ro,pf
rS«>B»SiK^
Jacob C. Cassel 915 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa Manufacturer of
AQUARIUMS Aquarium Ornaments Floral Terra Cotta, Etc.
and
AH -yyvx^
8°^
—
:xxxx
u-rv-ir-
3000(
)oooc
4««..rk«:.w»^ C»^^:»Uwr P^ Aquarium »3pecialiy Lo.
When some were
most successful
of our
called to the Colors
We
of fishes, plants, aquaria, etc.
aquarium requisites. Send for Catalog.
all
XXXJC
414
r)000<
E.
^
>CXX3C
TREMONT AVENUE TREMON
new york
city
and Breeders
Collectors, Aquarists
we were not slow
Fish Food
Fish Globes
Goldfish
taking over their entire stocks are thus in a position to offer a larger colin
and
lection
RARER SPECIES OF TROPICAL FISHES AND GOLDFISHES we have been able to show during the past three years. Naturally, the demand for the unusual fishes will exceed the supply, and for this reason only than
We
the earlier purchasers will secure the most desirable specimens. the goldfish fanciers and breeders to speed up their demands.
AS TO OUR PRICES: Some
WHAT WE
DID BUY we
CAN AND WILL SELL AQUARIUM SPECIALTY
we were offered a motley collection amount asked. Of course, we refused
time ago
of Tropical fishes hardly worth half the to buy.
have bought at the right prices, and
OOOOCTDOOOC
414
CO.,
E.
ZXDOOCTDOOOC
YOU
IF
Are Looking for Something Extra Fine in Broad -tail Telescopes
Dont
Forget
W.
H.
HEIMBACH
Breeder and Importer of Snails
FISH
FINE FISH
Plants
FOR SALE AT ALL TIMES 413
!
Tremont Avenue
K-inrv>
vnt-in i
>
—mH
<
::
New York
City
Manager. DOOOl
Z)000CZZ3000C
)COOC
DC=3o8
BETTER CUTS AT BETTER PRICES s
1^
PROMPT SERVICE GUARANTEED
\m\\\\\ii\\\t\ium ARTISTS
44
North Tenth Street Allentown, Pa. >nno «
WE
at prices as reasonable as possible.
JOSEPH TAUBLES, Ooc^c
also urge
^
ENGRAVERS
N.4i:y
-
PHOTOGRAPHERS
STREET PHILA.
SEND FOR SAMPLESa^pPRICES THEY WILLINTEREST YOU
n^w^ipy
Qrie Variegated
j
Minno\\?
ERNEST LEITHOLF i
The variegated or sheepshead minnow, Cvprinodon variegatus, is an abundant cpecies along our Atlantic coast, ranging from Massachusetts to the Rio Grande.
may
Stragglers
be found
in salt water,
of brackish
seems essentially a fish though it ascends the rivers in This adaptability makes fresh water. acclimatization in the fresh water aqua-
but
it
situations,
to
an inch, and added a pinch of
They were the most helpless that have come to my notice.
salt.
lot of
fry
The four
that survived out of the original thirty
swim freely The lack
did not
month
old.
until they
of vigor
were a
may have
been due to changed environment, the
rium a comparatively simple proceedure. The dominating color in both sexes is olive, mottled on a silvery background in a suggestion of upright bars, those of the
male being of a darker shade. The back of the male, between the head and the dorsal,
of shining pale
carries a patch
The
blue.
pectoral fins are orange; ven-
edged with light yellow anal dusky dorsal with orange border dusky, front margin orange and rear black caudal or tail fin with a dark bar at tip and another at base. The female is trals,
at
;
base,
;
;
pale olive
The
whitish or yellowish below.
;
dorsal carries a black spot or ocellus
toward the top
caudal red-
The Variegated Minnow
dish with a black basal bar; other fins
Youngster above, mature male below
at the rear
pale.
male,
The female is which may reach
;
smaller than the
species normally
a length of three
salt
spawning
After the
water.
fifth
in brackish or
or sixth
week
inches.
the four babies developed a ravenous ap-
Our pair proceeded to spawn in an aquarium holding less than two gallons. The eggs were discovered scattered about
petite,
die
tank,
adhering to the plants, indi-
cating that they were expelled and fertilized
one
at a time.
six to ten days later.
and devoured great quantities of mosquito larvae and other foods. Growth
was long
rapid, I
nity tank.
The
dead
I
to the
fry appeared found them ex-
ceedingly difficult to raise.
Though
the
!
and when they were an inch
my large commuThe next morning they were is probable that this was due
placed them in
It
change of water.
(The variegated minnow has been
tank contained but six inches of water, they struggled day after day to reach the
cessfully
surface, until finally
that the eggs are
I
reduced the depth
bred
Hildebrand,
in
in
salt
water
suc-
aquaria.
a recent paper, observes
produced
at intervals of
â&#x20AC;˘aquatic JLite
70
Ten days to a month varying length. may pass, or eggs may be deposited daily
of
for a considerable period.
the first to appear will be by Dr. Shu-
The
digestive tract
is
long and convo-
two and one-third times the length of the fish, which indiluted, equal to about
cates that
forming
it is
vegetarian in nature, plants
This should
principal food.
its
be considered in breeding, and an old tank well grown with algse should be proIt is not,
vided.
however, averse to ani-
mal foods. It is quite ferocious and will and devour fishes larger than itself,
the
Surgeon General and the Secretary War. In this new series of Bulletins,
feldt, and is entitled "A Comparative Study of Certain Cranial Sutures in the
Primates."
