Tyers’ House A Commemoration for Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens London Borough of Lambeth SE11 5HL Design Realisation Report Teh Kah Khen, Kenny Unit 21
page 2
Contents 1.0
Building Context
2.0
1.1 Introduction 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15
Abstract Project Catapult Post-Development 2023 Public Realm Study Theatres Around
Site Location Site Context Site History Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens Contrast
5 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16
1.3 Micro Site Analysis 1.31 1.32 1.33 1.34 1.35
Vehicular Access Nodes & Rhythm Sun Path & Noise Source Other Issues Contextual Materiality
17 18 19 20 21
1.4 Precedent 1.41 1.42
The Young Vic Theatre Supporters
22 23
1.5 Design Strategy 1.51 1.52 1.53 1.54
Narrative Translation Reconstruction of Pleasure Gardens Mapping of Spaces Contextual Strategy
3.0
2.1 Client
1.2 Proposed Site 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25
Building Delivery
24 25 26 27
2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15
Project Collaboration The Friends of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens Big Lottery Fund UK Supporting Bodies Role of Client
30 31 32 33 34
Team Members Role of Architect Role of Contractor
35 36 37
2.3 Contract Type 2.31
Traditional Procurement
38
2.4 Practice Plan of Work 2.41 2.42 2.43 2.44 2.45 2.46 2.47 2.48
Strategic Definition Preparation & Brief Concept Design Developed Design Technical Design Construction Handover & Close Out In Use
40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47
2.5 Project Outline 2.51
Work Breakdown Structure
48
2.6 Risk Assessment 2.61
Principal Design Issues
49
2.7 Maintenance Strategy 2.71
4.0
3.1 Site Preliminaries
2.2 Project Team 2.21 2.22 2.23
Building Construction
Building Maintenance
50
page 3
3.11
Project Office & Site Access
4.1 Passive Design Strategy 52
4.11
3.2 Building Structural Analysis 3.21 3.22 3.23
Ground Floor Plan First Floor Plan Lower Ground Floor Plan
4.12 4.13 4.14
53 54 55
Proposed Site Plan Ground Floor Plan First Floor Plan Lower Ground Floor Plan Longitudinal Section A-A Transverse Section B-B
56 57 58 59 60 61
Passive Ventilation & Cooling Passive Daylighting Rainwater Harvesting Geothermal Heating
74 75 76 77
4.2 Building Legislation 4.21 4.22
3.3 General Arrangement Drawings 3.31 3.32 3.33 3.34 3.35 3.36
Building Performance
Fire Strategy Building Accessibility
78 79
5.0
Bibliography
82
6.0
Appendix
83
3.4 Building Structural Details 3.41 3.42 3.43 3.44 3.45 3.46 3.47
Reinforced Concrete Slab & Water Tank Archaeology Space Wall & Floor Pre-fabricated Service Room & Underfloor Heating Basement Wall Connection of Interior & Exterior Floor Slab Composite Floor Decking Pre-cast Windmill Floor Slab
62 63 64 65 66 67 68
3.5 Building Design Details 3.51 3.52 3.53 3.54
Deflecting Floor Reflection Pool & Glass Walk Aluminium Composite Cladding for Skylight Colour Grinding Windmill
69 70 71 72
contents
0.0
Victoria & Albert Museum. Jonathan Tyers. 2016. Print.
page 4
introduction 1.11
Abstract
Inspired by the ideas of Jonathan Tyers, this design seeks to rekindle Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens (1729 – 1767); a hub that invigorates the senses. The intention catapulted from one of the prominent element which is music that glorified the entire atmosphere. “Music made distinctions of money, class, and age irrelevant”, highlights the theory of egalitarian in the design. An opportunist that provides a platform that encompasses the social strata. Ultimately, music is the protagonist that diminishes the pulsation of the contrast. Then and now; what was once a concoction of sound is now nakedly encircled in a ballast of noise. It aims to re-establish the Pleasure Gardens and reinforcing the intangible existence through the creation of the new Pleasure Gardens that extends out into the surrounding parkland. Once more, as the entrance to pleasure that is a linkage of the tipping points complementing the absolute journey. Assimilating Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens into a dwelling of a mastermind, Tyers’ House, a gallery-theatre (mini museum incorporating theatrical aspects in relation to the Pleasure Gardens) seeks to radiate the interiority of the spaces which is dedicated to an event, a performer, a music piece, and an art into the vastness that is a seemingly invincible reflection of the latter. Ergo, using sound to activate spaces. In a broader context, connecting parks in the urban realm. To which repetition of music in the background mimics the milieu of the Pleasure Gardens is seen to resist the penetration of noise. Now, that all is in place. It is the time. Now Opens!
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introduction 1.11
page 6
site study & tracing the historical presence of the Pleasure Gardens
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Key Plan | Pre-Development
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Kennington
Lambeth
Vauxhall
Nine Elms
Project Catapult
scale nts
introduction 1.12
Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens
Post-Development 2023 Nine Elms Lane is undergoing a major transformation with the rising of numerous development ie. residential, commercial, mixed use etc that will potentially challenge the role of public realms, both Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens & Vauxhall Park will be threaten to function for the community as sprouting developmen each offers their individual public realm. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Vauxhall Cross Atlas Aykon Vauxhall Square One Nine Elms Covent Garden Flower Market Key Bridge Sky Gardens 12-20 Wyvil Road US Embassy Embassy Gardens Nine Elms Parkside New Covent Garden Market Battersea Power Station Development
1 5
3
4
2
6
Vauxhall Park
10
7 8
14
11
9
12
13
new development in Nine Elms around site vicinity
scale 1 : 10000
page 9
introduction 1.13
Post-Development
Comparison of Public Realm Area Each new scheme offers their own public realm ie. leisure space, rooftop gardens, etc which cummulatively could risk the function of existing public realms such as the Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens and Vauxhall Park situating within close proximity. Having said that, the proposed site which is in Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens would attract users to activate the space and retain the essence of a public realm.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Post-Development
Public realm area (sq.m.)
Atlas Aykon One Nine Elms Vauxhall Cross Nine Elms Parkside Ga Sky Gardens Keybridge Vauxhall Square
1831 922 15945 555 16920 1367 22290 1322 Total
61152
6
exist. 57%
post 43% 3 1
pie chart showing the percentage of area comparing the existing & post-development public realm
Existing Public Realm
7
4
Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens 45850 sq.m.
Vauxhall Park 34800 sq.m. 2
scale 1 : 10000
5
8 Nine Elms London. Interactive Map. 2017. Print.
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introduction 1.14
1
3
Theatres Around Proposed Site
5
The theatre industry in London is vast and easily available. Based on the study of the type of theatres, the proposed programme seeks to combine the ideas primarily into a music orientated gallery-theatre that focuses on youth and provides a platform of opportunity. This also adheres to the historical roots of the site that was once gloriďŹ ed through music. Theatre
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
The Young Vic Union Theatre Network Theatre The Old Vic The Royal National Theatre Theat Edric Theatre Southward Playhouse Coronet St. James Theatre Victoria Palace Theatre Apollo Victoria Theatre National Youth Theatre of Great Britain The Royal Court Theatre Tea House Theatre Above The Stag Theatre Ovalhouse Theatre Blue Elephant Theatre LOST Theatre Theat Landor Theatre Theatre 503
PA : MX : MS : y. : o. : s. : d. :
performing arts combination musical youth orientated opportunistic shakespeare dance
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
4
6
9
7
10 12
Type y.o.PA o.MX PA PA s.PA MX PA MS PA PA MX y.o.MX
2
11
8
13
14
Site Location
15
PA PA lgbt.PA PA d.PA y.PA MX o. o.PA
16 17
18
20
19
scale nts
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introduction 1.15
am es Th
Albert Embankment
Riv er
7
12
5
Proposed Building Site
11 6
10
Site Location
9
The building site is located within the historical context of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens close to the intersection between Albert Embankment, Kennington Lane, and Nine Elms Lane. It is surrounded majority by residential buildings on the East and segregated from the River Thames via the viaduct running across the Western side. St. George Tower St. George Wharf St. George Wharf Pier Vauxhall Station Vauxhall Bridge MI6 Building Vauxhall Stairs Cobalt Square Vauxhall Tavern St. Peter’s Church Vauxhall City Farm Tea House Theatre
4 8
El
1
m
s
La
ne
2
Ni ne
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
e
n Lan
ingto
Kenn
3
residential
scale 1 : 2500
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proposed site 1.21
MI6 Building
Vauxhall Tavern
Vauxhall Station
Tea House Theatre
Vauxhall City Farm
St. George Wharft & Tower
St. Peter’s Church
Site Context Key landmarks around the site with historical roots and new developments which inuences the design.
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proposed site 1.22
Arrival at Vauxhall Stairs
Destination
Overlay of the Pleasure Gardens plan on the site it used to be
Site History
scale 1 : 2500
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proposed site 1.23
Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Entrance Proprietor’s House Prince’s Room Rotunda Orchestral Building Supper Boxes Grand Walk
A B
Corinthian column, only remnant found around site Location of Handel’s statue in the Pleasure Gardens
7
6
5
4 2
B
3
A
1
scale 1 : 2500
David E. Coke. Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens. 2014. Print. Victoria & Albert Museum. Handel. 2016. Print.
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proposed site 1.24
Vauxhall Stairs
Column by DSDHA as a remembrance of the Pleasure Gardens
Proposed Building Site
Now, 2016
Then, 1729 - 1767
Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens, Then & Now The proposed building will once again be the entrance to pleasure just like the Proprietor’s House in the Pleasure Gardens. Hence, encouraging the inow of visitors to this pleasure hub as well as the park giving identity to the public realm.
David E. Coke. Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens. 2014. Print.
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proposed site 1.25
A
Proposed Building Site
Vehicular Access D
Studying the trafďŹ c pattern which determines the access to the building such as entrance and loading & unloading bay. The site is also within proximity to numerous means of public transport which is a plus point making access to-fro the building possible and convenient from all directions. A B C D
B C
Millbank Millenium Pier Vauxhall Station (Train) Vauxhall Bus Station St. George Wharf Pier
vehicular pattern
scale 1 : 3500
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micro site analysis 1.31
A*
A
image from top-left to right, A-D
A*
B
Interview with David Coke, author of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens for first hand validation at the location where the Proprietor’s House was.
Nodes & Rhythm The true location of the Proprietor’s House has been kept as the entrance to the building. Pedestrian nodes around the site were identified and geomancy-cum-view lines together with the rhythm of the building facades aids in the horizontality of the design. This intention will make use of the viaduct arches as a mean of access opening it for a better link towards the River Thames in accordance to the design idea and Lambeth Council Policy 43 & 78.
D C
nodes rhythm
scale 1 : 1500
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micro site analysis 1.32
Dark condition
Light condition
Train passes by every two minutes and noise could easily be heard from the site.
