Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan 2020-2022 For a sustainable and resilient 20-minute neighbourhood pilot project
TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary
1
1. Vision and Goals
2
2. Background
6
2.1. Brimbank Social Scorecard
6
2.2. Brimbank Neighbourhood
8
2.3. Neighbourhood Economy
14
3. Community Engagement
16
3.1. 20-Minute Neighbourhoods Pilot Program
16
3.2. Engagement Strategy
18
3.3. Place-based planning
20
4. Action Plans
22
5. Monitoring and Evaluation Plan
24
6. Strategic Alignments
26
References
27
Target Audience This document is a policy brief aims to provide background information for participating community members, partnership stakeholders, council members, as well as external public and private bodies about the Council initiative on a future Neighbourhood Economy Strategy. Note that selected case studies showcase in this report do not form part of the policy.
Cover: The Home Grow-in Grocer [Vancouver] Photo Credit: Yelp. Inside Cover: The Community Grocer Pop-Up Market. Photo Credit: Andy Rogers (Source: Sampson, 2016) Š 2019 Tak Keong Yang. This document is a submission for the University of Melbourne subject assessment ABPL90131 Strategic Plan Making. Assessable word count: 3,352 words
Disclaimer This report is a student work in conjunction with academic assessment purposes and is not an actual Council policy document or represent Council’s position on the issue raised. While care has been taken to ensure the content in the report is accurate, we cannot guarantee is without flaw of any kind. There may be errors and omissions or it may not be wholly appropriate for your particular purposes. In addition, the publication is a snapshot in time based on historic information which is liable to change. The City of Brimbank accepts no responsibility and disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information contained in this report.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Plan Melbourne 2017-2050 has adopted a 20-minute neighbourhood strategy to create a more liveable neighbourhood where residents can meet their daily needs within an 800m form home. Apart from the current approach in facilitating urban infill development closer and around the public transport nodes and activity centres, this strategic document will look into activating the neighbourhood economy to enable the sprawling neighbourhood to thrive. This report finds that rigid land zone, low density, poor social-economic status, inadequate services in local activity centres, and low priority for development have made Brimbank residential neighbourhood not walkable, car-dependent, and unlikely to achieve a 20-minute neighbourhood if intervention is not in place. In line with the Council Community Vision 2040 and other policies, this Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan will facilitate an investigation into identify opportunities, remove barriers and mobilise enablers to activate the neighbourhood economy. Actions and monitoring framework are identified and aligned with a whole-of-government measures. The council will take an effective place-based planning and partnership approach to engage the community to co-design a new Neighbourhood Economy Strategy by 2022. Achieving this strategic vision, people of Brimbank will be able to live locally in a sustainable, inclusive, resilient, innovative and vibrant 20-minute neighbourhood.
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1. VISION AND GOALS Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan is a pilot project complementary to realising a ‘20-minute neighbourhood’ — where all residents will have access to local economic activities within 800 metres from home. This strategy will also achieve Brimbank Community Vision 2040 for a liveable, inclusive and prosperous community. Brimbank submission on the Plan Melbourne Refresh Discussion Paper (2015) supported the 20-minute neighbourhood concept while also calling for a “policy to support activities that promote the creation of vibrant and active places that attract the ‘right’ mix of local businesses and services beyond planning and urban design activities.” In the same submission, concern also raised about the negative consequences on the rigid planning codes resulted in “the removal of community involvement; loss of local expertise and knowledge as part of the planning process.”
20-Minute Neighbourhood: Creating a More Liveable Melbourne (State of Victoria, 2019) recognises that there is no one-plan-fit-all approach in planning for a neighbourhood activity centre, therefore a place-based approach is endorsed. One of a successful catalyst experiment — Sunshine West 20-minute Neighbourhood Pilot Program received community recommendation to “encourage ‘pop up’ shops and street trading to support a thriving local economy.” Therefore, this strategic plan will extend the placebased approach for the local economy to further the Plan Melbourne 20-minute neighbourhood policy outcomes and objectives in the existing neighbourhood context. The strategic goals are to identify opportunities, remove barriers and mobilise enablers to activate the neighbourhood economy in existing neighbourhood estates. Subsequently, this pilot project targets to develop a new Neighbourhood Economy Strategy for broader Brimbank by 2022.
Alignment with higher level strategic principles and visions Plan Melbourne 2017-2050
Brimbank Community Vision 2040
Resilient Brimbank Vision
Principle 4 Environmental resilience and sustainability
By 2040, the Brimbank community will be healthy and safe and we will be united through a sense of belonging and pride. Our city will be inclusive, resilient, innovative and vibrant and our people will share equally in the City’s prosperity and opportunity. The environment will be protected and enhanced and Brimbank’s diverse neighbourhoods and housing will offer something for everyone.
In Resilient Brimbank, our growing and diverse community is inclusive, connected and is known for its strength and willingness to share with each other.
Principle 5 Living locally — 20-minute neighbourhoods Principle 6 Social and economic participation Principle 7 Strong and healthy communities Principle 8 Infrastructure investment that supports balanced city growth Principle 9 Leadership and partnership
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A Dynamic Economy Build capacity and strengthen Brimbank’s economy and competitiveness to increase social and economic participation as Brimbank transitions to a low carbon and sustainable future.
Strategic Vision Brimbank has a thriving neighbourhood economy that people can live locally in a sustainable, inclusive, resilient, innovative and vibrant 20-minute neighbourhood
Strategic Goals To identify opportunities, remove barriers, mobilise enablers for activating a thriving neighbourhood economy
Timelines Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan adopted by council
Pilot Project Investigation/ Engagement Planning
Community Engagement Pilot Program in Sydenham
Drafting a new Neighbourhood Economy Strategy
Draft Strategy Broader Community Consultation
Final Neighbourhood Economy Strategy to be adopted by Council
STEP 1 INVESTIGATE
STEP 2 ENGAGE
STEP 3 CO-DESIGN
STEP 4 CONSULT
STEP 5 ACT
Identify 3 locations and formats of engagement program
Engagement program will be conducted over 3 months to connect with local communities to gather ideas and concerns
Analyze and synthesize collected ideas and concerns/ run a co-design workshop to draft a targeted neighbourhood economy strategy
Presenting the draft strategy to the broader Brimbank community in various engagement program
Next step: implement the new Neighbourhood Economy Strategy to broader Brimbank neighbourhood
Feb 2020
Sep - Dec 2020
Feb 2021
Jun-Oct 2021
Feb 2022
Jan 2020
Brimbank’s Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan 2020-2022 | 3
Figure 1: The ‘hallmarks’ of 20-minute neighbourhood (State of Victoria, 2019)
Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan will be implementing these 20-minute neighbourhood features: • Local shopping centres • Local employment opportunities • Lifelong learning opportunities • Walkability • Ability to age in place • Safe streets and spaces • Community gardens.
