Volume I | Issue 7 | July-2015 | `70
AGRICULTURE
W RLD
FOOD PROCESSING
LIGHT AND DEAD WEIGHTS IN INDIAN FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY
FOOD SAFETY COMPLIANCE OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE IN INDIA
FOOD PROCESSING AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT
Echoing Sustainable Environment and Agriculture www.krishijagran.com
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AGRICULTURE
W RLD Volume 1 Issue 7 July 2015
contents Cover Story
FOOD SAFETY COMPLIANCE In view of the Maggi noodle scam, food safety has become a real concern among the consumers in the country. AW takes a look at the scene
IPR IN FOOD PROCESSING In an eort to safeguard our rights against competition in the food processing industry, Intellectual Property Rights is the need of the hour
12 LIGHT AND DEAD WEIGHTS Blessed with versatile climatic and geographical conditions, India is capable of raising any crop grown anywhere in the world. AW weights the issues confronting the food producing industry
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PULSE PRODUCTION..........................18 With the arrival of Bt Chickpea in the food chain, the country’s pulse production, a laggard, may look up...
INTERVIEW.............................................11 An interview with Alexander Alexeen on Russia's decision to import diary and meet from India
08 VIEW POINT.........................................22 Minister of Food Processing Industry speaks about the issues facing the sector
CONNECTING DATA TO ENHANCE CONTROL...................20 In the world of information technology, data is power and money, the new age mantra. AW looks at the role data plays in the world of food processing industry
Agriculture World is printed and published by: M. C. Dominic 60/9, 3rd Floor, Yusuf Sarai Market, Near Green Park Metro Station, New Delhi 110016. Tel: 011-26511845, 26517923, Mobiles: +91-9313301029 - +91-9654193353. Email: info@krishijagran.com, editor@krishijagran.com Web: www.krishijagran.com, www.kjcommoditynews.com Printed at: New Pushpak Press Pvt. Ltd., 203, 204 DSIDC Complex, Okhla Industrial Area, Phase - 1, New Delhi - 110020
Welcome to Agriculture World
Editor-in-Chief MC Dominic Directors
Shiny Emanuel MG Vasan
Sr. Executive Editor Dr. KT Chandy RK Teotia Chander Mohan
M
ake in India is a resounding slogan heard and seen in every nook and corner of our country ever since the new government came to power at the center. With nearly 192 million hectares of gross cropped area, the largest ever in the world, with nearly 90 m ha under assured net irrigation, and blessed with 127 agro-climatic zones capable of raising any crop grown anywhere in the world, India is poised for a quantum jump in the eld of food processing and marketing industry. With China as its main contender in nearly 60 crops, India holds either the rst or second rank in her total production. e Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MOFPI) though set up in 1988 with key aims of value addition to agricultural products, reduce high wastage of food products, creation of o farm employment and to boost the indigenous R&D e orts is gearing up to become a world class food processing nation.
Editorial Head Sanjay Kumar Associate Editor S. Devdas Senior Correspondent Ruby Jain Correspondent Aniket Sinha Kanika Chauhan Imran Khan Admin Head Chetram Marketing Head PS Saini DGM - Marketing Farha Khan Sr. Manager Marketing KJ Saranya Hrituparna Banerjee
Pradip Chakraborty, a former director of Food Safety and Standards Authority of India, explicates Section 3 of Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006 in connection with the wide practice of the use of pesticide by 90 million agriculture households in India and proposes a via media partial solution to the problem of pesticide concentration in Indias food products.
Marketing Manager Sara Khan Asst. Mktg. Manager Jyoti Sharma Megha Sharma Sr. Executive Marketing Afsana Malik Sujata Gautam Chunki Bhutia Poonam Bishwakarma Geeta Rawat Aruna Jana Rinki Pundir Circulation Head Nishant K Taak Sr. Executive Circulation Chander Dev Bhatt Rahul Singh Abdus Samad Sukumar Dalal Rahul Ray Head Pre-Press Dharmendra Kumar Designer Yogesh Kumar Accounts Preetha M Nair KB Indira Office Assistant Prem Kumar Ranjan DD Nair VP International Business (Russia & CIS Countries) 6 Mikluho-Maklaya STR, Moscow, Russia 117198 Mob: +7903729 98 30, Tel: +7499501 99 10 Email: ddnair@krishijagran.com M Mezhukanal E-16F - 33, Hamriya Free Zone, Sharjah, UAE Mob: +971 50 2870465 Email: mezhukanal@krishijagran.com All rights reserved. Copyright @ Krishi Jagran Media Group. Agriculture World is published by Krishi Jagran Media Group. Editor: MC Dominic Disclaimer: While every care has been taken to ensure accuracy of the information contained in this publications, the publishers are not responsible for any errors or omissions that might have crept into this publications. No part of this publication may be reproduced or kept in a retrieval system, without the express permission of the publishers.
