(Moon Jae-in President of the Republic of Korea)SELECTED SPEECHES Ⅲ May10.2019 - May10.2020_english by KOCIS

SELECTED SPEECHES Ⅲ

Moon Jae-in

President of the Republic of Korea

SELECTED SPEECHES Ⅲ

Moon Jae-in President of the Republic of Korea

May 10, 2019 − May 10, 2020

Moon Jae-in

President of the Republic of Korea

SELECTED SPEECHES Ⅲ May 10, 2019 − May 10, 2020

Special Talk with President to Mark Two Years in Office May 9, 2019

2. Address at Sweden’s Riksdag June 14, 2019 3. “Manufacturing Renaissance Vision” Declaration Ceremony June 19, 2019 4. Welcoming Dinner for U.S. President Donald Trump at Cheong Wa Dae June 29, 2019

5. Visit to Parts and Materials Production Site August 7, 2019 6. 74th Liberation Day Ceremony August 15, 2019 7. Address at United Nations Climate Action Summit September 23, 2019

8. 71st Armed Forces Day Ceremony October 1, 2019 9. Foreign Diplomatic Corps Reception at Cheong Wa Dae October 18, 2019 10. Town Hall 2019: Answering People's Question November 19, 2019

11. Welcoming Dinner for 2019 ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit in Busan November 25, 2019 12. ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit November 26, 2019 13. 1st Mekong-ROK Summit November 27, 2019

14. 2020 New Year Press Conference January 14, 2020 15. Pan-Government COVID-19 Countermeasures Meeting February 23, 2020 16. 101st March First Independence Movement Day Ceremony March 1, 2020

Preface We have compiled the speeches and remarks delivered to the people by the President during the third year of the Moon Jae-in Administration. This volume is a history and record of how each and every day of the past year has been dynamic and in desperate need of national unity. The Presidentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s compassionate concern for the people can be felt more strongly and ardently than ever. As we marked the 100th anniversary of both the March First Independence Movement and the founding of the Provisional Republic of Korea Government last year, we ushered in the New Year by taking on a challenge to build a nation in which all of the people prosper together. Even though we faced an economic crisis caused by Japanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s export restrictions, our people turned that crisis into an opportunity. We have achieved the localized production of materials, parts and equipment. In the spirit of the March First Independence Movement, we have also laid the solid foundation for a nation that cannot be shaken. The improvements in three key employment indicators amid difficult domestic and international economic conditions are attributable to the people, who have patiently maintained their trust in the Governmentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s policies. The Government has made significant efforts to promote new industries, a fair economy and innovative growth while labor, management and local governments have joined forces to create mutually beneficial local jobs. Through this process, hope has risen that we can emerge as an inclusive nation, and confidence has been gained that Korea can take the lead in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

Inter-Korean relations did not see very much progress last year, but the fact that our people could experience actual inter-Korean reconciliation through the opening of the DMZ Peace Trail was by no means a small advancement. President Moon has briskly engaged in diplomacy on multiple international fronts to promote peace on the Korean Peninsula and diversify trade. The most meaningful achievement was enhancing Korea’s global status by successfully hosting the ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit and the Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit. However, what we must remember the most is how the people have voluntarily participated in the efforts to overcome COVID-19 and how medical professionals have dedicated themselves to testing and treatment. Many parts of these speeches contain the President’s gratitude and sense of pride in the people. I, too, would like to express here my respect for our people who are surmounting the crisis with a high level of civic consciousness. Compiled in this third volume of President Moon’s speeches are his major addresses, remarks from meetings and events released from May 10, 2019, to May 10, 2020. These reflect a new Republic of Korea that the people have created together. This collection will remain as a chronicle of not just the remarks of the President but vivid accounts of the people and how they continue on with their lives. The Moon Jae-in Administration will always stand together with the people on the basis of mutual benefit and solidarity. For the remaining two years, we will do everything we can to faithfully record the lives of the people day after day to make the proud history of the Republic of Korea. May 2020 Noh Young-min Chief of Staff to the President

Notes 1. This volume of selected speeches by the President in his third year in office categorizes major events from the past year. To help readers gain a more comprehensive and multi-dimensional understanding about overall state affairs, the category has been divided into main topics and sub topics. For a chronological list of the speeches, please check the index in the last chapter of this volume. 2. In this volume, all place names and those personal names are spelled in accordance with the Revised Romanization of Korean by the National Institute of Korean Language. Ex) PyeongChang (평창), Panmunjeom (판문점) 3. The full standard names of provinces and other places on the Korean Peninsula are romanized according to Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism guidelines (so nonnative speakers are able to pronounce the names in ways the Korean population can readily understand). In the first reference, key Korean descriptive words appear again in translation for clarity. Afterward, the translated portions are removed to avoid needless repetition. Ex) “경상북도” and “백두산” are “Gyeongsangbuk-do Province” and “Baekdusan Mountain” upon first reference, but simply “Gyeongsangbuk-do” and “Baekdusan” thereafter.

Contents

026

Special Address by President Moon Jae-in to Mark Three Years in Office

038

Anniversaries of National Events

040

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 39th Anniversary of May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement

047

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 64th Memorial Day

055

Address by President Moon Jae-in on Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s 74th Liberation Day

066

Address by President Moon Jae-in at 71st Armed Forces Day

072

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 40th Anniversary of Busan-Masan Democratic Protests

078

2020 New Yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Address by President Moon Jae-in

091

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 101st March First Independence Movement Day

099

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 5th West Sea Defense Day

104

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 72nd Anniversary Memorial Ceremony in Honor of Victims of Jeju April 3 Incident

111

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 101st Anniversary of Founding of Provisional Republic of Korea Government

118

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 60th Anniversary of April 19 Revolution

124

Response to COVID-19

126

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting to Check Measures against New Coronavirus Infections

130

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting with His Senior Secretaries

134

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 5th Cabinet Meeting

138

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Special Meeting in Daegu for COVID-19 Countermeasures

140

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 1st Emergency Economic Council Meeting

144

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 2nd Emergency Economic Council Meeting

147

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting with Producers of COVID-19 Diagnostic Kits Approved for Emergency Use

150

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at G20 2020 Extraordinary Virtual Leaders Summit

154

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 3rd Emergency Economic Council Meeting

157

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in during Visit to Gumi National Industrial Complex

161

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting to Discuss Provision of Emergency Financing to Businesses and Microbusiness Owners

164

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 4th Emergency Economic Council Meeting

168

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Meeting with Industry, Academia, Research Institutions and Hospitals to Develop COVID-19 Treatments and Vaccine

Contents

172

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Special ASEAN Plus Three Summit

176

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 5th Emergency Economic Council Meeting

180

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 22nd Cabinet Meeting

184

Economy Economic Policy

186

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 2019 National Fiscal Strategy Meeting

192

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s 2nd Social Economy Fair

198

Address by President Moon Jae-in at National Assembly to Propose Government Budget for 2020

211

Congratulatory Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 56th Trade Day Ceremony

Local Jobs 217

Congratulatory Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for Mutually Beneficial Job Creation Investment Agreement in Gumi

223

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for Mutually Beneficial, Gunsan-type Jobs Agreement

228

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for Mutually Beneficial Busan-type Jobs Agreement

Innovative Growth 233

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Biohealth National Vision Proclamation Ceremony (9th Stop of Nationwide Economic Tour: Chungcheongbuk-do Province)

239

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Manufacturing Renaissance Vision Declaration Ceremony

247

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Presentation of Three Strategies for Innovative Content Industry

253

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for Samsung Displayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s New Investment Agreement

258

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Presentation of New Maritime and Fishing Industry Innovation Strategy

263

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Future Car Industry National Vision Declaration Ceremony

269

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Eco-friendly Automobile Export Port

Materials, Parts and Equipment 274

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Emergency Cabinet Meeting

278

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in During Visit to Parts and Materials Production Site

282

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for New Carbon Fiber Investment Agreement in Jeollabuk-do Province

288

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Cabinet Meeting on Competitiveness of Materials, Parts and Equipment Industries

Contents

294

Social Policy

296

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 24th Environment Day Ceremony

303

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in Presenting Achievements of National Health Insurance Coverage Expansion Policy upon Its Second Anniversary

309

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in on 13th World Korean Day

314

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Ministerial Meeting on Education Reform

319

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting with His Senior Secretaries

323

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Luncheon with Presidential Commission on Centennial Anniversary of March 1st Independence Movement and Korea Provisional Government

328

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 3rd Cabinet Meeting

332

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Reforestation Site in Gangwon-do Province

336

Foreign Policy/National Security State · Official Visit

338

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-Finland Summit

342

Keynote Speech by President Moon Jae-in at Oslo Forum “Peace for the People”

352

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-Norway Summit

356

Address by President Moon Jae-in at Riksdag of Sweden “Trust for Denuclearization and Peace on the Korean Peninsula”

365

Keynote Address by President Moon Jae-in at Sweden-Korea Business Summit

371

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-Sweden Summit

375

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Republic of Korea-Kingdom of Thailand Summit

379

Keynote Speech by President Moon Jae-in at Thailand-Korea Business Forum

385

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Republic of Korea-Republic of the Union of Myanmar Summit

389

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Ceremony in Laos to Unveil “Republic of Korea-Mekong Vision”

Contents

Multilateral Summits 392

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at First Session of 14th G20 Summit in Osaka, Japan

395

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in as Lead Speaker at Third Session of 14th G20 Summit in Osaka, Japan

398

Address by President Moon Jae-in at Preparation Event for P4G Summit

402

Address by President Moon Jae-in at 74th Session of United Nations General Assembly

410

Concluding Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at ASEAN Plus Three Summit

414

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 14th East Asia Summit

418

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 3rd RCEP Summit

420

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Korea-Japan-China Business Summit

425

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-Japan-China Summit

Foreign Policy 428

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-U.S. Summit

431

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 26th Cabinet Meeting

434

Keynote Address by President Moon Jae-in at Korea-Spain Business Forum

439

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Republic of Korea-Kingdom of Sweden Business Summit

444

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting with His Senior Secretaries

448

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

450

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Cabinet Meeting

454

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Groundbreaking Ceremony for Busan Eco Delta Smart City

458

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 2019 ASEAN-ROK CEO Summit

464

Welcoming Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at ASEAN-ROK Culture Innovation Summit

467

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit

470

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at ASEAN-ROK Startup Summit and Innovative Growth Showcase

475

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit

479

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

482

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

486

Message from President Moon Jae-in upon Concluding ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit and Mekong-ROK Summit

489

INDEX

Selected Speeches â&#x2026;¢

Special Address by President Moon Jae-in to Mark Three Years in Office

May 10, 2020

Special Address by President Moon Jae-in to Mark Three Years in Office

Fellow Koreans, It has been three years since I took office. Over these past three years, I have administered state affairs with the aspirations of the candlelight protesters in my heart. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve walked on the path toward fairness and justice, innovation and inclusiveness, and peace and prosperity. Every single day, I have felt like I am walking on thin ice. There have been many difficult moments, but whenever these have come, people have inspired and encouraged me. I am profoundly grateful to the people for sending unwavering support. For the remaining two years, I will work on state affairs with even firmer determination. Until the moment I complete my term, I will, with a strong sense of responsibility, do everything possible to fulfill the duty that the people and history have entrusted to me. Fellow Koreans, We are now standing at the center of rapid global changes. An invisible virus is transforming the world in its entirety. It is fundamentally changing our daily lives and pushing the world economy into an unprecedented crisis. It is also bringing about enormous changes not only in the socioeconomic structures of nations but also in the international order.

Special Address by President Moon Jae-in to Mark Three Years in Office

We cannot avoid these changes, even though we want to. There is no option but to tackle them head on and break through. There is a saying, “Heaven never helps the men who will not act.” We will overcome crises with extraordinary commitment and courage. Taking it a step further, we will turn crises into opportunities. Opportunities go to the ones who seek them and the ones who take on challenges. We will join the people to wisely find our way and boldly face challenges. We will take the current crisis as a driving force for new opportunities and development. Our goal goes beyond “a global Republic of Korea.” Our goal is “a Republic of Korea that takes the lead in the world.” That is the new Republic of Korea to which we’ve aspired. We have already become a country leading the world in infectious disease prevention and control. Korea’s COVID-19 response has become a global standard. The national status of the Republic of Korea and the people’s pride are higher than ever. All of this has been driven by the dedication of infectious disease prevention and control authorities and medical professionals, the willing participation of countless volunteers and the people who have demonstrated to the fullest a spirit of solidarity and cooperation. We have firmly defended the infectious disease prevention and control frontlines based on the strength of our people and have been winning the war against the virus. With our COVID-19 situation entering the stabilization phase, we have now transitioned to a new normal in which safety precautions against the virus and daily lives can be simultaneously maintained. However, it doesn’t mean that we are back to the time before the COVID-19 outbreak. The infection cluster which recently occurred in entertainment facilities has raised awareness that, even during the stabilization phase, similar situations can arise again anytime, anywhere in an enclosed, crowded space. It’s not over until it’s over. While keeping enhanced alertness till the end, we must never lower our guard regarding infectious disease prevention and control. Nevertheless, there's no reason to stand still out of fear. If we do not let our guard down, our infectious disease prevention and control system can fully control and manage the spread of the virus. We have the right infectious disease prevention and control and medical systems combined with experience to respond quickly to any unexpected infection clusters that might occur.

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May 10, 2020

It will be a long time before the COVID-19 outbreak has ended completely. We should also brace for the pandemic’s second wave, which many experts are predicting. However, we cannot afford to keep waiting until then to return to normal daily lives. Although combating the virus is the starting point for economic recovery, it will not be nearly enough to resolve the issues surrounding people’s livelihoods. The Government will meticulously handle the COVID-19 situation, keeping in mind that we are in a prolonged war. I ask everyone to comply with safety precautions and rules until the situation is over even after resuming daily lives. I hope all of us will join together to succeed in meeting this new challenge of maintaining virus safety precautions amid our daily routines. If our people exert their full capabilities once more, I am convinced that our transition to normal daily lives will also become a model for the world to emulate. We have already reaffirmed that our infectious disease prevention and control and healthcare systems are among the best in the world. This is the result of having developed response systems that draw on our experiences from the SARS and MERS outbreaks. We will reinforce our infectious disease prevention and control system further to become the undisputed “No.1” epidemic response country leading the world. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention will be upgraded to the Disease Control and Prevention Administration to strengthen its expertise and independence. It will be staffed with more professionals, and a local epidemic response system will be established to make up for any insufficient provincial capabilities. With the National Assembly’s approval, we will establish a system for two vice ministers within the Ministry of Health and Welfare. We will also push to establish hospitals specialized in treating infectious diseases and a national infectious disease research center. In addition, we will significantly enhance our public healthcare system and ability to respond to infectious diseases to build a safer Republic of Korea. These tasks are very urgent if we are to prepare for the second epidemic wave that experts predict will hit this fall or winter. I ask for the National Assembly’s swift cooperation. Fellow Koreans, It is the economy that matters. This current economic crisis is being compared to the Great Depression 100 years ago.

Special Address by President Moon Jae-in to Mark Three Years in Office

The world economy has ground to a halt. Factories have stopped producing, and the number of jobless people is rapidly increasing. As borders are closed and exchanges are blocked, global supply chains are disintegrating and trade is declining sharply worldwide. Countries are facing the worst negative growth rates since the Great Depression. We are in a situation with no bottom and no end in sight. The damage to our economy is indeed colossal as well. As exports plunged in April, our trade recorded a deficit for the first time in 99 months. The service industry contraction, which began in tourism and travel and dining and lodging, is expanding into a manufacturing industry crisis. As even our key industries and flagship businesses, which have remained relatively strong, are facing increasing difficulties, more and more of these businesses are urgently requesting financial support. The employment shock is also growing as time passes. Unemployment fears are spreading beyond self-employed small business owners, non-permanent workers and day laborers to affect almost all employees, including full-time employees and those at mid-market companies and large businesses. This is undeniably an “economic wartime situation.” I’d like to give my deepest consolation to the people who are enduring this difficult situation. The Government will concentrate all of its capabilities on overcoming the economic crisis. We will take the hands of those on the edge of a precipice. We will serve as a buttress safeguarding the lives and jobs of the people. As an unconventional and expedited emergency prescription, the Government has injected 245 trillion won – more than 10 percent of the nation’s GDP – into support for businesses and employment measures. The Government is now preparing the third supplementary budget following the first and second. We will resolutely brace for any bigger shocks ahead. The Government will utilize all available resources and policies. We will use our relatively rapid stabilization of the COVID-19 outbreak and the transition to a new normal as a turning point for enhancing economic vitality. We will move up the timetable for boosting consumption and recovering tourism as well as redouble our efforts to promote investment. We will provide enhanced support to help the manufacturing industry regain vitality and promptly implement measures to shore up contracted local economies.

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May 10, 2020

I hope the people, as the principal economic players, will also actively engage in consumption and economic activities while complying with infectious disease prevention and control guidelines and rules. Like our efforts to combat the virus, overcoming the economic crisis can be successful if the people pull together. I believe in our people who have in their DNA the ability to overcome a crisis. The Government, along with the people, will also set an example for the world with how we overcome this economic crisis. Fellow Koreans, The post-COVID-19 global economic order is by no means a rosy picture. We have vividly witnessed how fragile the international community’s solidarity and cooperation is in the face of this virus. The reality is grave, indeed. Nationalism driven by the pursuit of one country’s own survival may expand further. The division of labor in the era of globalization, which has been driving economic development worldwide to date, is under threat. It is also a very serious challenge to our economy, which has grown through openness and cooperation. If we fail to turn this crisis into an opportunity, we cannot survive. It’s a desperate time; we must prepare for the future in a preemptive manner. Fellow Koreans, For the remainder of my term in office, I will do my best to turn crises into opportunities while fully devoting myself to overcoming this national crisis along with the people. I will strive to pave the way for the Republic of Korea to take the lead globally. First, we will blaze a trail in the post-COVID-19 era with a pace-setting economy. Our country has excellent infrastructure and is ranked “No.1” worldwide for competitive edge in the ICT sector. Our competitiveness and potential in the bio industry have been reaffirmed. We have strengths in post-COVID-19-related industries such as non-face-to-face medical services, online education and transactions, infectious disease prevention and control and the bio industry. We have ample capabilities to lead the digital economy by combining Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data.

Special Address by President Moon Jae-in to Mark Three Years in Office

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May 10, 2020

We will work to help the Republic of Korea emerge as a globally leading “digital powerhouse” with innovative business ventures and startups serving as the main driving force. We will create future growth engines by fostering three new growth industries – system semiconductors, biohealth and future cars – more vigorously. The Republic of Korea has become the safest and most transparent production base in the world. Countries around the world have now begun to prefer innovative capabilities and safe investment destinations to cheap labor. This presents a golden opportunity for us. We will push ahead with bold strategies to attract high-tech industries and investments from overseas as well as to help Korean companies return from abroad. The Republic of Korea will become a “world factory of high-tech industries,” thereby changing the global industrial map. Second, we will further improve our employment safety net by significantly expanding the application of employment insurance and implementing an employment support program. We will keep the lives of all our people safe from unemployment and threats to their livelihoods. In history, human beings have expanded welfare and strengthened safety nets in times of crisis. The United States laid the foundation for its social security system while going through the Great Depression, and our country introduced a national basic living security system earlier than planned while striving to overcome the 1997 foreign exchange crisis. The current COVID-19 crisis calls for further strengthening our still-vulnerable employment safety net. The Government will establish the cornerstone for an era of universal employment insurance which will benefit everyone employed. We will push to allow low-wage, non-permanent workers who are presently not covered to sign up for the insurance as soon as possible. We will work to quickly bring employment insurance to those currently not-covered – the self-employed contract workers, platform workers, freelancers and artists, among others. Through a social agreement, we will also gradually expand the eligibility for the insurance to cover all of the self-employed.

Special Address by President Moon Jae-in to Mark Three Years in Office

Expanding the employment safety net is an essential task to bolster our economy’s dynamism as well. The laws and system will be overhauled to broaden the range of eligible employment insurance subscribers step by step. The National Assembly’s understanding and cooperation are very important. I ask the Assembly to support this through legislation. Moreover, the employment support program – a Korean-style unemployment allowance – will be implemented as quickly as possible. The program will provide job training and other customized employment support to low-income households, young adults and self-employed small business owners and offer jobseekers stipends to facilitate employment and other types of income. If employment insurance is the primary employment safety net, the employment support program is a secondary one. It is an essential employment safety net for jobseekers and those who have been unemployed for a long time. A legislative bill has already been submitted to the National Assembly following an agreement at the Economic, Social and Labor Council. I urge the National Assembly to pass it as soon as possible. Third, we will push ahead with a Korean version of the New Deal as a national project to create jobs. The Government will present new opportunities for the people by creating new jobs. The Korean version of the New Deal is a preemptive investment for the future, designed to establish digital infrastructure. The early establishment of 5G infrastructure and the building of infrastructure to collect, accumulate and use data will be pursued as national projects. Non-face-to-face industries related to medical services, education and retail distribution will be intensively fostered. The large-scale job creation project will be actively pursued: Cities and industrial complexes, roads and transportation networks, and aging national infrastructure will be combined with artificial intelligence and digital technology in order to make them smart. We will harmonize the process to fully uphold the important value of not only protecting personal information but also securing a public service role for medical services and education. The Government will expand public investment and strengthen private sector cooperation to create new jobs. In addition to overcoming the crisis, we will put in place a foothold to help our economy transition into that of a pace-setter. We will actively generate new quality jobs through bold and creative planning and fast and decisive implementation.

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May 10, 2020

Fourth, we will lead an international order of solidarity and cooperation that prioritizes people’s lives and safety. The creative methods and principles of openness, transparency and democracy that we have shown in our efforts to combat the virus have become a world-class success model. Our society has created this together as a whole. Actions like volunteering and donating combined with the spirit of solidarity and cooperation have established the Republic of Korea’s national status and become a source of international leadership. A favorable assessment by the international community has significantly expanded Korea’s diplomatic horizon. Our country now stands at the center of international cooperation, and the Republic of Korea’s status on multilateral stages such as G20 and ASEAN Plus Three has risen beyond recognition. We will make the most of this opportunity. Building upon successful infectious disease prevention and control efforts, we will lead international cooperation in the post-COVID-19 era while placing “human security” at the center. The concept of security today has expanded from conventional military security to human security that deals with all factors threatening safety such as disasters, diseases and environmental issues. We can cope with these only when all countries pull together through solidarity and cooperation. We will play a leading role so that Northeast Asia, ASEAN and the rest of the world can move forward toward the common goal of human security through solidarity and cooperation. I hope that South and North Korea will move toward a single community of life and a peace community by cooperating on human security. Fellow Koreans, Our people have begun to rediscover the Republic of Korea while fighting an arduous war against a virus. We’ve started saying that we are already an advanced country. Countries that we wanted to follow have started learning from us. We have set a standard and become a world-class nation. People have now begun to talk about the Republic of Korea’s greatness. It is a greatness that the people themselves have created. We have made concessions, showed consideration, banded together and cooperated. We have become stronger in this time of crisis. The people have been great. I am very proud of all of our people.

Special Address by President Moon Jae-in to Mark Three Years in Office

The crisis is not over yet, and an even bigger challenge remains. The Government will have an even more tremendous sense of responsibility. We will become the nation that surmounts this crisis the fastest. We will become an example and a leader for the world. We will stand tall in the world as a new Republic of Korea. Throughout the remainder of my term, I will move forward fearlessly together with our great people. Thank you.

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Selected Speeches â&#x2026;˘

Anniversaries of National Events

May 18, 2019

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 39th Anniversary of May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement

Fellow Koreans, Gwangju citizens and residents of Jeollanam-do Province, May has come as it inevitably does: May - when we miss those departed so dearly, May - which has not passed but still lives, and May - when sorrow blooms into courage. Honoring the souls of the democratic heroes of May who can never be forgotten, I offer my deepest sympathy to the injured and the bereaved families who have lived through hard times. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;d like to convey my extraordinary respect for Gwangju citizens and the residents of Jeollanamdo who are a living testament to what genuine love of country is all about. Next year will mark the 40th anniversary of the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement. Consequently, many have suggested that it might be better for the President to wait and attend the 40th anniversary ceremony. I, however, wanted to be sure and attend this yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ceremony. Thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s because I feel very sorry for Gwangju citizens and am genuinely ashamed and want to make an appeal to all Koreans. In particular, I want to say the following to the citizens of Gwangju and the residents of Jeollanam-do once more.

Anniversaries of National Events

As one of your countrymen living at the time, I deeply regret not having been able to stand with Gwangju when it was bleeding and dying in May 1980. As President, I deeply apologize once again, on behalf of the people, for the barbaric violence and massacre perpetrated in Gwangju by the state authority at that time. As a Korean, I feel tremendous shame when facing the reality of preposterous remarks denying and insulting the May 18 Democratization Movement still being uttered out loud without any hesitation. Personally, I regret that I still have not been able to keep my promise to have the spirit of the May 18 Democratization Movement included in the Preamble of the Constitution. My fellow Koreans, In May 1980, we saw Gwangju. We saw Gwangju crying out for democracy, Gwangju completely isolated, and Gwangju dying all alone.

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May 18, 2019

With the final screams from the citizen army defending the Jeollanam-do Office Building, that May in Gwangju has left us with a profound sense of indebtedness. The fact that we could not stand by Gwangju in May and that we neglected Gwangju being massacred has left indelible pain in those of us who were alive at that time. As such, we have gone through the pain of Gwangju together. Regardless of where we were at that time and whether our knowledge about what happened in Gwangju in May came early or late, we’ve all suffered the pain of Gwangju together. That sense of indebtedness and suffering served as the roots of the 1980s democratization movement, and the shouts of Gwangju citizens eventually led to the June Struggle in 1987. This was the nationwide culmination of the May 18 Democratization Movement. The democracy of the Republic of Korea is tremendously indebted to Gwangju. Nobody can deny this fact if he or she lived in the same period, suffered the same pain and harbored the aspirations for democracy shared by the citizens of the Republic of Korea. The truth about May 18 cannot differ between conservatives and liberals. That’s because the values that Gwangju struggled to protect were none other than “freedom” and “democracy.” The only ones who could view May 18 in a different light are the would-be heirs of dictatorship. Once called “the Gwangju Incident,” May 18 was officially defined as the “Gwangju Democratization Movement” in 1988 under the Roh Tae-woo Administration. The Kim Young-sam Administration enacted a special law in 1995 to redefine May 18 as the "Gwangju Democratization Movement" and eventually designated it a day for national commemoration in 1997. The Supreme Court also ruled that the new military junta's December 12 military coup d’etat and suppression of the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement constituted a military rebellion and treason and brought the main culprits behind the Gwangju massacre to justice.

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 39th Anniversary of May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement

My fellow Koreans, More than 20 years ago, we already reached a national consensus in this way about the historic significance and nature of the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement and brought relevant legal matters to a close. No more controversies about this issue are necessary now. They would simply be a meaningless waste. What we must do is to further develop our democracy while expressing gratitude for the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement and its contributions to the advancement of democracy. Only then will we be able to move toward a society where the people can be unified while competing with each other for a better Republic of Korea. I hope that you all bring your hearts and minds together so that we can move forward toward a brighter future by concluding each chapter of the nation's history. However, much more remains to be done to reveal the truth with regard to those in charge of the massacre, secret burials of victims, sexual violence and the firing on protestors from helicopters. Our task now is to uncover the truth that has yet to be clarified. This will allow us to put down the heavy historical burden that Gwangju has so far shouldered and turn the May of tragedy into the May of hope. It is only natural for those in politics to join as well. We must join forces to safeguard the honor of Gwangju and lay bare the truth still covered. We are now forging a new Republic of Korea. It won't be possible to take a single step toward a new era, however, as long as thereâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s regressive political consciousness stuck in the Yusin regime and the Fifth Republic - the time that predated the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement. We have to move forward together on the foundation of democracy that the people safeguarded back in May 1980. We have to repay our debt to Gwangju by advancing the Republic of Korea.

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May 18, 2019

My fellow Koreans, citizens of Gwangju and residents of Jeollanam-do, In March last year, a special act was legislated to ascertain the truth about the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement. Its overriding objective is to establish a fact-finding committee to fully reveal the truth. However, the committee has yet to be launched. I urge the National Assembly and those in politics to take on this task with a greater sense of responsibility. Under my Administration, the Ministry of National Defenseâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s May 18 special fact-finding committee confirmed that martial law forces fired shots from helicopters and violated the human rights of women through rape, sexual harassment and torture, and the Minister of National Defense apologized on behalf of the Government. The Government pledges that, if the new fact-finding committee is launched under the special law, it will provide all relevant documents and other necessary support to help the committee play its role as planned. Citizens of Gwangju and residents of Jeollanam-do, Today marks the 39th anniversary of the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement, and people in Gwangju envision ordinary life and wellbeing. Sons and daughters of Gwangju, who were born 39 years ago, have now become middle-aged adults. Some may have married, and some may have become parents. I sincerely hope that they live happily together in a world where truth has become common knowledge. The Gwangju which safeguarded democracy has now become a city that leads economic democracy and mutual growth. Representatives from labor, management and government achieved a grand social compromise through concessions and sharing and created jobs conducive to social integration under the name of Gwangju-type job creation. All other local governments are envious and trying to identify a second or third Gwangju-type job creation model.

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 39th Anniversary of May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement

Coming off an agreement on Gwangju-type job creation, a factory will be built in Korea to roll out finished cars for the first time in 23 years, and it will be in the Bit Green Industrial Complex. This will also provide an opportunity for the auto industry to innovate. Gwangjuâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s endeavors to prepare for the Fourth Industrial Revolution are also astounding. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s taking the lead in nurturing the hydrogen, data and artificial intelligence industries as future growth engines. Last March, Gwangju completed Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s first Hydrogen Fusion Energy Test Center. It is also seeking to build an eco-friendly hydrogen fuel-cell power plant, which would be the biggest in the country. In the 2019 smart city challenge, where local governments and businesses team up to solve urban issues, Gwangju secured a win. Gwangju is becoming a model for public safety. In evaluations of responses to infectious diseases, the national safety examination and disaster prevention, Gwangju was ranked as having the best disaster management institutions this year among the 17 major municipal and provincial governments. It also had the largest recorded drop in traffic-related deaths nationwide. This is the result of Gwangju citizens and public servants working together to make Gwangju the safest place in the country. I am grateful to Gwangju, which has suffered such pain, for taking the lead in creating a safe Republic of Korea. The Government will always stand by Gwangju so that it can realize its dream. I believe that the people will also provide support. Fellow Koreans, Gwangju citizens and Jeollanam-do residents, Today, the No. 228 Bus will start running to major historical sites related to the May 18 Movement, such as Junam Maeul, Chonnam National University Hospital, the former Jeollanam-do Provincial Office Building and the May 18 Archives. The No. 228 stands for the February 28 Daegu Democratization Movement. A No. 518 Bus is also operating in Daegu.

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Daegu Dalgubeol, that cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s old name, and Gwangju Bitgoeul, this cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s nickname, have formed the Dal-Bit alliance and united to uphold justice and democracy. Amid a series of instances where the May 18 Movement was denied and insulted, Daegu Mayor Kwon Youngjin posted an apology to Gwangju citizens on social media. The two cities are opposing historical distortions and the politics of division and practicing solidarity and mutually beneficial cooperation. This is the path of forgiveness and reconciliation that we must walk. May should no longer be the May of rage and sorrow. Our May has to be the beginning of hope and the foundation for unity. When we open our hearts before the truth, our capacity for forgiveness and inclusiveness enlarges. The Gwangju of today teaches us that reconciliation achieved by acknowledging the truth is a path toward genuinely uniting our people. Courage and shame, righteousness and disgrace, and rage and forgiveness exist together in Gwangju. The historic burden borne by Gwangju is too heavy. Such a burden should be shared among all the people who watched and suffered what happened in Gwangju in May that year. Gwangjuâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s pride belongs to history, the Republic of Korea and all the people. Nurturing and jointly cultivating the seeds of democracy sown by Gwangju will be a blissful undertaking. I hope that our May will shine every year and become the strength that helps all the people move toward the future. Thank you.

Anniversaries of National Events

June 06, 2019

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 64th Memorial Day

Fellow Koreans, decorated patriots and veterans who served the nation with distinction, and families of fallen heroes, We remember the bravery of fathers who defended the country and the hardships of mothers who protected their families. We remember those fathers who could not make it home and the lives of their relatives left behind. Our love of country begins from these invaluable memories. No death is in vain when it is in service to the country. Sacrifices for the nation are honorable acts that should be repaid by our community collectively. This is because what we are today stems from their countless sacrifices. Honoring patriots and veterans begins with this precious sense of responsibility. We all wish that those who have left us could come home and open the door just like before they departed. However, our modern history is marked by many being unable to return, leaving behind tremendous suffering. Our caring for patriots and veterans also represents our determination to prevent such a painful history from being repeated.

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This year marks the 100th anniversary of the March First Independence Movement and the establishment of the Provisional Republic of Korea Government. Over the past century, numerous fallen patriotic ancestors and those who rendered distinguished service to the nation have served as our buttress. I pay tribute to their noble sacrifices and dedication. My deepest sympathy also goes to their families. My fellow Koreans, Here in Seoul National Cemetery, a total of approximately 181,000 heroes have been buried since the first interment of an unknown soldier on January 16, 1956. From heads of state to unknown soldiers, those who have left us - decorated independence activists and persons of national merit as well as war veterans, police officers, firefighters, those who died while helping others and those who contributed to the nation and society - are laid to rest here together. The National Cemetery is a site alive with patriotism. Every single person buried here is history by himself or herself, demonstrating the fact that patriotism transcends class, occupation and ideology. Seoul National Cemeteryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Burial Ground II is reserved for rank-and-file soldiers. In this section, there is a general laid to rest in a simple one-pyeong (a unit of area equal to 3.3 square meters) grave instead of one of the grander eight-pyeong tombs normally reserved for generals. The grave belongs to General Chae Myung-shin, who requested in his will to be buried with the rank-and-file soldiers because he was able to be promoted to general thanks to those soldiers who gave their lives for the country on the battlefield. General Chae exuded true military spirit even in death. This story of patriotism is still being told as a living testimony. Seokju Yi Sang-ryong and Woodang Lee Hoe-yeong are also laid to rest here.

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 64th Memorial Day

The two aristocratic independence activists took the spirit of noblesse oblige to new heights becoming ordinary citizens. They committed themselves to the independence movement by burning the titles to their slaves thus emancipating their servants and turning over all of their property to the cause. Orthodox Confucian scholars from a long line of yangban (noble and literati class), they discarded their vested interests in the spirit of revolutionary Confucianists and dedicated themselves to the founding of a democratic republic, the Republic of Korea. When it comes to patriotism, there is no difference between conservatives and liberals. Love of country is a mindset that regards the destiny of a national community as oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s own - as opposed to clinging to vested rights or private gain. Those engrossed in vested interests are not being true to either conservative or liberal causes. We once endured a time when ideology ruled - when people and thoughts were divided by a contest between conservatives and liberals. However, a harmonious history combining conservatives and liberals permeates todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Republic of Korea. Fused within the independence, democracy and economic development that we enjoy now are the efforts of conservatives and liberals. I respect all acts of patriotism regardless of whether they are from conservative or liberal quarters. The days are gone when society can be characterized as a dichotomy between conservatives and liberals. Everyone, by nature, can at times be conservative and at other times liberal. We pursue stability sometimes and change at other times. Some sectors choose stability and others opt for changes. As long as we avoid extremes and define patriotism within the realm of common knowledge, no matter how we view ourselves - conservative or liberal - we can move closer to an integrated society. I believe that is what is required to provide patriots and veterans with genuine support in our time. For five years up to 1945, when Japan finally surrendered to the Allied Forces, the Provisional Republic of Korea Government formed a united front between the left and right in Chongqing, China, and founded the Liberation Army.

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June 06, 2019

Last March, we held a ceremony to commemorate the restoration of the headquarters of the Korean Liberation Army in Chongqing. On December 10, 1941, the Provisional Government declared all-out war against imperial Japan, placing the Liberation Army at the forefront. The Korean Youth Battlefield Mission Corps, the anarchist forces, and the Korean Volunteer Army, led by Kim Wong-bong whose penname was Yaksan, were incorporated into the Liberation Army, which helped to finally unite the nation's independence movement forces. With that combined force, they, together with British troops, fought against Japanese forces on the India-Burmese front in 1943, and in 1945, they learned of the liberation of their country while preparing to launch a joint operation with the U.S. Office of Strategic Services to advance onto the Korean homeland. Kim Gu long regretted imperial Japan surrendering before the Liberation Army's advance. Still, the unified Liberation Army members' indomitable determination to resist as well as the military capabilities fostered in cooperation with the Allied Forces served as the root of the founding of the Republic of Korea's Armed Forces following liberation and later became the groundwork for the ROK-U.S. alliance. On the meaningful day of April 11 this year, which marked the centennial of the establishment of the Provisional Republic of Korea Government, a bipartisan resolution that formally recognizes the Provisional Government as the root of the foundation of the Republic of Korea was submitted to the U.S. Congress. The resolution underscored that the formation of the Provisional Government served as the foundation of the success and prosperity of Korea's democracy and that the ROK-U.S. alliance must be strengthened further in the areas of diplomacy, the economy and security. Next year will mark the 70th anniversary of the start of the Korean War. Under the flag of the United Nations, some 1.95 million soldiers from 22 countries took part in the War, and approximately 40,000 lost their precious lives. The United States endured the greatest sacrifice for the sake of our countryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s liberty and peace. About 33,000 U.S. warriors lost their lives, and 92,000 of their soldiers were injured.

Anniversaries of National Events

The Government will build a "Memorial Wall of Remembrance" within the Korean War Veterans Memorial in Washington D.C. by 2022. We will honor the noble sacrifices of each and every fallen U.S. Korean War veteran and help the sublime value of the alliance between Korea and the United States become deeply etched on the hearts of both peoples. One duty of a state is to respond to the firm conviction that, no matter what happens, the state will remember each individual and repay their dedicated contributions. Today, I ruminate on patriotism again here at the National Cemetery and pledge that every effort will be made to fulfill the duty of the nation for those who made sacrifices for the country and their families. Decorated patriots and veterans and families of the fallen, Last year, the accident compensation act for public servants was passed into law. This act makes it possible to bestow respectful treatment - on par with that of regular public servants - to contracted workers who lose their lives in the line of duty in order to repay them for their service. The pension awarded to the bereaved families of police officers and firefighters lost while on duty has been significantly increased.

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Related efforts are being made this year to pass an accident compensation act for fallen service members. An amendment to the Military Service Act will also be pursued to ensure that medical assistance is provided until any disease or injury that arises during service is completely taken care of. The remains of independence activists that were left overseas have been repatriated to Korea: Independence activist Kim Tae-yeon from China, Kang Yeong-gak and Lee Jae-soo from the United States, and Gye Bong-woo and Hwang Woon-jeong as well as their spouses from Kazakhstan were laid to rest in Seoul National Cemetery and Daejeon National Cemetery. We will continue in our efforts to bring the remains of independence fighter General Hong Beom-do back to Korea from Kazakhstan. Today, I think about independence activist Lee Jae-soo's last wish: "Someday I will return to Korea and volunteer to build a new genuinely democratic country." To live up to his last wish, I will strive to help establish a Republic of Korea that he would be proud of. Only when decorated patriots and veterans and the families of the fallen have self-esteem can I consider the nation to be functioning properly. Since January, a project to attach nameplates to identify the homes of people of national merit has been underway. This year and next, nameplates will be attached to the residences of over 400,000 people, including decorated independence activists and bereaved families, war veterans, wounded servicemen and police officers, decorated pro-democracy movement activists, and those injured while carrying out special assignments. I hope that local communities as well as their families will come to recognize this as an honor. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;d like to see a culture take root where regional governments invite people of national merit to their respective events and seat them in the front row. The Government will continue to strive to give people of national merit and their families respectful treatment and welfare benefits that provide more substance and expand medical infrastructure for decorated patriots and veterans.

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 64th Memorial Day

In addition, to properly inter people of national merit, Goesan National Cemetery will be opened in October, and ground will be broken in August to complete Jeju National Cemetery by 2021. The Government will start to systematically manage cemeteries for decorated independence fighters, including Seoulâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Suyuri cemetery for patriots and the cemetery for decorated independence activists in Hyochang Park, which have so far been provided less than appropriate government maintenance. It will also be in charge of looking after the graves of people of national merit with no known surviving relatives. The Government will also devise a plan to exercise its authority to register those persons of national merit who have passed away on active duty but have no surviving family members. This year, the Government will adopt a review system to allow people of national merit to check in advance whether they qualify for burial in a national cemetery. It will also officially establish a system to allow professionals and ordinary citizens to participate in the screening process to determine whether veterans and patriots are qualified for government welfare benefits. On May 24, we saw another serviceman depart this life. It happened just as he was about to return to his base after finishing a mission aboard the destroyer of the Republic of Korea Navy Choi Young of the Cheonghae Unit in an overseas deployment near the Gulf of Aden off Somalia. Petty Officer First Class Choi Jong-geun could not return to the arms of his family in the end, and the Government laid him to rest in Daejeon National Cemetery. After the inter-Korean military agreement reached on September 19, 2018, the Government began eliminating landmines in the Demilitarized Zone and uncovered the remains of 67 people and some 30,000 articles left by the deceased. The bereaved relatives of those who have been identified during excavations - the late Staff Sergeant Kim Won-gap, the late Staff Sergeant Park Jae-gwon and the late Private First Class Han Byeong-gu - are joining us here today.

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A country is duty bound to locate everyone who dedicated themselves to their country until the last person is found. Many of the heroes who have finally reached the arms of their country after a difficult search, however, remain unknown soldiers whose family members cannot be found. There are no DNA samples with which to compare and confirm their identity. If the bereaved families can actively cooperate by helping us secure a larger database from genetic samples, I promise that the Government will do all it can to locate their family members. Fellow Koreans, people of national merit and bereaved relatives, Over the past century, we have overcome colonialism, prevailed over profound grief caused by the War and accomplished democracy and economic growth by helping one another. The path has never been easy. The path to independence was a solemn one taken by those who sacrificed everything they had. To protect the nation which we regained, we fought a war with noble patriotism, but we had to bury fellow soldiers on many hills. Dark shadows still linger as well in the course of economic growth. We must constantly keep ourselves alert so as not to forget our past but retain it while moving toward the future. While pondering the origin of our roots, we must keep an insightful eye on where we are heading. Our hearts harbor numerous songs. Songs about the homeland, songs about mothers and songs about fellow soldiers, these songs will continue to be sung without end. The stars of fallen soldiers and those who passed away in the line of duty will shine in our sky eternally. As long as the spirit of our patriotic ancestors is alive within us, the Republic of Korea will never cease its advance toward the future. I pay my deepest respect to all people of national merit once more. Thank you.

Anniversaries of National Events

August 15, 2019

Address by President Moon Jae-in on Korea’s 74th Liberation Day

Fellow Koreans, decorated patriots who dedicated themselves to the nation’s independence, their relatives and Korean compatriots abroad, As we mark the centenary of both the March First Independence Movement and the founding of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea this year, I find it particularly meaningful to hold the ceremony commemorating the 74th Liberation Day here at the Independence Hall of Korea. The Republic of Korea we see today was created by the indomitable spirit of our forefathers who fought for independence while refusing to buckle or give up in the face of any tribulation. Our patriotic forefathers gave their all, aspiring for “the day when Samgaksan Mountain would rise up and dance and the waters of the Hangang River would roll in its bed and soar”. Their passionate spirit lives on in the people’s hearts even at this very moment. Today, I would like to convey my deepest respect to our independence activists and their bereaved families. At the same time, I would like to join with the people in envisioning the nation that our forefathers sought to build with exuberance on the day Korea was liberated, and the country that we aim to create by carrying on where they left off.

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The country that we desire is one in which we all prosper together and where everyone is given a fair chance and can get back on their feet again even if they fail. The country that we desire is one in which a girl from a small town on the southwestern island of Wando can study hydrogen industry in the southeastern city of Ulsan, start a business in the northwestern city of Nampo and help export eco-friendly cars to Mongolia and Siberia. It is a country where a boy raised in the northeastern city of Hoeryeong can graduate from a maritime school in the southeastern port city of Busan and become a navigator aboard a container ship that sails to the ASEAN region, the Indian Ocean and all the way to Chile in South America. It is also a country where a young man who majors in agriculture can grow soybeans on a massive scale along the Amur River together with farmers from South and North Korea as well as Russia and where his younger brother can raise cattle in the West Coast city of Seosan that feed on these soybeans. This is a country that expands our lives and imagination beyond the Dumangang River onto the continent, and across the Pacific to the ASEAN region and India. This is a country that cooperates and prospers with its neighboring countries, going beyond the limited scope of economic activities within the southern half of the Korean Peninsula. Ignite the furnace, Let us extract wires, extend steel bars and flatten iron plates upon the heart of a new nation, Upon the foundation of cement, steel and hope Let us build a new nation that will not be shaken Shortly after Korea gained independence, a poet sang out this dream of a newly liberated nation. A new nation that cannot be shaken: It was the legitimate dream of a newly independent country that threw off the shackles of foreign invasion and rule. Now, after 74 years have passed, Korea has proudly become an economic powerhouse renowned as the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s sixth largest manufacturer and exporter. It has embarked on the era of per capita income of 30,000 USD and is on the road to becoming a country of thriving culture, which was the dream of independence activist Kim Gu.

Anniversaries of National Events

However, we have yet to become an unshakable nation. That is because we still lack sufficient strength and remain divided. Today, I renew my commitment to meeting the aspirations of the people to build an unshakable nation by reminding myself of our people who have demonstrated remarkable resilience in the face of a series of crises. My fellow Koreans, Upon the foundation of a free-trade order, we were able to focus on those industries in which we could excel: semiconductors, IT and biotechnology among others. Within the framework of the international division of labor, all countries were able to dream of success by harnessing their respective strengths. East Asia had lagged behind in the process of modernization, but once again rose to achieve economic development through the division of labor and collaboration. The world described it as the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;East Asian Miracleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;.

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Although there have been periods of aggression and conflict, East Asia is steeped in a history of exchanges and trade that stretches much further back. From the Bronze Age through civilizations up to modern times, East Asia has engaged in mutual dissemination and sharing. Some of the oldest cases of exchanges and cooperation in human history have taken place in this region, and the advance in civilization has been achieved together. Liberation was not just a cause for celebration for us alone. It was a day that marked the end of longstanding wars that had raged for over 60 years, including the First Sino-Japanese War, the Russo-Japanese War, the Manchurian Incident, the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Pacific War. It was also the day of liberation for East Asia. The Japanese people were also able to cast off the yoke of imperialistic oppression and were liberated from wars of aggression. We have not dwelt on the past. Instead, we continued to engage in security and economic cooperation with Japan. Together with Japan, we have tried to practically assuage the suffering of victims from the Japanese colonial period. We have consistently maintained the position that we should learn from history and steadily work together. Reflecting on the past does not mean clinging to the past but overcoming what had happened and moving toward the future. We hope that Japan will play a leading role together in facilitating peace and prosperity in East Asia while it contemplates a past that brought misfortune to its neighboring countries. Only when we work together will we be able to achieve joint growth that is sustainable. The world has achieved common prosperity through a highly sophisticated division of labor. Japan has made progress by engaging in the division of labor upon the platform of the free trade order as well. Within the international division of labor, if any country weaponizes a sector where it has a comparative advantage, the peaceful free trade order will inevitably suffer damages. A country that achieved growth first must not kick the ladder away while others are following in its footsteps. Better late than never : if Japan chooses the path of dialogue and cooperation, we will gladly join hands. We will strive with Japan to create an East Asia that engages in fair trade and cooperation.

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in on Korea’s 74th Liberation Day

Following last year’s PyeongChang Winter Olympics, the Tokyo Summer Olympics will be held next year while the Beijing Winter Olympics is slated for 2022. This will mark an unprecedented series of Olympics held in East Asia. It will be a golden opportunity for East Asia to solidify the framework of friendship and cooperation and to progress along the path toward common prosperity. Just as people around the world witnessed a “Peaceful Korean Peninsula” at the PyeongChang Olympics, I look forward to seeing the Tokyo Olympics become a source of hope for friendship and cooperation. We will fulfill the responsibilities entrusted to us so that future generations in East Asia will be able to experience prosperity through cooperation. My fellow Koreans, Today, we are no longer what we were. The Republic of Korea today has grown stronger and more mature while surmounting countless challenges and tribulations. I put forth today three objectives for “a nation that cannot be shaken” – the new Korean Peninsula that we are aspiring to build. First, as a responsible economic powerhouse, we aim to uphold the free trade order and facilitate equitable cooperation in East Asia. The miracle of economic development that Korea has achieved as well as the underlying strength can be shared with other countries, but they can never be taken away. When we retain a firm grip on our economic sovereignty, we will be able to stand firm as the master of our own destiny. Unified strengths of the people have turned crises into opportunities, and challenges have helped our country emerge stronger and greater. Undaunted by the burning sands of the Middle East and the rough waves of the Pacific, we achieved economic growth. In succession, we successfully nurtured light industry, heavy and chemical industry and information and communication industry and have become a global IT powerhouse. Korea has now become a nation that leads 5G and other global technical standards.

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Until recently, Korea has been playing catch-up on advanced countries, but now our economy is evolving into one that helps set the pace, taking on challenges ahead of other countries. In the face of Japan’s unwarranted export restrictions, we will continue our determined march toward a responsible economic powerhouse. We will transform the structure of our economy into an ecosystem marked by inclusiveness and co-existence. We will also channel our efforts into enhancing the competitiveness of domestic materials, parts and equipment industries through mutually beneficial cooperation between SMEs and conglomerates as well as between labor and management. By encouraging scientists and engineers to take on new challenges and embracing unsuccessful attempts, we will build an economy that will never be shaken. If we do not belittle ourselves and encourage each other even while reflecting on our own shortcomings, I believe we will be able to pull it off. With a sense of responsibility befitting our economic strength, we will pursue broader cooperation and open up our markets even more and facilitate shared progress with neighboring countries. Second, we aim to build a country that serves as a bridge by taking the lead in promoting peace and prosperity on the continent and out in the ocean. In geopolitical terms, no other country in the world is surrounded by four major powers as we are. When Korea didn’t have much clout and was deemed insignificant, the Korean Peninsula was also cast to the periphery of the continent and ocean and was even reduced to an arena where global powers competed. This is the history that we had to endure. However, if we build a strong nation, we will be able to play a leading role in upholding peace and prosperity in Northeast Asia, connecting the continent with the ocean. We must turn our country’s geopolitical position into a strength. We must establish a clear goal to take the initiative and not be pushed around by others anymore. Cho So-ang, one of the founding members of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea long ago advocated for equality among individuals, peoples and nations. This defines Korea’s underlying spirit that is oriented toward peace and prosperity.

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in on Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s 74th Liberation Day

The Korean people's mature response to Japan's economic retaliation is also attributable to a distinctly mature public sentiment that does not want to see damages to the friendly ties between the people of Korea and Japan, even while mustering their determination to protect our economy. The people-centered community of peace and prosperity that my government seeks to build is all about promoting peace and prosperity on the entire Korean Peninsula first and then spreading them to East Asia and the whole world. The New Northern Policy represents our aspiration to advance into the continent. We will expand the foundation for cooperation not only with China and Russia but also with Central Asia and Europe and lay a cornerstone for multilateral cooperation and security through the East Asian Railroad Community initiative. The New Southern Policy encapsulates our ambition to navigate through the oceans. We will upgrade our relations with ASEAN and India to a level equivalent to those with our major neighboring countries and develop them into a cooperative relationship for common prosperity. In November this year, the ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit and the inaugural Korea-Mekong Summit will be held in Busan. This will mark a milestone in the groundbreaking development of relations with ASEAN and the Mekong countries. Connecting the severed railroads and roads between South and North Korea is the first step toward a country that serves as a bridge, which will spearhead the efforts to promote peace and prosperity in East Asia. If Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s arteries for the passage of people and goods are reconnected all over the land, seas and skies of the Peninsula, and if the two Koreas are given free access in the continent and the ocean, the Korean Peninsula will emerge as a land of prosperity that connects Eurasia, the Pacific, ASEAN, and the Indian Ocean. The Asian community will not be led by a single state but will instead become a community where diverse cooperation blossoms among countries on an equal footing. Third, we aim to establish a peace economy in which prosperity is achieved through peace and also complete our liberation through the unification of the Peninsula.

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August 15, 2019

By overcoming the division of the Peninsula, we must transform the Korean people’s energy into a driving force for future prosperity. The peace economy begins with the efforts to continue dialogue and cooperation so that North Korea can choose economic prosperity over nuclear program upon the foundation of complete denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula. The two Koreas and the United States have engaged in dialogue for the past 20 months. In spite of a series of worrying actions taken by North Korea recently, the momentum for dialogue remains unshaken– which is a significant result of my government’s peace process on the Korean Peninsula. Compared to the past when the whole Peninsula experienced turbulence whenever North Korea engaged in a provocation, the situation has definitely changed. Even though numerous forces still exist at home and abroad that seek to stir up conflict, we have been able to come this far thanks to our people’s fervent desire for peace. Following the meeting in June among the leaders of the two Koreas and the United States at Panmunjeom, North Korea and the United States are exploring working-level negotiations ahead of the third summit. This will probably constitute the most critical juncture in the entire process of achieving denuclearization and establishing peace on the Korean Peninsula. Now is the time for both Koreas and the United States to focus on resuming working-level negotiations between Pyongyang and Washington at the earliest possible date. Even if there is a cause for dissatisfaction, making dialogue difficult by spoiling the mood or erecting barriers is by no means a desirable course of action. If there is dissatisfaction, it too should be raised and discussed at the negotiating table. I hope the people will also pull together to ensure that we can overcome the last hurdle in the dialogue process. When we pass this hurdle, denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula will move closer and inter-Korean relations will also make significant strides. When economic cooperation accelerates and the peace economy begins, unification will beckon as stark reality before us someday. According to IMF estimates, Korea will lead the Fourth Industrial Revolution and its GDP per capita will surpass 40,000 USD around year 2024.

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in on Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s 74th Liberation Day

In addition, if we combine the capabilities of the two Koreas, even while maintaining our respective political systems, it will be possible to create a unified market of 80 million people. Once the Korean Peninsula is unified, it is expected to become one of the six largest economies in the world. There have been research findings both at home and abroad that concludes that an era of GDP per capita of 70,000 to 80,000 USD will be possible around 2050. It is clear that there will be enormous economic benefits from peace and unification. New markets and opportunities will open up for both South and North Korean businesses. Both Koreas will be able to reduce not only huge defense expenditures but also the invisible cost of the division, the so-called â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Korea Discountâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. We will also be able to find solutions to problems we currently face, such as low growth, low birth rate and an aging society. However, the hopes and passions that will stoke the hearts of the people just as they did on that day of liberation will be more important than anything else. There can be no greater driving force for economic growth than hope and passion. The East Sea Rim Economic Belt that starts in Busan and encompasses Ulsan, Pohang, Donghae, Gangneung, Sokcho, Wonsan, Najin and Seonbong will reach out to the continental economy through Vladivostok and to the maritime economy that connects the Northern Sea Route to Japan. The Yellow Sea Rim Economic Belt that begins with Yeosu and Mokpo and includes Gunsan and Incheon and heads toward Haeju, Nampo and Sinuiju will help complete the grand economic strategy that looks toward China, ASEAN and India by nurturing the Blue Economy in Jeollanam-do; the new renewable energy industry around Saemangeum; and the high-tech industrial parks of the Gaeseong Industrial Complex, Nampo and Sinuiju. North Korea has also shifted its national policy toward concentrating all of its efforts on economic development and is in the process of adopting market economy. The international community has also promised to assist its economic growth if it abandons its nuclear program.

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Our intention is not to unilaterally assist North Korea. Rather, our intention is to promote mutual benefits for both Koreas and prosper together while guaranteeing the security of our respective regimes. The plan is for the two Koreas to contribute to the development of the global economy. We will create new economic growth engines through the peace economy. We can no longer afford to let division consume our capacities. We will open the door to a new Korean Peninsula by pouring all we have into the peace economy. This will be possible if South and North Korea join forces and commit themselves to deciding the fate of the Korean Peninsula. When we overcome division, our liberation will finally be completed and Korea will become a country that cannot be shaken. Some people express skepticism regarding the wisdom of talking up peace economy when North Korea is firing missiles. However, we possess defense capabilities that are even stronger. Although we are paying close attention and doing all we can to manage the situation to prevent the escalation of tension on the Korean Peninsula, the ultimate goal that these actions serve is dialogue, not confrontation. I hope these skeptics face up to the reality: the United States is continuing dialogue with North Korea without derailing while Japan is also seeking talks with Pyongyang. I hope these skeptics wonâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t remain prisoners to ideology. The unified strength of the people is essential. I ask the people to pull together as one. Fellow Koreans, decorated independence fighters and their bereaved families, and Koreans overseas, As we commemorate the Liberation Day today, I pledge to solidify denuclearization and peace regime on the Korean Peninsula during my term in office. I will initiate the peace economy upon this foundation and move toward unification. We will advance dialogue and cooperation so that seeds sown together with North Korea in the spring of peace will grow into trees of prosperity.

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in on Korea’s 74th Liberation Day

I pledge to solidify the foundation so that we can successfully host the joint 2032 SeoulPyeongyang Olympics and stand tall in the world as one Korea by achieving peace and unification by 2045, which will mark the 100th anniversary of liberation. It has been one hundred years since the Provisional Government declared the founding of a democratic republic named the Republic of Korea. We have reflected on ourselves and matured over the past 100 years. We now have the confidence that we can prevail over any crisis. The people’s ability to achieve peace and prosperity on the Korean Peninsula has grown stronger. We can create a country that will not be shaken by anyone. I remind myself of the words of independence activist Lee Seung-hoon, who goes by the pen name of Namkang: “When seeds buried under the ground spring up and rise above the heavy soil, I have only seen them do this by themselves – never through the strength of others.” The path that allows us to prevail over division and move toward peace and unification will be the royal road to becoming a responsible economic power. This is the road to overtaking Japan and guiding it toward a cooperative order in East Asia. A new Korean Peninsula, one that will bring peace and prosperity to itself, East Asia and the world, awaits us. We can do it! Thank you.

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October 01, 2019

Address by President Moon Jae-in at 71st Armed Forces Day

Fellow Koreans and members of the Armed Forces, Just a moment ago, a squadron of F-15Ks, the strongest fighter-bombers in Northeast Asia, reported nothing out of the ordinary after completing its air patrol mission over our territory â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Dokdo in the East Sea, Jikdo in the West Sea and Jejudo in the South Sea. It is heartening to see the unassailable presence of our military forces armed with the latest equipment and formidable combat strength, including the F-35A stealth fighter jets unveiled today for the first time. Our people must be very proud of them as well. In congratulating the 71st Armed Forces Day today, I applaud all of our military service members. My special encouragement goes to the members of those units deployed overseas who are dedicating themselves to their missions of protecting Koreans abroad and safeguarding peace around the world.

Anniversaries of National Events

The spirit of our fallen heroes and decorated war veterans made todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Republic of Korea possible. Thanks to the hard work of our military elders, retired generals and the members of the United States Forces Korea, we have been able to protect our security and emerge as the 7th strongest military power in the world. Expressing my profound respect to our fallen heroes and their families, I commend our Armed Forces for creating a mighty military. Everyone living on the Korean Peninsula should be able to enjoy peace and prosperity, generation after generation. The powerful force of our military is keeping that dream alive. Peace is not something to maintain but to create. The impenetrable security of our Armed Forces underpins dialogue and cooperation, enabling us to embark on a bold journey toward permanent peace. The courage and dedication of our Armed Forces made it possible for us to remove guard posts within the Demilitarized Zone and turn the Joint Security Area into a completely demilitarized area. It became possible to excavate the remains of our fallen who had not been returned to their families for many decades. It became possible for the leaders of the two Koreas and the United States to meet at Panmunjeom, a symbol of division. It became possible for a sitting American president to cross the Military Demarcation Line and set foot on North Korean soil for the first time in history. All these were made possible due to our militaryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s decisive determination to forge an inter-Korean military agreement and put it into practice.

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October 01, 2019

Trusting in our Armed Forces, which have mighty defense capabilities, I was able to declare zero tolerance for war at the recent United Nations General Assembly. Carrying a sense of pride in our Armed Forces, which have opened a new path of peace from the DMZ, I was able to propose to transform the DMZ into an international peace zone. Seeing the commanding presence of our military today, our people’s confidence in peace and prosperity on the Korean Peninsula will grow further still. My fellow Koreans, For the first time in history, the Armed Forces Day ceremony is held here in Daegu, a patriotic city and a strategic point for the Republic of Korea’s security. In 1914, General Roh Baek-rin underscored the importance of the air force. Believing that winning the war for independence would never be possible without securing command of the air, the general – in the year following establishment of the Provisional Republic of Korea Government – set up the Willows Korean Aviation School in California. This was the first school to train Korean fighter pilots and the very beginning of the ROK Air Force. The determination and efforts of our country’s pioneers in aviation led to the founding of the Air Force right after liberation. When the Korean War broke out, our Air Force supported ground force operations with just 20 light aircrafts. The observers, normally assigned reconnaissance from the back of the cockpit, had to drop bombs by hand, but they fought with all the strength they could muster to protect the country. On July 2 of that year, a total of 10 North American P-51 Mustangs were delivered to the ROK Air Force here at Daegu Airport. From the very next day, members of our Air Force flew Mustang fighter-bombers every day and accomplished brilliant military achievements. For the ensuing 69 years, Daegu Airport here has served both as a gateway to central southeastern Korea and a key air base for the ROK Air Force, carrying out its core mission of protecting our airspace.

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in at 71st Armed Forces Day

Daegu Airport’s history is also the history of patriotism shown by the citizens of Daegu who have long endured inconveniences. Whenever our country has faced difficulties, citizens of Daegu have always demonstrated remarkable patriotism: A total of 14,545 of its citizens have been named decorated independence activists to date. Daegu is also the birthplace of the 1907 nationwide campaign to repay the national debt to Japan, and it’s where the Korea Liberation Corps was formed as well. During the Korean War, the Battle of Tabu-dong that helped the ROK and U.N. forces secure a bridgehead to launch a counteroffensive also took place in this region. I believe that the ROK Air Force, which was born 99 years ago for our country’s independence, has been able to write the “legacy of safeguarding our skies” on the basis of the patriotism of Daegu citizens. I’d like to take this opportunity to express my appreciation to the Daegu citizens. Fellow Koreans and members of the Armed Forces, The roots of our Armed Forces trace back to the independence movement and patriotism: The ROK Army originated from the Military School of the New Rising about a century ago, the Air Force from the Aviation School of the Provisional Republic of Korea Government, and the Navy from the voluntary gathering of independence activists and civilian merchant marine officers. From the armed struggles for independence to the Korean War and the deterrence of war in its wake, our Armed Forces have always carried out their duties in an impeccable manner. However, the security environment is always ever-changing. As the recent drone strikes in the Middle East demonstrated to the whole world, the challenges that we face will be different from those of the past. A future war will involve “scientific warfare” and “information warfare” against all the forces that threaten and infringe upon our people’s safety and property. It is no exaggeration to say that innovation will determine the outcome of a future war and the strength of security.

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Our Armed Forces have always innovated themselves in line with new eras. While solidifying conventional combat strength, they have endeavored to quickly incorporate the latest military science and technology into our national defense capabilities. Establishing the Ground Operations Command has further improved fighting power and the effectiveness of operational command. The Fourth Industrial Revolution smart national defense innovation task force has been launched to secure scientific and state-ofthe-art national defense capabilities. A cyber security system has been put in place, and an unmanned combat system and automation have been actively put to use, thereby innovating our combat systems. When our advanced Fourth Industrial Revolution-related technology, including sophisticated robots from Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do Province, is applied to national defense, this will help private sector businesses grow while realizing the dream of building a strong, smart military. Completing Defense Reform 2.0 is one of my Administrationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s key objectives. For the first time in history, the proposed national defense budget for the coming year exceeds 50 trillion won. A total of 41 trillion won has been injected over the past three years to improve defense capabilities, and another 16.7 trillion won will be allocated for the coming year. Stronger and more accurate missile defense systems; new submarines and light aircraft carrier-class landing ships; and a state-of-the-art defense system, including military satellites, will help our military take the lead when responding to any potential security threat. Each and every military member willingly put on the uniform to protect our homeland while foregoing the precious everyday life of a civilian. They must be able to serve in the military in even better conditions with high morale. I will ensure that the military uniforms worn by our sons and daughters will become a source of pride and self-esteem.

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in at 71st Armed Forces Day

The Government will help individuals nurture their own dreams and abilities even while in the military. It will also assist their employment so that military duty does not interrupt their careers and social lives. Monthly wages will be raised for soldiers; for sergeants, the amount will rise from 406,000 won to 541,000 won. The military medical support system will be significantly improved so that military personnel can return to their families after serving in good health. The Government will more carefully look into each and every part of military personnelâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s lives by improving their living environment, guaranteeing support for child rearing and resolving gender discrimination, among others. Fellow Koreans, Our Armed Forces are the patriotic military, rooted in the independence movement, and the military of peace that leads inter-Korean reconciliation and cooperation. They are also the military of the people, which assumes the lead in helping the people when they are in need. To mark this meaningful year, the 100th anniversary of the March First Independence Movement and the Provisional Republic of Korea Government, I report to the people in my capacity as Commander-in-Chief of our proud Armed Forces: We will build a national security posture that no one can challenge. Our Armed Forces will be the cornerstone of peace and prosperity. Together with our Armed Forces, we will usher in a new century where everyone prospers. I hope that the people will also show their trust in and affection for our Armed Forces with a sense of pride in them. Thank you.

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October 16, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 40th Anniversary of Busan-Masan Democratic Protests

Fellow Koreans, citizens of Changwon, Busan and Gyeongsangnam-do Province, The anniversary of the Busan-Masan Democratic Protests was designated a national commemorative day last September, and the first governmentorganized ceremony for the anniversary is being held today after 40 years. With the anniversary now honored as a symbol of democracy, together with the April 19 Revolution, the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement and the June 10 Democratic Struggle, the people and the citizens of this region are now able to take even greater pride in themselves. It is all the more meaningful to hold this integrated ceremony here on the campus of Kyungnam University, the fountainhead of the Masan democratic protests, uniting the hearts and minds of Changwon, Busan and Gyeongsangnam-do residents. Last September, 40 years after his death, Yoo Chi-jun was officially recognized as a victim killed during the Busan-Masan Democratic Protests. Over a period that lasted far too long, the Government failed to attend to the suffering of victims. I extend my deepest condolences to the bereaved family. As President, I express profound sympathy and apologize to all the victims whose human rights were trampled by the harsh violence of the Yusin dictatorial regime.

Anniversaries of National Events

Even during the time when the anniversary of the Busan-Masan Democratic Protests was not commemorated by the Government, the citizens of Busan and Changwon have consistently honored the date. I myself participated in the Busan-Masan Democratic Protests Memorial Association and once delivered a commemorative speech at an anniversary ceremony held here on the campus of Kyungnam University. I am deeply grateful to all those who have struggled to impart the historic significance of the Busan-Masan Democratic Protests and have this anniversary designated a national commemorative day. Fellow Koreans, Our democracy has progressed unceasingly and is growing further still. When our democracy has faced crises, our people have revived it through their actions. The tremendous force that began as political democracy has been diffused into a democracy woven into our workplaces, homes and daily lives. The Busan-Masan Democratic Protests were a great struggle that brought on the dawn of democracy by bringing down the Yusin regime, our nationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s longest and severest dictatorship that seemed to have no end in sight.

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Even when darkness again grew heavier with the emergence of the military government in 1980, the citizens of Gwangju took up the fierce struggle then at the cost of an immense sacrifice. Finally, the people won an everlasting victory for democracy when they erupted in the 1987 June Struggle. Busan and Masan are sanctuaries for democracy in the Republic of Korea. The March 15 righteous uprising in Masan touched off the beginning of the April 19 Revolution, and demonstrations in Busan rekindled the flagging flame of the June Struggle, helping to achieve the ultimate triumph. Now, a son of Busan, Park Jong-chul, and a son of Gwangju, Lee Han-yeol, shine together in the heavens above democracy, and we are writing new chapters in the history of democracy in the name of the people. Many of our people were able to find their voices through democracy. In the process of voicing our respective opinions, democracy has become more accommodating. We have now come to realize that the voices of others are just as important as our own. Democracy is not something that can be completed but something thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s being expanded while ceaselessly put into practice. We are commemorating the Busan-Masan Democratic Protests today in the hope that the efforts made so far for the sake of democracy can be extended further to obtain a more advanced form. Today I would like to take this opportunity to express my heartfelt appreciation to the people, who have always stepped in to save democracy. Now, I hope to see democracy in our country grow even more mature to the point of encouraging concession, sharing, mutual gain and unity among our people. Fellow Koreans, citizens of Changwon, Busan and Gyeongsangnam-do, The Government will redouble its efforts to ascertain the truth about the Busan-Masan Democratic Protests, restore the victimsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; honor and award them compensation.

