Titelfoto (Nr. L 4) Monnoies en argent, Haupt- und Supplementband, Wien, 1756 – 1770 Monnoies en or, Haupt- und Supplementband, Wien, 1759 – 1769 Lipsius S. 265 (2)
eLive Auction Numismatische Literatur – Aus den Bibliotheken Egon Beckenbauer, Hauck & Auf häuser Privatbankiers, München, u. a. Teil 1 Losnummer L 1 – L 892
Bibliophile Werke, Monographien: Allgemeine Numismatik, Antike allgemein, Griechen, Römer, Kelten, Byzanz, Völkerwanderung, Frühmittelalter, Neuzeit allgemein, Balkan, Griechenland, Malta, Belgien, Niederlande, Luxemburg, Deutschland
7. November 2012, Start: 1300 Uhr Teil 2 Losnummer L 893 – L 1637
Monographien: Frankreich, Monaco, Großbritannien, Irland, Habsburgische Erblande, Ungarn, Böhmen, Italien, Polen, Russland, Baltikum, Portugal, Spanien, Schweiz, Liechtenstein, Skandinavien, Orient, Islam, Übersee, Medaillen, Plaketten, Orden und Ehrenzeichen, Papiergeld, Geschichte allgemein, Gemmen und Kameen
Festschriften, Zeitschriften und Reihen, Auktionskataloge 8. November 2012, Start: 1300 Uhr
Sehr geehrte Münzfreunde/Dear Coin Collectors Ich freue mich sehr, Ihnen den Sonderkatalog »Numismatische Literatur« zu unserer eLive Auction im November zu präsentieren. Die eLive Auctions sind regelmäßig stattfindende Auktionen, die nur im Internet abgehalten werden. Wir haben uns entschlossen, für die Versteigerung der Literatur einen gedruckten Spezialkatalog für Sie zu produzieren. Ich wünsche Ihnen viel Freude beim Studium und hoffe, dass Sie viele schöne Monographien, Zeitschriften oder Kataloge finden werden.
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We are very happy to introduce the special catalogue »Numismatic Literature« for our November eLive Auction to you. With our eLive Auctions, we offer you a direct and easy opportunity to participate in regular auctions live over the internet. We decided to produce this printed catalogue for this literature sale. I wish you a lot of pleasure studying our special catalogue and hope you will find interesting books and catalogues for your numismatic library. Mit herzlichen Grüßen/With warm regards
Besichtigung/On View Das Auktionsgut kann nach Vereinbarung in Osnabrück besichtigt werden. Auction lots may be viewed in Osnabrück by appointment only.
Registrierung/Registration Um an der eLive Auction teilzunehmen, benötigen Sie einen aktiven myKünker-Account. Falls Sie noch keinen Account besitzen, können Sie sich auf unserer Website registrieren oder Sie wenden sich direkt an unsere Kundenbetreuung. Bitte beachten Sie, dass jede Registrierung manuell bearbeitet wird und nur während der Geschäftszeiten möglich ist. Wir empfehlen, sich möglichst frühzeitig zu registrieren, da jede Registrierung ca. einen Werktag dauert. In order to participate in the eLive Auction, all you need is an Internet connection along with an active myKünker account to log in. In case you do not yet have access to myKünker, you can register on our website or get in touch directly with our customer service department. Please note: New registrations are only possible during our business hours!
Künker-Service Wir sind mittlerweile mit neun eigenen Standorten in Deutschland und Europa vertreten. So können wir Ihnen unseren beliebten Künker-Service auch in Ihrer Nähe anbieten. Unsere Leistungen vor Ort: • Persönliche Beratung und Betreuung in Ihrer Nähe. • Sie können Ihre Münzen direkt einliefern oder verkaufen, ersteigerte Münzen abholen und sich nach Vereinbarung Einlieferungen auszahlen lassen. • Sie können sich von unserem Kooperationspartner auf den Künker-Auktionen vertreten lassen. We are now represented with nine locations in Germany and Europe so that we can also provide you the best service in your vicinity. Our local services: • You always have a point of contact nearby. • You can directly consign or sell your coins, collect purchases and receive by appointment payment for consignments. • You can have our cooperation partner represent you at our auctions.
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OSNABRÜCK Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG Gutenbergstraße 23, 49076 Osnabrück Tel. +49 (0)541 96 20 20, E-Mail: service@kuenker.de
TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE
Standorte/Locations
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MÜNCHEN Künker Numismatik AG Löwengrube 12, 80333 München Dr. Hubert Ruß Tel. +49 (0)89 242 198 38, service@kuenker-numismatik.de Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG Maximiliansplatz 12a, 80333 München Frank Richardsen Tel. +49 (0)89 242 16 990, frank.richardsen@kuenker.de BERLIN Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG Poststraße 22, 10178 Berlin-Mitte Wollankstraße 117, 13187 Berlin-Pankow Michael Otto Tel. +49 (0)30 247 248 91, michael.otto@kuenker.de
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HAMBURG Künker Hamburg, c/o Roland Trampe Roland Trampe Tel. +49 (0)541 96 20 20, roland.trampe@kuenker.de KONSTANZ Künker Konstanz, c/o Michael Autengruber Schulthaißstraße 10, 78462 Konstanz Michael Autengruber Tel. +49 (0)7531 28 44 69, michael.autengruber@kuenker.de
Michaeel Autengruubeer
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ZNOJMO Künker Znojmo, c/o Petr Kovaljov 17. Listopadu 18, 66902 Znojmo, Tschechische Republik Petr Kovaljov Tel. +42 (0)603 81 10 31, petr.kovaljov@kuenker.de ZÜRICH Künker Zürich, c/o Hess-Divo AG Löwenstraße 55, 8001 Zürich, Schweiz Ulf Künker Tel. +41 (0)44 225 40 90, zuerich@kuenker.de
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MOSKAU Künker Moskau, c/o Russian Coin Co. Ltd. Lyalin pereulok dom 9, str. 1, of. 3, 105062 Moskau, Russland Aleksey Onchukov Tel. +7 (495) 589 56 10, aleksey.onchukov@kuenker.de
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Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG Als Europas führendes Auktionshaus für Münzen, Medaillen und Orden verbessert sich unser Dienstleistungsspektrum für Sie als unsere Kunden weiterhin stetig. Einen kleinen Überblick über unsere Angebote finden Sie hier. As Europe’s leading auction company for coins, medals and decorations our range of services for our customers has been steadily improving and expanding. Following is a short overview of our offers. AUKTIONEN/AUCTIONS Besuchen Sie unsere international bedeutenden Auktionen, die Ihnen viermal jährlich zahlreiche Raritäten bieten. Profitieren Sie als Bieter oder Einlieferer von unserer Erfahrung und Kompetenz. Visit our internationally recognized auctions which take place four times a year and offer many rarities. Benefit from our experience and competence while being a bidder or consigner. GOLDHANDEL/GOLD COIN TRADING Wir bieten Ihnen ein ständiges Angebot sowie den Ankauf von Anlagemünzen aus Deutschland, Europa und aller Welt zu fairen tagesaktuellen Preisen. We are constantly offering as well as purchasing a vast range of German, European and World bullion coins. We buy and sell gold assets at a fair, daily updated market price. ONLINE-SHOP Wir bieten Ihnen in unserem Online-Shop auf www.kuenker.de ein täglich aktualisiertes Münzangebot von der Antike bis zur Neuzeit. Kaufen Sie hier unkompliziert zum Festpreis und ohne Risiko. We offer you an exclusive daily updated selection of coins from ancient to modern times. You can order at www.kuenker.com without hassle or risk. eLIVE AUCTION Mit unserer eLive Auction können Sie über das Internet an regelmäßigen Auktionen mit einem virtuellen Auktionator teilnehmen. Sie können Vorgebote bequem online abgeben und abschließend die Auktion live am Bildschirm für sich entscheiden. With our eLive Auction, we offer you an opportunity to participate in regular auctions live over the Internet. You can submit preliminary bids online, and up to the last moment of the sale you can win auctions live on your computer screen. ORDEN UND EHRENZEICHEN/ORDERS AND DECORATIONS Einmal im Jahr findet unsere besondere Ordensauktion statt, die sich ganz den dekorativen Ehrenzeichen widmet. Profitieren Sie als Bieter oder Einlieferer von unserer Erfahrung und Kompetenz im Bereich Phaleristik. Once a year there is a special auction dedicated to orders and decorations. Benefit from our experience in the field of phaleristik becoming our bidder or consigner.
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Ihr schneller Einstieg in die Künker eLive Auction
DEUTSCH
Mit der eLive Auction bieten wir Ihnen die Möglichkeit, direkt und unkompliziert über das Internet an regelmäßigen Auktionen live teilzunehmen. Bequem von zu Hause oder unterwegs können Sie Vorgebote abgeben und abschließend – ganz wie in einer echten SaalAuktion im Bieterwettstreit mit anderen – den Ausgang der Auktionen für sich entscheiden.
Was benötige ich, um teilzunehmen? Um an der eLive Auction teilzunehmen, benötigen Sie eine Internetverbindung sowie einen aktiven myKünker-Account, um sich anzumelden. Falls Sie noch keinen Account besitzen, können Sie sich auf unserer Website registrieren oder Sie wenden sich direkt per E-Mail an unsere Kundenbetreuung. Wir helfen Ihnen gerne weiter.
Wie verläuft eine Künker eLive Auction? Ganz wie in einer Saal-Auktion werden Sie auch hier auf viel Vertrautes treffen. Zunächst werden alle Stücke der Auktion auf der Internetseite www.eLive-Auction.de präsentiert und können im Detail besichtigt werden. Während dieses Zeitraums bis zum Ausruf des jeweiligen Stücks können Sie in der gewünschten Höhe Vorgebote abgeben, die bei der Versteigerung für Sie berücksichtigt werden. Nach der Besichtigungs- und Vorgebotsphase wird jedes Stück einzeln und nacheinander entsprechend seiner Losnummer ausgerufen und versteigert. Jetzt haben Sie die Möglichkeit, im virtuellen Auktionssaal live im Wettstreit mit anderen um jedes Stück zu bieten. Nach dem Ausruf können Sie schrittweise Ihre Gebote erhöhen und den Zuschlag für sich entscheiden, indem Sie auf den zentralen Button »Jetzt bieten« klicken.
Weitere Informationen und eine ausführliche Beschreibung aller Funktionen der eLive Auction finden Sie unter www.eLive-Auction.de/hilfe
Wie kann ich schriftlich bieten? Bei dieser speziellen eLive Auction können Sie auch schriftlich bieten – genauso wie Sie es bei unseren Saalauktionen gewohnt sind. Bitte senden Sie uns Ihre Aufträge möglichst frühzeitig zu. Wenn uns Ihr Auftrag erst kurz vor dem Start der eLive Auction erreicht, können wir nicht für eine fristgerechte Bearbeitung garantieren. Das beiliegende Formular erleichtert Ihnen die Abgabe eines schriftlichen Gebots. Gerne nehmen wir Ihre Gebote per Post, Fax oder E-Mail entgegen. Wenn Sie noch nicht bei uns gekauft haben, bitten wir Sie, uns als Referenz eine Münzhandlung anzugeben, mit der bereits eine Geschäftsbeziehung besteht.
Was kostet die Teilnahme an der eLive Auction? Die Teilnahme an der eLive Auction ist kostenlos. Sie benötigen lediglich einen myKünkerAccount, der für Sie als unseren Kunden ebenfalls kostenlos ist. Wenn Sie in einer Auktion erfolgreich geboten haben, sind bei anfallenden Kosten für Ihre Münze folgende Dinge zu berücksichtigen: Auf den Zuschlagspreis entfällt ein Aufgeld in Höhe von 10 % des Zuschlagspreises. Ferner sind alle Preise grundsätzlich Nettopreise. Das bedeutet, dass auf den Gesamtpreis (inkl. Aufgeld) die gesetzliche Mehrwertsteuer zu entrichten ist. Bitte beachten Sie: Die im Katalog angegebenen Preise sind Startpreise, die nicht unterschritten werden können.
Kundenservice: Telefon: +49 (0)541 96 20 20 Fax: +49 (0)541 96 20 222 Gebührenfrei: 0800 58 36 537 E-Mail: service@kuenker.de Internet: www.kuenker.de Geschäftszeiten: Montag – Donnerstag 8.30 – 17.00 Uhr Freitag 8.00 – 15.30 Uhr
Der größte Teil der Versandkosten wird durch uns übernommen. Ihren Beitrag zu diesen Kosten berechnen wir nach folgendem Schema: • Versand innerhalb der BRD: € 5,90 pro Paket, ab € 1.000,– Bestellwert versandkostenfrei • Versand innerhalb der EU (inkl. Schweiz und Norwegen): € 9,90 pro Paket, ab € 2.500,– Bestellwert versandkostenfrei • Versand nach Übersee: € 14,90 pro Paket, ab € 5.000,– Bestellwert versandkostenfrei
Worauf kann ich mich bei Künker verlassen? Wir gewährleisten die Echtheit aller verkauften Objekte auch über die gesetzliche Frist hinaus. Sollte uns ein Fehler bei der Beschreibung oder der Erhaltungsbewertung unterlaufen sein, können Sie auf unsere Kulanz zählen.
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ENGLISH
Your Fast Introduction to the Künker eLive Auction With our eLive Auction we offer you a direct and easy opportunity to participate in regular auctions live over the Internet. From the convenience of your own home or when you are travelling, you can submit preliminary bids, and up to the last moment – as in a real floor auction in bidding competition with others – decide the outcome of the auctions in your favor.
What do I need to participate? In order to participate in the eLive Auction, all you need is an Internet connection along with an active myKünker account to log in. In case you do not yet have access to myKünker, you can register on our web site or get in touch directly with our customer service department. We are delighted to assist you. Please visit our website for further information and a detailed description of every eLive Auction feature: www.eLive-Auction.com/hilfe
How does a Künker eLive Auction work? Just as in a hall auction, you will find many features here that will be familiar to you. Initially all the pieces of the auction are presented for two weeks on the auction site and can be previewed in detail. During this time period, until each item is called up for auction, you can submit preliminary bids in a desired amount to be considered for you at the auction. After the preview and preliminary bid phase, each piece is called up and auctioned individually, in sequential order, according to its lot number. Now you have the opportunity to join others in live bidding for each piece in the virtual auction hall. When the bidding starts, you can have your bids increase incrementally or submit new bids and win the auction by clicking on the central button »Bid now«.
How do I have to do for a written participation in the eLive Auction? In this special eLive Auction you can send us your instructions as usual in a normal auction. Please send us your bids as early as possible. If we receive your instructions only shortly before the eLive auction, we are not able to ensure the processing in due time. The enclosed form should make it simple for you to submit a written bid. You may send your bids by mail, fax or e-mail. If you are a new customer who has not yet purchased from us, we do request references. Please name a coin dealer with whom you have already done business. Customer Service: Phone: +49 (0)541 96 20 20 Fax: +49 (0)541 96 20 222 E-Mail: service@kuenker.de Website: www.kuenker.com Opening Hours: Monday –Thursday 8.30 AM – 5 PM Friday 8 AM – 3.30 PM
What is the cost to attend the eLive Auction? Participation in the eLive Auction is free of charge. All you need is a free myKünker account. If you have bought items in an auction, please remember that your coin is subject to the following costs: On top of the hammer price there is a buyer’s premium in the amount of 10 % of the hammer price. In addition, all prices are always net prices. This means that the total price (including the buyer’s premium) is subject to applicable value-added tax. In shipping the merchandise, we assume a majority of the packing and shipping costs. We calculate your contribution to these costs according to the following schedule: • Shipping within Germany: € 5.90 per parcel, free shipping for order value above € 1,000.– • Shipping within the EU (incl. Switzerland and Norway): € 9.90 per parcel, free shipping for order value above € 2,500.– • Shipping overseas: € 14.90 per parcel, free shipping for order value above € 5,000.–
A trademark of reliability you can count on at Künker: The genuineness of all objects sold is warranted beyond the statutory length of time. Should we still make a mistake in the catalogue description or concerning a condition, you can always count on our goodwill.
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INHALT AUKTION eLive Numismatische Literatur Nr./No. NUMISMATISCHE LITERATUR - AUS DEN BIBLIOTHEKEN EGON BECKENBAUER UND HAUCK & AUFHÄUSER PRIVATBANKIERS, MÜNCHEN u. a. Bibliophile Werke Monographien Allgemeine Numismatik Antike - Allgemein Griechen Römer Kelten Byzanz, Völkerwanderung, Frühmittelalter Neuzeit - Allgemein Balkan, Griechenland, Malta Belgien, Niederlande, Luxemburg Deutschland Frankreich, Monaco Großbritannien, Irland Habsburgische Erlande, Ungarn, Böhmen Italien Polen, Russland, Baltikum Portugal, Spanien Schweiz, Liechtenstein Skandinavien Orient, Islam, Übersee Medaillen, Plaketten Orden und Ehrenzeichen Papiergeld Geschichte - Allgemein, Gemmen und Kameen Festschriften Zeitschriften und Reihen Auktionskataloge
Seite / Page
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1 80 80 99 116 398 543 576 620 639 645 660 893 913 924 959 978 991 998 1012 1021 1061 1154 1167 1169 1207 1236 1278
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Autorenregister Index of authors Tableau des auteurs
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135 Stichwortregister General index Tableau générale
Sammlungsregister Index of collections Tableau des collections
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139 Abkürzungsverzeichnis Index of abbreviations Tableau des abréviations
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VERSANDKOSTEN - SHIPPING FEES - EXPÉDITION - SPESE DI SPEDIZIONE Für alle Büchersendungen werden die Versandkosten nach Aufwand in Rechnung gestellt. Shipping fees for all books will be invoiced at cost. Les frais d'expédition des livres seront facturés d'après le prix réel de transport. Le spese di spedizione per i libri saranno applicate in base alle spese d'invio da noi sostenute. 7
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$#7'4 ) )GQTIG $CWGTU #WUGTNGUGPG WPF PÒV\NKEJG 0GWKIMGKVGP HÒT CNNG /ÒP\NKGDJCDGT /KV -WR HGTP WPF GKPGO *CWRVTGIKUVGT ÒDGT CNNG \YCP\KI 5VÒEMG 0ÒTPDGTI ,QJCPP 'DGTJCTF <GJ 5 5 5 OKV GKPKIGP 6GZVCDD WPF 6HP u +P $·PFGP KP )CP\NGFGT OKV $ÒP FGP IGDWPFGP )CP\TQVUEJPKVV 'KPD·PFG OKV )GDTCWEJUURWTGP GKPKIG 5GKVGP UVQEMHNGEMKI .KRUKWU 5
$'06+0%- % 5 FG %CVCNQIWG F WPG EQNNGEVKQP FG OGFCKNNGU CPVKSWGU (CKVG RCT NC %QOVGUUG FQWCKT FG $GPVKPEM P¾G EQOKVGUUG & #NFGPDWTI &COG FG 8CTGN -PKGRJCWUGP GV &QQTYGTVJ $CPF #OUVGTFCO 5 u <GKVIGPÌUUKUEJGT )CP\NGFGTGKPDCPF KP $ÒPFGP )CP\IQNFUEJPKVV GVYCU DGUVQ GP WPF OKV YGPKIGP )GDTCWEJUURWTGP CPUQPUVGP UGJT IWV GTJCNVGP
$'4) # 0GY /ÒPV\DWGEJ FCTKPPGP CNNGTNG[ ITQ WPPF MNGKPG 5KNDGTPG WPF )WNFGPG 5QTVGP 0GW FTWEM 0GWYKGF FGT #WUICDG XQP $NN FQRRGNUGKVKIG 6HP OKV \CJNTGKEJGP 8KIPGVVGP KO 6GZV #PJCPI $NN -N (QNKQ -CTVQPGKPDCPF OKV .GKPGPRT·IWPI
11
BIBLIOPHILE WERKE
13
.
$+4#)+ ( / +ORGTCVQTWO 4QOCPQTWO 0WOKUOCVC C 2QORGLQ /CIPQ CF *GTCENKWO /CKNCPF 'KPKIG $NN ITQHQTOCVKIGT -WRHGTUVKEJ 5 +PFGZ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD (QNKQ /QFGTPGT 2GTICOGPV FGT <GKV 6KVGNUGKVGP WPF GKPKIG 5GKVGP KO 6GZV GVYCU DGUEJOWV\V CPUQPUVGP KP VCFGNNQUGO <WUVCPF #
14
.
$+<16 2 *KUVQKTG OGVCNNKSWG FG NC 4GRWDNKSWG FG *QNNCPFG 2CTKU &CPKGN *QTVJGOGNU 6KVGNMWRHGT :++ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD WPF 6HP (QNKQ <GKVIGPÌUUKUEJGT )CP\NGFGTGKP DCPF OKV $ÒPFGP WPF IQNFGPGT &GEMGNRT·IWPI GVYCU DGUVQGP 4ÒEMGP NGKEJV DGUEJ·FKIV &GMGUGN $ //#) /KV 'Z NKDTKU % 9 ) 8 0 KO 8QTUCV\
12
BIBLIOPHILE WERKE .
*KUVQKTG /GVCNNKSWG FG NC 4GRWDNKSWG FG *QNNCPFG $·PFG 0QWXGNNG 'FKVKQP WPF 5WRRNGOGPV #OUVGT FCO 2KGTTG /QTVKGT (TQPVKURK\ 8+++ 5 \CJNTGKEJG /ÒP\CDD WPF -WRHGTVHP KO 6GZV (TQPVKURK\ +8 5 5 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP /ÒP\CDD WPF -WRHGTVHP u 'KPJGKVNK EJGT )CP\NGFGTGKPDCPF FGT <GKV OKV $ÒPFGP IQNFGPG 4ÒEMGPXGT\KGTWPI <YKUEJGPHCN\GP GVYCU GKPIG TKUUGP
16
.
$4'00'4 ' 6JGUCWTWU PWOOQTWO 5WGQ )QVJKEQTWO UVWFKQ KPFGHGUUQ 'NKCG $TGPPGTK . CPPQTWO URCVKQ EQNNGEVWU CEEGUUKV GLWUFGO CWEVQTKU .KDGNNWU FG PWOOQRJ[NCEKKU 5WGEKCG &G UETKRVQTKDWU TGK PWOOCTKCG 5WGVJKECG 5VQEMJQNO (TQPVKURK\ -WRHGTUVKEJ $N 5 6HP WPF \CJNTGKEJG #DD KO 6GZV )CP\NGFGT OKV IQNFGPGT 4ÒEMGPXGT\KGTWPI
2TCEJVXQNNGT WPF UGJT UGNVGPGT $CPF OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DDKNFWPIGP XQP UEJYGFKUEJGP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP
.
$4ª))'/#00 *TUI &GPMOÒP\GP \WT )GUEJKEJVG UGKPGT /CLGUV·V FGU -ÌPKIU XQP 2TGWUUGP (TKGF TKEJ 9KNJGNO +++ $GTNKP 8+++ 5 6HP u *CNDNGFGT DGUVQGP 4ÒEMGP GKPIGTKUUGP 5VQEM HNGEMKI #
.
