Kelly Dervarics Design Portfolio
Projects: Seniors Community Center, Manhattan, NY Spring 2017 Solar Decathlon House, Denver, CO Fall 2016 Behavioral Observation, Old Chain of Rocks Bridge, St. Louis, MO Fall 2015
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Italian Public Spaces, Florence, Italy, Spring 2016
Extend cafe outdoor eating area
Kabul Baseline Conditions Report, 2017 Mapping Climate Change in the St. Louis Region, Summer 2016
Kelly Marie Dervarics Washington University in St. Louis B.S. in Architecture , Urban Design minot 719 E. Timber Branch Pkwy, Alexandria, VA 22302 kmdervarics@gmail.com
Community Center for the Elderly of the East Village The design of a new Community Center in the Village View housing complex in the East Village of Manhattan was centered around safe accessibility to public transit and the amenities of the community center for senior citizens. Preliminary research was conducted in GIS to draw attention to the lack of public transit in the area - something an aging urban population heavily relies upon. The research also shed light on a high number of pedestrian injuries thus I began with designing entrances in correlation with modes of transportation based on orientation.
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Zoning and Transportation for Lower Manhattan site Bus routes Fresh Zoning Tax Initiative City Street
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Subway stops
"
Safe streets for seniors
0.5 walking radius from subway station
U.S. Census 2000 AGE 65 + 0 - 300 301 - 600 601 - 900 901 - 1600 1601 - 3000 3001 - 7400
Annual Pedestrian Injuries 0 1
$$
2 3 4 5
TRANSIT MAPPING N
0
Study models
Miles 4
Community center model
( !
( !
FLOOR PLANS
SECOND FLOOR
FIRST FLOOR GROUND FLOOR
Program Layout Materiality and transparency were considered to symbolize entrances of the building, provide familiarity to surrounding context and provide varying levels of privacy in relation to the interior programming. Strategies for the programming of the community center focused on open floor layouts for easy navigation; differences in functions of space were indicated with changes in ceiling height or floor elevation rather than walls when possible.
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Site Plan
Bird’s Eye View
Entrance Typologies 1st Avenue neighbors the site to the West and is a high traffic street with bus lanes. The south entrance off of first avenue became a transit hub for the bus stop located farther south with seating, monitors showing bus times, small cafe and public restrooms. To the North along 6th street is a quieter and narrower street for which I proposed a pick-up area for seniors to be dropped off by their adult children or by the nursing home they may live in now. The third entrance is pedestrian oriented with a small parklet in front to begin to differentiate the public sidewalk with outdoor space of the community center. This entrance also serves as a thoroughfare to the seating and outdoor spaces to the east bordering the nearby Village View apartment building.
Kiss and Ride Entrance
Pedestrian Entrance
Serial Sections
TransityHub Transit Huband andPublic PublicEntrance Entrance
SECTION LOOKING EAST
SECTION LOOKING WEST
Section looking West
South Elevation
North Elevation
SECTION LOOKING SOUTH
Solar Decathlon 2017 I was part of Washington University’s first Solar Decathlon team that consisted of 13 architecture students 3 engineering students and several faculty supports. This phase of the competition (fall 2016) focused on meeting the Department of Energy’s 90% Construction Documents completed deadline, beginning to create mock-ups for various systems within the house and developing partnerships and sponsorships with local organizations and expertise in the St. Louis area and beyond. The house consists of a single precast concrete rectangular volume that incorporates unique precast concrete elements serving as a dynamic envelope for the changing site and weather conditions. Since the entire envelope is precast concrete, it demonstrates resiliency by being heavily tornado and storm proof. Resiliency to natural disasters is imperative in the Midwest, in the creation of a sustainable home. The house is a 2 : 1 rectangular volume, with an east-west orientation. The north and south facades are modulated with the “gutters” in such a way that every gutter is an extrusion of the wall of the home—literally and figuratively pulling the wall over the deck to create a transitional exterior space. Where the gutters are extruded from the home, openings are created, forming windows and doors to the house and allowing natural cross-ventilation across the short side of the massing. In addition to creating a new outdoor space, the gutters perform multiple additional functions: working as a water collector, a green roof, a vertical planting surface, a series of modular planter beds supporting a hydroponic system, and a sunshade for the corresponding windows behind. The gutters and planters as a collective unit will serve as a productive device allowing for the cultivation of vegetables for consumption while also serving a formal role as safety and privacy barriers for the inhabitants and their visitors.
