January–February 2016

“The Life” Cel ebra t in g t he a r ts, cu ltu re, a nd s us t a inabilit y o f t he H awa iia n I s la n d s For those who love life on Hawai‘i Island Seventh Anniversary Edition

January—February 2016 Ianuali–Pepeluali 2016

WINTER WOOD SHOW 2016 January 9 through February 13 John Mydock Best in Show

Frank Chase Joinery

Michael Patrick Smith Turning Frank Chase Open

Ap

Craig Nichols Sculpture

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ceeds A por votes! r e s at arehwinners ed Pfromarthetn2015 ersSummer hip Wood ShowGunner & Elli go to Kohala WPictured Next to Cafe Pesto and Kohala Divers in Kawaihae

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“The Life” Celebrating the a r ts, culture, a nd susta inabilit y of the Ha wa iia n Isla nd s

January—February 2016 ‘Ianuali–Pepeluali 2016

Art 33 Mele Murals: University of Hawai‘i Hilo, Part 1

By Leilehua Yuen

Business 45 Managing with Aloha: Pono

By Rosa Say 88 Celebrating a Long Time Advertiser with Ke Ola Kadota Liquors and Kʻs Drive-In

Culture 47 Gathering Nā Ali‘i

By Denise Laitinen 57 Who am I?

By Ku‘ulei Keakealani

Health 19 Ke Ola Pono: Ka Hula

By Leilehua Yuen

Home 27 The Kona Hotel

By Kate Kealani H. Winter

Keiki 39 Alternative Education for Hawai‘i Island Keiki

By Tiffany Edwards Hunt

Land 63 Hawai‘i Island Nonprofit: Hilo Bayfront Trails Inc. Creating a multi-use trail through scenic downtown Hilo

By Alan D. McNarie

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

79 Yacón

By Sonia R. Martinez

4

Music 71 Songbirds of Miloli‘i Nā Kūpuna, Nā Keiki, and Diana Aki

By Karen Valentine

TO

OC

Find yourself here.

Ocean 67 Worldwide Voyage Hawaiian Star Compass

People 12 Then & Now: The Old Hilo Hospital Ghosts, Peace Corps, and Adult Care

By Alan D. McNarie 20 Rough Ridinʻ Cowboys Show Their Stuff at Pana‘ewa

By Karen Valentine 53 Surf Cowboy: Craig Cunningham

By Catherine Tarleton 59 Dr. Billy Bergin Quarter-century Veterinarian at Parker Ranch

By Catherine Tarleton

Spirit 11 Here Indeed is Kona, part 2

By Kumu Keala Ching

Ka Puana -- Refrain 90 Loyal to the Land, Volume 1,2, and 3 The Legendary Parker Ranch, 750–1950, Aloha ‘Āina Paka

By Dr. Billy Bergin

Departments

69 75 77 80 82 84 86

(800) 800 6886 | www.kalani.com Kalani is a 501(c)3 non-profit educational retreat center

Back issues of Ke Ola available for purchase.

KeOlaMagazine.com

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

Crossword Puzzle Featured Cover Artist: Randy Dahl Farmersʻ Markets Island Treasures Hawai‘i Island Happenings Community Kōkua–Volunteer Opportunities Talk Story with an Advertiser

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Advertiser Index

Mahalo to our advertisers! By recognizing the value of Ke Ola for their marketing, they enable us to perpetuate and immortalize these important stories that deserve to be shared. Please visit them (in person, online, or by phone) and thank them for providing you this copy. Without them, Ke Ola magazine would not exist.

ACCOMODATIONS Kalani 5 Kīlauea Lodge 48

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

ACTIVITIES, CULTURE, EVENTS Aloha Performing Arts Co. 80 Big Island Quilt Shop Hop 38 Botanical World Adventures 22 Carved by Sand at Volcano Art Center 82 Customer Service Training by Manners in Momemtum 38 Dolphin Journeys 41 Downtown Hilo Association 76 FairWind Big Island Ocean Guides 52 Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park Tours 50 Hilo Orchid Society 18 ‘Iolani Luahine Hula Festival 29 InBigIsland.com 62 Kohala Zipline 16 Kohala Grown Farm Tours 60 Kona Boys 65 Palace Theater 76 Panaewa Rodeo Stampede 64 Parker School Gala Benefit 2 Rainbow Friends 83 Waimea Ocean Film Festival 58 Winter Wood Show at Harbor Gallery 3

6

ART, CRAFTS, JEWELRY Ackerman Gallery Akamai Art Supply Charms of Aloha at Harbor Gallery Cindy Coats Gallery Cliff Johns Gallery Colette’s Custom Framing Don Slocum Photographic Images Dovetail Gallery & Design Dunphy Studios Gallery on the Green at Ho‘oulu Farmers’ Market Hawaii Wood Guild Annual Show Hawaiian Dolls Hawi Gallery Art & Ukulele Holualoa Gallery Holualoa Ukulele Gallery Hula Lamps Isaacs Art Center (at Hawaii Preparatory Academy) Ipu Arts Plus Ipu Kane Gallery Jan Orbom Wood Sculpture Jeannie Garcia, Fine Artist Mary Ellen Clagett, Artist Mountain Gold Jewelers Pat Pearlman Designs Showcase Gallery & Beads Simple Elegance Gems

16 36 36 24 70 32 41 26 70 25 78 37 17 26 26 14 74 26 16 25 49 56 55 26 70 66

AUTOMOTIVE Precision Auto Repair

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Ke Ola recognizes the use of the ‘okina [‘] or glottal stop, as one of the eight consonants of (modern) Hawaiian language; and the kahakō [ā] or macron (e.g., in place names of Hawai‘i such as Pāhoa).

Ke Ola respects the individual use of these markings for names of organizations and businesses.

BEAUTY, HEALTH, NUTRITION Bailey Vein Institute Douglas Dierenfield, DDS Glenn Dundas, M.D. Family Medicine Hale Kanani Lomi Lomi Massage Professionals Hawaiian Healing Yoga Teacher Certification Hawi Apothecary Hope Delaney, LMT Intuitive Energy Medicine Joan Greco, DDS, Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery Medicine Man Paradissimo Tropical Spa Reiki Healing Arts Revive Wellness

68 23 40 50 38 17 43 66 42 17 85 85 72

BUILDING, CONSTRUCTION, HOME FURNISHINGS Aloha Metal Roofing 89 Colette’s Custom Framing 32 Concrete Technologies 15 dlb & Associates 89 Fireplace & Home Center 48 Hamakua Canvas Co, (Upholstery) 37 Hawaii Water Service Co. 15 Hawaii Electric Light Co. 86 Hawaiian Pizza Oven 84 Indich Collection Hawaiian Rugs 7 Mason Termite & Pest Control 64 Plantation Interiors, Teak Garden & Lanai 49 SlumberWorld 18 Statements 78 Tai Lake Custom Furniture 56 Trans-Pacific Design 51 Walter’s Electric & La‘akea Solar 62 Will Kill Termites & Pests 62 Water Works 82 Yurts of Hawai‘i 83 BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL SERVICES Action Business Services 89 Ano‘ano Care Home 44 Budar Insurance 15 Hawai‘i Island Adult Care 86 Hawaii Business Lending 81 Hawaii Trust & Estate Counsel 43 Ho‘oNani Day Center & Care Home 51 K & K Enterprise Cleaning Services 87 Kona Coffee Farmers Association 61 Kona4U Property Care 66 Lee Mattingly, Attorney 44 Nā Manu Li‘i Play Space 76 Pacific Island Business Insurance 81 Shipman Self Storage 50 The Emily T Gail Show 60 The UPS Store 73 Vacation House Check 61 PETS Maika‘i Veterinary Clinic, LLC Keauhou Veterinary Hospital, LLC AdvoCATS, Inc.

89 10 70

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REAL ESTATE Cindy Griffey, RS, MacArthur & Co.|Sotheby’s Coldwell Banker-Daylum Properties Lava Rock Realty Kelly Shaw, RS, Koa Realty Kimi White, RB, Rainbow Properties Koa Realty Malama Solutions, LLC Pacific Isle Lending Group, LLC Paradise Found Realty

84 42 46 92 24 26 34 89 89

RESTAURANTS AND FOOD Fire Island Coffee Glow Hawaii Hawaiian Crown Plantation & Chocolate Factory Holukoa Gardens & Café Ho‘oulu Farmers Market K’s Drive In Kailua Candy Company Kings View Café Kona Coffee & Tea Lucy’s Taqueria Nakahara Store Peaberry & Galette South Kona Green Market Standard Bakery Sushi Rock & Trio

35 87 76 26 25 55 37 16 58 76 17 31 54 70 16

RETAIL AND GIFTS Aloha Kona Kids Antiques & Orchids Cloud 9 Emporium Discovery Antiques Glass from the Past Hands of Tibet Hawaii Marine Center Hospice of Kona’s Memory Lane Thrift Boutique Kadota’s Liquor Keauhou Shopping Center Keauhou Store Kiernan Music Kings’ Shops Kona Commons Shopping Center Kona MacNet Kona Stories Maki Sun Mana Cards Papa‘aloa Country Story and Cafe Paradise Found Boutique Parker Ranch Store Puna Kamali‘i Flowers Queens’ MarketPlace Rainbow-Jo Boutique South Kona Macadamia Nut Co. The Spoon Shop Vintage Adventure

74 32 80 32 25 78 89 4 55 30 26 70 91 28 81 31 16 86 29 31 23 29 91 76 23 87 32

TRAVEL Jet Vacation Travel Agency

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Send us your comments, letters, and photos!

We take email, snail mail, submissions through our website, or posts on Facebook, LinkedIn, and Twitter!

HIeditor@KeOlaMagazine.com

UA MAU KE EA O KA ‘ĀINA I KA PONO.

The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness.

[Its sustainability depends on doing what is right.] Proclamation by Kona-born King Kamehameha III in 1843. Later adopted as the Hawai‘i state motto.

Publisher, Marketing, Operations

Barbara Garcia Bowman, 808.329.1711 x1, Barb@KeOlaMagazine.com

Editor, Art Director

Renée Robinson, 808.329.1711 x2, HIeditor@KeOlaMagazine.com

Advertising Sales, Business Development

East Hawai‘i: Peaches Grove 808.430.281, Help@KeOlaMagazine.com West Hawai‘i: Jeff Keith, 808.339.8182, Jeff@KeOlaMagazine.com Island-wide: Barbara Garcia, 808.345.2017, Barb@KeOlaMagazine.com

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Sharon Bowling, 808.557.8703, Sharon@KeOlaMagazine.com

Creative Design

Michael Mark P., Creative Director, Mana Brand Marketing 808.345.0734, ManaBrandMarketing.com

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Dianne Curtis, 808.854.5868, Dianne@KeOlaMagazine.com

Advertising Design

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Lindsay Brown

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Eric Bowman • Sharon Bowling

Production Manager Richard Price

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Emily T Gail • Fern Gavelek • Keala Ching • Mars Cavers WavenDean Fernandes

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Submit online at KeOlaMagazine.com (go to Contact menu) Community Kōkua volunteer opportunities Editorial inquiries or story ideas Request advertising rates Worldwide Delivery 808.329.1711 x4, order online at KeOlaMagazine.com, Subscribe@KeOlaMagazine, or mail name, address, and payment of $30 US/$48 Canada for one year to: PO Box 492400, Kea‘au, HI 96749.

Contact us for international rates.

Subscriptions and back-issues available online. © 2016, Ke Ola Publishing, Inc. All rights reserved

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KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

Mahalo to Ke Ola 2015 Contributors

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Barbara Garcia publisher/owner advertising operations social media

Renée Robinson editor art director photographer

Lindsay Brown copy editor

Farley Jones copy editor

Sharon Bowling distribution proofreader social media subscriptions

Eric Bowman bookkeeper proofreader

Dianne Curtis advertising production manager

Peaches Grove East Hawai‘i advertising

Jeff Keith West Hawai‘i advertising

Leslie Sears ad designer

Mary Strong ad designer

Stephanie Schreiber ad designer

Mike Portillo story graphics

Richard Price prepress production

Mars Cavers ambassador distribution

Waven Dean Fernandes ambassador

Alan D. McNarie writer

Barbara Fahs writer

Catherine Tarleton writer

Denise Laitinen social media writer

Fannie Narte writer

Fern Gavelek social media writer

Gayle Greco writer

Karen Valentine co-founder writer

Kate Winter writer

Kumu Keala Ching writer

Ku‘ulei Keakealani writer

Le‘a Gleason writer

Leilehua Yuen writer

Mālielani Larish writer

Megan Moseley writer

Paula Thomas writer

Pomai Bertelmann writer

Rosa Say writer

Sonia Martinez writer

,‘

Aloha from the Publisher

✿ Aloha Ms. Valentine, Thank you for writing about my dear friend, Uncle Donna Kuali‘i.

I have known Uncle Donna since my wife and I first moved to Kona in 1990. I had just transferred from the Honolulu Police Department to the Hawai‘i Police Department, when I met Reserve Officer Donna Kuali‘i.

Up until my retirement at the end of 2005, Uncle Donna was a regular at the Kealakehe Police Station. Nearly every week, Uncle Donna would show up in his police uniform (and black leather driving gloves) ready for several hours of patrol work. We would assign Uncle Donna to drive Kona’s “marked” police car and he would transport the majority of prisoners we arrested. As an officer and later a patrol sergeant, I can’t tell you how comforting it was to have Uncle Donna show up as a back up officer during late night traffic stops or at the scene of a fight.

I was actually unaware of your article until Wednesday evening. My former captain sent out a mass email on Tuesday that Uncle Donna was at the Kona Life Care Center in Keauhou. Apparently, Uncle Donna had fallen ill and is currently recovering at the care center. On Wednesday evening, I went to visit Uncle Donna at the care center. Fortunately, I found him to be strong and in good spirits. With Mrs. Kuali‘i sitting at the foot of his bed with her puzzle book, Uncle Donna and I visited. After several minutes of catching up on all the latest family news, Uncle Donna asked me if I had seen the Ke Ola article. I admitted that I had not, so Uncle Donna asked me to get his copy out of the nightstand next to his bed. Before I could even remove the July–August 2015 issue from the drawer, Uncle Donna said, “Page 46.”

Although I didn’t have my reading glasses with me, I was able to find page 46 and view the wonderful photograph of the police officers, many of whom I call dear friends, standing with Uncle Donna. After informing Uncle Donna that I didn’t have my reading glasses, he handed me his own prescription glasses to try. Even though I couldn’t make out the words, I was still able to enjoy the photographs of Uncle Donna and his three families....his Aloha Airlines family, his Hawai‘i Police Department family, and his own family.

After scanning through the magazine, I informed Uncle Donna that I would have to get a copy for myself. Uncle Donna so wanted me to have a copy, he offered up his. Even though he reassured me that he had several more copies at home, I insisted he keep that copy by his side while at the Kona Life Care Center. “Uncle Donna,” I said, “You need to have it here to show your visitors.” I then assured Uncle Donna that I would acquire my own copy to treasure.

Upon returning home, I discovered past Ke Ola Magazine issues are available on the internet. With my reading glasses in place, I was able to read your article!

Again, thank you so very much for honoring my dear friend, Donna Kuali‘i with your writing.

Bradley K. Main, Ret. Sgt. , Kailua-Kona, HI

Hau‘oli Makahiki Hou—Happy 2016!

As we begin a new chapter in our lives, and in the life of Ke Ola Magazine, we reflect on where we’ve been and do our best to set a course of action towards a better future for our loved ones and ourselves. Living on Hawai‘i Island doesn’t make us immune to what’s going on in the rest of the world, as technology offers us nearly instantaneous news and information on any subject.

As we head into our eighth year of publishing, we are proud to continue sharing stories that offer a glimpse of life on Hawai‘i Island and perhaps offer a distraction from all that ails us in world news.

The saying “no news is good news” might apply to Ke Ola, when our readers are faced with what seems like continuous challenges, and are looking for some relief. It’s important to stay balanced, even with the recent dengue fever outbreak and ongoing rat lungworm disease, which everyone needs to educate themselves about. We hope Ke Ola offers some of that balance and brings a positive perspective to our readers lives.

When we started Ke Ola, we kind of bucked the norm, wanting to share good news and inspiring stories that would uplift people’s spirits, while providing affordable marketing opportunities for businesses.

From the kudos we receive on a continuous basis—we were onto something in 2008, and we’re still onto something in 2016. I still get chicken-skin every time we recieve a letter such as the one from Retired Sargent Bradley K. Main (to the left), and all the other compliments we receive on a daily basis. It makes doing distribution so much fun when people grab the new issue out of our hands before we can even put them in the racks!

On another note, we are huge animal (and human) rights advocates and do our best to support the local animal shelter, sanctuaries and educational organizations. We practice it in our own lives by adopting feral pets, eating mostly a plant-based diet, and making a small environmental imprint. Because of this, it may seem out of character for us to feature rodeo themed stories. However, we respect its significance—paniolo life is part of what makes up the culture of this island, as it has for hundreds of years, and we want to honor that history.

Enjoy the stories in another magnificent issue of Ke Ola Magazine. May your New Year be blessed with health and happiness, and may love surround you always.

Aloha pumehana, Barbara Garcia, Publisher

✿ Dear Karen Valentine, I really enjoyed the article about Virginia Isbell! I am a huge fan of hers, so was thrilled when I saw it. I had read 2/3 of it and realized I hadn’t noticed the author. As I turned back to check I was certain it would be you! Well done, as always.

Virginia blew the pū for Paul’s service in Honaunau Bay. She is a true Hawai‘i treasure, now that I’ve learned even more about her!

Mahalo Ke Ola for choosing her as a subject.

Deb Sims, Kailua-Kona, HI

Mana

by Randy Dahl See his story, page 75

We welcome your input and feedback.

You may submit a letter at KeOlaMagazine.com under the contact tab.

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

From Our Readers

9

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Here Indeed is Kona, part 2 | Na Kumu Keala Ching

I Ho‘olulu, Kī‘ope o Waihā ala Ke one ōneo, Wai ola o Waikūpua I Lani ā kea Ōneo, ‘Ena o ka lae pa‘akai Waiwai o Waiaha, Kahului o Puapua‘a I Hōlualoa o Ka Moa, Kapu o Keolonāhihi Eia la, ‘o Kona nō ia Aia ‘o Pāhoehoe, La‘aloa i Ka pala ‘ala ea I ka lae o Lāhae, Nuku momi, Moi, Niu Kūkahi Ma ka Lae Manō, Hinahina, Ka ūmu ‘ōhua I Kau maha ‘ole, Pū‘ē, ‘Uke‘Uke o Līloa Aia i Kahalu‘u, malu o Hualālai Eia la, ‘o Kona nō ia Kahalu‘u, lu‘ulu‘u i ka ua o Hualālai Waiku‘i kahi wai ola, Wai kua‘a‘ala I ka la‘au o ka lei kini, wai kahuna Iliki wai la Pāni‘au i kapukini o Keauhou Lae Nui, lae Līpoa, Lae Kapehe Eia la, ‘o Kona nō ia

At Pāhoehoe is La‘aloa until Kapala‘alaea Upon Lāhae, Nuku momi, Niu Kūkahi There is Manō, Hinahina, Ka ūmu ‘ōhua Behold Kaumaha‘ole, Pū‘ē, ‘Uke‘uke of Līloa At Kahalu‘u below Hualālai Here indeed is Kona Kahalu‘u, below the rains of Hualālai Waiku‘i of living waters, Waikua‘a‘ala Until La‘auokaleikini is Waikahuna and Wai Iliki Upon Pāni‘au is Kapukini of Keauhou There is Nui, Līpoa and Kapehe Here indeed is Kona He‘eia is Wai‘ula‘ula until Manō From Pueo to Kūhalalua is Ka‘ukulaelae There is Kū‘alanui, Mā‘ihi of Kuamo‘o Upon Leinōkano and Pāaoao of Hōnalo At Keikiwaha, Nēnue of Pu‘u ‘Ōhau Here indeed is Kona

Kaulana ka inoa kō Kona ‘Ākau i ka malu o Mauna Kea ā i ka la‘i o Hualālai, Eia la ‘o Kona nō ia. I Kaiālua ho‘i, aia nō o Ho‘olulu ma kahi o Kī‘ope i Waihā. Kupu maila o Waikūpua i ka lae Pa‘akai. Ha‘aheo o Waiaha i Hōlualoa o Ka Moa, kahi kapu o Keolonāhihi. Mai La‘aloa i Kapala‘alaea o Kahalu‘u, malu o Hualālai. Aia i Keauhou Kapukini o Pāni‘au, ho‘i i He‘eia ā i ka lae Manō. Eō e Ka‘ukulaelae i Mā‘ihi o Kuamo‘o, kapu o Hōnalo i Pu‘u ‘Ōhau ala. Eia la ‘o Kona nō ia.

Famous are the names of North Kona under Mauna Kea until the calmness of Hualālai, Here indeed is Kona. From Kaiālua is Ho‘olulu beyond Kī‘ope near Waihā. Sprouting forward is Waikūpua until the point of Pa‘akai. Proud is Waiaha beyond Hōlualoa of Ka Moa, sacred is Keolonāhihi. From La‘aloa to Kapala‘alaea until Kahalu‘u below Hualālai. At Keauhou, Kapukini of Pāni‘au behold is He‘eia until Manō. Rejoice is Ka‘ukulaelae near Mā‘ihi of Kuamo‘o, sacred is Hōnalo at Pu‘u ‘Ōhau. Here indeed is Kona.

