Master of Architecture Portfolio 2021 - Kiran Balakrishna

kiran balakrishna

Master

of

Architecture

2021

2

C

O

N

T

E

N

T

S

page 04

THE THREE ROOMS An urban sanctuary and columbarium

page 22

VEIL AND VOID An adaptive reuse design

page 42

GREEN NEW DEAL PROJECT Urban Design Studio 2020

page 72

THE TRANSITION Intermodal transportation hub

page 82

THE CAPITOL Skyscraper design

page 92

SCHOOL IN DOWNTOWN ATLANTA An integrated building system design

page 108

WONG DAI SIN TEMPLE A comprehensive construction drawing set

page 122

THE SINE WAVE Creative play 1 : Designing with AR

page 128

THE INTERLOCKING CELLS Creative play 2 : Fabricating with AR

page 136

THE CINCTURE Critical study : WTC Transit hub, New York

page 142

MISCELLANEOUS Detailed drawings & Installations

3

THE

THREE

ROOMS

AN URBAN REPOSE: COLUMBARIUM AND MEDITATION Location College Instructor Module Year

: : : : :

Bellwood Quarry, Atlanta, GA Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA Prof. Michael Gamble Graduate Advanced Studio Fall 2019

The design concept revolves around three distinctive characters which are experienced in each room. It is first apprehended through the change in volume from a much human scale arcade to a monumental hall and then with somber lighting through each space. The journey begins in a hall for reflecting and remembering the deceased ones, it then leads to a much darker meditation space with is illuminated through a small skylight, and finally terminates to a much brighter columbarium space.

The hall of reflection allows users to remember the deceased loved ones while wandering among the gleaming lines. The void to spiritually reconcile with the loved ones and, The gallery of 10,000 souls to celebrate them. The niches in the columbarium lets guests to preserve the urns, memorabilia as a symbol of remembering them. The project deals with simple rectilinear geometrical shapes. The light wells and slits carved in each room direct the guests in the right direction.

4

5

The three rooms

celebration

reconciliation

reflection

Symbolic form: The design caters to three different character. Reflection, Reconciliation, and Celebration. “The hall of reflection” allows users to remember the deceased loved ones while wandering among the gleaming lines. “The void” to spiritually reconcile with the loved ones and “The gallery of 10,000 souls” to celebrate them. The niches in the columbarium lets guests to preserve the urns, memorabilia as a symbol of remembering them.

6

Index 1. Entrance 2. Open public space 3. Reflection room 4. Meditation room 5. Columbarium 2

1

3

4

5

Core form: The structural system is formed by stacking load-bearing stone blocks in the rooms that are cut inside the quarry, which are then carved as per the design. The travertine stone blocks act as the threshold defining the boundaries and embelling the character of each room. The apposite tarventine color used in each space interacts with the users emotion.

7

Site plan - Bellwood quarry, Atlanta, GA

8

Roof plan

9

“Forest of Reflection”

“Arcade of eternal flame”

“The Chamber of 10,000 Souls” Columbarium space with skylight

Sectional elevation // west-east // oblique drawing

10

“Arcade of eternal flame” Entrance Plaza

“Forest of Reflection”

Bellwood Lake

“Hall of Reflection”

“The Void” Meditation space

“The Chamber of 10,000 Souls” Columbarium space

Sectional elevation // north-south // oblique drawing

11

“Arcade of eternal flame” - Entrance

12

“Hall of reflection” - Thought provoking room

13

Stereotomic trait or Tectonic system ?

1

2

3

4

5

6

Process of construction in “Hall of reflection”

14

Stereotomic trait or Tectonic system ?

Construction drawing // Carving of stairs in stacked travertine blocks

15

“The void” - Meditation room

16

“The gallery of 10,000 souls” - Columbarium

17

Plan at 10’

Plan at 60’

Plan at 100’

Plan at 150’

Floor plans

18

Entrance Plaza

“Arcade of eternal flame”

Vertical Connection

“Hall of Reflection”

“The Void” Meditation space

“The Chamber of 10,000 Souls” Columbarium space

Plan // oblique drawing

19

Bellwood Lake

Quarry view

Reflection room

20

Meditation room

Columbarium niche

21

V E I L A N

A N D

A D A P T I V E

Location College Instructor Module Year

: : : : :

V O I D

R E U S E

D E S I G N

Peachtree and MLK drive Int, Atlanta, GA Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA Prof. David Yocum Portman Design Studio Spring 2020

The project deals with the revitalization of the existing ‘HL green building’ with a new fabric of urban programs creating a sense of community but keeping in check its carbon emission in the process. The main concept of this design is to create an open and free-flowing circulation within its rigid existing facade by introducing an open courtyard. In addition to forming a space for social interaction, the open courtyard space intertwines various programs creating a seamless visual and physical connections between the exterior and interior spaces.

The central courtyard space acts as the breathing node connecting various programs and this organic space which is formed runs across levels naturally ventilating throughout the building. The primary circulation includes two massive ramps connecting the basement and mezzanine, which is both utilitarian and function. A series of external stairs are placed around the open court space to imbibe the nature of its surroundings and provide a breakout space for its users during circulation

22

The Void - Central Courtyard along MLK drive

23

Existing building mass

Sinking the structure to its basement

Addition of horizontal courtyard

Addition of vertical courtyard

Opening up cafe space towards central courtyard

Open arcade along the first floor

Extending the courtyard to create a void

Open market space in first floor

The courtyard creates a venue for social interaction

A linear meditation block along the party wall

Housing block placed facing Broadway

Primary performance space placed over the courtyard

Addition of a slit through the performance block

Integrated courtyard space

Retaining the structural grid in the process of creating a void along it facade

Design Development - Creating an open and free-flowing circulation

24

Reusing existing bricks

Removing the facade facing the courtyard

Extracting the salvaged bricks

Extracting the salvaged bricks to its components

Adding a new floor using salvaged bricks

Introducing brick lattice facade

Reusing existing concrete panels

Reusing existing slabs

Reusing existing slabs

Reusing existing slabs

Reusing existing slabs

Reusing existing slabs

Reusing existing slabs

Existing Structure

Proposed Structure

Material Strategy - Reusing materials to reduce carbon footprint

25

Existing building - Peachtree and MLK drive Int.

26

Proposed building - Peachtree and MLK drive Int.

27

Existing building - MLK drive and Broad St Int.

28

Proposed building - MLK drive and Broad St Int.

29

Existing brick wall

19’

10’

Brick wall composite

4400 Bricks

206 CMU’s

Proposed strategy

Brick wall composite - 2 No’s

4 Brick Walls

* calculations done based on volume

30

Proposed brick wall of equivalent quantity

25%

Brick screen

110 Bricks

Equivalent to 8 brick screens of same dimension

* calculations done based on volume

31

Key Plan: C

B

A

C

B

A

1 2 3 4

A

A

B

A series of sections and elevations portrays the growth of open courtyard intertwining various programs at different levels and it becomes an avenue for social interactions.

C

32

1

2

3

4

33

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

MLK Jr DRIVE SW

OPEN MARKET SPACE

OPEN MARKET SPACE

OPEN MARKET SPACE

OPEN MARKET SPACE

BROAD ST SW

OPEN MARKET SPACE

OUTDOOR OPEN MARKET SPACE

SERVICE ELEVATOR

MEDITATION SPACE

SERVICE ELEVATOR

ADJACENT PROPERTY

32' 3" X 23' 8"

MEN

WOMEN

12' 4" X 12' 6"

11' 10" X 12' 6"

ADJACENT PROPERTY

First floor plan // Level: 0’ 0”

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

OUTDOOR OPEN MARKET SPACE

PEACHTREE ST

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

ENTRANCE FOYER

ADJACENT PROPERTY

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

FIRST FLOOR PLAN (LVL +0' 0")

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION RESTAURANT SEATING

RESTAURANT SEATING

KITCHEN 19' 2" X 31' 6"

OUTDOOR SEATING

OPEN COURTYARD SERVICE ELEVATOR

STORAGE ROOM 13' 0" X 19' 2"

MULTIPURPOSE HALL 32' 3" X 24'

SERVICE ELEVATOR

MEN

12' 4" X 12' 6"

1

WOMEN

11' 10" X 12' 6"

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

RESTAURANT SEATING

BASEMENT FLOOR PLAN (LVL -12' 0")

Basement plan // Level: -12’ 0”SCALE A100

1/16" = 1' 0"

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION OPEN MARKET SPACE BELOW

OPEN MARKET SPACE BELOW

BOX OFFICE ENTRANCE

OUTDOOR LOUNGE SPACE

OPEN MARKET SPACE BELOW

19' 10" X 29' 10"