20-minute neighbourhood Plan Melbourne 2017-2050 adopted the 20-minute neighbourhood concept, a ‘hallmarks’ (figure 1) developed by the Heart Foundation (Victoria) and Department of Health and Human Services, through a whole-of-government involvement. The 20-minute neighbourhood emphasises ‘living locally’, where residents will be able to fulfill their daily needs within a 20-minute walk, cycle or a public transport ride from their home. Melbourne daily greenhouse gas emissions could be reduced by over 370,000 tonnes if all Melbourne is a collection of 20-minute neighbourhoods that need for travel may cut by nine million passenger-kilometres. (Kelly et al., 2012) The ‘hallmarks’ summerises that a 20-minute neighbourhood must: • be safe, accessible and well connected for pedestrians and cyclists to optimise active transport; • offer high-quality public realm and open space; • provide services and destinations that support local living; • facilitate access to quality public transport that connects people to jobs and higher-order services; • deliver housing/population at densities that make local services and transport viable; and • facilitate thriving local economies.
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Photos 1: The Community Grocer at the market in Carlton (left). Georgia Savage, co-founder/ Director of The Community Grocer (Right). (Source: Sampson, 2016; The Community Grocer, 2019) Photo Credit: Andy Rogers
Case Study: The Community Grocer The Community Grocer is a not-for-profit social enterprise that brings fresh produce at an affordable price to the disadvantaged in the highly gentrified areas in Melbourne since 2014 (The Community Grocer, 2019). Their vision is to create a community-led sustainable fresh food access model, which emphasising on dignity and nutrition rather than welfare hand out. The pilot program was first started in Carlton near the public housing on Lygon Street described as a fresh food desert. The success of this first market won a City of Melbourne Social Enterprise Grant and still operating now, and approached by various councils and NGOs to form a partnership, and continued to expand to Fawkner, Mernda, Fitzroy, Wyndham, Flemington, Pakenham and Heidelberg West. The model has a mixed success rate with five markets still running today. The weekly pop-up market forms more than a simple business but also a place to connect with the local community, who are encouraged to join the space to sell their home-made merchants.
What do we learn? This type of small scale pop-up market could bring fresh produce to the ‘fresh food desert’ neighbourhood, which is constrained by poor public transport and inefficient local activity centre. A collective of neighbourhood street communities could copy the model and set up as a home-based business too.
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2. BACKGROUND 2.1. Brimbank Social Scorecard The Brimbank community is diverse and multicultural. In some areas, residents’ income is fairly low. While Brimbank has historically been an affordable place to rent or buy, living in Brimbank is becoming more expensive as Metropolitan Melbourne continues to gentrify. Resilient Brimbank Framework 2018 highlights statistical information about Brimbank social context in figure 2 below.
Environments for health approach
Key challenges including poor health index, a higher percentage of Type 2 diabetes, obesity, gambling losses, developmentally vulnerable children. These challenges increase the community’s vulnerability to shocks and stresses, especially in the areas where social and economic disadvantaged prevails. SEIFA index of relative socio-economic advantage and disadvantage indicates that Brimbank residents in many areas are comparatively worse off (map 1; bright red). Relatively higher unemployment, lower income, lower educational attainment and jobs in low skill level have engendered housing stress for mortgage lenders and renters too.
Priority 2: Mental health
Brimbank Community Vision 2040 has integrated the Municipal Public Health and Wellbeing Plan, required by the Public Health and Wellbeing Act 2008. There are five key health and wellbeing priorities identified following the Brimbank Health and Wellbeing Status Report 2017: Priority 1: Preventing crime, violence and injury
Priority 3: Healthy eating and active living Priority 4: Sexual and reproductive health Priority 5: Early years The council has adopted environments for health approach to achieve the health and wellbeing priorities because the social, economic, physical and natural environment domains in which people live have a significant impact on their health and wellbeing. A walkable neighbourhood with a thriving local economy will deliver this priority.
Figure 2: City of Brimbank Social Index Overview, excerpts from the report. (Source: Resilient Brimbank Framework, 2018)
44.9%
58%
58.9%
22.1%
19%
Brimbank’s population is
Average household size is 2.95 people in
Brimbank is one of the most socially and culturally diverse municipalities in Australia
of residents are aged between 18-59 years
205,741 people
and expected to continue to increase, especially those aged under 19 years
of Brimbank residents were born overseas
of residents are aged under 18 years
69,275 dwellings
6 | Brimbank’s Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan 2020-2022
people of Brimbank speak a language other than English at home
of residents are aged 60+ years
160
languages are spoken in Brimbank. The top 10 languages other than English are: Vietnamese, Punjabi, Filipino/ Tagalog, Greek, Maltese, Italian, Macedonian, Arabic, Cantonese and Croatian
Map 1:
City of Brimbank, Index of Relative Socio-economic Advantage and Disadvantage, 2016 (Map generated from AURIN)
SEIFA INDEX OF
RELATIVE SOCIO-ECONOMIC ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE
CALDER PARK
URBAN GROWTH BOUNDARY
KEILOR NORTH
HUME CITY
SYDENHAM TAYLORS LAKE KEILOR
MORELAND CITY
TULLAMARINE
KEILOR PARK KEILOR DOWN
DELAHEY
KINGS PARK
MELTON CITY
KEALBA ST ALBANS
MOONEE VALLEY CITY
CAIRNLEA
SUNSHINE NORTH
DEER PARK
SUNSHINE ARDEER DERRIMUT
MARIBYRNONG CITY
SUNSHINE WEST
BROOKLYN
WYNDHAM CITY
HOBSONS BAY CITY
LEGEND
0
2km
4km
2016 SEIFA Index of Relative Socio-economic Advantage and Disadvantage 756 - 859 (75) 859 - 907 (144) 907 - 957 (75) 957 - 1,007 (76) 1,007 - 1,087 (61)
Brimbank’s Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan 2020-2022 | 7
Map 3:
Sydenham Planning Zones (Data source: Brimbank Planning Scheme, 2019; Map credit: Yang, TK.; Image credit: Nearmap)
SYDENHAM PLANNING ZONES HILLSIDE
SYDENHAM TAYLORS LAKE
0
500
1,000
Meters
2.2. Brimbank Neighbourhood The suburbanization of Australian cities in the past decades, with the lack of effective governance, resulted in a highly segregated neighbourhood has limited the effective provisions of infrastructure (Dodson, 2016). The norm of separating work and home has further worsened by the car-centric development. Brimbank neighbourhoods largely consist of housing estates with minimal access to services and amenities within walking distance. Victorian Planning Scheme zoning provisions for residential are structured to discourage uses other than dwellings purposes. Three of the Residential zoning provisions: Clause 32.07 Residential Growth Zone (RGZ); Clause 32.08 General Residential Zone (GRZ); and Clause 32.09 Neighbourhood Residential Zone (NRZ) have an ambiguous overarching purpose statement — ‘To allow educational, recreational, religious, community and a limited range of other non-residential uses to serve local community needs in appropriate locations.’ Map 2 and Map 3 show that NRZ (yellow), GRZ (pale orange) and RGZ (dark orange) make up the majority of our municipality. 8 | Brimbank’s Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan 2020-2022
Although the zoning provisions allow homebased businesses to run in the residential zone by attaining a permit, conducting small business can be difficult as further restrictions apply under the provisions, i.e., not using dwelling as a store; storing equipment, goods, or motor vehicles must be used in conjunction with the occupation of a resident of a dwelling on the lot, convenience restaurant and takeaway food businesses must adjoin a road zone. When the development was brought about by big capital investors in the commercial zones, smaller businesses are pushed out of the market, especially by the big-box retailers. Additionally, there is a remarkably complicated statutory and financial barrier of entry for small and home businesses. Consequently, neighbourhood economy becomes obsolete in the Brimbank neighbourhood context. Because Northern Brimbank, especially around Sydenham District, is severely restricted by this spatial pattern to make walking a feasible option to get about with daily need, this pilot project has selected Sydenham as the study area.