Having designed over 300 products and led 450 patent portfolios CFTRI Hyderabad is a premiere R&D institution raising IPR as an important issue in food processing industry. Rightly Chander Mohan highlights this issue in his article on IPR in Food Processing .
Blessed with 127 agroclimatic zones, India is capable of raising any crop grown anywhere in the world
With an estimated production of 140 million tones of milk in India Aleksey Alekseenko, head of Rosselkhoznadzor explains in an interview the potential demand for Indian bu alo meat and hard cheese in Russia while the opposite may be true in the case of poultry meat furthering the scope for more Indian companies entering these food processing businesses. Indian Food Processing Industry has two light weight boosters: world level high production status and unprecedented support by the Government of India with catchy slogan, Make in India . Dr. Chandy in his article rings a warning note to the Govt as well as to the Food Processing Industries that presently the success seems to be more in turning our heads away from the surging population which need huge quantities of food products for their daily survival. Ever since Independence pulse production is in a limping stage though pulses are an important item in the Indian food system. As an example of privatepublic partnership Deshpande reports on Mahyco's partnership with Assam Agriculture University in evolving Bt chickpea, the most important pulse crop in our country. In another important interview with none other than the Minister of Food Processing Industries, Harsimrat Kaur Badal argues for greater food security, cheaper rates for consumers and better price for the farmer. Further she highlights the issue of food wastage. E cient collection and handling of multi-sourced data is key to the success of any enterprise and food processing and marketing at the global level is no exception to this rule. Neil Giles a specialist in three product inspection technologies namely X-Ray, metal detection and check-weighing reports on the importance of connecting systems in collecting and storing data to minimize the risk of human error.
M C Dominic Editor�in�Chief editor@krishijagran.com
Food Safety Compliance of Agricultural Produce in India
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Food Safety Compliance of Agricultural Produce in India
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Food Safety Compliance of Agricultural Produce in India
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Pradip Chakraborty Former Director Food Safety and Standards Authority of India Mob: 9953689010 E mail: pradipchakraborty91@yahoo.com www.krishijagran.com
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FP Food Processing and Intellectual Property Right
Food Processing and Intellectual Property Right
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Food Processing and Intellectual Property Right
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Chander Mohan Senior Execu ve Editor Krishi Jagran Media Group, New Delhi
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INTERVIEW
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Indian Companies to Supply Food Products to Russia
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he Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance of Russia (Rosselkhoznadzor) opened buffalo meat imports to Russia from India on December 4, and included four Indian companies in the register of organizations and individuals engaged in production, processing and/or storage of controlled goods imported into the customs territory of the Customs Union. Here is an edited excerpt from the interview. What is the potential demand for Indian buffalo meat in Russia? It is not easy to estimate the demand in the Russian market. It depends on the interests of our business community. First, it depends on the price level for this meat. Second it depends on the willingness of our Indian colleagues to increase production for the needs of our market. The Indian side has said it is ready to reduce the price of products supplied to Russia in case sales grow. In this case, the system seems to draw up. Russia's requirements for products are among the most stringent in the world, making it diďŹƒcult for manufacturers to enter the Russian market. Is this true? Generally speaking, yes. The state performs its key function - to guarantee security of its citizens in different spheres. And it copes with this task quite well. We have not had any serious food-related disease outbreaks for decades. This is exactly a result of the system working. How did the inspection go? During the recent inspection, we visited six more companies. The last one (Mirha Exports) is the most advanced one I have ever seen. The enterprises are quite different from one another. We'll see how many of them will be included on to the supplier's list. The faults can be corrected easily. How long