MEZZANINE ARRIVAL LEVEL

LOUNGE SPACE FOR BOX OFFICE 18' 10" X 38' 11"

STORE

MEDITATION SPACE BELOW

SERVICE ELEVATOR

MEN

12' 4" X 12' 6"

3

WOMEN

11' 10" X 12' 6"

SECOND FLOOR - MEZZANINE PLAN (LVL +12' 0")

Mezzanine floor plan // Level: SCALE +12’ 0” 1/16" = 1' 0" A100

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

34

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

TICKETING OFFICE

View - Open market in first floor

35

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

BACKSTAGE SERVICE ACCESS

WORKSHOP / CLASSROOM 1

BACKSTAGE SERVICE SPACE

200 PAX CAPACITY

REAR PROJECTOR ROOM / PERFORMANCE STAGE 14' 9" X 39' 6"

ROOM SUITE

11' 9" X 21' 2"

ARTIST GREEN ROOM 11' 9" X 12' 2"

WORKSHOP / CLASSROOM 2

14' 9" X 12' 7"

20' 4" X 20' 10"

SERVICE ELEVATOR

ROOM SUITE

SIDE STAGE SPACE

14' 9" X 12' 7"

EXIT ACCESS

ROOM SUITE 14' 9" X 12' 7"

MEDITATION SPACE BELOW

SERVICE ELEVATOR

RECEPTION AND WAITING ROOM (HOUSING) 14' 2" X 14' 3"

4

ADMINISTRATION ROOM (HOUSING) 10' 0" X 14' 3"

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

LINE OF PARTITION

SCREEN

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

14' 9" X 12' 7"

BACKSTAGE SERVICE ACCESS - 6' WIDE CORRIDOR

20' 4" X 20' 10"

ROOM SUITE

THIRD FLOOR PLAN (LVL +22' 0")

Third floor plan // Level: +22’ 0” SCALE A100

1/16" = 1' 0"

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION ROOM SUITE

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

200 PAX CAPACITY

BACKSTAGE SERVICE SPACE 17' 4" X 34' 2"

ROOM SUITE 14' 9" X 12' 7"

SERVICE ELEVATOR

ROOM SUITE 14' 9" X 12' 7"

CATWALK - SERVICE ACCESS

ROOM SUITE 14' 9" X 12' 7"

SERVICE ELEVATOR

MEN

12' 4" X 12' 6"

WOMEN

MEDITATION SPACE BELOW

11' 10" X 12' 6"

SKYLIGHT ABOVE

5

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

14' 9" X 12' 7"

FOURTH FLOOR PLAN (LVL +34' 0")

Fourth floor plan // Level: +34’SCALE 0” A100

1/16" = 1' 0"

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

A100

FIFTH FLOOR - MEZZANINE PLAN (LVL +42' 0") 1/16" = 1' 0"

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK STUDENT VERSION

6

Fifth floor plan // Level: +42’ 0” SCALE

36

View - Cafe space in Basement

37

Reusing CMU as screens in cafe

38

View - Mezzanine Level

39

Concrete panels reused as roofing system

40

Material take-off

Distribution of materials by volume

Distribution of carbon by materials

Note: (unit in lbs) Total carbon estimated 2.12 million tons Carbon saved from reusing existing materials 1.84 million tons

Saved carbon equivalent 357,000 cars off the road for a year

186 million gallons of gasoline consumed

270 billion number of smart phones charged

190,000 homes’ energy use for 1 year

1800 million pounds of coal burned

87 million propane cylinders used for home barbeques

Greenhouse gas emissions avoided by equivalent 357 wind turbines running for a year

62,896,025 incandescent lamps switched to LEDs

70 million trash bags of waste recycled instead of landfilled

2,162,100 acres of U.S. forests in one year

14,000 acres of U.S. forests preserved from conversion to cropland in one year

Carbon sequestered by equivalent 27,375,800 tree seedlings grown for 10 years

* source: Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies obtained from epa.gov

41

GREEN NEW DEAL PROJECT CENTRAL DOWNTOWN ATLANTA: LAND + WATER + CITY Location College Instructor Team Module Year

: : : :

Downtown Atlanta, GA Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA Prof. Richard Dagenhard Kiran Balakrishna, Chris Barnum, Dylan Bonsignore, Taylor Marshall, and Jane Rodrigues : Graduate Urban Design Studio : Fall 2020

The Studio in collaboration with Central Atlanta Progress, The Georgia Conservancy, Atlanta City Studio, and Sherwood Design Engineers, aims at crafting design strategies that weave ecological processes into an expanded vision of Downtown Atlanta, where the public domain becomes the framework for an urban and architectural future built on Decarbonization, Justice, and Jobs, as called for in the Green New Deal Superstudio and Equity, Progress, Ambition and Nature as called for in The Atlanta City Design.

The Project deals in proposing strategies in stormwater mitigation in clear creek basin through Green Infrastructure measures. The project also provides attention to the future of Central Park Place and retrofitting new constructions in Central Park, Renaissance Park, and historic Civic Center also formerly called as Butter Milk Bottoms.

42

43

Peachtree Creek Watershed

Clear Creek Basin

Peachtree Creek is a one of the major streams in Atlanta. It flows for 7.5 miles (12.1 km) almost due west into the Chattahoochee River just south of Vinings.

Clear Creek is a stream in northeast Atlanta that is a tributary to Peachtree Creek and part of the Chattahoochee River watershed.

Its two major tributaries are the North Fork Peachtree Creek and the South Fork Peachtree Creek. The northern fork begins at the edge of Gwinnett County and flows 13.5 miles (21.7 km) southwest, almost perfectly parallel to Interstate 85 through DeKalb County.

It has two main branches, one originating east of the high ground along which Boulevard runs and another to the west originating on the northeast side of downtown Atlanta.

The easterly branch of Clear Creek begins in several springs and branches in what are now Inman Park and the Old Fourth Ward.

Water Analysis- Existing Conditions 44

Central Atlanta Progress (CAP) Basin

Exisiting Street Network

Critical Problems

Exisiting Problems

•

Large amount of volume from upstream runoff originating from downtown Atlanta, Georgia State University, Grady Hospital, and the Martin Luther King, Jr. Historic District

• •

•

The volume of the downstream surfaces from the east and west ridges, along with piped runoff contribute to additional flooding events.

•

•

The overflow of combined sewage on to potential redevelopment sites.

•

Water Analysis- Existing Conditions 45

Clear Creek is placed in a combined sewer pipe.

Continuous development of downtown created increasing flooding problems in the African American residential neighborhood of Buttermilk Bottoms. 1960s: Buttermilk Bottoms is demolished during Urban Renewal.

Steep slopes from Peachtree Ridge to the west and Boulevard to the east produce high velocity flows of surface water, while piped stormwater contributes to additional flooding.

2019: Cistern with an 18 acre ft. capacity is installed at the Civic Center in an attempt to control combined sewer overflows downstream.

Exisiting Street Slopes

Existing Street Run-offs

+8 %

High amount of water

6%-8%

Low amount of water

3%-5% 0%-2%

Water Analysis- Existing Conditions 46

Proposed Water Strategy

Proposed Infrastructure Projects

Parks

Parks

Residual Spaces

Residual Spaces

The Stitch

The Stitch

Natural Water Flow

Stromwater Management

Basin Low Point

Street Flow

Street Flow

Existing Trunk Line

Exisiting Trunk Line

Central Park Pl St

Neighborhood Connectors

Neighborhood Connectors Possible Land Swaps

Water Analysis- Existing Conditions 47

Public Relam Project:

Conveyance St Streets that convey water down hill on moderate to steep slopes, where water velocity is the critical concern.

Central Park Pl

Piedmont Ave

Ralph McGill Blvd

Pe a

ch

tre

e

St .

North Ave

Transfer St Streets with moderate to steep slopes that transfer water to conveyance streets. Typically only one block long.

Irwin St

Sponge St Streets with shallow slopes, where water can be collected and infiltrated.

Auburn Ave Edgewood Ave

Blue St Streets that contain large amounts of water flowing into them, mainly from transfer and conveyance streets.

Basin Runoff

Street Runoff

Central Park PL

Stromwater Management - Existing Streets Conditions 48

In any given storm event, streets within the Clear Creek basin account for roughly 33% of the total stormwater runoff. When combined with water flowing off of blocks, this number jumps to 75%.

Conveyance St Control the velocity of stormwater to increase the time of concentration.

Bioswales

Bio-retention

Pervious Pavers

Transfer St Utilize both velocity controls and infiltration strategies to reduce the amount of water flowing between conveyance streets.

Bioswales

Bio-retention

Pervious Pavers

In-filtration

Sponge St Leverage the lack of slope to acheive maximum infiltration of stormwater, while cleaning it.