Shufeldt
Dr.
at
is
present writing a
ichthyology
of
history
The
Aquatic
for
which concerns the work of Aristotle, has been received, and will be published in an early number. Life.
first part,
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
Editor.
-
kill
Like wolves, a number have been observed to make a concerted attack upon one com-
even
its
own
mon it is
From
victim.
this
follows that
it
scarcely a desirable fish for a "happ>
Such species as Fundulns F. iiiajalis. themselves and heteroclitus family" tank.
aggressive, are unable to withstand
its
Editor.)
attacks.
The Water Spider
kin.
individuals
of
The water-spiders members of their
ing
are ordinary-lookclass,
and can
live
home
quite well on land, but are at
in
the water. Their bodies are covered with fine, close
hairs,
amongst which the
air
when they descend beneath is The air gives them a silvery the water. appearance hence the name Silverentangled
;
spider.
The Water-spider
Dr. Shufeldt Returns to the Regular
beneath the water
Army
ner.
At
his
own
request. Dr. R.
W. Shu-
been returned to the active list of the Medical Corps of the Regular Army, and has been detailed to the Army Medical Museum, in Washington. This feldt has
in
constructs
First descending,
web amongst finished,
it
the
its
nest
an interesting manit
spins a close
water-plants.
rises to the surface
trudes the hinder part of
its
When and pro-
body, thus
obtaining an air bubble, which
the office of the Surgeon General of the
it holds by and climbs down a thread spun for the purpose to the web, under which it releases the bubble which is retained by the web. This is repeated many times until the web is dome-shaped by the accumulation of air. The nest is now used as a refuge, winter quarters or to contain the eggs, though a special one
Army. This new
may
is
quite in line with his tastes
but
may
in certain
and
desires,
necessarily cause a curtailment
other research work.
It is interesting to
money has
note that a
recently been
made
sum
of
available
for a resumption of the publications by
series has
been founded
means of
be
its
hind
built
legs,
for
the
latter
purpose.
for the purpose of opening an avenue for
Water-spiders
the publication of such contributions on
water animals, and occasionally on each
human and comparative anatomy,
other.
normal and pathological, as medical
both
small
land and
offi-
of the army may contribute, and which come up to the standard required by the Advisory Board, approved of by cers
feed on
Love your neighbor and share your daphne with him yet don't pull down your fence. ;
Water Aquaria
Salt
IDA M. MELLEM.
Secretary).
hardj)
and
Home
The Hew York Aquarium
YOUNG TAUTOG OR A
at
BLACKFISH
interesting fisK for the marine
aquarium f
The peculiar beauty and charm of animal and plant life in the sea arouses in our minds a natural craving to enjoy it close at hand.
This
is
a comparatively
easy feat for residents of the coast,
may
collect plants
selves
who
and animals for them-
and procure plenty of sea water;
but for the inland aquarist requiring
more
it
delicate care
is
a matter
and closer
concentration. Salt water can be shipped inland
the coast with the animals
and
from
plants.
Formulas for the preparation of artificial sea water have been devised, but we do not know of any one who has succeeded
oration
is
replenished by water from the
rivers that constantly flow into
them and ;
though they acquire some additional
from the stance
is
salt
rivers, their loss of that sub-
so
small
that
the
new
salt
acquired really adds to their salinity. It is therefore quite practicable to replace
through evaporation in the salt water aquarium with fresh water from the faucet once a week; and a watering can is very good for the purpose. loss
It is 75 years since the balanced aquarium was
England, and been at work
first salt
water
established in
many experimenters have in the field since that
time
with them.
That
salts in
water are not subject to is illustrated by the
great evaporation,
eternal salinity of the seas,
whose evap-
*Read at a meeting of The Chicago Aquarium Society. Published by permission of The New York Zoological Society, with courtesy of use of illustrations.
Si(\mtit JLitt
72
but for the effecting of a perfect balance of marine animals and plants difficult to
it
advanace any unfailing
As with fresh-water forms,
much animal
life is certain to
prove
All-glass aquaria are the best for salt
recipe.
water, and are the only kind used at the
the animals
depend largely upon the oxygen thrown
New York Aquarium
for small marine
balanced aquaria.
v^-^-^Âť
I
A
fatal.
still
is
SELF-SUSTAINING SALT
^ n ^Âť
^iff
WATER AQUARIUM
/.
off
by the
plants, while the plants take
up
the carbonic acid gas exhaled by the ani-
mals
;
and,
as
with
fresh
water,
the
iquaria whose capacities are measured by the gallon are more satisfactory than those holding only quarts. There is small danger from an excess of plants, but too
Marine the
collections of the
"happy fam-
order are successfully maintained
ily"
New York Aquarium
at
in eight-gallon
jars,
with two kinds of plants, and as
many
as eleven forms of animal
life.
The
plants are the red alga Soleria chordalis,
sometimes attaching
itself to rocks,
and
Slquatlc again living free at the bottom, and the
green
sea-lettuce
buoyed with
(
bits of
Ulva
latissima)
cork to cover two-
and allowed to hang down ten inches from the top on the side thirds of the surface
are
73
or so in diameter, are interesting (crabs being truly comical animals) and desirfor they pick up scraps
able,
especially It
is
good scavengers.
well to place an inch or
fine pebbles,
Northern white coral (colonies rangfrom 2 to 6 inches in diame-
ing in size ter).
Brown anemones
(3 or 4).
White anemones (3 or
4).