Map 2:
Brimbank Planning Zones (Data source: Brimbank Planning Scheme, 2019; Map credit: Yang, TK.)
BRIMBANK PLANNING ZONES CALDER PARK
URBAN GROWTH BOUNDARY
KEILOR NORTH
HUME CITY
SYDENHAM TAYLORS LAKE KEILOR
MORELAND CITY
TULLAMARINE
KEILOR PARK KEILOR DOWN
DELAHEY
KINGS PARK
MELTON CITY
KEALBA ST ALBANS
MOONEE VALLEY CITY
CAIRNLEA
SUNSHINE NORTH
DEER PARK
SUNSHINE ARDEER DERRIMUT
MARIBYRNONG CITY
SUNSHINE WEST
BROOKLYN
LEGEND
WYNDHAM CITY
HOBSONS BAY CITY
HOME AND WORK NRZ - Neighbourhood Residential Zone GRZ - General Residential Zone RGZ - Residential Growth Zone C2Z - Commercial 2 Zone C1Z - Commercial 1 Zone MUZ - Mixed Use Zone CDZ - Comprehensive Development Zone ACZ - Activity Centre Zone IN1Z - Industrial 1 Zone IN2Z - Industrial 2 Zone IN3Z - Industrial 3 Zone
0
2km
4km
PUBLIC AMENITIES PUZ7 - Public Use Zone - Other Public Use PUZ6 - Public Use Zone - Local Government PUZ5 - Public Use Zone - Cemetery / Crematorium PUZ4 - Public Use Zone - Transport PUZ3 - Public Use Zone - Health and Community PUZ2 - Public Use Zone - Education PUZ1 - Public Use Zone - Service and Utility RDZ1 - Road Zone - Category 1 RDZ2 - Road Zone - Category 2
ENVIRONMENTAL UFZ - Urban Floodway Zone RCZ - Rural Conservation Zone GWZ - Green Wedge Zone GWAZ - Green Wedge A Zone SUZ - Special Use Zone PCRZ - Public Conservation and Resource Zone PPRZ - Public Park and Recreation Zone
Brimbank’s Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan 2020-2022 | 9
Figure 3: Dwelling Structure comparison (Source: generated 8 August 2019 using data provided by the Australian Bureau of Statistics)
Dwelling structure
Sydenham
%
Brimbank
%
Greater Melbourne
%
Separate house
2,433
66.3
47,925
81.1
6,041,788
66.1
Semi-detached, row or terrace house, townhouse etc
1,121
30.6
7,691
13.1
1,055,016
22.9
106
2.9
2,732
4.7
1,087,434
10.1
0
0.0
109
0.2
64,425
0.8
(Occupied private dwellings)
Flat or apartment Other dwelling Figure 3 shows that low density detached housing makes up 81.1% of all private dwellings in Brimbank, significantly higher than the Greater Melbourne average of 66.1%. Although Sydenham has a lower proportion of separate houses compared to the Brimbank average, two-third of dwellings are of separate houses. This has ramified the urban sprawl problem by increases the need for travel.
compared to inner suburbs like Fitzroy, Carlton and South Yarra. Map 4 illustrates that the majority of the Brimbank residential areas have a housing density of fewer than 25 dwellings per hectare (shown in series of yellow gradients). Future development in the Brimbank neighbourhoods is expected to be gradual, that growth will be concentrated near the activity centres and public transport nodes.
2016 ABS Census data finds that 69.5% of all workers in Brimbank are traveling by motor vehicles to get to work and that 57.8% of all households in Sydenham own two or more motor vehicles. (Profile id., 2019)
The City of Brimbank is projected an increase of 12,353 residents over 65 of age by 2041 (Forecast id, 2019). A not walkable neighbourhood will impact the quality and ability of the residents to age in place.
Brimbank has a statistically small household size of fewer than 3 people per dwelling. Figure 4 shows the change in population density from 2016 to 2018 in a selection of suburbs in Metropolitan Melbourne. Taylors Lake, Sunshine and Sydenham are not only rank among the lowest in population density but also experiencing slow rate of change
Low housing density has tremendously undermined Brimbank’s capacity to achieve the 20-minute neighbourhood vision. An equitable, productive and sustainable suburb reconstruction will need the government preparedness in contributing to the challenge (Dodson, 2016).
Figure 4: Density (Person per square kilometre) suburbs (SA2) comparison (Source: generated 8 August 2019 using data provided by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2016
25,000
2018
20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000
10 | Brimbank’s Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan 2020-2022
M
el
bo
ur
ne
on rlt Ca
h Y - E arra as t
So ut
tz ro y
gw lin Co l
Fi
oo d
s nd la oc k D
To or ak
de
nh
am
ill H Bo x
ne hi ns Su
Sy
Ta y
lo rs
La ke
0
Map 4:
Brimbank Dwelling Density (Data source: ABS Census, 2016; Map credit: Yang, TK.)