Bioswales

Bio-retention

Stromwater Management - Proposed Streets 49

Pervious Pavers

In-filtration

Bio-filtration

D

C

B

A

Existing waterflow

Existing frontages

Stromwater Management - Central Park Place // Existing Conditions 50

Existing intersections

Existing Proposal Outcome Street Runoff

Section at A Highland Ave to Ralph McGill Blvd

Section at B Pine St to Linden Ave

Section at C Ralph McGill Blvd to Pine St

Section at D Linden Ave to North Ave

Central Park PL

Water flow Building rear 4-way Intersection 3-way Intersection Stromwater Management - Central Park Place // Existing Conditions 51

North Ave

C Linden Ave.

Pine St

A

Ralph McGill Blvd

B

Stromwater Management - Central Park Place 52

Proposed Proposal Outcome Street Runoff

Section at A

Section at B

Section at C

Plan at A

Plan at B

Plan at C

Stromwater Management - Central Park Place 53

Water Mitigated

Potential

Street Runoff

Storage Capacity

PENN AVE.

CENTRAL PARK PL.

NORTH AVE.

LINDEN AVE.

Infiltration: Green space allows for infitration of water and increased evapotraspiration, while providing space for recreation and other activities.

Bio-retention: Large bio-retention gardens hold and treat water from Central Park Pl. Overflow cascades into the amphitheater.

During periods of intense rainfall, the amphitheater can hold up to 4.6 acrefeet of stormwater. When not holding water, it can used as a space for the arts and cultural events.

Bio-infiltration: Water entering from Central Park Pl. moves through planted swales, filtering out pollutants and oxygenating the water.

Proposed Stromwater Park: Plan 54

Outcome

Street Runoff

Increased evapo transpiration

Bio-rentention gardens 2.9 acre-feet combined

Floodable amphitheater 4.6 acre-feet

Proposed Stromwater Park: Site Section 55

Water Managed

Recreation lawn

MISSION DISTRICT San Francisco

NORTHWEST DISTRICT Portland 200’

400’

200’

270’

200’

270’

200’

460’

200’

550’

ALAMEDA Portland

Walkable block sizes within a street network with larger blocks to the North for Industrial zones.

Alleys concentrated to few blocks.

Two basic block sizes based on housing types for residential areas. Even larger block sizes for riverfront industrial areas.

Medium sized blocks with compact street grid network. No alleys in subdivision.

BACK BAY Boston

MOUNT PLEASANT Vancouver

SOUTH BEACH Miami

600’

420’

320’

330’

120’ 310’

140’ 130’ 140’

Alley Alley

125’

112’

112’ 112’

Alley Alley

Narrow, long blocks a part of subdivision. Inclusion of 16’ alleys running East-West both, in residential and commercial zones.

Medium sized blocks in an orthagonal street grid. Inclusion of 20’ alleys running E-W both, in residential and commercial zones.

Precedents: Block sizes and typologies 56

Average blocks width 330’ in a definite street grid. Inclusion of 20’ alleys running N-S both, in residential and commercial zones.

A DOUBLE LOADED CORRIDOR COMMERCIAL BELOW // CENTER PARKING RESIDENTIAL WIDTH: 70’ - 80’ PARKING DIMENSION: 190’ X 115’ A COMMERCIAL WIDTH: DOUBLE LOADED CORRIDOR 70’ - 80’ COMMERCIAL BELOW // CENTER PARKING

A. Double loaded corridor RESIDENTIAL WIDTH: with commercial below 70’ - 80’ and central parking PARKING DIMENSION:

RESIDENTIAL WIDTH: 70’ - 80’ COMMERCIAL WIDTH: 70’ - 80’

F DOUBLE LOADED CORRIDOR RESIDENTIAL WIDTH: 70’ - 80’ RESIDENTIAL WIDTH: PARKING WIDTH: 70’ - 80’ 120’

RESIDENTIAL WIDTH: 70’ - 80’ COMMERCIAL WIDTH: 70’ - 80’

C

E

RESIDENTIAL WIDTH: 70’ - 80’ PARKING WIDTH: 120’

B DOUBLE LOADED CORRIDOR COMMERCIAL BELOW // PARKING BELOW

D DOUBLE LOADED CORRIDOR PARKING CENTER // COURTYARD CENTER

RESIDENTIAL WIDTH: 70’ - 80’ PARKING WIDTH: 120’ B COMMERCIAL WIDTH: DOUBLE LOADED CORRIDOR 60’ COMMERCIAL BELOW //

RESIDENTIAL WIDTH: 70’ - 80’ PARKING WIDTH: 120’ D COURTYARD WIDTH: DOUBLE LOADED CORRIDOR 50’ PARKING CENTER //

G

F DOUBLE LOADED CORRIDOR RESIDENTIAL WIDTH: 70’ - 80’

RESIDENTIAL WIDTH: 70’ - 80’ PARKING WIDTH: 120’ COURTYARD WIDTH: 50’

E. Double loaded corridor with commercial below and courtyard parking

F DOUBLE LOADED CORRIDOR RESIDENTIAL WIDTH: 70’ - 80’

F. Double loaded corridor

Index

E DOUBLE LOADED CORRIDOR COMMERCIAL BELOW

H SINGLE LOADED CORRIDOR DUPLEX RESIDENTIAL WIDTH:

G SINGLE LOADED CORRIDOR

70’ - 80’ RESIDENTIAL WIDTH: COMMERCIAL WIDTH: 40’ - 50’’ 70’ - 80’

RESIDENTIAL WIDTH: 40’ - 50’’

Building Typologies: Design Process D

RESIDENTIAL WIDTH: 70’ - 80’ COMMERCIAL WIDTH: 70’ - 80’

COURTYARD CENTER

RESIDENTIAL WIDTH: 70’ - 80’ PARKING WIDTH: 120’ COMMERCIAL WIDTH: 60’

G. Single loaded corridor with duplex units

DOUBLE LOADED CORRIDOR PARKING CENTER // COURTYARD CENTER

RESIDENTIAL WIDTH: 70’ - 80’ PARKING WIDTH: 120’

190’ X 115’ COMMERCIAL WIDTH: 70’ - 80’

D. Double loaded corridor SINGLE LOADED CORRIDOR with commercial below RESIDENTIAL WIDTH: and central parking 40’ - 50’’

C DOUBLE LOADED CORRIDOR PARKING BELOW

E DOUBLE LOADED CORRIDOR COMMERCIAL BELOW

LOADED CORRIDOR DOUBLE LOADED CORRIDOR B. Double loadedDOUBLE corridor C. Double loaded corridor PARKING BELOW COMMERCIAL BELOW with parking below with commercial below

PARKING BELOW

E DOUBLE LOADED CORRIDOR COMMERCIAL BELOW

C DOUBLE LOADED CORRIDOR PARKING BELOW

H. Single loaded corridor

57

Residential Commercial Parking

Redevelopment Project: Proposal 1

5

4

3

2

1

Proposal 1: Design Process 58

1 & 2. PUBLIC RIGHT OF WAY and BLOCKS Identifying streets with given site constraints and easement location.

2. PARCEL SUBDIVISON & FRONTS Subdividing blocks into 60x90’ parcels.

EASEMENT Easement

PARCEL DIVISION Parcel

PUBLIC OF WAY RightRIGHT of way

ALLEY DIVISION Alley

PARCEL DIVISION

EASEMENT

4. STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PUBLIC RIGHT OF WAY Identifying areas for green infrastructure and mitigation of flooding.

5. PROPOSAL ALLEY DIVISION Proposing building typologies & possible massing.

PUBLIC GREEN SPACE ROOF GARDEN

BUILDING

LOW POINT

PARKING

PUBLIC SPACE PublicGREEN Green Space

RoofGARDEN Garden ROOF

BUILDING Building

LOW LowPOINT Point

PARKING Parking

Proposal 1: Design Process 59

Proposal 1: Design Massing 60

EE

R HT

C EA

P

ST.

ND

TLA

UR

CO

CU

RR

IER

ST

LIN DE NA VE R NU PA ENA RK ISS EN WA AN E Y N CE E

NE

ST.

NE

PIN

NE

ES

NC

ED

EL

EO

NA VE

.N

E

TN

E

E AV NT

RE

NA

NE

NO

ISS

RT

AN

MO

D

PIE

PO

CE

HA VE

NU

PA R

K

CE

NT

EN

E

RA

LP AR

K

CE

LA

P RK

A LP

RA

NT

CE

NE

U

H

LP

A

R

BO

IL

G

C

M E

L

RN

D LV

B E

N

D AY KW PAR

Proposal 1: Goals Achieved Celebrating the Easement Pragmatic approach given existing conditions.