%#8'&10+ % 4CIIWCINKQ UVQTKEQ CTEJGQNQIKEQ F¾ RTGEKRWK TKRQUVKINK #PVKEJK FG OGFCINKG EQPUQNCTK G FK HCOKINKG TQOCPG F CTIGPVQ /QFGPC 5 *CNDNGKPGP 4ÒEMGP NGKEJV DGUEJ·FKIV
.
&#4+'4 * 6CDNGCW FW 6KVTG 2QKFU GV 8CNGWT FGU FKHH¾TGPVGU /QPPCKGU FyQT GV FyCTIGPV SWK EKTEW NGPV FCPU NG %QOGTG #XGE 'ORTGKPVGU )GPH 6KVGNMWRHGT 5 6HP u <GKVIGPÌUUKUEJGT *CNDNGFGTGKPDCPF 9CUUGTTCPF CWH FGP 6CHGNP DGUVQGP <YKUEJGPHCN\GP WPF 4ÒEMGP DGUEJ·FKIV
&1'&'4.+0 , # %QOOGPVCVKQ *KUVQTKEC FG 0WOKU )GTOCPKCG /GFKCG SWQU XWNIQ DTCEVGCVQU GV ECXQU 0ÒTPDGTI ,WN #TPQNF 'PIGNDTGEJV 9 / 'PFVGTK (KNKCU 5 (CNVVHP u $TQUEJKGTV XGTDNCUUVGT )CP\TQVUEJPKVV 5GKVGP KP VCFGNNQUGO <WUVCPF #
'%-*'. , -WT\IGHCVG 7OHCPIUITÒPFG \WT CNVGP 0WOKUOCVKM 9KGP $NN 5 6H CNU -QRKG DGKNKGIGPF )T u 0GW DTQUEJKGTV 5GKVGPT·PFGT OKV UVCTMGP )GDTCWEJUURWTGP 'KPDCPF CWUIGDNK EJGP 5 W HCNUEJ PWOOGTKGTV
.
.
13
BIBLIOPHILE WERKE
22
.
'NGOGPVC 4GK 0WOCTKCG 8GVGTWO 5KXG ,QUGRJK 'EMJGNKK 2TQNGIQOGPC &QEVTKPCG 0WOQTWO 9GKIGN 5 6HP % ) (4#%%+# #PVKEJG /QPGVG 5KEKNKCPG KPGFKVG Q RGT 3WCNUKGUK 2CTVKEQNCTKVC ¯ 0WQXG FGN 4GCN /WUGQ FK 2CNGTOQ 1 1 5 6 &B#00'%+ 0QVKEG UWT WPG /¾FCKNNG FG 2JKN KRRG /CTKG 8KUEQPVK FWE FG /KNCP 2CTKU 5 6HP ' 3 8+5%106+ .GVVGTC UW &BWP #PVKEQ 2KQODQ 8GNKVGTPQ UETKVVC #NNB'OKPGPVKUUKOQ G 4GXGTGPFKUUKOQ 2TKPEKRGOKN 5KIPQT %CTFKPCNG 5VGHCPQ $QTIKC 4QO 5 # (7.)10+ .GVVGTC UW FWG /QPWOGPVK PGB3WCNK GB/GOQTKC &B#PVQPKC #WIWUVC 4QO Q , 5 #DD ( +/*11( $.7/'4 /QPPCKGU )TGESWGU +VCNKG GV 5KEKNG #O UVGTFCO 5 6HP ) ) 4+%%+1 .G /QPGVG FGNNG #PVKEJG HCOKINKG FK 4QOC HKPQ CNNQ +ORG TCVQTG #WIWUVQ #WHNCIG 0CRQNK 5 5 / 4 4#17. 41%*'66' 5WRRN¾OGPV ± NC 0QVKEG UWT 3WGNSWGU /¾FCKNNGU )TGESWGU KP¾FKVGU FG 4QKU FG NC $CEVTKCPG GV FG .BKPFG 1 1 5 6HP 1*0' #7614 5WRRN¾OGPV ± NC 5WKVG FGU /¾FCKNNGU FGU 4QKU FG NC $CEVTKCPG 5V 2¾VGTU DQWTI 5 6H +P GKPGO $CPF IGDWPFGP *CNDNGKPGP $KPFWPI GVYCU NQEMGT WPF GKPKIG 5GKVGP GVYCU DGUEJ·FKIV WPF UVQEMHNGEMKI /CPEJG 5GKVGP NQUG /KV #POGTMWPIGP KO 6GZV
('4%*'. ( / $GUEJTGKDWPI XQP UGEJUJWPFGTV CPVKMGP TÌOKUEJGP /ÒP\GP YGNEJG UGKV ,CJTGP KP $C[GTP IGHWPFGP YWTFGP /KV #PICDG FGT (WPFQTVG /ÒPEJGP 5 $TQUEJKGTV 'EMGP WOIG MPKEMV (NGEMGP CWH FGP 5
/KV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGP $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM ) 5EJOKFV
.
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN XQO *KUVQT 8GTGKP XQP WPF HÒT 1DGTDC[GTP
24
.
(+0#7'4 2 2 $CLGTKUEJG /ÒP\DGNWUVKIWPI 'TUVGU (CEJ =CNNG GTUEJKGPGPGP? /ÒPEJGP /GJTGTG $NN 5 6HP u *CNDRGTICOGPV GVYCU DGUVQGP WPF UVQEMHNGEMKI #
.
(.'0&'4 , * &KURWVCVKQ KPCWIWTCNKU LWTKFKEC FG TG OQPGVCTKC SWCO 5WD %CGNGUVK 2TCGUKFKQ 'Z /C IPKHKEC #ORNKKOG (CEWNVCVKU ,WTKFKEC &GETGVQ +P +NNWUVTK *CUUQ )KGUUGPC 7PKXGTUKVCVG )KGGP *GP PKPI /ÒNNGT 5 &GMGUGN ( .KRUKWU 5 , -+6<'.++ 6TCEVCVWU RQUVJWOWU FG KWTG /Q PGVCTWO EWO 0QVKU #PVKPKK (TGWPFGDGTI /CTDWTI %CURCT %JGONKP 5 4GIKUVGT .KRUKWU 5 ) # (4'70&'$'4) &GUETKRVKU OQTCVQTKKU UGW KPFWEKKU /CTDWTI %CURCT %JGONKP GKPKIG WPRCIKPKGTVG 5GKVGP 5 4GIKUVGT &C\W YGKVGTG #WHU·V\G u +P GKPGO $CPF KP \GKVIGPÌUUK UEJGO )CP\RGTICOGPV IGDWPFGP JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGU +PJCNVUXGT\GKEJPKU KO 8QTUCV\ 'KPDCPF NGKEJV DG UEJ·FKIV
14
BIBLIOPHILE WERKE
26
.
=)1&100'5%*' 0 ? /GFCKNNGU FW 4½IPG FG .QWKU :8 2CTKU Q , (TQPVKURK\ 6KVGNMWRHGT 6HP u *CNDNGFGTGKPDCPF FGT <GKV OKV $ÒPFGP )CP\TQVUEJPKVV OKPKOCN DGUVQGP WPF DGTKGDGP 4ÒEMGP QDGP IGTKPIHÒIKI DGUEJ·FKIV GKPKIG 6CHGNP NGKEJV IGDT·WPV .KRUKWU 5
+P FKGUGO 9GTM UKPF CNNG /GFCKNNGP \W 'JTGP .WFYKIU :8 DKU \WO ,CJT KP HGKPGP -WRHGTUVKEJGP CDIGDKNFGV
.
)¤6< % , &GT $G[VT·IG \WO )TQUEJGP %CDKPGV 6GKN &TGUFGP 5 5 5 6HP #PUVTGKEJWPIGP WPF #POGTMWPIGP KO 6GZV 2CRRDCPF DGUVQGP
/KV JCPFUEJTKHNKEJGO $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM
.
.
)4#'8+75 , ) . #PPGCWU (NQTWU 4GEGPUKVWU KNNWUVTCVWU 7VTGEJV #RWF ,QJCPPGO 4KDDKWO $NN 5 OKV ICP\UGKVKIGO 6GZVMWRHGTP &WTEJ $KPFGHGJNGT HGJNGP 5GKVGP FCHÒT 5 FQRRGNV #PKOCFXGTUKQPGU KP . #PPCGK (NQTK 5 $NN WPF 5 +PFGZ (CNVVH )CP\NGFGTGKPDCPF FGT <GKV KP $ÒPFGP 'EMGP DGUVQGP CPUQPUVGP UGJT UCWDGTGU WPF UGNVGPGU 'ZGORNCT
)ª66*'4 % * 5CN\DWTIGT 'OKITCPVGP 9QEJGPVNKEJG -ÌPKIUGTIKUEJG (TCIG WPF #P\GKIWPIU 0CEJ TKEJVGP 0Q XQO /CLK OKV GKPGT $GUEJTGKDWPI FGT /GFCKNNGP WPF /ÒP\GP UQ CWH FGP #WUICPI FGT 2TQVGUVCPVGP CWU 5CN\DWTI IGRT·IGV YQTFGP WPF CWH JKGUKIGT *QEJIT·HNKEJ XQP 9CN NGPTQFVUEJGP $KDNKQVJGM DGHKPFNKEJ UKPF 5KGDGPUGKVKIGT $GTKEJV $TQUEJWT FGT <GKV
30
.
*#)'0 , ) ( XQP %QPXGPVKQPU /ÒP\ECDKPGV QFGT $GUEJTGKDWPI FGT 6JCNGT )WNFGP WPF MNGKPGTP 5KNDGTOÒP\GP YGNEJG PCEJ FGO GTTKEJVGVGP %QPXGPVKQPUOÒP\HW DKUJGTQ IGRT·IV YQTFGP 0ÒTP DGTI /GJTGTG $NN 5 (CNVVHP /CPEJOCN GVYCU HNGEMKI *CNDRGTICOGPV -CPVGP WPF 'EMGP DGUVQGP
15
BIBLIOPHILE WERKE
31
.
*'..'4 , 5EJCTPCIGNyU /ÒP\UCOONWPI KP $CODGTI YGNEJG FCUGNDUV XQO DKU 5GRV F ,U XGTUVGKIGTV YKTF $CODGTI :+8 5 2CRRDCPF &WTEJUEJQUUGPGU 'ZGORNCT 'KPG 5GKVG OKV $NGKUVKHVPQVK\GP
5GJT UGNVGP
32
.
*+45%* , % &GU 6GWVUEJGP 4GKEJU /ÒP\ #TEJKX $GUVGJGPF KP GKPGT 5COONWPI -C[UGTN WPF 4GKEJU /ÒP\ )GUGV\G 1TFPWPIGP 2TKXKNGIKGP ÒDGT FCU /ÒP\ 4GEJV -C[UGTN 4GUETKRVGP $·PFG 0ÒTPDGTI 5 (CNVVCDGNNGP OGJTGTG 6GZV 8KIP *QN\UVKEJG <GKVIGPÌUUKUEJG .GFGT GKPD·PFG OKV IQNFGPGT 4ÒEMGPDGUEJTKHVWPI WPF XGT\KGTWPI UQYKG $ÒPFGP 4QVUEJPKVV 'KPD·PFG GVYCU DGUVQGP -QORNGVVGT 5CV\ KP VCFGNNQUGT 'TJCNVWPI *KTUEJyU &GU 6GWVUEJGP 4GKEJU /ÒP\ #TEJKX DKNFGV FKG WOHCUUGPFUVG WPF YKEJVKIUVG \GKVIGPÌUUKUEJG <WUCOOGP UVGNNWPI CNNGT 4GKEJU WPF 6GTTKVQTKCNIGUGV\G FCU )GNF WPF /ÒP\YGUGP DGVTGHHGPF &CDGK HCPFGP UQYQJN FCU ÌUVGT TGKEJKUEJG CNU CWEJ FCU UEJYGK\GTKUEJG /ÒP\YGUGP CWUHÒJTNKEJG $GCEJVWPI 9KT UKPF UVQN\ FKGUGU KP UGKPGT 8QNN UV·PFKIMGKV KPMN 4GIKUVGTDCPF +: WPF 3WCNKV·V PWT UGJT UGNVGP CPIGDQVGPG 9GTM QHHGTKGTGP \W MÌPPGP
/KV 'Z NKDTK ( : # FG 5VWDGPTCWEJ WPF JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGP $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM
.
16
,1#%*+/ , ( 0GW GTÌHHPGVGU )TQUEJGP %CDKPGV (CEJ .GKR\KI )TQ (CEJ KP FTGK $·PFGP KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP 4ÒEMGP GVYCU DGUEJ·FKIV 6KVGNDNCVV XQP $CPF GVYCU GKPIGTKUUGP GKPKIG 0QVK\GP WPF KP $CPF JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGU 4GIKUVGT (CEJ WPF KP FTGK $·PFGP 6GZV Z WPF 6CHGNP Z KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
BIBLIOPHILE WERKE
34
.
7PVGTTKEJV XQP FGO /ÒP\YGUGP YQTKPPGP UQYQN FGT <WUVCPF WPF $GUEJCHHGPJGKV FGT /ÒP\GP $GK FGP ,ÒFGP )TKGEJGP WPF 4ÌOGTP CNU CWEJ FKG 'KPTKEJVWPI FGU /ÒP\YGUGPU KP FGP XQTPGJOGP GWTQR·KUEJGP .·PFGTP XQTIGUVGNNV YKTF *CNNG 5 *CNDRGTICOGPV OKPKOCN DGUVQGP #
/KV OGJTGTGP $GUKV\GTUVGORGNP WPF JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGP $GUKV\GTXGTOGTMGP \ $ $G[UEJNCIKUEJG $KDNKQVJGM
.
.
.
&CU PGW GTÌHPGVG /ÒP\ECDKPGV FCTKPPGP OGTMYÒTFKIG WPF XKGNG DKUJGTQ PQEJ PKTIGPFU OKVIGVJGKNVG )QNF WPF 5KNDGTOÒP\GP \W HKPFGP FKG TKEJVKI KP -WRHGT CDIGDKNFGV DGUEJTKGDGP WPF GTN·WVGTV YGTFGP XQP & ,QJCPP (TKGFTKEJ ,QCEJKO $F 0ÒTPDGTI )GQTI $CWGT (TQPVKURK\ 5 6HP $F 0ÒTPDGTI )GQTI $CWGT (TQPVKURK\ 5 6HP $F 0ÒTPDGTI ,QJCPP 'DGTJCTF <GJ (TQPVKURK\ 5 5VCOOVH 6HP $F , 2 4'+0*#4& 0ÒTPDGTI ,QJCPP 'DGTJCTF <GJ 5 6HP FCXQP (CNVVH 4GIKUVGT 5 u +P \YGK $·PFGP KP TGUVCWTKGT VGO )CP\NGFGT IGDWPFGP )CP\TQVUEJPKVV 4ÒEMGP OKV )QNFXGT\KGTWPIGP GVYCU UVQEMHNGEMKI .KRUKWU 5
=-.'+05%*/+&6 % . ? 5COONWPI HÒTUVNKEJ JGUUKUEJGT .CPFGU 1TFPWPIGP WPF #WUUEJTGKDGP PGDUV FCJKP IGJÌTKIGP 'TN·WVGTWPIU WPF CPFGTGP 4GUETKRVGP 4GUQNWVKQPGP #DUEJKGFGP IGOGKPGP $GUEJGK FGP WPF FGTINGKEJGP 6GKN XQP <GKVGP FGT 4GIKGTWPI *GTTP .CPFITCHGP *GPTKEJU ++ DKU CP FCU 'PFG FGT 4GIKGTWPI *GTTP .CPFITCHGP /QTKV\GPU XQO ,CJT DKU KP FCU ,CJT -CUUGN ,QJCPP 0KEQNCWU 5GKDGTV Q , (TQPVKURK\ OGJTGTG $NN 5 4GIKUVGT 5 u /QFGTPGT )CP\NGFGTGKPDCPF )CP\ TQVUEJPKVV 9CUUGTUEJCFGP DGUQPFGTU CWH FGP GTUVGP WPF NGV\VGP 5GKVGP VGKNU TGUVCWTKGTV (TQPVKURK\ PGW GKPIGMNGDV
-¤*.'4 , & *KUVQTKUEJG /ÒP\ $GNWUVKIWPIGP 6GKN WPF 4GIKUVGT 6GKN WPF 0ÒTPDGTI %JTKUVQRJ 9GKIGN 9KVVYG WPF 'TDGP u 'KPJGKVNKEJ KP UEJÌPGP )CP\RGTICOGPVGKPD·PFGP FGT <GKV OKV IQNFGPGT &GEMGNRT·IWPI WPF IQNFGPGT 4ÒEMGPDGUEJTKHVWPI )CP\DNCWUEJPKVV $CPF OKV 9CUUGTUEJCFGP WPF GPVHGTPVGT &GEMGNRT·IWPI $CPF OKV NGKEJVGO 9CU UGTTCPF CWH FGP NGV\VGP 5GKVGP CPUQPUVGP JGTXQTTCIGPFG 'TJCNVWPI .KRUKWU 5 8QNNUV·PFKIG #WUICDG FKGUGU JGTXQTTCIGPF GTJCNVGPGP WPF UGNVGPGP 9GTMGU
.
*KUVQTKUEJG /ÒP\ $GNWUVKIWPI &CTKPPGP CNNGTJCPF OGTMYÒTFKIG WPF TCTG 6JCNGT &WECVGP 5EJCWUVÒE MGP WPF CPFGTG UQPFGTDCTG )QNF WPF 5KNDGT /ÒP\GP XQP OCPEJGTNG[ #NVGT \WUCOOGP .:+ 5VÒEMG #EEWTCV KP -WRHGT IGUVQEJGP DGUEJTKGDGP WPF CWU FGT *KUVQTKG WOUV·PFNKEJ GTMN·TGV YGTFGP $CPF + :+++ :8 ::++ 4GIKUVGT 0ÒTPDGTI 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWPFGP VGKNYGKUG GVYCU DGUVQGP WPF YGPKIG 'ZGORNCTG OKV MNGKPGO 9CUUGTTCPF XGTUEJKGFGPG 'Z NKDTK WPF $GUKV\GTUVGORGN $CPF GVYCU YCUUGTHNGEMKI $CPF WPF UQYKG $CPF WPF KP GKPGO $WPF IGDWPFGP +PJCNV VCFGNNQU WPF VTQV\ FGU HGJNGPFGP $CPFGU KP FKGUGT 8QNNUV·PFKIMGKV IGUWEJV
.
*KUVQTKUEJG /ÒP\ $GNWUVKIWPIGP 6GKN 0ÒTPDGTI %JTKUVQRJ 9GKIGN 9KVVYG WPF 'TDGP (TQPVKURK\ 5 OKV GKPKIGP 6GZVCDD :::++ 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD :. 5 LGYGKNU OKV 4GIKUVGT 'KPJGKVNKEJ KP )CP\RGTICOGPV FGT <GKV IGDWPFGP WPF 6GKN KP GKPGP $CPF KP )CP\NGFGT FGT <GKV IGDWPFGP :::++ 5 4GIKUVGT OKV GKPKIGP #DD 8+++ 5 4GIK UVGT OKV GKPKIGP #DD $WEJFGEMGN NQUG DGUVQGP
/KV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGO $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM
17
BIBLIOPHILE WERKE
.
.
.
8QNNUV·PFKIGU &WECVGP %CDKPGV *CPPQXGT 'TDGP FGU 0KEQN (ÌTUVGT WPF 5QJP <CJNTGKEJG $NN 5 $NN 5 4GIKUVGT -N u 2CRRD·PFG GVYCU DGUVQGP +PJCNV VCFGNNQU &C\W , % XQP 5116*' #WUGTNGUGPGU WPF JÌEJUV CPUGJPNKEJGU &WECVGPECDKPGV 0GWFTWEM $QPP FGT #WUICDG *CODWTI :+ 5 =/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN &T ( : 9GK\KPIGT %Q ? *CNDNGKPGP NGKEJV DGUVQGP
-70&/#00 , % 0WOOK 5KPIWNCTGU QFGT 5QPFGTDCTG 6JCNGT WPF /ÒPV\GP $TGNCW .GKR\KI DG[ /KEJCGN *WDGTV 5 $NN -WRHGTVHP 2CRRDCPF FGT <GKV $WEJFGEMGN WPF 5GKVGP NQUG DGUVQGP .KRUKWU 5
-70< % 5GEQPFQ %CVCNQIQ FK 1IIGVVK FK 0WOKUOCVKEC XGPFKDKNK 2TGUUQ /QPGVG $K\CPVKPG OQPGVG FK RTKPEKRK QEEKFGPVCNK KP 1TKGPVG GE 8GPG\KC 5 6HP # 51'6$''4 $GKVT·IG \WT )GUEJKEJVG FGU )GNF WPF /ÒP\YGUGPU KP &GWVUEJNCPF WPF #DUEJPKVV 1 1 WPF Q , 5 % . )416'('0& &KG /ÒP\GP FGT ITKGEJKUEJGP RCTVJKUEJGP WPF KPFQUM[VJKUEJGP -ÌPKIG XQP $CMVTKGP WPF FGP .·PFGTP CO +PFWU *CPPQXGT 5 6HP 7 *1'2.+ .KDTCKTKG #PEKGPPG %CVCNQIWG 0 /KNCP 5 OKV 0TP =/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN # $WEJJQN\? +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
43
.
.'55'4 ( % $GUQPFGTG /ÒP\GP YGNEJG UQYQJN CWH IGNGJTVG )GUGNNUEJCHVGP CNU CWEJ CWH IGNGJTVG .GWVG UQPFGTNKEJ CWH & /CTVKP .WVJGTP PCEJ ,WPMGTU JGTCWUIGIGDGPGO 'JTGP )GF·EJVPKU FGUUGNDGP IGRT·IV YQTFGP (TCPMHWTV .GKR\KI /KEJCGN $NQEJDGTIGT 5 5 -WRHGTVHP -N u 2CRRDCPF FGT <GKV 4ÒEMGP HGJNV DGUVQGP +PJCNV VCFGNNQU #
.+'$' % 5 &KCVTKDG FG RUGWFQP[OKC ,Q %CNXKP +P CSWC KKU SWCG 2GVTWU $CGNKWU $CKNNGVWU #OUVGTFCO CRWF 9GVUVGPKQU $N 5 2TQFTQOK TGHQTOCVKQPKU RKC OGOQTKC TGEQNGPFCG UKXG 0WOOK .WFQXKEK :++ TGIKU ICNNQTWO .GKR\KI CRWF ,Q %JTKUV /CTVKPK $NN 5 %CTOKPC ,WXGPKNKC FKXGTUKU VGORQTKDWU GNCDQTCVC GV EQNNGEVC C % 5 . .GKR\KI WO 5 +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGFGT FGT <GKV IGDWPFGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP 5GKVGP NGKEJV IGDT·WPV CPUQPUVGP UGJT IWV GTJCNVGPGU 'ZGORNCT FKGUGU UGNVGPGP 9GTMGU
.+25+75 , ) $KDNKQVJGEC PWOCTKC UKXG %CVCNQIWU CWEVQTWO SWK WUSWG CF HKPGO UGEWNK :8+++ FG TG OQPGVCTKC CWV PWOKU UETKRUGTWPV 6QOWU + ++ 5 :: 5 $GKIGDWPFGP , .GKV\OCPP $KDNKQ VJGEC PWOCTKC 8GT\GKEJPKUU U·OOVNKEJGT KP FGO <GKVTCWOG DKU GTUEJKGPGPGP 5EJTKHVGP ÒDGT /ÒP\MWPFG 9GKUUGPUGG +8 5 $GKIGNGIV UGKVKIG JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJG #WHNKUVWPI \W PWOKUOCVK UEJGP <GKVUEJTKHVGP +P GKPGP $CPF KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP
/KV GZ NKDTKU KO 8QTUCV\
.
