Independent activity Refer pupils to the Year 3 Mental Arithmetic Pupil Book, pages 18–19.
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