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H¥${f OmJaU OyZ 2015
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H$aUmè`m N>moQ>çm eoVH$è`m§Zm H$maImZXma ~Z{dÊ`mMr H$ënZm dmñVdmV gmH$ma Ho$br Amho. gmIa H$maImZo ho H¥${f CËnmXZ à{H«$`m g§~§{YV dómoÚmoJ Z§Va Xwgè`m H«$_m§H$mda AmhoV. øm CÚmoJmnmgwZ H|$Ð d amÁ` gaH$mabm gw_mao 7000 é. H$moQ>tMm _hgwb {Za{Zamù`m H$am§À`m énmZo {_iV AgVmo. na§Vw gÚn[apñWVr_Ü`o ho H$maImZo AË`§V {~H$Q> n[apñWVrVwZ OmV AgwZ gdmaJmZr Am{W©H$ H$m|S>rV gmnS>bobo {XgVmV. ~mOmam_Ü`o gmIaoMo Xa 3300 é. àVr qŠdQ>b déZ 2300 é. àVr {Šd§Q>b Ago H$mogibobo AmhoV. Ë`m_wio gmIa CÚmoJ _moR>çm Am{W©H$ g§H$Q>mV gmnS>bobm Amho. ~aoM H$maImZo gaH$maZo R>adwZ {Xbobo "E\$Amanr' ({H$_mZ amñV d {H$\$m`Vera) Xa XoÊ`m_Ü`o Ag_W© AmhoV. Aem amÁ`mVrb 40 H$maImÝ`m§Zm gmIa Am`wº$mZo H$m`Xoera ZmoQ>rg ~Omdë`m AmhoV. Ë`m§Zr 14 {Xdgm§Mr H$mb_`m©Xm {Xbr AgwZ Ë`mMr nwV©Vm Z Ho$ë`mg H$S>H$ H$madmB© H$aÊ`mMm Bemam {Xbm Amho. H$mhr H$maImÝ`m§Zm _mb_Îmm {dH«$sMo AmXoe {Xbo AmhoV. Va ghH$ma _§Í`m§Zr "gmIaoMr JmoS>mD$Z grb H$aÊ`mV `oVrb' Ago gm§{JVbo Amho. noQ´>mo{b`_ H§$nÝ`m§Zr AKmo{fV AghH$ma nwH$mabm AgwZ BWoZm°bMr IaoXr à{H«$`m Wm§~{dbr Amho. EH$Va gmIa H$maImÝ`m§H$S>o Ë`mMm gmR>m H$aÊ`mgmR>r nwaoer j_Vm Zmhr d Ë`m§Mo n¡gonU JmoR>bo Jobo AmhoV. H|$Ð gaH$maZo H$ÀÀmr gmIa {Z`m©VrgmR>r 4000 é. àVr Q>ZMo AZwXmZ Omhra Ho$bo Amho. øm {db§~rV {ZU©`mMm
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H$mhrhr Cn`moJ Pmbm Zmhr. H$maU H$maImÝ`m§Zr H$ÀÀmr gmIa à{H«$`oMr Amdí`H$ agm`Zo IaoXr H$éZ R>odbobr AmhoV. amÁ` gaH$maMm darb AZwXmZmV ^a åhUyZ 1000 é. à{V Q>Z XoÊ`mMm {ZU©` {dMmamYrZ Amho. nU Vmo {ZU©`hr VËnaVoZo KoVbm OmV Zmhr. {Z`m©VrÀ`m AZwXmZmMm bm^ {_iÊ`mgmR>r CËnmXZ j_VoÀ`m 25 Q>¸$o$ _ÚmH$m©Mo CËnmXZ nwadR>m H$amdm. Xwgè`m ~mOwZo àmárH$a ImË`mZo OwZm 10 df}àb§{~V _wÔm H$mTy>Z gw_mao 35 hþZ A{YH$ H$maImÝ`m§Zm 5658 H$moQ>r én`mMm H$a ^aÊ`mMr _mJUr Ho$br Amho. ì`mO WH$~mH$s gH$Q> hr a¸$_ é. 7500 H$moQ>rn`ªV OmVo. "E\$Amanr'nojm OmñV {Xbobr a¸$_ hm Zâ`mMm ^mJ Amho Agm {ZH$f bmdwZ øm ZmoQ>rg nmR>{dë`m AmhoV. na§Vw ho _wi ghH$ma VËdmÀ`m {damoYmV d Midirbm _maH$ Ago Amho. øm dfuÀ`m AW©g§H$ënm_Ü`o H|$Ð gaH$maH$Sy>Z H$mhr ^ard n°Ho$OMr _moR>r Anojm hmoVr. na§Vw øm joÌmMm nwU©nUo {dga nS>bobm {XgVmo. _hmamï´>mVrb gmIa CÚmoJmMr CbmT>mb 35000 é. H$moQ>r BVH$s àM§S> Amho. Ë`m_wio J«m_rU ^mJmV àË`j d AàË`jnUo _moR>çm à_mUmda amoOJma CnbãY hmoV AgVmo. amOH$s` eo$sH|$Ðo CÜdñV H$aÊ`mgmR>r, H$m~rO H$aÊ`mgmR>r qH$dm ì`º$sJV _hËdH$m§jogmR>r H$maImÝ`m§Mm `wÜX^w_r åhUyZ Cn`moJ H$é Z`o. D$g CËnmXH$m§Mm h¸$mMm n¡gm doioda d nwU©nUo {_imbmM nmhrOo ømV dmXM Zmhr. gmIa H$maImZo åhUOo ^« ï >mMmamMo AmJa, ì`mdgm{`H$VoMm A^md, AH$m`©j_ H$ma^ma Aer MwH$sMr à{V_m OZ_mZgm_Ü`o Amho. na§Vw J«m_rU ^mJmVrb gm_m{OH$ n[adV©Zm~amo~aM amÁ`mÀ`m Am{W©H$ {dH$mgmV H$maImÝ`m§Zr _mobmMr H$m_{Jar ~Omdbr Amho. XoemVrb EH§$Xa CËnmXZmÀ`m 35 - 40 Q>¸o$ gmIa _hmamï´>mV V`ma hmoVo. gZ 2013 - 14 _Ü`o
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_hmamï´>mV 676.4 bmI _o. Q>Z D$gmMo Jmin H$aÊ`mV Ambo d 77.8 bmI _o. Q>Z gmIaoMo CËnmXZ H$aÊ`mV Ambo. ømdéZ gmIa CÚmoJmMr ì`már bjmV `oVo. emgZmZo {Z`moOZewÝ` YmoaU, D$g {nH$m§Mr ApñWa n[apñWVr, H$m`Xm, {Z`_, nmoQ>{Z`_ øm§À`m Mm¡H$Q>rV amhÿZ H$maImÝ`m§Mr àJVr dmQ>Mmb gwé Amho. H$maImÝ`m§À`m {d{dY CnH«$_m§_wio amoOJma {Z{_©Vr Pmë`m_wio ~oH$mam§Mm ehamH$S>rb AmoK H$_r Pmbm Amho. VgoM J«m_rU ^mJmVrb bhmZ eoVH$ar, eoV_Oya `m§Mo amhUr_mZ d OrdZ_mZ C§MmdÊ`mg _XV Pmbr Amho. Ë`m_wio gmIa CÚmoJ dmM{dÊ`mgmR>r gd© nmVirda à`ËZ Pmbo nm{hOoV, AÝ`Wm gmIa H$maImZXmar _moS>H$irg `oB©b d ghH$mar MidirMo ho `eñdr _m°S>ob H$mob_Sy>Z nS>ob.