Anniversaries of National Events

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 40th Anniversary of Busan-Masan Democratic Protests

We will ensure that those who led the democratic protests and those who suffered – but who are now only recorded as numbers – regain their names and honor. In addition, we will also thoroughly investigate who is responsible for the violence perpetrated by the state. These actions are not now to reproach belatedly but to firmly uphold the justice of history. The Government will provide support to ensure that the Bu-Ma Democratic Uprising Memorial Foundation founded last year takes firm root and helps the democratic spirit of the Busan-Masan protests blossom. By building an archive in Busan’s Democracy Park and a hall for democracy in Changwon, we will help an increasing number of people learn about and remember the history of democratic protests in the course of their daily lives. In last year’s proposal to revise the Constitution, I intended to incorporate into the Preamble the legacy of democratic ideals expressed through the Busan-Masan Democratic Protests, the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement and June 10 Democratic Struggle, in addition to those of the April 19 Revolution. Although the constitutional revision was thwarted, we will continue to strive to uphold the intent. Moreover, the Government will push for prompt passage of currently pending National Assembly bills related to the Busan-Masan Democratic Protests and legislative amendments designed to extend fact-finding missions and provide the participants respectful treatment. In addition to their strong aspirations for political democracy, the citizens of Changwon, Busan and Gyeongsangnam-do have been at the forefront of the process to change harsh labor controls under dictatorial governments, an unequal growth policy based on low wages for laborers and a privileged economic structure marked by lopsided support for large businesses. Over the past 40 years, Changwon has led and driven our country’s economic development amid all kinds of hardships, with its national industrial complex playing a central role. Since declaring itself as an environmental capital in 2006, Changwon is now evolving into a forward-looking city where industry and the environment coexist. In November 2018, Changwon became the first city in the country to declare itself a special city dedicated to the hydrogen industry and started operating hydrogen-powered buses.

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I have high expectations for the strengthening of the social economy now being pushed by Changwon, a sacred place for democracy. The Government will provide active support to build an innovative social economy town, which will take into account not only profits but also social value, thereby increasing the number of jobs for local residents. It will also work in concert with Changwon to create exemplary cases that can solidify a spirit of community where everyone lives harmoniously together. Busan is preparing to take a leap forward as the maritime capital of Northeast Asia. Busan was selected a special regulation-free zone for blockchain technologies in July. The city is expected to lead the efforts to foster blockchain-based logistics, tourism and financial industries as well as the growth of the blockchain industry rooted in day-to-day life. This month, Gyeongsangnam-doâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s special regulation-free zone for unmanned ships has been selected as a candidate for additional special regulation-free zone designations. This will serve as an opportunity to utilize, revive and further develop the provinceâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s abundant shipbuilding industry infrastructure. The Government will do everything in its power to prepare for the ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit and the inaugural Mekong-Korea Summit, which are only 40 days away. It will also form a pan-government task force exclusively responsible for Busanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s bid to host the 2030 World Expo as soon as possible and vigorously help Changwon, Busan and Gyeongsangnam-do reach out into the world. I ask citizens to actively take part in these endeavors with pride in the Busan-Masan Democratic Protests. Fellow Koreans, As long as we have our great history of democratic struggles ranging from the April 19 Revolution and the Busan-Masan Democratic Protests to the May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement, the June 10 Democratic Struggle and the candlelight revolution of 2016, no power can reign over the people.

Anniversaries of National Events

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 40th Anniversary of Busan-Masan Democratic Protests

Now, the people demand more democracy in an advanced form. All law enforcement agencies must bear in mind this common knowledge in regard to democracy, namely that they exist not for the sake of their organizations themselves but for the people. I will move forward together with the people toward a genuine democratic republic as envisioned by our forefathers who led the March First Independence Movement and the Provisional Republic of Korea Government one hundred years ago, toward a democracy in which ordinary people truly become the rightful owners of the nation and toward a democracy where national achievements bring about improvements in the lives of the people. I believe that the spirit of the Busan-Masan Democratic Protests that has finally been brought back as our shared history and come to inspire us will prove a source of resolute strength and courage for all. Thank you.

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January 07, 2020

2020 New Yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Address by President Moon Jae-in

Fellow Koreans, The New Year, the Year of the White Rat, has dawned. We rang out the significant past year that marked the centennial of the March First Independence Movement and the founding of the Provisional Republic of Korea Government and have rung in this year that commemorates the 60th anniversary of the April 19 Revolution and the 40th anniversary of the May 18 Democratization Movement. All the while, we contemplate the noble spirit that drove us to hold up candles and safeguard the democratic republic three years ago. At the behest of the stern mandate of the people to create a just, safe and happier country that is more peaceful and functions properly, my Administration has opted for bold transformations. By fundamentally changing and reforming economic and social structures, we have unwaveringly worked to eradicate deceit and unfair privileges rampant in our society and overcome inequality and socio-economic polarization. Many people have joined us along this untrodden path. Thanks to those lending support while enduring inconveniences and difficulties, the Government has been able to firmly build the framework for a country where everyone prospers together and an innovative, inclusive nation.

Anniversaries of National Events

I am deeply grateful to the people who have done their utmost in their respective positions. I will ensure that their hard work will be rewarded with tangible changes throughout the year. Fellow Koreans, The year 2020 will be one when my life and those of my neighbors will all see improvements and the economy will come roaring back vibrantly and make a leap forward. To this end, we will make sure that people can truly feel tangible changes in terms of inclusiveness, innovation and fairness. More than anything else, we will ensure that inclusiveness reaches every corner of our society in order to care for the lives of the people with greater compassion. Peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s lives are based around jobs. Last year, the Government injected the largest-ever funding for job creation. Support for providing jobs tailored to the different needs of young people, women and senior citizens was enhanced. Multi-dimensional policy efforts were exerted to create jobs in the private sector.

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As a result, there has been an appreciable recovery in jobs. Last year, the number of new hires increased by 280,000, marking the highest-ever employment rate. In addition, the youth employment rate posted a 13-year high. The number of permanent jobs surged drastically, thereby adding more than 500,000 employment insurance subscribers. The quality of employment also improved as evidenced by the narrowing of wage disparity between large businesses and SMEs. This year, we will further promote these positive trends. In particular, we will work to address sluggish employment in manufacturing and among those in their 40s, who serve as the backbone of the Korean economy. Comprehensive measures customized to retirees and job seekers in their 40s will be put in place, and deregulation and investment incentives intended to encourage the private sector to generate more jobs will be strengthened. A parental leave that both mothers and fathers can take at the same time will be introduced to create a condition conducive to raising children while working. Moreover, we will facilitate the entry of women, young people and the elderly into the labor market through policies that provide subsidies to SMEs that hire additional young employees and to businesses that prolong the employment of those who reach the retirement age of 60. At the same time, we will move one step closer to a society where labor is respected. In order to make the leap to a developed country in name and substance, we should have peoplecentered creativity and innovation as well as advanced labor-management relations – not low wages and long working hours – serve as the source of our competitiveness. The Government has made efforts to upgrade workers’ quality of life by means of reducing working hours and raising minimum-wage levels. Consequently, the country’s average annual hours worked fell below 2,000 hours for the first time since such statistics began to be compiled, and the proportion of low-wage workers dwindled to less than 20 percent as well. The unionization rate hit a record high since 2000, but lost work days due to strikes were at their lowest in two decades. The creation of mutually beneficial local jobs, which started in Gwangju, has spread to Miryang, Daegu, Gumi, Hoengseong and Gunsan.

Anniversaries of National Events

2020 New Year’s Address by President Moon Jae-in

We will further enhance the perceived benefits that can be readily felt by the people this year. Support will be provided to have the 52-hour workweek take root in SMEs with fewer than 300 employees. Rationality and transparency will be raised when it comes to setting minimum wage levels. The employment safety net will be made even stronger through government-sponsored credit or debit cards to defray job training expenses and through an employment support program – a Korean-style unemployment allowance – designed to provide financial assistance to the marginalized and to help them find jobs. Mutually beneficial local jobs will also continue to be added. As a result of the inclusiveness policies implemented last year that raised the basic pension and expanded the Earned Income Tax Credit for low-income families, the three major distribution indices – the Gini coefficient, the income quintile ratio and the relative poverty rate – all improved. Household income also rose evenly in all quintiles, and in particular, the income of the first quintile, the poorest 20 percent, showed a marked upward trend. We will work to bring about more tangible changes this year. By easing the family support obligation rules within the national basic living security system, we will make sure that more households will receive benefits. We will also broaden support for low-income, vulnerable populations by expanding the EITC and increasing the basic pension. National health insurance coverage will be strengthened and, in particular, the burden of medical expenses incurred by people with serious ailments, marginalized families and children will be drastically lessened so that they can receive treatment without having to worry about their hospital bills. We will expand free high school education, which started to benefit the graduating third-year students last year, to include those in the second year this year and eventually all students in all grades next year. Student loan interest rates will also be lowered so that everyone will have sufficient access to education. For the self-employed and microbusiness owners who suffer difficulties, we will further expand support to provide financial assistance and tax incentives as well as to invigorate commercial areas.

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In the meantime, we will make a bold paradigm shift in agricultural, fisheries and rural policies. The price of rice stood at around 130,000 won per 80-kg bag in 2016, but it has rebounded to 190,000 won. The average annual income of farm households exceeded 40 million won while that of fishing households surpassed 50 million won. A subsidy system designed to promote the public good will be newly introduced from this year to help stabilize the income of farming and fishing communities. We will also push for adopting a public good-promoting subsidy system exclusively for the fisheries sector. A safe Republic of Korea is what all the people aspire to. My Administration has implemented three projects aimed at protecting the lives of the people by helping to prevent traffic accidents, industrial accidents and suicides. To address fine dust problems, comprehensive measures have been worked out, including the legislation of a special act. As a result, the number of deaths from traffic and industrial accidents drastically decreased last year. In addition, the average annual level of fine dust concentration improved. However, what we have done is still insufficient. There can be no end to the efforts to improve safety. We will carry out existing policies in a more thorough manner and take all the steps necessary to ensure public safety by adding comprehensive measures for childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s safety. We will come up with special initiatives in winter and spring when the concentration of fine dust is high and implement stronger preemptive measures by the end of March. We will make palpable changes to air quality through the seasonal management system, the suspension of operations at coal-fired power plants, the restricted driving and eventual retiring of old vehicles, measures to improve air quality by region and the use of eco-friendly fuel in ships. We will also step up coordination and cooperation with China in response to factors outside the country. Fellow Koreans, Just as Korea took off and joined the ranks of the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s top dozen economic powerhouses in only a half century, we can also become a leader in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. We will help our economy run more vigorously by further strengthening innovation.

Anniversaries of National Events

2020 New Year’s Address by President Moon Jae-in

Despite the delayed passage last year of bills on innovative growth, the amount of new investment in business ventures broke the 4 trillion won mark, and five new unicorns were created. The release of innovative products and services in the market was accelerated thanks to some 200 special exemptions approved via regulatory sandbox and the designation of 14 special regulation-free zones in different provinces or cities. With commercialization of 5G services for the first time in the world, the Republic of Korea secured the No. 1 and No. 2 positions in the global handset and equipment markets, respectively. In addition, exports of electric cars more than doubled and those of hydrogenfueled vehicles tripled. Our efforts aimed at promoting innovation are paying off one by one, with our national competitiveness in the ICT sector being ranked first globally for two years in a row. This year, we will spread innovation-fueled momentum across the economy. We will support the growth of business ventures to help an increasing number of them emerge as unicorns. We will foster three new industries – system semiconductors, biohealth and future cars – as second and third flagship industries to follow semiconductors. In addition, we’ll expand investments in such sectors as data, networks and artificial intelligence to bolster the foundation for the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The application of regulatory sandboxes will be further increased, and we will achieve social compromises through a customized arbitration organization to resolve conflicts among stakeholders in the new industries. Last year, we were able to confirm the “strength of mutual benefit.” In the face of Japan’s export restrictions, business, labor, the Government and the people all joined forces to localize production of key materials, components and equipment. The whole nation came together to realize the goal of building a country that cannot be shaken. This task had been left undone for several decades; however, we made significant achievements in just half a year.

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We are now replacing imports of some key items from Japan through domestic production. With regard to some of these items, we’ve succeeded in attracting foreign investments. This year, the Government will disburse 2.1 trillion won – more than double last year’s figure – in order to strengthen the competitiveness of our materials, components and equipment industries. Furthermore, we’ll designate the top 100 specialized pace-setting companies and 100 small-yet-strong businesses to help them grow into global enterprises, going beyond the localization of production. We will strive to restore the vitality of our economy and ensure that the people sense tangible changes from an improved economy. Although the global economy is expected to gradually recover this year and the semiconductor sector is expected to rebound, such external uncertainties as trade conflicts and geopolitical disputes still remain. When it comes to the structure of our economy, we are facing difficulties as the potential growth rate is falling and the working-age population is projected to decrease by 230,000 compared to last year. However, we will overcome all difficulties. We will strive to bring the numbers tied to exports and investments in equipment back into positive territory so that they can lead to an increase in growth rates. Last year – in the face of U.S.-China trade tension and the global economic downturn – the Republic of Korea maintained its position as the world’s seventh largest exporter with exports exceeding US$1 trillion for the third year in a row and trade in surplus for the 11th consecutive year. As evidenced by significant export increases for electric cars and hydrogenfueled vehicles as well as from the biohealth sector, our new export growth engines are making rapid progress. Despite sharp drops in prices, semiconductor exports have increased, which shows that sector’s potential. New Southern Policy partner countries accounted for more than 20 percent of our exports for the first time last year, and exports to countries linked to the New Northern Policy have also witnessed double-digit increases for three years in a row – a reminder of how our country’s exports have been diversified. This year, we will again increase our total exports and speed up our efforts to innovate the structure of our exports to emerge as one of the world’s four largest exporters by 2030.

Anniversaries of National Events

2020 New Year’s Address by President Moon Jae-in

While increasing high value-added exports with regard to the three new industries, 5G and rechargeable batteries, we’ll expand new markets, like those within New Southern Policy and New Northern Policy partner countries, by finalizing the RCEP agreement. We will quadruple export financing for SMEs and help them account for a larger share of our exports by utilizing Brand K, the nationally certified trademark associated with the Korean Wave. We will also make all-out efforts to create a better environment for corporate investments. Large-scale investment projects in the amount of 100 trillion won will be implemented, and we’ll further strengthen such incentives as three tax-benefit packages to promote corporate investment. While pushing ahead with a balanced national development project in earnest, which totals 25 trillion won in 23 programs, we will invest more than 10 trillion won, the largest amount ever, to build neighborhood infrastructure with the aim of improving the quality of life for residents in provincial areas, thereby revitalizing local economies as well. In addition, we will further promote the Korean Wave – K-pop, K-dramas, K-beauty, K-content and K-food – and usher in an era of 20 million foreign tourists visiting Korea. Fellow Koreans, Fairness is like the air surrounding our economy and society. Only when fairness serves as the foundation can our economic community breathe and innovation and inclusiveness be possible. Recently, we’ve been witnessing gradual progress in the fair economy. The issue of large business groups’ cross-shareholdings has been nearly resolved, and unfair trade practices in contractor-subcontractor relations, franchiser-franchisee relations and the retail industry have been significantly rectified. A fair and healthy market economy is taking root as evidenced by the mutually beneficial payment system now having processed more than 100 trillion won in settlements. In addition, amid the difficulties with revising legislation, we will work to help put a stewardship code in place by newly enacting or revising enforcement decrees and will soon lay groundwork that will help encourage sound management at large corporations. We will also do everything within our means to revise relevant laws, including the Commercial Act, for a fair economy.

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Recently, the National Assembly passed the bill for establishing an agency to investigate crimes by senior government officials. It is an institutional mechanism that prevents anyone from enjoying privileges before the law and ensures that the law is applied in an equitable and fair manner. Once the legal and institutional foundations for reforming law enforcement organizations are completed by passage of the bill that will readjust the authority to conduct investigations between prosecutors and the police, our society will become fairer and a stronger social trust will form. We will never stop legal, institutional and administrative reforms until all relevant organizations are seen as existing for the people. Furthermore, fairness should be established anew across the board in education, job recruitment, the workplace, society and culture to meet the people’s expectations. We have become acutely aware of the people’s high demands for fairness, to which the Government will respond without fail. We will boldly rectify the unfairness that exists in all areas of the people’s lives to ensure that fairness takes root in our society. The Government remains firmly committed to stabilizing the real estate market, protecting genuine owner-occupants and curbing speculation. We will never lose the war against real estate speculation. At the same time, by expanding the housing supply as planned, we will see to it that the residential stability of newlyweds, those living alone and other average citizens is safeguarded. Fellow Koreans, We are now at a time when we must show endurance for the sake of peace on the Korean Peninsula. This is the time when – more than ever before – we desperately need faith in peace and national unity. For us, peace on the Korean Peninsula is not a matter of choice but the path we must take while overcoming all difficulties. Following the inauguration of my Administration, expectations and hope for peace have risen as never before. The dark clouds of war that hovered over the Korean Peninsula until 2017 have cleared, and peace has now become a more attainable goal. However, it is regrettable that we’ve not been able to make further progress in inter-Korean cooperation over the past year.

Anniversaries of National Events

2020 New Year’s Address by President Moon Jae-in

It is true that as dialogue between North Korea and the United States began in earnest, both the South and North put those talks ahead of everything else. The expectations were that if the talks were successful, the door for inter-Korean cooperation would open up more quickly and broadly. The momentum for North Korea-U.S. dialogue should continue; a show of force and threats are not helpful to anyone. My Administration will also do all it can to promote dialogue between the two sides. However, there are now concerns that inter-Korean relations themselves could suffer a setback amid the stalemate in the talks between North Korea and the United States. In addition to efforts to promote the success of the dialogue, the need to find realistic ways to further advance inter-Korean cooperation has become all the more urgent. Internationally coordinated solutions are required to adhere to the three principles for peace on the Korean Peninsula: zero tolerance for war, mutual security guarantees and common prosperity. Still, there are things that can be accomplished through inter-Korean cooperation. I propose that South and North Korea put their heads together and have earnest discussions. The two Koreas not only share a border but also represent a “community of life” where coexistence is imperative. I also propose that cooperation in the border area be started for the common safety of the 80 million Koreans. I believe that Chairman Kim Jong Un has the same determination. A joint hosting of the 2032 Summer Olympics will serve as a golden opportunity to show to the world that the two Koreas consist of one nation and to make a leap forward together. It is an agreement between the leaders of the two Koreas as well as a promise to the international community as our intention to co-host has already been forwarded to the IOC. I hope that we will be able to come together through continuous sports exchanges so that a joint hosting will be realized without fail. I am looking forward to talented North Korean athletes participating in the 1st East Asian Weightlifting Championships and ITTF 2020 World Team Table Tennis Championships, both of which will be held in South Korea this year. We should also continue consultations over athletes from both Koreas marching in together at the opening ceremony of the Summer Olympic Games in Tokyo and the formation of a single unified team.

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If South and North Korea identify realistic ways to implement projects to reconnect interKorean railroads and roads, it will not only lead to international cooperation but also provide a big boost to the resumption of inter-Korean tourism and the revitalization of North Korea’s tourism. The idea of transforming the Demilitarized Zone into an international peace zone was proposed in a bid to guarantee mutual security for the two Koreas, both institutionally and realistically, and to gain international support. The two Koreas have already jointly registered ssireum on the representative list of UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. The DMZ’s value is enormous and relates to ecology, history, peace and reconciliation between the South and North. Jointly registering the DMZ on the list of UNESCO World Heritage is something we can start right away. I am looking forward to a positive response from North Korea. The path we intend to follow through peace is ultimately a peace-driven economy. The peace economy will usher in an era where division no longer acts as an obstacle to peace and prosperity so that both Koreas as well as neighboring countries can thrive together. I am willing to meet time and again and constantly engage in dialogue. Efforts to resume operation of the Gaeseong Industrial Complex and Geumgangsan tourism will also continue. Looking back upon the agreements that were not kept last year and reflecting on the reasons for the people’s expectations not being met, we will continue to move forward by taking one step or even a half of one step. This meaningful year marks the 20th anniversary of the June 15 South-North Joint Declaration. I hope that the two Koreas will work together so that conditions for Chairman Kim Jong Un’s reciprocal visit to the South can be put in place as soon as possible in addition to the hosting of joint events to solidify our commitment to peaceful reunification. Fellow Koreans, Last year, the Government strengthened cooperation with ASEAN to build a community of mutual prosperity through the ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit and the Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit.

Anniversaries of National Events

2020 New Yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Address by President Moon Jae-in

The Government will also further solidify the ROK-U.S. alliance this year while accelerating the New Southern and New Northern policies to diversify foreign affairs. We will work to take the traditional alliance with the United States to a new height and make concerted efforts to complete the Korean Peninsula peace process. We will strengthen exchanges and cooperation with China in various areas. Since visits to Korea by President Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang are scheduled this year, we will endeavor to ensure that Korea-China relations will be upgraded to a higher level. Japan is one of our closest neighbors. We will develop bilateral cooperative relations in a more forward-looking manner. If Japan removes its export restrictions, our two countriesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; relations will be able to advance more rapidly. Russia is a key partner in the New Northern Policy. As this year marks the 30th anniversary of the establishment of our diplomatic ties, I am looking forward to setting a new milestone in New Northern diplomacy. Korea will host the P4G Summit and the Korea-China-Japan Summit this year and serve as the chair country for MIKTA. We will fulfill our responsibilities as a proud middle-power nation that cooperates internationally for the sake of responding to climate change and sustainable development. Fellow Koreans, The Republic of Korea is a democratic republic. Our chests swell upon hearing the name because it is a democratic republic that our people have reclaimed and protected. Our faith in a democratic republic is as hot as the heat from the candles we once raised high. We commemorated the 100th anniversary of the March First Independence Movement and the establishment of the Provisional Republic of Korea Government in particular last year because that spirit has become the very foundation of our democratic republic.

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Our democratic republic is further expanding and becoming stronger through mutual benefit. When all the members of a community work together and prosper together, the sovereign rights of the people grow stronger and a genuine unity of the people can be achieved. The global situation is still undergoing an upheaval. International competition is getting fiercer in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. There is a possibility that protectionism and technological hegemony can spread further. Only when our society becomes a more integrated and cooperative one internally can we compete successfully and continue to make progress. Extremism should be rejected; the conservatives and progressives need to understand each other and work together. I will be the first to make a greater effort. I will make a mutually beneficial leap forward through tangible changes a top priority, and I will communicate with the people more often. The most beautiful transformation may be the arduous metamorphosis of a pupa shedding its skin to emerge as a butterfly. Over the past two and a half years, we have endeavored to create a new order. When we completely transform into a butterfly, we will be able to make a mutually beneficial leap forward with a pair of wings that comprise labor and management, SMEs and large companies, the conservatives and progressives, and the South and North. Now, we are starting another 100 years. Based on innovation and inclusiveness as well as fairness and peace, we will move a step closer to a country where everyone prospers together and a peaceful and prosperous Korean Peninsula. We will strive harder to make our lives even better. Thank you.

Anniversaries of National Events

March 01, 2020

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 101st March First Independence Movement Day

Fellow Koreans and compatriots abroad, This March First Independence Movement Day ceremony is being held amid an emergency situation. Even though we are in difficult times in many respects, it is very meaningful to hold a ceremony to commemorate the 101st March First Independence Movement Day here at Paiwha Girls’ High School, where shouts for Korea’s independence rang out on March 1, 1920, in celebration of the first March First Independence Movement Day. In December 1919, the Provisional Republic of Korea Government published its first official calendar “Daehan Millyeok” with March 1 designated as Independence Day and marked as the National Day. The Provisional Government promulgated the decree of its Ministry of Interior, defining March 1 as “the sacred day when Koreans were brought back to life.” It also held a ceremony and celebrations in Shanghai to mark the inaugural March First Independence Movement Day. And it played a pivotal role in the multiple manse protests commemorating the March First Independence Movement that broke out simultaneously across the country, including here at Paiwha and many places around the world.

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March 01, 2020

Incarcerated in Seodaemun Prison, Ryu Gwansun and many other independence activists risked their lives shouting manse for Korea’s independence. Those who were in Tokyo, Vladivostok, the United States and France also declared Korea’s independence and its people’s self-reliance. All through the Japanese colonial period, March First Independence Movement celebrations continued wherever Koreans resided. The Japanese imperialists intended to erase the memories of that day and silence Koreans by carrying out special security checks and preemptive arrests of anyone under suspicion. However, students boycotted classes, merchants closed stores and workers went on strike, reviving the spirit of the March First Independence Movement. We have consistently celebrated the March First Independence Movement without a single break over the past 100 years – even in 1951 when the country was ravaged by the Korean War and in 1998 when we were engulfed by the financial crisis – and this has reminded us of unity’s tremendous force. The March First Independence Movement once again reminds us that we can prevail over anything as long as we stand together. On March 1 every year, the reverberating chorus of manse, calling for independence, has inspired us with courage. All the people will come together and overcome even today’s crisis without fail. My fellow Koreans, In 1919 alone, some 7,600 Koreans were killed, more than 16,000 were injured and over 46,000 were arrested and detained in the aftermath of as many as 1,542 manse demonstrations. This was unprecedented throughout the world. Despite harsh repression from Japanese imperialists, the spirit of our nation was never broken. Students, farmers, workers and women all emerged as protagonists themselves for independence, selfdevelopment and capacity-building, actually fostering even greater hopes in the process. On January 13, 1920, The Independent, an organ of the Provisional Government, ran an article written by General Hong Beom-do of the Greater Korea Independence Army, confirming the legitimacy of the armed struggle and renewing the determination to reclaim our lost country. On January 30 the same year, Sinheung Military Academy in West Gando held a graduation ceremony for 76 Koreans who would later become the heroic fighters in the battles of Fengwudong and Qingshanli.

Anniversaries of National Events

Education campaigns for the Korean nation helped build the people’s capacity. Activities to promote women’s education as well as their rights and interests began. Workers resisted colonial exploitation and oppression, entrepreneurs strenuously worked to cultivate modern businesses and the people launched a drive for a self-reliant national economy. As the awakened people continued their efforts for self-development, armed independence armies fighting imperialist Japan conducted as many as 1,651 military operations to advance into the Korean homeland in 1920 alone. In June the same year, our independence armies engaged the Imperial Japanese Army’s “Weolgang tracking unit” in the first all-out war in the history of their struggle for independence and achieved a great victory. That was the Battle of Fengwudong led by General Hong Beom-do. The Provisional Government called it the first great victory of the war of independence.

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In March 1920, the Northern Military Administration Office Army – a Korean independence army – and the Czech Army signed an arms trade deal in Vladivostok. Around 9,000 people formed a human chain to transport the weapons, which became partners in the victory of the Battle of Qingshanli in October. The soldiers equipped with modern arms and systemically trained and our fellow Koreans who provided food and clothing were all members of an independence army and the heroes of the victory. In this year marking the centennial of the battles of Qingshanli and Fengwudong, I would like to join the people in recalling with a sense of pride how the March First Independence Movement created triumph from hope. Fellow Koreans and compatriots overseas, Today I’d like to share news that will please all of our people: The remains of General Hong Beom-do – the commoner-turned great commander of the Greater Korea Independence Army who spearheaded victories at the battles of Qingshanli and Fengwudong – can be repatriated finally. Last year, we brought back home the remains of independence activists Gye Bong-woo and Hwang Woon-jeong as well as those of their spouses. To commemorate the 100th anniversary of the Battle of Fengwudong this year, the remains of General Hong will be repatriated and buried in his homeland on the occasion of the Kazakh President’s visit to Korea. I extend my profound gratitude to the officials of the Kazakh Government and Kyzylorda provincial government for their cooperation as well as to the ethnic Koreans there, who protected the General until the last moment and have looked after his grave. Remembering each and every independence activist is to awaken our self-esteem and pride. It is also about overcoming difficulties and bolstering strength to usher in a brighter future. The Government will honor the spirit and cause of our independence activists and continue to reciprocate by showing the highest respect. I hope that the repatriation of General Hong Beom-do’s remains will serve as an opportunity for us to contemplate the patriotism of our forefathers and realize the value of the nation’s existence.

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 101st March First Independence Movement Day

Fellow Koreans, We have overcome countless hardships. Last year, we could pursue “independence in materials, components and equipment” while envisioning a “country that cannot be shaken.” This was possible thanks to our potential to overcome national crises and the spirit of the March First Independence Movement – we can accomplish anything if we do it together. Amid the ruins of the Korean War, we nurtured our capabilities through a united strength. Starting from an economy that relied on grants and loans, the Republic of Korea has emerged as a cutting-edge manufacturing powerhouse, ultimately standing tall as an ICT industry powerhouse. Even now, the people are all coming together. We will be able to overcome the COVID-19 outbreak and revive our shrunken economy. I’d like to express my deepest respect to the citizens of Asan, Jincheon, Eumseong and Icheon who warmly welcomed Korean residents returning from Wuhan in China; people in Daegu and Gwangju who shared extra face masks; and those who are joining blood drives. The Good Landlord Campaign that started in Jeonju’s Hanok Village and Moraenae traditional market is spreading to traditional markets and shopping complexes around the country. Banks and public institutions also voluntarily lowered commercial rents, thereby sharing hardships together. Large businesses have made charitable donations and lent a helping hand for mutual benefit to their small and medium-sized suppliers. Even at this moment, many doctors and nurses armed with protective suits are doing everything they can in isolation wards. I extend my deepest respect and gratefully applaud everyone for having shouldered these pains together and raised hopes. In particular, ceaseless support and warmhearted contributions for people in Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do Province epitomize the Republic of Korea’s potential. About 250 public health physicians dispatched from all over the country and many volunteer medical professionals are safeguarding those regions while putting the health of residents there before their own. Numerous companies and ordinary citizens have been sending donations and relief supplies. Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do are never alone.

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The Government is making the utmost effort in cooperation with Daegu and Gyeongsangbukdo to prevent the further spread of the disease in addition to expanding the temporary screening stations set up to exclusively handle suspected cases and diagnostic examinations, securing beds and treating the infected. I believe that an increasing number of people will join these efforts and that we will succeed in defeating the virus without fail. The Government is now waging all-out responses after raising the crisis alert to the highest level. Moreover, we are doing all we can to revive the economy with the mindset that we are in an â&#x20AC;&#x153;emergency economic situation.â&#x20AC;? The Government has started providing support tailored to microbusiness owners and SMEs as well as various service industries such as tourism, dining and air and maritime transport. In addition to the provision of stronger support for overcoming the damage, a support package to respond to the COVID-19 outbreak will be swiftly implemented. These contain unprecedented plans to stabilize the livelihood of ordinary people and enhance economic vitality. To this end, the Government will actively disburse reserve funds, promptly draw up a supplementary budget bill and submit it to the National Assembly. The National Assembly has also agreed to cooperate beyond party affiliations in the interest of a larger cause. We are all the principal agents of the infectious disease prevention and control efforts. There is nothing we cannot do if we trust each other and cooperate. By overcoming the pressing COVID-19 outbreak at home and achieving peace and common prosperity on the Korean Peninsula, we will build a Republic of Korea that cannot be shaken. That is genuine independence and the completion of a new independence. The Government will take the initiative and do everything it can. By joining forces, let us demonstrate the potential that has proven resilient in the face of a crisis.

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 101st March First Independence Movement Day

Fellow Koreans, Now, there are increasingly more factors tied to unconventional security threats such as disasters and catastrophes, climate change and the spread of infectious diseases, international terrorism and cybercrimes. These are difficult for a single country to resolve through its own ability alone. Weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve come to keenly realize once again the necessity of cross-border cooperation at this time due to the global spread of COVID-19. The March 1 Declaration of Independence also underscores the spirit of unity for mutual understanding and sympathy. The endeavor for peace in East Asia and humanitarianism is the spirit of the March First Independence Movement and the Provisional Republic of Korea Government. We can respond to unconventional security threats only when we strengthen cooperation, not only with North Korea but also with adjacent countries like China and Japan and nearby Southeast Asian nations. I am looking forward to cooperation with North Korea on healthcare as well. The lives of the Korean people will be safer when the two Koreas can respond together when infectious diseases spread among humans and animals and jointly cope with disasters and catastrophes in border areas and climate change on the Korean Peninsula. Two years ago, South and North Korea accomplished the historic feat of reaching the September 19 agreement in the military domain. When we expand inter-Korean cooperation into various areas while abiding by that agreement, peace on the Korean Peninsula will become more solid. Japan is always our closest neighbor. Patriotic martyr Ahn Jung-geun stood against Japanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s aggression with the force of arms, but he clarified that his true intention was to achieve peace together in the East, not to show hostility against Japan. The spirit of the March First Independence Movement was also in the same vein.

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When we squarely face the past, we can surmount wounds and move forward toward the future. We will not forget the past, nor will we remain in it. I hope that Japan will also take on the same attitude. Joining hands while reflecting on history is the path toward peace and prosperity in East Asia. Let us prevail over crises together and make joint efforts for futureoriented cooperative relations. Fellow citizens and Koreans overseas, We have revived the spirit of the March First Independence Movement whenever we encountered national crises and disasters. With our combined strengths, we have triumphed over war and poverty and accomplished economic growth and democratization. The COVID-19 outbreak can threaten our lives temporarily, but it cannot break our unity and hope. Just as the spirit of the March First Independence Movement, which overcame oppression and was resurrected as hope, became the strength that ushered in a new era over the past 100 years, we will win the battle against COVID-19 without fail and revive our economy, making it more dynamic. We are the source of courage and hope for each other. Let us all believe in and encourage each other and overcome todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s hardship. Let us vigorously march forward on a new 100year journey. Thank you.

Anniversaries of National Events

March 27, 2020

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 5th West Sea Defense Day

Fellow Koreans, war veterans and bereaved relatives, We are observing West Sea Defense Day at a time when patriotism is more needed than ever. Through patriotism, we prevailed over colonial rule and a war and achieved economic growth and democracy. Through the power of â&#x20AC;&#x153;solidarity and cooperation,â&#x20AC;? we have been able to overcome adversities. The source of that power was patriotism: the love of our homeland, our neighbors and our history. The sacrifice and dedication of our heroes who defended the West Sea are the very symbol of that patriotism. Our heroes conducted operations with indomitable grit at the intersection of life and death in a barrage of bullets and shells. They completed their missions as military soldiers until the end, each one demonstrating a spirit of comradeship. The patriotism practiced by these heroes has become the freedom and peace of our country. With formidable national security that no one can dare challenge, we have been able to elicit international trust and cooperation with regard to peace and prosperity on the Korean Peninsula.

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The people remember our heroic warriorsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; patriotism not only here in Daejeon National Cemetery but also across the country. We see the noble devotion of Warrant Officer Han Juho in Jinhae Marine Park in Changwon and Sudo Electric Technical High School in Seoul. As we encounter Staff Sergeant Seo Jung-woo and Private First Class Moon Gwang-wook in Munseong Middle School in Gwangju and the Eunpa Lake Park in Gunsan, we engrave their unbreakable bravery deep into our hearts. I pay tribute to our heroes who defended the West Sea and became a source of pride and self-esteem for our people. I also convey my deepest sympathy to their bereaved relatives. War veterans and bereaved families, In the face of an unprecedented crisis triggered by COVID-19, our military personnel and their relatives have taken the initiative in the practice of patriotism. The Cheonan Corvette Memorial Foundation and an association of relatives of the 46 fallen warriors delivered face masks and charitable donations to Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do Province. Their helping hands reaching out for solidarity and cooperation above their own suffering have become a source of hope for the people.

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 5th West Sea Defense Day

Newly commissioned nursing officers and military medical doctors rushed to Daegu, the frontlines, to battle against COVID-19 after their commissioning was moved up. Reserve nursing officers volunteered for medical support as civilians, and about 35,000 troops participated in blood drives out of their own volition. The engineering corps dispatched to the Armed Forces Daegu Hospital created beds for those infected, and 12,000 troops and 6,000 pieces of military equipment have been mobilized to support disinfection and infectious disease prevention and control efforts across the country. Air Force transport planes made non-stop, 20-hour flights to bring 80,000 surgical gowns from Myanmar. The spirit of the West Sea heroes is embedded in the hearts of our soldiers. I believe the heroes will be proud of all of you who are practicing the spirit of a soldier’s duty to sacrifice himself for his country as a member of a “military dedicated to serve the people.” Fellow Koreans, We must win if we fight, but if we can win without fighting, we must choose that path. The strongest security is peace, and peace is the way to reciprocate the sacrifices of our fallen heroes. The Government is building strong security and peace based on its mighty military and impenetrable defense capabilities. By significantly expanding the defense budget over the past three years, this year, the Government has ushered in the era of a 50-trillion-won defense budget for the first time, and the Republic of Korea has emerged as the world’s sixth-largest military power. In 2018, South and North Korea suspended hostile military actions in the West Sea in line with the September 19 agreement in the military domain. Not a single armed conflict has occurred along the Northern Limit Line, which was safeguarded by our West Sea heroes, and their successors are steadfastly protecting our territory and territorial waters from bases at Pyeongtaek Navy 2nd Fleet Command and on the shore of Yeonhwa-ri, Baengnyeong Island, where monuments to the 46 warriors of the ROKS Cheonan have been erected.

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Our fishermen dream of catching a full haul in the peaceful fishing grounds our heroes have safeguarded in sight of the lighthouse on Yeonpyeong Island, which stands lit once more after 45 years. The Government will achieve permanent peace with strong security without fail. We will remember the sacrifices of our heroes with a firm readiness posture. We will open up the path for peace and prosperity along with the people who trust and support our military. The Government will do all it can to show respect for those who have sacrificed and dedicated themselves for the nation. The “fallen soldiers” of the 2nd Battle of Yeonpyeong were once regarded as those who died in the line of duty, rather than those recognized legally as having been killed in action. The Participatory Government devised provisions for honoring fallen soldiers in war, but these were not applied retroactively. The enforcement decree to the special act to compensate the soldiers killed in the 2nd Battle of Yeonpyeong was finally passed at the Cabinet Meeting in July 2018. It became possible, for the first time, to properly honor the soldiers who fought in the 2nd Battle of Yeonpyeong as war dead and –16 years after the battle – bestow the high recognition they deserve. It is truly meaningful, indeed. Last December, with the improvements in the pension payment criteria for the bereaved families of those who died on duty, the amount was raised and standardized to 43 percent of the monthly pay, regardless of their length of service. Moreover, a new system was introduced to increase the pension rate in proportion to the number of bereaved family members, thereby strengthening support for their livelihoods. We are preparing additional compensation measures for decorated veterans who have been injured during battle. The benefits for veterans who are injured during battle will be increased fivefold to 63.2 billion won next year from 16.3 billion won this year. It will be gradually raised to a level equal to 50 percent of the honorary benefits for war veterans. The provision of genuine welfare to decorated veterans and patriots will only be complete when they and their bereaved families can feel a sense of honor and self-esteem, and when such a scene fills the people with pride.

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 5th West Sea Defense Day

A country must take responsibility for the militaryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s loyalty and dedication until the end. We will make sure that the value of patriotism firmly takes root in the peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s daily lives by properly taking care of veterans and patriots so that veteransâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; welfare is not shaken by political changes. Fellow Koreans, war veterans and bereaved families, Patriotism is the most solid source of national security. It is the foundation of a country that cannot be shaken by anyone. So long as the patriotism of the heroes who defended the West Sea continues to remain in the hearts of men and women in uniform and the history of patriotism stays alive in the memories of the people, we can surmount any crisis. We affirm that our patriotism is being demonstrated today in the form of solidarity and cooperation while battling the COVID-19 outbreak. We are seeing a greater sense of patriotism that lets the people become a source of strength for each other, which is expanding in turn into cooperation within the international community. A myriad of living things inhabit a big, sturdy tree. Our patriotism will make the Republic of Korea a stronger and greater country and help write a new chapter in the history of peace and prosperity during the course of cooperation with the international community. Marking West Sea Defense Day today, we commemorate indomitable heroes and further renew our commitment to surmount the COVID-19 outbreak. The stories of the heroes who defended the West Sea will become the proud history of patriotism and be passed down to future generations forever. Thank you.

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April 03, 2020

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 72nd Anniversary Memorial Ceremony in Honor of Victims of Jeju April 3 Incident

Surviving victims and bereaved families of the 1948 Jeju April 3 Incident, residents of Jeju-do Province, The April 3 Incident is a deep sorrow for Jeju. It brings not only grief to this island but also immense pain to the modern history of the Republic of Korea. Jeju envisioned a genuine independence beyond liberation and aspired to peace and unification that transcended the nationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s division. Jeju residents were only trying to preserve national pride and to rebuild the reclaimed nation in its entirety. However, Jeju suffered horrible deaths for having envisioned such dreams before anyone else. Its ardent demand for establishing a unified government brought blowback, becoming an ideological trap dividing us. As we still dream of peace and unification and intend to achieve reconciliation and unity, we should share in Jejuâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s sorrow. We must go back to square one of the Jeju April 3 Incident and lay bare what was fabricated, what brought us under the yoke and what led to the deaths on Jeju at the sites of massacres on that day.

Anniversaries of National Events

Only when we begin to rewrite such chapters in our modern history in this way will the pain of Jeju be truly healed and will we be able to free ourselves from the hostility and confrontation that have plagued us for the past 72 years. I hope that the Jeju, which fell like camellia flowers for the sake of peace, will resurge as a Jeju that will make peace complete. The value placed on human rights, reconciliation and unity left behind by the victims is deeply engraved into my heart. I pray for the repose of the spirits of April 3 Incident victims who lost their lives to state violence and ideology. I offer my gratitude and respect to the bereaved families and Jeju residents who prevailed over a time of suffering and helped make Jeju what it is today.

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Fellow Koreans and Jeju residents, We are observing the anniversary of the April 3 Incident once again at a very grave and difficult time when we must overcome the COVID-19 outbreak. Keenly sensing the power of solidarity and cooperation, we are reaffirming how strong that power is making us. Even though the April 3 Incident has been distorted and shunned, it has unceasingly paved the way for reconciliation and healing. The Association of Bereaved Families of April 3 Incident Victims and the Jeju Police Veterans Association announced their reconciliation in 2013 and have been holding alternate events each year to pay tribute at the Loyal Dead Cemetery and the Jeju 4·3 Peace Park. Last year, members of the armed forces and the police stood before the souls of the April 3 Incident victims. They made an official apology to the innocent victims of Jeju and their surviving relatives. They also promised to join in efforts to restore the honor of the April 3 Incident and heal the wounds. The bereaved families and Jeju residents also held their hands in reconciliation and mutual support. The spirit of reconciliation and mutual benefit is bringing the hearts of Jeju residents together as one even amidst the COVID-19 outbreak. Jeju-do has launched its “protecting our neighborhoods ourselves” campaign, and 60 organizations from 43 towns, townships and villages are carrying out infectious disease prevention and control activities at as many as 27,000 public facilities. The Saemaul Female Leaders’ Association and a volunteer service center made face masks and gave them out to neighbors and local communities. The Society for a Better Tomorrow and the provincial youth association made portable hand sanitizers on their own and parceled them out to provincial residents. Jeju residents are sharing the pain felt by people across the country, beyond their own region. They delivered face masks and other supplies as well as charitable donations to Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do Province. Voluntary infectious disease prevention and control activities by Jeju residents have set such an example of private-public cooperation that Seoul,

Anniversaries of National Events

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 72nd Anniversary Memorial Ceremony in Honor of Victims of Jeju April 3 Incident

Gyeonggi-do, Incheon, Naju, Busan, Ulsan and other local governments have sought to learn from and emulate them. I am deeply grateful to the residents of Jeju for taking the lead and demonstrating the power of solidarity and cooperation in trying times. The resolution of the April 3 Incident issue is by no means a matter of politics or ideology. It is purely a matter of common sense and humane attitudes, which show empathy for the pain of neighbors and respect for people. This is the path to “justice and reconciliation” to settle past wrongs that trampled on human rights and life and to heal wounds in accordance with internationally established universal standards. As President, I pledge to do my best to ensure that the Jeju April 3 Incident blossoms fully to represent universal human values: reconciliation, mutual benefit, peace and human rights.

Fellow citizens and residents of Jeju-do, Truth is the foundation for forgiveness and reconciliation. It also constitutes the power to heal wounds caused by ideology-driven hostilities. In March this year, the first volume of a supplementary investigation report was published 16 years after the release of the Jeju 4·3 Incident Investigation Report. The new report recorded massacres, the disappearance of those imprisoned, preemptive arrests and the results of the exhumation of victims’ remains as well as village-specific damage. It shed light on the harm done to the educational community and students as well as accurately investigated the damage to soldiers, police officers and right-wing organizations. I extend my gratitude to the Jeju 4·3 Peace Foundation and related officials for their hard work to uncover the truth. This year’s high school Korean history textbook carries a longer and more-detailed description of the Jeju April 3 Incident. It clearly states that the April 3 Incident is about “the sacrifice of civilians by state authorities” and describes the state’s mobilization of violent means during its crackdowns. It is truly meaningful that the textbook also contains the efforts of Jeju residents to shed light on the truth and the spirit of reconciliation and mutual benefit.

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April 03, 2020

Jeju is now no longer lonely. The truth and sadness surrounding the April 3 Incident and endeavors for reconciliation and mutual benefit will be passed down to and remembered by our future generations, and this will serve as a compass for human rights, life, peace and unity for those generations heading for a better world. It is the countryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s obligation to embrace the agony of the victims of the Jeju April 3 Incident and bereaved families and restore their lives and honor upon the foundation of truth. Truth can lead to reconciliation and mutual benefit only when it meets justice. It is imperative for a nation to establish truth not only as historical justice but also as legal justice. Providing relief for those unjustly victimized goes to the heart of why a nation exists. The bill to revise the Special Act on Discovering the Truth of the Jeju 4.3 Incident and the Restoration of Honor of Victims includes the issues of reparations and compensation that constitute the foundation for a complete settlement of the Jeju April 3 Incident, but it is still pending in the National Assembly. Concerning the Jeju April 3 Incident, some victims have received only partial reparations through individual lawsuits or government funds for medical treatment and living expenses. However, statutory reparations and compensation have yet to be made. As President, I truly feel heavy-hearted about the slow pace. Still, the April 3 Incident is moving forward toward legal justice as well step by step. Last year, 18 surviving former prisoners won both a retrial and criminal compensation trial that they had initiated. Their claim stated that they had been unjustly tried by a military court. In Courtroom No. 201 of the Jeju District Court, acclamations erupted, â&#x20AC;&#x153;We are now innocent!â&#x20AC;? Justice Minister Choo Mi-ae, who is with us today, found a list of prisoners related to the April 3 Incident in the National Archives while serving as a lawmaker, and this list was ultimately used to prove their innocence. In the past year, Hyun Chang-yong, Kim Gyeong-in, Kim Sun-hwa and Song Seok-jin, elders among the former prisoners, passed away. However, the country has still yet to fulfill its most important duty and responsibility for the surviving victims and bereaved relatives.

Anniversaries of National Events

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 72nd Anniversary Memorial Ceremony in Honor of Victims of Jeju April 3 Incident

Not only the surviving victims but also the first-generation of bereaved relatives have already passed the age of 70, and the witnesses who remember the situation at that time are also at advanced ages. Under these circumstances, there is no longer any time for delays. The Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. once said, â&#x20AC;&#x153;Justice too long delayed is justice denied.â&#x20AC;? We are facing difficulties as our history has had many painful chapters in the process leading from liberation to division and war that we must resolve and overcome. We will, however, continue to make efforts to ensure that practical reparations and compensation are realized as fundamental justice while the victims and bereaved relatives are still alive. I ask for special consideration and support from politicians and the National Assembly to revise the Jeju 4Âˇ3 Special Act. In addition to these legislative efforts, the Government will promptly act accordingly. In 2018, the Government resumed the previously suspended registration project for April 3 Incident victims and bereaved families. The Committee on Discovering the Truth of the Jeju April 3 Incident and the Restoration of Honor of the Victims approved 90 previously unregistered victims and 7,606 of their bereaved relatives after reviewing new reports filed during the sixth registration period. Most of all, it is very significant that Song Jeong-sun became the first recognized sufferer of post-traumatic stress disorder among the April 3 Incident victims after she acquired PTSD from witnessing her father being killed. We will provide opportunities for additional reports so that not a single victim is omitted from the registration going forward. We will also continue to provide support for excavating remains and identifying DNA in order to return the remains to their respective relatives. The April 3 Incident Trauma Center will begin a trial operation from this April to heal the wounds and pain of the surviving victims and bereaved relatives. We will provide full support so that Jeju residents can bring closure to the pent-up agony in their hearts and cast off that yoke. When the related bills are enacted, we will make preparations to upgrade it to a national disaster trauma center.

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April 3 Incident surviving victims, bereaved relatives and fellow Koreans, The April 3 Incident is our past and our future. The Korean peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s efforts for reconciliation and peace began on the day of the April 3 Incident. The dream Jeju once dreamed is our dream today. Sorrow has remained as persistent as the falling of camellia flowers, but we have what we have today because weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve endured sorrow. I will not say yet that the time has come to forget the sorrow. I would like to say instead that amidst the sorrow, we should jointly herald the tomorrow that Jeju had dreamt of. The Government will move forward step by step toward reconciliation, mutual benefit, peace and human rights together with the residents of Jeju, bereaved relatives and the people. The stories of truth, justice and reconciliation that began from the April 3 Incident will remain for our descendants a touching history of recovering hope amidst sorrow. Thank you.

Anniversaries of National Events

April 11, 2020

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 101st Anniversary of Founding of Provisional Republic of Korea Government

Fellow Koreans, descendants of the Provisional Government’s leading figures and members of the “Heritage of Korean Independence" (formerly Korea Liberation Association), The Provisional Republic of Korea Government is the root of what we are today and the Republic of Korea’s legitimacy and spirit. Today, we are gathered to vividly honor the path chosen by the Provisional Government – the great journey toward our independence. We have joined together to forever engrave the fierce historic scenes and passionate lives of the people before us into the National Memorial of Korean Provisional Government. In December 2017, I became the first President of the Republic of Korea to visit the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea building in Chongqing, China. During my visit to that place imbued with our independence activists’ souls and spirit, I pledged to build the National Memorial of Korean Provisional Government. The Commemorative Committee for the Korean Provisional Government and its Chairman Kim Ja-dong, who first proposed the construction of the National Memorial in 2015, have worked hard toward that goal. The National Memorial of Korean Provisional Government Construction Commission and its Chair Lee Jong-chan have also made extensive efforts.

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Today, marking the 101st anniversary of the founding of the Provisional Republic of Korea Government, it is all the more overwhelming to hold a joint celebration and groundbreaking ceremony at last. I am deeply grateful for your hard work and offer my profound respect on behalf of the Korean people to the descendants of the Provisional Government’s leading figures and members of the “Heritage of Korean Independence,” who have been upholding the history and spirit of the Provisional Government for the past century.

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 101st Anniversary of Founding of Provisional Republic of Korea Government

Fellow Koreans, On April 11, 1919, the Provisional Republic of Korea Government established a democratic republic named the Republic of Korea by furthering our nationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s several-thousand-year-long history that was taken away by imperial Japan. It also declared Koreans to be the free people of a democratic, independent nation. It not only rejected any rule by a foreign nation but also transformed a history of sovereign rulers into a history of popular sovereignty, paving the way for a democratic republicâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s new chapter in history from absolute monarchy. Seodaemun Prison here is steeped in the blood of innocent men and women shed during the March First Independence Movement. The ordinary people who were awakened by the Movement turned into independence activists, and this place is instilled with their spirit. The Provisional Republic of Korea Government, born from the March First Independence Movement, carried out independence movements for as many as 27 years, which is unprecedented in world history. It finally achieved the liberation and liberty that has led to a democratic republic today, the Republic of Korea. The Provisional Government walked a path of tribulations and hardships, but it had never been alone. Donations paid with blood and sweat were sent to the Provisional Government from Koreans living on the home front and in China and the Maritime Province of Siberia as well as those in Hawaii and the state of California in the United States and those working on the sugarcane plantations in Mexico and the henequen plantations in Cuba. In 1935, the members of the Provisional Government left Shanghai to escape surveillance and attacks from Japanese forces and arrived in Chongqing in 1940 via such cities as Hangzhou, Zhenjiang, Changsha, Guangzhou, Liuzhou and Qijiang. They could endure such a long march that stretched for over as many as 6,000 km thanks to the Koreans in the homeland who harbored aspirations for independence. In 1941, the Provisional Government declared an all-out war against imperial Japan. In 1942, it created the Korean Liberation Army that mustered the capabilities of armed struggle against Japan through a left-right coalition within the independence movement forces. The Liberation Army conducted joint operations with the British Army in Myanmar and India.

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Thanks to the Provisional Government’s fierce struggle for independence and unrelenting diplomatic efforts, it became possible for the Republic of Korea to be among the countries to be granted independence from colonial rule as stipulated in the 1943 Cairo Declaration. What makes the Provisional Government truly exceptional is the fact that it changed the Korean people’s history and cultivated democratic capabilities while fighting to regain the lost country. It solidified the foundation of the Republic of Korea as a democratic republic through perseverance, dedication, solidarity and cooperation. Lee Dong-nyeong, the Provisional Government’s highest leader whose penname was Seokoh, bequeathed a motto, “Water trickling down a mountainside bores through rock.” At the foundation of that noble patriotism that did not succumb to adversity lie both the faith in and love for the courage exhibited by ordinary people and the greatness of human beings bravely standing up to injustice. Once again, I pay my profound tribute to the patriotic ancestors of the Provisional Government who devoted their entire lives to the independence of the country over a long period of time. Fellow Koreans, The most important reason for us to build the National Memorial of Korean Provisional Government is to keep the Provisional Government’s spirit at hand as a part of our contemporary history. The Provisional Government’s independence movement was not merely “anti-imperial Japan.” Along with “self-reliant independence,” it left behind a legacy of great spirits: “liberty and equality,” based on the essential values of human dignity; “harmony and unity,” which embrace the genders, the haves and have-nots, regions, social classes and ideologies; and “love for humanity,” which contributes to human culture and peace. We can fully sense the spirit of that day in the “provisional charter of the Republic of Korea” and the “Constitution of the Republic of Korea,” which were read today by Kim Won-woong, the chair of the “Heritage of Korean Independence,” and Jeong Go-eun, a student and greatgranddaughter of independence activist Yun Ki-sup, respectively.

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 101st Anniversary of Founding of Provisional Republic of Korea Government

The National Memorial of Korean Provisional Government will feature accounts of this land’s ordinary people, who rose to be the masters of our country, and about our numerous forebears who founded the Republic of Korea. Teachers and students, the religious, police officers and bureaucrats, doctors and nurses, nameless porters with A-frames and itinerant vendors, visually impaired persons, miners, tenant farmers, domestic servants and gisaeng will also be recorded as proud heroes in the history of the independence movement. The roots of our armed forces and police will be included as well. At the National Memorial, we will be proud of the fact that the roots of a “military that serves the people” also lie in the independence movement and the Provisional Government – the ROK Army, which started at Sinheung Military Academy and later evolved into the Korean Liberation Army; the ROK Air Force, which originated from the Korean Aviation Corp established in the U.S. state of California to nurture aviators and whose foundation was laid by the Air Force Design Committee under the Liberation Army’s General Headquarters; and the ROK Navy, which started from independence activists and their relatives and civilian merchant marine officers joining as volunteers. Independence activist Kim Gu – pen name Baekbeom, the Provisional Government’s first commissioner of the police bureau – stressed that the mission of the police should include “the spirit of self-reliant independence and yardsticks for patriotism and caring for the people’s welfare.” The police have relied on that same spirit to this day. We will take pride in the fact that the roots of a police force that safeguards “democracy, human rights and people’s lives” trace back to the Provisional Government. The fact that we achieved liberation on our own will be forever engraved within the National Memorial of Korean Provisional Government, which will be completed in 2021. We will confirm that the mainstream of our history was not pro-Japanese collaboration but the independence movement. The Government will not stop even for an instant commemorating the history of the independence movement and letting the people know about it. In so doing, we will ensure that the legacy of the March First Independence Movement and the spirit of the Provisional Government are carried on to this day and our future generations can confidently become the protagonists of new chapters in history.

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At the Cabinet Meeting on March 19, we decided to revise the Act on the Establishment and Management of National Cemeteries. It is intended to place the following under national management: 12 consolidated cemeteries for decorated independence activists nationwide, including the one in Hyochang Park, and 45 consolidated cemeteries for decorated patriots, including soldiers and police officers killed in the Korean War. The project to turn Hyochang Park into a space to commemorate the independence movement has been underway since last year. By 2024, it will be transformed into a space where the people can pay tribute to the lives and spirit of independence activists in the course of their daily lives. Welfare assistance for those who served the nation with distinction will be further strengthened. The number of hospitals entrusted with caring for those decorated patriots and their relatives will be increased from 320 last year to 420 this year and to 640 by 2022 so that convenient medical services will be available at nearby locations. When rehabilitation centers are built at four local veterans hospitals by 2022 – beginning with the opening of a rehabilitation center at the Veterans Hospital in Gwangju this year – the system incorporating medical care, rehabilitation and convalescence will be established in a manner that ensures greater convenience. This coming November, the construction of a nursing home covering Gangwon-do Province will be completed. We will do everything we can to make sure that the nursing home for Jeollabuk-do Province will be able to open next year as planned. Taking good care of and honoring decorated national patriots – those who dedicated themselves to independence, the defense of our fatherland and democratization – and their relatives is a measure that gauges the value of a nation’s existence and its dignity. We will fulfill our country’s duty so that decorated patriots and their bereaved relatives feel a sense of pride throughout their daily lives. Fellow Koreans, descendants of leading figures of the Provisional Government and members of the “Heritage of Korean Independence,”

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 101st Anniversary of Founding of Provisional Republic of Korea Government

As our forebears encouraged each other and overcame hardships a century ago with hope for liberation that would surely come, we are weathering this extraordinary and grave situation with COVID-19 through solidarity and cooperation today. Our citizens have made concessions in their daily lives with a mature sense of self-restraint and patience and are surmounting difficulties together by encouraging each other and sharing. I sense that the strong spirit of independence activists that did not break in the face of any ordeal is alive and breathing in the heart of our people. We’ve come to understand this world where we live together more deeply now while jointly responding to the COVID-19 outbreak. As we contemplate how our actions could impact others, we jointly practice measures for “ourselves.” The socio-economic crisis we are about to face beyond COVID-19 may end up being even more severe than we expect. However, no matter what crises we may face, we will again prevail through the united force of our people. While holding deep in our minds the spirit of independence activists and the weight of the responsibility given to us, we will band together and cooperate among ourselves in order to surmount the COVID-19 outbreak and, taking it a step further, will do the same with the world. The Provisional Republic of Korea Government has become a source of steadfast courage for us whenever we face ordeals and adversities. The National Memorial of Korean Provisional Government will always stand as one of the greatest sources of strength as we move toward a better democracy, envision peace and unification by going beyond division and hostility, and work to realize such human values as inclusiveness and mutual benefit. Thank you.

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April 19, 2020

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 60th Anniversary of April 19 Revolution

Fellow Koreans, April 19 Revolution national merit honorees and bereaved relatives, Today marks the 60th anniversary of the April 19 Revolution. It was the day when passionate aspirations – more fervent than life itself – implanted democracy deep in our hearts. Fierce resistance against a dictatorship made us recognize that justice could be revived if we united. We became democrats advancing toward a greater democracy. Since that fervent day, each year in April when azaleas are in full bloom and their falling petals flutter, we have remembered those souls who perished for democracy. An indomitable courage that never succumbs to dictatorship and an unstoppable hope have grown in our hearts. The April 19 Revolution was not a revolution that suddenly erupted one day. On February 28, 1960, high school students in Daegu were the first in that movement to hold aloft torches for justice while shouting “Down with the dictatorship.” On March 8, students in Daejeon responded in kind by waving “flags of democracy and liberty.” After the rigged March 15 presidential election, high school students and other residents of Masan took to the streets and staged righteous protests.

Anniversaries of National Events

As the horribly disfigured body of the martyr Kim Ju-yeol, a high school student, floated in the waters off Masan, the flames of the March 15 Pro-Democracy Uprising spread across the country. At last on April 19, students and citizens in Seoul rose up to end the dictatorship. The great values of the Republic of Korea – liberty, democracy, equality, justice and peace – surged forth again through the loud chants shouted by ordinary citizens. The April 19 Revolution resulted from the accumulation of all the people’s empathy and spirit of resistance for democracy. In 2018, the Government finally designated the February 28 Daegu Pro-Democracy Movement and the March 8 Daejeon Pro-Democracy Uprising as national days of commemoration. They came to be listed, along with the March 15 Masan Pro-Democracy Uprising, on the timeline of historic events leading to the April 19 Revolution. Today, we are joined by national merit honorees for the February 28 Daegu Pro-Democracy Movement, March 8 Daejeon Pro-Democracy Uprising, March 15 Masan Pro-Democracy Uprising and the April 19 Revolution, as well as bereaved relatives thereof. I extend my deepest respect and gratitude to the leading actors who planted the great history of democracy in this land 60 years ago.

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Fellow Koreans, The April 19 Revolution is the robust root of the Republic of Korea’s democracy. It was a revolution that brought those in power who had impaired popular sovereignty to justice and brought down political and social oppression. The power of every single citizen coalesced and reestablished the principle of a democratic republic: “The sovereignty of the Republic of Korea shall reside in the people and all state authority shall emanate from the people.” Students called for the democratization of schools, workers organized labor unions and teachers paved the way for educating democratic citizens. The bereaved families of the 1948 Jeju April 3 Incident and other relatives of civilians massacred across the country were able to break the forced silence and summon the courage to shed light on the truth. The period of democracy that the April 19 Revolution brought about was fleeting but intense. The period of dictatorship initiated by the May 16 military coup was long and dark, but the ideology of the April 19 Revolution was engraved as the spirit of our Constitution in the end. The people managed to weather harsh eras by relying on each other and encouraging one another with aspirations for democracy. Finally, they brought the spirit of the April 19 Revolution up to this commemoration today, following the candlelight revolution in 2016, the Busan-Masan Democratic Protests, the May 18 Democratization Movement and the June 10 Democratic Struggle. We must remember the great history of democracy in this land and, with pride in it, continue to march toward a more mature democracy. The power to cope with the current grave COVID-19 situation also originated from a selfmotivating civic consciousness inspired by the spirit of the April 19 Revolution. The people have made concessions in their daily lives by putting “we” before “I” and have jointly overcome these difficulties without any hoarding. I am very proud of the fact that the democracy we’ve safeguarded amid oppression as well as the solidarity and cooperation we’ve cultivated while sharing sorrow through tears are setting an example for the world as we suffer together.

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 60th Anniversary of April 19 Revolution

Currently, leaders from many countries around the world are also speaking about the importance of international cooperation. They agree that only global solidarity – not containment and isolation – can foster new hope. We know only too well that we can overcome this crisis once we join forces. Many tasks still remain, and we can’t afford to lower our guard until the last infected person is completely cured. Nevertheless, we will overcome COVID-19 without fail through strong solidarity and cooperation based on openness, transparency and democracy, thereby becoming a source of hope for the world.

Fellow Koreans, The International Monetary Fund has assessed that the world is now facing the worst economic downturn since the Great Depression of the 1920s and 30s. Our country is no exception. The IMF predicted that the Republic of Korea will register negative 1.2 percent growth this year. We must overcome not only the virus but also our worst economic crisis since the 1997 foreign exchange crisis. The key is to protect jobs. In order to maintain employment, we need to help businesses and workers and protect the lives of microbusiness owners and the self-employed. The IMF projected that Korea will top the list of 36 OECD member states this year in terms of economic growth rates. However, if many lose their jobs and people’s lives collapse amid concurrent declines in production, investment, consumption and exports, ranking 1st in terms of growth could never provide comfort. The Government will put all of its efforts into reviving the economy and safeguarding the lives of the people. However, the Government’s efforts alone cannot suffice amid a grave global economic crisis. Economic revival also necessitates the people’s solidarity and cooperation. In particular, it is absolutely necessary for labor and management to put their heads together and cooperate in order to protect jobs. The Government will provide preferential support to businesses that maintain employment through a labor-management agreement. In addition, the Government will strengthen the employment safety and social safety nets further for those who’ve lost their jobs.

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I ask the National Assembly and the people to come together to surmount the economic crisis that has struck us along with this infectious disease. I believe that expanding the political and civil democracy sought by the April 19 Revolution into a substantive democracy that guarantees the lives of all the people is the spirit of that revolution that we must manifest today. Our people have brought the world hope that the COVID-19 outbreak can be overcome and, simultaneously, have caught the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s attention with regard to how to respond to socioeconomic difficulties following the outbreak. If we can use the power of solidarity and cooperation based on openness, transparency and democracy to overcome the post-COVID-19 situation that the entire world will suffer together, we will be able to instill great courage in all of humanity. We will be able to create new global norms and standards for the economy, industry, education, healthcare, safety and many other areas. The Government will employ the united strength of the people to ready the post-COVID-19 new normal and new world order. Fellow Koreans, April 19 Revolution national merit honorees and bereaved relatives, The true lesson the April 19 Revolution teaches in this era is that yesterdayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s experiences make us who we are today and in the future. The Government has bestowed national merit decorations upon more of those who have devoted themselves to democratization in order to inherit the spirit of the April 19 Revolution along with the people. A total of 51 meritorious citizens related to the April 19 Revolution were newly recognized from last year to this year. It is very meaningful for me to personally bestow the National Foundation Medal upon five meritorious citizens and their relatives today. The Government will uncover the achievements of previously unidentified April 19 Revolution participants and engrave the names of each and every one into the chapters of history that chronicle our democracy and pay tribute to them.

Anniversaries of National Events

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 60th Anniversary of April 19 Revolution

This April 19 National Cemetery is sacred ground for our democracy. We will expand its now-limited burial capacity by 2022 so that we can honorably inter all of the decorated patriots here. Moreover, we will provide full support to ensure that the April 19 Revolution National Cultural Festival, which has been postponed to the second half of this year, can become a festival for all the people, befitting the significance of the Revolution’s 60th anniversary. The April 19 Revolution is the first democratization movement to have taken place among the countries that achieved independence after World War II, and it is also the beginning of student activism worldwide. In order to pay special tribute to its significance and bequeath the spirit of the April 19 Revolution to people around the world, the Government will seek to have its archives inscribed on the UNESCO Memory of the World Register. After the April 19 Revolution, poet Kim Su-young sang of “Grass”: “It weeps more quickly than the wind. It rises more quickly than the wind.” Our people practiced democracy by rising more quickly than the wind whenever the country experienced difficulties, and they have – in the course of surmounting the COVID-19 outbreak – reaffirmed once again how the democracy within us can exert its power. Every spring, azaleas overcome sorrow and beautifully color mountains and streams. The previous generation who stood together through the April 19 Revolution will be forever remembered as a symbol of democracy. Thank you.

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Selected Speeches â&#x2026;¢

Response to COVID-19

January 30, 2020

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting to Check Measures against New Coronavirus Infections

Todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s meeting has been convened to comprehensively check and discuss measures against new coronavirus infections. Mayors and provincial governors are also participating via video conferencing. Thank you for joining us. I urge the central and local governments to closely communicate and step up cooperation in order to prevent the spread of infections and minimize any negative impact on the economy for ordinary citizens. From today, some 700 Koreans isolated in Wuhan, China, will begin to return home. It seems they will actually start arriving from tomorrow. I appreciate the airline responsible for chartering the flights and its crew for their cooperation. It is the natural duty of the state to protect its peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s lives and safety no matter where they are. As of now, it has been confirmed that there has not been a single patient who has tested positive or a suspected case among the Koreans in Wuhan. Moreover, in accordance with consultations with the Chinese government, only those who are screened and showing no symptoms will be allowed to board the chartered flights. Upon arrival, they will be quarantined in facilities isolated from outside contact and tested over a certain period. These measures are intended not only to ensure the safety of the returnees but also to prevent infections in local communities through airtight containment. The Government understands the concerns of the residents who live near the facilities that will temporarily house those quarantined after returning from Wuhan. The Government has put in place sufficient

Response to COVID-19

measures and will thoroughly oversee the situation to help alleviate their apprehension. I ask for the residentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; understanding and cooperation. Once again, I promise that they do not need to feel any unease. In addition, cooperation with the Chinese authorities will continue regarding those Koreans who will remain in China. There can be no compromise when it comes to protecting public safety. Preparations should be made for all possible circumstances, and all necessary steps should be taken. The earlier preemptive preventive measures are employed, the more effective they are. These measures should be strong enough to the point of being considered excessive. The central and local governments must exert the utmost effort to prevent secondary infections by stretching their response capabilities to the maximum. I urge you to accelerate the already initiated complete screening of all entrants from Wuhan and to publicize its progress and outcome in a transparent manner. For those who cannot be reached, I ask for voluntary reporting. Monitoring and supervision systems have to be further strengthened for those with symptoms or who have come into contact with confirmed patients. I also urge you to speed up the review of provincial medical institutionsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; treatment and reporting methods, the expansion of screening stations and isolation wards in each region to prepare for further dissemination of the virus, and the securing of necessary

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January 30, 2020

personnel and supplies. As confirmed cases are being reported in numerous countries besides China, inflow routes for the virus could be diversifying. I ask you to craft measures to strengthen quarantine procedures at all air and seaports and in preparation for that possibility. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s not just the virus that we have to deal with. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s necessary to stand firm against undue anxiety and unfounded fear. The Government is able to provide the most accurate information the most promptly. I urge you to disclose all necessary information in the most transparent, swift and detailed manner in order to meet public expectations so that people will not withdraw from their daily lives and unnecessary misunderstandings and speculations will not arise. In particular, it is impossible to overemphasize the significance of stern responses to fake news. Not even the best infectious disease prevention and control system can operate without trust. At a time when it is necessary to pool national capabilities against the spread of a new infectious disease, producing and distributing fake news, which exacerbates distrust and anxiety, is a grave criminal act that hinders infectious disease prevention and control efforts and undermines the peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s safety. The ministries and agencies in charge are advised to take stern action with extra caution against fake news that steps beyond freedom of expression. The role of the media is also important. I ask for cooperation to overcome this novel coronavirus at the earliest date possible. I also ask lawmakers to, in the least, refrain from political wrangling over this issue. Meanwhile, what is worrisome is the possibility of an excessive contraction in economic sentiment. Normal economic activities should not be affected by anxieties. In particular, I ask all ministries to do everything they can to manage economic circumstances with the deputy prime minister and minister of economy and finance playing a central role. Comprehensive monitoring and countermeasures are essential with regard to the effect on our economy, including exports, investment, consumption and instability in domestic and overseas financial markets. Local economies as well as tourism, lodging and other service industries may incur additional hardships. I ask you, along with the local governments, to closely look into the ripple effects by region and industry sector and to establish policies that provide sufficient support as soon as possible to those areas that need administrative or financial assistance.