Contact Kumu Keala Ching: kumukeala@nawaiiwiola.org

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

I He‘eia, Wai ‘ula‘ula a Lae Manō Lae Pueo, Kū hala lua i Ka ‘uku laelae Aia ‘o Kū‘ala nui, Mā‘ihi o Kuamo‘o I ka lae Lei nō kano, Pāaoao o Hōnalo I kai Keiki waha, Nēnue o Pu‘u ‘Ōhau Eia la, ‘o Kona nō ia

There is Ho‘olulu, Kī‘ope of Waihā Sands of Ōneo, living waters of Waikūpua Upon Laniākea is Ōneo, radiant point of Pa‘akai Richness of Waiaha, Kahului of Puapua‘a Behold Hōlualoa of KaMoa, sacred Keolonāhihi Here indeed is Kona

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T H E N

&

N O W :

The Old Hilo Hospital Ghosts, Peace Corps, and Adult Care

| By Alan D. McNarie

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

Y

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es, there are ghosts,” says Lizby Logsdon. “Most people

would agree. I haven’t heard anything recently, but it’s not uncommon for the elders to hear children outside playing when there are no children outside.”

Lizby is the Community Outreach coordinator at Hawai‘i Island Adult Care, which has occupied the old Hilo Memorial Hospital building for the past four decades, providing East Hawai‘i’s elderly residents a safe place to go in the daytime and their relatives with some respite from constant caregiving.

However, a person doing a Google search of “Old Hilo Hospital”, will find far less about senior care than they will about ghosts. “Paranormal investigators” have posted various videos showing them prowling around the building and grounds at night with various electronic gizmos, searching for poltergeists. And Lizby has had at least one weird experience of her own.

“One evening, I had to go back into the Golden Heart Wing,” she recalls. “Just upon getting to that entrance, I kind of got the oojies. I found a line of crayons between the tables, heading into the shower room. I went back out to the main floor where my coworkers were, and my coworkers were all staring at me and asked, ‘What the heck happened? You look like you’ve seen a ghost.’ ”

First building of Hilo Hospital. photo courtesy Lyman Museum

The playful child-spirits are gentle souls, never reported to have harmed anyone, if they exist at all. The ghost hunters often tell a story about a fatal fire in the old hospital’s children’s ward.

However, no date is ever given for the fire.

The late historian Kent Warshauer, who for years wrote a popular Hawaii Tribune Herald column called “The Riddle of the Relic,” once devoted two long, meticulous columns to the history of Hilo’s hospital system; after going through the county’s records of expenditures on the hospital from the moment the very first public hospital was constructed in the 1890s—and he never mentioned such a fire. Hawai‘i Island Adult Care’s social services coordinator, Tiffany Fisk, who’s talked to hundreds of Hilo seniors about their recollections of this building, has never found one who remembers a fire.

She’s learned the building is certainly haunted with memories, if not ghosts.

“While taking a Cultural Resource Management course from University of Hawai‘i Hilo (UH Hilo) Anthropology teacher Peter Mills, we had to complete a semester-long ‘adopt a site’ project,” she says.

“I adopted the Old Hilo Hospital site and spent the semester doing archival research and collecting oral View of the Hilo Memorial Hospital from across Wailuku River, 1926. photo courtesy Lyman Museum

Front entrance to Hawai‘i Island Adult Care. photo courtesy HIAC

many residents relied on separate plantation facilities for medical care. When the very first “public” hospital was built in the 1890s, British residents raised money to open a separate ”Queen Victoria Annex” to be reserved for “Anglo-Saxon” patients.

Hilo Memorial was constructed in the Italian Renaissance palace architectural style. According to Kent, once all the patients had been moved to Hilo Memorial, the previous hospital was dismantled and materials from it were used to create outbuildings for the new hospital—including maid-servants’ quarters, a manservant’s quarter, and a cook’s and head orderly’s cottage. A nurse’s dormitory was also built; as with the plantations, institutions such as hospitals in those days were expected to supply housing for their employees.

The hospital continued to expand in the 1930s and 40s with the additions of a maternity ward, solarium, isolation ward, and “Ward B,” according to Kent. He noted, “By 1955, Hilo Memorial Hospital was aging poorly [and] lacking money, the Board of Supervisors voted in July to convert a portion of the Puumaile Tuberculosis Hospital into a general hospital to replace the decrepit Hilo Memorial.” The tuberculosis hospital, located on the site of the current Hilo Medical Center, had been superannuated by modern antibiotics

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

histories. Many of the oral histories came from staff members, family members, and the kūpuna who participate in the program at my work. They shared stories of working as nurses at the Hospital; staff members shared that they were born in this hospital; a participant shared that her family was moved to this property following the 1946 Tsunami when her house was destroyed. I was amazed by the number of people in the Hilo community who had many personal stories to share about this property.”

After it closed as a hospital, the building continued to play various active roles in the community. It’s hosted several government agencies, including the prosecutor’s office and, most recently, the new UH Hilo College of Pharmacy, as well as the adult care center. For several years, it hosted a training program for Peace Corps volunteers on their way to various countries in Asia and the Pacific.

Embedded in that history is a record of a society that’s changed vastly over the years, both in its institutions and its attitudes. The old Hilo Memorial, in all its incarnations, played an active role in that change. It was “the first integrated care facility that I’m aware of” on the island, says Tiffany.

In the island’s early territorial days,

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Aerial view of the Hilo Memorial Hospital.

It was located near Rainbow Falls.

Cane fields in background across Wailuku River. photo courtesy Lyman Museum

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

that effectively combatted tuberculosis, not by termites and rot.

The new hospital opened on March 18, 1961, and Hilo Memorial, “aging poorly” or not, was still too valuable to simply tear down. It entered its first post-hospital incarnation as “Rainbow Falls Home,” a care facility for the aged.

It soon had a new tenant. Eighteen days before Rainbow Falls Home opened, President John F. Kennedy had signed the bill that created the Peace Corps. Thousands of volunteers answered his call to “Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country.” In the fall of 1962, the Corps selected Hilo as its training center for volunteers headed for Southeast Asia and the Pacific. The County of Hawai‘i agreed to let the Peace Corps training program use the old hospital building as its headquarters. UH Hilo, then called Hilo College,

14

collaborated on the curriculum. Training sites were set up around the island—including a mock-Southeast Asian village in Waipi‘o Valley. The trainees generally stayed in the old nurses’ dormitory at the former hospital and went to classes in the main building.

According to one volunteer’s account, the trainee’s dining hall was set up in the former morgue.

Not that the food was anything to complain about.

“The food was so good that we gained some weight before we went off to other countries and lost it again,” recalls Patricia (Pat) Richardson, who trained in Hilo in 1963.

They also had opportunities to work fat off. Some aspects of this early training program—especially its physical training, would

12/25/1963 Dedication plaque from the Peace Corps (Kennedy’s Kids) to John F. Kennedy after his assassination. photo courtesy Lyman Museum

Front door entrance. photo courtesy HIAC

have surprised later Peace Corps veterans. Volunteers learned canoeing in Hilo Bay, did calisthenics at Hilo High School’s gym, took swimming courses at the NAS Pool near the old Hilo Airport, backpacked in and out of Waipi‘o Valley, and even hiked to the top of Mauna Kea. The political indoctrination might be a surprise, too. Again, it was a reflection of a different time: the U.S. was just beginning its involvement in Vietnam, and the government wanted its Peace Corps emissaries to know exactly what they were representing.

So in addition to studying the culture of their host countries, says Pat. “We had American Studies, where they made sure we were well brainwashed with our country and our way of living,” Hal Glatzer remembers American Studies, too. He arrived at the Hilo training center in 1967.

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“We had to read The Ugly American and [Anthony] Burgess’s The Long Day Wanes,” he remembers. “We represented America.

We were not allowed to criticize the war.”

Peace Corps Volunteers didn’t go to Vietnam from Hawai‘i.

Instead, they trained here for other Southeast Asian nations, including Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines—and some countries that don’t exist anymore. The same colonial mentality that was fading in the new State of Hawai‘i was also disintegrating worldwide. Pat, for instance, was recruited to go to Saba, which was then part of the British colony of North Borneo. By the time she arrived at training, Saba had gained independence.

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Enjoying a game of shuffleboard. photo courtesy HIAC

To all of that political uncertainty, physical exhaustion, and cross-cultural stress was added a vigorous weeding-out process.

Several of Pat’s classmates washed out and never made it to their assigned posts. There was one consolation: “I’ve had three months in Hawai‘i, how can I lose?” she decided.

Hal also felt that consolation. Also recruited for Malysia, he’d grown up liberal and Jewish in Manhattan; the more he learned about his destination country, which was predominantly Muslim, the less comfortable he felt.

“I was not an ideal candidate, at least not for Malaysia,” he recalls.

Eventually, he “deselected” himself. Meanwhile, he’d fallen in love with Hawai‘i. He decided to stay, and has since had a successful life as a musician, actor, mystery writer, and general cultural force. Malaysia’s loss has been Hawai‘i’s gain.

Pat did go to Saba, where conditions weren’t nearly as strenuous as she’d expected; her bungalow there, she says, “was nicer than any quarters I’d had in college.” She liked it so well that she stayed an extra two years. She also had caught the spirit of Aloha. After returning to Michigan for a year, she found a teaching job in Hawai‘i, and has lived here ever since.

The program in Hilo trained an average of about 1,300 volunteers a year and continued until 1971. Eventually, the Peace Corps decided to move its training to the host countries, where volunteers could train intensively all day and then practice their language and cross-cultural skills by ordering dinner at a local restaurant at night. The American Studies and the calisthenics have long since been dropped. The current training still retains many lessons learned at the Old Hospital. Both Hal and Pat frequently use the word “wonderful,” when describing their stays at the old nurses’ quarters.

King Kamehameha Day celebration. photo courtesy HIAC

The Hilo Orchid Show is Moving!

June 3-5, 2016

Edith Kanaka`ole Stadium

“I think the later plan [to train in the host country] is better, but I’m glad I had the luxury of training in Hawai‘i. It was a real privilege. It was real treat,” says Pat. Among her memories is one grim moment: she was in training the day that President Kennedy was assassinated. When the volunteers heard the news, they began raising funds for a memorial inscribed with the words from his famous “Ask not…” speech, which was erected on the Old Hospital grounds. It’s since been moved to UH Hilo and serves as a monument to Kennedy, and to the volunteers themselves. (see photo on page 14) One of the many keiki groups that entertains the program participants. photo courtesy HIAC

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

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Today, many residents born in Hilo Memorial are returning there daily, creating one last set of memories to embed in the old building. They meet old friends, take part in classes and activities, go on field trips, eat meals together, and exercise according to their abilities. Their families get respite from constant caregiving, and they get to sleep in their own homes at night.

“Some people [program participants] are really happy and proud to be here, because it saves their family’s lives,” says Lizby.

“It gives people a sense of purpose.”

Even buildings grow old and die. The Nurses’ Quarters and several other outbuildings have been demolished, and one wing of the hospital itself has been condemned. Hawai‘i Island Adult Care will be moving to its own new building in three to five years.

After that, the prospects for the Old Hospital are bleak. According to Tiffany, the building was once on the State Register of Historic Places, then at some point it was removed. It stands little chance of preservation unless it gets back on the Register.

When she was interviewing those hundreds of people about their memories of the place, she always asked if they thought it should be preserved. “All but two said yes,” she says.

Suggestions for future use include an art/cultural center, a Hawaiian Culture Center, and a botanical garden on the building’s 32-acre grounds. However, any restoration would require millions of dollars.

Memories, sometimes, don’t come cheap. If the hospital is demolished, where will the ghosts play? ❖ Contact Hawaii Island Adult Care:

HawaiiIslandAdultCare.org, 808.961.3747 Contact writer Alan D. McNarie: amcnarie@yahoo.com

photo courtesy Kenji Kuroshima

Ke Ola Pono: Ka Hula

M

Hula, a global icon of Hawaiian culture, had never before been quantitatively evaluated as part of a health program, though for generations local doctors have encouraged patients to dance hula as a way to maintain flexibility and improve cardiac function.

The medicalxpress article further states, “The researchers believe social support plays an important role in recovery from hospitalization for a major cardiac event, improving long-term survival and lowering the risk or rehospitalization.” Hālau hula, traditional hula schools, have been known for centuries as tightly knit groups, often functioning as extended family, providing strong social bonds that often last a lifetime.

Medicalxpress concludes, “The National Institutes of Health provided support for the study, which found: • The level of energy expended dancing hula, among competitive hula dancers when dancing continuously, was found to be 6.6 MET, which is between a pick-up basketball game and a casual tennis match.

• High intensity dances of hula were measured in the range of a competitive basketball or volleyball game.

• Utilization of hula-based cardiac rehabilitation program was found, in preliminary results, to provide cardiopulmonary benefits similar to what is expected from a cardiac rehabilitation (CR).

• High levels of social support were created in the hula-based CR class. Participants reported improvement in mental and social well-being. They reported the cultural content enhanced the therapy and specifically that hula integrated mind, body, spirit and culture. The study found retention and attendance were very high for participants of the hulabased cardiac rehabilitation classes.”

The research team included Dr. Todd Seto of The Queen’s Medical Center and JABSOM’s Center for Cardiovascular Research; Dr. Keawe‘aimoku Kaholokula, Chair of JABSOM’s Department of Native Hawaiian Health; Mele Look, Director of Community Engagement for JABSOM’s Department of Native Hawaiian Health; Mapuana de Silva, Kumu hula of Hālau Mōhala ‘Ilima; Dr. Kahealani Rivera of The Queen’s Medical Center; Dr. Gregory Maskarinec of JABSOM’s Department of Native Hawaiian Health and Kalehua Felice Tolentino, The Queen’s Medical Center.

Contact writer Leilehua Yuen: kumuleimanu@gmail.com

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

ost of us could use a bit more movement in our lives. Being physically active has many health benefits. Studies have shown that the average American walks fewer than 6,000 steps each day. Yet by walking 10,000 steps each day, after two months, people found their blood pressure went down and glucose levels improved.

One way to increase our steps each day is through hula. In my own classes, a one-hour beginner session is equal to about 2,000 steps. As a hula dancer, now kumu hula, I frequently was teased by my running friends and told I should join them in “real” workouts, rather than “just dance.” Then, I would be fit enough to join them in the runs.

So, I did only my hula practice, then dressed in my full hula regalia and ran a 10K with them. Barefoot. With lei. Chanting.

No, I didn’t win. However, I ran the whole way and crossed the finish line still chanting!

This is not new information. After a five-year study in 2012, researchers from the University of Hawai‘i John A. Burns School of Medicine (JABSOM) and The Queen’s Medical Center in Honolulu presented preliminary findings to the participants of the study.

The Hula Empowering Lifestyle Adaptations (HELA) study followed 60 residents of Hawai‘i, all of whom had suffered from heart attack, heart failure, or undergone heart surgery within two to 12 weeks before the five-year research project began.

The research goal was “to establish the measured metabolic rate of hula practice, and learn whether physicians might be able to prescribe hula as a cardiac rehabilitation therapy,” says Mele Look, Director of Community Engagement for JABSOM’s Department of Native Hawaiian Health in a 2012 medicalxpress website article.

The study found “that hula can match the cardiac workout of a pick-up basketball game,” Mele reveals in the article.

It is widely reported in medical literature that cardiac rehabilitation—read “regular exercise”—can reduce the chance of death from another heart attack by as much as 56%. The problem is follow through, according to Mele, “many people simply don’t do it.”

Death rates for Kanaka Maoli, Native Hawaiians, are almost twice those of other ethnic groups. Finding a culturally relevant form of exercise is critical for the Hawaiian population.

| By Leilehua Yuen

19

Rough Ridin’ Cowboys Show Their Stuff at Pana‘ewa ‘

Excellent horsemanship is demonstrated by wahine in Barrel Racing. photo courtesy Chuck McKeand

| By Karen Valentine

Local ranches supply massive bulls for the popular bull riding events. photo courtesy Chuck McKeand

One of the just-for-fun events at Pana‘ewa is “Beach Ball Hula Bull.” Entrants stand inside a hula-hoop in the arena, holding beach balls for protection as a bull is released. The last person still standing inside their hula-hoop wins. Here, a professional bullfighter, who the rodeo hires, helps to entice the bull. photo courtesy Chuck McKeand Equestrian events were popular during the 1800s at Hilo’s Ho‘olulu Park and Grandstand. The racetrack had a unique, round shape. King David Kalākaua founded the Hawaiian Jockey Club in 1872, and the sport was popular with Hawaiian royalty. photo courtesy Hawaii State Archives

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et ready for some rough ridin’, hoof poundin’, fur flyin’, cowboy rockin’ excitement as some of the island’s top contenders don boots, hats, and spurs to thrill the crowd at the 24th annual Panaewa Stampede Rodeo on February 13 and 14.

The Panaewa Stampede in Hilo is one of five annual rodeos on Hawai‘i Island—more rodeo events than any other island—as we celebrate our island’s paniolo culture, still alive and kicking after some 300 years since the first cattle landed as a gift to King Kamehameha the Great in 1798.

The Hawaiian cowboy, or paniolo, was born shortly after that to tame the wild and wooly land-marauding animals. Trained by Hispanic cowboys—vaqueros— from the mainland, the name paniolo (derived from Español), was adopted. By nature, paniolo like to test their skills against one another. They did it first out on the range and then in the arena after Buffalo Bill Cody started the circuit with his Wild West Shows in 1882.

As described in the book American Rodeo: From Buffalo Bill to Big Business: “Cowboys from the various ranches would pit their skills against one another, encouraged by the boss-rancher, who would award a prize (a saddle or a suit of clothes) to the hired hand who made the best showing….

Long before rodeo became an organized sport and the participants had virtually unionized, there was such a character as the rodeo cowboy. The rodeo cowboy and wild-west-show performers of that era have been described as ‘mostly openair delinquents, Civil War draft dodgers and out-and-out renegades,’ who would intersperse their riding and roping with drinking, fighting, and the wrecking of saloons and then repeat the performance in the next town on which they descended…. Cheyenne, Wyoming, beginning in 1897, played host to the largest rodeo in North America, the annual Frontier Days.”

In 1908, Eben “Rawhide Ben” Low, owner and manager of Pu‘uwa‘awa‘a Ranch on Hawai‘i Island, sent three of his top men—Ikua Purdy, Archie Ka‘au‘a, and Jack Low—to the competition. After entering the arena in Cheyenne wearing cowboy hats with flower lei, the paniolo proceeded to show the American cowboys what the Hawaiians could do. Ikua Purdy walked away with top honors in steer-roping and eventual induction into the National Rodeo Cowboy Hall of Fame.

Honoka‘a was the first to host a rodeo on Hawai‘i Island 60 years ago, followed soon after by Waimea, Hōnaunau, Hilo, and Ka‘ū.

In Hilo, the rodeo grew out of the horseracing scene, which enjoyed huge popularity during the Monarchy era at Ho‘olulu Racetrack and Grandstand, located where Hilo’s Edith Kanaka‘ole Stadium, Afook-Chinen Auditorium, and Aquatic Center are today. All equestrian activities were moved to Pana‘ewa in a land exchange by the county of Hawai‘i in 1973, creating the Pana‘ewa Equestrian Center.

The sporting scene was revived there by the Hawai‘i Horse Owners Association, which took on the task of transforming the site in 1993 and becoming its caretakers.

Al Cabral, charter member and president of the association since 1994, says, “In essence, in my opinion, it was a bad exchange. The land there [at Ho‘olulu] was designated by the Queen for horse racing.”

“The Horse Owners Association was created to do the rodeo,” says Al, who was born and raised in the Hilo area and is now retired from HELCO after a 27-year career. “At the beginning, our club also sponsored some horse races, the first one being in conjunction with the Merrie Monarch Festival. We had about 5,000 people here; it was fantastic. Eventually, the guys just got tired of the effort to get the horses ready for racing.”

Rodeo became the club’s main function, and this year will be its 24th annual event.

In the Keiki Mutton Busting event, a keiki is helped onto a sheep’s back in a riding position. Just as in the adult bronco busting events, once seated atop the animal, it is released and the competitor holds on (or tries to). photo courtesy Jock Goodman

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The rodeo arena sits on about 80–100 acres in a rainforest, also occupied by Pana‘ewa Rainforest Zoo, so clearing the grounds and maintenance has been a big task, he says. However, with major donations of time and materials, the club has made a rodeo facility that draws compliments from competitors. The red cinder base is solid and even when it rains, the arena drains quickly and retains its surface.

“We want to be the best rodeo. It’s not the biggest, but it’s the best in my opinion,” Al contends. “We always work to put on a good show. Our goal is to have spectators jumping off their seats and come back the next year.”

Since this ranching Ouch! No respectable island is rodeo central rodeo cowboy gets for Hawai‘i, a lot of the away without a few bumps and bruises. contestants are from photo courtesy here and do the island Chuck McKeand circuit. It’s often a family tradition, with keiki, wahine, and dad all participating.

“We do funding for keiki around here.

We like to keep them involved, and we’ve seen kids grow up in the system and go on to compete elsewhere.

Now we have three or four competing as pros on the mainland. Way back, we had working cowboys on the island and the ranches would come. Nowadays we have competitors who go to the different rodeos around the island, but they have other jobs and do this on weekends. They just love to rope and ride,” says Al. The rodeo website describes the Panaewa Stampede Rodeo: “This large and diverse rodeo features team roping, barrel racing, bronc riding and bull riding. In addition there are special events done only in Hawai‘i. Cowboys and cowgirls will compete in

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

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Keiki get to show off their skills, too, in the Keiki Barrel Racing event. photo courtesy Chuck McKeand

He skillfully distracts a confused bull while a thrown rider recovers.

No respectable rodeo cowboy gets away without a few bumps and bruises.

“Our organization has insurance that covers the spectators and facility,” says Al, “but the contestants, the cowboys, are not covered. They have to have their own insurance.”

In the popular double mugging event, one contestant on a horse teams up with one on the ground, the “mugger.”