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åhUOo EH$mpË‘H$ d AmYw{ZH$ H$m¶©H«$‘mMr ê$naofm AgyZ ˶mVyZ ì¶dgm¶mÀ¶m {dH$mgm{df¶r A§XmO KoVbm OmVmo. eoVr {Z¶moOZ eoVH$è¶mbm hmoH$m¶§ÌmgmaIo Cn¶moJr nS>Vo. ˶m‘wio eoVr ì¶dgm¶ ¶mo½¶ nmD$bIwUm§Zr MmbVmo. eoVr {Z¶moOZmMo ‘hÎd gm§JVmZm Ago {ZXe©Zmg Ambo Amho {H$, ApñVËdmV Agboë¶m CËnmXZ V§ÌmV {Z¶moOZ Ho$ë¶m‘wio eoVr ì¶dgm¶mÀ¶m CËnmXZmV dmT> hmoV. {Z¶moOZ ho EH$ {ejUmMo h˶ma Amho, Vo eoVH$ar d {dñVma H$m¶© H$aUmè¶m ì¶qº$Zm Cn¶moJmMo Amho. eoVH$è¶m§Zr ¶mV bj KmVë¶mg {Z¶moOZmMr ~m~ gmonr Amho. Vo ghO H$ê$ eH$VmV. {Z¶moOZm‘wio ì¶dgm¶mV doimodoir ~Xb H$aVm ¶oVmV. VgoM ˶mVrb ‘¶m©Xm, AS>MUr g‘OVmM gmYZgm‘wJ«r {df¶r ‘m{hVr {‘iVo. WmoS>³¶mV CËnmXZmMr H$moUVr nÕV H$moU˶m CnH«$‘mgmR>r ¶mo½¶ Amho ho {Z¶moOZm‘wio g‘OVo. ì¶dgm¶mVrb JaOm Ogo {~¶mUo, IVo Am{U BVa gm‘wJ«r {d{dY CnH«$‘m§gmR>r {H$Vr bmJob ho g‘OVo. ¶m gd© gm‘wJ«rgmR>r EHw$U Mmby ^m§S>db {H$Vr bmJob ¶mMm A§XmO ¶oVmo. {Z¶moOZmMm ‘w»¶ CÔoe eoVr ì¶dgm¶mVyZ CËnÞ dmT>dUo hm Amho. VgoM A§{V‘ CÔoe eoVH$ar d ˶m§À¶m Hw$Qw>§~mMo amhUr‘mZ C§MmdUo hm hmo¶. eoVr {Z¶moOZmVrb {d{dY V§Ì : eoVr {Z¶moOZmVrb {d{dY V§Ì eoVr {Z¶moOZmV gmYZgm‘wJ«rMm H$m¶©j‘VoZo dmna hmoUo Amdí¶H$ Amho. 1. CËnmXZ H$m¶© V§Ì (àm°S>³eZ ’§$³eZ) : ¶m V§ÌmÀ¶m AmYmao CËnmXZmV dmnabobr O‘rZ, ‘Oya, ~¡bOmoS>r, ImVo, {~¶mUo, H$sQ>H$ZmeHo$, nmUr B˶mXtMm dmna {H$Vr H$amdm ¶mÀ¶m~Ôb nyd©H$ënZm ¶oVo. 2. gab H$m¶©H«$‘ V§Ì ({b{Z¶a àmoJ«mq‘J) : ¶m V§ÌmMm eoVr {Z¶moOZmV IynM Cn¶moJ hmoVmo. {ZdS>boë¶m ‘¶m©{XV eoVr
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{nH$mÀ`m `mo½` dmT>rgmR>r ^anya nmÊ`mMr JaO AgVo ^mVd Ë`mgmR> r ^mV eoVm‘Ü`o nmÊ`mMm g§M` Ho$bobm AgVmo. Aem narñVrVrMm O{‘ZrVyZ {nH$bm hmoUmè`m ZÌ nwadR>çmda {dnarV n[aUm‘ hmoVmo. ^mV {nH$bm Oa EH$mM doiog ZÌmMr nyU© ‘mÌ {Xbr Va Ë`mn¡H$s ~aMgo ZÌ nmÊ`m~amo~a dmhÿZ OmVo qH$dm Ë`mMo {dZm`Q´rH$aU hmDo$Z Vo dm`m OmV.o n[aUm‘V… {nH$m‘Ü`o ZÌmMr H$‘r {XgZy `Voo Am{U Ë`mMm CËnÞmda {dnarV n[aUm‘ hmVom.o ^mV {nH$m‘Ü`o ~amo~a JaOoÀ`m doir ZÌmMr CnbãYVm H$ê$Z XoÊ`mgmR>r br’$ H$ba MmQ>© (LCC) Mm dmna H$aÊ`mV `mdm Ago ^mV g§emoYZ {ZX}emb`mZo gwM{dbo Amho. LCC {h 6 B§M bm§~rMr Cƒ àVrÀ`m ßbmpñQ>H$ nmgyZ ~Zdbobr nÅ>r AgyZ Vr eoVH$ar ~m§Ydm§Zm dmnaÊ`mV AJXr gmonr Amho. `m nÅ>rda {ndiga {haì`m (H«$‘m§H$ 1) Vo JS>X {haì`m (H«$‘m§H$ 6) Aem 6 a§J N>Q>m AgVmV. `m a§J N>Q>m§Zm AmnU 1 Vo 6 `m ‘mnUm‘Ü`o ‘moOy eH$Vmo. `m a§J N>Q>m {nH$mÀ`m nmZm~amo~a OwidyZ {nH$bm ZÌmMr JaO Amho {H$ Zmhr Vo AmUr {H$Vr à‘mUmV ZÌmMm nwadR>m H$amdm ho R>a{dVm `oVo. br’$ H$ba MmQ>© dmnaÊ`mMr nÕV * gd©àW‘ ^mV eoVm‘Yrb doJdoJù`m {R>H$mUmhþZ 10 {ZamoJr PmS>m§Mr {ZdS> H$amdr. * ^mVmÀ`m e|S>çmH$S>rb gdm©V bm§~ d {dñVma nmdboë`m nmZmMr {ZdS> H$amdr. * {ZdS>boë`m nmZmMm ‘Ybm ^mJ nmZ PmS>mnmgyZ Z VmoS>Vm br’$ H$ba MmQ>© da R>oD$Z nmZmMm a§J MmQ>©darb a§Jmer Owidmdm d Ë`mMr Zm|X 1 Vo 6 Xaå`mZÀ`m ‘mnmH$m‘Ü`o H$amdr. * br’$ H$ba MmQ>© dmnaVmZm PmS>mÀ`m qH$dm earamÀ`m gmdbrV Yamdm OoUoH$ê$Z gy`©àH$memMm n[aUm‘ ‘mnZmda hmoUma Zmhr. * eŠ`Vmo àË`oH$ ‘mnZmÀ`m doir Ë`mM ì`º$sZo {XdgmÀ`m R>am{dH$ doirM ‘mnZ H$amdo * br’$ H$ba MmQ>© Mm dmna bmdUr Z§Va 14 {XdgmZ§Va H$aÊ`mg gwadmV H$amdr * gm‘mÝ`nUo bmdUrÀ`m doir àVr hoŠQ>ar 10 Vo 20 {H$bmo 40
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ZÌ, 30 Vo 45 {H$bmo ñnwaX d 30 Vo 40 {H$bmo nmbmeMr ‘mÌm Úmdr. * `m Z§VaMm ZÌ nwadR>m br’$ H$ba MmQ>©Mm dmna H$ê$Z Imbrb à‘mUo H$amdm. bmJUr Z§Va bmJUr Z§Va 25 Vo 30 {Xdgm§Zr 40 Vo 45 {Xdgm§Zr br’$ H$ba MmQ>© ‘mnZ
ZÌmMr ‘mÌm br’$ H$ba ZÌmMr ‘mÌm ({H$bmoJ«m‘ MmQ>© ‘mnZ ({H$bmoJ«m‘ àVr hoŠQ>a) àVr hoŠQ>a) 45 45 3. 5 nojm H$‘r 3.5 nojm H$‘r 35 35 3. 5 Vo 4 3.5 Vo 4 0 0 4 nojm A{YH$ 4 nojm A{YH$ + 30 {H$bmo nmbme
^mV {nH$m‘Ü`o darb à‘mUo br’$ H$ba MmQ>© dmnê$Z IVnwadR>m Ho$ë`mZo CËnmXZm ‘Ü`o 9. 5 Vo 13 Q>¸o$ dmT> hmoD$ eH$Vo, VgoM {nH$mgmR>r ZÌmÀ`m CnbãYVo‘Ü`o 8. 7 Vo 14 Q>¸o$ dmT> hmoVo. br’$ H$ba MmQ>© Mo ’$m`Xo 1. {nH$bm JaOoÀ`m doiog ZÌ nwadR>m Pmë`mZo {nH$mMr `mo½` [aË`m dmT> hmoD$Z ^aKmog CËnÞ {‘iVo 2. {nH$bm Ë`mÀ`m Amdí`H$VoZwgma `mo½` à‘mUmV ZÌmMm nwadR>m Ho$ë`mZo ZÌmÀ`m IMm©V ~MV hmoVo. 3. nmÊ`mVyZ hmoUmam ZÌmMm èhmg H$‘r hmoVmo d Ë`m‘wio nmÊ`mMo àXyfU H$‘r hmoVo. 4. br’$ H$ba MmQ>©Mm dmna Ho$ë`m‘wio {nH$m§da nS>Umè`m H$sQ>H$ Am{U amoJm§À`m àmXw^m©d H$‘r hmoVmo . 5. h[aV J¥hmVyZ CñVOuV hmoUmè`m dm`yMo à‘mU KQ>Vo.