Tunicates (Molgida) (3 or 4). Killifishes, 2 inches long (2 or 3). Variegated minnows, 2 inches long (2 or 3).
Prawns, i^^ inches long (2 or 3). eels, 3 or 4 inches long ( i or
Young
Mud
{Nassa obsoleta)
snails
Oyster
(
i
(
i
to 12).
)
Little-neck clam
{J^emis mercenaria)
(I)-
and a few stones must be added for the attachment of anemones, and for the crabs to hide under. Care must be taken to wash the sand
thoroughly.
dirty,
and
to the gallon of water.
It
can be seen
from the list just given that a gallon will accommodate more than one animal even more than four but in experiments with marine aquaria too much modera-
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;
tion cannot be
urged
Sea-lettuce
is
the
balanced
may
be used with
"Flame
at the start.
absolutely essential for
aquarium.
weed"
dead,
it,
Other plants
as the red alga called
{Grinella
sun-dried
ainericana)
hydroids
;
such as
Sertidaria argentea and S. pinnata,
make
good ornamental effects. Other animals which can be successfully
Bird gravel
confined
small mussels in length,
cially the
in
â&#x20AC;&#x201D; say
balanced aquaria are a quarter of
an inch
rock barnacles, annelids (espetube dwellers), and very small
crabs. Large crabs tear the plants and catch the fishes, but small specimens of
mud and
spider crabs one-half inch
very
is
aquarium
will ruin the
if
put
before cleansing.
in
Hermit crabs should be provided with empty shells of a suitable size, so that when they outgrow the home they are living in and go house hunting for a large
new dwelling
will
be at hand.
They
are pugnacious, and two will fight
hard
for
the
possession
of
desired
a
shell.
and
Little-neck clams
Warning has been given the beginner by some aquarists to limit his animals one
f;nd
two of white sand, or bird gravel on
the bottom of the jar,
one, the
2).
from the
bottom; and the small hermit crabs are
The animals
of the jar nearest the light.
the
mtt
oysters,
whose
siphons are always busy, are valuable as clarifiers.
Snails which
consume vegetation are
to
The periwinkles do
be guarded against.
not thrive so well in standing water, but
no balanced aquarium out a few
mud
snails
is
complete with-
{Nassa obsoleta).
These do not harm the vegetation apprepreferring animal food, and be-
ciably,
sides being excellent scavengers, are al-
ways
interesting to watch, with their long
inquisitive like
siphons traveling on before an elephant's trunk, and specimens
are often seen carrying around a little roof garden of minute green plants, an occasional snail being so thickly covered
with
the
fine
Bnteromorpha
marine
alga
known
as
might be mistaken at first glance for a sea mouse. The mud snail, found all the way from Massachusetts
to
that
Florida,
is
it
the
commonest of
small Atlantic Coast mollusks.
Young specimens
of starfishes
may
be
j^quatlc Jiitt
74 kept.
They
live
on mollusks, however,
however, and a supply of the is
With
necessary for them.
mud
snails
a starfish
it
would not be possible to keep alive an oyster, clam, or any other mollusk in the jar, and at best the starfishes are not long-lived in captivity.
Probably the most attractive of all small fishes is the sea horse and the gen-
own one
eral desire to
is
one
in the
The
little
same
if
is
so great that
they could not keep
difficult to
Gammarus
water
provide
— the
minute
shrimp that infests the sea-lettuce. Some have succeeded in maintaining Sea horses for a number of months in balanced aquaria by feeding them with fresh chop-
ped prawn on the end of a die
little fish
take.
stick,
which
soon grows tame enough to
A New
and aquarium
York
dealer in aquaria
supplies,
he
water shrimps
for except with running sea water and salt
—
process
jar with their goldfishes!
creature
—
;
SEA-LETTUCE (ULVA)
people even inquire
horses, tells us that he feeds them on Daphnia the common water flea of the ponds by taking the sea horses out of the salt water and the daphnia out of the fresh water, and putting them all into brackish water one-third salt and twoWithin an hour the sea thirds fresh. horses are replaced in salt water, and this
who
sells
sea
repeats
may
each
day.
Fresh-
be used in the same
AND RED SEAWEED
way. last
During
winter
Gaiumarus enticing some
a shortage of
we succeeded
in
of the sea horses to eat the fresh-water
worm
Tubifex, which will live for half
an hour
in salt water.
Other fishes, also crabs and prawns, annoy the sea horse, but it is possible to keep anemones, barnacles, oysters and clams in the same jar with them. The salt water aquarium requires strong light, but should have very little none in the summer, and direct sunlight not over an hour or two a day in winter.
—
aquatic
JLite
The most useful cover is one made of same diameter as the jar,
filtering through four or five thicknesses of cheesecloth, or letting it seep through a sponge placed in the bottom hole of a
glass, of the
with bits of cork glued to
edges at
its
several places in such wise as to allow
when
on the
set
a quarter of an inch
watering can.
it,
on the corks
jar, to rest
employed
above the top of the
and keeps out
only
is
discouraged animals
fed
balanced aquaria are
difficult
the novice impossible.
dust.
New York Aquarium
At the
What
retards evaporation,
etc.,
The same method may be the water appears a
if
three
if
that ''Patience
overcome
and, as a wise
woman
end of a
the impossible
is
ceps,
a
all
times a week with macerated clam, care stick or with long wooden forupon the tentacles of the corals and anemones, which may then be seen to
All food
not eaten within a few hours
carefully
siphoned
ofif
is
fresh
Fresh
it,
chopped, would serve.
fish,
finely
fish,
however,
is oily,
and even an
expert aquarist must take unusual care
using
in
A
bit
stick,
it.
of
wood
stuck on the end of a
and covered with
felt
notice in your
T
fresh-water mussels, or
or cheese
cloth, is useful to clean the inside of the
In the matter of impurities in the
water, an ounce of prevention
many
a
pound of
is
worth
cure, particularly in the
inland marine aquarium.