1.
PRECAST CONCRETE FOOTINGS
6.
PRECAST CONCRETE GUTTERS
2.
PRECAST FLOOR PANELS
7.
DECKING, RAMP
3.
4.
CORE UNIT
8.
PLANTERS
Construction Sequence
by Adam Barnstorff and Nitish Bhat
Floor plan
by Jade Hubinek
5.
PRECAST WALL PANELS
Interior renderings by Nitish Bhat
PRECAST ROOF PANELS
9.
PV PANELS, FURNITURE, ETC
Plant Identification and Location
Design + Research: Meo Zhang and Kelly Dervarics
Exterior renderings
by Nitish Bhat and Kelly Dervarics
Irrigation and Vegetation The design concept of the house is a concrete box permeated by green spandrels that function as a growing platform for harvesting food. We designed a hydroponic growing system for food production, as part of an overall north-south grain strategy, with vegetated roof channels, modular vertical and ground planters watered with tube drip lines. The irrigation tubes are integrated into the vertical pieces and connect to the water storage tanks beneath the ground planters and decking. A rainwater harvesting system is implemented to collect rainwater in troughs on the south side of the roof. This water will then be drained into pipes that funnel down the vertical columns into the water storage tank to be pumped to the plants and the rest of the house when needed. This section of the competition was my main responsibility for the semester.
tour route for competition
RENDERED SECTION
visitor flow vegetated area
HYDROPONICS
dripline
roof planter trays
dripper
plant
rockwool block
rigid PVC sheet
florafelt 4x2 pockets recycled PET plastic felt (outer layer) recycled PET plastic felt (inner layer)
pocket section detail
vertical florafelt pockets
RAINWATER MANAGEMENT
Plan of rainwater drainage
Roof section detail WATER STORAGE / IRRIGATION
water collected water recycled
PLANTERS
5 1/2”
8”
9”
2’-0”
plant liner types
planter dimensions Design + Research by Kelly Dervarics and Meo Zhang
Observing Public Interaction at the Chain of Rocks Bridge The objective of this project was to use information from the previous bubble/water exploration to inform design decisions for a dwelling and labratory space on a bridge over the Mississippi River. The decision was made to map population dispersion, economic circumstances and transportation accessibility in the larger St. Louis area, to show that the site, the Chain of Rocks area, was desolate. Population loss was increasing, few public transportation reached the area and the history of the bridge’s deteriorating use led me to look at the “decay” of the area particularly focusing on the few people that still visited the bridge. The site model on the right was developed to pinpoint the areas where one would most commonly see other people, markers were used to indicate obstructions in my line of sight and string was implemented to indicate time and frequency of human density at those points.
Sightline model Chain of Rocks site map
Lower water dam, sand bar
Water treatment plant
Water intake towers
Panoramic view from building location showing view ports for human activity
St. Louis County
City of St. Louis
Madison County
biking trails pedestrian trails red metrolink blue metrolink
Transportation in St. Louis Region Denoting Chain of Rocks area
Highway I-270
Interweaving Public and Private This dwelling on the Chain of Rocks Bridge was designed to house a social scientist who would observe visitors to the bridge, recording circulation patterns, conversation topics, demographics and other trends. In order to house this omniscient viewer/scientist the dwelling was located beneath the bridge with tree coverage to conceal the scientist from viewers. The main “lab� space is a large open public space-accessible by bike and foot. The large space would allow for the scientist to be masked as simply a visitor and allow visitors to observe others an important aspect in the creation of comfortable public space. The design and structure of the building was informed by the tensile manner of the peeling bubble machine developed in the first project and several studies of creating structure that integrated with the trusses of the bridge but had a language of its own. Wood reeds were used in the final model to construct a wrapping of spaces--creating intimate spaces for the dwelling and allowing for the large public space to have pockets of smaller spaces/pods within it. This building would serve as a place of interaction, study and observation for a site whose social interactions have deteriorated over time.