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{H$S>tMo ì`dñWmnZ
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H$nmerdarc {H$S>tMo EH$mpË‘H$ ì`dñWmnZ S>m°. nr. Ama. P§da
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H$‘r CËnmXH$Vo À `m AZo H $ H$maUm§ n ¡ H $s H${H$S>nmerÀ`m r‘wio hmoUmao ZwH$gmZ, ho EH$ à‘wI H$maU hmo`. H$nmerda ^maVmV 162 àH$maÀ`m {H$S>tMm àmXw^m©d hmoVmo. ‘hmamï´>mV 25 àH$maÀ`m {H$S>r AmT>iyZ `oVmV. Ë`m§n¡H$s 10 Vo 12 {H$S>rM OmñV ZwH$gmZ H$aVmV. ~rQ>r H$nmer‘wio H$nmerMo jo Ì Am{U CËnmXZm‘Ü`o cjUr` dmT> Pmcr Amho . ~m|S>Aù`m§gmR>r ’$dmaUr H$‘r Pmcr Amho; nU ag emofU H$aUmè`m {H$S>tMm àmXw^m©d dmT>V Amho. H$sQ>H$ZmeH$m§À`m A{VaoH$s dmnam‘wio H$sQ>H$ZmeH$m§À`m ’$dmaUrÀ`m g¨»`oV Am{U IMm©‘Ü`o ‘moR>çm à‘mUmV dmT> hmoV Amho. Ë`m‘wio {nH$mÀ`m Q>ßß`mZwgma Am{U {H$S>rZwgma H$sQ>H$ZmeH$mMr ’$dmaUr Am{U BVa nÕVtMm Adc§~ H$ê$Z H$sS> ì`dñWmnZ H$aUo JaOoMo Amho. ag emofUmè`m {H$S>r : ‘mdm : àm¡T> ‘mdm cm§~Q> AgyZ, a§JmZo {ndiga Vo JS>X {hadm qH$dm H$mim Am{U EH$ Vo XmoZ {‘{c‘rQ>a cm§~ AgVmo. `m {H$S>rÀ`m df©^amV AZoH$ {nT>çm {Z‘m©U hmoVmV. W§S> hdm‘mZ Am{U A{YH$ AmЩVm `m {H$S>rÀ`m dmT>rcm nmofH$ AgVo. * `m {H$S>rMm àmXw^m©d {nH$mÀ`m amonmdñWoV Am{U eodQ>À`m AdñWoV AmT>iVmo. * H$moaS>dmhÿ H$nmerda gd©gmYmaUnUo Owc¡À`m Xwgè`m AmR>dS>çmnmgyZ àmXw^m©d gwê$ hmoVmo. * gdmªV OmñV àmXw^m©d Owc¡Mm eodQ>Mm AmR>dS>m Vo Am°JñQ>Mm Xwgam AmR>dS>m Am{U {nH$mÀ`m eodQ>r {S>g|~aOmZodmar ‘{hÝ`m§V AmT>iVmo. * W§S> hdm‘mZ nmD$g Am{U A{YH$ AmЩVm `m {H$S>rÀ`m dmT>rcm nmofH$ AgVo; na§Vw OmoamMm nmD$g Pmë`mg Ë`m§Mr g¨»`m H$‘r hmoVo. ZwH$gmZrMm àH$ma : {nbo d àm¡T> {H$S>r nmZmÀ`m ImcÀ`m ~mOyZo Am{U H$modù`m e|S>çm§da g‘yhmZo amhÿZ Ë`mVrc ag emofVmV. Aer nmZo AmH$gVmV d ‘waJiVmV. Ë`m‘wio PmS>mMr dmT> Iw§Q>Vo. `m{edm`, ‘mdm earamVyZ {MH$Q> JmoS> Ðd ~mhoa Q>mH$Vmo. Ë`m‘wio nmZmMm ^mJ {MH$Q> ~ZVmo. H$mcm§VamZo Ë`mda H$mir ~waer dmTy>Z nmZmda H$mim Wa O‘m hmoVmo. Ë`m‘wio nmZm§À`m AÞ {Z‘m©U 42
H¥${f OmJaU OyZ 2015
H$aÊ`mÀ`m à{H«$`oV ~mYm `oD$Z Ë`m§À`m dmT>rda A{Zï> n[aUm‘ hmoVmo. {nH$mÀ`m eodQ>À`m AdñWoV ‘mì`mMm àmXw^m©d Pmë`mg H$mngmMr ~m|S>o Mm§Jcr C‘cV ZmhrV. VgoM H$mhr {dfmUwOÝ` amoJm§Mm àgma ‘mì`m‘m’©$V Ho$cm OmVmo. VwS>VwS>o … àm¡T> VwS>VwS>o gmYmaUnUo XmoZ Vo Mma {‘{c‘rQ>a cm§~, nmMarÀ`m AmH$mamMo d {’$H$Q> {haì`m a§JmMo AgVmV. Ë`m§À`m g‘moaÀ`m n§I§mda àË`oH$s EH$ H$mim {R>nH$m AgVmo Am{U S>moŠ`mÀ`m ^mJmda XmoZ H$mio {R>nHo$ AgVmV. ‘mXr nmZm§À`m {eao‘Ü`o A§S>r KmcVo. df©^amV gmYmaUnUo 11 {nT>çm hmoVmV. ZwH$gmZrMm àH$ma : àm¡T> VwS>VwS>o Am{U {nbo nmZm§À`m ImcÀ`m ~mOyZo amhÿZ Ë`mVrc ag emofVmV. Aer nmZo H$S>oZo {ndiga hmoD$Z Z§Va Vn{H$ar a§JmMr hmoVmV. OmñV àmXw^m©d Pmë`mg g¨nyU© nmZ cmc hmoD$Z Ë`mÀ`m H$S>m ‘waJiVmV.
{H$S>tMo ì`dñWmnZ n[aUm‘r, PmS>mMr dmT> Iw§Q>Vo. Aem PmS>m§Zm ’w$co Am{U ~m|S>o ’$maM H$‘r à‘mUmV cmJVmV. àmXw^m©d ’$maM OmñV Pmë`mg g¨nyU© PmS>hr dmiy eH$Vo. `m {H$S>rMm àmXw^m©d gd©gmYmaUnUo Owc¡À`m eodQ>À`m AmR>dS>çmnmgyZ gwê$ hmoVmo. gdmªV OmñV àmXw^m©d Am°JñQ>Mm eodQ>Mm AmR>dS>m Vo gßQ>|~aMm Xwgam AmR>dS>m `m H$mcmdYrV AmT>iVmo. AYyZ‘YyZ hmoUmam hcH$mgm nmD$g Am{U T>Jmi dmVmdaU `m {H$S>rÀ`m dmT>rcm nmofH$ Amho. `m~amo~aM H$nmerMr C{eam noaUr Am{U ZÌ`w³V IVm§Mm JaOonojm OmñV dmna `m {H$S>rÀ`m dmT>rg ‘XV H$aVmo. gÚ n[apñWVrV ~rQ>r H$nmerda VwS>VwS>çm§À`m àmXw^m©dmMr Vrd«Vm Iyn dmT>cr Amho. {ZAmo{ZH$moQ>rZm°BS> JQ>mVrc H$sQ>H$ZmeH$m§Mm (CXm. B{‘S>mŠbmoàrS>) A{V dmna ho Ë`mMo à‘wI H$maU. VwS>VwS>çm§‘Ü`o `m H$sQ>H$ZmeH$mcm à{VH$ma H$aÊ`mMr e³Vr {Z‘m©U Pmcr Amho. ’w$c{H$S>o : ’w$c{H$S>o AmH$mamZo chmZ AgyZ, Ë`m§Mr cm§~r EH$ {‘{c‘rQ>a qH$dm Ë`mnojmhr WmoS>r H$‘r AgVo. a§JmZo Vo {’$H$Q> {ndiga AgVmV. ‘mXr H$modù`m nmZm§À`m ImcÀ`m ~mOyZo Ë`m§À`m noerV A§S>r KmcVo. EH$ {nT>r 12 Vo 21 {Xdgm§V nyU© hmoVo. H$moaS>dmhÿ n[apñWVrV A{YH$ Vmn‘mZ, H$‘r nmD$g qH$dm nmdgmMr CKS>rn Agë`mg `m {H$S>rMm àmXw^m©d OmñV dmT>Vmo. ZwH$gmZrMm àH$ma : àm¡T> ’w$c{H$S>o Am{U {nbo H$mngmÀ`m