After the steer is roped, the mugger has to get hold of the sometimes 900-pound animal and hold on until his partner

The “Po‘o Wai U” imitates a technique developed by the paniolo to capture free-ranging, wild cattle. A wild steer would be lassoed and tied to a tree, here represented by a Y-shaped pole called the aumana. photo courtesy Chuck McKeand

double mugging and po‘o wai u (capture of wild cattle) just like our forefathers did in the early paniolo days of old Hawai‘i.”

Keiki will compete in “mutton busting” (bronco busting on sheep), roping, barrel racing, and junior bull riding. Each year a young cowgirl is named rodeo queen.

“I just love seeing a kid getting in there and giving the old timers a run for their money,” says Al. As with all rodeos, the Panaewa Stampede is an entertaining show. It includes a well-known rodeo clown, JJ Harrison, who teams up here each year with professional announcer Buster Barton, both from the Pacific Northwest. Not only does the clown perform skits and high jinks to keep the keiki and the crowd amused while the crew sets up the next event, but the professional rodeo clown is something of a land-based lifeguard.

Keiki get to practice their lassoing skills with cooperative bulls! photo courtesy Chuck McKeand

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Youth team roping is an event enjoyed by the 12-to-17-year age group.

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dismounts. Together, they have to wrestle the steer to the ground and tie up any three legs. The best time wins.

“There’s lots of action; guys get knocked down,” says Al. “We also have wahine calf mugging, with the same team principle and a smaller animal. It’s real popular among our young ladies, and it works out pretty well for the spectators.”

Chute dogging is another event, using six steers and six men.

Al says, “We open the gates all at once, and the first cowboy to knock down his steer wins. It’s crazy. People love it!”

In the past, the organization has tried other creative events.

“We had chariot races once. The chariots were fabricated from 55-gallon drums with wheels attached. The wheels would fly off

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and the horses go crazy. We had a guy race a donkey on foot.

The donkey wasn’t very fast (more likely not interested) and the guy actually won.”

The organization rents cattle from several local ranches and some of them get used to the routine. “The animals know if they can get in the opposite gate, they’re safe, so they run. We have a veterinarian and also have paramedics on hand,” he says.

“In our show, we average about 150 contestants,” Al continues. New, ADA-compliant metal bleachers and a pavilion that can hold some 2,000 spectators were installed in 2013.

Al’s wife, Nancy Cabral, owner of Day-Lum Properties in Hilo, signs up competitors and handles finance and marketing.

About 60 volunteers help out, some from the American Cancer Society, which receives a donation from the receipts. They collect the money and run concessions. The 4H Club picks up trash and recyclables and maintains the restroom.

“They do a terrific job,” says Al. “At the end of Sunday the place is immaculate. It’s a combination of a lot of people who make this thing happen.”

For the Cabrals, it’s been a family kuleana (responsibility) and a passion. Three of their four boys have competed in rodeo, with one, Cody, age 27, working the pro circuit from his home in Arizona. Son J.C. owns and operates a cattle ranch in Oregon.

Son Jeff was one of the top bull riders in the state and won many other events before retiring from the arena. The couple’s oldest son, Todd, a fireman on O‘ahu, says, “The only way I want any kind of beef is on a plate,” according to his dad, who was also once a competitor. Now there are three grandsons and a granddaughter, all waiting to enter the arena some day. ❖

One of the nation’s top rodeo clowns, JJ Harrison is making his eighth straight appearance at the annual Panaewa Stampede. He’s an entertainer and says he much prefers his niche as a “walk ‘n’ talk” clown, as opposed to distracting dangerous animals. He likes to have fun with the cowboys and poke fun at them, he says. He enjoys working the Hilo rodeo, where he can get up close and personal with fans.

The 24th Annual Panaewa Stampede Rodeo will be held on Saturday and Sunday, February 13–14, 2016, at the Pana‘ewa Equestrian Center, just outside of Hilo by the Zoo. The Rodeo starts at noon on Saturday and at 11am on Sunday. Presale tickets are available at Coldwell Banker Day-Lum Properties for $6 and at the gate on the day of rodeo for $8.

Contact Hawaii Horse Owners President, Al Cabral: 808.937.1005 Contact writer Karen Valentine: karenvalentine808@gmail.com

Al Cabral, president of the Hawai‘i Horse Owners Association, and wife Nancy Cabral, have contributed their talent and passion to heading up the Panaewa Stampede Rodeo for the past 24 years. photo by Karen Valentine

Other Rodeos on Hawai‘i Island HawaiiRodeoNews.net Honoka‘a Western Week, Parade, and 60th Annual Hawai‘i Saddle Club Scholarship Rodeo The island’s biggest and oldest rodeo event, held in May. 808.775.0888

Ka‘ū 4th of July Rodeo Ka‘ū Roping and Riding Association puts on this annual event at the Nā‘ālehu Arena grounds. 808.929.9281

Kona Stampede Rodeo The Kona Roping Club has produced this rodeo since 1964. Held in March at the Hōnaunau Rodeo Arena, recently improved with a new pavilion. 808.896.0363

Parker Ranch 4th of July Rodeo Independence Day Rodeo held every year on 4th of July weekend at the Parker Ranch Rodeo Arena in Waimea. ParkerRanch.com

Parker Ranch Round-Up Rodeo Scholarship fundraiser for children of Parker Ranch employees.

Held annually in September. ParkerRanch.com

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Kona Hotel

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KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

t’s hard to miss the Inaba’s Kona Hotel, which sits on the side of old Māmalahoa Highway in Hōlualoa. With its bubblegum pink exterior and double lānai stretching across the front, it invites passersby to sit and rest awhile. The Douglas fir 1-by-12s and corrugated metal roofs have withstood the afternoon clouds, rain and bright morning sun that Hōlualoa is known for.

Like every historic building, the hotel is a mingling of past and present. By the front door hangs an oval plaque identifying the hotel as a “Kona Heritage Building,” designated as such by Pulama Ia Kona, the Heritage Preservation Council.

The pink hotel—and yes, the family says it has always been some shade of pink—was built in 1926 by Jindero and Hatsuyo Inaba. Both had come to Hawai‘i just before 1900 to work on the sugar plantations on the Hāmākua side of the island. Many other Japanese like Goro and Yayoko Inaba them moved to the Kona side of Hawai‘i Island to escape the hardships and discrimination of plantation life. Jindero himself walked from Pepe‘ekeo on the east

side all the way to Kona where he and many others found independence and opportunity.

He planted some of the first coffee in the ahupua‘a of Wai‘aha (an ancient land division), making him one of the Kona coffee pioneers. He also worked for decades as a cook for a German immigrant family in Hōlualoa. After 27 years in Hōlualoa, he and his wife, Hatsuyo, opened the Kona Hotel in 1926.

The three-story hotel still perches along the old road that has been designated an American Scenic Byway. Ten miles of curving, two-lane road that is now Route 180, runs from Palani Junction on the north to Honalo Junction on the south. Once a part of a footpath that encircled the entire island, this section ran along the shoulder of Hualālai Volcano at 1400 feet above sea level.

Changing from path to trail and then to road, it became the main access road for the community in Hōlualoa mauka (up the mountain as opposed to makai or toward the ocean).

It connected the elements of the ancient Kona Field System,

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an agricultural swathe of the uplands that was meticulously cultivated to feed the inhabitants of the Kona district. As the road wound through the area, it passed small general stores, a few gas stations, an occasional saloon, and places of worship and burial.

Eventually Hōlualoa became a “sugar town,” the only one in the Kona district, and by 1926 coffee orchards had been converted to sugar plantation lands. Commercial sugarcane kept the economy going for 27 years while Hōlualoa grew into the commercial hub. Tourists and traveling salesman going around the island by car needed a comfortable place to rest because no one could make the trip in one day.

The Inabas spotted an opportunity and built the hotel. Jindero cooked and served three full meals a day

Enjoy

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

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The hotel’s entryway.

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Open-air walkway leading to the scenic-view lua.

Goro and Yayoko Inaba

and provided a taxi service. In those days, Hōlualoa had everything anyone needed: stables for horses and mules, a theater, a store, churches, a saloon, a gas station, a doctor and a hotel.

Then in the early 1950s, Kuakini Highway was built from Honalo Junction down to Kailua Village, and traffic through Hōlualoa declined.

These days, the Inaba family gathers on occasion for a potluck supper and Ke Ola was recently invited to attend.

A parade of family members came through the wide front doors of the hotel, along the hallway that runs through the center of the building all the way to the back. Soon, a buffet table was neatly spread with family favorites, and Mrs. Yayoko Inaba, the second generation

of the Inaba family to run the 89 year old hotel, took her place at the table.

The dining room, with family portraits and lace curtains, has a traditional butsudan in one corner. On a shelf over the butsudan, a folded American flag is a remembrance of Goro Inaba, second generation hotelier and Yayoko’s husband. In busier days, tables were artfully arranged with

photo courtesy Kona Historical Society

wood-framed fabric screens between them, giving each table some measure of privacy. The cloth was printed in the traditional blue and white announcing that one was a guest at the Kona Hotel. A single one of these screens remains today in a doorway between the lobby lounge area and the dining room.

An old Singer sewing machine sits in the lobby of the hotel.

The family reminisced that Goro remembered his mother, Hatsuyo, as being tough and strong, working right along with her husband to run the hotel, raise eight children, serve as a midwife, and manage a business sewing lauhala slippers and men’s trousers plus giving sewing lessons. Goro himself went away to school but returned to Hōlualoa and the family hotel business afterwards. They also recounted what Goro recalled about the restrictions that World War II brought

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KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

35-2032 Old Mamalahoa Hwy Papa‘aloa, HI 96780 Hwy 19 @ mile marker 24

L–R: Annette Sato, Staci Yates, Jane Ikeda Seated: Yayoko Inaba

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to the Japanese-American community, including the internments. However, the Inaba family was allowed to keep their hotel open for business, although as “enemy aliens,” they were required to make detailed weekly reports to a local official. In 1943,

Vintage cash register.

Custom-made privacy screen.

Goro enlisted in the US Army and served in Europe with the famous 442nd Regiment.

At 22, Yayoko was working for the Territorial government in Kona, staying at a place that did not have the luxury of baths. One of the Inaba boys invited her to come to the hotel to bathe; she met Goro and soon after they married.

After his military service, the couple helped the elder Inabas with running the hotel and doing the cooking.

Now the scenic road winds past historic buildings, coffee

farms, art and artisan galleries, lava outcroppings, and old dry stack rock walls. The trip still offers spectacular views of the mountainside and shoreline of the Kona coast. These days, the hotel lobby has comfortable vintage Hawaiian furniture to relax on, and in one corner there is a hospitality station where coffee and snacks are offered. A breeze wafts through the open hallway that runs through the heart of the building’s second and third floors. Two staircases—one in the front part of the lobby near the front desk and the other in the back by the kitchen and family quarters—lead to 11 third floor rooms. Hawaiian music drifts on the breeze through the lobby.

Out back, an open-air walkway leads past the family quarters to the lua (bathroom) at the far end where the views of the coastline and sunsets are another reward.

Upstairs there are two modern bathrooms—one for men, one for women—adjacent to the guest rooms. The windows of every room frame the beautiful views. The air conditioning is entirely natural so daytime ocean View from the infamous lua.

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Third floor view of the Kailua-Kona coastline.

breezes and nighttime mountain winds cool the immaculate accommodations.

Goro Inaba was remembered as saying he never advertised the hotel, and apparently he didn’t need to.

What makes this pink hotel such an appealing place to pause and rest?

The quiet, of course. And the sense of place. Over a door from the lobby into the dining room hangs a gyotaku painting of a marlin caught by a family fisherman. This is Kona, the bill fishing capital of the world. The hotel is itself an unpretentious celebration of endurance and aloha. Everything about the Kona Hotel feels authentic, not manufactured for the tourist trade.

Near the front desk in the lobby rests the old cash register on display. The long front lanai is well equipped with chairs to watch and listen as life in HĹ?lualoa goes by. It was there that I met a Swiss tourist one evening while he savored a local brew along with the night air. He told me that he stayed two nights at the pink hotel, then went on to see other parts of the island, and quickly returned to stay again at the Kona Hotel because that was the best place to be. â?– Contact Kona Hotel: 808.324.1155 Contact writer and photographer Kate Kealani H. Winter:

khwinter@hawaii.rr.com Jindero Inaba cooked three full meals a day in this kitchen.

Mele Murals: University of Hawai‘i Hilo, Part 1 | By Leilehua Yuen

Hale Kauanoe mural depicts the interconnectedness of life.

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The Murals of UH Hilo

One of the midwives of the project, Mahea Akau, reflects, “Why did I get involved in this project? It is pretty simple...kuleana.”

Mahea continues, “Although I was not a part of the Mele Murals conceptualization process, I have been with The Estria Foundation since 2013 and have managed the project since then.

I have been given some amazing opportunities in this life, but this, by far, has been the most rewarding.

“About three years ago, through a mutual friend, Estria reached out to me for another project he was working on called Water Writes. As we brainstormed ideas about Water Writes, he shared with me his mana‘o on Mele Murals. At the first mention of youth empowerment and cultural preservation, I knew it was something I needed to be a part of. And as Estria and I talked more and more about the idea of Mele Murals and infusing the popularity of street art into the project, there was something kū‘ē [activist] and edgy about it that I wanted to see come to life.

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

ultural preservation is not merely curating artifacts. It is a dynamic process, which imbues new generations with the ethos of their progenitors, while allowing them to evolve to meet the challenges of a changing world.

The arts are an important part of this process, recording history, myth, and legend, preserving the past, informing the present, and extrapolating the future. Through the Mele Murals public art project, people can see this process in action.

Firmly rooted in Hawaiian cultural traditions, the movement uses mele (songs), oli (chants), and mo‘olelo (stories with an intent to inform and educate) as a vehicle for collaborative murals in public places.

Each mural is created by a Hālau Pāheona (visual arts school). Area kūpuna (elders) and kumu (educators) guide the participating youth and artists, as well as the larger community, to explore the mana‘o pili pono (literal meaning) and kaona (poetic hidden meaning) of the mele and mo‘olelo. This exploration includes relating the themes of this oral tradition to past and present community issues. The artists then help the youth to create a mural expressing this collaborative mana‘o through their own visual metaphors.

The hālau teaches the oral traditions and visual arts, as well as traditional Hawaiian core values.

The process, designed by the Estria Foundation (estria.org) is a youth development, arts education, cultural preservation, and community-building project. The completed murals give nā ‘ōpio (youth), makua (parents), and kūpuna a way to share across

generations, between cultures, and with malihini (visitors) to the community.

Starting in late 2013, local artists, youth, and other people in communities across Nā Moku ‘Ewalu—Hawai‘i’s eight islands— have been participating in creating the Mele Murals. So far, on Moku Hawai‘i, there are murals at the Kahilu Theater in Waimea (Jul–Aug 2015 Ke Ola), at the Keauhou Shopping Center in Kona (Sep–Oct 2015 Ke Ola, Nov–Dec 2015 Ke Ola), the University of Hawai‘i Hilo (UH Hilo) dorms, and the Sheraton Kailua-Kona.

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Kanaloa, embodiment of the ocean, centers the mural.

January–February 2016

“Since then, I count my blessings every day to have the opportunity to be a part of something so progressive for our lāhui (nation, race of people)—especially our ‘ōpio (youth).”

Mahea recognizes the vast number of people it takes to create such a comprehensive program. “We have been very fortunate to have the support of so many across Hawai‘i. Mele Murals is a catalyst for change for our people and our communities; it excites me that we’re just getting started.”

Kamalani Johnson began his involvement with the program as a haumana in fall of 2014. He says of his first experience, “I was involved in a Mele Mural project as a student, as I was a senior in college” at UH Hilo. “My involvement was driven through my desire to impact the population of students in the UH Hilo community…I served as a primary cultural component for the creative piece of the mural.”

He found the experience so rewarding that this past summer he participated as a professional staff member—Activities Coordinator for the Kupa ‘Āina Summer Bridge Program of UH Hilo. He says, “The second time, my involvement was driven as a staff member of the program coordinating the mural, and as I was involved in the creative piece of the first mural, I had previous experience in giving direction to the creativity of the mural and in achieving the goal in the time allotted.”

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Hilo being Hilo, water is a recurring theme in both murals. Ua (water from the sky), wai (fresh water), and kai (salt water) are depicted with realism and symbolism.

The first mural, which Kamalani worked on as a student, covers a two-story end wall on Hale Kauanoe in the freshman housing section. In planning the mural, students made use of the architecture. A doorway becomes a cave with the mo‘o (lizard/ dragon) Kuna peering out, the grey rocks he clutches fading into the grey concrete. A closer look into the cave reveals the waterfall that guards Hina. The stairwell window reflects the clouds in such a way that they appear to continue unbroken across the surface. Knee braces become tree branches. Even the landscaping is incorporated, with the tī plant growing beside the dorm echoed in the painted leaves growing beside the pond.

The imagery is filled with kaona, the deep poetic meaning that gives mana, spiritual strength, to works of art.

The university and dorm stand where Mokaulele Forest, renowned for its scarlet ‘ōhi‘a-lehua, once grew. The forest was filled with the equally bright ‘apapane and ‘i‘iwi birds. These, too, are depicted on the wall.

On the edge opposite the ‘ōhi‘a-lehua stands a koa tree.

Kamehameha Pai‘ea harvested the koa of Hilo—both wood and warriors—to build his peleleu fleet of conquest. Both koa

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and ‘ōhi‘a-lehua represent strength: Koa, the strong warrior, masculine and ready to fight; Lehua, the female warrior, fighting at need and regenerating after destruction.

From Mauna Loa, lava flows past the koa tree into the sea. The māhu (steam) of the lava meeting the sea is mirrored by the ‘ehu (spray) of Mauna Kea’s streams flowing into the ocean.

The moon, a symbol of Hina, a prominent goddess in Hilo traditions who appears in many aspects or as many sisters, is depicted in its Hilo phase—the first slim crescent visible after the new moon, and namesake of the Hilo district of this island.

To the right of the moon, Hānaiakamalama (Southern Cross) stands upright, denoting winter, the time of Lono and rain. At the division of night and day, a column of light flows between earth and sky. Below, the column returns as water flowing into the sea. The sun sets over the shoulder of Mauna Kea. In Hawaiian tradition, the setting of the sun, not the rising, signals the start of a new day.

A matrix of cordage contains more symbolism of land, sea, and sky, drawing all together in unity. Each section defined by the cordage holds symbolic themes of water and ancestry. Faces of kūpuna—ancestors—gaze solemnly from rocks, water, and clouds.

Triangle motifs repeat in the rocks, water, cordage, Mauna Loa, and Mauna Kea. Kamalani says these triangles represent the makawalu concept and the role that it plays in place based learning. It represents the dynamic Hawaiian world view of the physical, intellectual, and spiritual foundations of the cycles of life.

Kanaloa, embodiment of the ocean, one of the four major deities, is revealed in his he‘e kinolau, octopus body form. An ‘o‘opu, the fish that sought knowledge, rests on the rocks in the stream. In the distance stands Kāwili, the bird catcher of Puna.

It is Kamalani’s hope that freshmen who stay at these dorms will develop a strong sense of place and connection to Hilo through the mural, absorbing its lessons by seeing it as part of their landscape each day. He acknowledges the changes that have happened in Hilo, and sees telling the mo‘olelo, the stories, of this place through pictures as a viable part of preserving the heritage of this wahi pana—celebrated place. As a student, he came to believe so strongly in the mission of the Mele Murals, that as a teacher he returned to the program for a second, even more ambitious, mural project at Hale ‘Ikena.

Core Values of Mele Murals

Ahonui—Patience, to be expressed with perseverance Aloha—Love of self expands to love of family, love of community, love of the whole world. If all our work is grounded in aloha, we come in peace, and everything will be all right. The fundamental Hawaiian Values that make up the meaning of Aloha in all that we do, are: Akahai—Kindness, to be expressed with tenderness Ha‘aha‘a—Humility, to be expressed with modesty Ha‘aha‘a (Pride and Humility)—We are humble, and we can take pride in our work at the same time. We finish what we start.

Ho‘a‘ano (To take great risk)—Don’t be afraid to take chances with your art and your career. Probably every hero you have took chances and came up with something new. If you don’t explore and fail, you won’t come up with anything new.

Ho‘oha‘oha‘o (Wonderment)—Explore the unexplored, be amazed at our world around us, and have fun!

Ho‘ohui (Alliance, Connection)—Hawaiians believe we never walk alone. We are connected to the land, our ancestors, and to so many around us. Think of everyone first.

Ho‘oikaika (To work hard)—Our work speaks for us, just like our artwork. When we half step it shows.

Ho‘omaika‘i (Grateful)—We are grateful for all our blessings, and we always thank those who have helped us.

‘Ike ho‘omaopopo (Perceptive, Open Mind)—Lessons come when you least expect them. See opportunity everywhere.

‘Ike loa (Positivity)—We encourage and push each other farther with a great attitude.

The doorway becomes a cave, within which Hinaʻs waterfall flows.

January–February 2016

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KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

The famed mo‘o, Kuna, emerges from the watery doorway cave.

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Kako‘o (To Support/Participate)—We are here to learn. Participating is one of the best ways to gain.

Kōkua (To Help/Assist)—We actively offer help to those in need around us.

Kuka‘i (Converse/Communicate)—We need communication to move forward as a team.

Kuleana (Responsibility/Commitment)—We keep our commitments, even when the going gets rough.

Kupa‘a (Allegiance/Team Work)—We work together to grow higher, faster. Think of the team before our own ego. Loyalty is not known until it’s shown.

Kupono (Honesty and Transparency)—Being honest builds trust and loyalty.

Lōkahi (Unity)—to be expressed with harmony Mahalo (Respect)—We respect each other, the land, ancestors, our differing viewpoints, cultures, and ourselves. Don’t litter. Showing up on time respects other people’s time.

Maika‘i Loa (Excellence)—We strive to do our best in every aspect of our work. We set high standards for ourselves because that is the way to achieve more.