may it take for the new companies to receive permission? The Customs Union countries should agree on the list of new exporting companies within three months. During the ďŹ rst stage it will take a few weeks to prepare a preliminary report about a company. Then it will be sent to the Indian company, which should respond soon. How do you choose companies for further inspections? Our Indian colleagues provide us the list. This time the application included six companies; we inspected all of them. India said that in the future it wants to increase the number of companies to export dairy products. The preparatory work is done by the Indian side. They send inspectors to each company to determine whether it meets our requirements. After that, we visit the selected companies. You mentioned Russia being ready to supply meat items to India. What were you referring to? Russia has the potential to supply meat products in India. The Indian www.krishijagran.com
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Aleksey Alekseenko, Assistant Head of Rosselkhoznadzor, spoke in an interview about the outcome of the second inspection of Indian companies that produce buffalo meat, and new opportunities for manufacturers of hard cheeses in the Russian market. market may be interested in poultry imports from Russia. This will be a major breakthrough for our producers. We have asked about the requirements of the Indian authorities for import of our products, especially poultry. Is there any progress in granting permission for the supply of Indian dairy products to Russia? Yes there is. Rosselkhoznadzor allowed the import of Indian dairy products to Russia. We have included two Indian companies in the register of organizations and individuals having the right to supply dairy products. The companies are Parag Milk Foods and Shreiber Dynamix Dairies, manufacturers of hard cheeses. The Russian market is interested in quality dairy products, especially in hard cheeses. It is possible that during the next inspection we will visit a number of Indian manufacturers of dairy products. Interviewed by, Alessandro Belli specially for Russia and India Report (RIR) AGRICULTURE WORLD
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FP Light and Dead Weights in Indian Food Processing Industry
Light and Dead Weights in Indian Food Processing Industry
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he first light weight factor is the natural position India has among the food producing countries in the world as given in table1. The unprecedented thrust extended by the Ministry of Food Industry, Government of India, is the second kind of light weight factor for the food industry in India. However behind these two positive factors is a hidden heavy weight factor which the government of India as well as the food processing Industries will have to reckon with. Let us look at these three factors a little more closely. India's position in world food production There are no crops in the world that cannot be cultivated in India. According to FAO estimation India
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stands first or second in the production of 56 major crops. The ranking in the crop production as shown in Table 1 China is close at heel and is also poised for a big revolution in the food processing industry and will be a strong contender to Indian food processing industry. Table 2 depicts the production pattern of cereals, millets, pulses and oil seeds in our country from 2008 onwards. They are the primary food products required for the survival of our people; but at the same time they consist of a sizable quantity of processed food products for export as well as urban rich in our country. As we have seen in Table 1 in the production of rice, wheat and pulses India ranks first or
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second. Regarding these crops still there are concerns as we are net importers of pulses and oilseeds. We shall see in detail this dead weight concern in the third part of this article. Table 2 show a steady increase in the production of all the cereals, millets and pulses we are cultivating which factor is certainly a plus point for food industries. India is bestowed with wide range of climate and physiogeographical conditions suitable for most of the fruits and vegetables. According to FAO (2014) and Indian Horticulture Database (2013) the country is the second largest producer of the Fruits (81.285 m t) and vegetables (162.19 m t) in the world, contributing 12.6% and 14.0% of the same. www.krishijagran.com
Light and Dead Weights in Indian Food Processing Industry Table 1: Ranking of Countries in food production* Nos 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56