www.krishijagran.com nmZm‘mJrc ^mJ IadSy>Z Ë`mVyZ {ZKUmam ag emofVmV. àmXw^m©dJ«ñV ^mJmVrc noer ewîH$ hmoVmV d àW‘ Vmo ^mJ nm§Tw>aH$m Am{U Z§Va Vn{H$ar hmoVmo. Ë`m‘wio nmZo, ’w$co d H$ù`m AmH$gVmV. PmS>mMr dmT> Iw§Q>Vo. ’w$c{H$S>o nmdgmù`mÀ`m eodQ>r Am{U ‘moR>r CKS>rn nS>cr, Va ‘moR>çm g¨»`oZo dmT>VmV Am{U gßQ>|~a-Am°ŠQ>mo~a ‘{hÝ`mV CJ« ê$n YmaU H$aVmV. Joë`m 45 dfmªnmgyZ ’w$c{H$S>çm§Mm àmXw^m©d ~rQ>r H$nmerda OmñV à‘mUmV dmT>V Amho. nm§T>ar ‘mer : `m {H$S>rMm àmXw^m©d gd©gmYmaUnUo gßQ>|~aÀ`m n{hë`m AmR>dS>çmnmgyZ gwê$ hmoVmo. àm¡T> ‘mer chmZ AgyZ gmYmaUnUo XmoZ Vo VrZ {‘{c‘rQ>a cm§~ AgVo. nm§T>è`m ‘merMr ‘mXr nmZm§À`m ImcÀ`m ~mOyZo EH$m {R>H$mUr EH$ à‘mUo A§S>r KmcVo. nm§T>è`m ‘merMr {nbo nmZmVrc ag emofU H$ê$Z dmT>VmV Am{U VoWoM H$mofmdñWoV OmVmV. ZwH$gmZrMm àH$ma : nm§T>è`m ‘merMr {nbo VgoM àm¡T> nmZmÀ`m ImcÀ`m ~mOyZo amhÿZ ag emofVmV. Aer nmZo H$mo‘oOVmV. àmXw^m©d OmñV Agë`mg nmZo cmcga, {R>gyi hmoD$Z eodQ>r dmiVmV. `m{edm`, {nbo Amnë`m earamVyZ JmoS>, {MH$Q> Ðd ~mhoa Q>mH$VmV. Ë`mda H$mir ~waer dmT>Vo. n[aUm‘r, nmZo d PmS> {MH$Q> d H$miga hmoVo Am{U PmS>mMr dmT> Iw§Q>Vo. nm§T>è`m ‘merMm àmXw^m©d gd©gmYmaUnUo gßQ>|~aÀ`m n{hë`m
H¥${f OmJaU OyZ 2015
43
{H$S>tMo ì`dñWmnZ
AmR>dS>çmnmgyZ gwê$ hmoVmo. Zmoìh|~a ‘{hÝ`mV A{YH$ àmXw^m©d AmT>iyZ `oVmo. gÜ`m ~rQ>r H$nmerda nm§T>è`m ‘merMm àmXw^m©d dmT>V Amho. gwédmVrÀ`m H$mimVrc amgm`{ZH$ H$sQ>H$ZmeH$m§Mm A{VaoH$s dmna, ho Ë`m‘mJMo à‘wI H$maU Amho. {nR>çm T>oHy$U ({‘cr ~J) : `m {H$S>rÀ`m AZoH$ àOmVr AmhoV. H$nmerda AmT>iUmè`m {‘cr ~JÀ`m ’o$ZmoH$moH$g gmocoZmoßgrg `m àOmVrMo eara cm§~Q> JmocmH$ma d a§J {hadQ> H$mim AgVmo. `m {H$S>rÀ`m earamda {MH$Q>, ‘oUMQ> AmdaU AgVo d Vo a§JmZo nm§T>aQ> AgVo. {nR>çm T>oH$UmMr EH$ ‘mXr gmYmaUV: 150 Vo 600 A§S>r XoVo. Vr nw§OŠ`m‘Ü`o AgVmV d Ë`m^modVr H$mngmgmaIo nm§T>ao AmdaU AgVo. {nR>çm T>oH$UmMm OrdZH«$‘ 15 Vo 27 {Xdgm§Mm AgyZ, EH$m dfm©‘Ü`o 15 {nT>çm V`ma hmoVmV. ZwH$gmZrMm àH$ma : {nR>çm T>oH$UmMr {nbo d àm¡T> `m XmoÝhr AdñWm H$nmerMr nmZo, H$modio e|S>o, nmË`m, ’w$co d ~m|S>o `mVyZ ag emofVmV. Ë`m‘wio ho ^mJ gwédmVrcm gwH$VmV d Z§Va dmiyZ OmVmV. ho T>oHy$U Amnë`m earamVyZ ‘oUMQ> JmoS> ag òdVmV. Ë`mda ~waer dmTy>Z H$nmerMr PmS>o {’$H$Q> Am{U H$minQ> nS>VmV. n[aUm‘r, PmS>m§Mr dmT> Iw§Q>Vo Am{U PmS>o dmiyZ OmVmV. ‘hmamï´>mV 2007 d 2008‘Ü`o {nR>çm T>oH$UmMm àmXw^m©d ‘moR>çm à‘mUmV Pmcm hmoVm. gÜ`m hr H$sS> H$mhr eoVm§‘Ü`oM WmoS>çm’$ma à‘mUmV Amho. hr H$sS> {Z`§{ÌV amhÊ`m‘Ü`o `m {H$S>rMo Z¡g{J©H$ eÌy (CXm. àmoå`w{gS>r, AZ°{g`g, AZ°Jm`ag) `m§Mr ‘hÎdmMr ^y{‘H$m Amho. ~m|S>Aù`m … ~rQ>r H$nmer‘wio ~m|S>Aù`m§Mo {Z`§ÌU Mm§Jë`m àH$mao Pmco Amho; nU XmoZ dfmªnmgyZ EH$ OZwH$ Agcoë`m (~rOr-1) ~rQ>r H$nmerÀ`m dmUmda e|Xar Am{U A‘o[aH$Z ~m|S>AirMm àmXw^m©d AmT>iyZ Amcm Amho. A‘o[aH$Z ~m|S>Air … hr ~hþ^jr H$sS> AgyZ {d{dY {nH$m§Mo ‘moR>çm à‘mUmV ZwH$gmZ H$aVo. ~rQ>r H$nmer‘wio `m {H$S>rMo {Z`§ÌU Pmco Amho; nU ^{dî`mV `m {H$S>r‘Ü`o ~rQ>rcm à{VH$ma H$aÊ`mMr e³Vr {Z‘m©U hmoD$ eH$Vo. A§S>çmVyZ ~mhoa nS>ë`mZ§Va Air gwédmVrg H$modir nmZo, H$ù`m, nmVr, ’w$co `m§da CnOr{dH$m H$aVo. ~m|S>o Amë`mZ§Va Ë`m‘Ü`o Vm|S> IwngyZ AmVrc ^mJ ImVo. Ë`m‘wio chmZ ~m|S>o, nmË`m, ’w$co, H$ù`m 44
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H$ama eoVrMo
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H¥${f OmJaU OyZ 2015
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H$ama eoVrMo eoVr H$aÊ`mgmR>r eoVH$è`mbm H$moUVrhr OmoIr‘ Zmhr. H$ama eoVr‘Ü`o `oUmè`m AS>MUr / g‘ñ`m H$ama eoVr‘Ü`o H$YrH$Yr eoVH$è`m§Zm H$mhr g‘ñ`m§Zm gm‘moao Omdo bmJVo. CXm. 1) H$ama eoVr‘Ü`o AQ>r d eVu Z nmië`mg dmX {Z‘m©U hmoVmV. eoV‘mbmMo ^md nS>ë`mg qH$dm ‘mbmMr àV Iam~ Agë`mg H§$nZr ‘mb IaoXrg ZH$ma XoVo. 2) H$mhr doim eoVH$arhr H$ama H$ê$Z ‘moS>VmV. Amnë`m ‘mbmbm BVaÌ Mm§Jbm ^md {‘imë`mg Vo BVam§Zm {dHy$Z Q>mH$VmV. ‘J H§$nZrZo ~r-{~`mUo, IVo d BVa Jmoï>tda Ho$bobm IM© Am{U CËnmXZ XwgarH$S>o {dH$bo Joë`mg AQ>tMm ^§J hmoVmo. 3) ~mOmam‘Ü`o H$‘r XamV Mm§Jë`m Jmoï>r åhUOoM ~r-{~`mUo IVo {‘iV AgVrb Varhr H§$nZrZo {Xboë`m {Z{dð>m§MrM IaoXr H$amdr bmJVo. 4) H$Yr-H$Yr H§$nZrH$Sw>Z `mo½` doir `mo½` à‘mUmV {Z{dð>m§À`m nwadR>`mV AS>Wim `odw eH$Vmo. 5) ~mOmam‘Ü`o ‘§Xr Agob Va H§$nZrH$Sw>Z eoVH$è`mbm n¡go {‘iÊ`mg Cera hmodw eH$Vmo. 6) H§$nZr gmo~V H$ama Ho$bobm Agë`m‘wio eoVH$è`mbm H$moUË`mhr n[apñWVrV ‘mbmMr JwUdÎmm Mm§Jbr R>odmdr bmJVo. H$ama eoVrMo àH$ma gd©gmYmaUnUo H$ama eoVr 5 àH$maÀ`m ‘m°S>obZo Ho$br OmVo. 1) H|$Ðr` ‘m°S>ob - `m àH$maÀ`m H$ama eoVr‘Ü`o àm`moOH$ eoVH$è`m§Zm gd© àH$maMr ‘XV H$aVmV. Ë`m‘wio ‘mbmMr àV Mm§Jbr amIÊ`mg ‘XV hmoVo. `m‘Ü`o àm`moOH$ eoVH$è`m§H$Sw>Z àH«$s`m`wº$ ‘mb {dH$V KoVmV. D$g , H$nmer, V§~mIw, Mhm, H$m°’$s d a~a B. {nH$m§À`m ~m~VrV ho ‘m°S>ob dmnabo OmVo. 2) Ý`wpŠb`g BñQ>oQ> ‘m°S>ob - ‘m°S>obMm Cn`moJ ‘w»`Ëdo H$ê$Z ’$i~mJmV, ^mOrnmbm Am{U ’$io {Z`m©V H$aUmè¶m H§$nÝ`mgmR>r hmoVmo. `mM eoVrVrb CËnmXZmgmR>r H§$nÝ`m H$ama H$aVmV. 3) ‘ëQ>rnmQ>u ‘m°S>ob - `m àH$maÀ`m H$ama eoVr‘Ü`o gaH$maMm gh^mJ AgVmo. åhUOoM emgH$s` g§ñWm, ImOJr g§ñWm d eoVH$ar `m§À`mV eoV‘mb IaoXr {dH«$s~m~V H$ama Ho$bo OmVmV. 