1
2
Contents
Acknowledgements 2
3 4
6
Mayor Jackson’s Letter Introduction Engagement Process
8
Climate Change Overview
12
Climate Action in Cleveland
22 30 40 50 60 68
74
Energy Efficiency & Green Building Clean Energy Sustainable Transportation Clean Water & Vibrant Green Spaces More Local Food, Less Waste Cross-Cutting Priorities
Implementation & Tracking Progress
76 References 78
List of Appendices
Acknowledgements The Mayor’s Office of Sustainability thanks the Sustainable Cleveland community for the many contributions to this Plan. The core team for this plan included the City of Cleveland, Brendle Group, Cleveland Neighborhood Progress, and ioby. The Racial Equity Institute, BrownFlynn, the Cleveland Urban Design Collaborative, and the University of Buffalo also provided significant technical expertise. We thank the 300 resident leaders who participated in neighborhood workshops. A big thank you to the Climate Action Advisory Committee, members of which are listed here. Thanks to our funding partners for their thought leadership, guidance, and financial support —these include the Funders’ Network for Smart Growth and Livable Communities (Partners for Places grant), the George Gund Foundation, and the Cleveland Foundation. The City of Cleveland and Cleveland Neighborhood Progress also provided in-kind support.
Alliance for the Great Lakes ArcelorMittal Bike Cleveland BrownFlynn Buckeye Ministry in Mission Alliance Burten, Bell, Carr Development, Inc. Case Western Reserve University
Cuyahoga County Land Reutilization Corporation Cuyahoga County Soil & Water Conservation District Cuyahoga Metropolitan Housing Authority
Catholic Charities Diocese of Cleveland
Detroit Shoreway Community Development Organization
City of Cleveland
Eaton Corporation
Cleveland 2030 District
Emerald Cities
Holden Forests & Gardens Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Foundation Cleveland Housing Network Cleveland Metroparks Cleveland Metropolitan School District Cleveland Museum of Natural History Cleveland Neighborhood Progress Cleveland State University Cleveland Thermal Corporate Sustainability Network Cuyahoga Community College
2
Cuyahoga County
Environmental Health Watch Famicos Foundation Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland The Food Access Raises Everyone (FARE) Project & The Food Trust
Kent State University Cleveland Urban Design Collaborative KeyBank Lincoln Electric Lutheran Metropolitan Ministries MetroHealth NAACP, Cleveland Chapter NOACA Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District Ohio City, Inc. Ohio Interfaith Power and Light Ohio Sea Grant Ohio State University Extension, Cuyahoga County Olivet Institutional Baptist Church
Forest City Enterprise
Prosper for Purpose
Great Lakes Energy Institute
Resilient Cleveland Climate Ambassadors
Greater Cleveland Partnership / Council of Smaller Enterprises Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority
Sierra Club Slavic Village Development Towards Employment
Green Strategies LLC
Trust for Public Land
Hispanic Alliance
United Church of Christ
ioby Kamm’s Corners Development Corporation
United Way University at Buffalo
Mayor’s Letter Dear Friends, For the past year, the City of Cleveland has led a community process to update its Climate Action Plan. When the U.S. pulled out of the Paris Climate Agreement in 2017, it became clear that leadership from local government, businesses, and civic institutions is needed now more than ever. So, I re-affirmed my commitment to climate action, along with 400 “Climate Mayors” across the country.
Dear Friends,
Collectively, we’ve made progress since the first Cleveland
For the past year, the City of Cleveland has ledWe’ve a community process to update its Climate Action Plan. When the Climate Action Plan launched in 2013. reduced carbon U.S. pulled out of the Paris Climate Agreement in 2017, it became clear that leadership from local government, pollution while growing the economy. Water quality and businesses, and civic institutions is needed now more than ever. So, I re-affirmed my commitment to climate air quality continued improve. The has been action, alonghave with 400 "Climateto Mayors" across theCity country.
recognized for supporting solar and wind energy. More than 70
Collectively, we've made progress sinceinstalled the first Cleveland Climate Action Plan launched in 2013. We've reduced miles of bike infrastructure were and the bike share carbon pollution while growing the economy. Water quality and air quality continued to the improve. The City system launched. Dozens of organizations launched and are nowhave implementing Cleveland Tree has been recognized for supporting solar and wind energy. More than 70 miles of bike infrastructure were Plan. And we have supported more than 50 resident-led, neighborhood-based climate action projects. installed and the bike share system launched. Dozens of organizations launched and are now implementing the Cleveland Treepositive Plan. And we have supported more thanwork 50 resident-led, climate Despite this momentum, we know much remains toneighborhood-based accelerate progress, andaction to ensure projects.
those most in need enjoy the benefits of climate action. This plan update builds off the previous work by firmly a series cross-cutting priorities: social and racial equity, green jobs, resilience to Despite thisestablishing positive momentum, weof know much work remains to accelerate progress, and to ensure those most in the impacts climate change, and business leadership. need enjoy the of benefits of climate action. This plan update builds off the previous work by firmly establishing a
series of cross-cutting priorities: social and racial equity, green jobs, resilience to the impacts of climate change, I would likeleadership. to thank the Climate Action Advisory Committee, the project’s core team, the funders, and and business
all the residents who contributed their time and expertise. We can achieve this plan, but it requires
Iawould like to thank Climate Action Advisory Committee, the and project’s core team, the funders,the andCity all the commitment fromthecivic leaders, businesses, institutions, individuals throughout of residents who contributed their time and expertise. We can achieve this plan, but it requires a commitment Cleveland. While this plan centers on the City of Cleveland, it requires a broader community from effort. We civic leaders, businesses, institutions, and individuals throughout the City of Cleveland. While this plan centers on look forward to collaborating with communities across Northeast Ohio to enable the regional prosperity the City of Cleveland, it requires a broader community effort. We look forward to collaborating with communities we allNortheast seek. Ohio to enable the regional prosperity we all seek. across
This plan is about much more than climate change. Implementing the actions in this plan will create a
This plan is about much more than climate change. Implementing the actions in this plan will create a more more sustainable By strengthening economy, cleaning our and improving sustainable Cleveland.Cleveland. By strengthening our economy, our cleaning our environment, andenvironment, improving the health and the health and wellness wegreen are building a thriving wellness of Clevelanders, we of areClevelanders, building a thriving city on a blue lake. green city on a blue lake. Sincerely,
Sincerely,
Frank FrankG.G.Jackson Jackson Mayor Mayor
3
Introduction When the U.S. pulled out of the Paris Climate Agreement in 2017, it became clear that leadership
from cities, counties and states, businesses, and universities is needed now more than ever. So Mayor Jackson, along with climate mayors across the country, re-affirmed commitment to the Paris Agreement. A statement from the 400+ U.S. Climate Mayors aligns well with Cleveland’s approach to climate action.
“We will continue to lead. We are increasing investments in renewable energy and energy efficiency. We will buy and create more demand for electric cars and trucks. We will increase our efforts to cut greenhouse gas emissions, create a clean energy economy, and stand for environmental justice. And if the President wants to break the promises made to our allies enshrined in the historic Paris Agreement, we’ll build and strengthen relationships around the world to protect the planet from devastating climate risks.”
80%:
Cleveland’s Greenhouse Gas reduction goal by 2050
4
At the heart of climate action in Cleveland is building thriving and resilient neighborhoods throughout the city. The 2013 Cleveland Climate Action Plan
established an overarching greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction goal of 80% below 2010 emissions by 2050, with interim goals of 16% reduction by 2020 and 40% reduction by 2030. These goals are designed to be bold yet achievable. This updated plan retains those goals, while elevating the actions neighborhoods and residents can take every day.
Many organizations, businesses, neighborhoods, and people have been working to reduce their carbon footprint associated with energy use, transportation, solid waste, and other areas. While reducing emissions is a driving force for many of these efforts, there are many other benefits to taking climate action. In fact, even if climate change was not a factor (which it is!), taking the actions laid out in this plan would still make sense from an economic, environmental, and equity perspective. The worsening impacts of climate change simply adds urgency to acting now.
Key benefits of taking climate action include: Local green job creation and sustainable economic development Reduced utility and maintenance costs for homes, businesses, and government
[Climate] Resilience: the capacity of a community to anticipate, plan for, and mitigate the risks—and seize the opportunities —associated with environmental and social change. https://kresge.org/library/bounce-forwardurban-resilience-era-climate-change
Improved risk management and resilience to climate change Healthier, more comfortable homes Improved air quality, public health, and quality of life More educated population with the tools to take action at home, at work, and in their community While the first Cleveland Climate Action Plan (CAP) has been successful in building momentum for climate action in Cleveland, much work remains to scale these benefits, especially for those most in need. To improve outcomes in these areas, the updated CAP was supported by a 90-member Climate Action Advisory Committee (CAAC). By engaging leading organizations throughout the community, this Climate Action Plan has great transformative potential to inform other regional planning efforts and projects. Equitablydriven sustainability and climate action can strengthen the impact of a wide variety of organizations. 5
Renewable Energy: 9.9%, 10,401 jobs
Advanced Technologies: 12.2%, 12,856 jobs441 jobs Clean Fuels: 0.4%,
Advanced Renewable Energy: 9.9%, 10,401 jobsGrid: 0.1%, 139 jobs
Clean Fuels: 0.4%, 441 jobs
EngagementClean Energy Jobs Value Chain, 2016 Process
Advanced Grid: 0.1%, 139 jobs
Construction : 46.6%
Manufacturing: 28.6% 9.0% Clean Energy Jobs Value Chain,Trade: 2016 Cleveland is truly a city of neighborhoods. Lasting
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Construction : 46.6% Manufacturing: 28.6%
Professional Services: 8.8%
climate action requires planning, engagement, and at the neighborhood level.
Otherimplementation Services: 3.7%
Utilities: 3.4% CAP workshops Learn More. Say More. Do More: Workshops on Health, Trade: 9.0% held throughout Community and Climate Action provided a key engagement platform for the Climate Action Plan (CAP) update process. the City of 8.8% Professional Services: City of Cleveland need to edit with Over six months andEnvironmentally 12 workshops, more than 300 Economically Cleveland with percentages Other correct Services: 3.7% attendees voiced priorities Sound for themselves, theirFeasible family, and more than their neighborhood. These priorities were then connected to
Utilities: 3.4%
300
Sustainability
climate action. At each workshop, facilitators and participants alike represented Cleveland’s diverse population and worked Socially together to identify priorities, many of which are seen in the Equitable CAP through objectives that address:
attendees City of Cleveland
es
Economically Environmentally Vacant land and illegal dumping Feasible Sound Access to quality, affordable, healthy food 178 and Community Gardens
Workshop ParticipantsSustainability CaucasianProgramming / White: 44%
energy costs
needs to help7 residents Farm Standssave money on
African American / Black: 37%
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Farm Markets
Socially Other: 14% Gaps in connecting residents to industries where green Equitable Hispanic / jobs Latino:are 3%most likely to be found Asian: 2%
1
Safety issues related to transportation, 7 Farm Stands mobility, and parks 12
Workshop Participants Caucasian / White: 44% African American / Black: 37%
Asian: 2%
6
Farm Markets
Youth178 engagement the role of education in climate Communityand Gardens action and resilience 7
Farm Stands
12
Farm Markets
Other: 14% Hispanic / Latino: 3%
CSA
1
CSA
7
Farm Stands
12
Farm Markets
Clea Extremely Well: 26%
Clean En
Very Well: 47%
Extremely Well: 26%
Ener
Somewhat Well: 19% Very Well: 47%
Adv
N/A (AlreadyWell: Had19% an Somewhat Understanding): 7%
Rene
N/A Had an Q: How well do you understandNot climate change So(Already Well: 1% after attending the workshop? Understanding): 7%
Not Well: 0% NotAtSoAll Well: 1%
Not At All Well: 0%
Extremely ExtremelyWell: Well:26% 26% Very Well:47% 47% Very Well: SomewhatWell: Well:19% 19% Somewhat N/A (AlreadyHad Hadan an N/A (Already Understanding):7% 7% Understanding): Yes: 61%Well: 1% Not Not SoSo Well: 1% Yes: 61% Maybe: Not At36% All Well: 0% Not At All36% Well: 0% Maybe: No: 3% No: 3%
Q: As a result of attending the workshop, how engaged do you feel in the Climate Action Plan and efforts of the City and partners to ensure neighborhood priorities are included in the process? Yes: 61% Yes: 61% 36% Maybe: Maybe: 36% No: 3% No: 3% Well: Empowered 27% Extremely 26% level): Empowered(highest (highest level): 27% Extremely Well: 26%
Collaborated (moderate 25% Collaborated (moderate level): level): 25% Very Well: 47% Very Well: 47%
Involved(medium (medium level): 28% Involved level): Somewhat Well: 19% Somewhat Well: 19% Consulted(low (lowlevel): level): 9% Consulted N/A (Already Had an 9% N/A (Already Had an Understanding): Informed(lowest (lowest7% level): 11% 11% Informed level): Understanding): 7% Not So Well: 1% Not So Well: 1%
Not AtAtAll 0% Empowered (highest Not AllWell: Well: 0% level): 27%
Q: After attending the workshopCollaborated are you inspired (moderate level): 25% Empowered (highest level): 27% to do a project? Involved (medium level): 28%
Clea
Each workshop dedicated Adv time to supporting resident Clea Clean E projects through the ioby (in Clea our backyard) crowd-sourcing Ene platform and Cleveland Climate CleanAdv En Action Fund grants. Ren The Cleveland Climate Action Fund Crowd-Funding Challenge presented at the workshops inspired over 40 neighborhood projects including (but not limited to): tree plantings, composting of food waste, installations of solar panels, re-activating vacant land, need to editMore with and capturing stormwater. need to edit with correct percentages percentages than half of the correct project leaders successfully met fundraising goals and received matching dollars through the Cleveland Climate Action Fund. At the end of both rounds of crowd-funding, approximately $120,000 need to editwas with correct percentages invested in neighborhood-based need to edit with climate action projects the correctacross percentages city, which includes $50,000 of Cleveland Climate Action Fund dollars.
Con Clea Man Adv Trad
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Collaborated (moderate level): 25%
Hisp Con
Consulted (low level): 9%
Involved (medium level): 28%
Asia Man
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Consulted (low level): 9%
Trad
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Climate Change Overview Greenhouse Gas (GHG): Any gas that absorbs infrared radiation (heat) in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and others.
Climate Change Adaptation: Preparing for the impacts of an already changing climate.
Climate Change Mitigation: Reducing GHG emissions and lessening impacts from additional warming of the atmosphere.
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The release of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from the burning of fossil fuels and other sources is increasing the greenhouse effect of the Earth’s atmosphere. GHGs act like insulation around Earth, trapping heat and energy in the atmosphere and causing the global temperature to increase. This phenomenon is called the greenhouse effect. It is natural and necessary to support life on Earth, but the excessive buildup of GHGs from burning fossil fuels is changing the Earth’s climate resulting in negative impacts on human, environmental, and economic health.