Mālama ‘Āina (ame Malama i ka wai) (Caring for the ‘āina and the wai)—The land is a living being and we are its guardians. Take

care of the earth, and it will take care of us and future generations.

Mana‘o (Intention)—We state our intentions so that everyone knows where we are headed.

Na‘auao (Learning)—Always seek learning. If nothing else, we hope you walk away with the lifelong hunger for learning and the tools to attain knowledge.

‘Olu‘olu (Agreeable)—to be expressed with pleasantness Pono (Proper, Righteous)—We do our best to be just and fair. We believe everyone should be treated fairly, and with dignity.

Waiho (To table as in option to pass)—Once in a while we do not wish to contribute and that must be respected.

There are many steps taken on the path to a completed Mele Mural

Contact The Estria Foundation and Mele Murals: Estria.org Contact writer and photographer Leilehua Yuen: kumuleimanu@gmail.com

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

• Arts-interested youth, potential advisors, and organizations are identified and encouraged to participate.

• Teams of community leaders, artists, students, and musicians are assembled.

• Youth form a Hālau Pāheona (mural club) at their school or community center, and begin organizing their mural.

• Haumāna (students) participate in online art assignments on edmodo.com.

• Students with support from the Estria Foundation team secure a permissioned wall and gather community support.

• Cultural practitioners ground and ask the land and ancestors what should be painted.

• Instructors from Papakū no Kāmeha‘ikana teach the youth how to write and say an oli (chant) about the subject matter.

• An advisory group of Hawaiian music experts, and cultural practitioners help to pair lyrics to the subject matter.

• Workshops are held on the song’s history, on how the mele relates to the place, and on the mural process.

• Haumāna ground and receive ideas for the mural.

• A sketch of the mural is developed by team of artists based on the workshop dialogue and incorporating some of the lyrics.

• The team grounds and asks if the sketch is pono (just, proper) before painting.

• The mural location and team are blessed by a kahu.

• The mural is painted by artists together with youth.

• The mural is unveiled at a community celebration.

• Youth muralists who have completed murals become Mele Murals docents and stewards, and mentors to future youth muralists.

• The entire process is documented through photography, film, social media, and published materials.

• Surveys are taken and reviewed to gauge program’s success.

Changes are incorporated to improve effectiveness.

• The completed Mele Murals series provides opportunities for ongoing education, cultural tourism, and community development. ❖

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ALTERNATIVE EDUCATION FOR WHEA students Chloe Smith, Nate Bailey, Katelynn Broberg, and David Malapit at the school’s shark tank.

ISLAND KEIKI

| By Tiffany Edwards Hunt

| By Tiffany Edwards Hunt

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hloe Smith would be homeschooled had it not been for West Hawaii Explorations Academy (WHEA). She and her peers interested in marine biology or aquaponics find refuge in their educational choice at the North Kona public charter school, a stone’s throw from the Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii.

With 15 charter schools here on this island, some more than others have parents and children vying for a seat, either for the language and cultural aspect of the school, or for the fact that the school is project and place based. In upcoming issues, Ke Ola Magazine will explore those reasons and highlight the various schools offered here on this island.

Charter schools, as defined by the Hawaii Public Charter Schools Network, are public schools operated and managed by

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

WHEA students Chloe Smith and Hunter Smith practicing ukulele. photo courtesy WHEA student Sarah Delostrico

independent governing boards. They are innovative, outcomebased public schools operating under a performance contract with the State Public Charter School Commission. Although charter schools are funded on a “per pupil” basis separately from Department of Education-operated schools, charter schools are open-enrollment public schools that serve all students and do not charge tuition.

“It all depends on the person, because we are all self reliant here,” Chloe says of WHEA in particular. “My main things are school and surfing; I like being able to plan how I want to do it,” she says of school.

Chloe went to Fiji for a seahorse farm project in November. Her travel tied in with her school projects, so she arranged to receive school credit for the portion of the trip that was devoted to reef restoration and ocean conservation education. Trips like that don’t happen in a traditional DOE setting.

At WHEA, Chloe and fellow students are studying how long various organisms live in WHEA’s ecosystem, namely saltwater ponds situated in the center of the school. Inside a smaller pond are a variety of fish—sea cucumber and an octopus—and inside a larger pond is a black tip reef shark the students have named “Nala.” During Ke Ola’s recent visit, students cleaned the larger pond and gathered around the smaller pond feeding crabs to the octopus, counting and recording the number of crabs.

“It’s about what you’re interested in,” says Katelynn Broberg, a second year student of the school, as she cleaned the larger pond.

“For us, a lot of people want to go here, but can’t get in,” adds Chloe, who dropped crabs into the smaller pond for the octopus. The school has a lottery system to fill slots as there is limited space.

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The octopus at WHEA.

“It’s an alternative school, kind of like home school, but public high school for people who are self directed, and also for those who don’t want the traditional school,” says second year student Nate Bailey. He helped to clean the larger pond with Katelynn.

To think, WHEA started out with “nothing but gravel, people, and sky,” as a caption in one of the school’s photographs reads.

WHEA morphed into a public charter school after starting out as a program within Konaweana High School, according to WHEA Secondary English Teacher Curtis Muraoka.

When Kealakehe High School was built, the funding for WHEA shifted from Konawaena to Kealakehe. Kealakehe High School principal Wilfred Murakami vowed to adopt WHEA but wanted to change the program, Curtis recalls. This was right around the time the Charter School law passed in 1999. Then WHEA Director Bill Woerner opted to try “this new thing” called the charter school and became one of the four charter schools in the state to start up with the new century.

WHEA started out with 75 students, then immediately expanded to 120. What kept the school afloat, Curtis recalls, is a National Science Foundation grant to do educational research.

WHEA is not a Title 1 school for underprivileged kids, so it has been, as Curtis describes, “a canary in a coal mine.”

“We were trying to not be the first school to close, operating with the least amount of capital,” further explaining his particular path to get politically involved in the charter school movement.

Curtis has served as a statewide charter school commissioner (2013–2014) and as vice president of the Hawaii Public Charter School Network.

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He sees three different kinds of students at WHEA: those who know what the school offers and want it; those who are interested and will give it a try; and those who consider it their last stop before dropping out.

“It goes back to school choice, Curtis says.

WHEA has prospered as well as a charter school can with its current funding structure.

A year ago, the school moved mauka of its original site that was too close to the water and in the Kona International Airport’s expansion area. “Through frugal operation,” Curtis says the school saved $1 million for its new campus. Then, Kona legislator Denny Coffman championed legislation Curtis says got WHEA a grant-in-aid award of $1.5 million in 2011. The school also received a $5.5 million USDA Rural Development loan.

“The school literally was built from scratch,” Curtis says. “The kids put up tents and then a portable, and then the Carpenter’s Union donated a workshop pavilion.”

Now WHEA boasts light emitting diode (LED) energy efficient rooms designed by Ferroro Choi, known for his sustainable design of the Amundsen-Scott scientific research station at the South Pole. WHEA is currently maxed out at 282 students.

While WHEA started out as a school within a school, other schools emerged with the passage of the Charter School law.

Because they started up in the year 2000, many of the schools opted to name themselves “new century charter schools.” This was the case with Kua o ka Lā in Puna.

Even though Kua o ka Lā New Century Public Charter School got its charter in 2000, it took a couple of years to get organized.

Kua O Ka Lā middle schoolers, L–R: Hi‘iaka Santiago-Freitas, Angel McKee, Kyla Anderson-Letreta, and Ronell “Hoku” Alvarez.

For the 2002–2003 school year, Kua o ka Lā had 26 students in grades six through eight. “We had no facilities. We had 600 acres, but no facilities,” Susie Osborne recalls. In addition to land adjacent to Ahalanui Park, or “Hot Ponds,” for the middle school, Kua o ka Lā partnered with Opihikao Congregational Church, namely John and Violet Makuakane, to form a kindergarten class.

“We added a grade every year until we reached 12th grade,” Susie says. Recently, Kua o ka Lā added a campus at Miloli‘i and started utilizing the Boys and Girls Club in Hilo as a place for students to connect with teachers in what Susie describes as a “blended online program.”

Hurricane Iselle and the lava inundation scare of 2014 heavily impacted Kua o ka Lā. The main campus on the Red Road (Kalapana-Kapoho Rd.) adjacent to Hot Ponds was directly hit by Iselle and incurred a lot of damage. Kua o ka Lā got a

Don Slocum sea~sky~earth

feng shui healing images of planet earth and beyond KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

donslocum.com kailua-kona

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KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

Kameron Marquez (L) and Analu Alvarez make bamboo butter knives at Kua O Ka Lā.

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double whammy when the Federal Emergency Management Agency didn’t cover most of the school’s claims, and a lot of the community left the area for fear of being isolated by lava.

In the last year, Kua o ka Lā saw a drastic drop in enrollment and had to cut its staff in half. Susie considers 2015 to be a stabilizing year. Currently Kua o ka Lā offers a standard elementary school with one grade per level, except for 4th and 5th grades, which are a combination class. Middle school and high school are smaller, more place and project based, or online.

The elementary school offers a “wildly successful” culinary program, while the middle school students and high schools students are engaged in mechanics, wood-working, agriculture, aquaponics, growing native plants, oral history with kūpuna, and even data collection and educational awareness of ‘rat lungworm’ disease.

Kay Howe, a graduate student in tropical conservation, biology, and environmental science at the University of Hawai‘i, is working with charter school students to study ‘rat lungworm’ disease, or angiostrongylus. The disease is a parasite carried by rats and transferred to humans via flatworms or slugs. Experts believe contaminated produce is the vehicle through which humans are ultimately infected.

Kanu o ka ‘Āina, Laupāhoehoe, Volcano School of Arts and Science, Nā Wai Ola, and Kua o ka Lā public charter schools have all partnered with University of Hawai‘i Hilo to help prepare an integrated pest management plan to control invasive slugs and snails. This pest management plan is geared toward preventing angiostrongylus, Kay says.

The goal of the charter school involvement is to ensure education is embedded in all school garden projects, the graduate student says.

“Why did I pick charter schools? Because they really embrace this type of thing. They are less regimented in their delivery.

They really embrace placed-based, project-based learning. My goal is to have this be an integrated curriculum. It’s a way to get kids involved as educators for their community, and we really need that. To me, one of the most efficient ways to reach hardto-reach rural populations.”

Meanwhile, back at Kua o ka Lā, the school is among the public charter schools statewide that defy the lack of facilities funding from DOE. Kua o ka Lā operates with per-pupil funding and any grants received through its nonprofit arm.

Over the years, Kua o ka Lā has been able to build classrooms, yet is still struggling to save up for a certified community kitchen and toilet facilities. Students and staff use portable restrooms, and lunch is prepared and shipped from the Hawai‘i County Economic Opportunity Council’s certified kitchen in Hilo.

Susie says the school has the septic system for the restrooms; all that is needed is the capital for the building. She envisions a certified kitchen that could serve the greater community.

“If I can have a certified kitchen here, not only will it serve farmers and those at farmers markets in need of the community kitchen, it will be an incubator kitchen for the community,” Susie says. Kua o ka Lā is talking with Hawai‘i Community College about partnering for extension education programs in the kitchen to come.

Currently, students receive college credits working with the Hawaii Youth Business Center doing digital media arts. Those students are working with PBS Hawaii’s Hiki Nō program. A Kua o ka Lā student in Miloli‘i did a story on Mauna Kea telescopes and won an award for his script.

“It’s more hands-on activities. It’s a smaller school, smaller more nurturing environment, smaller class sizes, more attention, because everybody here knows everybody, and of course the cultural component, those are the top three,” Susie says.

“Every school is unique,” says Ke Kula ‘O Nāwahīokalani‘ōpu‘u School Administrative Services Assistant Kamalei Hayes. “I think we focus more on language and culture, but more of the language part.”

Ke Ola Magazine will explore Ke Kula ‘O Nāwahīokalani‘ōpu‘u Iki Lab Public Charter School in Kea‘au, along with other language and culture based schools island-wide in the next installment of this series on alternate education. ❖

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WHEA students cleaning the shark tank.

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Directory of Hawai‘i Island Charter Schools East Hawai‘i Island Connections Public Charter School 808.961.3664 Hawaii Academy of Arts and Science Public Charter School

808.965.3730 Ka ‘Umeke Ka‘eo Public Charter School 808.933.3482 Ke Ana La‘ahana Public Charter School 808.961.6228 Ke Kula ‘O Nāwahīokalani‘ōpu‘u Iki Lab Public Charter School

808.982.4260 Kua O Ka Lā New Century Public Charter School

808.965.5098 Laupāhoehoe Community Public Charter School

808.962.2200 Nā Wai Ola Public Charter School 808.968.2318 Volcano School of Arts and Sciences Public Charter School

808.985.9800

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

West Hawai‘i Island Innovations Public Charter School 808.327.6205 Kanu O Ka ‘Āina New Century Public Charter School

808.890.8144

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WHEA students feed and analyze octopus.

Kona Pacific Public Charter School 808.322.4900 Ka‘u Learning Academy 808.498.0761 Waimea Middle Public Conversion Charter School

808.887.6090 West Hawaii Explorations Academy 808.327.4751

Pono

The value of integrity, of rightness, and balance.

The feeling of contentment when all is good and all is right.

Ninteenth in an ongoing series.

Managing with Aloha: Pono

| By Rosa Say

A

hurtful for one’s physical well-being, nor overly influence one’s mindfulness. In English, we call this having integrity.

I will often hear of a fourth factor in the ‘ōlelo spoken and taught by other kūpuna, and it is of na‘au, one’s gut feelings and intuition. They teach that the gut is the seat of one’s personal wisdom, not the head. They are urging you to listen with your entire being, careful not to dismiss your own intuition too quickly. Intuition is referred to as “emotional intelligence,” different from mindfulness, logic, and reason.

The mind-body-spirit trilogy can be overwhelming to think about, for each can be daunting in and of themselves. So focus on the word contentment, and away from self-analysis for a moment. Take notice of your staff, your peers, your leadership team and your family, and ask yourself if Pono and the feeling of contentment is what you see. Pono should be familiar and recognizable for you. Do you notice that they: • Have personal control of their lives, easily accepting responsibility?

• Are well rounded, involved in something meaningful outside of work?

• Are committed to a goal?

• Live within their passion?

• Are healthy, and their lifestyle contributes to their health?

• Don’t go it alone; they actively seek the company of others?

• Have a sense of humor, especially with their own blunders?

• Have values that nurture their soul and their spirit?

• Can openly share all these things and talk about them?

You will find that those who score Yes! on this checklist have a great attitude about things in general. They are optimists, and very happily so, feeling hopeful about what may lie ahead.

They are realistic, yet involved, and engage in life as willing and active participants. They want to be right in the middle of it.

Pono is all about attitude, and how attitude always comes before outcome. Good attitude, good prospects, good outcome.

Remember, when you manage with Aloha you have the belief that people are intrinsically good; what you seek to influence is their behavior. More often than not, the responsibility of this behavioral influence comes down to upholding what we know as the difference between right and wrong, with your business demonstrating its’ Pono contentment and courage daily. ~ Rosa Say Next issue: Ka lā hiki ola, the value of hope and promise.

Contact writer Rosa Say: RosaSay.com, ManagingWithAloha.com

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

re you content? You may feel there is much to be done, however the feeling of contentment is possible when you feel the path ahead is one that is right for you, one where you will enjoy the journey. It may be difficult, but because it’s the right journey it’s the best one, and you take it willingly, eagerly.

To be content, is to be at peace with decisions made, to be calm and stress-free. For the moment there is no striving in your mission, just the steadying certainty of going for it.

This feeling and overall confidence of Pono is contentment within rightness. Naturally, we often elevate Pono as an constant goal to achieve. When you are Pono, all becomes right for you because you make it so. All you juggle in life is in harmony and in balance no matter the complexity of your life.

There’s no inner conflict and there are no outside struggles which need be brought to resolution. There’s just the doing of your purpose, and getting the goodness in life achieved.

Simply said, Pono helps right conquer wrong, whether inside us or around us. To be known as ‘a Pono business’ is to stand by your moral convictions, and deservedly enjoy a reputation of always doing the right thing. You do right by everyone, every time.

Many in Hawai‘i define Pono as righteousness, and even the motto of our state, Ua mau ke ea o ka ‘āina i ke pono, is translated as “the life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness.”

However, as a value which drives behavior, think of Pono as rightness versus righteousness. Pono promotes goodness, wellness, correctness, and balance. It is self-consciousness, not self-righteousness, and the keen balance of all those forces that bring you contentment in your life. Self-righteous people are not content, for they are resentful or hesitant with giving their Aloha to others completely: Their ‘uhane of giving is not yet Pono.

As I have been taught, our Hawaiian culture names three different things which make up the entirety of a human being.

They are kino, your physical body and health; mana‘o, your mind and beliefs; and ‘uhane, your soul and spirit, in and of Aloha. As a value, Pono seeks to bring all three of these components to their best health, so they are in balance, and one is not stronger at the expense of the other. The ancient Hawaiians believed that ultimately the spirit will always be stronger, and even ‘uhane, the soul and spirit, must be good, and it must achieve the rightness and balance of Pono to not be

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Gathering Na Ali‘i | By Denise Laitinen

2014 Nā Ali‘i gathering at Kalapana Maunakea Church. photos by Denise Laitinen

T

his March an inspirational event will take place on a Sunday

morning in a small Hawaiian church in lower Puna. The event is Nā Ali‘i Sunday—a gathering of royal societies that will come together to honor both God and Nā Ali‘i (royalty) through song and verse at Kalapana Maunakea First Hawaiian Congregational Church in Nanawale Estates.

While the royal societies themselves date back to the 1860s and get together throughout the year for different cultural events, this is the only time of the year when they come together in a single church service.

It all started a little more than five years ago when Aunty Loke Kamanu of Mountain View was reading old church newspapers.

“I found out about the Nā Ali‘i Sundays by reading about them in old literature in newspapers at churches on O‘ahu,” says Aunty Loke. “Then I started reading more and learning more.”

Aunty Loke, who has attended Kalapana Maunakea church for more than a decade, is also a member of a royal society, Hale o Nā Ali‘i O Kalakaua in Hilo, which is part of the Hale O Nā Ali‘i O Hawai‘i royal society.

In November 2009, she brought up the idea of holding a Nā Ali‘i event.

“Since I’m the sergeant at arms for Hale O Nā Ali‘i, I approached my society first, and they were receptive of the idea, and then I approached my church.”

It wasn’t until she brought the idea to the church’s priest, or kahu, that she learned he was also a member of a royal order. Kahu Mike Warren is a member of the Royal Order of Kamehameha I and welcomed the idea of bringing the royal societies together. (See Jul–Aug 2014 Ke Ola for a history of the Royal Order of Kamehameha I.)

“There was no other church having this kind of service,” says Kahu Mike. Holding the event at Kalapana Maunakea church was fitting since the 192-year-old congregation is the oldest in the area. “Our church is the oldest Hawaiian church in East Hawai‘i, older than Haili Church in Hilo.”

It should be noted that the various royal societies each hold events honoring ali‘i. Some of these events are held in churches and some are at cultural events. For instance, ‘Ahahui Ka‘ahumanu holds services honoring ali‘i at Haili Church. Or the royal societies might come together for special occasions, such as the draping of lei on the King Kamehameha statue in honor of King Kamehameha Day. “When you put a ‘Nā’ in front of it you are including all the ali‘i societies because Nā means plural,” explains Aunty Puanani of ‘Ahahui Ka‘ahumanu.

What makes the gathering at Kalapana Maunakea Church unique is that it brings multiple royal societies together to honor Nā Ali‘i.

With the help of Ku‘ulei Hughes, president of Hale O Nā Ali‘i O Kalakaua O Helu Elua, Aunty Loke sent invitations to the secretary of each of the other royal orders and societies. “We sent invitations to four societies, and three of them said yes.”

“In the planning stages we decided that we would eat afterwards,” says Aunty Loke.

“We worship together then we eat together. However, we made it clear that they would be required to sing at least one mele (song).”

Kalapana Maunakea itself has a rich musical history. On any given Sunday you’ll hear hymns and songs in Hawaiian. The origins of the church date back to 1823, when a church made of pili grass was built as a mission station after Reverend William Ellis and three missionaries visited Kaimū and Kalapana. (See May–Jun 2015 Ke Ola for an article on churches in lower Puna.)

One of the church’s greatest musical accomplishments took place in 1886, when 60 members of the church’s choir walked for three days from Kalapana to Hilo to participate in the Aha Mele, an annual statewide song contest being held at Haili Church. The Kalapana choir won first place and received a silver flagon and chalice from then-Princess Lili‘uokalani.

Recalling the first Nā Ali‘i gathering at the Kalapana Maunakea Church, Aunty Loke says there was concern about asking the royal organizations to perform at the church service. “There was controversy over that because we were inviting them as guests, but then we were asking them to perform.”

“In the end, we decided to give them the opportunity to sing—we made it a “could do” instead of a “have to do.” What we found was that the various royal societies all wanted to sing.”

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

Following Protocol:

48

As with other Hawaiian cultural practices, there are protocols that need to be followed.

Kahu Mike says although he is a member of the Royal Order of Kamehameha I, he did not participate as a member, since he is also the kahu of the church.

“When I’m at the church I’m the kahu, so I didn’t participate in the formation of the Royal Order. It’s not that the kahu is above the ali‘i, but we always put God first, so the kahu enters the church first, then the Royal Order of Kamehameha I, then the royal societies. We have special sections where the royal order and societies sit on one side of the church and everyone else sits on the other side.”

Aunty Loke says that even though she is a member of a royal society, she still learned things about protocol when it came to interacting with the other societies.

“For instance, I learned don’t touch the [Royal Order of Kamehameha] men’s cape!” The capes, called ‘ahu, are considered sacred.