long section of bridge
FLOOR PLANS Private
B2 Private floor 2
B1 Private floor 1
G Bridge deck
1 Public seating level
2 Public seating level
Public
model photos
public space render
section render
C’è sempre qualcosa di familiare There is always something familiar This book was made to explore the interstitial spaces in the city of Florence. Split into three narratives each explores an aspect of wayfinding whether it be through new eyes or that of a native Florentine. The first book looks at the experience of finding one’s way through the city by following others, in this case I traced the path of a family on a Saturday morning observing how they interact with the city. The second book uses abstract representations of the city (i.e. plans, sections and elevations) to reconstruct the same path the family took with a focus on the landmarks/ buildings along the path and unveiling the spaces behind the facades of buildings. The third book implements knowledge of a more familiar city (St. Louis) by replacing the Florentine landmarks in the family’s narrative with St. Louis buildings that share similar forms. The buildings change while maintaining the urban context of Florence or St. Louis to contrast the spaces of historically compact Florence with the sparse industrialized landscape of St. Louis. This last book completes the three methods for wayfinding that combined represent how I rationalize and find my way around Florence through- people, buildings/landmarks, and comparisons of what is spatially familiar. accordion tiers of book
C’è sempre qualcosa di familiare
front cover of book
Italian Piazza Studies During our time in Florence we were given the task of studying and analyzing two piazzas - one traditional and the other more contemporary located outside of Florence’s historic center. I chose to study two piazzas that had churches as a way to assess the identity and maintenance of the public space. The traditional one had a lively group of church members all of whom stayed for an hour ot two after the service let out. However, their lingering hardly seemed out of place in the piazza crowded with many other tourists and Florentines that utilize the spaces intersecting streets as thoroughfares to the Duomo, farmers’ market or various other stores in the area.
Traditional- Piazza Sant’Ambrogio
Sunday foot traffic
Precedents Tempio Maggiore Israelitico - private greenspace - good tree coverage - lots of pedestrian traffic for a church in a residential area
9 am
3 pm
Piazza Giovanni Antonelli - high visibility - trash cans take up large amount of space - many businesses --> higher traffic density
7 pm
Daily food vendor
Implement moveable seating
Flexible eating space at night
Conversely, the contemporary piazza is located in the residential working class area outside the historic center thus the roads are wider and populated with more cars than people. Church members immediately went to their cars or homes once the church service let out. Other piazzas in this neighborhood at least have neighboring businesses that increase pedestrian activity while this one has one cafe but receives little activity. In addition provided seating contributes to the two piazzas varied user density; Sant’Ambroggio has several stationary benches as well as foldable seating provided by neighboring restaurants and Gervasio has stationary benches that are falling apart.
New- Piazza Gervasio e Protasio
Sunday foot traffic Chiesa del Sacro Cuore - bordered by high traffic streets - recognizable from great distance - not much open or inviting space in front of church
Parrocchia dei Sette Santi Fondatori
9 am
3 pm
- next to high pedestrian traffic areas: store fronts and grocery store - no visible movement inside - gated greenspace very overgrown - one or two people sit on entrance steps
7 pm
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Move trashcans underground
Extend cafe outdoor eating area
Kabul Baseline Conditions Report During my internship with Level Infrastructure I worked in a four person team to develop the infrastructure sections of a new baseline conditions report for Kabul, Afghanistan. The infrastructure portion was divided into six categories: mobility, drainage, drinking water, wastewater, solid waste and energy. This report was the initial research and compilation of Kabul’s existing infrastructure and past and current projects. Each category/chapter was broken down by scale (national, regional and local), sorted into recent master plans and projects and concluded with expected loads and capacities for the city at Kabul’s current population. Fellow interns collected and analyzed the data and reports provided to us by various ministries and NGO’s and I created the maps and graphics. All maps displayed here, I developed myself. The BCR provided a starting place for the new infrastructure master plan to be developed by Level in accordance with Sasaki Design’s urban design plans. 73
Baseline Conditions Report
Infrastructure
National Drainage Context National Watersheds Afghanistan comprises of 4 primary river basins: The Kabul River Basin, which drains to the east; the Northern River Basin, which drains to the north, the Amu Darya River Basin, which drains to the east, and the Hilmand River Basin, which drains to the south. Evaporation rates are higher than precipitation rates throughout the country, and in areas with little topography to facilitate flow, there exist some regions that do not drain at all. Any precipitation that does not evaporate in these areas is infiltrated.
AMU DARYA RIVER BASIN
NOR THERN RIVER BASIN
K ABUL RIVER BASIN K AB UL
HARIROD-MURGHAB RIVER
RIV ER
Kabu River flow is highly seasonal. Kabul’s climate is arid, with a distinct rainy season November through May. With annual average rainfall of 330 mm/year, and long hot and dry periods, evaporation rates exceed precipitation over the year. Thus, Kabul River stream bed is dry for several months each year.