4) BZ’$m°‘©b / d¡`º$sH$ ‘m°S>ob - {dH«o$Vm H§$nÝ`m eoVH$è`m§gmo~V h§Jm‘r ñdê$nmV H$ama H$aVmV. `m nÜXVrV H§$nÝ`m ‘mbmda àH«$s`m H$ê$Z ñWm{ZH$ ~mOmanoR>oV {dH«$s H$aVmV. h§Jm‘r {nHo$ CXm. ^mOrnmbm, ’$io Q>a~wO B. {nH$m§gmR>r ho H$ama Ho$bo OmVmV. 5) B§Q>a‘oS>rQ>ar ‘m°S>ob - `m‘Ü`o {dH«o$Vm H§$nZr JQ> 48
H¥${f OmJaU OyZ 2015
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amoJ {Z¶§ÌU Q>¸o$dmar dmTy>Z amono Omo‘Xma d nèøm§‘ܶo amonm§Mr g§»¶m dmT>Vo. amonmdñWoV amoJmMo ì¶dñWmnZ Ho$ë¶mZo nrH$ dmT>rÀ¶m AdñWoV H$amì¶m bmJUmè¶m IMm©V ~MV hmoVo d CËnmXZ dmT>rgmR>r ‘XV hmoVo. {~OàH«$s¶m Z Ho$ë¶mg bm|ã¶mVrb ~hÿVm§e Xmʶm§Mo énm§Va H$mOir¶wº$ {~¶mʶm§‘ܶo hmoVo VgoM nwT>rb dfuÀ¶m {nH$mV gwÕm àmXþ^m©d hmoD$ eH$Vmo. 2. Ádmardarb amoJ : H$mUr, AaJQ>, Xmʶmdarb ~waer, IS>IS>çm. {~OàH«$s¶m : H$mUr d AaJQ>H$arVm J§YH$ 4 J«°‘ qH$dm Wm¶a‘ 3 J«°‘ à{V {H$bmo {~¶mUo Va Xmʶmdarb ~waerH$arVm 2 J«°‘ Wm¶a‘ A{YH$ 1 J«°‘ H$m~}ÝS>°Pr‘ d IS>IS>çmH$arVm Wm¶a‘ 3 J«°‘ VgoM Q´>m¶H$moS>‘m© nmdS>a 10 J«°‘ à{V{H$bmo {~¶mʶm§g {~OàH«$s¶m H$amdr. ’$m¶Xo : XmUo H$mUr, {Pa߶m H$mUr ¶m amoJm§‘wio H$UgmVrb Xmʶm§Mo ê$nm§Va H$mOir¶wº$ XmʶmV hmoVo. AaJQ>‘wio YmݶmÛmao {dfmar Ðì¶mMr CËnÎmr hmodyZ {df~mYm hmoVo. Xmʶmdarb doJdoJù¶m ~waer‘wio àV d CJdU j‘Voda {dnarV n[aUm‘ hmoVmo. Ymݶ CËnmXZmV KQ> VgoM H$S>ã¶mMo ZwH$gmZ H$‘r H$aʶmgmR>r ~rO à{H«$¶oÛmao ¶m amoJm§Mo ì¶dñWmnZ H$aUo ‘hÎdmMo Amho. 3. H$nmerdarb amoJ : {~¶mʶm§nmgyZ CX²^dUmamo amoJ {~OàH«$s¶m : {~¶mUo V§VyahrV dmnamdo. {~OàH«$s¶oH$arVm H$m~m}³PrZ 1 J«°‘ A{YH$ Wm¶a‘ 3 J«°‘ VgoM Q´>m¶H$moS>‘r nmdS>a 4 J«°‘ à{V {H$bmo {~¶mʶm§H$arVm dmnamdo. H$anm amoJ {Z¶§ÌUmgmR>r 5 Q>¸o$ qZ~moir AH$m©Mr ’$dmaUr H$amdr. Xhr¶m amoJ {Z¶§ÌUmgmR>r 300 ‘oe J§YH$mÀ¶m ^wH$Q>rMr 25 {H$bmo ho³Q>aràm‘Uo YwaiUr qH$dm nmʶmV {‘giUmao J§YH$ 25 J«°‘ 10 {bQ>a nmUr ¶m à‘mUmV gH$mir qH$dm gm¶§H$mir ’$dmaUr H$amdr. ’$m¶Xo : V§ V y { dahrV {~¶mʶm§ À ¶m dmnamZo amo J mÀ¶m CX²^dmH$arVm H$maUr^yV AgUmè¶m ~waerMo ì¶dñWmnZ hmoVo. VgoM {~¶mʶm§g ~waerZmeH$mÀ¶m à{H«$¶o‘wio amoJO§Vy§Mm Zme hmodyZ amono Omo‘Xma dmT>VmV. 4. gmo¶m{~Zdarb amoJ : ‘wiHy$O/‘a {~OàH«$s¶m : ~waerOݶ amoJmnmgyZ g§ajUmgmR>r 3 J«°‘ Wm¶a‘ à{V {H$bmo {~¶mʶm§g bmdmdo. ’$m¶Xo : gmo¶m~rZMo CËnÞ ho PmS>mÀ¶m g§»¶oda Adb§~yZ AgVo. na§Vw ‘a/‘wiHy$O ¶m amoJm§‘wio PmS>m§Mr g§»¶m KQ>Vo. ¶mo½¶ g§»¶m R>odʶmgmR>r {~OàH«$s¶m ‘hÎdmMr Amho. 5. Vyardarb amoJ : ‘a / ‘wiHy$O {~OàH«$s¶m : Wm¶a‘ 3 J«°‘ à{V {H$bmo d 4 J«°‘ Q´>m¶H$moS>‘m© nmdS>aMr à{V {H$bmo {~¶mUo ¶mà‘mUo {~OàH«$s¶m H$amdr. ’$m¶Xo : ‘a/‘wiHy$O amoJmMo à‘mU H$‘r H$aʶmgmR>r VgoM amonmdñWonmgyZ PmS>o {ZamoJr R>odʶmgmR>r Am{U {nH$ amoJ‘wº$ 50
H¥${f OmJaU OyZ 2015
www.krishijagran.com amhmdo åhUyZ {~OàH«$s¶m H$amdr. 6. ~mOardarb amoJ : Jmogmdr, AaJQ> {~OàH«$s¶m : Jmogmdr amoJmH$arVm ‘oQ>°b°³Prb 35 Q>¸o$ Eg.S>r. 6 J«°‘ à{V {H$bmo {~¶mUo ¶mà‘mUo {~OàH«$s¶m H$ê$Z noaUr H$amdr. AaJQ> ¶m amoJmÀ¶m à{V~§YmH$arVm AaJQ>¶wº$ eoVmVrb {~¶mUo dmnê$ Z¶oV. {~¶mʶm§g 20 Q>¸o$ {‘R>mÀ¶m ÐmdUmV AmoVyZ T>dimdo. ÐmdUmda Va§JUmè¶m ñ³boamoer¶m Jmoim H$ê$Z OmiyZ Q>mH$mì¶mV. Vimer ~gbobo OS> {~¶mUo 3 doim ñdÀN> nmʶmZo YwdyZ gmdbrV dmidmdo. ’$m¶Xo : Jmogmdr qH$dm Ho$dS>m amoJmÀ¶m àmXþ^m©dm‘wio 100 Q>¸o$ Xmʶm§Mo ZwH$gmZ hmoVo åhUyZ ~waerZmeH$mMr {~OàH«$s¶m ’$m¶ÚmMr Amho. AaJQ> {‘lrV Ymݶ ImʶmgmR>r A¶mo½¶ VgoM {~¶mʶm§Ûmao ¶m amoJmMm àgma hmoV Agë¶mZo {‘R>mMr à{H«$¶m H$aUo ’$ma ‘hÎdmMo Amho. 7. ^wB©‘wJm§darb amoJ : ‘a/‘wiHy$O {~Oà{H«$¶m : Wm¶a‘ 5 J«°‘ qH$dm H$m~}ÝS>°Pr‘ AS>rM J«°‘ qH$dm H°$ßQ>a à{V {H$bmo {~¶mUo ¶mà‘mUo {~OàH«$s¶m H$ê$Z noaUr H$amdr. ’$m¶Xo : PmS>m§Mr EH$ar g§»¶m {Q>H$dVm ¶oVo. 8. gw¶©’w$bmdarb amoJ : ‘a, ‘wiHy$O, Ho$dS>m {~OàH«$s¶m : ‘a d ‘wiHy$O ¶mH$arVm H°$ßQ>Z qH$dm H$m~}ÝS>°Pr‘ qH$dm Wm¶a‘ 2 J«°‘ à{V {H$bmo à‘mUo {~OàH«$s¶m H$ê$Z noaUr H$amdr. Va Ho$dS>çmH$arVm 6 J«°‘ ‘oQ>°b°³Prb à{V {H$bmoà‘mUo dmnamdo. ’$m¶Xo : PmS>m§Mr g§»¶m amIʶmg ‘XV hmoVo. VgoM CËnÞmV dmT> hmoVo.