Why Climate Action? According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, annual temperatures in the Midwest, including Northeast Ohio, have increased over the last several decades. Heat waves are becoming more frequent. Snow and
ice are arriving later in the fall and are starting to melt earlier in the spring. Heavy downpours now occur twice as frequently as they did a century ago. These trends are likely to continue under future climate change: average summer temperatures are projected to increase by 3°F over the next few decades, and could increase by over 10°F by 2100 without global action. Cities are at the front lines of climate change, and Cleveland is no exception. Cities are in a unique position to provide good quality of life for residents. With a greater density of amenities and infrastructure (transit, streets, buildings, etc.), cities offer relatively low levels of GHG emissions per person than in the suburbs or more rural areas. Cities also have a key role to play in adaptation: preparing people for floods, storms, heat waves, and other impacts of climate change. Addressing climate change head-on through this Climate Action Plan will not only help the city take important steps to mitigate climate change, but will also provide numerous economic and environmental benefits to Clevelanders that are more equitably distributed.
): 27%
evel): 25%
Equity
Equity: Understanding and giving people what they need to enjoy full, healthy lives. Racial equity, in particular, is the Live in areas with less green space and to be more vulnerable to heat related and respiratory illnesses condition that would be achieved if one’s race Be impacted by extreme weather events that occur Sectors,no 2016 longer predicted as a result of climate change due toClean low Energy accessTechnology to key information and available programs and services as a one fares.3 Energy EfďŹ ciency: 77.4%, 81,606 how jobs
In recent years, negative effects of climate change such as extreme storms and flooding have been shown to disproportionally impact communities of color and low-income communities1. For example, low-income populations and communities of color are more likely to2:
result of language, cultural, or geographic barriers
Advanced Technologies: 12.2%, 12,856 jobs
Renewable 9.9%, 10,401 jobs Have less access to healthy and energy efficientEnergy: housing, transit, or safe bicycling and walking routes Clean Fuels: 0.4%, 441 jobs Advanced Grid: 0.1%, 139 jobs
Spend a disproportionate amount of their annual income on energy costs (13.3% compared to 3.3% for non-lowincome households)
Clean Energy Jobs Value Chain, 2016
These are among the reasons that equity serves as the main Construction : 46.6% thread that ties this plan together. One of the advantages of organizing around climate action is that strategies to 28.6% Manufacturing: reduce GHGs and adapt to climate change Trade: create9.0% many other quality of life benefits. For example, investing in Professional Services: 8.8% cleaner transportation options also improves air quality and Other Services: 3.7% creates safer, more walkable streets, thereby increasing Utilities: 3.4% the health and well-being of residents. Prioritizing actions within communities of color and low-income neighborhoods will have a greater impact because they have traditionally City of Cleveland been impacted disproportionately sources and need to edit with by pollution Environmentally correct percentages development patterns that both contribute to climate change. Sound
Economically Feasible
Sustainability Socially Equitable
28%
1%
9 178 Community Gardens
To help view climate action through an equity lens, CAAC members were supported in taking racial equity training. An equity and engagement subcommittee also formed to develop a racial equity tool (see Appendix A, Racial Equity Tool). This tool was used to assess every objective in this plan for its ability to improve racial equity. These efforts established the foundation for a shared approach for equitable climate action. As an additional resource, our partners at ioby developed A Racial Justice Guide from lessons learned working in Cleveland! Download the guide at: https://www.ioby.org/resources/guidetoracialjustice
Economy
Appendix A: Racial Equity Tool
Cities across the country are experiencing the economic benefits of taking climate action. Cleveland has the potential to achieve similar or better results as other cities, largely because of the unique local opportunities to improve building efficiency and to transition from coal to more sustainable sources of energy. Perhaps the most compelling economic case for this plan comes from the numbers and types of jobs the actions generate (see Appendix B, Green Jobs / Workforce Development Analysis). Many employment sectors comprise the green job industry, such as green building and construction trades, manufacturing, clean technology, energy, green infrastructure, civil engineers, and other professional/ technical trades like environmental policy experts and planners, among others. In Cleveland, where manufacturing and professional/technical trades account for nearly 25% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), investment in these jobs is a reinvestment in the long-term stability of the City’s economic infrastructure.
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The Sustainable Cleveland 2019 initiative is, at its core, focused on sustainable economic development. This plan builds off lessons learned since 2009 by prioritizing actions where business and government can work together to support green job growth.
Environmental Climate change is having wide-ranging impacts on people and the environment in Northeast Ohio. Generally, these impacts exacerbate existing challenges by putting additional stress on vulnerable populations, infrastructure, and ecosystems. Impacts on public health include 1) more heat-related stress, 2) greater risk of vector-borne illness, and 3) reduced summer air quality in urban areas than would otherwise occur due to increased ground-level pollution. Climate change will also place additional stress on water resources, a key natural asset in Cleveland and Northeast Ohio. Impacts include 1) warmer water temperature in lakes and rivers causing increased evaporation and heavy precipitation events, 2) increased competition for water, 3) stress on wetlands, 4) reduced hydropower generation, and 5) earlier snowmelt and peak runoff increasing flooding risk. Additional climate impacts to biodiversity and ecosystems in Northeast Ohio include 1) shift in the distribution and range of species, 2) loss of species not able to adapt to changes and facing increased competition from invasive species, and 3) decline in beach health and more harmful blooms of algae. Note that longer growing seasons over the next few decades will increase yields of some crops, but benefits will be offset by occurrence of extreme events such as heat waves, droughts, and floods. Through climate action, Cleveland can cement its place among world leaders on climate change, help to preserve a healthy planet for generations to come, and invest in local businesses and infrastructure that allow for the City to thrive. More details can be found in Appendix C, Social and Climate Vulnerability Assessment.
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Climate Action in Cleveland Carbon Footprint (aka Greenhouse Gas Inventory): The total amount of GHGs that are emitted into the atmosphere each year by a person, family, building, organization, or company. A person’s carbon footprint includes GHG emissions from fuel that is burned directly, such as by heating a home or riding in a car. It also includes GHGs that come from power plant emissions that make electricity, and landfills where trash is sent.
[Carbon] Source: An energy type or other process that emits GHG emissions such as natural gas. 12
In 2013, Cleveland released its first Climate Action Plan (CAP), with a commitment to update approximately every 4-5 years. Since that time, we have been able to see significant progress on many of the original plan’s actions. This update was made in reference to the 2013 plan as a benchmark for continued improvement in both the outcomes and the process, getting us not only to our emission reduction goals, but ensuring resiliency along the way. To see and understand progress since 2013, please refer to each Progress Since 2013 section included throughout the focus area objectives.
Cleveland’s 2016 Carbon Footprint To understand the changes in Cleveland’s GHG emissions, the city’s carbon footprint for 2016 was calculated and compared to 2010 emissions. The city’s emissions from building energy use (electricity and natural gas), transportation (onroad vehicles, marine vessels, and airline travel), and waste (solid waste and wastewater) were calculated for 2016 and compared to the baseline of 2010. Cleveland’s carbon footprint has been reduced from 12.8 million MTCO2e in 2010 to 12.5 million MTCO2e in 2016, a 2% decrease. The trends of emissions by source is shown in Figure 1. Since the industrial revolution the world has largely seen economic growth and GHG emissions coupled. So when economic activity goes up so do emissions, and vice versa. With decoupling, like we’re starting to see here in Cleveland, economic activity goes up, while emissions go down. When we compare GHG emissions against economic growth as measured by Gross Regional Product (GRP), from 2010 to 2016, we see an 13% decrease in MTCO2e/GRP. This trend needs to accelerate at a global scale to prevent the worst impacts of climate change. For more information on GHG inventory results and methodology including changes baseline calculations see detailed emissions calculation report in Appendix D: Cleveland’s Greenhouse Gas Inventory.
The two major contributors to Cleveland’s reduced carbon footprint are: 1) decreased electricity emissions from a shift in the fuel used to generate electricity (largely from coal to natural gas and clean energy) and 2) reduced natural gas use in buildings. These reductions have been partially offset by increased emissions from on-road vehicles and industrial processes since 2010, largely due to economic recovery since the recession.
Sector: A descriptor used to identify the subset of a community responsible for the emissions (ex: the residential sector)
MTCO2e: Metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent, a common unit of measurement when looking at climate action measures. The unit “CO2e” represents an amount of a GHG whose atmospheric impact has been standardized to that of one unit mass of carbon dioxide (CO2), based on the global warming potential (GWP) of the gas.
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GHG Emissions (MT of
y
Gas
ste
essels
2 0
14
12 10
Electricity
Natural 6 Gas
Fugitive12.8 MT Natural Gas
On-Road Vehicle412.5 MT
2
Solid Waste
Reduction by Focus Area: 1.6 million MT CO2e
Baseline (2010): 12.8 milion MT CO millionMT MTCO2e CO2e 2030 Goal: 7.72.5 million Reduction: 40%
.4 million MT CO2e 2016 City 2010 of Cleveland Year GHG Emissions by Sector
<0.1 million MT CO2e *
Process for Achi
<0.1 million MT CO2e *
Industrial Emissions 2
2016 Marine Vessels
Baseline (2010): 12.8 milion MT CO2e
2030 Goal: 7.7 million MT CO2e Wastewater 0
Reduction: 40%
2010
8Natural Gas On-Road Vehicle
6
Industrial Emissions
Year
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0.6 million MT CO2e Ene
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*Actions in these two focus areas tend to improve resilience rather 10 Tra than reduce emissions
Wa
2030
8 6
Energy Use: 49% Industrial Emissions: 34%
4Wastewater 2 0
4
0
8 Figure GHG 20101: 2016 Figure 1: City City of of Cleveland Cleveland GHG Emissions 2010-2016 2010–2016by bySource Source Emissions
12 Airline 10
GHG Emissions (MT of CO2e) in Millions
Process for Achieving Our 2030 Goals
4 12.5 MT
GHG Emissions (MT of CO2e) in Millions
MT
6
GHG Emissions (MT of CO2e) in Millions
GHG Emissions (MT of
ty of Cleveland GHG 010-20166by Source
2010 Electricity
2016 Natural Gas
Fugitive Natural Gas
On-Road Vehicle
Airline
Industrial Emissions
Solid Waste
Wastewater
Marine Vessels
4 16% Transportation:
Ind
Waste: 1%
Air
2
On1 Baseline (2010): 2030 Goal: 7.7 Fug mi Cleveland’s Carbon Reduction: 40% 0 Na Footprint Reductions 2010
from 2010 to 2016:
2%
Industrial Emissions: 34.86% Airline: 1.78%
Overall
On-Road Vehicle: 12.98%
10%
Fugative Natural Gas: 5.93%
Overall (excluding Natural Gas: 19.78% industrial Electricity: emissions) 24.36%
13%
Solid Waste: .31%
While experiencing an overall increase in economic growth (MTCO2e/GRP)
14
Ele
Sol
GHG Emissions (MT of CO2e) in Millions
Figure 2: Process for Achieving Our 2030 Goals by CAP Focus Process for Achieving Our Area 2030 Goals Reduction by Focus Area:
12
1.6 million MT CO2e
10
2.5 million MT CO2e
8
.4 million MT CO2e
6
<0.1 million MT CO2e * <0.1 million MT CO2e *
4 2 0
0.6 million MT CO2e Baseline (2010): 12.8 milion MT CO2e 2030 Goal: 7.7 million MT CO2e Reduction: 40% 2010
Year
*Actions in these two focus areas tend to improve resilience rather than reduce emissions
2030
Measuring Progress Figure 1: The two major contributors to Cleveland’s reduced carbon footprint are: 1) decreased electricity Energy Use: 49% emissions from a shift in the fuel used to generate electricity (largely from coal to natural gas and clean Industrial Emissions: 34% energy) and 2) reduced natural gas use in buildings. These reductions have been partially offset by increased Transportation: 16% emissions from on-road vehicles and industrial processes since 2010, largely due to economic recovery since the 1% Waste: recession. Figure 2: This figure shows how the implementation of Cleveland’s CAP will reduce the city’s carbon footprint by 40% by 2030, compared to a 2010 baseline. It also shows the relative saving potential of the different Focus Areas.
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Plan Framework The main components of the CAP are: Focus Areas are the main themes and organizing structure of the Climate Action Plan. Specifically, the Focus Areas include: Energy Efficiency and Green Building Clean Energy Sustainable Transportation Clean Water and Vibrant Green Space More Local Food, Less Waste Cross-Cutting Priorities are addressed throughout the CAP across all focus areas. They include: Social and Racial Equity Good Jobs, Green Jobs Climate Resilience Business Leadership Each priority is discussed in more detail in each of the focus areas. For more information, see the Cross-Cutting Priorities section for an overview. Appendices A,B,C & F include analyses and resources that support Cross-Cutting Priorities. Objectives summarize what the Cleveland community plans to achieve and are used to organize the various Actions. There are 28 Objectives across the five Focus Areas and CrossCutting Priorities. Goals embody the desired outcomes that the Cleveland community intends to achieve for each Focus Area. Where applicable, Goals include numeric targets and time frames for achieving these targets. In other instances, goals are more qualitative but still articulate a desired future end state.
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Actions consist of specific strategies that will be implemented to meet the Goals and Objectives. At this level projected costs and benefits were analyzed to help scale and prioritize possible actions. For any given Goal there are generally several supporting Actions.
The objectives by Focus Area as they relate to the CrossCutting Priorities are shown in the table on the following spread. For more detail on the Actions that support each Objective, see Appendix E. The impact of each of the objectives on the Cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s carbon footprint is shown on page 15. Additionally, this plan offers a detailed roadmap for community climate action. It does not provide every step needed to reach the goals and implement the actions. That will be up to key stakeholders and other partners. Note that the City of Cleveland has a separate sustainability plan, called the Sustainable Cleveland Municipal Action Plan, which focuses more on leading by example in City operations. The Cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s operations represent about 5% of the total emissions in the community, pointing to the need for community-wide collaboration that this Climate Action Plan represents.