Response to COVID-19

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting to Check Measures against New Coronavirus Infections

At the same time, the difficulties for Korean companies doing business in China are also expected to grow until the situation caused by the new coronavirus there subsides. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;d like you to set up communication channels among the related agencies, Korean companies in China and business associations and provide active support to minimize damage. I also wish to make a request to the people. The weapon that can protect us from the new coronavirus is not fear and aversion but trust and cooperation. We have the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s best infectious disease prevention and control capabilities. We also have accumulated experience from past incidents. Moreover, the Government is doing its best. We will be able to prevail successfully provided that the people and local communities cooperate. If the central and local governments go to any length together to do their work and each and every one of us thoroughly sticks to the guidelines for preventing the spread of disease, we will be able to surmount this while minimizing damage from the new coronavirus. I believe that the people possess the maturity needed, and the Government will double its efforts as well.

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February 03, 2020

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting with His Senior Secretaries

The number of novel coronavirus patients and deaths in China is soaring, and the World Health Organization has declared a global health emergency. Amidst this situation, the number of confirmed cases in Korea is also increasing. In response, the Government is exerting its utmost effort to prevent the spread of the infectious disease. Infectious disease prevention and control authorities as well as countless medical professionals are working their hardest day and night on the frontlines of infectious disease prevention and control. Moreover, private-public collaboration has been able to successfully put in place a new test method that will help drastically reduce the time and steps needed for testing and further accelerate responses. I am deeply grateful to all those who are anxiously dedicating themselves to protecting the people’s lives and health. I hope that our people will also show encouragement and support to these heroes. More than anything else, I extend my profound respect and gratitude to our people for their highly developed civic awareness. In particular, we’ve all been greatly moved by the inclusive spirit of the residents of Jincheon and Asan, who’ve embraced the Koreans returning from Wuhan with a broad mind, and the way members of the local Korean community and the Consulate General in Wuhan have demonstrated mutual caring amid this difficult situation.

Response to COVID-19

Just as one citizen noted, “We’re a social safety net for one another”; we have reaffirmed once again that the power to surmount crises always stems from the people. Trusting in the potential of our people, the Government will gather all available capabilities to deal with the situation going forward. The situation might only be just beginning. There is no telling yet how far it will spread and when it will end. The Government will tackle the situation with extraordinary determination in full recognition that we are now at a critical juncture. The crisis alert level will be maintained where it is currently: the second-highest level, but the Government will make a preemptive response by carrying out measures that actually correspond to the highest level. Accordingly, a pan-government, all-out response system led by the Prime Minister personally will be up and running. Strong measures will continue to be taken to contain the spread of the virus. To keep the virus from spreading, we have to muster all of our capabilities in order to prevent even a slight breach from forming in the network of infectious disease prevention and control. We’ll have to conduct thorough epidemiological investigations as well as keep track of suspected cases to stem secondary and tertiary infections. In particular, we must actively respond to people’s fears. I urge you to pay extraordinary attention to strengthening infectious disease prevention and control measures at facilities for children such as daycare centers, kindergartens and schools as well as other public facilities.

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February 03, 2020

There are also concerns about cases overseas where people without symptoms have tested positive and the possibility of transmission by asymptomatic individuals. Keeping even this highly unlikely possibility in mind, we will expand the targets of supervision as much as we can. To this end, the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention should play a pivotal role in pooling the capabilities of academics who specialize in infectious diseases and the medical community, and I ask the central and local governments to establish a robust system of cooperation between them. China is the Republic of Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s largest trading partner and source of people-to-people exchanges. Hardships for China can directly lead to our own hardships. It is necessary to join forces to overcome the current emergency situation and provide unstinting support and cooperation as a neighboring country. When we jointly shoulder our neighborâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s pain and unite without turning a blind eye to it, we can become genuine neighbors and march toward the future together. Meanwhile, we have no other choice but to further strengthen our immigration controls to protect our people. Several other countries around the world are also enforcing restrictions on entry at different levels or taking measures to strengthen immigration controls to prevent the inflow and spread of the infectious disease. Restricting the entry of foreign nationals who stayed in or visited Hubei Province and ending visa-free travel to Jejudo Island on a temporary basis, among others, are unavoidable measures to protect the safety of the people. I ask for active cooperation to ensure that Korean nationals who have visited Hubei or come in contact with confirmed patients thoroughly comply with measures to place themselves under quarantine at home. We will also have to work out ways to compensate for the sacrifices being made to prevent the spread of the infectious disease by the people held in quarantine, the medical professionals working on treatments and others. I also urge you to do all you can to come up with measures to assist such sectors as the self-employed and tourism-related businesses that can suffer direct damage as a result of novel coronavirus and to provide the vulnerable with masks, hand sanitizers and other protections.

Response to COVID-19

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting with His Senior Secretaries

The situation caused by the novel coronavirus outbreak is expected to weigh heavily on our economy, but I ask you to deal with the issue by putting the peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s safety before the economy. The hardship facing us now may get even more serious, but we will prevail in the end. We have accumulated experience, infectious disease prevention and control ability at the national level and the mature civic awareness of the people. It is neither desirable nor helpful to solving the problem if some people exploit fears to spread distrust and incite aversion. Trust and cooperation, not fear and aversion, are the real ways to overcome this. We will weather this crisis calmly and wisely through swift and extraordinary responses on our part, seamless cooperation with local governments and communities and close coordination with the international community. I would like the people to have confidence that if we join hands, we will be fully capable of accomplishing this.

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February 04, 2020

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 5th Cabinet Meeting

Let me begin the 5th Cabinet Meeting. Todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Cabinet Meeting is mainly for responding to the novel coronavirus. The need for close cooperation and coordination between central and local governments is integral to containing the spread of this infectious disease in local communities. For this reason, we are being joined by four heads of local governments today â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Seoul Mayor Park Won-soon, Gyeonggi-do Governor Lee Jae-myung, Chungcheongbuk-do Governor Lee Si-jong and Chungcheongnam-do Governor Yang Seung-jo. The four of them are participating in a representative capacity, but I urge all local governments to mobilize every available resource in cooperation with the central government in order to keep the virus from spreading in their communities. Protecting the lives and safety of the people is the raison d'etre of a nation and the basic duty of government. The Government is responding to the current situation by mustering all national capabilities to protect our people from the spread of the novel coronavirus. The Prime Minister is at the forefront of making emergency responses that correspond to the highest alert level. To minimize the inflow of this infectious disease, weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve strengthened immigration controls and begun to phase in restrictions on the entry of foreign nationals.

Response to COVID-19

The Government has established a closely-knit infectious disease prevention and control network with all possible virus transmission routes in mind. It is also exerting the utmost effort to stem the spread of the virus in local communities. The Government will embark on a mission to end the novel coronavirus outbreak with an extraordinary resolve not to lower our guard and not to allow even one lax moment or the slightest breach. Meanwhile, the Government will use this as an opportunity to work on enhancing our capabilities to conduct preventive responses and research into infectious diseases at the national level. We will do this by assigning roles, sharing information and promoting cooperation between relevant academic associations in the private sector and public institutions led by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We have sufficient capabilities to prevail over this situation. I hope that the people will put their confidence in the Government and pool their strengths to help overcome the hardships. The economy – which had been showing positive signs earlier this year – and people’s livelihoods have come to suffer again due to this unexpected variable. The novel coronavirus is disrupting consumption, tourism, cultural activities and leisure, even constricting the everyday lives of ordinary people. It is bound to have a negative impact on consumer sentiment and domestic demand, which have been rebounding, and put an increasing burden on the Korean economy. In China – which accounts for one-fourth of our exports and one-third of our inbound tourists – factories are coming to a halt, trips abroad are being suspended and component supply chains are being disrupted. As a result, difficulties facing our exports, tourism and industrial sites are starting to materialize. It’s a lamentable situation but something we have to cope with and navigate through. It’s a mountain and river that we cannot avoid crossing. The Government’s role is to alleviate those burdens on the national economy that are becoming more tangible and to respond to the plight of domestic companies in a responsible manner while placing priority on taking allout measures to stop the spread of the virus and put an end to it at the earliest date possible. Preparing for the worst-case scenario – a prolonged outbreak – we’ll have to expedite devising various measures to minimize any shock or damage to our economy. As difficulties grow serious, the answer can be found where they occur. When uncertainty heightens, it is crucial to enhance communication with those on the scene. It is necessary to strengthen communication with regions, industries and businesses as well as to work out active support measures.

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February 04, 2020

We need to actively address the difficulties of our companies operating in China and strengthen support for SMEs struggling to export to help them secure trade financing and market access. We must actively assist their procuring of urgently needed parts and materials and diversifying exports in addition to our efforts to broaden the path for those Korean companies returning from abroad. Government-backed financing and various other measures will have to be put in place to assist less-established self-employed business owners who experience a more difficult time whenever the economy is in a downturn. Local economies are a huge concern as well. I ask you to immediately lay out support measures through active cooperation with local governments so that local economies, including regional industries and tourism services, do not experience contraction. The Government must remain unwavering and continue to do what it can in a steady manner. I urge you to begin by swiftly implementing fiscal plans as scheduled. When the private sector undergoes a hardship, the Government should add vigor to the economy by quickly making fiscal investments. Although the internal and external economic conditions are not favorable, change and innovation must continue. We will have to further accelerate regulatory innovation and pool our strength to ensure that new technologies and industries become new growth engines that will help usher in the future of our economy. Cooperation among government ministries and agencies has become more urgent. We have already eliminated barriers between the ministries and agencies in response to Japanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s export restrictions and built the foundation to move toward a stronger economy while overcoming difficulties by promoting self-sufficiency in the materials, parts and equipment industries and improving their competitiveness. As such, we will have to respond wisely by strengthening collaboration among the ministries and agencies even amid this emergency and seize any opportunity for an economic recovery.

Response to COVID-19

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 5th Cabinet Meeting

The economy is a state of mind. Exaggerated fear and anxiety will cause our economy to experience more difficulties. The Government will have to stop fake news and provide information related to this infectious disease swiftly and accurately. We must keep in mind that the Government fulfilling its responsibility to prevent the people from feeling apprehensive is directly connected to our economy. I also urge the people to pull together by properly dealing with inaccurate information so that public opinion is formed in an appropriate manner that helps solve the situation. Thank you.

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February 25, 2020

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Special Meeting in Daegu for COVID-19 Countermeasures

Fellow citizens in Daegu and Gyeogsangbuk-do Province, please be strong. We are fully able to overcome the COVID-19 outbreak and will by all means prevail. The central and local governments as well as the private and public sectors are all pooling their strengths. Local residents and all of the people are adding to those strengths by taking on leading roles regarding infectious disease prevention and control measures. The Mayor of Daegu, Governor of Gyeongsangbuk-do, relevant officials at the regional headquarters for countermeasures as well as those from the Governmentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s joint support group and private institutions are strenuously working on the frontlines of the battle with COVID-19. I highly appreciate all of their hard work and send words of encouragement. In particular, I express my profound respect and gratitude for the dedicated efforts of medical professionals and infectious disease prevention and control workers who are struggling with this infectious disease day and night. More than anything else, I extend my deepest sympathy and words of encouragement to the citizens of Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do, who are suffering a great deal of pain. In spite of this daunting situation in which their daily lives are being threatened, they are pulling together in a calm and composed manner to help bring the situation under control. Even though devastated in a matter of days by a sudden disaster, they have put up with inconveniences and voluntarily taken on the pivotal role in the implementation of infectious disease prevention and control. I am grateful to them for coming together to surmount this crisis.

Response to COVID-19

People across the country are sending messages of support, “Stay strong. We’ll come through this together.” With Gwangju and Jeollanam-do Province leading the way, different parts of the country continue the outpouring of warm-hearted support by sending supplies for infectious disease prevention and control and daily necessities. Once again, I realize that national unity does not lie in a slogan but in the spirit and practice of bearing difficulties together. The Government will win the battle against this virus without fail together with Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do by gathering all means available across the nation. The Government has launched an all-out support system nationwide, including the deployment of troops and police and the dispatch of private medical personnel. We must prevent COVID-19 from spreading within the region as well as into other regions. The expression “enforce maximum containment policy” came out in this morning’s briefing on the outcome of a high-level Government-ruling party consultative meeting. I’d like to make it clear that it did not mean a regional lockdown but rather blocking the transmission and spread as much as possible. As there was potential for misunderstanding, I’ve clarified it once again. What matters is timing and speed. We must achieve a clear turning point in the ever increasing number of confirmed cases within this week. From this evening, the Prime Minister will be stationed here and personally take command in the field in his capacity as the head of the Central Disaster and Safety Countermeasures Headquarters. By mobilizing all available resources, the Government will do everything it can so that the situation can deescalate as soon as possible. Meanwhile, the Government is working out special support measures to ease the social and economic damage that Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do are suffering. This region is literally becoming a compound crises zone. In addition to the direct harm from the catastrophe, the disease is inflicting enormous damage to ordinary people’s livelihoods and daily lives. The Government will swiftly disburse an emergency budget that includes special grants and reserve funds. The situation is so grave that the designation of special management zones will not be enough. To provide sufficient fiscal assistance, the Government will actively reflect such costs when drawing up the supplementary budget after obtaining approval from the National Assembly. I believe that the Assembly will come together. If we all pool our strengths, there is nothing that we cannot surmount. All of us – the Government and the people – are standing with Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do. Let us prevail together with confidence and courage. Thank you.

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March 19, 2020

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 1st Emergency Economic Council Meeting

The Government has unquestionably transitioned to emergency mode. The Emergency Economic Council will go into high gear from today. This Council will play the role of a central economic response headquarters like the Central Disease Control Headquarters. The Government renews its firm determination to cope with this global economic emergency. More than anything else, we must make decisions expeditiously and act boldly. The Emergency Economic Council should become a meeting for decisions and actions, not for discussion and review. Today, the inaugural Emergency Economic Council will decide on its first steps to address financial concerns and prevent the bankruptcy of SMEs, microbusiness owners and the self-employed; they make up the foundation for the household economy of low-income families. This is a special emergency financial measure in the amount of 50 trillion won. As a package program to stabilize people’s livelihoods and finances, it is an unprecedentedly comprehensive approach both in scale and content. All entities in the financial sector together with the Government and the Bank of Korea have joined forces to provide sufficient liquidity to SMEs, microbusiness owners and the self-employed and mobilized all available means. If necessary – depending on how the situation unfolds – we will continue to increase the scale of support as well.

Response to COVID-19

In particular, the Bank of Korea has played a great role in determining this special measure. Not only financial and fiscal authorities but also the central bank and state-owned financial institutions as well as commercial banks and even non-bank financial institutions have come together as one for cooperation and participation. This is the first time that this has happened. I am grateful to the Bank of Korea for its proactive efforts to lead the financial sector across the board while responding dutifully to a national economic emergency in its capacity as the central bank â&#x20AC;&#x201C; in addition to its surprise benchmark interest rate cut. The focus of todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s inaugural meeting is on resolving the financial difficulties facing those SMEs, microbusiness owners and self-employed hit hardest by the COVID-19 outbreak. First of all, new emergency management funds for microbusiness owners have expanded to about 12 trillion won. The lending institutions involved will include commercial banks, allowing the eligible to take out loans at very low interest rates of about 1.5 percent at any relevant institution. In addition, special guarantee support totaling 5.5 trillion won will be provided to SMEs and microbusiness owners. This support is expected to help the self-employed and microbusiness owners who are most in trouble.

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March 19, 2020

Additionally, several crucial and urgent measures will be implemented in a prompt manner. First, the extension of loan principal due dates will be expanded to include all financial institutions. For the first time ever, the entire non-bank financial sector – savings banks, insurance companies, the National Credit Union Federation of Korea, the Korean Federation of Community Credit Cooperative and credit card companies – participated in extending loan maturity. This is a measure to alleviate the loan repayment burdens of SMEs and microbusiness owners. Second, all of the financial institutions in the nation also agreed to postpone SMEs and microbusiness owners’ interest payments on loans, a move to lessen their financial burdens as sales have fallen sharply due to the COVID-19 outbreak. Third, a full-guarantee program for less-established microbusiness owners will be implemented for the first time. Through funds totaling 3 trillion won, a full guarantee will be provided to those with annual sales of less than 100 million won for loans up to 50 million won, allowing them to get a loan at low interest rates promptly and conveniently. I would like to make a special request once more. No matter how good the measures are, they will be effective only if they operate properly on the ground. Those who cannot afford to wait even one day should not see the types of financial assistance laid out today as “pie in the sky.” After all, how fast support can be provided matters. I ask you to properly carry out supervision – diminish the anticipated bottleneck that will form as loan guarantee evaluations pile up and drastically streamline loan appraisal standards and procedures – so that these loans can be of help in time. To ensure vigorous financial support, we must encourage and back up the relevant efforts of state-run financial institutions and private sector financial companies by exempting them from responsibility for their proactive measures – a practice applied to public servants showing initiative in the course of their administrative duties. The Financial Services Commission has made it clear that active offers of financial support to those eligible will be exempt from liability. I ask you to attentively supervise and scrutinize to ensure that swift and urgent monetary assistance can be actively provided on the frontlines.

Response to COVID-19

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 1st Emergency Economic Council Meeting

The steps announced today constitute the financial support most urgently requested by microbusiness owners and others. However, these are only part of the necessary measures. To weather this economic crisis, we need many more countermeasures. We also have to weigh support measures for those who lost their source of income or jobs due to the COVID-19 outbreak. As there is a limit to the Governmentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s financial resources, cooperation with local governments will also be needed. Since this situation is not business as usual, we need to break away from standard approaches. Preventing the collapse of peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s lives is the top priority. I urge you to make preparations so that effective support measures for the vulnerable can be discussed at the earliest possible date.

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March 24, 2020

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 2nd Emergency Economic Council Meeting

Let me begin the 2nd Emergency Economic Council meeting. The global economy is in a crisis, and gauging when it will end is difficult. Our economy is taking an enormous hit because we are so heavily dependent on foreign markets. Our businesses are especially in immense trouble, and they, as the main players in production and investment, represent the very foundation of our economy. No one is exempt. Selfemployed business owners, small and medium-sized businesses, and the major corporations in Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s flagship industries are all affected. The collapse of the global supply chain is disrupting production and exports, which is eroding business performance and causing corporate credit ratings to plunge. These developments could trigger a liquidity crisis for businesses. Thus, countermeasures are urgently needed. The 2nd Emergency Economic Council meeting today starts with the Governmentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s resolute determination to protect Korean businesses by all available means. The Government will serve as a stalwart seawall that stems the tidal wave of crisis descending upon our businesses. We will unfailingly prevent the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak from driving businesses into bankruptcy. Healthy and competitive businesses will never be allowed to become insolvent because of a temporary liquidity shortage. We will provide proactive support to those businesses that have the capability to prevail in these hard times so long as they have access to financing.

Response to COVID-19

To this end, we have determined to inject an emergency relief fund valued at 100 trillion won, double the original 50-trillion-won special emergency financial measure decided on during the 1st Emergency Economic Council meeting. The injection of this emergency relief fund is designed to offer fail-safe support to not only microbusiness owners and SMEs but even the leading players in the mainstay industries, covering both the blue-chip companies and the less profitable ones. This is an extraordinary, preemptive measure to safeguard our businesses and, at the same time, a mission to preserve peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s jobs by rescuing businesses. As an addition to the 22.5 trillion won in financial support announced last time for SMEs, microbusiness owners and the self-employed, the measure this time will provide large-scale financial assistance to support the operations of SMEs and mid-market companies; help stabilize the corporate bond market, where a credit crunch looms; and calm the volatile stock market. First, we will provide an additional 29.1 trillion won in operating funds to SMEs and midmarket companies to address their overpowering financial straits. Loan guarantees will increase to 7.9 trillion won, and on top of that, state-owned financial institutions will provide 21.2 trillion won in loans. We will prevent businesses from collapsing due to a temporary lack of funds, including even large companies if necessary. Next, we will raise a bond market stabilization fund worth 20 trillion won to resolve temporary financial difficulties that sound companies could face due to financial market instability. We will also help meet the demand for short-term funds by purchasing corporate bonds and bills. Weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve doubled the original 10 trillion won earmarked for this purpose.

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March 24, 2020

In addition, we will provide 17.8 trillion won in separate funds to companies momentarily strapped for liquidity because of the COVID-19 outbreak. We will actively support corporate bond purchases through the primary collateralized bond obligations and the fast underwriting system for corporate bonds as well as provide sufficient liquidity to the call money market. A total of 11.1 trillion won will be added to the originally planned 6.7 trillion won to bolster our support. We will also launch a stock market stabilization fund worth 10.7 trillion won. The amount has increased 20 times from 500 billion won created during the 2008 global financial crisis, and the participation of financial institutions has also expanded significantly. The fund will protect investors and serve as a safety valve for the stock market by investing in indexes instead of individual company shares. I extend my gratitude to the financial institutions for their active participation, and the Government will also work hard to resolve their difficulties. At today’s meeting, we will also discuss separate employment support measures. When businesses undergo hardships, the employment situation can deteriorate rapidly. The reason the Government is taking quick action to assist businesses in response to their hardships is ultimately to stabilize employment. Distressed businesses in rapidly increasing numbers have recently been applying for subsidies in exchange for retaining employees. I ask you to vigorously review the ways to increase these subsidies tremendously. Moreover, swift measures are needed to defer or exempt payment for the four major social insurance premiums and bills for electricity and other utilities. This will both support individuals’ livelihoods and lower businesses’ expenses, thereby helping to retain jobs. I urge you to quickly conclude these measures at today’s meeting so that they can be of assistance to both the businesses and the people undergoing hardships generally. I also ask you to make sure that they will be put into force right away, from April 1. I call upon you to get ready by considering the overall fiscal cost for effective measures to support livelihoods, so that we can quickly finalize our decisions at our upcoming third meeting. The biggest victims of the COVID-19 outbreak are the people. I ask you to quickly and clearly demonstrate the Government’s determination to protect their means to make a living.

Response to COVID-19

March 25, 2020

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting with Producers of COVID-19 Diagnostic Kits Approved for Emergency Use

I am glad to meet you all. To identify one confirmed case quickly is to save that patientâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s life, and it is the beginning of all infectious disease prevention and control measures. Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s infectious disease prevention and control efforts have been generating results thanks to swift screening, speedy confirmation, quick quarantine and prompt treatment in addition to the highest test accuracy in the world. Your innovative hard work and the dedication of medical professionals are helping us overcome the COVID-19 outbreak. I am truly grateful to all of you. Today, I am visiting Seegene, a COVID-19 diagnostic kit developer, to show our people how greatly our diagnostic reagent producers have performed, making us very proud. I am also here to bring hope to the international community. Also joining us are representatives from KogeneBiotech, Solgent, SD Biosensor and BioSewoom, whose diagnostic kits have been approved for emergency use. I was told that even the staff at research institutes are participating in the manufacture of diagnostic kits as demand for them is soaring in and outside the country. I deeply express my respect and encouragement to all of those who are working hard day and night even during weekends and holidays. You are working on the frontlines of the efforts to surmount the virus. Our infectious disease prevention and control measures against COVID-19, which the world has deemed remarkable, start from you.

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March 25, 2020

With a sharp decrease in new confirmed cases and a faster increase in the number of those recovering fully, our infectious disease prevention and control measures have been showing palpable results. All of this has been possible thanks to the rapid development of diagnostic kits, which enabled us to get off to a good start in response to this infectious disease. Moreover, many of these kits have already been shipped overseas. According to Seegene, about 95 percent of its diagnostic kits are being exported. As such, they are contributing to the infectious disease prevention and control efforts of countries around the world and also giving a boost to our economy at the same time. Despite persistent difficulties, the people harbor great pride and hope thanks to all of you making achievements on both the infectious disease prevention and control and economic fronts. One’s true abilities are revealed in times of crisis. From mid-January this year when not a single confirmed case was reported in Korea, you started developing diagnostic reagents ahead of any other companies in the world and utilized artificial intelligence to significantly shorten the development period. By using real-time gene amplification testing technology, you have shortened a test time from more than one day to less than six hours. Five companies here produce enough diagnostic kits to test 135,000 people a day. For its part, the Government has also drastically eased regulations to support crisis responses and innovation in the private sector. We’ve promptly implemented an emergency use authorization system that greatly simplified the evaluation procedures, thus making it possible to complete the usual one-and-a-half-year approval process in just one week. I have to praise the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety for its swift administrative work in this regard. As of now, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety is also carrying out considerable work so the public can purchase evenly rationed face masks. I’ve been briefed that it will soon be possible to increase the number of masks that an individual can purchase per week to three or four from the current two. As our students’ first day of school draws near, I ask you to bring forward the maximization of mask supply.

Response to COVID-19

In addition to investments in R&D for cures and the establishment of a research institution for novel viruses, which are already reflected in the supplementary budget bill, the Government will continue to play an active role to improve the overall competitiveness of domestic bio-venture industries. Global cooperation on both infectious disease prevention and control and the economy has now become very urgent. The diagnostic capabilities of Korean companies will play a significant role in global cooperation. The World Health Organization singled out Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s responses to the COVID-19 outbreak as exemplary cases, citing our development of innovative testing strategies and the efforts to thoroughly trace, diagnose and isolate those who came in contact with an infected person. A while ago, the U.S. broadcaster CNN visited Seegene here and reported at length about how it developed its diagnostic kit in just three weeks. As such, major international media outlets have shown great interest in Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s fast diagnostic technology, the swift approval of test kits and infectious disease prevention and control responses. Recently, a number of countries have officially requested the provision of diagnostic reagents at the government level, in addition to the export consultations within the private sector. Yesterday, President Trump also made a request for urgent shipments of infectious disease prevention and control supplies such as diagnostic kits. The Government will vigorously support your companiesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; exports. There are many areas in which businesses and the Government should work together. Let us turn this crisis into an opportunity and create new examples of global cooperation together. On behalf of the people, I express my gratitude once more to all of you who have made us confident that we can overcome the COVID-19 outbreak.

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March 26, 2020

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at G20 2020 Extraordinary Virtual Leaders Summit

I would like to first begin by thanking Mr. Chair for his leadership in convening the Extraordinary Virtual Leaders' Summit today. The effects of COVID-19 have posed a serious threat to global healthcare systems, and have severely contracted the global real economy and financial markets. Yet, we do have the experience of having surmounted the 2008 global financial crisis. And, with G20 members united in solidarity, I am confident that we shall prevail over these difficult times. Over the last 2 months, Korea has been at the center of the COVID-19 challenge. The time is never right for complacency, yet preemptive and transparent infectious disease prevention and control measures, combined with the public's voluntary and democratic participation in such efforts, are bringing gradual stability. Since the early days of the COVID-19 outbreak, my administration has adhered to the three principles of openness, transparency and democracy in its response. We identified new cases by conducting an overwhelming number of tests, and have meticulously tracked down transmission pathways.

Response to COVID-19

Moreover, confirmed cases and their close contacts were all placed in isolation and banned from travelling abroad. Doing so, we believed was the best way to curb the spread of infection and reduce the loss of lives. In this process, all creative tools at our disposal have been mobilized. Highly accurate diagnostic reagents that enable quick tests were developed at an early stage. For swift and timely testing and infection prevention, ‘drive-through’ screening stations were set up. Also, an IT-enabled “self-quarantine app” and ‘self-health-check app’ were deployed to closely monitor those under self-isolation. Furthermore, in accordance with the WHO's recommendation, we minimized restriction on cross-border movements of people and goods while undertaking measures to maximize the impact of infectious disease prevention and control through "special entry procedures". We have not imposed a total restriction on inbound travelers from abroad, but for those travelling from countries with large-scale outbreaks, regardless of their nationalities, we perform comprehensive tests from the point of arrival to contain the inflow of infectious agents from abroad and also to protect the travelers themselves. Taking it a step further, all relevant information has been made available at home and abroad in a speedy and transparent manner. The number of new confirmed cases and tests conducted, geographical distribution as well as all other epidemiological information are being updated and released on a daily basis.

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Korea remains committed to continuously improving and refining infectious disease prevention and control measures and seeks to share our successful response model with the international community. To ensure that COVID-19 does not lead to serious contractions in consumption, investment and industrial activities, the Korean government is implementing bold expansionary macroeconomic policies and financial stabilization measures totaling 100 billion US dollars (132 trillion won). First, in order to relieve the burden on affected businesses, micro-business owners and the self-employed, as well as to boost consumption, we prepared an assistance package worth 26 billion USD. Second, in an effort to support businesses faced with a liquidity shortage due to COVID-19, we are providing emergency funding of 80 billion US dollars (100 trillion won). We did this because businesses must survive in order for our people to keep their jobs, and these jobs must be secured for the economy to thrive. My administration is rapidly implementing these measures, and if need be, we will seek other additional measures as well. The Korean government would like to make the following proposals, to further bolster international solidarity and coordinate our policy response to overcome the COVID-19 crisis. First, the G20 member countries must share all of our clinical data and infectious disease prevention and control experiences from combatting the crisis, as well as work together towards developing therapeutics and a vaccine. Furthermore, we must cooperate in providing support to nations with lesser developed healthcare systems. With regard to the international communityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s endeavors to develop a vaccine for COVID-19, engage in development cooperation for health services and ramp up the capacity of developing countries to combat epidemics, Korea will be there every step of the way.

Response to COVID-19

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at G20 2020 Extraordinary Virtual Leaders Summit

Second, we must use all available means to adopt expansionary macroeconomic policies, strengthen the global financial safety net, and work together for the economic stability of the least-developed and impoverished nations. The Republic of Korea supports the G20 presidency’s proposal to draw a G20 action plan, and we hope there will be in-depth discussions in the near future about the specific ways for cooperation. Third, in order to minimize COVID-19’s negative repercussion on the global economy, it is vital that countries maintain the flow of essential economic exchanges. To that end, to the extent that we do not undermine any one country’s efforts at infectious disease prevention and control, I propose that we seek ways to allow for the travel of essential persons such as scientists, medical professionals, and business leaders. The world witnessed the significant contribution that the G20 made in overcoming the 2008 global financial crisis, and now, with the COVID-19 crisis, the world is looking to the G20 for its strong leadership once more. I hope that today’s summit will serve as an opportunity to reaffirm the G20 members’ solidarity to overcome COVID-19 together. Thank you.

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March 30, 2020

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 3rd Emergency Economic Council Meeting

We are nearing victory against the COVID-19 outbreak, but my heart is very heavy because a considerable number of people have lost their lives in the process. The fact that our mortality rate is relatively low compared to those of other countries provides no sense of comfort. I extend my deepest sympathy and consolation to all COVID-19 victims and their bereaved families. Among infectious disease prevention and control measures, the efforts to reduce the number of deaths are more important than anything else. I urge you to put forth extraordinary infectious disease prevention and control efforts for vulnerable communal facilities, including, in particular, mental hospitals, convalescent hospitals and nursing homes that house those with high mortality rates as a result of advanced age, underlying illnesses and weak immune systems. Our infectious disease prevention and control efforts are now being highly praised around the world thanks to our people who have put their trust in government measures and are actively participating in infectious disease prevention and control procedures with firm solidarity and cooperation. The method for overcoming the economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 outbreak may be the same. In our current situation, no one can predict just how extensive and deep the scars left behind on the global economy by the COVID-19 pandemic will be or how long those scars will last.

Response to COVID-19

The going is difficult right now and, worse yet, the future is uncertain as well. We need a long-term approach to turning around the economy at the end of a dark tunnel while tackling the immediate difficulties. Despite this hardship, the Government will do its best and take the lead. If the people trust the Government and come together with one mind in the spirit of solidarity and cooperation, we will be fully able to surmount not only the COVID-19 outbreak but also the resultant economic crisis. As pledged during the 2nd Emergency Economic Council meeting, the Government decided to defer or exempt payment of the four major social insurance premiums and electricity bills for low-income families as well as SMEs, microbusiness owners and the self-employed that are below a certain size. The measures will be immediately applied to payments in March, and the details will be announced separately by the Government. We expect that these will decrease cost-of-living burdens for low-income families and be of help to small-scale businesses with regard to their operations and the retaining of employees. In addition, weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve significantly increased subsidies to help businesses maintain employment and expanded various livelihood support measures for the vulnerable whoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve fallen through the cracks of the employment safety net. Along with enhancing job security, these increases are expected to greatly help protect the livelihoods of those on unpaid leaves, the contractbased self-employed, freelancers and day laborers. In addition, they will provide significant assistance to microbusiness owners whoâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve suffered damage from the COVID-19 outbreak, helping them recover their operations or close their businesses and get back on their feet.

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March 30, 2020

In cooperation with local governments, the Government made a decision to provide emergency relief payments for those in the bottom 70 percent of the income bracket, including the middle class, which go up to one-million won for a family of four. This decision was not easy to reach, so we’ve held a number of meetings and discussions. All of our people have suffered from the COVID-19 outbreak and participated in infectious disease prevention and control efforts together. Everyone deserves compensation for their pain and efforts. However, the Government needs to build up as much fiscal space as possible in order to prepare for economic shocks that have no end in sight and to swiftly respond to employment instability and a liquidity crisis among businesses. I call upon those who have the economic means to endure a little more – be broadminded in your understanding and make concessions for those with lower incomes. With regard to the emergency relief payments, swift distribution is paramount; our plan is to quickly submit a second supplementary budget bill and have the National Assembly pass it within April, right after the general election. Moreover, in order to build up fiscal space and swiftly facilitate an agreement among the ruling and opposition parties, financial resources will be prepared mostly from an excruciating restructuring of expenditures within the government budget. I ask for the National Assembly’s cooperation. The Government made this decision despite a huge burden on its fiscal operation. The reason is because we believe it’s necessary to shore up the livelihoods of people in need and provide the public with comfort and encouragement in return for their having joined forces to surmount the crisis as the principal agents in the infectious disease prevention and control efforts, even sacrificing their daily lives. Moreover, these payments will play a significant role in reviving our economy by promoting consumption at the time when the COVID-19 outbreak is brought under control. I extend my infinite respect and gratitude to the people who are striving to overcome the disaster through trust and cooperation while encouraging each other amidst hardship. Moreover, I hope that these measures by the Government will give strength and consolation to the people who are trying to overcome difficulties.

Response to COVID-19

April 01, 2020

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in during Visit to Gumi National Industrial Complex

I am glad to meet you all. The world economy has entered a dark tunnel, but we have to light the way and get past the tunnel. The COVID-19 outbreak is posing a tremendous threat to our economy, which is heavily dependent on overseas markets, but many of our businesses are providing exemplary cases for surmounting the crisis. Today, I am visiting the Gumi National Industrial Complex and Kolon Industries that are illuminating the darkness through the power of solidarity and cooperation. I am deeply grateful to all of you for giving hope to the people. The GNIC is a living history of the Republic of Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s industrial development and overcoming of crises. L aunched as a textile manufacturing park half a century ago, it fostered Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s electric equipment and electronics industries and achieved US$30 billion in exports in 2005, the first time in history for a single industrial complex. Recently, it is making bold attempts to break through a crisis stemming from its age and changes in industrial structures by nurturing new future industries, creating Gumi-type jobs and establishing a smart industrial complex. When businesses in the GNIC recently reported confirmed cases, they demonstrated an exemplary response by taking swift infectious disease prevention and control measures while minimizing production setbacks.

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The spirit of solidarity and cooperation illustrated by Kolon Industries is also amazing. When face masks were in short supply due to the COVID-19 outbreak, the company thought outside the box to rapidly turn its research facilities for medicated melt-blown filters into a production line for face mask filters. The company is running its line 24 hours a day consecutively and providing free of charge enough filters for manufacturers to make some two million face masks. In addition, the company built and donated a structure housing negative-pressure rooms at Seoul National University Hospitalâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s human resources center in Mungyeong, Gyeongsangbuk-do Province. Its labor union promptly concluded collective bargaining without negotiations for the first time in history, also demonstrating the power of solidarity and cooperation. I feel prouder still upon hearing that Kolon Industries had made preemptive efforts and succeeded in localizing production of fluorine polyimide to replace imports from Japan â&#x20AC;&#x201C; even before that country imposed export restrictions last year. Numerous businesses here are now joining forces to overcome the current crisis, and the GNIC is also providing support by setting up an infectious disease prevention and control assistance center.

Response to COVID-19

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in during Visit to Gumi National Industrial Complex

The power of solidarity and cooperation exhibited by the GNIC is indeed an excellent example of overcoming COVID-19. I hope that it will spread throughout the country and be of help to many businesses and the people. Thanks to the power of your solidarity and cooperation, Gyeongsangbuk-do also seems to be overcoming the COVID-19 outbreak very well. Concerning all the efforts the province has made, I’d like to express my profound gratitude to Governor Lee Cheol-woo, the relevant officials, medical professionals and infectious disease prevention and control experts for their efforts. The Government will safeguard our economy, industries and the people’s livelihoods without fail. First, we will ensure that microbusiness owners and other businesses do not go out of business due to the fallout from the COVID-19 outbreak. The Government has provided emergency funding totaling 32 trillion won, including a supplementary budget, for the affected businesses, microbusiness owners and self-employed small business owners. In addition, through the Emergency Economic Council meetings, we have prepared a largescale package worth 100 trillion won in total to stabilize finances and the people’s livelihoods and are now implementing it. We will provide sufficient emergency corporate relief funds not only for microbusiness owners and the self-employed but also for SMEs and mid-market companies. We will disburse those funds swiftly to ensure that they reach businesses in need in a timely manner. Second, we will actively support the people and family finances. The Government decided on an unprecedented emergency support plan to directly provide the people with emergency relief payments. Up to one-million won will be offered for a family of four who are in the bottom 70 percent of the income bracket, which includes the middle class. To this end, the Government will quickly draw up a second supplementary budget proposal through an excruciating restructuring of its expenditures and submit it to the National Assembly. I ask for the National Assembly’s cooperation so that it can be passed within April. National Health Insurance premiums will be reduced and National Pension contribution and electricity bill payments will be deferred in order to alleviate the suffering of lowincome households. Payments for employment insurance and industrial accident compensation insurance premiums will be decreased or delayed for less-established SMEs

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April 01, 2020

and microbusiness owners. By doing so, we will overcome this difficult period together. The central and local governments will also join forces to offer support for the livelihoods and protection of the people of Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do – areas that have been declared special disaster zones. I suggested at the extraordinary virtual G20 Leaders’ Summit that the movement of essential individuals – businesspeople, scientists, doctors – should be allowed so long as it does not undermine each country’s infectious disease prevention and control measures, and this was reflected in the Leaders’ Statement. We will continue to make diplomatic efforts so that there are no setbacks in a company’s exports and overseas activities. Solidarity and cooperation are the only answers to surmounting the COVID-19 outbreak. When facing a tremendous fear of infectious diseases, people are likely to isolate, withdraw and succumb to the temptation to only seek ways to survive on their own, but this can never be a solution. I truly respect our people who help and encourage one another while putting “we” before “I” without any hoarding. All of you here are personally putting into practice the solutions for overcoming the COVID-19 outbreak. The Government will do everything it can to protect the people and businesses. Let us pass through the dark tunnel while illuminating each other’s paths with solidarity and cooperation. Thank you.

Response to COVID-19

April 06, 2020

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting to Discuss Provision of Emergency Financing to Businesses and Microbusiness Owners

I am glad to meet you all. It is the first time to bring together the leaders from all of the Republic of Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s private and state-owned financial institutions. This is because we are in such an emergency economic situation. We have invited you together to express our gratitude for your playing great roles recently and to encourage us to find greater strength together. Finance is an inseparable partner for all businesses and people in economic activities. Now is the most important time for finance to play its role when all businesses and people are struggling their hardest to respond to the crisis that the COVID-19 outbreak has brought to the entire world. Financing can be compared to medical professionals at infectious disease prevention and control sites. Just as their dedication can save patientsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; lives, proactive finance can resuscitate businesses, microbusiness owners and the self-employed. I am very grateful to the financial sector for doing its best to fulfill its role with such an understanding. The Government decided on the 100-trillion-won emergency financial measures during the 1st and 2nd Emergency Economic Council meetings. Had it not been for active support from the financial sector, we would not have been able to come up with these measures. Unlike previous financial measures taken during past economic crises, the measures this time have been put in place preemptively, ahead of the emergence of a full-fledged crisis. The scale of support has also been beyond market predictions.

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These measures cover microbusiness owners, SMEs, mid-market companies and large businesses as well as all sectors such as loan and guarantee, corporate bond and call money markets. The financial communityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s active participation and cooperation have made it possible to prepare most of the policies, including the extension of loan principal due dates, deferment of interest payments and the raising of stabilization funds for bond and securities markets. The COVID-19 outbreak is weighing heavily on the financial sector as well, but the united effort by that entire sector has enabled those policies. I extend my profound gratitude once again. Countermeasures have been prepared well, but what is more important is to implement them in the right place at the right time. Microbusiness owners and the self-employed, who have suffered the first direct hits from the COVID-19 outbreak, still find it very difficult to secure loans. I ask you to attend to this matter in particular. For microbusiness owners, businesses are none other than their livelihoods. The going may become tough as you are all inundated with work, but I believe that you will be able to understand well that speed is especially important because itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s an emergency fund for those who are facing immediate threats to their day-to-day living.

Response to COVID-19

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting to Discuss Provision of Emergency Financing to Businesses and Microbusiness Owners

It is also necessary to ensure that sufficient financial support reaches businesses in need in a timely manner. We have to protect domestic businesses from the shock of COVID-19 so that it will be possible to safeguard people’s jobs and livelihoods. It’s crucial to make sure that funding is provided in a swift and smooth manner on the frontlines or at bank windows. Many difficulties may arise while carrying out the task of providing funds on the frontlines. In particular, unintended missteps can occur in the process of actively supplying funds. In this regard, in the absence of any deliberate malfeasance in particular, the Government or financial authorities will not hold financial institutions or individuals accountable. I clearly promise this. Additional measures may be necessary depending on how the situation unfolds going forward. Even if more difficult circumstances present themselves, I am confident that we can overcome this crisis and our economy’s resilience will become stronger once the Government takes the lead and the financial sector joins in. Since the Bank of Korea decided to provide sufficient liquidity to back the efforts of the financial sector, it will be of great help if the financial industry continues to stand together. It is said that one’s true nature reveals itself at a moment of crisis. I’d like to see financing be a source of hope for the people and businesses in this time of crisis. I hope that it will be a reliable umbrella for companies that are currently caught in a fierce rainstorm. The Government will attentively listen to the financial industry’s difficulties and actively provide assistance if necessary. I strongly support today’s joint declaration to surmount the COVID-19 outbreak from the Government and the financial industry’s labor and management. I am also deeply grateful to the Korean Financial Industry Union for joining us. I am looking forward to hearing financial institution leaders give complete, frank opinions today if there are suggestions for the Government. Thank you.

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April 08, 2020

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 4th Emergency Economic Council Meeting

The global economy is sliding into a severe recession. Our economy, which is heavily dependent on overseas markets, is also suffering a tsunami-like impact. We are in a dark tunnel with no end in sight. Vulnerable SMEs and businesses run by the self-employed are being driven to the brink of survival. Large businesses and flagship industries are also facing growing burdens on management. The Government is working its hardest to save businesses and protect jobs for our people. We are promptly taking unprecedented steps and coping with an unparalleled economic crisis. We have set out to support businesses through 100 trillion won in emergency financial measures. We have also decided to offer emergency relief payments to the people, the first time in history. These steps are still not sufficient. The Government will come up with necessary measures whenever needed to overcome the crisis while faithfully playing its role as a buttress for businesses and people undergoing hardship and difficulties. We will mobilize all available resources and not hesitate to inject financing in a bold and proactive manner. The entire world is moving together toward that path. The Government will step up efforts to surmount the present challenges and prepare for greater threats that might be in store such as employment instability and a corporate liquidity crisis.

Response to COVID-19

The Government is bringing the current emergency situation under thorough management with a heavy sense of responsibility to safeguard the national economy. We are implementing countermeasures one by one and also bracing for any future crisis by predicting what has yet to even arrive. If we are fortunate enough to bring the COVID-19 outbreak under control earlier than other countries, we can be presented a chance to jump-start the economy ahead of other countries. We are working out measures to speed up the economic recovery through preemptive preparations in order not to miss the proper timing to stimulate the economy. I hope that people put their trust in the Government and pool their strengths. As part of the efforts to turn this crisis into an opportunity, todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s 4th Emergency Economic Council meeting will make decisions on how to enhance export vitality, improve domestic demand and support startups and business ventures.

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April 08, 2020

First, we’ve devised support measures for export companies hit severely by the collapse of global supply chains and the contraction of transactions. We will initially supply additional trade financing worth more than 36 trillion won. Should importers' credit ratings drop due to the COVID-19 outbreak, it could impede our exports. To prevent this, we will extend the expiration dates of export insurance policies and guarantees for another year as they come due. This will have the same effect as providing 30 trillion won to exporters. In addition, emergency funding totaling 1 trillion won will be distributed to provide liquidity for export companies. We will also preemptively supply more than 5 trillion won in trade financing so that domestic businesses will be able to actively engage in winning contracts at a time when the global economic stimulus comes into force. We will ensure that businesses do not miss export opportunities due to financial constraints. With exports, it’s also possible to create new opportunities in a time of crisis. Just as Korea’s infectious disease prevention and control model is emerging as a global standard, we will actively develop and spread Koreantype export models in line with the new trading environment in the COVID-19 era. We will utilize the strength of our world-class IT infrastructure to make the entire export process – consultations, contract and settlement – available online. In addition, we will redouble our efforts to create new marketing opportunities through online special exhibitions and permanent exhibition platforms that do not need face-to-face contact. We will also proactively respond to the reorganization of global supply chains. We will secure stable supply chains by further developing the know-how accumulated in the course of coping with Japan’s export restrictions. In particular, most domestic factories can operate normally – free from any lockdowns or restrictions on movement – thanks to our effective infectious disease prevention and control measures. For this reason, the perception of the Republic of Korea as a “safe and transparent production base” is etched on the minds of many people around the world. Trust in “Made in Korea” has heightened further. Drawing on this status, we will create an opportunity to facilitate the return of key domestic companies from overseas, investment and global M&As. Second, we have prepared additional complementary measures worth 17.7 trillion won in order to revive domestic demand that has frozen rapidly. To respond in kind to the Good Consumption Campaign, the public sector will take the initiative to help create over 3.3-trillion-won worth of demand quickly through advanced payments and purchases.

Response to COVID-19

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 4th Emergency Economic Council Meeting

Not only central government ministries and agencies but public institutions, local governments and regional public corporations will all participate in these efforts to provide assistance to commercial areas in every corner of the country that are now experiencing difficulties. The Government will also actively support and encourage the private-sector-led Good Consumption Campaign through unprecedented tax benefits. In addition to that, we will decide on special measures today to ease still more tax burdens valued at approximately 12 trillion won given that the number of businesses in deficit is increasing as management conditions deteriorate due to the COVID-19 outbreak and nearly 7 million individual business owners are suffering increasing losses. For the vulnerable at risk of being in arrears with debt or interest payments, the Government has also laid out measures to reduce the debts of individuals and support their recovery. I look forward to these measures providing some assistance to help the people endure and prevail over hardships. Third, we have also come up with countermeasures tailored to startups and business ventures in order to continue to strengthen our economyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s driving force for innovation despite the difficult circumstances. We will supply additional funds worth approximately 2.2 trillion won by providing more low-interest loans and boldly expanding incentives to private sector-led venture investments along with the introduction of new special support for guarantees. We will become a Government that is not shaken amid crises and one that actively prepares for a new leap forward. Our people have enthusiastically put into practice a spirit of solidarity and cooperation in their infectious disease prevention and control efforts. They have clearly demonstrated their potential to the world. The people are coming forward as the main players not only in the infectious disease prevention and control efforts but also in the economy by endeavoring to surmount the economic crisis. They are voluntarily participating in the Good Landlord Campaign and the Good Consumption Campaign. They are again showing the strength of our people who become even stronger in a time of crisis. They are our proud people. The Government will put its faith in the people and weather any rough winds and waves together with them without fail. We will wisely surmount this crisis and move toward a resilient and strong economy. Thank you.

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April 09, 2020

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Meeting with Industry, Academia, Research Institutions and Hospitals to Develop COVID-19 Treatments and Vaccine

Today, we are gathered here at the Institut Pasteur Korea to hold a joint meeting on the development of treatments and a vaccine for COVID-19. We have brought together professionals from relevant research institutions, biotechnology firms, academia and the medical community. I am glad to meet you all. Currently, not only our people but also those around the world are desperately awaiting COVID-19 treatments and a vaccine. I hope Korea will rise as a leader in the development of these treatments and vaccine as well in the same way that we have emerged as an exemplary nation for infectious disease prevention and control measures. I would like to see this instill courage and confidence in our people and also bring a sense of hope regarding our contracted economy. I am grateful to you all for devoting yourselves to developing treatments and a vaccine. The development of treatments and a vaccine is the mountain that we must climb in order to overcome COVID-19 completely. We need cooperation among scientists, research institutions, businesses, hospitals and the Government for the rapid development of safe and effective treatments and a vaccine. I look forward to us pooling our wisdom at todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s meeting and inspiring hope in the complete eradication of COVID-19.

Response to COVID-19

The Institut Pasteur Korea is searching among existing authorized medicines for those that might prove effective as treatments for COVID-19. This is a fast way to develop therapeutic drugs, also known as “drug repositioning.” The institute has utilized artificial intelligence technology and winnowed through approximately 1,500 substances to identify around 20 promising compounds in just two months. It has launched some clinical trials on those deemed most effective. Businesses, research organizations and medical institutions are joining forces in these clinical trials to test the drugs’ effectiveness. In addition, many biopharmaceutical companies are also devoting themselves to developing new treatments through plasma, antibodies, immunomodulation and other means, and I know that there has been significant progress. Upon my arrival just now, I was briefed on a very promising account that says our companies are world-class and also far ahead of their competitors. Compared to multinational pharmaceutical companies and advanced countries, we lack resources and have less experience in developing medicines. Still, we have been striving to develop relevant technologies by learning from the hardships we suffered during the 2015 MERS outbreak. In the same way that we’ve gotten a head start in those efforts and set an example for the world with our diagnostic technology, I hope that we will be able to save lives for humanity through the treatments and vaccine that we develop.

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April 09, 2020

The Government will strengthen public-private cooperation and unquestionably support the development of treatments and a vaccine against COVID-19. Developing treatments for and vaccines against infectious diseases requires considerable time and expenses, so it is difficult to produce results in the short run through private-sector efforts alone. Only with the backing of government R&D investments and fast-tracked approval procedures will it be possible to speed up development of treatments and a vaccine for COVID-19. Above all, we will use this crisis as an opportunity to further enhance not only our infectious disease prevention and control capabilities but also therapeutic technology. We are planning to introduce a fast clinical trial approval procedure with public safety as the top priority. We will open the door to the private sector with regard to biosafety facilities and provide resources needed to develop treatments and vaccines, such as specimens from the infected or blood from the fully recovered. The Government will also invest 210 billion won to develop a vaccine for COVID-19 and other illnesses. It will help improve the competitiveness of our medicine and vaccine industries, starting with investments in R&D for treatments and the establishment of a novel virus research institute, which are already reflected in the supplementary budget. Solidarity and cooperation with the international community is also important. The G20 member states, including Korea, have already agreed to share infectious disease prevention and control experiences and clinical data and join forces to develop treatments and a vaccine. Korea will actively participate in the international communityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s efforts to surmount the COVID-19 outbreak through a cooperative system led by the World Health Organization and the United Nations. I am well aware of your hard work and sense of duty. The Government will do its utmost with the mindset that helping all of you concentrate solely on research and development is the way toward saving the lives of our people and those around the world.

Response to COVID-19

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Meeting with Industry, Academia, Research Institutions and Hospitals to Develop COVID-19 Treatments and Vaccine

At this very moment, the biggest task for humanity is to develop treatments and a vaccine in order to completely overcome COVID-19. Our peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mature civic awareness helped set an international example and standard for prevention and control measures against COVID-19. Similarly, we can move to the forefront of COVID-19 treatment and vaccine development and contribute to the international community. Each and every one here is the main player in this. Once again, I look forward to the development of treatments and a vaccine giving our people confidence and hope. Thank you.

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April 14, 2020

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Special ASEAN Plus Three Summit

I would like to thank the Secretary-General and the Director-General for their briefing and the leaders for their valuable insights. In the course of responding to COVID-19, the Republic of Korea has consistently adhered to the three principles of openness, transparency and democracy. To contain the spread of infectious diseases and reduce mortalities, I believe the best way is to conduct intensive contact tracing and diagnosis to promptly identify, isolate, and treat infected persons and their contacts, and also take other necessary measures. Such actions need to be backed up by swift and timely diagnostic tests. T h rou g h t h e ‘E m e r g e n c y Us e Aut h or i z at i on’ s y s t e m , Kore a commercialized highly accurate diagnostic reagents early on. In addition, apart from designated screening stations, ‘drive-thru’ and ‘walk thru’ screening stations and other creative methods were introduced to accelerate the pace of testing. To overcome infectious diseases, the public should be the principal actors in infectious disease prevention and control efforts. If we are to practice ‘social distancing’ effectively, without having to resort to containment or lockdowns, it is imperative that we secure the active participation of the public in such efforts.

Response to COVID-19

In addition, there can be greater efficacy in the self-quarantine process if we utilize IT technology, such as the Self-Quarantine and Self-Health Check smartphone applications. Above all, information gathered through contact tracing as well as all relevant epidemiological data have been made available in a timely and transparent manner, and this has been instrumental in encouraging the voluntary participation of the public. Together with infectious disease prevention and control measures, the Korean government is also focusing on economic stabilization. The people will be able to feel emotionally safe and secure and join in the infectious disease prevention and control efforts of the government only when the economy stands firm. In order to prevent contractions in consumption, investment and industrial activities, Korea has implemented an economic stimulus package to the tune of USD 120 billion. In addition to other measures, we have also extended financial assistance to micro-business owners and the self-employed while relieving their tax burden in order to protect vulnerable groups.

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April 14, 2020

With a view to strengthening solidarity and policy coordination to overcome the COVID-19 crisis among ASEAN+3 members, I would like to propose the following. First, active bilateral and multilateral cooperation within the region will be essential to provide infectious disease prevention and control as well as medical supplies in a timely manner to those in urgent need. Korea will secure additional funding for humanitarian assistance and respond to the fullest extent possible to any calls for help from other countries, including ASEAN. We are also discussing ways to utilize the ASEAN-ROK Cooperation Fund. I hope we can overcome the COVID-19 crisis together by mobilizing all the resources at our disposal, including the assistance made through trust funds at the Asian Development Bank (ADB), as well as funding pooled at the ASEAN+3 level. Second, we must strengthen the regional health cooperation mechanisms to actively share and utilize the information and clinical data that each country has accumulated. To that end, I propose establishing an ‘ASEAN-ROK Health Ministers’ Dialogue Channel,’ in addition to the ASEAN+3 Health Ministers’ Meeting. Through ‘ASEAN-ROK Web Seminars,’ we can share our prevention and control policies against COVID-19 and experiences, invite health experts from ASEAN at the earliest possible date, organize on-site visits to the front lines, hold roundtables with health experts, and connect ASEAN member states with Korean companies to facilitate direct support. The ASEAN+3 countries must also step up efforts to develop ‘vaccines and therapeutics.’ Korea is collaborating closely with GAVI, the vaccine alliance, CEPI (Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations), and the International Vaccine Institute as well as other relevant international organizations. Together with ASEAN+3 member states, we will actively participate in the international community’s efforts to develop vaccines.

Response to COVID-19

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Special ASEAN Plus Three Summit

Third, in order to minimize the negative repercussions on the global economy, we must maintain the essential flow of economic and people to people exchanges, trade, investment and food. Due to the spread of COVID-19, the WTO has forecasted that global trade will contract by as much as 32%. I hope that the global supply chain will be made operational to the maximum extent beginning with ASEAN+3. Last November, we agreed on the RCEP framework, and if we can sign the agreement this year, this will provide us with a major boost. Furthermore, to the extent that we do not undermine each country’s infectious disease prevention and control efforts, I propose that we seek ways to allow for the travel of essential persons such as business leaders, medical professionals, and humanitarian workers. Recently, the UN FAO warned of a potential food crisis in vulnerable regions due to COVID-19. If such crisis becomes reality, vulnerable groups will be placed in an even more dire situation. Countries in Asia must refrain from restricting food exports and instead work together to maintain a continuous flow in the food supply chain. I hope that the ‘ASEAN+3 Emergency Rice Reserve (APTERR)’ launched in 2012 will be adequately prepared so that it can be swiftly utilized at any moment. Excellencies, In the face of every major challenge, the ASEAN+3 countries have overcome the crisis together through cooperation. The Republic of Korea will stand with ASEAN+3 and work together to defeat the COVID-19 pandemic and overcome the economic crisis. I hope today’s summit will once again reaffirm Asia’s cooperation and solidarity in surmounting the COVID-19 crisis. Thank you.

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April 22, 2020

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 5th Emergency Economic Council Meeting

Only when there are jobs will there be lives and an economy for the people. Preserving jobs is key to overcoming the national crisis and the most urgent matter for survival. The Government has placed top priority on preemptive measures to stabilize employment and support vulnerable populations. We have also taken steps to revive businesses and protect jobs through financial measures worth more than 100 trillion won. Now is the beginning phase of the crisis. Along with this crisis facing businesses, harsh employment conditions loom large. Even greater, unprecedentedly far-reaching and long-running impacts on employment might be coming. With extraordinary determination, we should reinforce government measures even further and deal with the situation decisively. We should never hesitate to think outside the box and implement extraordinary steps by going beyond the past measures and ways of doing things. Today at the 5th Emergency Economic Council meeting, we will decide on special measures to protect the peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s jobs and rapidly cope with this crisis facing our key industries and the shocks to employment.

Response to COVID-19

First of all, a key-industry stabilization fund worth 40 trillion won will be urgently raised to overcome the crisis and protect employment. Our key industries that have a great bearing on the economy and employment are finding themselves in tremendous peril. Some businesses have begun to find it difficult to surmount their problems through temporary financial assistance or liquidity provisions alone. The Government will use the key-industry stabilization fund to prevent those industries from collapsing. We will mobilize all available methods to support businesses, including investments and payment guarantees â&#x20AC;&#x201C; going beyond tentative liquidity supply. With steadfast determination, we will safeguard our key industries without fail.

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April 22, 2020

In return for injecting taxpayer money to protect our key industries, we will require those businesses provided support to assume corresponding responsibilities. We will also stipulate requisite measures for businesses, including the maintenance of total number of jobs, selfrescue efforts and profit-sharing. Support for businesses will be premised upon employment security, and we will take measures to prevent moral hazard by, among other things, restricting executive pay, limiting shareholder dividends and banning stock buybacks. We will also push ahead with plans to share the benefits of normalization with the people. The key-industry stabilization fund requires the revision of the relevant law in the National Assembly. I look forward to the National Assembly cooperating on the legislation designed to safeguard our key industries and the peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s jobs. In addition, the Government will add 35 trillion won to the 100 trillion won in emergency financial measures decided upon during the 1st and 2nd Emergency Economic Council meetings. Through this total of 135 trillion won, we will expand support for microbusiness owners and corporate bond purchases as well as increase liquidity support even for companies with low credit ratings. In a separate move, the Government will inject 10 trillion won into emergency-employmentsecurity measures to actively respond to the emerging employment shock caused by the COVID-19 outbreak. We will drastically reduce blind spots in the employment safety net to provide tight-knit support, while focusing on preventing an unemployment crisis by backing employment retention. The Government will also redouble its efforts to create new jobs directly. First, we will provide maximum support to businesses that maintain employment levels. While continuing to provide an increasing amount of job retention subsidies that cover up to 90 percent of furlough allowances, we will actively shore up employment maintenance through the fast-aid program, whose beneficiaries have been expanded to even include workers on unpaid leave. We will enhance assistance by designating airline ground service, duty-free shops and other severely hit lines of business as eligible for special employment support.

Response to COVID-19

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 5th Emergency Economic Council Meeting

Second, we will drastically reduce blind spots in the support provided for employment security. In particular, emergency-employment-security payments will be provided to 930,000 people, including freelancers, the contract-based self-employed and small-scale business owners, who have until now been left out of such support. They will be provided 500,000 won per month for three months. I hope that those who have lost jobs or had their incomes decrease will receive at least some help to maintain their livelihoods. Third, the Government itself will set out to create jobs. In the present situation where the private sector cannot afford to generate employment, the Government will take the initiative to create 500,000 jobs for the people. We will work to offer comfort, albeit small, to those who have difficulties finding employment by actively creating jobs in the public sector and jobs for young adults. The postponed public sector employment process will be normalized as soon as possible. At the same time, the Government needs to boldly push ahead with large-scale projects nationwide to create new jobs. It is about opening the door to a novel opportunity to overcome the employment crisis by creating new jobs. The Government will not just create jobs but will also prepare for innovative growth in the post-COVID-19 era by implementing large-scale national projects that are highly effective for job creation. I urge related ministries and agencies to quickly prepare to form a planning group that will pursue a so-called Korean version of the New Deal as a large-scale national project. I ask the Government to take the initiative with a special sense of duty. As I have stressed repeatedly time and again, what is more important than anything else is speed. It is most important to quickly execute the emergency economic measures announced to date. I call upon you to complete the disbursement of the first supplementary budget as quickly as possible, to prepare for an immediate distribution of the second supplementary budget by passing the related bill as soon as possible and swiftly seek the third supplementary budget and legislation necessary to implement the emergency measures that we will decide on today. I plead with the National Assembly to make decisions quickly through an agreement in the interest of a greater cause in consideration of the fact that this is an extraordinary time when we have a mountain of tasks before us.

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April 28, 2020

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 22nd Cabinet Meeting

Let me begin the 22nd Cabinet Meeting. The Government has been responding to the worst economic crisis in history by taking rapid and bold emergency measures during five Emergency Economic Council meetings. Together with emergency funds for SMEs and self-employed microbusiness owners, focus has been placed on swift financial measures to prevent flagship businesses and key industries from going bankrupt. The Government has decided to provide emergency relief payments for the first time in history and also put emergency measures in place to help businesses maintain their work forces. These are all unconventional, unprecedented steps in substance and scale to provide urgent prescriptions designed to preemptively deal with the economic crisis and preserve jobs. A full-fledged economic crisis is in store from this point on. Secondquarter economic growth is forecast to trend worse than the first quarterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s that already posted negative growth. It is true that Korea is doing relatively well compared with other advanced countries amidst this deep global economic downturn, but it is too difficult of a situation to expect an early economic rebound.

Response to COVID-19

A contraction in the real economy and an unemployment shock are all the more worrisome going forward. Because such key industries as aviation, shipping and shipbuilding are also weighed down by difficulties, we are starting to see some businesses that can survive only if provided emergency funds. Exports stayed the course as much as possible up until March, but their downward trend began expanding by a large margin from April as the global economy ground to a halt. Economic shocks that have no end in sight loom large on all fronts and in all areas. This is undeniably an economic wartime situation. Given this, the Government should be equipped with a national crisis management system to concentrate all of its capabilities on overcoming the crisis. I urge all ministries and agencies to rally behind the Central Economic Response Headquarters, headed by the Deputy Prime Minister for Economic Affairs. They should clearly identify their respective roles and come together in perfect harmony at the forefront of the efforts to surmount the crisis. More than anything else, we must become a government that responds swiftly. The longer the implementation of measures drags on, the greater the damage and the more difficulties people and businesses will face. In this unprecedented crisis situation, decisions should be made boldly, and they should be carried out rapidly and accurately. I ask you to accelerate the implementations, starting with those measures already decided on at the Emergency Economic Council meetings.

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April 28, 2020

I urge you to thoroughly prepare in advance to ensure that people receive their emergency relief payments quickly and conveniently as soon as the relevant bill is passed in the National Assembly. The application process should be waived for households that do not need to apply. I ask you to actively utilize online applications and other non-face-to-face procedures even when an application is necessitated. With regard to a third supplementary budget proposal, the timing is essential. As a Government that decides and acts swiftly, we should become a reliable buttress for the peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s lives and the national economy. With the time approaching for us to maintain safety precautions against COVID-19 while resuming our daily lives, we now have to prepare and implement measures to revitalize domestic demand. People will begin routine socioeconomic activities while complying with infectious disease prevention and control guidelines and regulations. Though measured in the beginning, those activities could become livelier as time goes by â&#x20AC;&#x201C; if safety is maintained. Accordingly, the Government needs to further move up the timetable to promote consumption. I urge you to quickly devise necessary measures that fit changing circumstances to earnestly reinvigorate consumption. These measures should include the full-scale implementation of vouchers and the swift enforcement of policies that the Government has already decided upon such as those to promote advanced payments and purchases. I also urge you to prepare measures to promote investment as quickly as possible. I call upon you to actively seek more aggressive approaches that facilitate the investments which were suspended as a result of the COVID-19 outbreak and that reflect the post-COVID-19 era. As it will take time for the global economy to break free from recession, we have no other choice but to start economic recovery by revitalizing domestic demand for now. Comprehensive measures to help domestic demand rebound will be included in the third extraordinary budget bill, but before that, we must carry out what needs to be implemented right away and prepare what needs to be made ready.

Response to COVID-19

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 22nd Cabinet Meeting

I’d like to particularly call on all ministries and agencies to actively pursue a Korean-version of the New Deal for new job creation as a national project. I ask you to consider actively planning and pushing ahead with a large-scale, digital-based IT project that utilizes domestic technology and human resources by drawing on our strengths. I urge you to use your imagination to identify various projects – not just non-face-toface medical services, online education services and other areas that have gained attention during the COVID-19 outbreak, but also spreading smart cities based on state-of-the-art technology, combining digital technology with existing infrastructure developments and accumulating and organizing data for the digital economy. I would like to see large-scale national projects that have been postponed due to conflicts of interest being implemented quickly so that these can contribute to improving economic vitality and creating jobs in this time of crisis. Amid this COVID-19 crisis situation, countries around the world are now engaging in unbridled competition to attract businesses. Our country has come to be seen as one of the safest manufacturing bases because no companies here suspended operations due to lockdowns or restrictions on movement thanks to our successful infectious disease prevention and control efforts. This can serve as an opportunity for us. I ask you to seek ways as soon as possible to boldly and actively attract investments and provide support so that our country can become a manufacturing base for global high-tech companies as well as for Korean companies reshoring after having relocated production overseas. We are paving a new path in infectious disease prevention and control efforts and standing at the forefront of the world. We must open up a new path for surmounting an economic crisis as well. The newer the path, the more trials and errors encountered. Nonetheless, let’s not fear failures. With confidence and faith in the people’s potential, let’s pioneer a path toward becoming a leading nation that sets an example for overcoming a crisis and creating new opportunities.

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Selected Speeches â&#x2026;˘

Economy

Economic Policy Local Jobs Innovative Growth Materials, Parts and Equipment

May 16, 2019

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 2019 National Fiscal Strategy Meeting Economic Policy

We are convening a National Fiscal Strategy Meeting in Sejong City for the first time ever. It is meaningful to discuss a broad direction for national fiscal operations in the Republic of Korea’s administrative center. Also joining us here today from the National Assembly are Chairperson of the Democratic Party of Korea (DPK) Lee Hae-chan, DPK Floor Leader Lee In-young, DPK Policy Committee Chairman Cho Jeong-sik and Chairman of the National Assembly’s Strategy and Finance Committee Jung Sung-ho as well as other distinguished guests. Thank you for being here. With regard to the issue of the strikes planned by bus drivers, I am grateful to you for helping to narrow differences enough to reach a deal by not only facilitating dialogue between labor and management but also by bringing the ruling party and the Government as well as local governments together for relevant discussions. This is the third National Fiscal Strategy Meeting of my Administration. We are now standing near the halfway point when we need to look back on what we have achieved over the past two years and prepare for the three remaining years. If we’ve managed to start the engine of an innovative, inclusive nation, now is the time to step on the accelerator. I hope that 2020 becomes year zero when the innovative, inclusive nation goes beyond mere rhetoric and becomes readily felt by the people.

Economy

Just as with household budgets, depending on the economic situation, the Government needs to increase its spending proactively sometimes and to fill its coffers to shore up financial soundness at other times. In the wake of past global financial crises, weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve been focusing on padding government coffers. However, the current situation very urgently necessitates solutions to our societyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s structural problems: low growth, wealth polarization, lack of jobs, the low birth rate and aging population. Now is when bold fiscal spending is required more than at any time before. If we fail to respond with active fiscal spending, we will end up paying even higher costs in the not-too-distant future. The Government should play its role in a bold manner to encourage the private sector to take on the challenge of innovation. I urge you to pool your wisdom today so that policies and fiscal spending can be directed intensively toward these efforts.

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May 16, 2019

Over the past two years, the Government has significantly increased social investments that were relatively neglected in comparison to those of other OECD member states. The social safety net for the most vulnerable in the community has been strengthened through the adoption of a child benefit, the Government systematically taking responsibility for dementia patients, basic pension hikes and the expansion of national health insurance coverage. Tailored job supports for young people, women and the â&#x20AC;&#x153;new middle agedâ&#x20AC;? have been enhanced. Self-employed business owners have been placed within a separate policy category and are receiving support. These are the first steps taken to transform us into an inclusive nation. The Government has also not held back on investments in innovation for our economic vitality and future growth engines. To facilitate innovative growth, the Government has formulated and implemented a strategy to promote the second venture boom, the hydrogen economy roadmap and the vision for innovative finance. It is also giving impetus to generating future growth engines in such areas as system semiconductors, biohealth and future-oriented automobiles. The Government is also boldly getting rid of obstacles to innovation by introducing the regulatory sandbox system for the first time. These endeavors have brought about positive changes. Investments in new ventures reached a record high, and the number of newly founded businesses exceeded 100,000. An innovative atmosphere conducive to taking on new challenges is spreading now. Record lows were posted in both the percentage of workers identified as low wage earners and the income quintile ratio â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the average income of the richest 20 percent of the population over that of the poorest 20 percent. At the same time, the number of regular, fulltime employees and those covered by employment insurance increased by large margins. Employees have undoubtedly seen improvements in income and quality of life. With unemployment benefits expanding, the employment safety net has also strengthened. The nation's per capita income and exports exceeded US$30,000 and US$600 billion, respectively, attesting to the increased scale of the nation's economy.