DWELLING DENSITY CALDER PARK
URBAN GROWTH BOUNDARY
KEILOR NORTH
HUME CITY
SYDENHAM TAYLORS LAKE KEILOR
MORELAND CITY
TULLAMARINE
KEILOR PARK KEILOR DOWN
DELAHEY
KINGS PARK
MELTON CITY
KEALBA ST ALBANS
MOONEE VALLEY CITY
CAIRNLEA
SUNSHINE NORTH
DEER PARK
SUNSHINE ARDEER DERRIMUT
MARIBYRNONG CITY
SUNSHINE WEST
BROOKLYN
LEGEND
WYNDHAM CITY
HOUSING DENSITY (DWELLINGS/HACTARE)
HOBSONS BAY CITY 0
2km
4km
1-5 6-10 11-15 16-20 21-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-50 over 50
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800-metre walkable catchments Map 5 and 6 show all the identified activity centres in Brimbank. A 400 metres and 800 metres radial distance around them is indicated with blue circles. 800 metres has been adopted by the Plan Melbourne to measure the spatial accessibility of a walkable neighbourhood. This indicator has not taken the desire to walk, individual ability or other attraction factors for walking into consideration. Research shows that the maximum time people are willing to walk to get their daily needs is 20 minutes (Badland et al., 2014). This 20-minute journey includes a return trip to a destination (a local health facility and service, a school or a shopping centre) and back again. Research also recommends that making a place walkable, the minimum density must be at least 25 dwellings per hectare (Gunn et al., 2018) It is clear that Brimbank’s suburbs are mostly not walkable. The rigid zoning provisions, higher car dependency, and the predominant social Map 5:
vulnerability in the municipality will not likely to attain the positive effects bring forward by a 20-minute neighbourhood if radical change is not in place. Plan Melbourne has directed new development to focus on areas closer to activity centres. Sydenham is relatively close to the Watergardens Shopping Centre, a major activity centre in the area, which higher density development has already been identified around the centre. However, a casual walk deep into the neighbourhood area will find impermeable road layout, poor walking path and infrequent public transport. There are a few smaller privately owned local activity centres, but mainly consist of small convenience shops, take away and fast-food restaurants. Residents reportedly relying on Watergardens Shopping Centre for their daily shopping and grocery needs (Brimbank Activity Centre Strategy, 2018). This pilot project will focus on improving the liveability in hard-to-reach neighbourhood.
Sydenham Activity Centres Walking Catchment and Housing Density (Data source: Brimbank Activity Centre Strategy, 2018 and ABS Census, 2016; Map credit: Yang, TK.)
ACTIVITY CENTRES WALKING CATCHMENT
KEILOR NORTH
HILLSIDE
LEGEND
Melton Highway Shopping Centre
Overton Lea Boulevard
ACTIVITY CENTRE WALKING CATCHMENT Major Activity Centre Local Activity Centre 400m radius 800m radius
SYDENHAM
Watergardens Shopping Centres
Community Hub Shopping Centre
TAYLORS LAKE
HOUSING DENSITY (DWELLINGS/HACTARE) 1-5 6-10 11-15 16-20 21-25 26-30 31-35 36-40 41-50 over 50
0
500
1,000
Meters
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Aqua Gardens
URBAN GROWTH BOUNDARY
Map 6:
Brimbank Activity Centres Walking Catchment (Data source: Brimbank Activity Centre Strategy, 2018; Map credit: Yang, TK.)
ACTIVITY CENTRES WALKING CATCHMENT
CALDER PARK
URBAN GROWTH BOUNDARY
KEILOR NORTH
Sydenham/ Watergardens
SYDENHAM
HUME CITY TAYLORS LAKE KEILOR
MORELAND CITY
TULLAMARINE
KEILOR PARK KEILOR DOWN
DELAHEY
MELTON CITY
KINGS PARK
KEALBA St Albans ST ALBANS
MOONEE VALLEY CITY
Brimbank Central CAIRNLEA
SUNSHINE NORTH
DEER PARK Deer Park
Sunshine SUNSHINE ARDEER DERRIMUT
MARIBYRNONG CITY
SUNSHINE WEST
BROOKLYN
LEGEND
WYNDHAM CITY
ACTIVITY CENTRE WALKING CATCHMENT
HOBSONS BAY CITY 0
2km
4km
Metropolitan Activity Centre Major Activity Centre Neighbourhood Activity Centre Local Activity Centre 400m radius 800m radius Residential Zones
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2.3. Neighbourhood Economy Neighbourhood economy can be defined as a small or home-based business located within a residential estate where economic activities involve mostly residents as workers or customers. Examples include a fresh food market, convenience store, take away or small restaurant, bicycle shed, arts and crafts workshops, food trucks and mobile vendors, etc. The participants in the neighbourhood economy can be in various level of commitment, for instance, a weekend backyard farmer; a full-time mom who is also running a day-care; a high school student who is running a bulk food business in the underutilised garage; a community-run bicycle shed and repair workshop, a retiree micro coffee roaster; or a social enterprise run by people with disability. The ‘hallmarks’ of the 20-minute neighbourhoods include the ‘provision of services and destinations which support local living and facilitating thriving local economies’, but a clear definition for ‘local economies’ is not clarified.
Neighbourhood renewal and planning reform are largely spearheaded by the market forces, which economic growth by housing sector failed to take broader economic impact into account (Ruming & Goodman, 2016). Current zoning practice and neighbourhood character policy become the main barriers to facilitate innovative use of established dwellings in the neighbourhood. Furthermore, factors like home-based business registration, taxation and licenses; home production, micro-factory, mobile business and backyard farming legality; health and environmental law; finance and loan accessibility and competitive disadvantages against big corporations have restricted the grass-root community capability in taking part in neighbourhood economy. Council survey finds that Communities are demanding for a better economic and business prospect (Figure 5). While 20-Minute Neighbourhood Pilot Programs are focusing on implementing neighbourhood activity centres and developing guidelines for new greenfield development, there is also a need to consider retrofitting existing suburbs towards the same goal.
Figure 5: Community consultations highlights regarding employment, business and economic development (Source: Brimbank Health and Wellbeing Status Report 2017)
61% of
survey respondents thought that an ideal community should be one that is a good place to run a business. Just over 30% were satisfied or very satisfied that their local area was conducive for business.
Two-thirds of survey respondents selected jobs and employment as key features of an ideal community. However, only 36% of the respondents said that they were satisfied or very satisfied with employment options in their local area.
Community consultations from the Brimbank Health and Wellbeing Status Report 2017 highlights the following regarding employment, business and economic development (excerpts from the report)
Stakeholders need to do more work with migrant communities to empower them beyond getting a job.
