Kishore Palani - GIS Portfolio

GIS_Portfolio @Kishore_Palani

1

2

3

4

RVS Chennai | GIS_ Quarantine Gurukulam Tutors | Plr. Sravani Donga & Ar. Chandra Vadhana Location | Chennai Period | 5th Year[Pandemic 2020 - COVID-19]

5

“ One cannot make architecture without studying the condition of life in the city. �

-Aldo Rossi

6

Contents A.000/ INTRODUCTION A.001 /

About the author

B.000 /

STUDY CRITERIA

B.001 /

Study computation

C.000 /

METHODOLOGY

C.001 / C.002 / C.003 / C.004 / C.005 / C.006 / C.007 / C.008 / C.009/ C.010/

Digitalization Contour analysis Slope analysis Water flow direction Basins Flow accumulation Stream order Watershed area analysis Footprint analysis Buffer analysis

D.000/

DETAILED DESIGN

D.001 /

Learning objectives and outcomes

7

A.000/

INTRODUCTION

A.001/

About the author

My name is Kishore Palani and i’m a fifth year architecture student at RVS padhmavathy Chennai & designer at rat[LAB] Studio Delhi working on projects of various scales and typologies and contributing his evolving knowledge in the domain of Computational Design and Digital Fabrication. Graduating with one of the Innovative Project Awards at SMART LABS 1.0 in 2018. With my deep interests in exploring computational design tools integrating with digital fabrication, I have been teaching Computational Design and Digital Fabrication at rat[LAB]EDUCATION and Smart Labs Studio for tutorial support and fabrication.

My interest lies in Digital art and Computational design.

I have developed a recent attentiveness towards e Urban designing. I am keen in spreading education and awareness towards the same. My native hometown, Chennai, is rich with history and culture, but at the same time it has its own mournful story. Climate change is a phenomenon that is threatening the survival of the whole human race, yet alone my town. The danger of human activity which push people to live where pollution has left a void in the environment that is constantly looking to be filled with Life.

To address the urban sprawls to people through a digital frame where GIS is a wonderful tool for me to communicate. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) helping to understand spatial data of urban or Earth’s surface and to solve problems that involve spatial factors such as management of resources, crime mapping, establishing and monitoring routes, managing networks, locating properties that match specific criteria, mapping wildfire risk and preparedness.

8

: MYSELF

B.000/

STUDY CRITERIA

B.001/

Study computation

Remote Sensing : Terrain and Flow Mapping Chennai One of the important applications of remote sensing is the production of digital elevation models (DEMs). DEM is a representation of a surface created from terrain’s elevation data. This study uses ASTER imagery, which is a global database of DEM data. Any territory. regardless of its ground cover. vegetation. or manmade features. has characteristics and affordances that can be observed solely with DEM data. This study uses DEM data to create terrain composites and expand on this further by conducting hydrologic calculations on the surface model such as flow directions and flow accumulations.

9

C.001/

DIGITALIZATION

C.000/

METHODOLOGY

10

@Kishore_Palani11

C.002/

CONTOUR ANALYSIS

Contours are lines that connect locations of equal value in a raster dataset that represents continuous phenomena such as elevation, temperature, precipitation, pollution, or atmospheric pressure.

Contours are also a useful surface representation, because they allow you to simultaneously visualize flat and steep areas (distance between contours) and ridges and valleys (converging and diverging polylines).

C.000/ 12

METHODOLOGY

13

C.002/

CONTOUR ANALYSIS

The example below shows an input elevation dataset and the output contour dataset. The areas where the contours are closer together indicate the steeper locations. They correspond with the areas of higher elevation (in white on the input elevation dataset).

-56

C.000/ 14

-33

METHODOLOGY

15

C.003/

SLOPE ANALYSIS

In GIS mapping slope can be very important for a variety of reasons including suitability analysis, predictive modeling, and predicting potential hazards. Analyzing the terrain slope of a given location plays an important part in fields such as hydrology, site planning, conservation, and infrastructure development.

Slope can be calculated from a Digital Elevation Model which form an important part of many GIS datasets; equally important are the parameters and techniques used to calculate terrain slope as well as other analyses performed with a DEM

C.000/ 16

METHODOLOGY

17

C.004/

WATER FLOW DIRECTION

Flow direction determines which direction water will flow in a given cell. Based on the direction of the steepest descent in each cell, we measure flow direction. In addition, the z-value difference and slope are calculated between neighboring cells.

One of the keys to deriving hydrologic characteristics of a surface is the ability to determine the direction of flow from every cell in the raster.

C.000/ 18

METHODOLOGY

19

C.005/

BASINS

Is multipurpose environmental analysis to help regiional perform watershed and water amount. The drainage basins are delineated within the analysis window by identifying ridge lines between basins.

The input flow direction is analyzed to find all sets of connected cells that belong to the same drainage basin.

The drainage basins are created by locating the pour points at the edges of the analysis window (where water would pour out of the raster), as well as sinks, then identifying the contributing area above each pour point. This results in a of drainage basins.