Watchfulness
for dying plants and dead animals, and their speedy removal,
For
this a
highly requisite.
long wooden forceps
venient tool. bit of
is
Some
is
a con-
aquarists advocate a
charcoal placed under the rocks as
a clarifier.
During a succession of gray
days, the water
may
be jerated by lifting
out a dipper full at a time, and letting
it
back from a height of several inches. the sand appears dirty, it is well to siphon off the bottom with a rubber tube fall
December number a fish, Medaka. knowing that the little
reference to the Japanese I
am
interested in
eggs and
fish lays
some of not
its
belong
not viviparous like
is
American to
the
relatives.
genus
It
does
Haplochilus,
however, but is type of a distinct group which I have called Orysias, because it
swarms
the ditches of the Japanese
in
(Oryza=rice
rice fields
name
right glass.
that the impossible takes
The Medaka
For the inland aquarium dried shrimp, soaked out of
obstacles,"
longer time.
little
with a glass tube.
dessicated codfish after the salt has been
howand
once remarked, the only difference between the difficult and
being taken to drop small pieces on the
carry the food to their mouths.
all
to
not be
his first efforts fail,
remember
ever, but
may appear
He must
perseverance
in
trifle
cloudy.
aquarium. The cover prevents the escape of crabs, snails,
75
is
in Greek). Its Orysias latipes.â&#x20AC;&#x201D; David
Starr Jordan.
The
best advertising
is what other peoabout you, not what you say about yourself. What they say depends
ple
say
upon the
sort of service
you have given strength of Aquatic Life lies
them.
The
in this
accumulated balance of good-will
"Bank of Reputation." This balance has grown to such an extent that the name "Aquatic Life" is the hallmark in the
of accurate and interesting information on matters pertaining to the aquariumâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;
and every aquarian and
When
nizes
until about four inches of the water have been drawn. This can be used again by
a
it
There
scientist recog-
as such.
is
man and
a difference between imitating
counterfeiting him.
â&#x20AC;&#x201D;'^'
t'"-''^'"
TricKogaster Labio sus WALTER LAKIMOY
BRIND,
Z.
F.
S. i
i
member
This rather unfamihar
of the
a native of Southeast-
Labyrinthici is ern Asia, and has been collected in Rangoon, Burma, Siam and Malacca. Specimens bred in the aquarium rarely exceed a length of two and one-half inches; wild mdividuals may measure an additional I have two pairs at the present inch. time and all are husky, plump, lively creatures with abundant vitality.
necessary to maintain a uniform high
is
temperature for
One
at
three months.
least
"cold snap" will frequently extermi-
nate an entire brood, and
prospects will be
lost.
conditions a pair will
labor and
all
Under favorable spawn four or five
times during the summer, but too fre-
The eggs
quent broods are inadvisable.
are placed by the male in the usual nest
The coloring of the Thick-lipped Gourami is somewhat between that of the Striped Gourami (T. fasciatits) and the The back Dwarf Gourami T. lalius) (
.
olive-brown, while diagonal blue-green stripes cover the pinkish-red ground of
is
the sides,
men.
into the silvery abdo-
merging
On
the cheeks of the male, as in
the other species mentioned, appears a
blue-green patch, which
hardly
is
The
present on the female.
if
iris
ever
of the
Both sexes have a sharplyAt defined orange-red to the anal fin. eye
is
red.
times the vertical bars of blue green give place to a broken horizontal lateral stripe,
show stripe,
just
the
as
ordinarily
which
at
ishes, particularly
a
Fighting
double
times
when
Fish
dark
will
lateral
completely vanthe brilliant col-
assumed while mating. Gourami is Thick-lipped ors are
The male generally
Thick-lipped Gourami
Trichogaster labiosus
Here with abundant oxygen, uniform temperature of 75 degrees
of bubbles. in a
or more, the eggs will hatch in about fry hang tail down among and are zealously nursed by male. In about three days the young wil^ outgrow parental control and scatter from the nest. It is now wise to remove
The
three days.
the bubbles,
brighter in color than the female, and has
the parent.
The
the characteristic pointed dorsal
and
been reached, and
fin.
Like other members of the genus
it
is
quite shy, so care should be used not to
by sudden movements or other listurbances. A shallow aquarium and
frighten .
it
healthy plants in old standing water essential to
its
well-being.
purposes a heated tank
is
is
For breeding advisable, as
it
love, has
he
asperation
limit
will
of his patience,
proceed
in his ex-
to
devour
them.
The female should have been
moved
as soon as the eggs
in the nest.
re-
were observed Inasmuch as fragments of
floating plants will be built into the nest, it
is
but
not always easy to discern the eggs,
when
the
female
is
observed
in
a
•aquatic £iCc
The
remote corner of the tank, from which the male dares her to leave under penalty
of being roughly "pecked,"
it
safe to
is
assume that oviposition has taken This rule
is
also applicable to the
place.