Crops Rice Wheat Maize Sorgham Millets Barley Dry bean Onion & garlic Cabbage Green bean Chickpea Pulses Cauliower & Broccoli Egg plant Potato Spinach Tomato Pumpkin Cassava Soya bean Carrot Cucumber Ginger Apricot Banana Mango Coconut Sugarcane Fig Grapes Oranges Papaya Peach Apple Pineapple Gooseberry Sweet potato Lemon Strawberry Avocado Watermelon Guava Cashew nut Chest nut Walnut Peanut Cinnamon Cumin Pepper Chilli pepper Cloves Nutmeg Saffron Vanilla Turmeric Cardamom
First China China USA USA India Russia India India China China India India China China China China China China Nigeria USA China China India Turkey India India Indonesia Brazil Turkey China Brazil India China China Philippines Germany China India USA Mexico China India Nigeria China China China Indonesia India Vietnam India Indonesia Indonesia Iran Indonesia India Guatemala
Second India India China Nigeria Nigeria Germany Brazil China India Indonesia Pakistan Mozambique India India India USA India India Thailand Brazil Russia Iran China Iran China China Philippines India Egypt Italy USA Brazil Italy USA Thailand Russia Nigeria Mexico Turkey Chile Turkey China India Turkey India India China Turkey India China Madagascar Grenada Spain Madagascar Pakistan India
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According to Indian Horticulture (2013) India contributes 44.1% of mango, 42.6% papaya, 25.6% of banana, 20.2% of onion, 35.6% of cauliower and 37% of Okra. Hence potential for processing of fruits and vegetables is very high in India. However huge amount of wastage in these two sectors is sizeable. Processing and value addition is the most effective solution to reduce the wastage. According to reports available the Indian food processing industry is primarily export oriented. India's geographical situation gives it the unique advantage of connectivity to Europe, the Middle East, Japan, Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia and Korea. Various products, such as tomato puree, canned fruit, frozen fruit, frozen vegetables and gingergarlic pastes, gained popularity among Indian consumers. Frozen and canned/preserved food products are proving to be better alternatives to fresh foods due to the convenience of storage. Demand for fresh, chilled and processed fruits and vegetables is increasing in modern retail. Of the total production of fruits and vegetables, nearly 76 per cent is consumed in fresh form, while wastage, and losses account for 20 to 22 per cent. Only 2 per cent of vegetable production and 4 per cent of fruit production are being processed. This is in sharp contrast to the extent of processing of fruits in several other developing countries such as Brazil (70%), Malaysia (83%), Philippines (78%) and Thailand (30%).
*List of largest producing countries of agricultural products (adapted from ICAR 2013-14) https://en.wikipedia.org/.../List_of_largest_producing_countries_of_Agri-products, Wickipedia, Accessed on 27th July 2015 Products www.krishijagran.com
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FP Light and Dead Weights in Indian Food Processing Industry Table 2 The production estimates for major crops for 2013-14 as compared to final estimates for the previous 5 years are as follows (adapted from ICMR 1981) : Crop
2008-09 m tonne
2009-10 m tonne
2010-11 m tonne
2011-12 m tonne
2012-13 m tonne
2013-14 3rd Advance Estimates m tonne
Rice
99.18
89.09
95.98
105.31
105.24
106.29
Wheat
80.68
80.80
86.87
94.88
93.51
95.85
Jowar
7.25
6.70
7.00
6.01
5.28
5.25
Bajra
8.89
6.51
10.37
10.28
8.74
9.19
Maize
19.73
16.72
21.73
21.76
22.26
24.19
Coarse Cereals
40.04
33.55
43.40
42.04
40.04
42.68
On the export the APEDA reports, “The vast production base offers India tremendous opportunities for export. During 2013-14, India exported fruits and vegetables worth Rs. 8760.96 crores which comprised of fruits worth Rs. 3298.03 crores and vegetables worth Rs. 5462.93 crores. Mangoes, Walnuts, Grapes, Bananas, Pomegranates account for larger portion of fruits exported from the country while Onions, Okra, Bitter Gourd, Green Chilies, Mushrooms and Potatoes contribute largely to the vegetable export basket. The major destinations for Indian fruits and vegetables are UAE, Bangladesh, Malaysia, UK, Netherland, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka and Nepal. The country has exported 2,87,384.63 MT of processed fruits and vegetables to the world for the
worth of Rs. 2,266.66 crores during the year 2013-14. The major export destinations are United States, Saudi Arabia, United Kingdom, Netherland, United Arab Emirates and Japan. India is also a major exporter of Mango Pulp in the world. The country has exported 1,74,860.34 MT of Mango Pulp to Saudi Arabia, Yemen Republic, Netherland, United Arab Emirates and Sudan for the worth of Rs. 772.97 crores during the year 201314. India is also a prominent exporter of dried and preserved vegetables to the world. The country has exported 56,158.40 MT of dried and preserved vegetables to Germany, Russia, United Kingdom, United States, France and Brazil for the worth of Rs. 742.74 crores during the year 2013-14.” Thus the first light factor looks very bright.