Economy

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 2019 National Fiscal Strategy Meeting

In the process of achieving these things, fiscal spending has played a significant role. It has been priming the pump, and the private sector has been spreading the impact of the stimulus. Still, however, much more remains to be done before the people can feel improvements in the quality of their lives on the whole. This is why fiscal policy must play a more active role going forward. Among other things, the difficulties facing the self-employed and low-income families outside the job market are particularly heartbreaking. Thus, a more active fiscal role is required to strengthen the employment safety net by expanding employment and introducing a Korean-style unemployment allowance as well as to work out measures for the self-employed. With fiscal stimulus playing an enhanced role, some might voice concern about the possibility of a short-term deterioration of our fiscal balance. Since our country's national finances remain very sound, however, the matter needs to be viewed from a more long-term point of view. Budget allocations for an innovative, inclusive country are never a waste of expenditures. Rather, this has to be viewed as an early investment in the structural improvements of our economy and society. The rationale is that if we lay the foundation for an inclusive nation and raise economic vitality through innovative growth, it will be possible to offset short-term fiscal spending by enhancing mid- and long-term growth potential and increasing tax revenues. In comparison to other OECD members, it would make sense for us to have confidence that the Republic of Korea's economic strength has grown enough to expand fiscal spending in order to enable more people to enjoy a higher quality of life. Fiscal spending has to play a role not only in improving the structure of our society in the mid and long term but also in responding to short-term economic fluctuations.

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May 16, 2019

With global economic conditions worsening more than initially expected, economic growth was weak in the first quarter. As the saying goes â&#x20AC;&#x153;the economy is a state of mind,â&#x20AC;? so fiscal policy should play an active role in improving economic vitality to ensure that the mindsets of private economic stakeholders do not deteriorate. International organizations such as the IMF have also recommended that Korea adopt more active fiscal measures, including a supplementary budget. In that sense, I earnestly call on the National Assembly to return to normal operation at the earliest date possible and quickly discuss the supplementary budget proposal. Timing and speed are everything in implementing a supplementary budget. The longer passage of the supplement budget bill is delayed, the less effective it will be, derailing preemptive economic responses. I ask the ruling party and the Administration to pool their strength further to persuade the National Assembly. Fiscal policy also has to preemptively respond to future societal changes. The low birth and aging population trends are quickly accelerating. The working age population already started declining from 2018. By 2025, Korea will become a super-aged society in which those 65 or older account for 20 percent of the entire population. The declining birthrate and aging population will continue to reduce economic vitality and are bound to place a huge burden on government finances eventually. In addition to coming up with groundbreaking countermeasures for the low birth rate, the Government will have to devise mid- to long-term measures to innovate its finances in response to changes in demographics. For an expansionary fiscal policy to win public support, it must be paired with intensive fiscal innovation. Money has to be spent where it is needed, but unnecessary waste must be drastically reduced. Notably, generating tax revenue is expected to be difficult next year due to declining economic vitality and the decentralization of fiscal authority. Bold restructuring in spending is a must under these conditions to maintain mid- to long-term fiscal soundness while fiscal policy plays an active role.

Economy

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 2019 National Fiscal Strategy Meeting

I urge all ministries and agencies to go back to square one and meticulously examine projects that are reflexively drawn up or that have been unreasonably continued on account of the beneficiariesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; interests, and I also ask that you eliminate the causes of waste. I ask for active cooperation from the heads of ministries and agencies. I hope that, at least for today, you will take part in the discussion from the position of cabinet members rather than the heads of your respective ministries and agencies. I am looking forward to this meeting becoming a venue where you participate in a discussion and reach an agreement from the perspective of the nation and people, transcending the interests of ministries and agencies. I ask the ruling party to actively share your opinions on behalf of the people and continue to provide necessary support in the National Assembly as well. Thank you.

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July 05, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Korea’s 2nd Social Economy Fair Economic Policy

Business leaders who uphold social values, I am glad to meet all of you. I am grateful to Daejeon Mayor Her Tae-jeong, Korea Social Enterprise Promotion Agency President Kim In-seon and the other officials involved with organizing the Social Economy Fair. My congratulations also go to those we are honoring today for their dedication to the social economy. Dr. Lee In-dong, who has just received the Order of Civil Merit, provided a good example of the social economy by founding Korea’s first medical cooperative. Civil Merit Medal recipients – Kim Hye-ok, Sohn Byeongwan, Oh Mi-ye and Lee Eun-ae – have devoted themselves to growing the social economy in diverse areas. The 12 recipients of the Presidential Citation and the 18 who were awarded the Prime Minister’s Citation have all made great contributions to providing support for the vulnerable in society and developing the social economy. I respect and applaud those who are working in the social economy sector – they put “us” before “me” and prioritize “sharing” over “possessing.” Just about a decade ago, the epithet “social enterprises” sounded unfamiliar. Some even equated the social economy with socialism. There’s still a lot of skepticism about the possibility of a social enterprise turning a profit while working in the interests of society or succeeding at a time when even for-profit businesses are finding it difficult to stay afloat.

Economy

However, the social economy has come to make remarkable growth in Korea. Last year, the number of social enterprises reached 25,000, creating more than 250,000 jobs. In 2007, the number of officially certified social enterprises was only around 50. That number broke the 2,000 mark last year, a more than 40-fold increase. In addition, the number of cooperatives exceeded 14,000, making them more available to local communities and vulnerable people there. Importantly, the social economy has played a great part in creating jobs for the most vulnerable members of society, who comprise more than 60 percent of the employees at social enterprises. At the social cooperative Agio, its 11 hearing-impaired workers make handmade shoes â&#x20AC;&#x201C; holding cobbler hammers in one hand and hope in the other. The social enterprise Donggubat hires people with developmental disabilities and produces natural soaps. Of its 32 employees, 20 workers are societyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s most vulnerable. Conventional social enterprises are increasingly expanding their roles. Some time ago, the National Agricultural Cooperative Federation hired 167 people with disabilities through special job offers. The National Credit Union Federation of Korea provided 100 billion won in unsecured, interest-free loans for the self-employed as well as microbusiness owners and out-of-work heads of household who needed emergency funds for daily necessities.

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July 05, 2019

Social business ventures that set their sights on addressing social issues through innovation are making strides as well. Among them, there is a business that developed a Braille smartwatch for the visually impaired and a startup that invented a high-efficiency lamp that uses recycled cooking oil. When Nepal was hit by a massive earthquake, one business venture sent its camera-equipped drones to afflicted areas to assist recovery work. All of these are businesses that have led efforts to resolve social issues with an innovative mindset. Social enterprises are at the forefront of solving problems big and small in our society and serve as a reliable buttress for the vulnerable people in our communities. I am deeply grateful to you all. Social enterprise business leaders, The Republic of Korea, once the most impoverished country in Asia mired in the ruins of the war, has emerged as the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s eleventh-largest economy in just over half a century. This is an invaluable feat achieved by all Koreans together. However, the rapid economic growth has left dark shadows over Korean society. Various social issues have surfaced, including inequality, polarization and environmental destruction. The market economy alone is not perfect enough to resolve all of these problems. Efforts to deal with these shortcomings were the starting point of the social economy. The social economy is about filling in the gaps and weak points found in a profit-driven market economy by taking into consideration social values as well. In Europe and Canada, the social economy has long served as an important pillar of the national economy. In Sweden, where I paid a state visit last month, about 11 percent of its working population is engaged in the social economy. The average participation rate in all EU member countries stands at 6.3 percent. In the case of the Canadian Province of Quebec, sales from businesses in the social economy account for approximately 8 percent of the provinceâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s total GDP. Given that the social economy still employs less than 1 percent of Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s total working population, it can be said that Korea has a lot of room to grow in this sector.

Economy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Korea’s 2nd Social Economy Fair

Nowadays in Korea, we’re also witnessing an increase in the number of companies that prioritize the value of sharing and employ the vulnerable in society, including those physically challenged. Recently, a growing number of social business ventures are being founded spontaneously, especially in the Seongsu-dong region of Seoul. The social economy is an important pillar of the people-centered economy and inclusive nation that my Administration is pursuing. Catholic priest José María Arizmendiarrieta, who founded the Mondragon Corporation in Spain, said, “The overriding value of a cooperative is people and the protection of human dignity.” The Korean economy is also growing with more focus being placed on “people” than “profits” through the social economy. From the start of my Administration, we’ve paid keen attention to social economic values. My Administration incorporated promoting the social economy into its major policy tasks and created the new post of Secretary to the President for the Social Economy. The special committee on the social economy was established under the Presidential Committee on Jobs, and various social economy-related events held by different ministries and agencies have been integrated into today’s Social Economy Fair. In October 2017, five months after the inauguration of my Administration, I visited Heyground, a co-working space for startups also known as Korea’s social venture valley, in Seongsu-dong and unveiled a comprehensive plan to promote the social economy there. On top of this, the Framework Act on Small and Medium Enterprises and six other related acts were amended, which has helped significantly improve the business environment for social enterprises. The Government will further intensify these efforts in line with “region-based,” “private sector-led” and “government-backed” principles. First of all, the infrastructure needed to grow the social economy will be further expanded. This year, social economy growth support centers will be newly established in Wonju, Gwangju, Ulsan and Seoul, and a pilot social economy innovation town will be created in Gunsan and Changwon. By doing so, we will expand region-based social economy infrastructure.

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July 05, 2019

Financial support will also be expanded. Last year, government-backed financing for the social economy stood at 193.7 billion won, far surpassing the target of 100 billion. The size of planned government-backed financing this year is 323 billion won, a sharp 67 percent increase from last year. The Korea Social Value and Solidarity Foundation, newly launched in January this year, established the basis for social finance thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s led mainly by the private sector. In a bid to promote impact investing, which is made based on the estimated social impact created by businesses, a 500 billion-won impact fund will be formed by 2022. The funding for impact investing guarantees will also be expanded to 150 billion won by 2022. We will also endeavor to help social enterprises expand their market. Social enterprises will be given preferential considerations in government procurements through more opportunities for exclusive contracts and additional points in the evaluation process during bidding. To help social enterprises make further inroads into the public sector, the extent of product purchases from social enterprises will become part of public institutionsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; performance evaluations. The Government will also expand such assistance as R&D and consulting for social enterprises, including social media business ventures that have high growth potential. Second, we will help the vulnerable find work through the social economy and identify a range of social economy models. We will help create 860 young adult-led startup teams with social enterprises and cooperatives playing a major part as well as 5,840 local government-led jobs for young adults this year. A comprehensive measure to nurture talented individuals for the social economy will be pushed ahead as planned, thereby reinforcing the foundation for human resources who will lead the sustainable development of the social economy. We will introduce a cyclical model for local economies that creates jobs in their regions and reinvests the resulting profits by utilizing local resources in conjunction with urban regeneration projects. We will also push for R&D to resolve social issues by gathering researchers, the general public, social economy-related organizations and local universities.

Economy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Korea’s 2nd Social Economy Fair

However, government efforts alone cannot accomplish all of these things. Three legislative bills concerning the social economy have been pending in the National Assembly for a long time. I ask for the National Assembly’s cooperation and the swift passage of the bills. Since the policies are ultimately implemented in various regions, cooperation with local governments is also important. What matters most is voluntary participation by the private sector. Only when more of those with strong determination and passion join forces can the social economy grow even deeper roots. The Government will stand together and provide support. Business leaders who share social values, We don’t employ people to sell bread; we sell bread to employ people: this is a slogan of Rubicon Bakery, one of America’s most renowned social enterprises. In the social economy, “bread” is not only a food but also everyone’s dream at the same time. Rubicon Bakery’s slogan demonstrates perfectly how valuable it is to invest in dreams rather than profits, as well as in people rather than returns. No one should be deprived of hope. A society with big hopes is a warm and strong society. I hope all of you here will always continue your efforts to make society more caring. The Government will do all it can to ensure that your efforts will be rewarding. We can create a people-centered economy and a Republic of Korea where everyone prospers. Let’s create a society where people can dream and lead worthwhile lives. Thank you.

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October 22, 2019

Address by President Moon Jae-in at National Assembly to Propose Government Budget for 2020 Economic Policy

Fellow Koreans, the Honorable Speaker and distinguished members of the National Assembly, Today, to the people and the National Assembly, I would like to explain the accomplishments of fiscal operations over the past two and a half years as well as the Government’s budget proposal for fiscal year 2020. I’d also like to request your cooperation. For the last two and a half years, the Government has worked hard to make our economy and social order more people-centered and have that transformation take root. We have laid the cornerstone for an innovative, inclusive nation to move toward an era of prosperity for all going beyond the age of prosperity. Our society has continued to progress while dynamically responding to changing times. Building on the economic foundation laid by our parents’ generation, their sons and daughters have established democratic values. Our evolution into a democracy and responsible middle power is the outcome of the beads of sweat shed by the people of all generations.

Economy

Our society is now witnessing the growth of individual worth and the importance of human rights being widely accepted. We are pursuing a fair society that guarantees everyoneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s efforts can be rewarded. In the same degree, various voices have begun to burst forth. It has become an era when mutual understanding, tolerance for differences and cooperation amid diversity are more desperately needed than at any time before. Now is the time for us to once again come together with a single goal in mind on which we should set our sights. For decades, weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve been unable to achieve localized production of materials, parts and equipment and the diversification of their import sources in some areas. However, just 100 days after relevant measures were taken, tangible and meaningful results are beginning to emerge. Large businesses first reached out to SMEs to work together, and public support has unleashed our scientific and technological potential. New attempts can be strange and alarming, but we have affirmed that nothing is impossible as long as we gather our resolve. My Administration now stands at the point in time when it should prepare for the remaining two and a half years. I believe that the path we must take is to create a country where everyone prospers together by means of an innovative, inclusive, fair and peaceful economy.

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October 22, 2019

I hope that the National Assembly will pool its insights with respect to next year’s budget proposal, which has been drafted in this direction. Fellow Koreans and distinguished members of the National Assembly, Bold fiscal moves are required more than ever. Fiscal spending should take the lead in efforts to resolve the structural problems of our society, including low growth and the socio-economic divide, job shortages, a low birth rate and an aging population. With the escalation of U.S.-China trade tensions and the spread of protectionism, the global economy is rapidly deteriorating. Our economy, which is highly dependent on trade, is also facing a grave situation. Fiscal spending should also play an active part as a breakwater that can withstand the onslaught of external shockwaves. Taking it a step further, it should serve as pump-priming to revive the vitality of our economy. Some are concerned about our fiscal soundness. We should always keep our eye on this matter and regard it as important. However, the fiscal and economic power of the Republic of Korea has grown enough to enable more of our people to enjoy a higher quality of life and still remains very healthy. Should the government budget proposal be passed just as it is, the country’s debt to GDP ratio would not exceed 40 percent. This is an exceptionally low level compared to the OECD average of 110 percent and is among the highest echelons in terms of fiscal soundness. Recently, the IMF forecast that this year’s global economic growth rate would be at its lowest point since the global financial crisis in 2009. It recommended that countries take bold action to increase fiscal spending to overcome the worldwide economic downturn. In particular, it singled out Germany, the Netherlands and Korea as countries that have sufficient fiscal space to implement an expansionary fiscal policy to cope with this economic situation.

Economy

Address by President Moon Jae-in at National Assembly to Propose Government Budget for 2020

Korea ranks 13th among 141 countries in the World Economic Forumâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Global Competitive Index. Its ranking has soared from 26th in 2016 and has risen for three consecutive years to 17th, 15th and 13th since 2017 when my Administration was launched. In particular, in the fields of macroeconomic stability and ICT adoption, Korea has topped the rankings for two years in a row. Moreover, the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s three major credit rating agencies are all keeping Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s sovereign ratings above those of Japan and China. This points to the fact that the world finds our economy to be more robust than we do ourselves. Thanks to increases in tax revenue over the most recent two years, the Government was able to reduce the amount of planned bond issues by 28 trillion won, securing fiscal space. It should be noted that the Government issuing 26 trillion won worth of deficit-financing bonds next year would fall within that fiscal space already secured. For the past two and a half years, the foundation for an innovative, inclusive nation has been laid by a host of roles played by fiscal spending. Fiscal spending has served as a pump primer and the private sector a distributor. However, the policy results have just begun to appear. The fiscal roles should continue until our economy can smooth out the waves that originated abroad and regain vitality and the people can sense improvements in their lives. If we fail to take appropriate responses now, we will end up paying a heavier price in the near future. That is why an expansionary budget for next year is a must, not an option. Fellow Koreans and distinguished members of the National Assembly, Fiscal spending is a means to realize national policies. Particularly, the budget and tax code revision proposals reflect the direction that our society should take as well as its goals. These budget proposals for next year contain four objectives: innovation for a more vibrant economy, inclusiveness for a more caring society, fairness for a more just nation and peace for a brighter future.

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To this end, the Government has allocated 513.5 trillion won in total expenditures, a 9.3 percent increase from this year, and 482 trillion won in total revenue, a 1.2 percent increase. First, the fiscal spending aims to boost the innovative power of our economy. In the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the power of innovation is more valuable than buried oil reserves. Innovative capabilities are the very key to national competitiveness. Future growth engines will be generated through creative inspiration, encouraging an embrace of challenges and a passion that is not restrained by the fear of failure. This is why the entire world is engaging in war without gunfire to strengthen the power of innovation. Over the past two and a half years, the Government has made one of its top administrative priorities the establishment of “a country that promotes startups and encourages innovation.” It has made investments to foster innovative capabilities while implementing strategies to nurture new growth industries and fuel a second venture boom – while also formulating a hydrogen economy roadmap and envisioning innovative finance. As a result, the power of innovation is being revived. Investment in new business ventures reached an all-time high of 3.4 trillion won last year and is expected to reach 4 trillion won this year. The number of new businesses also surpassed 100,000 last year and is increasing further this year. The number of unicorn enterprises also rose to nine this year from two in 2016, placing Korea 6th in world rankings. There’s a growing acceptance of innovations that take on new challenges. However, it's still too premature to say that our drive for the second venture boom is achieving success. Next year, we will further enhance the power of innovation in our economy. We’ve allocated 1.7 trillion won for data, network and artificial intelligence, the key areas of the Fourth Industrial Revolution; 3 trillion won for new growth industries, including system semiconductors, biohealth and future cars; and 2.1 trillion won for the efforts to achieve selfsufficiency in such industries as key materials, parts and equipment – all significant increases from this year.

Economy

Address by President Moon Jae-in at National Assembly to Propose Government Budget for 2020

In order to overcome sluggish exports and investments caused by the global economic slowdown, we will expand trade financing by more than 4 trillion won to help exports and provide more tax incentives for corporate investments. To ensure that local areas spark the revival of innovation and economic vigor, we will also carry out in earnest three projects for regional economic vitality that involve the building of infrastructure related to day-to-day living, balanced national development and special regulation-free zones. Second, the fiscal spending aims to enhance our society’s ability to generate the power of inclusiveness and power of fairness. When everyone can enjoy the fruit of innovation together while striving to embrace those left behind and curtail conflict, our society’s capabilities will also be strengthened. This is what inclusiveness is all about. Fairness is the foundation that makes innovation and inclusiveness possible. The Government has generously invested in laying the foundation for an inclusive nation, for instance, by strengthening the social safety net for the vulnerable and expanding customized jobs for young people, women and the “new middle-aged.” As a result, the power of inclusiveness is reaching every nook and cranny of our society. First of all, income conditions are improving. In the second quarter of this year, both household and earned incomes grew at the highest rate in the last five years. In particular, the income of the first quintile group, or the poorest 20 percent, which had continued to decline worryingly due to the population aging, has begun to increase. I hope that the income of the poorest 40 percent will improve further thanks to the effects of policies such as the increase in the Earned Income Tax Credit extended to low-income families.

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Job recovery also continues. The monthly average employment rate for the first nine months of this year was 66.7 percent, the highest ever, with the youth employment rate also being the highest in 12 years. The number of the newly employed rose by more than 450,000 and 340,000 in August and September respectively, so the annual increase in the number of employed people is expected to reach in the mid-200,000s, well above the target of 150,000. The proportion of regular full-time employees also hit a record high of 69.5 percent of all workers this year, and the number of workers covered by employment insurance has increased by more than 500,000, attesting to improvements in job quality. But we still have to make a greater effort. The quality of jobs should be improved further, and we should prevent a rise in unemployment for those in manufacturing and in their 40s. We need to further foster the power of inclusiveness and power of fairness in our society. Above all, we will strengthen the social safety net to make it more tightly knit. By reducing the blind spots in the system created by the National Basic Living Security Act, a total of 79,000 additional households will become eligible for benefits. We will implement in earnest the employment support program, a Korean-style unemployment allowance designed to provide about 200,000 job seekers presently not covered by employment insurance with benefits aimed at facilitating their employment and related support services. In order to enhance the fairness and inclusiveness of education, we will expand the free high school education that just started to benefit graduating third year students this year to include those in the second year next year. In the year after next, weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ll make high school education completely free by applying the benefit to all grades. Young people represent the future of our society. We will supply them with 29,000 rental apartments. In addition, we will further increase the number of SMEs receiving subsidies to hire additional young employees, and we will increase the number of young adults eligible for financial support after having worked with an SME for two to three years. The more women participate in society, the more mature and advanced it becomes. This is also a countermeasure to population aging. We will provide more income tax incentives to businesses that employ women facing career interruptions.

Economy

Address by President Moon Jae-in at National Assembly to Propose Government Budget for 2020

The elderly in the era of an aging population should be allowed to serve longer as the driving force behind social development and enjoy welfare through work. We will increase fiscal spending to create quality jobs for the elderly. We will also increase the number of public service jobs by 130,000 to total 740,000 and extend their duration. Although some criticize budget spending being used to create short-term jobs, there is no question that welfare connected to employment is preferable. In addition, we will raise the basic pension to 300,000 won for an additional 1.57 million senior citizens from low-income families from next year. The self-employed and micro-business owners are the proud main players in our economy. While drastically increasing emergency management stabilization loans and special credit guarantees, we will also issue 5.5 trillion won worth of gift certificates designated for certain local areas and traditional markets. Third, fiscal spending is aimed at enhancing the power of peace, a key to our future. The Korean Peninsula is now facing the final critical juncture on its way toward a permanent peace. It is the wall of denuclearization that we all must surmount together. Only dialogue can bring down the wall. As we have counterparts and must move in step with the international community, we can't afford to arbitrarily race ahead. Still, compared to just two years ago when nuclear and missile threats escalated into fears about war, the path we have to take is now clear. With faith in the progress of history, we must do everything we can for dialogue for the sake of peace. Strong security is what we absolutely need to be able to determine our own destiny, independent of others. Now, the focus of our national security is deterrence against North Korea, but even after unification were to take place one day, we would still require strong security capabilities in order to stand tall as a sovereign state among the world powers.

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We've set aside more than 50 trillion won for national defense next year. While reinforcing key defense systems such as next-generation Korean submarines and reconnaissance satellites, we will increase monthly wages for soldiers by 33 percent to reward their military service. For sergeants, their pay will increase from 410,000 won to 540,000 won. We will make our best efforts to fulfill our international roles in a responsible manner as well as to secure increased support from and expand cooperation with the international community. We will allocate significantly more funds for public diplomacy and official development assistance to provide support for sustainable growth and the virtuous cycle between peace and development. In particular, the budget increases will primarily be funneled into strategic areas, including the four major powers and the countries related to my Administrationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s New Southern and Northern Policies. Once peace is established on the Korean Peninsula, our economy will have a new chance. We will also strive to lay the foundation for a peace economy whereby peace and economic cooperation on the Korean Peninsula mutually reinforce a virtuous cycle by linking railroads and roads and further expanding economic, cultural and people-to-people exchanges between the two Koreas. North Korea's bright future will only become possible on this foundation. I urge North Korea to reciprocate. My fellow citizens, I solemnly listened to the differing voices of the people. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve once again keenly realized the people's aspirations for fairness and reforms. The Government has strived to eliminate the privilege, deceit and unfairness prevalent in our society to date, but the people had much higher expectations. What the people have been demanding are fundamental changes â&#x20AC;&#x201C; even in regard to the lawful unfairness and privileges that are inherent in institutions. They want the leaders of society to demonstrate a higher standard of fairness. As President, I will bear a heavy sense of responsibility.

Economy

Address by President Moon Jae-in at National Assembly to Propose Government Budget for 2020

Innovation, inclusiveness and peace can only exist when they are based on fairness. Fairness has to be established anew in society, education and culture overall as well as in the economy. Deeply honoring the peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s demands, the Government will more resolutely push reform for the sake of fairness. We will renew our commitment to help fairness take root in society with the Anti-Corruption Policy Consultative Council established for a fairer society taking a central role. A fair economy is the core foundation of an innovative, inclusive nation. Unfair trade practices have been corrected as problems with contractor-subcontractor relations are resolved. Corporate governance has been upgraded and mutually beneficial cooperation, including protections for small businesses in residential neighborhoods, has been achieved. However, we still have a long way to go. We will continue to work to help pass or amend fair economy-related bills: the Commercial Act, the Monopoly Regulation and Fair Trade Act, the Fair Transactions in Subcontracting Act and the financial consumer protection act. By doing this, the fair economy can begin to accomplish tangible results. What is most heartbreaking to the people is unfairness in education. The Government will thoroughly conduct the recently launched comprehensive fact-finding investigation into the screening of studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; academic and non-academic records for college admissions, including extra-curricular activities, and seek ways to resolve the phenomenon of ranking high schools by their placement records. The Government will also come up with a plan to reorganize the college entrance system, including raising the portion of students who are accepted solely on the basis of their College Scholastic Ability Test scores. Regarding recruitment, the Government has investigated the employment practices of public organizations and had the Board of Inspection and Audit look into the matter. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s also working to promote fair recruitment and eliminate employment irregularities by requiring public institutions to make hiring decisions based solely on performance assessments. Its efforts are also changing the status of contract workers to that of regular workers. The Government will conduct thorough investigations and take strict measures to completely eliminate recruitment-related irregularities going forward. It will also continue to improve related systems while seeking redress for victims who have suffered as a result of such irregularities.

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We will boldly rectify a wide variety of injustices that impact people’s lives such as tax evasion, work place discrimination and unfairness related to compulsory military service, thereby meeting their expectations. Fellow Koreans and distinguished members of the National Assembly, The public consensus taking shape recently among varying opinions is that reform of the Prosecutors’ Office is urgent. No law enforcement agency can be above the people. Improper investigation practices must be rectified for the sake of prosecutorial authority being exercised with restraint – that is in an impartial way that simultaneously respects human rights. Last week, the Government already briefed the people on ways to overhaul the Prosecutors’ Office, and these steps can be taken without revising existing laws. Before October ends, the rules to protect human rights during investigations will be enacted. These include forbidding the launch of an investigation under unreasonable pretexts and the questioning of suspects in the middle of the night. They also would ban the public disclosure of details related to criminal cases. The reforms – including impartial personnel appointments and effective monitoring of the Prosecutors’ Office – will not stop until the Prosecutors’ Office can be seen as an agency that works for the people – no longer one that wields absolute power. I believe that this is the type of Prosecutors’ Office that not only the public but also most prosecutors earnestly long for. I also hope that the National Assembly will play the most important role in reforming the Prosecutors’ Office. I call on the Assembly to process the legislative bills related to reforming the Prosecutors’ Office as soon as possible, including one to establish an investigative agency to probe corruption among high-ranking public officials and another to adjust the investigative authority between the prosecution and the police. Opinions differ over the need for such an investigative agency, but I’d like to ask what kind of alternative we have if, like in the past, the Prosecutors’ Office fails to voluntarily take strict disciplinary action against its internal irregularities. The agency is very significant in that it can also act as a special body to investigate influence peddling committed by relatives and others with a special connection to the president. If there had been stringent means to rectify power-bred corruption, past abuse of power in state affairs could have been prevented.

Economy

Address by President Moon Jae-in at National Assembly to Propose Government Budget for 2020

The legislative bill to create the agency will help high-ranking officials remain more alert, upright and sound, beginning with this Administration. Also, addressing the people’s demands for livelihood and safety cannot be delayed. As the implementation of reduced working hours will be expanded next year, complementary legislation, including passing the bill for a flexible working hour system, is urgent. This will provide businesses predictability. As soon as possible, the three data economy-related bills concerning responses to the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the special act for the materials, parts and equipment industries to achieve technological self-sufficiency must be processed. Many livelihood-related bills are still pending at the National Assembly, such as one to promote venture investment, a basic act for small business owners, proposed revisions to the Act on Preserving Agricultural Income and three revisions related to the management of kindergartens. The bills related to safety, young adults and women are still pending, such as a bill to make firefighters civil servants of the central government in order to strengthen public safety and disaster responses, a basic act for young adults and the proposed revision of the Act on Special Cases Concerning the Punishment, etc., of Crimes Related to Domestic Violence. In addition, a proposed revision to the act aimed at advancing the National Assembly is also pending. I call on the National Assembly to pay more attention to the people’s demands concerning their livelihood and safety. Recently, the opposition has proposed various agenda items related to fairness. These concern the college entrance system, recruitment and promotion at public institutions, “parachute appointments,” labor union members bequeathing their jobs, military service and taxation reforms, fair trade between large companies and SMEs, changing the status of contract workers into that of regular workers and resolving real estate issues. Sufficient progress could be made in many of these areas if the ruling and opposition parties and the Government can sit down face to face and discuss them.

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Without legislation by the National Assembly, policies for the livelihood of ordinary people cannot permeate into the lives of the public. In particular, to unite the people and to untie the tangled threads of national affairs, I urge the National Assembly to convene the standing state affairs consultative body, comprising representatives from the ruling and opposition parties and the Government, as promised, and to hold more meetings with ruling and opposition party heads, thereby restoring cooperative governance and bringing the 20th Assembly to a successful conclusion. Fellow Koreans, the Speaker and lawmakers, I envision a Republic of Korea where everyone prospers together. We must further upgrade the achievements that all of us have worked hard together to make. Only when conservative and progressive ideas harmonize in a practical manner can we move toward a new era. I believe politics should always maintain a fear of the people. I will be the first to listen carefully to those with different opinions and I and those with similar beliefs will thoughtfully reflect on our views. This is an era where past values and ideologies no longer make sense. Some things must be boldly pushed while others should be postponed or their implementation slowed down to our regret. We need to discuss and cooperate to make the right decisions at the right time. I intend to listen more attentively and more often to the people’s voice and work together with the National Assembly. Since this is the National Assembly’s last regular session of the year, I hope that the 20th Assembly will be assessed as one that worked for the livelihood of ordinary people by concluding the piles of livelihood-related bills and processing next year’s budget proposal and the proposed tax law revisions within the prescribed period. I hope that we will be able to grow the power of innovation, power of inclusiveness, power of fairness and power of peace and that a country where everyone prospers together and an economy that cannot be shaken by anyone will first materialize here in the National Assembly, the hall of the people’s will. Thank you

Economy

December 05, 2019

Congratulatory Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 56th Trade Day Ceremony Economic Policy

Fellow Koreans, distinguished international trading professionals, Trade runs in the blood of Koreans. Envoys from Korea’s ancient Goguryeo Kingdom, which had exchanges with Central Asia, are depicted in the Afrosiab mural in Samarkand, Uzbekistan. In China, merchants from our ancient Silla Kingdom established Sillabang – Korean enclaves – to engage in trade with the Tang Dynasty. During the Goryeo period, Byeoknando on the West Coast of the Korean Peninsula served as an international port, frequented by merchants from as far away as Arabia. Koreans traded across a continent and ocean. When the country was open and actively trading, our economy and culture shined splendidly. The 56th Trade Day today is an occasion for us to revisit the history of trade that has helped build the Republic of Korea’s economy and reaffirm its power to carve out Korea’s future as a bridging nation. When the first Export Day was designated in 1964 to celebrate export volume breaking the US$100 million mark, Korea was a country that shipped such raw materials as iron ore and tungsten. By the time Export Day was renamed Trade Day in 1990, we had become an exporter of semiconductors, home appliances and automobiles.

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We have unceasingly transformed ourselves to take on the challenges that come with entering global markets. While lowering trade barriers, we have developed new technologies and brought about innovations. Trade is also what has helped us rise again at every critical juncture. When Korea used loans from abroad to power its industrialization in the 1960s, exports served as a platform to repay the principal and secure new loans. This brought about the Miracle on the Hangang River. The strength that enabled us to overcome the 1997 foreign exchange crisis also came from an influx of foreign currency following an increase in exports. Now we can also be optimistic about the future of our economy thanks to the robustness of trade. In the midst of difficulties stemming from U.S.-China trade tensions and the global economic slowdown, all of the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s top 10 exporters are seeing their exports dwindle, but Korea, this year, has achieved a US$1 trillion trade volume for the third consecutive year and marked a precious milestone: our 11th straight year with a trade surplus.

Economy

Congratulatory Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 56th Trade Day Ceremony

Moreover, among the countries posting US$1 trillion in trade, only three have registered manufacturing-based surplus: Korea, Germany and China. This fact points to our economy’s strong fundamentals. We are also surmounting Japan’s export restrictions by uniting business leaders, scientists and engineers as well as the general public. By localizing the production of materials, parts and equipment and diversifying their import sources, we are actually turning this instead into an opportunity to enhance our industries’ competitiveness. In this grave global economic situation, I am grateful to international trade professionals and citizens for safeguarding our economy while helping Korea maintain its status as a trading powerhouse. International traders, We are facing new challenges. We must take the lead in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and ride out the violent waves of protectionism. While maintaining our flagship industries’ competitiveness, we have to secure new momentum for export growth. Fortunately, our potential is being demonstrated everywhere. Our mainstay industries are quickly recovering their competitiveness. Automobile exports to the United States, the European Union and ASEAN have increased evenly, and domestic shipbuilders have won more than 90 percent of global orders for LNG carriers this year, maintaining the No.1 spot in global orders for two years in a row. New engines for export growth are also making rapid progress. Compared to last year, exports of electric and hydrogen-powered vehicles significantly increased – having more than doubled and tripled, respectively. The biohealth industry has seen its exports increase for nine years in a row. Exports of rechargeable batteries have risen for three years in a row, and we now export more food than home appliances.

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The diversification of trade markets is also raising hopes. Exports to countries linked to the New Southern Policy, for the first time, accounted for over 20 percent of this year’s exports, and ASEAN is emerging as a key partner and Korea’s second largest destination for trade. Exports to the former Soviet Union, including Russia, also grew 24 percent year on year. Small and medium-sized enterprises are making a noticeable leap forward as well. About 1,300 SMEs this year have started exporting for the first time, bringing the total number of SMEs exporting to around 90,000. SMEs will soon account for 20 percent of our total exports. EMT Omega, developer of the world’s first dash cam that can be booted in about one second; HM International, an exporter of K-pop-related cultural content; i-SENS, a developer of a personal blood glucose monitoring device that has been exported to over 100 countries; and Ange, a manufacturer of baby products that has played a leading role in employing people with disabilities – these companies used their technology and competence to advance into global markets, and they represent the future of the Republic of Korea. Our proud international traders, An increasing number of companies are entering broader markets. We’re moving toward a new era when we grow and share profits together. We are ushering in an age when Korea – by sharpening its competitive edge through mutually beneficial cooperation between SMEs and large businesses – emerges as a trading powerhouse that cannot be shaken by the high waves of change. Our people are well aware of your passion for crossing continents and oceans to blaze a trail through uncharted territory in order to conclude a single contract. The Government will join you with the same passion. The ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit and the Mekong-ROK Summit served as venues to confirm the unlimited possibilities for cooperation. Starting from such areas as infrastructure, smart cities, the environment, finance and agriculture, the Republic of Korea will progress alongside ASEAN’s dreams.

Economy

Congratulatory Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 56th Trade Day Ceremony

In addition to the RCEP agreement, the world’s largest multilateral FTA, and the CEPA with Indonesia, we will lay a foundation for growth that links the New Southern Policy with the New Northern Policy by expanding bilateral FTAs with Malaysia, the Philippines, Russia and Uzbekistan. By speeding up FTA negotiations with Mercosur, the South American common market, we will expand Korea’s FTA network – currently encompassing countries accounting for 77 percent of global GDP – to include countries producing 90 percent of global GDP by 2022. Along with free trade, regulatory reform is essential to strengthen the competitiveness of new industries. We will develop the three new industries – system semiconductors, biohealth and future cars – as well as the cosmetics, rechargeable battery and food industries as future export engines. We will use regulatory sandboxes and special regulation-free zones to broaden the foundation that enables technological innovations and new products to succeed. Fostering the materials, parts and equipment industries is the way to achieve technological self-sufficiency. Domestic companies have been expanding mutually beneficial cooperation while quickly adapting. Soulbrain, Hyosung Advanced Materials, Youngjin IND and Heesung Electronics not only localized the production of materials, parts and equipment but also increased their exports. A bill to revise the special act to promote materials, parts and equipment industries passed the National Assembly, and relevant support measures and a system for implementation have been enacted into laws. The 2.1 trillion won in relevant funding earmarked for next year is also more than double this year’s, and 8.7 trillion won will be invested in technological development over the next five years. An increasing number of companies will advance to the global market, going beyond the localization of technology and production. SMEs are the main players for future exports. Special loan guarantees for startups and SMEs will quadruple to 200 billion won next year, and trade financing will rise more than 30 percent to 8.2 trillion won to facilitate advances into emerging markets.

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The Government will strengthen backing for Brand K marketing, which utilizes Hallyu to promote SME-produced goods in overseas exhibitions in order to help them penetrate foreign markets. Fellow Koreans and international traders, We have built today’s Republic of Korea through trade. Korea’s business environment was ranked fifth in the world and is considered the best among the G20 countries. Korea’s national competitiveness ranking has also risen for the third consecutive year, and the country is about to be listed among the top 10 most competitive countries in the world. Our biggest strength lies in the trade that has brought about growth through openness and inclusiveness. Just as we have developed our economy thus far performing on a global scale, we will usher in a new era through trade as well. Countries have territories, but trade is not confined by borders. When our ancestors expanded the domain of exchanges and trade to a continent and ocean, our country was able to advance in step with civilizations around the world. The Government will always be with you so that our international traders can advance more robustly into every nook and cranny of the world with pride in our technology and products. We will never stop our march until we see Korea become one of the world’s four biggest exporters by 2030. We will run vigorously with you toward a new future. Thank you.

Economy

July 25, 2019

Congratulatory Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for Mutually Beneficial Job Creation Investment Agreement in Gumi Local Jobs

Fellow Koreans, citizens of Gumi, Governor Lee Cheol-woo, Mayor Jang Seyong and distinguished guests from home and abroad, I am glad to meet you all. LG Chem, the city of Gumi and Gyeongsangbuk-do signed an MOU regarding investment to create new jobs. This agreement was reached among representatives of labor, management, the government, and civil society just six months after negotiations began. The determination of the people of Gumi and Gyeongsangbuk-do to restore economic vitality has served as the greatest driver leading to this accomplishment in such a short time. LG Chem has made the bold decision to invest in line with its commitment to achieving mutual benefits with the region. The central and local governments have also come together with proactive support. Japan’s ongoing restrictions of exports to Korea allow us to reaffirm our confidence in “doing it ourselves.” I am pleased to be able to bring good news to our people. Notably, I wholeheartedly congratulate the Gumi National Industrial Complex that marks the 50th anniversary of its founding this year on having a renewed opportunity to surge ahead.

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Gumi once led the advancement of the Republic of Korea’s industries and the country’s highflying growth. This region has demonstrated its potential once again. The history of Gumi is the history of the Republic of Korea’s industrialization. In 1975, only 11 years after Korea’s entire exports broke the US$100 million mark, Gumi achieved US$100 million in exports singlehandedly. Not far away from the Gumi City Hall is a monument named the “export industry tower,” reflecting the city’s pride in serving as a growth engine of the Korean economy. Gumi is a story of prevailing during Korea’s economic hard times to advance. These episodes include the first and second oil shocks in the 1970s, the foreign exchange crisis that necessitated an IMF bailout in the late 1990s and the global financial crisis in the late 2000s. We find ourselves today facing increased global economic uncertainty and more difficult economic conditions inside and outside the country as a result of Japan’s export restrictions, among other things. At this juncture, Gumi has presented a new breakthrough toward economic vitality with mutually beneficial job creation. I express my respect to the residents of Gyeongsangbuk-do and Gumi for demonstrating their fully developed capabilities. I also deeply appreciate LG Chem, which decided to make bold investment in Korea by shifting its policy to go overseas. In addition, let me thank the members of labor and civil society, including Chairperson Kim Dong-ui of the Gumi chapter of the Federation of Korean Trade Unions, who worked so hard to coordinate various interests. Citizens of Gumi, In 1982, computers at the Gumi Institute of Electronics Technology and Seoul National University were linked via the internet. At a time when computers were not manufactured domestically, Korea became the world’s second, following the United States, to establish its own online connection, a feat that caught global attention. Korea’s unsurpassed ICT sector began to flourish in the 2000s, but the seeds for that success can be said to have been sewn some 20 years earlier.

Economy

Daring imagination and creative application have driven our nation’s economic growth. Like Korea’s development of the world’ second internet connection, this job creation program in Gumi is built upon the capability to think in new ways and then translate them into action. In step with the job creation initiative in Gwangju, I expect that the Gumi job program will become yet another model of mutually beneficial job creation. Hopefully, additional job programs of this type will also serve as new growth engines of our economy. The job creation program in Gumi is the first of its kind to invest in new industries as a mutually beneficial job creation program. This unique approach will help to usher in a renaissance in manufacturing in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

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The market for small, mid-sized and large rechargeable batteries is projected to see an average annual growth of at least 16 percent through 2025, and the growth in demand for related parts and materials is expected to average some 30 percent per year over the same period. Since 2011, Korea has solidly remained at the top of world market for small rechargeable batteries and energy storage systems. However, the country’s market share for electronic vehicles and related materials market is still relatively low. LG Chem decided to invest in new facilities to produce the anode material essential for leadership in the rechargeable battery market, which has emerged as a core sector in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The company will invest 500 billion won in Sector 5 at the Gumi Nation Industrial Complex through 2024 to produce 60,000 tons of anode material annually. As a nation, we now must lower our dependence on foreign suppliers for key materials. Thus, the agreement on the job creation initiative in Gumi will serve as an opportunity to help meet the expectations of those in the industrial community and the general public alike—all of whom want to see the country’s industrial competitiveness strengthen. The agreement has also proven that combining compromise and concession among labor, management, the government, and civil society with government support make new investments in Korea attractive. This approach can persuade domestic firms with technological competitiveness that have moved offshore to come back. I look forward to seeing the job creation programs in Gumi and Gwangju set the stage for domestic companies that have relocated overseas to return and revitalize new investment. Above all, let me heartily applaud Gumi’s presentation of a new, local area-led investment model that generates many quality jobs and helps the local community restore its economic vitality while making the most of its attributes.

Economy

Congratulatory Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for Mutually Beneficial Job Creation Investment Agreement in Gumi

As we all know, the electronics industry has been central to Gumi’s development. Gumi started with home appliances and expanded into semiconductors, mobile handsets and displays. However, it is also true that the city’s economic vigor has waned in recent years. The agreement to promote mutually beneficial job creation in the region helped bring in a factory that produces materials needed for rechargeable batteries. These materials, in turn, are expected to see exponential growth in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Therefore, Gumi is now poised to experience a new growth surge. By attracting related industries and more investment, Gumi could grow into a hub for EV batteries. This agreement will result in about 1,000 new jobs, either directly or indirectly. Mutually beneficial cooperation with local universities, including the introduction of majors specializing in rechargeable battery technology, will create decent jobs for talented young individuals in the area. The Government will do all it can to ensure the success of the Gumi-type job creation model. We will step up efforts to improve local infrastructure to enhance the quality of life. This includes facilities for recreation, sports, childcare and social welfare, helping to induce a second or a third Gumi-type job creation model. Fellow Koreans and Gumi citizens, Five years ago, when the Gwangju-type job creation model was discussed, many expressed doubts over its feasibility. The bold concept was realized last January through a social agreement on “going together by making concessions little by little.” Since then, the wave of change is starting to spread throughout the country. The effort for mutual prosperity that started in Gwangju has reached Miryang and Gumi. Now, mutually beneficial, regional job creation models are also being pursued in Jeollabukdo, Gangwon-do, and elsewhere. While the Gwangju model inspired mutually beneficial regional job creation, the Gumi model has made it a trend.

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Mutually beneficial regional job creation is a way to vitalize local economies and boost domestic manufacturing. This is a way to move toward an innovative, inclusive nation where everyone prospers together. It is also a way for labor and management, primary- and subcontractors, and companies and regions to thrive together. We must pass an amendment to the Special Act on Balanced National Development in order to give greater impetus to mutually beneficial job creation by securing a legal framework and the legal basis for its support. I once again urge the National Assemblyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s cooperation on this matter. I, together with the people, congratulate the inception of the Gumi-type job creation model. May the Republic of Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s economy regain its vitality starting from Gumi. Thank you.

Economy

October 24, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for Mutually Beneficial, Gunsan-type Jobs Agreement Local Jobs

Fellow Koreans and Gunsan citizens, I have come to Gunsan with very good news. There has been a lot of concern locally and in the Government over Hyundai Heavy Industries’ shipyard halting operation and GM Korea closing its plant here. Today, a mutually beneficial Gunsan-type jobs agreement will be signed to revive the city’s economy. I hope it becomes the platform that brings Gunsan’s economy a new growth surge. Today’s signing ceremony sets in motion one more mutually beneficial jobs model following those created in Gwangju, Miryang, Daegu, Gumi and Hoengseong. The agreement encompasses all of the city’s compassionate stakeholders who will lay out Gunsan’s future: employees and managers at its automobile-related businesses, the local chapters of both national umbrella unions, civil society, the governments of Jeollabuk-do Province and the City of Gunsan as well as the Saemangeum Development and Investment Agency and Kunsan National University. In Gunsan and the Saemangeum area, new electric vehicle manufacturing clusters will be built. By 2022, a total of 412.2 billion won will be invested and some 1,900 people will find jobs through direct employment. The now idle lines of the automobile plant will once again vigorously roll out cars, this time electric ones.

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I extend my profound gratitude and respect to the labor and management of automobile businesses that have made a bold decision for Gunsan-type jobs and to the chairs of the two local union chapters Ko Jin-gon and Choi Jae-chun, who helped engineer the successful agreement, as well as Jeollabuk-do Governor Song Ha-jin, Gunsan Mayor Kang Im-june and the other relevant provincial and municipal officials. Citizens of Gunsan, Gunsan has always ushered in a new future with its bold determination. Among the businesses in Gunsan that helped establish Korea’s modern industries were Kyungsung Rubber Industry Corp, which was the first company founded in Korea with native Korean capital; Baekhwa Brewery, which made the finest quality liquor in Korea out of rice harvested from the Jeolla provinces’ breadbasket; and Sedae Paper, which controlled the supply of paper needed to print the nation’s newspapers. Longshoremen working at the Port of Gunsan in the 1920s organized a labor union that became the center of a nationwide labor movement. They did this in the spirit of all sharing food when they had it and starving together when they did not.

Economy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for Mutually Beneficial, Gunsan-type Jobs Agreement

Through broad-minded concessions and burden sharing, Gunsan’s businesses, labor unions and local governments have been able to find ways to live prosperously together. This has been possible thanks to Gunsan’s proud tradition of helping to initiate entrepreneurship and protect labor rights. During the period of industrialization, the city showed bold determination to build an industrial park by reclaiming land from the sea. The exports of the manufacturing industry, which took advantage of the West Coast’s geographical advantages, have served as a driving force behind the economy of Gunsan, Jeollabuk-do and Korea as well. Gunsan's exports increased more than seven times in just 10 years to US$7.4 billion from about US$1 billion in 2001, accounting for more than half of Jeollabuk-do’s exports. Today, Gunsan has made yet another bold decision to make electric vehicles its mainstay industry after overcoming all the related difficulties. The Government has recently announced its future car national vision with the aim of becoming the most competitive country in terms of future vehicles by 2030. The global electric vehicle market is expected to grow more than sevenfold to US$525 billion in 2030 from US$64 billion in 2018. The Gunsan-type job program will play a key role in the era of electric cars globally, going beyond Korea. Gunsan is an optimal place to foster the electric vehicle industry. The city is home to the Jeonbuk Institute of Automotive Convergence Technology and the Saemangeum self-driving test site, and a new self-driving car test bed is now under construction. Experts in the field of future electric vehicles are being nurtured at Kunsan National University. As such, the city has a variety of excellent conditions for the development, testing and mass production of electric vehicles. When it comes to exporting electric vehicles to China and Europe – the world’s biggest electric vehicle markets – Gunsan will see an unmatched logistics infrastructure take shape alongside its old port once construction of the new port and international airport in Saemangeum are completed.

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Small but strong businesses are another strong point of Gunsan-type jobs. Myeongshin, Edison Motors, Daechang Motors and Mobile Power System Korea have unrivaled competitive edges in electric cars, buses, trucks and electric carts, respectively. The local areaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s determination to foster new industries combined with Government support and this grand compromise among labor, management, the local government and the private sector will enable Gunsan to stand tall as an electric vehicle mecca. Fellow Koreans, The Gunsan-type jobs agreement is more promising than any other as its features are defined by the highest levels of mutual benefit. Among the mutually beneficial jobs programs, it recruits the greatest number of workers through direct employment, boasts a high percentage of regular workers and adopts an advanced wage system that is tied to the type of work and performance. A new standard for mutually beneficial agreements has also been proposed. Auto manufacturers and parts suppliersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; relations were laid out to be horizontal, cooperative partnerships, thereby creating the mature contractor-subcontractor relationship that will lead the fair economy and mutually beneficial cooperation. Locally based joint negotiations to set guidelines for standard wages started here for the first time in the country, and an optimal wage system that minimizes pay gaps in workplaces has been put in place. Labor and management agreed to accept arbitrated settlements over the next five years, demonstrating an exemplary case of labor-management cooperation. This is attributed to the two major umbrella labor unions in the region cooperating and showing their capabilities for mutual benefits through concessions. These Gunsan-type jobs are serving to not only bring employment to the region but also sustain manufacturing jobs.

Economy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for Mutually Beneficial, Gunsan-type Jobs Agreement

Auto parts suppliers in Jeollabuk-do and “root industries” – molding, casting, etc. – now have chances to jointly manufacture electric cars with auto manufacturers. Costech Inc., which is taking part in the signing ceremony, has switched its production lines for internal combustion engine parts to be able to manufacture electronic components for electric cars and autonomous vehicles. I hope more parts suppliers transition to future cars, thereby protecting jobs and improving competitiveness. Fellow Koreans and Gunsan citizens, The mutually beneficial jobs that began in Gwangju have spread to six different regions in less than one year. Making the most of each region’s attributes, mutually beneficial jobs are producing positive results for the local economy, jobs and labor-management relations. The extent of the mutual benefits is also improving day by day. By combining the strengths of these mutually beneficial jobs from different areas, these Gunsan-type jobs have been able to create a more advanced model of mutually beneficial jobs today. Now, all that is left is to create a success story by continuing to cooperate as originally conceived. When a special regulation-free zone is designated and other regulatory reform efforts by Jeollabuk-do are added, the Gunsan and Jeollabuk-do economies will make an even greater leap forward as the center of future cars. The Government will help local areas through support centers for mutually beneficial regional jobs and provide a better environment for businesses and workers. Mutually beneficial jobs will further brighten the future of local areas, and we will grow larger together. The Government supports mutually beneficial jobs together with local areas and the people. I hope that the Gunsan-type jobs announced today will spread hope to every nook and cranny of the country. Thank you.

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February 06, 2020

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for Mutually Beneficial Busan-type Jobs Agreement Local Jobs

Fellow Koreans and Busan citizens, Today, a mutually beneficial Busan-type jobs agreement will be signed. This is the 7th mutually beneficial jobs model following those created in Gwangju, Miryang, Daegu, Gumi, Hoengseong and Gunsan. It will become the first for the year 2020. Even amidst the emergency situation caused by the novel coronavirus outbreak, we can never afford to ease up on efforts to sustain and foster economic vitality. For this reason, the signing of the Busan-type jobs agreement is truly good news that delivers a major boost to our economy that is once again suffering difficulties. Now in Busanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Eco Delta City, an industrial cluster will emerge for the production of electric vehicle components and relevant research and development. Approximately 760 billion won will be invested in Busan â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the largest investment made since the one by Renault Samsung Motors 25 years ago, and 4,300 jobs will be created.

Economy

What makes the Busan-type jobs model even more precious today is the fact that everyone has come together to create top-of-the-line jobs. Businesses, universities and institutes in Busan â&#x20AC;&#x201C; together with the Busan Metropolitan City Government â&#x20AC;&#x201C; have mobilized every one of their available capabilities. Labor, management, civic groups and the local government have also pooled their strengths while making mutual concessions. The pride of the Busantype jobs model lies in the evolution of mutually beneficial relations that have developed beyond just labor and management to reach those between original contractors and subcontractors. The central and local governments have also worked together to persuade a business that was planning to relocate overseas to invest in Busan instead. I extend my profound gratitude and encouragement to Korens Chairman Cho Yongkuk, who has made a bold decision to create Busan-type jobs; Busan local chapter chair Seo Yeong-gi of the Federation of Korean Trade Unions; Busan Mayor Oh Keo-don, who helped engineer the success of the agreement; and the relevant Busan Metropolitan City Government officials.

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Busan citizens, Busan’s dream is none other than the dream of the Republic of Korea. It extends beyond regions and connects with a global vision. During the Japanese colonial rule, workers at Busan’s Joseon Textile Company and rubber plants as well as longshoremen joined forces and rose up against the Japanese imperialists’ exploitation of labor. Busan citizens were also main actors, helping to safeguard Korea’s democracy, in the April 19 Revolution of 1960, the 1979 Busan-Masan Democratic Protests and the 1987 June Struggle. Busan citizens’ love for movies has cultivated the Busan International Film Festival into one of the world’s prestigious cinematic events. The enthusiasm of baseball fans who sing their hearts out during the fight song “Busan Seagulls” has turned Busan Sajik Baseball Stadium into one of the most passionate sports stadiums in the world. Busan holds the potential that once spearheaded Korea’s export-driven industrialization through footwear, textile and plywood industries. Busan’s Eco Delta City will emerge as a world-class electric vehicle component production base and make the Busan-type jobs model a success, thereby ensuring that Busan becomes a source of hope for the Republic of Korea’s economy. Middle-market businesses and suppliers that are equipped with solid capabilities and technological prowess are Busan and the Republic of Korea’s competitive edge. Korens, an auto parts manufacturer, is enhancing the competitiveness of the Korean electric vehicle industry by producing a powertrain, a core component designed to improve the driving performance of electric vehicles. It is projected to export four million powertrain units by 2031, posting 1.5 trillion won in sales each year. Korens will also achieve a high level of mutually beneficial technological cooperation for the first time in the country by forming a joint research and development fund together with 20 suppliers and by supporting technology transfer, cost-free patent access and the dispatch of skilled workers.

Economy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for Mutually Beneficial Busan-type Jobs Agreement

The Busan Automobile-Parts Industries Cooperative Association, universities and research institutions are enhancing the competitiveness of electric vehicles through joint technology development. When a hub for eco-friendly auto parts technology and a smart industrial complex data center are built in Busan, the certification of electric vehicle parts and support for commercialization will go into full gear. The spirit of Busan – “There’s nothing we cannot do if we do it together” – is the biggest competitive edge of the city and the Republic of Korea. Now, electric vehicle parts will be exported to the global market through the Port of Busan that is connected to 150 countries around the world. By 2030, we will be the No. 1 nation in terms of future-car competitiveness. Fellow Koreans and Busan citizens, Mutually beneficial jobs are indeed decent ones. These will be attractive positions that can keep young people in the region. Everyone will be hired as regular employees with a guaranteed retirement age, thus assuring job security. The mutually beneficial decent jobs agreement among these businesses will help further increase job satisfaction. Guaranteeing employment for talented individuals in the region will help young people here achieve their dreams while staying in their hometowns. Students from automobile-oriented Meister and specialized high schools as well as college students majoring in automotive engineering in Busan will all play leading roles in promoting innovation in the city through training programs that partner with academia and industry. The mutually beneficial local jobs that started in Gwangju last year have helped attract 2.9 trillion won in investment and directly and indirectly generated 20,000 jobs so far. The new culture of labor-management harmony that originated with mutually beneficial jobs has helped domestic companies opt to keep their operations in the country rather than ship them overseas. It is also breathing new vitality into efforts to attract foreign investment.

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There will be mutually beneficial jobs created in many more regions this year, thereby helping people experience tangible changes. The Government has increased its investment in regional state-owned corporations by 2.9 trillion won over last yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s amount to reach a total of 13.9 trillion won. It has also launched a facility investment boom-up program that provides 4.5 trillion won in total funding to SMEs and middle-market companies for that purpose. It will help increase the number of mutually beneficial local jobs and do all it can to become a pump primer in revitalizing local economies. Fellow Koreans and Busan citizens, Busan is an inclusive city that embraced refugees during the Korean War and has represented workers and the marginalized. Todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s signing of the mutually beneficial agreement for Busan-type jobs will become a milestone that helps the Republic of Korea usher in an era when everyone prospers together in an innovative and inclusive nation. The Government will always stand with you to ensure that these Busan-type jobs succeed without fail. Together with local areas and also with the people, we will advance vigorously so that the spirit of economic vitality that sprang up in Busan will spread nationwide, enabling us to prevail over the novel coronavirus and take a mutually beneficial leap forward. Thank you.

Economy

May 22, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Biohealth National Vision Proclamation Ceremony (9th Stop of Nationwide Economic Tour: Chungcheongbuk-do Province) Innovative Growth

Residents of Chungcheongbuk-do Province and local business leaders, I am glad to meet you all. Some 20 years ago, the dream of creating Korea’s first bioscience complex took seed on a vast sprawling area over 4.6 million square meters here in Osong. Combined with the Participatory Government’s balanced national development policy, the dream gave rise to a forest of biosciences that houses cutting-edge enterprises and six government agencies and research institutions, including the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. I am very pleased to unveil Korea’s biohealth industry innovation strategy here in Osong, which has set its sights on becoming a world-class bio-cluster. A few days ago, Osong Bio Valley achieved yet another great milestone. With private businesses, academia and government agencies working together as one, Korea became the seventh country to be placed on the EU’s white list of those approved for the importation of active substances. This will facilitate shipments of Korea-made active ingredients to Europe by our bio and pharmaceutical companies. A new trail has been blazed for ever-increasing inroads into markets overseas.

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From veteran public officials to the most recently assigned recruits, every civil servant has put all that they had into the preparations. Businesses have also cooperated with the same objective in mind – so much so that when an EU assessment team made a surprise visit to one of the companies in question, its flawless management revealed not a single fault. This is something that hasn’t been made public: The EU assessment team, upon leaving Korea, gave a gift as a token of appreciation for the enthusiasm and endeavors of Korean public servants. It even showed its goodwill by releasing the news of our white list qualification at a time suited for Korea. I’ve come to recognize once again how many accomplishments we can make when businesses and government work together as one. I applaud and commend the officials from the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety and businesspeople involved. Fellow Koreans, With average life expectancy increasing worldwide, our interest has shifted from “living a long life” to “living a long, healthy life.” This is why the biohealth industry will only keep growing and advancing. As of 2016, the global market size of biomedicine and medical equipment had already swelled to a level valued at US$1.8 trillion. Major advanced countries are also paying attention to the biohealth industry. More than 30,000 quality jobs are being created amidst its annual growth of over 5 percent. Notably, the number of research and development jobs for young professionals far exceeds those from the semiconductor and IT sectors. Biohealth is a young industry. Currently, biomedicine accounts for approximately 10 percent of the entire medicinal market, but it’s growing faster than any other industry. Among the 500 largest U.S. businesses in 2019, 21 of them are pharmaceutical and bioengineering companies. A significant number of them are young corporations that were founded only 30 to 40 years ago.

Economy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Biohealth National Vision Proclamation Ceremony (9th Stop of Nationwide Economic Tour: Chungcheongbuk-do Province)

However, this is a demanding industry for newly rising manufacturing countries. It requires advanced research and technological prowess in various fields such as basic life science, clinical medicine and pharmacology. Sometimes, it takes over one trillion won in investments and more than a decade to develop a new drug. However, we have talented individuals and technological prowess. Our medical science and pharmacology fields are among the best in the OECD, when considering the survival rates for those treated for major cancers. We have world-class information and communication infrastructure, hospital systems and medical data, as well as well-established and refined production management capabilities and technologies.

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May 22, 2019

Our businesses are known for the spirit to take on challenges that surpasses that of businesses in advanced nations. Several domestic companies have taken on a challenge and succeeded in areas regarded as “reckless.’’ One startup has developed new medicine, and an SME built up its capabilities through consignment-based production enough to dominate the new global biosimilar market ahead of others. As of last year, domestic companies accounted for two-thirds of the global biosimilar market, and they rank second in the world in terms of the amount of biopharmaceutical production. Last year alone saw exports of new drug technologies worth US$4.8 billion, and outbound shipments of pharmaceuticals and medical devices totaled US$14.4 billion – an annual increase of 20 percent. Now is our best chance to take the lead in the global biohealth market. Even at this moment, Korean companies are conducting several clinical trials all over the world. New blockbuster drugs produced in Korea will be available in the not-too-distant future. The age when pharmaceutical and bioengineering industries lead our economy will arrive before too long. Fellow Koreans, residents of Chungcheongbuk-do and local businesspeople, My Administration has designated biohealth as one of three new key industries, and the number of startups and venture investments have been increasing by a large margin in recent years. By 2030, we aim to capture 6 percent of the global pharmaceutical and medical device market, increase related exports to US$50 billion and foster biohealth as one of the nation’s five mainstay export industries. The degree of our success in the global biohealth market depends on our businesses and talented individuals. The Government will nurture professionals indispensable for research and the utilization of big data in the pharmaceutical and biohealth sectors, thereby helping our country realize its dream of emerging as a biohealth pacesetter. On top of this, what the Government has to do is pave the way and create an industrial ecosystem that allows businesses and professionals to take up a challenge with no hesitation whatsoever. The biohealth innovation strategy to be unveiled today has been formulated after a series of meetings with those from related industries.

Economy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Biohealth National Vision Proclamation Ceremony (9th Stop of Nationwide Economic Tour: Chungcheongbuk-do Province)

Despite sufficient infrastructure and technologies, some businesses still face a shortage of financial resources for their clinical trials overseas. Some lack professionals for commercialization. It is especially regrettable that some companies were unable to break into domestic and overseas markets despite having good ideas. The Government will provide full support to help the private sector demonstrate entrepreneurship. In particular, we will do our best to create an ecology of innovation tailored to all stages of growth from technological development and approval and licensing to production and launch to ensure that mid-market companies, small and medium-sized enterprises and startups can stand tall as the driving forces of the industry. To prevent businesses from giving up technological development due to a shortage of capital, government investments in research and development will be expanded to more than 4 trillion won annually by 2025. The Government will invest more than 2 trillion won in the biohealth industry over the next five years through an exclusive scale-up fund. It will also increase tax credits for R&D and facility investments by businesses. The Government will ensure that our strength in data is used for developing innovative medicines. Five major big data platforms will be set up. We will also foster those hospitals and medical institutions with the highest level of technologies as hubs of innovation ecology that will serve as outposts for future medical technology research and technology commercialization. With an eye toward entry into global markets, regulations will be rationalized to meet global standards. However, the health and lives of the people and, moreover, bioethics will be protected without fail. The level of expertise in evaluations will be raised, the number of evaluators will be drastically increased, and the time needed for the approval and licensing of new tech products will be reduced further. The Government will also establish a cooperative system to link leading companies with startups and provide support to ensure that Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s advanced medical technology, information technology, human resources and systems can be packaged and exported.

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Fellow Koreans and Chungcheongbuk-do residents, Challenges taken and investments made by businesses are national assets. I ask you to support biohealth industry leaders who are not content to stay on well-trodden paths but are creating new growth engines for the Republic of Korea by constantly taking on challenges and making investments that are one step ahead. Following today’s announcement of the national biohealth innovation vision, Chungcheongbuk-do will lay out measures on how to foster the biohealth industry. The province set an ambitious goal to invest 8.2 trillion won in 120 biohealth field-related tasks by 2030, thereby becoming a leader in the Republic of Korea’s biohealth industry. The Government will stand by its side. If our country captures the No. 1 spot in the new field of biohealth globally, the Republic of Korea will be the first place to make the wish to live a long, healthy life come true. I hope that a new wind of economic vitality, along with the dream of protecting the people’s health, will rise here in Chungcheongbuk-do, the land of life and sun. Thank you.

Economy

June 19, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Manufacturing Renaissance Vision Declaration Ceremony Innovative Growth

Distinguished business leaders, I am glad to meet you all. Of note this day, we are joined by representatives from top-notch global manufacturing businesses, including those making products that are the best in the world. I am truly proud and feel reassured. We have achieved industrial development that is now the envy of the world. Although a late starter, we became a fast follower and learner and, in a short span of time, have fostered manufacturing capabilities on par with global standards. With products labeled “Made in Korea” crisscrossing the whole world, Korea is standing tall as the sixth largest manufacturing and export powerhouse. Last year, Korea firmly secured the No.1 spot in terms of global market share for memory semiconductors, OLED displays and shipbuilding. Korea has also become the world’s 4th and 7th largest producer of petrochemical products and automobiles, respectively. The number of first-rate Korean companies that have gained near-top global market shares has increased five-fold to reach 573. All of this can be credited to the sweat and dedication of every one of you here. I applaud and respect you who have overcome fierce competition and risen to the ranks of the world’s top-tier businesses.

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Manufacturing is the mainstay of our economy. It accounts for 30 percent of our GDP and is responsible for 90 percent of our exports. Some 4.5 million quality jobs come from manufacturing. More than 80 percent of research and development as well as patents, the centerpiece of innovative growth, are tied to manufacturing. Region-based traditional manufacturing is shoring up local economies. However, the environment surrounding manufacturing is changing rapidly now. With the rise of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and emerging manufacturing powerhouses, there’s increasing concern that the past strategy of being a fast follower has reached its limit. Manufacturers are also complaining of difficulties stemming from various environmental restrictions, the spread of protectionism and rising production costs. In reality, there has been no change in the country’s top 10 flagship industries over the past decade because we have been unable to create a new industry since memory semiconductors. During this period, China, the factory of the world, has risen as an “overtaker,” stepping beyond “fast follower.” Such structural problems as a decrease in the working age population and flagship industry stagnation, coupled with a reduction in exports due to the recent sluggish global economy and other cyclical economic factors around the world, have sapped manufacturing’s vitality across the board.

Economy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Manufacturing Renaissance Vision Declaration Ceremony

Our manufacturing now stands at a crossroads that will determine whether it takes off or stagnates. The past fast-follower type industrial strategy no longer offers our economy solutions. It’s time for us to urgently transition to an innovative, pace-setting industrial structure. Other manufacturing powers have also begun to revisit the importance of manufacturing as a buttress to their national economies. They’re scrambling to carry out strategies of their own: “Industry 4.0” in Germany, the "Report on Ensuring American Leadership in Advanced Manufacturing” in the United States, Japan’s “New Industrial Structure Vision” and “Made in China 2025” in China. Even in the Fourth Industrial Revolution, manufacturing will still occupy the center of our economy. Manufacturing is the foundation for innovative growth. When a country loses manufacturing capabilities, it also loses innovative capacity. Without the know-how and technological foundations that have accumulated under the “Made in Korea” banner, a seed for new innovation could not even sprout. Today, I’d like to join you in presenting a “Manufacturing Renaissance Vision.” It is designed to revitalize the Republic of Korea’s economy once more, starting with manufacturing. Fellow Koreans, business leaders, My Administration intends to strongly push the “Manufacturing Renaissance Vision” with the goal of making Korea one of the four largest manufacturing powerhouses by 2030. The revitalization of manufacturing is the revival of the economy. I will help usher in an era of per capita income of US$40,000 together with Korea’s emergence as one of the four biggest manufacturers in the world. We will raise the nation's current 6th place ranking in terms of the total value of exports to 4th place in 2030. By 2030, we will also increase the manufacturing value-added ratio from the current 25 percent to 30 percent and the proportion of new industries and new products from 16 percent to 30 percent. Continued efforts will be made to increase the number of world-class businesses more than twofold, from the current 573 to 1,200.

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We will pursue drastic changes in our industrial paradigm. The industrial structure will be transformed from the fast-follower to the pace-setting model; the industrial ecosystem into one that encourages taking on challenges and building up related experiences rather than avoiding risks; and the investment strategy into one that prioritizes people and technologies more than the input of capital. A key element that enables these transformations is none other than innovation. We have to foster pace-setting new industries and help existing industries generate higher added value through innovation. Besides the efforts to innovate the manufacturing process itself – for instance, through "smartization" – the overall industrial ecosystem related to manufacturing – people, technology, finance and procurement – has to be changed in a way that facilitates innovation. In this context, the Government has come up with four strategies to implement a manufacturing renaissance. First, we will accelerate manufacturing innovations with a focus on making things smart, eco-friendly and convergent. We will, as planned, build 30,000 smart factories by 2022 while concentrating intensively on smart factories optimized for the textile and other “root industries” as well as for small and medium-sized shipbuilders. A national artificial intelligence strategy will be formulated this year, and we will earnestly push ahead with smart manufacturing innovation by newly establishing 2,000 AI-based smart factories by 2030. In addition, we will provide support for the technological development of eco-friendly cars and vessels, including electric cars, hydrogen-powered vehicles and LNG-powered ships, and help generate demand, thereby enabling our country to take the lead in green industries. The Government will transform 20 national industrial complexes into "clean manufacturing complexes" and increase tax credits for green investments. We will – on par with the efforts to build smart factories – also extensively expand the "clean factory" project, which provides assistance for the installation of pollutant reduction facilities.