534 housing units to be relocated 2989 Proposed housing units 2% of 100 year stormwater flooding mitigated

61

AN

GIE

RA VE

.N

E

E

RN

DD

R VA LE

Redevelopment Project: Proposal 2

5

4

3

2

1

Proposal 2: Design Process 62

1 & 2. PUBLIC RIGHT OF WAY and BLOCKS Identifying streets with given site constraints and easement location.

2. PARCEL SUBDIVISON & FRONTS Subdividing blocks into 60x90’ parcels.

EASEMENT Easement

PARCEL DIVISION Parcel

PUBLIC OF WAY RightRIGHT of way

ALLEY DIVISION Alley

PARCEL DIVISION

EASEMENT

4. STORMWATER MANAGEMENT PUBLIC RIGHT OF WAY Identifying areas for green infrastructure and mitigation of flooding.

5. PROPOSAL ALLEY DIVISION Proposing building typologies & possible massing.

PUBLIC GREEN SPACE ROOF GARDEN

BUILDING

LOW POINT

PARKING

PUBLIC SPACE PublicGREEN Green Space

RoofGARDEN Garden ROOF

BUILDING Building

LOW LowPOINT Point

PARKING Parking

Proposal 2: Design Process 63

Proposal 2: Design Massing 64

LIN DE NA VE RE NU PA NA RK ISS EN WA AN E Y N CE E

E

T. N ES

E TR

CH

A PE

ND

LA

T UR

CO

CU

RR

IER

ST.

PIN

ES

NE

NA

NE

ISS

EL

EO

NA VE

NO

AN

CE

N MO

.N

E

RT

HA VE

NU

PA R

K

D

PIE

ED

E

VE TA

NE

NC

TN

RE ST

PO

EN

E

C PA ENT RK RA L

K AR LP

E

EN

AC

PL

RA

NT

CE

U

H

LP

A

R

BO

IL

G

C

M E

L

RN

D LV

B E

N

D AY KW PAR

Proposal 2: Goals Achieved Emphasis on Communal Green Spaces.

Futuristic Radical approach.

966 housing units to be relocated 4539 Proposed housing units 4% of 100 year stormwater flooding mitigated

Proposal 2: Design Massing 65

AN

GIE

RA VE

.N

E

E

RN

DD

R VA LE

Proposal 2: Street Typology 66

Conveyance St

Decarbonization

Bioswale

Sponge St Decarbonization

Bioswale

Infiltration

Transfer St

Bioswale

Proposal 2: Street Typology 67

Activity Lawn Spaces (Infiltration) E

N CE

LA

KP

AR LP

PIN

A TR

N

CE

ES

TN

E

Peripheral Jogging/ Walking Track Amphitheatre (Water Collection) Bioswales (Water Collection)

RE

Pervious pavement (Infiltration)

NA

ISS

AN

CE

PA R

KW AY N

E ED

OS

OP

PR

FF

TO

E RE

ST

VE NA

E

.N

N

PE

Bioswales (Water Collection)

Open Market (Infiltration) Concert Area (Infiltration) Activity Area (Infiltration) NA

C

LA

KP

R PA

L RA

RE

E EN

ISS

AN

CE

C

PA R

KW AY N

T EN

E

Meditation / yoga zone

Pervious pathways (Infiltration)

LIN

DE

NA VE

NU

EN

ET

RE

E

E AV

E

.N

Skate Park (Water Collection)

FP

OF

E

OS

OP

PR

T DS

N EN

Bioswales (Water Collection)

Activity Lawn Spaces (Infiltration)

NO VE NA

RT

E

.N

HA VE

NU

N

E FP

F TO

EN

E

EE

ED

OS

OP

PR

R ST

Amphitheatre (Water Collection) Pervious pavement (Infiltration) LIN

DE

NA VE

NU

EN

CE

LA

E

Bioretention (Water Collection)

NE

A LP

RA

NT

CE

P RK

Green Infrastructure Parcels - Proposal 2 68

A

Longitudinal section through the clear creek basin

Section at A

Cross Section through Civic Center - B

Cross Section through Civic Center - C

Cross Section through Civic Center - D

Cross Section through Civic Center - E

Site Sections - Proposal 2 69

70

71

T H E

T R A N S I T I O N

INTERMODAL Site area Location College Instructor Module Year

: : : : : :

T R A N S P O R TAT I O N

HUB

20 acres (871200 Sqft) Hebbal, Bangalore, IN M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, IN Ar. Naga Jyotsna Architectural design project - Thesis Fall 2017

The proposed transit hub aims to solve the traffic and space issues, improving accessibility, efficiency and the experience involved in transportation. The two terminal blocks act as anchor transportation structures. A series of activities including the mall, gym, gaming arcade, community center, etc., are sandwiched between these two blocks and are connected through an internal tram network for ease of access.

The park is the indicative element depicting the green city tag of Bangalore for tourist. It also acts as a noise barrier from the highways. Further, the space acts as a resting zone not just for the commuter but also for the neighborhood users. Each of the pathways in the park corresponds to a particular activity like street performances, wall art, street market, dance, music and are indicated by their respective patterns in the footpath.

72

73

1. Rectangular terminal and parking block are stacked up along the site terrain connecting to peripheral roads on either side

2. Sunken down parking block flourishes more open spaces at ground level for user interaction and activities

3. An elongated terminal along the service road connecting various modes of transportation and faced towards the green patch

4. Extrusion of edges along the national highway (NH7) and outer ring road corridors catering to the entry-exit of automobiles

5. Mass is split into two discrete terminal blocks at the ends with central commercial zone consisting of shops, theatres, gyms and hotels

6. The commercial zone is offsetted along its axis, thus forming a urban park which is connected to various blocks within the complex

7. The commercial block is further subdivided into smaller units catering to various activites including community halls, gym, hotels, restaurants and retail

8. An internal tram network is introduced, which provides seamless connectivity with various terminal blocks and commercial / retail outlets

9. Multiple pedestrian networks connects the blocks internally and set of external pathways are introduced throughout the park

10. Series of intertwined pedestrian network in park provides provision for street performances and mounds along the pathways acts as stage for performers

11. Stretch of trees planted along the building line acts as sound buffer and prevents vehicular noise entering to the terminal

12. Tensile structure is introduced to attain design cohesion. It also shades common spaces and pedestrian zones inside the terminal and enhances ventilation

Design Developement

74

Problem - Inter-city bus terminal entry and exits.

Solution - Provision of underground roundabout connecting the bus lanes with terminal ramps along national highway.

Problem - Insufficient open spaces for passengers.

Solution - Introducing park with interwined pathways having street performance along it’s stretch and acts as a resting zone.

View 1: Sectional view through Intra-city bus terminal and metro block

Problem - Intra-city bus terminal entry and exits.

Solution - Provision of on-ground roundabout beneath hebbal flyover and connecting to the terminal.

Problem - Unpleasant view constrains around site.

Solution - Introducing tensile structure to avoid unpleasant views and to attend design cohesion and also makes the structure iconic.

View 2: Sectional view through Inter-city bus terminal and High speed rail block

Design solutions and sectional views

75

INDEX 1. Inter-city terminal block 2. Terminal tram station 3. Restaurant and hotel 4. Gym and community halls 5. Mall with retail outlets 6. Intra-city terminal block 7. Open palza with retails 8. Internal tram network 9. Provision for street performers

AUTORISH

AW AND

LOADING

TAXI PICKUP

DOCK

OFF-LOADI

NG BAY PASSENGER

EXIT

UP

300SQM

RETAIL SPACE

DN

UP

DN

UP

RM TFO CES PLA UP ION SPA PED SLO EXHIBIT H WIT

TERMINAL CONCOURS E

+895M

AM

TR

UP

DN

1

DN DN

UP

Y

TR

EN

N

IO

AT

ST

2

T KE R TIC TE M UN CO 14MX16 L INA RM FICE M OF X10

TE

IT

EX

14M

L INA RM FICE M OF X10

E

AM

TE

LIN

TR

14M

3

NT RA S AU EL ST OT RE D H AN

TR AM E

LIN

8 4

D AN ITY M N GY MMU LS L CO HA

SER VICE

750

M

AM

ROO

TR

E E SIZ OP SH SQM

RG

LA

E

LIN L AL SM OPS SH SQM 100

L AL SM OPS SH SQM

100

A

LA

E E SIZ OP SH SQM 750

DN

SQM

NCY

UP

RGE

EME

AZ

L PL

RA

600

EXIT

NT

CE

RG

5

100

L AL SM OPS SH SQM

ED SIZ M S DIU OP ME SH SQM

DN

UP DN

250

ED SIZ M S DIU OP SH

UP

ME

SQM

250

TR AM E

LIN

ED SIZ M S DIU OPSQM SH

ME

250

7 DN

6

TC BM UIRY M INQ X12

10M

E

M TRA

LIN

E

URS

NCO

9

TC

BM

CO

DN

DN

DN

DN

DRIVE THROUGH PLATFORMS

METRO ENTRY

UP

METRO EXIT

OVER BRIDGE CONNECTING PLATFORMS

UP

DN

DN

UP

UP

DN

UP

DN

UP

DN

UP

DN

DN

DN

DN

DN

METRO ENTRY

METRO EXIT PLATFORM 1

PLATFORM 2

PLATFORM 3

PLATFORM 4

PLATFORM 5

IT

EX Y

TR

EN

+895M

Site plan

76

DROP

OFF BAY

Section through Inter-city termianl block

Section through the commercial complex

-'