“In the beginning we go around and greet each other. We had to figure out how to give them a greeting without touching Silver chalice and flagon awarded to Kalapana Maunakea Church choir members by thenPrincess Lili‘uokalani when they won a statewide song competition in 1886.

the cape because the capes are kapu. A traditional Hawaiian greeting, or honi, is where two people lean in and touch foreheads then touch noses and inhale a breath together.

“Since I organized the event, I was the first one to give a greeting. The first gentleman I went to [in the Royal Order], I touched his cape and he said no. He held out his hand under his cape so I could hold his hand and could then lean in to touch our heads together and then our noses.”

Protocol also pertains to songs that can be sung. “Na Himeni O Ka Ekalesia is the name of the hymn book we use and it contains mele (song) that were written as far back as 1907.

“There are protocol in terms of songs that are played and hymns that are sung when we bring ali‘i and maka‘āinana together in worship,” says Aunty Loke. Each royal society also has their own signature song that they sing during such an event.

“It really meant a lot the first time we did it that the people coming from the royal societies were really excited to be honored in a Hawaiian church,” says Kahu Mike. He says for his church’s

part, they were equally thrilled to host the royal societies.

“It was an honor to have the royal societies here.” All the more so, since Kalapana Maunakea church is tucked deep in lower Puna far off the beaten path within Nānāwale.

After the church service, the members of the different groups relax and spend time together. “We eat and talk story. The day itself is a great time,” says Kahu Mike. “Culturally, I think it’s important to bring our royal societies together in the church.” For their part, members of the royal societies, enjoy attending the annual event.

“It’s an honor to be invited and to participate in Nā Ali‘i Sunday at Kalapana Maunakea Church,” says Catherine Kamau, who is pelekikena (president) of ‘Ahuhui Ka‘ahumanu Society Helu ‘Ekolu (Hilo chapter). “Thank you to Loke and Kahu Mike for really bringing us together in a celebration like this.”

Catherine and former Hilo Chapter Pelekikena Pualani Crumb point out that the Hawaiian hymn book containing Hilo Chapter of ‘Ahuhui hymns that date back to 1907.

Ka‘ahumanu has held Ali‘i Sunday events at Haili Church for many years. Those events are of a single royal society honoring an ali‘i, such as Queen Ka‘ahumanu or Princess Kamāmalu.

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

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KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

Since Kalapana Maunakea church started the Nā Ali‘i annual gathering, other churches around the state are bringing it back, says Kahu Mike.

“Now other churches are starting to do their own Nā Ali‘i gathering. They’re calling us to find out more about our event.”

He notes that Kapa‘a First Hawaiian Church on Kaua‘i held a Nā Ali‘i gathering last year and a church on Maui also held one.

Kahu Mike is quick to point out that the churches hosting the Nā Ali‘i gatherings are not all the same denomination, nor do members of the different royal societies all belong to the same church.

He adds that the Nā Ali‘i gathering has been growing during the past five years as they invite more chapters of the various royal societies.

“Every year we do something a little different. This year we’re looking at holding Nā Ali‘i on the first Sunday of March, known as Holy Communion Sunday or ‘Ai Palena.

“We usually wear black and white for our Holy Communion Sunday and thought it would be even more powerful to have the

50

royal order and societies there in their regalia. For people who are very pious, ‘Ai Palena is a very important occasion.”

In addition to religious elements, Kalapana Maunakea church has been incorporating more Hawaiian elements to the gathering.

“We’re getting more and more cultural. We’re taking it back more to what it was like in the mid-1800s,” he explains.

“This year we have two kāhili that we’re making. They’re being made in the colors of the church so we’ll have the kāhili in the front of the procession. For Nā Ali‘i Sunday we see more people dressing in Hawaiian formal wear too. Some women even wear the type of holokū (a loose seamed dress with a yoke and a train) and mu‘umu‘u that was popular during the mid-1800s or formal Hawaiian wear.”

The annual gathering is now something that the groups eagerly anticipate and are a tradition to be passed on to the next generation. “Everyone looks forward to it every year,” says Aunty Loke. “We want to continue our traditions with younger members in our societies and teach our youth.” ❖

For more information on the Nā Ali‘i gathering at Kalapana Maunakea Church: kalapanamaunakea@hotmail.com,

808.965.9961 Contact writer and photographer Denise Laitinen:

Denise@DeniseLaitinen.com

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The first royal benevolent society in Hawai‘i dates back to 1864 when Princess Victoria Kamāmalu formed ‘Ahuhui Ka‘ahumanu, also known as the Ka‘ahumanu Society, in honor of Queen Ka‘ahumanu. In 1865 Princess Victoria’s brother, King Kamehameha V, (Lot Kapuāiwa), formed the Royal Order of Kamehameha I in honor of his grandfather, King Kamehameha I. While each royal society’s mission is slightly different, the overarching goal is to maintain and preserve Hawaiian culture, as well as provide assistance to those in need, ill health, or dying.

In Hawai‘i there are four royal societies: The Royal Order of Kamehameha I ‘Ahahui Ka‘ahumanu Hale O Nā Ali‘i O Hawai‘i Daughters and Sons of Hawaiian Warriors—Māmakakaua

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KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

Each society, comprised of people of Hawaiian descent, is organized differently and have multiple chapters across the state. For instance, the Royal Order of Kamehameha I, of which kāne (men) are members, has a wahine (women) auxiliary organization, Nā Wāhine Hui O Kamehameha, whose members are usually wives or family members of men who belong to the Royal Order. The Royal Order of Kamehameha I has nine different chapters that represent different geographical areas of the state. Hawai‘i Island has three chapters: one includes Hilo, Puna, Hāmākua, and Ka‘ū, Kona, and Kohala. Similarly, ‘Ahahui Ka‘ahumanu has four chapters on Hawai‘i Island in Hilo, Kona, Waimea, and Kohala.

Hale O Nā Ali‘i has seven chapters across the state called hālau. Thus, the Hilo chapter that Aunty Loke is a member of is called Hale O Nā Ali‘i O Kalakaua Helu Elua, meaning that it was the second chapter established after Hale O Nā Ali‘i Hawai‘i on O‘ahu.

The royal societies saw periods of inactivity in the late 1800s and some, like the Royal Order of Kamehameha I, went underground after the overthrow of the Hawaiian government in 1893. Each of the societies started or restarted at different times in the early 20th century. The Royal Order of Kamehameha I was relaunched in 1903 while ‘Ahuhui Ka‘ahumanu reorganized in 1905. The Daughters and Sons of Hawaiian Warriors—Māmakakaua was formed in 1917 with Hale O Nā Ali‘i O Hawai‘i forming the following year.

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PHOTO: James Cohn

Hawaiian Benevolent Royal Societies

51

Surf Cowboy:Craig

Cunningham | By Catherine Tarleton

“I

“Guys who are good are not going to waste their time on people who don’t care,” says Craig. “If you are an honest human being, there will be doors that open.

For artists, craftsmen, it’s the same way. It was trial and error learning as a kid. If it gets broke, you’ve got to pull it apart and try to fix it. It changed who I was as a cowboy. They would say, ‘He’s a boy. Let’s make him a man. Step up. There’s no reason you can’t learn.’ It helped build my work ethic.”

The family moved to California when Craig was about eight, and he fell in love with the ocean. “I was always in the water anyhow. If there was a pond, lake, crick or stream around, I was in it,” says Craig.

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

f you were a male in my family, you were a cowboy, or a bronco rider, or you were left behind,” says Craig Cunningham, saddle-maker, surf instructor, artist, and lifetime cowboy. “As a youngster those were the kind of people I was surrounded by. My grandfathers and uncles were my heroes, and I wanted to be like them.”

Craig, who repairs and builds custom saddles and other gear from his Kailua-Kona workshop, was born into a multigenerational ranching family in South Dakota. Raised on the range, Craig says that’s what spurred his saddle-making career.

“It started with my relatives, and me getting broken stuff and hand-me-downs as a kid,” says Craig. “My grandfather, uncles, and dad were watching me; they wanted to see my reactions.

I was one of those kids who was naturally curious. I would tear it up and figure it out and fix it. The more desire and interest I showed, the more knowledge they shared.”

One of those uncles, Casey Tibbs, was a nine-time Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association champion in the 40s and 50s. He was a columnist for Rodeo Sports News, starred in numerous movies and worked as a professional stuntman. In 1973, Casey introduced rodeo to Japan, according to CaseyTibbs.com. A Foundation and Rodeo Center in South Dakota continues to promote the sport of rodeo and the cowboy heritage in his name.

53

As demand for custom saddles fluctuates, Craig has diversified his line of leatherwork, applying his saddle-making techniques to Mason Jar holders and Hydro Flask caddies.

Many incorporate Hawaiian imagery and patterns into the design.

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

“By junior high school, I was a young cattleman,” he says.

“I used to ride with my uncles, and one of them would say, ‘See that cow over there? Can you tell what’s wrong with her?’ ” This kind of on-the-job training taught him a great deal in a short time. “My grandfather would go into town to drink coffee and eat a doughnut, and he’d say to his buddies, ‘Ask Craig what kind of bull you should crossbreed...’ and I’d go on and on and on.”

Craig attended Kansas State University and studied Ranch Operations Management. He worked on ranches across the western states and competed in rodeo, including Cheyenne Frontier Days and the Calgary Stampede, although he never focused on rodeo as a career.

“In college, learning technical aspects made me into kind of a well-rounded cowboy deluxe,” says Craig. “Once I got to where I couldn’t really cowboy that much, I decided to devote more time

54

to my craft.” His journey continued to top saddle making schools, Montana Saddle School in Belgrade, and Jesse Smith in Colorado.

At one point, while he was recovering from a rodeo injury, a friend invited him to come to Hawai‘i, where he was going to work for Parker Ranch. Craig enjoyed some sun and surf, and not long after, moved to the North Shore of O‘ahu for a few years, then came to Hawai‘i Island.

“I love the ocean so much and the ranching culture so much,” says Craig. “This is the perfect place for me to be.

It’s a blessing.”

He started out in the small workshop at Pukalani Stables in Waimea, repairing saddles, bridles and other gear, building custom saddles and various small items. He and wife Susie, an avid surfer, embraced the Hawaiian culture, learned as much as they could, and chose the name Kua‘āina Saddlery for their business. After a lot of research and consideration, Hand-tooled leather goods such as Kua‘āina, “back country,” bags, wallets, custom motorcycle seats and tank bibs help Craig seemed a good fit for them and expand his repertoire, while for their work. practicing and perpetuating the Craig says it took a few skills he’s learned from a multi-generational ranching years for people to trust him family and teachers.

Craig’s attention to detail comes from his many years of experience, expertise and care.

Saddles, bridles, and other items are made of high quality materials and designed for comfort for riders and mounts too. Even bits are polished smooth to feel better in the horse’s mouth.

Cheers to the new year!

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KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

completely and to count on the fact that he was not going to leave. “I was in Waimea four years and got deeper and deeper and deeper into the family history.” [See Dr. Berginʻs story on p59] “Dr. Bergin was my go-to guy,” says Craig. “He introduced me to all the right people, he helped make me successful. He pushed me towards the working cowboy genre and helped me build business on the coconut wireless [word-of-mouth],” he says. “I know what it’s like when you only make this much money—it’s hard to make repairs. I let them pay it off over time, and it worked really well. Everyone seemed happy.”

Craig says that even as his reputation grew, saddle work is sporadic in Hawai‘i. The majority of his work goes to the mainland and other countries, and he might only build one saddle in a year. For that reason, he diversified into making unique gift items such as wallets, purses, knife sheaths, dog collars, custom motorcycle seats, tank bibs and more. Their new custom leather sleeves for water bottles and Hydro Flasks with handles are in-demand.

He works with care, taking time to twist his own horsehair rope, braid rawhide, make cinches and fine-tune the details that make for quality products that last. Many elements of Hawaiian culture are evident in Craig’s designs: florals, petroglyphs, woven lauhala patterns, waves, and geometric shapes evocative of ‘ohe kāpala (bamboo stamps).

He’s also found time to branch out, working construction, becoming a certified lifeguard, surfing instructor, artist, musician, and cowboy poet. He and Susie (who’s also a surf instructor) have seven children, in what Craig calls a “Brady Bunch” style blended family. Grown up now, the family includes a professional team roper, bronco rider, cowboy surfer, security guard, girls longboard champ with Hawaii Amateur Surf Association, and a successful Registered Nurse at Queens Hospital.

“It’s been a blessing with my kids. Some are into ranching, some ocean, but we all fit together somehow,” Craig says. “And Susie, she’s the power behind the throne, so to speak. I could not be successful without her.”

Most recently, Craig has started working on a series of color pencil/ pen and ink drawings that feature

K

55

Center drawing—Craig drew from a photograph of himself in a bareback riding competition in Salinas, CA.

traditional Japanese full-body tattoos. The designs feature koi, dragons, lotus, and clouds swept together in water patterns and reflections.

“I’ve taken them to a Japanese tattoo artist who said, ‘For a haole boy, this detail is amazing. It brings something from your own mind into Japanese body art. Ho, bra’, that’s sick...’ And that’s where I get gratification. I need money to pay bills, but this is where I get my fulfillment—the wow.” ❖ Contact Craig Cunningham: kuaainasaddlery@gmail.com, 808.345.4642

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

Contact writer and photographer Catherine Tarleton: catherinetarleton@gmail.com

56

Who am I?

| By Ku‘ulei Keakealani

Who am I?

| By Ku‘ulei Keakealani

I share with you a poem entitled, Who am I?

Who am I?

I

n learning about the cover of this issue and of a feature article, I decided to submit one of my “paniolo” poems that is quite personal for me.

I am indeed humbled by the upbringing my siblings and I received. We had a simple life, not one that was filled with tons of material things, rather one that was filled with a gift that seems quite rare now-a-days…time.

We had a mom who was home when we got home from school—each and every day.

We had a dad who took us to work with him every holiday, summer, and as much in between as possible. We even tried to make our own holidays just to go to work on the Ranch with him.

We had family “trail rides” every summer, year after year, that took us across each of the mountains on this island, except for Kohala.

Time to make memories that is proving to last a lifetime, and then some.

The paniolo lifestyle is still alive and well in our ‘ohana, as well as others, where we continue to pass on values rooted in a sense of aloha and ‘ohana.

It is a hard lifestyle, don’t get me wrong, it is the school of hard knocks—sometimes literally. This “old school” way has truly become something I treasure in my life.

I ask myself and I ponder…

I am of a grandfather whose weathered hands guide me always, and of a soft spoken grandmother.

Who am I?

I am a product of a Hawaiian paniolo and a gentle horse loving woman.

Who am I?

I am of famous hills and Mountains. Pu‘u Anahulu and Pu‘u Wa‘awa‘a on Hualālai, of Kapapala on Mauna Loa, of Makahalau and Pu‘u ‘Io on Mauna Kea, of Pu‘uki, and Hoku‘ula on Kohala.

Who am I?

I am of mouth-watering smoke meat from a pig that I helped Dad tie, that rode on the back of the truck home with us, that I held its feet as Dad carefully skinned it, that I watched him stir as the meat soaked, that I helped him hang in our smoke house, and then later removed, that I so happily smelled as Mom fried it up for dinner.

Ku‘ulei as Pā‘ū Queen, King Kamehameha Day Parade, June 11, 2015 in Kohala. photo by Renée Robinson

Yes, smoked meat—that thinking about it—brings a smile to my face. Grateful for the food of this land that sustains me.

Who am I?

I am of Parker Ranch Christmas parties where I marveled at the Christmas tree, that I swore was the tallest and biggest in the whole wide world.

Of camping trips to “our” ‘Anaeho‘omalu where I watched my brother learn how to swim, throw net, and holoholo.

Who am I?

I am of “play days” at Pukalani Stables where chasing the greased pig and running our horses in the wind was the greatest thrill of our lives. Instilled in me is a sense of appreciation, of hard work, and tons of great memories from my childhood that I would never trade for anything in the world.

Who am I?

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

I am a product of cowboy pay that afforded me an opportunity to acquire not one, but two college degrees.

I am of chilled morning sunrises as we catch our horses on branding day that makes me feel completely alive.

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Who am I?

FOR PASSES AND INFORMATION 808-854-6095 waimeaoceanfilm.org Artwork ©Sophie Twigg-Smith Teururai

I am the granddaughter and daughter of hardworking paniolo who are examples to me of living a good simple life. To appreciate all that we have, the many gifts that only the heavens (Akua) can bestow.

I am of hooves that clang on the road as we make our way through a parade wrapped tightly in our pā‘ū.

I am of a humble abode whose walls now hear the voices of another generation.

I am of hard honest work, of being productive, and accepting responsibility of and for myself, my children, my ‘ohana, my community and to my home—Hawai‘i.

Who am I?

I am of a Paniolo legacy. Paniolo mau….mau a mau!

Contact writer Ku‘ulei Keakealani: kuumehananani@yahoo.com

DR. BILLY BErGIN Quarter-century Veterinarian at Parker Ranch | By Catherine Tarleton

O

n July 1, 1995, on the 25th anniversary to the day of coming, I left the Ranch,” said Dr. Billy Bergin, Parker Ranch’s quartercentury veterinarian and author of three books (soon to be four) about the venerable 160-year-old cattle operation. “As a parting gesture, management gave me a bound copy of my 25 years of annual reports that in itself, I realized, represented an historic document, albeit a mere glimpse of the great institution.”

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

Kauka (doctor) Billy Bergin and Sonny Keakealani conduct horse maintenance, 1987. photo courtesy Leilani Hino

The book contained 25 years of observation, 48 graphic measures of animal health—each animal scored by Dr. Bergin—a huge volume of data.

“Shortly thereafter, we took a cruise to Tahiti, and I took that bound copy,” says Billy. “I was thinking, I’m going to spend a few months and write the history of Parker Ranch. When we came home, I started to write the whole Parker Ranch picture from way back—750 AD. After two years, I had too much. I started Volume II and kept rolling forward until now I find I have to have a Volume IV.” “In retrospect, it is Volume I that I cherish; I will never in my life do something that thorough ever,” he says.

Never dreaming he’d become a writer, much less author of four books with at least two more planned. Billy was a problem student in parochial school. Frustrated by his routine lack of attention, the nuns gave up on him by his third grade year.

At that point, Billyʻs father Bill Bergin, a physician on the Hāmākua coast, made the decision to take a friend up on an offer made years earlier.

Bill was the only son of an Irish immigrant, who came to Honolulu in 1888. He ran a saloon with rooms for let—the Waikiki Inn—populated by half a dozen retired bachelor Irish seamen.

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In

over 25 years living in Hawaii, I’ve never experienced anything as exciting, interesting, dynamic, engaging, educational and important as the Waimea Ocean Film Festival, which takes place January 1-4 in Waimea (Kahilu Theatre, HPA Gates Theatre and Parker School Theatre), Mauna Kea Resort and The Fairmont Orchid; plus January 5-8 at Four Seasons Resort Hualālai.

The festival showcases over 60 films, speakers, filmmakers and exhibits over the course of the 8 day event.

I left feeling so inspired in 2015 that the Emily T Gail Show on espnhawaii.com is now a proud sponsor of the Waimea Ocean Film Festival.

Look for me there and please say aloha!!!

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

Visit waimeaoceanfilmfest.org for detailed information.

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Billy Bergin with his horse Smokey. photo courtesy Billy Bergin

“Bill Bergin was their boy,” says Billy. “And those six men put him through St. Louis College on River Street in Honolulu and then sent him to medical school in Omaha.”

“I went with him to Honolulu when I graduated from high school and we went to Nu‘uanu Cemetery where my grandfather was buried,” says Billy. “He said a few Ave Marias before several headstones with names I never recognized beyond my grandfather’s. I asked him if they were family, and he said, ‘No, and when you go home, look in the cabinet at my baby cup with six names.’ ” There inscribed were the names of his benefactors.

Billy then queried his dad about being granted the privilege of po‘olua —a child raised by two father figures, when Uncle Holi joined in raising this little boy from Laupāhoehoe.

Before young Billy was born, Dr. Bill essentially saved the life of Mrs. Esther Ako Mae, wife of John Holi Mae of Kukaiau Ranch near Laupāhoehoe. She had suffered a ruptured tubal pregnancy and was hospitalized for about three weeks. When husband John came to bring her home from the hospital, Bill walked them out to the car.

“He told my father, ‘If you ever have a son, I would like to partake in his upbringing,’” says Billy. At age nine, Father allowed young Billy to go and live on the Ranch with Holi and his family.

From then on, Billy was po‘olua—a son of two fathers.

Billy testing Ed Denizʻs swine for pseudo rabies, brucellosis, and leptospirosis, 1987. photo courtesy Leilani Hino

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

“Look how that changed my whole life,” says Billy. “Estherʻs mother lived with us; she spoke no English. I was only nine, but I got it. Cowboy language is Hawaiian language. You go to other ranches, you adopt the language and other nuances.”

Billy grew up immersed in the deep-rooted, hardworking tradition of Hawaiian paniolo culture. And there, in the seclusion of nature, he was isolated and finally able to focus and to learn— defying all the dire predictions of the school nuns.

“How kind and thoughtful of him to do it,” says Billy. “Many years later he did another thoughtful thing.”

By age 12, Billy could shoe his own horse string and earned $100 a month in the summers and holidays at Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō Ranch, owned by the Shipman’s. From there, he graduated to working at other smaller ranches all around the island—Keauhou, Kapāpala, Ka‘alu‘alu, Pu‘uwa‘awa‘a and Parker Ranch before leaving for college in Kansas.

“Some of the most dramatic, bizarre, tragic, memorable instances happened on these small ranches,’ says Billy.

“It’s about wonderful people: everyday, quiet, productive people—loyal, hardworking.”

At the end of his junior year in high school, he went to work at Parker Ranch for the first time. “By then I wanted to be a veterinarian,” Billy says. He attended Kansas State University, and found himself struggling in school again, eking out a 1.8 grade point average while sweating through general chemistry and college algebra. He had already started seeing Pat, former Miss Aloha Hawai‘i, who was attending University of Hawai‘i at Hilo on the pageant’s two-year scholarship.