C.000/ 20

METHODOLOGY

21

C.006/

FLOW ACCUMULATION

The Flow Accumulation tool calculates accumulated flow as the accumulated weight of all cells flowing into each downslope cell.

If no weight is provided, a weight of 1 is applied to each cell, and the value of cells in the output is the number of cells that flow into each cell.

Cells with a high flow accumulation are areas of concentrated flow and may be used to identify stream channels. Cells with a flow accumulation of 0 are local topographic highs and may be used to identify ridges

C.000/ 22

METHODOLOGY

23

C.007/

STREAM ORDER

Stream networks can be delineated from a digital elevation model (DEM) using the output from the Flow Accumulation tool. Flow accumulation in its simplest form is the number of upslope cells that flow into each cell Stream ordering is a method of assigning a numeric order to links in a stream network. This order is a method for identifying and classifying types of streams based on their numbers of tributaries. Some characteristics of streams can be inferred by simply knowing their order.

C.000/ 24

METHODOLOGY

25

C.008/

WATERSHED AREA ANALYSIS

A watershed is the upslope area that contributes flow— generally water—to a common outlet as concentrated drainage. It can be part of a larger watershed and can also contain smaller watersheds, called subbasins. The boundaries between watersheds are termed drainage divides. The outlet, or pour point, is the point on the surface at which water flows out of an area. It is the lowest point along the boundary of a watershed.

The boundary of a watershed is defined by the highest elevations surrounding a lake or river segment. A drop of water falling outside of the boundary will drain to another watershed.

5

C.000/ 26

METHODOLOGY

27

FOOTPRINT ANALYSIS

2019

C.009/

CHENNAI Urban footprint is measured through the quantification of paved surface that humans use. It is the amount of land required to sustain urban metabolism including the process of waste assimilation. The basic indicator to quantify urban footprint is the proportion of built up and the reduction of other land use types. The physical growth of urban areas happens as a result of rural migration and even suburban concentration into cities in response to the urbanisation process. Urbanization in India is taking place with the increase in urban population which is growing at around 2.3 percent per annum.

Understanding the dynamics of urban expansion is

C.000/ 28

METHODOLOGY

critical for providing basic amenities and infrastructure.

Unplanned urbanization results in overcrowding, lack of requisite infrastructure and basic amenities to all sections of the society, traffic congestions, enhanced pollution levels, reduced assimilative capability of the ecosystems. Consequence of uncontrolled urbanization is the sprawl or dispersed growth in the region. Planned urbanization requires spatial data for longer time periods.

2020 [COVID-19]

CHENNAI For a correct Urban Footprint evaluation, it is not only important to be able to quantify its dimension, but also how the density is distributed in its interior. It is possible to identify different types of cities according to their pressure on the territory, for example the models with a large urban footprint and low density are less efficient and they increase the territory impact compared to other cities where the urban density is bigger and the extension smaller.

For this reason, in the current context of constant urban growth,the study of the Urban Footprint helps us,

assuming that cities are indeterminate and unpredictable organisms, to improve the urban knowledge to guide how to design future resilience strategies.Understanding the dynamics of urban expansion is critical for providing basic amenities and infrastructure. Unplanned urbanization results in overcrowding, lack of requisite infrastructure and basic amenities to all sections of the society, traffic congestions, enhanced pollution levels, reduced assimilative capability of the ecosystems.

Consequence of uncontrolled urbanization is the sprawl or dispersed growth in the region. Planned urbanization requires spatial data for longer time periods.

29

C.010/

BUFFER ANALYSIS

CHENNAI

Buffer analysis creates buffer polygon to a specified distance around the point, line or polygon features. You can identify whether there are objects of interest inside or outside the zone and make conclusions based on this analysis. Buffering usually creates two areas: one area that is within a specified distance to selected real world features and the other area that is beyond. The area that is within the specified distance is called the buffer zone.

There are several variations in buffering. The buffer distance or buffer size can vary according to numerical values provided in the vector layer attribute table for each feature. The numerical values have to be defined in map units according to the Coordinate Reference System (CRS) used with the data. For example, the width of a buffer zone along the banks of a river can vary depending on the intensity of the adjacent land use. For intensive cultivation the buffer distance may be bigger than for organic farming.

C.000/ 30

METHODOLOGY

31

D.000/

DETAILED DESIGN

D.001/ Learning objectives and outcomes

It’s very interesting while learning and travelling with urban planner and designer, it was a great learning experience and thoroughly testing varies analysis in real urban conditions. The methodology followed while doing analysis which teaches new teams and new aspects of urban space which changes my perspective towards an urban issue.

32

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: Thanks to Plr. Sravani Donga & Ar. Chandra Vadhana for tutoring my(our) studio over the semester. and providing valuable feedbacks and support.

Thanks to RVS School of Architecture for conducting Finishing school - GIS as a part of academic program.

33

34

35

36