Section through Intra-city terminal block

Site section

77

INDEX 1. Sunken drive way 2. Inter-city terminal concourse 3. Bus parking 4. Metro terminal 5. Entry/Exit ramp - Intercity 6. Entry/Exit ramp - Intracity 7. Underground parking 8. Retail/commercial outlets

895M

KSRTC

+HSRL

894M

BLOCK

OFF-LOADIN

893M

RETAIL SPACE

G

892M

OFF-LOADIN

G

+890M

OFF-LOADIN

G

3

RETAIL SPACE

SUNKEN DRIVE BELOW GROUN WAY D LEVEL

+890M

891M

1 UP UP

COURTYA

LOUNG

E

2

KSRTC AC

890M

ON-LOADING CONCOURSE

CENTRAL

RD

RE IL TA

889M

E

AC SP

TC KSR

DN UP

CO RSE

OU

RS IVE C DR GE RT LOUN

KS

NC

IL TA

RE E

AC SP IL

TA

RE

NT RA S AU EL ST OT RE D H AN

8

E

AC

SP

M

90

+8

5

8

D AN ITY M N GY MMU LS L CO HA

M

90

+8

7

8

L CIA ER S MM LET CO OU

M

90

+8

889M AL

MIN

TC

TER

BM

DN

+890M

890M

6

UP

4

891M

METRO TERMINAL

+891M

892M

BMTC+METRO BLOCK

E

LARGE

HSRL PLATFO

LOUNG

RM

HSRL PLATFOR

M

893M

HSRL AC

LARGE

ANCHO

R SHOPS

894M

ANCHO

R SHOPS

1200SQM

1200SQM

DN

DN

DN

DN

UP

M

UP

HSRL PLATFOR

HSRL EXIT

RSE

HSRL ENTRY

RM HSRL PLATFO

HIGH SPEE

HSRL PLATFOR

M

D RAIL LINE

RM TFO CES PLA UP ION SPA PED SLO EXHIBIT H WIT

RM TFO CES PLA UP ION SPA PED SLO EXHIBIT H WIT

(HSRL) CON COU

RM

UP

UP

DN

HSRL PLATFO

UP

895M UP

DN

+901M HSRL EXIT

UP

UP

HSRL ENTRY

+907M UP

UP

AL IN RM ES FIC M OF 10MX15

TE

RM HSRL PLATFO

HSRL PLATFOR

DN

DN

M

DN

DN

AL IN RM ES FIC M OF 10MX12

TE DN

DN

DN

UP

UP

T KE R TIC TE M UN CO 14MX16

IL

TA

RE

AL IN RM FICE M OF X10

E OR OM RO

ST

DN

E

AC

SP

E OR OM RO

ST

AL IN RM ES TE FIC M OF 10MX15

UP

UP

DN

DN UP

SQM

450

Intra-city terminal below

TE

14M

OP

SH OR CH 0SQM

AL IN RM FICE M OF X10

TE

E AN

RG

14M

Inter-city terminal Plan at +907M

FIC AF RE TR NT D CE AN NT M SIT ME X50 AN GE 30M TR NA MA

AL IN RM ES FIC M OF 10MX12

TE

LA

Intra-city terminal below

120

Inter-city terminal Plan at +913M

Intra-city terminal Plan at +907M

Intra-city terminal Plan at +913M ENTRY FROM MALL

RETAIL SPACE

DN

UP

DN

175SQM

DN

UP

+891M METRO EXIT

METRO ENTRY

DN

UP

DN

UP

METRO EXIT

+891M

UP

UP

DN

METRO ENTRY

TICKET COUNTER 9MX10M

OFFICE 6MX5M

OFFICE 6MX5M

OFFICE 6MX5M

UP

DN

RETAIL SPACE

UP

DN

175SQM

Intra-city terminal - Plan at +891M TYPE OF TRANSPORTATION BMTC - Intra-city Bus Transportation KSRTC - Intra-city Bus Transportation HSRL - High Speed Rail Line METRO - Intra-city train line

UP

UP UP

+849M

UP

MACHINE ROOM 9MX10M

METRO PLATFORM

METRO PLATFORM

METRO PLATFORM

METRO PLATFORM

METRO PLATFORM

METRO PLATFORM STAFF ROOM

+849M

9MX10M

UP

UP

UP

UP

Intra-city terminal - Plan at +887M

Basement plan at +890M

78

Intra-city Bus terminal concourse

Inter-city Bus terminal concourse

Transit hub - Park

79

Aerial view with connecting peripheral road network

80

High-speed rail network (HSRL) terminal block

Tensile roof housing over the complex

High-speed rail network (HSRL) terminal concourse

Commercial complex

Internal ramp connecting floors

BMTC terminal block

Inter-city taxi stand

Inter-city terminal block RCC hollow columns

Internal tram network connecting the blocks

Intra-city terminal concourse

Open plaza in ground level

Intra-city taxi stand

Underground inter-city terminal concourse

Underground inter-city terminal access by ramps from road Underground metro terminal block

Underground parking

Exploded axonometric view Underground metro terminal concourse

81

T H E S

K

Y

S

Location College Instructor Module Year

C A P I T O L C

R : : : : :

A

P

E

R

D

E

S

I

G

N

Majestic, Bangalore, IN M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, IN Ar. Vishwas Hittalmani Architectural design studio - 7 Spring 2017

The project deals with innovation and sustainable high-rise design solution in city central. The project aims to act as a binding element connecting city transit hub and various other complexes to form a landmark for the city. The skyscraper accommodates for retail, commercial and office purposes.

The inception of the skyscraper is from a typical high rise design with a podium and the tower. The idea was evolved around it, in tapering the spaces over the podium and in turn connecting it with the higher floors. The resultant was a unified skyscraper design with flowing curves and building facade.

The skyscraper consists of a central core with shear walls housing lift shafts, stairs, toilets, AHU, staff, and other servicerelated spaces. The facade is provided with diagrids which connects the central core through flats slabs on each floor, by which the skyscraper acts as one rigid vertical structure.

The site area amounts to 5 Acres with a Floor area ratio of 4.

The structure consists of 43 floors with a total built-up area approximating to around 19 Acres (88,700 SqM) of which 30% corresponds to the service core. With a ground coverage of 32%, an adequate amount of open spaces are provided around the complex.

82

83

Form Development

Typical building with podium and tower

Tapering of podium and tower

Amalgamated form combining podium and tower blocks

Circular profile to capture views from all directions

Diagrid over the facade supports the structure intact

Curved glazing acts as external facade

Integration of various organic curves to create unified form

Structural Breakdown

Central core with shear walls

Ring beams around the central core support

Various floor slabs connecting central core and external diagrids

84

Final building with superimposition of multiple layers

Composition The skyscraper is accessed through the north-west and south-west entry points for retail and office purposes respectively. Their corresponding exits are provided along north-east and south-east quadrants.

The complex consists of 4 floors of podium with various commercial and retail outlets in three different sizes based on its area and 35 floors of office spaces with a minimum of 1200 SqM area on each floor. The central core houses lift shafts, staircase units, emergency stairs, electrical, AHU and other servicerelated rooms.

Helipad provision

Refuge Area Double height story spaces are provided every ten floors, with cafeteria, food courts and lounge spaces with a provision of refuge area on its northern end towards the exterior and connected to the emergency stairs making it easier for the fire fighting personnel in identifying the space during a fire outbreak.