Role of Ministry of Food Processing The tremendous boost provided by the government of India is the second type of light weight factor boosting up the food processing industry. As reported on April 14, 2015 in “indiainbusiness.nic.in/ newdesign/index.php?param=ind ustryservices” augmenting its share in the world food market every year the food industry in India is ready for a huge take off. The total food production in India is likely to double in the next 10 years with the country's domestic food market estimated to reach US$ 258 billion by the end of 2015.” The Indian government through its Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI) is making an allout effort in the growth and development of the food industry by encouraging greater and more investments in this sector. It has approved proposals for joint ventures (JV), foreign collaboration; industrial licenses and 100 per cent export oriented units. The website continues to report that the Indian food and grocery market is the world's sixth largest, with retail contributing 70 per cent of the sales. It is expected to grow at the rate of 104 per cent, touching US$ 482 billion by 2020. It is a matter of great joy that the Indian food processing industry accounts for 32 per cent of the country's total food market, 14 per cent of manufacturing GDP, 13 per cent of India's exports and six per cent of total industrial investment. The Indian
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Light and Dead Weights in Indian Food Processing Industry
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gourmet food market is currently valued at US$ 1.3 billion and is growing at a Compound Annual Growth Rate of 20 per cent. Indian food brands are increasingly finding prime shelf space in retail chains abroad. These include Bikanervala Foods, Mass Transit Railway's ready to eat foodstuff and Indian Tourism Corporations' Kitchens of India. In the cities the online food ordering business is faster spreading and its growth is expected to grow at 20-30 per cent per month. The poultry sector of India is expected to register double-digit growth in 2015 on the back of stable feed prices and encouraging rural demand. The reporting further highlights that the data provided by the Department of Industrial Policies and Promotion (DIPP), the food processing sector in India has received around US$ 6,215.46 million worth of foreign investments during the period April 2000—Janaury 2015. Some of the major investments in this sector in the recent past are: ·
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“Foodpanda.in” has acquired food ordering portal Just Eat India in an all-stock deal as it plans to strengthen its presence in India. Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF), popularly known as 'Amul', plans to invest Rs 5,000 crore (US$ 800.18 million) to set up ten new processing plants as well as expand the current capacity to touch 32 million litres per day (MLPD) capacity by 2020. Restaurant search service Zomato is in discussions to raise about US$ 100 million in a fresh round of funding. Zomato is now present in 22 countries and over 500 cities around the globe. Online restaurant search service Zomato has acquired Urbanspoon, for an undisclosed amount, in an all-cash deal marking its www.krishijagran.com
entry into the US. This is Zomato's sixth acquisition in six months.
Government of India to improve the food processing sector. They are as follows:
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ITC Ltd plans to invest Rs 1,000 crore (US$ 160.03 million) for its ambitious foray into dairy and juice businesses which it plans to roll out in the January-March quarter of 2015.
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Papa John's India Inc. plans to merge with the Pizza Corner brand to become the thirdlargest pizza chain in India.
Ms Harsimrat Kaur Badal, Union Minister for Food Processing Industries, Government of India has inaugurated the first of its kind Rs 136 crore (US$ 21.76 million) mega international food park at Dabwala Kalan, Punjab.