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Stakeholders need to continue the work on Sunshine as a key employment centre but re-distribute the effort to better support other local business centres.
Partners need to continue and expand work with young children as the key for future economic development.
...the need for improved business and community partnerships, and support for social enterprise options for people with disabilities.
Photos 2: Co-founder Jeremy Goss inside the MetroMarket bus (top). Grocery store on wheels bringing food at cost to most disadvantaged food desert in St. Louis (Left). (Source: McColl, 2016) Photo Credit: Marcus Stabenow
Case Study: St. Louis’ MetroMarket Mobile fresh food grocer is not new but very common in the Asian context. The business model the MetroMarket in St. Louis is unique in a way that it offers the same products and merchants to all but at cost for eligible concession holders. The MetroMarket converted a donated bus into a refrigerated full-service grocery store on wheels, bringing fresh food to both corporate campuses and the low-income communities at different pricing to have a balanced ledger to sustain the business. The mobile grocery store is also partnered with the Glennon Children’s Hospital. Hungry children whose fruits and vegetables will be prescribed by doctors if food security was found to be an issue at home. Jeremy Goss, the co-founder of MetroMarket and a medical student believes ‘treating food as a medicine’, that the poor do not have to settle with unhealthy choices. While kids are paying with coupons on the hospital parking lot, medical practitioners can shop aboard at a full price too.
What do we learn? It is a brilliant idea to bring bus-load of fresh food to the neighbourhood fresh food desert, especially beneficial for the communities with disability. A regular food truck night market in a neighbourhood street will bring our suburb to life. Council will have to review the regulatory framework to find ways to incentivise mobile vendors to serve the neighbourhood where infill development is unlikely. Brimbank’s Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan 2020-2022 | 15
3. COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT 3.1. 20-Minute Neighbourhoods Pilot Program The 20-Minute Neighbourhoods Pilot Program is established in 2018 with implementation partners, to foster ideas about how to deliver an inclusive, vibrant and healthy neighbourhoods. This pilot program is a three-step process consists of community partnership, technical assessment and future opportunities (State of Victoria, 2019). Croyden South, Strathmore and Sunshine West are three participating location in this pilot program. The program organises a series of engagement activities aimed to guide the Victorian Government on implementing the 20-minute neighbourhoods, in terms of policy, place and partnership. The findings of the pilot program are as follow: • Place-based Planning is Effective The projects reinforced the importance of integrated planning that recognises the local stakeholder’s unique challenges and needs. • Community partnerships are key to successful neighbourhood planning The partnership approach in the pilot program was recognised as the fundamental factor to the success of the projects. All three participating communities call for a revitalised neighbourhood including improved pedestrian amenity and housing diversity. • Creating 20-minute neighbourhoods is a longterm commitment The success of a 20-minute neighbourhood will need continuous support from all level of the government including guidance, resource and facilitation. • Planning outcomes need to be monitored A better indicators framework to measure liveability should be developed. • Better design — innovative development The projects reignite the need to review current planning provisions to enable innovative approaches in delivering 20-minute neighbourhood beyond market-led development.
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The Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan is aligned with these recommendations identified in the 20-Minute Neighbourhoods Pilot Program (excerpts from the report)
Policy • Recommendation 1: Review the Victoria Planning Provisions to strengthen 20-minute neighbourhood policies • Recommendation 6: Investigate a process to streamline approval of best practice development that delivers a 20-minute neighbourhood — ‘Green light initiative’
Place • Recommendation 7: Scale up the pilot program approach and investigate funding opportunities • Recommendation 9: Support implementation of the Movement and Place framework
Partnerships • Recommendation 11: Promote 20-minute neighbourhoods • Recommendation 12: Encourage councils to take a coordinated place-based approach • Recommendation 13: Support improved whole-of-government coordination of 20-minute neighbourhoods
Photos 3: Brimbank Council listening post, Glengala Road, Sunshine West (top). 20-Minute Neighbourhoods: Creating a more liveable Melbourne report cover (Left). (Source: State of Victoria, 2019) Photo Credit: State of Victoria
Case Study: GlenGALA Day Set out as one of the 20-Minute Neighbourhoods Pilot Programs in Sunshine West, an initiative by the Victorian Government. GlenGALA Day was received overwhelmingly well by the local and businesses. Hundreds of community members and all 23 business in Glengala Village participated in the street pop-up event. As part of the event, a Think. Shop. Buy Local campaign was initiated by the community to help to activate the local activity centre with increase business engagement, enhance community pride and increase patronage, with the support by the Council. More than 90 per cent of the businesses expressed interest in taking part in an informal traders’ group to spark community interest in shopping locally and infusing pride amongst traders. The informal group will be facilitated and supported by the Council to implement initiatives such as social media and online presence. Feedback from the community highlights the need for supporting a thriving local economy, suggestions include supporting a diversity of stores such as a bakery and cafe; and encouraging street trading racks that create an attractive aesthetic.
What do we learn? A street pop-up can be set up and activated with the support readily available from a community-focused Council. Council will continue to take initiatives to help local communities to form and grow their local economy.
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3.2. Engagement Strategy Purpose The new Neighbourhood Economy Strategy will achieve the outcome 5.1 of Plan Melbourne, to creating a city of 20-minute neighbourhoods, particularly, to achieve a thriving local economy.
Why engage? The 20-minute Neighbourhoods Pilot Program policy recommendation highlights the place-based planning approach, in which through community engagement, the desired outcomes can be identified from the community perspective.
Ideas for Engagement Interventions and Activities • Community Pop-Up Park and Codesign Workshop by creating a new temporary shopping strip • Victorian Planning Provisions Information Sessions and 20-Minutes Neighbourhood brainstorming
Why Sydenham?
• Community Garden and Farmer’s Market Test Run
Sydenham is a typical residential suburb served by a major activity centre to the east, which most of the suburb is beyond reach in the 800-meter walkable catchment. Although there are 3 local privatelyowned activity centres, the services are limited and insufficient. Sydenham also has a median range of housing density (map 4) and disadvantaged index (map 1) in Brimbank. These characteristics will be more likely to yield information applicable to a broader context in the municipality.
• Free Home Business Consultation and Legal Advice Workshop
Intervention Approach Ideally, the engagement intervention should deter the residents from taking a car trip to the activity centre for daily shoppings, to demonstrate the possibility of living locally and sustainably.
How do we engage? A partnership with community stakeholders is preferred. The engagement should include a pilot project intervention with inclusive and engaging activities which will attract all spectrum of the community to participate in.