Diagrids over the facade

Maintenance floors

Emergency stairs

Central core including lifts, stairs and service rooms

Office spaces

Refuge area which can be doubled as lounge/cafetaria

Refuge area

Podium

Underground parking

Sectional axonometric view

85

8

Sheshadri road

8

8

4

3

1

Gu

6

7

Site plan

Entry view of complex

86

d

5

roa

bbi

thri

tho

van

Dan

tad app a ro ad

2

Index 1. Tower complex 2. Retaill - Entry 3. Retail - Exit 4. Retail - Parking 5. Office - Entry 6. Office - Exit 7. Office - Parking 8. Traffic Island

Index 1. Entry ramp 2. Exit ramp 3. Emergency stairs 4. Lift core 5. Disabled parking 6. Two wheeler parking 7. Four wheeler parking 8. Road profile (on ground)

8

1

2

EMERGENCY STAIRS

EMERGENCY STAIRS

3

6

7

5

STORAGE 16SM

Parking Info

STORAGE 16SM

4

STORAGE 16SM

COMMERCIAL AND RETAIL

5

STORAGE 16SM

COMMERCIAL AND RETAIL

LIFT LOBBY 7X8M

Retail Four Wheeler = 500 Two Wheeler = 1500

OFFICE SERVICE UNIT

TELEPHONE 5X4M STORAGE 16SM

5

ELECTRICAL 4.5X4M

AHU 4.5X5.5M STORAGE 16SM

5 EMERGENCY STAIRS

EMERGENCY STAIRS

3

1

Typical basement plan

Street view of complex

2

Office Four Wheeler = 600 Two Wheeler = 1000

COMMERCIAL AND RETAIL PURPOSE +0.00M

ENTRY

EXIT UP

OFFICE

UP

MEDIUM SHOPS 450sqM

LARGE SHOPS 1450sqM

MEN WOMEN

COMMERCIAL AND RETAIL

COMMERCIAL AND RETAIL

LIFT LOBBY 7X8M

MEDIUM SHOPS 500sqM

OFFICE SERVICE UNIT

ELECTRICAL 4.5X4M

AHU 4.5X5.5M CR.AL.AR

RECEPTION AND LOUNGE

LARGE SHOPS 1450sqM

MEDIUM SHOPS 450sqM

WOMEN

MEN

UP

ENTRY

5th to 18th Floor

LOADING ROOM

EXIT

SECURITY

OFFICE PURPOSE +0.00M

Podium - Ground Floor

TEMPORARY SHOPS

TEMPORARY SHOPS UP

UP

DN

MEDIUM SHOPS 450sqM

LARGE SHOPS 1250sqM

MEN WOMEN

COMMERCIAL AND RETAIL

COMMERCIAL AND RETAIL

LIFT LOBBY 7X8M

MEDIUM SHOPS 450sqM

OFFICE SERVICE UNIT

ELECTRICAL 4.5X4M

19th Floor

AHU 4.5X5.5M

TELEPHONE 5X4M

MEN

WOMEN

LARGE SHOPS 1250sqM SMALL SHOPS 350sqM

UP

TEMPORARY SHOPS

Podium - First Floor

TEMPORARY SHOPS

20th to 28th Floor

TEMPORARY SHOPS UP

UP

DN

MEDIUM SHOPS 400sqM

LARGE SHOPS 1050sqM

MEN WOMEN

COMMERCIAL AND RETAIL

SMALL SHOPS 350sqM

COMMERCIAL AND RETAIL

LIFT LOBBY 7X8M

OFFICE SERVICE UNIT

ELECTRICAL 4.5X4M

AHU 4.5X5.5M

TELEPHONE 5X4M

MEN

LARGE SHOPS 1050sqM

WOMEN

SMALL SHOPS 300sqM

29th Floor

UP

TEMPORARY SHOPS

Podium - Second Floor

TEMPORARY SHOPS

TEMPORARY SHOPS UP

UP

DN

OPEN EXHIBITION 2500sqM

OPEN EXHIBITION 2500sqM

MEN

30th to 38th Floor

WOMEN

COMMERCIAL AND RETAIL

COMMERCIAL AND RETAIL

LIFT LOBBY 7X8M

OFFICE SERVICE UNIT

ELECTRICAL 4.5X4M

AHU 4.5X5.5M

TELEPHONE 5X4M

MEN

OPEN EXHIBITION 2500sqM

WOMEN

OPEN EXHIBITION 2500sqM

UP

TEMPORARY SHOPS

Podium - Third Floor 40th to 42th Floor

Fire Emergency

REFUGEE AREA 120sqM

MEN WOMEN

LIFT LOBBY 7X8M

OFFICE

OFFICE SPACE 600sqM

SERVICE UNIT

TELEPHONE 5X4M

MEN

ELECTRICAL 4.5X4M

OFFICE SPACE 600sqM

AHU 4.5X5.5M

WOMEN

Tower (Typical Plan) - 40th Floor

Sectional axonometric view

43rd and 44th Floor

Physical site model - 1:1000

Lateral Sectional Elevation

Longitudnal Sectional Elevation

North-West Elevation

South-East Elevation

SCHOOL IN DWTN ATLANTA I N T E G R AT E D College Team

Instructor Module Year

BUILDING

SYSTEM

DESIGN

: Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA : Kiran Balakrishna, Jane Rodrigues, Prerana Kamat, and Ameya Yawalkar : Tarek Rakha : Environmental Systems II : Spring 2020

We live in an era where we are rushed against time to manage our ever-growing energy demands and are required to devise strategies that aid in the smart utilization of all energy sources. Bringing into focus energy conservation would help address several issues such as energy costs, air pollution, greenhouse gases, global climate change, and our dependence on non-renewable sources of energy.

Therefore, it becomes vital to seek alternative solutions to meet surmounting energy demands rather than the mere application of conventional systems in design and planning.

The project seeks to understand the impact of location, environment, and climate on design and how it can integrate design with sustainable building systems to achieve energy efficient buildings. This will be achieved through a series of exercises in modeling, simulations, and data analysis thereafter. Simultaneous precedent studies further assist in the understanding of various systems and strategies currently used in similar climatic conditions and assist in choosing the most efficient solution for the project type.

92

Detail A - Energy Efficient Lighting

Detail B - Geothermal Heating

Detail C - Plumbing Details

Detail D - Dayligting in Teachers Lounge

Electric Lighting Workplane Illuminance

Annual Glare

C

A

Daylighting Workplane Illuminance

B

D

Integrated design summary

93

n as a itioning

Dry Bulb Temperature:

Adverse temperature conditions are more prevalent thoughout the year with very few days within comfort range.

Relative Humidity:

Sun shading strategies to be taken in account for months from June to August due to high temperature and high altitiude of the sun and heat gain strategies should be taken in consideration for months of Nov. to Feb. Atlanta experiences high humidity during the summer from months of April to November.

Psychometric Chart:

Climate Analysis - Atlanta

Tiles or slates and stone faced fireplace provides enough surface mass to store winter daytime

94 Shaded outdoor buffer zones oriented to north west and east directions can extend living, working and

Windrose (Dry bulb temperature)

Windrose (Wind speed)

Sun Path (July - December)

Sun Path (January - June)

Months: July - December Day- 21 and hours-9am to 4pm

Months: January - June Day- 21 and hours-9am to 4pm

Climate Analysis - Atlanta

95

4

3 5

2

1

Index: 1. Teachers’ Lounge 2. Computer Room 3. Classrooms 4. Toilets 5. Corridors

Sectional Floor Plan

96

Clerestory Window

North Skylight

Setback

Section through Teachers’ Lounge

Clerestory Window

North Skylight

Setback

Section through Computer Room

Shading and Light Shelf

Shading, Light Shelf and Louvers

Section through Classrooms

97

Setback

Second Floor 3 Classrooms 99.8% Corridor 92.9%

3 Classrooms 100%

First Floor

Teachers Lounge Computer Lab 96.4% Corridor 94.1%

Annual Daylight Autonomy

98

3 Classrooms 0% Corridor 8.2%

3 Classrooms 0% Teachers Lounge Computer Lab 0% Corridor 6.8%

Annual Solar Exposure

99

Second Floor

3 Classrooms 829 Lux Corridor 642 Lux

3 Classrooms 766 Lux

First Floor

Teachers Lounge Computer Lab 642 Lux Corridor 316 Lux

Work Workplane PlaneIlluminance Illuminance

100

False Color and RGB renderings

3 Classrooms 0% Corridor 4%

3 Classrooms 4% Teachers Lounge Computer Lab 1% Corridor 3%

Annual Glare

101

PANOS EVO Q68

ECOOS2 SLIM

CLEVO ID 440

PANOS INFINITY R200H

L-1

L-5

L-6

L-7

Article No. Light Source Luminaire Luminous flux Luminaire efficiancy Color temperature Luminaire input power Power factor

60 815 077 LED 720 lm 72 lm/W 2700 Kelvin 10 W

42 933 406 LED 4400 lm 110 lm/W 4000 Kelvin 40.1 W 0.96

42 186 129 LED 4640 lm 136 lm/W 3000 Kelvin 34 W 0.94

60 818 106 LED 1866 lm 124 lm/W 3000 Kelvin 15 W 0.98

0

RGB Rendering

250 cd/m2

False Color Rendering Imperciptible Glare // DGP 0.12

Electrical lighting Goals: Achieve an efficient lighting scheme using a combination of 2 or 3 lights that provides maximum efficiency with desired illuminance and adheres to the lighting power density of 12.9W/m2 for a school program type. The toilet is set to a baseline illuminance level of 300lux while the other spaces require a work plane illuminance of 500lux.