Sun Path & Noise Source The direction of sunlight plays an important role in the design as the building aims to open out to the vast park upon entering from the West entrance. It incorporates the play of light and dark conditions which is translated from the design narrative. Sun path diagram shows the solar direction for the month of January 2017 with eight hours of daylight. The site is also located near to the overground tracks of the Vauxhall Station which is the primary source of unwanted sound (noise) with an average of 90 decibels, dB. Hence, a sound wall is incorporated into the design which seeks to reect noise and prevent seepage as well as provide shading on the Eastern side during the later part of the day which allows activities to be held in a comfortable environment. Vauxhall Station
geomancy lines inuencing the angle of the sound wall
scale 1 : 1500
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micro site analysis 1.33
Existing basketball court to make way for the proposed building design A
B
Proposed Building Site
Other Issues A B C
Close proximity to the railway viaduct which requires planning approval from both Lambeth Council & Transport for London Existing basketball to be demolished which is also under utilized by the community DSDHA column design (18 metres high) which serves as a landmark for the park to be preserved and retained
C
scale 1 : 1500
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micro site analysis 1.34
Vauxhall Tavern
Residential
Railway Viaduct
Cabinet Gallery
Oakwood frame
Metal
Ceramic panel
Handmade brick
Clay brick
Raven grey, fair faced concrete
Gold
Stainless-steel
Grey
Vauxhall City Farm
Contextual Materiality Materiality found at the immediate context are almost similar and provoking a warm tone. However, in the larger context especially in Nine Elms, the use of modern material ie. glazing, steel and concrete is more obvious. The use of contextual material is important as Lambeth Council highlights the coherence of the urban fabric taking into consideration the palette and type in order to blend in with the surrounding and not create distraction.
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micro site analysis 1.35
The Cut Bar that strengthens the relationship with the street
Entrance
The Cut
Rd.
Precedent: The Young Vic Theatre Architect Location Area
: Bill Howell of Howell Killick Patridge & Amis : Lambeth, London : 3120 sq.m.
This youth-orientated theatre is ‘for all’ in which it provides a platform of opportunity for younger demographics to be recognized in the industry through opportunities to collaborate with theatre veterans similar to the Pleasure Gardens as a setting for rising musicians to make a debut. Honesty is also portrayed in the theatre in which exciting productions are offered at the lowest possible prices. On top of that, ten-percent of the seats are also given gratuitously to those who otherwise would not be able to afford. The design merges both the old and new fabric with an ad-hoc architecture that utilizes basic material that is adaptive. This follows its ego-free principles whereby the intention lies within the heart of the building entering from the humble scale entrance. page 22
Combination of aluminium mesh screen cladding & exist. bricks create a dramatic presence
precedent 1.41
The auditorium that is flexible & transformable housing up to 500 pax
Office
Workshop
Info & Box Office
Entrance
The Cut Bar
Kitchen
Rd.
Studio
The Cut
Precedent: The Young Vic Theatre Supporters A not-for-profit theatre company that is funded by numerous public and corporate members. 1 2 3 4 5 6
Arts Council England Big Lottery Fund British Council Creative & Cultural Skills Lambeth Borough Council Southwark Council
7 8 9 10 11 12
Barclays Berkeley Group Bloomberg Edelman IHS Markit Wahaca
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The Maria, multi-purpose space for cabaret, conference, rehearsal etc
precedent 1.42
A
Narrative Translation The design incorporates the five (5) tipping points that have been identified when studying the site and its broader context. The tippings points are translated into the design which collectively narrates the absolute journey. A B C D
Elizabeth’s Tower Millbank Penitentiary Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens (Proposed Site) St. Peter’s Church
1 2 3 4 5
One that relates to eagerness, consciousness, isolation & silence One that relates to sense of arrival & enthusiasm to traverse the linear journey One that relates to light & dark conditions, humbleness & uncertainty leading to awe One that relates to music, movement & excitement One that relates to truth and lie & reflection
B
1
2
C 3
4
5 D
scale nts
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design strategy 1.51
3
2
Reconstruction of Pleasure Gardens The buildings from Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens are modelled and reconstructed alongside the intention of this design adapting the ideas and inspiration into the overall scheme. With that said, Tyers’ House will once again be the entrance to a hub of pleasure invigorating all senses.
Music as the main programme
Proprietor’s House Prince’s Room Orchestral Building
Art Gallery
Orchestral Building
Of all arts under a single roof
Prince’s Room
Corinthian Column Entrance Dark-light conditions & humble entry
Proprietor’s House
1 2 3
1
Philharmonic
Location of the true entrance to the proposed design, Tyers’ House
scale nts
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design strategy 1.52
Accommodation
Backstage
(performers & visitors)
Cafe & Bar
Office
(supper boxes)
Dress Gallery
Changing Room
(crinoline)
Toilet
Information
(events & workshop) +1
Dance Workshop
Visitor’s Lounge
(fashion & dance)
(male, female & disabled)
Rehearsal Room
(waiting)
Box Office
Loading Bay
(tickets)
Control Room
Auditorium
(sound & light)
(philharmonic & music)
True Entrance
Entrance & Lobby
Storage
(musical instruments, clothes & props)
Changing Room/Toilet
Performer’s Lounge
-1
Atrium
(focal, linking all space)
Open Stage
(performace, egalitarian & opportunity)
Circulation
Hydraulic Stage
Cyclorama
(virtual screen)
(stairs, ramp & lifts)
Toilet
(male, female & disabled)
Music Gallery
Art Space
(Handel, the composer)
(Hogarth & Hayman)
Souvenir Shop (income)
Mapping of Spaces The proposed building being a gallery incorporating theatrical aspects which showcases the glory of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens and generates awareness of the historic past consists of ground floor, first floor and a lower ground floor where more private spaces are located away from the circulation such as the accomodation on the first floor. Meanwhile, the auditorium is located at the lower ground to reduce the footprint on the ground level as the intention of the building is to open up and merge with the existing park.
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design strategy 1.53
Noise Source
Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens, Lambeth location plan
Link to River
nts
Activating viaduct
True entrance
Secondary entrance
Contextual Strategy One of the strategy is to utilize the location of the Proprietor’s House during the past and adapt as the true entrance to the building. However, the park has several entryways which requires a secondary entrance for the building. It follows the central focal typology of the Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens during placemaking. The building design allows improved connection towards the River Thames as well as activating the railway viaduct. Since the site is surrounded by residential on the Eastern side, the ground footprint is less in which the building opens to the park and creates a hub within the park through the wall that also serves as sun shading and noise barrier. With a cafe on the East, it strengthens the existence as a public building and relationship with the park.
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design strategy 1.54
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collaborative effort into realizing Tyers’ House
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Lambeth Council
Vauxhall One
Local Community
Supporting Bodies
Client
Funding Body
Project Collaboration The intention of the design follows the principle of The Young Vic Theatre which is not-for-profit. Income and maintenance is aided by profit and sales flowing into the building ie. ticket sales, souvenirs, cafe etc. Having said that, the client for this project is closely tied to the rich historical context which is The Friends of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens (FoVPG). It seeks to enhance and promote public spaces similar to the design idea that aims to preserve the identity of public realm in tandem with development that is progressing around the site especially in Nine Elms. Development in the Pleasure Gardens is also bounded by strict rules and carefully monito monitored by both Lambeth Council and FoVPG itself. Hence, having this association as the main body to represent this building and programme would ease the realisation of this project. Community involvement in every phase of the project is also utmost important as references with the locals will generate a stronger design and trust into catering a public building that benefits the environment, the park and the community. The funding body will be Big Lottery Fund UK as this body has a history of supporting charity groups. Also, this Big Lottery Fund under the Youth Investment Fund also aims to support the youth sector allowing it to work more effectively and improving the potential and outcomes of youth. Similarly, the intention of this design is also to provide a platform of opportunities for younger generations to debut and be recognised. Also, Big Lottery Fund highlights two principles, the people and the community which is related to initial catapult of the project which is to preserve the public realms for community cohesion through the rekindling of the glorified Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens (Tyers’ House).
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client 2.11
Organization Chair Vice Chair Extended Committee
Client: Friends of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens
Paola Piglia David Wheeler 1 Vauxhall City Farm 2 Royal Vauxhall Tavern 3 VGERTA/Vauxhall 5 4 Tea House/KOV 5 Lambeth Council 6 Co-opted Members 7* Big Lottery Fund
As an incentive from the funds granted, the funding body of Tyers’ House will be registered into the organization and proudly recognised (additional platform for branding). This would benefit the building and the park in which it would ease monitoring, maintenance and management through the involvement of the Big Lottery Fund. It will act as the main body together with the council to provide fund into improving and preservation of the entire park.
The Friends of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens is a Registered Charity (1089008) body founded to protect, enhance and promote the Public Open Space known as Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens in London. This not-for-profit organization was formed in 1995 as a consequence from a proposal to re-develop the park which was opposed. Aided by the local support this non-governmental organization (NGO) has been protecting this park that is now registered as ‘Public Open Space’ from future treat of commercial development.
Effort
Tyers’ House will claim part of the footprint of the park through a lease by Lambeth Council. Reason being the project intention and programme offered which links to the principles of the client as well as the prospects of the council. With reference to Section 106 Agreement, the client is expected to provide compensation for the green space taken by the project which can be subsidized through charity events, granted funds or solely by the Lambeth Council. Another emphasis (client brief) of this body is also to generate awareness of the great historical past, “Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens” and reinstate the park as a prime setting for London’s cultural life. This can be realised by Tyers House as it seeks to rekindle the glorified Pleasure Gardens which will then allow better understanding of the historical past of the park. Subsequently, putting the existing park back into position in the culture map as it used to be in the 17th century.
1 1995 2 1996 3 2005 4 2006 5 2012
“We are however more than ever determined to protect every square inch of its land for generations to come.” 1
6 2019*
Formation due to development threat Received charitable status as ‘Friends of VauxhallSpring Gardens’ Registered Charity (1089008) Maintaining the park as a safer & more pleasant environment for the local community Improvement to the park via an Urban Framework Plan by DSDHA th through a grant by Lambeth Council with references with the entire community Re-name of the park to its original historic name of ‘Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens’. Addition of Tyers’ House to the park as means to enrich the historical values of the site
1
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client 2.12
Scheme 1: Parks for People Aim Area Funder Funding size Total available Deadline
Regenerate public parks of national, regional or local heritage value for the enjoyment and recreation of local people England Big Lottery Fund & Heritage Lottery Fund £100k - 5m Up to £10m Ongoing
Scheme 2: Reaching Communities Building Strand Aim Area Funder Funding size Total available Deadline
To help the people & strengthen the community England Big Lottery Fund £10k - 500k £200m Ongoing
Fund: Big Lottery Fund UK
The funding body for the project will be The Big Lottery Fund UK in which funds will be allocated from different schemes provided by this organisation. Application for funding programmes will be proposed by the architect on behalf of the client as The Friends of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens is a charity body with a limited budget. This step ensures that the architect is aware of the requirement set by the funding body in order to attain the maximum possible grant whilst also maintaining integrity of the brief provided by the client. The support from this funding entity is crucial to realising Tyers’ House as this project requires a considerable budget due to the crafted elements of design. Based on the types of funding offered and awarded by The National Lottery, it will be possible to obtain the grant as the design complies with the requirements. One advantage of the schemes offered is that they are not imposed with a deadline which gives the architect and client ample time during the design phase (pre-application).