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mxkao] oulxkao jksM] rk- fuQkM] ft- ukf’kd ¼egkjk”Vª½ ‘kk[kk% fiaiG ¼jkekps½] mikluk ykWUl leksj] rk- fuQkM] ft- ukf’kd ¼egkjk”Vª½ E-mail: omgyatrinursary@gmail.com • www.omgayatrinursary.com
O¡{dH$ IVm§Mo
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2. ñ’w$aX {daKi{dUmao OrdmUy : ßgwS>mo‘moZmg, no{Zgrbr¶‘, A°ñna{Obg, Q>moê$bm, ìh°‘ 3. nmbme {daKi{dUmao OrdmUy : ’«°$Qy>ar¶m, A°J«mo~°³Q>oar¶‘, ‘m¶H«$mo~°³Q>oar¶‘, EÝQ>amo~°³Q>a 4. g| { ж nXmWmª M o {dKQ>Z H$aUmao OrdmUy : Q´>m¶H$moS>‘m© + {nEg~r 5. gw ú ‘ AÞÐì¶ Cbß~Y H$aUmao OrdmUy : A°{gS>rWrAmo~°grbg ’o$am°³grS>§g, WmAmo~°grbg 1. ZÌ pñWarH$aU H$aUmao OrdmUy am¶Pmo{~¶‘ : ¶m OrdmUy§Mo H$m¶© ghOrdr nÕVrZo MmbVo ho OrdmUy H$S>Ymݶ dJu¶ {nH$m§À¶m ‘wim‘ܶo pñWa hmodyZ JmR>r (ZmoS>çëg) ~ZdVmV. ‘wimda dmT>bobo OrdmUy hdoVrb ZÌmMo pñWarH$aU H$ê$Z {nH$m§Zm CnbãY H$ê$Z XoVmV. doJdoJù¶m JQ>mVrb {d{eï> {nH$m§Zm ˶mM JQ>mMo am¶Pmo{~¶‘ OrdmUy IV dmnamdo bmJVo. Mdir JQ> : Vya, ^wB©‘wJ, Mdir, ‘y§J, CS>rX (am¶Pmo{~¶‘ gm¶gar) ha^am JQ> : ha^am (am¶Pmo{~¶‘ gm¶gar) dmQ>mUm JQ> : dmQ>mUm, ‘gy a (am¶Pmo { ~¶‘ bo½¶w{‘Zm°{gA°a‘) JodS>m JQ> : KodS>m gd© àH$maMm (am¶Pmo{~¶‘ ’°${OAmobm¶) gmo¶~rZ JQ> : gmo¶~rZ (am¶Pmo{~¶‘ Omnmo{ZH$‘/ ~«°S>ram¶Pmo{~¶‘ OnmoZrH$‘) Aë’$m-Aë’$m JQ> : Aë’$m-Aë’$m, ‘oWr, bgyU Kmg (am¶Pmo{~¶‘ ‘obrbmoQ>r) ~agr‘ JQ> : ~agr‘ (am¶Pmo{~¶‘ Q´>m¶’$mobr) H¥${f OmJaU OyZ 2015
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O¡{dH$ IVm§Mo 250 J«°‘ à{V 10 {H$bmo {~¶mʶmg am¶Pmo{~¶‘Mr ~rOà{H«$¶m H$amdr. APmoQ>mo~°³Q>a : ho OrdmUy {ZH$mÀ¶m ‘yimda JmR>r Z ~ZdVm AghOrdr nÕVrZo ZÌ pñWarH$aU H$aVmV. VgoM ho OrdmUy ~rOm§Hw$aU d nrH$ dmT>rgmR>r Cn¶wº$ Aem agm¶Zm§Mm ómd V¶ma H$aVmV. H$mhr amgm¶{ZH$ VÎd ~waerZmeH$ VgoM H¥${‘ZmeH$ åhUyZhr H$m¶© H$aVmV. ¶m OrdmUy§Mm Cn¶moJ EH$Xb d V¥UYmݶ nrHo$ CXm. H$mnyg, Ádmar, ‘H$m, ~mOar, {‘Mu, gw¶©’w$b, dm§Jr, S>mit~ B. {nH$m§‘ܶo hmoVmo. APmoñnm¶arb‘ : ho OrdmUy V¥UYmݶ d ^mOrnmbm {nH$m§À¶m ‘wim§‘ܶo d ‘yim§da amhÿZ ZÌ pñWarH$aU H$aVmV. Ádmar d ‘H$m ¶m {nH$m§‘ܶo ¶m OrdmUy§Mm à^mdr Cn¶moJ {XgyZ ¶oVmo. A°{gQ>mo~°³Q>a : ho OrdmUy ‘w»¶Vm D$X d BVa eH©$am¶wº$ {nH$m§gmR>r O¡{dH$ IV åhUyZ dmnaʶmV ¶oVo. ho OrdmUy CgmMr ‘yio d BVa ^mJmV dmT>Z ZÌ pñWarH$aU H$aVmV. ho OrdmUy Am§Vaàdmhr Agë¶mZo pñWa Ho$boë¶m ZÌmbm nrH$ dmT>r‘ܶo gdm©{YH$ dmna hmoVmo. ~oUo à{H«$¶ogmR>r 2 brQ>a d ’$dmaUrgmR>r 10 {‘br à{V {bQ>a nmʶmV {‘giyZ dmnamdo. A°Pmobm : hr nmZdZñnVr eodmim~amo~a ghOrdr nÕVrZo hdoVrb ZÌ pñWarH$aU H$aVo. ¶mMm Cn¶moJ ^mV ImMamV {hadirMo IV åhUyZ H$aVmV. {Zio-{hado eodmi : ho eodmi hdoVrb ZÌ ^mV {nH$mbm CnbãY H$ê$Z Xo V o . ^mVmÀ¶m nwZbm©JUrZ§Va Xhm {Xdgm§Zr Mma {H$bmo à‘mUo g§nyU© eoVmV gma»¶m à‘mUmV ngamdo. ñ’y $ aX pñWam{dUmao OrdmUy : ñ’y$aX ho {nH$mÀ
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www.krishijagran.com ¶m dmT>rgmR>r Amdí¶H$ AgUmao EH$ ‘yb^yV AÞÐì¶ Amho. {ZgJm©V ñ’w$aV ¶wº$ ñdê$nmV AmT>iyZ ¶oV Zmhr. na§Vw I{ZOo, àmʶm§Mo Adeof, IS>H$ B. ‘ܶo AmT>iVmo. ho AÞÐì¶ O{‘ZrV {daKiʶmg H$R>rU Agy Z {e’$maerà‘mUo {Xboë¶m ñ’w$aX¶wº$ IVm§Mm Cn¶moJ nyU©nUo hmody eH$V Zmhr. ñ’w$aX {daKi{dUmao OrdmUy d {daKiboë¶m pñWa ñ’w$aXmMo {nH$m§Zm CnbãY Aem amgm¶{ZH$ ñdê$nmV ê$nm§Va H$amVV. nmbme {daKi{dUmao OrdmUy : dZñnVtÀ¶m nmZmMr OmS>r d ImoS>, ’$m§Úm§À¶m gmbrMr dmT> d ~iH$Q>rH$aU H$aʶmg nmbme ho ‘w»¶ AÞ Ðì¶ ‘mZbo OmVo. VgoM nmbme {nH$m§Mr amoJà{VH$maj‘Vm dmT>{dʶmg ‘XV H$aVo. ho OrdmUy pñWa ñdê$nmVrb nmbmemVyZ O¡damgm¶{ZH$ {H«$¶m§Ûmao nmbme ‘wº$ H$aVmV. d {nH$mbm CnbãY H$ê$Z XoVmV ho OrdmUy ¶m nmbmeMr dhZ {H«$¶mgwÕe g{H«$¶ H$aVmV. ~rOà{H«$¶ogmR>r 230 J«°‘ à{V 100 {H$bmo {~¶mUo, eoUIVmVyZ EH$ar 4 {H$bmo, {S´>n‘YyZ EH$ar 2 {bQ>a Va ’$iPmS>m§gmR>r 50 J«°‘ à{V PmS> dmnamdo.