“When I was starting to apply to veterinary schools, Dad said, ‘If it’s anything like medical school, you need a B+.’ ” Then he did the second thoughtful thing that his son has always remembered.

“He wrote me a note to stop in Los Angeles on my way home for the summer of 1962, as he was on his way to a conference in Lake Placid, New York,” says Billy. With three sisters there, the family could get together for a mini reunion. “Dad sat me down and said, ‘I think you should marry Pat sooner than later.’ ” His reasoning was that, since Pat’s scholarship was running out, if she married Billy she could benefit from his Grandmother’s trust and be educated as one of the Bergin children. Overcoming some concerns from mother, Emma, who was already fond of Pat, the two married, and Pat went on to complete college at Kansas State.

“How remarkable, how unusual that was for my father to tell me to get married, how lucky. Of course, marrying Pat would have a settling effect which readily converted to good study habits.”

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As founder of the Paniolo Preservation Society, Dr. Bergin was integrally involved with the establishment of the Paniolo Heritage Museum at Pukalani Stables in Waimea. The Museum features a collection of authentic Hawaiian tree saddles, historic photographs, documents and more.

In veterinary school, it all came together for Billy, then an honor student. He says in some ways the professors had the ability to pick up where Esther left off years before, and his concentration was enhanced by Pat. Coming home, he began his quarter-century career with Parker Ranch in 1970 that inspired the Loyal to the Land book series.

“Loyal to the Land says something about the outfit,” says Billy in a video interview with the National Cowboy Museum. “If you are born and raised there, or worked on it, you never stopped loving the Ranch. You remain loyal to that outfit no matter what.”

Billy’s history book of Parker Ranch begins in 750 AD, when the highly prized green lands were farmed in taro, sweet potatoes and other food crops. Cattle arrived more than 1,000 years later, a gift of British Captain George Vancouver in 1788, to King Kamehameha I, who made them kapu and released them into the countryside. A short 20 years later, the wild “pipi” overran the landscape, wreaking havoc on native plants and people’s farms and homesteads.

John Palmer Parker was given the King’s permission to harvest the cattle and to establish trade in hides and salt beef.

He married Kamehameha’s granddaughter, Chiefess Kipikane, and was awarded lands that eventually grew into Parker Ranch, having at one time over 500,000 acres and 50,000 head of cattle.

Elementally entwined with Hawaiian history, deeply committed to sustaining the land that inspires such loyalty for 160 years, the Ranch’s story is far-reaching and continues to expand.

From seasons of growth and bounty, through times of war and hardship, the inevitable and difficult changes as the last Parker family heir passed away, and today’s refocus and renewed energy—the story continues. It continues to be the story of people, the hardworking paniolo families that have come, and gone, and remain.

Only Dr. Billy Bergin could tell those stories with the heart and soul they all share. Of Volume IV, covering the last 20 years, he says, “You gotta give me a happy ending to this book.” ❖ Contact Dr Billy Bergin: dr.billybergin@gmail.com Contact writer and photographer Catherine Tarleton:

catherinetarleton@gmail.com

Hawai‘i Island Nonprofit: Hilo Bayfront Trails Inc. Creating a multi-use trail through scenic downtown Hilo | By Alan D. McNarie

W

hen Peter Kubota went to the University of Oregon as an exchange student in 1982, the 46 miles of eight-footwide bicycle/pedestrian trails that wound around the campus, the city of Eugene, and its park system impressed him. The trails, along with 71 miles of signed bikeways, 187 miles of marked bike lanes on Eugene streets, and seven bicycle/pedestrian bridges over major highways and the Willamette River, created a safe, scenic alternative transportation system for the city, as well as a major recreational resource and source of civic pride.

Someday, he vowed, he would do something like that for Hilo. Peter is now a successful Hilo lawyer, and his dream is inching toward fruition. The state, the county, and a nonprofit that Peter heads called Hilo Bayfront Trails Inc. are collaborating to create an integrated network of bicycle and pedestrian pathways that will eventually link much of Hilo from the Wailuku River to Keaukaha.

Last July, a groundbreaking was held near the Mo‘oheau Bandstand for the first section of the new trail system, which is now under construction.

“The entire system may be envisioned as a series of lei, linked in loops and tying together our community’s history, scenery, Wailoa River

recreational activities and the exquisite open space areas fronting Hilo Bay,” reads the Hilo Bayfront Trails website. “The Trail will provide a variety of multimodal paths, pedestrian sidewalks, dedicated bicycle lanes, and shared roads for bicycles that will function as a cohesive trail system for pedestrian and nonmotorized transportation between Hilo Harbor and Downtown Hilo. It will complement and highlight the outstanding attributes of the Hilo Bayfront area…. Aside from the trails themselves, the project will include new parking areas and interpretive signs and displays denoting areas of historical and cultural interest.”

Downtown Hilo, Bayfront

Lili‘uokalani Gardens

Kamehameha Ave. and view of Bayfront

Hilo Bayfront

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

When it’s completed, the makai portion of the trail system will stretch all the way from Mo‘oheau Bus terminal to Reed’s Bay and link up with existing footpaths around Banyan Drive, Lili‘uokalani Gardens, and Moku Ola (Coconut Island). Inland segments will circle Wailoa Pond and visit other sections of the park, including Wailoa Center, the Tsunami Memorial, and the King Kamehameha Statue. It will be possible to bike or walk from downtown Hilo to the County Building and to the Banyan Drive Hotels, without ever venturing onto a highway aside from an occasional crosswalk.

Future extensions could take the system to the Keaukaha beach parks and the University of Hawai‘i Hilo.

Compared to the Eugene system, the Bayfront Trail System would be relatively modest—about six miles of trails. The group hopes that it will only be the beginning.

“It is also envisioned that the completion of major segments will inspire the creation of additional trail segments,” states the website.

It’s still got a long way to go—yet given the incredible complexity of the project, with its multiple state, county, private, and nonprofit players, simply bringing everyone together and coming up with a consensus plan has been a major accomplishment in itself. The next, equally complex challenge is to find the funding for the entire system, and some major strides have been made there, as well.

After Peter got back to Hawai‘i, he joined a local bicycling organization—“a bunch of gearheads,” he calls them

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Rodeo starts at noon on Sat. and 11 AM on Sun. (Qualifying, Slack Roping starts at 8am)

PANAEWA EQUESTRIAN CENTER

(Next to Panaewa Zoo -- Off the Hilo Keaau Highway) Featuring Rodeo Clown JJ Harrison and our uniquely Hawaiian Rodeo Events!

Mo‘oheau Bandstand to Wailoa Bridge

Food Concessions & Vendors on site

Pre-sale Tickets: $6 -- At the Gate: $8 -- Keiki under 12 FREE Tickets available at Coldwell Banker Day Lum, 2 Kamehameha Ave, Hilo or call 808-937-1004

Sponsors: Coors, County of Hawaii, Hawaii Tourism Authority

www.HawaiiRodeoStampede.com

Mo‘oheau Bandstand to Wailoa Bridge

Moku Ola

Mo‘oheau Bandstand

affectionately. In about 2006, the group got invited by then-mayor Harry Kim to attend a meeting with the County Departments of Planning, Public Works, Transportation and Parks and Recreation, the Police Department, the State Departments of Transportation and Parks, and stake holding groups such as bicyclists, soccer clubs, and canoe clubs, to talk about a possible trail system around Hilo Bay. “The meeting was to discuss if there was community interest in planning a trail,” says Peter. When the mayor’s representative asked the groups if they wanted to do the trail, he recalls, “Everybody in the room said yes.”

The very diversity of the groups who came to the table for that first meeting illustrates one of the big challenges for the trail system. Part of it is on state-controlled lands such as Wailoa State Park, which the state maintains on the site where the 1960 tsunami wiped out downtown Hilo. Other sections will run over county lands, such as the parcel under Mo‘oheau Bandstand and downtown bus station. Still other segments at least border

Wailoa River

on private property, such as the Banyan Drive hotels. Bringing the plan to fruition will require close cooperation between an alphabet soup of state and county agencies, as well as a plethora of nonprofits, companies, and individuals.

Spurred on by a small yet determined core group of backers, County Research and Development applied for, and received, a $120,000 grant to plan the trail, and hired an outside consultant to draft a sketch of the planned trail. Community meetings were held to get public input on the proposal. The master planning process took from 2007 to about 2011. Beth Dykstra of County Research and Development shepherded the plan through the Shoreline Management Access Permit process, and the permit came through in April 2011.

Still, Peter worried, even if the spirit was willing, the funding was weak. “We had a good plan, but the government didn’t have any money to do it. Realizing that government had just come through the worst recession in history and had no money, we formed a nonprofit to build a trail and give it back to the state

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

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King Kamehameha I statue

Kamehameha Avenue

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

and county. All of the players who volunteered through 2011 are still on board, helping to get this trail built.”

It turns out that the group hasn’t had to go it alone, after all.

Peter says, “Both the state and county have come forward with money to help build this trail.”

Several state senators got behind the plan, including Hawai‘i Island Senator Gill Kahele and Water and Parks Committee Chair Donovan Dela Cruz. The State Parks Division came through with $2.5 million in capital improvements funding to renovate Wailoa State Park, including pavilion renovation, parking lot repairs, and a section of the trail by the Wailoa pavilions.

Meanwhile, the county has been busy with a little help from the Federal government.

“County Parks and Rec has put a staff person on a grant application from National Park Service for $370,000 for a matching grant,” says Peter. “That will fund construction of Phase 1, from the bandstand and canoe hales (houses), then around the mauka (toward the mountain) soccer fields to Pauahi Street.”

The group has also received a pledge from the Ed Olson Trust for another $250,000 matching challenge grant.

Matching funds are just that—they have to be matched by other donors before they can be touched. Peter estimates that Hilo Bayfront Trails will have to come up with another $500,000– $1 million to build the entire trail system.

The group is actively soliciting more grants and public support.

Its members meet monthly, usually at the conference room at the Hawai‘i County Planning Department, to monitor the progress of the fundraising efforts and of the building of the trail itself, now that construction is finally underway. ❖

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Contact Peter Kubota and Hilo Bayfront Trails Inc.:

HiloBayFrontTrails.org Contact writer Alan D. McNarie: amcnarie@yahoo.com

This educational lesson was developed by D.J. High for Grade 5.

Worldwide Voyage Hawaiian Star Compass

An ingenious tool introduced to Hawaiians by Pwo Navigator Mau Piailug of Micronesia, the star compass is a mental construct that allows navigators to read the starline, wave direction, and bird flight paths.

Learning Objectives

Key Concepts To share how ancient Hawaiians were able to navigate from one island to the next with extreme accuracy, dependent upon their natural and celestial surroundings.

Students will utilize their prior knowledge of cardinal directions (N, S, E, and W) and angles to build a full size Hawaiian Star Compass.

Standard Benchmarks Solve real world problems involving multiplication of fractions and mixed numbers.

Use models and/or simulations to represent and investigate features of objects, events, and processes in the real world.

Describe the relationship of Earth (size and distance) to other components in the solar system

Assessment Students will be assessed on their ability to correctly build a Hawaiian Star Compass based off of its alignment through natural forces.

Students will also need to correctly label cardinal directions on their compass and use a protractor to mark out 90º angles between each direction.

The students’ ability to work cohesively will come into play as their General Learner Outcomes of community contributor.

©2015 Polynesian Voyaging Society

The foundational framework for the Art of Wayfinding is the sidereal Star Compass. The star compass is a mental construct and not physical like a western compass. The visual horizon is divided into 32 houses, a house being a bearing on the horizon where a celestial body resides. Each of the 32 houses is separated by 11.25˚ of arc for a complete circle of 360˚.

Resources Oli/Kahea: Hokulea.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/TPR-Level1-Basic-Part-2-copy.pdf Star Compass Lesson: Hokulea.com/hawaiian-star-compass More about the Star Compass: Hokulea.com/education-at-sea/ polynesian-navigation/the-star-compass Track the Worldwide Voyage: Hokulea.com/track-the-voyage

Materials SMARTboard/Whiteboard Protractor String Natural materials to use as markers (rocks, sticks, etc.)

Compass Compass app for smart phone Individual whiteboards (4 or 8) Whiteboard markers (4 or 8) Oli/Kahea

Lesson Lesson specifics are available online: Hokulea.com/hawaiian-star-compass ©2015 Polynesian Voyaging Society

Crossword Puzzle | By Myles Mellor

This page is for Ke Ola readers to have FUN while learning about the Hawaiian culture and this wonderful island we call home.

Some answers are in English, some are in Hawaiian.

Some answers will be found when you read the stories and ads in this issue.

Feel free to use the online Hawaiian electronic library.wehewehe.org Oh yes, you can find the answers on page 83.

Your feedback is always welcome.

HIeditor@keolamagazine.com

DOWN 1 Hawaiian word meaning large 2 Hawaiian word for to measure 3 Underground oven at a lū‘au 4 Hawaiian word meaning resembling 5 Kind of tide or current 6 Delicious tuber now being grown in Hawai‘i 7 Physical body and health, in Hawaiian 10 Hawaiian word for lost or vanished 12 Formerly known as, in a wedding announcement 14 Place to stay the night 18 School transports 19 The color of some soil in Hawai‘i 20 Not so well 21 Seafood delicacy 22 Letter addition 23 Business emblem or identifier 25 Commonly used evidence 27 Hawaiian word meaning good-looking 28 Hawaiian word meaning sinful 31 Hawaiian word meaning ill 32 Less easily found 33 Cooking equipment 35 Hawaiian word for purple 36 Kua _____ near Kona 37 see 23 down 38 Pull along 39 Volcano output 40 Hawaiian word for joy

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

ACROSS 1 Gathering of Hawaiian royal societies to honor God

and royalty through song and verse, _____ Sunday 4 Ask for earnestly 8 Hawaiian wreath 9 Hawaiian word for to beckon 11 Hawaiian word meaning to pry with a lever 13 Handsome or beautiful in Hawaiian 15 Nut tree that can be grown in Hawai‘i 16 Just built 17 Hawaiian word for to resound 18 Parker Ranch vet, Dr. _____ 21 Goodness or righteous in Hawaiian 22 Good score on a golf course 24 What Craig Cunningham makes in his workshop 26 _____ acids, good supplements 29 Succeed 30 Natural energy 33 Like a sweet potato 34 Hawaiian word for to delay or waste time 36 Peter Kubota’s Hilo _____ Trails, being designed

to connect much of Hilo from the Wailuku River

to Keaukaha 38 Towering 40 Hawaiian word meaning there it is!

41 Inside, prefix 42 Call for rescue letters 43 Relating to the sea 44 West Hawaii Explorations Academy, for short

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Historic Kainaliu, Kona’s original shopping village.

Located 5 miles south of Kailua-Kona.

& Made in Hawaii Fine Crafts Jewelry & Art

plus Beading Supplies

808 322-3203 www.ShowcaseGalleryHawaii.com

Cliff Johns Gallery supports AdvoCATS and encourages everyone else to, too! AdvoCATS is committed to solving the homeless cat crisis through the humane Trap/Neuter/ Return program. They have spayed or neutered more than 17,000 cats since the inception in 1999.

Donations and volunteers are always appreciated.

Please contact us to find out how you can help!

(808) 327-3724 www.AdvoCATSHawaii.org

A 1970s photo taken the day a young Diana Aki met Eddie Kamae, famous singer with the Sons of Hawai‘i, who jump-started her career after she and her auntys—the Grace sisters, Kalua Rentegrado, top left, and Rosaline Boring—shared the old songs from Miloli‘i with Eddie. photo ©copyright Boone Morrison

Vintage 1970s photo of Miloli‘i cchildren, reminiscent of the song “Lā Elima.” photo ©copyright Boone Morrison

Songbirds of Miloli‘i: Nā Kūpuna, Nā Keiki, and Diana Aki | By Karen Valentine

D

was having a celebration down by the park. Because it was a long way down to the village, when the families all got together they would stay for days. Somebody yelled, ‘Auwe! kai miki, kai miki [tsunami]!’ When people hear that, everybody runs inland, along the ala nui, the pathway. They got to safety then turned around, and they noticed the children weren’t there. They started to wail, ‘Auwe, eia nei, pepe [come here, baby].’ This one wave took the entire village, including the Protestant church.

“Then the miracle happened. When the water started leveling off, they started noticing splashes in the water. They all started running toward the sea. Sure enough, they started pulling the children up. Of all the area on that south side of Kona where the water came in, we were able to save all of our children. So they wrote the song ‘Lā Elima.’ It says on the 5th of February, tears fell along the pathway. Now I don’t have the long breath that you needed. Brother Israel fell in love with the song and recorded it.

It’s more in the modern style. In the old style, you just wail like you feel.”

Diana, who was born and educated in Hilo, then moved to Miloli‘i at age 11, says she is not the one songbird of Miloli‘i, that there were many, especially her auntys who taught her how to

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

iana Puakini Aki had already acquired the nickname “The Songbird of Miloli‘i” when she received the Female Vocalist of the Year award for her debut album, Memories of You, in 1990. One of the songs on it is a haunting and melodic version of “Songbird.”

The girl with the clear, sweet voice from the village at the end of the road had also attracted the attention of other famous musicians, including Eddie Kamae and Israel Kamakawiwo‘ole, who traveled to the remote Hawai‘i Island fishing village of Miloli‘i just to find out more about her and the old Hawai‘i songs that she sings. They were so touched by the village’s people and the passion with which they sang that they both asked permission to record songs they heard Diana sing there.

One of them is “Lā ‘Elima,” a poignant song telling the story of the 5th of February, a day in 1868 when the children of the village were swept away by a tsunami—and then a miracle occurred.

Aunty Diana, who is a wonderful singer and a consummate storyteller, tells the story and describes the unique style of singing that she learned from her auntys. “Their way of expressing the song was to prolong it, like wailing, or like a chant. There’s a song that talks about the day when a great wave came in. Everybody

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Diana Aki with the Volcano Hawaiian Band, 1978.

L–R: Vernon Wright, Solo Colburn, Boone Morrison, Diana, Mikey Wailani photo ©copyright Boone Morrison

January–February 2016

sing local style. “I was the one that was inspired by them. You don’t sing any kine; you sing what you feel.”

Because her father’s family was from Miloli‘i, the family moved back there when he fell ill. Her parents wanted her to continue her schooling, so she lived part of the time with relatives in Hilo and traveled back and forth.

“There was hardly any access to get out of that place. The road wasn’t oiled either, it was just a donkey trail, covered by trees. It was like going into a cave going down there. When it came time to go to school, I came back to Hilo. I was attending St. Joseph School, so it was a big deal. There were hardly any Hawaiians in that school.”

It was in Miloli‘i, she says, that “I found my Hawaiianness.”

Hawaiian was still spoken there as the primary language, so she just listened.

“It was kind of lonely at first, I felt alone. The cousins and children my age never bothered about me. I was always with the elders, the older ones. That’s where I learned. Two of my aunts, the Grace sisters—Kalua and Rosaline—were the ones that really kept the music going, always singing the old songs. I started to learn [the language], but the songs spoke to me. Hawaiians are very observant and I would observe more than I would speak.

Humility counted. You just humble yourself and behave.”

The village was then and still is known as a traditional fishing village. “I had to learn how to adjust myself to that lifestyle. It

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was different than the city. We all had to go out on the fishing boats. The kūpuna told stories about how in the old days they traded their fish. The coconut and lauhala hats were made, and all of the salted fish placed in a barrel, and the boats would come and take it away. When they came back, they would bring the crackers and the coffee. The people would also make exchanges with other families that lived up along the highway. We lived with nature. When it was hot, we’d sit in the shade and make fishing lines and hooks and things like that.”

Diana married a Hilo boy, Fidelis Aki. “He came to Miloli‘i for me.” He, too, became a fisherman. Together, they had seven sons and adopted two girls.

Diana’s life has been more than music and fishing. She has also been an early childhood educator, working for Kamehameha Schools. The first opportunity she had was to help the children of Miloli‘i, including her own.

“They had to get up so early and go all the way up to the top to catch the bus and drive to school in Ho‘okena. The children

Eddie Kamae and the late Dennis Kamakahi return to play the old songs for Diana.

L–R: Dennis,Eddie, Diana photo ©copyright Boone Morrison

were having a hard time functioning; they were falling asleep, so they started a little boarding school nearby, and I was one of the dorm attendants there. I lived up there on weekdays and came home on weekends.”

She loved working with the children. In 1978, Kamehameha Schools started an extension program in Hōnaunau, adjacent to the Place of Refuge (Pu‘uhonua o Hōnaunau), Diana said.

“It was called Hale Ho‘oponopono because it was a place to find yourself.

They took in students coming from Konawaena School, where Hawaiian students were dropping out and getting into trouble because they couldn’t adjust. Their lifestyle was more like

survival rather than getting educated for the future. So, this group of gentlemen from Honolulu said we need a program to start bringing the Hawaiian children together in schools.”

Diana caught their attention with the boarding school at Ho‘okena, and they hired her.

“I was hired as a resource person, because I knew the lifestyle. I knew how the Hawaiian thinks, and I applied that to handling situations with the children. I didn’t get hired on the kine degrees,” she said, laughing. “It was my first experience with wanting to be educated. I got the opportunity to go back and get my GED. I would finish in Hōnaunau, then go up to school at Kealakekua, then go home weekends.”

She spent 14 years with Hale Ho‘oponopono, until it ended and she transferred to Kamehameha Schools’ early childhood development program, where she visited families having a first birthing experience—mostly teenagers, she says.