Other Schemes: 1 2 3 4
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Heritage Grant Our Heritage Sharing Heritage Young Roots
client 2.13
Organization Chief Executive Environmental Services Manager Marketing Officer Programme Manager Committee Board
Support: Vauxhall One Involvement of the local community and support by both Lambeth Council & Vauxhall One is crucial in delivering a building that is widely accepted and speaks the intention to promptly benefit the people, the environment and the park as a public recreational asset.
Benefits of collaborating with Vauxhall One:
Vauxhall One is a non-profit organisation owned and led by local businesses based in Vauxhall. This body targets four key areas that will be fundamental to the design, planning and operation of Tyers’ House. 1 2 3 4
Bernard Collier Javier Flores Luke Smith Aaron Groves 1 Base Associates 2 Vauxhall City Farm 3 Royal Vauxhall Tavern 4 Walker Books 5 Orange Group 6 Comic Relief 7 Lambeth Council 8 CLS Holdings PLC
1 2 3 4 5 6
Vauxhall Safe (to reduce street crime & antisocial behaviour) Vauxhall Day & Night (supporting the variety of businesses through promotions and events) Vauxhall Together (provision of volunteering efforts and engagement with staff & charity bodies) Vauxhall Change (maintain and transform the public realm with focus on local parks & green spaces)
Networking & improve relationship with local businesses Provision of support & volunteering efforts Similar ideals to improve public realms in Vauxhall that links together parks & green spaces Curate events relevant to the building programme to expand the activities of the building during operation Provision of services such as recycling & monitoring of park conditions Additional security support via the MET S92 Police Officer scheme in Vauxhall
Successful collaboration (taking into consideration opinions & advices from these bodies into the brief) with the client will enhance the building design and operation. This body ensures that the environment including vicinity of the building site is in the best condition for public activities allowing users to feel safe using the space through the area of focus of the organization. Apart from that, connections with other businesses can also be established via this body which will be useful during building operation. Thereafer, increasing the versatility of the events that could be programmed within Tyers’ House. Having similar intentions with client beliefs and project ambitions will cummulatively contribute to making Vauxhall a better place.
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client 2.14
Client forms a team comprising of the main client (The Friends of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens, FoVPG) and the supporting bodies
1 Lambeth Council 2 Vauxhall One 3 Local Community
FoVPG creates a brief taking into consideration the voices from the supporting bodies
FoVPG appoints the architect for design proposal
Summary & Role of Client
Lambeth Council Local Development Framework
Submission of idea & design proposal to Lambeth Council seeking approval by the council although FoVPG has rights of control of the site but ultimately is authorized by the council
Lambeth Council to provide a long lease of land ownership to FoVPG upon approval, reason being:
Lambeth Council will still have rights of authority over decision making that encompasses the entire park
Architect proposes funding schemes to FoVPG
1 positive impact on economy, social and cultural in the long run 2 celebration of historic events [Lambeth His toric Environment Strategy, HES] 3 community cohesion via participatory programmes offered th 4 enhance security through active use of park 5 promoting diverse commercial use of railway arches (proposal of open arts & culture market place; flea market under the arches to attract flow of users as well as allow access to-fro park to river) [Policy ED5] 6 visitor inflow and arts & culture uses [Policy ED11] 7 improvement of existing park through diversity and new building typology [Policy EN1, Policy Q21]
Application of funding schemes by FoVPG
Successful granted funds by Big Lottery Fund will be used to procure building construction
Architect forms the consortium with multiple consultants giving authority and control to the architect
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client 2.15
Lambeth Council
Big Lottery Fund
Vauxhall One
Victoria & Albert Museum (V&A)
procurement of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens artifacts into Tyers’ House
Tender Invitations (Selective) General Contractor (Contractor Team)
Preferred Tenderers
Project Team
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
General Scope of Work by Subcontractors 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A B
Ensuring material choices and design delivers an acoustically sound building with emphasis specifically in the music pods Structural & lower ground construction underpinning foundation works Aiding the design proposed by the architect in selection & suitable choices of items Focus will be on the virtual projection screens and overall building systems Ensure that cost is within budget allocated from funds structu Focus will be on the mechanism of the daylight emitting structures Energy conservation and optimum building operation primarily passive light strategy Focus will be on the wading pool Overall function and fire regulations as well as cafe safety Protection & insurance over artifacts and overall building safety
Client - architect relationship Architect - contractor relationship Contractual link Relationship
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project team 2.21
flow of info
General Contractor
rights of power
Client
Subcontractors
Role of Architect
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project team 2.22
flow of info
Architect
rights of power
Client
Subcontractors
Role of Contractor Traditional Contract procurement route breaks down the project into two parts, the design phase and the construction phase with emphasis of quality and cost. Upon complete preparation of tender drawings and necessary information required for the project, K.Teh Architects (KTa) will appoint a general contractor to oversee and supervise the construction. Contractor involvement starts during the construction phase. Rights and control are held by the architect during this phase in which the contractor will follow the instructions and standards set by the architect. As per brief, this gallery-theatre requires crafted spaces and adorned with details which will therefore demand specific skills from specialists. Tender invitations will be provided by KTa to “contractors of similar 1 tendering in order to make tenders properly comparable”. Chosen subcontractors will be managed by the general contractor based on the information provided by the architect. General contractor representing the contractor team will report problems throughout the entire construction phase and propose solutions whereby the architect will then carefully consider the implications with regards to consent by the client. However, this gives the contractor liability for any faults during construction, therefore grants insurance to the client against any further cost which will affect the tight budget. Thus, communication between the general contractor and the constant supervision with subcontractors is opted to cater the best output possible. Apart from that, both the contractor and subcontractors must make effort for regular site visits during relevant constructions stages in order to ensure that the work is done according to the specifics of the contract. KTa will issue these consultants as “authorised representatives for the sole purpose of inspecting their own portions of work.” 1
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project team 2.23
Procurement Route: Traditional Contract The most suitable procurement route for this project would be the Tranditional Contract which can be deduced from the client’s (Friends of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens) ambitions. FoVPG will uphold the beliefs of a registered charity body in which Tyers’ House will partly reflect in its purpose as a not-for-profit building. It celebrates the existence of the historic events of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens and aims to provide a platform that is dedicated to the creator of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens, Jonathan Tyers. This gallery-theatre will generate awareness of the past through series of archaeological experiences which will slowly unfold the fundamental purpose of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens, to engage all the senses and all the arts. Thereafter, the client will not expect huge inflow of revenue albeit having opportunities that could generate income ie. cafe, ticket sales etc. Profit will be used for operating and maintenance cost as well as establishing a sinking fund.
Priorities of Tyers’ House
Adaptation of the Pleasure Gardens in the 17th century requires a crafted building with each space dedicated to specific events and icons ie. Handel to reflect the characteristics of the past. Thereafter, quality is important to successfully achieve a building that mimics the milieu of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens. As the client is a non-governmental organization (NGO) with strict budget and limited funding, cost plays stringent role in realising this project. Ultimately, quality is priority to reveal the intentions of the brief. A long lease granted by Lambeth Council cancels the urge to deliver a building in the quickest manner. Aside FoVPG does not have financial burdens from site purchasing as well as pressures from other developments or occupants as FoVPG will govern and manage the building. Time plays a minor role as the site does not have any on-going constructions which it would potentially obstruct. Close proximity to the residential area would prolong the timeline as site access and construction will generate noise and nuisance for the community. This has to be scheduled and approved by the residents and local community with concerns to mitigate disturbances. However, a timeline with flexibility is important to suggest the check-points of each construction phase and expected deliver of the building.
Advantages 1
Deduction for rejecting other contracts: A
B
2 3
Design & Build Contract 1 the idea of rekindling the Pleasure Gardens as per brief requires bespoke and crafted spaces 2 design of Tyers’ House does not incorporate or fewer considerations of modular, pre-fab items 3 limited involvement by the client will hinder successful translation of brief and idea
4 5
Management Contract 1 implications of financial uncertainty risks which is not favourable to FoVPG p 2 risks of client to incur the damage and loss that is unable to prove by management contractor
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two separated phases in the overall project allows design to progress and stay close to the brief prior to construction without constraints of pressure by contractor team and time client is able to achieve a building that follows the brief (exactly) through successive iterations with the architect architect gains rights and control during construction phase that allows quality and client’s needs to be met low risk for client as liability during construction is taken by the contractor client has certainty over design quality and cost with expectations of the final outcome
considerable amount implied towards detailing of bespoke items by specialists
Disadvantages 1
2
separation of design (pre-construction) phase and construction phase will imply complications and possible confusions during tender and construction phase prolonged and extended deliver of building
contract type 2.31
KTa Practice Plan of Work Tyers’ House project will be working based on RIBA Plan of Work 2013
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The client, Friends of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens (FoVPG) has a straightforward rationale to have a new building to commemorate the 17th century Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens to generate awareness and celebration of the historic past. FoVPG appoints K.Teh Architects (KTa) to work on design proposals through iterations to bring alive the ideas and initial brief. FoVPG is financially backed by granted funds and the Lambeth Council land lease which puts the client in a flexible position in the timeline.
The design team encompasses Lambeth Council in which it adheres to the brief as well as the regulations by the authority in order to incur positive impacts for all parties. Design team discusses with DSDHA Architects who had project completed on the same site regarding relevant information that could elevate the robustness of the scheme. General overview about sustainability ideas to be applied into Tyers’ House ie. daylighting and contextual materials.
Practice Plan of Work: Stage 0 The client, Friends of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens has clear ideas and intentions regarding this project which is to revivethe Pleasure Gardens in a contemporary form that is dedicated to the original creator, Jonathan Tyers. FoVPG has worked closely during the brainstorming and conceptual phase in order to capture every possible ideas.
FoVPG requires a bespoke building and spaces which reflects the characteristics of the past. This is awared which affects the procurement of the project team in the later phase.
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practice plan of work 2.41
The initial brief provided by FoVPG is developed by KTa based on the findings and constraints from the site however, staying close to the clear intentions by the client. Taking into considerations of spatial requirements, client expectations of the final outcome and consideration of building construction. KTa to propose suitable schemes of funds to FoVPG so both can work closely to meet the requirements by the funding body during this stage. KTa to work closely with FoVPG without involvement from external project members during this phase. Proposals take into consideration by Lambeth Council as well as the local community to secure cooperation. Identification of risks (see Risk Assessment section). KTa will propose a suitable contract for the client based on the needs of the client which will take position upon approval in the later stage.
Practice Plan of Work: Stage 1 The initial project brief of Tyers’ House has to incorporate the regulations set by Lambeth Council as well as the requirements by the funding body. KTa has to be aware of both parties in order to obtain confirmation and approval. Decisions regarding construction of building and procurement of the project team has to be considered during this phase and discuss alongside the client. Project cost will revolve around the budget from maximum possible grant.
Client brief expands taking account of council regulations and funding body requirements. KTa to be aware of the considerations needed in the construction phase to ease the procedure. Decision of procurement route to be undertaken.