.
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN 6JGQF 9KNOGTUFQGTHHGT KO 8QTUCV\
18
BIBLIOPHILE WERKE
46
.
.1%*0'4 , * 5COONWPI OGTMYÒTFKIGT /GFCKNNGP 'TUVGU DKU CEJVGU ,CJT +P YGNEJGT YÌEJGPVNKEJ GKP EWTKÌUGU )GRT·I OGKUVGPU XQP OQFGTPGP /GFCKNNGP CWUIGUWEJGV WPF PKEJV PWT HNGKUKI KP -WRHGT XQTIGUVGNNGV UQPFGTP CWEJ FWTEJ GKPG JKUVQTKUEJG 'TN·WVGTWPI JKPN·PINKEJ GTMN·TGV PWP CDGT UQ YQN OKV XQNNUV·PFKIGP 4GIKUVGTP CP FCU .KEJV IGIGDGP YQTFGP 0ÒTPDGTI 2GVGT %QPTCF /QPCVJ = ? (TQPVKURK\ $NN 5 #DD 4GIKUVGT $NN <YG[VGU ,CJT (TQPVKURK\ $NN 5 #DD 4GIKUVGT $NN (CNVVH &TKVVGU ,CJT (TQPVKURK\ $NN 5 #DD 4GIKUVGT $NN 8KGTVGU ,CJT (TQPVKURK\ $NN 5 #DD 4GIKUVGT $NN (ÒPHVGU ,CJT (TQPVKURK\ $NN 5 #DD 4GIKUVGT $NN 5GEJUVGU ,CJT (TQPVKURK\ $NN 5 #DD 4GIKUVGT $NN 5KGDGPFGU ,CJT (TQPVKURK\ $NN 5 #DD 4GIKUVGT $NN #EJVGU ,CJT (TQPVKURK\ $NN 5 #DD 4GIKUVGT $NN &C\W 2GTUQPGP 5CEJ WPF 5RTWEJ 4GIKUVGT \W U·OVNKEJGP CEJV $·PFGP FGT 5COONWPI OGTMYÒTFKIGT /GFCKN NGP $GCTDGKVGV XQP ( ,CGEMGN &TGUFGP 5 u &KXGTUG 5GKVGP UKPF TGUVCWTKGTV YQTFGP #NNGU KP GKPJGKVNKEJGO *CNDNGFGT OKV IQNFGPGT 4ÒEMGPDGUEJTKHVWPI IGDWPFGP 6CFGNNQUGU 'ZGORNCT +P FKGUGT 3WCNKV·V UGNVGP CPIGDQVGP .KRUKWU 5 /KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN CWH FGO 6KVGNDNCVV
47
.
.110 ) XCP $GUEJT[XKPI FGT 0GFGTNCPFUEJG *KUVQTKGRGPPKPIGP 1H DGMPQRV 8GTJCCN XCP V IGPG HGFGTV FG 1XGTFTCEJV FGT *GTTUEJCRR[G XCP -G[\GT -CTGN FGP 8[HFGP QR -QPKPI 2JKNKRU <[PGP <QQP 6QV JGV HNW[GVGP XCP FGP 7[VTGEJVUEJGP 8TGGFG $·PFG )TCXGPJCCIG %JTKUVKCP XCP .QO +UCCE 8CKNNCPV 2KGVGT )QUUG W Y 'Z NKDTKU 6KVGNMWRHGT 5 4GIKUVGT 5 5 4GIKUVGT 5 5 4GIKUVGT 5 5 4GIKUVGT 5 LGYGKNU OKV \CJNTGKEJGP YWP FGTUEJÌPGP -WRHGTCDD (QNKQ +P GKPJGKVNKEJGO DÒPFKIGO )CP\NGFGT OKV &GEMGNR·IWPI IGDWPFGP $CPF OKV $NGKUVKHVPQVK\ KO &GEMGN $CPF WPF NGKEJV DGUVQGP <YKUEJGPHCN\ DGK $CPF DGUEJ·FKIV CPUQPUVGP ·WGTUV RTCEJVXQNNGT 5CV\ FKGUGU UGNVGPGP WPF YKEJVKIGP 9GTMGU .KRUKWU 5 /KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGNP
19
BIBLIOPHILE WERKE
48
.
.14+ , ) XQP *I 5COONWPI FGU DCKGTKUEJGP /ÒP\TGEJVU $CPF $NN 5 $CPF $NN 5 $CPF $NN 5 +P $CPF CWH FGP GTUVGP 5GKVGP OKV MNGKPGP 9CUUGTTCPF *CNDNGFGT DGUVQGP GVYCU UVQEMHNGEMKI 5GJT UGNVGP 'Z NKDTKU 9 5EJTCV\ KP $CPF WPF 'Z NKDTKU # 5VGTP KP $CPF
.
.
.
/#&#+ & 5 8QNNUV·PFKIGU 6JCNGT %CDKPGV $CPF WPF /KV CPUGJPNKEJGT 8GTOGJTWPI KP \YG[GP 6JGKNGP JGTCWUIGIGDGP WPF OKV PÌVJKIGP 4GIKUVGTP XGTUGJGP $CPF +P EJTQPQNQIKUEJGT WPF IGPGCNQIK UEJGT 1TFPWPI PGDUV PÌVJKIGP 4GIKUVGTP $CPF &GU XQNNUV·PFKIGP 6JCNGT %CDKPGVU GTUVG \YGKVG WPF FTKVVG (QTVUGV\WPI -ÌPKIUDGTI <GKUG WPF *CTVWPI (TQPVKURK\ $NN 5 (TQPVKURK\ $NN 5 $NN 5 4GIKUVGT $NN $NN 5 $NN 5 $NN 5 u #WH FKXGTUGP 5GKVGP PQTOCNG MNGKPG (NGEMGP WPF MNGKPG 9CUUGTHNGEMGP 'KPJGKVNKEJ IGDWPFGPGU VCFGNNQUGU 'ZGORNCT *CNDNGFGT .KRUKWU 5
8GT\GKEJPKU FGT CWUGTNGUGPGP WPF JÌEJUVCPUGJPNKEJGP 6JCNGTUCOONWPI FGU \W *CNNG IGUVQTDGPGP *Q HTCVJU &CXKF 5COWGN XQP /CFCK *CODWTI 6KVGNDNCVV OKV /ÒP\MWRHGT 5 $N 1TKI $TQ UEJWT \CJNTGKEJG JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJ DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG <WUEJNCIURTGKUG
/'4.' XQP $GUEJTGKDWPI FGT MÌNPKUEJGP /ÒP\UCOONWPI FGU &QOJGTTP WPF MWTHÒTUVNKEJ YGNVNKEJGP *QHIGTKEJVU 2T·UKFGPVGP XQP /GTNG -ÌNP .CPIGPUEJG $WEJJCPFNWPI /GJTGTG $NN 5 2CRR DCPF
52
.
/'0'564+'4 % ( &GT $GTÒJOVGP -ÌPKINKEJGP #ECFGOKUVGP \W 2CTKU %WTKÌUG 5EJCW /ÒPV\GP 8QTUVGNNGPF FKG XQTPGJOUVGP 6JCVGP .WFYKI FGU )TQUUGP = ? /GFCKNNGU UWT NGU RTKPEKRCWZ GXGPGOGPVU FW TGIPG FG .QWKU NG )TCPF = ? $CFGP ,QJCPP .WFYKI $CNFKPIGT 5 OKV \CJN TGKEJGP -WRHGTCDD $NN 4GIKUVGT u )CP\NGFGT OKV IQNFGPGT 4ÒEMGPXGT\KGTWPI 'VYCU DGUVQGP $NGKUVKHVITCHHKVK KO 8QTURCPP +PJCNV KO VCFGNNQUGP <WUVCPF //#) +P FKGUGO $CPF UKPF UQYQJN FKG HTCP\ÌUKUEJGP 1TKIKPCNVGZVG CNU CWEJ FGTGP FGWVUEJG ªDGTUGV\WPI GPVJCNVGP
20
BIBLIOPHILE WERKE .
/+'4+5 ( XCP *KUVQTK FGT 0GFGTNCPUEJG 8QTUVGP OGV OGGT FCP FWK\GPF *KUVQTKRGPPKPIGP )TC XGPJCCIG $NN 5 $NN $NN 5 $NN $NN 5 $NN (QNKQ *CND NGFGT FGT <GKV 4ÒEMGP DGUVQGP WPF VGKNYGKUG TGRCTKGTV GKP &GEMGN NQUG UGNVGP CPIGDQVGPGU 'ZGORNCT .KRUKWU 5
.
/104#& + 2 0WOK #PVKSWK GV $[\CPVKPKEK 8GTUVGKIGTWPI UGKPGT 5COONWPI \W *CODWTI 5 1TKI IGJGHVGV
.
0'.-'0$4'%*'4 , % 0QXGCW /CPWGN FGU /QPPCKGU VTCFWKV RCT ,GCP /CTKG &GUEJCORU #WHNCIG 2CTKU 5 /CTOQTKGTVGT 2CRRDCPF FGT <GKV
(TCP\ÌUKUEJG ªDGTUGV\WPI FGU DGTÒJOVGP FV 6CUEJGPDWEJGU FGT /ÒP\ /C WPF )GYKEJVUMWPFG HÒT $CPMKGTU WPF -CWHNGWVG OKV \CJNTGKEJGP 7OTGEJPWPIUVCDGNNGP WUY 2TCEJVXQNNG 'TJCNVWPI
57
56
.
1%%1 # +ORGTCVQTWO 4QOCPQTWO 0WOKUOCVC C 2QORGKQ /CIPQ CF *GTCENKWO /CK NCPF )TQ (QNKQ 5 OKV /ÒP\CDD (TQPVKURK\ )CP\NGFGTGKPDCPF GVYCU DGUVQGP
.
2#6+0 % 6JGUCWTWU 0WOKUOCVWO #OUVGTFCO $NN 5 OKV IGUVQEJGPGP 8KIPGVVGP WPF \CJNTGKEJGP /ÒP\MWRHGTUVKEJGP *CNDRGTICOGPV 'KPDCPF NÌUV UKEJ DGUVQGP 5GKVGP KP VCFGNNQUGO <WUVCPF
'Z NKDTKU #WU FGT $ÒEJGTGK XQP % -ÌJNGT
58
.
6JGUCWTWU 0WOKUOCVWO #PVKSWQTWO 4GEGPVKQTWO GZ #WTQ #TIGPVQ #GTG #D KNNWUVTK & 2GVTQ /CWTQEGPQ 5GPCVQTG 8GPGVQ #WHNCIG 8GPGFKI +Q (TCPEKUEK 8CNWCUGPUKU (TQPVKURK\ 5 OKV #DD u )CP\NGFGTGKPDCPF FGT <GKV $ÒPFG MNGKPGT 9CUUGTTCPF CWH GKPKIGP 5GKVGP 8QTUCV\DNCVV IGNQEMGTV 'KPDCPF OKV O·KIGP )GDTCWEJUURWTGP 4ÒEMGP DGUEJ·FKIV &GMGUGN 2 .KRUKWU 5
21
BIBLIOPHILE WERKE
59
.
.
24#70 # 5 )TÒPFNKEJG 0CEJTKEJV XQP FGO /ÒP\YGUGP KPUIGOGKP KPUDGUQPFGTG CDGT XQP FGO VGWV UEJGP /ÒP\YGUGP ·NVGTGT WPF PGWGTGT <GKVGP WPF FCPP CWEJ XQP FGO (TCP\ÌUKUEJGP 5RCPKUEJGP 0KG FGTN·PFUEJGP 'PINKUEJGP WPF &·PKUEJGP /ÒP\YGUGP 8GTOGJTV WO FCU 5EJYGFKUEJG 4WUUKUEJG WPF 2QNPKUEJG /ÒP\YGUGP *GNOUV·FV 9G[ICPF 1TKIKPCNCWUICDG CWU FGO ,CJTG ::::8+ 5 u 5GJT UEJÌPGT )CP\NGFGTGKPDCPF FGT <GKV OKV $ÒPFGP WPF IQNFGPGT 4ÒEMGPXGT\KGTWPI GVYCU DGTKGDGP #
5%*/+'&'4 % % *CPFYÌTVGTDWEJ FGT IGUCOOVGP /ÒP\MWPFG HÒT /ÒP\NKGDJCDGT WPF )GUEJ·HVU NGWVG 0CEJVTCI *CNNG $GTNKP 8+++ 5 +8 5 u /KV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGP #POGTMWP IGP +P GKPGO $CPF IGDWPFGP )CP\TQVUEJPKVV 2CRRDCPF DGUVQGP
/KV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGP $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM KO 8QTUCV\ WPF $GUKV\GTUVGORGN CWH FGO 6KVGNDNCVV
.
.
*CPFYÌTVGTDWEJ FGT IGUCOOVGP /ÒP\MWPFG HÒT /ÒP\NKGDJCDGT WPF )GUEJ·HVUNGWVG *CNNG $GTNKP 8+++ 5 0CEJVTCI \W FGO *CPFYÌTVGTDWEJ FGT IGUCOOVGP /ÒP\MWPFG HÒT /ÒP\NKGDJCDGT WPF )GUEJ·HVUNGWVG *CNNG $GTNKP +8 5 +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP YGPKIG $NGK UVKHVPQVK\GP UGJT IWVG 'TJCNVWPI #
5%*7$'46 6 ( XQP /QPPC[GU 4WUUGU FGU FGTPKGTU VTQKU 5K½ENGU FGRWKU NG %\CT ,QCP 9CUKNKGYKE\ )TQ\P[K LWUSW ¯ .yGORGTGWT #NGZCPFTG ++ 6GZV WPF #VNCUDCPF .GKR\KI :+8 5 6HP ++ :::8++ FC\W 6H OKV $GUEJTGKDWPI FGT 4CPFUEJTKHVGP /QFGTPGU *CNDNGFGT -QNQTKGTVG #DD VGKNYGKUG GVYCU CDIGTKGDGP 6GZVDCPF VGKNYGKUG UVQEMHNGEMKI 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWPFGP
5GJT UGNVGP /KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN &T ( : 9GK\KPIGT %Q KO 6GZVDCPF
.
.
.
.
5%*7.6*'55 4'%*$'4) - ) 6JCNGT %CDKPGV $GUEJTGKDWPI CNNGT DGMCPPV IGYQTFGPGP 6JC NGT $CPF 9KGP $CPF -CKUGT WPF -ÌPKIG (TQPVKURK\ :++ 5 $CPF WPF #DVGKNWPI )GKUVNKEJMGKV $NN 5 WPF $NN 5 $CPF WPF #DVGKNWPI 9GNVNKEJG *GTTGP #PJCNV *GPPGDGTI $NN 5 :8++ 5 #DVGKNWPIGP GKPJGKVNKEJ KP $·PFGP KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP -CPVGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP 6CFGNNQUGU 'ZGORNCT //#)
52#0*'+/ ' &KUUGTVCVKQ FG RTCGUVCPKC GV WUW PWOKUOCVWO CPVKSWQTWO 4QO $NN 5 +PFGZ )CP\RGTICOGPV FGT <GKV NGKEJV DGUVQGP 2CRRDCPF WPF 4ÒEMGP NQEMGT 9CUUGTTCPF CWH FGP GTUVGP HÒPH 5GKVGP UGNVGPG 'TUVCWHNCIG
6+'21.1 . 6*'721.75 ( /WUGK 6JGWRQNK #PVKSWC 0WOKUOCVC 1NKO EQNNGEVC C ,QCPPG &QOK PKEQ 6JGWRQNQ CWEVC GV GFKVC C .CWTGPVKQ GV (TGFGTKEQ HTCVTKDWU 6JGWRQNKU 8GPGVKKU +: (CNVVHP 5 5 5 4GIKUVGT 5 'TTCVC u 2GTICOGPV FGT <GKV KP $·PFGP IGDWPFGP OKV &GEMGNRT·IWPI VCFGNNQU GTJCNVGP
61'.-'0 ' * 'TMN·TGPFGU 8GT\GKEJPK FGT CPVKMGP XGTVKGHV IGUEJPKVVGPGP 5VGKPG FGT -ÌPKINKEJGP 2TGWKUEJGP )GOOGPUCOONWPI $GTNKP .:8+++ 5 *CNDNGFGT 'EMGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
/KV $GUKV\GTGVKMGVV
.
6140$'4) % , 0WOK %WHKEK 4GIKK 0WOQRJ[NCEKK *QNOKGPUKU SWQU QOPGU KP VGTTC 5WGEKCG TGRGTVQU 7RRUCNC .:::8+++ 5 6HP u 1TKI $TQUEJWT WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP 4ÒEMGP NGKEJV GKPIG TKUUGP //#) 5GJT UGNVGP
22
BIBLIOPHILE WERKE .
.
64+'4 & , 9 'KPNGKVWPI \W FGT 9CRGP -WPUV 0GWG #WHNCIG .GKR\KI %CTN .WFYKI ,CEQDK (TQPVKURK\ 5 OKV #DD 6HP (CNVVHP 4GIKUVGT -N u <GKVIGPÌUUKUEJGT )CP\NGFGTGKPDCPF OKV $ÒPFGP IQNFGPG 4ÒEMGPXGT\KGTWPI 4ÒEMGP NGKEJV DGUEJ·FKIV XQTFGTG (CN\ OKPKOCN GKPIGTKUUGP
8#6'4 & , 5 5[PEJTQPKUVKUEJG 6CHGNP FGT -KTEJGPIGUEJKEJVG XQO 7TURTWPIG FGU %JTKUVGPVJWOU DKU CWH FKG IGIGPY·TVKIG <GKV *CNNG 5 'KP\GNPG $NN -NGKPGT 9CUUGTTCPF CWH FGP GTUVGP 5GK VGP +PPGPGKPDCPF VGKNYGKUG CDIGNÌUV *CNDNGFGT DGUVQGP
8GTOGTM \WO 6QF FGU #WVQTU KO 8QTUCV\
.
9#)'05'+. % , 8GTUWEJ GKPGT )GUEJKEJVG FGT 5VCFV #WIUDWTI 'KP .GUGDWEJ HÒT CNNG 5V·PFG #WIUDWTI : 5 2CRRDCPF DGUVQGP 9CUUGTHNGEMGP CWH FGP 5 WPF
.
9'+./';4 ( : #NNIGOGKPGU 0WOKUOCVKUEJGU .GZKEQP QFGT /ÒP\ 9ÌTVGTDWEJ \WO PÒV\NKEJGP )GDTCWEJG WPF 7PVGTTKEJV LGFGP 5VCPFGU WPF )GYGTDGU 6JGKN 5CN\DWTI 5 -WRHGTVHP &KG 6CHGN UKPF NQUG 2CRRDCPF OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
9'+5' # % 8QNNUV·PFKIGU )WNFGP %CDKPGV KP FGT 1TFPWPI FGU OCFCKUEJGP 6JCNGT %CDKPGVU $CPF 0ÒTPDGTI /CTVKP ,CEQD $CWGT 5 5 4GIKUVGT u 2CRRD·PFG OKPKOCN DGUVQGP .KRUKWU 5
.
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN CWH FGO 6KVGNDNCVV WPF CWH FGT NGV\VGP 5GKVG
73
.
8QNNUV·PFKIGU )WNFGP %CDKPGV KP FGT 1TFPWPI FGU OCFCKUEJGP 6JCNGT %CDKPGVU $CPF 0ÒTPDGTI /CTVKP ,CEQD $CWGT 5 u 2CRRDCPF OKPKOCN DGUVQGP # .KRUKWU 5
.
9'.<. 810 9'..'0*'+/ . 8GT\GKEJPKU FGT /ÒP\ WPF /GFCKNNGP 5COONWPI -CVCNQI FGT ÌHHGPVNKEJGP 8GTUVGKIGTWPI 9KGP $CPF ++ 5 OKV 0TP *CNDNGKPGP 'KPDCPF GVYCU DGUVQGP NGKEJV UVQEMHNGEMKI 4ÒEMGP FGHGMV &WTEJUEJQUUGPGU 'ZGORNCT 0KEJV XQNNUV·PFKI
8GT\GKEJPKU FGT /ÒP\ WPF /GFCKNNGP 5COONWPI -CVCNQI FGT ÌHHGPVNKEJGP 8GTUVGKIGTWPI XQO WPF 9KGP $CPF 5 OKV 0TP $CPF ++ 5 OKV FGP 0TP WPF 8GT\GKEJPKU GKPGT 5COONWPI XQP 1TKIKPCN 5KGIGNUV·ORGNP 9KGP 5 OKV 0TP +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP VGKNYGKUG UVQEMHNGEMKI #
.
/KV $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM - - *QHDWEJJCPFNWPI 9KNJGNO (TKEM
.
8GT\GKEJPKU FGT /ÒP\ WPF /GFCKNNGP 5COONWPI -CVCNQI FGT ÌHHGPVNKEJGP 8GTUVGKIGTWPI 9KGP $CPF 5 OKV 0TP WPF 8GT\GKEJPKU GKPGT 5COONWPI XQP 1TKIKPCN 5KGIGNUVGO RGNP 5 OKV 0TP $CPF + 5 OKV 0TP )TÌGPVCDGNNG 4GIKUVGT WPF 8GT \GKEJPKU PWOKUOCVKUEJGT $ÒEJGT 5 OKV 0TP $CPF ++ 5 OKV 0TP 4GIKUVGT $CPF )CP\NGKPGP 4ÒEMGP NQUG GVYCU DGUVQGP WPF VGKNYGKUG NGKEJV UVQEMHNGEMKI =/KV 'Z NKDTKU 1VVQ 5EJW NGPDWTI? $CPF + ++ KP $·PFGP GKPJGKVNKEJ KP *CNDNGFGT OKV CWHIGMNGDVGP CNVGP 4ÒEMGP IGDWPFGP /CPEJOCN NGKEJV UVQEMHNGEMKI =/KV 'Z NKDTKU 1VVQ 5EJWNGPDWTI? &C\W *CPFUEJTKHVNKEJGT #WU\WI CWU FGT 5COONWPI 9GN\N XQP 9GNNGPJGKO 5 4GIKUVGT *CNDNGFGT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP //#)
23
ALLGEMEINE NUMISMATIK .