K ABUL MUNICIPALIT Y
Existing infrastructure consists only of surface drainage.
HILMAND RIVER BASIN
There is no piped drainage infrastructure in Kabul, and with a highly urbanized land area throughout the city, most precipitation runs off as sheet flow to open channel drains. A series of primary channels drain to the Kabul River, but the channels are not constructed within a formal network of appropriately sized sections, and erosion and damage to channels is common. Additionally, drainage channels often impede movement and mobility, particularly in informal settlements where paths are narrow.
Kabul
Urban Design Framework
Baseline Conditions Report
Infrastructure
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Existing Water Service Areas
ul O
ute
rC ity
Ro
ad
2011 JICA Road Network Master Plan Kab
Road Network Development Plan JICA proposed an extended road network that would cover approximately 800 km, which would consist of both radial and circumferential roads. The most significant addition is Kabul City Outer Ring Road, which would serve as the major connection between existing arteries. JICA also proposed the addition and widening of many major and minor arterial roads, further enhancing the connection to and from the center of the city. The plan proposal focused on right of way sectioning to help mitigate congestion.
Water use in Kabul is driven by several principal consumer groups. Within Kabul Municipality, water is used in residential, commercial, agricultural, and industrial settings. Agricultural water is primarily supplied by irrigation canals from streams or karezes. Industrial parks have their own water supply. The total industrial water usage (2011) is approximately 24,000 m3/day. The Microrayon is supplied privately as well, and uses approximately 16,000 m3/day.
AH76
Air p
ort
Ro
ad Kabul-Nangarhar Highway
Qa
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AhmadShah BabaRoad
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Kampani Road
Kabul-Jalalabad H
ighw ay
hway
zni Hig
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But a well-defined regulatory and management structure is the first step.
Ka
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ut er
Cit y
Dar ula man
Kabu
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Low income levels in Kabul make it difficult for most of the population to pay for water resources. While international donor investments provide funds for infrastructure construction, funding for necessary and ongoing maintenance will remain a challenge.
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Limited willingness or ability to pay for water.
Road
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sources: Watershed Information: Raphy Favre, Watershed Atlas of Afghanistan, 2004, p. 101 Google Earth
Map of the national river watersheds.
Baseline Conditions Report
Legend Legend Urbanized Area served by municipal wells (AUWSSC)
The formation of the Afghan Urban Water Supply and Sewerage Corporation is a critical component of maintaining the reliability of Kabul’s water supply. The AUWSSC mission to ensure equitable and reliable drinking water through affordable tariffs sets the stage for water sustainability.
Legend
Microrayan District served by municipal wells
Existing Arterial Roads Proposed Arterial Roads Proposed Widened Arterial Roads Existing Major Arterial Roads Proposed Major Arterial Roads Proposed Widened Major Arterial Roads Proposed Kabul Outer Ring Road Existing Minor Arterial Roads Proposed Minor Arterial Roads Existing Other Roads Proposed Other Roads
Hig
hw ay
Industrial Area served by private wells
ard ez
Agricultural Area served by irrigation canals
Ka
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l-G
Urbanized Area served by private wells
sources: Aquifer and well locations: Pell Frischmann Afghanistan Resource Corridor Development: Water Strategy Final Kabul River Basin Report, Version 4.0, 2012, p 32-33. Service area boundaries: JICA, Draft Kabul City Master Plan, 2011, p6-3. Sasaki Drawings: Agricultural regions, population map
Types of drinking water service areas in Kabul.
Sources: JICA, Draft Kabul City Master Plan, 2011, Chapter 5, p53 11
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15
Baseline Conditions Report
Mobility
Transportation Organizations and Responsibilities
International Organizations
JICA Proposed Street Network Transportation Infrastructure
Baseline Conditions Report
Baseline Conditions Report
Infrastructure
34
16
Estimated Current Drinking Water Loads
Residential
13%
Commercial
25%
Industrial
Agricultural
NATIONAL:
MUNICIPAL:
FOREIGN AID:
Ministry of Public Works
Kabul Municipality Department of Streets and Maintenance
Asian Development Bank
MoPWisrepsonsibleforplanning,designing,implementing, and maintaining national transport infrastructure including roads and railways.
The Kabul Municipality is responsible for maintaining local streets and upgrading them as needed.
