4 minute read
Great Minds
from KidZine 44
by KidZine
Alexander Graham Bell
Inventor of the Telephone
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Alexander Graham Bell was born in 1847 in Edinburgh, Scotland. He was an engineer and scientist and he invented the telephone in 1876.
Both his mother and his wife were death. This influenced his research on hearing devices. Despite his life-changing invention, he considered the telephone an intrusion and refused to have one in his study!
Working from his laboratory in Boston and his home in Canada, he experimented with a pen-like machine that recorded sound waves by tracing their vibrations. He believed it may be possible to generate electrical currents that matched sound waves. He also thought that multiple metal reeds tuned to different frequencies could convert the currents back into sound.
Bell lacked the necessary equipment required to continue his experiments until he met an electrical designer named Thomas A. Watson. Together, they worked on acoustic telegraphy which eventually led to the 'gallows' sound-powered telephone. This transmitted indistinct, voice-like sounds but not clear speech.
Bell patented the acoustic telegraph in 1876 and three days after the patent was issued he succeeded in getting his telephone to work. He did this using a liquid transmitter.
He demonstrated his new invention to the public, gaining international attention and was asked to demonstrate it personally to Queen Victoria who declared it 'most extraordinary'.
The Bell Telephone Company was created in 1877 and by 1886, more than 150,000 people in the U.S. owned a telephone.
Whilst he is best known for his invention of the telephone, Bell was granted a total of 30 patents (18 in his name alone and 12 shared). His other inventions included a metal jacket to assist in breathing, the audiometer to detect minor hearing problems and a device to locate icebergs. In 1915, Bell made the first transcontinental telephone call from New York City to San Francisco.
Bell died in August 1922. Immediately after his funeral, every telephone in North America was silenced in his honor.
Alexander Graham Bell's famous quote:
تاراقلل ةرباع ةيفتاه ةملاكم لوأب ليب ماق ،1915 ماع يف .وكسيسنارف ناس ىلإ كرويوين ةنيدم نم ام ليب حنم مت دقف ،فتاهلا هعارتخإب رهتشا هنأ نيح يف .(ةكرتشم 12و ،هدحو همساب 18) عارتخا ةءارب 30 هعومجم يف ةدعاسملل ةيندعم ةرتس ىرخلآا هتاعارتخا تنمضت عمسلا لكاشم نع فشكلل عمسلا ةوق سايقمو ،سفنتلا .ةيديلجلا لابجلا عقاوم ديدحتل زاهجو ةفيفطلا تاكسإ مت ،اروف هتزانج دعبو .1922 سطسغأ يف ليب يفوت .هل اميركت ةيلامشلا اكيرمأ يف فتاوهلا عيمج
:ةريهشلا ليب ماهارغردنسكلأ لاوقأ نم
ردنسكلأ
ليب ماهارغفتاهلا عترمخ
ليب ناك .ادنلتكسا ،ةربندأ يف 1847 ماع يف ليب ماهارغ ردنسكلا دلو .1876 ماع يف فتاهلا عرتخا دقو ملاعو سدنهم ةزهجأ ىلع هثاحبأ يف اذه رثأ دقو .ةينملا مهتفاو هتجوزو هتدلاو نم لاك هنكل ،ةايحلا ريغ يذلا هعارتخا نم مغرلا ىلعو .عمسلا !هتسارد يف دحاو كلاتما ضفرو لافطت فتاهلا ربتعا دقو ،ادنك يف هلزنمو نطسوب يف هربتخم نم لمع تاجوملا لجس يذلاو ملقلا هبشي زاهج مادختسإب برج ناك .اهب ةصاخلا تازازتهلاا عبتت قيرط نع ةيتوصلا ةقباطم ةيئابرهك تارايت ديلوت نكمملا نم هنأ دقتعي تابصقلا نأ اضيأ دقتعي ناكو .ةيتوصلا تاجوملل اهنكمي ةفلتخم تاددرتل ةطوبضملا ةددعتملا ةيندعملا .توصلا ىلإ ىرخأ ةرم تارايتلا ليوحت
Find the correct shadow.
Insert the correct symbol next to each missing piece
B
C D E
A F