Dwarf
Gourami, which uses a great quantity of broken vegetation over and among the
77 regular meeting of the Philadel-
phia Goldfish Fanciers' Society was held in
Saull's
January
Hall, 802 Girard avenue,
The competition was unique
in the an-
Only
nals of the goldfish fancy.
mens
on
i6th.
speci-
had been awarded a blue ribbon in previous competitions were eligible. The prize, a silver cup, was awarded to George E. Wilt for a scaleless broadtail Telescope. B. Judges George Smith, Thomas Ayling and Francis X. that
—
Garcia.
The
nickel-plated aquarium, complete
with plants and
fishes,
was presented Mr. Eck donated the Society,
ciety, to
offered by the
Mr. John Eck.
to
fishes to the
So-
be sold at auction, and the sale
materially helped to
swell
the
receipts
of the evening. Trichogaster fasciatus
Striped Gourairi
The February meeting clie
Under no
bubbles forming a nest.
cumstances should the youngsters be
moved from solid bodies
the tank until they
and are
As with
long.
youngsters will
at least half
20th.
will be held on
Exhibition of ribbon-tail Tele-
cir-
re-
show
an inch
some of the grow much more rapidly all
fishes,
To prevent these precocious the food, and monopolizing ones from than others.
indeed from eating their smaller brothers
and sisters, abundant plant life, such as Myriophvllum and Anacharis should be introduced. soria
An
unfailing supply of infu-
must be present, and herein
lies
the
value of using an old-established tank in
which to breed. Then should follow screened Daphne, the tiniest one possible. \Miile the species exhibits a preference for is
Daphne and other
not averse to green
living foods, algse,
it
and
will also
The Dwarf Gourami
Trichogaster lalius
scopes and Japs, scaled and scaleless. Three ribbons will be awarded in each Fred Richardson, Secretary. class.
take good prepared foods.
A
good
start generally
means a
bril-
liant finish. is good luck to any man to be on good side of the man that knows fish. IzAAK Walton.
It
the
—
Justice
human
is
the
balances.
science
of
obtaining
Ailments of Goldfish GEORGE
SCHENK
A.
j i
Every aquarist should be able to diagnose and treat the common ills of goldThis does not mean needless experimenting and doping, but the ability to
fish.
to
recognize symptoms and take steps
check the disorders before a serious condition has resulted. Under the most favorable circumstances an aquarium
and unless
a
is
they can be thoroughly sterilized after having been used for the treatmeni of parasitic or contagious cases. If poslent, as
it is well to have a planted aquarium to serve for convalescents in the interval between treatment in the hospital tank and their restoration to the
sible,
"close quarters,"
diseased fish
is
promptly
removed, others may become affected. Illness becomes apparent in a number of ways. The dorsal fin may droop and the fish
show an
bottom, the there
become bloodshot, and
fins
little
is
inclination to rest on the
evident desire
These are warning signs
food.
for
to the experi-
enced.
symptoms are not
Such
necessarily
dangerous, but they are certain indications that the fish is not in proper condition,
and
if
allowed to persist will result and death. If but one
in serious disease fish in
an aquarium
is
so affected,
it
Broadtail Telescope Goldfish*
usual quarters.
is
is
quite probable that
it
ing or constipation; it
is
due a
to over-eat-
number
life
are
one or more essential particuand an eff"ort should be made to find in
and remove the cause.
Carefully con-
sider the foods used, the purity of the
water,
the
oxygen supply
(plants
and
condition of the bottom of tank), possible
over-crowding
and
atmospheric condi-
tions in so far as they influence changes "n
(infusoria,
etc.)
develops in large
ill
certain that general conditions are
wrong lars,
is if
In this rest tank, which
often unoccupied, microscopic animal
quantities and, together with baby snails,
which can be allowed
to
breed there,
affords an excellent tonic for the convalescents.
For the treatment of constipation a minor and sometimes frecjuent condition,
epsom
salt in a
care not to fish
in
tablespoonful
a
dissolve
make
this
or
more
of
gallon of water, taking it
bath
too strong. for
several
Place the
hours
if
the temperature of the water.
Every aquarist should have at least one receptacle to serve as an isolation and
*This splendid specimen, bred and shown by George E. Wilt, was awarded the silver cup at the last competition of The Phila-
observation tank or hospital.
delphia Goldfish Fanciers' Society. "blue ribbon winners" were eligible.
All-glass
aquaria and enameled dishpans are excel-
by
PI.
W.
Schmid.
Only Photo
SLquatic
Then
necessarly.
mild solution of epsom
little
sea salt added, or a
salt,
two
fected parts with a pair of sharp scis-
or by laying the fins on a smooth board and trimming with a keen knife or razor. This has never appealed to me
few days
in the
convalescent will usually restore health
and
In a large measure consti-
activity.
pation can be prevented by feeding live
foods at intervals. be experienced
Little trouble should
when Daphne
Fin congestion
is
available.
is
79
with a
a rest of a day or
in a
mtt
the result of poor
sors,
when
only the
practically
tail
afifected,
is
impossible to do
it
for
it
spoiling the appearance of the fish for
When
time.
all
one or both of the pectoral
are diseased,
fins
is
without
it
may
be necessary,
circulation of the blood through the fins,
owing
and may be caused by chilling, over-feeding, over-crowding, impure water, rough handling, intestinal disturbances and sudden changes in temperature. Some cases are chronic, yield to treatment and then
the poisonous solution without getting it in the gills. I treated my first case of
In
return.
and
even
severe cases the the
portions
lighter
body, become fiery red
in a
;
fins
tails,
of
the
mild form
For
the tails and fins will be bloodshot.
treatment add lO to 20 drops of aromatic
water
ammonia
of
spirits
each
to
gallon
The
in the hospital tank.
fish
of
may
from 5 to 20 minutes, but should be watched continually, and removed before they show remain
in this solution for
Transfer to a mild solvition of permanganate of potas sium, repeat the ammonia bath to simu-
signs of serious distress.
late the circulation of the blood,
return tient
to
may
the
permanganate.
remain
in the
necessary, but a
new
few days
in the
green water,
in
Tail rot
is
is
if
so-
deemed
hours.