Economy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Manufacturing Renaissance Vision Declaration Ceremony

Convergence, rather than individual goods, will determine success or failure in future manufacturing. My Administration will resolutely eliminate regulations standing in the way of convergence through a regulatory sandbox system and special regulation-free districts. On top of this, a grand industrial complex transformation scheme will be devised before the end of this year for the sake of smart, eco-friendly and convergent innovations. Second, we will foster new future industries through innovation and ensure that the existing flagship industries generate higher added value. The Government will invest 8.4 trillion won into such new industries as system semiconductors, biohealth and future cars by 2030, and the private sector will make a total investment of 180 trillion won in those areas. As part of the effort to make them the Republic of Korea's future growth engines, the Government will put forth a roadmap for sectorspecific, new industry technologies and deregulation to enable systematic assistance and regulatory reforms. Without fail, we have to safeguard the existing flagship industries that are facing difficulties. I donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t see any industry that needs be eliminated; there are only industries that must be innovated. We must endeavor to transform these industries into ones with higher addedvalue through innovation. We will revise the Special Act on Corporate Revitalization to provide active support to help conventional flagship industries expand and transition into new industries. By creating a 5 trillion won corporate structure innovation fund, we will provide support to help distressed businesses regain their competitive edge through restructuring. Third, we will transform the overall industrial ecosystem â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the people, technology, finance and procurement related to manufacturing â&#x20AC;&#x201C; to make it more focused on innovation. Investments in people will be increased to provide the large number of innovative, talented individuals needed in manufacturing. Based on the mid- to long-term industrial development vision and the outcome of demand forecasts, we will devise a pan-government roadmap for fostering industrial human resources this year. We will also work out an engineering education innovation scheme to cultivate creative individuals in engineering, including school-to-work program under future-employment agreements and R&D professionals.

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The R&D system will be reorganized so that new challenges can be taken on and related experiences built up. Departing from current R&D project assessments that mainly consider the chance of success, we will introduce an "alchemist program" this year, which will still allow the accumulation of innovative technologies and experience even if the probability of success for certain R&D projects appears low at the present time. The program will start with 10 billion won, and its size will be expanded to 700 billion won by 2030. Moreover, the Government will establish technology accumulation hubs at specialized public institutions and universities to allow research experiences and technology to be amassed for social benefit. It will also come up with a national intellectual property innovation strategy in August. In addition, the Government will establish a financial system to help innovative manufacturing companies take on challenges. It will also create a bank lending system that mainly reviews borrowersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; technological prowess and future growth potential. This will be done by upgrading the credit review system in order to appraise various assets as a â&#x20AC;&#x153;packageâ&#x20AC;? instead of only focusing on real estate as collateral. It will also provide a maximum of 12.5 trillion won in government-backed financing through state-owned banks to SMEs and midmarket companies over the next three years. The procurement field will be transformed in a way that promotes innovation. The Government will become the first buyer of innovative products and proactively create demand for them. It will also lay out comprehensive measures for innovation-oriented public procurement in July. These include the creation of a fast-track system for purchasing innovative products that will allow more buyers to sign exclusive contracts when innovative products are involved. Fourth, the Government will drastically strengthen support for domestic investments that contribute to invigorating new innovative industries and regional economies as well as creating jobs. We have to make sure that domestic investment appears more attractive than overseas investment. The Government will offer the maximum assistance possible to businesses returning from abroad and creating new jobs in the country and those that expand their domestic factories instead of moving overseas.

Economy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Manufacturing Renaissance Vision Declaration Ceremony

We will significantly expand tax incentives for advanced technology and new industry fields as well as regional investments in areas that are at risk or lagging behind. We will also boost tax incentives to new industry-related R&D and facility investment. The Foreign Investment Promotion Act, the act on assistance to enterprises returning from overseas and other laws to promote domestic investment will be overhauled, thereby establishing a systematic and attractive support structure. The Government will strengthen assistance for exporters undergoing hardships. It will gradually expand – to a total of 500 billion won – a fund for export-contract based special guarantees for SMEs and mid-market companies in the manufacturing sector as well as startups. By doing so, promising SMEs and mid-market companies that temporarily lack liquidity can receive monetary assistance just by presenting export contracts. For that purpose, the trade insurance fund will be increased, while a special account will be created within the fund to actively assist the securing of orders for large-scale projects in high-risk countries. Distinguished business leaders, We have the world’s best ICT and pools of talent as well as work ethic and passion. We have already shown the possibility of becoming the world’s best in innovating manufacturing. The business leaders gathered here are at the center of all that. In the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution when speed, creativity and flexibility are emphasized, the principal agents of innovation are private sector businesses. The Government will provide a lot of assistance to ensure that you can fully demonstrate entrepreneurship, thereby leading a manufacturing renaissance. Most of all, the private sector and the Government will make concerted efforts; we will create a private-public joint manufacturing renaissance strategy meeting that I will preside over to ensure that innovation in manufacturing can sustain the momentum. We will discuss together the difficulties experienced by businesses, such as manufacturing costs, labor issues and environmental regulations, and listen more attentively. By doing so, we will be able to jointly solve the hardships resulting from the introduction of new rules such as stricter industry safety standards and the 52-hour workweek.

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Joining us here today are the ruling partyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s floor leader and policy committee chair, the executive secretaries of related standing committees and other lawmakers. I ask the National Assembly to provide relevant support for issues that need legislation. For the manufacturing renaissance to lead to an economic renaissance, business leaders, the National Assembly and the Government should come together as one. Let us join forces to realize the dream of the Republic of Korea becoming one of the four strongest manufacturing powerhouses and achieving per capita income of US$40,000. I hope that the people will stand with us as well. Thank you.

Economy

September 17, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Presentation of Three Strategies for Innovative Content Industry Innovative Growth

Fellow Koreans, The content we create makes the world happier. The topic of K-pop and K-dramas invariably surface when I meet with foreign leaders. In each and every country Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve visited, I encountered young people who sing Korean songs and enjoy Korean webtoons, characters, dramas and movies. Enthusiasm to study the Korean language is also rapidly spreading. Seeing those young people around the world who are enjoying our content and growing more hopeful, I feel a sense of pride. I cannot but express my gratitude to culture and arts professionals as well as the creators behind our content. Thank you very much. The Korea Creative Content Agency Education Services Center is the cradle of those talented people who will take responsibility for the future of our content. Here today, Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m very pleased to be able to present three strategies for an innovative content industry that aim to achieve innovative growth through the power of content and culture.

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September 17, 2019

It’s been 20 years since our content evolved into border-crossing Hallyu, or the Korean Wave. At first, it was seen as a passing craze in certain regions, but Korea has now become a country that promotes communication and shared appreciation among people across the globe, transcending regions and genres. The competitiveness of our content industry has grown stronger as well. Korea has transformed itself from an importer to an exporter of cultural goods and services. For the first time in 2012, Korea turned into a net exporter of culture. Cultural content exports have increased over 16 percent annually on average during the past five years. Last year alone, Korea registered US$10 billion in cultural exports, emerging as the seventh largest content powerhouse. By sector, content’s growth trend is second only to semiconductors. In terms of employment, over 650,000 talented individuals are working in the content industry, which has emerged as a key industry for creating jobs. Also, exports of consumer goods and tourism connected to Hallyu content surpassed US$5 billion. Hallyu-linked food, cosmetics, automobiles, mobile phones and appliances have become appealing as well, finding their way into the everyday lives of people around the world. Last year, more than 1.4 million Hallyu fans visited Korea to attend e-sports competitions or to see for themselves the hometowns of K-pop celebrities. Even a “culture without borders” community has appeared, revolving around Hallyu. Recent research has shown that every US$100 worth of content products exported leads to US$248 in exports of related consumer goods and services, more than double the amount. As a matter of fact, Hallyu generated nearly 20 trillion won in production inducement effects last year alone. The content industry has become a crucial industry for reviving the Korean economy, far beyond the scope of culture.

Economy

Fellow citizens, Korea could become a content powerhouse rising from cultural underdevelopment thanks to efforts made by countless creators who took on challenges with ingenuity, innovative technology and entrepreneurship. Korea’s top standing in global e-sports was due to those game developers who made online games and exported them by utilizing our world-class broadband internet infrastructure. BTS pioneered an innovative business model that allows direct communication with fans. TV producer Na Young-seok’s “Grandpas Over Flowers” has, as he mentioned just before, become an example of exporting a program format itself as Korean-style content. Through responsive adaptation to the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Hallyu-multi content and other creative content made by one-person creators can now be simultaneously enjoyed by people around the world on the strength of global platforms and the world’s first commercial 5G service.

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The Government will provide support to ensure that creators with ingenious ideas and innovative technologies can take on as many challenges as they like and succeed by helping them make the most of our strength in content. Through these three innovation strategies for the content industry, we will add wings to those creatorsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; efforts. First, we will provide government-backed financing to make sure that people will be able to launch a new stellar enterprise even if ideas and technologies are the only things they have. By creating the first content venture investment fund and expanding guarantees for content companies, we will increase investments aimed at boosting the content industry over the next three years; additional funds, more than one trillion won compared to the original plan, will be provided. Intensive investments will be made in the planning and early production stages as well as in less common genres where it has been difficult to secure investments due to uncertainties. In so doing, we will help those without proven track records still make progress. This will also create opportunities for those who have tried, but failed, to once more take on a challenge. We will also expand support for experimental areas where the market is not yet fully formed. Second, we will nurture immersive content that employs virtual, augmented and mixed realities to secure future growth engines. As the immersive content market has yet to be fully activated, it will be possible for us to secure a commanding position in the global market ahead of others through bold investments. The Government and the public sector will be the first to adopt and utilize immersive content such as holograms and the content for virtual reality-based education and training, thereby expeditiously boosting the market.

Economy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Presentation of Three Strategies for Innovative Content Industry

Through these efforts, it will also become possible to establish an immersive shopping mall through which people can try on and purchase clothes from Dongdaemun Market via virtual reality. It will also be possible to create culture and tourism-related immersive content more quickly, allowing people to experience Seokguram Grotto in Gyeongju as if there in person while being in their own rooms and to live-stream K-pop concerts via augmented reality. Immersive Hallyu content that combines video games, music content and new technologies will also become available. We will build Asiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s largest immersive content infrastructure in which creators and businesses can strengthen their capabilities and people can easily gain firsthand experiences and familiarity. We will also nurture key professionals. Third, we will spearhead the growth of related industries by utilizing the new Hallyu. During my recent official visit to Thailand, there was a Brand K launching show for Korean government-certified SME products. Featuring K-pop, the show clearly garnered a lot of attention as all of the products released sold out. It has become an exemplary case of the Government and Hallyu content companies working together to pioneer global markets for excellent domestic goods. The Government will expand support for Korean language education and cultural exchanges to help the Hallyu spread farther and strengthen our content export capabilities by providing information concerning overseas markets and support for translation and online marketing. As we did in Thailand, the Government will help actively attract Hallyu tourists by increasing Hallyu-based marketing opportunities for the outstanding consumer goods produced by our SMEs and by turning Hallyu content into a tourism resource and increasing the number of concert halls exclusively dedicated to Hallyu. The Government will protect copyrights internationally to prevent any damage from illegal copying or the counterfeiting of Hallyu-related goods, and we will also concentrate on creating a level playing field for the production of content.

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My fellow Koreans, With the power of content and culture being added to our countryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s industrialization and democratization, the pride of the Republic of Korea has grown even greater. Content will help further enrich our lives and become a crucial future income source. We have time-honored cultural heritage and many ambitious young people, and Koreans are also well known for mirth, talent, and creativity. I hope you all dream and heartily take on challenges. The content that we imagine and create together will lead the world. Let's start right here to establish the world's leading content powerhouse. The Government will open the door to opportunities. Thank you.

Economy

October 10, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for Samsung Display’s New Investment Agreement Innovative Growth

Fellow Koreans and residents of Chungcheongnam-do Province, Today, Samsung Display and the Government of Chungcheongnam-do are to sign an agreement on a new 13.1 trillion-won investment in nextgeneration display panels. Samsung Display has made a bold investment decision, making its commitment to maintaining a commanding lead in the global display market by reshaping the industry around OLED display panels. The local government has reciprocated with a promise to build infrastructure and improve residential conditions. Today’s agreement signing ceremony is all the more meaningful as it appears to coincide with the 10th anniversary of “Display Day,” which was celebrated last Monday. I am grateful to Samsung Electronics Vice Chairman Lee Jaeyong, Samsung Display President & CEO Lee Dong-hoon and Chungcheongnam-do Governor Yang Seung-jo for having brought the public good news. I also appreciate business leaders, universities, research institutions and other relevant officials for joining today’s ceremony.

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Fellow Koreans, Korea’s display industry started with the manufacture of cathode-ray tube monochrome TVs in 1966 and underwent a complete transformation with the emergence of flat panel displays such as LCDs at the dawn of the 2000s. Thanks to bold investments made at that time – after an early reading of the changing trends then pushing LCD panels to the center of the global display market – Korea was able to secure the world’s largest market share. Korea’s display industry is currently taking on yet another challenge and staying ahead in the global market. Just as LCD latecomers are fiercely catching up and unit prices continue to plunge due to global oversupply, our display industry has succeeded in shifting flagship products to high value-added OLED. Decisive investments made in the budding stage of OLED market formation made it possible for Korea to set an astounding global market share record of 96 percent in 2018. It is important for us to now hold on to our No. 1 position with a game changer in the global display market. Prospects have brightened considerably with Samsung Display’s announcement today to make this new investment following LG Display’s July announcement of its plan to invest 3 trillion won in large OLED panels. I would like to express my respect and appreciation to local companies for leading changes by grasping global market trends in a timely manner. The display industry’s potential knows no bounds. Global OLED demand is projected to double by 2024, compared to the US$23.2 billion recorded last year. It is a rapidly-growing blue ocean market. The industry is also a key sector in the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Displays are essential components for smart phones and TVs, and their convergence with other industries provides it a linchpin.

Economy

An MOU on mutually beneficial cooperation will be signed today between Samsung Display and SMEs with regard to materials, components and equipment. It will serve as a crucial opportunity for our country to become self-sufficient in key display-related materials, components and equipment that are now highly dependent on specific countries. Green Optics, an SME that succeeded in localizing the production of key display equipment through cooperation with Samsung Display, is an excellent case study for achieving selfsufficiency in key components and equipment as well as win-win cooperation between large businesses and SMEs. Todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s signing ceremony for a new investment will be the starting point for Korea to emerge as a display manufacturing powerhouse, achieving self-sufficiency in core materials, components and equipment while maintaining a globally unmatched competitiveness in displays that no country can ever challenge. The Government supports Samsung Display boldly taking on a challenge and will stand behind local businessesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; efforts through policies aimed at facilitating innovation in the display industry.

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First, we will boldly assist the development of next-generation display technology. Just a moment ago, I watched a demonstration of the latest products, such as foldable, rollable and stretchable displays. I saw what had once been possible only in science-fiction films come true before my eyes. Building upon our countryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s No. 1 ranking in OLED competitiveness worldwide, we have to secure early dominance of the global market for next-generation displays. To this end, over the next seven years, the Government will allocate a massive total of 400 billion won to help develop next-generation display technology. I hope that this will pump-prime private investments further. Second, the Government will expand support for materials, components and equipment businesses and establish models for mutually beneficial cooperation, thereby innovating the display industry ecosystem. In Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, the Government will also establish a test bed for innovative display manufacturing processes to demonstrate and evaluate new technologies developed by materials, components and equipment businesses so that they can be quickly commercialized. We will also increase support for developing key components for OLED manufacturing equipment. We will provide full support for joint development between large manufacturers of displays and the SMEs that produce related materials and components and other forms of mutually beneficial cooperation. Third, we will focus on nurturing display-related professionals. The Government will help foster around 2,000 researchers and relevant workers for nextgeneration displays over the next four years in order to maintain Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s top spot in global competitiveness. We will also provide customized protection for technical professionals at SMEs and mid-market companies.

Economy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for Samsung Display’s New Investment Agreement

Fellow Koreans and Chungcheongnam-do residents, The display industry is the basis of innovation in our manufacturing. Such groundbreaking products as the recently launched Galaxy Fold would never have seen the light of day if it had not been for the competitiveness of our displays. We already possess the experience and confidence needed to reach the top globally by reading changing trends and making bold investments even amid difficult circumstances. If we can once more dominate the next-generation display market early on and shift the market paradigm, we will be able to firmly hold onto our No. 1 position in the global display industry. With this new investment by Samsung today, Chungcheongnam-do will also be able to take a new leap forward. Today’s event will be of great help for the regional economy and job creation as well as for Chungcheongnam-do becoming the center of innovative growth. Joining the people in congratulating you on the new investment in displays, I hope that the Republic of Korea’s economy starts to regain its vitality from Chungcheongnam-do and continues to grow going forward. Thank you.

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October 10, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Presentation of New Maritime and Fishing Industry Innovation Strategy Innovative Growth

Fellow Koreans and Chungcheongnam-do Province residents, I am pleased to present an innovative strategy for new maritime and fishing industries in Chungcheongnam-do, the nexus of the Pan Yellow Sea Economic Bloc. Chungcheongnam-do is the province of openness and exchanges. The ancient Baekje Kingdom was already adopting aspects of new civilizations as far back as 2,000 years ago â&#x20AC;&#x201C; culminating in the blossoming of culture in Buyeo and Gongju â&#x20AC;&#x201C; and transmitting them to Japan. Provincial residentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; pride in this advanced culture and their social consciousness have served as the driving force generating countless patriots and scholar officials loyal to their monarch. Chungcheongnam-do is now poised to rise once again as the focal point of a pan-Yellow Sea maritime economic bloc, inheriting the vision of Baekje, the hub of ancient maritime exchanges. As Chungcheongnam-do is in close proximity to the Seoul metro area and faces China across the sea, it has tremendous trade and investment potential. Establishment of the National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea and a national eco-industrial park has made it possible to closely connect marine ecosystem research with relevant industries.

Economy

Here in Chungcheongnam-do, there are numerous businesses leading marine biotechnology, which will become a future growth engine. In addition, this west coast province is rich in marine tourism resources, including the world’s fifth largest mudflats and Garorim Bay, Korea’s only marine species reserve. More than anything else, Chungcheongnam-do’s determination to open the door to the future through the sea is its most remarkable attribute. The Government, for its part, will back the province’s resolve with active support. Residents of Chungcheongnam-do, The sea is our future. The importance of the sea is gradually growing – not only for such traditional maritime industries as shipping and fishery but also for energy, the environment, tourism, maritime healing, marine biotechnology and arctic field research. The volume of new marine industries’ global market is rapidly growing at a rate of 8.5 percent per year. Moreover, Chungcheongnam-do is in possession of the optimum conditions for new marine industries.

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The Government has thus far worked to invigorate marine industries, infuse vitality into fishing communities and keep the sea clean. On Maritime Day in May 2017, I promised to revive the shipping industry. Following that, a five-year plan to rebuild the shipping industry was formulated and the Korea Ocean Business Corporation was launched. Financial assistance has also been provided in the amount of 640 billion won in connection with 20 ultra-large container ships. As a result, oceangoing shipping companies had a sharp increase in sales, from 29 trillion won in 2016 to 34 trillion won last year. We have also launched the “Fishing Village New Deal 300” project to improve residential conditions in fishing communities and are pushing ahead with the “Fisheries Innovation 2030” project to promote fishing industry innovation. Through these projects, we will usher in an era where fishing industry sales reach 100 trillion won by 2030 with an average fishing household income of 80 million won. In addition, we have declared this year to be year one in a campaign for zero plastic waste in oceans. We will strive to reduce plastic waste 50 percent by 2030 and revive our seas which are now suffering from marine debris. The flagship areas of our maritime industry are already world-class with global rankings of 4th in port container traffic, 5th in shipping volume and 7th in aquaculture production. On top of this, we have vast maritime jurisdictional zones that are 4.4 times our country’s land area and maritime resources that are globally unmatched in terms of marine biodiversity. Our country is also equipped with advanced capabilities for the new industries related to marine biotechnology and energy. The Government will bring these capabilities together to build our country a maritime-rich global power through the new maritime and fishing industry innovation strategy. First, we will actively foster five key maritime industries such as marine biotechnology, marine tourism, eco-friendly ships, advanced marine equipment and marine energy.

Economy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Presentation of New Maritime and Fishing Industry Innovation Strategy

We will expand the market for new marine industries – which is currently valued at about 3 trillion won – to reach around 11 trillion won by 2030 and will identify and help promote 20 “ocean stellar firms,” maritime startups with sales of over 100 billion won, by 2030. We will build a maritime bioindustry cluster that will attract promising companies and talented individuals and will secure marine resources by expanding the scope of coastalcentered maritime surveys out into our exclusive economic zone. We will also promote marine tourism by utilizing various resources such as the mudflats in Boryeong and the recreational black pine forests in Taean and Seocheon, thereby spurring regional development. We will also provide full support for advanced maritime equipment, marine energy production and eco-friendly ships, such as underwater construction robots, tidal current power generation systems and LNG ships, respectively. Second, we will make the existing maritime industry more intelligent. The Government will establish smart ports and develop autonomous navigating ships, thereby further strengthening the competitiveness of Korea’s shipping and port industries. It will also protect safety at sea and help the industry advance into the global market by adopting an intelligent maritime transportation information service. We will also encourage private sector investment in the maritime and fishing industries through this year’s newly created maritime fund of funds. We will also actively support smart aquaculture that combines big data and artificial intelligence in order to secure the lead in the global market. The source of the nation’s maritime power is science and technology. Maritime and fishery R&D, which now accounts for 3 percent of the country’s entire R&D spending, will be increased to 5 percent or 1 trillion won by 2022.

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Chungcheongnam-do residents, Chungcheongnam-do is being born again as a center of innovative growth that represents the Republic of Korea both in name and reality. Today, I visited the site where Samsung Display announced its new investment plan. Chungcheongnam-do is working with the private sector on innovation while pushing ahead with its project to establish an innovative display manufacturing process. Chungcheongnam-doâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s innovation efforts will be a great driving force for strengthening the competitiveness of the display industry and achieving self-sufficiency in related materials, parts and equipment. It will also demonstrate its capabilities in new maritime industries. In 2007, the Taean oil spill was unlike anything I had ever seen before, and I will never be able to forget it. At that time, Taean was covered by a black disaster, and it was reported that it would take at least 20 years to return to its prior state. However, the people pooled their strength as 1.23 million volunteers, and Chungcheongnamdo residents revived the sea in the end. When I returned to Taean two years ago, paths created for the oil cleanup had already been transformed into coastal walkways full of the scent of pines, and the sea was filled with life. Chungcheongnam-do created the Miracle of the West Sea that took the world by surprise. I call upon you to once more summon that strength to find hope for our economy within the sea. The Government will also provide vigorous encouragement and support. Thank you.

Economy

October 15, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Future Car Industry National Vision Declaration Ceremony Innovative Growth

Fellow Koreans, We are holding a ceremony here today at Hyundai Motor Group’s Namyang R&D Center together with the main architects of the future automobile industry to declare a future car national vision. Hyundai Motor Group started research and development on eco-friendly cars in 1997 and succeeded in mass-producing hydrogen-powered cars for the first time in the world. Its accumulated sales of one million ecofriendly cars should be credited to the researchers working here. As President, I applaud them. We grew up reading stories about great inventors from the industrial age: James Watt making the first steam engine, the Wright brothers flying the first plane and Thomas Edison harnessing electricity. We read about them, nourished our dreams and envied their achievements at times. However, the phrase “the world’s first” is no longer uncommon in our country. Korea has already become a country of “world firsts” in various fields. Just in the automobile sector alone, the Republic of Korea’s scientists and engineers have become the central players in the creation of the world’s first lithium battery for electric vehicles, the first massproduction of a hydrogen car and the world’s first commercialization of 5G technology.

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We have sprinted without rest to catch up with those countries that began industrialization early on. As a result, Korea has become the seventh largest automobile manufacturer in the world, producing four million cars per year. Obviously, however, there is a limit to the fastfollower model economy. In the age of future cars, we do not have to be a fast follower any longer. That is because we have been able to take our place on an equal starting line. At last, we have the chance to become a pacesetter in technology, not a fast follower. We have to seize this opportunity. We have already proven our world-class technological prowess in electric and hydrogen vehicles. This year, we became the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s largest seller of hydrogen cars. Thereâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s more good news: 1,600 of our hydrogen trucks for export will be shipped to Switzerland. In addition, our electric vehicles have obtained one of the highest electricity efficiency ratings in the world as well. Also unrivaled globally is our development of the technologies essential for running future cars: batteries, semiconductors and IT. Combining these technologies with the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s fastest mobile network will enable us to lead autonomous driving and attain a dominant position in the future car market. The era of Korea setting global standards can never be called a dream.

Economy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Future Car Industry National Vision Declaration Ceremony

Fellow Koreans, In 2030, approximately 30 percent of newly produced automobiles will be hydrogen or electric vehicles while more than 50 percent of the total will be self-driving. The market for Mobility as a Service (MaaS) will swell to US$1.5 trillion. As a response to climate change, some European countries have already announced bans on the sale of cars running on internal combustion engines starting in 2025. Global car manufacturers are also concentrating on the development of eco-friendly automobiles. Environmentally friendly vehicles have now become a must, not an option. Going beyond the ease of use, self-driving vehicles can drastically reduce traffic accidents and help give the vulnerable in terms of transportation the access to safe mobility that is their right. Germany has announced its plans to commercialize fully autonomous cars by 2030, and the United States is operating a pilot city for self-driving. In this manner, countries around the world are speeding up their efforts for automated driving. Fueled by the development of flying cars, the market for future car services is expected to grow by 30 percent every year. Our goal is to become the most competitive country in terms of future vehicles by 2030. To this end, the Government has formulated three policy directions. First, domestic sales of electric and hydrogen vehicles should make up 33 percent of the Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s total new vehicle sales in 2030 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the highest ranking worldwide â&#x20AC;&#x201C; and we will strive to achieve a global market share of 10 percent. We will set goals that require car manufacturers to roll out a certain number of eco-friendly vehicles and expand the domestic market with a focus on the means for logistics and public transportation, including compact cars, buses, taxis and trucks. In addition, as demand increases, we will install 15,000 rapid chargers for electric vehicles by 2025, making them more accessible than gas stations, and a total of 660 hydrogen fueling stations will be built by 2030, which will make it possible to reach a station within 20 minutes from any part of the country.

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Future cars are eco-friendly and reduce fine dust and greenhouse gases, and notably, hydrogen vehicles are “running air purifiers.” If we meet the goal of making future cars account for 33 percent of all new car sales, it would have the effect of reducing greenhouse gases by 36 percent and fine dust by 11 percent. Second, we will strive to become the first country in the world to commercialize self-driving vehicles. While our self-driving policy to date has centered on autonomous driving allowed only on designated portions of roads with drivers present, or Level 3, we’ve raised our goals. We will commercialize fully autonomous vehicles that will run on major roads without driver control, with the target date also advanced three years to 2027 from 2030. To that end, by 2024, along with preparation of the relevant legal and institutional frameworks, we will have fully completed on major roads four key infrastructure projects: wireless communication networks between cars and roads, detailed three-dimensional mapping, an integrated traffic control system and road signs. Befitting the era when cars drive themselves, we will amend such relevant laws and regulations as safety standards and insurance liability to ensure that there won’t be any confusion concerning the responsibility for safety and accidents. In order to secure the driving technology needed to handle complex urban areas, the public sector will play a leading role in expanding related pilot services. We will conduct test runs for self-driving shuttles and robot taxis with a focus on the elderly and areas that are disadvantaged in terms of transport services. In addition, we will expand the development of necessary technologies and demonstrations by focusing on nine public services, including traffic monitoring, emergency response to vehicle failures and autonomous patrols. Self-driving services offer a golden market that will revitalize the economy and create new jobs. Through the regulatory sandbox system and special regulation-free zones, we will further speed up deregulation. Next year, we will select a pilot zone for the operation of selfdriving passenger transport and logistics and will permit a transport business within the pilot zone.

Economy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Future Car Industry National Vision Declaration Ceremony

If autonomous vehicles penetrate the market enough to account for 54 percent of all cars in 2030, the number of deaths from car accidents will decline from around 3,800 to fewer than one thousand annually and time stuck in traffic will fall by 30 percent. Third, we will create an ecosystem of innovation and mutual benefit that will guide the future car industry. Korean companies plan to invest 60 trillion won in the future car industry over the next decade, thereby securing key technologies that can lead the world. The Government will invest 2.2 trillion won to develop and demonstrate future car-related components and materials to support private-sector innovation. The results of our technological development of hydrogen vehicles and autonomous cars will be put forth as international standards so that our technologies can become the global norm. Innovation through the convergence of different industries constitutes the key to competitiveness for future cars. We will nurture professionals in various areas needed for future cars and create an open ecosystem so industries as different as the automobile, semiconductor, IT, artificial intelligence and service â&#x20AC;&#x201C; as well as large companies and SMEs â&#x20AC;&#x201C; can cooperate with each other, thereby allowing us to lead the future car industry with our own competence and technology. Smart cities will become large testing grounds for future cars, and they will provide opportunities for the people to experience future car services and for businesses to test their productsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; performance and safety. In addition, we will build technological demonstration complexes in provincial centers to ensure that SMEs, mid-market companies and startups have ready access. When the future car era begins in earnest, we will also have to address concerns about the large loss of jobs in the conventional automobile as well as components and materials industries. The Government will actively support business transformation in the existing component industry. It will also help create new markets for convergence components, services and software through regulatory reform to ensure an increase in the total number of jobs created.

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I would like to point out that mutually beneficial cooperation among auto-related industries and labor unions with regard to employment is also essential to prepare for the era of future cars. Fellow Koreans, In future cars, we will be the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s first and the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s best. In February last year, I had a test ride in an autonomous hydrogen car during a trial run on the Gyeongbu Express Way. By watching the vehicle adjust its speed by itself, maintain a distance from other cars and change lanes, I could verify the technological standing of our autonomous vehicles. Also, the presidential vehicle that I rode in to this event today is our hydrogen vehicle Nexo. We will lead the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution through future vehicles. We are fully prepared to lead the new technological era, and we also have passion. If the people show their support, we will certainly see the Republic of Korea become the No. 1 future car nation before long. Thank you.

Economy

January 03, 2020

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Eco-friendly Automobile Export Port Innovative Growth

Fellow Koreans, I’m visiting the automobile terminal of Pyeongtaek-Dangjin Port as the first stop on my economic tour in this new Year of the White Rat. Despite the cold weather, many port employees and businesspeople have been working hard from the start of the new year to export automobiles. Pyeongtaek-Dangjin Port opened for international trade in 1986, but it has grown into a shipping hub that boasts the 4th largest cargo traffic in the country and, in particular, the highest automobile throughput. Geographically, Korea’s closest port to the Yantai Industrial Park on China’s East Coast, the port is serving as a key foothold for trade with China and is also one of Korea’s trade ports looking toward ASEAN. We are shipping 4,200 automobiles today, including Niro electric vehicles and Neptune hydrogen trucks, to Europe, the home of leading car manufacturers. The ancient Unified Silla Dynasty embraced the science and technology of the conquered kingdoms of Baekje and Goguryeo to develop what was then the world’s finest knowledge of shipbuilding and navigation. The Dynasty also achieved vibrant maritime trade typified by Jang Bogo. At that time, the name of this city “Dangjin” meant “the dock for ships to Tang”

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– the dynasty then ruling China. Today’s Pyeongtaek-Dangjin Port has inherited that history. Here, we are spearheading a transformation of the global automobile market and nurturing our dream to become an export powerhouse. I am very pleased to give bright and hopeful news to the people this day in the new year 2020. Fellow Koreans, The export of eco-friendly vehicles today is all the more valuable because it marks an achievement made with the world’s best technology. Kia Motors’ Niro EV exhibits superb performance with a driving range of more than 380 km on a full charge as well as an excellent roomy interior to meet the diverse needs of drivers. It won electric car of the year recognition in Europe and the United States in 2019 – in particular, the Car of the Year Award in the United Kingdom. The judges for Europe’s best commercial vehicle award, the International Truck of the Year, bestowed the Truck Innovation Award to Hyundai Motor Company’s Hydrogen Mobility Solution for its truck Neptune at their 2020 awards, and a contract to export 1,600 units has already been concluded. We have succeeded in mass-producing hydrogen-fueled cars for the first time in the world, and one domestic manufacturer’s eco-friendly cars were found to have the world’s best fuel economy. Last year, exports of our electric vehicles more than doubled and those for hydrogen vehicles more than tripled, and the cumulative number of exported eco-friendly vehicles surpassed the 740,000 mark. Yet another fact in which we can take pride is that the strength of mutual benefit gave birth to the world’s best eco-friendly vehicles.

Economy

SMEs and mid-market companies such as INFAC, Woory Industrial and DONG-AH Electric Equipment joined forces to develop core components and improve performance, which led to the birth of the Niro EV. Hyundai Motor Company supplies the hydrogen fuel cell system to SMEs and mid-market businesses that manufacture buses such as Woojin Industrial Systems, Zyle Daewoo Commercial Vehicle and Edison Motors, thereby lending support to the mass-production and widespread use of hydrogen-fueled buses. With Gwangju-type jobs as a starter last year, mutually beneficial local jobs have been generated in Miryang, Daegu, Gumi, Hoengseong and Gunsan. Just as labor, management, civic groups and local governments created jobs that have brought hope through mutual concessions, the Republic of Korea has been able to emerge as an unmatched global ecofriendly vehicle manufacturer on the strength of cooperation between SMEs and large corporations. I applaud and compliment the hard work and passion of all of you who have demonstrated that we can become the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s first and best if we work together.

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With that same mindset, the Government will provide active support to ensure that our ecofriendly car industry becomes unrivaled in the world and that an increasing number of our vehicles crisscross the globe. Last year, the Government made a pledge to emerge by 2030 as the No. 1 country in the world when it comes to the competitiveness of future vehicles. By 2025, we will invest more than 380 billion won in technology development to help develop the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s best eco-friendly vehicles. Domestic companies plan to complete eco-friendly car production lines in all models by 2030. For its part, the Government will create an eco-friendly vehicle ecosystem that will allow us to manufacture unrivaled eco-friendly vehicles based on our own strengths by providing existing auto parts suppliers support for transitioning and helping to establish models of cooperation between large companies and SMEs and mid-market businesses. In addition, the countryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s public transportation vehicles and cargo trucks will be transitioned into eco-friendly models. The proportion of eco-friendly vehicles among newly sold automobiles will be raised to 33 percent by 2030, and the number of EV rapid chargers and hydrogen fueling stations will be increased to ensure that there will not be any inconvenience in using eco-friendly vehicles. The conditions for the global economy and trade this year will be better than they were last year. We were able to catch a glimpse of this possibility last December. The Government will concentrate its efforts to bring export indicators back into positive territory and help further accelerate innovative growth. We will nurture 5G-related industries; the rechargeable battery industry; and the three new industries, including system semiconductors and future cars, in order to increase high-valueadded export items. We will formulate regulatory reform roadmaps for the biohealth and artificial intelligence industries and establish a social compromise mechanism related to new industries.

Economy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Eco-friendly Automobile Export Port

Meanwhile, the Government will work to finalize the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership agreement and sign bilateral free trade deals with nations linked to the New Southern and New Northern policies and in Latin America, thereby expanding new markets through the strength of free trade. We will establish strategies to spread Brand K, a nationally certified trademark for SME products, and quadruple export financing for SMEs in order to help further increase their shipments abroad. Increasing the materials, parts and equipment industriesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; competitiveness can also boost that of our products, industries and trade overall. We will invest 2.1 trillion won in nurturing the materials, parts and equipment industries this year. The Government will designate the top 100 specialized pace-setting businesses and small yet strong companies to help them develop into global companies with specific expertise. Fellow Koreans, We are starting a new decade with the aim of taking a leap forward to become one of the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s four largest export powerhouses by 2030. The spirit of this mutually beneficial leap forward, which has begun with the export of these eco-friendly vehicles, will be a great boost to our economy in the new year 2020. Working together is the path to becoming the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s best, and our people who jointly take on new challenges and support one another constitute the future of the Republic of Korea. Once again, congratulations on starting the export of our eco-friendly vehicles at the very beginning of the new year. We will take a strong leap forward together with the people. I wish you all the best in the new year. Thank you.

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August 02, 2019

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Emergency Cabinet Meeting Materials, Parts and Equipment

Regarding Japan’s Removal of Korea from Its Whitelist of Trading Partners This Cabinet Meeting has been urgently convened to respond to the diplomatic and economic emergency situation. This morning, the Japanese Government decided to remove Korea from its so called whitelist countries. This is a very reckless decision that rebuffs the diplomatic efforts to resolve the problem and further exacerbates the situation. I express profound regret. Ultimately, the Japanese Government dismissed the Korean Government’s proposal to put our heads together to solve the problem diplomatically and our warning not to go down a dead-end path. It did not even accept the United States’ suggestion that both countries set a specific deadline to provide time for negotiations and prevent the current situation from deteriorating further. It’s become obvious that the Japanese Government is responsible for having made the situation worse by ignoring the Korean Government and the international community’s efforts to diplomatically resolve the issue. Accordingly, I unequivocally warn that the Japanese Government will be entirely held accountable for what will unfold going forward.

Economy

No matter what pretexts are given, the Japanese Government’s decision is undeniable trade retaliation against our Supreme Court’s rulings on Korean victims of forced labor during colonial rule. Japan’s action also violates such universal human values as the prohibition of forced labor and support for democracy based on separation of powers, as well as broad principles of international law. The Japanese Government through its action is refuting the free trade order it championed at the G20 Summit. In addition, the action contradicts the Japanese Government’s own stance expressed in the past that individual victims' right to claim damages had never been waived. What we take even more seriously is the fact that these moves by the Japanese Government carry the clear intention to attack and hurt our economy by impeding our future economic growth. It is truly disappointing and regrettable that Japan, which has been regarded as our closest neighbor and friend, has taken such measures. The step taken by Japan today is something that impairs the longstanding economic cooperation and friendly partnership between our two countries, posing a grave challenge to the bilateral relationship. Moreover, it is a selfish, destructive act that will cripple the global supply chain and wreak havoc on the global economy. It is sure to draw condemnation from the international community.

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Japanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s measure will add even more difficulties to our economy under these severe circumstances. However, we will never again lose to Japan. We have come this far today by overcoming countless hardships. Considerable travails are expected, but our businesses and people have the ability to rise above those challenges. Just as we have always done in the past, we will in fact turn adversities into opportunities to leap forward. The Government will provide assistance in every way possible to minimize damage to businesses, including by securing alternative import sources for materials and parts and building stockpiles, adopting original technologies, developing technology for localized production and providing financial support to build new factories and expand existing ones. Taking it a step further, the Government will use this situation as an opportunity to ensure that the country will never again be subjected to technological hegemony by helping raise the competitiveness of our materials and parts industries and also to strengthen Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s position as a manufacturing powerhouse further still. We can achieve these goals sufficiently if the Government and businesses, conglomerates and SMEs, labor and management and all the people join forces. I appeal to the public to have trust in the capabilities of the Government and our businesses, have confidence and come together. On the other hand, although it is something we never hoped for, the Korean Government will resolutely take corresponding measures in response to Japanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s unjustifiable economic retaliatory measures. If Japan-even though it has great economic strength-attempts to harm our economy, the Korean Government also has countermeasures with which to respond. We will never overlook such circumstances where Japan, the instigator of these wrongs, is turning on us. We will step up our responses in a phased manner according to the measures taken by the Japanese Government. As we have already warned, if Japan intentionally strikes at our economy, Japan itself will also have to bear significant damage.

Economy

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Emergency Cabinet Meeting

Even at this moment, the Korean Government does not want a vicious cycle of tit-for-tat. There is only one way to stop this. The Japanese Government must withdraw its unilateral and unwarranted measures as soon as possible and take a path toward dialogue. There are deep wounds between Korea and Japan due to our unfortunate history. However, our two countries have long endeavored to heal the wounds by using stitches, medicine and bandages. Nonetheless, if Japan, the aggressor, reopens the old wounds after so long, an international community aware of the facts will never tolerate it. Japan must squarely face up to this. Let me also speak to my fellow Korean people: This year in particular, we committed ourselves to another 100 years while commemorating the centennial of the March First Independence Movement and the establishment of the Provisional Republic of Korea Government. The old order in which one country can dominate another by using force is merely a relic of the past. The Republic of Korea today is not the Republic of Korea of the past. The peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s capacity for democracy is among the best in the world, and our economy has grown beyond comparison. We have the potential to fully overcome any difficulty. There may be hardships in the immediate future. However, if we succumb to challenges, history will repeat itself. If we take the current challenges as an opportunity instead and turn them into a chance to make a new economic leap, we can fully triumph over Japan. Our economy can surpass Japan's. There is a saying that there are shortcuts in history but no omissions. This is a mountain that we must eventually cross. If we stand still at this time, we will never be able to move beyond the mountain. The Government will lead the way, believing in the great power of the people. We will create the history of prevailing over challenges once more together with the people. We can do it. I urge all government ministries and agencies to work with extraordinary determination to stand beside businesses as they brace for hardships.

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August 07, 2019

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in During Visit to Parts and Materials Production Site Materials, Parts and Equipment

I am glad to meet you all. In 2017, the first year of my Administration, SBB Tech Co. was awarded the Industrial Service Medal for its localized production of core robot components. It is a great pleasure for me to see the fruitful results of your hard work today and offer you my congratulations and compliments. CEO Ryu Jae-wan just presented his very ambitious vision. Shall we give a congratulatory and encouraging round of applause? As you well know, Japan removing Korea from its list of “white countries” prompted us all – regardless of whether we are from the Government, large businesses or the general public – to sense even more acutely the importance of our parts and materials businesses, especially small yet strong companies. SBB Tech turned away from short-sighted gains and sought to promote technological independence even while the market for bearings, especially ball bearings – its main product, was seeing remarkable growth. With a single focus on enhancing the competitiveness of manufacturing, the company has long proceeded with its own R&D program to procure original robot technology. As a result of such endeavors, it succeeded in developing the world’s second precision control decelerator, thereby laying the groundwork for the independent production of robot components. The company has provided a significant boost to strengthening the competitiveness of our manufacturing.

Economy

This emergency has shown a spotlight on the determination and hard work of executives and staff at SBB as a best practice. I am genuinely grateful to you all. As President, let me express my appreciation with a round of applause. Technological expertise can provide for a country. Thus, all countries everywhere and at any time have striven to improve technological capabilities. Switzerland still retains its status as something of a mecca for the precision machinery industry thanks to its apt utilization of technicians who migrated there to avoid religious persecution. The United Kingdom and Germany could be at the forefront of the Industrial Revolution because they proactively attracted engineers from across the whole of Europe. It is known that what Japan most coveted during its invasion of Joseon in the late 16th century were our ceramic artists and potters who possessed advanced skills.

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The driving force behind our economic growth despite the setbacks from colonization and war was none other than technological prowess. When Korea was still a developing country, it didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t stop at merely assembling products for advanced nations but managed to develop homegrown technology and nurture scientists and engineers. By doing so, Korea was able to become the only country among the newly independent states after World War II to rise as an advanced nation. Korea has many small but strong companies, including SBB Tech, that are leading the Fourth Industrial Revolution with ingenious technology and a number of small and mediumsized enterprises that are armed with advanced technology. I was told again today that there were many cases in which local companies developed technology but then struggled due to difficulties finding domestic buyers. However, because Japan has now removed Korea from its whitelist of countries, thereâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s an increasing number of companies that are trying to find domestic replacements for imported supplies. Although this is imposing hardships on companies heavily dependent on Japanese parts and materials, I hope that they will take this as an opportunity to transform our industrial ecosystem in the long term. The Government, for its part, promises to provide support actively. I genuinely admire our people and businesses that have turned challenges into opportunities instead and surged ahead whenever faced by such adversities. Weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve been able to turn crises into opportunities like this thanks to those businesses that have unceasingly taken on challenges while always endeavoring to develop technologies to lead the global market, just like the SBB Tech executives and employees here. The injustice of Japan removing Korea from its whitelist of countries is the kind of matter that we must take issue with. However, apart from that, I believe that our people and businesses will surely turn this into a blessing in disguise this time as well and further strengthen our economy and industries. The Government will also do all it can to come up with short-, mid- and long-term countermeasures.

Economy

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in During Visit to Parts and Materials Production Site

However, what the Government should do is provide support. When our businesses, including big companies, work to support each other by, for example, purchasing and jointly developing domestic parts and materials or adopting original technology, our technological prowess will advance and our companies can grow accordingly. Only when the competitiveness of our manufacturing industry increases further, can our economy continue to grow. The Government will actively provide assistance. Seeing SBB Tech’s award-winning accomplishments, meeting all of you who have made them happen and hearing your stories, I feel truly proud of what you have achieved and gained more confidence that “We can do it, too!” I look forward to today’s meeting becoming a great opportunity to listen to what you have to say firsthand about your experiences and difficulties as well as to discuss the efforts needed from the Government and our business sector. I promise to listen attentively to your opinions and reflect them in policies as much as possible. Please feel free to share your thoughts. Thank you.

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August 20, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for New Carbon Fiber Investment Agreement in Jeollabuk-do Province Materials, Parts and Equipment

I am glad to meet you all. We're here today with officials from relevant companies and research institutes at this signing ceremony for new investments in carbon fiber. In particular, we are also joined by students studying carbon engineering and new materials as well as those attending Meister (technical) high schools. I wish todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ceremony will give hope to our students. Today, Hyosung and Jeollabuk-do province will sign an MOU on new investment in the amount of one trillion won, including for the additional construction of eight carbon fiber production lines. Hyosung made a bold decision to invest with a strong determination to break away from its dependence on foreign suppliers for advanced materials and to achieve self-sufficiency. The local and central governments have also provided active support. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;d like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to Hyosung Chairman Cho Hyun-joon, Jeollabuk-do Governor Song Ha-jin and all the other relevant officials for your efforts.

Economy

It has a significant meaning for a private-sector corporation to boldly make preemptive investments in the sector of carbon fiber, a key advanced material. I can also sense the extraordinary resolve and confidence to turn a crisis into an opportunity for a new takeoff. The investment will contribute to not only localizing production of core materials, but also reinvigorating the local economy and creating job opportunities, having the effect of killing three birds with one stone. I am truly delighted to be able to deliver good news to the people immediately after Liberation Day.

Residents of Jeollabuk-do, Carbon fiber is called a â&#x20AC;&#x153;dream materialâ&#x20AC;? as it is four times lighter than steel yet 10 times as strong. It has boundless potential as it can be used as a substitute for steel in every way. This material is already being used in ways that touch our lives. At last yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s National Para Games held here in Jeollabuk-do, the torch used was made of carbon fiber. The Korean archery team won gold at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro with bows and arrows made of carbon material. Carbon fiber parts produced by domestic manufacturers are used in the fuselages and wings of the newest planes manufactured by Boeing and Airbus.

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Its future possibilities are even greater. Carbon fiber will help bring about a paradigm shift in manufacturing when applied to hydrogen-fueled vehicles, wind power generation and various other industries, including defense. The global carbon fiber and composite materials market, which was valued at approximately 30 trillion won in 2015, is projected to more than double by 2025. However, Korea is a latecomer to the carbon fiber sector. Through trial and error in numerous tests, we’ve been able to develop technologies, but we still lag behind when it comes to competitiveness. Fortunately, Hyosung finally succeeded with localized production in 2011 and started mass producing carbon fiber for the first time in 2013. One of our strengths is that we have world-class businesses related to defense and hydrogen-fueled cars where carbon fiber is in demand. Carbon fiber exports are also growing immensely by more than 20 percent each year. A carbon material national industrial complex will also soon be created near here. Carbon material-related businesses and research institutes will move into the complex, establishing a carbon material cluster. Hyosung’s announcement of its carbon fiber investment plan and the signing of MOUs today between suppliers and buyers are truly significant for our ability to stand self-sufficient in carbon materials. If producers, buyers and the Government join forces and industry, academia and research institutions can generate synergy at the cluster, it will be possible for us to take the lead in the global market in the near future. Today’s investment signing ceremony will be a starting point for us to step up as a powerhouse in terms of advanced materials. I look forward to seeing many more materials and parts businesses invigorate their investments all across the country. Residents of Jeollabuk-do and businesspeople, For the sake of our economy’s sustainable growth, we need new industries to serve as growth engines. The hydrogen economy and carbon fiber industry are the cases.

Economy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for New Carbon Fiber Investment Agreement in Jeollabuk-do Province

As of now, competition in the hydrogen-fueled car sector is fierce, and the core material used is none other than carbon fiber. As demand for future cars fueled by hydrogen rises, we’ll see demand for carbon fiber increase greatly. Hyosung has decided to increase its annual manufacturing capacity by over 10 fold from the current 2,000 tons on a single production line to 24,000 tons on 10 lines. The company has also set the ambitious goal of leapfrogging from the world’s 11th largest manufacturer of carbon fiber currently to the third largest by 2028. In the process, 2,300 jobs are expected to be created as well. Carbon fiber, itself a high-growth industry, can substantially raise the competitiveness of related industries that utilize the material. It will become the key material in future manufacturing, replacing steel. The Government will actively assist Hyosung in its resolute implementation of the bold challenges it has taken on. First, the Government will provide full support for the production of carbon fiber and other core strategic items from the materials industry. Any domestic industrial structure that is dependent on one particular country must be ameliorated. The Government will select the top 100 key strategic items, including carbon fiber, and invest a large amount – more than 7 trillion won to 8 trillion won – over the next seven years. It will also push for exempting preliminary feasibility studies for essential R&D programs when achieving self-sufficiency is urgent. The Government will try to quickly nurture materials and parts fields when swift technological development is possible by providing broad support with regard to financial assistance, tax benefits and deregulation. In fields that require adopting overseas technology, efforts will also be made to help secure key technology through M&As. Most of all, the Government will also actively assist the development of ultra high strength and ultra high modulus carbon fiber to be used in high value-added sectors such as the defense, robot and space industries.

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Second, the Government will improve the domestic carbon fiber industry ecosystem by establishing a cooperation model for carbon fiber buyers and suppliers. If the suppliers of carbon fiber engage in joint development or create other mutually beneficial cooperation models with their buyers, such as automobile and airplane manufacturers, the Government will establish an ecosystem that can improve their competitiveness by providing financial support and tax benefits. The Government will also help increase the competitiveness of the domestic materials industry by assisting with various demonstration projects and the establishment of test beds. Third, the Government will strive to nurture carbon industry specialists. The Government will foster about 9,000 carbon-related researchers and industry professionals by educating employees, undergraduates, graduate and doctoral students over the next 10 years. By doing so, it will make sure that carbon fiber will take root completely across local industry, including small and medium-sized enterprises. Residents of Jeollabuk-do, This is only the beginning. We can demonstrate once more Korea’s potential as a manufacturing powerhouse. As I said in my Liberation Day speech last week, we must reduce our reliance on one particular country for key materials to build “a new nation that cannot be shaken” and become a responsible economic powerhouse. Moreover, we have to further increase the competitiveness of our flagship industries through our strategy for a manufacturing renaissance. We also have to take the lead in the Fourth Industrial Revolution by actively nurturing new future industries such as system semiconductors, biohealth, future automobiles and the hydrogen economy. Carbon fiber is a key, state-of-the-art material that is considered a root of new future industries. Only when this root is firm, these industries will not be shaken. I hope that the new investment in carbon fiber today will not only improve the competitiveness of Korea’s advanced materials industry but also pump-prime new investment in various fields.

Economy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for New Carbon Fiber Investment Agreement in Jeollabuk-do Province

Hyosung and Jeollabuk-do have consistently made joint investments and engaged in technical developments to form a carbon industry cluster. Jeollabuk-do will be able to make a new leap forward by taking this opportunity today. By attracting related industries and expanding investment, we will now be able to bring to fruition the vision and pledge to turn Jeollabuk-do into a carbon industry mecca. I congratulate you once more on behalf of the people on this new investment and plant expansion. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m looking forward to the Republic of Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s economy regaining its vitality here in Jeollabuk-do and continuing to advance in the future. Thank you.

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September 10, 2019

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Cabinet Meeting on Competitiveness of Materials, Parts and Equipment Industries Materials, Parts and Equipment

Let me begin the 39th Cabinet Meeting. Today’s Cabinet Meeting is being held at the Korea Institute of Science and Technology to reflect our extraordinary determination and resolve to create a strong economy that cannot be shaken. It is the second Cabinet Meeting held outside of a government building following the one in February held at the Kim Koo Museum to renew the commitment to our future over the next 100 years. KIST is the cradle of science and technology for the Republic of Korea. When Korea was nothing short of barren in the fields of science and technology, KIST was established under a banner proclaiming science and technology-based nation building and technological independence. Since then, the Institute has made all-out efforts for the self-reliant development of technology and localization. The blue prints for our core industries that spearheaded the Miracle on the Hangang River – steelmaking, shipbuilding, semiconductors and automobiles – were laid out here.

Economy

The Institute has now become a pacesetter in developing original technology to lead the world, having evolved from a follower catching up with advanced countriesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; technology. The Robotics and Media Institute that works on futuristic robots and the Post-silicon Semiconductor Institute that I just visited a short while ago exemplify these endeavors. I urge you all to take to heart the meaning of holding this Cabinet Meeting here at this center for science and technology that is fueling construction of an economic powerhouse. Enhancing the competitiveness of the materials, parts and equipment industries is the nationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s strategic mission in order to become an economic powerhouse. It is the work of forging the framework for the Korean economyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s next 100 years, taking it beyond the influence of Korea-Japan relations. Strengthening the competitiveness of the materials, parts and equipment industries is the path toward innovation in manufacturing and our resurgence as a manufacturing powerhouse. It is the essential element of competitiveness in manufacturing.

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Improving the fundamental competitiveness of the materials, parts and equipment industries, in particular, requires the speedy self-reliant development of core technology. Manufacturers in these industries account for half of all of our production and employment in manufacturing. They are mostly SMEs and mid-market companies. Fostering the materials, parts and equipment industries is the same as fostering SMEs and mid-market businesses and creating an industrial ecosystem where SMEs and large companies can work together. It is the way to lay the foundation for sustainable growth by addressing our economyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s long-accumulated structural problems. Bolstering the competitiveness of our materials, parts and equipment industries also constitutes a strategy to proactively respond to changes in the global economy and trade environment. It must be pursued to prepare for the growing protectionism, spreading uncertainty and even changing structure of the international division of labor. Over the past two months, strengthening the competitiveness of our materials, parts and equipment industries, as a national strategic mission both in name and substance, has gained momentum for implementation. A consensus has been formed at the national level upon an outpouring of encouragement and support from citizens to large businesses and SMEs as well as universities and research institutions. This unprecedented phenomenon has become a great boost. Building upon this, the Government is pushing ahead with localizing technology, securing stable supplies and strengthening industrial competitiveness at the same time by mobilizing all resources available. Concrete changes have already started. We have embarked on technological development for 25 key items for which Korea is highly reliant on a specific country in a bid to replace them with local products. The localization of materials used in semiconductor production is about to be realized. Those large companies and SMEs that succeeded in locally manufacturing parts pooled their strengths to establish mutually beneficial smart factories. We can look upon this as the start of a virtuous cycle of public understanding, government policies and changes in industrial fields. The Government intends to accelerate positive changes through special countermeasures and approaches that differ from those of the past.

Economy

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Cabinet Meeting on Competitiveness of Materials, Parts and Equipment Industries

First, as we have stressed many times, government investment will be boldly increased. Technological competitiveness in materials, parts and equipment must be accompanied by long-term investment and R&D. In next year’s budget, the funds to increase self-reliance in materials, parts and equipment will more than double compared to that of this year, and 5 trillion won will be intensively invested in that regard over the next three years. That amount nearly equals the 5.4 trillion won injected over the past 19 years since passage of the Act on Special Measures for the Promotion of Specialized Enterprises, etc., for Materials and Components. To speed up technological development for core items, preliminary feasibility study exemptions for R&D projects worth 2 trillion won have been confirmed. Second, a special focus will be placed on establishing cooperative relations among businesses and linking R&D and production. Due to the materials, parts and equipment industries’ characteristics, close collaboration between buyers and suppliers in the entire process from product planning and development to stable sales is important. To promote cooperation among businesses, the Government will provide a package of tax, financing, location assistance and special exemptions from regulations. Demonstration and mass production test beds that pair supplier’s technological developments with buyer’s applications will be expanded. Startups and hidden champions that have high growth potentials will be assisted so that they can be nurtured as global enterprises specialized in materials, parts and equipment. Third, we will facilitate and support changes in industrial fields through strong implementation systems. The materials, parts and equipment competitiveness committee that we’re going to approve at the Cabinet Meeting today will become a control tower and focus on promoting the establishment of cooperative models among businesses and improving related laws. The existing sunset law that covers materials and parts only will be expanded to cover equipment, and it will be completely overhauled into a permanent law in order to strengthen the legal foundation further.

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I returned from a tour to Thailand, Myanmar and Laos last week. With this, I’ve wrapped up my plan to visit all 10 ASEAN member states earlier than expected. Korea and Thailand agreed to step up cooperation in national defense and the defense industry on the basis of the friendship between our two countries, which fought together in the Korean War. In addition, it was agreed that bilateral cooperation will be further expanded into cutting-edge industries by linking Korea’s innovative growth strategy and Thailand’s strategy for industrial sophistication. Korea and Myanmar, with its high growth potential, laid a foundation for sustainable and stable economic cooperation. The Korea-Myanmar Industrial Complex will be the starting point to that end. I made a state visit to Laos, the first by a Korean president. There, it was agreed that our two countries will increase cooperation on water resources and promote collaboration in the fields of agriculture and public health. The Republic of Korea-Mekong Vision unveiled in Laos will serve as a milestone in taking ties with the Mekong nations to a new level. Completing the plan to visit all 10 ASEAN nations is all the more meaningful as this year marks the 30th anniversary of the establishment of Korea-ASEAN relations. Enhanced cooperation with ASEAN member states is a must – not an option – to bring peace to the Korean Peninsula and achieve sustainable prosperity. Now ASEAN and Korea have become inseparable friends that share each other’s experiences and possibilities for the sake of a shared future. Cooperation with ASEAN will revitalize the Republic of Korea’s economy. We will also upgrade collaboration in all areas, including foreign affairs and national security. With the completion of the tour to all 10 ASEAN member states, the hope for a future where Korea and ASEAN prosper together has grown further. I have witnessed ASEAN’s dynamism and growth potential and reaffirmed its active support for our New Southern Policy. Together, we envisioned the future of Korea and ASEAN: a people-centered community of peace and prosperity.

Economy

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Cabinet Meeting on Competitiveness of Materials, Parts and Equipment Industries

The ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit and the inaugural Mekong-Korea Summit to be held in Busan in November will serve as important opportunities to add substance to our determination to cooperate and usher in a future of mutual prosperity. Thereâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s not much time left. These will be the biggest multilateral summits to be held in Korea since my Administration was launched. I ask the host city of Busan and all the ministries and agencies to work together to their utmost so that the events can be held successfully amid public interest and support.

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Selected Speeches â&#x2026;¢

Social Policy

June 05, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 24th Environment Day Ceremony

Fel low Kore ans, cit izens of C hang won City and residents of Gyeongsangnam-do Province, I am glad to meet you all. Today marks World Environment Day when all people around the world come together to show concern for the earth and revisit the preciousness of life. Since 2006 when it declared itself an environmental capital, Changwon has steadily translated eco-friendly policies into action, including the early scrapping of old diesel-powered vehicles and the wide promotion of eco-friendly cars. In 2016, it was recognized as the best city for waste treatment and an exemplary city for forest cultivation. In 2017, it was honored with the grand prize at the Korea Energy Efficiency Awards and second prize from the Ministry of Environment for the restoration of ecologically friendly waterways. It is very meaningful, and I am very proud, that Korea’s World Environment Day ceremony is being held in Changwon with citizens who’ve helped turn the city into an environmental capital both in name and fact. Changwon has now transitioned from Korea’s leading manufacturing city to a futuristic city where industries and the environment coexist. I am grateful to Changwon citizens and Gyeongsangnam-do residents for their efforts. I applaud them and send encouragement.

Social Policy

Koreans’ civic awareness regarding a clean environment remains among the highest in the world. According to a report by the World Economic Forum, Korea has taken the lead globally, recycling 95 percent of its food waste. Koreans’ efforts to save electricity and water as well as to carry out waste separation and collection and to not use disposable supplies are at considerably high levels. Such endeavors seem to be meager, but they are actually crucial practices. Just as small actions in everyday life have contaminated the earth, small daily practices can revive our planet. Now the work needed to realize environmental policies that live up to the public’s actions and expectations are entrusted to the Government as its responsibility. It will do what it can to improve the quality of life to levels commensurate with the people’s civic consciousness and their environmental awareness.

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Fellow Koreans, “Air pollution” is the theme for this year’s World Environment Day. Fine dust is posing threats to public health and our everyday lives. Children and the elderly are unable to go outside as much as they want for fear of developing various ailments. Industries that require long hours of work outdoors and dust-free production processes have to be concerned about possible detriments to workers’ health and corporate productivity. The people have the right to breathe clean air. Over the past two years, the Government has put more investment and effort into resolving the fine dust problem than it has for issues from other sectors. It has brought the environmental standards for fine dust up to par with those of advanced countries. It has also included fine dust issues as social disasters and established a system for relevant ministries, agencies and local governments to check and forecast fine dust levels on a daily basis. When high concentrations of fine dust occur, the Government is responding in earnest by taking emergency reduction measures, such as driving restrictions and administrative actions against facilities and construction sites that emit fine dust. More than anything else, the Government will shift the focus of its policy paradigm from dealing with the aftermath of pollution to regularly preventing and managing the situation. In doing so, the Government expects to reduce fine dust emissions by more than 30 percent by 2022, compared to 2016. Outdated coal-fired power plants are the main cause of fine dust. With the goal of phasing out dependence on coal-fired power generation, my Administration has completely suspended construction of new coal-fired power plants whereas the two previous administrations permitted the construction of a total of 22 units. On top of this, the plan to construct six coal-fired power plants by the former administration was modified by my Administration to build liquefied natural gas power plants instead.

Social Policy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 24th Environment Day Ceremony

My Administration has already shut down four of the ten coal-fired power plants designated as outdated, and the remaining six are scheduled to be closed by 2021. Given that fine dust problems are especially severe in the springtime, the Government began halting the operation of outdated coal-fired power plants during the spring of 2017, and operations at 52 out of Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s 60 coal-fired power plants were suspended this spring. As a consequence, the total amount of fine dust emitted by coal-fired power plants up to last year was decreased by more than 25 percent compared to 2016 when such a policy was not implemented. Fine dust in metropolitan areas mainly originates from means of transport, including diesel vehicles. A policy is now being promptly implemented to reduce the number of diesel cars on the road and replace them with eco-friendly ones. Notably, the public sector was swift to replace diesel passenger vehicles starting in 2017, and continued efforts will be made to remove all diesel vehicles used by the public sector by 2030 at the latest. The Government will provide support to help the public to use eco-friendly vehicles with ease. By 2021, it will scrap about one million aged diesel vehicles and swiftly replace them with environmentally friendly vehicles. The Government is also providing increased assistance to replace aged mid- to large-sized cargo trucks with new ones and convert small utility vans and trucks into LPG-powered ones. Compared to 2016, the number of eco-friendly cars on the road has increased over six times to reach some 67,000 since the launch of my Administration. We will expand the recharging/fueling infrastructure with a view to ensuring that the number of electric and hydrogen-powered vehicles rises to 430,000 and 67,000, respectively, by 2022. In particular, hydrogen-powered buses are well known not only for zero emissions of fine dust but for their air purification effects. One bus traveling one kilometer has the effect of purifying 4.86 kg of air, and for a year, it can purify 420,000 kg, the amount that 76 adults inhale in one year. The Government will see to it that the number of hydrogen-powered city buses rises to 2,000 by 2022 and that 802 police buses are gradually replaced with hydrogen-powered ones.

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Here in Changwon and six other cities this year, a pilot program to promote hydrogen buses will be implemented. In particular, those that begin operating here today will run on alreadyestablished bus routes for the first time in the country. The hydrogen fueling station that is also opening today is the nation's first urban station, and it can be dubbed a Korean package-type hydrogen station as 60 percent of its total parts were manufactured domestically. The Government will increase the number of hydrogen fueling stations to 310 nationwide by 2022. One of Changwon's strategies is to establish itself as an eco-friendly city specializing in the hydrogen industry. The hydrogen buses and hydrogen fueling stations that commence operation today are the first fruit born from the city of Changwon and its citizens’ efforts to create a hydrogen industry ecosystem. This is a truly crucial initiative not only for the city of Changwon but for us all. The whole nation is paying keen attention to this new challenge that Changwon is taking on. I truly hope that the day will come – at the earliest date possible – when Changwon residents tout their use of eco-friendly vehicles and the resulting improved air quality. Fellow Koreans, In addition to the policies to phase out coal-fired power plants and increase the use of ecofriendly vehicles, the Government is preparing support measures to regulate emissions from areas that have lacked proper supervision to date: home boilers, small workplaces and ships. At the same time, it is has adopted strict standards to strengthen supervision and is applying the internet of things, drones and other new technologies to scientifically measure and monitor illegal fine dust emissions. The Government laid the foundation to resolve fine dust problems by enacting the special act on fine dust. It also established the Special Commission on Fine Dust Pollution under the Prime Minister’s Secretariat and the National Council on Climate and Air Quality, which is led by Chairman Ban Ki-moon, former U.N. Secretary General. The Government is also seeking various forms of cooperation and joint responses with neighboring countries.

Social Policy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 24th Environment Day Ceremony

Above all, the recently submitted supplementary budget proposal contains fine dust-related funding designed to speed up implementation of corresponding policies. In all, 1.45 trillion won has been set aside for 61 projects to be pursued by the Ministry of Environment and other ministries and agencies. Some 780 billion won have been assigned for reducing the primary emission sources by, among others, the early scrapping of outdated diesel powered vehicles, the provision of lowNOx burners for gas-powered air conditioners and the introduction of new road sweepers. Another 360 billion won has been earmarked to nurture new environmental industries to fundamentally reduce fine dust. These measures include increasing the supply of electric vehicles, offering financing to new renewable energy businesses, introducing low-floor buses and constructing eco-friendly ships for the public sector. Important budget items allotted to protect the health of the people are also included. Some 220 billion won has been allocated to supply masks to those who work outside for an extended time, children, the elderly and low-income households and install air purifiers. By taking this opportunity, I earnestly request cooperation from the National Assembly once more. Fellow Koreans, Changwon citizens and Gyeongsangnam-do residents, The efforts to revive the environment is a challenge and an opportunity at the same time. The worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s environmental sector is growing by an annual average of 3.6 percent, and it is forecast to be worth US$1.33 trillion next year. Major advanced countries are concentrating their national capacity on developing environment-related technology, building upon such core technologies of the Fourth Industrial Revolution as the internet of things, artificial intelligence, ICT, robots and drones. The Government will increase investment in environmental technology-related research and development. It will also provide strategic support for global expansion to businesses with a competitive edge in the technology related to reducing fine dust that is used in such products as hydrogen-powered and other eco-friendly vehicles.

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We have world-class technologies, especially in regard to the hydrogen industry, as we have already commercialized hydrogen fuel-cell cars for the first time in the world. The Government has set a goal of gaining the world’s biggest market share for both hydrogenpowered vehicles and fuel cells by 2030. It will be a very good opportunity for Changwon, a city that aims to become an eco-friendly city specializing in the hydrogen industry. There was good news from Bangkok a few days ago regarding fine dust. At the 75th Session of the UN ESCAP, the Korea-led resolution “Strengthening Regional Cooperation to Tackle Air Pollution Challenges in Asia and the Pacific” was adopted with the full support of member states. It is very fortunate that awareness is spreading: The fine dust issue must be resolved through the joint efforts of the international community. Environmental issues, including fine dust, cannot be resolved through a single prescription. It is also difficult to solve such issues in a satisfactory manner over a short period of time. However, the Government is moving step by step along a path toward the solution while working together with the people. Our action today will determine our children’s future. I hope that everyone will stand together to ensure that steps made today will help bring a blue sky and clean air to our children. Thank you.

Social Policy

July 02, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in Presenting Achievements of National Health Insurance Coverage Expansion Policy upon Its Second Anniversary

Fellow Koreans, On this meaningful day marking the 30th anniversary of the adoption of a universal national health insurance system, I am pleased to present achievements from the implementation of the policy to expand national health insurance coverage on its second anniversary. There was a time when people took out newspaper ads to look for their lost national health insurance cards. The average low-income citizen, who was not a civil servant, school teacher or employed by a large company, could not sign up for national health insurance. As their health care costs were three times higher than those covered by the health insurance, they sometimes had to borrow someone elseâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s health insurance card illegally to see a doctor. Adoption of the universal national health insurance system made it possible for everyone to hold a health insurance card and receive basic medical treatment. All of this happened just some 30 years ago. National health insurance, along with economic development and democratization, is yet another legacy of success our people achieved together.

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In 1963 when the Medical Insurance Act came into effect, Korea’s annual per capita income was no more than US$104. Employer-based national health insurance was first introduced in 1977 when the country’s per capita income surpassed US$1,000 for the first time. Universal national health insurance was initiated in 1989 when Korea’s per capita income first exceeded US$5,000. In 1999, following the foreign exchange crisis and IMF bailout, medical insurance – which had been split between the employer- and region-based subscribers – was unified into national health insurance. Among the OECD member states, there are still only 18 countries, including Korea, that have universal national insurance programs in place. Korea successfully adopting universal national health insurance 12 years after starting a national health insurance system was an unprecedented achievement, completed in record-breaking time. Before the national health insurance scheme was introduced, approximately 40 percent of ill patients were not able to visit clinics or had to suspend treatments for lack of money, but now everyone can afford to go to a hospital. With the patient’s share of medical expenses decreasing and a greater number of people getting easier access to medical services, the Korean people are enjoying health that is comparable to that of those living in advanced countries. In terms of such key indicators as life expectancy, infant mortality and cancer survival rates, Korea ranks near the top among the OECD member states.