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practice plan of work 2.42
KTa will discuss with FoVPG regarding details of the design ie. acoustic strategy which is important as music is the highlight, security strategy, mechanisms involved in the design, fire safety etc. Concluding this approval, KTa will issue the final project brief. A Traditional Contract procurement route is best for this project as FoVPG has no urgency in building delivery. However, quality is utmost for Tyers’ House with strict cost. Final project brief will be made encompassing all issues raised and it will be fixed. KTa will develop based on that.
Discussion alongside council in order to rationalize the decisions.
Practice Plan of Work: Stage 2 KTa will make references with subcontractors and specialists with consent of the client. KTa will consult with third parties regarding strategies that complement the design which will be used to prepare for tender invitations later on.
KTa will issue a Final Project Brief upon approval by the client during the design phase. Aside, KTa will make initial contact with manufacturer and specialist to consult regarding technical issues of the design as well as through research and development. Planning application will be prepared.
Review of project brief alongside design team prior to issuing of the Final Project Brief.
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practice plan of work 2.43
KTa will develop drawings based on the Final Project Brief which includes structural aspects, construction, services with reference to specialist subcontractors and research. Preparation towards planning application is to be made. KTa will inform and obtain approval by FoVPG regarding cost information and budget. KTa will produce information and documentation needed for tender invitations There is no involvement by contractors during this stage.
Practice Plan of Work: Stage 3 Planning application will be made during this stage. Proposal to Lambeth Council for temporary closure of the park during groundworks, foundation & strutural phase to ease site access and ensure pedestrian safety.
KTa will complete documentations needed. Client involvement will cease once approval and sign-off has been made to which KTa will work based on the issued Final Project Brief.
Review of project strategies between KTa and FoVPG. Change of control procedures following the sign-off of the Concept Design and the Final Project Brief.
KTA will check the developed drawings ensuring that decisions made adheres to the brief and cost information (budget) prior to the next stage.
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practice plan of work 2.44
KTa will produce detailed technical drawings and construction information that is necessary for each specialist subcontractors.
KTa will issue tender invitations.
Final address of planning consent and concluded.
Review of project strategy. KTa will also highlight the impact of construction strategy in terms of health, safety and risks.
Practice Plan of Work: Stage 4 Based on the conclusion regarding planning consent, KTa will work towards producing a complete technical design and documentation annotated with speciďŹ cations, materials and quantities for use by respective disciplines & review by Quantity Surveyor prior to the construction phase. Tender invitations will be made and selected subcontractors will join the project team under coordination and facilitation by KTa. Decision making and rights of control will be held by KTa.
KTa will accept offers from tender invitations based on options that is best and relevant. A complete technical design will be produced by end of this stage for use in the construction phase.
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practice plan of work 2.45
Specialist subcontractors appointed by KTa will work based on the provided information. Inclusive of offsite manufacturing (ie. acoustic strategy panels) and onsite construction works. Building contract will be made between KTa and the contractor team with client consent. Liability will be held by the priciple contractor over problems during construction.
KTa will schedule construction phases to mitigate obstructions and noise production through agreement with the local community.
Update of health, safety and risks strategies to aid in the project handover and post-occupancy activities. KTa will conduct regular check-ups to ensure quality is met.
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Practice Plan of Work: Stage 5 Construction phase will start with involvement of subcontractors in relation to the speciďŹ c portions of work based on the information provided by KTa. Progress checks and inspection by priciple contractor has to be made regularly and reported to KTa. Queries arising during construction will be discussed in site meetings and considered by KTa with factor of relevance and consent of client.
practice plan of work 2.46
KTa and all specialist subcontractors will strive to deliver for handover of the building based on the schedule provided for each portions of work. Inspections will be made prior to ending of tasks. Final inspection by KTa to ensure deliveries are met according to requirements prior to conclude administration of building contract.
Practice Plan of Work: Stage 6 Final inspection of services and performances by KTa before concluding building administration. KTa will consult FoVPG regarding occupancy activities and maintain a relationship to obtain feedbacks relevant for future projects.
Upon successful delivery by specialist subcontractors, KTa will conclude the building contract and facilitate the handover of the building. KTa will maintain relationship with FoVPG to attain feedbacks of post-occupancy. FoVPG will begin preparation for operation and setting out/concluding contracts between clients and external parties ie. Victoria & Albert Museum for permission to obtain artifacts and Vauxhall One for sourcing of services.
GBI will conduct inspections and offer certiďŹ cation based on the output.
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practice plan of work 2.47
Regular checks and services by specialist to ensure optimum performance.
Update project information for a complete documentation of the project which will be needed for future references by KTa and FoVPG.
Practice Plan of Work: Stage 7 Feedbacks of building operation, performance and post-occupancy of Tyers’ House has to be provided and updated to KTa. This allows improvement works to be done. Possibly, extension of the project in the future would benefit from these information. Prior to grand opening of the building, staff training will be held with involvement of volunteers from each supporting body to provide awareness of building operation.
Upon granting of certificate, building has to maintain its performance which require occasional inspection by KTa and specialists.
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practice plan of work 2.48
2016
2017
Design Stage
2018
2019
Construction Stage pre-construction 1 site clearance 2 barricading upon notice of park closure
planning funding
approval
construction 1 piling 2 excavation 3 foundation 4 columns & beams 5 water-proofing & floor slabs 6 walls 7 doors 8 windows 9 roof 10 staircase 11 cladding & support grids for projection screens & exhibits 12 wall finishes acoustic fittings 13 floor finishes 14 mechanical & electrical 15 external infrastructure 16 landscape
Delivery Stage post construction 1 site cleanup 2 deliver and housing of artifacts & exhibits 3 testing & commissioning 4 hand over
}
Project Outline Half-yearly time frame whereby commencement starts from second half of year 2016 with expected delivery of building by early 2019.
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project outline 2.51
Risks: Principal Design Issues 1 Construction taking place onsite close to residential area on the East will require proper scheduling of portion of works based on nature of work, difficulty and type of construction (in-situ or off-site manufactured). Noise generating works such as foundation, piling and casting should be done within regulated hours 9-5 during the day with acknowledgement by the local community and in a controlled environment such as leasing sound barrier walls if conditions do not favor. Installation of acoustic panels, finishes etc can take place at a more flexible timetable if insisted as it produces minor noise. 2 During the heavy construction works in the early stages, the park is scheduled to be closed temporarily due to high risk level towards pedestrian as safety is crucial. Occassional meetings with the local community will aid in satisfaction of residents and feedbacks could enhance construction stages. Alternatively, barricaded walkway for pedestrian to allow safe access across the park for circulation could be provided if insisted and will only be provided after ground and structural works are completed. 3 It has been made clear that quality in Tyers’ House is important so, regular checks (every fortnight and before the end of each portion of work) have to be made. In the situation where the architect is unhappy with the output, revision and ammendments have to be made with respective specialist prior to improvement of the portion of work. 4 Due to the design of the building that incorporates in-situ, large scale walls and mass usage of concrete in certain spaces, construction of this portion of work will be scheduled based on weather conditions to allow proper settlement and curing for best structural integrity to which other specialists could work properly based on that. 5 Provision of clean and proper welfare facilities to aid in the construction process. Fitting-out such as installation of acoustic system & panels, facade mechanism and virtual screen projections must be handled with care. Environment must be ensured safe and free from the water body to prevent electricity transfer. Internal surface dewatering strategies have to be implemented especially during structural construction and unforecasted weather conditions to which operation requires the use of electrical items. 6 In the scenario where cost exceeds the allocated budget, the quality and delivery of the building will not be compromised. With that said, FoVPG will find solutions ie. agreement with Lambeth Council to obtain financial support to which a sinking fund will be established by FoVPG for gradual repayment upon building completion and operation. 6 Valuables and artifacts stored in Tyers’ House will be monitored strictly through trained staff & advanced security strategies. If conditions persist, this risk is transferable towards the security company as often insurance and guarantee is included.
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risk assessment 2.61
Building Maintenance Maintenance of the building post-construction is important to ensure optimum operation of the building which takes into consideration safety and health issues. With that said, K. Teh Architects (KTa) together with subcontractors will point out the measures respective to the portion of work. It can be identified based on two (2) categories: 1
Preventive Maintenance The primary goal is to avoid the consequences of equipment failure in Tyers’ House as the design incorporates multiple technology to aid in the functionality of the gallery-theatre ie. projection screens in the atrium, facade mechanisms, sound radiating structures and light emitting structures. Regular inspection and servicing is necessary with concernts of safety issues. This includes the fire escape staircases and elevator services & inspection of handrails. This routine is to be carried every 3-4 months. Building materials prone to corrosion and rust such as exterior panels, cladding, structural grids for exhibits and pro jection screens and glass frames will be treated and coated to prevent damages. Floor surfaces and glass walk on the ground floor above the archaelogy exhibits are to be cleaned on a regular basis and carefully inspected every 2 months to detect and replace materials. Possibly preventing growth and accumulation of dusts and bacteria which may affect the health of users.
2
Corrective Maintenance This is carried to identify and isolate a fault so that the failure of equipment, machine, system or facilities provided can be restored to the operational condition at optimum level within tolerances of limit established for service operation. Maintenance is carried out on building fixtures, furnitures, fitting and finishes. Minor works such as touch-up of flooring surfaces and repair works should be scheduled immediately and completed within 1-2 days. This ensures that the quality of the building is at its maximum.
Area that requires attention: A
Wading Pool The water system should be inspected quarterly to ensure pipping are not clogged and trapped with large partifles and the storage tank is free from dirt/dust or corrosion to provide clean water to the pool. This is crucial to ensure children using the wading pool is not harmed and system allows efficient drainage of water when performances need to take place on the outdoor stage. This is to be consulted with the specialist involved in this portion of work.
B
Glass Flooring Weekly routine and inspection of the glass walk should be done to ensure the condition of glass panes are in the best shape for the safety of users. Surface is to be cleaned daily to allow maximum visibility of the archaelogy exhibits below for ultimate experience.
C
Virtual Screens Check-ups and changing of screen panels on the walls of the atrium is to be scheduled monthly to allow projections to be done as coordinated. Services is to be done after building operation hours to restrain obstruction to user activity and prevent accidents to users.
D
Light Emitting Structures Monthly cleaning and washing of glass panes and surface of these structures is to be carried in order to allow natural daylighting and passive strategies to function as intended. Removal of stains and dusts that inhibit light into the space is to be practiced to ensure optimum appearance, visibilty and emissivity of glass in the structures.
E
Greeneries & Landscape Planter boxes around the amphitheater are to be maintained. Plants and shrubs will be trimmed every fortnightly by gardeners to ensure intended condition for pleasure and comfort of the public realm.