9+&/'4 / , XQP &QOWU 9KVVGNUDCEJGPUKU PWOKUOCVKEC 1FGT 5COONWPI CNNGT GZKUVKGTGPFGP /ÒP \GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGU FWTEJNCWEJVKIUVGP YKVVGNUDCEJKUEJGP 5VCOOJCWUGU FGT NWFQXK\KPKUEJGP WPF TWFQN RJKPKUEJGP .KPKG CNU XQP 1VVQ FGO )TÌGTGP DKU \WT IGIGPY·TVKI INQTYÒTFKIUVGP 4GIKGTWPI -CTN 6JGQ FQTU $CPF *GHV /ÒPEJGP +PIQNUVCFV (TQPVKURK\ 5 OKV #DD 6HP 5COONWPI CNNGT DGMCPPVGP &GPM 5EJCW WPF CPFGTGT /ÒP\GP FGU &WTEJNGWEJVKIUVGP 2HCN\DCKGTKUEJGP *CWUGU CWU FGO WTCNVGP 9KVVGNUDCEJKUEJGP )GUEJNGEJVG 8QP FGT .WFYKIKUEJGP QFGT $CKGTKUEJGP .KPKG KPUDGUQPFGTG 'TUVGU 5VÒEM 5 5VCOOVH 6HP XQP FGT 4WFQNRJKPKUEJGP QFGT RHCN\IT·HKUEJGP .KPKG KPU DGUQPFGTG 'TUVGU 5VÒEM /ÒPEJGP 5 5VCOOVH 6HP <YG[VGU DGUQPFGTGU 2H·N\K UEJGU 5VWEM =/ÒPEJGP ? 5 6HP 5VCOOVH +P \YGK $·PFGP IGDWPFGP 2CRR DCPF 'KPDCPF DGUEJ·FKIV WPF $KPFWPI NQEMGT +P $CPF CWH FGP GTUVGP 5 MNGKPGT 9CUUGTUEJCFGP /KV GKPKIGP #POGTMWPIGP 6GKNYGKUG MQNQTKGTVG -WRHGTVHP +PJCNV GVYCU UVQEMHNGEMKI UQPUV VCFGNNQU
&QOWU 9KVVGNUDCEJGPUKU PWOKUOCVKEC 1FGT 5COONWPI CNNGT GZKUVKGTGPFGP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGU FWTEJNCWEJVKIUVGP YKVVGNUDCEJKUEJGP 5VCOOJCWUGU FGT NWFQXK\KPKUEJGP WPF TWFQNRJKPKUEJGP .KPKG CNU XQP 1VVQ FGO )TÌGTGP DKU \WT IGIGPY·TVKI INQTYÒTFKIUVGP 4GIKGTWPI -CTN 6JGQFQTU $CPF *GHV /ÒPEJGP +PIQNUVCFV (TQPVKURK\ 5 OKV #DD 6HP 6H HGJNV XQP FGT 4WFQNRJKPKUEJGP QFGT RHCN\IT·HKUEJGP .KPKG KPU DGUQPFGTG 'TUVGU 5VÒEM /ÒPEJGP 5 5VCOOVH 6HP <YG[VGU DGUQPFGTGU 2H·N\KUEJGU 5VWEM =/ÒPEJGP ? 5 6HP 5VCOOVH +P \YGK $·PFGP IGDWPFGP 2CRRDCPF OKPKOCN DGUVQGP /KV YGPKIGP #POGTMWPIGP +PJCNV GVYCU UVQEMHNGEMKI UQPUV VCFGNNQU
&QOWU 9KVVGNUDCEJGPUKU PWOKUOCVKEC 1FGT 5COONWPI CNNGT GZKUVKGTGPFGP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGU FWTEJNCWEJVKIUVGP YKVVGNUDCEJKUEJGP 5VCOOJCWUGU XQP FGT 4WFQNRJKPKUEJGP QFGT RHCN\IT·HKUEJGP .KPKG KPU DGUQPFGTG 'TUVGU 5VÒEM /ÒPEJGP 5 5VCOOVH 5 6HP 6KVGNDNCVV FGU 5VÒEMGU WPF 8GTDGUUGTWPIGP FGU 5VÒEMGU HCNUEJ GKPIGDWPFGP 5COONWPI CNNGT DGMCPPVGP &GPM 5EJCW WPF CPFGTGT /ÒP\GP FGU &WTEJNGWEJVKIUVGP 2HCN\DCKGTKUEJGP *CWUGU CWU FGO WTCNVGP 9KVVGNU DCEJKUEJGP )GUEJNGEJVG 8QP FGT .WFYKIKUEJGP QFGT $CKGTKUEJGP .KPKG KPUDGUQPFGTG 'TUVGU 5VÒEM 5 5VCOOVH 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGFGT IGDWPFGP 'KPDCPF DGUEJ·FKIV WPF $KPFWPI NQEMGT
'Z NKDTKU , ) .QTK *CPFUEJTKHVNKEJG $GUKV\GTXGTOGTMG W C KP $CPF $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM XQP $GKGTNGKP
.
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN XQP &T ( : 9GK\KPIGT %Q
.
/101)4#2*+'0 #..)'/'+0' 07/+5/#6+- '+0(ª*470)'0 .':+-# 24'+5$ª%*'4 .
%.#+0 56'(#0'..+ ' 5GNGEV 0WOKUOCVKE $KDNKQITCRJ[ 0GY ;QTM : 5 OKV 0TP )CP\NGKPGP
.
)#/$'4+0+ &+ 5%#4( # % 5VWFKQ UWN NÌYGPVJCNGT GF KN OG\\Q NÌYGPVJCNGT FGNNG 2TQXKPEG 7PKVG F 1NCPFC G UWNNG NQTQ KOKVC\KQPK G EQPVTCHHC\KQPK KVCNKCPG G UVTCPKGTG $TGUEKC 5 OKV #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT 0WOOGTKGTVGU 'ZGORNCT
*#.. ' 6 /'6%#.( & / /GVJQFU QH %JGOKECN CPF /GVCNNWTIKECN +PXGUVKICVKQP QH #PEKGPV %QKPCIG # U[ORQUKWO JGNF D[ VJG 4Q[CN 0WOKUOCVKE 5QEKGV[ CV $WTNKPIVQP *QWUG 405 5RGEKCN 2WDNK ECVKQP .QPFQP 8+++ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
,'0-+05 ) - -ª6*'/#00 * 576*'4.#0& % * 8 W C &KG 9GNV FGT /ÒP\GP /ÒP\GP FGT )TKGEJGP /ÒP\GP FGT 4ÌOGT /ÒP\GP XQP $[\CP\ /ÒP\GP FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU /QFGTPG /ÒP\GP /ÒP\GP FGT 0GW\GKV /ÒPEJGP (TKDQWTI )CP\NGKPGP
-10)4'55$'4+%*6' , $#$'.10 , .#(#74+' *TUI %QPIT½U +PVGTPCVKQPCN FG 0WOKUOCVK SWG 2CTKU ,WKNNGV 6GKNG KP GKPGP $CPF IGDWPFGP 2CTKU ::+ 5 +: 5 OKV 6GZVCDD )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
' $1'*4+0)'4 *TUI 9KUUGPUEJCHVNKEJG #DJCPFNWPIGP FGU FGWVUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKMGTVCIGU KP )ÌV VKPIGP )ÌVVKPIGP W C 5 6HP .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI
.
* # %#*0 ) .' 4+&'4 *TUI #EVGU FW ½OG %QPIT½U +PVGTPCVKQPCN FG 0WOKUOCVKSWG 0GY ;QTM 9CUJKPIVQP #+02 $·PFG 2CTKU $CUGN :+8 5 6HP .GKPGP % #.(#41 % /#4%15 2 16'41 *TUI :+++ %QPITGUQ +PVGTPCEKQPCN FK 0WOKUO±VKEC $·PFG /CFTKF 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD 5 OKV XKGNGP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP FC\W # 5748'; 1( 07/+5/#6+% 4'5'#4%* 1TKI $TQUEJWT
) &'2';416 6 *#%-'05 ) /17%*#46' *TUI 4[VJOGU FG NC 2TQFWEVKQP /QP¾VCKTG FG N #PVKSWKV¾ ¯ PQU ,QWTU #EVGU FW %QNNQSWG +PVGTPCVKQPCN 1TICPKU¾ ¯ 2CTKU FW CW ,CPXKGT .QWXCKPG .C 0GWXG :8+ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
6 *#%-'05 ) /17%*#46' *TUI 0WOKUOCVKSWG GV JKUVQKTG ¾EQPQOKSWG RJ¾PKEKGPPGU GV RW PKSWGU #EVGU FW %QNNQSWG VGPW ¯ .QWXCKP NC 0GWXG /CK 0WOKUOCVKEC .QXCPKGPUKC .QWXCKP NC 0GWXG :+++ 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
% ' -+0) & ) 9+)) *TUI %QKP (KPFU CPF %QKP 7UG KP VJG 4QOCP 9QTNF 6JG VJKTVGGPVJ 1ZHQTF 5[ORQUKWO QP %QKPCIG CPF /QPGVCT[ *KUVQT[ 5VWFKGP \WT (WPFOÒP\G FGT #PVKMG
5 OKV 6HP WPF #DD $TQUEJKGTV
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24
ANTIKE ALLGEMEIN .
.
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, 01.. $ 18'4$'%- 2 9'+55 *TUI +PVGTPCVKQPCNGU -QNNQSWKWO \WT MCKUGT\GKVNKEJGP /ÒP\ RT·IWPI -NGKPCUKGPU #RTKN KP FGT 5VCCVNKEJGP /ÒP\UCOONWPI /ÒPEJGP 0QOKUOCVC /KNCPQ 5 FCXQP 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
-70&/#00 , % 0WOOK 5KPIWNCTGU 1FGT UQPFGTDCTG 6JCNGT WPF /ÒPV\GP UQ QHHV YGIGP GKPGT MNGKPGP /CTSWG QFGT VJGKN EQWTKGWUGP *KUVQTKG VJGKNU HCDGNJCHHVGP /·JTEJGP XQP FGPGP /ÒPV\ .KGDJC DGTP JQEJIGUEJ·V\GV $TGUNCW WPF .GKR\KI 5 8GT\GKEJPKU 6HP *CNDRGTICOGPV 'EMGP WPF -CPVGP DGUVQGP
.110 ) XCP %QPVGORQTCT[ 0WOKUOCVKEU $GKPI C VTGCVKUG CDQWV 6JG 1TKIKP QH /QPG[ VJG FGXGNQR OGPV CPF FKUVKPIWKUJKPI HGCVWTGU QH EQOOGOQTCVKXG OGFCNU 6JG PCVWTG QH CPF OGVJQFU QH TGEMQPKPI YKVJ ,GVVQPU *QY VJG CPEKGPVU FKF VJGKT ECNEWNCVKQPU 6JG QTKIKP QH 0WOGTCNU /CIKE %QKPU CPF 'OGT IGPE[ /QPG[ 0CEJFTWEM .GKFGP FGT #WUICDG &GP *CCI : 5 5 $KDNKQITCRJKG WPF +PFGZ )CP\NGKPGP PGWYGTVKI
0T FKGUGT #WHNCIG OKV 'ZGORNCTGP
.
/#08+..' * ' 41$'46510 6 , $TKVKUJ 0WOKUOCVKE #WEVKQP %CVCNQIWGU 'PE[ENQ RCGFKC QH $TKVKUJ 0WOKUOCVKEU 8QNWOG /CPWUMTKRVFTWEM 1ZHQTF 5 )CP\GKPGP
.
5'+&'. - & &KG FGWVUEJG )GNFIGUGV\IGDWPI UGKV /ÒPEJGP :::8+ 5 )CP\NGKPGP
.
9+.$'4) / 4GIGPVGP 6CDGNNGP (TCPMHWTV CP FGT 1FGT 8++ 5 *CNDNGKPGP /KV #POGT MWPIGP KO 6GZV
.
-1081.76 -QPXQNWV XQP /QPQITCRJKGP WPF #WMVKQPUMCVCNQIGP \W XGTUEJKGFGPGP 6JGOGP FGT 0W OKUOCVKM W C )¤$. 0WOKUOCVKM /#;'4 'NNYCPIGP 5'..+'4 (TGKUKPI DTQUEJKGTV 41*4'4
*TUI 5CN\DWTIGT /ÒP\TGEJV 0+)). &KTKIGPVGP *'55 .W\GTP MCVCNQI XQO -4'55 #WMVKQP )QRRGN 2NWO *QNNGT 516*'$; <ÒTKEJ /GVTQRQNKVCP /WUGWO #PEKGPV %QKPU 2CTV + ++ 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWPFGP
.
/QPQITCRJKGP \WT CNNIGOGKPGP WPF FGWVUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM 6 )T·HKP -.'0#7 &GWVUEJGU /ÒP\RTGKU ,CJTDWEJ UQYKG * -475; )GIGPUVGORGN CWH /ÒP\GP FGU 5R·VOKVVGNCNVGTU * -7*0 )GRT·IVG (QTO )QGVJGU /QTRJQNQIKG WPF FKG /ÒP\MWPUV , 2146'175 /ÒP\GP )G UEJKEJVG WPF $GFGWVWPI KP 9KTVUEJCHV 2QNKVKM WPF -WNVWT ) 241$5<6 9GUGP WPF 9CPFGN FGT /ÒP \GP # 4+'%*/#00 9CTWO WPF YKG UCOOGNV OCP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 2 0 5%*7.6'0 &GWVUEJG /ÒP\GP CWU FGT <GKV -CTNU 8 % 5%*9#.$#%* &KG PGWGUVGP FGWVUEJGP 6JCNGT &QRRGNV JCNGT WPF &QRRGNIWNFGP 2 1 5+).'4 5[EGG 5KNXGT 00/ 2 9 56ª4/'4 8GT\GKEJPKU WPF )GRT·IG FGT ITQDGP WPF MNGKPGP /ÒP\UQTVGP 4 5 ;'1/#0 # ECVCNQI QH OQFGTP YQTNF EQKPU &C\W FKG <GKVUEJTKHV &GT /ÒP\GPUCOONGT 8GTUEJKGFGPG #WUICDGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP *GHVG
.
<CJNTGKEJG /QPQITCRJKGP WPF -NGKPUEJTKHVGP \WT CNNIGOGKPGP 0WOKUOCVKM W C * $7%*'0#7 )TWPFTK FGT /ÒP\MWPFG .GKR\KI WPF $GTNKP # 9'0<'. #WHNÌUWPIGP NCVGKPKUEJGT .GIGPFGP CWH /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $TCWPUEJYGKI ' %.#+0 56'(#0'..+ 5GNGEV 0WOKUOCVKE $KDNKQ ITCRJ[ 0GY ;QTM * )416' 5VCOOVCHGNP /KV #PJCPI %CNGPFCTKWO OGFKK CGXK .GKR\KI 9 4GPV\OCPP 0WOKUOCVKUEJGU 9CRRGP .GZKEQP $GTNKP +PFGZ WPF #VNCUDCPF 9 *1.6< #DMÒT\WPIGP CWH /ÒP\GP $TCWPUEJYGKI 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWPFGP
#06+-' #..)'/'+0 .
$#$'.10 , .G RQTVTCKV FCPU N CPVKSWKV¾ F CRT½U NGU OQPPCKGU 2CTKU 5 6HP OKV /ÒP\CDD )CP\NGKPGP OKV OQPVKGTVGP 6KVGNDNCVV FGT $TQUEJWT GKPKIG #PUVTGKEJWPIGP
.
$+5*12 , & *1..19#; 4 4 9JGCVQP %QNNGIG %QNNGEVKQP QH )TGGM CPF 4QOCP %QKPU #%0#% 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #
.
%#/2'.. 9 )TGGM CP 4QOCP RNCVGV EQKPU 0GY ;QTM #05 5 FCXQP \CJNTGKEJG #D DKNFWPIUVHP UQYKG 6CHGNCPJCPI 2CTV ++ 2NCVGU /ÒP\CDD UQYKG 9GKVGTHÒJTWPI FGT #DD DKU 6H $TQUEJKGTV
%*4+56 - #PVKMG /ÒP\HWPFG 5ÒFYGUVFGWVUEJNCPFU /ÒP\HWPFG )GNFYKTVUEJCHV WPF )GUEJKEJVG KO 4CWOG $CFGP 9ÒTVVGODGTIU XQP MGNVKUEJGT DKU KP CNNCOCPPKUEJG <GKV $CPF + *GKFGNDGTI 5 OKV #DD (CNVVHP )CP\NGKPGP &GEMGN OKV )QNFRT·IWPIGP VCFGNNQUGU WGTGU
.
)+'5'%-' 9 #PVKMGU )GNFYGUGP .GKR\KI (TQPVKURK\ +8 5 6HP )GDWPFGP
.
/+..'4 / &KG /ÒP\GP FGU #NVGTVWOU $GTNKP 8+++ 5 OKV 6HP *CNDNGFGT
.
4 #.(¤.&+ / #PVKMG 0WOKUOCVKM $·PFG /CKP\ :.8 5 6HP -CTVGP ::: 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
.
4').+0) - &KG CPVKMG /ÒP\G CNU -WPUVYGTM $GTNKP 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP
.
5#%-'0 ' XQP -'00'4 ( &KG 5COONWPIGP FGU M M /ÒP\ WPF #PVKMGP %CDKPGVGU 9KGP 5 OKV 6H 5R·VGTGT *CNDNGFGTGKPDCPF OKV $ÒPFGP WPF CNVGO /CTOQTRCRKGT FGT <GKV WPF )QNF
CO 4ÒEMGP UQYKG $NKPFUVGORGNXGT\KGTWPI CWH FGO &GEMGN KO 5VKN FGT <GKV
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25
ANTIKE - GRIECHEN .
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5#..'6 # X 2+%- $ W C $GUEJTGKDWPI FGT #PVKMGP /ÒP\GP =KP FGP MÌPKINKEJGP /WUGGP \W $GT NKP? $CPF 6CWTKUEJG %JGTUQPGUWU 5CTOCVKGP 2CPPQPKGP /QGUKGP 6JTCEKGP 6JTCEKUEJG -ÌPKIG $GTNKP 5 OKV 6GZVCDD 6HP OKV <KPMFTWEMGP )CP\NGKPGP ·WGTUV UGNVGP
5%*/+&6 4 ) 8GT\GKEJPKU FGT 1DGTUVNKGWVGPCPV ( 9 5EJOKFV UEJGP CPVKMGP /ÒP\UCOONWPI FGU 9KNJGNO 'TPUV )[OPCUKWOU JGTCWUIGIGDGP XQP 1 -PQVV 9GKOCT 5 OKV 0TP *CND NGKPGP DGUVQGP
<1)4#2* # 0 #PEKGPV %QKPCIG 2CTV 6JG )GPGTCN 2TQDNGOU QH #PEKGPV 0WOKUOCVKEU 2CTV 6JG #PEKGPV %QKPU QH VJG 0QTVJGTP $NCEM 5GC .KVVQTCN $#4 5WRRNGOGPVCT[ 5GTKGU 1ZHQTF 5 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT GVYCU DGUEJ·FKIV //#)
-1081.76 /QPQITCRJKGP 5QPFGTFTWEMG WPF #WHU·V\G \WT ITKGEJKUEJGP WPF TÌOKUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM W C XQP ) #5-'9 - $+55+0)'4 ) $47%- - &+664+%* # (.14#0%' 2 4 (4#0-' 9 (4'*0'4 4 )¤$. # *'55 / *+4/'4 - -'4'0;+ . / .#0%-14105-+ ' -0+66'45%*'+& * -ª*0'4 2 .# $#7/' . / .#0%-14105-+
- .#0)' / /+..'4 - 2(+56'4 # 8 5#..'6 , 8 5%*.155'4 9 5%*9#$#%*'4 . 5%*9#$' & 5%*9#4< . /+.&'0$'4) * # 5'#$; , -1<1.7$5-+ % 5'.6/#0
/QPQITCRJKGP \WT CPVKMGP 0WOKUOCVKM / XQP $#*4('.&6 &KG /ÒP\UCOONWPI FGU 4QGOGT /WUG WOU \W *KNFGUJGKO # . $'..+0)'4 0WOKUOCVKE PQVGU CPF OQPQITCRJU / $'40*#46 *CCT VTCEJVGP TÌOKUEJGT -CKUGTKPPGP CWH /ÒP\GP * # %#*0 )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP - &+664+%* #PVKMG /ÒP\GP CWU 1NDKC WPF 2CPVKMCRCWO -¤0+).+%*' /75''0 <7 $'4.+0 $GUEJTGKDWPI FGT CPVKMGP /ÒP\GP 4 /ª056'4$'4) &KG $GCOVGPPCOGP CWH FGP ITKGEJKUEJGP /ÒP\GP $ 2+%- &KG 2GTUQ PGP WPF )ÌVVGTPCOGP CWH -CKUGTOÒP\GP XQP $[\CPVKQP 5& CWU FGT 9KGPGT PWOKUOCVKUEJGP <GKVUEJTKHV $CPF / 2+0&'4 &KG CPVKMGP /ÒP\GP 4 2156'. -CVCNQI FGT CPVKMGP /ÒP\GP KP FGT *CO DWTIGT -WPUVJCNNG $·PFG 52#4-#55' 4')'05$74) 4ÌOKUEJGT 5EJCV\HWPF ( 56'(#0 /ÒP\MWPFG FGU #NVGTVWOU ) 9')'/#00 &KG /ÒP\GP FGT -TGW\HCJTGTUVCCVGP # % ' XQP 9'4.*1( *CPFDWEJ FGT )TKGEJKUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM
-QPXQNWV CWU $ÒEJGTP $#$'.10 , &CWGTPFGT CNU 'T\ &19.' # (+00 2 %QKPU HQT RNGC UWTG CPF KPXGUVOGPV -1%*5 * )GRT·IVGU )QNF .#0)' - /ÒP\DKNFPKUUG CWU \YGK ,CJTVCWUGPFGP /#&5#%- ' /ÒP\GP CWU GKPGT PQTFFGWVUEJGP 2TKXCVUCOONWPI 2146'175 , /ÒP\GP 'TNGUGPG .KGDJCDGTGKGP 241$5<6 ) )QNFOÒP\GP 5%* ('4 ' 0GWGUVG /ÒP\MWPFG 9+'.#0&6 ( /ÒP\GP WPF $CWVGP 64'+%*.+0)'4 9 / &CU )GNF 5GKPG )GUEJKEJVG KP )GUEJKEJVGP 9#)'0(ª*4 * &GT IQNFGPG -QORCUU &KG )GNFIGUEJ·HVG ITQUUGT *GTTGP
&KXGTUG /QPQITCRJKGP ÒDGT CPVKMG 0WOKUOCVKM FCTWPVGT / 4 #.(¤.&+ /GVJQFGP FGT CPVKMGP 0W OKUOCVKM &CTOUVCFV - -4#(6 )GUCOOGNVG #WHU·V\G \WT CPVKMGP )GNFIGUEJKEJVG WPF 0WOKU OCVKM + WPF ++ &CTOUVCFV W $·PFG , (4+'&.#'0&'4 4GRGTVQTKWO \WT CPVKMGP 0W OKUOCVKM $GTNKP $ 8 *'#& *KUVQTKC 0WOQTWO # OCPWCN QH )TGGM PWOKUOCVKEU 1ZHQTF .:::8+++ 5 OKV XKGNGP 6GZVCDD 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP DGUVQGP # XQP 5#..'6 -ÌPKINKEJG /WUGGP \W $GTNKP $GUEJTGKDWPI FGT CPVKMGP /ÒP\GP $·PFG $GTNKP .GKPGP 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWPFGP
-QPXQNWV XQP /QPQITCRJKGP 5QPFGTFTWEMGP WPF #WHU·V\GP \WT CPVKMGP 0WOKUOCVKM +PVGTGUUCPVGU -QPXQNWV OKV XKGNGP 5VCPFCTFYGTMGP 8GTUEJKGFGPG 'KPD·PFG
)4+'%*'0 .