LPD ACHIEVED - 4.06 W/m Note: Maximum LPD for schools is 12.90 W/m and Imperciptible Glare with DGP 0.12

Higher efficiency light fixtures

Integrated Electrical System

102

3 Classrooms 533 Lux

Second Floor

Corridor 575 Luxv

First Floor

3 Classrooms 426 Lux Teachers Lounge and Computer Lab 466 Lux Corridor 554 Luxv

Workplane Illuminance

103

HVAC Circuit Diagram

Integrated HVAC System

104

Cooling mode

Heating mode

Return air duct Trunk and branch system

Stack head register and supply air duct Heat pump Dehumidifier

Dehumidifier

Geothermal ground loops

Geothermal heat pump in Cooling mode

105

HVAC Goals: Strive for thermal comfort throughout the year with a reduction of energy demands for heating and cooling through passive design strategies for efficient building envelope like fenestrations (louvers, overhangs, double glazed windows etc). To understand how to reduce ventilation energy demands in the given climatic conditions and to seek an integrated design that couples HVAC to energy required for water heating.

Water efficiency Goals: To curb wasteful disposal of water that can be reused and to conserve/reduce water demand. To study storm water management and ways to store, clean and resuse water for irrigation and non-potable purposes with minimized water consumption in toilets and outdoors spaces including bio re-use of waste for lanscaping.

Integrated water system

106

Supply water line

Cold Water Distribution

Hot Water Distribution

Sanitary waste disposal

Sanitary ventilation line

Strom rainwater disposal

107

WONG DAI SIN TEMPLE C O N S T R U C T I O N College Team Instructor(s) Module Year

: : : : :

D R A W I N G

S E T

Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA Kiran Balakrishna, Rachael Carstens, Rayvonn Whitehead Scott Marble, Michael Gamble, Charles Rudolph Construction Technology II Spring 2020

The objective of the course was to research and analyze a contemporary case study building and to build a detailed digital model of several subject areas of the same building.

Using the building’s construction documents as the primary resource, a full understanding of the building was developed with its interrelationships between the architectural, structural, mechanical, and enclosure systems along with the construction methods, materials, and assemblies.

The preliminary case study was worked in a team of three, to do the research and model the building structure and the detailed model assemblies of thev specific subject areas were done individually.

108

Reference: https://www.archdaily.com/878269/wong-dai-sin-temple-shim-sutcliffe-architects

109

1. Substructure - Raft footing

2. Substructure - Concrete piers

3. Cantilever slab

4. Flooring and Insulation

5. Superstructure - Steel columns

6. Superstructure - Steel beams

7. Angular steel members

8. Roof sheathing

110

Structural system overview

111

North-West Axonometric View

112

DRAWING NAME: S-W ROOF DETAIL

A B

Legend:

C D

E

F G

A B C D E F G H I J K

-

L M N O P Q R

-

S M H I J

M

N P

C D

K

E

E

F

H

G

I P

C D

L

N O

A

B

L K

Q

S

R

R

F G

PHA DR

SCALE: 1” = 1’ 0”

A

O

Bitumen waterproofing 50mm protection board Insulation membrane Sheet roofing Structural steel beam Aluminium channels Gypsum fasleceiling panels Steel L angle as per detail 40X150mm metal studs 39X80mm wooden strapping 20mm interior plywood sheathing Interior board as per detail Metal parapet cover 100X100X6mm L-angle Wooden strapping Metal flashing 6X50mm steel flat bar 20mm exterior plywood sheathing copper plate sheathing

DRA S-W

Architect: Shim Sutcliffe Architects

Leg

Structural Engineers: Blackwell Structural Civil Works: Masongsong Associates Landscape Architect: NAK Design Group

WONG DAI SIN TEMPLE 378 Steeles Avenue East Markham Ontario Canada

S

Outside

Inside

TEAM MEMBERS KEY SECTION Scale 1/2”=1’ 0” H I J

A

P

C D

O

E

K L

F

H

G

I L K

L M N O P Q R

-

SCA

Rachael Carstens Rayvon Whitehead

N

-

S -

Kiran Balakrishna

M

A B C D E F G H I J K

Arch Shim

Struc Blac

Civil Mas

Land NAK

W SI

S R

378 Mar Outside

Inside

TE KEY SECTION Scale 1/2”=1’ 0”

South-West Roof Detail

113

Kir

Ra Ray

Wall Detail

114

DRAWING NAME: S-W SLAB DETAIL Legend: A - 150X150mm steel column B - 40X150mm metal studs C - 20mm exterior plywood sheathing D - Copper plate sheathing E - 6X50mm steel flat bar F - 39X80mm wooden strapping G - 20mm interior plywood sheathing H - Interior board as per detail I - Wooden strapping J - 39X80mm wooden strapping K - Copper plate sheathing L - Steel L angle as per detail M - Copper plate sheathing under cladding N - 6X50mm steel flat bar 50mm concrete topping O P - 20mm plywood insulation Q - 150mm thick expanded polystrene insulation R - Concrete cantilever slab

O P Q R

PHA DRA

SCALE: 1” = 1’ 0”

DRA S-W

Architect: Shim Sutcliffe Architects A

Outside

B

Inside

C

Landscape Architect: NAK Design Group

G

E

A - 1 B - 4 C - 2 sh D - C E - 6 F - 3 G - 2 sh H - In I - W J - 3 K - C L - S M - C u N - 6 5 O P - 2 Q - 1 p R - C

Civil Works: Masongsong Associates

C D

Lege

Structural Engineers: Blackwell Structural

H

F

O

L

G

P

B

H

Q O

I

R

P

WONG DAI SIN TEMPLE 378 Steeles Avenue East Markham Ontario Canada

Q

TEAM MEMBERS

R

J K

Kiran Balakrishna

KEY SECTION Scale 1/2”=1’ 0”

N

Outside

SCA

Rachael Carstens Rayvon Whitehead

Archi Shim

Struct Black

Inside

Civil W Maso

C

Lands NAK D

G H J

L

K

B

O P Q R

L

WO SIN

378 Mark

TEA

M J

N

K N

South-West Slab Detail

115

KEY SECTION Scale 1/2”=1’ 0”

Kira

Rac Ray

Horizontal Axonometric Section

116

DRAWING NAME: N-W SLAB DETAIL A

Legend: A - 12mm double glazed fixed glass with aluminium frame B - 50mm concrete topping C - 150mm thick expanded polystrene insulation D - Concrete cantilever slab E - 20mm plywood sheathing F - Insulation membrane G - 39X80mm wooden battens H - 6X50mm steel flat bar I - 40X150mm wooden truss bolted to the slab J - 20mm plywood sheathing K - Steel L angle as per detail L - Copper plate sheathing M - 6X50mm steel flat bar N - 20mm exterior plywood sheathing O - Aluminium box section

B

PHA DR

C D

SCALE: 1” = 1’ 0” E

Architect: Shim Sutcliffe Architects

A

F

Structural Engineers: Blackwell Structural

G

Civil Works: Masongsong Associates Landscape Architect: NAK Design Group

A

Outside

H

Inside

WONG DAI SIN TEMPLE

I O K

J

G F L N I

378 Steeles Avenue East Markham Ontario Canada

TEAM MEMBERS

B C L

M

D

Kiran Balakrishna

KEY SECTION Scale 1/2”=1’ 0”

D

Rachael Carstens Rayvon Whitehead

E N

F

DRA N-W

Leg A B C D E F G H I

-

J K L M N

-

O -

SCA

Arch Shim

Struc Blac

G

Civil Mas

Land NAK

A

Outside

H

Inside

W SI

I J

G F L N I

378 Mar

TE

D

North-West Slab Detail

117

KEY SECTION Scale 1/2”=1’ 0”

Kir

Ra Ray

South-East Axonometric View

118

DRAWING NAME: N-W ROOF DETAIL

B

C

Legend:

E F G H I J

K L A

G H I Q P

D

A C B M N

E

G

I J

N

K L T

P

Leg

Structural Engineers: Blackwell Structural

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R

Landscape Architect: NAK Design Group

H

O

DRA N-W

Architect: Shim Sutcliffe Architects

Civil Works: Masongsong Associates

F

M

PHA DR

SCALE: 1” = 1’ 0”