When
convalescent tank, or
care, but the acid
part of the
ed a
tail
number
consumed the greater
Since then
!
I
have
treat-
of cases successfully by dip-
ping the
tails in a saucer containing a mild solution of bichloride of mercury, washing this ofif very carefully, and then
placing the fish in a large pan of water to remove further traces. Then follows a mild permanganate bath.
Repeat the bichloride treatment the next day, and for a third time if necessary. Between
In the early stages
A
week to ten days in the convalescent tank should follow. If desired, one-half strength peroxide of
nydrogen, or a mild solution of carbolic may be used instead of the bichlo-
acid,
ride of mercury.
Fungus
is
a parasitic plant of a
low
order that gains a
desirable.
a serious and contagious dis-
congestion.
diluted nitric
with a cotton swab, to the edge of the tail. I used what seemed to be due acid,
ganate solution.
pa-
ease following aggravated and neglected fin
was instructed
The
the congestion has entirely disappeared, a
I
little
treatments, and for several days afterward, keep the fish in the mild perman-
solution should be
made every twenty-four
rot with nitric acid.
to carefully apply a
and then
permanganate
lution for several days, longer
tail
to the difificulty of treating with
it
may
where the
foothold on a fish protecting mucus has been
rubbed away by injudicious handling or other causes.
The spores
of the plant are
be recognized by a grayish, curled and
always more or
ragged appearance of the ends of the Don't wait for the advanced stage This disease develops very rapidly and
but a healthy fish has the power to resist ihem. If taken in the early stages, it is easily
must be given immediate
spread to the
tails.
attention.
aquarians advocate cutting
away
Some the af-
Fungus
cured,
less
but gills,
present in the water,
if
neglected
when death
will be clearly
it
will
will ensue.
observed as white
Siqmtic
80
fLitt
or black spots, at times life a tuft of cot-
from the body.
ton, or the major portion of the body may seem to be covered with a slime. Kerosene oil, half-strength peroxide of hydrogen or a strong salt solution, ap-
son a
fish
During the breeding seafrom this disease,
sufifering
especially in the earlier stages,
is
apt to
be mistaken for a roe-bound female. condition
is
The
caused by the presence of
may
plied with a cotton swab, will generally
"serum under the skin.
overcome the disease with one or two Ireatments. If a bad spot has been eaten
given by tapping and allowing the fluid
away by
running a needle under the skin from
the fungus,
AN
it is
well to dry the
EXHIBIT BY FRANKLIN BARRETT
PHILADELPHIA FLOWER
with Turlington's bal-
place
and coat
sam.
This material
and
it
is
insoluble in water,
acts as a protective covering while
wound is healing. member this, because the
It is it
well to re-
can be used to
cover bruises and wounds resulting from
rough handling or accidents. Dropsy manifests itself by a greatly distended and bloated appearance cf the 'tody. I recall ore case, a large Lionhead, so severe that the scales were entirely raised
and stood out
at
an
niigle
This
ooze out.
to
is
Relief
be
done by carefully
AT A RECENT
SHOW
below upward. The thrust must not be If thought is used, and the indeep. cisions
made
the anus, no
to
either side in front of
harm
will result.
This
may
some time, or the serum may quickly form again, but it is the only means of prolonging the life of the fish. The formation of the serum is resultant from an internal disorder. No permanent cure is known. give relief for quite
Bladder trouble the
swim-bladder,
is
a condition affecting
which prevents the
^aquatic Ette contraction and expansion of the organ to
make
the
fish
of
same
the
specific
Com-
gravity or weight as the water.
plete recovery is rare, so unless the fish is
of
highly prized,
it
well to put
is
In some cases the
misery at once.
its
specimen
be unable to
will
out
it
rise
from the
bottom, which indicates a shrinkage of the organ
in
;
others
may move
it
swim on
S^reat efl^ort,
its
with
side or find
it
impossible to do other than float at the surface, the organ being abnormally in-
Examples that are killed should be dissected and the condition of the flated.
Treat as for constipation,
bladder noted.
using a strong solution of epsom
Sometimes what seems trouble
salt.
be bladder
to
only a severe case of constipa-
is
tion.
If
done,
but
given
in
it
does not yield,
comparative
may
relief
warm,
moderately
can be
little
be
shallow
water.
One is
of the bugbears of every breeder
and
a season sel-
passes without the loss of a choice
specimen from
m
a previous
this
cause.
number
of
Troemner,
Aquatic LifE,
He opened the such an incident. and removed and weighed the eggs, finding them to be almost equal in weight
cites fish
to the
body.
Usually one hesitates to
resort to stripping, lest
a valuable
fish
be injured, hoping that nature will force the expulsion of the eggs.
it
the eggs came, clouds of them, and was a very successful spawning. Since
that time
I have similarly treated others, always with success, as no harm resulted. I have even stripped males without in-
jury to secure milt for experiments in
bound.