Engagement Goals At the end of the intervention, the engagement must effectively identify opportunities, barriers and enablers, by capturing ideas and concerns from the community regarding how to activate their location-specific neighbourhood economy. These captured inputs will then inform the drafting of a new Neighbourhood Economy Strategy for broader Brimbank. 18 | Brimbank’s Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan 2020-2022
• Red Tape Identifier submission about barriers to enable neighbourhood economy initiative • Student competition on neighbourhood economy innovation in partnership with local schools. • __________________________________ __________________________________ • __________________________________ __________________________________
Photos 4: Hulbert Street turned into an outdoor cinema (top). Shani Graham at TEDx Perth in 2013 (inset). Hulbert Street Sustainability Fiesta attracted thousands of visitors (Left). (Source: TEDx Perth, 2013; Ecoburbia, nd.) Photo Credit: Ecoburbia
Case Study: Hulbert Street Fiesta Hulbert Street, Fremantle is a typical cul-de-sac suburb located in the coastal area west of Perth, WA. Shani Graham and her partner Tim Darby transformed the street they are living on by expanding their lifestyle onto the underutilised street as a shared open space. Neighbours started to join and not before long they built a skate park on the street for the kids. Then, they built a pizza oven for pizza night and quickly upgraded to a movie night on the street. Eventually, the street party grew into a close-knit community whose passionate about sustainable living, and transcended to hosting a yearly Hulbert Street Sustainable Fiesta for over five years. Two homes, five artist’s studios and six gardens on Hulbert Street were opened to the public during Fiesta which attracted over 7,500 visitors in 2012. Shani shared her inspiring story at TEDx Perth in 2013, giving out tips about community building.
What do we learn? Community champion plays an important role in bringing a community together by organising activities and improving connections. A community building intervention can be cheap and affordable, which requires only an innovative proposition and collective effort.
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3.3. Place-based planning The government advocates for a place-based planning approach in planning for a 20-minute neighbourhood (State of Victoria, 2019). Place-Based planning requires an integrated approach by all authorities and government divisions which focuses on the results instead of the procedural and isolated treatment of projects and services. The council will take a multidisciplinary and crosssectoral view on the Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan pilot project. This will involve finance, legal, planning, business, environment, infrastructure, civic services and community development departments. It should lead to a community-first outcome for future service and infrastructure delivery.
Community partnerships The first step of a place-based approach begins at establishing community partnership to understand the neighbourhood needs because their lived experience could inform the on-the-ground daily challenges and opportunities. Brimbank council will communicate openly and honestly with the community to understand the realistic and place-specific opportunities, barriers and enablers for activating neighbourhood economy. Ideas and concerns the community shares will shape the new strategic plan and inform policymaking. Establishing a concrete community partnership will forge trust and embed a common vision. With open discussion and appropriate trade-offs in the deliberative planning process, Brimbank will become a more liveable neighbourhood.
Health and wellbeing 20-Minute Neighbourhood Pilot Program Policy Recommendation 2 — Develop guidelines, resources and evidence to support implementation (excerpt from the report)
Embedding place-based planning into local government processes will ensure delivering 20-minute neighbourhoods becomes core business. Further guidance and resources could include process toolkits, along with criteria to identify suitable locations for 20-minute neighbourhood projects. This may involve providing a scorecard or checklist based on the 20-minute neighbourhood ‘hallmarks’, which establish the foundation for undertaking a 20-minute neighbourhood project.
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Poorly connected neighbourhoods are lack of congregational spaces, which will produce a high rate of social isolation and loneliness, therefore becomes a stressing issue for public health. (Maas et al., 2011). Community-led neighbourhood design will foster trust and ingrain a sense of belonging, which in turn improved social cohesion.
The building block for social sustainability embedded in the neighbourhood economy Young Foundation developed a framework essential to sustainable communities which include four elements namely, amenities and social infrastructure, social and cultural life, voice and influence and space to grow, which form the building block for a sustainable community (Woodcraft et al., 2012). The council will facilitate these elements to enable and empower the neighbourhood economy to thrive (figure 6).
Figure 6: The building block for social sustainability embedded in the neighbourhood economy [tentative] (Source: Adapted from State of Victoria (2017) and Woodcraft et al. (2012)
Amenities and Social Infrastructure Infrastructure School, nursery and childcare; flexible, adaptable housing; green and lowcarbon infrastructure; good transport and communications connections
Safe places Eyes on the street; well-lit places; active street
Supports for social interaction Place Manager; community development workers; wellmaintained public and congregational spaces
Collective services Wireless network; credit unions; childcare coops; legal advisory
Community assets Shops; food productions; gardens; buildings
Social and cultural life Neighbourhood networks Babysitting circles; car clubs; lift share schemes
Community groups Community champions
Local identity Community news and information Neighbourhood website; Social network; Online forum
Street parties; festivals; distinctive architecture; local rules
Voice and influence Single-issue lobby groups Formal governance structures Community advocates for future residents Creative community engagement Participatory decision-making
Community-driven stewardship
Space to grow Flexible infrastructure Flexible urban planning Meanwhile space
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4. ACTION PLANS This Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan will be unfolded in two phases. The first phase actions will be the evaluation of the current situation by identifying opportunities, removing barriers and mobilising enablers to the neighbourhood economy, through a series of strategic actions including community engagement and placebased planning (figure 7). There could be more multi-faceted cooperations or measures arose in this process, as this list is not definite. To live up to the promise on the
partnership planning process, some of the actions will need community participation across timelines. Once the action plans were concluded, the next step will be drafting a new strategy for a broader context, using co-design method through workshops and community consultation. Once the final strategy has been adopted by the Council, then phase two — implementation of the new Neighbourhood Economy Strategy will be carried out in 2022.
Phase 1
ACTIONS TIMELINE
Phase 2
STEP 1 INVESTIGATE
STEP 2 ENGAGE
STEP 3 CO-DESIGN
STEP 4 CONSULT
STEP 5 ACT
Feb 2020
Sep - Dec 2020
Feb 2021
Jun-Oct 2021
Feb 2022
Figure 7: Potential actions for the Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan
Action plans
Activity
Timeline (Steps)
Council‘s roles
Strategic Goals
Cost
Review the Victorian Planning Provisions about uses in the residential zone to find potential barriers or enablers for neighbourhood economy.
Legal Review/ Survey
Investigate/ Consult
Lead Facilitate
Remove Barriers/ Mobilise Enablers
Low
Victorian Planning Provisions Interview/ Information Sessions and Survey/ 20-Minutes Neighbourhood Workshop brainstorming
Investigate/ Engage/ Co-design/ Consult
Lead Facilitate
Remove Barriers/ Mobilise Enablers
Low
Identify how to retrofit or locate a new Neighbourhood Activity Centres.