Look for Actions throughout the Focus Area section marked with this symbol, indicating strong potential to help advance Social & Racial Equity in Cleveland
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FOCUS AREAS
FOCUS AREAS
SUSTAINABLE CLEAN ENERGY CLEAN ENERGY SUSTAINABLE ENERGY EFFICIENCY ENERGY EFFICIENCY TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION Projected CO2e Reduction: Projected CO2e Reduction: & GREEN BUILDING & GREEN BUILDING Projected CO2e Reduction: Projected CO2e Reduction: 2.5 million MT2.5 million MT Projected CO2e Reduction: Projected CO2e Reduction: .4 million MT .4 million MT 1.6 million MT1.6 million MT
1
1
5
5
11
11
Make more homes Make more homes Generate more more Drive cleaner, more solar more solarDrive cleaner, Generate affordable, affordable, efficient vehicles efficient vehicles energy locallyenergy locally comfortable, comfortable, healthy, healthy, and energy efficient and energy efficient 6 12 6 12 Build transportation Improve access to Improve access to Build transportation systems that prioritize systems that prioritize affordable clean energy clean energy affordable safety for allsafety for all Prioritize energy Prioritize energy for residents for andresidents small and small efficiency in small and in small and efficiency organizationsorganizations 13 13 mid-size businesses mid-size businesses 7 7 Increase useIncrease of publicuse of public 3 3 Reduce commerical Reduceand commerical and transit through transit through with industrial emissions regional with collaboration regional collaboration Support community Support communityindustrial emissions advanced technologies advanced technologies hubs to be more hubs to be more 14 14 efficient and efficient resilient and resilient 8 8 Make Cleveland a Cleveland a Make 4 4 Establish an offshore Establish an offshorepremier cycling city cycling city premier wind industrywind in industry in Promote newPromote new Northeast Ohio Northeast Ohio 15 15 construction construction and and major renovations major renovations Continue to Continue green to green 9 that meet high green that meet high green9 Cleveland’s ports Cleveland’s ports building standards building standards Use advanced technology Use advanced technology to build a cleaner, safer, to build a cleaner, safer, smarter city smarter city 2
OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES
2
10
10
Support clean energy clean policyenergy policy Support
*THE OBJECTIVE IS NUMBER NOT INDICATIVE OF RELATIVE *THE NUMBER OBJECTIVE IS NOT INDICATIVE OFIMPORTANCE. RELATIVE IMPORTANCE.
18
CLEAN WATER AND VIBRANT GREEN SPACE Projected CO2e Reduction: <0.1 million MT
MORE LOCAL FOOD, LESS WASTE Projected CO2e Reduction: <0.1 million MT
CROSS-CUTTING PRIORITIES Projected CO2e Reduction: 0.6 million MT The size of the icons indicates how much the Focus Area supports these priorities
16
22
Update land use policy to foster health, equity and sustainability
Encourage waste reduction and diversion in homes and businesses
17
23
Reduce dumping through vacant land reuse and education
Reduce food waste and hunger
18
24
Implement the Cleveland Tree Plan to grow and maintain a healthy urban forest
Enhance the local food system and resident access to high quality, affordable, healthy food
25 Engage residents to advance equity in climate action
26 Advance green jobs through workforce development
27 Support and recognize local businesses taking climate action
19 Improve access to clean and safe public parks
28 Improve resilience to climate change and other impacts
20 Scale up stormwater management 21 Improve water quality and conservation
19
Climate Focus Areas
20
The Climate Action Plan (CAP) was developed by many stakeholders with commitments to reduce the negative impacts of climate change through the CAP Focus Areas. The following sections are meant to provide a snapshot of the many ways each Focus Area contributes to climate action as they contain relevant key facts, main goals, cross-cutting priorities this area can advance, and an overview of the corresponding objectives and actions that make up the plan. For a more detailed description of plans for action implementation, refer to Appendix E, â&#x20AC;&#x153;Climate Action Implementation Plans.â&#x20AC;?
Energy Efficiency & Green Building Clean Energy Sustainable Transportation Clean Water & Vibrant Green Space More Local Food, Less Waste Cross-Cutting Priorities 21
Summary
sq ft “ Need 2016 729numbers: energy use
non-residential per building went up heating, ventilation, 2010 to 2015 and cooling (HVAC) contractors were employed in Cleveland in 2015 with an average wage of
”
$60,200
These people are instrumental in both energy efficiency retrofits in existing buildings and the construction of new high-performing buildings.
729
non-residential HVAC contractors were employed in Cleveland in 2015 with an average wage of
$60,200.
These people are instrumental in both Key Facts energy efficiency retrofits • In 2016, building energy use wasin theexisting source of 44% of all GHG emissions for thebuildings City of Cleveland. and the construction ofper new • In 2015, Ohioans spent roughly $3,600 person annually on energy, according to the Energy high performingInformation Administration, which is down from $4,700 per person buildings. in 2010 (due to increased production of natural gas and residential pricing lower than the US Average for this resource).
• Workers in green, well-ventilated offices record a 101% increase in cognitive scores (brain function)4.
22
‘06*
E # of Residential Units / Year
The business case for energy efficiency and green buildings is strong. They have lower utility and maintenance costs, less risk from energy price volatility, increase property values, improve health and productivity of occupants, create local jobs, and much more. Scaling up green building practices across the city is critical to ensuring every neighborhood and business receives these benefits.
2
# of Buildings Certified / Year
ENERGY EFFICIENCY & GREEN BUILDING
1 1 1 1 1
Objectives Make More Homes Affordable, Energy StarComfortable, Healthy, and Energy Efficient 1
1012 914 748
742
815
769
597
132
Goals
# of Buildings Certified (cumulative)
Enterprise Green Communities
• 2011 By 2030, reduce residential and commercial energy use 2009 2010 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 50% and industrial use by 30%.
6
8
31
28
27
2
Prioritize Energy 24 Efficiency in Small 20 and Mid-Size 19 Businesses
311
Support Community Hubs to be More Efficient and Resilient
13
‘10 ‘11 ‘12 New ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 • All large commercial and industrial buildings are tracking ‘07 ‘08 ‘09 Promote 4 and managing their energy use by 2023. Construction and
LEED Certified Buildings in the City of Cleveland
Major Renovations that Meet High Green Building Standards
18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
‘08 ‘09 ‘10 ‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17 Bronze
Silver
Gold
Platinum
23
Cross-Cutting Priorities Social & Racial Equity Policies implemented in the 1920s and applied through much of the 1960s made securing a loan to repair or renovate your home or purchase a home in a nicer neighborhood impossible for many black Clevelanders (Zeltner, 2016). One consequence is that many homes in predominantly black neighborhoods have fallen into disrepair. Greening these homes not only makes utility bills more affordable, but also provides a healthier environment for occupants.
Good Jobs, Green Jobs Industries to watch focus on products and services to improving energy efficiency and building performance, including: â&#x20AC;˘ New construction and remodelers â&#x20AC;˘ Electrical, plumbing and HVAC (heating, ventilation, and cooling) contractors Architectural and engineering services â&#x20AC;˘ Lighting equipment manufacturing In 2017, total employment in these industries in Cleveland was 6,276 and average annual wages were $68,038.
24
Climate Resilience As climate change brings more extreme heat to Cleveland, heat-related illnesses will become more prevalent and have a disproportionate impact on poor and elderly populations. More frequent heavy rain events will also have an impact on basement flooding. By making homes, businesses, and community hubs more efficient and resilient to extreme weather, these buildings can provide comfortable and safe places to shelter for those most vulnerable.
Business Leadership By investing in energy efficiency measures, Cleveland businesses can reduce energy price volatility, decreasing costs, and increase profits. Green buildings not only cost less to operate, but are also proven to improve worker retention and productivity. 25
Objective 1: Make more homes affordable, comfortable, healthy, and energy efficient Progress since 2013
Cleveland’s aging building stock and improving economy create opportunities for improved energy efficiency of existing older homes. This can be done through better insulation and air sealing, more efficient heating and cooling equipment, and efficient appliances and electronics. Key benefits include residents less burdened by utility costs and homes that are healthier and more comfortable.
Cleveland Energy$aver, Cleveland’s energy efficiency program, re-launched Northeast Ohio Public Energy Council (NOPEC) launched My Energy My Way The National Healthy Housing Center’s ranking for Cleveland is currently 22 out of 45, with a prior rank of 35
OBJECTIVE 2: ADVANCED & RENEWABLE ENERGY
# of Residential Units / Year
1012 914 815
742
City of Cleveland and Cuyahoga County launch programs to combat lead poisoning; specific departmental efforts from the City’s Healthy Homes Interdepartmental Initiative include: Energy Star
Cleveland Department of Health increased lead 32 31 Building investigations and enforcement; and Housing 28 27 created the Rental Inspection Healthy Homes Initiative; 24 Community Development awarded HUD funding to 20 provide grants19to eligible families for lead hazard repairs
Enterprise Green Communities
748
Dominion Energy Ohio and First Energy providing energy efficiency incentives to homeowners
769
597
# of Buildings Certified (cumulative)
Summary
Actions
132
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
a
6
# of Buildings Certified / Year # of Buildings Certified (cumulative)
‘07
Energy Star LEED Certified Buildings in the City of Cleveland 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 6
31 27
32
19
11
20
13
OBJECTIVE 3: SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY Silver
Gold
Platinum
26
Educate owners and tenants of affordable, multifamily housing about cost-savings gained from energy homes training programs ‘08 ‘09 ‘10efficient ‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 through ‘16 ‘17
c
Expand marketing plan for home weatherization citywide
d
Pursue coordinated one-touch approach to expand low-income housing programs by layering healthy homes, lead, and weatherization programs
e
All local utilities provide energy efficiency incentives and other resources to customers
‘08 ‘09 ‘10 ‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17 Bronze
8
Hold regular workshops with building contractors on green building best practices
8
‘07 ‘08 ‘09 ‘10 ‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17
13
b
28
24
11
& GREEN BUILDING
Objective 2: Prioritize energy efficiency in small and mid-size businesses Summary
Progress since 2013
Increasing energy efficiency in commercial and industrial properties can significantly increase savings on energy bills. Efficient buildings cost less to operate, adding directly to bottomline profits for local businesses.
As of 2017, Cleveland 2030 District signed up 50 building owners (representing 57 million square feet) to reduce energy use, water use, and transportation emissions, all supported by 60+ professional and community partners. These buildings have reduced the energy use per square foot by about 20%.
OBJECTIVE 2: ADVANCED & RENEWABLE ENERGY
Over the last several years COSE (Council of Smaller Enterprises) has conducted more than 1,000 energy audits (and 100 more per year through 2024), saving businesses millions Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) has developed an Industrial Assessment Center through the U.S. Department of Energy U.S. Green Building Council Ohio, NEO Region, restructured, partnered with Cleveland 2030 District on Annual Green Building Challenge
Actions a
OBJECTIVE 3: SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY
Coordinate and expand green building support to more sectors and neighborhoods
b
Explore energy efficiency policy options, including mandatory benchmarking and disclosure programs
c
Establish a local Industrial Assessment Center to support students and manufacturers in advancing energy efficiency
d
Become a leader in US DOEâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Better Buildings Program and Better Plants Program through expanded engagement
27
Objective 3: Support community hubs to be more efficient and resilient Summary Community hubs that implement best practices of energy efficiency and resiliency are integral to a communityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s ability to respond during extreme weather events. If the grid goes down or Cleveland experiences extreme heat or cold snaps, buildings like rec centers, libraries, schools, community development corporations (CDCs), and places of worship can serve a critical role for residents in need.
Actions a
Work with neighborhoods to identify and connect community hubs with limited resources to existing programs
b
Ensure energy efficiency and resiliency are prioritized in new school construction and retrofits
OBJECTIVE 2: ADVANCED & RENEWABLE ENERGY
Progress since 2013
Burten, Bell, Carr Development Inc. piloted an effort to make its building resilient in the face of extreme weather. A number of places of worship working to install solar on-site. 21 LEED certified educational facilities in Cleveland (Cleveland Metropolitan School District, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland State University, Cleveland Public Library, Cuyahoga Community College), with many others currently in design.
OBJECTIVE 3: SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY 28
Enterprise Green Communities
non-residential HVAC contractors were employed Summary in leveland in 2015 Modern green with building standards not only focus on an average wage ofensuring
an energy efficient building, but also an environment that promotes well-being. Buildings that meet these standards are Theseless people are expensive to operate and nstrumental bothemployee maintain,in improve retention, and lead to healthier energy efficiency and more productive occupants.
$60,200.
# of Residential Units / Year
729
Objective 4: Promote new construction and major renovations that meet high green building standards 748
b
The Cleveland Clinic’s Center for Functional Medicine achieved WELL building ‘06* certification, which places additional emphasis on the connection between building performance and human *2007 data not available health.
# of Buildings Certified / Year
In 2016, Ohio was the only state to receive a perfect score in Global Green’s analysis of green building criteria in low-income housing tax credit programs.
742
815
769
Develop more formal green policy for new commercial buildings that goes beyond code, especially for those projects receiving public money
132
Update Cleveland Green Building Standard to incorporate new codes, support higher performance building, and advance social equity
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
c
retrofitsOBJECTIVE in existing 2: Progress buildings andsince the 2013& ADVANCED construction of new The City of Cleveland’sENERGY Green RENEWABLE Building Standard, which must high performing be met to receive residential buildings. property tax abatement, was updated.
914
597
Actions a
1012
Incentivize continued use of financing tools to promote green building
LEED Certified Buildings in the City of Cleveland 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0
‘08 ‘09 ‘10 ‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17 Bronze
Silver
Gold
Platinum
OBJECTIVE 3: Development of statewide SUSTAINABLE green building council (U.S. Green Building Council Ohio, MOBILITY Northeast Ohio Region).
29
Employees in the manufacturing of specialty transformers vital to the expansion of clean energy have an average annual Clean energy wage of initiatives reduced the city’s emissions by about
$84,500
664,000 MT CO2e, which is about 30% of the total impact expected from these objectives.
30
Summary
Renewable energy sources are clean, inexhaustible, and increasingly cost competitive. Investing in solar, wind, and other advanced forms of energy generation creates good local jobs, supports economic development, and helps us breath easier. Clean energy includes renewable and advanced energy technologies; combined with energy efficiency and Renewab in Cuyah conservation, clean energy provides Cleveland with its greatest opportunity to reduce GHG emissions. The goals and objectives in this Focus Area lay the path for Cleveland and Northeast Ohio to be a national leader in clean energy.
Key Facts
54 people are
Cumulative Megawatts of Renewable Energy
CLEAN ENERGY
• Renewable portion of electricity generation profile in the increased employed from 7% in 2010 to 18% in 2016 for Cleveland 9 manufacturing ofFirst Energy. Public Power and 2% to 4% for .24
40
1.42 MW
specialty • Known renewable transformers energy installations across Northeast vital tofrom the0.24 expansion ‘10 ‘11 Ohio increased MW installed at 9 facilities in 2010 to to 15.02 MW installedThese across 178 facilities in 2017, clean energy. Cumu generating approximately 19 million kWh of clean electric jobs have an average power—enough to power over 2,000 Cleveland homes. # Num MW
annual wage of
$84,500.
• 49% of emissions come from electricity and gas use.
Source: Pub Approved ca
Goals
Objectives
• 25% of electricity used in Cleveland is supplied by renewable sources by 2030 (15% by 2022)
5
• Ensure all residents and businesses have access to affordable clean energy programs.