Several times
I
tried stripping,
proceeding gently but without success. Finally, acting on the theory that 'ose her
one way or the other,
force, so
much Then
I
I
would
used real
so that the oviduct pro-
she
was placed
in
an
aquarium with a couple of males, who began to drive her immediately. One went under her tail and was plainly ob<ierved to bite at the
The
artificial fertilization.
and
in front
roes are just
to either side of the anus,
hence a steady, even pressure should be exerted with the ball of the thumb
toward
it.
Parasites
are
frequently
introduced
on new plants and They are most annoying to the into aquaria
who
fishes.
fishes,
be seen endeavoring to remove by rubbing against plants and
will
them
They
stones.
will usually
and the parasites
succeed in
will be carried
this,
away
if
the fishes are kept in running water. If this is not possible, isolate the sufiferers in a well-planted
tank containing broad-
Every day draw off from the bottom, removing all sediment and excrement, replacing with water of the same temperature. When Sagittaria.
water
the fish has been cured,
let the tank stand unoccupied for a couple of weeks to kill the parasites by starvation. In handling fish out of water, which is necessary in some treatments, the gills
should be covered with a soft, wet cloth, for if the gills are kept moist the fish will
experience no serious discomfort.
Until recently
I had the same fear. Last spring a female that I highly prized became roe-
truded.
Then
leaf
a roe-bound female,
dom
81
protruding oviduct.
At
the annual meeting of the Aquatic
Association of Maryland, held in January, the following officers were elected to serve during the ensuing year
:
President,
Ernest A. Gill; Vice-President, Cassell
;
Secretary,
P.
C.
W. H.
Chambliss
;
Treasurer, Louis Hens. It was decided that the Association would hold its first public exhibition during March. J. Shelton Hill was appointed chairman of a temporary exhibition
j^quatic fLitt
82
The arrangements
committee.
In connection with the
taking shape.
show a campaign conducted.
members
for
will be
— P. C. Chambuss, Secretary.
Black Broadtail Tele-
Novice Class.
are fast
scope, blue ribbon to G. C. Vowinkel.
Scaleless Broadtail Telescope, blue rib-
Robert Corriston. Our president, George E. Wilt, exhib-
bon
to
Broadtails
splendid
ited
five
won
blue ribbons in other shows.
was one of great activity. The important feature was the election of
the meeting.
last
History,
officers
and appointment of committees
President, Richard Dorn; Jlce-PresiRuch dent, H. Kissell Secretary, C. B. Librarian, Lowel; Treasurer, John P.
Street Station.
Dr. E. Bade
;
— C.
The inventor
Secretary,
President,
Hugo
C. Nelles
first
Fri-
C.
to
Sixtieth
Vowinkel, Sec-
retary.
Charles E. Jenne. :
the
in its hall at
Market Street Elevated
the
They
competition of
5909 MarEverybody welcome. Take
;
German-speaking Branch
in the
The Association meets on day of the month ket street.
Result
for the year.
were not entered
had
that
meeting of The Aquarium So25th, ciety, New York City, held January Natural of Museum American at the
The
of
a
new
device
for
keeping fishes out of irrigation ditches
gave a demonstration
at
the
Washing-
Treasurer, B. Berkitz.
ton office of the Bureau in November,
General Press Committee, Hugo C. Nelles, Hans Forbriger and Carl Lazer. The time and place for the annual din-
model.
ner of the Society was discussed, it being decided to hold it at Pabst Harlem, West 125th street. New York City, on April 20th.
1918.— Hugo
C. Nelles.
Market
5909
January
Though
it
4th.
numbers among
still
its
street,
on
in its infancy,
members many
prominent fanciers of the
city,
and
in
consequence the first competitive exhibition, held in conjunction with this meet-
The successful. Thomas Ayling and JosBausman, made the following
was
ing,
eminently
judges, Messrs.
eph E. awards Professional.
Black Broadtail Tele-
scopes, blue ribbon,
bon,
M.
J.
Moylan.
H. Kraus
red ribbon, Walter Bell
M.
J.
Moylan.
;
red rib-
Scaleless Broadtail
Telescopes, blue ribbon, H. E. ;
vice
De Muth
yellow ribbon.
is
for
The
the
purpose a working
essential feature of the de-
the passage of a series of alter-
nating electric currents through the water
between successive pairs of electrodes
placed on the opposite banks of the ditch.
The
The regular monthly meeting of the West Philadelphia Goldfish Fanciers' Association was held in the hall of the organization,
employing
voltage of these currents increases
from the head of the ditch outward, so that a fish swimming into the canal would be subjected to a current of progressively greater potential
and discomfort as
it
The exhibition, which was witnessed by members of the Bureau's proceeds.
stafl^
and by representatives of the Recla-
mation Service, demonstrated that
fish
would flee from the electrified areas always in the direction of decreasing potential, and that they would not pass from a neutral zone into a strongly elecFisheries Service Btdletin.
trified one.
— 'T wonder why my never grows?" He — "The She
intelligent
knows in
there would be no
such a
little
globe.
Aquatic Life."
little
little
room
You
goldfish
creature for
him
should read
SOOOCZTDOOOC
8°^
;aquatic ILife
3000(
SPAWN
An
international monthly magazine devoted to the study, care and breeding of native,
From
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Prize Winning Stock
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.,
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HUGO Is
Phila. , inrv-if
NELLES
C.
Read,>- for
Healthy
February 1918
Ill
As fish,
a whale
and
Fisheries get
it
—
is
is
a
is
flesh,
its
No. 6
mammal,
advising us to eat
meat.
it
is
not a
which the Bureau of
—
if
we can
The New Bedford and
Your
you'll
Spring- Orders.
sailors
engaged
unfortunate outsiders.
ago,
when
William
a tariff
W.
