10 minute read
LESSON 1: SCHOOL IS A MUST
Lesson 1
UNIT 6
SCHOOL IS A MUST
– Do you like studying? Is there anything special about your school? – Is there any school you know in the world you’d like to study at?
VOCABULARY
1. What is the difference between the high school and university? Read the collocations and say whether they refer to school, university or both. What is a part of your usual studying process? pay course fees play truant take an exam get a grant cram for end-of-term exams graduate with honours have a weekly tutorial do homework attend a lecture pay attention have a seminar take a degree take the register cheat at a test write a syllabus 2. Complete the sentences using the correct words below.
lecture / curriculum / primary / professor / revise / campus / secondary / graduated / seminar / degree / tutor / attends / principal / academic
1) The school is known for______excellence. 2) There is accommodation for five hundred students on_______. 3) Maths is an important part of the school_______. 4) She has a_______in physics from the University of Edinburgh. 5) Lina has just_______from university. 6) We went to a_______on Italian art. 7) My daughter is seven and she is at_______school. 8) She is the_______of a London school. 9) He is a_______of politics at a UK university. 10) I have to_______because I have an exam tomorrow. 11) My son is going to become a student of_______school. He’ll be 15. 12) I talked a lot in every_______when I was a student. 13) My daughter had a_______to help her pass her Maths exams. 14) My daughter_______school close to our home.
3. Which verb does NOT collocate in each sentence?
1) I must work hard, because next Tuesday I have to ____________ an exam. a) make b) sit c) take d) pass e) do 2) I’m planning to ______________ a course in Computing. a) take b) do c) enroll in d) make e) begin 3) The teacher ______________ us a really difficult test on phrasal verbs. a) gave b) set c) made 4) At the end of term students have to spend hours ____________ what they have learnt. a) reviewing b) going over c) taking up d) studying 5) Schools ________________ for the summer holidays in July. a) break up b) end up c) close d) shut
READING
4. Read the text. Do you believe that such schools really exist?
5. Match the sentences to schools. There is one extra sentence you do not need to use.
1) St. Levi’s High School
This school is really positive and believes in student independence. There aren’t many rules and students enjoy much more freedom than in other schools. For instance, lessons are optional if you have already studied that topic in a previous course. You don’t have to come to school in the morning if you have no lessons, and you needn’t go to assembly if you prefer to do private study in the library. But there are some obligations too. Students have to wear school uniforms and they must wear a tie, even for sport. Students don’t have to study 12 subjects if they don’t want to but they must study at least 9 and do lots of homework for each subject every week. They must show their eagerness to learn otherwise they will have to go back and repeat the year. As the result, some weaker students have already approached their forties.
2) Bobby Dilan School
This school has a reputation for teaching the toughest students on the planet! They’re as hard as nails. The reason is that every morning the students have to get out of bed at 7:00 and run ten miles. Then they go for breakfast, which is cearels and fruit. After breakfast they have two hours to comlete their homework. Next they have to go to class, where the teachers train students instead of giving knowledge, and always keep a tight hand over them. The teachers constantly shout at the students, but the children mustn’t answer back or ask any questions. Then, they have to play rugby for two hours, and at 8:00pm, after dinner, they must go to bed where they can’t talk or even read a book. It’s quite a tough school, but the good news is that they don’t have to wear a uniform.
3) Star Track Secondary School
This school is where Bill Gates went. The school is very proud of this fact, so they are now a national IT school, where students have to do all their work over the Internet. So, they even don’t have to leave home for school. They must be online from 8:00 until 12:00, and from 1:00 to 4:00 and get in touch with their robot teachers via Skype connection. They don’t have to come to the school building, but if their computer has a virus, they need to buy a new computer or their education might suffer and they can fall behind with their studies. Although, they only have to study three subjects, Information Technology, Computer Science and Computers in Society. In reality, these three compose the same subject, and thank to it students don’t have to do more than one homework every night. The big rule is that students must not download any films or music from the Internet.
4) Institute Mahatma Gandhi
This school is a very lively and enjoyable place. Students want to stay in the school when they are 18 and don’t want to enter the university, because they love their school so much. The reason for its popularity is very simple. Students do have to come to school, but when they are there they don’t have to study grammar, or read boring stories by old writers who are well-known but boring, they also don’t have to listen to the teachers talking and talking all days. They only learn what they want to and when they want to. They are always given challenging, but realistic tasks, stimulating interest and encouraging feedback. However the students have to keep silence when the teacher is talking, even if they are not interested.
1) You have the right of choice in this school. 2) There is a strict regime in this school. 3) This school is entirely computerized. 4) The curriculum at this school involves sports disciplines. 5) This school provides students with a number of privileges, although it does lay them demands.