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maintenance strategy 2.71
materials, construction & performance of Tyers’ House
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Project Office & Site Access Prior to starting of the construction phase, site planning for the placement of project office, material & machine storage and hoarding is crucial to ensure the construction process proceeds accordingly. Ultimately, this is to avoid unwanted complications such as generation of noise or disturbance at the park due to the project situating close to residential area on the Eastern side. Having said that, the construction and delivery route is planned based on the ingree-egress of the site determined during site study. Pedestrian access is not disturbed during the construction phase except during groundworks process to which the entire park will be closed to ensure safety of pedestrian and passer-by. Other than that, access to-from and across the park will be provided in a safe manner using hoarding as barricade. Construction hour is opted between 9.00am to 4.00pm to prevent disturbance to the surrounding community. Upon completion of primary structure, noise blankets will be installed around parts of the building in coherence with the specific parts of construction to mitigate noise. A project showroom will be constructed that greets users entering from the Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens entrance. Information about project and visualization of the Tyers’ House can be ob tained which promotes anticipation and participatory response from the community. page 52
scale 1 : 2000 project showroom site office site storage hoarding pedestrian access parking
site preliminaries 3.11
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Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens, Lambeth location plan
H
nts
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Structural Analysis: Ground Floor Plan M
The structural grid for Tyers’ House is laid out according to the form of the building and distanced according to the suitable parameters of the column size to span ratio. However, this is to be rectified by the structural engineer prior to construction. The ground floor footprint comprises of five (5) large voids which are atriums necessary for the space it caters as stated below: 1 2 3 4 5
N 4
Void for reflection pool & glass walk above the archaeology space Void for the echo hearth on the lower ground which the pinwheel installation sits Void for the colour grinding windmill Central atrium of the building at the open performance space Triple volume atrium at the rehearsal space
O
P
plan approximately 1 : 300 @ A3 reinforced concrete core load bearing wall feature column void below (atrium) fit-in structure (assemble after primary structure erected) flexi-structure (removable) flexi-structu
Q
R
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S
T
U
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W
building structural analysis 3.21
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B
C
3
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Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens, Lambeth location plan
H
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J K L
Structural Analysis: First Floor Plan M
The first floor plate only spans approximitely half of the building. This creates a large atrium overlooking both the ground floor and lower ground floor onto the open performance space. Similarly, there is also a void over at the rehearsal space on this level that creates viewing opportunities for users to spectate the events from a different perspective. 1 2
N 1
Central atrium of the building at the open performance space Triple volume atrium at the rehearsal space
O
plan approximately 1 : 300 @ A3 reinforced concrete core void below (atrium) fit-in structure (assemble after primary structure erected)
P
Q
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S
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building structural analysis 3.22
6
A
B
C
3
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Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens, Lambeth location plan
H
nts
1
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Structural Analysis: Lower Ground Floor Plan M
The structural integrity of the building is made possible by both the structural grid and thicker walls. The decision for having thick concrete walls was based on the primary design intention which is to block noise and create an acoustically sound internal environment. Also, due to the space housing important exhibits of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens from the 17th century, this allows greater thermal mass which is needed to regulate the internal conditions. The lower ground floor plate comprises of several difference in floor level as below: 1 2
N
O
Archaeology exhibition space with a 600mm floor height difference Echo hearth to which the pinwheel installation sits with a 1100mm floor height difference
plan approximately 1 : 300 @ A3
P reinforced concrete core load bearing wall feature column fit-in structure (assemble after primary structure erected)
Q
R
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S
T
U
V
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building structural analysis 3.23
River Thames
Tea House Theatre
Railway Arch
MI6
St. Peter’s Church
Vauxhall Tavern
Soft landscape as noise absorber as well as providing a visual cue towards the building
Combination of flower beds & shrubs
Pedestrian collection points along the pathway to allow pauses
Proposed Site Plan The design of the landscape aims to recreate the environment of the 17th century Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens with linear walks resembling the Grand Walk and the adaptation of the Victorian gardens. The building also seeks to interact with series of follies dispersed around the site on prominent locations reflecting the buildings in the Pleasure Gardens that used to be on. page 56
scale 1 : 1000 at A2 site boundary proposed landscape quadrants building footprint including landscape
general arrangement drawings 3.31
B
29
30
27
28
26
24
Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens, Lambeth location plan 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
True entrance Deflecting floor to disturb water body beneath Reflection pool above Jonathan Tyers’ statue Archaeology glass walk (e) Victorian fashion (e) Mannequin space (e) Token & ticket on wall (e) Crinoline Wind powered windmill installation
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Handel’s music gallery Immersive music pods Autovoyeurism deck Viewing area (e) Handel’s statue Lobby Outdoor public gallery Green viewing deck Seating lounge Atrium (e) Art display along ramp
25
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
39
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nts Colour grinding windmill (e) Backstage gallery (e) Exhibits on turntable within Victorian balconies Male washroom Female washroom Disabled toilet Office Meeting room Loading area Security
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39
Crinoline inspired staircase Outdoor cafe Kitchen Storage Flexi-panel supper boxes Water feature Amphitheater Wading pool completing the journey Outdoor stage
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A 3 1
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A 31
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General Arrangement: Ground Floor Plan
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B
8 12
The ground floor plan translates the series of events narrating the journey to Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens of the 17th century by Jonathan Tyers. The entrance to the building on the West resides on the exact position of the Proprietor’s House which was once the gate to pleasure. With that said, traversing across the horizontal axis from West to East grants the ultimate Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens experience. Navigating across dark and light conditions adapted into the design of the entrance mimics the milieu of the tight walkway between the Corinthian columns of the Proprietor’s House. The play of light using angled skylight combined with water element that is incorporated into the deflecting floor of the entrance leading to the reflection pool and subsequently to the glass walk plays with the ripple effect created from the disturbance of water body caused by used movement. This is a translation of the boat ride across River Thames and the idea of water element to replicate the genius loci. A windmill grinding colour sits within the core of the ground floor which provides pleasure for the sight. Spaces such as music pods creates the absolute immersive sound experience to which users are put into a position completely surrounded by Handel’s (prime composer of the Pleasure Gardens in the 17th century) music in the background. With that said, the building seeks to invigorate all senses. Open performance space allows flexibility of use which merges with the gallery space surrounding it promotes the idea of autovoyeurism that is part of the joy during the past. The rehearsal space for classical dance incorporates the twist and movement of the crinoline dress into the aesthetics and a touch of Victorian-esque completes the transformative space which can also be used for general purposes.
10
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plan approximately 1 : 300 @ A3 refer to appendix for actual scale
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general arrangement drawings 3.32
B 16 15 14 13
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Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens, Lambeth location plan 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Angled skylight Operable ‘butterfly’ skylights Wind powered windmill installation Crinoline inspired staircase stai Timber bridge walkway Rose window (e) Exhibits on turntable within Victorian balconies
8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Colour grinding windmill Ramp Circulation spiral stairs Washroom Jonathan Tyers’ room Private balcony Guest room Private balcony Balcony with hanging flower pots underneath
nts 7
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A
A 8 1
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General Arrangement: First Floor Plan B
The first floor houses a more intimate space which is the accommodation dedicated to Jonathan Tyer’s as a symbolic approach after having named the building after. It will be a space that reflects his personality and characteristic through art and display. There is also a guest room that is rentable. Both having their own private balconies overlooking the amazing Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens. The crinoline staircase brings user to this floor to which users traverse across a glulam bridge with rose windows adorning the openings. It overlooks the rehearsal space beneath. Together with the Victorian balconies, they offer views at different level and perspective. Similarly, the colour within the grinding windmill can be seen rising as a result of passive stack ventilation.
9
plan approximately 1 : 300 @ A3 refer to appendix for actual scale 10
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general arrangement drawings 3.33
B
17 16
15
13
Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens, Lambeth location plan 1 2 3 4 5
(e) Position of Tyers’ statue directly on the horizontal axis (e) Claimed Corinthian columns part of the remnants Echo hearth Pinwheel installation playing music Vault to service room below
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Colour grinding windmill with rotating flooring Gallery space Open performance space Storage Sound control room Ramp from ground floor f Rehearsal & dance room Male washroom Female washroom Disabled toilet
14
nts 16 17
Artifact storage Instrument storage
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A
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General Arrangement: Lower Ground Floor Plan
11
B
The lower ground floor is accessible via the ramp down which allows users to view the art exhibits along. Alternatively, the central circulation which is the glass elevator allows vertical circulation across the building. The central space is an open performance space defined by both the ramp and the atrium. It can be used for different scale performances such as musical bands, dance and art display. This space allows activites which reflect the 17th century Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens to happen and be viewed from all parts of the building. The base of the colour grinding windmill is a rotating floor which encourages user interaction. The echo hearth in which the pinwheel sits is submerged which creates an intimate space whereby users are able to sit around and listen to the tunes played from a mechanical music box powered by the pinwheel. The archaology space will exhibit artifacts, claimed Corinthian columns and the statue of Jonathan Tyers that sits on the horizontal axis looking directly at the slit on the wall. This translates from the metaphor to which the proprietor overlooks the idea of rekindling Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens in the contemporary time (Tyers’ House) happening right infront of his eyes.
7
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plan approximately 1 : 300 @ A3 refer to appendix for actual scale
10
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general arrangement drawings 3.34
General Arrangement: Longitudinal Section A-A
A
This section narrates the complete “Journey to Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens” which highlights the emphasis of the horizontal axis to which the true location of Proprietor’s House once located linearly towards the end of the path in the 17th century Pleasure Gardens which ends with a Reflection fountain. Similarly, the idea was adapted into the design of Tyers’ House to which users traverse from the true entrance on the Western end and unfolds the experience through each subsequent space. A functional water tank with a deflective flooring starts the journey as users walk across moving platforms imitating the boat ride with direct light angled onto the surface using skylights. This results in a space with ripple shadows. The glass walk extends into the building that enlarges in volume to which the pinwheel installation sits and is powered passively using wind that flows through the automated skylight opening above. A windmill that grinds colour provides visual pleasure as mist of colours inject the building via stack ventilation. Towards the Eastern end of the horizontal journey portrays movement inspired by dance and crinoline being part of the Pleasure Gardens elements. The use of glulam timber (aromatic cedar which has scent adds to the senses) as material for the roof of the cen tral atrium, crinoline staircase and cafe allows movement to fill the voids of the architecture.