Intervention/ Interview/ Workshop
Investigate/ Engage/ Co-design/ Consult
Lead
Identify Opportunities
Medium
Investigating current legislative frameworks to identify and remove red tapes across all sectors including business development and support, licensing and tax relief.
Legal Review/ Interview/ Survey/ Workshop
Investigate/ Engage
Lead
Remove Barriers/ Mobilise Enablers
Low
Initiate Lead Delegate
Identify Opportunities/ Mobilise Enablers
Medium
Appointing a place manager Administration Engage/ and organising community Consult engagement events to build long-term relationships with community. 22 | Brimbank’s Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan 2020-2022
Figure 7: Potential actions for the Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan (continued)
Timeline (Steps)
Council‘s roles
Intervention/ Interview/ Workshop/
Investigate/ Engage
Organise community PopIntervention/ Up Park and Co-design Interview/ Workshop by creating a new Workshop temporary shopping strip Community Garden and Farmer’s Market Test Run
Action plans
Activity
Identify 3 locations of intervention which could deter the residents from taking a car trip to the activity centre for daily shoppings, to demonstrate the possibility of living locally and sustainably.
Strategic Goals
Cost
Initiate Lead Facilitate Delegate
Identify Opportunities/ Mobilise Enablers
High
Investigate/ Engage/ Co-design/ Consult
Initiate Lead Facilitate Delegate
Identify Opportunities/ Remove Barriers/ Mobilise Enablers
High
Intervention
Investigate/ Engage
Facilitate/ Delegate
Mobilise Enablers
Medium
Free Home Business Consultation and Legal Advice Workshop
Seminar/ Workshop/ Survey
Investigate/ Engage
Facilitate
Identify Opportunities/ Remove Barriers
Medium
Red Tape Identifier submission about barriers to enable neighbourhood economy initiative
Interview/ Survey
Investigate
Lead
Remove Barriers
Low
Neighbourhood economy innovation student competition in partnership with local schools.
Cooperation
Engage
Initiate Delegate
Mobilise Enablers
Low
Promoting 20-minute neighbourhoods to increase awareness about the ideology of ‘live locally’
Advertise/ Marketing
Engage
Initiate Promote
Mobilise Enablers
Medium
Establish a Free Trade Zone or a special rate/charge scheme for Neighbourhood Home Businesses.
Legal Review/ Survey
Investigate
Lead
Remove Barriers/ Mobilise Enablers
Low
Increasing the capped business license to the neighbourhood businesses: agriculture; homebased industry; small workshop; livestock; family entertainment spots, etc.
Legal Review/ Survey
Investigate
Lead
Remove Barriers/ Mobilise Enablers
Low
Create an online portal to coordinate engagement, events and a ‘Know your neighbour’ contact book
Online
Investigate/ Engage/ Co-design/ Consult
Facilitate
Identify Opportunities/ Mobilise Enablers
Low
Co-design workshop to draft the Neighbourhood Economy Strategy
Workshop
Co-design/ Consult
Lead Facilitate
Identify Opportunities/ Mobilise Enablers
Medium
Brimbank’s Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan 2020-2022 | 23
5. MONITORING AND EVALUATION PLAN The progress of the plan will be monitored monthly using appropriate indicators, measures and targets to keep on track to achieving the strategic goals (figure 8).
community champion. This monitoring framework must be cross departmental and make available on the newly created web portal, accessible to all stakeholders.
Place managers will be appointed to manage dedicated projects, who will be monitoring the progress of the action plans. A place manager could be a council member or place steward or
The ultimate goal is to produce a feasible new Neighbourhood Economy Strategy which will be endorsed by the council by February 2022.
Phase 1
ACTIONS TIMELINE
Phase 2
STEP 1 INVESTIGATE
STEP 2 ENGAGE
STEP 3 CO-DESIGN
STEP 4 CONSULT
STEP 5 ACT
Feb 2020
Sep - Dec 2020
Feb 2021
Jun-Oct 2021
Feb 2022
Figure 8: Monitoring and Evaluation for the Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan
Actions plans
Due Date
Indicators
Reviewing the Victorian Planning Provisions
December 2020
Number of barriers/ Recommendations enablers identified provided to all (at least 10) identified issues
All identified issues remedied with the recommendations
Information Sessions and brainstorming workshop
December 2020
Number of attendants and input captured
Input captured equals to attendants
Attendance 10% of all residents with 100% input captured
Retrofit or locate a new Neighbourhood Activity Centres.
May 2021
Number of location identified (at least 3)
Proposed location At least 3 feasible with feasibility study locations brought forward to urban design team.
Investigating current legislative frameworks to remove red tapes
December 2020
Number of barriers/ Recommendations enablers identified provided to all (at least 10) identified issues
All identified issues remedied with the recommendations
Appointing a place manager
Immediate
Number of place Monthly report on manager appointed active projects
All initiatives in this strategy has an appointed manager
Key neighbourhood economy intervention project
June 2020
Number of sites identified (at least 3)
Feasible intervention design with engagement programs
Intervention plans finalised on time
Pop-Up Park and temporary shopping strip
Dec 2020
Number of sites identified (at least 3)
Feasible site design with engagement programs
Programs are launched on time
Community Garden and Farmer’s Market Test Run
Dec 2020
Number of sites identified (at least 3)
Feasible site design with engagement programs
Identified location made permanent with community steward appointed.
24 | Brimbank’s Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan 2020-2022
Measures
Target
Figure 8: Monitoring and Evaluation for the Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan (continued)
Actions plans
Due Date
Indicators
Measures
Target
Free Home Business Consultation and Legal Advice Workshop
Ongoing
Number of attendants and input captured
Input captured equals to attendants
Attendance 10% of all residents with 100% input captured
Red Tape Identifier submission about barriers to enable neighbourhood economy initiative
May 2021
Number of Recommendations submission received provided to all identified issues
All identified issues remedied with the recommendations
Neighbourhood economy innovation student competition
May 2021
Number of student awards presented
Innovation awards presented to students (at least 3)
Implement the student ideas in the new strategy
Allocating more open space for the farmers market
Dec 2020
Number of sites identified (at least 3)
Proposed location Identified location with feasibility study made permanent with community steward appointed.
Promoting 20-minute neighbourhoods to increase awareness about the ideology of ‘live locally’
August 2020
Number of collateral materials produced
All activity and programs in this plan has been adequately promoted
100% reach to the target community and 80% awareness rate in community surveys
Establish a Free Trade Zone or a special rate/ charge scheme for Neighbourhood Home Businesses.