Department of Transportation
World Bank
MTCA is responsible for setting transport policies, as well as administering public transport services for trucks, buses, aviation, and others operated under the government management.
The Department of Transportation is a newly formed department charged with planning and managing traffic and public transport operations throughout Kabul.
The World Bank is currently funding the Rural Access Project to enable rural communities to benefit from allseason road access to basic services and facilities.
MillieBus Enterprise
UN Habitat
MillieBus enterprise is responsible for operating fleet buses in the city of Kabul.
UN Habitat is working with MUDH, conducting research on the development of a Urban National Priority Programe (U-NPP) that will set Afghanistan’s urban priorities for the coming decade.
MUDH is responsible for providing road planning and implementation in cities other than Kabul.
Ministry of Interior Affairs (MoI) The MoI is the police body that regulates traffic and vehicular accidents. They are currently responsible for overseeing roundabout procedures and intersection traffic law.
USAID has funded major construction and rehabilitation projects throughout Afghanistan, amounting up to 2,000km of roads. It is currently supporting the Ministry of Public Works in establishing an independent Afghan government road authority and fund.
Protection
NEPA provides environmental management services in transportation operations. It handles all environmental permitting and licensing as well.
Example of the report layout
Japan International Agency (JICA)
District 9 Water Use Breakdown, Predominantly Industrial District District 14 Water Use Breakdown Predominantly Agricultural District
USAID
National Environmental Agency (NEPA)
Agricultural
Residential Commercial
Ministry of Transport and Civil Aviation
Ministry of Urban Development and Housing (MUDH)
57%
99%
The ADB is currently financing and implementing many projects related to road construction and rehabilitation through its Program Management Office.
Commercial
TOTAL ESTIMATED RESIDENTIAL WATER USE IN K ABUL: 612,500 M 3 /DAY
27% 73% Residential
District 1 Water Use Breakdown Predominantly Residential District
ESTIMATED RESIDENTIAL WATER CONSUMPTION BY DISTRIC T DISTRIC T
Cooperation
CONSUMPTION (M 3 /DAY)
JICA has worked with Kabul Municipality pertaining to its transportation development. JICA has produced an extensivereportonpotentialtransportationdevelopment throughout the city, and some components have since been implemented.
Water demand is rapidly increasing.
Sources: UN Habitat, On the Move in Kabul City Region, 2016 p1 JICA, Draft Kabul City Plan, 2011, p 5-8 MUDH, http://mudh.gov.af/en
ThepopulationsurgethatKabulCityhasexperienced over the last ten years is expected to continue, and this rapid growth is already straining existing water supplies. Additionally, as the middle class grows and the piped water network expands to household connections, per capita water usage rates will also grow.
DISTRIC T
These pressures coupled with climate change beseech a comprehensive approach to water supply and management that will include groundwater recharge, water reclamation, and water conservation. Estimated water consumption figures are shown at right, which were developed using estimated 2017 population data.
CONSUMPTION (M 3 /DAY)
1
2
3
4
5
7,400 13,400 18,200 29,000 46,000
12
13
14
15
6
7
8
9
10
11
44,200 52,600 47,700 26,300 33,000 43,000
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
35,100 63,600 10,900 38,400 30,800
39,600
3,200
4,500
8,600
6,400
10,800
sources:
Broshears, Robert E., M. Amin Akbari, Michael P. Chornack, David K. Mueller, and Barbara C. Ruddy. Inventory of Ground-Water Resources in the Kabul Basin, Afghanistan. Compiled by U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Agency for International Development. U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 5090. Reston, VA: U.S. Geological Survey, 2005.
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Infrastructure
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nt Wastewater ion
water Loads
Water residential consumptions ated using UN-Habitat’s estimated bul) we estimated Kabul’s wastewater 80% of water consumption per posal for new Wastewater Treatment o service the districts with the wastewater production. However, e facilities—particularly the North nsufficient for the high density ) that produce large amounts of
ads are rapidly increasing.
grows and residents begin to use pita, wastewater loads will increase arly as the piped water network is seholds rather than public taps, which revalence of water use and exacerbate d sanitation systems.