Social Policy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in Presenting Achievements of National Health Insurance Coverage Expansion Policy upon Its Second Anniversary

Medical technologies and insurance review and assessment know-how have been able to grow at the same time. Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s medical technologies are highly rated around the world, and many countries are looking to Korea for cooperation in the health care sector. An increasing number of countries are learning and importing Korean-style hospital and health insurance systems. Over the past 30 years, national health insurance has steadily grown in the spirit of mutual aid by which burdens are shared in accordance with individual abilities. Dedicated medical professionals and businesses have made it possible for the country to be equipped with a world-class health insurance system and medical services. I want to take this opportunity to extend my heartfelt respect and gratitude. Fellow Koreans, We are now facing new challenges. With the average life expectancy extending, new types of diseases and chronic illnesses have increased. As new medical technologies are developed, costly treatments not covered by health insurance are also on the rise. Public expectations of medical standards are steadily rising. At the time of the launch of my Administration, the nationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s health insurance coverage rate had remained just above 60 percent, far below the OECD average of 80 percent. Although we live in the era of universal health insurance, patients with serious or rare diseases and their families still face huge burdens because out-of-pocket expenses are high. Therefore, the livelihoods and lives of those patients as well as their relatives often collapse. Moon Jae-in Care, aimed at enhancing health insurance coverage, was launched to guarantee the entire population lifelong health, building on the achievements and limitations within the 30-year-old health insurance system. We look to move beyond a health insurance system that aims to help people keep a minimum level of health in order to achieve one that guarantees maximum protection of health. The overriding goal is to ensure that national health insurance by itself is sufficient to keep each and every citizen healthy and safeguard the future of all families.

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“Guaranteeing lifelong health for the entire population” is a policy preparing healthier lives for our children and brighter futures for us all as we face longer post-retirement periods. On top of this, this new policy is based on the confidence that the nation’s strength and finances have grown sufficiently large. In other words, although we can’t raise our health insurance coverage rate to match the OECD’s average of 80 percent right now, we must and can increase it to reach at least 70 percent. My fellow Koreans, In line with the promise made two years ago, my Administration, together with the people, has striven to build a country free from the burden of medical expenses where any disease can be treated without anxieties. As a result, given the data currently available from general hospitals and other higher medical institutions, the health insurance coverage rate sharply soared from 62.6 percent in 2016 to 67.2 percent in 2018. The goal of Moon jae-in Care is to raise the rate to 70 percent before the end of my term. In particular, Moon jae-in Care is very helpful for patients who have to shoulder high medical expenses. Those with serious ailments now pay less than a quarter of what they did before the introduction of the policy. Out-of-pocket payments for care from a doctor requested by the patient were abolished, and insurance coverage was expanded to include stays in upper-grade hospital rooms up to double-occupancy. We are also gradually expanding coverage for essential examinations such as MRIs and ultrasounds as well as for indispensable treatments for emergency patients and those with serious diseases. Couples trying desperately to have children as well as pregnant mothers at high risk are now eligible for assistance. Benefits have also increased for the elderly and children, who are easily susceptible to diseases.

Social Policy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in Presenting Achievements of National Health Insurance Coverage Expansion Policy upon Its Second Anniversary

Health insurance has started to cover such dental procedures as filling childrenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s cavities and making dentures for seniors. Children who need hospitalization and severe dementia patients can receive treatment at costs now half of the previous expenses. Health insurance coverage was also expanded for traditional Korean medicine treatments. Medical costs should not bring a household to financial ruin. The burden on low-income families has been further reduced. Low-income households can now secure medical treatment anytime throughout the year and their total annual out-of-pocket expenses will never exceed 1 million won. Households with an income level in the lower 50 percent can receive as much as 30 million won in medical care assistance. As a result of these efforts, the peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s medical expenditures were reduced by a total of 2.2 trillion won in the period between January 2018 and April of this year. However, we will not be content with the achievements here. Burdens from medical examinations and treatments still not covered by health insurance will be reduced going forward. Health insurance coverage will be expanded for all necessary medical treatments to ensure that health insurance can fully support health and happiness for everyone. Health insurance will immediately begin covering ultrasound scans of the prostate beginning in September, MRI scans of the abdomen and chest in October and ultrasound scans for the uterus and ovaries in December. Health insurance coverage will also be expanded for diseases related to the spine, joints and eyes as well as materials needed for surgeries and treatments to ensure that individuals do not have to forego essential treatments or examinations because they are not covered. In addition to enhanced coverage, we will make efforts to provide safer and higher-quality medical services. For essential medical services directly related to the lives of the people such as emergency care, intensive care and trauma centers, we will strive to secure a sufficient number of medical professionals and high-quality healthcare nationwide by improving the fee-forservice system set by the national health insurance and strengthening other related supports.

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We will help children grow up healthy by actively fostering children’s hospitals in different regions. The Government’s pledge is firm. If the Government carries out the pledge as planned by 2022, the health of each and every person will be guaranteed, the burden of medical expenses will be minimized, and the sustainability of health insurance will be secured at the same time. Fellow Koreans, The world is taking note of the Republic of Korea. This can be credited to the strength of the people who advanced democracy and social welfare along with economic development. This is not something that came our way like a miracle one day; rather it has been achieved by the people together who lived diligently day by day, year by year, dreaming of a better tomorrow. Thus, it is even more magnificent, and I am always proud of it. Moon Jae-in Care, the measures to strengthen health insurance coverage, will advance further in step with the lives of each and every citizen. To bring about the era of the entire population having guaranteed health coverage for life, I’m looking forward to the people supporting this policy to protect everyone’s health and nurture hope by pooling everyone’s strength. Moon Jae-in Care can succeed without fail. Thank you.

Social Policy

October 05, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in on 13th World Korean Day

Fellow Koreans from abroad, Congratulations on the 13th World Korean Day, the festival for the 7.5 million Koreans overseas. The significance of World Korean Day is all the more salient as this year marks the 100th anniversary of the March First Independence Movement and the founding of the Provisional Republic of Korea Government. I am grateful to our compatriots for commemorating this day with dances, songs, paintings and marches in many different parts of the world. I welcome some 400 leaders of Korean communities in 77 countries, who are visiting Korea on behalf of their respective regions. I also express my gratitude for the fact that the World Korean Community Leaders Convention being held at the same time adds even greater significance to the World Korean Day. The lives of our overseas Koreans tell the history of the Republic of Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s independence movement and also that of modern Korea steeped in a combination of tears and glory.

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The February 8 independence declaration announced in 1919 by Korean students who were studying in Japan served as a catalyst for the March First Independence Movement. Funds for the independence movement donated along with the blood and sweat of Korean laborers working on sugarcane fields in Hawaii and rubber plantations in Malaysia as well as money collected through pitch-in campaigns by Koreans working on henequen farms in faraway Cuba provided an enormous boost for the Provisional Government. Even after Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s liberation, our compatriots overseas have continued to invest in their homelandâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s economic development and sent donations at every critical juncture, including the Olympic Games and foreign exchange crisis. Believing that genuine acts of patriotism and struggles for independence are tied to everyone prospering together, they have shared their experiences as immigrants and helped each other.

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Remarks by President Moon Jae-in on 13th World Korean Day

They have assisted their homelandâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s growth while working with diligence, sincerity and integrity at restaurants, farms, factories, coal mines, hospitals and laundries in far away foreign lands. Their contributions have made it possible for Korea to emerge as an economic powerhouse with US$30,000 in per capita income. The patriotism of the first generation of Korean emigrants, who reached out to the world with their bare hands, and their descendantsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; brilliant achievements in various fields have enabled Korea to become a cultural powerhouse that inspires the entire world through Hallyu and diverse cultural contents. We have bestowed orders and medals of merit and citations on those who have contributed to promoting the education and unity of our future generations helping the Korean diaspora to never forget their national identity. We have also bestowed them on those who have played a leading role in improving the Korean communityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s economy and protecting the rights and interests of its members. I believe that all of you here deserve these awards. I would like to express my special congratulations and respect to the six honorees. Proud Koreans from abroad, It is a great pleasure for me to meet compatriots every time I visit other countries. Official overseas trips are always tense and demanding, but I receive great encouragement from emigrants who have already established themselves in a foreign country, still love their homeland and show support for me. I am so proud of them all, and I would like to take this opportunity to express my appreciation once again. Two years ago, I promised here that I would protect the safety, rights and interests of our diaspora. I also pledged that I would strive to help define Korean identity for our posterity and to promote the common development of the Korean community and the Republic of Korea. Last year, a Crisis Management Division was launched to provide real-time safety information around the clock 365 days. We have sent emergency response teams to the sites of such natural disasters as typhoons, tsunamis and earthquakes, and swiftly and safely rescued our people affected by marine accidents, hostage-taking and terrorism. The time required to repatriate our people during a crisis has been reduced to 30 hours compared to the past when one week was the norm.

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In 2018, for the first time ever, we recruited consuls responsible for incidents and accidents exclusively and dispatched them to 32 diplomatic missions in 28 countries. As of September this year, a total of 117 such consuls are working at 84 diplomatic missions, and the number will continue to increase going forward. Legal and institutional systems have also been established. An act to provide consular assistance to protect Korean nationals residing abroad has been enacted to clarify its related scope, mission and legal grounds. In July, an ordinance pertaining to overseas Koreans was amended to allow more of them legal residence in Korea regardless of how many generations back their ancestors had emigrated. In addition, consular services are being improved to streamline relevant procedures through the Government for Overseas Koreans project. When the next generation to take up future leadership roles possesses self-esteem as Koreans, the overseas Korean communities will be able to grow further and continue to develop. The number of overseas Korean students invited to Korea and related budget allocations are growing every year. Support for Korean language schools and training for teachers at those schools have been increased. For the joint development of overseas Korean communities and the Republic of Korea, I listened carefully to candid suggestions at meetings with community members. All achievements that originated from suggestions made by overseas Koreans include the opening of the Museum of Korean American Heritage in New York, the planned establishment of the Da Nang Korean Consulate General in Vietnam, the publication of “100 ans d'histoire des Coréens en France” (100 Years of Korean History in France), the relocation of the Korean International School of Bangkok in Thailand, and the extended stays for those in India on employment visas. Fellow Koreans from abroad, The Republic of Korea’s accomplishments over the past century reflect the patriotism and dedication of overseas Koreans. The 7.5 million Koreans abroad will also have a very important role in the Republic of Korea’s next century going forward.

Social Policy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in on 13th World Korean Day

As Taegeukgi flags being waved in every corner of the country 100 years ago helped us come together as one, I ask you overseas Koreans to unite once more for the Korean Peninsulaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s peace and prosperity. In the same way that the heartfelt efforts of overseas Koreans helped turn the PyeongChang Olympic Winter Games into a successful peace Olympics, I am also looking forward to your support in hosting the proposed 2032 Seoul-Pyeongyang joint Olympics. The way to truly repay overseas Koreans for their endeavors over the past century is to build a proud Republic of Korea. We will work to build a nation that cannot be shaken, a country where everyone prospers together and a homeland that can bolster us in our daily lives. We will build a properly functioning country that overseas Koreans can trust and rely on. I feel reassured about the Republic of Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s next century because of you overseas Koreans. Thank you.

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October 25, 2019

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Ministerial Meeting on Education Reform

Upholding the value of fairness in education is the people’s desperate demand. The Government must take it to heart. Our education system faces a crisis of trust. There is a growing sense of loss among the public with education now seen as having been reduced to a means for parents to hand down their socio-economic status and privilege to their children. It is impossible to talk about forward-looking educational innovation while sidestepping the harsh and grave assessment of the people who say that Korea’s educational system is unfair. The most important task in education reform at this juncture is to restore public trust through a fair education system. We should begin by establishing impartiality in the college admission system since it draws the most public attention. It is truly a difficult issue, indeed. There are intertwined interests, conflicting values and a disconnect between ideals and reality. Previous administrations made extensive efforts to enhance the fairness of college admissions. They followed the opinions of many specialists in education and adopted diverse student recruitment mechanisms that reflect applicants’ different talents and aptitudes, a departure from test-score-oriented evaluations.

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However, the early admission process which currently focuses primarily on the comprehensive screening of school records, comprised of both academic performance and non-academic extracurricular activities, has failed to gain public trust in terms of fairness. Despite its purported aim of having students recruited on the basis of comprehensive considerations of individual gifts and personal inclinations, rather than cookie-cutter evaluations of only academic records, the hard truth is that questions have continued to be raised about its fairness and public distrust is growing. Under the current system, such external factors as parentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; background, abilities and high school alma maters, rather than the student applicantsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; capabilities and endeavors, decisively determine college admission results. Worse yet, its procedures are so opaque that it is even referred to as a completely dark process. The lack of fairness hidden within the system has led to a vicious cycle of inequality in which privileges are passed down generation after generation, making it hard for everyone to trust the outcomes. The will of the people that privilege and injustice should not be tolerated any longer, even if they are not unlawful, must be respected.

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Consequently, for the sake of fairness in the college entrance evaluation process, we should prioritize drastically improving the system with regard to the comprehensive screening of students’ academic and non-academic records, including extra-curricular activities. Along with these efforts to improve fairness and transparency related to school records - the key materials in the screening process - we also need a way to ensure that universities operate the system transparently. I urge you to formulate a persuasive plan for improving the system and present it to the public before the end of this November by thoroughly carrying out the on-going fact-finding investigation and meticulously analyzing the findings. I also urge all of you to maintain a steady perspective when pursuing the following two tasks: One is to streamline the admission system to make it easily understood by everyone in line with the commonly held opinion that simple things are the fairest, and the other is to provide the socially vulnerable more opportunities for college education. The practice of ranking high schools by their placement records is one of the reasons that the early admission system is seen as unfair and just one more example of privilege in academia. The de facto list of schools with autonomous private, foreign language and “global” high schools ranked above all others has engendered distrust of the early admission system’s fairness. This has also caused educational inequality by increasing exorbitant competition, private accelerated learning and the burden of hefty education expenses. In addition, college entrance-centered education has put general high schools at a disadvantage. We cannot afford to delay the resolution of this problem any longer. Though this matter also involves sharply diverging interests, it must be addressed without fail. In order to rectify the phenomenon of ranking high schools by their placement records and make general high schools emerge as the center of high school education, multi-faceted policy efforts must be underpinned. We will have to provide education that enhances academic excellence in line with students' aptitude and learning abilities and also provide customized education that takes future career paths into consideration.

Social Policy

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Ministerial Meeting on Education Reform

Public education should be drastically strengthened to keep private education expenses from rising. I hope the Government will prioritize public education and push for drastically enhanced educational competence at general high schools, for instance, by hiring more highly skilled teachers and establishing forward-looking schools. It is not desirable to expand the proportion of students accepted through early admissions under the current situation where there is tremendous distrust of the comprehensive screening of studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; academic and non-academic records. It can only be possible once the school records are seen as unbiased and transparent and the universitiesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; screening process is trusted. We know that regular admissions based solely on College Scholastic Ability Test scores will not solve all the problems, but for now, we still have to listen to the voices of students facing college admission and parents who are saying regular admissions are relatively fairer than early admissions. After all, the key issue is that highly competitive, leading universities in Seoul that have a lot of influence regarding college admissions are recruiting an excessively high number of students through the comprehensive screening of their academic and non-academic records, given that this process lacks credibility. Their intentions may have been to find good students, but regardless, the process has resulted in damaging confidence in the college admission process. Self-examination is needed in that regard. To solve this problem, the Government has recommended that these universities maintain a certain minimum level of regular admissions, but this is not enough from the peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s point of view. I hope that major universities in Seoul will play a central role in coming up with ways as soon as possible to resolve the excessive imbalance between early and regular admissions until early admissions come to be seen as trustworthy.

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We also need to pay special attention to the paths taken by high school graduates who do not enter college. The Government has already put in place plans to promote their employment and ways to complement the field training of vocational high school students. We’ve also allocated increased funds for vocational training in next year’s budget, but these measures are still far from sufficient from the students’ perspectives. I ask you to incentivize promising companies to get them to provide field training and jobs for high school graduates. I also call upon you to – as soon as possible – devise and support programs that will drastically expand opportunities for vocational high school graduates to find jobs first and later, if desired, attend college. To protect students’ safety, rights and interests, I ask for close pan-government cooperation to make visible changes not only from the Ministry of Education but also the ministries of Economy and Finance; Employment and Labor; Industry, Trade and Energy; and SMEs and Startups. In conclusion, I feel that this is a very important matter. Fairness in education can only be truly achieved when it leads to impartiality in the hiring process. I also ask you to collectively pursue pan-government efforts to find ways to secure fairness in employment going forward.

Social Policy

November 11, 2019

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting with His Senior Secretaries

The midp oint of my term has passed since the launch of my Administration. I am deeply grateful to the people for their unwavering support. During the remaining second half of my term, I will stay even closer to the people with more humility. Listening attentively to what they have to say â&#x20AC;&#x201C; both encouragement and reprimands, I will work on state affairs with a heavy sense of responsibility. The last two and a half years have been a transition period for surmounting a past that had to be overcome while moving toward a new future. Not settling for the present, we have sown the seeds of social change and worked hard to cultivate hope. From the start, my Administration inherited a crumbling nation, but it has rebuilt and normalized the country. It is now spreading the values of justice and fairness into all sectors of society. On economic and social fronts, we have channeled our efforts into laying the groundwork to create a country where everyone thrives together by turning a polarized and unequal economy that has been structurally undermining the Korean economy into a people-centered one. Our work has focused on nurturing the Republic of Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s future growth engines while transforming our fast-follower economy into a pace-setting one, capable of promoting future new industries and spawning a venture boom.

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On another front, inclusiveness is being drastically enhanced. The national health insurance coverage has been expanded and a state system that takes care of dementia patients has been put in place, thereby opening an era of guaranteeing lifelong health for the entire population. A wider employment safety net has been cast, and tailored welfare programs have also been expanded, including an increase in the basic pension, the introduction of a monthly child benefit and the implementation of free high school education. A miracle-like change has also been crafted regarding the state of the Korean Peninsula. Weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re now taking on the important, historic challenge of getting rid of the menace of war and transitioning toward a new order of peace and prosperity through dialogue and diplomacy.

Social Policy

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting with His Senior Secretaries

We are also changing diplomacy in new ways. While focusing on national interests and strengthening diplomatic efforts with the four powers surrounding the Peninsula, we have expanded our diplomatic horizons by steadily pursuing diversification. In addition, weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve broadened our exchanges and cooperation as well as the economic realm toward the target countries of our New Southern and New Northern policies. We have responded to Japanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s export restrictions in a composed and confident manner, thereby turning them into an opportunity to strengthen the competitiveness of the domestic materials, components and equipment industries. We are now cementing the foundation to build a country that cannot be shaken by anyone. In this transition process, we have faced numerous controversies and real-life difficulties. Political conflicts have often occurred, and necessary legislation has often been delayed. The people might have endured inconvenience and pain as we have broken away from the familiarity of the past and sought a new way. Still, though challenging, we had no choice but to take this path for the future of the Republic of Korea. As a result of our hard work over the past two and a half years, I believe that the foundation of a new Republic of Korea and definite changes are being created. The remaining half of my term has now become all the more important. If the first half of the term saw seeds sown and sprout, the second half needs to have flowers blossom and bear fruit. Only then will we be able to talk about the success of the Moon Jae-in Administration. Until the people can clearly sense changes, the Government will unwaveringly take the path toward innovation, inclusiveness, fairness and peace. Innovation is about creating our future. We need to further accelerate our efforts and make unequivocal changes that will help resuscitate dynamism throughout our economy. Achieving inclusiveness is an endless task. Rather than settling for the accomplishments and changes made so far, we aim to move forward without interruption until severe polarization and inequality are resolved and our society becomes more compassionate and safer.

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Pursuing fairness is a dominant trend that no one can afford to resist. We should not loosen the reins in the reform of all social sectors so that even the unjust privileges and unfair elements hidden in the system are rectified and everyone can access equal opportunities and processes. Peace is all about determining the destiny of the Korean Peninsula. The miraculous change to date is merely a beginning. We cannot guarantee or be optimistic about the outcome yet. Obviously, there will be many challenging processes to come. However, we have no other option. We will have to succeed without fail by boldly moving forward with an unwavering resolve until we usher in a new era of peace and prosperity on the Korean Peninsula. The next two and a half years are a critical period for the people and nation. As we enter the second half of my Administration, the Governmentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s and my resolve and commitment is bound to be renewed and grow firmer. We will bring about the genuine changes desired by the people. I will do all I can to fulfill the presidential duties demanded by the people and times. In the process, I will communicate with a wider range of people and listen to different opinions, thereby gaining a broader understanding. The peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s support has always been the driving force. I hope that the people will also join in. Thank you.

Social Policy

December 13, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Luncheon with Presidential Commission on Centennial Anniversary of March 1st Independence Movement and Korea Provisional Government

Throughout this year, we have prepared for a new era by retracing the spirit of the March First Independence Movement and the Provisional Republic of Korea Government. I am grateful to Chairperson Han Wansang for summing up the meaning of their centennial and sharing his renewed commitment with us. Honorable descendants of decorated independence activists and members of the commission on this 100th anniversary, A century ago, ordinary people shouted for Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s independence while waving the national flag, the Taegeukgi. Those average people, whose names are unknown, voluntarily rose up to protect their country. That was the moment when the subjects of a kingdom were reborn as the citizens of a democratic republic. The Provisional Republic of Korea Government was founded with that spirit. That governmentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s provisional charter for the Republic of Korea declares in Article 1 that Korea shall be a democratic republic. Article 3 stipulates that all of the people of the Republic of Korea shall be equal regardless of gender, wealth and class. Our current Constitution originates from this charter.

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The most important reason for us to remember the March First Independence Movement and the establishment of the Provisional Government a century ago is that they are the roots of the Republic of Korea. The Republic is what all of the people achieved together by shouting for the independence of the country. Regardless of gender, class, ideology and religion, they worked together to carve out a peaceful and equitable country. Another reason why we have to remember the March First Independence Movement and the establishment of the Provisional Government is to revisit the spirit ingrained in them. Over the past 100 years, have we been living up to the idea of a genuine republic as stipulated in the Republic of Korea’s provisional charter and achieving full equality for all? Now is the time for us to humbly reflect upon our actions, asking whether or not another version of privileged politics lingers and yet another class and discrimination have been created by severe economic inequality amidst prosperity. If viewed from such a perspective, the new path that the Republic of Korea should take becomes obvious. We can live together as prosperously as we achieve together, and we can thrive together based on fairness, liberty and equality. That must be the lesson provided to us today by the 100th anniversary of the March First Independence Movement and the founding of the Provisional Government. Distinguished members of the Commission, I extend my appreciation to you all for having played a significant role in helping us ruminate on the spirit of the March First Independence Movement and the Provisional Republic of Korea Government. You’ve gathered people’s ideas on how to pass on the spirit of the Independence Movement and drafted a blueprint for the next century. You have produced an easy-to-read version of the Declaration of Independence and composed a commemorative song that has helped people from all walks of life reflect on the significance of the centennial. You’ve also made it possible for the spirit of the Independence Movement to remain alive among us through programs like “Read the 1919 Declaration of Independence Out Loud!”

Social Policy

According to recently released findings from a 2019 survey of the Korean peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mindset and values, 84 out of every 100 Koreans are proud of our history and the fact that they are Koreans. That is an 8 percent increase compared to the 2016 survey. Accurately knowing our history constitutes the basis of pride. I believe each and every project held to commemorate the centennial has become a foundation for further nourishing pride in our history. Once again, I extend my profound gratitude to Chairperson Han Wan-sang and the 98 members of the Commission as well as to the supporters, businesspeople and artists who contributed via public participation. Descendants of decorated independence activists, Over the past 100 years, the spirit of the March First Independence Movement has always remained alive beside us. In that spirit, Korea was able to overcome division, the war, poverty and dictatorship and has emerged now as a self-reliant, independent country that prospers and stands tall.

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Now, the coming 100 years will be spearheaded by future generations. The Government will do all it can to honor and publicize the history of the independence movement to ensure that proud leaders emerge who usher in a new future while keeping in mind the legacy of the March First Independence Movement. On February 26 this year, the Government held a Cabinet Meeting at the Kim Koo Museum and Library to ponder our responsibilities and resolutions for building a country where everyone is free, equal and prospers together, as envisioned by our independence activists. After reevaluating patriotic martyr Yu Gwan-sun’s accomplishments and presenting her an upgraded order of merit, 647 independence activists – the highest number in history – have been decorated this year. The Government also strived to identify female independence activists. The number of decorated female independence activists had stood at 299 until 2017, accounting for merely 2 percent of the total. However, the Government endeavored to ensure that women’s dedication to and sacrifices for the independence movement receive proper historical recognition by identifying and rewarding 60 female activists last year and 113 activists this year. Repatriating the remains of five independence activists from overseas, including Gye Bongwoo and Hwang Woon-jeong from Kazakhstan, has been a very rewarding undertaking. The nation has fulfilled its duty, albeit belatedly. We have put heart and soul into restoring overseas historic sites related to the independence movement. The headquarters of the Korean Liberation Army in Chongqing, China, was restored in March, and the Ahn Jung-geun Memorial Hall in Harbin Station has reopened. A memorial and monument for Choi Jae-hyeong has been constructed in Ussuriysk, Russia, and the library that commemorates the February 8 Independence Declaration in Tokyo has also reopened. The central and local governments are pooling resources to build a memorial hall for Yi Sang-ryong, penname Seokju, in Andong, Gyeongsangbuk-do Province, and to complete the restoration of Imcheonggak, Yi’s birth place, by 2025.

Social Policy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Luncheon with Presidential Commission on Centennial Anniversary of March 1st Independence Movement and Korea Provisional Government

The construction of a memorial hall for the Provisional Republic of Korea Government will be completed in 2021. In addition to commemorating the history of the 100 years of a democratic republic, it will be a place to honor the Provisional Government’s spirit of unity that transcends ideology and generations. Honorable descendants of decorated independence activists and members of the Commission, That day 100 years ago, we were able to summon up our courage because we were together, and because we were together, we could inform the world of the birth of the Republic of Korea. Similarly, our goals – a country where everyone prospers together and a peaceful Korean Peninsula – can only be achieved when we are together. I ask the descendants of decorated independence activists to join our efforts to achieve these goals. The spirit of the March First Independence Movement and the Provisional Government will shine forever and always bring us courage and strength. Thank you.

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January 21, 2020

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 3rd Cabinet Meeting

Let me begin the 3rd Cabinet Meeting. During the first Cabinet Meeting of the New Year, the act establishing an agency to investigate corruption involving high-level officials was promulgated. Following that, the National Assembly passed bills last week to readjust investigative authority between prosecutors and the police. With these, a great milestone in the institutionalization of prosecutorial reform has been set. The reform of law enforcement authorities is not the pursuit of a far-off ideal. In a democratic republic, the rightful owners of those organizations are the people. It is only natural that democratic principles should apply to the inner workings of law enforcement as well. Nonetheless, it is truly difficult to change a reality that has hardened into entrenched interests. The establishment of an agency to investigate crimes by senior officials and the coordination of law enforcement authority between prosecutors and the police have been reforms sought over the past 20 year, but they have finally been accomplished through the strength of the people. I bow to the public to express my appreciation.

Social Policy

Up until now, it has been the National Assemblyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s time to work on them, but from now on, they are important tasks for the Government. The implementation of these two tasks requires a lot of preparation. We do not have enough time to accomplish both of these. Not only should there be no setbacks in their implementation, securing objectivity and political neutrality will be essential from the preparatory stage onward. In addition, as the saying goes, â&#x20AC;&#x153;the devil is in the detailsâ&#x20AC;?; fine-tuning the details might be even more daunting. I urge the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of the Interior and Safety, the prosecution service and the police to engage in sufficient communication and arrange a proper preparatory system that even takes into account the opinions of the judiciary as these two tasks are related to the entire justice system. I also ask the Prime Minister to personally attend to this matter.

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Although the legislation to reform the prosecution has been completed, the legislative process related to comprehensively reforming law enforcement authorities is still underway. First and foremost, an integrated police act covering both the organization and operation of the police should have been passed along with the bill to readjust the investigative authority of the prosecution and police. At the core of reforming law enforcement authorities lies control over the abuse of power through checks and balances. In this regard, the establishment of a national headquarters for investigations and the agency to investigate crimes involving senior government officials, the adjustment of the investigative authority of the prosecution and police and the introduction of an autonomous police system are all tied closely together. As the police gain more authority in line with the curtailed direct control over investigations by prosecutors, that authority has to be distributed in a democratic manner. For this reason, decentralization and the expansion of local self-governance have been pursued by introducing an autonomous police system along with the separation of police detectives from those in charge of administrative affairs through the establishment of a national headquarters for investigations. However, the two initiatives were dealt with separately in the course of processing the relevant bills. The reform of the National Intelligence Service should also be backed up by legislation. The NIS has already carried out its internal reform by completely abolishing its domestic intelligence-gathering division and focusing on overseas and North Korea-related intelligence activities, but the bill to institutionalize these changes is still pending in the National Assembly. With the general election approaching, the 20th National Assembly doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t have much time left in its term. Still, I urge the National Assembly to expedite passage of the integrated police act and the bill to revise the National Intelligence Service Korea Act so that the prosecution, the national police, the autonomous police, the agency for the investigation of crimes among senior government officials and the NIS can complete their reforms through a system of checks and balances. Besides reforming law enforcement authorities, the Government has continually worked to eradicate various forms of corruption that people face in their daily lives. The three kindergarten-related bills to be promulgated today are also a part of these efforts.

Social Policy

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 3rd Cabinet Meeting

There were objections from some kindergarten associations during the legislative process, but the Government’s firm determination together with the rigorous demands of the people paved the way for the framework to strengthen the public service role of kindergartens. Going forward, tuition paid by parents must be used exclusively for educational purposes, and those who commit accounting fraud in order to use it for other purposes or their own interests must be held strictly accountable under the law. Parental rights to choose kindergartens will be strengthened, and the quality of the meals provided there will be managed and supervised according to clear standards. I expect that the transparency of accounting at kindergartens and the public service role of early childhood education will be drastically enhanced. Passage of the three kindergarten-related bills does not necessarily mean that we have fully met the people’s demands. I ask you to make certain that related policies that are being pursued jointly – increasing the number of public kindergartens run by the central and local governments, resolving the hardships facing private kindergartens and improving the treatment of teachers – lead to changes in the field of early childhood education. In addition, I would like you to come up with plans to improve regulations so that more support can be provided to those kindergartens that are making efforts to pursue transparent management and protect preschoolers’ right to education.

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April 05, 2020

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Reforestation Site in Gangwon-do Province

I am glad to meet you all. Gangneung’s Okgye-myeon suffered the greatest damage from the Gangwon-do Province wildfires last year. My heart is truly filled with emotions as I’ve come here again to personally see how the area is being restored and participate in reforestation work with you. Do you happen to know that Korea ranks fourth in terms of the percentage of territory covered in forests among the OECD member states? Korea is the OECD’s fourth largest forest power, following Finland, Sweden and Japan, with 63 percent of its entire territory actually covered with trees, not simply the area designated as forest land. Korea’s growing stock per hectare – the total amount of forest trees – is also near the top among the OECD member states. This is an achievement our people have accomplished over the past 70 years. In 1946, even before the Republic of Korea Government was established, April 5 was designated Arbor Day. Going further, Arbor Day was made into a public holiday in 1949 with the intention of helping the people spend the day on nothing but planting trees. It was not until after the adoption of the five-day workweek that Arbor Day ceased to be a public holiday. For such a long time, almost 60 years, our people planted trees every year without interruption. As a result, the bare hills that had been ravaged after suffering colonial rule

Social Policy

and the Korean War were rapidly turned into lush mountains. Korea became the only country to succeed at reforestation to such an extent. For this reason, countries around the world see Korea as the most exemplary nation in mountain reforestation. Our people deserve to take pride in this fact. Korea’s emergence as a prime example of reforestation has led many countries to ask for international cooperation on reforestation. As a result, we are also standing in a leading position, so to speak, with regard to international cooperation in forestry as well. As you are aware, the Republic of Korea has carried out numerous forestation projects in northern China and Mongolia to prevent desertification and yellow dust. In Central Asia and the Mekong region, our country is engaging in forestry cooperation with the aim of helping to maintain cross-border peace. These are achievements in which our people can take great pride. That said, as to the question of whether Korea is now an advanced country in terms of forestry, the answer is that our country is a “half advanced” nation. In terms of quantity, it can be regarded as an advanced country. But in terms of quality, it still imports a considerable amount of pulp and timber. As the country had rushed forestation, it mainly planted fast-growing trees – pitch pines, alder, acacia and aspen – instead of considering the economic return. In a sense, our trees are slightly lacking in economic value.

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Therefore, from now on, our forest policy needs to focus on creating forests that comprise trees with economic value that can yield timber or fruit, rather than planting fast-growing trees. In addition, it is also necessary to build scenic forests suitable for tourism, fine dustblocking forests that help reduce fine dust in urban areas along with other types of urban forests later on and fire-resistant forests in areas highly prone to wildfires. Now is the time to change the paradigm of our forest policy in this way. Besides, tending to forests has now become as important as planting trees. Last year, the wildfires in Gangwon-do instantly destroyed dense forests, ten times the size of Yeouido. In Okgye-myeon alone, a forest about four times the size of Yeouido vanished. We need to recover them as early as possible. As the Minister of the Korea Forest Service said just before, we will devise various shortterm measures to prevent forest fires going forward and countermeasures to put out fires as soon as possible when they occur. At the same time, between this year and 2022, we will completely recover all the forests destroyed by fire through reforestation at the earliest possible date. Our goal is to restore half within this year. Although we are now engaging in social distancing due to the COVID-19 outbreak, I would like to say that we should unceasingly carry on with tree planting and reforestation at this time. The people are suffering a lot from the COVID-19 outbreak, but I am also calling on them to actively participate in reforestation in such a manner as each person cultivating a tree or donating one. The Geumgang pines that we are planting today are the best variety of pines, our peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s favorite tree. They grow tall and upright like this and are considered the best timber because of their very good quality. As all of the palaces and temples were built from Geumgang pines in the past, heavy punishments were imposed on anyone who cut them during the Joseon period. Even today, an owner of a mountain can be punished for recklessly cutting a Geumgang pine. These trees are protected in this way and have a high economic value.

Social Policy

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Reforestation Site in Gangwon-do Province

Along with all of you, this group of reforestation workers, I am very pleased to participate in the reforestation work today together with Okgye residents. I hope that each and every tree that we are about to plant will be a start â&#x20AC;&#x201C; that it will make the areas severely devastated by wildfires in Gangwon-do and the Okgye area in Gangneung green again and develop our country into a forest powerhouse. Thank you.

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Selected Speeches â&#x2026;˘

Foreign Policy/ National Security

State Âˇ Official Visit Multilateral Summits Foreign Policy

June 10, 2019

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-Finland Summit State · Official Visit

Hyvää päivää! (Good day!) I’d like to express my profound gratitude to President Niinistö and the people of Finland for extending a warm welcome to myself and my delegation. I am delighted to pay a state visit to Finland, which is a country that has shown us the way to happiness and is also leading humanity toward inclusiveness and peace. Finland embraced the future through innovation. In spite of a series of economic crises, Finland has become a world leader in innovation through outstanding creativity and technology. The experience of resolving conflicts and confrontation through a grand social compromise in the process of economic development is a huge asset that Finland possesses. Finland’s ability to build a world-renowned, inclusive welfare state gives hope to everyone in the world who dreams of a future filled with happiness. Korea is also aspiring to become an innovative and inclusive nation. Finland’s experience and accomplishments give us plenty of inspiration. I hope our two countries can become great partners that benefit and closely cooperate with each other in the years ahead.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Today, I shared a vision for future cooperation between our two countries with President Niinistö and discussed specific cooperation projects. First, we agreed to strengthen cooperation in the fields of new industries in the future, startups and innovation. Starting from today, the Korea-Finland Startup Summit will take place for two days. I will take part in the Summit with President Niinistö to encourage businesspeople and express our willingness to provide active support at the government level. I hope the startups and businesspeople of our two countries will work together to inspire new ideas and greater imagination. Today, we also established an institutional foundation for expanding our cooperation in the realm of innovation. We signed an MOU on cooperation in SMEs, startups and innovation as well as an MOU on joint responses to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. We'll establish a startup ecosystem that enables mutually beneficial cooperation among our two countries’ SMEs, startups and major companies. We'll also push ahead with various cooperation projects in the field of future industries, such as 5G, artificial intelligence and big data.

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Second, we agreed to invigorate exchanges between our future generations and expand exchanges of people and goods. The strength of our two countries lies in the people. In particular, our young generations’ creativity and spirit to take on challenges are key driving forces that will lead our two countries into the future. We'll actively push forward with pilot projects, including Working Holiday programs, through which talented individuals in Korea can make inroads into Finland. We also agreed to establish a direct flight between Busan and Helsinki. Thanks to Finnair establishing flights to Incheon 11 years ago, Helsinki became the closest European Union city to Korea, and our bilateral exchanges have been significantly expanded. The direct flight that we have just established is the first to connect Busan with Europe. I am delighted to see that my hometown, Busan, has become closer to Helsinki during my state visit. Korea and Finland as well as Asia and Europe will become connected. Third, Finland is a shining example of a country strongly supported by innovation with a perfect balance in growth and distribution. President Niinistö and I agreed to share our respective policies and experiences to achieve an innovative and inclusive society. Korea and Finland both face the problem of a rapidly aging society. We agreed to gather our wisdom in various fields, including welfare and human rights for the elderly as well as the silver economy. We’ll work together to build a society that boasts a fine work-life balance and practices gender equality. President Niinistö and I agreed to closely work together to not only achieve regional peace but also to respond to climate change and facilitate sustainable development. Today, President Niinistö expressed active support for my Government's efforts to achieve peace on the Korean Peninsula. Coming from a country that facilitated the reconciliation between the Eastern and Western blocs through the Helsinki Process, support and goodwill from Finland will be a source of tremendous strength for the Korean Peninsula.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-Finland Summit

I'd like to convey my gratitude and respect to President Niinistรถ for playing a leading role in responding to common issues of humankind such as climate change, sustainable development and the Arctic. Korea will also work together with Finland to respond to global issues. I have no doubt that the summit meeting today was a landmark event that elevated the friendly and cooperative ties between Korea and Finland to a higher level. I hope that we will continue to collaborate for peace in our two countries as well as for the future of coprosperity in the days ahead. I would like to once again express my gratitude to President Niinistรถ and the people of Finland for their warm hospitality, and I would also like to extend an invitation to the President to visit Korea at a mutually convenient time. Kiitos! Thank you!

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June 12, 2019

Keynote Speech by President Moon Jae-in at Oslo Forum “Peace for the People” State · Official Visit

His Majesty the King, Minister Søreide, Rector Stølen and students of the University of Oslo, ladies and gentlemen: God dag! Thank you for such a warm welcome. I am especially grateful for being invited to the Oslo Forum, which plays a key role in the international community as a mediator for resolving disputes and conflict as well as creating peace. Norway is often referred to the world’s happiest country. Having come here in person, I came to realize the reason. Norway can be also described as a place where a culture of mutual respect amid peaceful everyday life and diversity flourishes and where people and nature are beautifully harmonized. Local pride is palpable here in Oslo, 2019 winner of the European Green Capital Award. Truly inspiring are Oslo’s efforts to create a “peoplecentered city” through eco-friendly public transportation and social integration policies.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Today, I believe it is deeply meaningful to have the chance to share words with you who will lead Norway’s future at the University of Oslo, an incubator of intelligence that has contributed to the peace and development of the mankind. I have heard that a Korean Studies program which has been opened at the University of Oslo plays an important role in promoting awareness of Korea’s history and culture. In Korea, there is a high interest in Norway and Northern Europe. The Nordic “Law of Jante,” which emphasizes humility, consideration for others and equality, resonates strongly with people who are worn out by excessive competition. Common Norwegian wisdom, imparted orally by mothers to their children, has provided courage and strength to Koreans who live on the other side of the globe. This year marks the 60th anniversary of diplomatic relations between our two countries. Although far apart geographically, our two nations have shared friendship for six decades and have grown especially close.

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Our bilateral trade volume has continued to grow since the Korea-EFTA free trade agreement went into effect in 2006. Our cooperation has widened in the shipbuilding and maritime industries based on Norway’s exceptional technology and Korea’s excellent building capabilities. Let’s not forget our joint involvement in arctic field research, to include the opening of the Dasan Arctic Station and Collaborative Polar Research Center. Above all, our two countries have been comrades in arms. When war broke out on the Korean Peninsula in 1950, Norwegian-born Trygve Lie, the first Secretary-General of the United Nations, appealed strongly to the international community for U.N. troops to be dispatched, and he prevailed despite opposition from some powerful countries. Furthermore, Norway sent a medical support team of 623 personnel to the Korean Peninsula, and they are credited with saving some 90,000 precious lives. The Republic of Korea has never forgotten this debt of gratitude owed to the Kingdom of Norway. On behalf of the Korean people, I would like to convey our warm feelings of friendship and appreciation. Distinguished guests and students, Today’s Norway is the envy of the world for its peace, inclusiveness, public welfare, innovation and growth. I believe that Norway’s true greatness lies in the strength of its people. In 1814, 112 ordinary people, including 37 tenant farmers and 17 community heads, gathered in the small municipality of Eidsvoll. They declared Norway’s independence and proclaimed the Constitution of Norway. The Eidsvoll Constitution, which has been the most progressive constitution for more than 200 years with the values of freedom and equality, remains as the pride of the Norwegian people. In the 1940s, ordinary citizens mounted a resistance movement against German occupancy. Some 35,000 Norwegian citizens were incarcerated in concentration camps or prison during that painful time.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Keynote Speech by President Moon Jae-in at Oslo Forum “Peace for the People”

Political leaders have also merged their strength to ensure that the groundwork for peace laid by the people remained firm. A social welfare system was built to translate national economic growth into a growth of people, and an institutional foundation was arranged for the pursuit of an egalitarian society. Norway today is renowned as the world’s best country for gender equality and for freedom of the press. Norway has ranked number one on the Economist’s EIU democracy index for the past nine years in a row. I heartily applaud the Norwegian people for such a great accomplishment. The people have also been the very driving force behind the Republic of Korea’s advancement. One hundred years ago, when Korea was under colonial rule, woodcutters, miners, students, visually impaired persons, domestic servants, female entertainers, peasantry, and other ordinary people came out on the streets to wave the Korean flag and participate in the March First Movement calling for national independence. This was a massive protest, with the participation of approximately 2.02 million people, which amounted ten percent of the total population at that time. Even after her independence, Korea suffered a devastating war. Despite the setbacks, the country has managed to achieve economic growth and democracy through the strength of her people in seven short decades. This is seen as an unprecedented achievement in the world. Mothers and fathers, unable to study themselves, were determined to have their children educated. Friends and neighbors encouraged each other by saying, “You can do it!” When the nation and society faced a crisis, the people took to the streets holding candles, assuming the lead in restoring democracy. The Republic of Korea we see today was created by each and every one of these determined citizens.

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Korea’s per capita income surpassed US$30,000 for the first time in 2017, and last year its export exceeded US$600 billion, marking the world’s sixth largest volume. In addition, we are heading towards an inclusive nation by enhancing the social safety net for the most vulnerable through measures such as raising the minimum wage, initiating an allowance for children, and increasing the basic pension for the elderly. Recently, the peace process on the Korean Peninsula is under way to bring fundamental changes in the security situation of the Peninsula with the determination of the leaders of the two Koreas as well as the United States. In Berlin in 2017, I proposed a new peace initiative for the Korean Peninsula, and North Korea positively responded in a New Year’s address in January of last year. The 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympic Games turned out to be a successful “Peace Olympics” with the North’s participation and international support. I met Chairman Kim Jong Un at Panmunjeom in April of last year. This was a historic moment, when the supreme leader of the North has stepped foot on the soil of the South for the first time since the division of the Korean Peninsula. Later, we agreed to cease hostile military activities against each other, to withdraw guard-posts and to recover the remains of the deceased during the Korean War in the Demilitarized Zone. Now, the two Koreas maintain a joint liaison office in Gaeseong, where representatives from both sides can meet and communicate at any time. Firearms have been withdrawn from the Joint Security Area of the DMZ, where the soldiers of both Koreas as well as the United Nations Command are on guard together, and the southern part of the JSA has already been opened to general tourists. A “Peace Trail” has been established inside the DMZ, which had been a tragic symbol of Korean division, thus the public can walk along the trail. Norway has never faltered on the journey for peace, as evidenced by the peace that exists today. Likewise, the Korean government will stride forward unwaveringly, to achieve peace without fail.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Keynote Speech by President Moon Jae-in at Oslo Forum “Peace for the People”

Today happens to be the first anniversary of the first North Korea-United States summit, which is attributable to bold commitment and leadership of President Donald J. Trump and Chairman Kim Jong Un. One year ago, the leaders of the two sides met face to face, for the first time ever, in Singapore. They reached an agreement on the overriding principles of the complete denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, new North Korea-U.S. relations, and a peace regime on the Korean Peninsula. Now that agreement is moving forward. Talks appear in a stalemate since the second North Korea-United States summit, but that is because we need some time to understand each other thoroughly. It is the process of thawing out hostile feelings that have persisted for the last 70 years. What we need now is not a new vision or proclamation, but the deepening of mutual understanding and trust. With this as a foundation, we have to strengthen the will for dialogue further. Even after the second North Korea-United States summit, President Trump and Chairman Kim are still expressing the trust on each other and their firm resolve towards further dialogue. The international community is providing consistent support for the realization of peace through dialogue, and this serves as great strength for overcoming the current impasse. Albert Einstein said, “Peace cannot be kept by force; it can only be achieved by understanding.” I sincerely wish his insight to be engraved in our mind. Distinguished guests and students, We learn the wisdom for attaining peace on the Korean Peninsula from Norway, where peace was created by the strength of the people.

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First wisdom is that we need a positive peace that changes everyday life. Professor Johan Galtung, who offered a pioneering philosophy and theories on peace, explained that the concept of peace can be categorized into two types: negative and positive. Negative peace is simple absence of direct violence, whereas positive peace seeks out and resolves structural causes of conflict. Feelings of mutual hostility are the greatest cause of conflict. Above all, we will be able to find out and resolve structural conflicts when we understand one another through exchanges and cooperation. We may simply turn our backs against one another and go on living in peace. However, real peace is the one that is mutually beneficial. For this to happen, that peace proves to be good and useful to every individual citizen. Longstanding division has restricted the lives, democracy, and even the peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s thought in Korea. Thus, our political culture has not developed apace, though we achieved an advanced economy. Now this situation must change. When peace truly becomes useful to the everyday lives of the people, they will actively overcome the division and foster peace. This is how Norway and Northern Europe created their peace. The Nordic countries neighboring one another, started to face environmental problems such as air pollution and marine pollution in the 1950s. Norway no longer stayed still in passive peace. The country chose the way to resolve the problems through cooperation with neighboring countries and thereby improve the quality of life for her citizens. As a result, the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe concluded the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution in 1979. This was followed by the 1985 Helsinki Protocol, which stipulated a 30 percent reduction in sulfur emissions. Such accomplishments were the result of efforts to resolve problems that closely affect peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s lives through dialogues.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Keynote Speech by President Moon Jae-in at Oslo Forum “Peace for the People”

Reckless development, waste dumping, and tanker oil-spills resulted in depleted fish stocks and disrupted marine ecosystems. Norway worked on tackling the marine pollution problem in cooperation with other coastal countries. The 1972 Oslo Convention was concluded, thus to regulate ocean dumping. The fresh air and clean seas that we now enjoy in Oslo reflect peace achieved through dialogue and cooperation, consensus and understanding. I would like to express my admiration for Norway’s heartfelt efforts. The two Koreas not only share a border, but constitute a “community of life” that must live together. Our shared history spans 5,000 years, whereas our history apart is a mere 70 years long. Wildfires, damage from insects and infectious diseases in domestic animals could also occur in the border area where people are not allowed to get access. An invisible borderline on the sea threatens the fishing rights of fishermen. As Professor Galtung has rightly pointed out, it is important to peacefully resolve the structural violence that the people of the two Koreas have suffered because of division. I would like to name it as “peace for the people.” We must first address the damages in the border area. An excellent case of cooperation in this regard is the “permanent legations” laid out in the German Basic Treaty of 1972. East and West Germany took advantage of these permanent legations to make swift and joint responses to fires, floods, landslides, infectious diseases, insect damage and water contamination occurring in border areas. I wish this precedence can be also applied to the Korean Peninsula, thus to foster concrete hope for peace among the peoples. If we are to bring together positive thinking that peace is a good thing that improves the quality of life, it will heal the division in the hearts of people who have been separated by different ideology and views. The huge wave of peace referred to as denuclearization and a peace regime will grow much stronger.

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Second wisdom is that, we need a peace that contributes to resolving disputes and conflicts between neighboring countries. The Norwegian people, fully aware of the importance of peace for themselves, have paid attention to peace for other nations, too. The Norwegians brokered a settlement to a half-century of conflict between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization through the conclusion of the 1993 Oslo Accords. This historic peace agreement began with the imagination and courage of a Norwegian couple (Mona Juul and her husband, Terje RĂ¸d-Larsen) who were working as ordinary diplomats. The husband and wife brought together the Israeli Prime Minister and PLO Chairman for a series of secret negotiations. Their dedicated efforts got the Israelis and Palestinians to view each other as partners for dialogue and understanding rather than as objects of bitterness and hatred. The story of this couple who created the process toward peace was recounted in the J.T. Rogersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; play Oslo, which has touched audiences worldwide. The play was staged in Korea at the end of last year and attracted the attention and admiration of many Koreans eager for peace. The Cold War has ended across the world, but the Cold War structure remains in place on the Korean Peninsula. The South and the North are still divided, and the North has not established diplomatic relations with the United States or Japan. The establishment of permanent peace on the Korean Peninsula means a complete dismantling of the last vestiges of the Cold War structure in Northeast Asia. This will provide the countries in Northeast Asia that have experienced protracted conflict over historical issues and ideology with an opportunity to proceed with forward-looking cooperation. In August of last year, I proposed an East Asian Railroad Community initiative, involving six Northeast Asian countries and the United States. This envisions the development of Northeast Asian energy and economic communities, and the subsequent expansion into a multilateral peace and security community in the region.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Keynote Speech by President Moon Jae-in at Oslo Forum “Peace for the People”

I wish peace on the Korean Peninsula will contribute to regional peace and reconciliation, thereby hastening the day when Asia and Europe can prosper together. His Majesty the King, Minister Søreide, Rector Stølen and students of the University of Oslo, ladies and gentlemen: Snow on Galdhopiggen, the highest peak of the Scandinavian Peninsula, melts every May and June. The runoff flows through the narrow and long fjords to reach the great ocean. The quest for peace on the Korean Peninsula is in no way easy. The time needed will not be short. However, when mutual understanding allows enmity to dissolve, like the snow that melts and flows to the ocean, peace on the Korean Peninsula will also reach its goal. Norway and Korea are partners for peace. I hope that Norway will continue to share its wisdom and strength until peace on the Korean Peninsula firmly takes root. The Republic of Korea will always remain with Norway on its noble journey toward peace and prosperity for all of humanity. Thank you.

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June 13, 2019

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-Norway Summit State · Official Visit

Good morning, I’d like to thank His Majesty the King, Madame Prime Minister Solberg and the great people of Norway for the warm welcome extended to me and my delegation. I am delighted to meet Prime Minister Solberg once again after the PyeongChang Winter Olympics last year. I’d like to point out that Norway finished first at the PyeongChang Winter Olympic Games, thanks to your support. The Korean people were able to enjoy the outstanding performances of the Norwegian athletes during the Olympic Games. Norway is an old friend that provided help to Korea at times of need. Norway deployed a medical support unit during the Korean War, and it provided medical help even after the War as well. We are very grateful to Norway for all the support that it provided to us. Norway was the first Nordic country to form diplomatic relations with Korea. We have complementary economic structures, and we have continued cooperation based on shared values that uphold democracy, human rights and the people.

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Notably, this year is very meaningful as we commemorate the 60th anniversary of diplomatic relations between our two countries. My state visit, the first by a Korean president to Norway, is all the more significant. During the gala dinner yesterday, Prime Minister Solberg and I discussed various issues sitting side-by-side. We also had in-depth discussions during the summit today. Today Prime Minister Solberg and I have reaffirmed the profound friendship between our two countries and shared the vision for future development. We also discussed concrete measures to take our relationship to the next level. First, we agreed to strengthen substantive, forward-looking cooperation to prepare for the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Our two countries are the world's leading shipbuilding powerhouses. By combining our two nations' strengths, we agreed to push for cooperation to develop future-oriented, ecofriendly, autonomous ships.

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Furthermore, we have agreed to pursue cooperation related to technological development for the production, utilization and storage of hydrogen, the next pollution-free energy source, in order to realize the hydrogen economy. Moreover, we believe that science and technology is critical for future cooperation. The two countries decided to set up a science and technology joint commission to share science and technology policies and expand the exchanges among researchers between the two countries. We will elevate the level of cooperation on innovative technology for new industries by supporting R&D efforts to companies in both countries. Second, the Prime Minister and I have agreed to strengthen cooperation for environmental protection and the construction of a sustainable welfare state. For our future generations, once again it is extremely important to strengthen development cooperation. And also, in the areas of climate change responses and development cooperation, we have agreed to join in international efforts. In order to resolve fine dust issues in Korea, we are working really hard. Prime Minister Solberg also talked about how we can strengthen our relations and resolve international issues, and the experiences in resolving air pollution through the trans-national cooperation within Northern Europe were also discussed. In order to improve the welfare of the people, we signed a bilateral social protection agreement. Social security benefits, including pension rights, will be improved. To build a sustainable welfare society, we have agreed to share gender equality and inclusive growth experiences. Third, exchanges at all levels that have led steady development of bilateral relations will be further promoted. Through various celebrations marking the 60th anniversary of diplomatic relations, we will expand mutual understanding, increase high-level personnel exchanges, including at the summit level, and revitalize bilateral consultation.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-Norway Summit

We have noted that bilateral trade increased nearly threefold after the Korea-EU FTA came into effect in 2016. We will make continuous joint efforts to expand trade and investment. Today, several MOUs were signed between ministers and between businesspeople from both countries in the presence of the Prime Minister and myself. I ask for your continued interest in this regard. Today, Prime Minister Solberg has shown firm support for our efforts to achieve complete denuclearization and permanent peace on the Korean Peninsula. To the Korean people who sincerely aspire to peace, Norwayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s support and encouragement would be of great help especially as Norway has a history of promoting international peace and mediating agreements. Through todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s meeting, I was able to confirm once again our deep friendship. Importantly, I do have high expectation for the future of peace and prosperity that our two countries will carve out together. I am confident that my visit will be a significant milestone for our bilateral relations and peace on the Korean Peninsula. Once again, I express my thanks for the warm hospitality of His Majesty the King, Prime Minister Solberg and the Norwegian people. Tusen takk. (Thank you.)

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June 14, 2019

Address by President Moon Jae-in at Riksdag of Sweden “Trust for Denuclearization and Peace on the Korean Peninsula” State · Official Visit

His Majesty the King, Speaker Norlen, Prime Minister, Riksdag members, and distinguished guests, God morgon! (Good morning!) Nobel Peace Prize Winner Alva Myrdal made her first entreaty for global disarmament right here. Former Korean President Kim Dae-jung also came here immediately after winning his Nobel Peace Prize to reclarify his vision for peace on the Korean Peninsula. That was nineteen years ago, and I reflect how much progress has been made with regard to peace on the Korean Peninsula. It is an honor to deliver an address at this historic Parliament House. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the Swedish people, His Majesty the King and all the Riksdag members for your heartfelt welcome and the opportunity to speak here. The Kingdom of Sweden is an old friend of the Republic of Korea. During the Korean War, you dispatched a field hospital unit that treated some 25,000 U.N. soldiers and POWs, and you helped us establish the National Medical Center. Swedish civilian medical personnel remained in Busan even after the War, treating and consoling the people with whose government had not established diplomatic ties then.

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To us Koreans, Sweden has long been an ideal country. In 1968, when Korea was dreaming of democracy amidst the wound of war, a Korean poet named Shin Dong-yup wrote a verse depicting Sweden. I will read part of that poem now: “In a region called Scandinavia or something, it is said, when coal miners return home from the mines, they carry in the back pockets of their work clothes oil-stained copies of books by Heidegger, Russell, Hemingway, and Zhuangzi; - it is said, when the Prime Minister stands in line in front of the ticket window at a train station under the blazing sun to go on a holiday, the stationmaster merely casts a simple greeting, and peacefully opens the door to his office and goes in. - it is said, the people may not know their president’s name, but they are familiar with the names of birds, flowers, orchestra conductors, and playwrights, in this politically neutral country. - it is said, people do not allow deadly missiles or tank battalions into their vineyards. - it is said, when the evening sun sets in a dark red glow, a gentleman with the title of ‘President’ rides his bicycle 30 li (12 km) down a country road, with a bottle of rice wine on the rear rack, to visit a poet’s house.”

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While reading this verse, Koreans imagined a high level of democracy, peace, and social welfare. Sweden is still beloved by Koreans. We Koreans gratefully acknowledge and rely on the role that Sweden is undertaking for the sake of peace on the Korean Peninsula. Sweden is the only country in the world running three official missions across the Korean Peninsula, respectively in Seoul, in Pyeongyang and in Panmunjeom. North Korea also shows confidence in Swedenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s neutrality and impartiality. I want to take this opportunity to salute the Swedish people and leaders for your unwavering sincerity in the quest for peace on the Korean Peninsula over the past 70 years and to convey the Korean peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s warm friendship. Riksdag members and distinguished guests, Although the Kingdom of Sweden and the Republic of Korea are geographically far from each other, situated at the opposite ends of the vast Eurasian continent, we share many things in common. Located on the peninsulas where the Eurasian continent faces the sea, the two countries both have endured numerous wars and have struggled ceaselessly to maintain sovereignty. Both countries also have experience in struggling against poverty: Sweden suffered a century-long famine, starting in the 18th century, while Korea had to endure colonial rule and war in the 20th century. However, the two countries are also similar particularly in that they have managed to overcome difficulties with the strength of their great people. The people endowed with diligence and tenacity turned desperately poor economies into prosperous ones making full use of the manufacturing sector. The well-educated young people did not hesitate to innovate and to take on challenges. The two governments aggressively support entrepreneurship and startup businesses, allowing the young to pursue their dreams.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Address by President Moon Jae-in at Riksdag of Sweden “Trust for Denuclearization and Peace on the Korean Peninsula”

Also impressive are the artistic accomplishments of the two culture-loving peoples. The culture and arts of our two nations are beloved by the people around the world. The world enjoys the music of ABBA and BTS. Astrid Lingren’s Pippi Longstocking, Stieg Larsson’s Millennium trilogy, and Han Kang’s Vegetarian are worldwide favorites. What our two nations have most in common is our strong determination for peace. What makes the Swedish people magnificent is that you are not simply interested in peace for your own country. Rather, you are involved in the peace process for other countries as well. Sweden has become a guardian of peace for the international community, protecting mankind against the threat of war. The history of Sweden reaching out to people in distress has greatly inspired the people of the Republic of Korea, who dream of complete peace on the Korean Peninsula. In April of last year, the eyes of the world were focused on Panmunjeom on a beautiful and balmy spring day, like a fine summer day here in Sweden. Chairman Kim Jong Un stepped across the Military Demarcation Line for the first time in the history, to hold the first inter-Korean summit in a decade. The ardent desire of the Korean people not to repeat the tragedy of war instantly transformed Panmunjeom, a symbol of division, into a birthplace of peace. Although the South and North faced difficulty in coming together to talk, the two sides had earnest dialogues, to promise to open a new path toward peace, prosperity, and coexistence. The Comprehensive Military Agreement was concluded, thus the two sides agreed to cease hostile activities, establish no-fly zones, withdraw guard posts and jointly recover war remains in the DMZ. Due to the meeting on that day, the hiking trails were opened across the border of the South and North. Eleven such trails were created in the forestland of the DMZ, where no one had set foot since the Armistice Agreement was signed 65 years ago. Sooner or later, there will be numerous other paths through which people from both the South and North can come and go.

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This year, the DMZ Peace Trail, which had not been accessible in the past unless one is military personnel, was opened to the public, allowing them to walk along the DMZ. The Korean people are fully aware that these changes were possible thanks to international solidarity, support and assistance of peace-loving global citizens. I am especially grateful to Sweden, which played a crucial role to provide opportunities for the parties directly concerned in establishing peace on the Korean Peninsula to meet and communicate with one another. We Koreans, encouraged by the Swedish people, have been able to further foster aspirations for peace on the Korean Peninsula. We will never forget the huge role that Sweden has assumed from the first inter-Korean summit in 2000 to the two historic summits between the United States and North Korea most recently. Riksdag members and distinguished guests, “Trust” is the strength that made today’s Sweden possible. You the Swedish people trust one another as well as your government and businesses. As demonstrated in the case of the historic Saltsjöbaden Agreement signed in 1938, the Swedish people have acquired the wisdom to allow labor and management to negotiate agreements and make decisions, and after decisions are handed down, they are accepted and implemented by all. The heroic conducts of Raoul Wallenberg, referred to as Sweden’s Oskar Schindler, and Count Folke Bernadotte, who saved concentration camp inmates during World War II with ‘white buses,’ instilled the belief that somebody will step up to help when others are in need. You the Swedish people concur that every member of society should contribute to building a fine society, and practice this belief. The same is true for global peace. Every nation should contribute to the establishment of global peace. Sweden decided not to possess nuclear weapons, even though you had the technology to develop them. It was truly a Swedish decision to propose and implement peaceful arms reduction, rather than resort to nuclear arms, to stand against new threats of war.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Address by President Moon Jae-in at Riksdag of Sweden “Trust for Denuclearization and Peace on the Korean Peninsula”

Sweden had the conviction that the mankind could shape a new future, and thus to become the first country to renounce nuclear arsenal. Their conviction was that the world would choose “prosperity through peace” in the end. The government of Sweden now practices its people’s belief by engaging in the nonproliferation of nuclear weapons and worldwide renowned official development assistance. The rest of the world is now joining Sweden to nurture trust on one another. I respectfully applaud the Swedish people who are assuming a leading role in fostering love for humanity and peace across the world. Riksdag members and distinguished guests, I believe in the path that Sweden has taken so far. The Korean Peninsula must also establish peace through trust, and then build stronger trust through peace. Today, I would like to take this opportunity to propose three kinds of trust between the two Koreas. First, the trust between the peoples on both sides. There is no difference between the South and North to pursue a better life in peace. Yet it is true that seven decades of separation and confrontation cannot be reversed in a single day. There might be days when the gaps between the two Koreas seem wider or the feelings of frustration seem deeper. However, both Koreas are of the same people and share a common history that spans 5,000 years. If we open the window for dialogue and do not forsake communicating with each other, misunderstanding will subside and understanding will grow. The inter-Korean dialogues including the three recent summits have already sparked a number of changes. Hostile military activities were ceased along the Military Demarcation Line. Roads and railroads are being reconnected. Lighthouses nearby the border have been lighted on, enabling fishermen to catch fish in a safe manner. Small but concrete steps toward peace are being taken. Peace in everyday life is under way.

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When such everyday peace builds up over time, hostility will dissipate and the people of the two sides will support the peace process. That will mark the beginning of permanent and complete peace. Second, the trust in dialogue. The world would like to have the two Koreas coexist in peace. No country wants a war between the two Koreas. If peace on the Korean Peninsula collapses, peace and stability for all of Northeast Asia will also collapse, and the entire world will suffer a tremendous disaster. Humanity has learned that it has to pay higher price to carry out war of any kind than to maintain peace. Thus, to support peace on the Korean Peninsula is to benefit not only the two Koreas but the world as a whole. Peace can come true only through peaceful means, which is dialogue. It is dialogue, not nuclear arms, that will keep North Korea secure. The same applies to the Republic of Korea as well. It is dialogue, not military forces, that secures peace between the two Koreas. Each otherâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s political system must be mutually respected and guaranteed. This is the foremost and immutable prerequisite for peace. If North Korea takes the path of dialogue, no one would threaten the political system or safety of North Korea. North Korea must believe that every problem will be solved by dialogue and trust its dialogue partners. Trust should be a mutual one. That is a prerequisite for dialogue. The people of the South must believe in dialogue with the North. Those who distrust in dialogue slow down the progress in peace. Every single person on both sides must believe that dialogue is the sole path to peace.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Address by President Moon Jae-in at Riksdag of Sweden “Trust for Denuclearization and Peace on the Korean Peninsula”

Third, the trust of the international society. Over its long history of 5,000 years, Korea has never invaded other countries. In our sad history, we have only aimed firearms at ourselves. The rest of the world is still concerned about an accidental clash and nuclear armament on the Korean Peninsula. In order to mitigate sanctions of the international community, the concern must be dispelled. North Korea must substantially show to the international community its commitment to completely dismantling its nuclear weapons and to establishing a peace regime. Dialogues with the outside world, whether they may be bilateral or multilateral, must go on until North Korea earns the trust of the international community. In addition, North Korea must build peace from inside and prove it, by expediting exchanges and cooperative projects previously agreed to by the two Koreas. The international society will immediately respond if North Korea puts forth sincere efforts. Sanctions will be lifted and the safety of the North will be secured internationally. The Republic of Korea will stand by the North in its efforts to restore the trust of the international community. Moreover, we will enhance the international community’s trust in peace on the Korean Peninsula by thoroughly implementing pledges our commitments enshrined in inter-Korean agreements. Once the two Koreas work together to earn the trust of the international community, more possibilities will become reality. Once the two Koreas develop into a common economic community, with North Korea free from the international sanctions, the Korean Peninsula will facilitate further peace in Northeast Asia, and become a place where Asia’s potential is realized. The South and North can prosper together. The complete denuclearization and the establishment of peace on the Korean Peninsula will become a solid foundation for global non-proliferation of nuclear weapons and disarmament as well as an epitome of resolving international and military conflicts. The two Koreas will contribute to the world peace beyond the Peninsula.

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His Majesty the King, Speaker Norlen, Prime Minister, Riksdag members, and distinguished guests, The Korean War, regarded as the first “hot war in the Cold War era,” cost countless lives of not only the Korean people but also the foreign soldiers who fought in the War. The armistice was reached three years after the war had broken out, yet this tragic war has not ended up to present. The two Koreas have been locked up in the Cold War structure along the Military Demarcation Line (MDL) for approximately 70 years. Efforts toward peace and coexistence were overwhelmed by the Cold War order and repeatedly thwarted. It seemed winter would never leave the Korean Peninsula. However, we have always longed for peace. The peace process on the Korean Peninsula sprouted in the bitterly cold weather during the PyeongChang Winter Olympic Games, and spring days for the Peninsula are now on their way. A verse by Tomas Gösta Tranströmer, a famous Swedish poet and winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature, seems to encourage us today. “It's been a hard winter, but summer is here and the fields want us to walk upright.” As Tranströmer wrote, a warm season is now approaching the Korean Peninsula. We will stride straight toward peace on the Peninsula and thereby not lose the trust of the international community. I look forward to the people of Sweden walking beside us as you have always been for the past seven decades. Thank you for listening. Tack så mycket. (Thank you very much.)

Foreign Policy/National Security

June 14, 2019

Keynote Address by President Moon Jae-in at Sweden-Korea Business Summit State · Official Visit

Your Majesty, Prime Minister Stefan Löfven, Business Sweden's CEO Ylva Berg, Korea International Trade Association Chairman Kim Young-ju and business leaders from Korea and Sweden, I am glad to meet you all. The 60th anniversary of diplomatic relations between our two countries is significant and so is the first state visit to Sweden by a Korean president. I am grateful to you all for your warm welcome. There are many words that come to my mind when thinking about Sweden. They include trust, welfare, education, diversity, equality and nature. A social culture characterized by mutual trust among the people, businesses and the government; a welfare and education philosophy that advocates for the nation being the people's home (folkhemmet); a culture where gender equality and diversity are respected; and beautiful nature where islands and the sea are harmonized – all of these are the aspects of Sweden that have become the envy of the world. More impressive than anything else is the power of the social trust that has helped firmly establish a culture of dialogue and compromise through the Saltsjöbaden Agreement. The citizens reciprocated by displaying trust in their nation, which became the people’s home, and their mutual trust turned into the foundation for innovation and inclusiveness.

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I hope today’s event will also serve as a good opportunity for Korean businesses to think about the power of trust and to share wisdom from innovation and inclusiveness. Our two countries have long forged deep relations. In 1896 when the Joseon Dynasty ruled Korea, Sweden’s Ericsson installed Korea’s first telephone. The grandfather of Your Majesty visited Korea in 1926 and participated in the excavation of Seobongchong (the Tomb of the Auspicious Phoenix) in Gyeongju. When the Korean War broke out in 1950, Sweden demonstrated its love for humanity by dispatching a medical support unit to Busan. Even after the War, the country helped Korea establish the National Medical Center. In addition, it has been working hard for peace on the Korean Peninsula as a member of the Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission at Panmunjeom. Moreover, Your Majesty and Prime Minister Löfven visited Korea several times recently. In particular, Your Majesty came to PyeongChang last year, providing a great boost for the success of the PyeongChang Winter Olympics. Once again, I would like to extend my appreciation. Our two countries have now become crucial economic partners. Bilateral trade has steadily increased since the establishment of diplomatic ties and reached a historic high of US$2.9 billion last year. Bilateral investments have also significantly expanded in recent months. However, it’s too early to be content. Our two countries have potential for even greater economic cooperation. Business leaders from Sweden and Korea, Today, on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of our diplomatic relations, I want to present three directions for economic cooperation to prepare for the future together. First, we should bolster bilateral collaboration by fostering future industries, including biohealth, eco-friendly vehicles and ICT.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Keynote Address by President Moon Jae-in at Sweden-Korea Business Summit

With populations around the world growing increasingly older, demand for pharmaceuticals and medical devices is rising day by day. Notably, the European medical device market is projected to grow 7.4 percent annually until 2020. Having selected biohealth as one of the core new industries, the Korean Government is now spurring development of innovative new pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Korea's share in the European medical device market stands at 28 percent. Biohealth cooperation between Sweden and Korea can help pioneer new markets and contribute to human health. The Swedish pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca has been actively collaborating with Korean medical institutions to develop next-generation cancer treatments. I hope that biohealth cooperation between AstraZeneca and Korea will further develop on the occasion of this state visit. I also look forward to such cooperation being strengthened in various other areas going forward. Our two countries will revise the MOU on healthcare and medical services between Korea and Sweden as part of the efforts to strengthen public-private cooperation in the relevant field. For its part, the Korean Government will render active support so that bilateral investments and cooperation will continue and related projects can succeed. My expectations run high for cooperation in the field of eco-friendly cars as well. Recently, Korean battery maker LG Chem signed a 10 trillion won deal with Swedenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Volvo Cars to supply batteries for its electric vehicles, thereby strengthening cooperation in the next-generation electric vehicle sector. The global eco-friendly car market is growing rapidly. Strategic cooperation between the two companies will serve as an opportunity to dominate the market ahead of others. Our two Governments are prioritizing eco-friendly energy transition policies. Both Governments will provide active support for cooperation between the businesses of our two countries.