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Ministry of Food Processing Industries has a scheme for human resource development (HRD) in the food processing sector. The HRD scheme is being implemented through State Governments under the National Mission on Food Processing. The scheme has the following four components:
The report further highlights, “The government India's efforts in enhancing the Indian food Industry. In order to promote food processing industries and to exploit the potential of domestic and international market for processed food products, “The Vision Document-2015” of Government of India was prepared by the Ministry of Food Processing, which envisaged trebling the size of investment by increasing the level of processing of perishables food items from 6 per cent to 20 per cent with a value addition from 20 per cent to 35 per cent and share in global food trade from 1.5 per cent to 3 per cent by 2015. To achieve these targets, an investment of Rs 1,00,000 crore (US$ 16 billion) is required by the year 2015”. The report provides some of the major initiatives taken by the 2015 JULY
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o
Creation of infrastructure facilities for degree/ diploma courses in food processing sector
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Entrepreneurship Development Programme (EDP)
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Food Processing Training Centres (FPTC)
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Training at recognized institutions at State/ National level
The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) under the Ministry of Health
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FP Light and Dead Weights in Indian Food Processing Industry Table 3 Surplus and deficit status of a few food items in India. 1
2
3
Required for 1250 m
Estimated production
People/yr considering
of cereals & millets in
make balanced diet per day
30%waste m t (1)
2013-14 M t (2)
Estimated deficit or surplus per year Million tonnes
Cereals and millets
500
319.0 m t
283.45 m t
75.00 m t deficit
Pulses
50
62.5 m t
19.57 m t
42.93 m t deficit
Oil seeds
50
62.5 m t
32.41 m t
30.09 m t deficit
Milk & milk products
200
91.2 m t
140.00 m t
48.75 m t surplus
Egg
half
(3)
95000 m
--
Broiler
50
(3)
3.6 m t
--
surplus
Fruits
50
62,5 m t
81.28
--
surplus
150
187.5 m t
162.19
--
deficit
Vegetables 3 types
and Family Welfare has issued the Food Safety and Standards (Food Product Standards and Food Additives) Regulations, 2011 and the Food Safety and Standards (Contaminants, Toxins and Residues) Regulations, 2011 which prescribe the quality and safety standards, respectively for food products. The Ministry of Food Processing Industries has taken some new initiatives to develop the food processing sector which will also help to enhance the incomes of farmers and export of agro and processed foods among others. The government has also approved the setting up of five numbers of Mega Food Parks in the states of Bihar, Maharashtra, Himachal Pradesh and Chattisgarh. The Indian Institute of Packaging (IIP) has planned to offer a packaging solution to the famed Tirupati 'Laddu' to enhance its shelf life. They have also planned to install automatic vacuum packaging system for the packaging of 'Laddu' with higher shelf life.
22000, 2) Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP), 3) Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and 4) Good Hygienic Practices (GHP). This will enable the food processing industries to 1) abide by the stringent quality and hygiene norms, 2) protect consumer health, 3) prepare the industry to face global competition, 4) enhance product acceptance by overseas buyers, and 4) keep the industry technologically abreast of international best practices. Nothing will happen if there is not enough allocation of funds. Therefore the government of India allocated Rs 2,000 crore (US$ 319.98 million) as a separate National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) fund for food processing industries during the Union Budget 2014–15. There will be huge initiatives by private banks also to prop up the much publicized food Industry adventures in India.
Reminding some concerns the report reminds all of us the following needs for adoption of food safety and quality assurance mechanisms such as 1) Total Quality Management (TQM) including ISO 9000, ISO
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Recommended
food items that
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5
amount In gm
Sl. No. Few categories of
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surplus
The heavy weight factor The heavy weight factor consists mainly in the tussle between the quantitative requirements between the people and the food processing industries. The simple question is whether India has enough to cater to the requirements of both or will there not be a tension between the two. Let us analyze this factor. The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) published in 1981 a book under the title “Recommended Dietary Intake for Indians” in which a list of categories of food items for a balanced diet in tables 8.1 and table 8.2, recommendations for vegetarians and non-vegetarians respectively on page 53 of the same book. Table 3 given below is based on those tables 8.1 & 8.2 and also from Table 2 given above for the estimates of cereals & millets, pulses and oil seeds which are primary food products people need daily also the food industries are depending on for their raw material. Table 3 is a sample method of estimating the sufficiency or deficiency of the above mentioned food items based on certain parameter which people seem to be unaware off. (1) It is estimated by several agencies that the average loss of grains between harvesting to the mouth of the consumer is between 30 to 50%. So we can take the average of 40% loss to www.krishijagran.com
