HD NLE Tech Basic
이영규 Tommy Lee SantaFe HD Cinematographer D.I.T Director
Video F
Formats
Analog fo Composite S-Video (Separated Video)
Component (BetaCam)
ormats (SD) 1-line video 2-lines video
Y/C 3-lines video
YCbCr
RG Red Green Blue
YCb
GB
bCr
YCb Y = Luma (Y’)
C = Chrominanc
* ITU-R BT.601 (CCIR601)
* International Telecommunication U * Consultative Committee on Interna
bCr
ce
)
Union - Radiocommunication Sector ational Radio
RGB
YCbCr
YU
UV
YDbDr
YIQ
Digital DV (SD)
F
(DVCAM / DVCPRO25)
SD
S
(Standard Definition)
S
HD
S
(High Definition)
S
HDV
F
l formats
FireWire
SDI
: SD-SDI
Serial Digital Interface
SDI or FireWire : HD-SDI
Serial Digital Interface
FireWire
HDV
HD D HD Frame Size
MP
DV DV Data Size
PEG
MPEG
Motion Pictur
I frame : int P frame : pr B frame : bi
IBBPBBP
15 f
re Expert Group
tra
redicted
i-directional
BBPBBPBP
frames
GOP: Grou
I BB PBB PB
Long-GOP
II I I I I I I I-frame only
up Of Pictures
BB PBB PBP
IIIIIIII
Frame & Time
e Rate ecode
Telev
(National Television System Co
(Phase Alterna
SE
(SĂŠquentiel couleur avec : Sequencial color wit
vision NTSC
ommittee)
PAL
ating Line)
ECAM
c mĂŠmoire) th memory
525-lines 29.97 fps 625-lines 25 fps 625-lines 25 fps
Coun
ntries
SMP
Society of Motion Picture
00:00:
PTE
e and Television Engineers
:00:00 24 fps 25 fps 29.97 fps 30 fps
LT
Linear(Longitud
aud
VIT
Vertical Interv
vid
TC
dinal) Timecode
dio
TC
val Timecode
deo
RC
Rewritable Cons
it’s not
DV T
DV, DVCAM, DVCPRO
it’s not
CTC
sumer Timecode
SMPTE
Time
O, DVCPRO HD, HDV
SMPTE
30 fps 1
2
0 sec
29.97 fps 1 0 sec
2
29
30 1 sec
29
30 1 sec
29.97 fps
30 x 3,600sec = 108
NDF
108,000 - 108 fram
DF
timecode : 0 real time : 0
1 hr
108 frames 3.6 sec
8,000 frames timecode : 01:00:00:00 real time : 01:00:03:18
1 hr
mes
01:00:00:00 01:00:00:00
Drop-Frame 00:00:59:29 00:01:59:29 00:02:59:29
.... 00:09:59:29
2 frames X 9 min X 6
e Timecode 00:01:00:02 00:02:00:02 00:03:00:02
.... 00:10:00:00
6 times = 108 frames
Field Pixel A
ds & Aspect
Fie 1 2 3 4 5 6
Frame odd (upper) even (lower) intelaced
elds 1 2 3 4 5 6
Frame
progressive
dominance: odd 1 3 5
2 4 6
PAL / HD 1080i progressive: 1
2
3
4
5
6
HD 720p / 108
dominance: even
80p
1 3 5
2 4 6
NTSC
Pulld to fields
A A
A
B
B B
B
2:3:2:3
A A
B B
B
2:3:3:2 pul
down C
C
D
C D
D D
3 pulldown
C
C C
lldown [24pA]
D D
dpi vs. dpi
dots per in
1i
pixel
pix (picture
. pixel
nch
inch
?
es) + el (element)
?
dpi
1 inch
twice
pixel twice
h
smaller
Vid
higher quality
lower quality
deo bigger
Pixel Asp x y
P
par = 1
par
pect Ratio
Pixel aspect ratio =
< 1
x y
par > 1
640 x 480 4:3 (O)
720 x 480 4:3 (X)
720 x 480 (640 x 480)
4:3 (O)
par = 1
par = 1
par < 1 (0.9)
Gamma C
Correction
Gamma C Vout = Vin
Correction ‘gamma’ ��
nonlinear
Vout
Gamma Corrected 1.0
0.0
CRT
CRT view File
d
1.0
Vin
gamma < 1
gamma compression = g
gamma > 1
gamma expansion = gam
gamma = 1 linear
gamma encoding
mma decoding
gamma < 1
gamma > 1
NTSC television / CRT / Windo
gamma = 2.2
Macintosh
gamma = 1.8
LCD
gamma = 2.5
ows PC
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