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Bilateral ICT cooperation is also promising. Up to the present, companies from our two countries have been working closely together to develop 5G-related communication equipment. As a result, 5G service was able to be commercialized for the first time in the world. When large-scale ICT clusters in Sweden's Kista region are combined with Korea's 5G and other ICT, a great synergy will be generated, which will in turn help pioneer new industries. Our two countries will sign an "MOU on the establishment of an industrial cooperation committee" to form a standing consultative body to continue cooperation in such future industries as biohealth, green cars and ICT. Second, we should establish a startup ecosystem and strengthen cooperation in science and technology. Stockholm is known as the world's leading startup mecca; it is also called the "best unicorn factory in Europe." The Korean Government has also recently expedited startup support by establishing the Ministry of SMEs and Startups as well as by implementing a strategy to promote the second venture boom and a vision for innovative finance. Next year, the Korea Startup Center will open here in Stockholm. I hope that it will serve as a catalyst for further invigorating exchanges among our two countries’ startups. Our countries are not holding back when it comes to investment in future-oriented innovative technologies, so much so that the amount that both countries allocate to R&D as a percentage of GDP is among the highest in the world. Korea has been seeking active R&D cooperation with Sweden through European-led EUREKA, the world’s biggest intergovernmental network for R&D collaboration in the tech field. Last year, Korea became EUREKA’s first non-European partner country, making it possible to expect even more cooperation between our two countries going forward.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Keynote Address by President Moon Jae-in at Sweden-Korea Business Summit

Moreover, an MOU on science and technology cooperation, encompassing responses to fine dust and climate change, will be signed during this visit, which is expected to further revitalize our countries’ joint technological research. Third, we should continue to expand trade and investment. Our two countries placed high priority on international trade early on. We both have open economies and, at the same time, are competitive in overall manufacturing sectors. Consequently, there’s huge potential for bilateral industrial cooperation. We agreed to sign an MOU on cooperation in the areas of trade and investment during this visit. I am looking forward to bilateral trade and investment being further expanded through this MOU. Distinguished business leaders, Sweden has played an extraordinary role in promoting not only innovation and inclusiveness but also peace. Though advocating neutrality, Sweden has put itself at risk while striving to mediate conflicts and devoted itself to world peace. It is also playing a significant role as an impartial arbitrator on the Korean Peninsula, where a state of war has never completely ended. Korea intends to seek exchanges and cooperation with the Eurasian continent and Northern Europe with peace on the Korean Peninsula. When denuclearization and permanent peace are achieved on the Peninsula, economic cooperation between our two countries will expand infinitely. More opportunities will open up for all business leaders here. I heard of a Viking proverb that says, “A bad friend is far away though his cottage is close. To a true friend lies a trodden road though his farm lies far away.” Sweden is a true friend who helped Korea in difficult times. Sweden and Korea are far apart on the western- and easternmost ends of Eurasia, but it feels as if we are in close proximity.

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Korea will work to become a nation of innovation and inclusiveness while learning from Sweden. I reflect on our special friendship as our two countries mark the 60th anniversary of diplomatic ties. May business leaders on both sides continue to cooperate and enjoy success and mutual prosperity over the next 60 years. Tack sĂĽ mycket! Thank you!

Foreign Policy/National Security

June 15, 2019

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-Sweden Summit State · Official Visit

God morgon. Thank you, Prime Minister Löfven and the Swedish people for your warm hospitality that you have shown to myself and my delegation. As we mark the 60th anniversary of diplomatic ties between our two countries, I am very pleased to pay my first state visit to Sweden as President of the Republic of Korea. I hope that my visit will deepen the strong friendship and trust that we have established. This year the Republic of Korea celebrated the 100th anniversary of the March First Independence Movement and establishment of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea. Over the past 100 years, Korea has achieved national independence, economic development, democracy by the power and will of its people. For the next 100 years we are moving forward toward innovative and inclusive nation where everyone prospers together. With its mature political culture, stable labor management relations, world-class innovation competitiveness and impressive welfare system, Sweden is an exemplary nation in all aspects and we take a lot of inspirations from Sweden. It would be fair to say that today's Sweden, the envy of the world, started right here Saltsjobaden. It is very meaningful that I had a meeting with Prime Minister Löfven in this historic place where dialogue, compromise, trust and win-win culture sprouted.

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June 15, 2019

I will never forget the walk we took together before the meeting. The Prime Minister talked in depth about the trust formed between the unions and companies and the people and the Government that led the development and integration of Sweden. I have learned a lot today from the Prime Minister who had been working for long time in the union with the vast experiences of building social trust and he has given me the inspiration and courage. Korea is also actively pursuing social dialogue and compromise to achieve innovation and inclusiveness. Earlier this year, a tripartite commission comprised of the representatives from labor, management and Government signed an agreement for job creation project. Just as social grand compromise started in Saltsjobaden created mature politics and culture of Sweden we see today, I hope the Gwangju job creation project will become a model for dialogue, compromise and growth of Korea. Today the Prime Minister and I have exchanged views on the ways to expand practical cooperation between our two countries, promote peace and prosperity in the region and respond to global issues. We have decided to further strengthen the bilateral cooperation to usher in the future of new prosperity. First, we have decided to expand the horizon of cooperation in science and technology to enhance vitality of innovative growth and together prepare for the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Sweden and Korea boast world-class innovation competitiveness with achievements in science and technology being particularly remarkable. We have decided to further promote exchange among scientists and establish Scientific and Technological Joint Research Cooperation System in which Nordic countries participate. Cooperation between small and medium-sized businesses and startups is a key driver of innovative growth. We have signed an MOU on cooperation in the fields of SMEs and innovation. The Korean Startup Center which will be established in Stocklholm next year will help young generations in both countries develop creativity and the spirit of challenge and thereby start their own businesses. Korea and Sweden are already working together toward a brighter future. 5G communications equipment, bio-health, environmentally friendly car batteries are just some of the new industries that we highly value in bilateral cooperation. We have also agreed to strengthen cooperation in the carbon fusion material industry and the IoT-based convergence industry which are the core industries of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-Sweden Summit

Second, we also discussed the ways to move toward more inclusive society where no one is alienated and fairer society where no one is discriminated against. Prime Minister Per Albin Hansson who led the negotiation for Saltsjobaden agreement once said, here I quote, "in a good home there is equality, consideration, co-operation and helpfulness. Applied to society as a whole, this would require that we break down all the social and economic barriers that now divide citizens into the privileged and those left behind." We learn the wisdom and insights to solve problems resulting from the deepening polarizations that the world is experiencing. Today, Sweden has a social safety net that protects society's weakest and welfare system enjoyed by all citizens. Sweden has continued discussions and made tremendous efforts to resolve conflicts in order to ensure human rights, social equality and gender equality.

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Today, we have shared some of the invaluable experiences and future visions of our two countries have had. Moreover, we signed an MOU for cooperation on gender equality and family policies to lay the institutional foundation and I look forward to active policiy exchange in relevant areas in the future. Third, the two countries have agreed to cooperate closely for the sake of regional peace and prosperity and responses to global issues. Sweden is a friend of Korea that has worked together for peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula. These examples can be found by Sweden's decision to dispatch medical support teams during the Korean War and along with this noble act of kindness Sweden has served as a member of the Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission since the armistice. Recently, the Swedish Government appointed a special envoy to the Korean Peninsula, providing an opportunity for the two Koreas and the U.S. to continue dialogue. Today, the Prime Minister has given his full support and encouragement to my Government's efforts for complete denuclearization and permanent peace on the Korean Peninsula. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the Prime Minister and I hope Sweden will continue to be a partner for peace on the Korean Peninsula. We have also decided to work together to address global challenges, such as climate change, sustainable development, democracy and human rights. After today's meeting, I am confident that our two countries have laid solid foundation for bright future in the coming 60 years. I hope the Prime Minister will visit Korea at his convenient time so that I may return the kindness which you have extended to me this time. Once again, I would like to thank His Majesty the King, Prime Minister and the Swedish people for their warm welcome. Tack sĂĽ mycket. (Thank you very much.)

Foreign Policy/National Security

September 02, 2019

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Republic of Korea-Kingdom of Thailand Summit State Âˇ Official Visit

Sawadee krap (Hello)! I am truly grateful to Prime Minister Prayut and the people of the Kingdom of Thailand for inviting me to make this first visit by a foreign head of state since the launch of your new Administration and for warmly welcoming my delegation and me. Following my inauguration, I sent a special envoy to ASEAN, the first by a Korean president, out of a profound interest in and affection for Southeast Asia. I promised that I would visit all 10 ASEAN member countries during my term in office. It is meaningful for me to fulfill that promise through this trip, starting with a visit to Thailand, the Chair of ASEAN for 2019. Last year, bilateral trade volume reached an all-time high of US$14.1 billion, and the number of people-to-people exchanges between our two countries surpassed 2.36 million. This remarkable advancement of bilateral ties has its roots in the sacrifice of Thailandâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Korean War veterans who were among the first to come to the aid of Korea in a time of adversity. On behalf of the Korean people, I pay tribute to your Korean War veterans. I am confident that relations between our two countries will deepen further based on trust and friendship forged in blood.

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At todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s summit, Prime Minister Prayut and I reached an agreement to substantially strengthen our strategic partnership to jointly usher in a future of peace and mutual prosperity in East Asia. First, we agreed to jointly prepare for the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution by expanding the horizon of bilateral cooperation to cover science and technology as well as new industries. We expressed high regard for the cooperation between our two countries on infrastructure, water management and the environment and agreed to further strengthen collaboration in new industries such as future vehicles, robots and bioengineering. We also came to an agreement to work together to craft a future marked by innovation and inclusiveness by linking the Thailand 4.0 policy, which Prime Minister Prayut is actively pursuing in response to the Fourth Industrial Revolution, and Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s policy for innovative growth. We agreed to further boost bilateral cooperation on the promotion of startups and the digital economy as well as in the development of synchrotron radiation accelerators, a core technology for medicine and the nano industry, and in pure and applied sciences involving research reactors and scientific satellites. In particular, we hope that Korea, the third country in the world to develop a fourthgeneration synchrotron radiation accelerator, will be able to participate in Thailandâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s project to build an accelerator. Second, we two leaders agreed to work together to bring the peoples of our two countries closer. Among the ASEAN member states, Thailand sends the most visitors to Korea, and some 1.8 million Koreans visited Thailand last year. Around 400 Korean businesses presently in Thailand are bringing about common prosperity for our two countries.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Republic of Korea-Kingdom of Thailand Summit

As our two countries are becoming much closer, we agreed to establish an institutional foundation to keep the peoples of our two countries safer while in each other’s countries. Third, we agreed to cooperate more closely for peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula, in East Asia and the rest of the world. I am pleased by the fact that the Korea-Thailand General Security of Military Information Agreement was signed during my visit, and through this, our two countries will work together more solidly in the areas of national defense and the defense industry. I explained the Korean Government’s vision to establish a peace-driven economy through a peace settlement on the Korean Peninsula by achieving denuclearization and, moreover, to create an East Asia of coexistence and prosperity. Prime Minister Prayut has expressed his active support for Korea’s New Southern Policy.

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September 02, 2019

Our two leaders will closely work together so that the ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit and the inaugural Mekong-Korea Summit to be held in Busan this year will serve as an opportunity to deepen friendly cooperation between Korea and ASEAN further. Most of all, the Mekong-Korea Summit will give substance to cooperation at the ACMECS, the Mekong region economic consultative body that is led by Thailand and has Korea as a development partner. In this way, the summit can serve as a catalyst for writing a new chapter in mutually beneficial cooperation between Korea and the Mekong region. I extend my gratitude once more to Prime Minister Prayut and the people of Thailand for your warm hospitality. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m looking forward to seeing you in Busan at the end of this year. Thank you.

Foreign Policy/National Security

September 02, 2019

Keynote Speech by President Moon Jae-in at Thailand-Korea Business Forum State · Official Visit

The Honorable Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha and distinguished guests, Secretary General Duangjai Asawachintachit of the Thailand Board of Investment, Chairman Park Yongmaan of the Korea Chamber of Commerce and Industry and the many business leaders from Thailand and Korea, Sawadee krap (Hello)! I appreciate the warm hospitality of Thailand, the “Land of Smiles.” Thailand is a beautiful and dynamic country. Soaring skylines are lit up against the night sky, and golden temples complement the lights from boisterous night markets – these aspects of Bangkok, the “City of Angels,” impressed me very deeply. Thailand, as a pivotal nation in Indochina, is taking initiative within the Thai baht economic sphere. It is ASEAN’s second largest economic powerhouse with balanced development among primary, secondary and tertiary industries represented by agriculture, manufacturing and tourism. The biggest automotive producer in ASEAN, the number one tourism powerhouse in Southeast Asia and the kitchen of the world – are all still more ways to describe Thailand.

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September 02, 2019

Thailand has not rested on these accomplishments but is stepping up efforts to foster new future industries and promote national development, including through the Thailand 4.0 policy and the Eastern Economic Corridor development plan, with Prime Minister Prayut playing a central role. Through dynamic strength, it’s achieving over 4 percent economic growth even amid the recent slowdown in the global economy. All of you business leaders are the protagonists. I extend my respect and praise for your endeavors. Distinguished guests and business leaders, Our two countries have long forged a relationship that runs deep. An old Korean chronicle records an exchange of envoys between the Thai and Korean medieval kingdoms of Siam and Goryeo in the 14th century. When the Korean War broke out in 1950, Thailand was the second nation in the world to commit to participating – following the United States – and the first from Asia to do so. It was the only Asian country that sent troops from all branches of its armed forces – army, navy and air force. In particular, the Korean people have a special bond to Prime Minister Prayut since he commanded the 21st Royal Thai Regiment, the very unit that fought in the Korean War. Thai warriors – whose bravery earned them the nickname “Little Tigers” – fought and died for a little-known nation in the East. A Thai composer who participated in the Korean War made a song titled “Aridang” and helped introduce Korea to Thailand. Koreans will never forget the debt of gratitude owed to Thailand for the help it lent in a time of difficulty. In 1965, Korea joined in on the construction of Thailand’s first expressway, the PattaniNarathiwat Highway, and our two countries have become crucial economic partners ever since.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Keynote Speech by President Moon Jae-in at Thailand-Korea Business Forum

As recently as a few years ago, the Thai National Taekwondo Team led by Korean coach Choi Young-seok won its first silver medal in Men’s Taekwondo at the Rio 2016 Summer Olympic Games. Hallyu stars hailing from Thailand are also popularly received not only in our two countries but also around the world. Now, more than 2.3 million Koreans and Thais visit each other’s country annually and share cultures. Bilateral trade volume reached an all-time high of US$14 billion last year as well. The Thai people love Hallyu culture, and the Korean people also love Thai cuisine and culture. Some 80,000 Thais who work hard in Korea and around 20,000 Koreans residing in Thailand also help promote mutual understanding between our two countries. Distinguished business leaders from both countries, Shortly after taking office, I unveiled the ASEAN-ROK Future Community Vision with a goal to create a people-centered community of peace where everyone can prosper together. In addition, my Administration is also pushing ahead with the New Southern Policy to promote cooperation by bringing our relations with Thailand and other ASEAN member states up to the same level as those of the four major powers who have their interests on the Korean peninsula. To this end, I promised to visit all 10 ASEAN member states during my term in office, and I'm deeply moved to begin my final leg of the journey here in Bangkok where the first agreement establishing ASEAN was signed. I look forward to Thailand, ASEAN's leading member and chair country, playing a significant role in realizing the ASEAN-ROK Future Community Vision and New Southern Policy. Today, I’d like to underscore the three-pronged approach to forward-looking cooperation that will take our bilateral relations to a new height.

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September 02, 2019

First, our two countries will join forces to respond to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Just a while ago, Prime Minister Prayut and I toured the venue for the “Korea-Thailand Fourth Industrial Revolution Showcase.” We had a test ride in an “e-Tuk Tuk,” a future vehicle that will crisscross downtown Bangkok with a battery pack that has been jointly developed by companies from our two countries. We also met patients who were checking their health with a Korean mobile application at a hospital in Thailand. These occasions were chances for us to experience the future that the two countries will create together. Thailand is now pushing ahead with Thailand 4.0 policy to intensively foster 12 new industries by applying information and communication technology to various industries, including agriculture, manufacturing and service. Korea is also spurring innovative growth and the promotion of three new key industries: system semiconductors, future vehicles and biohealth. With regard to this common goal, our two countries signed an MOU on cooperation concerning the Fourth Industrial Revolution today. We've agreed to work together in new forward-looking industries such as future vehicles, robots and bioengineering. The combination of our two countries’ ability to innovate and technological prowess will create great synergy. Second, we will strengthen our cooperation to build a startup ecosystem. Thailand is a land of opportunity for startups. It is home to an outstanding startup ecosystem with such features as a smart visa program; a private technology incubator; and the startup collaboration space HUBBA, the largest of its kind in Southeast Asia. Thai and Korean startups are also expanding their cooperation. In December last year, a private venture joint fund was established and is now investing in startups in both countries. On the occasion of this visit, an MOU on cooperation between startups will also be signed. I’ve heard good news about a number of deals concluded between startups from both countries which participated in today’s Fourth Industrial Revolution Showcase.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Keynote Speech by President Moon Jae-in at Thailand-Korea Business Forum

The number of startups in Thailand is growing considerably, having increased approximately 30-fold in the last five years. The number of innovative startups in Korea has also reached a new high. With nine unicorn enterprises, Korea is ranked sixth in the world in that regard. When exchanges and mutual investments expand between startups in our two countries, it will serve as a great opportunity for both sides. In a short time, Brand K, a nationally certified trademark for SMEs in Korea, will be launched in Bangkok. With both countriesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; distributors jointly utilizing Hallyu, innovative, high-quality products from SMEs in Korea will become more readily available to both Korean and Thai consumers. Third, we will work together for a free and fair world trade order. Market opening and free trade were driving forces behind Thailand and Korea â&#x20AC;&#x201C; once poor farming countries â&#x20AC;&#x201C; emerging as manufacturing powerhouses that represent Asia. Confronting the protectionism that tends to increase uncertainty in the global economy and cause downward shifts in equilibrium is a duty for our two countries which have benefited from free trade. Thailand and Korea will cooperate to conclude the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership negotiation as soon as possible. We will also pool our strengths to strongly support an open, inclusive and transparent multilateral trade system based on rules. Korea will also actively participate in the cooperation among the countries in the Mekong region. Thailand is taking the initiative within ACMECS, the Mekong region economic consultative body, and is leading regional economic cooperation. Korea took part in ACMECS as a development partner in May and intends to pursue cooperative projects worth US$1 million a year by forming a ROK-Mekong Cooperation Fund.

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September 02, 2019

This coming November, the ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit and the Mekong-Korea Summit will be held in Busan. I hope that they will serve as a precious milestone in Korea and the Mekong nations’ quest for common prosperity. The Honorable Prime Minister Prayut, distinguished guests and business leaders from our two countries, In June, a meeting between U.S. President Donald Trump and North Korean Chairman Kim Jong Un successfully took place in Panmunjeom, the symbol of division between the two Koreas. For the first time in history, a sitting U.S. president stepped onto North Korean soil. I believe that both the United States and North Korea are solidly committed to dialogue. There are also high expectations for a third North Korea-U.S. summit. If permanent peace materializes on the Korean Peninsula, it will also be very rewarding for Thailand, a country which fought in the Korean War. In Korea’s Liberation Day speech on August 15, I spoke of a peace-driven economy on the Korean Peninsula, in which peace creates new growth engines and economic growth sustains peace. When peace is established on the Peninsula, a new horizon for economic cooperation between our two countries will emerge and more opportunities will be available for all you business leaders. I heard there’s a Thai saying about a true friend being like immutable gold. Thailand is a true friend to Korea as it gave a helping hand when Korea was in need. Even amid the rapidly changing environment, friendship between our two countries will continue like immutable gold and remain valuable for a long time to come. Khop khun khrap! (Thank you)

Foreign Policy/National Security

September 03, 2019

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Republic of Korea-Republic of the Union of Myanmar Summit State · Official Visit

Mingalaba (Hello)! I’d like to extend my heartfelt sympathy and consolation to the people of Myanmar who sustained huge losses from torrential rains in the State of Mon last month. I am wholeheartedly grateful to State Counsellor Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and President U Win Myint as well as the people of Myanmar for welcoming my delegation and me with warm smiles even in this difficult time. Korea has a history of receiving enormous help from Myanmar. During the Korean War, Myanmar provided rice worth US$50,000 at that time and, through this, reached out with warm hearts to war-stricken Koreans. Korea was able to surmount adversity with assistance from the international community, including Myanmar. Now the Korean people are poised to return the favor from the kind-hearted people of Myanmar with “Than Yaw Zin.” Today, State Counsellor Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and I reached an agreement to work together in such various areas as the economy, culture and development along with the people of our two countries who are connected through a heart-to-heart understanding. We also discussed concrete measures to usher in a future of prosperity.

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In addition, we agreed to a three-pronged approach to progress while appreciating the fact that Myanmar’s Sustainable Development Plan and Korea’s New Southern Policy would create synergy in many areas as they are pursuing the common values of people, peace and prosperity. First, we agreed to establish infrastructure and the institutional foundation needed to efficiently expand bilateral economic cooperation. The Korea-Myanmar Industrial Complex – one project emblematic of our two countries’ economic cooperation – will help facilitate Korean companies' investments in Myanmar and make significant contributions to our shared growth. Thanks to considerate assistance from the Myanmar Government, a one-stop service center will be established in the industrial complex. I expect that the center will greatly help Korean businesses advance into the country and increase their investments. The Korea Desk, to be set up within the Myanmar Government on the occasion of this visit, will deal exclusively with difficulties facing Korean companies. The Korea-Myanmar joint committee on trade and industrial cooperation, a ministerial-level economic consultative body, will help lay a stable institutional foundation for joint economic projects.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Republic of Korea-Republic of the Union of Myanmar Summit

Second, our two countries agreed to promote mutual prosperity through active cooperation in the development sector. Korea has raised its Economic Development Cooperation Fund contribution to Myanmar to US$1 billion, further building the foundation for stable developmental cooperation. In addition, Korea's experience with economic development will be shared with the Myanmar Development Institute and the Myanmar Trade Promotion Organization. We two leaders spoke highly of the fact that the Myanmar Saemaul Undong Project backed by the Korean Government has assisted progress in rural communities in Myanmar and become an exemplary case of mutually beneficial cooperation between our two countries. We also agreed to enhance rural development projects. In addition, we came to an agreement to further expand environmental cooperation, the nurturing of technology professionals, scholarship projects and the provision of school buses. Third, our two countries agreed to closely cooperate for peace and prosperity in the region. The Myanmar Government has shown active support whenever the Korean Peninsula peace process made a step forward, including through the inter-Korean summits and the North Korea-U.S. summits. Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;d like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude once more. We two leaders shared an understanding that concerted efforts from the international community are important for the complete denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and the settlement of peace. We also agreed to work together going forward. I understand that the Myanmar Government, too, is striving to achieve reconciliation among different ethnic groups, for example, by solving the Rakhine State issue as well as national integration, making the Myanmar peace process the countryâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s top priority. I hope that our two countries will make progress together while helping each other. Most of all, State Counsellor Daw Aung San Suu Kyi said she would actively cooperate for the success of the ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit and the inaugural Mekong-Korea Summit to be held in Busan in November.

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It was gratifying to learn that the Buddhist relics in Bagan, Myanmar, and Korea’s “seowon”, neo-Confucian academies, were listed together as World Heritage by UNESCO in July. The more closely Myanmar and Korea work together going forward, the more joyful events we can celebrate. I hope that the summit today will set a new milestone for the progress in the Korea-Myanmar relations ahead of the 45th anniversary of diplomatic ties between our two nations next year. Thank you.

Foreign Policy/National Security

September 05, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Ceremony in Laos to Unveil “Republic of Korea-Mekong Vision” State · Official Visit

President Bounnhang and distinguished guests, I am pleased to join President Bounnhang on a tour of part of the Mekong River Integrated Management Project, a symbol of the friendship between our two countries. The Mekong is the lifeblood of Indochina, and just as its name indicates, it is the “Mother of All Rivers” – evenly nourishing the countries along its banks. In particular, it is truly meaningful to be able to discuss the future that Korea and the Mekong will paint together in Laos, the country that embraces the river over the longest stretches. Korea and the Mekong nations have walked similar paths throughout history. We all rose above the pain of colonial rule and achieved growth, preserving our own survival and dignity while stuck between major powers during the Cold War. Korea rose from the post-war ruins and accomplished the Miracle on the Hangang River. Mekong nations are leading the Asian economy, posting a high economic growth rate of more than 6 percent annually.

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The entire world is now paying attention to the development of Mekong region. Dynamism, growth potential and â&#x20AC;&#x201C; more than anything else â&#x20AC;&#x201C; the spirit of mutual respect shared by the Mekong nations will bring a new future to the global village. Korea hopes to prosper with the Mekong countries and see the Miracle on the Hangang lead to the Miracle on the Mekong River. To this end, I propose today a three-pronged approach to common prosperity with the Mekong countries. The first is to achieve prosperity that shares our experiences. Korea has rich experience in terms of rural development. As part of the efforts to help the Mekong countries generate economic growth engines on the strength of rural development, Korea is providing support for relevant projects in the region with the Korea International Cooperation Agency playing a pivotal role. We will share our vision to nurture talented individuals and future growth. We will also share technologies to jointly promote industrial development and respond to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Korea will actively share its development experiences through cooperation between the Korea Development Institute and the Myanmar Development Institute, the Korea TradeInvestment Promotion Agency and the Myanmar Trade Promotion Organization, and the Korea Institute of Science and Technology and the Vietnam-Korea Institute of Science and Technology. The second is to promote sustainable prosperity. When we protect the Mekong River from climate change and natural disasters and utilize its abundant living resources to achieve green growth through bioengineering and medical science, it will lead to sustainable development in the region. While pursuing cross-border cooperation to help preserve biodiversity in the Mekong region, Korea will also cooperate on forest conservation and water resources management.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Ceremony in Laos to Unveil “Republic of Korea-Mekong Vision”

The third is to promote peace and mutual prosperity in East Asia. Countries in the Mekong region are strengthening connectivity for common prosperity. Korea is also pursuing common prosperity through international cooperation on an equal footing. Development gaps must be reduced for the advance of the region, and to this end, various infrastructures have to be built first. Korea will assist the construction of roads, bridges, railroads and ports within the Mekong countries and work together to bolster connectivity. Korea wishes to partner with Mekong nations for peace and prosperity, moving beyond economic cooperation. Building upon infrastructure construction, agricultural and ICT cooperation and human resource development, Korea will expand mutual understanding through people-to-people exchanges and cultural and tourism collaboration and work together for peace in ASEAN as well. In Busan this coming November, the inaugural Mekong-Korea Summit will be held together with the ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit. I hope that these summits will provide an opportunity to evaluate the path that Mekong countries and Korea have walked together over the past decade and discuss more deeply the Mekong Vision shared today. Today, President Bounnhang and I will plant a Mai Kha nhung tree. The tree’s name means “useful to the people,” and in the same vein, I hope that Korea-Mekong cooperation will be carried out in a way that is conducive to all the people in the Mekong region. Thank you.

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June 28, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at First Session of 14th G20 Summit in Osaka, Japan Multilateral Summits

Thank you, Mr. Chairman. The G20 has worked hard for a “human-centered future society.” The Korean Government’s visions of a “people-centered economy” and an “innovative, inclusive nation” are in line with the G20’s goals. Over the past two years, Korea has striven to create a country where all people prosper together based on the two pillars of “innovation” and “inclusiveness.” In order to respond to the socioeconomic divide, low birthrate and aging population, my Administration has focused on efforts to enhance economic “inclusiveness” by strengthening the employment and social safety nets, increasing childcare support and expanding national health insurance coverage. My Administration has focused on the spirit of “innovation” in an attempt to prevent low growth from entrenched through such efforts as innovating manufacturing and fostering new industries, fueling a second venture boom and promoting innovative finance.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Consequently, positive changes have occurred. Investments in new business ventures and the number of newly established corporations have registered record highs. For the first time in the world, 5G commercial service has been launched. As such, an atmosphere conducive to innovation and taking on challenges is becoming widespread. The percentage of lowwage workers has dropped to the lowest ever, and the wage gap among employees has been narrowed. Increases in the number of people employed, which has been slow for a while, have recently indicated signs of recovery. Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s economic scope has also broadened with per capita income now at US$30,000 and trade surpassing US$1 trillion. Still, cooperation with the international community is indispensable for achieving the vision of the innovative, inclusive nation. The world is now facing new challenges. Uncertainties and downside risks in the global economy are on the rise. Some are voicing concern that itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s become difficult to even forecast the future as the "new abnormal" age dawns over the "new normal" age when low growth was entrenched. The IMF and OECD have recently lowered their outlooks for global economic growth, citing trade disputes and the spread of protectionist moves as the main reasons.

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Now, the G20 needs to exercise its leadership again. These challenges cannot be tackled by individual countries acting on their own. We have to find a way out of the "prisoner's dilemma," in which the global economy is being pushed toward a "contractionary equilibrium" due to trade disputes. We must move toward an "expansionary equilibrium" where free trade can benefit all. I hope that the G20 can play a pivotal role in this regard. In addition, G20 member states have to preemptively respond to the downside risks of the global economy. The Korean Government is also working hard for expansionary fiscal management. Meanwhile, in response to uncertainties in the market, it is very important to solidify the global financial safety net. Most of all, the IMF should secure enough lending capacity to make it a seawall in times of crisis. All countries must pitch in to stabilize the financial market, including measures to shore up foreign exchange markets. We all have to join forces to reform the World Trade Organization in a way that favors fair trade. Korea supports reforming the WTO for a free and fair trade order and will actively participate in relevant G20 discussions. Thank you.

Foreign Policy/National Security

June 29, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in as Lead Speaker at Third Session of 14th G20 Summit in Osaka, Japan Multilateral Summits

Thank you, Mr. Chairman. In order for us to create a â&#x20AC;&#x153;human-centered future societyâ&#x20AC;? together, we should reduce inequality and pursue inclusive and sustainable growth. When it comes to such issues as inequality, the socioeconomic divide and aging population, in particular, a single nation acting alone cannot find solutions. Before the situation gets even worse, we must all gather our strength and employ preemptive measures. I believe now is the time for the Group of 20 to shoulder a stronger sense of responsibility and duty for humanity. Sharing policy cases makes a good starting point for cooperation. Aiming to overcome issues linked to its socioeconomic divide and aging population, Korea has unveiled a strategy to become an inclusive nation for coexistence and mutual benefit. The Korean Government is also expanding the social safety net in such areas as employment, welfare and healthcare.

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June 29, 2019

Starting next year, a Korean-style unemployment allowance will be introduced. It addresses blind spots where unemployed young people, women having trouble restarting their careers and microbusiness owners are ineligible for employment insurance benefits. The employment support services and income subsidies will be expanded for all job seekers from low-income families. Importantly for women, my Government will make utmost efforts to improve their social participation, address career discontinuity and create more jobs. A concrete roadmap has also been put in place to help realize sustainable development goals. Korea is joining global efforts as well. As part of the endeavors to assist with sustainable development in developing countries, Korea plans to more than double its ODA volume by 2030. In addition, Korea will implement people-centered development policies, thereby raising its contributions to social values and the environment. I'd like to note that the G20 has taken a huge step forward by endorsing the Principles for Quality Infrastructure Investment. A majority of countries are dealing with challenges posed by aging populations. International cooperation regarding population aging has to be strengthened further, given the economic consequences for the world and individual nations – namely, shrinking working-age populations, weakening growth potentials, worsening socioeconomic divides and increasing financial burdens. It should be noted in particular that the chair country has been paying keen attention to demographic changes and the issue of population aging. A G20 report on population aging, which has been issued for the first time, is a truly meaningful achievement. Its effectiveness could increase further still if – at the G20 level – comparative research on the statistics and policies related to population aging were conducted. If population aging is an inevitable future, we need to initiate a creative paradigm shift to turn it into a new opportunity. First of all, domestic policies for labor structure reform from a macroscopic view are necessary in each member country to respond to demographic changes. Increasing women’s economic participation is all the more important.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in as Lead Speaker at Third Session of 14th G20 Summit in Osaka, Japan

International discussions and cooperation will further assist these efforts. I support the fact that the G20 report on population aging stresses cooperation between countries. Distinguished heads of state, There is another place where fundamental changes in perceptions, creativity and international cooperation are desperately required. That is the Korean Peninsula, which is now ushering in an era of peace overcoming a 70-year-long Cold War structure and division. There has been a lot of progress over the past one and half years thanks to full support and backing from the international community. The leaders of the two Koreas and the United States have met each other face to face and continue to exchange personal letters, advancing the peace process on the Peninsula. I express special thanks to the United States, Japan, China and Russia for fulfilling their responsibilities and roles to achieve complete denuclearization and the settlement of peace on the Korean Peninsula while demonstrating unwavering commitment to dialogue and negotiation. Peace is the cornerstone of sustainable development. The era of a peace-driven economy on the Korean Peninsula â&#x20AC;&#x201C; when peace leads to economic development, which in turn further solidifies peace â&#x20AC;&#x201C; will bring benefits to all. I am confident that it will provide a new growth engine for the economy not only on the Korean Peninsula but also in Northeast Asia and the rest of the world. When diverse channels of dialogue and cooperation are up and running, as seen in Prime Minister Abeâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s recent proposal for a North Korea-Japan summit without any conditions, there will be a growing understanding that peace can bring mutual stability and economic benefits and serve individual interests. I hope that we G20 leaders will be able to pool our wisdom and resolve for the sustainable development of humanity. Thank you.

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September 23, 2019

Address by President Moon Jae-in at Preparation Event for P4G Summit Multilateral Summits

Prime Minister Frederiksen and distinguished guests, I would like to extend my gratitude to you for joining us in this event to prepare for the Partnering for Green Growth and the Global Goals 2030 (P4G) Summit. This year marks the 60th anniversary of diplomatic ties between the Kingdom of Denmark and the Republic of Korea and is also the KoreaDenmark Cultural Year. In this year that commemorates our longstanding relations, I am very pleased that our two nations’ governments and private sectors can discuss actions to achieve sustainable development together. First of all, I congratulate the Kingdom of Denmark on the successful launch of its new Government. The new Danish Government’s active endeavors for climate change responses and sustainable development deeply impress the people of Korea, a strategic partner and green growth ally for Denmark. I pay tribute to Prime Minister Frederiksen’s flexible and dynamic leadership.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Distinguished guests, Today at the United Nations Climate Action Summit, I officially declared that the Republic of Korea will host the second P4G Summit next year. The Kingdom of Denmark has sought a transition to renewable energy since the 1970s and has presented a national vision to phase out fossil fuels completely by 2050. Thanks to the pioneering efforts of Denmark, which is taking the lead in responding to climate change and sustainable development tasks, the P4G Summit has been able to continue. Denmark and Korea worked together to establish the Green Climate Fund and the Global Green Growth Institute, which are headquartered in Korea. Our two countries stand together in the implementation of the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals as well. Next year, the decade of action for decarbonization will commence. Korea, too, will take part with its action and implementation. Through the second P4G Summit, we will make efforts to ensure that the achievement in the first P4G Summit held last year in Denmark will be further deepened and developed, thereby leading to practical action and success. I look forward to Denmarkâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s proactive cooperation with its experience gained in advance.

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September 23, 2019

The Republic of Korea is drawing up programs to further promote and enhance the basic spirit of P4G – participation and action. First, we will make the next summit an event to bring together professionals as well as representatives from businesses and civil organizations related to the environmental industry and climate change. During the first P4G Summit, a total of 17 public-private partnerships were selected for the accomplishment of the Global Goals. This year, 18 public-private partnerships, where Korean companies and institutions participated, were selected. Though it is only launched last year, we have witnessed such achievements as the expanding scope of collaboration among increasingly diverse partners. The event where private-sector entities will participate on the sidelines of next year’s summit will offer a great opportunity to introduce outstanding environmental technologies to participating governments and private-sector partners as well as to exchange technologies among businesses. Second, we plan to adopt a “Seoul Declaration” by fleshing out differentiated goals and strategies in five sectors such as water, food and agriculture, energy, cities and circular economy. In the first P4G Summit, the Copenhagen Commitment to Action was adopted. We will upgrade and give more details to the Copenhagen Commitment to Action through the Seoul Declaration. In addition, we will initiate discussions on responses to fine dust, smart cities and the participation of youth and women. The issues of heat waves, floods, typhoons and poor air quality caused by global warming and climate change have now become serious enough problems to be called “climate crises.” All of the countries around the world should now join forces to formulate concrete goals and strategies and take “extraordinary actions.” As the host country, Korea will do everything to create a turning point where all of humanity can take action together and put these goals and strategies into practice.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Address by President Moon Jae-in at Preparation Event for P4G Summit

Distinguished guests, The Republic of Korea will fulfill its responsibility in responding to climate change and present a growth model for sustainable development, thereby taking the lead in searching for a path toward common prosperity for humanity. During the process of growing from a developing country into a responsible middle power, Korea gained experience pursuing green growth and sustainable development. Sharing our experience, Korea will support sustainable growth in developing countries by linking P4G with the Green Climate Fund and the Global Green Growth Institute. The Republic of Korea proposed the Peace Forest Initiative at the meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the U.N. Convention to Combat Desertification. It is intended to seek joint responses to environmental pollution in border areas through a border commission. As with the case of East and West Germany that achieved peace by building long-term trust, forest cooperation will be a driving force behind the promotion of peace. Such challenging tasks as climate change responses and sustainable development can certainly be resolved if we share burdens and pull together. I feel confident that Korea will be able to successfully host the second P4G Summit since Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s special friend Denmark and all of you are standing with us. We will encourage various businesses and civil organizations to participate in a P4G partnership by strengthening the domestic P4G platform in Korea. The month of June in Korea is a beautiful time that bids farewell to spring and welcomes summer as spring and summer flowers blossom in harmony. I look forward to seeing you again in Seoul next June. Thank you.

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September 24, 2019

Address by President Moon Jae-in at 74th Session of United Nations General Assembly Multilateral Summits

Thanks to the dedication of the United Nations and all the member states, many of the world’s problems have been solved, and your efforts toward peace are coming to fruition. I would like to convey my deepest respect and appreciation. Let me offer my congratulations to Ambassador Tijjani Muhammad Bande on assuming the Presidency of the General Assembly. I am confident that, under his outstanding leadership, the 74th session of the General Assembly will become a catalyst for promoting multilateral cooperation. The United Nations and the Korean Peninsula share the same goal of “sustaining peace.” I would like to pay tribute to the endeavors of Secretary-General António Guterres to sustain peace through a virtuous cycle of peace and development.

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Distinguished President, Secretary-General and representatives from member states, The commitment of the United Nations to the peace of all people and â&#x20AC;&#x153;Sustainable Development Goalsâ&#x20AC;? will certainly bear fruit. The world is joining forces to help each other in disaster and emergency relief operations as well as in peacekeeping efforts. The United Nations must continue to play a central role in fostering cooperation within the international community. The Republic of Korea is a country that has benefited immensely from the United Nations. It was liberated from colonial rule in the year of UNâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s inception. It was able to overcome the scourge of war with the assistance of the United Nations and the international community. Carrying a sense of responsibility commensurate with the progress it has made, Korea is now working together with the international community to bring about peace and prosperity in East Asia and the whole world. The Olympic Truce resolution adopted in November 2017 by the United Nations gave a big help to Korea once more. In accordance with the resolution, the joint military exercises between the Republic of Korea and the United States that had been planned for the spring of 2018 were suspended, which helped create an environment that allowed the North Korean Olympic delegation to come to PyeongChang.

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September 24, 2019

The PyeongChang Olympic Winter Games, in spite of initial concerns over security, was transformed into a Peace Olympics. It also served as an invaluable opportunity to resume dialogue between the two Koreas. Inter-Korean talks subsequently led to dialogue between the United States and North Korea. Decisions made by President Donald Trump and Chairman Kim Jong Un provided the momentum behind the dramatic change in the situation on the Korean Peninsula. Compared to the past in which it took only a few rounds of gunfire to instigate major political unrest, the Korean Peninsula has undergone a distinct change. The negotiating table for peace on the Peninsula still remains accessible. The two Koreas and the United States are setting their sights not only on denuclearization and peace, but also on the economic cooperation that will follow thereafter. The Republic of Korea intends to create a â&#x20AC;&#x153;peace economyâ&#x20AC;? whereby peace can lead to economic cooperation, which, in turn, will reinforce peace, all working in a virtuous cycle. The examples of how the European Coal and Steel Community and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe had a positive impact on peace and prosperity within Europe present a fine model for us to emulate. Peace on the Korean Peninsula remains an ongoing challenge, and peace on the Peninsula and in the whole world are inextricably linked to each other. The Republic of Korea will continue dialogue with North Korea and will find and make a way toward complete denuclearization and permanent peace while maintaining cooperation with UN member states. Distinguished President, Secretary-General and representatives from member states, Peace can only be created through dialogue. Peace can be considered as genuine when underpinned by agreements and law, and only peace that has been accomplished on the basis of trust will last.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Address by President Moon Jae-in at 74th Session of United Nations General Assembly

Over the past year and a half, dialogue and negotiations have produced significant results on the Korean Peninsula. Panmunjeom, which used to be a symbol of division, has now become a demilitarized area in which not even a single pistol exists. The two Koreas withdrew guard posts inside the Demilitarized Zone, thereby transforming the DMZ, the very symbol of confrontation, into a peace zone worthy of its name. In the past, unceasing breaches of the Armistice Agreement had raised military tensions and at times escalated the threat of war, but not a single confrontation has occurred since the inter-Korean comprehensive military agreement was signed on September 19 last year. What I would like to inform you about in particular is the fact that a total of 177 sets of remains have been recovered so far from Arrowhead Ridge, site of the fiercest battle of the Korean War waged between South Korean and UN troops on one side and those of North Korea and China on the other. Besides the remains of South Korean soldiers, those presumed to belong to soldiers from the United States, China, France and the British Commonwealth have also been retrieved. Sixty-six years after the War, three sets of South Korean soldiersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; remains with confirmed identities have been returned to their families. This is a truly rewarding achievement that was made possible by the efforts to build peace. These efforts have also made it possible for President Trump to become the first sitting American president to cross the Military Demarcation Line and set foot on North Korean soil. The easing of military tensions and solid trust among the leaders of both Koreas and the United States set the stage for a momentous trilateral meeting at Panmunjeom. President Trumpâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s action in taking Chairman Kim's hand and stepping over the Military Demarcation Line was, in itself, a declaration of the true beginning of a new era of peace. It was a remarkable step that will go down in the history of peace on the Korean Peninsula and in Northeast Asia. I hope both leaders will take yet another huge step from there. The principles that I have firmly held on to in the course of resolving issues related to the Korean Peninsula remain unchanged. The first principle is zero tolerance for war. Korea is still in a state of armistice; the War has yet to come to an end. The tragedy of war should never be repeated on the Korean Peninsula. To this end, we must put an end to the longest-running armistice in human history and achieve a complete end to the War.

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September 24, 2019

The second principle is a mutual security guarantee. South Korea will guarantee the security of North Korea. I hope North Korea will do the same for South Korea. When the security of both sides is assured, it will become possible to accelerate denuclearization and the establishment of a peace regime on the Korean Peninsula. At the very least, all hostile acts must be put on hold while the dialogue is ongoing. I hope that the international community will also work together to alleviate the security concerns on the Korean Peninsula. The third principle is co-prosperity. Peace does not simply mean the absence of conflict. Genuine peace is all about enhancing mutual inclusiveness and interdependence while working together for co-prosperity. A peace economy in which the two Koreas take part will solidify peace on the Peninsula and at the same time contribute to economic development in East Asia and the whole world. Today, based on these three principles, which are in complete accord with the values upheld by the United Nations, I would like to propose to the United Nations and all the member states the idea of transforming the Demilitarized Zone that cuts across the midriff of the Korean Peninsula into an international peace zone. The DMZ is a colossal green zone that stretches 250 km from east to west and 4 km from north to south. Its borders define a tragedy spawned by 70 years of military confrontation, but paradoxically, it has become a pristine ecological treasure trove. It has also become a symbolic space steeped in history, which embraces both the tragedy of division as embodied by the Joint Security Area, guard posts and barbed-wire fences as well as the yearning for peace. The DMZ is the common heritage of humankind and its value must be shared with the whole world. Once peace is established between the two Koreas, I will work together with North Korea to inscribe the DMZ as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. If we designate the area connecting Panmunjeom and Gaeseong in North Korea as a Peace and Cooperation District and transform it into a zone where both Koreas and the international community can jointly explore the path to prosperity on the Korean Peninsula, - and if the DMZ comes to house UN offices already stationed in the two Koreas and other international organizations related to peace, ecology and culture and emerge as a center for research on peace, peacekeeping, arms control and trust building - it can become an international peace zone in name as well as substance.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Address by President Moon Jae-in at 74th Session of United Nations General Assembly

Approximately 380,000 anti-personnel mines are laid in the DMZ, and it is expected to take 15 years for South Korean troops to remove them on their own. However, cooperation with the international community, including the United Nations Mine Action Service, will not only guarantee the transparency and stability of demining operations, but also instantly turn the DMZ into an area of international cooperation. If North Korea makes sincere efforts to implement denuclearization, the international community should also reciprocate. The establishment of an international peace zone will provide an institutional and realistic guarantee to North Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s security. At the same time, South Korea will also be able to gain permanent peace. Chairman Kim Jong Un and I agreed on the peaceful use of the DMZ, and on-site inspections on the current state of North Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s railroads were conducted after the two Koreas embarked on the reconnection of the severed railroads and roads. In addition, the groundbreaking ceremony for their reconnection and modernization has already taken place. All of these efforts constitute a process that will help solidify the foundation for peace on the Korean Peninsula and also contribute to peace and stability in Northeast Asia. When the DMZ that cuts across the midriff of the Korean Peninsula is turned into a peace zone, the Peninsula will evolve into a bridging nation that connects the continent and the ocean and facilitates peace and prosperity. The vision of an East Asian Railroad Community in which six Northeast Asian countries and the United States take part could also become reality. Distinguished President, Secretary-General and representatives from countries around the world, In the aftermath of the Second World War, East Asia has made historically unprecedented progress through close mutual exchanges, division of labor and economic cooperation by overcoming the pain of invasion and colonial rule. The free trade order marked by fair competition has served as its very foundation. We will be able to make further progress when we cooperate while safeguarding the values of free and fair trade upon the foundation of an earnest self-reflection on past history.

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The Republic of Korea intends to expand a people-centered community of mutual prosperity throughout the Korean Peninsula, East Asia and the whole of Asia by working in partnership with our neighbors. The ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit and the Mekong-Korea Summit to be held in Busan, Korea, in November will serve as an opportunity to lay the foundation in this sense. The Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations and the Paris Agreement on climate change are major tasks that we must achieve through multilateral cooperation. After formulating our own mechanism for the implementation of sustainable development goals (K-SDGs), we are channeling considerable efforts into their implementation as we had pledged to the international community. We enacted related laws, such as the Sustainable Development Act; the Framework Act on Low Carbon, Green Growth; and the Framework Act on International Development Cooperation, and established a Presidential Commission on Sustainable Development to ensure institutional implementation of the goals. The Republic of Korea has dispatched 17,000 military personnel for UN peacekeeping operations to date and has stood together with people around the world who suffer from diseases and natural disasters. Korea supports the Action for Peacekeeping (A4P) initiative and the Declaration of Shared Commitments led by Secretary-General AntĂłnio Guterres, and we will assist the virtuous cycle of peace and development by increasing the volume of our Official Development Assistance. In particular, Korea will actively participate in the implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security, which will mark its 20th anniversary next year, and the Elsie Initiative for Women in Peace Operations that had been adopted in Vancouver in 2017. We will also host the next Peacekeeping Ministerial in Korea in 2021. The Republic of Korea will host the second round of the P4G Summit: Partnering for Green Growth and the Global Goals 2030 next year. The second P4G Summit will serve as an opportunity to strengthen the international communityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s solidarity for the implementation of the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals. I hope that many stakeholders from governments, international organizations, businesses and civil society will take interest and participate.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Address by President Moon Jae-in at 74th Session of United Nations General Assembly

This year is very special for Korea. One hundred years ago, the Korean people launched the March First Independence Movement against Japan’s colonial rule and established the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea. After one hundred years, Korea is now leading the efforts to achieve peaceful coexistence and equality based on love for humanity. Korea will continue to fulfill its responsibility and role in realizing the United Nations’ goals of peace, human rights and sustainable development while standing together with the international community. We will also work together to ensure that the United Nations’ ultimate goals of international peace and security are realized on the Korean Peninsula. I hope that the international community’s support and cooperation will enable the miracle of swords being turned into plowshares to take place on the Korean Peninsula. Thank you.

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November 04, 2019

Concluding Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at ASEAN Plus Three Summit Multilateral Summits

Honorable Chairman, thank you. Leaders of member states, At every critical moment when the region faced challenges, the ASEAN Plus Three countries have responded with cooperation. Besides the spread of protectionism, there are a host of tasks that require our close collaboration with regard to terrorism, climate change, disaster management and the nurturing of future leaders. Today, I would like to speak with you about ways to cooperate for sustainable development and Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s role. First, we have to further advance the cooperative mechanism that will help us jointly respond to diverse crises. Such transnational challenges as terrorism, climate change and disasters have emerged as major risk factors in densely populated Asia in particular. The ASEAN Plus Three nations should exercise leadership in regard to issues that are difficult for individual countries to resolve on their own.

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ASEAN has put in place the “ASEAN Plus Three Cooperation Work Plan 2018-2022” to respond to cross-border crises, and Korea has actively participated. I hope what it achieves will be reviewed and improved every year to enhance its effectiveness. I also propose that the East Asia Vision Group III that was raised by Malaysia and Thailand also include research on practical measures. Going forward, Korea will continue to make active contributions to meeting the challenges facing Asia in a concerted manner and upgrade joint response capabilities. Second, we should redouble our efforts to cultivate future leaders. The “Asian spirit” holds in esteem harmony with nature and human values. It can help resolve climate and environmental issues as well as usher in a people-centered future. Nurturing talented individuals in Asia is nourishing hopes for the future. Korea is expanding its invitational training programs for science and engineering majors and vocational training teachers from ASEAN. In particular, we’ve doubled the number of Korean universities participating in the ASEAN International Mobility for Students Programme (AIMS) this year. From next year, we will further expand our joint efforts to nurture human resources by implementing the Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) program that invites vocational training teachers and students from ASEAN member states. I hope that increased investments in future generations will help accelerate the building of a “people-centered East Asian Community.” Third, we need to further strengthen Asian connectivity. A variety of ideas are being discussed with the aim of enhancing connectivity for the sake of regional peace and prosperity in East Asia. Korea has been working to strengthen Asian connectivity by pursuing the New Southern Policy, and I have visited all 10 ASEAN member states to seek cooperation. Based on the principles of openness, inclusiveness, transparency and respect for international norms, we are also working to coordinate our Policy with various other regional initiatives.

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November 04, 2019

I welcome the adoption of the ASEAN Plus Three Leaders' Statement on Connecting the Connectivities Initiative. The stronger the interconnection and cooperation between ASEAN and Korea, China and Japan, the more the vision of an “East Asian Community” becomes attainable. Leaders of member states, The Korean Peninsula peace process has made significant progress thanks to ASEAN’s support and cooperation. Guard posts in the Demilitarized Zone have been removed and the remains of fallen soldiers are being excavated. With the complete demilitarization of the Joint Security Area, the historic meeting among the leaders of the two Koreas and the United States took place at Panmunjeom, where President Donald Trump became the first U.S. president to step over the Military Demarcation Line. However, it can never be easy to resolve prolonged confrontation and hostility. Fortunately, the trust shared by the leaders of the United States and North Korea remains unchanged along with their commitment to dialogue. Working-level negotiations and a third summit between North Korea and the United States might prove the most crucial stage in the entire process of achieving denuclearization and establishing peace on the Korean Peninsula. Building upon permanent peace on the Korean Peninsula, Korea aims to contribute to peace and prosperity in Northeast Asia and ASEAN as a bridging nation that combines the advantages of the continent and ocean. The international community’s support and cooperation are needed now more than ever. I ask for your continued interest and support until the Korean Peninsula peace process concludes successfully.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Concluding Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at ASEAN Plus Three Summit

Distinguished leaders of member states, Today, we were able to confirm our passion for and commitment to cooperation as well as our potential once again. I expect that the ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit and the MekongRepublic of Korea Summit to be held in Korea from November 25 to 27 will serve as a special opportunity for Korea-ASEAN relations to make a leap forward. Thank you.

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November 04, 2019

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 14th East Asia Summit Multilateral Summits

Honorable Chairman and leaders of member states, The East Asia Summit has provided direction whenever new challenges – violent extremism, chemical weapons, infectious diseases, marine plastic debris – have come our way and has helped transform East Asia with concrete actions. I am very pleased in particular this year that three Leaders’ Statements have been adopted concerning a partnership for sustainability, combating the spread of illicit drugs and cooperation to combat transnational crime. The Republic of Korea jointly proposed the Statement on Cooperation to Combat Transnational Crime and will host the first ROK-ASEAN ministerial meeting on transnational crime. Going forward, Korea will continue to work with the EAS participating countries to meet the challenges facing East Asia.

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Chairman and leaders of member states, Opinions shared with leaders at last yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s summit for the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula have been of immense help to the peace process on the Peninsula. The Chairmanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s statement and the welcome statements issued by East Asian heads of state and ministers on the occasion of the inter-Korean summits and first United States-North Korea summit served as a great boost as well. However, the most critical juncture in the entire process of achieving denuclearization and establishing peace on the Korean Peninsula still remains. I hope that efforts made thus far will come to fruition through working-level negotiations between North Korea and the United States and a third U.S.-North Korea summit. Denuclearization and permanent peace on the Korean Peninsula cannot be achieved without the international communityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s support and cooperation. I believe that if North Korea takes earnest measures, the international community would have to act accordingly.

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November 04, 2019

During my speech at the U.N. General Assembly in September this year, I proposed transforming the Demilitarized Zone that cuts across the midriff of the Korean Peninsula into an international peace zone. If the international community joins the efforts to remove mines in the DMZ and the United Nations and other international organizations open offices there, the Zone can serve as a security guarantee on the Korean Peninsula. This will ensure the North’s security institutionally and realistically while at the same time bringing permanent peace to the South. Peace on the Korean Peninsula will contribute to peace and prosperity in Northeast Asia, ASEAN and other Asia-Pacific countries. I request the EAS’s joint action for our efforts to turn the DMZ into an international peace zone. Chairman and leaders of member states, Korea welcomes the ASEAN Outlook on Indo-Pacific adopted by ASEAN leaders in June this year and endorses its principles of ASEAN Centrality, openness, inclusivity, transparency and respect for international law. In particular, it is all the more meaningful that “connectivity, maritime affairs, the economy and sustainable development” have been selected as the priority areas for cooperation. The Republic of Korea aims to achieve common prosperity together with ASEAN member states, India and other Asia-Pacific countries through the New Southern Policy. Korea also aspires to further strengthen connectivity with ASEAN through the ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit and the inaugural Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit to be held in Busan. Moreover, Korea joined the Indian Ocean Rim Association as a Dialogue Partner last year and launched the Trade and Tourism Promotion Project along with Pacific Island nations. Korea will support mutually beneficial cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region in partnership with various regional cooperation initiatives.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 14th East Asia Summit

To maintain a peaceful ocean, it is important for the South China Sea, a key maritime route in the region, to be demilitarized and for the freedom of sea and air navigation there to be guaranteed. I hope that an effective Code of Conduct in the South China Sea will be discussed in a way that respects international law and the rights and interests of all nations. I would like to stress that most nations in East Asia have grown through free trade via sea routes. Korea believes that a free and fair trade system based on rules is the only way for sustainable development and will join the efforts of the East Asia Summit in that regard. We have prevailed over challenges facing us by sharing wisdom on peace and prosperity at the East Asia Summit. If close cooperation among the countries in the region continues, East Asiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s dynamism and potential will swiftly lead to prosperity. Thank you.

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November 04, 2019

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 3rd RCEP Summit Multilateral Summits

I’m very pleased that 15 countries reached an agreement to conclude the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership negotiations today. I look forward to all 16 member states – with India participating – signing the RCEP Agreement next year upon the completion of the remaining negotiations over market opening. The RCEP’s conclusion initiates the world’s largest free trade area that will account for half of the world’s population and one third of its total GDP. Young and dynamic markets have become one with ASEAN playing a central role. We’ve created a single economic cooperation zone while respecting the level of economic development in individual countries and the diversity of our cultures and systems. I salute the leaders who have put their commitment to free trade into action with the strength of solidarity and cooperation. Going for ward, trade barriers will be lowered, norms aligned harmoniously and exchanges and cooperation deepened further. I hope that the value of free trade will spread further in the process of jointly overcoming the global economic downturn.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 3rd RCEP Summit

East Asia has long maintained exchanges and cooperation. It also has a proud history of advancing civilization. I am confident that the RCEP will become a community where all member countries develop together by cooperating in all areas of the economy, society and culture beyond trade. Korea, too, will always be a part of that effort. Thank you.

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December 24, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Korea-Japan-China Business Summit Multilateral Summits

Honorable Premier Li Keqiang, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and business leaders from the three countries, Chengdu is well known even to Koreans as a city in “The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.” Among countless linkages that connect Korea, China and Japan, there seems to be nothing like “The Romance of the Three Kingdoms.” The virtuous governing of Liu Bei, who embraced the importance of a great cause, and Zhuge Liang’s loyalty are the spirits of Asia. Here in Chengdu, where the traditional meets the contemporary and time-honored history and innovation are harmonized, it is all the more meaningful to attend this business summit together with the Premier and the Prime Minister. I extend my congratulations on the opening of the 7th Korea-ChinaJapan business summit to mark the 20th anniversary of our trilateral cooperation. I am grateful to Chairman Gao Yan of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, Chair Nobuyuki Koga of the Japan Business Federation and Chairman Park Yongmaan of the Korea Chamber of Commerce and Industry. China has long advanced global civilizations, and Japan has demonstrated from early on that it could overcome the West even with regard to modern science and technology. Korea has played its role as a bridging nation,

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promoting trade and cultural exchanges and maintaining its identity even while surrounded by major powers. While bearing a resemblance, our three countries have developed our own refined philosophies, cultures and religions in accordance with respective characteristics. Asia’s advanced civilizations were spread to the West via an oceanic Silk Road, ushering in the Age of Exploration and Renaissance. When our three countries opened and engaged in vibrant trade, splendid cultural heritage flourished, as evidenced by China’s Tang Dynasty, Japan’s Heian period and Korea’s Silla Kingdom. In the 20th century, our three countries achieved the most dynamic growth in the world. We have also witnessed rises in our global standing, accounting for one-fifth of the world’s population, one-quarter of global GDP and one-fifth of all trade. Having emerged as the world’s second-largest, third-largest and 11th-largest economic powerhouses, respectively, we are now ushering in the era of Asia together. Now we are newly opening up a future of free trade and solidarity and fulfilling our responsibilities for the sake of unity in Asia and global prosperity while enhancing our competitiveness respectively through constant innovation. Besides economic prosperity, it is precisely our people-centered development – based on the humanism pursed by our three countries – that will resolve global issues such as climate change and lead a sustainable world.

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December 24, 2019

Today, I am truly delighted to discuss a future of solidarity, cooperation and common prosperity with leaders from the business community. Distinguished business leaders, Compared to the year 1999, when the Korea-China-Japan summit was inaugurated, trilateral people-to-people exchanges have quadrupled; trade has increased fivefold; and investment twelvefold. Our industries have advanced beyond steel and shipbuilding to the cutting-edge IT industry, and weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve helped one another achieve economic growth through the division of labor and cooperation. We are actively advancing into other countries together. By pooling capital, technological prowess and experiences, our three countries are jointly building large infrastructure such as LNG plants and steel mills. The scope of cooperation is expanding to encompass the areas of the environment, disaster relief, healthcare and medical services. In addition, regional exchanges and interactions among our young people are deepening thanks to the Pan-Yellow Sea Rim Economy and Technology Exchange Conference and the CAMPUS Asia Program. Together, we will build upon the strength of mutual benefit to surmount the repercussions of low global growth and protectionism. Spearheading the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, we will proceed toward a new era of shared prosperity. To this end, I propose three ways to cooperate. First is cooperation to strengthen the free trade order. We have grown by seeking to perform on a global scale while lowering trade barriers and encouraging innovation. Free trade is a safeguard that allows companies to build mutual trust and reduce uncertainty in the future. This mutually beneficial development that supports business activities and promotes shared growth by defending the free trade order must be continued.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Korea-Japan-China Business Summit

In October, we reaffirmed the value of free trade as we concluded the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership agreement. We will use Asia’s strength to further expand the free trade order by advancing follow-up negotiations for the Korea-China FTA in regard to service and investment and the Korea-China-Japan FTA negotiations. Leaders in 5G telecommunications, we are preparing for the increase in data usage spurred by digital trade. I hope that our three countries jointly researching e-commerce will bring about consumer protection and safety as well as system improvements with regard to electronic payments and shipping, thereby spearheading the moves to liberalize global digital trade. Second is cooperation to foster new industries in response to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Just as we have enhanced our competitiveness together by establishing value chains in manufacturing, we can work together in nurturing new industries through exchanges and cooperation in response to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. China is building high-tech industries based on its huge market. Japan is a long-established technological innovation powerhouse. Korea is an information and communication technology leader. When we join forces, we can secure optimal capabilities for innovation in new industries such as data, networks, artificial intelligence and healthcare as well as bring about innovation in manufacturing. I anticipate that our three countries will become a pivot that drives mutual growth with Asia by conducting joint research and development, preparing international standards and promoting exchanges among innovative startups. Third is working together for peace in Northeast Asia. China’s One Belt, One Road Initiative, Japan’s Free and Open Indo-Pacific Strategy and Korea’s New Northern and New Southern policies all link continental and maritime regions. The consistent goal is to bring people’s hearts and minds together as well as to support peace and prosperity for all.

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December 24, 2019

Starting with the East Asian Railroad Community initiative, if we establish an energy community and economic community, along with a system for regional peace and security, opportunities will multiply for enterprises. Opening up a new Silk Road and the Northern Sea Route will truly complete continental and maritime network linkage. I’d like to see businesses from our three countries extend their collaborative efforts to develop economically beyond Northeast Asia to include ASEAN member states and other countries. I also look forward to them working together to develop the Asia-Pacific region’s economy so that a peace economy is achieved for all of Asia, whereby peace drives the economy and the economy nurtures peace in a virtuous circle. Premier Li, Prime Minister Abe and business leaders from our three countries, Our three nations share a proverb that goes, “Close neighbors are better than distant relatives.” We have the world’s oldest shared history and culture as neighboring countries. By working together, we can tread the path of progress toward abundance. The business leaders gathered here are key players in bringing our nations’ proximity even closer, thereby fostering greater trust. The Asian Century, which was triggered by the East Asian miracle, will widen and deepen through the Asian spirit of mutual benefit. I am confident that if business leaders lead the way, the power of mutual benefit among our three nations that begins with economic matters will open up a new future for both Asia and the world. Thank you.

Foreign Policy/National Security

December 24, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-Japan-China Summit Multilateral Summits

I am deeply grateful to Premier Li Keqiang and the people of China for wonderfully preparing the 8th Korea-China-Japan summit in this year that marks the 20th anniversary of our trilateral cooperation and for extending such warm hospitality to the delegations from both Korea and Japan. My appreciation also goes to Prime Minister Abe for joining us in advancing our trilateral cooperation. I have high expectations for my summit with the Prime Minister thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s scheduled for this afternoon. It is all the more meaningful that this summit has been held in Chengdu, an ancient capital of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period and currently a pivotal city in western China. Just like the spirit of Liu Bei, who governed with virtue while putting people first, I hope our trilateral cooperation will lead to the kind of governance by virtue that will benefit the lives of our peoples. Today, Premier Li, Prime Minister Abe and I reaffirmed the importance of the cooperation that has been cultivated over the past two decades. We agreed to elevate substantive cooperation to a new level so that people will be able to sense the results.

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First, we laid an important milestone to ensure regularized trilateral cooperation. This threeway summit has been held over two consecutive years for the first time since 2012, which is already a significant outcome. Next year, the Republic of Korea will serve as the host. At the meeting today, it was meaningful for our three countries to build a consensus on the importance of normalizing cooperation as well as on the need to strengthen the capabilities of the Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat and launch the Trilateral Cooperation Fund. We agreed to redouble our efforts to create synergy between trilateral cooperation and the respective bilateral relations among Korea, China and Japan. Second, we came to an agreement to promote cooperation in areas directly related to the lives of our peoples for the sake of their happiness.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-Japan-China Summit

Following the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics in Korea, the Olympic Games will be held in Tokyo and Beijing one after another. Our three countries will work together to ensure the success of the back-to-back Olympics in Northeast Asia and enhance mutual trust by expanding people-to-people, educational, cultural and sports exchanges. We agreed to expand cooperation with regard to the environment, health and aging populations to improve the quality of life of our peoples. In addition, we also saw eye to eye on the need to respond to such new challenges as the Fourth Industrial Revolution and protectionism and work together to create future growth engines through cooperation on science and technology. Third, our three countries agreed to maintain close communication and cooperation going forward for the sake of denuclearization and permanent peace on the Korean Peninsula. With shared understanding that peace on the Korean Peninsula serves the common interests of the three countries, we reached a consensus on working together to ensure substantive progress in denuclearization and for peace through dialogue between North Korea and the United States at the earliest date possible. Today, our three countries adopted a vision for trilateral cooperation over the next 10 years. I hope that this will serve as a milestone, one that heralds a new era of peace and prosperity in East Asia and leads to a sustainable world. The 9th Korea-China-Japan Summit will be held in Korea. As the next host nation, Korea will fulfill its obligations to ensure that the results of trilateral cooperation benefit the lives of our peoples. Todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s summit brightened the future of our trilateral cooperation. Let me again thank Premier Li and the Chinese people for extending their hospitality.

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June 30, 2019

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-U.S. Summit Foreign Policy

I extend my warmest welcome to President Donald Trump to the Republic of Korea. Today, the Korean Peninsula, with President Trump, has become the most-noted place on Earth. Since the armistice declaration 66 years ago, the United States and North Korea will be meeting in Panmunjeom. For the first time in history, the leaders of the United States and North Korea will be standing face to face in Panmunjeom, the symbol of division, and shake hands for peace. If we continue to communicate and engage with each other in dialogue, we can move toward the best situation ever. This is something that we will be able to see for ourselves today. The South and North will be able to become confident about peace, and the world will provide support and cheer on President Trump and Chairman Kim with high expectations. What we sincerely want here on the Korean Peninsula is permanent peace. I hope that President Trump will go down in history as the president that has achieved peace on the Korean Peninsula. Peace requires more courage than conflict. I would like to extend my appreciation to the two leaders for being so brave, and I am very overwhelmed with emotion because weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve been able to prove the way toward peace on the Korean Peninsula.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Continuous dialogue is the only viable option for achieving the complete denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula. Today, President Trump and I have reaffirmed that we are absolutely on the same page when it comes to denuclearization and that we share common goals. In particular, as complete denuclearization and peace-building on the Korean Peninsula and normalization of U.S-DPRK relations were the goals committed to in the Singapore agreement, we concurred that implementing this agreement simultaneously and in parallel would be vitally important. I hope that there will be progress made between the leaders of the two countries at todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s meeting together with the people of the Republic of Korea. The ROK-U.S. alliance has become a comprehensive strategic alliance that strengthens cooperation not only in security but also with regard to the economy as well as regional and global issues. Such a steadfast ROK-U.S. alliance is working as the linchpin for regional peace, stability and prosperity, and we have decided to continue to carry on in close coordination. Recently, our bilateral trade and investments are being made vibrantly, and our economic relations are developing in a balanced and mutually beneficial manner. Importantly, the Korean businessesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; investments in the U.S. have significantly increased since the inauguration of President Trump. We have made the institutional framework of cooperation more solid through the KORUS FTA amendment. As President Trump has said, I believe that this is a victory for both countries. Today, our two leaders have agreed to further accelerate the momentum to expand trade and investments and further expand the ROK-U.S. alliance to a mutually reciprocal economic alliance as well.