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O¡{dH$ IVm§Mo g|{ж nXmWmªMo {dKQ>Z H$aUmao OrdmUy : {nH$m§À¶m Caboë¶m H$mS>r-H$Mè¶mMo AdeofmMo {dKQ>Z àH«$s¶o‘ܶo R>am{dH$ OrdmUy§Mo ¶moJXmZ AgVo. Ago OrdmUy O{‘ZrV {ZgJ©V: AmT>iyZ ¶oVmV. eoUIVmV EH$ar Mma {H$bmo Va à{V Q>Z H$mS>r H$Mè¶mgmR>r Mma {H$bmo dmnamdo. gwú‘ AÞÐì¶o CnbãY H$ê$Z XoUmao OrdmUy : O{‘ZrVrb CnbãY Aem A{dÐmì¶ ñdê$nmVrb gwú‘ AÞÐì¶o CXm. J§YH$, bmoh B. Mo CnbãY ñdê$nmV ê$nm§Va H$aʶmMo H$m¶© ho OrdmUy H$aVmV. {S´>nÛmao qH$dm eoUIVmVyZ EH$ar XmoZ {bQ>a dmnamdo. {OdmUy IVo dmnaʶmÀ¶m nÕVr : ~rOà{H«$¶m : 25 J«°‘ à{V {H$bmo {~¶mUo OrdmUy IV dmnamdo. {~¶mʶm§À¶m à‘mUmZwgma nwaogo nmUr KodyZ ¶mo½¶ à‘mUm‘ܶo OrdmUy IVo {‘gimdrV. EH$ar qH$dm ho³Q>ar bmJUmao {~¶mUo, VmS>nÌr, JmoUnmQ> qH$dm ’$aerda ngadmdo. ˶mda O¡{dH$ IVmMo ÐmdU H$ê$Z qenSy>Z hb³¶m hmVmZo EH$gmaIo {‘gimdo. à{H«$¶m Hoo$bobo {~¶mUo gmdbr‘ܶo gwH$dmdo d {~¶mUo gwH$ë¶mZ§Va bJoM noaUr H$amdr. H$moU˶mhr amgm¶{ZH$ IVm§~amo~a OrdmUy IVo qH$dm {~¶mUo {‘giy Z¶oV. amonm§À¶m ‘wù¶m§da A§VajrH$aU : OrdmUy g§dY©Zo à˶oH$s 500 J«°‘ 5 {bQ>a nmʶmV {‘giyZ ÐmdU V¶ma H$amdo. ¶m ÐmdUmV amonm§Mo ‘yio 5 {‘ZrQ>o ~wS>dyZ R>odmdr. ˶mZ§Va ËdarV amonm§Mr bmJdS> H$amdr. {nH$m§Zm nmUr Úmdo. eoUIVmV OrdmUy IVo {‘giyZ XoUo : 1 Vo AS>rM {H$bmo OrdmUy IVo 25 Vo 30 {H$bmo Mm§Jë¶m Hw$Oboë¶m
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e³¶Vm ~imdVo. åhUyZ gd©M àH$maÀ¶m O{‘ZrV {gbrH$m°ZMm dmna Ho$ë¶mg O{‘Zrbm d {nH$mbm ’$m¶Xm hmoD$Z ^anya XO}Xma CËnmXZ Koʶmg dmd {Z‘m©U hmoVmo. YmZ, D$g, Jhÿ, ‘H$m, MZm, H$mnyg, gmo¶{Z~, H$mohio, H$mH$S>r, H$mo~r BVa ^mOrnmbm, g§Ìm, ‘mog§~r, BVa ’$i~mJm, ’w$b~mJm VgoM gd©M {nH$m§Zm {gbrH$m°ZMm ’$m¶Xm hmoVmo. {nH$m§Mo Adeof, H§$nmoï> VgoM JìhmMo Hw$Q>ma, YmZmMo VUg ¶m‘ܶo {gbrH$m°Z AgVmo. na§Vw, ˶m‘Yrb {gbrH$m°Z {dÐmì¶ ñdê$nmV ¶oʶmg d {nH$m§Zm CnbãY hmoʶmg AZoH$ dfm©Mm H$mbmdYr bmJVm. {nH$m§Zm ’$m¶Xm hmoʶmÀ¶m Ñï>rH$moZmVyZ {dÐmì¶ ñdê$nmMm {gbrH$m°Z eoVmV XoUo ’$m¶Xo{ea Amho. {gbrH$m°Z¶wº$ H¥${f CËnmXZo ~mOmamV CnbãY AmhoV. {nH$m§da ’$dmaʶmnojm O{‘ZrVyZ ‘wim§Ûmao CnbãY hmoUmè¶m {gbrH$m°Zbm {nH§$ CÎm‘ à{VgmX XoVmV. Voìhm gd© eoVH$ar {‘Ìm§Zr {gbrH$m°ZMo ‘hÎd g‘OyZ KodyZ ˶mMm dmna H$ê$Z ’$m¶Xm H$ê$Z ¿¶mdm.
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XyYr ^monù`mMr H$moâVm H$ar gm{hË` : XwYr ^monim - 1 ‘Ü`‘, S>mirMo nrR>, gwHo$ Imo~ao - 1 dmQ>r - {H$gbobo., H$m§Xo - 4, Q>mo‘°Q>mo - 2, Ambo-bgyU-{‘aMr noñQ> - 2-3 N>moQ>o M‘Mo, {VIQ>, ‘rR>, bgyU - 4-5 nmH$ù`m, IgIg - 2 M‘Mo, Vri - 2 M‘Mo. H¥$Vr : gd©àW‘ XyYr ^monim {H$gyZ ¿`mdm. Ë`mV ‘rR> Am{U Ambo, bgyU, {‘aMr noñQ> KmbyZ R>odmdr. 5 {‘ZrQ>o ~mOybm R>odyZ Úmdo. Vmon`ªV H$T>B©V IgIg, Vri ho XmoÝhr Vobm{edm` naVyZ ¿`m. ho {‘Šga ‘YyZ dmQy>Z ¿`m. H$T>B©V WmoS>ogo Vob KmbyZ H$m§Xm naVyZ ¿`m. N>mZ Jwbm~r Pmbm H$s Ë`mVM gwHo$ Imo~ao naVyZ ¿`m. XmoÝhr åhUOo naVbobo H$m§Xm Am{U Imo~ao {‘Šga ‘Ü`o Q>mo‘°Q>mo d bgyU `m§À`m ~amo~a N>mZ ~marH$ dmQ>U H$ê$Z ¿`m. AmÎmmn`ªV XwYr ^monù`mbm noñQ> ‘wio nmUr gwQ>bobo Agob. Ë`mV ‘mdob BVHo$M S>mirMo nrR> Kmbm. AmUIr nmUr AOr~mV Kmby ZH$m ZmhrVa H$moâVo nMnMrV hmoVmV. AmVm ‘Ü`‘ AmH$mamMo H$moâVo (^Or gmaIo) ViyZ ¿`m. AmVm H$T>B©V WmoS>ogo Vob KmbyZ H$m§Xm- Imo~`m©Mo dmQ>U naVyZ ¿`m. Ë`mV {VIQ> Kmbm. AmVm Ë`mV 1 Vo 1.5 ^m§S>o nmUr Kmbm. (nmUr Ho$dT>o Vo AmdS>rZwgma). AmVm `mV AmYr dmQ>bobo Vri d IgIg `mMo dmQ>U Kmbm. AmVm Mdrà‘mUo ‘rR> KmbyZ 2-3 {‘ZrQ>o ‘ñV CH$ir AmUm. XyYr ^monù`mMo H$moâVo KmbyZ naV EH$ CH$ir AmUm.
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gm{hË` : 6 CH$S>bobr A§S>r, 2 ‘Ü`‘ AmH$mamMo H$m§Xm H$mnbobo, 1 ‘Ü`‘ AmH$mamMm Q>mo‘°Q>mo, 1/2 M‘Mm Amb§ bgyU noñQ>, 1 M‘Mm {VIQ>, H$b‘r, dobMr, bd§Jm, 1/2 M‘Mm Am‘Mya nmdS>a, hiX, YZo nyS>, {Oao nyS> ‘rR> d H$moqW~ra. H¥$Vr : àË`oH$ A§S>çmMo 4 bm§~ bm§~ H$mn H$amdo. Vyn Ja‘ H$ê$Z Ë`mV bgyU Amb§ noñQ> KmbyZ naVmdo Z§Va Ë`mV ~marH$ H$mnbobm H$m§Xm KmbyZ naVyZ ¿`mdo. AmVm Ë`mV {VIQ>, H$b‘r, dobMr d bd§Jm `m gd© ‘gmë`m§Mr nyS> KmbyZ Mm§Jbo naVmdo. Z§Va Ë`mV Q>mo‘°Q>mo Kmbmdo d MdrZwgma ‘rR> Kmbmdo d gdm©V eodQ>r H$moqW~ra d H$mnbobo A§S>r KmbyZ gìh© H$amdo. 56
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wÕrZo H$madmB© H$ê$ gZ`oaH$maZo, AerH$moAnoUmdahrjm ì`º$gyS>~H$aVmZm amÁ`mVrb `wVr gaH$maZo eoVH$è¶m§H$S>o Ho$boë`m Xwb©jm~Ôb ‘mOr Cn‘w»`‘§Ìr A{OV ndma `m§Zr Q>rH$m Ho$br. IoS>Jmd `oWo {d{dY {dH$mgH$m‘m§À`m CX²KmQ>Zàg§Jr Vo ~mobV hmoVo. VgoM ¶mdoir ˶m§Zr `wVr gaH$maÀ`m ^y{‘Ho$da àý{MÝh C^o Ho$bo. Am‘Xma N>JZ ^wO~i `m§Mm ZmdmMm C„oI Q>miyZ nwT>o Vo åhUmbo, gyS>~wÕrZo H$madmB© H$aUo MwH$sMo Amho. Hw$Ur MwH$bm Agob, Va Jmoï> doJir Amho. ‘mÌ Hw$Umdahr gyS>~wÕrZo H$madmB© H$ê$ Z`o. amÁ`mVrb OZVoH$S>o gaH$maMo bj Zmhr. gmIa H$maImÝ`m§Zmhr gÜ`m dmB©Q> {Xdg AmhoV. ‘w»`‘§Í`m§Zr 2 hOma H$moQ>tÀ`m ‘XVrMo AmídmgZ {Xbo; nU eoVH$è¶m§Zm AÚmn ‘XV {‘imbr Zmhr. eoVrH$S>o d D$g CËnmXH$ eoVH$è¶m§H$S>o gaH$maZo Xwb©j Ho$bo. `m àýr ‘mJ© H$mT>Ê`mgmR>r Amåhr ‘w»`‘§Í`m§Mr ^oQ> KoV AmhmoV. `m gaH$maZo noQ´mob-{S>PobMo ^md dmT>dbo, `mM gaH$maÀ`m H$mimV ‘hmJmB© dmT>br, Voìhm gm§Jm, 'AÀN>o {XZ' H$go Ambo? Agm ImoMH$ nU ‘m{‘©H$ àýhr Ë`m§Zr Ho$bm.