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Some
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My immense enables me to sell
bo.x.
;
$2.50
Fishfood" per
New York
for
lb.
City, N. Y.
Aquatic Kitt 1916
II.
-
1917
A
limited number of copies are availab.e in substantial cloth binding, with title page and
comprehensive the same Price,
Hughes
in
The
166 pages and about of illustrations, some in color postpaid. index.
number
$2.25,
by the United States Government, and whale oil was excluded from the classifi-
Writer.
per
1305 Third Avenue.
VOL.
New Bedford, prowhale was not a fish, and
Edzvard
healthy
me.
fish oil free,
contention was officially recognized
cation.
with
Manufacturer of "Faultless gold and tropical fishes.
years
Crapo, of
tested that a his
both
find
mean
stock of tropical fishes very reasonable. Thirty-five species to select from. Come and be convinced. Call after 3 P. M. weekdays; any time on Sunday.
industry always called themselves "whalemen," and were never called ''fishermen" excepting by "off-islanders," as the Nantucketers contemptuously term all
conditions
20c.
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to
your fry. MAGIC will give you food any time winter or summer. Circular free. When ordering Magic order some Yogi. MAGIC, 25c box by mail 28c. YOGI FISH FOOD, lOc box, by mail 12c, lb 60c add postage start
live
Copyright 1918 by Joseph E. Bausman
Vol.
^
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Entered as second-class matter, September 2, 1915, at the Post Office, Philadelphia, Pa., under Act of March 3, 1879. Practical articles and notes on topics pertaining to the aquarium and terrarium are always wanted for Aquatic LiPE. Readers of the magazine are invited to join in making it a medium of mutual help, and to contribute to it any ideas that may occur to them. The pages are always open for anyone who has anything helpful and practical Manuscripts, books for review and to say. general correspondence should be addressed
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GEO. W. PRICE,
2145
Lee Street
S.
PhiladEEPhia
WALTER BELL BtoaD tail ^fIf0COpf0 BLACKS CALICOS 4324 WYALUSING AVENUE, PHILADELPHIA Breeder
of
=
BLUES
Prices Reasonable
ENCHYTRAE The
(White Worms)
which can be raised indoors all year round. Portion 50c (cash or money order) with instruction how to breed them. ideal live fish food
CHARLES
E.
JENNE
1577 Paterson Plank Road, Secaucus, N.
J.
3 MontKs Trial 10c THE AQUATIC WORLD 685 Pet Stock World
Bldg., Baltimore,
Md.
Otto Walter 86 Su^jdam
Street
::
Brooklyn,
Wear Central Avenue L
N. V.
Station
Breeder and Importer of
TROPICAL & GOLDFISHES Telescopes
Calicos
Japs
Fan-tails
Dealer in AH Varieties of Aquatic Plants All Kinds of Fish Foods Fresh and Dried Daphnia
AQUARIA, UTENSILS
AND
SUPPLIES
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HARRY 1210 N. Warnock
GOLDFISH BREEDERS
PETERS
P.
Street, Philadelphia,
Pa
BREEDER AND IMPORTER Rare and Fancy Fish Plants
FLORISTS
every variety,
of
Aquarium Supplies
of
and
Snails
kinds at
all
all
times.
MANUFACTURER OF
58th and Walnut Streets
110
South 52nd
Green River Fish Food
Street
15c Box
Green River Baby Fish Food
Philadelphia
20c Box
Aquarium Fishes
A
All Kinds of Aquatic Plants
&
Aquaria
Supplies
Wholesale and Retail
GOOD
FISH
most
essential
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FOOD
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HERMAN RABENAU,
Aquarist
must be seen Visitors
at
Welcome
Fine Assortment of Lionheads Shipping Cans 50c
Varieties received
HARRY
regularly
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all year.
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Street,
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LIVE DAPHNIA Supplied
PETERS,
Philadelphia, Pa. lOOOOOOC
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P.
Warnock
1210 North
Near Broadway.
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Reasonable Prices.
Myrtle Avenue. Brooklyn, N. Y.
11(58
irvin
Blacks and Calico Telescopes and Japs
to be appreciated
New
orv-./
Largest Assortment of Splendid Blues,
& Terraria
Plants and Tropical Fish a Specialty Importations of
)
Breed reeaers
PERMANENT DISPLAY OF Aquatic Life
one of the
is
necessary to keep fish in good health. After the test of years Green River stands out as the best food on the market. It H keeps the fish in good color by pron moting a healthy, robust growth. It X will not sour ot cloud the water. Ask Lvour dealer or send for it today. things
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Nippon Goldfish Co
$1.00 per portion including can
GOLDFISH, FOODS, PLANTS, DIP NETS
§
1749 Buchanan Street, San Francisco, Cal
and
Combination Natural Fish Food
Sample Box 10c
§
Importers
-
Imported Shrimp Fish Food
-
Sample Can 15c
R
JAPANESE GOLDFISH
-
Large Sample Box 10c Imported Wafer Fish Food Special Prices on Quantity Lots. Cash With Order. Catalogue Sent Upon Request.
AQUARIUM STOCK CO 150 Chambers Street <
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New York
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City
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Dealers
Direct From Breeders in Japan X Q Q §
Silver Medals, PanamaInternational Exposition, San Fran-
Awarded Gold and
Q
Pacific
Q
Cisco,
191.5.
ALL KINDS OF AQUARIA AND SUPPLIES
L
Price
I/ists
Furnished Trade Only.
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