In the village, people often hired her to sing at their lū‘au and other occasions. Then an event happened that would expose her to the wider world of Hawaiian music. Photographer and architect Boone Morrison from Volcano had received a National Endowment for the Arts Photographer’s Fellowship in 1972 to document the rural village of Miloli‘i. During the two years he stayed there, he got to know and hear Diana Aki. “He would come down and hear me sing with my other songbirds at parties. He saw what I was doing with the children

and sharing the culture. He invited me one day to bring the children and give a presentation in South Kona about the songs we sing.

“The next morning, Boone came and said, ‘Guess who I brought? Eddie Kamae! I said, ‘Eddie Kamae! What did you bring him here for?’ He said he was there last night and he heard you. So I fixed him pancakes, and he was really kind. He says ‘I came because I was interested in the songs that you sing.’ I said, ‘They are not my songs; they belong to the auntys. They are the keepers of those songs.’ I said, ‘If you are interested, I’ll take you over there and you ask them.’ ” After introducing the famous singer from the group Sons of Hawai‘i, Diana walked outside and waited patiently. “All of a sudden, Boone comes out and says, ‘You gotta go in there.’ Why? What’s happening? Aunty looked at me and at him and said, ‘If she sing the songs, you can have them.’ And that’s how I became famous, how I got started.”

So Aunty Diana went to Honolulu to sing her songs with Sons of Hawai‘i in 1978, and then joined them on tour to the other islands. While on Kaua‘i, she was inspired to write the song, “Mana‘o Pili” about how she loved that island.

Because of family obligations, Diana wasn’t able to continue on tour, and she returned to her home island, where Boone helped her to get a contract to sing at the Volcano House Hotel. She sang with Morrisonʻs group, the Volcano Hawaiian Band, and

Aunty Diana entertaining at the 2015 Nā Mākua Invitational Christmas Gift Fair.

January–February 2016

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KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

during those years, she met several other musicians, including Elias Kuamo‘o from Puna. He became a regular guitar player with her and one day convinced her to make a recording in a coffee shack in Kona.

They selected several of her songs in Hawaiian, four original compositions and some favorite contemporary songs, including “Songbird.” It became her first album, Moments With You. It was entered in Nā Hōkū Hanohano awards competition, where she was honored with Best Original Song (Haku Mele) for “Mana‘o Pili” and the 1990 Female Vocalist of the Year.

“When I made my debut,” Aunty Diana says, “I brought it home, and the first people there who heard it were my two aunts and they loved it. They asked why I didn’t sing everything in Hawaiian—that it should be all Hawaiian. I said, ‘But hey tutu, I won!’ ” Two more Diana Aki albums have been released. One is Precious Hawai‘i, recorded by her, and published without her permission. Her latest is Kalihi in 2009.

In 1998, Diana and her husband returned to Hilo, where their lives would be more convenient. (“And Hilo has hot water!”) All the children were grown and Fidelis needed medical care. He passed away in 2003. Diana continued working in early childhood education for Kamehameha Schools in Hilo before retiring.

The Songbird of Miloli‘i still keeps up a regular schedule of performance dates and rarely gives up an opportunity to share her songs and her mana‘o. She has also appeared on numerous albums with other artists, such as Cyril Pahinui and George

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Kahumoku, as well as on compilation albums of Hawaiian music.

Other artists have recorded her original compositions, too, which include “Mana‘o Pili,” “Moments With You,” “Manu Mele,” and “Aloha Hale O Ho‘oponopono,” Aunty Diana entertaining the last one the audience at the written by the staff monthly Hui Kako‘o at and children at the Keauhou Shopping Center. photo by Renée Robinson school.

“They call me the Songbird of Miloli‘i, but I say there were more songbirds before me,” she humbly reminds us. “What I gathered from all those experiences is not the way you sing, it’s the way you feel.

For me, that’s what makes me want to sing.” ❖ Contact Diana Aki: 808.238.2383 Contact writer Karen Valentine: karenvalentine808@gmail.com

The Isaacs Art Center features some of the finest Hawaiian and Asian art from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. All proceeds benefit the HPA Scholarship Fund, which assists promising young people from Hawai‘i in realizing their educational goals.

The Hawaiʻi Wood Guild and Isaacs Art Center are pleased to announce the 30th Annual Wood Show 2016.

The free exhibit will open January 9 with an artist reception, 5-8 p.m., and run through February 26. Talk story with guild members every Saturday. All items in the show are available for purchase. For more information, visit www.HawaiiWoodGuild.com or contact Isaacs Art Center.

THE ISAACS ART CENTER at Hawai‘i Preparatory Academy, 65-1268 Kawaihae Road, Kamuela, Hawaii. Adjacent to the HPA Village Campus.

HOURS: 10 a.m. - 5 p.m., Tue. - Sat. Admission is free. Closed during Thanksgiving weekend and between Christmas and New Year’s Day. For information, or to arrange group visits: 808-885-5884 or isaacsartcenter@hpa.edu.

WEB: http://isaacsartcenter.hpa.edu &

Featured Cover Artist: Randy Dahl

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with him. The next day, they followed Mana Road until they entered right into the middle of a herd of horses. They started to take pictures and the leader of the pack was interacting with the camera. The painting reflects that divinely inspired moment.

“It represents reconciliation between people and the Creator, which returns the land to righteousness. The life of the land is perpetuated in righteousness; as a people we must understand what makes one righteous,” he says.

Randy says it’s projects like this one that keep him motivated as an artist. He’s always been an artist at heart, yet it wasn’t until he was a teenager that he realized that he could make a living from it.

“I can remember this specific moment, when I was 16, I had finished my first painting in eight hours and people thought it was a photograph. It was a surreal experience because suddenly this gift was staring right at me. You could say it was a defining moment when I realized I could do this on a professional level,” he says.

A few years later, he sold his very first piece.

“It’s a humbling discovery when you achieve things beyond what you expect. This inspired me to step out even more the next time,” he says.

Now he works out of his home, where he can perfect his craft on a personal level. That’s one of the areas where he gets true inspiration.

“I come to life when I can personally meet the client, listen to their desires, and serve their vision or needs with my abilities. There’s something about the feeling of home that creates the atmosphere that helps open people up to express themselves in ways you don’t get in a more industrial or commercial environment,” he says.

Most importantly, Randy says it’s the “evidence of spiritual truth found in nature” that has always inspired him.

View Randy’s work: DahlBrush.com, dahlbrush@gmail.com

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

his issue, we feature the work of Randy Dahl, a professional artist who has been living in Hawai‘i for the past 14 years.

Originally from Eugene, Oregon, Randy moved to Hawai‘i Island to further his education as an artist.

“It was a life changing decision; it just felt right. I instantly fell in love with the people, culture, and creation you can only find here,” he says.

Since then, he’s found an endless flow of creative inspiration from both the people and the land.

“Depending on the work, the process can vary, but it usually begins by quieting myself to hear or see what the Creator is doing in the land or its people and responding to that. This brings a depth and meaning to a piece that is unique both to the individual and the subject,” he says.

The image on our cover features his “Mana” painting. He says the piece took eight years to complete. It all began when he was driving his truck on the highway near Kua Bay. “I felt the strong presence of the Creator come over my whole truck as he gave me an open eye vision of this image with the islands in the face looking right at me. Then he said, ‘go up Mana Road in the sunrise and the horse will be there.’ ” Randy says he had never heard of Mana Road before, and later that night called a photographer to head up to Mauna Kea

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Come Play!

H I L O Downtown Hilo – unique shopping, dining, and entertainment in a historic waterfront setting. Find the Calendar of Events, Directory, and things to See + Do in Hilo online at:

www.downtownhilo.com

Keiki Camp

for children crawling-age 3

Open Play

Date Night

104 kalakaua street, Hilo 808-430-8043 namanuliiplayspace.com

Hawaiian Crown Plantation and Chocolate Factory Celebrating 1 Year

Come join the party at Lucy's...

Hilo's Mexican Taqueria!

FRESH MADE!

We use only the freshest ingredients.

We serve lunch, dinner, and breakfast all day.

Lucy's Taqueria

Enjoy a drink at our full bar.

Chocolates 100% Made in Hawaii from 100% Hawaiian Grown Cacao. Tree-to-Bar, no extra fillers or preservatives.

Treats for Your “Sweets!”

Gourmet Hawaiian Chocolate Gift Boxes for All Your Loved Ones.

8 draft beers on tap!

194 Kilauea Ave, Hilo www.lucystaqueria.com (808) 315-8246 Sun, Mon, Wed, & Thur 10:30am-9pm Fri & Sat. 10:30am-10pm

Lunch • Dinner • Tacos • Burritos • Margaritas

160 Kilauea Ave. (near Mamo) 319-6158 hicrownhilo @hawaiiancrownhilo

Hawai‘i Island Farmers Markets East

West

North

Saturday 8am–noon * Keauhou Farmers Market, Keauhou Shopping Center, Keauhou.

Saturday 7:30am–10am Waikoloa Village Farmers Market, 68-3625 Paniolo Ave., Waikoloa Community Church parking lot across from Waikoloa Elementary School.

Saturday 9am–noon Holualoa Gardens Farmers Market 76-5901 Mamalahoa Hwy, Holualoa Sunday 9am–2pm South Kona Green Market Captain Cook, Amy Greenwell Ethnobotanical Garden

Wednesday 9am–2pm Ho‘oulu Community Farmers Market, Sheraton Kona Resort at Keauhou Bay Wednesday 2pm-Dark Kona Sunset Farmers Market In front of K-Mart, Makalapua Center Wednesday–Sunday 7am–4pm Kona Village Farmers Market, corner of Ali‘i Drive and Hualālai Rd.

Saturday 8am–1pm Waimea Town Market at Parker School, 65-1224 Lindsey Rd., Waimea/Kamuela.

Saturday 7am–noon Waimea Hawaiian Homestead Farmers Market, 67-1229 Mamalahoa Hwy at Lindsey Rd, Waimea. Behind the post office across from Kahilu Theatre.

Fresh locally grown produce, flowers, plants and value added food items, and crafts.

Saturday 7am–noon Waimea Nui Farmers Market 64-756 Mamalahoa Hwy (Hwy 11), Waimea Fresh produce, ono food, live entertainment, family friendly Tuesday and Friday 2–5pm Kekela Farms Organic Farmers Market, 64-604 Mana Rd., Waimea. 100% organic.

Wednesday 9am–4pm Waimea Mid-Week Farmer’s Market at Pukalani Stables, site of the Paniolo Museum.

Pukalani Road in Waimea

Sunday 9am–2pm * Hamakua Harvest Farmers Market, Honoka‘a Hwy 19 and Mamane St. Quality farm products, live music, educational workshops, covered eating area.

Sunday 9am–1pm Laupāhoehoe Farmers Market.

Next to the Minit Stop on Hwy 19. Local products.

Daily 8am–5pm Pana‘ewa Hawaiian Home Lands Farmers Market, Puainako and Ohuohu Streets

by Walmart, Hilo.

Sunday, Monday, Tuesday and Thursday 7am–4pm Hilo Farmers Market, corner of Mamo and Kamehameha Ave., downtown Hilo. 30 vendors.

Wednesday and Saturday 6am–4pm * Hilo Farmers Market, corner of Mamo and Kamehameha Ave., downtown Hilo. 200 vendors.

Saturday 7am–noon * Kino‘ole Farmers Market.

Kino‘ole Shopping Plaza, 1990 Kino‘ole St., Hilo, Sunday 7am–2pm Pāhoa Village Farmers Market, Luquin’s/Akebono Theater parking lot in Pāhoa.

Sunday 6am–2pm * Maku‘u Farmers Market, Kea‘au-Pāhoa bypass road.

Daily 7am–5pm Kea‘au Village Market, 16-6550 Old Volcano Rd., Kea‘au Wednesday Evenings 5–9pm Farmers Market Kalapana end of Kalapana-Kopoho Rd, (Rte 137), next to Kalapana Village Cafe. Local grown produce, ono grinds and live music.

Saturday 7:30am–4pm Keaukaha Pana‘ewa Farmers Market. Railroad Avenue, across from Home Depot, Hilo.

Homegrown produce offered by Hawaiian Homelands lessees.

Saturday 8am–noon * Outer SPACE Ho‘olaulea at Uncle Roberts Awa Club, Kalapana Saturday 8am–1pm * Hilo Coffee Mill, 17-995 Volcano Rd., Mountain View (on Hwy. 11 between mile markers 12 and 13).

South

Sunday 6:30am–10am * Volcano Farmers Market, Cooper Center, 1000 Wright Rd., Volcano Village.

Saturday and Wednesday 8am–2pm Na‘ālehu Farmers Market, Ace Hardware lawn.

* EBT accepted: KohalaCenter.org/ebt/markets.html Please send info on new markets or changes to sharon@keolamagazine.com

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

Wednesday 8:30am–1pm Kings’ Shops Farmers Market Waikoloa Beach Resort Kohala Coast

Saturday and Tuesday 8am–2pm, Saturdays * Hawi Farmers Market, North Kohala, across from Post Office and Nakahara Store under the banyans.

Saturday 7:30am–2pm Honoka‘a Farmers Market, Mamane St., Honoka‘a, Honoka‘a Trading Co., Old Botelho Bldg.

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KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

Yacón

| By Sonia R. Martinez

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water or sprinkling them with lemon or lime juice after peeling or cutting them prevents this from occurring.

Yacón can be stir-fried, roasted, baked on their own, or baked in pies. Tea can be made from the leaves, and it is believed it can reduce blood sugar by increasing the amount of insulin in the blood stream.

A popular mixed fruit salad in South America is called salpicón, a mixture of fruit and yacón, which adds a crunchy texture to the mix. To make salpicón, just peel and chop yacón, diced strawberries, diced banana, add a few blueberries for good measure, the pulp and juice of passionfruit, mandarin juice, and the juice and zest of lemons or limes; mix carefully and add mint sprigs to garnish. I decided to up the challenge and gave my salpicón a little twist.

The bananas, strawberries, and blueberries are all island grown; the lilikoi‘i butter and lemon-lime jelly are locally made.

Salpicón Tarts

2 Puff Pastry sheets (1 package) 1 jar Liliko‘i curd or butter Lemon-lime jelly (or any citrus marmalade) 1–2 Yacón, depending on size 4–5 Apple Bananas 10–12 Strawberries 1/2 C Blueberries Cut the puff pastry sheets in fourths. With a sharp bladed knife, lightly trace a square about a half-inch inside the edges (don’t cut all the way through the pastry). Bake on a cookie sheet until golden and puffy. Set aside. Don’t fill with the curd or butter until ready to serve so they don’t become soggy. If you don’t make your own, you can find lilikoi‘i curd or butter in local stores.

Peel the yacón and bananas and drop in a bowl of acidulated water. Wash, hull, and slice the strawberries. Wash the blueberries. Slice or cube the yacón and bananas in thin slices and brush with the citrus jelly or marmalade.

Lift the flap formed in the middle of the baked puff pastry squares, add a spoonful of the lilikoi‘i curd or butter, then add the already sliced or cubed yacón and the rest of the fruit. Top with a small swirl of the citrus jelly or marmalade and garnish with a mint sprig.

Serves 8.

Roasted Beet, Yacón, and Toasted Pecan Salad

For Thanksgiving I served a salad of sliced raw yacón, roasted and sliced beets, toasted pecans, O‘ahu grown watercress, and locally grown lettuce dressed with a locally made Honey Wine Vinegar to which I had added a vanilla bean. Delicious!

Contact writer Sonia R. Martinez: SoniaTastesHawaii.com

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

he yacón (Smallanthus sonchifolius), a tuberous root that grows similar to jicama, is distantly related to the Jerusalem artichoke and a member of the sunflower family. It is a species of herbaceous perennial daisy originally found in the South American Andes where it has been cultivated for more than a millennium. It started making an appearance in Hawai‘i about 10 years or so ago, and as more farmers have started planting this delicious tuber, it is becoming available in some of our farmers’ markets.

Yacón (pronounced yah-kon) looks a bit like a potato or sweet potato. It can be eaten raw as it is very crisp, sweet tasting and juicy—more like a nice crisp green apple. There are several farmers on our island now growing this delectable root, and it is usually available in the late fall through the winter months.

Although in its native habitat yacón tubers can have white, yellow, orange, red, pink, or even purple flesh, only the white varieties are available in the mainland states, and in Hawai‘i, I have only seen the white-fleshed ones.

The tubers are easy to grow, high yielding, easily harvested and stored, lasting weeks if not a couple of months, developing a juicier, sweeter taste as they age and are considered a nutrientdense food source.

Both the tubers and leaves contain high levels of antioxidants and inulin, a form of sugar humans cannot easily breakdown, which contributes to its low caloric content, promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria, and inhibits toxic bacteria while being digested. It is an ideal food for diabetics and a healthy addition to anyone’s diet.

Noted for its high fiber and low caloric content, it can be eaten out of hand, used raw in salads, or used in recipes as you would an apple. The leaves are large and can be used the same way as cabbage, banana, or grape leaves to wrap foods during cooking.

All varieties of yacón have that crunchy texture and water content so high that tubers can be crushed to make juice, much as you would extract sugar cane juice. If it is dehydrated, it can be ground into powder. In the health food industry, yacón is being grown and harvested, made into syrup or powder and marketed as a natural and healthier sweetener.

When peeled and exposed to air, the flesh starts browning much as a potato or an apple does. Dropping them in acidulated

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Glow Hawai‘i—Waikoloa

| Megan Moseley

I

t’s been more than 10 years since Ōlelo pa‘a Faith Ogawa, one of the most sought after private chefs in Hawai‘i, started Glow Hawai‘i.

Known for her signature Glow Tea, this Glow Hawai‘i product first premiered at the Alice Moon Chinese New Year Event in Hilo where it was well received. Ōlelo says Glow Tea is popular because it will give you what is “purposeful” and “right.”

Glow Tea is blended with lemon grass, peppermint leaf, chamomile flowers, alfalfa leaf, and lemon peel that came to Ōlelo in meditation.

“It came out of inspiration. A voice said to, ‘make it happen and give birth to this special tea.’ I also plan to produce more tea blends in the future. All these herbs in the tea have a purpose, and it is good for our health. I hope one day that more people will drink tea instead of soft drinks that do not serve us,” she says.

Serving Glow Tea was so popular with her clients she began to package it, and now you can find Glow Tea, Glow Salt, and Glow Honey at the Hilo and Kona Island Natural Foods stores, Waimea Healthways, Glow Hawai‘i website, and Café Ono in Volcano.

“People love it!” says Ira Ono, owner of Café Ono. In creating Glow Hawai‘i products, Ōlelo says she is mindful of the life force of food, with respect for what is right, or pono for farmers and fishermen, the abundant land, and ultimately those who partake of her delicious meals and products. Ōlelo describes her business as a labor of love.

“I love working with the food; the food talks to me. I love meeting new people and seeing them enjoy the tea. It is a spiritual experience for me,” she says.

Glow Hawai‘i Ōlelo pa‘a Faith Ogawa PO Box 385669, Waikoloa glow@glowhawaii.com GlowHawaii.com These stories are special features for our advertisers.

If you have a business you would like to have featured, please call 808.327.1711 x1.

Aloha Performing Arts Company Presents January–February 2016

Rodgers and Hammerstein’s

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February 12 to March 13, 2016

Friday and Saturday 7:30 pm, Sunday 2:30 pm Aloha Theatre, Kainaliu•apachawaii.org•808-322-9924

Puna Kamali‘i Flowers—Kea‘au

V

icki Nelson, co-founder of Puna Kamali‘i Flowers, Inc., started her business with her husband in 1998 after searching for employment for her son with developmental disabilities.

After realizing there were limited jobs available for him, Vicki said she saw a void she needed to fill. Now her business has helped more than a hundred individuals throughout the years.

“This company is about helping people with developmental disabilities find work,” Vicki says.

Currently there are about 37 people working at the company, and about half of her employees are people with developmental disabilities.

On the company’s website, numerous testimonials pay homage to their employer describing how the work they perform may be challenging at times, yet it has instilled within them a sense of self-worth and independence.

One employee, Orren Flores, even refers to his job as a “second home.” “It is a lot of fun to work here, and I hope to work here for a long time,” he writes.

Vicki believes that it’s important for people with developmental disabilities to find gainful employment because like everyone else, work gives them a sense of accomplishment, pride, and joy.

Located in Kea‘au on the eastside of the island, Puna Kamali‘i Flowers, Inc. offers a wide range of services, including tropical flower sales and specialized tours.

| Megan Moseley

They act as a vocational training center, provider of services, and employment center and offer retail or wholesale floral gift boxes, tropical cut flowers, tropical plants, lei, tropical foliage, and more.

One of their diversified services is confidential document shredding for businesses.

Vicki said they’re always looking to grow and expand their opportunities and business partnerships on the island.

Puna Kamali‘i Flowers, Inc also accepts donations.

Puna Kamali‘i Flowers, Inc. 16-211 Kalara St., Kea‘au 808.982.8322 FlowersFromHawaii.biz

Be Proactive, Not Reactive!

Contact Us Today!

808.933.3000

PacificIslandInsurance.com Full Service Agency

January–February 2016

Are You Overpaying For Business Insurance?

When was the last time you had your policies reviewed?

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Hawai‘i Island Happenings Wondering what’s happening around Hawai‘i Island?

Visit these businesses and organizations websites for the most up-to-date event calendars.