#%37#41 ' /QPGVG 2WPKEJG PGNNG EQNNG\KQPK KVCNKCPG $QNNGVKPQ FK 0WOKUOCVKEC /QPQITCHKC 4QO 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD WPF 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
#-#4%# # .GU OQPPCKGU ITGESWGU FG /[NCUC $KDNKQVJ½SWG #TEJ¾QNQIKSWG GV *KUVQTKSWG FG N +PUVKVWV (TCP¼CKU F #TEJ¾QNQIKG F +UVCPDWN 2CTKU 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP //#)
.
#/#0&4; / 4'/; $ .GU OQPPCKGU FG NyCVGNKGT FG 5GDCUVQRQNKU FW RQPV 2CTKU 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
#01-*+0 8 # 6JG %QKPCIG QH %JGTUQPGUWU +8 %GPVWT[ $ % :++ %GPVWT[ # & $#4 +PVGTPCVKQ PCN 5GTKGU 1ZHQTF 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
#010;/ )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP (CU\KPCVKQP WPF )GUEJKEJVG #WH\GKEJPWPIGP GKPGU 5COONGTU 1UPC DTÒEM 5 OKV HCTDKIGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV
5COONWPIUDGUEJTGKDWPI OKV XKGNGP -QOOGPVCTGP FGU 5COONGTU WPF #DDKNFWPIGP KP HCPVCUVKUEJGT 3WCNKV·V
.
. 26
#06+-' /ª0<'0 014& )4+'%*'0.#0&5 $ 2+%- &KG CPVKMGP /ÒP\GP XQP &CEKGP WPF /QGUKP &KG CPVKMGP /ÒP\GP 0QTF )TKGEJGPNCPFU + *CNDD·PFG $GTNKP /QGUKC 5WRGTKQT 8KOKPCEKWO 5 FC\W 1TKIKPCNVCHGNCWUUEJPKVV FGT 6H OKV FGP #DD XQP 8KOKPQEKWO &CEKGP WPF /QGUKGP /CTMKCPQRQNKU 5 6H WPF 1TKI 6CHGNCWUUEJPKVV FGT 6H OKV #DD XQP /CTMKCPQRQNKU +P $·PFGP KP GKPJGKVNKEJGO *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP
#401.& $+7%%*+ % 6JG 4CPFC\\Q *QCTF CPF 5KEKNKCP %JTQPQNQI[ KP VJG 'CTN[ (KHVJ %GP VWT[ $ % 05 0GY ;QTM (TQPVKURK\ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
ANTIKE - GRIECHEN .
#45.#0 ' # /QPGVC\KQPG CWTGC GF CTIGPVGC FGK $TGVVKK )NCWZ /KNCPQ 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV //#)
.
#45.#0 / .+)*6(116 % )TGGM EQKP JQCTFU KP VWTMG[ #PMCTC 5 6HP )CP\NGK PGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI
.
#6.#0 5 7PVGTUWEJWPIGP Ã&#x2019;DGT FKG UKFGVKUEJGP /Ã&#x2019;P\GP FGU WPF ,CJTJWPFGTVU X %JT 7PVGTUW EJWPIGP KP FGT )GIGPF XQP #PVCN[C #PMCTC ::+ 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT //#)
6Ã&#x2019;TMKUEJGT WPF FGWVUEJGT 6GZV /KV 9KFOWPI FGT 8GTHCUUGTKP
.
#66+#0'5' 2 -TQVQP .G OQPGVG FK DTQP\Q 5QXGTKC /CPPGNNK 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP 6GZ VCDD )CP\NGKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI
.
#7.1%- * XQP &KG /Ã&#x2019;P\RT·IWPI FGU )QTFKCP +++ WPF FGT 6TCPSWKNNKPC KP .[MKGP +UVCPDWNGT /KV VGKNWPIGP $GKJGHVG 6Ã&#x2019;DKPIGP 5 DGKNKGIGPFG 6HP DGKIGNGIVG -CTVG 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI #
.
/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF 5V·FVG .[MCQPKGPU +UVCPDWNGT /KVVGKNWPIGP $GKJGHV 6Ã&#x2019;DKPIGP 5 6HP (CNVMCTVG 1TKI $TQUEJWT #
.
/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF 5V·FVG 2KUKFKGPU +UVCPDWNGT /KVVGKNWPIGP $GKJGHV WPF 6GKNG 6Ã&#x2019;DKPIGP 5 6HP 5 6HP -CTVG $GKFG KP 1TKI $TQUEJWT #
.
/Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF 5V·FVG 2JT[IKGPU +UVCPDWNGT /KVVGKNWPIGP $GKJGHV WPF 6GKNG 6Ã&#x2019;DKPIGP 5 6HP 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
$#$'.10 ' %CVCNQIWG FGU OQPPCKGU ITGESWGU FG NC $KDNKQVJ½SWG 0CVKQPCNG .GU 2GTUGU #EJ¾O¾PK FGU NGU UCVTCRGU GV NGU F[PCUVGU VTKDWVCKTGU FG NGWT GORKTG %[RTG 2J¾PKEKG 2CTKU %:%+8 OKV YGPKIGP #DD 5 6HP 2TCEJVXQNNGT *CNDNGFGTGKPDCPF OKV -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV //#)
+O 8QTUCV\ DGHKPFGV UKEJ UQYQJN GKP 'Z NKDTKU CNU CWEJ GKP $GUKV\GTUVGORGN XQP 'F ( 9GDGT
132
.
%CVCNQIWG FGU OQPPCKGU ITGESWGU FG NC $KDNKQVJ½SWG 0CVKQPCNG .GU TQKU FG 5[TKG F #TOGPKG GV FG %QOOCI½PG 2CTKU %%::++ 5 6HP (CNVVH 2TCEJVXQNNGT *CNDNGFGTGKPDCPF OKV -QRH IQNFUEJPKVV //#)
+O 8QTUCV\ DGHKPFGV UKEJ UQYQJN GKP 'Z NKDTKU CNU CWEJ GKP $GUKV\GTUVGORGN XQP 'F ( 9GDGT
.
$#.&9+0 $4'66 # /WUGWO QH (KPG #TVU $QUVQP %CVCNQIWG QH )TGGM %QKPU 7PXGT·PFGTVGT 0CEJFTWEM 0GY ;QTM FGT #WUICDG $QUVQP (TQPVKURK\ :8+ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#) &C\W /WUGWO QH (KPG #TVU $QUVQP )TGGM %QKPU $QUVQP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
$#.&9+0 # 5[ODQNKUO QP )TGGM %QKPU 5& CWU #OGTKECP ,QWTPCN QH 0WOKUOCVKEU 0CEJ FTWEM 0GY ;QTM 5 OKV 6GZVCDD 6HP -WPUVNGFGT
.
6JG 'NGEVTWO CPF UKNXGT EQKPU QH %JKQU 0CEJFTWEM %JKECIQ FGT 'TUVCWUICDG 0GY ;QTM 5 OKV GKPKIGP 6GZVCDD &QRRGNVHP )CP\NGKPGP #
27
ANTIKE - GRIECHEN .
$#4#/-+ & % 6JG %QKP %QNNGEVKQP QH VJG #OGTKECP 7PKXGTUKV[ QH $GKTWV /WUGWO 2CNGUVKPG CPF 2JQGPKEKC $GKTWV :+ 5 FCXQP 6HP .GKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP //#)
.
$#4410 , 2 6JG 5KNXGT %QKPU QH 5COQU .QPFQP :++ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
$#75.#7)* 4 # 5KNXGT %QKPCIG YKVJ VJG 6[RGU QH #GUKNNCU VJG 3WCGUVQT 05 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
$'40#4& 2 (QWKNNGU F #Å -JCPQWO $CPF .GU OQPPCKGU JQTU VT¾UQTU 3WGUVKQPU F JKUVQKTG )T¾EQ $CEVTKGPPG /¾OQKTGU FG NC &¾N¾ICVKQP #TEJ¾QNQIKSWG (TCP¼CKUG GP #HIJCPKUVCP 2CTKU :+: 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
$'40*#4& 1 &GT #FNGT CWH ITKGEJKUEJGP WPF TÌOKUEJGP /ÒP\GP 5& CWU 504 5 OKV #DD KO 6GZV 6HP *CNDNGFGT
.
5GJT UGNVGP
.
)TKGEJKUEJG WPF TÌOKUEJG /ÒP\DKNFGT KP KJTGP $G\KGJWPIGP \WT )GUEJKEJVG FGT /GFK\KP 8GTÌHHGPVNK EJWPIGP FGT 5EJYGK\GTKUEJGP )GUGNNUEJCHV HÒT )GUEJKEJVG FGT /GFK\KP WPF FGT 0CVWTYKUUGPUEJCHVGP <ÒTKEJ W C 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT
.
$1&'056'&6 ( 2JQM·KUEJGU 'NGMVTQP )GNF XQP X %JT 5VWFKGP \WT $GFGWVWPI WPF \W FGP 9CPFNWPIGP GKPGT CPVKMGP )QNFY·JTWPI /CKP\ 5 6HP .GKPGP
.
2JQM·KUEJGU 'NGMVTQP )GNF XQP X %JT 5VWFKGP \WT $GFGWVWPI WPF \W FGP 9CPFNWPIGP GKPGT CPVKMGP )QNFY·JTWPI /CKP\ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF
.
&KG 'NGMVTQPOÒP\GP XQP 2JQMCKC WPF /[VKNGPG 6ÒDKPIGP : 5 6HP FCXQP KP (CTDG )CP\NGKPGP 6CFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF //#)
.
$1'*4+0)'4 ' &KG /ÒP\GP XQP 5[TCMWU $GTNKP 8+++ 5 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGFGT IGDWPFGP 4ÒEMGP OKV )QNFXGT\KGTWPIGP RTCEJVXQNNG 'TJCNVWPI
.
$12'#4#%*%*+ 1 4#*/#0 # 74 2TG -WUJCPC %QKPU KP 2CMKUVCP -CTCEJK 5 /ÒP\GP CWH (CTDVHP CDIGDKNFGV -WPUVNGFGT 'KPDCPF HNGEMKI //#)
.
$15%* % &KG MNGKPCUKCVKUEJGP /ÒP\GP FGT TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT\GKV 6GKN 'KP\GNWPVGTUWEJWPIGP $CPF $KVJ[PKGP =OGJT PKEJV GTUEJKGPGP? 5VWVVICTV :++ 5 *CNDNGKPGP //#)
/KV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGO $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM XQP ' $GEMGPDCWGT CWH FGO 6KVGNDNCVV
.
$176+0 5 %CVCNQIWG FG OQPPCKGU ITGESWGU CPVKSWGU FG NʼnCPEKGPPG EQNNGEVKQP 2Q\\K /QPPCKGU HTCRR¾GU GP 'WTQRG $·PFG /CCUVTKEJV :++ 5 6HP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
$4+%#7.6 . 5[NNQIG 0WOOQTWO 4GNKIKQPKU +UKCECG GV 5CTCRKCECG 504+5 2CTKU 5 OKV #DD -CTVGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
$4+6+5* /75'7/ %#6#.1)7' # %CVCNQIWG QH VJG )TGGM %QKPU KP VJG $TKVKUJ /WUGWO 6JGU UCN[ VQ #GVQNKC $CPF .QPFQP .8+++ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP IGTKPIHÒIKI DGUVQGP
.
# %CVCNQIWG QH VJG )TGGM %QKPU KP VJG $TKVKUJ /WUGWO 2GNQRQPPGUWU $CPF .QPFQP .:+8 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP IGTKPIHÒIKI DGUVQGP
.
# %CVCNQIWG QH VJG )TGGM %QKPU KP VJG $TKVKUJ /WUGWO #VVKEC /GICTKU #GIKPC $CPF .QPFQP .:+: 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP GKPKIG 6CHGNP NQUG
.
# %CVCNQIWG QH VJG )TGGM %QKPU KP VJG $TKVKUJ /WUGWO %QTKPVJ %QNQPKGU QH %QTKPVJ GVE $CPF .QPFQP .:8+++ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP IGTKPIHÒIKI DGUVQGP
.
# %CVCNQIWG QH VJG )TGGM %QKPU KP VJG $TKVKUJ /WUGWO )TGGM EQKPU QH +QPKC $CPF .QPFQP .8++ 5 6HP (CNVMCTVG )CP\NGKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP $KPFWPI OKPKOCN IGNQEMGTV
.
# %CVCNQIWG QH VJG )TGGM %QKPU KP VJG $TKVKUJ /WUGWO )TGGM EQKPU QH 6TQCU #GQNKU CPF .GUDQU $CPF .QPFQP .:::+++ 5 6HP (CNVMCTVG )CP\NGKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
$740'66 # #/#0&4; / 4+21.. 5 2 2 4QOCP 2TQXKPEKCN %QKPCIG 8QNWOG + (TQO VJG &GCVJ QH %CGUCT VQ VJG &GCVJ QH 8KVGNNKWU $% #& 6GKNG .QPFQP 2CTKU :8++ 5 -CTVGP 5 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP KO 5EJWDGT
%#*0 * # &KG /ÒP\GP FGT UK\KNKUEJGP 5VCFV 0CZQU 'KP $GKVTCI \WT -WPUVIGUEJKEJVG FGU ITKGEJK UEJGP 9GUVGPU $CUNGT 5VWFKGP \WT -WPUVIGUEJKEJVG $CUGN 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT UK\KNKUEJGP 5VCFV 0CZQU 'KP $GKVTCI \WT -WPUVIGUEJKEJVG FGU ITKGEJKUEJGP 9GUVGPU $CUNGT 5VWFKGP \WT -WPUVIGUEJKEJVG $CUGN 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT VCFGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI //#)
.
.
28
ANTIKE - GRIECHEN .
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT UK\KNKUEJGP 5VCFV 0CZQU 'KP $GKVTCI \WT -WPUVIGUEJKEJVG FGU ITKGEJKUEJGP 9GUVGPU $CUNGT 5VWFKGP \WT -WPUVIGUEJKEJVG $CUGN 5 6HP )CP\NGFGT VCFGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI //#)
.
-PKFQU &KG /ÒP\GP FGU UGEJUVGP WPF FGU HÒPHVGP ,CJTJWPFGTVU X %JT #/7)5 $GTNKP :+++ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP 6HP NGKEJV IGNDNKEJ CPUQPUVGP VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF //#)
.
-PKFQU &KG /ÒP\GP FGU UGEJUVGP WPF HÒPHVGP ,CJTJWPFGTVU X %JT #/7)5 $GTNKP :+++ 5 OKV #DD 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
'KPIGMNGDVG 4G\GPUKQP XQP -CTN 5EJGHQNF \W FKGUGO 9GTM GTUEJKGPGP KP 0GWG $ÒEJGT <GKVWPI
.
.
%#*0 * # *746'4 5 /+.&'0$'4) . 564#755 2 )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP #WU FGT 5COONWPI GKPGU -WPUVHTGWPFGU 5NI )KNNGVG .CWUCPPG 5 OKV 0TP OKV #DD CNNGT /ÒP\GP DGKO 6GZV WPF CWUHÒJTNKEJGP $GUEJTGKDWPIGP UQYKG \CJNT 8GTITÌGTWPIGP CWH 6HP #WMVKQPUMCVCNQI FGT (C $CPM .GW #) <ÒTKEJ WPF /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP #) $CUGN XQO 5. WPF '. NKGIGP DGK )CP\NGKPGP PGWYGTVKI
%#*0 * # /+.&'0$'4) . 47551 4 81')6.+ * 5COONWPI .WFYKI )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP CWU )TQITKGEJGPNCPF WPF 5K\KNKGP $CUGN 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD 6HP $TQUEJKGTV
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN 'Z $KDNKQVJGEC ,GNNKUUGP CWH FGO 8QTUCV\
.
%#.%+#6+ 4 # *QCTF QH &KQP[UKWU &TCEJOU HTQO )GNC 5 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
%*4;55#06*#-+ 0#).' - . JKUVQKTG OQPGVCKTG FyCDFGTG GP 6JTCEG #VJGP 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
%+%%+1 ) FG )NK CWTGK 5KTCEQUCPK FK %KOQPG G FK 'XGPGVQ 8GT·PFGTVG WPF GTYGKVGTVG 0GWCWHNCIG %QNNCPC FGK 5VWFK 0WOKUOCVKEK +8 4QO 5 6HP )CP\NGFGT (QVQ FGT 1TKIKPCNVH GKPIGMNGDV -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV UQYKG )QNFRT·IWPIGP //#)
.
%1.+0 * , &KG /ÒP\GP XQP 2GTIG KP 2CORJ[NKGP CWU JGNNGPKUVKUEJGT <GKV -ÌNP 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV //#)
.
%74+'. 4 (755/#0 ) .G VT¾UQT OQP¾VCKTG FG 3WPFW\ /¾OQKTGU FG NC &¾N¾ICVKQP #TEJ¾QNQIK SWG (TCP¼CKUG GP #HIJCPKUVCP 2CTKU 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
%746+5 , 9 /+.0' , ) 6GVTCFTCEJOU QH 4QOCP 'I[RV .GCFGP 'I[RVQ 4QOCP 6QMGP %QKPCIG 6JG %WTTGPE[ QH 'I[RV KP VJG (KHVJ %GPVWT[ 0CEJFTWEM 0GY ;QTM FGT #WUICDGP 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD WPF 6HP -WPUVNGFGT //#)
&' /14)#0 , 6TCKV¾ FGU OQPPCKGU ITGSWGU GV TQOCKPGU RCT 'TPGUV $CDGNQP +++ /QPPCKGU QTKGPVC NGU 0WOKUOCVKSWG FG NC 2GTUG CPVKSWG (CUEKEWNG 2GTUKFG 'N[OCKFG %JCTCE½PG 2CTKU 6GZV DCPF 5 6CHGNDCPF 6HP 6HP *CNDNGFGT OKV OCTOQTKGTVGP &GEMGNP
6TCKV¾ FGU OQPPCKGU ITGSWGU GV TQOCKPGU RCT 'TPGUV $CDGNQP +++ /QPPCKGU QTKGPVCNGU 0WOKUOCVKSWG FG NC 2GTUG CPVKSWG (CUEKEWNG &[PCUVKG 5CUUCPKFG 2CTKU 6GZVDCPF 5 6CHGNDCPF 6HP 6HP *CNDNGFGT OKV OCTOQTKGTVGP &GEMGNP
6TCKV¾ FGU OQPPCKGU ITGSWGU GV TQOCKPGU RCT 'TPGUV $CDGNQP +++ /QPPCKGU QTKGPVCNGU 0WOKUOCVKSWG FG NC 2GTUG CPVKSWG (CUEKEWNG #TUCEKFGU 2CTKU 6CHGNDCPF 6HP 6HP 6GZVDCPF HGJNV *CNDNGFGT OKV OCTOQTKGTVGP &GEMGNP
.
&'50'7: , .GU V¾VTCFTCEJOGU F #MCPVJQU 5& CWU 4$0 5 6HP $TQUEJKGTV //#)
.
&+664+%* - #PVKMG /ÒP\GP CWU 1NDKC WPF 2CPVKMCR·WO 5NI , /KEJGTC 2TCI 5 FCXQP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
&4#)#018 & 6JG %QKPCIG QH %CD[NG 5QRJKC 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
&4'55'. * (ÒPH )QNFOGFCKNNQPU CWU FGO (WPFG XQP #DWMKT #WU FGP #DJCPFNWPIGP FGT MÌPKIN RTGWUU #MCFGOKG FGT 9KUUGPUEJCHVGP XQO ,CJTG $GTNKP 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV //#)
&417+0 ' 'UUCK FG &¾EJKHHTGOGPV FGU /QPPCKGU C .¾IGPFGU #TCO¾GPPGU FG NC %JCTCE½PG 5& CWU FGT 40 2CTKU 5 6HP %JTQPQNQIKG GV 0WOKUOCVKSWG FGU 4QKU +PFQ 5E[VJGU 5& CWU FGT 40 2CTKU 5 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF IGDWPFGP GKPKIG 5GKVGP HNGEMKI -CTVQPKGTV
.
.
.
.
$GUKV\GTUVGORGN 2TQH &T 'WIGP 9KNJGNO ,GPC WPF GKP 9KFOWPIUXGTOGTM
.
&72106 51//'4 # 41$'46 . .C F¾GUUG FG *K¾TCRQNKU %CUVCDCNC %KNKEKG $KDNKQVJ½SWG #TEJ¾QNQIKSWG GV *KUVQTKSWG FG N +PUVKVWV (TCP¼CKU F #TEJ¾QNQIKG F +UVCPDWN 2CTKU 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 6GKNYGKUG WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP //#)
.
'.#;+ , '.#;+ # ) .G /QPPC[CIG FG NC EKV¾ 2J¾PKEKGPPG FG 5KFQP ¯ Ny¾RQSWG RGTUG 5WRRN¾OGPV Pu ¯ 6TCPUGWRJTCV½PG 2CTKU $·PFG 5 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
(+5%*'4 $155'46 9 6JG #VJGPKCP &GECFTCEJO 0WOKUOCVKE 0QVGU CPF /QPQITCRJU 0GY ;QTM : 5 6HP .GKPGP
29
ANTIKE - GRIECHEN
181
.