Generate More Solar Energy Locally
138
89 8.31 MW
165
14.42 15.02 121 MW 12.77 MW 104 11.05 MW 9.57 MW MW
2 W
‘12
‘13
‘14
‘15
‘16
‘17
GHG Emissions (MT of CO2e) in Millions
Industrial Process Emissions ble Energy Growth • 100% of electricity demand from clean energy by 2050 hoga County 5 178 Improve Access 4 3.66
3.60
3.94
6
3 2 1 0
7 2010 2011 2012
ulative Megawatts (MW)
mber of Facilities
blic Utilities Commission of Ohio (PUCO): cases of Renewable Energy Installations
8
9
4.37
4.12 4.09 Affordable Clean Energy for Residents and Small Organizations
to 3.96
Reduce Commercial & Industrial 2013 2014 2015 2016 Emissions with Advanced Technologies Establish an Offshore Wind Industry in Northeast Ohio Use Advanced Technology to Build a Cleaner, Safer, Smarter City
Support Clean 10 Energy Policy 31
Cross-Cutting Priorities Social & Racial Equity Fossil fuel energy generation have been shown to disproportionally impact low income communities and communities of color. According to a study by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), people living near the 75 dirtiest coal plants in the county had an average income 25% lower than their state average and almost 53% were people of color (Wilson, 2016). One of the plants identified in the report was the Lake Shore power plant in Cleveland, decommissioned in 2015. Communities living near these facilities have a higher exposure to the particulate matter and other pollutants emitted, therefore increasing the related health risks such as asthma and other lung diseases. At the same time, growing the clean energy economy creates opportunity for good local jobs for those most in need.
32
Good Jobs, Green Jobs Industries to watch focus on products and services related to the generation of electricity, heat, or fuel from renewable sources, including: • Power generation from renewable sources (solar, wind, geothermal, biomass, and other) • Manufacturing of turbines and turbine generator set units • Manufacturing of storage batteries • Lighting equipment manufacturing In 2017, total employment in Cleveland in these industries was 73 and average annual wages were $82,832. Note: These industries encompass the manufacturing of clean energy equipment and installation at a large (utility) scale, but the installation of building-scale equipment is likely included in the electrical contractor industry, which is included with Energy Efficiency and Green Building employment figures. According to the Solar Jobs Census, there were 586 solar jobs in Cuyahoga County in 2017 (data are unavailable from this source for the City of Cleveland). According to the 2018 Clean Jobs Midwest Report, in Cuyahoga County, total Clean Energy jobs totaled 13,806, Renewable Energy jobs 1,321 and Energy Efficiency Jobs 10,967.
Climate Resilience As climate change brings more frequent and more intense heat waves, widespread brownouts become more likely due to increased use of air conditioning. These brownouts can be combated by investing in local solar generation with storage capacity. Batteries store the energy produced by renewable energy and, in the event of a brownout, can be used to power facilities. For example, installation of this technology at elder care facilities could prevent serious consequences on the health of residents by preventing power interruptions.
Business Leadership Local businesses can help advance clean energy by purchasing clean energy or installing renewable energy generation at their own facilities. Onsite generation with storage can help ensure the businessâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; power and operations will not be interrupted in the case of a power brownout or power outage.
33
Objective 5: Generate more solar energy locally Summary
Progress since 2013
Solar energy can reduce building energy costs, improve property values, and help utilities better manage times when energy demand is highest. Approximately 71% of buildings in Cleveland are solar-viable (Google, 2018). Cleveland and Northeast Ohio have a great opportunity to build off recent successes to significantly expand solar in our community—now is the time to take advantage.
The City completed a “Solar Roadmap” assessment to identify goals around permitting, planning and zoning, financing, and market development to transform Cleveland into a successful solar community (Solar Roadmap, 2018). This led to the City being designated a “SolSmart Bronze” community in 2017 for advancing solar energy growth.
Actions
Three large solar installations on brownfields/landfills took place, with more opportunities assessed.
a
b
Gain recognition as a SolSmart Silver or Gold level city Partner on a countywide solar strategy to expand solar, especially to low and moderate income households
54 cpeopleIdentify are and install community solar employed in the projects on vacant and/ manufacturing of or contaminated land pecialty transformers vital to the expansion o clean energy. These jobs have an average annual wage of
$84,500. 34
Cleveland released a Solar Energy Guide in 2017, making it easier to go solar. Cuyahoga County completed two rounds of a solar co-op, resulting in about 20% savings on solar installation for nearly 100 homes.
Renewable Energy Growth in Cuyahoga County Cumulative Megawatts of Renewable Energy
OBJECTIVE 3: SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY
8.31 MW 9 .24 MW
‘10
178
14.42 15.02 MW 12.77 MW 104 11.05 MW 9.57 MW MW 121
89
138
165
40 1.42 MW
‘11
‘12
‘13
‘14
‘15
‘16
‘17
Cumulative Megawatts (MW) #
Number of Facilities
Source: Public Utilities Commission of Ohio (PUCO): Approved cases of Renewable Energy Installations
Objective 6: Improve access to affordable clean energy for residents and small organizations Summary
Progress since 2013 City of Cleveland Incorporated renewable energy into 2013, 2015, and 2018 electric aggregations for CEI (First Energy) customers. The result is 100% clean energy (through the purchase of Renewable Energy Certificates) for over 50,000 residents and 5,000 small businesses.
Generating clean energy on-site is not always feasible for businesses or households for a variety of reasons. This objective uses innovative approaches to make clean energy available to more people and organizations.
OBJECTIVE 3: SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY
Cleveland joined the Department of Energyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Clean Energy for Low Income Communities Accelerator (CELICA).
Actions a
Continue to incorporate renewable energy projects into community choice aggregations
b
Create community-wide Clean Energy Equity plan to support low-income residents and small organizations to purchase renewable energy
35
Objective 7: Reduce commercial & industrial emissions with advanced technologies
To meet our air quality and GHG reduction goals, we must continue to reduce industrial process emissions per unit produced. These emissions make up 34% of the City’s overall emissions. While total process emissions have Growth ty increased since178 2010, they have 165 not risen at the same pace as the 138 15.02 pointing to in production, 121 increase14.42 MW 12.77 MW improved efficiency. 11.05 MW MW Clean energy is about much more than electricity. It also includes generating gas, steam and chilled water with lower carbon sources, as well as cogeneration.
OBJECTIVE 3: SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY
Progress since 2013
‘14
Cleveland ‘15 ‘16 Thermal ‘17 switched
from coal-fired boilers to highwatts (MW)efficiency natural gas units in 2016, which reduced the facility’s s emissions by 18% compared to 2010. The Medical Center mmission of Company Ohio (PUCO): also transitioned away able Energy Installations from coal to natural gas. Select manufacturers (Alcoa, ArcelorMittal, Great Lakes Brewery, Mitchell’s Ice Cream, Talan, etc.) have made progress. Grind2Energy expanded in Cleveland to serve bio digesters (e.g. Quasar’s Collinwood BioEnergy).
36
Actions a
Identify opportunities for facilities to repurpose waste to energy without burdening residents
b
Pursue more cogeneration (or combined heat and power)
Industrial Process Emissions GHG Emissions (MT of CO2e) in Millions
Summary
5 4 3.66
3.60
3.94
3.96
4.37
4.12
4.09
3 2 1 0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
ArcelorMittal USA is the first integrated steel company to sign on to the U.S. Department of Energy’s Better Plants program, committing to reduce energy use per ton of steel produced by 10% in 10 years, starting in 2013. Contributing toward this goal, ArcelorMittal’s Cleveland facility reduced its energy intensity by more than 2% in the first three years of the program, while total steel production has increased. In 2018, the Cleveland plant, which employs about 1900 people, was the first integrated steel mill in the country to earn DOE’s ‘50001 Ready’ designation for energy management.
Objective 8: Establish an offshore wind industry in Northeast Ohio Summary
Progress since 2013
Offshore wind represents a large, nearly untapped resource for clean energy. The Lake Erie Energy Development Corporation (LEEDCo) has made significant progress in recent years to make Cleveland home to the first freshwater project in North America. The Icebreaker Wind project, a 20.7-megawatt (MW) demonstration wind farm, will connect with the Cleveland Public Power Transmission system and is expected to create over 500 jobs, bringing $168 million into the local economy. This objective is focused on bringing this project to finish line and setting the stage for a new industry in Northeast Ohio.
The Icebreaker Wind project has made progress in the siting and permitting process from both the state and federal levels (LEEDCo, 2018). In May 2016, Icebreaker Wind won a $40 million grant from U.S. DOE for construction.
OBJECTIVE 3: SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY
Over 350 local companies registered for a Supply Chain Open House held in December 2016.
Actions a b
Complete Icebreaker Wind Pilot Project Develop strategy to establish an offshore wind industry in NEO
37
Objective 9: Use advanced technology to build a cleaner, safer, smarter city Summary Through collaborations with public, private, and industry leaders, Cleveland is making progress in becoming a smart city; that is, using technology to improve quality of life and safety. Energy plays a big role in this transformation, but only if the entire community speaks with one voice around smart cities, and all Clevelanders benefit from new technologies.
OBJECTIVE 3: SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY
Clean energy initiatives reduced the cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s emissions by about
664,000
MTCO2e, which is about
30%
of the total impact expected from these objectives by 2030
38
Progress since 2013 City of Cleveland completed LED Streetlight pilot. Cleveland Water completed Automated Meter Readings rollout. These meters have helped over 10,000 customers fix leaks, which also reduces energy use associated with pumping water. Electric utilities completed smart meter pilots.
Actions a
Complete Cleveland microgrid feasibility study and begin implementation
b
Expand the use of smart grid technologies, including smart meters
c
Complete LED Streetlight project and expand on smart technology capabilities
Objective 10: Support clean energy policy Summary State and Federal policies focused on clean energy are critical to facilitating renewable energy development. Local government and large institutions can do a lot to spur clean energy, but good state policy is especially important to support Cleveland’s leadership in clean energy. For example, a state law on setback requirements has basically halted wind energy ExtremelyWell: Well:26% 26% Extremely development in Ohio.
OBJECTIVE 3: SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY
VeryWell: Well:47% 47% Very
SomewhatWell: Well:19% 19% Somewhat
Progress since 2013
N/A(Already (AlreadyHad Hadanan N/A Understanding): 7% The Ohio Renewable Understanding): 7%
Portfolio which requires investor-owned utilities (IOUs) NotAtAt AllWell: Well:0% 0% Not All to support clean energy, was “frozen” in 2015-16. The Standards were weakened, but reinstated, in 2017. This also resulted in IOU’s once again offering energy Yes:61% 61% Yes: efficiency incentives to Maybe:36% 36% Maybe: residents and businesses. NotSo So Well:1% 1% Standards, Not Well:
No:3% 3% No:
In 2017, Cleveland Public Power provided 22.5% renewable energy and First Energy provided 4.5% renewable energy.
Actions a
Help strengthen statewide standards to ensure support for energy efficiency and renewable energy
b
Meet Cleveland Public Power renewable energy targets, using local renewable energy generation where feasible
c
Explore county-wide incentives for clean energy development CleanEnergy EnergyTechnology TechnologySectors, Sectors,2016 2016 Clean EnergyEfficiency: Efficiency:77.4%, 77.4%,81,606 81,606jobs jobs Energy AdvancedTechnologies: Technologies:12.2%, 12.2%,12,856 12,856jobs jobs Advanced RenewableEnergy: Energy:9.9%, 9.9%,10,401 10,401jobs jobs Renewable CleanFuels: Fuels:0.4%, 0.4%,441 441jobs jobs Clean AdvancedGrid: Grid:0.1%, 0.1%,139 139jobs jobs Advanced
CleanEnergy EnergyJobs JobsValue ValueChain, Chain,2016 2016 Clean Construction: 46.6% : 46.6% Construction Manufacturing:28.6% 28.6% Manufacturing: Trade:9.0% 9.0% Trade: ProfessionalServices: Services:8.8% 8.8% Professional OtherServices: Services:3.7% 3.7% Other Utilities:3.4% 3.4% Utilities:
ABOVE: Manufacturing makes up 30% of clean energy CityofofCleveland Cleveland City needtoto edit withthe second need edit with Environmentally value chain in Ohio, largest in the Midwest Environmentally correct percentages correct percentages Courtesy Clean Jobs Midwest 2017, www.cleanjobsmidwest.com
Sound Sound
Sus Susta
Empowered(highest (highestlevel): level):27% 27% Empowered
SS E Eq
Collaborated(moderate (moderatelevel): level):25% 25% Collaborated Involved(medium (mediumlevel): level):28% 28% Involved Consulted(low (lowlevel): level):9% 9% Consulted Informed(lowest (lowestlevel): level):11% 11% Informed
39 WorkshopParticipants Participants Workshop
178 Com Co 178
SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION
(none)
(none)
Commuting Mode 2 0
‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘
Pedestrian
Cyclist Fat
Commutin 12 10.6
$79,000.
4
Public Transit
between 2010 and 2016
people were employed in the operation and management of the mixed-mode transit system with an average wage of
Cyclist Fatalities
69.5
16%
1,376 $79,000.