A
section approximately 1 : 150 @ A3 refer to appendix for actual scale
Tyers’ House
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key plan
1 2
24
True entrance Cast in-situ concrete functional water tank Deflective flooring with stainless steel support and rubber flooring Angled skylights held by lattic metal frame cladded with reflective aluminium sheets Pre-fabricated monolithic acryllic ‘water bowl’ on metal frame Position of Tyers’ statue on brick flooring Filtered, clean earth Metal frame with acryllic panel provides transparency to the floor Automated aluminium frame ‘butterfly’ skylight with steel support Glass railing with timber head
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Automaded rotating 25 stainless steel skylight 26 Pinwheel installation as fit-in Music box powered by 27 spinning pinwheel Slit in the wall Echo hearth seating area a 28 Service and geothermal room Colour grinding windmill 29 Aluminium railing with different heights for both adult and 30 children Pre-casted autoclaved aerated concrete form to the shape of conc the grinder base Exposed elevator with glazing Aromatic cedar glulam panels to hide exposed corners Opening within wall enclosed using aluminium frame and glazing Timber staircase with aromatic cedar glulam overhead structure Insul-deck roof
Aluminium cap for windmill Aromatic cedar glulam strip support for thermal bridging glass Composite bondek profile flooring with underfloor heating pipes Reinforced concrete slab Reinfo roof Pre-fabricated aromatic cedar glulam strip roof with metal support Amphitheater with timber panel flooring
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general arrangement drawings 3.35
General Arrangement: Transverse Section B-B This transverse section highlights one of the key spaces of Tyers’ House which is the rehearsal and dance room. This space will primarily be used for performance rehearsals and classical dance. This voluminous space can also be used for general purposes and rented. The design of this space incorporates the dance and crinoline as elements using glulam as an aesthetic material together with Victorian-esque inspirations of the balconies. Acoustic is important in this space to allow optimum performance to which both hard and soft materials are used such as solid concrete, dense timber, soft draperies and acoustic treatments ie. foam, sound barrier. Light also plays an important role in the poetics of this space whereby skylights facing towards the South allows both direct and indirect lighting. Using translucent drapes on the triple height wall bounces soft direct light into the space and creates shadow and movement as the light material sways. Grids are also laid out for tiling on the walls of this space similar to the Majolica House which will induce colour into creating a more joyful space such as the vibrant Pleasure Gardens. The space towards the North are functional spaces which is used for the operation of the building such as management, loading and unloading, storage etc.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
section approximately 1 : 150 @ A3 refer to appendix for actual scale
9
Brick flooring over RC slab to increase thermal mass Pre-casted autoclaved aerated concrete form to the shape of the grinder base Carbon fiber reinforced steel structure with glazing for structu windmill Aluminium railing with different heights for both adults and children Aromatic cedar glulam panels to hide exposed corners Brick flooring over concrete conc slab with underfloor heating pipes Glass railing with timber head Acoustic panels to sound engineers specifications Composite bondek profile flooring over steel I-beam support
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Automaded aluminium frame ‘butterfly’ skylight with steel support Aluminium cap for windmill Aromatic cedar glulam strips secured using galvanized ties as a support for glass Fire escape 1 Aromatic cedar glulam support structure Timber bridge walkway Timber panel with opening for installation of rose window Aromatic glulam overhead door arch Pre-fabricated wrought iron balcony to architect’s specifications Wall tiling grid Aromatic cedar glulam strip supporting glass acting as skylight
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
B
Aromatic cedar glulam strip held using galvanized ties on one end and hooked over CHS beam Circular hollow section roof support Translucent draping on automated vertical curtain rails secured to wall Aluminium composite cladding and skylight facing South Foam filled thick walls for acoustics and insulation Washroom 100mm drop Fire escape 2 Elevator 2 Roller shutter at loading bay Steel structure supporting balcony Resin planters tie on the underside with TECNI cable trellis Lightweight steel frame for manually operated blinds to rest on Privacy louvres ETFE pillow roof
B
Tyers’ House
nts
key plan
11
35 24
12 20
13
23
33
34
16 25
21 22
10
32 9
15
26
31
19
8 18
29
30
7
6
26
5 14
17
3
27
4 1
28
26
2
page 61
general arrangement drawings 3.36
True Entrance
1. 2.
(for Deflective Floor detail, see detail 1)
3. 4.
Tyers’ House
nts
key section a-a
5.
6.
7. 8. Interior of functional water tank
9.
Structural Detail 1: Reinforced Concrete Slab & Water Tank The reinforced concrete floor slab at the true entrance is thermally broken with its adjacent slab to prevent bridging. The slab is constructed after the completion of the reinforced concrete water tank to which the steel reinforcement is extended for the entrance slab to be tied with during casting. Drop of the slab to ground level is 100mm to prevent inflow of debris and water from the external into the building. The water tank is a monolithic, cast-on site structure. Prior to that, a 100mm thick concrete blinding is constructed as a secondary support to which this allows insulation membrane and liquid applied waterproofing to hold on the angled structure more easily as well as holding the water tank thereafter. Subsequently, damp proof membrane is to be applied around the interior perimeter of the tank to prevent water seeping from the slab into the archaeology space walls. 10.
detail scale 1 : 30 @ A3 refer to appendix longitudinal section a-a
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
50mm gap to be encase with rubber sheet Capillary break integrated into thermal break component to prevent thermal conduction 100mm drop to ground level 200mm thick edge of reinforced concrete slab Steel reinforcement extending from RC water tank for floor slab tie Schock thermal break to prevent thermal bridging 100mm thick concrete conc blinding 150mm thick rigid insulation board
9 10 11 12 13
Reinforced concrete slab of water tank resting above concrete blinding Damp proof membrane applied at the internal perimeter of water tank Reinforced concrete structural beam to engineer’s engineer specification Reinforced concrete pad foundation to engineer’s specification 150mm x 200mm sill plate
11.
12
13
page 62
building structural detail 3.41
Reflection Pool
1. 2.
(for Reflection Pool detail, see detail 2)
3.
Tyers’ House
nts
key section a-a
4.
Archaeology Space
5.
6. 7.
Structural Detail 2: Archaeology Space Wall & Floor The archaeology space exhibiting artifacts of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens require special attention in order to provide a proper internal condition suitable for the care of the artifacts. The design incorporates thicker wall as structural support for the building as well as increasing the thermal mass load in that zone to avoid overheating during hot weather. This is crucial to regulate an optimal internal environment. Thicker insulation is also opted. The floor has a special characteristic closely tied to the idea of excavation and archaeology to which filtered, clean earth from groundworks are filled back into a structural perimeter which is a design intention but also performs as a cooling strategy for the space. Having said that, the exposed faces of structural elements to earth must be treated using geo-textile membrane layers and liquid applied damp proof membrane to sandwich the insulation. This prevents damage of the insulation layer and maintain separation between both entities.
8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
detail scale 1 : 30 @ A3 refer to appendix longitudinal section a-a 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
100mm thick concrete blinding 200mm thick rigid insulation board Continuous liquid applied damp proof membrane 200mm x 200mm sill plate Full solid reinforced concrete wall acting as load bearing retaining wall 100mm x 220mm brick floor with 10mm grout Pre-fabricated modular steel plate bolted to slab to hoist brick which rests on 100mm air gap separating brick and earth
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Filtered, clean earth from site groundworks to be filled at 600mm depth Protruding steel reinforcement for tie and cast of retaining wall Vapour barrier Capillary break to break the bond b between RC slan and RC wall Geo-textile membrane to separate earth from insulation and concrete Reinforced concrete structural beam to engineer’s specifications Reinforced concrete pad foundation engineer’s specifications to engineer
15.
page 63
building structural detail 3.42
(for Colour Grinding Windmill detail,see detail 4) 1. 2. Music box powered by spnning of pinwheel
3.
Tyers’ House
nts
key section a-a
4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Echo Hearth 9. 10.
Structural Detail 3: Pre-fabricated Service Room & Underfloor Heating Underneath the Echo Hearth to which the pinwheel installation sits is the service space accesible via a vault ladder. This element is pre-casted using autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC). Reason being this material has air particles which results in a highly thermally insulative finish thus, does not require additional insulation. It is also lightweight. During fabrication of this form, the edges meeting the adjacent slab of in-situ elements are roughened in order to generate shear load between surfaces and prevent separation. Similarly, steel reinforcement is required to be extended to allow reinforcement with in-situ slabs at the lower ground. Having said that, the connection is thermally broken to avoid bridging effect. The flooring of the building aside from concrete and brick is layered with olefin carpet. The property of this flooring material is hydrophobic which dries quickly and not prone to milder from atmospheric moisture. This is most appropriate as it will overcome the issue of cleanliness especially when high density of users navigate in-out from the building during rainy day. It is opted as this coarse-textured carpet is intended to mimic the gravel pavement in the Pleasure Gardens. Furthermore, it is also able to dampen sound and improve the overall acoustics of the building so as to comply with building regulations Part E.
11.
12.
13.
detail scale 1 : 30 @ A3 refer to appendix longitudinal section a-a
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Solid thick concrete load bearing wall 100mm x 220mm brick floor with 10mm grout Hydrophobic olefin carpet Aluminium angled skirting to hold carpet in-place and avoid displacement 20mm cement screed 150mm thick rigid insulation board Liquid applied damp proof membrane Thermo-floor UFH pipe held using tacker clips
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Schock thermal break to prevent thermal bridging Steel reinforcement extending from RC slab and AAC structure Reinforced concrete structural beam to engineer’s specifications Reinforced concrete pad foundation Reinfo to engineer’s specifications 350mm thick Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) monolithic slab 100mm compartment for rubber pad flooring Thicker edge of AAC to grip onto the earth and avoid sinking
14.
15.
page 64
building structural detail 3.43
1.
2.
Tyers’ House
nts
key section a-a
3.
4. Exposed Glass Lift
5. 6. 7. 8.
Structural Detail 4: Basement Wall
9.
Waterproofing and insulation is key in treating the basement wall hence, liquid damp proof membrane is to be applied continously. Rigid thermal insulation board is used as a bond break material. A capillary break is also needed as it creates a barrier between the reinforced concrete slab and wall together with sill plates to hinder bridging. 10.
detail scale 1 : 30 @ A3 refer to appendix longitudinal section a-a
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
100mm x 300mm concrete block panel with exposed finishing 20mm cement screed 150mm thick rigid thermal insulation board 230mm thick reinforced concrete wall as retaining structure Continuous liquid applied damp proof membrane Olefin carpet flooring Aluminium skirting to hold carpet in-place 600mm deep anchor bolt
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
11. 12. 70mm diameter footing drain Capillary break to break the bond between RC slab and wall Reinforced concrete structural beam and slab to engineer’s specifications 100mm x 250mm sill plate 100mm x 220mm brick with 10mm grout g 20mm cement screed Vapour barrier to prevent moisture 150mm thick rigid insulation board Reinforced concrete pad foundation to engineer’s specifications
13. 14. 15. 16. 17.
page 65
building structural detail 3.44
1.
2.
Tyers’ House
nts
key section a-a
3.
4. 5.
Structural Detail 5: Connection of Interior & Exterior Floor Slab The Supper Box Cafe is an open concept space. Therefore, it is of exterior conditions to which the construction has to take into account the connection between the interior and exterior slabs. Both of the slabs are thermally broken at the point where the opening of the door towards the cafe is. This is done to prevent seepage of heat and cold into the building. Having said that, consideration of insulative door is also necessary Opening between thick wall
detail scale 1 : 30 @ A3 refer to appendix longitudinal section a-a 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Steel reinforced concrete lintel above door frame 3500mm high door frame Acoustic panels to sound engineer’s specifications Timber tread with clear acryllic riser cover riser: 175mm,tread: 250mm Aluminium frame with glazing Olefin carpet flooring 100mm x 220mm brick floor Aluminium skirting for carpet Reinforced concrete slab with thicker edge (exterior) Vapour barrier
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Crinoline inspired staircase
Supper Box Cafe 6. 7. 8.
Schock thermal break to prevent thermal bridging 100mm thick rigid insulation board 100mm x 120mm sill plate Continuous liquid applied damp proof membrane Vapour barrier to be applied under brick flooring 20mm cement screed Reinforced concrete slab Thermo-floor UFH pipes held onto slab using tacker clips 50mm thick foam insulation to prevent dissipation of underfloor heat Audioseal sound barrier to line the underside of slab for acoustics
9.