(144'4 . 6JG 9GDGT %QNNGEVKQP )TGGM %QKPU 8QNWOG + .QPFQP (TQPVKURK\ :8+ 5 6HP &C\W 8QNWOG + .QPFQP (TQPVKURK\ :8+ 5 QJPG 6HP 8QNWOG ++ .QPFQP 5 QJPG 6HP $·PFG KP WPVGTUEJKGFNKEJGO )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
(4#0-' 2 4 &KG CPVKMGP /ÒP\GP XQP 'RKTWU $CPF 2QNGKU 5V·OOG WPF GRKTQVKUEJGT $WPF DKU X %JT -CVCNQI WPF (QTUEJWPIGP 9KGUDCFGP :8 5 (CNVVCDGNNG -CTVG 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP ICP\NGKPGPGT 1TKI (CNVMCTVQP //#)
&KG CPVKMGP /ÒP\GP XQP 'RKTWU $CPF 2QNGKU 5V·OOG WPF GRKTQVKUEJGT $WPF DKU X %JT -CVCNQI WPF (QTUEJWPIGP 9KGUDCFGP :8 5 -CTVG 6HP KO 5EJWDGT )CP\NGKPGP OKV IQNFGPGT &GEMGNRT·IWPI
.
(4#0-' 2 4 *+4/'4 / &KG ITKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\G /ÒPEJGP 5 GKPIGMNGDVG /ÒP\ HQVQITCHKGP /ÒP\CDD )CP\NGKPGP
.
(4''/#0 ' # )GUEJKEJVG 5KEKNKGPU WPVGT FGP 2JÌPKMKGTP )TKGEJGP WPF 4ÌOGTP #WU FGO 'PINK UEJGP ÒDGTUGV\V OKV GKPGT FKG $GUEJTGKDWPI FGT /ÒP\GP GPVJCNVGPFGP $GKICDG XQP ,QU 4QJTOQUGT .GKR\KI :8+ 5 OKV #DD (CNVMCTVG *CNDNGFGT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
/KV 'Z NKDTKU *QYCTF % .GXKU KP 8QNWOG + FGT FKG 6CHGNP DGKPJCNVGV
.
.
.
(4+6<' * XQP )#'$.'4 * 01/+5/# 7PVGTUWEJWPIGP CWH FGO )GDKGVG FGT CPVKMGP /ÒP\ MWPFG $CPF $GTNKP ,GYGKNU OKV \WIGJÌTKIGP 6HP $CPF HGJNV *CNDNGFGTGKPDCPF &GT HGJNGPFG $CPF * XQP (TKV\G 'NGMVTQPRT·IWPI XQP -[\KMQU 5KGJG - 4GINKPI 5NI 9CTTGP *CPU XQP (TKV\G JCV FQTV FKG 'NGMVTQP /ÒP\GP XQP -[\KMQU DGUEJTKGDGP
.
01/+5/# 7PVGTUWEJWPIGP CWH FGO )GDKGVG FGT CPVKMGP /ÒP\MWPFG $CPF 5GUVQU 6GTKPC $GTQKC $GTNKP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
(4¤*.+%* % /QPPCKGU KPFQ UE[VJGU GV KPFQ RCTVJGU FW F¾RCTVGOGPV FGU /QPPCKGU /¾FCKNNGU GV #PVKSWGU %CVCNQIWG TCKUQPP¾ 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT # 810 (#4-#5 &KG +MQPQITC RJKG FGT 2CTVJGTMÌPKIG #PJCPI 7PGFKGTVG ITKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP #KWF 5 6HP 1TI $TQ UEJWT /KV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGT 9KFOWPI WPF JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGP $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM
.
(41.18# 0 # 6JG %QKPCIG QH VJG -KPIFQO QH $QURQTWU #& $#4 +PVGTPCVKQPCN 5GTKGU 1ZHQTF 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT GVYCU DGUEJ·FKIV //#)
.
6JG %QKPCIG QH VJG -KPIFQO QH $QURQTWU (TQO VJG HKTUV EGPVWT[ $% VQ VJG OKFFNG QH VJG HKTUV EGPVWT[ #& $#4 +PVGTPCVKQPCN 5GTKGU 1ZHQTF 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
&KG HTÒJG /ÒP\RT·IWPI XQO -KOOGTKUEJGP $QURQTQU &KG /ÒP\GP FGT 5V·FVG 2CPVKMCRCKQP 6JGQFQUKC 0[ORJCKQP WPF 2JCPCIQTKC UQYKG FGT 5KPFGT $GTNKP 5 6HP .GKPGP
.
(7469 0).'4 # ' /QPPCKGU ITGSWGU GP )CWNG .G VT¾UQT F #WTKQN GV NG OQPPC[CIG FG /CUUCNKC CX , % 6[RQU +++ (TKDQWTI 5 6HP .GKPGP
.
) $4+%+ ' .C OQPGVC\KQPG FGN DTQP\Q PGNNC 5KEKNKC CPVKEC 0& $QNQIPC FGT #WUICDG 2CNGTOQ 8+ 5 6HP $TQUEJKGTV
.
)'+55'0 # -CVCNQI #NGZCPFTKPKUEJGT -CKUGTOÒP\GP FGT 5COONWPI FGU +PUVKVWVU HÒT #NVGTVWOUMWPFG FGT 7PKXGTUKV·V \W -ÌNP 2CR[TQNQIKEC %QNQPKGPUKC $CPF WPF 1RNCFGP 5 OKV #DD 5 OKV #DD 5 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP //#)
&GT $CPF YWTFG XQP 9 9'+5'4 XGTHCUUV
30
ANTIKE - GRIECHEN
195
.
)+'5'%-' 9 5KEKNKC 0WOKUOCVKEC &KG )TWPFNCIGP FGU ITKGEJKUEJGP /ÒP\YGUGPU CWH 5KEKNKGP .GKR\KI 8 5 6HP 1TKI *CNDNGKPGP DGUVQGP 4ÒEMGP DGUEJ·FKIV //#)
.
5KEKNKC 0WOKUOCVKEC &KG )TWPFNCIGP FGU ITKGEJKUEJGP /ÒP\YGUGPU CWH 5KEKNKGP .GKR\KI 8 5 6HP )CP\NGFGT RTCEJVXQNNGT -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV //#)
.
+VCNKC 0WOKUOCVKEC 'KPG )GUEJKEJVG FGT KVCNKUEJGP )GNFU[UVGOG DKU \WT -CKUGT\GKV .GKR\KI 8+ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP IQNF UEJYCT\G &GEMGNRT·IWPI
.
)+6.'4 * 6#. 1 6JG %QKPCIG QH 2JKNKUVKC QH VJG HKHVJ CPF HQWTVJ EGPVWTKGU $% # UVWF[ QH VJG GCTNKGUV EQKPU QH 2CNGUVKPG %QNNG\KQPK 0WOKUOCVKEJG /CKNCPF 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD .GKPGP
.
)¤$. 4 &QPWO $WTPU &KG -WUCPOÒP\GP KO /ÒP\MCDKPGVV $GTP WPF FKG %JTQPQNQIKG 9KGP 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
.
)1.'0-1 - 8 /ÒP\GP FGU ,J CWU 2QPVQU OKV TF /ÒP\CDD CWH 6HP +P 0WOKUOCVKMC K 'RKITCHKMC $CPF /QUMCW 5 OKV 6GZVCDD WPF 6HP KP TWUUKUEJGT 5RTCEJG )CP\NGKPGP
.
)4#0&,'#0 % .GU /GUU¾PKGPU FG CW GT UK½ENG FG PQVTG ½TG /QPPC[CIGU GV JKUVQKTG #VJGP :8+++ 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
)4''09'.. 9 6JG GNGEVTWO EQKPCIG QH %[\KEWU .QPFQP +8 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
)415' 5 9 %CVCNQIWG QH VJG /E.GCP %QNNGEVKQP QH )TGGM %QKPU $·PFG 0CEJFTWEM %JKECIQ FGT #WUICDG %CODTKFIG : 5 6HP 5 6HP 8+ 5 6HP .GKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
)470#7'4 810 *1'45%*'./#00 5 &KG /ÒP\RT·IWPI FGT .CMGFCKOQPKGT #/7)5 $GTNKP ::++ 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
)76/#00 ( 5%*9#$#%*'4 9 &KG 6GVTCFTCEJOGP WPF &KFTCEJOGPRT·IWPI XQP *KOGTC
X %JT 5QPFGTCDFTWEM CWU /$0) 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
*##(( 2 # XCPyV %CVCNQIWG QH 'N[OCGCP %QKPCIG %C $ % # & .QPFQP WPF 2GPPU[NXC PKC 8+ 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD .GKPGP
.
*#*0 7 &KG (TCWGP FGU TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGTJCWUGU WPF KJTG 'JTWPIGP KO ITKGEJKUEJGP 1UVGP CPJCPF GRKITCRJKUEJGT WPF PWOKUOCVKUEJGT <GWIPKUUG XQP .KXKC DKU 5CDKPC 5CCTDTÒEMGT 5VWFKGP \WT #TEJ·QNQ IKG WPF #NVGP )GUEJKEJVG 5CCTDTÒEMGP 5 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
*'#& $ 8 1P VJG %JTQPQNQIKECN 5GSWGPEG QH VJG %QKPU QH 'RJGUWU 5& CWU 0% .QPFQP 2CTKU 8+ 5 6HP 1TKIKPCN .GKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
*KUVQTKC 0WOQTWO # OCPWCN QH )TGGM PWOKUOCVKEU #WHNCIG 1ZHQTF .:::8+++ 5 OKV XKGNGP 6GZVCDD 6HP KP *CNDNGFGTD·PFGP IGDWPFGP VCFGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI $ 8 *'#& # IWKFG VQ VJG RTKPEKRCN EQKPU QH VJG )TGGMU HTQO EKTE $ % VQ # & .QPFQP 5 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP
*'4$'46 - 6JG ,QJP /CZ 9WNHKPI %QNNGEVKQP KP 9CUJKPIVQP 7PKXGTUKV[ #%0#% 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
31
ANTIKE - GRIECHEN .
*'4<('.&'4 * .GU OQPPCKGU F CTIGPV FG 4JGIKQP HTCRR¾GU GPVTG GV NG OKNKGW FW +8G UK¾ENG CX , % 2CTKU 5 6HP )CP\NGFGT OKV -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV RTCEJVXQNNG 'TJCNVWPI //#)
.
.GU OQPPCKGU F CTIGPV FG 4JGIKQP HTCRR¾GU GPVTG GV NG OKNKGW FW +8G UK¾ENG CX , % 2CTKU 5 6HP )CP\NGFGT //#)
.
*+.. ) ( %QKPU QH #PEKGPV 5KEKN[ 9GUVOKPUVGT (TQPVKURK\ :8 5 -CTVG 6HP )CP\ NGFGT -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV //#)
.
*17)*610 # %QKPU HTQO VJG 5GNGWEKF 'ORKTG HTQO VJG %QNNGEVKQP QH #TVJWT *QWIJVQP #%0#% 0GY ;QTM :+8 5 6HP (CNVVHP )CP\NGKPGP //#) &C\W 1 & *118'4 %QKPU QH VJG 5GNGWEKF 'ORKTG HTQO VJG %QNNGEVKQP QH #TVJWT *QWIJVQP #%0#% 0GY ;QTM :+++ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
%QKPU HTQO VJG 5GNGWEKF 'ORKTG HTQO VJG %QNNGEVKQP QH #TVJWT *QWIJVQP #%0#% 0GY ;QTM :+8 (CNVVHP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP //#)
.
+%#4& 5 &KEVKQPCT[ QH )TGGM EQKP KPUETKRVKQPU 0CEJFTWEM %JKECIQ PWOOGTKGTVG #WUICDG FGT #WUICDG 2CTKU Q , = ? ::+8 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
+/*11( $.7/'4 ( )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP KP FGO MÌPKINKEJGP /ÒP\MCDKPGV KO *CCI WPF KP CPFGTGP 5COONWPIGP $GTNKP 5 6HP &KG 2T·IQTVG FGT #DDCKVGT 'RKMVGVGT )TKOGPQVJ[TKVGP WPF 6GOGPQVJ[TKVGP 5 &KG /ÒP\GP FGT -KNKDKCPGT KP .[FKGP 5 6H 5GKVGP NQUG /CNNQU /¾ICTUQU #PVKQEJG FW 2[TCOQU 0CEJFTWEM %JKECIQ FGT #WUICDG 2CTKU 5 6HP 2 )#4&0'4 #PEKGPV EQKPU KNNWUVTCVKPI NQUV OCUVGTRKGEGU QH ITGGM CTV %JKECIQ .::8+++ 5 6HP 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWPFGP
.
%JQKZ FG OQPPCKGU ITGESWGU FG NC EQNNGEVKQP FG ( +OJQQH $NWOGT #WHNCIG 2CTKU 6HP )TQ HQNKQ -CTVQPKGTV DGUVQGP 1DGTG TGEJVG 'EMG IGMPKEMV $WEJDNQEM IGNÌUV //#)
219
.
2QTVT·VMÌRHG CWH CPVKMGP /ÒP\GP JGNNGPKUEJGT WPF JGNNGPKUKGTVGT 8ÌNMGT OKV <GKVVCHGNP FGT &[PCUVKGP FGU #NVGTVWOU PCEJ KJTGP /ÒP\GP .GKR\KI +8 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV \YGK 6HP NQUG
6CFGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI 'Z NKDTKU &T * ) 4QGFGTUVGKP KO 8QTUCV\
.
<WT ITKGEJKUEJGP WPF TÌOKUEJGP /ÒP\MWPFG +P 4GXWG 5WKUUG FG 0WOKUOCVKSWG )GP¾XG $CPF :+8 5 6HP +PUIGUCOV 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
#PVKMG ITKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP +P 4GXWG 5WKUUG FG 0WOKUOCVKSWG )GP¾XG $CPF :+: 5 6HP +PUIGUCOV 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
+056+6761 +6#.+#01 &+ 07/+5/#6+%# *TUI #VVK FGN EQPXGIPQ FGN EGPVTQ KPVGTPC\KQPCNG FK UVWFK PWOKUOCVKEK + .C %KTEQNC\KQPG FGNNC OQPGVC #VGPKGUG KP 5KEKNKC G KP OCIPC )TGEKC 4QO ++ .C OQPGVC\KQPG CTECKEC FK *KOGTC HKPQ CN # % 4QO +++ .C OQPGVC \KQPG FK DTQP\Q FK 2QUGKFQPKC 2CGUVWO 4QO +8 .G GOKUUKQPK FGK EGPVTK UKEWNK HKPQ #NNy'RQEC FK 6KOQNGQPVG G K .QTQ 4CRRQTVK EQP NC /QPGVC\KQPG FGNNG %QNQPKG )TGEJG FK 5KEKNKC 4QO 8 %QPVTKDWVK +PVTQFWVVKXK CNNQ 5VWFKQ FGNNC /QPGVC\KQPG 'VTWUEC 4QO 8+ .G 1TKIKPK FGNNC /QPGVC\KQPG FK $TQP\Q KP 5KEKNKC G KP OCIPC )TGEKC 4QO .C /QPGVC PGK %QPVGUVK #TEJGQNQIKEK GUGORK FCINK UECXK FK 4QOC #VVK &GNNy+PEQPVTQ FK 5VWFKQ 4QO 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
+P FKGUGT 8QNNUV·PFKIMGKV UGNVGP CPIGDQVGP
32
ANTIKE - GRIECHEN .
.G QTKIKPK FGNNC /QPGVC\KQPG FK $TQP\Q KP 5KEKNKC G KP /CIPC )TGEKC #VVK FGN XK EQPXGIPQ FGN EGPVTQ KPVGTPC\KQPCNG FK UVWFK PWOKUOCVKEK 0CRQNK #RTKNG 4QO 5 (CNVVHP #DD 1TKIKPCNDTQUEJWT OKPKOCN XGTH·TDV
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN
.
+5+- ' (TÒJG 5KNDGTRT·IWPI KP 5V·FVGP 9GUVMNGKPCUKGPU 5EJTKHVGP \WT #TEJ·QNQIKUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM $CPF 5CCTDTÒEMGP 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT &C\W 'NGMVTQPUVCVGTG CWU -NC\QOGPCK 5CCTDTÒEMGT 5VWFKGP \WT #TEJ·QNQIKG WPF CNVGP )GUEJKEJVG $CPF &GT 5EJCV\HWPF XQP 5CCTDTÒE MGP 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
,#/'510 4 %1..'%6+10 6QOG /QPPCKGU )TGESWGU #PVKSWGU 6CHGNDCPF 2CTKU 6HP )TKGEJGP (CNVOCRRG KP 1TKI *CNDNGKPGP 'KPDCPF GVYCU N·FKGTV 6QOG 5WKVG FGU /QPPCKGU )TGESWGU CPVKSWGU GV KOR¾TKCNGU 4QOCKPGU 2CTKU +: 5 6HP 4ÌOGT
)TKGEJGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP 6QOG 5WKVG FGU OQPPCKGU )TGESWGU CPVKSWGU GV KOR¾ TKCNGU 4QOCKPGU 2CTKU 5 6HP 4ÌOGT )TKGEJGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT WPCWH IGUEJPKVVGP GKPKIG 6HP WPF FKG 'KPDCPFTÒEMUGKVG DGUEJ·FKIV WPF GVYCU UEJOWV\KI 9CUUGTUEJCFGP 7OUEJNCI NQUG WPF DGUEJ·FKIV #
.
,'0-+05 ) - .'9+5 4 $ %CTVJCIKPKCP )QNF CPF 'NGEVTWO %QKPU 405 5RGEKCN 2WDNKECVKQP .QPFQP (TQPVKURK\ 5 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP OKV 7OUEJNCI #
.
,10)-''5 , * 6JG -KOQPKCP &GMCFTCEJOU # %QPVTKDWVKQP VQ 5KEKNKCP 0WOKUOCVKEU 0CEJFTWEM #OUVGTFCO FGT #WUICDG 7VTGEJV 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
6JG -KOQPKCP &GMCFTCEJOU # %QPVTKDWVKQP VQ 5KEKNKCP 0WOKUOCVKEU 0CEJFTWEM #OUVGTFCO FGT #WUICDG 7VTGEJV 5 OKV #DD 6HP )CP\NGKPGP 4ÒEMGP WPF JKPVGTGT &GEMGN VGKNYGKUG CWU IGDNKEJGP //#)
.
-#&/#0 . 6JG %QKPU QH VJG ,GYKUJ 9CT QH % ' %QTRWU 0WOOQTWO 2CNCGUVKPGPUKWO PF UGTKGU 8QN ,GTWUCNGO 5 -CTVGP 6HP .GKPGP
.
6JG EQKPU QH #MMQ 2VQNGOCKU %02 +8 ,GTWUCNGO 5 OKV #DD 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
-#4#;1618 + 6JG %QKPCIG QH /GUCODTKC 8QN 5KNXGT CPF )QNF %QKPU QH /GUCODTKC 5Q\QRQN +8 5 -CTVG 6HP -WPUVNGFGT //#)
.
-'74'0 ( XCP 6JG %QKPCIG QH *GTCENGC .WECPKCG #TEJCGQNQIKEC 4QO 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
5GJT UGNVGP
.
-+0&.'4 # %QKPU QH VJG NCPF QH +UTCGN %QNNGEVKQP QH VJG DCPM QH +UTCGN # ECVCNQIWG ,GTWUCNGO +++ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD .GKPGP &C\W . -#&/#0 6JG %QKPU QH VJG ,GYKUJ 9CT QH % ' %QTRWU 0WOOQTWO 2CNCGUVKPGPUKWO PF UGTKGU 8QN ,GTWUCNGO 5 -CTVGP 6HP *CNDNGKPGP # 4'+('0$'4) #PEKGPV ,GYKUJ %QKPU #WHNCIG ,GTWUCNGO 5 6HP -WPUVNGKPGP
.
-.'+0 & 5COONWPI XQP ITKGEJKUEJGP -NGKPUKNDGTOÒP\GP WPF $TQP\GP 0QOKUOCVC /CKNCPF 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV //#)
.
-.'+0'4 ( 5 01' 5 2 6JG 'CTN[ %KUVQRJQTKE %QKPCIG 05 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
-1%* * # JQCTF QH EQKPU HTQO GCUVGTP 2CTVJKC 00/ 0GY ;QTM /CNKDW +: 5 6HP -CTVG 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP
.
-4'/;&+ 5+%+.+#017 5 6JG %QKPCIG QH VJG 4QOCP %QNQP[ QH &KQP $KDNKQVGEC QH VJG *GNNGPKE 0WOKUOCVKE 5QEKGV[ #VJGP :8+++ 5 6HP .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI //#)
+P ITKGEJKUEJGT 5RTCEJG
.
.
-4+66 $ 5GNGWEKF %QKPU QH $CEVTKC %NCUUKECN 0WOKUOCVKE 5VWFKGU .CPECUVGT 2GPPU[NXCPKC : 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD WPF 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP &C\W &[PCUVKE 6TCPUKVKQPU KP VJG %QKPCIG QH $CEVTKC #PVKQEJWU &KQFQVWU 'WVJ[FGOWU %NCUUKECN 0WOKUOCVKE 5VWFKGU .CPECUVGT 2GPPU[NXCPKC :8 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD WPF 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP
.#%41+: . .GU TGRTQFWEVKQPU FG UVCVWGU UWT NGU OQPPCKGU )TGESWGU .C UVCVWCKTG CTEJCÅSWG GV ENCU UKSWG $KDNKQVJ½SWG FG NC (CEWNV¾ FG 2JKNQUQRJKG GV .GVVTGU FG N 7PKXGTUKV¾ FG .K½IG 0& FGT #WU ICDG .K½IG ::++ 5 6HP 5 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
5GJT UGNVGPGU 9GTM
.
.
.' 4+&'4 ) &GWZ VT¾UQTU FG OQPPCKG ITGESWGU FG NC RTQRQPVKFG +8G UK½ENG CXCPV , % $KDNKQ VJ½SWG #TEJ¾QNQIKSWG GV *KUVQTKSWG FG N +PUVKVWV (TCP¼CKU F #TEJ¾QNQIKG F +UVCPDWN 2CTKU 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
/QPPC[CIG GV HKPCPEGU FG 2JKNKRRG ++ WP ¾VCV FG NC 3WGUVKQP /GNGVKOCVC #VJGP 5 -CTVG 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
33
ANTIKE - GRIECHEN .
.
#PVKQEJG FG 5[TKG UQWU NGU 5¾NGWEKFGU %QTRWU FGU OQPPCKGU F QT GV F CTIGPV $CPF &G 5¾NGWEQU + ¯ #PVKQEJQU 8 E /¾OQKTGU FG N #ECF¾OKG FGU +PUETKRVKQPU GV $GNNGU .GVVTGU PQWXGNNG U¾TKG 2CTKU 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.'0);'. . %JGHU & 1'WXTG FGU /QPPCKGU )TGESWGU /QPVTQWIG 5GKPG 5 6HP -CTVG 0WOGTKGTVG #WUICDG KP (QNKQHQTOCV 6GZV WPF 6HP NQUG KP -CUUGVVG
#WHNCIG OKV 'ZGORNCTGP
.