10 Carpooled 69.710
Total estimated emissions from transportation increased
1,376
69.7 69.5
between 2010 and 2016
10
Since 2013, emissions reductions in other Focus 8 in Areas have been partially offset by an increase transportation emissions, even though vehicles Pedestrian 6 themselves have become more efficient. The simple Bicyclist Fa 4 drivingin Clevelan explanation is that Clevelanders who drive are 12 more.people Relatively lowemployed gas prices, limited state support were 2 for public transit, regional land use planning, subsidized in the operation and parking,management and recovering 0 all 10 offrom the the recession are factors.mixed-mode Addressing these challenges will not only ‘13 reduce ‘14 transit 8 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17 emissions,system but also clean our air and provide more with an Fatalitie affordable mobility options to all Clevelanders. Pedestrian 6 average wage of
Drove
16%
12
% of Workers Age 16Alone and Older
Total estimated emissions from transportation increased
Summary
% of Workers Age 16 and Older
SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION
Pedestrian and Bicyclist Fatalities in Cleveland
2005–2009 Es 10
arpooled
Drove Alone
40
2012–2016 Es
Objectives
Key Facts
• On-road transportation contributes 15% of the total Drive Cleaner, GHG emissions for the City, and emissions from 11 RTA Ridership passenger carsand and trucks make up about 80% of all More Efficient n and Pedestrian 60 emissions. atalities on-road Bicyclist Injuries Vehicles
nd
in Cleveland
Ridership in Millions
• 69% 300Commuters driving alone decreased by 1% from 50 in 2010 to 68% in 2016 (US Census Bureau, 2018). 250 40 • Clevelanders travel an average of 26 miles per day, 200which is up from 17 miles per day in 2010. 30 150 Goals 20 100Reduce vehicle miles traveled and the share of • vehicles on the road whose only occupant is the driver 10 50from 70% to 65% by 2020, 55% by 2030
0 • 0Make progress in meeting Vision Zero goal to ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17 eliminate all traffic fatalities and severe injuries, while increasing safe, healthy, and equitable mobility for all n Fatalities Pedestrian Injuries Ohio achieves air quality attainment by talities • Northeast Cyclist Injuries 2021
‘16 ‘17
Increase Use of 13 Public Transit Through Regional Collaboration
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Make Cleveland a
Work Access 14 Premier Paratransit Cycling Vanpool City Heavy BRT Rail
Continue to 15 Green Cleveland’s Increasing Bicycle Infrastructure in Cleveland Ports
Light Rail Loca Bus
Miles Installed / Year
2.5 2.8
at Home
Taxicab, otorcycle, 0.8 1.1 Other
Bicycle 0.5 0.7
4.5 5.3
Walked
12 10.6
20
Public Transit
10
ng Modes of Transportation
Build 12 Transportation Systems that Prioritize Safety for All
16 12 8 4 0
41
‘09 ‘10 ‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17
Cross-Cutting Priorities Social & Racial Equity Access to reliable transit systems is important for the health and wellbeing of Cleveland’s residents, especially Pedestrian and individuals. Pedestrian for low income and elderly In 2016,and about Bicyclist Fatalities Bicyclist Injuries 25% of Cleveland households did not have a personal in Cleveland in Cleveland vehicle12 available (US Census, 300 2018). For many people, walking, cycling, and public transportation are often the 10 250 only options available to access goods, health care, and employment. 150
4 to watch include products 100 Industries and services related to the efficient movement of people and goods: 2 50
• Mixed 0 mode transit systems 0
‘13 ‘14 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17 • Commuter rail‘15 and‘16 bus‘17 transit systems Pedestrian Fatalities Pedestrian Injuries • Transportation program administration Cyclist Fatalities
Cyclist Injuries
• Automotive repair
In 2017, total employment in Cleveland in these Commuting Modes of Transportation industries was 2,603 and average annual wages were $67,229. % of Workers Age 16 and Older
$79,000.
6
Good Jobs, Green Jobs (none)
people were employed in the operation and management of the mixed-mode transit system with an average wage of
200
69.7 69.5
1,376
8
2.5 2.8
ork at Home
Taxicab, Motorcycle, 0.8 1.1 Other
Bicycle 0.5 0.7
4.5 5.3
Walked
12 10.6
Public Transit
Carpooled
Drove Alone
42
10 10
Just as important is the critical role sustainable transportation plays in getting people to work. According to the Cleveland Federal Reserve, while access to transit in Northeast Ohio is better than the national average, less than one-third of the region’s jobs can be accessed by transit in 90 minutes or less.
Climate Resilience While the long-term impact of climate change on Lake Erie’s water levels is unclear, trends point to greater fluctuation of water levels in the shallowest of the Great Lakes, impacting shipping. Over the last half-century we’ve also witnessed, on average, 20 more freezefree days per year on Lake Erie, which also impacts commercial navigation. Even minor impacts on the harbor’s operation could impact Cleveland’s economy, which supports 20,273 harbor-related jobs directly or indirectly according to a 2015 report (Martin Associates, 2016). Finally, more freeze-thaw events reduces the life of infrastructure, including roads. Business Leadership By providing transit-based benefits such as RTA’s commuter advantage program to their employees, business can support employee retention while reducing needs for parking. NOACA’s Commuter Choice Challenge highlights the full range of activities organizations can take to support sustainable transportation.
43
Objective 11: Drive cleaner, more efficient vehicles Summary By making cleaner vehicles more accessible, the GHG emissions and air pollution can be reduced without requiring significant behavior changes. A cleaner vehicle can also be cheaper to own and operate. Switching from a traditional gasoline vehicle to an electric vehicle could save the average Cleveland resident $755 per year (Union of Concerned Scientists, 2017).
Progress since 2013 Increase in electric vehicle charging stations and alternative fuel vehicle events RTA adds 60+ compressed natural gas (CNG) buses City of Cleveland, CMHA, and UCI completed an assessment of their fleets for alternative fuel vehicles In 2018, the Public Utilities Commission of Ohio approved a $10 million plan to install 375 charging stations across Ohio
Actions a b c d
44
Develop citywide and regional strategy to expand electric vehicle fleets and charging infrastructure Examine potential for clean vehicle car sharing, and how best to provide community support Develop plan for compressed natural gas (CNG) and propane fueling infrastructure Implement approaches for promoting and enforcing anti-idling
Objective 12: Build transportation systems that prioritize safety for all Progress since 2013
Public safety is a top priority in Cleveland, with transportation serving a big role. From 20112015 in Cuyahoga County there were 120,032 crashes, with the largest percentage of crashes being in the City: 44% of total crashes and 38% of fatal and serious injury crashes were in Cleveland during that time period. Initiatives already underway will improve safety for all, increase physical activity, and help stimulate the local economy by reducing transportation costs for residents and making local businesses more accessible.
Safe Routes to School launched, implementation well underway Cleveland City Council passes resolution on Vision Zero initiative RTA pilot of pedestrian safety detection system on buses Sustainable Cleveland celebrates Year of Sustainable Transportation in 2016 City of Cleveland releases Complete and Green Streets report, highlighting progress in implementing the ordinance that went into effect in 2012 Since 2011, Cleveland-Elyria region has been one of the top 20% safest regions for pedestrians
Actions a
Launch and implement City Vision Zero initiative
b
Continue to implement Safe Routes to School
c
Conduct walk audits to ensure streets are free from any hazards and ADA accessible employed
1,376
people were in the operation and complete d Implement and green streets policy management of the throughout the city mixed-mode transit system with an average wage of
$79,000.
12
Pedestrian and Bicyclist Fatalities in Cleveland
300
10
250
8
200
6
150
4
100
2
50
0
(none)
Summary
‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17
0
Pedestrian and Bicyclist Injuries in Cleveland
‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17
Pedestrian Fatalities
Pedestrian Injuries
Cyclist Fatalities
Cyclist Injuries
45
6% Summary
1,376
Objective 13: Increase use of public transit through people were employed regional collaboration in the operation and
250
8
200
6
150
4
100
2
50
(none)
stimated ons from ion increased
10
Pedestrian and Pedestrian and 0 0 management of Bicyclist the Fatalities Bicyclist Injuries ‘13 ‘14 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘1 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17 mixed-modeActions transit in Cleveland in Cleveland en 2010 12an 300 system with 2016 Despite recent decreases in Pedestrian Fatalities Advocate for more public transit funding, especially at Pedestrian I a average wage ofthe state level ridership, public transit has 10
Cyclist Fatalities 250
$79,000. b8
69.7 69.5
% of Workers Age 16 and Older
(none)
Pedestrian Fatalities
12 10.6
Invest in infrastructure0that supports bus operations ‘13 ‘14 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 bus ‘16 ‘17 ‘16stop ‘17 and ‘15 more comfortable and welcoming environments
Bicycle 0.5 0.7
Walked
Public Transit
Carpooled
Commuting Modes of Transportation
2005–2009 Estimates
2005–2009 Estimates 2012–2016 Estimates
2.5 2.8
Taxicab, Motorcycle, 0.8 1.1 Other
0.5 0.7
Bicycle
Walked
4.5 5.3
2012–2016 Estimates
Taxicab, Motorcycle, 0.8 1.1 Other
4.5 5.3
10 10
Pedestrian Injuries
Increase public transit options for older adults that Cyclist Fatalities Cyclist are easily accessible, affordable, andInjuries safe
Drove Alone
f
100
Work at Home
46
e0
12 10.6
RTA completion of the CSU bus rapid transit line
Prioritize Transit Oriented Development through 50 investment and regulation
Public Transit
RTA recognized for its sustainability achievements and bus safety by American Public Transportation Association
d2
10 10
Tri-C and other organizations have increased ridership through additional incentives
safety, fuel efficiency and user experience
Carpooled
$79,000.
856 companies in 20175.
4
69.7 69.5
in the operation and management of the Progress since 2013 mixed-mode transit RTA’s Commuter Choice system with an Advantage expanded from 696wage companies average of in 2013 to
6 Increasingly apply technology 150 to improve public transit
c
Drove Alone
1,376
Cyclist Injur
Establish employer partnerships to support sustainable 200 commuting options Commuting Modes of Transportati
% of Workers Age 16 and Older
never been more important in Northeast Ohio. Investing in the Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority (RTA) improves individual mobility, provides access to jobs and services, emissions, helps clean peopledecreases were employed our air, and much more.
Summary Since 2013, Cleveland has made big strides in becoming more bike friendly, especially in terms of infrastructure. Becoming a premier cycling city will require greater progress in safety (through protected bike infrastructure and education), equity, and business leadership.
3 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17 Progress since 2013 Pedestrian Installed Injuries more than 70 miles
of bike infrastructure (see Cyclist Injuries graph) in the City of Cleveland
s
a
b
30 20
Expand bike share and incorporate dockless and e-bikes, while improving access to everyone Update City Bikeway Master Plan, with emphasis on equity, safety, and connectivity
Continue to install and maintain at least 10 miles of bike c 10
infrastructure per year, including transformative projects that prioritize safety
d e f
0
Partner to support Safe2013 Biking2014 Classes for more 2010 2011 2012 2015 2016 residents
Light Apply for Silver Level Bike Friendly Community Work Access Paratransit Rail Status Vanpool Heavy Local BRT Businesses certified Increase number of Bicycle Friendly Rail Bus and recognized
Increasing Bicycle Infrastructure in Cleveland 20 Miles Installed / Year
2.5 2.8
Work at Home
50
Actions 40
Cleveland a top 20 cycling city according to People for Bikes
Taxicab, Motorcycle, 0.8 1.1 Other
Bicycle 0.5 0.7
Launched UHBikes bike share ransportation system in 2016, with 29 stations and 250 bikes.
s
RTA Ridership
Objective 14: Make 60 Cleveland a premier cycling city Ridership in Millions
edestrian and cyclist Injuries Cleveland
16 12 8 4 0
‘09 ‘10 ‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17 Bike Lanes
Trails
Sharrows
Prior to 2009, there were 39.6 mi. of existing bike infrastructure
47
Objective 15: Continue to green Cleveland’s ports Summary Cleveland’s airport and marine port act as a central hub supporting the City’s manufacturing and tourism economies. Supporting sustainability leadership at these facilities showcases the region’s commitment to climate action as people and goods enter and leave the City. In general, shipping by boat also results in less emissions than by truck.
48
Progress since 2013 Cleveland-Cuyahoga County Port Authority, a Green Marine member since 2007, improved its Green Marine Scorecard in 2016 through improvements in greenhouse gases, spill prevention, community impacts, and environmental leadership. Cleveland Hopkins Airport has led by example by installing solar, two green roofs, LED lighting, Smart Parking strategies, water quality initiatives, and more.
Actions a
Improve Cleveland-Cuyahoga County Port Authority Green Marine certification
b
Continue to green Cleveland’s airports
49
CLEAN WATER AND VIBRANT GREEN SPACE
609
people were employed in landscaping services in Cleveland in 2015 with an average wage of
Summary Without clean water, there is no sustainability. And vibrant green space is critical for thriving and healthy neighborhoods. Providing access to quality green space improves neighborhood walkability, provides natural gathering spaces, improves property values, supports peace of mind, and so much more. At the same time, green spaces reduce water pollution by decreasing water runoff during storms that often result in sewer overflows. Cleveland has made great strides in these areas, but much work remains.
$36,700. Cleveland’s 609 commitment to green
people were employed infrastructure and its in landscaping services urban forest will require in Cleveland in 2015 skilled landscapers and with anarborists. average wage of
Improved Water Quality of the Cuyahoga River 1989–2017
$36,700.
50
Cuyahoga River Modified Index of Well-Being Scores
Cleveland’s Heat Island: describes commitment the phenomenatobygreen which urban areas are infrastructure and its hotter forest than nearby urban will require rural areaslandscapers due to skilled heat absorption and and arborists. retention of asphalt and concrete
11
Key Facts
10 9
8 • Cleveland Metroparks awarded largest state grant ever received to7further conservation initiatives. 6 of wastewater overflow has decreased from 5 • The amount 5 in 2011 to 4.1 billion gallons in 2015. billion gallons 4
• The 2013 Tree Canopy Assessment found that Cleveland’s tree canopy3 cover has decreased by about half over the 2 last half-century, to about 19%. ‘89 ‘91 ‘93 ‘95 ‘97 ‘99 ‘01 ‘03 ‘05 ‘07 ‘09 ‘11 ‘13 ‘15 ‘17
RM 16.20
RM 10.75
Objectives
Goals • 100% of residents live within a 10-minute walk of a safe and clean park
16
Stormwater System Overflow Days
• Delist Cuyahoga River as an Area of Concern by 2025
35
• Install stormwater control measures on all development 29 projects 28 30 27
27
26
#of Days per Year
• 30% Tree Canopy 24by 2040 and 50,000 trees planted 25 by 2020
20
21
17
16
15
5 0
Reduce dumping through vacant land reuse and education
Implement the 18 Cleveland Tree Plan to grow and maintain a healthy urban forest
13
10
Update land use policy to foster health, equity and sustainability
‘09 ‘10 ‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17
6
34
51
troit
bus
nati
Improve water 58 21 quality and 48 conservation44
and
‘15 ‘16 ‘17
78
76
ago
‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14
stormwater management
falo
‘10
Parkscores (1–100)
164 117
86 68
‘09
Scale up 2018 20 Parkscores by City
489 314
447
230
296 236
282 230
141 167
# of Lots
268 254
405
Vacant Lot Reuse
502
Improve access 19 to clean and safe parks
Cross-Cutting Priorities Social & Racial Equity Green space and tree canopy can help provide relief from the urban heat island effect by shading asphalt during extreme heat events. Mortality in populations over 75 increased during these heat events, with the black elderly population suffering the worst (Cleveland Neighborhood Progress, 2015). Along with making trees more equitably distributed, there is an effort underway in Northeast Ohio to improve water equity.
52
Good Jobs, Green Jobs Industries to watch focus on products and services that improve water quality and conserve natural resources, including: • Nursery and tree production • Landscaping and landscape architectural services (including green infrastructure maintenance) • Water supply and irrigation systems • Sewage treatment facilities • Water and sewer system construction • Administration of conservation programs. In 2017, total employment in Cleveland in these industries was 3,754 and average annual wages were $53,792.