Lesson 1
UNIT 6
Lesson 1
UNIT 6
6. Rewrite the given sentences using idiomatic expressions with learn.
1) learn by heart 2) learn by rote 3) learn the ropes 4) learn (one’s)
lesson
5) a quick learner a) He was able to pick up everything about the sport in no time at all. b) We had to remember all the words of the song before the concert. c) The child, who ran in the school corridor, fell over and banged his head. He now knows never to do that again. d) When my grandfather was at school he had to memorize all the facts that the teacher told him. e) Starting a new job is difficult because you have to learn all the basic things that you don’t yet know.
GRAMMAR
GRAMMAR BANK
MODAL VERBS OF OBLIGATION AND NECESSITY, ABILITY AND PERMISSION To express rules, laws, instructions, importance or necessity of action or the lack of it we use: must/musn’t
Ex.: Answers must be written in ink. (exam instructions)
“Must” is more common for something that you strongly believe is important, or necessary, which is a kind of strong advice.
Ex.: You must respect your parents.
You must read this book, it’s amazing.
have to/have got to/ don’t have to
Ex.: All car passengers have to wear a seat belt. (a rule)
“Have to” is more common to situations that have been caused by particular circumstances.
Ex.: The taxi’s here. We have to leave now. You have to get a visa to travel abroad.
need to/don’t need to/needn’t
Ex.: I’m tired. I need to get some sleep. (physical necessity)
“Need to” is used for smth. we believe is important or necessary, or like a synonym to “Have to”. If negative it expresses lack of obligation.
Ex.: You need to score 60% to pass the exam. You needn’t learn all the vocabulary, only the most useful.
We can ask questions with must, but it is more common to use have to:
Must we answer all the questions? – Do we have to answer all the questions? BUT
If there is no rule to say something is necessary, we use don’t have to, needn’t/don’t need to, NOT mustn’t.
You don’t have to/don’t need to eat in here, you can eat outside if you prefer. (no necessity, you have a choice) You needn’t water the garden this evening. It’s going to rain tonight. (you have a choice, despite the necessity) You mustn’t eat in here. (You don’t have a choice. You have to eat somewhere else.)
When we talk about general ability or specific ability, permission or physical possibility we use: can/can’t
Ex.: He can speak five languages. (general ability)
He can’t speak now. He’s busy. (specific ability)
Can I use your pen? (asking for permission)
may/may not
Ex.: May I come in? (asking for permission) You may not smoke here! (formal prohibition)
The main difference between may and can is in physical ability to do something. May is more formal than Can.
7. Look through the text in Ex.5 once more and name the main rules you’ve learnt about the above mentioned schools. Which of them do you think are necessary or useless, if there are such? Do you have any similar rules at your school? What are they? Are there any other? Tell about them. Refer to the Grammar Bank above if necessary.
must / have to / can mustn’t / don’t have to / needn’t
8. Complete the sentences using must, have to, need to, can, may or their negatives.
1) The British Library: Coats and bags ______ be left at the cloakroom or in a locker. 2) You ______ finish the exercise now. You ______ finish it at home. 3) Listen! You ______ speak during the exam! 4) This is a really good exercise for phrasal verbs to practice. But it is not for homework, so you ______ do it if you don’t want to. 5) You ______ see the film. It’s fantastic. 6) I ______ forget to phone Granny. It’s her birthday tomorrow. 7) Oh, no. It’s Monday tomorrow. I ______ go to school again. 8) David ______ answer your emails, there is no law about it. 9) ______ I open the window, please? 10) She’s seven years old, but she ______ read yet. Her parents are getting her extra lessons.
LISTENING
9. Listen to the recording about high schools in Japan and decide whether the sentences are true (T) or false (F). Correct false sentences.
11. Work in pairs. Read the statements. Say whether you agree, disagree, completely agree or completely disagree.
Give arguments.
1) Students of elementary and junior high school needn’t take an exam to enter the high school. 2) The Japanese school year starts in April and ends in March. 3) Japanese students have to study on Saturdays too. 4) Students mustn’t drive to school. 5) When students arrive at school, they must take off their shoes and put on school shoes. 6) One high school class lasts 40 minutes. 7) High school students have a duty to clean the entire school building after classes.
10. Explain the meaning of the following words and phrases. Use them to talk about your high school life. Which of the rules in Japanese schools do you consider to be too strict, which of them do you think our Ukrainian schools should borrow? Would you follow such rules as exist in Japan?
period / cram school / optional subject / entrance exams / vocational goals / obligation
Lesson 1
UNIT 6
SPEAKING
1) School uniforms are essential. 2) Students are not given enough homework. 3) A good teacher is a strict teacher. 4) Exams are getting easier. 5) All students should study cooking and sewing. 6) School should be three days a week. 7) Education should be free. 8) Teachers should receive their salary according to exam results.