1 - 5,950 m3/day 2 - 10,760 m3/day
Legend
3 - 14,590 m3/day
CURRENT TOTAL ESTIMATED LOAD: 490,000 m /day 3
4 - 23,210 m3/day
High density Urban Area
10 - 26,400 m3/day
Low density Urban Area
11 - 21,050 m3/day
Agriculture Area
Sources: JICA, Draft Kabul City Plan, 2011. pg. 21
Wastewater Loads per District in Kabul Wastewater Loads per District in Kabul
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Baseline Conditions Report Infrastructure
A JR NE O G P T BI HP AD LU H M GH E-A N A PA TA
Recent Electrical Proposals
CAS 00 A1
CASA 1000 Project
INCOMING 500K V-DC LINE FROM TA JIKISTAN
0
he Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, an, the CASA-1000 electricity l transform the region and tral Asia-South Asia Regional AREM).
B
KHW A JA ALW AN TO ARG HA ND E SS
Electrical als
44
Proposed together by the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Pakistan, and Afghanistan, the CASA-1000 electricity transmission system will transform the region and realize the planned Central Asia-South Asia Regional Electricity Market (CASAREM).
300MW-500K V/DC CONVER TER STATION AND SS
consists of one 450 km 500 kV between Kyrgyz Republic (425 m) to supply Kyrgyz electricity an, and one 750 km 500 kV High HVDC) transmission system km) through Afghanistan (562 .
CHIM TALA TO NE W K ABU L SS
SARUBI HPP
The CASA 1000 Project of one 450 km 500 kV TOconsists NAGHLU HVAC transmission link between Kyrgyz Republic (425 HPP km) and Tajikistan (25 km) to supply Kyrgyz electricity to South Asia via Tajikistan, and one 750 km 500 kV High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) transmission system between Tajikistan (117 km) through Afghanistan (562 km) to Pakistan (71 km).
Arghande (Kabul) 500/220/20 kV Substation Project
500/220/20 kV
Sponsored by ADB under “North-South Power Transmission Enhancement Project”, Da Afghanistan Breshna Sherkat (DABS) proposed a new 500/220/20 TO PAK ISTA N kV Arghande (Kabul) Substation including four onephase 133/40 MVA, 500/220/20 kV step-down autotransformer, 500 kV AIS (Air Insulated Switchgear) switchgear and other equipment.
CAS A 100 0
TO LA SS TA D E IM AN CH GH AR
er “North-South Power ment Project”, Da Afghanistan proposed a new 500/220/20 bstation including four one/220/20 kV step-down auto(Air Insulated Switchgear) quipment.
A
A RGH
N
TO DE
KAN
H DA
AR
T EAS
SS
ARGHANDE TO BRESHNA KOT SS
H MESRY SS ARGH ANDE TO NANG ARHA R SHALK
Legend Converter station 500 kV substations 220kV substations
ARG
HA
ND
110 kV substations 500kV HVAC 500 kV transmission line 220 kV transmission line 110 kV transmission line
n line n line n line
Proposed Electrical Grid Extension From JICA 2011 Master Plan
Proposed electrical grid extension from 2011 JICA
source: Afghanistan Inter-Ministerial commission for Energy (ICE), CASA1000 Report. ADB Invitation for Bids, 2014. <https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/ coso/afgG0374-DABS016ICB.pdf>
Proposed Elect 2011 Master Pl
Mapping Climate Change in the St. Louis Region During my internship with H3 Studio I developed a series of maps and graphics for the City of St. Louisâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Climate Action Plan. Another student intern and I worked to collect data and select parameters for the scope of this study to examine factors that could contribute to climate change and their consequences on the public. The final presentation to the responsible government agency and citizens would emphasize vulnerable neighborhoods and populations in addition to framing the data in a comprehensible and relatable form. Below is a sample of some of the maps created with GIS and edited using Illustrator that were featured in our proposal.
Population without Health Insurance (%)
Median Household Income (by thousands) by municipality
Percent of Population without Health Insurance
0 - 10
46-60
91+
31-45
75-90
30 - 40
16-30
61-75
40 +
>15
10 - 20 20 - 30
Poverty Population (%)
500 yr Flood Plain
Poverty Population by Census Block Group
500 yr. flood plains
0 - 10 10 - 20 20 - 30 30 - 40 40 +
Municipalities affected by flooding
Urban Growth 1900-2010
ST. CHARLES
MADISON ST. CLAIR
ST. LOUIS CITY ST. LOUIS COUNTY
MONROE
FRANKLIN JEFFERSON
1990
Rivers
2000
1950
2010
1970
500 yr. Flood Plain with Levees
100 YR. Flood Zone 500 YR. Flood Zone Major Rivers Major Levees