Climate Resilience Heavy rain events can overload the City’s wastewater system, leading to combined sewer overflows, which has significant negative impacts on water quality. Climate change has increased the frequency of heavy rain events in Cleveland by 22% when compared to the historical average. As the climate continues to warm, these events are expected to increase in frequency and severity – highlighting the need for gray and green infrastructure (Objective 18) to manage the water runoff.
Business Leadership As Cleveland businesses expand existing facilities or invest in new buildings, incorporating green infrastructure into those projects will not only retain stormwater, but also provide green space for employees, reduce urban heat island, and likely result in credits on their stormwater bill.
53
Objective 16: Update land use policy to foster health, equity and sustainability Summary
Progress since 2013 In 2016, the City of Cleveland created the Urban Form Overlay District, designed to improve walkability of designated zones and encourage dense mixed-use neighborhoods.
Sustainable development uses land efficiently and provides a range of living choices, employment opportunities, and access to services using transit and active transportation modes. The City can use a combination of incentives and revisions in land use and zoning codes to encourage and promote higher density and more diverse development. More efficient land use could also increase green space, both improving quality of life and neighborhood resiliency.
The City of Cleveland passed a riparian and wetland setback ordinance in 2016 to protect areas along the banks of streams and rivers. Select community development corporations (CDCs) have begun incorporating sustainability and climate action into their Strategic Investment Initiative (SII) planning. MetroHealth and Slavic Village have adopted the EcoDistrict model for planning purposes. MetroHealth Community District is one of 15 currently registered EcoDistricts.
OBJECTIVE 5: RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION & PRODUCTION
Actions a
Develop a plan for vacant land reuse to identify potential future uses
b
Innovate and expand city zoning practices that shape the built form to balance the social, economic and environmental needs of our community
c
Establish best practices for integrating sustainability and climate into neighborhood planning
d
OBJECTIVE 6: CROSS-CUTTING 54 PRIORITIES
Create a â&#x20AC;&#x153;Green Infrastructure Guideâ&#x20AC;? and incorporate into Planning Review
#of Days per Year
30
27
28
26
29 27
24
25
Objective 17: Reduce 20 dumping through vacant land reuse and education 15
Completed pilot tree planting on vacant land in 2018
5
Analysis of Reimagining Cleveland projects
0 Cleveland Metropolitan Housing Authority and Medical Center Company scale‘14 solar‘15 arrays‘16 on ‘11 ‘12large‘13 ‘09 ‘10completed brownfields, in partnership with Cleveland Public Power
489 314
502
117
141 167
164
230
296 236
282 230
268 254
405
447
Vacant Lot Reuse
# of Lots
Create a city database and map of prior land uses or central inventory of land contaminants
‘17
Maintained some of the largest urban farms and greenhouses in the country
OBJECTIVE 5: RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION & Actions Increase tree plantings aPRODUCTION b
13
Progress 10 since 2013
During the 12 neighborhood workshops, one consistent theme was the opportunity to re-activate vacant land, while also addressing illegal dumping that occurs in many neighborhoods. Among the city’s 27,000 vacant parcels, er Quality the thereof are plenty of opportunities to support er 1989–2017 tree planting, local food production, solar, stormwater management, and commercial development.
and parks on vacant land
16
86 68
Summary
21
Develop a demolition 99 ‘01 ‘03 ‘05 ‘09 ‘11 ‘13 ‘15 ‘17 c ‘07
standard and create a database of future land uses RM 10.75
RM 7.00
sured in "river miles" along the ts mouth on Lake Erie, indicated ph
OBJECTIVE 6: CROSS-CUTTING PRIORITIES
‘09
‘10 Sold
‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14
‘15 ‘16 ‘17
Leased/Licensed
55
LAND, WATER & AIR
Objective 18: Implement the Cleveland Tree Plan to grow and maintain a healthy urban forest Summary
Progress since 2013
Trees are a critical piece of our community: they make us healthier and safer, add economic value to our homes and businesses, help us meet environmental challenges, and give us a stronger connection to nature that improves mental health.
The Cleveland Tree Plan was finalized in 2015, and adopted by Cleveland Planning Commission in 2016. The plan evaluates the state of the urban forest, calculates the benefits of Cleveland’s trees, and identifies nine major actions required to revitalize Cleveland’s urban forest.
The Cleveland Tree Plan is built on the need rebuild the urban forest, together. It has three overarching goals: (1) recognize trees as critical community infrastructure, (2) reverse the trend of tree canopy loss, and (3) foster capacity for full stewardship for the tree infrastructure.
In 2017, the Coalition set a goal of 30% canopy by 2040 and 50,000 trees planted and maintained by 2020 in the City of Cleveland.
OBJECTIVE 5: RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION & PRODUCTION
The Cleveland Tree Coalition, made up of 40+ organizations, formed to implement the plan.
Arbor Day has become a bigger event with their Healthcare Tree Recognition Program, multiple Tree Steward training rounds have been completed, and Coalition partners have received a number of tree grants.
Actions a
Develop a governance structure for the Cleveland Tree Coalition, including a way to fund trees
b
Explore the integration of trees into the Stormwater Credit Program to increase trees and manage stormwater
c
OBJECTIVE 6: CROSS-CUTTING 56 PRIORITIES
Develop and update City policies to keep trees healthy
d
Develop neighborhood tree goals and increase opportunities for residents to learn about and take care of trees
e
Update county-wide urban tree canopy assessment and the City’s detailed tree inventory
Objective 19: Improve access to clean and safe ater System Overflow Days public parks Neighborhood parks 27 provide multiple benefits including increasing resident health by providing a safe and welcoming place to be 21active, increasing 16 property values of homes and/or businesses in the neighborhood, and improved air quality. 13
City of Cleveland completed a City Parks Assessment to help inform how dollars can best be invested. The Cleveland Metroparks Master Plan has been working to increase the number of parks and green spaces around Cleveland. Successes include the grand opening of the West Creek Watershed Stewardship Center and West Creek Reservation (Cleveland Metroparks, 2015).
2018 Parkscores by City 78 64
58
69
34
St. Louis
Columbus
Cincinnati
Cleveland
Chicago
44
Detroit
48
Pittsburgh
76
Buffalo
OBJECTIVE 6: CROSS-CUTTING PRIORITIES
Parkscores (1–100)
Build private/public partnerships that add, improve and connect more trails to parks, including recommendations ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17 from the Cuyahoga Greenways Leased/Licensed2018 Plan
b
Cleveland’s Metroparks has created Cleveland Metroparks 2020: The Emerald Necklace Centennial Plan, which has five strategic goals – protection, relevancy, connections, come out and play, and organizational sustainability. Additionally, Cleveland Metroparks won the prestigious 2016 National Gold Medal Award for excellence in Park and Recreation Management.
489
117
164
230
296 236
282
Implement recommendations from the City’s Parks Assessment that consider quality (clean and safe) and quantity of parks 314
405
Actions a
230
According to the Trust for Public Land’s 2018 Parkscore, Cleveland now ranks 37th out of 100 cities in terms of park acreage, investment, amenities, and access. Cleveland was ranked 45th in 2017.
OBJECTIVE 5: RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION & ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17 PRODUCTION
‘11 ‘12
use
Progress since 2013
502
24
Summary 29
447
28
57
Objective 20: Scale up stormwater management Summary
Progress since 2013
Due to the way Cleveland’s sewer system is built, rainwater runoff mixes with sanitary sewage. This means that during heavy storms, the water runoff can overwhelm water treatment plants and some of the flow (a mixture of stormwater and sewage) is forced through overflows directly into Cleveland’s waterways.
OBJECTIVE 5: Natural areas allow stormwater RESPONSIBLE to be stored and infiltrate or evaporate—reducing the strain & CONSUMPTION on the sewer system. This green PRODUCTION infrastructure, like retention ponds and rain gardens, serves to complement gray infrastructure by allowing the rainwater to soak into the ground instead of running off into the sewer system. Green infrastructure offers a range of other benefits to communities, including additional urban green space and improved air quality. 35
#of Days per Year
30 25 20
Stormwater System Overflow Days
27
26
28
5
More than 4,000 rain barrels have been provided to residents through the Mayor’s Summer Youth Employment Program. NEORSD’s Regional Stormwater Management Program implementation started in 2016
Actions a
Leverage resources to support neighborhood green infrastructure grants and ongoing maintenance
b
Enhance the rain barrel program, focusing on outreach, effective installation and maintenance
c
Strategically use local NEORSD’s funding programs to improve stormwater management
d
Expand green roof installations through outreach and incentives, including the Stormwater Credit Fee
e
Finish and begin to implement Stormwater Master Plans for Cuyahoga County
f
29 27
24 21
16
15 10
The Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District (NEORSD)’s Green infrastructure grants program has invested $4.5 million in 65 projects that are expected to manage 16.3 million gallons of stormwater each year (Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District, 2017).
13
OBJECTIVE 6: 0 ‘09 ‘10 ‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘17 CROSS-CUTTING 58 PRIORITIES
Complete green infrastructure workforce demand study
Water efficiency and conservation includes a variety of solutions to reduce overall water use in the City such as efficiency upgrades to sinks, toilets, showers, and equipment and improved irrigation controls. Conserving water and using it more efficiently reduces distribution and treatment costs (pumping energy, Stormwater System Overflow Days chemicals, etc.) and related greenhouse gas emissions. 35 30
28
29
#of Days per Year
Progress since 2013 24 27
26
CONSUMPTION & PRODUCTION
0
Cleveland metering ‘09 ‘10 Water ‘11 ‘12 Department’s ‘13 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 advanced ‘17 technology has resulted in over 20,000 fixed leaks.
Improved Water Quality of the Cuyahoga River 1989–2017
Water Equity: ensuring that all people have access to safe, reliable, and affordable water and OBJECTIVE 6: wastewater systems
CROSS-CUTTING PRIORITIES
489
502
164
Sold progress Leased/Licensed Make in restoring the Cuyahoga River by removing Beneficial Use Impairments
b
Develop and implement recommendations of the “Water Equity Taskforce”
c
Finalize analysis of leaks in drinking water distribution system, implement findings
d
Promote water conservation in public and private buildings
e
Establish Cleveland as a hub of water innovation and business development
59
34
Pittsburgh
282
296
230
‘15 ‘16 ‘17
64
Detroit
a
‘11 ‘12 ‘13 ‘14
Columbus
Distances are measured in "river miles" along the river's length from its mouth on Lake Erie, indicated by “RM” on the graph
Actions ‘09 ‘10
Cincinnati
RM 10.75 RM 7.00
Cleveland
RM 16.20 RM 10.10
Chicago
‘89 ‘91 ‘93 ‘95 ‘97 ‘99 ‘01 ‘03 ‘05 ‘07 ‘09 ‘11 ‘13 ‘15 ‘17
Buffalo
2
Parkscores (1–100)
3
117
4
58 Cleveland Water Alliance has supported water innovation 48 44 through competitions like Erie Hack and the Internet of H2O, along with other programming. 236
5
230
7
141 167
8
268 254
405
9
314
10
447
Using 2010 as a baseline, water efficiency projects in Cleveland 2030 District buildings have reduced the water Vacant Lot Reuse 2018 Parkscores by City use by 18% saving 97.5 million gallons of water (Cleveland 2030 District, 2017). 78 76
11
6
27
25
In 2018, two beneficial use impairments (BUIs) were 20 21 removed from the Cuyahoga River, 16 including “degradation 15 of aesthetics” and “lack of public access” from a list of 10 13 10 factors—this is the latest sign of significant improvement in the5health of the river.
# of Lots
n s ire
Summary
86 68
ed ces 5 e of
Beneficial Use Impairments: a change in the chemical, physical or biological integrity of the Great Lakes system sufficient to cause (not an exhaustive list): Restrictions on Fish and Wildlife Consumption, Degraded Fish and OBJECTIVE 5: Wildlife Populations, Fish Tumors or Other RESPONSIBLE Deformities
Cuyahoga River Modified Index of Well-Being Scores
R T
Objective 21: Improve water quality and conservation
Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) program—accept SNAP/ Produce Perks 60
with an average wage of
$58,300.
These wholesalers will be vital in encouraging the use of recycled materials, which will drive demand for materials and increase Cleveland’s waste diversion rate.
34
423 people
9
49,000 MT
recycled and the total amount of waste CO2e, which is about generated—usually 90% of as thea expected reported percent. potential of these opportunities. The In Cleveland: savings resulted from increased diversion 7an Farm Stands* rate as well increased 12 Farmers’ Markets* capacity to generate 178 Community Gardens electricity from captured landfill gas. *All—in addition to one local
Material Sa
Healthy food access is not only important to resident’s health and reducing diabetes and other diet-related diseases, but also stimulates the local economy6. Whether Recyclable you define local as 100 or 25-miles from “farm to fork”, the material merchant CAP seeks to engage the many different groups whom wholesalers employed each have the autonomy to develop their own working definitions of what is local. The goal is to be inclusive to all entities and individuals working towards a more in Cleveland inour 2017 sustainable food system in region.
33
Emissions from residential Diversion Rate: and The commercial waste ratio between the was reduced by amount of waste
This focus area is, in many ways, about access to land. Cleveland has become a national leader in local food due partially to re-use of vacant land. At the same time, landfills in suburban communities impacts waste reduction efforts in Cleveland. As organic material decomposes in a landfill it releases GHG emissions, more specifically, methane. This gas is 22-25 times more effective as a GHG than carbon dioxide. Food waste reduction strategies can help reduce these emissions while helping to provide healthy, affordable food options to all Clevelanders.
9
Organic Material: Carbon based materials originating from living organisms such as wood, paper, and food.
Summary
% of Material Diverted
MORE LOCAL FOOD, LESS WASTE
2008 2009 2
Clevelan Material Clevelan Organics
Objectives
Key Facts The diversion rate in Cleveland has increased from 27% in 2010 to 30% in 2016 for residential and commercial waste and decreased from 77% to 74% for industrial waste.
Goals • Achieve diversion rate of at least 50% by 2030 for both residential and commercial waste in Cuyahoga County (35% by 2022).
• Achieve residential diversion rate of 30% by 2030 for aved from Landfills the City of Cleveland.
42
43
41
40
Reduce the number of residents with low access to healthy food from 61% in 2015 to 40% in 2022.
nd: s Diverted
Reduce food 23 waste and hunger Enhance the local 24 food system and resident access to high quality, affordable, healthy food
15
14
13
10
37
8
11
33
Low Food Access: a person lives more than a ½ mile from the nearest store that can provide a full balanced a regular basis, 2010 2011 diet 2012on 2013 2014 2015 and their income is nd: belowCuyahoga 200% ofCounty: the ls Recycled Materials Recycled poverty level.