g§MZmb`mZo N>JZ ^wO~i `m§À`mda Jw Ý ho Zm| X dy Z Mm¡ H $erMm ’$mg Amdië`mZ§Va amï´>dmXr H$m±J«ogMo AÜ`j eaX ndma `m§Zr AIoa AmO ‘m¡Z gmoSy>Z ^wO~im§Mr nmR>amIU Ho$br. ‘§{Ì‘§S>imZo KoVboë`m {ZU©`mbm EH$Q>o ^wO~i O~m~Xma H$go, Agm gdmb H$aVmZm ndma `m§Zr bmMbwMnV à{V~§ Y H$ {d^mJmÀ`m VnmgmÀ`m nÕVrda {VIQ> Q>rH$m Ho$br. ho gaH$ma AmVm Amåhmbm H$Yr Oob‘Ü`o Q>mH$Vo`, Ë`mMrM dmQ> ~KVmo`, Agm Q>mobmhr ndma `m§Zr bJmdbm. Vnmg `§ÌUm§Zr àgma‘mÜ`‘m§Mm dmna H$ê$Z ~XZm‘rMr ‘mohr‘ Mmbdbr AgyZ Vr A`mo½` Amho, Agohr Vo åhUmbo. ‘hmamï´> gXZ KmoQ>mim, ~o{heo~r ‘mb‘Îmm, hdmbm AmXr àH$aUm§‘Ü`o Zm|X{dbo Jobobo JwÝho, Egr~rZo Kam§da KmVbobo N>mno `m‘wio ^wO~i JmoË`mV Ambo AmhoV. ‘mÌ, njmMo àdºo$ Zdm~ ‘m{bH$ `m§Mm AndmX dJiVm amï´>dmXrMo ZoVo ‘yJ {JiyZ Jßn ~gë`mZo ^wO~i EH$mH$s nS>ë`mMo {MÌ {Z‘m©U Pmbo hmoVo. njmÜ`j eaX ndma hoXoIrb Jobo XmoZ {Xdg ‘m¡Z ~miJyZ hmoVo. `m nmíd©^y‘rda ^wO~i `m§Zr AmO gH$mir eaX ndma `m§À`m {ZdmgñWmZr OmD$Z Ë`m§Mr ^oQ> KoVbr. `m gd© àH$aUm~m~V dñVwpñWVr ñnï> Ho$br. Ë`mZ§Va ndma `m§Zr ‘m¡Z gmoSy>Z ^wO~i `m§Mr OmoaXma nmR>amIU Ho$br.
Ho$Oardmbm§À`m Om{hamVrda ^mOn AmH«$‘H$ Am‘ AmX‘r nmQ>u gaH$maMr gÜ`m gd© {X Xw„rVrb a{MÌdmUr dm{hÊ`m§da Om{hamV gwé Amho. hr Om{hamV gwàr‘ H$moQ>m©À`m AmXoemMo C„§KZ H$aUmar Agë`mMo gm§JV ^maVr` OZVm njmZo Amjon KoVbm Amho. Om{hamV ËdarV ~§X Pmbr Zmhr, Va gwàr‘ H$moQ>m©V OmÊ`mMr V¶mar ^mOnZo XmIdbr Amho. ^mOnMo amï´>r` g{Md Ama.nr.qgh `m§Zr AmnÀ`m Om{hamVrda Amjon KoVbm Amho. Vo åhUmbo, 'AmnÀ`m Om{hamVrV ‘w»`‘§Ìr AaqdX Ho$Oardmb `m§Mm Moham {XgV Zmhr, nU dma§dma Ë`m§Mm C„oI H$aÊ`mV Ambm Amho. Ë`m§Zm 'Jar~m| H$m ‘grhm' XmIdyZ BVa njm§À`m ZoË`m§Zm Am{U àemgH$s` A{YH$mar Am{U ‘r{S>`mbm IbZm`H$mà‘mUo gmXa H$aÊ`mV Ambo. `m Om{hamVrVyZ Ho$Oardmbm§Zm gwàr‘ 58
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H$moQ>m©À`m AmXoemMo C„§KZ Ho$bo Amho.' gwàr‘ H$moQ>m©Zo Joë`m ‘{hÝ`mV gaH$mar Om{hamVrg§~§Yr EH$ AmXoe {Xbm Amho. Ë`mZygma gaH$mar Om{hamVt‘Ü`o ‘w»`‘§Ìr, ‘§Ìr, amÁ`nmb `m§À`mgh H$moUË`mM ZoË`mMo N>m`m{MÌ à{gÕ hmoUma Zmhr. gaH$mar Om{hamVt‘Ü`o n§VàYmZ, amï´>nVr Am{U grOoAm` `m§MoM N>m`m{MÌ àH$m{eV H$aÊ`mV `oVrb, Ago gwàr‘ H$moQ>m©À`m AmXoemV åhQ>bo Amho. AmnÀ`m Om{hamVrV gaH$maZo {X„rV H$em gwYmaUm Ho$ë`m, drOoMo ~rb H$‘r Ho$bo, Am°Q>mo [aŠem MmbH$ ‘rQ>aà‘mUoM n¡go KoVmV, ^«ï> àemgH$s` A{YH$mè`m§Zm AQ>H$ H$aÊ`mV Ambo `mMm C„oI Amho.
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~gë`mZo ~m§JbmXoeMo IoimSy> ZmamO hmoVo. Ë`m nam^dmMm ~Xbm ~m§JbmXoeZo KoVbm, Ago JmdgH$am§Zm dmQ>V Zmhr. Ë`m{df`r Vo åhUmbo, {H«$Ho$Q>em¡{H$Zm§À`m Ñï>rZo Jwédmar ~m§JbmXoeZo ^maVr` g§Kmda {‘idbobm {dO` hm gm‘mÝ` {H«$Ho$Q> àojH$m§À`m Ñï>rZo nam^dmMm ~Xbm Agy eHo$b; nU IoimSy> ‘mÌ Ë`m ^mdZoZo H$YrM IoiV ZmhrV. {dídMfH$ ñnY}Vrb ~m§JbmXoe-^maV g§Km‘Yrb gm‘Ý`mXaå`mZ n§Mm§Zr {Xboë`m MwH$sÀ`m {ZU©`m~Ôb JmdgH$aZr ñnï> Ho$bo H$s, n§Mm§Mo {Z`‘ H$mhr doim MwH$sMo R>ê$ eH$VmV. ‘mÂ`m Ñï>rZo `m àýmbm A{YH$ ‘hÎd XoVm H$m‘m Z`o. AWm©V n§Mm§Mr gXmof H$m‘{Jar, ho H$maU Agy eH$V Zmhr. nm{H$ñVmZ Am{U ~m§JbmXoe‘Ü`o AbrH$S>oM n§Mm§Zr Ho$boë`m H$mhr MwH$m§Mm bm^ ~m§JbmXoebm Pmbm hmoVm, Ago JmdgH$aZr {ZXe©Zmg AmUyZ {Xbo. {dídMfH$ ñnY}Vrb Ë`m gm‘Ý`mZ§Va ^maV Am{U ~m§JbmXoe g§KmVrb IoimSy§>Mo g§~§Y {~KS>ë`mMo Ë`m§Zr gm§{JVbo.
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gè¶m ’o$arV ’$ZmªS>mo daS°>ñH$moMm 7-5, 6-4 Agm XmoZ ÊS> ~w{Õ~i Qy>a ñnY}Mm EH$ ^mJ åhUyZ `oWo gwê$ Xwgai J« ° goQ²g‘Ü`o nam^d H$ê$Z Aìdb ‘mZm§{H$V A±ÊS>r Agboë`m Zm°d} ~w{Õ~i ñnY}V ^maVmMm ‘mOr ‘aoZo ¹$sÝg Šb~ Q>o{Zg ñnY}Mo Mm¡Wo {dOoVonX nQ>H$mdÊ`mÀ`m {XeoZo Hy$M Ho$br. `mAmYr Om°Z ‘°Ho$Z«mo, ~moarg ~oH$a, A±ÊS>r am°{S>H$ Am{U boQ>Z øw{dQ>Zo àË`oH$s Mma doim `m ñnY}Mo OoVonX nQ>H$mdbo Amho. `§Xmhr ‘ao {dO`r R>abm Va Vmo darb ‘mÝ`dam§À`m n§º$sV OmD$Z ~gob. Xwgè¶m goQ>‘Ü`o ‘ao gpìh©g H$aV AgVmZm XmoZXm daS°>ñH$moZo Mma ~°H$ nm°BªQ> J‘mdbo. Ë`mZ§Va ‘aoZo AIoaÀ`m Jo‘‘Ü`o ñnoZÀ`m Q>o{ZgnQy>Mr gpìh©g ^oXbr. 60
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