HDTV 테크닉 기초

HD NLE Tech Basic

이영규 Tommy Lee SantaFe HD Cinematographer D.I.T Director

Video F

Formats

Analog fo Composite S-Video (Separated Video)

Component (BetaCam)

ormats (SD) 1-line video 2-lines video

Y/C 3-lines video

YCbCr

RG Red Green Blue

YCb

GB

bCr

YCb Y = Luma (Y’)

C = Chrominanc

* ITU-R BT.601 (CCIR601)

* International Telecommunication U * Consultative Committee on Interna

bCr

ce

)

Union - Radiocommunication Sector ational Radio

RGB

YCbCr

YU

UV

YDbDr

YIQ

Digital DV (SD)

F

(DVCAM / DVCPRO25)

SD

S

(Standard Definition)

S

HD

S

(High Definition)

S

HDV

F

l formats

FireWire

SDI

: SD-SDI

Serial Digital Interface

SDI or FireWire : HD-SDI

Serial Digital Interface

FireWire

HDV

HD D HD Frame Size

MP

DV DV Data Size

PEG

MPEG

Motion Pictur

I frame : int P frame : pr B frame : bi

IBBPBBP

15 f

re Expert Group

tra

redicted

i-directional

BBPBBPBP

frames

GOP: Grou

I BB PBB PB

Long-GOP

II I I I I I I I-frame only

up Of Pictures

BB PBB PBP

IIIIIIII

Frame & Time

e Rate ecode

Telev

(National Television System Co

(Phase Alterna

SE

(SĂŠquentiel couleur avec : Sequencial color wit

vision NTSC

ommittee)

PAL

ating Line)

ECAM

c mĂŠmoire) th memory

525-lines 29.97 fps 625-lines 25 fps 625-lines 25 fps

Coun

ntries

SMP

Society of Motion Picture

00:00:

PTE

e and Television Engineers

:00:00 24 fps 25 fps 29.97 fps 30 fps

LT

Linear(Longitud

aud

VIT

Vertical Interv

vid

TC

dinal) Timecode

dio

TC

val Timecode

deo

RC

Rewritable Cons

it’s not

DV T

DV, DVCAM, DVCPRO

it’s not

CTC

sumer Timecode

SMPTE

Time

O, DVCPRO HD, HDV

SMPTE

30 fps 1

2

0 sec

29.97 fps 1 0 sec

2

29

30 1 sec

29

30 1 sec

29.97 fps

30 x 3,600sec = 108

NDF

108,000 - 108 fram

DF

timecode : 0 real time : 0

1 hr

108 frames 3.6 sec

8,000 frames timecode : 01:00:00:00 real time : 01:00:03:18

1 hr

mes

01:00:00:00 01:00:00:00

Drop-Frame 00:00:59:29 00:01:59:29 00:02:59:29

....

00:09:59:29

2 frames X 9 min X 6

e Timecode 00:01:00:02 00:02:00:02 00:03:00:02

....

00:10:00:00

6 times = 108 frames

Field Pixel A

ds & Aspect

Fie 1 2 3 4 5 6

Frame odd (upper) even (lower) intelaced

elds 1 2 3 4 5 6

Frame

progressive

dominance: odd 1 3 5

2 4 6

PAL / HD 1080i progressive: 1

2

3

4

5

6

HD 720p / 108

dominance: even

80p

1 3 5

2 4 6

NTSC

Pulld to fields

A A

A

B

B B

B

2:3:2:3

A A

B B

B

2:3:3:2 pul

down C

C

D

C D

D D

3 pulldown

C

C C

lldown [24pA]

D D

dpi vs. dpi

dots per in

1i

pixel

pix (picture

. pixel

nch

inch

?

es) + el (element)

?

dpi

1 inch

twice

pixel twice

h

smaller

Vid

higher quality

lower quality

deo bigger

Pixel Asp x y

P

par = 1

par

pect Ratio

Pixel aspect ratio =

< 1

x y

par > 1

640 x 480 4:3 (O)

720 x 480 4:3 (X)

720 x 480 (640 x 480)

4:3 (O)

par = 1

par = 1

par < 1 (0.9)

Gamma C

Correction

Gamma C Vout = Vin

Correction ‘gamma’ ��

nonlinear

Vout

Gamma Corrected 1.0

0.0

CRT

CRT view File

d

1.0

Vin

gamma < 1

gamma compression = g

gamma > 1

gamma expansion = gam

gamma = 1 linear

gamma encoding

mma decoding

gamma < 1

gamma > 1

NTSC television / CRT / Windo

gamma = 2.2

Macintosh

gamma = 1.8

LCD

gamma = 2.5

ows PC

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