22 Encourage waste reduction and diversion in homes and businesses
Cuyahoga County: Organics Diverted
61
Cross-Cutting Priorities Social & Racial Equity Individuals living in places with low access to healthy food are at higher risk of death due to chronic food related illnesses such as heart disease and diabetes7. By supporting targeted healthy food programs (Objectives 23 and 24), the City can help alleviate the burden for the residents living in low food access areas while reducing food waste and GHG emissions. Good Jobs, Green Jobs Jobs in this focus area include products and services related to agriculture and local food production, as well as waste reduction, recycling, and remediation. Industries to monitor include: Food crops grown under cover Used merchandise stores Remediation services Recyclable material merchant wholesalers and materials recovery facilities Waste collection and disposal In 2017, total employment in Cleveland in these industries was 1,545 and average annual wages were $53,427.
62
Climate Resilience Longer growing seasons over the next few decades will increase yields of some crops, but benefits will be offset by extreme events. More frequent drought and floods to the Cleveland area coupled with shifts in seasonal weather patterns farmers have come to expect, will likely negatively impact local food production and make food prices more volatile. Additionally, prolonged poweroutages can mean increased food spoilage and waste, creating burdens on residents and management systems they depend on. Addressing the vulnerabilities in both systems can reduce these compounding burdens on residents and infrastructure, while ensuring access to healthy, affordable, and local food and reduced emissions from controlling food waste. Business Leadership Connecting local businesses such as restaurants and grocery stores with food banks and other distribution programs (Objective 23) allows Cleveland businesses to support communities through food donations, and help to reduce food waste and related GHG emissions. Institutions can also lead by serving local food in cafeterias, while restaurants and caterers can become Dine Green certified.
63
Objective 22: Encourage waste reduction and diversion in homes and businesses Summary A coordinated approach to waste reduction and diversion across Cleveland, starting with policies that restrict certain materials, such as plastic bags, or divert others, such as organic waste, are important tools in encouraging waste reduction both at the residential and commercial level. Furthermore, a coordinated approach provides consistent messaging and education to guide businesses and community members. For example, outreach to businesses could include guidelines for sustainable purchasing policies, supply chain engagement, zero waste events, hazardous materials diversion, and incentives for meeting waste reduction targets.
Progress since 2013 Clevelandâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s automated curbside recycling program has been rolled-out to all citizens and residential leaf collection resumed in select neighborhoods. 70+ public recycle bins installed downtown to increase public recycling options. Development of the Zero and Reduced Waste Event Guide, and associated workshops, to promote waste reduction at events.
OBJECTIVE 6: CROSS-CUTTING PRIORITIES
64
Increased availability of commercial composting options. Launched the Donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t Break the Lake and Skip the Straw campaign targeted at reducing plastic pollution.
Actions a
Develop comprehensive plan for waste reduction and management in Cleveland
b
Increase outreach and education to residents on proper recycling
c
Support recycling in multifamily residences
d
Encourage more organizations to move toward zero waste
e
Make zero and reduced waste events standard for large community events
f
Explore expansion of leaf pickup citywide
Objective 23: Reduce food waste and hunger Progress since 2013
Food waste represents a large component of global GHG emissions. One study showed that feeding urban populations accounted for 20-30% of global GHG emissions. This includes the emissions required to grow and transport food as well as the emissions from decomposing waste8. Even though the impact on the City’s carbon footprint is relatively minor, reducing food waste is essential for food access and global emissions reduction efforts.
Stone Soup Cleveland launched in 2015. Aimed at connecting those with excess food to those in need, they have rescued over 73,000 pounds of food. Hunger Network of Greater Cleveland’s app-based and volunteer-driven Food Rescue program launches in 2018 to coordinate recovery and delivery of excess food from local donors to neighborhood food pantry and hot meal sites, reducing food waste and fighting local hunger.
OBJECTIVE 6: CROSS-CUTTING PRIORITIES
Grind2Energy systems installed at several of Cleveland’s large venues, including First Energy Stadium, Progressive Field, Jack Casino, and the Huntington Convention Center, to convert food waste to energy using anaerobic digestion. Rust Belt Riders launched in 2014 and now employs 5 full-time staff in servicing over 85 Northeast Ohio businesses Saved in diverting overLandfills 100,000 pounds of food Material from waste from landfills each week.
educating the public on
the use recycled These wholesalers be vital in of encouraging donorwill liability and food materials, which will thrift bethe vital in of encouraging use recycled drive demand for the use ofwhich recycled materials, will materials and increase
42 42 42 42 15 15 15 15
43 43 43 43 14 14 14 14
41 41 41 41 13 13 13 13
40 40 40 40 10 10 10 10
37 37 37 37 88 8
11 11 11 11 33 33 33 33
99 34 34 34 34 9
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 8
423 people of sourcing, procuring, 423 people distributing and marketing with an average wage 423 people in Cleveland in 2017 cosmetically imperfect in Cleveland in 2017 with an average wage produce of $58,300. with an average wage Join campaigns for $58,300. of d These wholesalers will food standardizing of $58,300. labeling dates and be vitalwholesalers in encouraging These will
9
Recyclable Expand networks for b merchant material food rescue efforts Recyclable wholesalers employed to connect to hunger Recyclable material merchant services material merchant wholesalers employed business network c Support wholesalers employed in Cleveland in 2017
Material Saved from Landfills Material Saved from Landfills
99 33 33 33 33
Increase availability of composting options for residents and businesses
9
a
% of %Material of% % Material of of Material Material Diverted Diverted Diverted Diverted
Actions
9
Summary
2008Cleveland: 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014County: 2015 Cuyahoga Recycled Materials Recycled 2008Materials 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Cleveland: Cuyahoga County: Cleveland: CuyahogaRecycled County: Materials Recycled Materials Cleveland: Cuyahoga County: Organics Diverted Organics Diverted Cleveland:Recycled Materials Materials CuyahogaRecycled County: 65 Organics Diverted Organics Diverted Cleveland: Cuyahoga County:
Objective 24: Enhance the local food system and resident access to high quality, affordable, healthy food Summary Access to healthy, affordable food is essential for the well-being of Cleveland residents. Type 2 diabetes and other diet-related diseases have a much higher prevalance in neighborhoods without healthy food access. Grocers and farmers’ markets that provide healthy food in low-access neighborhoods can also act as economic hubs stimulating the local economy.
OBJECTIVE 6: CROSS-CUTTING PRIORITIES
Actions a
b
Understand the feasibility of a frozen food facility to aggregate and distribute local food and extend availability of local produce beyond the growing season
Two new grocery stores opened in the summer of 2018 in Cleveland’s Edgewater and Buckeye neighborhoods. Produce Perks, a County program that provides a match to dollars spent using SNAP benefits at farmers’ markets for the purchase of produce, is expanding to include five Dave’s Markets locations by summer 2018. Since 2010, this program has grown from four farmers markets to 30 farmers’ markets, farm stands, and Community Supported Agriculture services, resulting in about $400,000 invested in local agriculture. All farmers’ markets and stands in Cleveland accept Produce Perks; 98.9% of the Produce Perks distributed were redeemed. In May 2018, the Cleveland Food Hub launched to incubate small food businesses Farm Fare, a Cleveland-based business-to-business online marketplace, launched to distribute fresh, local goods from food hubs throughout Ohio.
Update policies to expand institutional purchasing of local and climate-friendly foods throughout the City
c
Expand high quality retail development and healthy food accessibility through a county-wide strategy
d
Develop and support a resident entrepreneurial network to provide fresh, healthy and local foods
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Progress since 2013
Cuyahoga County: Grocery Stores and Food Access
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CROSSCUTTING PRIORITIES
Summary Cross-cutting objectives represent priorities to be addressed throughout the CAP across all focus areas. As such, objectives and actions within this section have an impact on each of the five focus areas. During the development of the CAP update, subcommittees were formed around each of these four cross-cutting priorities.
Social & Racial Equity
Objectives
FOCUS AREAS FOCUS AREAS
25 Engage Residents to Recognized Advance Green EquityBusinesses (Updated August 2018) in Climate Action
Business Leadership
14
ENERGY EFFICIENCY SUSTAINABLE & GREEN BUILDING TRANSPORTATION Projected CO2e Reduction: EFFICIENCY SUSTAINABLE ProjectedENERGY CO2e Reduction: 1.6 million BUILDING MT GREEN TRANSPORTATION .4 million& MT CO2e Reduction: ProjectedProjected CO2e Reduction: .4 million1.6 MTmillion MT
Projected CO2e Reduction: 2.5 million MT
Support and Recognize Local Businesses ENERGY EFFICIENCY Taking Climate & GREEN BUILDING SUSTAINABLE Projected CO2e Reduction: TRANSPORTATION 11 Action 5 million MT Projected 1.6 CO2e Reduction: SUSTAINABLE
9
27
Climate Resilience
CLEANCLEAN ENERGY MORE LOCAL FOOD, WATER AND SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION Projected CO2e Reduction: LESS WASTE VIBRANT GREEN SPACE Projected CO2eLOCAL Reduction: 2.5 million MT WATER MORE CLEAN ENERGY Projected CO2eFOOD, Reduction: CLEAN AND SUSTAINABLE Projected CO2e Reduction: .4 million MTmillion TRANSPORTATION LESS WASTE Projected CO2e Reduction: <0.1 MT VIBRANT GREEN SPACE <0.1 million MT Projected CO2e Reduction: Projected CO2e Reduction: 2.5 million MT Projected CO2e Reduction: .4 million MTmillion MT <0.1 <0.1 million MT
6
EN on BUILDING MT ed CO2e Reduction: on MT
10 GRI 5 FOCUS AREAS FOCUS AREAS
# of Businesses
18
26 Advance Green Jobs through Workforce CLEAN ENERGY Y EFFICIENCY Projected CO2e Reduction: EN BUILDING Development CLEAN ENERGY Y EFFICIENCY 2.5 million MT ed CO2e Reduction:
Good Jobs, Green Jobs
4
4
B Corp
Trip Advisor Green Leader
Dine Green
BFB
CMBA Green Certified
CDP
28 Improve Resilience to Climate Change & Other Impacts
1
3
3
4
SUSTAINABLE CLEAN ENERGY CLEAN WATER AND MORE LOCAL FOOD, Projected CO2eWATER Reduction: VIBRANT GREEN SP CROSS-CUTTING CLEAN AND TRANSPORTATION 11 1 million Reduction: LESS WASTE 5 2.5 MT Projected CO2e Redu VIBRANT GREEN SPACEProjected 16CO2e 22PRIORITIES .4 million MT LOCAL Projected CO2eFOOD, Reduction: <0.1CO2e million MT AND MORE Projected Reduction: Projected CO2e Reduction: SUSTAINABLE CLEAN ENERGY CROSS-CUTTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY CLEAN WATER CLEAN WATER AND Generate Make more homes Drive cleaner, more more solar Encourage waste more Generate solarBUILDING Drive Update landMT use policy 11 <0.1 million LESS WASTE .4 MT 0.6 million MT GREEN SP <0.1 million MT TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION Projected CO2e Reduction: PRIORITIES GREEN VIBRANT VIBRANT GREEN SPACE 1 5 11 cleaner, 16 22 5 million&more affordable, vehicles and energy locally reduction efficient2.5 vehicles energy locally toCO2e fosterReduction: health,Reduction: equity efficient Projected CO2e Projected Projected CO2e Reduction: million MThealthy, Projected CO2eCO2e Reduction: Projected CO2e Reduction: Projected Reduc Projected CO2e Reduction: comfortable, Make more homes more Generate more solar Themillion size of the icons Encourage Drive cleaner, more diversion inwaste homes Generate more solarMT Update land use policy Drive cleaner, and sustainability <0.1 million MT .4 million MT .4 million 1.6 MT 0.6 MT million <0.1 million MT indica <0.1 million MT and energy efficient 6 12 affordable, efficient vehicles energy locally reduction and the Focus Area efficient vehicles andhow businesses much energy locally 6 12 to foster health, equity comfortable, healthy, 17 diversion in of homes The size the icons indica sustainability supports these priorities Build transportation Improveand access to Build transportation Improve access to 2 energy efficient and 6 12 and businesses 6 12 23 how much the Focus Area systems that prioritize affordable clean dumping energy Reduce systems that prioritize affordable clean energy 17 and small supports priorities safetytransportation for all foodthese Prioritize energy for residents Build Improve access tovacant land Build transportation through safety for Improve access Reduce waste ze energy for residents andtosmall 2all 23 efficiency in small and organizations MORE LOCAL FOOD, that prioritize Reduce dumping CLEAN ENERGY affordable clean energy systemsSUSTAINABLE that prioritize reuse and education EFFICIENCY affordable CLEAN WATERsystems AND and clean energy hunger cyENERGY in small and organizations 16 waste 1 and small 5all 13SPACE mid-size businesses LESS WASTE safety for all food TRANSPORTATION Prioritize energy through vacant Projected CO2e Reduction: for11 residents andVIBRANT small land safety for GREEN BUILDING for residents GREEN Reduce 13 ze energy e& businesses 7 Engage 11 16 22 25 MORE LOCAL FOOD, Projected CO2eresiden Reduc SUSTAINABLE Projected CO2e Reduction: CLEAN ENERGY efficiency in small and reuse and education ENERGY EFFICIENCY 2.5 million MT CLEAN WATER AND organizations 7 CO2e Reduction: Projected CO2e Reduction: and hunger cyProjected in small and 18 organizations 24use of public Make more homes Drive cleaner, more Generate more solar Update land use poli Increase Increase use of public to advance 3million LESSmillion WASTE <0.1 MT equi 13SPACE TRANSPORTATION .4 MT Projected CO2e Reduction: mid-size businesses GREEN VIBRANT 1.6 million MT <0.1 millionGREEN MT transit 13 e& businesses Reduce commerical and affordable, efficient vehicles energy locally to foster health, equi through Encourage waste Drive cleaner, more te more solarBUILDING Update land use policy Reduce commerical and Northeast Ohio Cleveland Implement the transit through Enhance the local food in climate action Engage resident 11 16 11 16 22 1 25 5 Projected CO2e Reduc 7 Projected CO2e Reduction: 2.5 million MT healthy, 7 Projected CO2e Reduction: Projected CO2e Reduction: 18 24 emissions with comfortable, and sustainability regional collaboration reduction and efficient vehicles Support locally tocommunity foster health, equity industrial industrial emissions with use ofand public Increase.4 use of public Cleveland Tree Plan MT to Increase regional collaboration system resident t 1.6 community to advance <0.1 million MT equi (excluding Cleveland) MTmore million MT <0.1 million 36million advanced technologies and energy efficient transit through 12 cleaner, diversion in homes hubs toUpdate be Make more homes Encourage waste and sustainability Drive more Drive cleaner, moreand commerical and Generate more solar ebe more solar land useaction polic land use policy Reduce Reduce commerical advanced technologies transit Enhance throughtoUpdate Implement the grow and maintain a the local food access high more inquality, climate 17 14 and businesses 12 efficient and resilient affordable, reduction and efficient vehicles efficient vehicles industrial emissions with energy locally ocally to foster health, to foster health, equity industrial emissions with regional collaboration Support community Cleveland Treeforest Plan to regional collaboration 14 healthy urban system andhealthy resident community affordable, food equit t and resilient Build transportation Improve access to 8 2 17 comfortable, diversion in homes a advanced technologies sustainability sustainability technologies 8is a transportation hubs to and be grow maintain access toand high quality, moreto 68 Thereadvanced total of 76 healthy, certifiedMake businesses inmore Cleveland Reduce dumping systems thatand prioritize affordable clean energy Make Cleveland a Build e be access Cleveland a 26 4 and energy efficient 23 and businesses Advance 6 12 12 14 efficient and resilient 14 healthy urban forest affordable, healthy food green tble and resilient 19 Establish an offshore through vacant land safety for all Prioritize energy Reduce for residents anddumping small premier cycling city systems an that prioritize clean energy and Northeast Establish offshore premier cycling city Ohio.in small and 17 17 8 industry in through workfo 8 wind reuse and education efficiency through vacant land organizations Promote new safety for all Reduce food waste Build transportation Build transportation dents and small Improve access to access to wind industry in Make Cleveland a Make Cleveland a e new Improve access to 26 Advance development 2 23 green
ENERGY ed CO2e Reduction: on MT ENERGY more homes ed CO2e Reduction: ble, on MT more table,homes healthy, ble, efficient ergy table, healthy, ergy efficient
Objective 25: Engage Residents to Advance Equity in Climate Action Summary Climate action planning calls for making big decisions that impact equity (deciding who gets what, when, where, and how). By applying an equity lens to the CAP, the level of consciousness of the decisions being made to address climate change has increased. The Cleveland Climate Action Plan Racial Equity Tool (APPENDIX A) can be used prior to making decisions within city government and other institutions looking to advance racial equity and shared prosperity. Equity in climate planning, in particular, supports the just distribution of the benefits of climate protection efforts. Cleveland Climate Action Fund Crowd-Funding Challenge project, â&#x20AC;&#x153;Green Movement in Glenville,â&#x20AC;? for a Hi-Tunnel where steam will be piped for year-round growing
Actions a
Establish the Climate Action Plan Racial Equity Tool as a resource for other initiatives
b
Integrate sustainability and climate action into K-12 curriculum, programming and operations
c
Establish a Cleveland Smart City collaborative that improves quality of life through technology and prioritizes investments for the most vulnerable
d
Develop and expand partnerships for education, training, and outreach efforts for residents around climate action and sustainability
e
Make the Cleveland Climate Action Fund financially sustainable and increase impact
Garden Valley Neighborhood House is updating their electrical system to install solar panels to power their food pantry refrigerators
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Objective 26: Advance Green Jobs through Workforce Development Summary In 2017, approximately 5% of Clevelandâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s workforce was employed in industries that align closely with the CAP focus areas. On average, the average annual wages of workers in these industries in Cleveland was $7,170 greater than average annual wages of workers in all industries in Cleveland. Looking to the next decade, forecasts show that these focus area-aligned industries are expected to grow at a slightly greater pace than other industries. For more detailed information about green jobs see APPENDIX B: Green Jobs / Workforce Development Analysis. Actions here are centered on integrating a green jobs focus into existing workforce development organizations.