10.
20.
19. 18.17. 16.
15.
11.
12.
13. 14.
page 66
building structural detail 3.45
Colour Grinding Windmill
Tyers’ House
nts
key section b-b
1.
2. Fire Escape
Structural Detail 6: Composite Floor Decking The choice of composite floor decking with metal bondek profile on the first floor is because of the opportunities is offers other than allowing a greater span with the use of steel I-beams. The deck provides space underneath that can be utilized as service compartments such as underfloor heating pipes as well as rigid board insulation to ensure the heating pipes does not dissipate heat loss. The unique profile of bondek also enables fixtures of false ceiling with the use of bon-nut attached to the underside of the decking. In this case, acoustic panels is opted as the ceiling finish to improve acoustic qualities of the building. The exposed cora ners of the flooring is encase using aromatic cedar glulam panels to improve the overall aesthetics. detail scale 1 : 20 @ A3 refer to appendix longitudinal section a-a
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Carbon-fibre reinforced steel structure with glazing Olefin carpet flooring 50mm diameter timber head for handrail 900mm height aluminium railing Clear glass for the handrails secured to the post using metal clips Aluminium skirting to hold carpet flooring in position 100mm thick poured concrete slab on bondek conc profile Steel I-beam around the perimeter of the void Aromatic cedar glulam panels pre-fabricated fixed onto the corners using galvanized metal brackets
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
3. 4.
5.
6.
7. 8. Connection between steel I-beams using L-profile metal plate and bolts 40mm x 40mm steel bracings to which the composite deck is fixed onto Thermo-floor UFH pipe secured to steel I-beam for underfloor heating Acoustic panels to sound engineer’s specifications fixed using bon-nut 50mm thick foam insulation to prevent dissipation of underfloor heat Audioseal sound barrier lining for acoustic qualities Steel reinforcement from core to be connected to composite deck for structural integrity
9.
10. 11. 12. 13.
14. 15. 16.
page 67
building structural detail 3.46
Structural Detail 7: Pre-cast Windmill Floor Slab
Tyers’ House
The colour grinding windmill is a fit-in structure assembled on-site upon completion of the in-situ elements and the connection of the pre-fabricated component to which this structure sits above. Hence, it is important to ensure that the pre-fabricated slab follows the base of the structure to allow proper connection. The slab will be casted off-site using autoclaved aerated concrete which has air particles allowing high thermal insulation without the need of rigid insulation. The structure is lightweight which eases both transportation and assembly. Similarly, the ends to be joined with in-situ slabs on the lower ground floor will be roughened to allow shear load to prevent separation of entities. Both pre-cast and in-situ components will have extruded steel reinforcement to allow tie and connection. The underside of the slab is corrugated to increase surface area for grip and avoid sinking. A thermal break is needed to mitigate thermal bridging between structures.
1
detail approximately 1 : 30 @ A3 refer to appendix longitudinal section a-a
7
2 3 4 5 6
8 9 10
nts
key section b-b
11 1. 2.
12 13
3.
Colour Grinding Windmill
14 15
Rehearsal & Dance Room 4.
16 17 18 19
5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
20 21 22 23 24
Carbon-fibre reinforced steel structure with glazing Aluminium handrail with different heights for both adult and children Foam-filled thick walls for acoustics and insulation Wall tiling grid 100mm thick concrete pre-cast panels cladded using metal bracket Audioseal sound barrier lining the voids of the thick wall to reduce airborne sound from transmitting through walls, floors and ceilings Timber panel flooring for the turntable of the windmill Olefin carpet flooring Vapour barrier 100mm x 220mm brick flooring on 20mm cement screed Aluminium skirting bolted into wall to hold carpet flooring in position 28mm thick screed board flooring finishing to reduce reverberation of sound if left alone as concrete flooring 30mm x 30mm timber batons to support the flooring panels Thermo-floor UFH pipes held using tracker clips 100mm thick rigid thermal insulation board Damp proof membrane Reinforced concrete slab Reinforced concrete structural beam to engineer’s specifications engineer Reinforced concrete pad foundation to engineer’s specifications 120mm diamater rotating wheel for the colour grinding windmill Steel chasis supporting the base and moving turntable Dynamo coils powering the windmill as turntable rotates which creates induction Compartment for colours Valve for the release of colour mists into the vertical shaft
11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.
19.
24.
23.
22.
21.
20.
page 68
building structural detail 3.47
1.
2.
Tyers’ House key section a-a
nts
3.
4. 5.
Detail 1: Deflecting Floor
6.
The flooring along the walkway from the true entrance is a translation of the boat ride across River Thames towards Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens during the 17th century as well as to incorporate the water element into the building. Based on the construction of seesaw to which the central pivot allows movement and deflection from the origin similar to the central gravity of the boat atop of the river. The floor plate held using stainless steel structure secured on the walls of the water tank allows deviation of about 50mm. Subsequently, this undulation disturbs the water body below and creates a space filled with ripple effect through reflection of light from the skylight. The flow of water extends into the reflection pool via a tube which follows the same principle to create shadow play as well as promotes a cooler internal environment in terms of building performance.
7.
detail approximately 1 : 50 @ A3 refer to appendix longitudinal section a-a
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
30mm x 200mm non-slip rubber pad flooring forsafety purposes Pre-fabricated stainless steel plate for flooring and support Steel central pivot rod that allows movement Steel hollow support with plates to be secured to the walls of the water tank secu Aluminium frame with glazing to allow reflection of ripples Polycarbonate tube to channel water into the reflection pool Reinforced concrete cast in-situ tank
page 69
building design detail 3.51
1.
Tyers’ House
2.
nts
key section a-a
Connection to water tank tank slab using bolts Polycarbonate pipe Steel angle for acrylic to slot in with silicone beads and secured using silicone 20mm thick clear monolithic acrylic ‘bowl’
3.
Steel primary structure welded to frame with silicone laminates detail scale 1 : 20 @ A3 4.
Detail 2: Reflection Pool & Glass Walk This structure is made up of two componenet utilizing similar support structure being the steel frame as primary support. Acrylic is chosen as the material substituting glass of almost similar properties. Despite, acrylic is much lighter and offers varying thicknesses and span with great structural integrity. It is opted due to its capability of withstanding great load and pressure incurred by the water. One of the component is the monolithic acrylic ‘bowl’ that is casted according to the shape intended for the reflection pool. Secondly, are pre-fabricated individual acrylic panels which is the flooring finishing. Ultimately, this allows transparency across the archaeology space below. Meanwhile, the metal frames act as load bearer and are welded together. Junctions and edges are treated with silicone laminates and silicone beadings between the slots to prevent friction and abrasion that could damage the arcylic. detail on right approximately 1 : 50 @ A3 refer to appendix longitudinal section a-a
1 2 3 4
Monolithic 20mm thick clear acrylic ‘bowl’ sitting on steel structure Pre-fabricated individual acrylic panels fitting in between steel frame Steel secondary support structure Steel frame welded together for structural integrity
5 6 7
Direct position above Jonathan Tyers’ statue position Clear polycarbonate pipe (detail of frame to slab connection as shown)
6.
page 70
5.
building design detail 3.52
(detail of CHS and support connection as shown) 1.
2.
3. 4.
Tyers’ House
nts
key section b-b
5.
6.
CHS support to be filled with foam Farrat Thermal Break strip Corner flashing with sealant Double glazing skylight
10.
Silicone between panel gaps Aluminium composite cladding Metal brackets with screw 11.
External
detail scale 1 : 20 @ A3
Detail 3: Aluminium Composite Cladding for Skylight The South-facing skylight above the rehearsal and dance room allows both direct and indirect light into the space. However, measures have to be taken to prevent excessive direct light into the space that will cause overheating. This is avoided by positioning the openings at an angle and control light penetration using means of different materials. The primary support of the skylight is a circular hollow section held by steel columns. Despite the hollow section, it is opted to be filled with foam to insulation and prevention of cold bridging. To further avoid thermal bridging, the structure will be lined with Farray Thermal Break strips on both sides facing the exterior. Waterproofing using polyethylene membrane sheet is need on both sides as well prior to fixture of brackets over lattice support for cladding. Silicone lining is needed at ends of cladding panel meeting the CHS support to void conduction as well as cushioning the friction between metal entities allowing minimal expansion during hot weather.
7.
8.
12.
detail approximately 1 : 30 @ A3 refer to appendix longitudinal section a-a 13. 1 2 3 4 5 6
20mm thick aluminium composite cladding panel Lattice rail support welded to primary CHS Circular hollow section to be filled with foam Double glazing glass frame Galvanized metal tie bolting aromatic cedar glulam strips in place Aromatic cedar glulam strips for aesthetics
7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Wall tiling grid Wrought iron Vistorian-esque balcony Pre-fabricated aromatic cedar glulam strips for aesthetics Translucent drapery on automatic vertical curtain rails Metal tie with hook Aromatic glulam strip supported by hook on CHS beam CHS support column
9.
page 71
building design detail 3.53
1.
A
A
2.
Tyers’ House
3.
nts
key plan showing position of colour grinding windmill
Detail 4: Colour Grinding Windmill The precedent applied onto this concept design is based on the turning mechanism of a coiled dynamo. Thereafter, this structure is expected to rotate horizontally aided by support structures sitting over a pre-cast autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) form that fits the underside shape of the windmill. A turntable platform encloses the primary structure whereby it allows users of all ages to participate and this encourages user interaction. Subsequently, rotation of the turntable as users push using the handrail will cause induction as the structure spins around a coiled dynamo below. Hence, this will power the colour compartment to which it opens the valve subsequently releasing mist of colours into the shaft that rises throughout the core of the building via stack ventilation. plan scale 1 : 50 @ A3 refer to appendix longitudinal section a-a
1 2 3 4 5
Aluminium cap Carbon-fibre reinforced steel structure Clear glazing to prevent emmision of colorful mist out from shaft Timber panel flooring for the turntable Aluminium handrail with different heights for both adult and children
6 7 8 9
4. 5.
6. Colour compartment and colour releasing valve Steel chasis supporting the base and turntable 120mm diameter rotating wheel Pre-casted autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) base to the underside shape of the windmill to allow smooth rotation of the structure
2.
6.
7.
7.
8.
8.
9.
9. Plan of windmill
Axonometric nts
page 72
building design detail 3.54
towards a passive design & accordance to building regulations
page 73
Passive Ventilation & Cooling Strategy prevailing wind
A
Wind direction has been identified prevailing from the North-East. Despite the buiding design that mainly opens across the horizontal axis from West to East due to site opportunities and constraints in which the Eastern faces the vast openess of the Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens park as opposed to the Northern face that lacks view. Thereafter, cross ventilation and stack ventilation is adopted into the design. Having said that, constant wind moving from the North-East is not neglected as the vertical elements of Tyers’ House allows an extent of usage of wind mainly the voluminous echo hearth that is angled towards the direction of prevailing wind on-site. This allows certain amount of air to be drawn into the space via an automated skylight. With that said, the design of the space incorporates a gentle curvature which allows air movement to sweep across the walls and subsequently into the building with less dissipation of energy. Having said that, a pinwheel installation sits beneath the triple volume space is most suitable as wind will power the mechanism and triggering the musical box to play tunes.