Dec 2020
Number of new home business
Increase in new business permits (At least 30)
Attractive neighbourhood economy scheme endorsed by Council and new home businesses established.
Increasing the capped business license to the neighbourhood businesses
Dec 2020
Number of new home business
Increase in new business permits (At least 30)
Attendance 10% of all residents with 100% input captured
Create an online portal to coordinate engagement, events and a ‘Know your neighbour’ contact book
August 2020
Number of participants on the portal
Input captured equals to participants
Attendance 10% of all residents with 20% input captured from active participation
Co-design workshop to draft the Neighbourhood Economy Strategy
May 2021
Draft Neighbourhood Economy Strategy
The production of Draft Neighbourhood Economy Strategy
Draft Neighbourhood Economy Strategy launch on time
Consultation on draft October Neighbourhood Economy 2021 Strategy
Number of Input captured submission received equals to participants
100% Input captured from participants documented
Final Neighbourhood Economy Strategy is brought forward to Council Meeting
Final Neighbourhood Economy Strategy
Council endorsement on Neighbourhood Economy Strategy
January 2022
The production of Final Neighbourhood Economy Strategy
Brimbank’s Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan 2020-2022 | 25
6. STRATEGIC ALIGNMENTS Policy alignment with other strategies, policies and legislation State Legislation: • Victorian Public Health and Wellbeing Act 2008 • Climate Change Act 2017 • Planning and Environment Act 1987 • The Food Act 1984
State Government: • Plan Melbourne 2017-2050 • Victoria’s Climate Change Adaptation Plan 2017-2020 • 20-Minute Neighbourhoods: Creating a More Liveable Melbourne
Brimbank City Council: • Brimbank Community Vision 2040 • Resilient Brimbank Framework 2018-2022 • Brimbank Council Plan 2017-2021 • Brimbank Activity Centre Strategy 2018 • Brimbank Planning Schemes • Economic Development Strategy 2016-2020 • Brimbank Social Justice Charter 2018 • Age Friendly City Plan 2018 - 2022
Other Relevant Programs and Authorities: • Growing Suburbs Fund • Brimbank Community Grant • Small Business Mentoring Program • 20-minute neighbourhood grants • Special rate/charge scheme • Streatrader Frameworks • The Red Tap Commissioner
20-Minute Neighbourhood Pilot Program Place Recommendation 7 — Develop guidelines, resources and evidence to support implementation
The state and local government have funding programs available for delivering 20-minute neighbourhood project for the community by funding small-scale projects raised through the community partnership, for instance, the Growing Suburbs Fund. The council will actively promote available funding through the Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan. The government will also investigate into streamlining funding process as well as the opportunity to upscale innovative place-making projects. Find out more on the Council website.
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REFERENCES Badland, H., Whitzman, C., Lowe, M., Davern, M., Aye, L., Butterworth, I., … Giles-Corti, B. (2014). Urban liveability: Emerging lessons from Australia for exploring the potential for indicators to measure the social determinants of health. Social Science & Medicine, 111, 64–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.04.003 Brimbank City Council. (2015). Brimbank City Council Submission - Plan Melbourne. Retrieved from: https:// www.planmelbourne.vic.gov.au/__data/assets/ pdf_file/0010/382474/279-Brimbank-City-Council.pdf Dodson, J. (2016). Suburbia in Australian Urban Policy. Built Environment, 42(1), 23–36. https://doi.org/10.2148/benv.42.1.23 Ecoburbia. (nd). Hulbert Street Sustainability Fiesta. Retrieved 31 October 2019, from https://ecoburbia.com.au/ community/hulbert-street-sustainability-fiesta-2010/ Forecast id. (2019). Population forecasts: City of Brimbank. Retrieved 15 August 2019, from https://forecast.id.com.au/brimbank Graham, S. (2013). Take a street and build a community, TEDx Perth. Retrieved 31 October 2019, from https:// www.tedxperth.org/take-street-and-build-community Gunn, L.D., Rozek, J., Hooper, P., Lowe, M., Arundel, J., Higgs, C., Roberts, R., and Giles-Corti, B. (2018). Creating liveable cities in Australia: A scorecard and priority recommendations for Melbourne. Melbourne: RMIT University, Centre for Urban Research. Kelly, J. F., Breadon, P., Mares, P., Ginnivan, L., Jackson, P., Gregson, J. and Viney, B. (2012). Tomorrow’s Suburbs, Grattan Institute. Maas, J., van Dillen, S. M. E., Verheij, R. A., & Groenewegen, P. P. (2009). Social contacts as a possible mechanism behind the relation between green space and health. Health and Place, 15(2), 586–595. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2008.09.006 McColl, S. (2016). A Bus and Sliding Prices Help Bring the Same Great Food to Everyone, TakePart. Retrieved 30 October 2019, from http://www.takepart.com/ article/2016/04/30/metro-market-st-louis Profile id. (2019). Number of cars per household: Sydenham Hillside. Retrieved 14 August 2019, from https://profile. id.com.au/brimbank/car-ownership?WebID=270 Ruming, K., & Goodman, R. (2016). Planning System Reform and Economic Development: Unpacking Policy Rhetoric and Trajectories in Victoria and New South Wales. Built Environment, 42(1), 72–89. https://doi.org/10.2148/benv.42.1.72 Sampson, A. (2016) The Community Grocer is putting fresh food on the tables of the economically disadvantaged. The Weekly Times. Retrieved 29 October 2019, from https://www.weeklytimesnow.com.au/agribusiness/ farm-magazine/the-community-grocer-is-putting-freshfood-on-the-tables-of-the-economically-disadvantaged/ news-story/b846b63401964a0b3f737edace48ccc3 State of Victoria. (2019). 20-minute neighbourhoods: creating a more liveable melbourne. Retrieved 20 Septermber 2019, from https://www.planning.vic. gov.au/policy-and-strategy/planning-for-melbourne/ plan-melbourne/20-minute-neighbourhoods The Community Grocer. (2019). Our Story, The Community Grocer. Retrieved 29 October 2019, from https:// www.thecommunitygrocer.com.au/our-story-2
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This page is deliberately left blank for your ideas to flourish.
28 | Brimbank’s Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan 2020-2022
This page is deliberately left blank for your ideas to flourish.
Community members are encouraged to get in touch with the dedicated Place Manager to discuss your ideas. Find contact detail on the back cover of this leaflet
Brimbank’s Enabling Neighbourhood Economy Plan 2020-2022 | 29
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9249 4000
Post
PO Box 70, Sunshine, VIC 3020
info@brimbank.vic.gov.au
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