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In regional and also global issues, our two countries will continue to work very closely together as strong allies. The Asia Pacific region is a core region for maintaining peace and prosperity for both countries. Under the regional cooperation principles of openness, inclusiveness and transparency, we have agreed to put forth harmonious cooperation between Korea's New Southern Policy and the United States' Indo-Pacific Strategy. Meanwhile, we have shared our concerns related to the recent attacks on the oil tankers in the Gulf of Oman and the escalation of tension in the Middle East. The freedom of passage and freedom of transit in the Gulf of Oman is very important for the stability of the Middle East and security of international energy. I have high regard for the careful restraint shown by President Trump. We have agreed to continue to cooperate closely for stability in the Middle East. President Trump and I will not forget the history and the spirit of our great alliance and our two countries will work very closely in cooperation as strong allies. With this visit to the Republic of Korea, we have once again reaffirmed our common objectives and strategies, and Iâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;m very glad and heartened by this. Going forward, we will continue to work very closely together and be frank and open in our discussions and communications to strongly solidify and develop the ROK-U.S. alliance. President Trump is the maker of peace on the Korean Peninsula. You really are the peace maker of the Korean Peninsula. I hope that this meeting with Chairman Kim Jong Un at Panmunjeom will bring hope to the people of South and North Korea and that it will be a milestone in the history of humankind toward peace. Again, I would like to extend my warmest welcome to President Trump to Korea. Our friendship will continue to grow deeper and greener like the leaves of early summer. Thank you

Foreign Policy/National Security

July 02, 2019

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 26th Cabinet Meeting Foreign Policy

Let me begin the 26th Cabinet Meeting. Last Sunday, Koreans and people around the world witnessed a historic moment at Panmunjeom. For the first time in the 66 years since the Armistice Agreement was signed, the leaders of North Korea and the United States, the parties concerned, clasped hands over the Military Demarcation Line, and the U.S. President, without any special security protection, was guided by the North Korean leader to step across the MDL to set foot on the soil of North Korea. At the same time and place, a brief meeting among the three leaders of the two Koreas and the United States took place as well. With these actions, it can be said that â&#x20AC;&#x201C; following the example of the two Koreas â&#x20AC;&#x201C; North Korea and the United States declared a de facto end to hostilities and the fullfledged beginning of a new era of peace, even though a document was not signed. I believe that North Korea-U.S. dialogue going forward will surely bear great fruit if that fact is always kept in mind, its meaning is contemplated and it is made into the foundation for dialogue.

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Prior to that gathering, President Trump and I made a stop at a front-line guard post only 25 meters away from the MDL. It was the first time in history that the presidents of the Republic of Korea and the United States visited the Demilitarized Zone together. The people may have noticed more significance in this visit: the first in history for the two countriesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; presidents to go to a front-line guard post in a suit and tie rather than military uniforms or bulletproof vests. A U.S. commander briefed President Trump on the changes by comparing the tense situation near the MDL before the inter-Korean Agreement in the Military Domain signed September 19, 2018 to the peaceful situation after the Agreement. I explained to President Trump that approximately half of the Republic of Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s population lives in Seoul and its metropolitan areas, which lie just about 40 kilometers away from the MDL and that over 100,000 U.S. citizens currently reside in Seoul. I also had an opportunity to inform President Trump about the positive effects the Gaeseong Industrial Complex, which we could see clearly in front of us, had brought about for the two Koreasâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; economies and our security.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 26th Cabinet Meeting

President Trump and I next took a look at articles unearthed during the recovery of remains going on at Arrowhead Ridge, and he said that he agreed with the urgent need for security and peace for the Republic of Korea. All of these achievements were possible thanks not only that we leaders share among ourselves but also to the significant mitigation in military tensions between the two Koreas, through the measures such as the demilitarization of the Joint Security Area. As I’ve always stressed, I’d like to emphasize yet again that improvements in inter-Korean relations and progress in North Korea-U.S. talks are in a mutually reinforcing cycle. The Panmunjeom meeting between the North Korean and U.S. leaders, which moved the world, was made possible through President Trump’s unconventional proposal posted on a social media service and Chairman Kim Jong Un’s bold response. This unconventional proposal and bold response were the fruits of remarkable imagination that went beyond conventional wisdom. The meeting could never have been conceived within the confines of existing diplomatic protocols. Such imagination surprised and impressed the world and created a force that can advance the course of history. As this case shows, imagination is as necessary for politics and foreign affairs as it is for culture and arts and science and technology. Most of all, imagination that goes beyond conventional wisdom is needed to resolve a critical situation. Imagination must be continually employed in order to resolve the truly difficult, historic tasks of complete denuclearization and the establishment of a permanent peace regime on the Korean Peninsula. I believe that what our politics and I myself lack is imagination. I look forward to politics with abundant imagination that daringly goes beyond past political practices and policies. Each Government ministry and agency is making considerable efforts to overcome the hardships now faced by the Korean economy and the people in their daily lives. I ask you to move beyond working hard with good intentions as usual and demonstrate slightly bolder and more abundant imagination when formulating policies.

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October 24, 2019

Keynote Address by President Moon Jae-in at Korea-Spain Business Forum Foreign Policy

Your Majesty, President José Luis Bonet of the Spanish Chamber of Commerce, Chairman Park Yongmaan of the Korea Chamber of Commerce and Industry, distinguished guests and business leaders from our two countries, Encantado! (I’m delighted to be here.) Your Majesty is personally involved in the development of new science and technology and the advancement of the Spanish economy. Thanks to your encouragement, I believe today’s business forum will achieve even greater cooperation among our two nations’ businesspeople. Spain has a history of leading the world into the Age of Commerce. It was first ever to be called a “country where the sun never sets” in human history, and such potential continues today, with Spaniards plying the five oceans and traversing the six continents. When Europeans wanted to go out to other lands by sea, they had to go through Spain. To the west, it has established close ethnic, religious and linguistic ties with Latin America, while to the south it has connections with North Africa. Its cooperation with Asia, including Korea, has also been deepening through its “Strategic Vision for Spain in Asia.”

Foreign Policy/National Security

Spain's role as a bridging country linking a continent and ocean is what Korea envisions. For its part, Korea will connect a continent and ocean by leveraging its geopolitical advantage as a peninsular country and use that strength to achieve peace and prosperity. Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s New Northern Policy aims to expand the foundation for cooperation from China and Russia to Central Asia and Europe. At the same time, our New Southern Policy is designed to develop cooperative ties for mutual prosperity with ASEAN member states, India, and Pacific Rim nations. Korea and Spain are both gateways and hubs where continents and oceans meet. There are many fields in which to cooperate based on our common geopolitical strengths. Spain is at the western end of Eurasia, while Korea on the easternmost edge. I am convinced that if we work closely together, we can more quickly realize greater prosperity for both of us. Business leaders of Korea and Spain, Trade between our two countries has continued to increase since the Korea-EU FTA went into effect in 2011. Last year, bilateral trade volume reached US$5.5 billion, the highest ever. The scale of business our two nations have jointly conducted in third countries is close to US$13 billion through the first nine months of this year.

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The number of direct flights between our two countries increased last year, bringing us closer together. The number of Korean visitors to Spain has grown seven-fold over the past seven years, surpassing 500,000 last year. A half-century ago, Korea opened a deep-sea fishing station in Las Palmas in the Spanish autonomous community of the Canary Islands. That location was far from home at the time, but it has grown much closer now, to the extent that Koreans have even filmed a variety show on neighboring Tenerife Island. Koreans have been fond of Spain for a long time. We love the works of Spanish artists, including Cervantes, Picasso and Gaudí. We are fascinated by Spaniards’ embrace of both the Christian and Islamic cultures, and we envy your passion for football. At the same time, many people in Spain now increasingly enjoy K-Pop, Korean movies and Korean food. Spain has also become a taekwondo powerhouse, having garnered six Olympic medals. Our two countries are rapidly getting closer, and our cooperation will increase going forward. Today, I’d like to offer three proposals for cooperation in the interest of mutual prosperity. First, we should work together on the digital economy in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Spain and Korea have been commercializing 5G telecom services from this year, indicating that we both have outstanding ICT expertise and infrastructure. We can bolster our collaborative efforts in autonomous vehicles, smart cities and other core 5G services. Spain's Connected Industry 4.0 project aims to raise productivity by combining the manufacturing sector with information and communication technologies. Korea is also promoting a vision and strategy for a manufacturing renaissance with a view to fostering new industries for the Fourth Industrial Revolution while innovating existing industries. If our two nations with the same vision broaden cooperation based on mutual interest, we will create synergies in each other's manufacturing innovation.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Keynote Address by President Moon Jae-in at Korea-Spain Business Forum

Korea will take part as a guest country of honor in Spain’s Connected Industry 4.0 Conference, scheduled to open next month. This is expected to serve as a starting point to further cement cooperation between our two countries in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Second, we should cooperate together on environment-friendly energy in response to climate change. Reducing fossil fuel consumption and expanding the use of renewable energy is both a challenge and an opportunity for both of our manufacturing-based economies. To switch over to an environment-friendly economy, Spain has established a Climate Change and Energy Transition roadmap, with a target of 100% electricity generation through renewable resources by 2050. As an advanced nation in using new and renewable energy, Spain is already ranked the world’s first in solar energy generation, fifth in wind energy generation, and tenth in photovoltaic energy generation. Korea also aims to increase rapidly the percentage of renewables in the energy mix in order to achieve sustainable development, and so we have much to learn from Spain. Our two countries have amassed outstanding technologies and experience. Spanish enterprises have completed wind farms in Korea, and Korean businesses are also pushing ahead with a project to build a massive photovoltaic power station with 1,000MW capacity in Spain. Increasing investments and exchanges between our two countries’ businesses will open the doors for even greater opportunities in the future. Third, we should diversify our cooperation by jointly going offshore for construction and infrastructure projects. Demand for construction and infrastructure is increasing around the world in order to build the foundation for economic growth.

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Spain is strong in identifying new feasible projects and in engineering as well as in facility operation, maintenance and repair, while Korea has strengths in construction work and project financing. Great results are achieved when companies from our two countries jointly advance into third-country markets. Early this year, our two countries accelerated the joint involvement in Latin American and Asian construction projects. We have also agreed to expand cooperation between our staterun companies in the railroad, air, and transportation sectors. I’d like to see the roads and railroads built by Spain and Korea help stimulate the global economy. I also hope the MOUs on cooperation in trade and investment signed yesterday will prime the pump for the further expansion of private sector cooperation and investment in our two countries. Your Majesty and business leaders of our two countries, The Spanish writer Baltasar Gracián said, “To have friends is a second being.” Both our countries have overcome historical difficulties and achieved high levels of economic development and mature democracies. We are alike in many ways, and we have become true friends. The world faces many challenges going forward, including the Fourth Industrial Revolution, climate change and polarization. By working together, our two countries will muster greater courage and strength to overcome them. Next year marks the 70th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties between our two countries. The friendship of our two countries will only grow stronger in the days ahead, and we will come to have a new world through our being together. Muchas gracias! Thank you very much!

Foreign Policy/National Security

December 18, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Republic of Korea-Kingdom of Sweden Business Summit Foreign Policy

Honorable Prime Minister Stefan Löfven, Business Sweden CEO Ylva Berg, Korea International Trade Association Chairman Kim Young-ju and business leaders from Korea and Sweden, I am glad to meet you all. This Korea-Sweden Business Summit is being held in Seoul just six months after Stockholm hosted its Sweden-Korea Business Summit in June. These two alternating business summits seem to make our friendship even more special in this year marking the 60th anniversary of diplomatic ties between our two countries. I am deeply grateful to the Prime Minister and Swedish business leaders for visiting Seoul with a large business delegation. Sweden has used innovation to promote the dignity of humanity and universal values, all while coexisting with nature. Carl von Linné, the father of botany, and Jöns Jacob Berzelius, who established modern atomic theory, helped lead human progress with science. Nobel Prizes, a great legacy of humanity, have served as a compass pointing toward a common ideal through unceasing exploration.

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The spirit of Sweden has always been creating new standards. In the early 20th century, Sweden built public libraries in the belief that knowledge could change the lives of workers, thereby enhancing the general public’s level of knowledge. Swedish businesses and employees have achieved mutual benefits and rapid innovation. The country’s corporate culture that respects a woman’s right to work guarantees that work and family life are compatible, raising welfare society standards. Such global innovations as Volvo’s three-point seat belt, Ikea’s ready-to-assemble furniture and Tetra Pak’s aseptic packaging system also illustrate Sweden’s philosophy that treasures everyone’s happiness. Ranked 1st in the European Innovation Scoreboard and 2nd in the Best Countries for Business, Sweden, an advanced country in terms of social trust, is an exemplary model for a future society. Korea will learn from and grow together with Sweden, thus becoming a responsible member of the global community as well.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Republic of Korea-Kingdom of Sweden Business Summit

Business leaders from Korea and Sweden, Swedenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s love for humanity and its innovative spirit are the same as what Korea aims to cultivate. Korea and Sweden equally value the importance of climate change responses and sustainable development as well as a people-centered Fourth Industrial Revolution. Our two countries have already been reaping significant results from cooperation in such new industries as 5G, biohealth and electric vehicles. Ericsson worked together with Korean businesses for the 5G trial services during the PyeongChang Winter Olympics and the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s first commercialization of 5G services. The telecommunication equipment developed by Ericsson-LG is being supplied to domestic 5G networks. Ericsson is also pushing ahead with technology cooperation with SK Telecom and KT to upgrade 5G services and prepare for the 6th generation of mobile communication. Following its decision to invest US$630 million in Korea, global pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca is expanding cooperation into the development of new drugs, creation of a biohealth ecosystem and a joint advance into the global market. Bilateral cooperation for technological convergence has begun between the areas of nextgeneration materials, such as carbon, parts and equipment, and the sectors of artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things. This will help develop the core capabilities needed to lead smart cities and smart mobility. If our two countries take it a step further from here, it will be possible to write a new chapter in the history of business. First, our two countries have to expand cooperation in future industries and create an environment for innovation. Your creative ideas and spirit to take on new challenges constitute the foundation for the creation of an innovative ecosystem. The Government will provide active support.

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By signing an MOU on cooperation between the governments in June this year, the two countries laid the institutional foundation for collaboration in industrial resources, SMEs and the field of innovation. The Korea Startup Center to be established in Stockholm next year will serve as a venue for exchanges between startups from both countries. Second, the two countries have to further deepen bilateral cooperation for sustainable development. To transition to an eco-friendly economy, Sweden aims to achieve its goal of zero greenhouse-gas emissions by 2045 and increase renewable energies’ share of power generation to 100 percent by 2040. As a member of the international community, Korea has been fulfilling its responsibilities as well by implementing Asia’s first emissions trading scheme in 2015 and working to achieve the goals of cutting greenhouse gas emissions by 35 percent from its business-as-usual level forecast for 2030 and increasing renewable energy’s share of power generation to 35 percent by 2040. A policy paradigm shift to respond to climate change will go beyond Korea and the European Union and spread to other economic regions, providing more opportunities for Korean and Swedish businesses. Korea Midland Power and S-Energy, both based in Korea, are scheduled to participate in Sweden’s solar and wind power generation projects. Sweden’s Volvo Car Group and Korea’s LG Chem agreed to further strengthen their cooperation on electric cars in order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and science and technology exchanges will be more invigorated through a Northern Europe science and technology base center opening next year. Third, when peace is established on the Korean Peninsula, a space for taking on new challenges will be created. Sweden and other Northern European countries have built upon peace to achieve inclusiveness and innovation and have become the happiest countries in the world.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Republic of Korea-Kingdom of Sweden Business Summit

Peace on the Korean Peninsula will lead to the connection of continental and oceanic networks. When inter-Korean roads and railroads are connected, land routes will emerge that extend to Scandinavia through the Eurasian Continent. The Northern Sea Route will open up with the Korean Peninsula as a base, allowing eco-friendly ships to sail between the Pacific and Arctic oceans. Sweden has proven that peace drives the economy, and the economy, in turn, drives peace. Peace on the Korean Peninsula will provide more opportunities to businesses in our two countries. I ask our business leaders to work together so that peace and a free trade system on the Korean Peninsula and in Northeast Asia can make progress. Honorable Prime Minister and business leaders from our two countries, There is a Swedish proverb, “True friends visit us in prosperity only when invited, but in adversity they come without invitation.” To Korea, Sweden is a genuine friend that has unwaveringly given a helping hand. Korea will endeavor for common prosperity together with Sweden with an understanding of the importance of the harmony between nature and humankind and social values. As Sweden accomplished social and economic progress through the concept of “the people’s home,” Korea will build a country where everyone prospers together through mutual benefit and unity. Businesspeople are the foundation of friendship and cooperation between our two countries. I am looking forward to the trust and friendship built over the past 60 years deepening further through bilateral economic cooperation. Tack så mycket. Thank you.

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April 27, 2020

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting with His Senior Secretaries Foreign Policy

It has been two years since the two leaders of South and North Korea announced the historic Panmunjom Declaration. My feelings and memories at that time are still fresh. The scene of me and Chairman Kim Jong Un, hand-in-hand, stepping over and back across the Military Demarcation Line touched the hearts of 80 million Koreans and people around the world. The Panmunjom Declaration to which we two leaders agreed was the prelude to a new era toward peace on the Korean Peninsula, free of war. The Panmunjom Declaration became the starting point for taking inter-Korean relations to a new level as it led to the Pyeongyang Joint Declaration of September 19 and an agreement in the military domain. It also laid the groundwork for the first-ever North Korea-United States summit. The Panmunjom Declaration opened the door to irreversible peace, but in the two years since, we have been made keenly aware once again that peace will not come overnight. Hopes have been raised and dashed repeatedly during this period, but we have persevered and worked hard to advance the peace process, albeit at a slow pace.

Foreign Policy/National Security

The fact that the Panmunjom Declarationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s implementation could not be sped up was never for lack of determination. It was because we could not step beyond the international restrictions that are part of reality. Nonetheless, we cannot afford to keep waiting until conditions get better. Even within the actual constraints, we should continue to find what is doable and unceasingly carry them out no matter how small. We will usher in the future of a peace economy on the basis of the trust and firm commitment to peace that Chairman Kim and I share. As long as we do not forget the fact that we ourselves are the masters of the Korean Peninsulaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s destiny, a path is bound to open up. We might be able to widen even a narrow path into a broader one. We will set out to find the most realistic and practical way for inter-Korean cooperation. The COVID-19 crisis may be a new opportunity for the two Koreas to work together. As of this moment, it is the most pressing and urgent cooperation-related task. In March, Chairman Kim sent a personal letter to console and encourage our people, and I reciprocated in kind as well. The South and North are a single community of life. Our inter-Korean community of life will become a foundation for a community of peace. For a Korean Peninsula of life, I hope inter-Korean exchanges and cooperation are actively carried out â&#x20AC;&#x201C; starting with collaborating on concerted responses to COVID-19 and later joining forces to cope with infectious livestock diseases, disasters and calamities at the border area and climate change.

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April 27, 2020

Also, in regard to connecting inter-Korean railroads, we will start with what is possible first. I look forward to working together to attain a vision for reconnecting the Donghae and Gyeongui lines, as agreed upon by the two leaders. In regard to the grand vision of turning the Demilitarized Zone into an international peace zone, I hope that the two Koreas will steadily pursue this vision, starting with those projects that we can accomplish together. I’d like to see both Koreas join forces to transform this symbol of division into a zone of peace and hope. Of note, this year marks the 70th anniversary of the Korean War. One of the overriding significances when commemorating the War lies in remembering the ravages it left behind and bolstering our resolve that there must never be another war on this land. The joint excavation of the remains of soldiers who died in the Korean War is a meaningful project between the two Koreas that is intended to heal the wounds of the War and move us toward a new future of life and peace. Therefore, we must continue this project. As soon as the COVID-19 situation stabilizes, we will pursue reunions of separated families and mutual visits by displaced people to their hometowns. COVID-19 is awakening a spirit of solidarity and cooperation. The underlying spirit of the Panmunjom Declaration is also solidarity and cooperation. These are the fundamental values of the post-COVID-19 era as well. I hope that both Koreas will speed up the efforts to overcome COVID-19 and implement the Panmunjom Declaration together in order to blaze a trail in the post-COVID-19 era and build a mutually advancing Korean Peninsula of peace and prosperity. With the number of daily new confirmed cases falling sharply – hovering around 10 for more than a week – the domestic COVID-19 situation is clearly stabilizing. Accordingly, our confidence is growing that, if we pool our efforts just a little more, we can return to our normal daily lives. The tearful dedication of our quarantine authorities and medical professionals as well as the people’s voluntary participation, cooperation and collective intelligence have provided significant strength thus far. I offer words of profound respect and gratitude once again.

Foreign Policy/National Security

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting with His Senior Secretaries

However, it’s not over yet. Since humanity lacks immunity and a vaccine and treatments have yet to be developed, we never know if just a small number of confirmed cases could set off a detonator that sparks an infection cluster. Moreover, the circumstances abroad have still not been brought under control, and experts have also warned that there could be a second wave of infections in the coming fall or winter. Given all of this, we should resolve to live an inconvenient life together with COVID-19, keeping in mind that we are in a prolonged struggle. Now is the time to prepare for a wise coexistence between safety precautions against the virus and daily life while taking a long-term perspective. Korea’s COVID-19 response is becoming a global standard due to the international community’s favorable assessment of Korea’s quarantine model, but we have to take a step further. While fighting the virus, we must simultaneously succeed in transitioning to a normal routine. We can do this, just as we safely held the general election with a higher turnout than usual. The world is once more paying attention to us to see how we are going to manage the coexistence of virus safety precautions and our routine lives. Let’s all join forces together so that K-daily life [Korea’s post-COVID-19 routine life model] can become another global standard and an exemplary case in addition to its COVID-19 response. The daily lives we return to might be strange and unfamiliar, different from the routines of the past. This is a new experiment in which people participate in routine socioeconomic activities while complying with quarantine guidelines and rules that change as circumstances vary. In order to successfully maintain safety measures while simultaneously going about our daily lives, the people’s cooperation and participation are all we need – there is no secret other than this. The Government will make thorough preparations for new daily lives with faith in our great people. We will make the most of an opportunity to achieve economic recovery faster than any other country in the world. We will further bolster the Republic of Korea’s status at the forefront of the world by surmounting this crisis in the fastest and most exemplary manner.

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Selected Speeches â&#x2026;¢

2019 ASEANRepublic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st MekongRepublic of Korea Summit

November 12, 2019

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Cabinet Meeting

On November 25, the ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit and the first Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit will be held here in Busan to mark the 30th anniversary of establishing the ASEANKorea Dialogue Relations. These will be crucial diplomatic events for the common prosperity of Korea and ASEAN and the largest multilateral summits held in Korea under the current Administration. Todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Cabinet Meeting is being held in Busan, the host city, in order to pool governmentwide capabilities, attract public interest and support and, at the same time, take stock of preparations. This is the third Cabinet Meeting held outside of government facilities following those held at the Kim Koo Museum and the Korea Institute of Science and Technology. My Administration has been putting immense changes into practices that differ from those of previous governments on two points. One is the use of dialogue and diplomacy to resolve issues involving the Korean Peninsula, and the other is the drastic upgrading of diplomatic and trade relations with Asia rather than the extension of conventional diplomacy that focused on the four powers surrounding the Korean Peninsula. As part of such efforts, my Administration has been steadily engaging ASEAN member states to promote cooperation with them since its inauguration.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

After I took office, I sent a special envoy to ASEAN, the first time in Korean history, to unveil my commitment to stronger cooperation with the region. With this as a starter, I completed visits to all 10 ASEAN member states before the end of this year. Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s cooperative relations with ASEAN member states have progressed at an unprecedentedly rapid pace on all fronts, including foreign affairs and the economy as well as people-to-people and cultural exchanges. In addition, the foundation for ushering in a future of common prosperity based on such core values as people, prosperity and peace has been solidifying. The ASEAN-related summits held last week in Bangkok served as an opportunity to reaffirm all of this. Active support for our New Southern Policy and the resolve to expand cooperation has generated high expectations for the ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit. I was also able to confirm that support for peace on the Korean Peninsula within ASEAN remains solid. In particular, it is truly meaningful that the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership agreement, involving the Republic of Korea and all 10 ASEAN countries as well as China, Japan, Australia and New Zealand, has been concluded. The RCEP is the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s largest mega FTA, accounting for half of the world's population, one-third of global GDP and 30 percent of all trade. If India takes part in the final signing next year, it will have added significance.

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Promoting free trade is a must in order to expand the scope of our economy and the mutual prosperity of Korea and ASEAN. From this perspective, the conclusion of the RCEP negotiations will serve as an opportunity to improve conditions for investment and trade between Korea and ASEAN and to further accelerate the implementation of our New Southern Policy. I look forward to the final signing next year opening up the world’s largest free trade market and playing a significant role in disseminating the merits of free trade. The ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit and Mekong-ROK Summit are opportunities for a midterm assessment of the New Southern Policy that my Administration has been wholeheartedly pursuing over the past two and a half years. The policy is a key component of the Republic of Korea’s national development strategies. No other region in the world has a higher growth rate than ASEAN, and it has vast future growth potential. We have to work together with ASEAN to usher in a future of peace and shared prosperity throughout Asia. By holding the upcoming ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit, Korea will become the first country to have played host to commemorative summits with ASEAN on more than three occasions. We should turn the Summit into an opportunity to drastically enhance mutually beneficial cooperation for future shared growth based on the robust trust between Korea and ASEAN. The Mekong-ROK Summit will be convened for the first time since the prior talks were upgraded from the ministerial level to that of a summit. It will serve as an opportunity to give substance to the Republic of Korea-Mekong Vision that I unveiled during my trip to the Mekong nations in September and to further broaden the scope of cooperation going forward. Though relevant ministries and agencies and the City of Busan have been making enormous efforts to prepare for the summits, there are special requests that I’d like to make ahead of the events. The New Southern Policy can be achieved by cooperating with the ASEAN member states. I ask you to make extraordinary efforts to ensure that the spirit of the New Southern Policy, which promotes coordination with the national development strategies of each ASEAN member state, will be well reflected not only through upcoming Commemorative Summit–related functions but also the outcomes of various joint projects. I want to stress that building the foundation for forward-looking, mutually beneficial and sustainable cooperation becomes all the more possible when we think from ASEAN’s perspective.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Cabinet Meeting

As a bridging nation connecting the continent and ocean, we aspire to lead peace and prosperity through the New Northern and New Southern policies. Sea and air routes to ASEAN member states start here in Busan. I expect that Korea and ASEANâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s wisdom and capabilities to achieve common prosperity and peace will come together in Busan, a city that connects the continent and ocean. Most of all, I ask for interest and support not only from the residents of Busan but from all of our citizens. I hope that many people will participate in and enjoy the variety of colorful events coinciding with the summits while providing support to ensure that the summits will be held successfully. I anticipate that the summits will become not only nationally important diplomatic events but also festive venues for our people and the citizens of ASEAN member states.

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November 24, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Groundbreaking Ceremony for Busan Eco Delta Smart City

His Excellencies Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha of Thailand, Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc of Viet Nam, Prime Minister Thongloun Sisoulith of Laos, Secretary-General of ASEAN Lim Jock Hoi and other delegations from ASEAN member states, I am truly grateful to you all for attending this groundbreaking ceremony for the Busan Eco Delta Smart City project. ASEAN is the worldâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s youngest, most dynamic and fastest growing region. The cities of ASEAN are changing by the day. Manila and Jakarta have already become international metropolises, each with populations in excess of 10 million. The United Nations Environment Program predicts that Bangkok and Ho Chi Minh City will grow into megacities with populations of close to 10 million by 2030. At the same time, Batam of Indonesia, Vientiane of Laos and other cities will be home to two million or more. This city of Busan has also grown rapidly. Its population stood at 280,000 in 1945, but now has reached 3.5 million.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

We have experience in this regard. Rapid urban growth brings numerous side-effects. As urban planning has been unable to keep pace with the speed of population growth, densely populated areas have reached as far as half-way up mountainsides. The street network could not stay abreast of the urban expansion, causing severe traffic congestion. Public administration as well as essential infrastructure related to medical and public health services, water and sewage and public safety have all become inadequate. Severe environmental pollution has also become inevitable. For these reasons, the Republic of Korea has been striving to address urban problems early on. We have managed to elevate urban sustainability in Seoul, Incheon and here in Busan by building new planned cities in the suburbs, regenerating old downtown areas and upgrading the infrastructure. Now, Korea is about to take a new approach. We are building upon the foundation of Fourth Industrial Revolution technology to design a new future city that can resolve urban problems and serve as the platform for innovative growth.

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Busan Eco Delta Smart City is being realized as a result of these efforts. ASEAN leaders and delegations from member states, Korea has experienced traffic congestion, environmental pollution, catastrophes and disasters that have accompanied urban sprawl. The smart city is infused with all the methods we’ve applied to address these problems. The cities of ASEAN are also experiencing the same problems and searching for the same kinds of answers. I believe the Korean-style “smart city” can offer them one model in this regard. On this empty plain beside the Nakdong-gang River, innovative technologies developed in the Fourth Industrial Revolution will be used to connect all urban infrastructure. This will be a new city that enriches the quality of life for residents. A multi-functional space, used for learning, work and play, will be built upon a sustainable urban platform, which centers on new and renewable energy sources. Residents will also be provided with an intelligent prediction system for disasters and catastrophes as well as fast and precise safety and rescue services. The technologies and experiences accumulated while building the smart city are not confined to the construction of a new planned city. We can apply what we learn to solve problems in existing cities and original downtown areas. In this way, urban communities, both old and new, can be made into cities for the future, where all can prosper together. I’m looking at ASEAN’s potential in the smart city area. If a common smart city platform is developed within the infrastructure that ASEAN member states are putting in place, intraregional connectivity will be enhanced and “mutual advancement” can be expedited. The diversity of ASEAN cities is another important strength. Just consider the smart city pilot projects chosen by the ASEAN Smart City Network that are currently underway in 26 cities in 10 ASEAN member countries. These related projects are diverse, including transportation, tourism, construction, trade, government administration, disaster response, water resource management and environmental protection.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Groundbreaking Ceremony for Busan Eco Delta Smart City

ASEAN cities are hundreds and even thousands of years old. They need to achieve sustainable development while preserving their historic importance and identities. Korea will work with ASEAN cities. We will share our experience in building and running Busan Eco Delta Smart City, establishing a system of cooperation with ASEAN cities. This ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit provides an opportunity for us to work more closely together on smart cities. We aim to open up the future of smart cities worldwide by cooperating with Singapore’s Smart Nation initiative, Myanmar’s Dala New City Project and Malaysia’s Kota Kinabalu smart city project. Honorable ASEAN leaders and delegates, The genuine smart city is an urban community where people live in harmony with nature, where a high quality of life is provided, and where the good life is shared in neighboring cities and countries. In this regard, the smart city is a place imbued with the inclusive “Asian spirit,” where neither nature nor any person is excluded. The smart city is a new platform that embraces innovative, forward-looking technologies and new industries. If ASEAN and Korea capture the “Asian spirit” here, we can lead the world in the smart city sector. I look forward to your interest and cooperation to create the first successful model at Busan Eco Delta Smart City. Thank you.

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November 25, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 2019 ASEAN-ROK CEO Summit

Honorable ASEAN heads of state and government, distinguished business leaders, I welcome you all to Busan, the largest port city in the Republic of Korea. It is very meaningful for me to speak today about the vision of KoreaASEAN economic cooperation under the theme “Prosperity for All” in front of CEOs from ASEAN and Korea. As a conduit connecting different people and civilizations, East Asia’s seas served as trade routes, opening an age of the ocean and trade. From early on, merchants in Java, the Ayutthaya Kingdom and the Majapahit Empire made trips to Korea via China or through sea routes. East Asian merchants expanded trade by setting prices in silver in the late 17th century, becoming the main players of global maritime trade. That centuries-old legacy of trade is now gradually pushing East Asia into the center of the global economy once again. The ASEAN-Korea Dialogue Partnership established 30 years ago and the ASEAN-Korea FTA that came into effect 12 years ago are the results of vibrant exchanges throughout the history of East Asia.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

Just as ocean-going merchants built maritime empires long ago, business leaders engaging in transnational activities are the main actors leading the Asian and global economies today. By concluding the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement, we are heralding the era of an East Asia trade network. Today, I’m pleased to discuss a new age of trade with the East Asian business leaders here in Busan, a city that connects the continent to the ocean. Distinguished business leaders, ASEAN and Korea are rapidly growing close. Trade volume between the two sides has increased to US$160 billion, and their mutual inand outbound investments exceed US$10 billion each year. ASEAN is Korea’s second largest trade partner and its third biggest investment destination. Korea is ASEAN’s fifth largest trade partner.

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November 25, 2019

Korea’s Daelim Industrial Co., Samsung C&T Corporation, Lotte Chemical Corporation and POSCO are adding their strengths to the construction of the Temburong Bridge, Brunei’s longest, Viet Nam’s first LNG terminal and Indonesia’s large-scale petrochemical complex and steel industry. Joint technology development in the biohealth and ICT sectors, the creation of an industrial complex and startup collaborations are making the framework for mutually beneficial cooperation with Singapore and Myanmar even stronger. The scope of inter-governmental cooperation is also increasing. Cooperation is deepening and expanding as well from such areas as foreign affairs, commerce, trade and investments into infrastructure, culture, defense and the environment. The Republic of Korea will become a part of a “community growing together” with ASEAN, going beyond being friends. The Korean people love the foods and landscapes of ASEAN, and the people of ASEAN love Hallyu, the Korean Wave. More than 11 million people travel back and forth between our two sides annually – with more than 1,200 flights every week. With a huge market of 650 million people and abundant natural resources, ASEAN is achieving high annual growth of 5 percent. Korea has a history of success – transforming its economic structure through manufacturing and trade after overcoming colonial rule and war. Having emerged as an IT powerhouse, it became the first in the world to commercialize 5G services and has accumulated know-how in cutting-edge industries through the latest semiconductor and mobile phone technologies. Korea and ASEAN share more similarities in terms of history and culture than any other regions. For ASEAN, which has limitless growth potential and a population with an average age of 29, Korea is indeed a trustworthy and optimal partner. Together with Korea, ASEAN will become a “community growing together” faster and further.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 2019 ASEAN-ROK CEO Summit

We also share the “Asian spirit.” ASEAN, which cherishes nature and has kept diverse religions, races, cultures and political systems in harmonious coexistence, offers a solution for how to move toward an inclusive and sustainable world. The Republic of Korea will always work together with ASEAN to create a new world order. Distinguished business leaders, Today, I put forth three means of cooperation for a “community growing together.” The first is a “people-centered, inclusive cooperation.” Human beings are indeed the key growth engines. In order to strengthen the capabilities of small and medium-sized enterprises, which account for 99 percent of the ASEAN economy, we will expand technical and vocational education and training programs and strive to foster high-caliber individuals through scholarship programs and higher education projects. The Republic of Korea will provide assistance to establish such educational and research institutions as the Vietnam-Korea Institute of Science and Technology and the Myanmar Development Institute to share our experience with economic development. We will also strengthen cooperation in rural development with Mekong countries so that the “can-do” confidence of Korea’s Saemaul Undong extends into a “miracle on the Mekong River.” The second is “cooperation for mutual prosperity and innovative growth.” Korea and ASEAN will jointly enhance our competitiveness in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution by expanding technology-related cooperation and the foundation of trade. Korea-ASEAN cooperation on nurturing startups will be a driving force that leads the Fourth Industrial Revolution. I hope that the formation of joint startup funds and a startup ecology will help create more unicorn enterprises.

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A new southern business cooperation center to be created next year will help accelerate Korean businesses’ advance into ASEAN member states and become a cornerstone that strengthens the competitiveness of ASEAN-based companies. In addition to the RCEP, concluded in early November, and the Korea-Indonesia CEPA Agreement, concluded today, the Korean Government will continue to expand bilateral FTA networks with Malaysia, the Philippines, Cambodia and other ASEAN member states. The third is cooperation to strengthen connectivity. ASEAN is working hard to strengthen connectivity. Korea will help build ASEAN’s infrastructure by utilizing its strengths in transportation, energy and smart city development. Through the Global Infrastructure Cooperation Conference and the Korea-ASEAN Infrastructure Deputy Ministers Meeting, we will find ways to cooperate that meet ASEAN’s needs. We will also increase cooperation funds for ASEAN and Mekong countries. The ASEANROK Cooperation Fund has been doubled to US$14 million annually, beginning this year. The Mekong-ROK Cooperation Fund will expand to US$3 million annually by next year. Peace on the Korean Peninsula will lead to peace in East Asia, and it is the starting point for connecting the economies of East Asia into one. I look forward to ASEAN continuing its spirit of engagement that helped North Korea be accepted as a member of the ASEAN Regional Forum. If we are able to successfully pass the remaining critical junctures going forward such as a third North Korea-United States summit for complete denuclearization and a permanent peace settlement on the Korean Peninsula, East Asia will be reborn as a genuine single community.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 2019 ASEAN-ROK CEO Summit

Honorable leaders of ASEAN member states and distinguished business leaders, Busan, where many refugees lived together, has been a city of inclusiveness where people in need embraced each other. ASEAN, which took part in the Korean War and sent rice and other supplies during difficult times, has been another of Busan’s friendly neighbors. ASEAN is Korea's eternal friend and Korea and ASEAN belong to one community with a shared destiny. We will always stand by each other in a belief that ASEAN’s development equals Korea’s. Asia is the future of the world. I hope that with the ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit, our friendship will deepen further and our sense of responsibility will grow larger. I look forward to jointly creating a mutually prosperous future together. I extend my heartfelt gratitude once again to the ASEAN and business leaders who have gathered in Busan. Thank you.-

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November 25, 2019

Welcoming Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at ASEAN-ROK Culture Innovation Summit

His Excellency Prime Minister Prayut, His Excellency Prime Minister Thongloun and Her Excellency State Counselor Aung San Suu Kyi, It’s now early winter in Korea. Formerly, people in East Asia would use the seasonal winds – southwesterlies in summer and northeasterlies in winter – to ply the oceans. The season for northeasterlies was the time when the people in Northeast Asia would sail to Southeast Asia. Here we are in Busan, a gateway to the Southeast. Feeling the excitement my ancestors must have experienced when meeting travelers from the ASEAN region, let me extend a warm welcome to the ASEAN leaders who have come to the ASEAN-ROK Culture Innovation Summit. During the past two years, I’ve visited all 10 ASEAN member nations. I saw diverse peoples, languages, religions and cultures coexisting harmoniously. I also keenly felt ASEAN’s cultural and artistic inclusiveness and dynamism. Spices from Southeast Asia transformed culinary arts worldwide as well as the history of international trade. In the same way, the colors and flavors of the 10 ASEAN states have festooned “K-culture,” turning it into a diverse cultural banquet and helping it emerge as new cultural content. ASEAN’s content market is growing by at least 8 percent annually, inspiring the dreams of future generations.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

Cultures in ASEAN are diverse yet harmonious. The more the rest of the world learns about these cultures, the happier and richer their own lives can become. ASEAN cultures are already known worldwide, and their potential is unlimited. In 1978, Filipino singer Freddie Aguilar sang “Anak” in Tagalog, his mother tongue, to the delight of fans in Korea and around the world. Thai film director Apichatpong won the Palme d'Or at the 2010 Cannes Film Festival, demonstrating Asian movie-making capabilities to the world. ASEAN leaders, If ASEAN and Korea team up, ASEAN cultures can be loved more by the world. I am here to propose that K-culture and the cultures of ASEAN go after the global market together. Hallyu, or the “Korean Wave,” first appeared in the 1990s, and its momentum has enabled Korea to rise to 7th place in the global content sector. Exports of Korean cultural content have averaged 16 percent annual growth for the past five years. Last year, they topped US$10 billion in value.

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Hallyu got its start in Asia. Asians were first to embrace uniquely Korean content, and ASEAN consumers were at the center of this movement. ASEAN fans’ love for Korean cultural content has allowed it to spread worldwide. Cultural content today has moved beyond mere culture to become a highly-promising growth industry. Korea, building upon this cultural identity, will become a partner for ASEAN cultural content. I also propose that the Culture Innovation Summit arranged today to celebrate the ASEANROK Commemorative Summit be regularly held from next year. We can work together with ASEAN to penetrate the global culture market. We will strive to develop this forum into a cooperative platform for cultural exchanges that can deepen mutual understanding and friendship among the generations to come. The ASEAN-Korea Centre, Asia Culture Center and the only ASEAN Cultural House outside Southeast Asia will actively pursue two-way cultural exchanges that promote the brilliant cultures of the ASEAN region. We will also work to preserve cultural diversity and creativity. We will establish an organization for promoting collaborative filmmaking projects between Korea and ASEAN member countries, in support of ASEAN’s dynamically growing film industry. The “Future with Art Campaign” will also allow us to expand our cooperation in providing youth with education in culture and the arts. Respect for all people is strong in both ASEAN and Korea. We both seek peace, inclusiveness and innovation. A way to create a sustainable world also lies within Asia’s cultures. I believe our cultural cooperation will not only generate new kinds of economic value but also become a force for opening up a new era. Thank you.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

November 26, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit

ASEAN heads of state and government, I am pleased to meet you all here in Busan, the maritime capital of the Republic of Korea. Korea has four distinct seasons. We are now into winter. I hope you will enjoy the season, although it is different from that of ASEAN. First of all, I would like to congratulate Thai Prime Minister Prayut on the successful hosting of the ASEAN Plus Three Summit. I am also grateful to His Majesty Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah of Brunei Darussalam, who has played a great role as Country Coordinator for ASEAN-ROK Dialogue. The establishment of ASEAN-Korea dialogue relations in 1989 was made possible due to the insights of the leaders at that time. ASEAN and the Republic of Korea have been forging a relationship of mutual prosperity while preparing for the Asia-Pacific era. I have very high regard for the fact that our cooperation has expanded beyond the economy and trade into all fronts, including politics, security, society and culture. I believe what enabled us to overcome the East Asian foreign exchange crisis and the global financial crisis was the strength of the ties and trust we have built together.

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ASEAN is an invaluable partner for Korea. Shortly after its inauguration, my Administration sent a special envoy there and announced the New Southern Policy with a goal to create a â&#x20AC;&#x153;people-centered community of peace and prosperityâ&#x20AC;? in cooperation with ASEAN. For the first time as a sitting president of the Republic of Korea, I visited all 10 ASEAN member states in just over two years. The Presidential Committee on New Southern Policy was launched, and the ASEAN-ROK Cooperation Fund was doubled this year. We also established the ASEAN Culture House here in Busan to strengthen cultural cooperation with ASEAN. Now, 30 years after the establishment of relations between ASEAN and Korea, trade, investment and people-to-people exchanges have significantly increased: 20 times, 70 times and 40 times, respectively. We have now become indispensable friends to each other, and together, we dream new dreams and turn each into reality one by one.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit

An inclusive and sustainable world depends on Asian cooperation. Our goals will give hope to all of humanity beyond Asia. Today, I’d like to see a new door leading to forward-looking cooperation open wider based on the achievements made in Korea-ASEAN relations to date. Distinguished leaders, We are facing such new challenges as protectionism, transnational crime and the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Only our cooperation and solidarity can help us prevail over the challenges. In particular, we are not fully aware of the type of future the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution will bring. Cooperation and solidarity must be further strengthened. Over the coming 30 years, we must build a more solid relationship in order to become a mutually beneficial community that realizes “Partnership for Peace, Prosperity for People.” The 21st century is the era of Asia. The “Asian spirit” that embraces all, excluding neither nature nor any person or nation, is the wisdom that Asia imparts to the entire world. If Korea and ASEAN member states, which share the “Asian spirit,” come together as one, no matter what challenges may arise, we can turn them into successes. Busan is a gateway where a continent meets an ocean. May ASEAN and Korea be reborn here in Busan as a single community. Thank you. Next, I would like to ask Prime Minister Prayut of Thailand, the Chair of ASEAN this year, and the Co-chair of the ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit to give his opening remarks.

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November 26, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at ASEAN-ROK Startup Summit and Innovative Growth Showcase

Honorable ASEAN leaders, startup CEOs and entrepreneurs, I welcome you all to Busan, the Korean-ASEAN gateway that links a continent and an ocean. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a pleasure to host todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ASEAN-ROK Startup Summit, which is specially honored by the presence of all the leaders of the 10 ASEAN member states as well as by key Korean and ASEAN innovators. ASEAN is youthful and dynamic. Sixty percent of the population is 35 years old or under, and the annual economic growth rate stands at 5 percent. The region is also passionate about innovation and business startups. People who come into the market later nimbly catch up through innovation at the business development phase that the early starters experienced. Leapfrogging is a common occurrence in ASEAN. Professor Philip Kotler, a world-renowned marketing authority, has asserted that ASEAN is an ideal region for the Fourth Industrial Revolution. His assessment is based on the self-confidence and potential that he has seen in ASEAN.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

The Korean economy is also in transition, from a system centered on large businesses to one in which innovative small and medium-sized enterprises and startups play a greater role. New industries are now being cultivated so that Korea can transform from a fast-follower economy into a pace-setting economy. Startups, as the slogan for this event says, are the way to energize the future of Korea and ASEAN. This can be achieved through our cooperation. Letâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s start up new businesses together and become global economic leaders. Heads of state and government and entrepreneurial innovators, Believing that ASEANâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s advancement is tantamount to Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s advancement, I have been promoting the New Southern Policy. I have visited all 10 ASEAN member states since taking office two years ago. Throughout the region, I have witnessed innovation, opportunity, and hope.

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Revolution Precrafted, a unicorn startup in the Philippines, has developed technology innovations for modular homes. The company has managed to turn its more-advanced form of prefabricated home into a global business. Its innovations have created a paradigm shift in housing. Gojek CEO Nadiem Makarim saw problems with Indonesia’s motorcycle taxi services, known as Ojek, and turned them into a business opportunity. Gojek has grown as an ondemand multi-service platform, becoming Indonesia’s first unicorn startup and then going on to become a “decacorn.” The company has completely changed everyday life in Indonesia. Grab, a unicorn startup based in Singapore, developed the O2O service platform that integrates on and offline networks to make life easier for people. New jobs have been created by energizing the sharing economy, and small business operators have increased their revenues through Grab. In Cambodia, BookMeBus brought a sharing economy-based digital platform to the transportation services market, allowing small operators to attract more customers. Startups represent innovation in themselves, and they share opportunities and hope for everyone. Korea will walk together with ASEAN countries on the startup path they are taking. The Korean Government has put a high priority on establishing “a nation of innovative startups.” We have stepped up our efforts for cultivating startups while promoting a strategy for creating a “second venture boom,” and a vision for innovation financing. The number of newly established companies in Korea topped 100,000 for the first time last year. The number of unicorn startups has also risen from two in 2016 to 10 this year, ranking Korea sixth in the world. The innovation mood continues to spread. Innovation has no national boundaries. In the Fourth Industrial Revolution era of convergence, boundaries are meaningless. Policy concerning startups is important at the national level, but now such policy requires international cooperation as well.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at ASEAN-ROK Startup Summit and Innovative Growth Showcase

As you just saw in the hologram performance, 11 countries – Korea and the 10 ASEAN member states – must form a single startup ecosystem for unicorns to romp unfettered. I applaud the vision of the Malaysian Global Innovation and Creativity Centre and Brunei’s Darussalam Enterprise (DARe). We will share wisdom and knowhow with initiatives such as Innovative Startup Ecosystem to 2025 in Vietnam, 2020 Go Digital Vision in Indonesia, Thailand 4.0, ICT Master-plan in Cambodia, Smart Nation Strategy in Singapore, Sustainable Development Plan in Myanmar, Vision 2040 in the Philippines, and National Socio-economic Development Plan in Laos. ASEAN leaders, startup CEOs, and entrepreneurs, The startup partnerships agreed upon between Korea and ASEAN are very encouraging. The ASEAN-ROK Startup EXPO, ComeUp 2019, held in conjunction with the ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit, will be made into an annual event to provide a venue for startup representatives to get together. A roadmap for startups over the mid- to long term will be jointly established so that venture capitalists can learn more about government policies and other information concerning startups. A network will be created for their joint investments. A ministers’ meeting for Korea-ASEAN startups will be formed, and a cooperative mechanism will be established to support it. Today’s Startup Summit is where we are first announcing cooperation and solidarity among startups from Korea and ASEAN member states. Special guests have come to mark this very important day. They are the CEOs of 40 ASEAN startups looking to enter the Korean market and participating in the incubation program. They are key players for ushering in Korea-ASEAN cooperation and ecosystems for startups. I look forward to inviting many of them who grow into unicorn startups to be speakers at the 2024 ASEAN-ROK Startup Summit.

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Soon, we will open the ASEAN-ROK Innovative Growth Showcase. Here you can experience the “Innovation Venue” created jointly by startups from Korea and ASEAN member countries. On this occasion, I look forward to ASEAN and Korean startups working together within a single ecosystem and leading efforts for “Prosperity for All” over the next three decades. I also expect ASEAN leaders will pool their strength in this regard. Let’s all start up powerfully together! Thank you.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

November 26, 2019

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit

We have successfully concluded the ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit. I am deeply grateful to the leaders of ASEAN. The colder it becomes, the more we value the warmth of friends. Prime Minister Prayut, who has presided over the summit with me, has made me feel reassured and warm through all of the events. I offer my extraordinary appreciation to Prime Minister Prayut, who has served as Co-Chair, and to the ASEAN Secretary-General. The advancement of ASEAN is the development of Korea. Over the past 30 years of cooperation through friendship and trust, we have surmounted the foreign exchange and global financial crises, demonstrating the potential of Asia. Now we have gained the confidence that we can put forth a new solution for the future of the global village with an Asian spirit that upholds sharing and inclusiveness. At todayâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s summit, we leaders agreed to create an East Asian era of peace and prosperity through Asian cooperation, reaching an agreement on the following forward-looking blueprint.

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First, ASEAN and Korea agreed to expand people-to-people and cultural exchanges and to build a people-centered community. The development of every kind of relationship begins with people. We agreed to push to improve various systems to further expand freer people-to-people exchanges between Korea and ASEAN, which has surpassed 11 million. These include streamlining visa issuance and promoting open skies agreements. Moreover, Korea will more than double the number of ASEAN students on scholarships by 2020, contributing to nurturing the future leaders of ASEAN. Vibrant cultural exchanges are also important in forging friendly Korea-ASEAN relations. Enhanced cooperation between the ASEAN Culture House located here in Busan and the ASEAN Cultural Center in Thailand is expected to facilitate cultural exchanges between the two regions further still. During this Commemorative Summit, ASEAN leaders spoke highly of the Republic of Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s contributions to the development of ASEAN cultural heritage-related digital content, and Korea decided to further strengthen cooperation to enhance Korean language education within ASEAN.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit

Now, more than 600,000 people from ASEAN countries reside in Korea. The Korean Government will take more interest in them and provide enhanced support, including for multicultural families and migrant workers to expand their interests and help them grow as members of their local communities. We will work closely with each country to ensure that Koreans in ASEAN are supported and protected, thereby realizing the value of mutual benefits. Second, Korea and ASEAN will build on free trade to move toward an innovative community of mutual prosperity. Amid growing concerns over protectionism around the world, we reaffirmed that free trade is the way leading to common prosperity. We welcomed the conclusion of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership agreement and agreed to uphold free trade based on the Korea-ASEAN FTA. We also came to an agreement to jointly usher in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. To this end, we will establish cooperation centers within ASEAN for science and technology and standardization as well as for industrial innovation. In addition, we will strengthen startup partnerships. For sustainable prosperity in Korea and ASEAN, it is essential to enhance ASEAN connectivity. As part of the efforts to implement the Master Plan on ASEAN Connectivity 2025, we agreed to strengthen our cooperation in infrastructure, smart cities, finance and the environment. The Republic of Korea doubled its ASEAN-ROK Cooperation Fund this year and will more than double its official development assistance to New Southern Policy target countries by 2022. Korea will also strengthen development cooperation in various fields, including higher education, rural development, transport and public administration, by utilizing its advanced digital technology.

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November 26, 2019

Third, we agreed to more closely work together for a peaceful East Asian Community. Sharing a common understanding that peace and stability in Northeast Asia, including the Korean Peninsula, is linked to security in Southeast Asia, we leaders concurred on strengthening cooperation to build peace in the region. Korea welcomes the ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific, announced by ASEAN member states in June this year, and will work together for regional cooperation based on ASEAN Centrality. ASEAN agreed to cooperate for peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula by utilizing ASEAN-led regional consultative bodies such as the ASEAN Regional Forum for the sake of complete denuclearization and establishment of permanent peace on the Korean Peninsula. Importantly, ASEAN expressed its support for the ROK Government’s initiative to transform the Demilitarized Zone into an international peace zone and discussed concrete measures such as opening a joint liaison office. We also agreed to strengthen cooperation to respond to ever-increasing non-conventional security threats such as terrorism, cross-border crime, cyber security, natural disasters, climate change and marine debris management. We welcome the ROK-ASEAN ministerial meeting on transnational crime to be launched this year and plan to continue cooperative projects in order to build capabilities in non-conventional security areas. Like the slogan of the summit – “Partnership for Peace, Prosperity for People” – Korea and ASEAN will create a more prosperous and peaceful future. Today, Korea and ASEAN adopted the ASEAN-ROK Joint Vision Statement for Peace, Prosperity and Partnership and the Co-Chairs’ Statement. I anticipate that it will be a great milestone for the future of people, prosperity and peace that Korea and ASEAN will usher in. Once again, I extend my heartfelt gratitude to the ASEAN leaders taking part in this ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit. The Asian wisdom that has been shared in this cold winter will warm Asia and all of humanity. Thank you.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

November 27, 2019

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

I get to see the Mekong countriesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; leaders on many occasions, and that makes me feel especially glad. Now, let me declare the start of the historic 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit. Honorable leaders of the Mekong countries, I am very pleased that Mekong-ROK Summit is being held in this year for the first time that marks the 30th anniversary of the establishment of ASEAN-ROK dialogue relations. I am grateful to Prime Minister Prayut for assuming the role of Co-Chair of the Mekong-ROK Summit. I also extend my deep appreciation to Prime Minister Hun Sen, who had proposed the hosting of this summit but could not join us here, and to all the participating leaders gathered today. The Mekong is the great mother of rivers. It enables human beings to live harmoniously with countless species. The river grows rice while flowing into Cambodiaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Tonle Sap Lake and Viet Namâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Mekong Delta, and it also generates hydroelectric power in Laos. From ancient times, the Mekong countries have embraced everything and lived harmoniously together like the river itself.

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The Mekong countries have now become lands of opportunity. Mekong-based cooperation, which began in the 1980s in line with the market-opening trend, is changing everyday lives by the day. Korea has pursued common prosperity on the continent and ocean as a bridging state, and its dreams were fused to the dynamism of Mekong countries long ago. In the course of preparing for the Asia-Pacific era, the Republic of Korea has forged a relationship of mutual prosperity with ASEAN and has now become a special friend of the Mekong countries. The dream of ASEAN and Mekong countries to develop as a united community by narrowing development gaps between member states is the dream of the Republic of Korea. Trade volume between Korea and the Mekong countries stood at US$84.5 billion last year, a 2.4-fold increase in eight years, while investment grew 1.7 times to reach US$3.8 billion. People-to-people exchanges also approximately tripled to seven million. Mekong countries have become Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s key development cooperation partners, receiving more than 20 percent of official development assistance funds.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

With the adoption of the Han River Declaration in 2011, cooperation has been expanded to a wide range of areas, including water resources management, ICT and energy. With the formation of the Mekong-ROK Cooperation Fund and yearly meetings of the Mekong-ROK Business Forum, our cooperation is deepening all the more. While the Mekong countries have achieved a high annual growth of over 6 percent, they have managed sustainable development by establishing a harmony between humankind and nature and have formed a new order through the Asian spirit of sharing and mutual respect. The Mekong region was the center of civilization connecting the civilizations of the Yellow River and Indus Valley. The pride of Angkor Wat, Bagan and Vat Phou and the revival of the Ayutthaya and Champa kingdomsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; legacy of maritime trade are heralding a new era of prosperity. When Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s experience is coupled with the dynamism of the Mekong region, the Miracle on the Hangang River will lead to the Miracle on the Mekong. Korea will stand with the Mekong region in the belief that the development of the Mekong countries is that of Korea. Thank you. Next, I would like to ask Prime Minister Prayut of Thailand, the Chair of ASEAN this year and Co-Chair of the Mekong-ROK Summit, to give his opening remarks.

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November 27, 2019

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

The inaugural Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit has been held in Korea in this year that marks the 30th anniversary of the establishment of ASEAN-ROK dialogue relations. I am grateful to Prime Minister Prayut for having served as Co-Chair for this summit right after having done so at the ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit. I also extend my appreciation to the leaders of the Mekong countries who have helped raise Mekong-ROK cooperation to the summit level. The world is now attentively eyeing the dynamism and growth potential of Mekong countries. Despite negative fallout from protectionism, these countries are leading regional development with their high economic growth. The Republic of Korea has continued to work with the Mekong countries in the hope of supporting their growth and becoming their reliable partner for mutual prosperity in the future. Last year, trade volume between Korea and the Mekong countries surpassed US$84.5 billion, a 2.4-fold increase from 2011. The number of mutual people-to-people exchanges roughly tripled to reach close to seven million. Those projects initiated by the Mekong-ROK Cooperation Fund have gradually expanded their scale.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

Today, we leaders confirmed that Mekong-Korea cooperation has matured and become more solid institutionally. At the same time, we shared an understanding that there will be no limit to the areas requiring further cooperation going forward. The Mekong leaders expressed active support for Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s New Southern Policy. We discussed three development paths to build a people-centered Mekong-ROK partnership of peace and prosperity based on the ROK-Mekong Vision. First, the Mekong countries and Korea will jointly share experiences and move together toward mutual prosperity. The Korea Development Institute and the Korea Institute of Science and Technology are research institutes that served as the cornerstone of Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s economic development. We leaders agreed to strengthen cooperation in the public administration sector and establish a public research institute in the Mekong region that will be modeled after those two. We came to an agreement to jointly respond to the Fourth Industrial Revolution; carry out ICT-based cooperative projects in such fields as education, new growth industries and forest preservation; and nurture individuals with a future-oriented capacity for innovation. We will also work together to implement the type of rural development projects through which Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Saemaul Undong was disseminated and various other projects aimed at enhancing the capabilities of coming generations who will be the main drivers of future cooperation.

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November 27, 2019

Second, we agreed to cooperate more closely for sustainable prosperity. We concurred on strengthening cooperation in areas such as biodiversity, water resources and forests and on jointly responding to the transnational threat surrounding the Mekong River basin. Through the Korea-Mekong biological diversity center to be established in one of the Mekong countries, we will preserve the rich biological resources of the Mekong and explore ways to harness some as new bioindustry growth engines. The Korea-Mekong water resources joint research center to be established within the Korea Water Resources Corp. will serve as a foundation to help utilize the abundant water resources of the Mekong River in a safe and efficient manner. The Korea-Mekong Future Peace Community project will help the people of the Mekong countries lead happier lives by removing landmines and unexploded ordnance in rural areas, providing support for victims and developing rural communities. In order to promote peace through forest cooperation, Mekong country leaders have endorsed the Republic of Korea’s Peace Forest Initiative. We leaders agreed to continue our forest cooperation projects through the Korea-Mekong Forest Cooperation Center and the Asian Forest Cooperation Organization. Third, the Mekong nations and Korea will work to build a peaceful and mutually prosperous East Asia where people are happy. Our common goal is to help the 300 million people living in the Mekong region and Korea thrive together while engaging in close interactions. All the Mekong leaders welcomed the designation of 2021 – the 10th anniversary of KoreaMekong ministerial cooperation – as the year of Korea-Mekong exchanges. It will serve as an opportunity for the peoples of Korea and Mekong countries to engage in more frequent exchanges and promote understanding of each other’s culture.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

The Mekong regionâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s growth starts with the narrowing of development gaps. Korea agreed to contribute to the strengthening of regional connectivity by expanding such infrastructure as roads, bridges, railroads and ports, as exemplified by construction of the Korea-Myanmar Friendship Bridge, or Dala Bridge. The Mekong leaders expressed their agreement that peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula are essential for the common prosperity of Korea and the Mekong region. They discussed the idea of transforming the Demilitarized Zone into an international peace zone and agreed to work together to achieve complete denuclearization and permanent peace on the Korean Peninsula. Today, which will be remembered as the first year of the new Korea-Mekong cooperation, we laid the cornerstone to drastically develop Korea-Mekong relations. The Mekong-Hangang River Declaration for Establishing Partnership for People, Prosperity and Peace, adopted as the summitâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s outcome, will serve as a milestone in the process of creating a people-centered partnership of peace and prosperity that goes beyond economic cooperation. I extend my heartfelt gratitude to the leaders of the five Mekong nations for being here and look forward to seeing you all again in Vietnam next year. Thank you.

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November 27, 2019

Message from President Moon Jae-in upon Concluding ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit and Mekong-ROK Summit

We cannot expand our national territory, but we can broaden the scope of our lives and ideas as much as possible. If we respect, connect and cooperate with each other, there will be no limit to economic and cultural boundaries. I hope that the two summits held this time will help our people feel closer to ASEAN over the horizon and recognize the region as a space for living. ASEAN countries are young, dynamic, and they have great growth potential. Nonetheless, they want to achieve growth step by step in a manner of their choosing while protecting their unique cultures. That is why our experience of having accomplished economic growth and democracy while maintaining our identity even when surrounded by major powers appeals to ASEAN. Economic cooperation with ASEAN will bring great benefits even to one another’s future generations. ASEAN countries value harmony, and they are inclusive. In the face of ever-increasing issues such as polarization, climate change and international conflicts that require joint actions to resolve, ASEAN looks for solutions through dialogue from early on. What makes this possible is the underlying “Asian spirit,” which regards mutual benefit as a virtue. In the 21st century, Asian wisdom will be able to bring hope to humanity.

2019 ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit The 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

Busan is where the continent and ocean meet. Our long-lasting dream is to emerge as a bridging state between the continent and ocean, absorbing and connecting the strengths of both sides. While building friendships with the 10 ASEAN countries, we have opened up more sea routes. Now, what remains is to cross the continent by land from Busan. Even if there are difficult junctures and all sorts of impasses ahead of us, we cannot give up the dream of becoming a bridging nation. We can become a country that is not struggling while stuck between major powers but that links them together and creates peace and prosperity. Busan is the starting point. I want to realize this dream together with the people. Now, I am seeing off precious guests. The last four days have been a time to confirm that ASEANâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s dream is Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s dream. The consideration and commitment demonstrated by the ASEAN leaders at this summit will transform the world into a warmer, more dynamic and more peaceful place, going beyond Asia. I extend my gratitude to you for being here together. I hope that you will return home with pleasant memories.

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INDEX

May, 2019 186

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 2019 National Fiscal Strategy Meeting

2019-05-16

040

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 39th Anniversary of May 18 Gwangju Democratization Movement

2019-05-18

233

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Biohealth National Vision Proclamation Ceremony (9th Stop of Nationwide Economic Tour: Chungcheongbuk-do Province)

2019-05-22

June 296

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 24th Environment Day Ceremony

2019-06-05

047

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 64th Memorial Day

2019-06-06

338

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-Finland Summit

2019-06-10

342

Keynote Speech by President Moon Jae-in at Oslo Forum “Peace for the People”

2019-06-12

352

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-Norway Summit

2019-06-13

356

Address by President Moon Jae-in at Riksdag of Sweden “Trust for Denuclearization and Peace on the Korean Peninsula”

2019-06-14

365

Keynote Address by President Moon Jae-in at Sweden-Korea Business Summit

2019-06-14

371

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-Sweden Summit

2019-06-15

239

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Manufacturing Renaissance Vision Declaration Ceremony

2019-06-19

392

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at First Session of 14th G20 Summit in Osaka, Japan

2019-06-28

395

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in as Lead Speaker at Third Session of 14th G20 Summit in Osaka, Japan

2019-06-29

428

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-U.S. Summit

2019-06-30

July 431

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 26th Cabinet Meeting

2019-07-02

303

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in Presenting Achievements of National Health Insurance Coverage Expansion Policy upon Its Second Anniversary

2019-07-02

192

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s 2nd Social Economy Fair

2019-07-05

217

Congratulatory Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for Mutually Beneficial Job Creation Investment Agreement in Gumi

2019-07-25

August 274

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Emergency Cabinet Meeting

2019-08-02

278

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in During Visit to Parts and Materials Production Site

2019-08-07

055

Address by President Moon Jae-in on Koreaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s 74th Liberation Day

2019-08-15

282

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for New Carbon Fiber Investment Agreement in Jeollabuk-do Province

2019-08-20

September 375

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Republic of Korea-Kingdom of Thailand Summit

2019-09-02

379

Keynote Speech by President Moon Jae-in at Thailand-Korea Business Forum

2019-09-02

385

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Republic of Korea-Republic of the Union of Myanmar Summit

2019-09-03

389

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Ceremony in Laos to Unveil “Republic of Korea-Mekong Vision”

2019-09-05

288

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Cabinet Meeting on Competitiveness of Materials, Parts and Equipment Industries

2019-09-10

247

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Presentation of Three Strategies for Innovative Content Industry

2019-09-17

398

Address by President Moon Jae-in at Preparation Event for P4G Summit

2019-09-23

402

Address by President Moon Jae-in at 74th Session of United Nations General Assembly

2019-09-24

October 066

Address by President Moon Jae-in at 71st Armed Forces Day

2019-10-01

309

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in on 13th World Korean Day

2019-10-05

253

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for Samsung Display’s New Investment Agreement

2019-10-10

258

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Presentation of New Maritime and Fishing Industry Innovation Strategy

2019-10-10

263

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Future Car Industry National Vision Declaration Ceremony

2019-10-15

072

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 40th Anniversary of Busan-Masan Democratic Protests

2019-10-16

198

Address by President Moon Jae-in at National Assembly to Propose Government Budget for 2020

2019-10-22

434

Keynote Address by President Moon Jae-in at Korea-Spain Business Forum

2019-10-24

223

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for Mutually Beneficial, Gunsan-type Jobs Agreement

2019-10-24

314

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Ministerial Meeting on Education Reform

2019-10-25

November 410

Concluding Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at ASEAN Plus Three Summit

2019-11-04

414

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 14th East Asia Summit

2019-11-04

418

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 3rd RCEP Summit

2019-11-04

319

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting with His Senior Secretaries

2019-11-11

450

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Cabinet Meeting

2019-11-12

454

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Groundbreaking Ceremony for Busan Eco Delta Smart City

2019-11-24

458

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 2019 ASEAN-ROK CEO Summit

2019-11-25

464

Welcoming Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at ASEAN-ROK Culture Innovation Summit

2019-11-25

467

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at ASEAN-Republic of Korea Commemorative Summit

2019-11-26

470

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at ASEAN-ROK Startup Summit and Innovative Growth Showcase

2019-11-26

475

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit

2019-11-26

479

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

2019-11-27

482

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following 1st Mekong-Republic of Korea Summit

2019-11-27

486

Message from President Moon Jae-in upon Concluding ASEAN-ROK Commemorative Summit and Mekong-ROK Summit

2019-11-27

December 211

Congratulatory Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 56th Trade Day Ceremony

2019-12-05

323

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Luncheon with Presidential Commission on Centennial Anniversary of March 1st Independence Movement and Korea Provisional Government

2019-12-13

439

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Republic of Korea-Kingdom of Sweden Business Summit

2019-12-18

420

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Korea-Japan-China Business Summit

2019-12-24

425

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Press Conference Following Korea-Japan-China Summit

2019-12-24

January, 2020 269

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Eco-friendly Automobile Export Port

2020-01-03

078

2020 New Yearâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Address by President Moon Jae-in

2020-01-07

328

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 3rd Cabinet Meeting

2020-01-21

126

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting to Check Measures against New Coronavirus Infections

2020-01-30

February 130

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting with His Senior Secretaries

2020-02-03

134

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 5th Cabinet Meeting

2020-02-04

228

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Signing Ceremony for Mutually Beneficial Busan-type Jobs Agreement

2020-02-06

138

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Special Meeting in Daegu for COVID-19 Countermeasures

2020-02-25

March 091

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 101st March First Independence Movement Day

2020-03-01

140

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 1st Emergency Economic Council Meeting

2020-03-19

144

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 2nd Emergency Economic Council Meeting

2020-03-24

147

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting with Producers of COVID-19 Diagnostic Kits Approved for Emergency Use

2020-03-25

150

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at G20 2020 Extraordinary Virtual Leaders Summit

2020-03-26

099

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 5th West Sea Defense Day

2020-03-27

154

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 3rd Emergency Economic Council Meeting

2020-03-30

April 157

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in during Visit to Gumi National Industrial Complex

2020-04-01

104

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 72nd Anniversary Memorial Ceremony in Honor of Victims of Jeju April 3 Incident

2020-04-03

332

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Reforestation Site in Gangwon-do Province

2020-04-05

161

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting to Discuss Provision of Emergency Financing to Businesses and Microbusiness Owners

2020-04-06

164

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 4th Emergency Economic Council Meeting

2020-04-08

168

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Joint Meeting with Industry, Academia, Research Institutions and Hospitals to Develop COVID-19 Treatments and Vaccine

2020-04-09

111

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 101st Anniversary of Founding of Provisional Republic of Korea Government

2020-04-11

172

Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Special ASEAN Plus Three Summit

2020-04-14

118

Address by President Moon Jae-in on 60th Anniversary of April 19 Revolution

2020-04-19

176

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 5th Emergency Economic Council Meeting

2020-04-22

444

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at Meeting with His Senior Secretaries

2020-04-27

180

Opening Remarks by President Moon Jae-in at 22nd Cabinet Meeting

2020-04-28

May 028

Special Address by President Moon Jae-in to Mark Three Years in Office

2020-05-10

Publishers

heong Wa Dae‚ Ofﬁce of the President C Korean Culture and Information Service

Printed

May 2020

Design

Design Floww

ISBN

978-89-7375-005-4

Korean www.president.go.kr English english.president.go.kr

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SELECTED SPEECHES Ⅲ

Moon Jae-in

President of the Republic of Korea

SELECTED SPEECHES Ⅲ

Moon Jae-in President of the Republic of Korea

May 10, 2019 − May 10, 2020