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Actions a
Update green jobs analysis at least every 1-2 years and incorporate a workforce development assessment
b
Develop working group with workforce development and training organizations to integrate green jobs into existing work
c
Build a green jobs awareness and recruitment strategy with community organizers and workforce organizations
Objective 27: Support and Recognize Local Businesses Taking Climate Action Summary Businesses are increasingly acting and reporting on environmental and social governance practices, and the positive impact they can have to their bottom-line. Investors and other key stakeholders are using this information to evaluate companies globally, and consumers are demanding transparency to make purchasing decisions that align with their values. The City of Cleveland’s Office of Sustainability engaged BrownFlynn, a leading corporate sustainability and governance consulting firm, to analyze publicly available environmental and social governance (ESG) data for the largest public companies in Northeast Ohio (APPENDIX F). The purpose of this analysis is to better understand sustainable business practices among regional companies, identify gaps in reporting, and use this data to spur conversation for best practice sharing, collaboration, and reporting.
CROSSCUTTING PRIORITIES
14 6
9
10
4
4
Northeast Ohio (excluding Cleveland)
B Corp
Trip Advisor Green Leader
1
Actions
Dine Green
BFB
CMBA Green Certified
CDP
AT LEFT: For Cleveland to become truly sustainable, it’s crucial for businesses to adopt sustainable practices within their own operations. To track progress, Sustainable Cleveland is identifying those organizations based in Northeast Ohio that transparently report on sustainability using the following protocols: Global Reporting Initiative, CMBA Green Certified, Dine Green, Carbon Disclosure Project, Bicycle Friendly Businesses, Trip Advisor Green Leader and B Corp (bands A, B, or C).
3
3
4
5
GRI
# of Businesses
18
Recognized Green Businesses (Updated August 2018)
Cleveland
There is a total of 76 certified businesses in Cleveland and Northeast Ohio.
a
Engage business and institutional leaders to increase the number of NEO organizations reporting on race, equity and inclusion
b
Develop, promote and implement a local green business recognition program
c
Research climate action financing tools and develop approach for Cuyahoga County
d
Create comprehensive resource for Cleveland’s manufacturers focused on energy and waste 71
Objective 28: Improve Resilience to Climate Change & Other Impacts Summary Over the last several years Clevelanders have experienced an increase in average annual temperature, precipitation, and frequency and intensity of severe storms. These are just some of the changes that have led to real and serious impacts on our infrastructure, economy, social networks, cultural identity, and safety. Making sure we are considering what changes are projected to take place in the future, identifying who is most vulnerable to these changes, and integrating that information into how we operate as a City is critical. In particular, assessing vulnerability (APPENDIX C) is one important component of our Cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s efforts to create a more equitable and resilient community for all Cleveland residents â&#x20AC;&#x201C; ensuring every resident is more prepared for the current and future risks that are exacerbated by climate change.
Actions a
Develop plan to continue and extend work under the Climate Resilience and Urban Opportunity Initiative, including the role of neighborhood climate ambassadors
b
Complete City Resilience Index
c
Incorporate Climate and Vulnerability Assessment into city and county plans
d
Use an inventory of houses with air conditioning for a more responsive network of cooling and heating centers and draft guidelines for network members
e
Develop air quality mapping program at neighborhood level, focusing on community hubs
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Implementation & Tracking Progress Reporting Progress Leading up to and following the release of this plan, the City has committed to several global and national efforts to report climate action progress. Global Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy: Mayor Jackson has joined the Covenant of Mayors for Climate and Energy, an international alliance of cities and local governments with a shared long-term vision of promoting and supporting voluntary action to combat climate change and move to a low emission, resilient society. Participation on the Covenant requires using a common reporting framework and making action plans publicly available. Cleveland became compliant with the Covenant in 2017, making us one of the first ten US cities to do so. Carbon Disclosure Project: The City of Cleveland also reports through CDP, a non-profit charity that runs a global disclosure system for investors, companies, cities, states and regions to manage their environmental impacts. In 2018, Cleveland was recognized by CDP as one of the cities globally leading on climate disclosure. STAR Communities: Cleveland has been STAR certified community since 2014. STAR is a community rating system, comprehensive framework and certification program for evaluating local sustainability, encompassing economic, environmental, and social performance measures World Wildlife Fund: Cleveland is the 2018 National Winner of the World Wildlife Fundâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s One Planet City Challenge, in large part due to our climate reporting. To build accountability and report on progress more locally, the Cleveland Climate Action Advisory Committee will continue to serve as a managing body, ensuring implementation of the plan and regular emissions reporting. 74
Financing Climate Action Implementation Implementation involves complex change that requires not only an action plan, but vision, skills, incentives and resources. Particularly, resources in the form of finance tools are critical for continued success in meeting our emission reduction goals. While the Cleveland Climate Action Fund (see page 7) has served as a national model in providing resources for climate action at the neighborhood level, larger project financing is necessary for implementation. Given this, the Cleveland Climate Action Fund kicked off a parallel strategic planning process during the update of this plan. This strategy will be informed by how foundations, government, and business see alignment among climate action priorities, larger investment trends and tools.
Early findings from this planning process has identified some needs going forward: Buy-in of key leadership across multiple sectors such as City, County, Foundations, Civic/Economic Development, NonProfit, and Corporate Prioritization of Climate Action goals within an over-arching civic agenda focused on equitable and sustainable economic development Specific financing goals and measurable outcomes Dedicated funding stream Need for translation on impact and messaging While many actions in this plan require some level of financial support, others, like those listed below, require community-wide support to achieve our goals, including: Trees: Corporate and regional public funding resources to implement the Cleveland Tree Plan, supported by investment in tree maintenance. Energy: Corporate power purchase agreements and public financing, Green Bank, and Revolving Loan Fund development, continued Cleveland Public Power investment, and state-level advocacy. Meeting energy efficiency and clean energy goals will require new financing tools, such as a Green Bank, in addition to policy, business leadership, utility support, and advocacy. Transit: State-level advocacy and public funding. Increasing ridership will require additional funding and community-wide advocacy for public transit.
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References Citations 1. Worth, P. (2015, Fall). Where Climate Change Hits First and Worst. Catalyst. 2. Williams-Rajee, D., & Evans, T. (2016). Climate Action Through Equity. Portland: City of Portland Bureau of Planning and Sustainability. 3. The Annie E. Casey Foundation. (2014). Race Equity and Inclusion Action Guide: Embracing Equity: 7 Steps to Advance and Embed Race Equity and Inclusion Within Your Organization. 4. Allen, J., MacNaughton, P., Satish, U., Santanam, S., Vallarino, J., & Spengler, J. (2016). Associations of Cognitive Function Scores with Carbon Dioxide, Ventilation, and Volatile Organic Compound Exposures in Office Workers: A Controlled Exposure Study of Green and Conventional Office Environments. Environmental Health Perspectives. 5. Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority. (2018, May 2). Commuter Advantageâ&#x20AC;&#x201D;an added discount on your transit fares. Retrieved from RTA: http://www.riderta.com/programs/commuteradvantage 6. Bell, J., Mora, G., Hagan, E., Rubin, V., & Karpyn, A. (2013). Access to Healthy Food and Why it Matters: A Review of Research. PolicyLink. 7. Christ, G. (2017, October 5). As many as 450,000 people in the county live in food deserts; group wants to increase access to supermarkets. The Plain Dealer. 8. Mohareb, E., Heller, M., & Guthrie, P. (2018, May 2). Citiesâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Role in Mitigating United States Food System Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Environmental Science & Technology.
References City of Cleveland. (n.d.). Cleveland, OH Code of Ordinances. Title VII: Zoning Code. Cleveland 2030 District. (2017). 2017 Progress Report. Cleveland: 2030 District. Cleveland Metroparks. (2015). 2015 Strategic Plan Update. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Public Parks. Cleveland Neighborhood Progress. (2015). Cleveland: Climate Resiliance & Urban Oppertunity Plan. Cleveland, OH: Cleveland Neighborhood Progress. Cleveland Planning Commission. (2018, May 2). Zoning Code Updates. Retrieved from Cleveland Planning Commission: http://planning.city. cleveland.oh.us/zoning/cpc.php Davey Resource Group. (2015). The Cleveland Tree Plan.
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Global Green USA. (2016). 2016 QAP ANALYSIS: Green Building Criteria in Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Programs.
Google. (2018, April 25). Project Sunroof. Retrieved from Estimated rooftop solar potential of Cleveland, OH: https:// www.google.com/get/sunroof/data-explorer/place/ ChIJLWto4y7vMIgRQhhi91XLBO0/#?overlay=flux LEEDCo. (2018, April 25). The Project: Icebreaker Wind. Retrieved from Lake Erie Energy Development Corporation: http://www.leedco.org/index. php/about-icebreaker Makalinao, A. (2018, April 25). AEP Ohio Plugs Midwest into Nationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s EV Movement. Retrieved from National Resource Defense Council Expert Blog: https://www.nrdc.org/experts/aloysius-makalinao/aep-ohio-plugsmidwest-nations-ev-movement Martin Associates. (2016). The Local and Regional Economic Impacts of the Cleveland Harbor. NOACA. Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District. (2017). Green Infrastructure Policy. NEORSD. NREL. (2016). 2016 Offshore Wind Energy Resoure Assessment for the United States. Golend, CO: National Renewable Energy Labratories. ProducePERKS. (2018, May 22). Statewide Network. Retrieved from Produce Perks Midwest: Spend a little, Save a lot.: https://produceperks. org/network/ Solar Roadmap. (2018, April 25). City of Cleveland, OH. Retrieved from My Solar Roadmap: http://my.solarroadmap.com/ahj/city-of-cleveland-oh/ view Summers, M. (2018, April 6). Northeast Ohio Areawide Coordinating Agency Memorandum. Policy Comittee Friday April 13, 2018. Cleveland, Ohio. Union of Concerned Scientists. (2017). Going from Pump to Plug. Cambridge, MA: Union of Concerned Scientists. US Census. (2018, May 21). Commuting Characteristics by Sex. Retrieved from American Fact Finder: https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/ tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=CF US Census Bureau. (2018, May 2). Means of Tranportation to Work by Selected Characteristics. Retrieved from American Fact Finder: https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview. xhtml?src=bkmk Wilson, A. (2016). Coal Blooded. University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Department of Economics. NAACP, Indigenous Environmental Network, LVEJO. Zeltner, B. (2016, March 16). Segregation, inequality reflected in Ohioâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s poor county health rankings. The Plain Dealer.
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List of Appendices All appendices can be accessed at the following URL: https://www. sustainablecleveland. org/climate_action
APPENDIX A: Cleveland Climate Action Plan Racial Equity Tool A framework to be used prior to making decisions within city government and other institutions looking to advance racial equity and shared prosperity. APPENDIX B: Green Jobs / Workforce Development Analysis A baseline methodology for monitoring the impact that implementation of the CAP has on employment over time. APPENDIX C: Climate and Social Vulnerability Assessment This assessment and template overlaps social factors with climate factors to determine geographies and populations most vulnerable to the negative impacts of climate change. APPENDIX D: City of Cleveland Greenhouse Gas Inventory: An Analysis of Citywide Emissions for 2010-2016 [Final Report: August 2018] Clevelandâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Carbon Footprint (including progress since 2010 and future projections) APPENDIX E: Climate Action Implementation Plans Detailed action steps, key implementers, indicators to measure progress, and other notes. APPENDIX F: Corporate Environmental and Social Governance Analysis An analysis of publicly available environmental and social governance (ESG) data for the largest public companies in Northeast Ohio.
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