Light and Dead Weights in Indian Food Processing Industry estimate the total requirement of food items for population of 1250 million. (2) Estimates of cereals and millets according to www.icar.org.in/ en/node/7665, May 16, 2014 given in Table 2 above. (accessed 27th July 2015) (3) A lot of people in India are vegetarians hence requirement of eggs and poultry meat for the total population is irrelevant. Column No 6 in Table 3 highlights the estimated surplus or deficit status of some of food products which are of importance to food processing industry. The 500 gm recommendation includes all forms of cereals consumed as local home level preparations to the most sophisticated confectionary items like biscuits, cakes, sweets etc. If so the total amount of cereal and millets production required for 1250 million people in India should be 319 million tones including the unavoidable wastage which averages 40 per cent. Thus we see that there is a deficit of about 75 million tones. Now what about the export-import balance of cereals and millets. Actual data on these aspects is scarcely available to ordinary people. According APEDA, during the year 2014-15 India exported 29,24,070.18 MT of wheat, 37,02,260.12 MT of Basmati Rice, 82,74,046.06 MT of Non Basmati Rice, 28,25,610.60 MT of Maize, 6,88,199.93 MT of other cereals and millets to various countries in the world (apeda.gov.in 2014-15). Regarding imports India has imported 80,000 tons of wheat to compensate for the winter rain damage in 2015, (www.businessstandard.com). As per information Business News Sept 19, 2014, top rice exporter India importing over 100,000 tons of rice. (in.reuters.com). Hence India is a net exporter of cereals and millets which means the people in India are deprived of their essential means like cereals and millets for their survival. The www.krishijagran.com
country is gravely in deficit of cereals/millets, pulses, oil seeds and vegetables as shown in column No 6 in table 3. This is corroborated by the voluminous data on the poverty under nourishment situation of people India. According to National Dairy Development Board, (2012) the total livestock population in India consisting of cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, pig, horses & ponies, mules, donkeys, camels, mithun and yak in the country amount to 512.05 million. According to the same source we have a poultry population of 648.8 million. Now the question is how much of cereals and millets produced in India is diverted to cattle feed and poultry feed? A chicken on an average require about 60 gm of grain in its daily feed. Hence the estimated requirement of grain for the poultry population in India per year is about 14.2 million tones. The total amount of milk produced in India is estimated to be 140 million tons in 2013-14. Roughly it is estimated that for every three kilogram of milk one kilogram of cattle feed is to be given in which about 50% consists of grains or grain
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products. Hence milch cattle alone require about 23.5 million tons of grain. Therefore the total cereals and millets requirement estimated will go up to 350 million tones a year. The requirement of pig farms, horse farms, sheep and goat farms, ornamental birds, dogs and cats are yet to be estimated further. Similarly the grains used for non-food industrial purposes like gum, starch for cloth industry, as base material for pharmaceutical industries are yet to estimated. Hence we may assume the actual requirement of cereals and millets in our country is above 350 million tones. But the estimated grain production of India as per Table 2 is only 283.45 million tones. Table 3 shows that we have surplus in fruits, milk, egg and broiler which to the people in India are low priority food items. The million dollar question is: “Are we self sufficient in cereals, millets, pulses, oils and vegetables to feed a population of 1250 million and also to cater to the much drummed up food processing industries?” We need to boost up our production in these crops to meet our national targets or scale down the population growth rate if we want the food processing industries to thrive. We are already cultivating more area than we should be cultivating ecologically. With less area in cultivation how can we feed the increasing population? At the same time how can we promote the food processing industries in the ways we are contemplating? I leave these matters to the discretional consideration of the Government of India, food processing industrialists and the people of our country.
Dr. K. T. Chandy He has authored 676 booklets on various topics coming under environment management and agri‐related subjects. He is on the Editorial Board of Krishi Jagran Media Group.
2015 JULY
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Innovative Trend in Chickpea Production In India
INNOVATIVE tRENd IN CHICKPEA Production in India
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Innovative Trend in Chickpea Production In India FP
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Connecting Data to Enhance Control
Connecting Data to Enhance Control
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Connecting Data to Enhance Control FP
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FOOD SECURITY, CHEAPER RATES FOR CONSUMERS & BETTER PRICE FOR THE FARMERS The ďŹ rst female parliamentarian from Punjab, Harsimrat Kaur Badal, who has been in charge of Ministry of Food Processing Industries believes that there is a lot of potential in the perishable sector but at the same time, there is big issue of food wastage. She is also more concerned about the uplift of the farmers. Agriculture World expresses her opinions here
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VIEWPOINT
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Growth of processing sector, Spanish subtropical products
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