Konaweb

KonaWeb.com shirley@konaweb.com Shirley Stoffer, 808.345.2627

Hawai‘i The Big Island

BigIsland.org calendar@bigisland.org Sherry Bracken, 808.334.1521

InBigIsland

InBigIsland.com tony@inbigisland.com 808.333.6936

Quick Eventz

QuickEventz.com info@quikeventz.com

Akebono Theater–Pāhoa

Facebook.com/AkebonoTheater 808.965.9990

Aloha Theatre–Kainaliu Aloha Performing Arts Company

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

ApacHawaii.org info@apachawaii.org 808.322.9924

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Amy B.H. Greenwell Ethnobotanical Garden

BishopMuseum.org/greenwell pvandyke@bishopmuseum.org Peter Van Dyke, 808.323.3318

Basically Books

BasicallyBooks.com bbinfo@hawaiiantel.net 808.961.0144

Donkey Mill Art Center

DonkeyMillArtCenter.org 808.322.3362

Downtown Hilo Improvement Association DowntownHilo.com 808.935.8850

Food Hub Kohala

FoodHubKohala.org karla@andreadean.com Karla Heath, 808.224.1404

Friends of NELHA

FriendsOfNelha.org 808.329.8073

Hawai‘i Homegrown Food Network

‘Imiloa Astronomy Center of Hawai‘i

Hawaii Museum of Contemporary Art/ EHCC

Kahilu Theatre–Waimea

HawaiiHomeGrown.net editor@hawaiihomegrown.net

EHCC.org arts@ehcc.org 808.961.5711

Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park Volcano Art Center VolcanoArtCenter.org julie@volcanoartcenter.org Julie Callahan, 808.967.8222

Holualoa Village Association HolualoaHawaii.com

ImiloaHawaii.org vrecinto@imiloahawaii.org 808.969.9703 KahiluTheatre.org 808.885.6868

Kailua Village Business Improvement District HistoricKailuaVillage.com kailuavillage@gmail.com 808.326.7820

Kalani Oceanside Retreat Kalani.com 808.965.0468

Honoka‘a People’s Theatre

KAMA Hawaii Keiki Guide

Hulihe‘e Palace

Kona Historical Society

HonokaaPeople.com hpt@honokaapeople.com 808.775.0000

DaughtersOfHawaii.org info@daughtersofhawaii.org 808.329.1877

KamaHawaii.com KAMAHawaii@hawaii.rr.com 808.987.3302 KonaHistorical.org khs@konahistorical.org 808.323.3222

Hawai‘i Island Happenings Wondering what’s happening around Hawai‘i Island?

Visit these businesses and organizations websites for the most up-to-date event calendars.

Kona Choral Society

Palace Theatre–Hilo

KonaChoralSociety.org 808.334.9880

HiloPalace.com info@hilopalace.com 808.934.7010

Kona Stories Bookstore

Society for Kona’s Education & Art (SKEA)

KonaStories.com ks@konastories.com 808.324.0350

Skea.org 808.328.9392

Lyman Museum

UH Hilo Performing Arts Center

LymanMuseum.org ebenton@lymanmuseum.org Emily Benton, 808.935.5021

ArtsCenter.uhh.hawaii.edu artscenter@hawaii.edu 808.974.7310

Nā Wai Iwi Ola (NWIO) Foundation NaWaiIwiOla.org kumukealaching@nawaiiwiola.org Kumu Keala Ching

North Kohala Community Resource Center

Waimea Community Theatre

WaimeaCommunityTheatre.org 808.885.5818

West Hawaii Dance Theatre and Academy Whdt.org vh2dns4@ilhawaii.net Virginia Holte, 808.329.8876

NorthKohala.org info@northkohala.org 808.889.5523

One Island Sustainable Living Center One-Island.org/hawaii hawaii@one-island.org 808.328.2452

Resort and Shopping Center Cultural Events Log onto websites for event calendars

Keauhou Shopping Center KeauhouVillageShops.com 808.322.3000

The Shops at Mauna Lani

ShopsAtMaunaLani.com/events.html 808.885.9501

Kingsʻ Shops–Waikoloa KingsShops.com 808.886.8811

CROSSWORD SOLUTION

Kona Commons Shopping Center KonaCommons.com 808.334.0005

Kona International Marketplace KonaInternationalMarket.com 808.329.6262

Prince Kuhio Plaza

PrinceKuhioPlaza.com/events 808.959.3555

Queens’ MarketPlace–Waikoloa QueensMarketplace.net 808.886.8822

1st Annual DOG WALKATHON Around Liliokalani Park

WORKABLE INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE

FULL CIRCLE SOLUTIONS

We design and implement yurt projects from start to finish.

To Benefit Rainbow Friends Animal Sanctuary

For More Info Call 982-5110 www.rainbowfriends.org

WWW.YURTSOFHAWAII.COM

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

Sunday Feb 14th 8:30 -11:30am Valentine Special Games Contests Kickball

PERMITABLE ECO OPTIONS CUSTOMIZABLE

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To submit volunteer information for your nonprofit, kokua@keolamagazine.com

Community Kōkua

Use provided contacts for information (Listings provided on a space available basis)

Volunteer Opportunities

AdvoCATS

CommUNITY cares

Boys & Girls Club of the Big Island

Donkey Mill Art Center

Methodist Church Palani, Kailua-Kona 3rd Saturday, 10am Trap, neuter, spay, community education, colony feeding, management.

Contact Cathy or Nancy advocatshawaii@aol.org 808.327.3724 AdvocatsHawaii.org Hilo, Kea‘au, Pāhoa, Pāhala Oceanview, Hāmākua Monday–Friday, 2:30–5pm Volunteers needed for after-school youth programs 808.961.5536 Bgcbi.com

Calabash Cousins

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

Hulihe‘e Palace Grounds, Kailua-Kona 2nd Tuesday of the month 1–2:30pm Men and women who support the mission of Daughters of Hawai‘i.

Contact Sabine Andresen ccousinskona@gmail.com 808.329.9555 CalabashCousinsHawaii.com

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Kailua-Kona Monday–Friday, 9am–5pm Saturday, 9am–2pm Community suffering from cancer, medical hair loss, domestic abuse.

Contact Tiana Steinberg communitycareshawaii@gmail.com 808.326.2866 Holualoa Holualoa Foundation for Arts and Culture Tuesday–Saturday, 10am–4pm Volunteers help in arts education program.

Contact Anne Catlin donkeymill@gmail.com 808.322.3362 DonkeyMillArtCenter.org

Hawaii Museum of Contemporary Art (aka East Hawaii Cultural Council)

Hilo Monday–Friday, 8am–3pm Volunteer in the art galleries, performing arts, classes, workshops, festivals. exec@ehcc.org 808.961.5711 Ehcc.org

Friends of NELHA

Hawai‘i Wildlife Fund

Hamakua Youth Foundation, Inc.

Hospice Care

Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawai‘i Keahole Kona Monday–Friday, 9am–noon Share Ocean Science/Technology using deep ocean water.

808.329.8073 EnergyFutureHawaii.org

Wai‘ōhinu Coastline, Ka‘ū SE Hawai‘i Island beach cleanups.

Ongoing 7:45am Contact Megan Lamson meg.hwf@gmail.com 808.769-7629 WildHawaii.org

Hamakua Youth Center, Honoka‘a Daily, Mon. Tue. Fri. 2–5:30pm Wed. 1–5:30pm, Thu. 2–8pm Serving Hamakuaʻs school-age kids.

Contact T. Mahealani Maiku‘i HamakuaYouthCenter@gmail.com 808.775.0976 HamakuaYouthCenter.wordpress.com

North Hawai‘i Hospice, Waimea Monday–Friday, 8am–4:30pm Care for families facing serious illness.

Contact Catrinka Holland volunteer.coordinator@northhawaiihospice.org 808.885.7547 NorthHawaiiHospice.org

Hawai‘i Island Humane Society

Serving Laupāhoehoe to South Point Ongoing Seeking volunteers to provide staff support and care to patients and families.

Contact Jeanette Mochida jeanettem@hospiceofhilo.org 808.969.1733 HospiceOfHilo.org

Kona Shelter, Kailua-Kona Monday–Saturday, 9am–5pm Need volunteers 16 or older, parent/child team 6 or older.

Contact Bebe Ackerman volunteer@hihs.org 808.217.0154 Hihs.org

Hospice of Hilo, East Hawai‘i

To submit volunteer information for your nonprofit, kokua@keolamagazine.com

Community Kōkua

Use provided contacts for information (Listings provided on a space available basis)

Volunteer Opportunities

‘Imiloa Astronomy Center of Hawai‘i

Hilo Tuesday-Sunday 9am–5pm Assist with tours, shows, education programs and membership.

Contact Roxanne Ching rching@imiloahawaii.org 808.969.9704 imiloahawaii.org

Kahalu‘u Bay Education Center

Kahalu‘u Beach, Kailua-Kona Daily 9:30am–4:30pm ReefTeach Volunteers educate visitors on reef etiquette and protection.

Contact Rachel Silverman rsilverman@kohalacenter.org 808.887.6411 KahaluuBay.org

Kalani Retreat Center

Kalapana Varied Schedules Seeking volunteers: skilled trades/ maintenance, housekeeping, kitchen, horticulture.

Contact Volunteer Office volunteer@kalani.com 808.965.7828 Kalani.com/volunteer

Kohala Animal Relocation & Education Service (KARES)

Kamuela/Kona Shopping Area Saturdays and/or Sundays, 11am–4pm Volunteers needed to assist with pet adoption events.

Contact: Deborah Cravatta pets@kohalaanimal.org 808.333.6299 KohalaAnimal.org

Kona Choral Society

Kailua-Kona Seeking volunteers for help with box office and ushering at our concerts.

Contact John Week info@KonaChoralSociety.org 808.334.9880 KonaChoralSociety.org

Kona Toastmasters

Kailua-Kona 1st and 3rd Tuesdays, 6pm Lynn Bell contact@konatoastmasters.com 808.989.7494 KonaToastMasters.com

Lions Clubs International

Various Locations, Kailua-Kona 2nd Tuesday, 5:30pm “We Serve” is the motto of Lions Clubs International.

Contact Lani 808.325.1973 lanika@hawaii.rr.com

Make-A-Wish Hawaii

Ongoing Granting wishes for children with life-threatening medical conditions. info@hawaii.wish.org 808.537.3118 Hawaii.Wish.org

North Kohala Community Resource Center

Kohala Welcome Center, Hawi Daily 9am–noon or noon–3pm Greet people to North Kohala with aloha.

Contact Juanita Rivera juanita@northkohala.org 808.889.5523 NorthKohala.org

Paradise Ponies, Carousel of Aloha

Hilo Coffee Mill, Mountain View Ongoing Seeking volunteers to create the Carousel of Aloha Pavilion.

Contact Katherine Patton carouselofaloha@gmail.com 808.315.1093 CarouselOfAloha.org

Parrots in Paradise Sanctuary

Kealakekua Flexible hours Monday–Friday Sanctuary for displaced parrots.

Contact Dorothy Walsh Dorothy@parrotsinparadise.com 808.322.3006 ParrotsInParadise.com

Rainbow Friends Animal Sanctuary

Kurtistown Ongoing Volunteers needed to help care for the animals, repairs and maintenance to the Sanctuary, and help with the office paperwork.

Contact Mary Rose mail@rainbowfriends.org 808.982.5110 RainbowFriends.org

Snorkel Day for People with Disabilities Kahalu‘u Beach Park, Kailua-Kona 3rd Friday, 10am–2pm Volunteers needed.

Contact Stephanie Kovatch snorkelday@deepandbeyond.org 808.326.4400 x 4017 DeepAndBeyond.org

Soroptimist International Kona

Kailua-Kona Monthly Meetings Enriching the lives of women and girls in our community for more than 40 years.

SIKona.org

Sundayʻs Child Foundation

The Pregnancy Center

Kailua-Kona (serves the entire island) Monday–Friday Volunteers needed and appreciated! Free pregnancy testing, ultra sound, and client support.

Contact Matthew Schaetzle, Director tpc@tpckona.com 808.326.2060 TpcKona.com

Therapeutic Horsemanship of Hawaii Kailua-Kona Volunteers are the heart and soul of this program. All levels of expertise needed.

Contact Nancy Bloomfield nannygirl@hawaii.rr.com 808.937.7903 ThhKona.org

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

Kamuela Serving at-risk youth aged 6 to 17 Volunteers needed islandwide.

Contact Lauren Rainier requests@sundayschildfoundation.org 877.375.9191 SundaysChildFoundation.org

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Rainbow Properties Talk Story with an Advertiser | By Meagan Moseley

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

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rincipal Broker of Rainbow Properties, D. Kimiko “Kimi” White says she is passionate about making sure each client receives premium professional service that is always delivered with Aloha.

Born and raised in Hawai‘i, her mission is to reflect traditional kama‘āina values in all aspects of her work.

Kimi started her career on Hawai‘i Island in 1997 and has experience in financing and loan processing, along with title and escrow experience.

In 2004, Kimi co-founded Rainbow Properties with Jay J. Spadinger, a premier real estate educator. The firm has grown throughout the years and currently serves clients island-wide.

Prior to establishing Rainbow Properties, she was a Principal Broker for Centex Homes, where she managed the company’s ocean front Kolea development, a multimillion-dollar project in the island’s Waikoloa Beach Resort area.

Kimi said she started the company 11 years ago to pave her own way professionally.

“I started the company to give me a chance to control my own destiny,” she says.

She’s doing just that and loving every moment of it. “My favorite part of my job is the satisfaction in assisting first-time buyers in acquiring their own home to raise generations of their family,” she says.

Active in the Hawaii Island Realtors association, Kimi served as a board member from 2010-2012 and has been a longstanding member of its Grievance and Professional Standards Committees. Kimi also has an active membership in the Hawaii Information Service (MLS), the Hawaii Island Realtors, the Hawaii Association of Realtors, and the National Association of Realtors.

Kimi also furthered her skills throughout the years by obtaining her Graduate Realtor Institute (GRI) designation, and an Accredited Buyer Representative (ABR) certification.

Additionally, she holds advanced designations of Council of Residential Specialists (CRS), Short Sale and Foreclosure Representative (SFR), and Seller Representative Specialist (SRS).

D. Kimiko White, Rainbow Properties 808.885.1229 RainbowProperties.com These stories are special features for our advertisers. If you have a business you would like to have featured, please call 808.327.1711 x1.

‘Ano‘Ano Care Home Talk Story with an Advertiser

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Call us for a free quote! 808-769-8430

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‘Ano‘Ano Care Home 808.884.5265 AnoanoStaff@gmail.com 54-2489 Kynnersley Rd, Lot C, Kapa‘au AnoanoCareHome.com

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

pening their doors in January 2013, ‘Ano‘ano Care Home has provided a unique approach to long-term care in Hawai‘i.

With an innovative, holistic style where true integration of western and natural remedies combine with lifestyle changes, ‘Ano‘ano Care Home has been enriching the quality and joy of our kūpuna’s lives ever since.

As their motto is “We give back the gift of time,” they strive to capture meaningful moments for their loved ones to share.

The five-bedroom home was designed from the ground up by a registered nurse who specializes in gerontology. The design incorporates care-giving efficiency with residential comfort.

Everything from hand washing sinks in the hallway to wall color is geared towards enhancing healing and well-being. An expansive ocean view coupled with an open design creates a relaxing atmosphere where residents can gather and talk story.

As food is a major part of well being as well as an activity, ‘Ano‘ano Care Home is constantly reviewing and analyzing food preparation and presentation as it relates to the health and happiness of their residents. With their own 2,400 square-foot green house growing herb gardens and fruit trees and a local partner cattle ranch providing grass fed beef, ‘Ano‘ano Care Home produces their own sustainable all natural fresh foods.

Residents can participate in growing and gathering their meal of choice.

Social interactions and activities with group therapy, pet therapy, and outings fulfill a busy schedule for their guests.

Family and friends are also encouraged to visit often.

The staff includes a professionally trained registered nurse consultant, certified nurse aides, an acupuncturist, and a physical therapy assistant with access to a medical director, and occupational and physical therapists.

Apparently their experiment of integrative care seems to be working. Take one visit to their website and see pictures, videos, and testimonials from residents and family members who have experienced this unique care home and you will know why their reputation is so well deserved.

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Kadota Liquors and K’s Drive In

Celebrating a Long Time Advertiser with Ke Ola

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KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

f you’re from Hilo, then you’re well acquainted with two local joints—Kadota Liquors and K’s Drive In. These Hawai‘i Island businesses are third-generation owned and operated and have been open for more than 50 years.

“It opened in 1964 by my grandparents, Thomas and Kay Kadota,” says current Kadota’s manager Ryan Kadota.

Since then, the restaurant and liquor store have expanded to include a wide variety of choices for customers.

When the drive-in first started, Ryan said the restaurant had a more limited menu than they have today. Now customers can order everything from Japanese dishes to Filipino grinds to satisfy their taste buds. “Satisfying the customer is what it’s all about,” Ryan says.

“There are certain dishes that people have been ordering for decades in Hilo,” Ryan says of the restaurant’s menu that features local cuisine.

One favorite is the twist cone, which Ryan says resonates with many customers.

“A lot of people come for the twist cone. People who move away and come back, they hop right off the plane and grab a twist cone,” he says.

Along with the restaurant, Kadota Liquors has made a name for itself as the only true liquor store open in Hilo.

“We have the widest selection of fine wines, spirits and liqueurs, an d craft beers on the island. We specialize in having many of those hard-to-find items, especially those called for in holiday cocktails and concoctions,” Ryan explains.

“My favorite part of work is being able to make our customers happy with their purchases,” he says. “I think that the majority of our customers feel we are a little gem in our town.”

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No matter what, they’ll do their best to maintain that reputation.

“We aim to provide our customers with what they want to the best of our ability. If we don’t have it in stock, we try to locate it,” he says.

Ryan believes that Hawai‘i Island could really grow as a foodie destination, and he hopes to grow with it. In the meantime, Ryan and the staff at K’s and Kadota are aiming to please.

Kadota Liquors and Kʻs Drive In 194 Hualalai St, Hilo 96720 808.935.1802 Kadotas.com KsDriveIn.com

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Ka Puana–The Refrain

KeOlaMagazine.com | January–February 2016

Waimea Foothills and Adjacent Plateaus: Post-Discovery

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In Exalted Sits the Chief, Ross Cordy maintains that early recorded postdiscovery history describes the plateau of Waimea as being forested with ‘ōhi‘a lehua (Metrosideros collina). ‘Ala ‘Ōhi‘a (fragrance of ‘ōhi‘a) was the euphonious name given to the district. Reverend Lorenzo Lyons frequently described his home as ‘Ala ‘Ōhi‘a Nei (home of the fragrant ‘ōhi‘a lehua).

Between the overwhelming impact of cattle herds, coupled with drought and the Great Fire of 1918, the district of Waimea is known today more for its rolling hills and plains covered with a variety of grasses and shrubs and a minimum of trees. Not only were the ‘ōhi‘a forests lost, but the koa, koai‘a, māmane, naio, and a host of other trees as well.

The rain forests of the Kohala Mountains also had abundant ‘ōhi‘a lehua trees.

Despite alien species invasion, these stands remain today. Herbs, ferns, and mosses coexist in cooperative harmony, providing luxurious shade in the enduring undergrowth. These tropical jungles offer protection for the proliferation of humus, or pulu, that was significant for its waterand nutrient-retaining ability derived from decomposed vegetation. In exchange for shade, the pulu encircles the base of the tree, conserving additional moisture and nutrition. The early deforestation caused a decrease in rainfall and a reduced flow in streams, including the Waiaka, Kohakōhau, Waikoloa, Lanimaomao, and Keanu‘i‘omanō Streams.

Author Dr. Billy Bergin is a Waimea resident.

This excerpt is from Vol 1 and is used with permission.

Early settlers in the Waimea foothills and plains encountered vast areas covered in the bunchgrass pili in the kula (arid range) and the fuzzy-leafed kākonakona grass in shaded meadows. Shrubbery vegetation included ‘ilima, which was attractive to sheep and goats but not palatable for cattle. ‘Īli‘e‘e, ko‘oko‘olau, ‘u‘ulei, ‘auhuhu, and hi‘aloa were also described as shrubs with medicinal value, but they were minimally palatable to cattle even during dire drought conditions. Later, the prickly leafed puakala emerged, and it continues to be a noxious weed in certain areas to this day.

Pili grass was not hardy, given its shallow roots and need for periodic rest. Excessive grazing effectively uprooted the plant. Different varieties of panicum grass, especially kākonakona, were hardier.

Other indigenous grasses found at more than 4,000-foot elevations drew the wild cattle to these mountain slopes. Notable among these are the heu pueo (owl fuzz), pili uka, and kalamālō, which were coarse but somewhat palatable. Pūkiawe (black-eyed Susan) was browsed only in times of drought, but crab grass (kūkae pua‘a), introduced earlier, was found to be succulent in the mountain meadows of Waimea.

In 1835, Bermuda grass, Cyanodon dactylon (mānienie) was introduced to Hawai‘i and was well suited to the lower elevation, drier plains and coastal ranges.

This narrow-leafed perennial spreads both by seed and by sending out rootstocks

that root at the joints along its stems. It is highly palatable, moderately nutritious, and drought resistant. Bermuda grass creates dense sod, which is highly effective in curbing the erosion of lighter coastal soils.

In 1840, Hilo grass (Paspalum conjugatum) came to the Islands. The town of Hilo has the dubious honor of being its first home. This hardy but relatively unpalatable grass covered the lower mid-elevation and wetter meadows of the ranch, especially on the windward side. Like mānienie, this grass spreads by means of seeds and runners sometimes extending for several yards, then rooting and sending out shoots from the nodes. While the rank Hilo grass possesses minimal nutritional value, it provided marginal feed for mature cattle, affording reproductive rates of moderate satisfaction. But breeding cattle could never fatten on Hilo grass, which was a well-known advantage of mānienie.

Mānienie avoided the shaded base of the forest trees-even that of kiawe (algaroba or mesquite). Hilo grass in turn invaded the undergrowth of the mountain forests of native trees, ferns, and other delicate plants. The aggressive destruction of forest ground cover by Hilo grass coupled with the herds of wild cattle, fire, and drought actually contributed to the breakdown of the ecosystem and supplied only minimal nutritional value.

The three volumes of Loyal to the Land are available from Basically Books, Kona Stories and other local bookstores.

Contact author Dr. Billy Bergin: dr.billybergin@gmail.com

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