A
Stack ventilation is also utilized whereby the colour grinding windmill takes advantage in which a negative pressure will always surround the cap of the shaft as wind traverses across the building roofline. This creates a vertical suction which enables mist of colour to rise naturally and escape into the external environment. Apart from that, operable ‘butterfly skylight also enables stack ventilation to occur. The design of the building with numerous large atriums also allows ventilation to happen. The use of passive ventilation inside the building allows regulation of internal environment to provide a controlled ambience for the exhibits and artifacts. This is crucial especially during summer as the building design combines both light and heavy structures as well as openings that could all participate in building heat gains. However, this passive strategy has to be scheduled accordingly and performed such as opening of skylights and doors when needed so that the internal condition is not disrupted. It will most likely be seen adopted during hot weather to which the openings of the buildings will be scheduled after operation hours to allow ventilation to happen in order to remove absorbed heat. 1 2 3 1
Tyers’ House
4
nts
key plan
5 2
6
Prevailing wind from North-East will be partially captured by the opening on the roof level and channelled into the building to ventilate and power the pinwheel Lower pressure around the roof level caused by moving air particles which induces movement of air within the vertical shaft upwards naturally Suction created within the windmill draws in hot air on c the lower ground floor and escapes via the cap Passive stack ventilation whereby hot air rises through gaps and openings on the floor which is faster as compared to using floor slabs Openings on both ends almost in a straight line is able to achieve successful cross ventilation to remove stale indoor air and generate air movement for ventilation and internal inte regulation across the building Thermally massive material (highligted in red) allows absorption and storage of heat during the day to avoid overheating which is removed via ventilation at the end of the day Heat & warm air Cold moving air
5
4 4
4
5
6 3
page 74
passive design strategy 4.11
Passive Daylighting Strategy sun path
The design intention puts emphasis on light conditions as one of the elements extracted from the 17th century Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens. Having said that, the considerations of daylighting has been highlighted and placed accordingly such as the louvres above the deflecting floor along the true entrance. Angles are controlled to allow light into the space to create ripple shadows. It allows indirect lighting to shower the space as openings of the louvres prohibits direct sunlight. This is similarly adapted into the voluminous echo hearth that allows daylight to be diffused as light bounces on the curvature of the wall which creates a soft environment. The roof plates are also angled towards the Eastern primarily to capture the morning sun and allow daylighting as the roof tapers towards the Western end of the building which avoids the evening sun that is much hotter.
B
A
A B
2
However, the case is different in the rehearsal and dance room to which skylights are intentionally placed facing South which draws in direct light into the space. Direct light is controlled using soft draperies which filters light and also provides interesting shadow plays as this light, soft veils undulate.Concerns of overheating in the space is treated using insulation and double glazing.
Tyers’ House
key plan showing position of rehearsal & dance room in relation to the sun path diagram
1 nts 2
Angles of the roof and echo hearth allows the morning sun which is cooler to illuminate the building primarily at the atrium which is important to achieve proper lighting qualities while being shaded from the evening sun Direct sunlight between 11am to 1pm penetrates the space which is filtered by having soft drapes whereas the angle of the skylights receives daylight relatively throughout the day as according to the sun path
1
Section A-A
Section B-B
page 75
passive design strategy 4.12
Rainwater Harvesting As the building incorporates water body into the design, considerations of rainwater harvesting has been made to replenish the consumption of water used during building operation such as renewing the water body inside the tank and reflective pool that is scheduled every 2 months, building cleaning, washroom, cafe use, wading pool and landscape irrigation. Therefore, taking advantage of collecting rainwater and storing would significantly reduce operational and maintenance cost. On top of that, one of the key design which is the angled wall and roof also allows this process to be done more easily. Rainwater will be collected at seven (7) main points and channeled to the water tank for storage. However, a pump may be needed to transport water against gravity up into the tank to which it can be placed at the service room beneath the Echo Hearth.
B
A
A B
1 2 3
Tyers’ House
nts
key plan
4 5
Functional water tank beneath deflective flooring that is the storage for rainwater harvesting Pump to transport filtered, clean water into the storage tank and to the wading pool Rainwater collection point with pipping to be concealed within walls Water filtration and horizontal water pump Wading pool that requires filtered water as it will be used mainly by childrens as an outdoor activity
Washroom 3
Washroom 2
Washroom 1
Location of water filter and horizontal water pump
Supply of collected rainwater to washroom across all floors
Gravity pump
3
1
2
5
4
page 76
2
passive design strategy 4.13
Geothermal Heating Strategy Having located on a site that is vast and open, the building will be constantly exposed to harsh weather conditions of both extremes heat and cold. Therefore, internal regulation is utmost in order to provide thermal comfort within the building as well as creating a space suitable to house important artifacts. A
Tyers’ House
key plan showing underground geothermal ductworks to central operating unit
Geothermal heating is opted for the building and is integrated into the design of the underfloor heating. Due to the fluctuating outdoor temperature to which the use of active heating, ventilation & air conditioning (HVAC) system solely is not cost efficient. The insulating properties of earth resulting in a constant average underground temperature is an advantage for the building to loop passive heating throughout the year. Furthermore, installation of ductworks for the system is not a hassle as the site offers great surface area for sun exposure. With that said, the ducts can be installed horizontally on the grounds of the park mainly on the East. In the case whereby additional heat load is require, vertical ducts 80m into the ground below the building can be opted as there are no obstructions below ground. However, horizontal installation is preferred as it does not require to bore the ground and is relatively easier. Similarly, the operating unit for the system can be placed at the service space below the Echo Hearh.
A
1 2 3 4 5
Geothermal ductwork installed horizontally on the East approximately 2m below ground level that is looped to the central operating unit Heat-pump unit integrated to underfloor heating Diagram showing the possible installation of internal polyethylene pipes to connect Thermo-floor UFH pipes installed below floor slabs Underfloor heating applied into the design of the floor slabs (see detail 6)
nts
4
1
3
2
page 77
passive design strategy 4.14
Running distance
Shortest escape route from fire staircase 1 via the loading area towards assembly point 1
1
3
2
Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens, Lambeth location plan 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
nts
Building evacuation assembly point 1 and site exit towards Tyers’ Street for safety Building evacuation assembly point 2 and site exit towards Kennington Lane Fire staircase 1 serving from the lower ground floor Smoke curtain as means of preventing access to the Western part of the building Fire staircase 2 serving from the first floor Smoke curtrain to be installed around the perimeter of the atrium to protect escape routes and prevent smoke from rising via the atrium Fire staircase 3 serving from the lower ground floor
5
4 Running distance
Shortest escape route from fire staircase 2 via the via outdoor amphitheater towards assembly point 1
Legislation: Fire Strategy The planning of the building design takes into consideration of fire escapes and running distance in the early stage to provide a safe environment for users and occupants of the building. The design of the building requires three (3) fire staircases within reinforced concrete cores in order to comply with the building regulations Part B. They are spread across the vertical axis for optimal distances between floors. Consideration about nearest escape routes has also been made to allow safe evacuation. In the extreme event whereby building fails, the Eastern entrance will be block from access at all cost as this space will be hazardous during panic situations due to uneven flooring and the acryllic flooring above the archaeology space that is prone to damage by heat. Hence, fire curtain should be installed two prevent occupants from accessing that area.
6 Running distance
plan approximately 1 : 300 @ A3 refer to appendix for actual scale
7
Shortest escape route from fire staircase 3 via the via secondary entrance towards assembly point 2
page 78
building legislation 4.21
Legislation: Building Accessibility
3
1
A
A
2
Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens, Lambeth location plan 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Public access 1 to building directly across the horizontal axis across the rarilway viaduct Public access 2 to building via the secondary building entrance from Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens Intermediate public access into the building via the Western end of the building Vertical circulation via exposed elevator with glazing Crinoline inspired staircase to the first floor Disabled toilet Service lift that can also accommodate disabled access Ramp from ground floor to lower ground floor with art display along the sides Spiral staircase serving mezzanine viewing deck to first floor level Outdoor staircase to mezzanine viewing deck
The idea of egalitarian as a design concept in the early stage is adapted into the planning of the building in relation to building regulations Part L & Part M. Tyers’ House seeks to be used for users of all social strata. Hence, the egalitarian simply means ‘for all’ which puts the emphasis on catering the building to be accessed at the utmost possible manner. Circulation across horizontal and vertical of the building takes into consideration disabled access. Having a central circulation core comprising of public elevators and the crinoline inspired staircase allows vertical access within the building. Meanwhile, ramps wrapping around from the ground floor to the lower ground allows both movement across spaces and activities such as viewing of arts and exhibits along the ramp to happen concurrently. Public access to the building is also clustered from the private and service spaces such as the office and loading area which are recessed towards the north forming a group of spaces segregated from the public.
Vertical and horizontal circulation within building Disabled access
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Access into the building is from two (2) main directions, directly from the true entrance and from the entry of Vauxhall Pleasure Gardens park. This improves the sense of public realm to which the building is permeable. nts
plan approximately 1 : 300 @ A3 refer to appendix for actual scale
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Section A-A
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building legislation 4.22
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Bibliography 1
Books Building Acoustics, 1st Edition, Tor Erik Vigran, 2008 Building Construction Illustrated, 5th Edition, Francis D. K. Ching, 2014 Construction and Design Manual Theatres and Concert Halls, Birgit Schmolke, 2011 Making Space for Theatre British Architecture and Theatre since 1958, 1st Edition, Ronnie Mulryne, Margaret Shewring, 1995 Music, Acoustics & Architecture, Leo L. Beranek, 1962 The Ideal Theatre: Eight Concepts, 1st Edition, Margaret Cogswell, 1965 The Modern Mode Theatre Architecture, Stage Design, Lighting, 1st Edition, Hannelore Schubert, 1971 Vauxhall Gardens : A History, David E. Coke & Dr. Alan Borg, 2011 Victorian & Edwardian Theatres, Victor Glasstone, 1975
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Documents RIBA Plan of Work 2013 UK Building Regulations
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Websites https://www.biglotteryfund.org.uk/ http://www.fovpg.com/ https://www.lambeth.gov.uk/ http://nineelmslondon.com/ (Information & Photo) http://www.planningportal.gov.uk/buildingregulations/ https://www.ribaplanofwork.com/ http://suncalc.net/ (Sun Path Diagram) https://susanaellisauthor.wordpress.com/ (Vauxhall Gardens) https://www.vam.ac.uk/ (Jonathan Tyers & Handel) http://www.vauxhallgardens.com/ http://vauxhallone.co.uk/ https://www.youngvic.org/ (Precedent Study)
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Consultants Architect: Larissa Johnston of Larissa Johnston Architects Structural Engineer: Orlando Gibbons of ARUP & Associates Environmental Engineer: Hareth Pochee & Max Fordham Studio Tutors: Shaun Murray, Simon Withers & Yorgos Loizos
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Interview David E. Coke, author of Vauxhall Gardens : A History
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bibliography 5.00
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