B

C

-

100X100X6mm L-angle Plywood sheathing with cover 150X150mm box section Bitumen waterproofing 39X80mm wooden battens Insulation membrane Metal flashing 50mm protection board Insulation membrane Structural steel beam Aluminium channels Gypsum fasleceiling panels 6X50mm steel flat bar Copper plate sheathing 20mm plywood sheathing 100X100X6mm L-angle Sheet roofing 20mm exterior plywood sheathing S - Steel L angle as per detail T - 12mm double glazed fixed glass with aluminium frame

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R

D

Q

WONG DAI SIN TEMPLE 378 Steeles Avenue East Markham Ontario Canada

R

K

Outside

Inside

Kiran Balakrishna

KEY SECTION Scale 1/2”=1’ 0”

S

S T -

TEAM MEMBERS

L

Rachael Carstens Rayvon Whitehead

SCA G H I Q P

A C B M N

T

-

Arch Shim

Struc Blac

Civil Mas

Land NAK

K L T

W SI

378 Mar

Outside

TE

Inside KEY SECTION Scale 1/2”=1’ 0”

North-West Roof Detail

119

Kir

Ra Ray

Slab Edge Detail

120

DRAWING NAME: S-W FIN EDGE DETAIL

A

Legend: A - 12mm double glazed fixed glass with aluminium frame B - 40X150mm metal studs C - 20mm plywood sheathing D - 6X50mm steel flat bar E - Copper plate sheathing F - Aluminium box section G - Interior board as per detail H - 20mm plywood sheathing I - 12X12mm plywood edge J - 6mm plywood cover K - 50mm concrete topping L - 150mm thick expanded polystrene insulation M - Concrete cantilever slab N - 20mm plywood cover O - Insulation membrane P - 39X80mm wooden battens Q - 40X150mm wooden truss R - Copper plate sheathing S - 6X50mm steel flat bar T - 20mm plywood sheathing

B

C D E

B J H A

F

Inside

H

SCALE: 1” = 1’ 0”

DRA S-W

Architect: Shim Sutcliffe Architects

A G

PHA DRA

Lege A -

Structural Engineers: Blackwell Structural

I J

Civil Works: Masongsong Associates

B

Outside

Landscape Architect: NAK Design Group

E

E C E

K

C

L

S

D

M

Kiran Balakrishna

KEY PLAN Scale 1/2”=1’ 0”

O

378 Steeles Avenue East Markham Ontario Canada

TEAM MEMBERS

E N

WONG DAI SIN TEMPLE

Rachael Carstens Rayvon Whitehead

B J H A

B C D E F G H I J K L

-

M N O P Q R S T

-

SCA

Arch Shim

P

Inside

Struc Blac

Civil Mas Outside

Land NAK

Q R

E

S

E C

T

E

S

W SI

378 Mark

TEA KEY PLAN Scale 1/2”=1’ 0”

South-West Fin Edge Detail

121

Kir

Rac Ray

T H E

S I N E

W A V E

CREATIVE PLAY 1: DESIGNING WITH AUGMENTED REALITY College Team Instructor Module Year

: : : : :

Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA Kiran Balakrishna, Ameya Yawalkar Keith Kasemen Advance production Fall 2019

The project deals to design, refine, fabricate and finish a material construct utilizing digital fabrication tools and to further develop interoperable Fologram (augmented reality mobile application) interfaces that align with the material construct fabricated in categories of spatial information including notational, annotational, spatial analysis, and constructive geometric systems.

122

Tween meshes in augmented reality

123

Material construct: Waffle sine wave fabricated using 3d CNC routing

124

1. Tween meshes

2. Scaled geometry

125

3. Stepped cubes

4. Interweaving tubes

126

5. Core ribs

6. Reset

127

THE INTERLOCKING CELLS CREATIVE PLAY 2: FABRICATE WITH AUGMENTED REALITY College Team Instructor Module Year

: : : : :

Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA Kiran Balakrishna, Ameya Yawalkar Keith Kasemen Advance production Fall 2019

The project comprises of advanced integrations of digital design and production technologies. The key objective was to practice how to both learn and utilize advanced digital design and production techniques in preparation for work to be executed as a final project. The process involved design, iterative development, fabrication and assembly of a physical spatial construct, utilizing a focussed set of materials, CNC and manual production tools in the digital fabrication lab.

Within a prescribed list of performance, dimension, material, automation requirements and inoperability criteria.

This material assembly incorporated augmented reality using grasshopper and fologram into design intents, production workflows. The construct was build out of 1/4� plywood and acrylic sheets. All the prototype details are scripted on grasshopper to enable flexibility. The construct was assembled with the step by step aid from fologram showcasing it’s potential to be utilized for complex physical constructs.

128

Different parameters involved in module prototyping

129

Module derivation

Acrylic centre to welcome light into the structure

1/4� plywood base with slot fabricated using CNC mill

Final module detailed design

130

3d view of fully assembled construct with 2d modules

131

Iteration 1: Exploding lines

Iteration 2: Electric charges

Iteration 3: Metamorphosis

132

Iteration 4: Visualizing an architectural space

133

Assembly of physical construct with step by step aid from fologram

134

Augmented reality iteration over physical construct through fologram mobile application

135

T H E

C I N C T U R E

CRITICAL STUDY: WTC TRANSIT HUB, NEW YORK CITY College Team Instructor Module Year

: : : : :

Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA Kiran Balakrishna, Ameya Yawalkar, Manushi Sheth Kurt Hong Media and Modeling Fall 2019

The objective of the study was to inspect an architectural project (WTC Transit Hub) and dissect it in terms of its geometry, form and building systems. The analysis was further used to generate a grasshopper script to portray the anticipated parametric logic applied to it to generate it’s 2 dimensional, 3-dimensional parti, and to create variations using different input parameters.

136

Cincture - An enclosure, or the act of enclosing, encircling or encompassing.

137

a

b

a

b

Ra

diu

sA a

CP B

c

d

Step 1

c

Step 2

d

Step 3

a

b

a

b

c

d

c

d

Step 4

A

CP

Step 5

Step 6

Step 7

Step 10

Step 11

r1 r2

Step 8

Step 9

2d parti analysis

138

use 2d enevelope parti as the base geometry

divide with number of fins using divide curve and join the corresponding points with 2 point lines

extrude curves along z axis

intersecting planes and central curve to obtain mid points

project skylight curves on the envelope loft using project brep

use line sdl to generate lines projecting perpendicular to the skylight

move the end points of the line along z direction using graph mapper

use 2 points line to connect the end points of the fin

join lines between the fins and the ribs from 3d parti

move lines from ribs to define the thickness

move lines from the fins and fillet the outer vertice to generate the frame of the component

make surface using extrude

mirror to complete the parti

extract curves from 2d parti

loft curves to derive the entrance

intersecting extruded base rectangle from the loft

3d parti // Building system - Structural fins

139

use enelope loft to project the skylight curve

enable fins to overlay with the projected curves

use split with brep to derive the width of the window

use loft to derive the profile of the window

offset on surface to derive the window frame

mirror to complete the parti

use extrude and move to generatethe capping beam

3d parti // Building system - Window glazing

140

Using curves derived from the 3D parti

dividing curves and interpolating to generate profiles

lofting curves to obtain the outer shell of the oculus

Using skylight profile from the 2d parti

projecting profile on the loft

using teen curves to derive the median of the 2 curves

dividing curves and joining using 2 point line

generating the surface using loft

using offset brep to derive the frame

3d parti // Building system - Oculus skylight

141

M I S C E L L A N E O U S D E TA I L E D

D R AW I N G S - I N T E R N S H I P

142

Library with ATM cubicles

Swimming pool with pavillion

Container toilets

Low range unit

Medium range unit Mode 1

Medium range unit Mode 2

High range unit Mode 1

High range unit Mode 2

High range unit Mode 3

Container pod hotel

Container hotel Mode 1

Container hotel Mode 2

Container housing illustrations // Studio OKE

143

Entrance portico details // Balan and Nambisan Architects

1

TYPICAL PLAN

2

SECTION AA'

SCALE

SCALE

3

DETAIL AT A

4

DETAIL AT B

SCALE

SCALE

1:5

1:5

1:50

5

1:50

VIEW SCALE

Staircase flooring details // Balan and Nambisan Architects

144

1:100

1

D6 - ELEVATION

3

D6 - TYPICAL PLAN

SCALE

SCALE

1:20

2

4

DETAIL AT A

5

DETAIL AT B

6

DETAIL AT B

SECTION AA' SCALE

SCALE

SCALE

1:5

1:5

1:20

1:20

SCALE

1:5

Typical double door details // Balan and Nambisan Architects

Spiral stairs details // Balan and Nambisan Architects

145

www.kiranbalakrishna.com