.'4/#00 9 #VJGPCV[RGP CWH ITKGEJKUEJGP /ÒP\GP /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT
.
.+$'41 /#0)+'4+ ) 8GNKC G NC UWC OQPGVC\KQPG .WICPQ 5 6HP .GKPGP //#) &C\W 8GNKC CPF KVU EQKPCIG ªDGTUGV\WPI FGU 6GZVGU (WPQVGP 5 WPF FGU -CVCNQIGU 5 $TQUEJKGTV
.+%*6'0$'4)'4 # -WNVG WPF -WNVWT FGT &GMCRQNKU 7PVGTUWEJWPIGP \W PWOKUOCVKUEJGP CTEJ·Q NQIKUEJGP WPF GRKITCRJKUEJGP <GWIPKUUGP #DJCPFNWPIGP FGU &GWVUEJGP 2CN·UVKPC 8GTGKPU 9KGUDC FGP :+ 5 6HP NQUG -CTVG )CP\NGKPGP
.
.14$'4 % % #ORJKRQNKU 6JG %KXKE %QKPCIG KP 5KNXGT CPF )QNF .QU #PIGNGU (TQPVKURK\ +8 -CTVG 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
/#%&10#.& & , %QKPU HTQO #RJTQFKUKCU $#4 5WRRNGOGPVCT[ 5GTKGU 1ZHQTF 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
#P +PVTQFWEVKQP VQ VJG *KUVQT[ CPF %QKPCIG QH VJG -KPIFQO QH VJG $QURQTWU %NCUUKECN 0WOKUOCVKE 5VWFKGU 0Q .CPECUVGT 2GPPU[NXCPKC 8++ 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD WPF -CTVGP )CP\NGKPGP
.
/#; , / ( 6JG %QKPCIG QH #DFGTC $ % 405 5RGEKCN 2WDNKECVKQP .QPFQP :+ 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
/KV 'Z NKDTKU 2 4 (TCPMG KO 8QTUCV\
.
/#;4 # &KG CPVKMGP /ÒP\GP FGT +PUGNP /CNVC )Q\Q WPF 2CPVGNNGTKC /ÒPEJGP 5 6H FC\W # 810 5#..'6 'KPKIG WPGFKTVG QFGT OGTMYÒTFKIG WPVGTKVCNKUEJG WPF UKEKNKUEJG /ÒP\GP 5 OKV YGPKIGP #DD 5GRCTCVCDFTWEM 'KP )QNFUVCVGT FGT VCWTKUEJGP %JGTUQPGUWU 5 6H &KG ·NVGUVGP 6GVTCFTCEJOGP FGT #TUCEKFGP 5 2GTVKPCZ %CGUCT 5 6H &KG CPIGDNKEJGP /ÒP\GP XQP 5QNNKWO #ECTPCPKCG 5 6H -COPCUMKTGU WPF UGKPG &[PCUVKG 5 &KG /ÒP\GP FGT -ÌPKIG XQP %JCTCEGPG 5 $ &' -1'*0' .GVVTG ± /QPUKGWT , ;QPIG #MGTOCP 5V 2GVGTUDWTI 5 6H #010;/ 6JG %QKP %JCTV /CPWCN 0WT /ÒP\ WPF $CPMPQVGPCDD / , 5#$#6+'4 /QPPCKGU 4QOCKPGU FG $TQP\G 5 6H %CVC NQIWG QH VJG %CDKPGV QH XCNWCDNG CPF TCTG ITGGM EQKPU 5QVJGD[ 9KNMKPUQP *QFIG 5 %QN NGEVKQP FG / 2TQURGT &WRT¾ 2CTKU 8+++ 5 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF IGDWPFGP *CNDNGKPGP $WEJDNQEM NQUG 4ÒEMGP NGKEJV GKPIGTKUUGP
.
/'5*14'4 ; #PEKGPV ,GYKUJ %QKPCIG $·PFG 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP \CJNTGKEJG #PUVTGKEJWPIGP #POGTMWPIGP KO 6GZV WPF CWH FGP 6HP
.
/'5*14'4 ; 3'&#4 5 6JG %QKPCIG QH 5COCTKPC KP VJG (QWTVJ %GPVWT[ $%' ,GTWUCNGO 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD 6HP .GKPGP 5COCTKCP %QKPCIG 0WOKUOCVKE UVWFKGU CPF TGUGCTEJGU ,GTWUCNGO 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD 6HP .GKPGP
/'50+. &7 $7+5510 4 FW 6GUU½TGU GV OQPPCKGU FG 2CNO[TG +PXGPVCKTG FGU EQNNGEVKQPU FW %CDK PGV FGU /¾FCKNNGU FG NC $KDNKQVJ½SWG 0CVKQPCNG 6GZVDCPF 2CTKU 5 #DD )CP\NGKPGP 6GUU½TGU GV OQPPCKGU FG 2CNO[TG FG NC $KDNKQVJ½SWG 0CVKQPCNG 2CTKU %CDKPGV FGU /¾FCKNNGU GV #PVK SWGU 6CHGNDCPF 2CTKU NQUG 6HP KP *CNDNGKPGP /CRRG
/+.&'0$'4) . *746'4 5 6JG #TVJWT 5 &GYKPI %QNNGEVKQP QH )TGGM %QKPU #%0#% $·PFG 0GY ;QTM (TQPVKURK\ :++ 5 6HP +P $·PFGP KP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP KO ICP\NGK PGPGP 5EJWDGT //#)
.
/+.0' , ) -QNQRJQP CPF KVU EQKPCIG # UVWF[ 00/ 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP )CP\NGK PGP OKV -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV
.
/+100'6 6 ' &GUETKRVKQP FG O¾FCKNNGU CPVKSWGU ITGESWGU GV TQOCKPGU CXGE NGWT FGIT¾ FG TCTGV¾ GV NGWT GUVKOCVKQP $·PFG 5WRRNGOGPVD·PFG 6CHGNDCPF WPXGT·PFGTVGT 0CEJFTWEM )TC\ FGT 1TKIKPCNCWUICDGP 2CTKU +P GKPJGKVNKEJGO )CP\NGKPGP KP $·PFGP IGDWPFGP //#) &C\W # $176-195-+ ).+0-# 2GVKV /KQPPGV FG 2QEJG QW 4¾RGTVQKTG 2TCVKSWG $GTNKP 5 *CNDNGFGT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
.
/KQPPGV JCV UKEJ KP FKGUGO UGJT UGNVGPGP 9GTM CWH FKG $GUV·PFG FGT $KDNKQVJ½SWG 0CVKQPCNG IGUVÒV\V +OOGT PQEJ YKEJVKI HÒT FKG $GUVKOOWPI XQP ITKGEJKUEJGP $TQP\GP FGT TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT\GKV
.
34
/+6%*+0'4 / +PFQ )TGGM CPF +PFQ 5E[VJKCP %QKPCIG $·PFG .QPFQP %.:::+8 5 \CJNTGKEJG 6GZVCDD -QORNGVV KP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
ANTIKE - GRIECHEN .
6JG GCTN[ %QKPCIG QH %GPVTCN #UKC %QPVGORQTCTKGU QH VJG +PFQ )TGGMU 4 $ 9*+6'*'#& %CVCNQIWG QH EQKPU KP VJG RCPLCD OWUGWO .CJQTG # %700+0)*#/ %QKPU QH /GFKCGX CN +PFKC %QKPU QH #NGZ CPFGT U UWEEGUUQTU
.
/15%* * % XQP $KNFGT \WO 4WJOG #VJGPU #URGMVG FGU 5V·FVGNQDU KP FGT MCKUGT\GKVNKEJGP /Ã&#x2019;P\ RT·IWPI #VJGPU 0QOKUOCVC /CKNCPF 5 FCXQP 6HP -CTVQPKGTV #
.
/17%*/18 0 # #PVKEPVG OQPGVK PC $CNMCPUMKLC RQNWQUVTQX K OQPGVKVG PC DWNICTUEMKVG ECTG (QVQ MQRKG FGT #WUICDG 5QHKC :: 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
/1756#-# # -WNVG WPF /[VJGP CWH VJGUUCNKUEJGP /Ã&#x2019;P\GP $GKVT·IG \WT #TEJ·QNQIKG 9Ã&#x2019;T\DWTI 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
/ª..'4 . 0WOKUOCVKSWG F #NGZCPFTG NG ITCPF 5WKXKG F WP CRRGPFKEG EQPVGPCPV .GU OQPPCKGU FG 2JKNKRRG ++ GV +++ 0& $CUGN 5VWVVICTV 7PXGT·PFGTVGT 0CEJFTWEM FGT KP -QRGPJCIGP DGK $KCPEQ .WPQ GTUEJKGPGPGP #WUICDG 5 OKV #DD )CP\NGFGT 4Ã&#x2019;EMGP IGTKPIHÃ&#x2019;IKI CWUIGDNKEJGP
/ª056'4$'4) 4 &KG $GCOVGPPCOGP CWH FGP ITKGEJKUEJGP /Ã&#x2019;P\GP )GQITCRJKUEJ WPF CNRJCDG VKUEJ IGQTFPGV 6GKNG WPF 0CEJVTCI KP GKPGO $CPF 5WDUKFKC 'RKITCRJKEC *KNFGUJGKO 0GY ;QTM 5 5 5 5 *CNDNGKPGP #
.
/7041 *#; 5 % %QKPCIG QH #TCDKC (GNKZ 6JG RTG KUNCOKE EQKPCIG QH VJG ;GOGP 0QOKUOCVC /CKNCPF 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV #
.
/¦4-*1./ 1 'CTN[ *GNNGPKUVKE %QKPCIG HTQO VJG #EEGUUKQP QH #NGZCPFGT VQ VJG 2GCEG QH #RCOGC
$ % %CODTKFIG ::++ 5 6HP -CTVGP .GKPGP . /ª..'4 0WOKUOCVK SWG F #NGZCPFTG NG )TCPF UWKXKG F WP CRRGPFKEG EQPVGPCPV NGU OQPPCKGU FG 2JKNKRRG ++ GV +++ 0CEJFTWEM $CUGN 5VWVVICTV FGT #WUICDG -QRGPJCIGP 6HP .GKPGP ) -.'+0'4 #NGZCPFGTU 4GKEJUOÃ&#x2019;P\GP #DJCPFNWPIGP FGT FGWVUEJGP #MCFGOKG FGT 9KUUGPUEJCHVGP \W $GTNKP ,CJTICPI 0T $GTNKP 5 6H $TQUEJKGTV DGUVQÂGP ' 6 0GYGNN 5 2 0QG 6JG #NGZCPFGT %QKPCIG QH 5KE[QP 0WOKUOCVKE UVWFKGU 0Q 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP CWH FGT GTUVGP 5GKVG 9CUUGTUEJCFGP
.
5VWFKGU KP VJG %QKPCIG QH #PVKQEJWU +8 QH 5[TKC &GV -QPIGNKIG &CPUMG 8KFGPUMCDGTPGU 5GNUMCD *KUVQ TKUM HKNQUQHKUMG /GFFGNGNUGT -QRGPJCIGP 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
/¦4-*1./ 1 <#*.' , 6JG %QKPCIG QH -WRTNNK # 0WOKUOCVKE CPF #TEJCGQNQIKECN 5VWF[ +P #EVC #TEJCGQNQIKEC 5 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQÂGP -PKEMURWT CWH FGO 'KP DCPF
.
6JG %QKPCIGU QH VJG .[EKCP &[PCUVU -JGTKIC -JGT¿K CPF 'TDDKPC # 0WOKUOCVKE CPF #TEJCGQNQIKECN 5VWF[ 5& CWU #EVC #TEJCGQNQIKEC 5 OKV 6HP $TQUEJKGTV
.
0#8+..' . .GU /QPPCKGU F QT FG NC %[T¾PCÃ&#x2026;SWG FG ¯ CXCPV , % %QPVTKDWVKQP C N ¾VWFG FGU OQPPCKGU )TGESWGU CPVKSWGU )GP½XG (TQPVKURK\ 5 OKV #DD 6HP )CP\NGFGT -QRHIQNF UEJPKVV VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF //#)
0'9'.. ' 6 0WOKUOCVKE PQVGU CPF OQPQITCRJU 00/ 0GY ;QTM $CPF KP *CNDNGFGT $CPF KP $TQUEJWT
.
.
$CPF YWTFG XQP 4 $ 5'#)'4 XGTHCUUV
.
6JG %QKPCIGU QH &GOGVTKWU 2QNKQTEGVGU .QPFQP +: 5 6HP $NCWGT )CP\NGFGTGKPDCPF -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV 4Ã&#x2019;EMGP CWUIGDNKEJGP CPUQPUVGP JGTXQTTCIGPFG 'TJCNVWPI //#)
.
6JG %QKPCIG QH VJG 'CUVGTP 5GNGWEKF /KPVU HTQO 5GNGWEWU + VQ #PVKQEJWU +++ 05 0CEJFTWEM 0GY ;QTM FGT #WUICDG 0GY ;QTM +: 5 6HP -CTVG -CTVQPKGTV 6JG %QKPCIG QH VJG 9GUVGTP 5GNGWEKF /KPVU HTQO 5GNGWEWU + VQ #PVKQEJWU +++ 05 0CEJFTWEM 0GY ;QTM FGT #WUICDG 0GY ;QTM +: 5 6HP -CTVG -CTVQPKGTV
.
6JG %QKPCIG QH VJG 9GUVGTP 5GNGWEKF /KPVU HTQO 5GNGWEWU + VQ #PVKQEJWU +++ 05 0GY ;QTM 0CEJFTWEM FGU 1TKIKPCNU XQP +: 5 6HP -CTVG )CP\NGKPGP #
.
6JG %QKPCIG QH VJG 'CUVGTP 5GNGWEKF /KPVU HTQO 5GNGWEWU + VQ #PVKQEJWU +++ 05 0CEJFTWEM 0GY ;QTM FGT #WUICDG 0GY ;QTM +: 5 6HP -CTVG -CTVQPKGTV 6JG %QKPCIG QH VJG 9GUVGTP 5GNGWEKF /KPVU HTQO 5GNGWEWU + VQ #PVKQEJWU +++ 05 0CEJFTWEM 0GY ;QTM FGT #WUICDG 0GY ;QTM +: 5 6HP -CTVG -CTVQPKGTV 6JG 5GNGWEKF /KPV QH #PVKQEJ 0CEJFTWEM %JKECIQ FGT #WUICDG 0GY ;QTM 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD 6HP )CP\MWPUVNG FGT OKPKOCN DGUVQÂGP #
.
6JG %QKPCIG QH VJG 'CUVGTP 5GNGWEKF /KPVU HTQO 5GNGWEWU + VQ #PVKQEJWU +++ 05 0GY ;QTM 0CEJFTWEM FGU 1TKIKPCNU XQP +: 5 6HP -CTVG )CP\NGKPGP #
.
0'9'.. ' 6 01' 2 /ª..'4 . 0GYGNN 4Q[CN ITGGM RQTVTCKV EQKPU 6JG UGNGWEKF EQKPC IGU QH 6[TG 6JG RGTICOGPG OKPV WPFGT 2JKNGVCGTWU 0QG 6JG #NGZCPFGT EQKPCIG QH 5KE[QP /Ã&#x2019;NNGT
0WOKUOCVKSWG F #NGZCPFTG NG ITCPF
35
ANTIKE - GRIECHEN .
01' 5 2 6JG /GPFG -CNKCPFTC *QCTF 00/ 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQGP 4ÒEMGP GKPIGTKUUGP //#)
.
6JG EQKPCIG QH /GVTCRQPVWO $CPF 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP (TQPVKURK\ 5 6HP +P GKPJGKVNKEJGO *CNDNGFGT KP $·PFGP IGDWPFGP
.
6JG %QKPCIG QH %CWNQPKC 05 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP 4QVGT )CP\NGFGTGKPDCPF -QRHIQNF UEJPKVV 4ÒEMGP OKPKOCN CWUIGDNKEJGP //#)
.
6JG %QKPCIG QH %CWNQPKC 05 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP )CP\NGFGT -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV 4ÒEMGP CWUIGDNKEJGP //#)
.
01' 5 2 ,1*05610 # 6JG EQKPCIG QH /GVCRQPVWO 00/ WPF 6GKNG FCXQP 6GKN WPF CNU 0CEJFTWEM 0GY ;QTM FGT #WUICDGP 0GY ;QTM 6GKN 0GY ;QTM +: 5 OKV #DD 6HP +: 5 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP #
01'5-' * % &KG /ÒP\GP FGT 2VQNGO·GT *KUVQTKUEJGU /WUGWO (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP (TCPMHWTV 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
8GTITKHHGP
.
1.%#; 0 5';4+) * .G VT¾UQT FG /GMVGRKPK GP 2JT[IKG 6T¾UQTU OQP¾VCKTGU 5¾NGWEKFGU 2CTKU 5 OKV 6GZVCDD 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 6GKNYGKUG WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP //#)
.
2#2#)'14)+#&17 $#0+5 % 6JG %QKPCIG QH -GC /GNGVKOCVC #VJGP 8+++ 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
2'6419+%< # 4KVVGT XQP 5COONWPI 2GVTQYKE\ #TUCEKFGP /ÒP\GP 9KGP 8+ 5 6HP 4QVGT *CNDNGFGTGKPDCPF OKV OCTOQTKGTVGP 2CRKGT WPF 6KVGN KP )QNFRT·IWPI
5GJT UEJÌPGU 'ZGORNCT FGT 1TKIKPCNCWUICDG 0WT 'ZGORNCTG FKGUGT #WHNCIG
.
5COONWPI 2GVTQYKE\ #TUCEKFGP /ÒP\GP 0CEJFTWEM )TC\ FGT #WUICDG 9KGP 8+ 5 6HP .GKPGP
.
21665 & 6 6JG 2TG +UNCOKE %QKPCIG QH 'CUVGTP #TCDKC %QRGPJCIGP 5 OKV 6GZVCDD )GDWPFGP
.
24+%' / 6JG %QKPCIG KP VJG 0COG QH #NGZCPFGT VJG )TGCV CPF 2JKNKR #TTJKFCGWU # $TKVKUJ /WUGWO %CVCNQIWG $·PFG <ÒTKEJ .QPFQP 5 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF //#)
.
24+%' / 9#))10'4 0 #TEJCKE )TGGM %QKPCIG 6JG #U[WV *QCTF .QPFQP 5 6HP (CNVMCTVG -CTVQPKGTV //#)
.
241-1218 + &KG 5KNDGTRT·IWPI FGT +PUGN 6JCUQU WPF FKG 6GVTCFTCEJOGP FGU VJCUKUEJGP 6[RU XQO ,CJTJWPFGTV X %JT $GTNKP 5 -CTVG 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
251/# 5 1N[PVJG GV NGU %JCNEKFKGPU FG 6JTCEG 'VWFGU FG 0WOKUOCVKSWG GV &yJKUVQKTG 5VWVVICTV 5 6HP -CTVG
.
4#8'. 1 ' 6JG %QNVU QH #ODTCEKC 00/ 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP OKV -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV //#)
.
6JG %QNVU QH #ODTCEKC 00/ 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQ GP //#)
.
0WOKUOCVKSWG )TGESWG (CNUKHKECVKQPU OQ[GPU RQWT NGU TGEQPPCKVTG #WHNCIG .QPFQP FGU 5& CWU FGT 40 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP NGKEJV DGUVQGP 6CHGNVGKN NÌUV UKEJ CWU FGT $KPFWPI //#)
.
&GUETKRVKXG %CVCNQIWG QH 6JG %QNNGEVKQP QH 6CTGPVKPG %QKPU HQTOGF D[ / 2 8NCUVQ .QPFQP (TQPVKURK\ :+ 5 6HP )CP\NGFGT -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV UGJT UEJÌPGU 'ZGORNCT //#)
.
.GU RQWNCKPU FG %QTKPVJG /QPQITCRJKG FGU UVCV½TGU %QTKPVJKGPU $CPF &G C CX , % .QPFQP 5 6HP )TÒPGT )CP\NGFGTGKPDCPF 4ÒEMGP NGKEJV CWUIGDNKEJGP CPUQPVGP CWUIG\GKEJPGV GTJCNVGP //#)
.
.GU RQWNCKPU FG %QTKPVJG /QPQITCRJKG FGU UVCV½TGU %QTKPVJKGPU $CPF &G C CX , % .QPFQP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP 2CRKGT NGKEJV IGDT·WPV
.
.GU 2QWNCKPU FG %QTKPVJG /QPQITCRJKG FGU 5VCV½TGU %QTKPVJKGPU $CPF WPF 0CEJFTWEM %JKECIQ FGT #WUICDG $CUGN WPF .QPFQP 5 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF KP .GKPGP IGDWP FGP
4').+0) - 6GTKPC 2TQITCOO \WO 9KPEMGNOCPPUHGUVG FGT #TEJCGQNQIKUEJGP )GUGNNUEJCHV \W $GTNKP $GTNKP 5 6HP *CNDGKPGP OKPKOCN DUGVQGP /KV #PUVTGKEJWPIGP KO 6GZV WPF CWH FGP 6CHGNP
.
36
ANTIKE - GRIECHEN .
&KG ITKGEJKUEJGP /ÒP\GP FGT 5COONWPI 9CTTGP 6GZV WPF 6CHGNDCPF $GTNKP 8+++ 5 6HP <YGK PGWGTG *CNDNGFGTD·PFG OKV 4ÒEMGPXGTIQNFWPI KO 5VKN FGT <GKV
/KV \CJNTGKEJGP /ÒP\GP CWU 'NGMVTQP \ $ XQP %[\KEWU DGUEJTKGDGP XQP *CPU XQP (TKV\G 5VÒEMG CNNG OKV #DD KO 6CHGNDCPF
.
4'+0#%* # , .C DCUG CWZ VTQRJ¾GU FG &¾NQU GV NGU OQPPCKGU FG 2JKNKRRG #PFTKUMQU 5& CWU ,QWTPCN KPVGTPCVKQPCN F CTEJ¾QNQIKG PWOKUOCVKSWG #VJ½PGU 5GKVGP OKV 6GZVCDD WPF 6HP OKV /ÒP\CDD *CNDNGFGT OKV /CTOQTRCRKGT
.
41$'46 . 8KNNGU F #UKG OKPGWTG 'VWFGU FG I¾QITCRJKG CPEKGPPG #WHN 2CTKU 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
/QPPCKGU CPVKSWGU GP 6TQCFG )GP½XG 2CTKU 5 6HP /QPPCKGU ITGESWGU 6[RGU N¾IGP FGU OCIKUVTCVU OQP¾VCKTGU GV I¾QITCRJKG )GP½XG 2CTKU 5 6HP &QEWOGPVU FG N #UKG OKPGWTG OGTKFKQPCNG +PUETKRVKQPU OQPPCKGU GV I¾QITCRJKG )GP½XG 2CTKU 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
# VTCXGTU N #UKG OKPGWTG 2Q½VGU GV RTQUCVGWTU OQPPCKGU ITGESWGU XQ[CIGWTU GV I¾QITCRJKG $KDNKQ VJ½SWG FGU ¾EQNGU (TCP¼CKUGU F #VJGPGU GV FG 4QOG 2CTKU 8+++ 5 OKV #DD 1TKI $TQ UEJWT WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP //#)
.
&QEWOGPVU FyCUKG OKPGWTG $KDNKQVJ½SWG FGU ¾EQNGU (TCP¼CKUGU F #VJGPGU GV FG 4QOG (CU\KMGN DKU 2CTKU 8+++ 5 OKV #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT VGKNYGKUG WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP
.
41$'46 . WPF , (QWKNNGU F #O[\QP GP %CTKG $CPF 'ZRNQTCVKQP *KUVQKTG /QPPCKGU GV +PUETKR VKQPU 2CTKU 8+++ 5 OKV #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT VGKNYGKUG WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP
.
41$'465 9 4 *'#& $ 8 6JG CPEKGPV $QGQVKCPU CPF VJG EQKPCIG QH $QGQVKC 0CEJFTWEM %JKECIQ FGT #WUICDGP %CODTKFIG WPF .QPFQP : 5 5 6HP .GKPGP
.
41$+0510 & / # *QCTF QH 5KNXGT %QKPU HTQO %CT[UVWU 00/ 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
41$+0510 ' 5 ) %#5641 *+2¡.+61 / # %CVCNQIWG QH VJG %CNQWUVG )WNDGPMKCP %QNNGEVKQP QH )TGGM %QKPU $·PFG .KUDQC 5 6HP KO 5EJWDGT 5 6HP KO 5EJW DGT .GKPGP //#)
.
4155 *1..19#; 4 6JG 6JKTVGGP /QPVJU %QKPCIG QH *KGTQP[OQU QH 5[TCEWUG #/7)5 $GTNKP ::+++ 5 6HP KP $GKNCIG .GKPGP //#)
.
4155 *1..19#; 4 ,'0-+05 ) - 'Z CPVKSWKVCVG PWOOK 6GTKPC $GNNKP\QPC 5 FCXQP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
415619<'9 / 6GUUGTCTWO WTDKU 4QOCG GV UWDWTDK RNWODGCTWO 5[NNQIG 0CEJFTWEM .GKR\KI FGT #WUICDG 5V 2GVGTUDWTI 6GZVDCPF +: 5 OKV #DD 5WRRNGOGPV +8 5 6HP 6CHGNDCPF KO (QNKQHQTOCV 6HP /QFGTPGU )CP\NGKPGP
.
4766'4 0 - %CORCPKCP %QKPCIGU $ % 'FKPDWTIJ 8+++ 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
5 4564¤/ / # 5VWF[ KP VJG %QKPCIG QH VJG /COGTVKPGU $CUGN .WPF :8 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
5#..'6 # 8 &KG 0CEJHQNIGT #NGZCPFGTU FGU )TQUUGP +P $CMVTKGP WPF +PFKGP $GTNKP +8 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP MNGKPGT 9CUUGTTCPF CP FGP WPVGTGP 5GKVGPT·PFGTP
.
5#7.%; ( FG 0WOKUOCVKSWG FG NC 6GTTG 5CKPVG &GUETKRVKQP FGU OQPPCKGU CWVQPQOGU GV KOR¾TKCNGU FG NC 2CNGUVKPG GV FG N #TCDKG R¾VT¾ 2CTKU :8 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT
.
5%*.155'4 , XQP $GUEJTGKDWPI FGT CNVITKGEJKUEJGP /ÒP\GP $CPF 6JGUUCNKGP +NN[TKGP &CNOC VKGP WPF FKG +PUGNP FGU CFTKCVKUEJGP /GGTGU 'RGKTQU =OGJT PKEJV GTUEJKGPGP? 9KGP :+ 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
$GUEJTGKDWPI FGT CNVITKGEJKUEJGP /ÒP\GP $CPF 6JGUUCNKGP +NN[TKGP &CNOCVKGP WPF FKG +PUGNP FGU CFTKCVKUEJGP /GGTGU 'RGKTQU =OGJT PKEJV GTUEJKGPGP? 9KGP :+ 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV VGKN YGKUG WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP #WH FGP GTUVGP \YGK 5GKVGP UVQEMHNGEMKI //#)
5%*¤0'46 )'+55 ' )TKGEJKUEJGU /ÒP\YGTM &KG /ÒP\RT·IWPI XQP $[\CPVKQP 6GKN #WVQPQOG <GKV 5EJTKHVGP \WT )GUEJKEJVG WPF -WNVWT FGT #PVKMG 6GZV WPF 6CHGNDCPF $GTNKP #OUVGTFCO 8 5 6HP KP (CNVOCRRG 1TKI $TQUEJWT Z *CNDNGKPGP Z
)TKGEJKUEJGU /ÒP\YGTM &KG /ÒP\RT·IWPI XQP $[\CPVKQP 6GKN -CKUGT\GKV 5EJTKHVGP \WT )GUEJKEJVG WPF -WNVWT FGT #PVKMG 6GZV WPF 6CHGNDCPF $GTNKP #OUVGTFCO 5 6HP KP (CNVOCRRG 1TKI $TQUEJWT Z *CNDNGKPGP Z
)TKGEJKUEJGU /ÒP\YGTM &KG /ÒP\RT·IWPI XQP /CTQPGKC 5EJTKHVGP \WT )GUEJKEJVG WPF -WNVWT FGT #PVKMG 6GZV WPF 6CHGNDCPF $GTNKP 5 OKV -CTVGP 6HP KP (CNVOCRRG *CNDNGKPGP
.
.
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN &T ( : 9GK\KPIGT %Q CWH FGO 6KVGNDNCVV
.
.
.
37
ANTIKE - GRIECHEN .
5%*9#$#%*'4 9 &KG 6GVTCFTCEJOGPRT·IWPI XQP 5GNKPWPV 5& CWU /$0) 5 6HP 6CHGNP NKGIGP FQRRGNV XQT *CNDNGKPGP
/KV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGT 9KFOWPI FGU 8GTHCUUGTU
.
5'..911& & #P +PVTQFWEVKQP VQ VJG %QKPCIG QH 2CTVJKC .QPFQP 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP #P +PVTQFWEVKQP VQ VJG %QKPCIG QH 2CTVJKC #WHNCIG .QPFQP 5 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP
.
5'0+14 4 % +PFQ 5E[VJKCP %QKPU CPF *KUVQT[ .CPECUVGT 8QNWOG )CP\NGKPGP
.
5+/10'66# $ 6JG %QKPU QH VJG %CRRCFQEKCP -KPIU 6[RQU (TKDQWTI 5 6HP )CP\ NGKPGP //#)
.
56#4%-; , %#3716 # 4GEWGKN FGU VGUU½TGU FG 2CNO[TG +PUVKVWV (TCP¼CKU F #TEJ¾QNQIKG FG $G[TQWVJ $KDNKQVJ½SWG #TEJ¾QNQIKSWG GV *KUVQTKSWG 2CTKU : 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 7PCWHIGUEJPKVVGP //#)
.
56#44 % ) #VJGPKCP %QKPCIG $ % 1ZHQTF 8+++ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
58141015 , 0 .GU OQPPCKGU F #VJ½PGU 6GTOKP¾ CRT½U NC OQTV FG N CWVGWT RCT $ 2+%- /ÒPEJGP :+: 5 6HP )TQHQNKQ *CNDNGFGT 5GKVGP YWTFGP GKPJGKVNKEJ PGW GKPIGDWPFGP //#)
2TCEJVXQNNGU 'ZGORNCT FKGUGU UGNVGPGP 9GTMGU
.
5;..1)' 07//147/ )4#'%147/ $'.)+'0 .C %QNNGEVKQP FG $TQP\GU )TGEU FG /CTE $CT $TÒUUGN 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP
.
5;..1)' 07//147/ )4#'%147/ $7.)#4+'0 $QDQMQX $TQU %QNNGEVKQP 6JTCEG /QGUKC +PHGTKQT $CPF &GWNVWO 4WUG 5 FCXQP 6HP -CTVQPKGTV OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
5;..1)' 07//147/ )4#'%147/ & 0'/#4- $·PFG *GHVG #GVQNKGP -QTKPVJ -QRGPJCIGP *GHVG 2JNKCUKC $KVJ[PKC -QRGPJCIGP *CNDNGKPGP
.
$·PFG #GQNKU .GUDQU 6TQCU 'I[RV 6JG 2VQNGOKGU %QRGPJCIGP (QNKQ 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
6JG 4Q[CN %QNNGEVKQP QH %QKPU CPF /GFCNU &CPKUJ 0CVKQPCN /WUGWO 8QNU +VCN[ CPF 5KEKN[ XQNU 6JTCEG CPF /GCEGFQPKC XQNU )TGGEG 6JGUUCN[ VQ #GIGCP +UNCPFU XQNU $QURQTWU VQ .GUDQU XQNU +QPKC %CTKC CPF .[FKC XQNU 2JT[IKG VQ %KEKNKC XQNU %[RTWU VQ +PFKC XQNU 'I[RV 6JG 2VQNGOKGU #NGZCPFTKC %[RTGPCKEC 0QTVJ #HTKEC 5[TVKEC /CWTGVCPKC 5RCKP )CWN 8QNU 9GUV /KNHQTF 8QNU 0CEJFTWEM 9GUV /KNHQTF FGT -QRGPJCIG PGT 1TKIKPCNCWUICDG (QNKQ +P $·PFGP KP GKPJGKVNKEJGO )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF
.
$CPF 6JG *CTV %QNNGEVKQP $NCEMDWTP /WUGWO 1ZHQTF 6HP -CTVQPKGTV QDGTG 'EMG FGU &GEMGNU KUV OKV YGKGT (CTDG DGUEJOWV\V CPUQPUVGP VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF
.
5;..1)' 07//147/ )4#'%147/ &'765%*.#0& 5VCCVNKEJG /ÒP\UCOONWPI /ÒPEJGP $CPF $GTNKP +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP VCFGNQUGU 'ZGORNCT
.
5VCCVNKEJG /ÒP\UCOONWPI /ÒPEJGP *GHV *KURCPKC )CNNKC 0CTDQPGPUKU 'VTWTKC 7ODTKC 2KEGPWO .CVKWO 5COPKWO (TGPVCPK %CORCPKC #RWNKC -CNCDTKGP .WMCPKGP $TWV VKWO 0T -CTVJCIGT KP +VCNKGP 0T 5KMGNKC 0T 6TQCU .GUDQU 0T +QPKGP 0T 2JT[IKGP 0T $GTNKP /ÒPEJGP (QNKQ 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
5NI XQP #WNQEM *GHV -CTKGP .[FKGP .[MKGP 2CORJ[NKGP 2KUKFKGP .[MCQPKGP +UCW TKGP $GTNKP (QNKQ 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
/ÒP\UCOONWPI FGT 7PKXGTUKV·V 6ÒDKPIGP $·PFG $GTNKP D\Y /ÒPEJGP 0T : 5 6HP 6HP 6HP 6HP 6HP 6HP )TQHQNKQ 1TKI $TQ UEJWT
.
/ÒP\UCOONWPI FGT 7PKXGTUKV·V 6ÒDKPIGP *GHV 6CWTKUEJG %JGTUQPGU -QTM[TC 0T #MCTPCPKGP $KVJ[PKGP 0T /[UKGP +QPKGP 0T $GTNKP /ÒPEJGP (QNKQ 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
2H·N\GT 2TKXCVUCOONWPIGP $CPF WPF 2CORJ[NKGP 0T 2KUKFKGP WPF .[MCQPKGP 0T /ÒPEJGP $GKFG $·PFG UKPF GKPJGKVNKEJ KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
.
9 .'5%**140 *GT\QI #PVQP 7NTKEJ /WUGWO $TCWPUEJYGKI -CVCNQI FGT ITKGEJKUEJGP /ÒP\GP $TCWPUEJYGKI 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP
.
5;..1)' 07//147/ )4#'%147/ )4+'%*'0.#0& %QNNGEVKQP 4¾PC * 'XGNRKFKU #VJ½PGU $·PFG .QWXCKPGU 6HP )TQHQNKQ -CTVQPKGTV $CPF OKV -NGDGHQNKGPÒDGT \WI
%QNNGEVKQP 4¾PC * 'XGNRKFKU #VJ½PGU *GHVG .QWXCKP *GHV +VCNKG 5KEKNG 6JTCEG *GHV /CE¾FQPKG 6JGUUCNKG +NN[TKG RKTG %QTE[TG (QNKQ *CNDNGKPGP #
.
$GK $CPF JCPFGNV GU UKEJ WO 'ZGORNCT 0T $GK $CPF WO 'ZGORNCT 0T
38
ANTIKE - GRIECHEN .
5;..1)' 07//147/ )4#'%147/ )4155$4+6#00+'0 $CPF 6GKN 6JG %QNNGEVKQP QH %CRV ' ) 5RGPEGT %JWTEJKNN / % QH 0QTVJYKEM 2CTM 6JG 5CNVKPI %QNNGEVKQP QH VJG 8KEVQTKC CPF #NDGTV /WUGWO .QPFQP 6HP -CTVQPKGTV UVCTM DGUVQÂGP
.
$CPF 6JG .QEMGVV %QNNGEVKQP .QPFQP 6HP (QNKQ *CNDNGKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQÂGP
.
$CPF (KV\YKNNKCO /WUGWO .GCMG CPF )GPGTCN %QNNGEVKQPU $·PFG *GHVG 5RCPKGP 6JTCMKGP 0CEJFTWEM .QPFQP FGT #WUICDG .QPFQP *GHVG 2QPVWU 0CDCVJCGC .QPFQP *CNDNGKPGP
$CPF #UJOQNGCP /WUGWO 1ZHQTF 6GKNG # .QPFQP 0GY ;QTM 6GKN # +VCN[ 'VTWTKC .WECPKC 6JWTKWO 6GKN +VCN[ 5KEKN[ %CVJCIG 6GKN /CEGFQPKC 6GKN 2CGQPKC 6JGUUCN[ 6GKN $QURQTWU #GQNKU (QNKQ -CTVQPKGTV Z *CNDNGKPGP Z )CP\NGKPGP Z 6GKNG DGUVQÂGP
.
.
$CPF 6JG $TKVKUJ /WUGWO 6GKN 5RCKP .QPFQP 5 FCXQP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
$CPF 6JG *WPVGTKCP /WUGWO 7PKXGTUKV[ QH )NCUIQY 0GY ;QTM 6GKN 4QOCP 2TQXKPEKCN %QKPU 5RCKP -KPIFQOU QH #UKC /KPQT 6HP 6GKN 4QOCP 2TQXKPEKCN %QKPU %[RTWU 'I[RV 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
5;..1)' 07//147/ )4#'%147/ +6#.+'0 /KNCPQ %KXKEJG 4CEEQNVG 0WOKUOCVKEJG 6GKN /KNCPQ 5 FCXQP 6HP 5 FCXQP 6HP 5 FCXQP 6HP 5 FCXQP 6HP -CTVQPKGTV 6GKN W CO 4Ã&#x2019;EMGP GVYCU DGUEJ·FKIV
5;..1)' 07//147/ )4#'%147/ ¤56'44'+%* 5COONWPI &TGGT -NCIGPHWTV KO .CP FGUOWUGWO -·TPVGP $CPF WPF -NCIGPHWTV 6GKN +VCNKGP 5K\KNKGP 6GKN 5RCPKGP )CNNKGP -GNVGPN·PFGT (QNKQ *CNDNGKPGP 4Ã&#x2019;EMGP XQP 6GKN GVYCU N·FKGTV 6GKN OKV DGKIGNGIVGT -QP MQTFCP\NKUVG #
5COONWPI &TGGT -NCIGPHWTV KO .CPFGUOWUGWO -·TPVGP $·PFG -NCIGPHWTV 5 6HP 6HP 6HP )TQÂHQNKQ 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQÂGP *KPVGTGT &GEMGN DGK $CPF NGKEJV GKPIGTKUUGP
5;..1)' 07//147/ )4#'%147/ 5%*9'&'0 $CPF 6JG %QNNGEVKQP QH *KU .CVG /CLG UV[ -KPI )WUVCH 8+ #FQNH 6JG (TGF (QTDCV %QNNGEVKQP 5VQEMJQNO 5 FCXQP 6HP (QNKQ 1TKI $TQUEJWT $CPF 6JG %QNNGEVKQP QH VJG 4Q[CN %QKP %CDKPGV 0CVKQPCN /WUGWO QH /QPGVCT[ *KUVQT[ 5VQEMJQNO 6GKN )CNNKC 5KEKN[ 5VQEMJQNO 5 FCXQP 6HP (QNKQ 1TKI $TQ UEJWT 6GKN 6JG ) & .QTKEJU EQNNGEVKQP 5VQEMJQNO 6HP (QNKQ )CP\NGKPGP
$CPF 6JG %QNNGEVKQP QH *KU .CVG /CLGUV[ -KPI )WUVCH 8+ #FQNH 6JG (TGF (QTDCV %QNNGEVKQP 5VQEM JQNO 5 FCXQP 6HP (QNKQ 1TKI $TQUEJWT $CPF 6JG %QNNGEVKQP QH VJG 4Q[CN %QKP %CDKPGV 0CVKQPCN /WUGWO QH /QPGVCT[ *KUVQT[ 5VQEMJQNO 6GKN )CNNKC 5KEKN[ 5VQEMJQNO 5 FCXQP 6HP (QNKQ 1TKI $TQUEJWT 6GKN 6JTCEG 'WDQKC 5VQEMJQNO 5 OKV FGP 6HP (QNKQ 1TKI MCTVQPKGTV OKPKOCN DGUVQÂGP #
5;..1)' 07//147/ )4#'%147/ 5%*9'+< $CPF 5WRRNGOGPV .GXCPVG %KEKNKC <Ã&#x2019;TKEJ :8+++ 5 6HP $CPF /Ã&#x2019;P\GP FGT #PVKMG -CVCNQI FGT 5NI ,GCP 2KGTTG 4KIJGVVK KO $GTPK UEJGP *KUVQTKUEJGP /WUGWO $CN±\U -CRQUU[ $GTP 5VWVVICTV 9KGP 'KPKIG 5 6HP +P $·PFGP KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
.
.
.
.
.
.
357
.
5YKV\GTNCPF + .GXCPVG %KEKNKC $GTP 5 FCXQP -CTVG 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
39
ANTIKE - GRIECHEN .
5;..1)' 07//147/ )4#'%147/ 6ª4-'+ 6WTMG[ #PCOWT /WUGWO $CPF 4QOCP 2TQXKPEKCN %QKPU +UVCPDWN :+++ 5 FCXQP 6HP 6WTMG[ %CPCMMCNG /WUGWO $CPF 4QOCP 2TQXKPEKCN %QKPU QH /[UKC 6TQCU GVE +UVCPDWN 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
5;..1)' 07//147/ )4#'%147/ 70)#40 $WFCRGUV /CI[CT 0GO\GVK /Ð\GWO $CPF *KURCPKC 5KEKNKC 6GKN /KNCPQ 5 FCXQP 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
.
5;..1)' 07//147/ )4#'%147/ 75# 6JG $WTVQP ; $GTT[ %QNNGEVKQP $CPF /CEGFQ PKC VQ #VVKEC 0GY ;QTM 6HP *CNDNGKPGP
.
6#.+'4%+1 /'05+6+'4+ / .C OQPGVC\KQPG FK 8CNGPVKC %GPVTQ +PVGTPC\KQPCNG FK 5VWFK 0WOKU OCVKEK $KDNKQVJGEC 4QO 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
6*1/2510 / 6JG #ITKPKQP *QCTF 00/ 0GY ;QTM 8 5 6HP 1TKI $TQ UEJWT //#)
.
#NGZCPFGT U &TCEJO /KPVU + 5CTFGU CPF /KNGVWU 05 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP #NGZCP FGT U &TCEJO /KPVU ++ .CORUCEWU CPF #D[FWU 05 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP 1TKI )CP\ NGKPGP
.
6*1/2510 / /¦4-*1./ 1 -4##; % / *TUI #P +PXGPVQT[ QH )TGGM %QKP *QCTFU 0GY ;QTM :8+++ 5 (CNVMCTVGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
612#.18 5 6JG 1TF[UKCP -KPIFQO HTQO VJG NCVG HKHVJ VQ VJG OKF HQWTVJ % $ % %QPVTKDWVKQPU VQ VJG UVWF[ QH KVU EQKPCIG CPF JKUVQT[ 5QHKC 5 6HP /GUUCODTKC 2QPVKEC %QPVTKDWVKQP VQ VJG UVWF[ VJG EQKP OKPVKPI QH VJG EKV[ HKHVJ HKTUV E $ % 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
64'514 &' 07/+5/#6+37' '6 &' ).;26+37' 0WOKUOCVKSWG FGU 4QKU )TGEU 2CTKU Q , 5 $GUEJTGKDWPI DKU 6H 6HP *CNDNGFGT GVYCU DGUVQGP 6GKNYGKUG UVQEMHNGEMKI 8QTUCV\ DNCVV HGJNV
.
0WOKUOCVKSWG FGU 4QKU )TGEU 2CTKU Q , 5 $GUEJTGKDWPI DKU 6H 6HP *CNDNGFGT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP 8QTUCV\DNCVV HGJNV (NGEMGP CWH FGP 6HP WPF
.
64 514 &' 07/+5/#6+37' '6 &' ).;26+37' 0WOKUOCVKSWG FGU 4QKU )TGEU 2CTKU 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT OKV )CP\IQNFUEJPKVV GVYCU UVQEMHNGEMKI
.
5GNVGPGU 9GTM OKV UEJÌPGP +NNWUVTCVKQPGP
.
641:'.. * # 6JG 0QTOCP &CXKU %QNNGEVKQP #%0#% 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT - *'4$'46 6JG ,QJP /CZ 9WNHKPI %QNNGEVKQP KP 9CUJKPIVQP 7PKXGTUKV[ #%0#% 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP .GKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
6JG %QKPCIG QH VJG .[EKCP .GCIWG 00/ 0GY ;QTM :8++ 5 6HP -CTVG )CP\ NGKPGP //#)
.
5VWFKGU KP VJG /CEGFQPKCP %QKPCIG QH #NGZCPFGT VJG ITGCV 05 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
65#0)#4+ & + %QTRWU FGU /QPPCKGU FyQT FyCTIGPV GV FG $TQP\G FG NC %QPH¾F¾TCVKQP ¾VQNKGPPG #VJGP 5 FCXQP 6CDGNNGP 6HP WPF -CTVG 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
67&''4 . 1 6 &KG 6GFTCFTCEJOGPRT·IWPI XQP 5[TCMWU KP FGT 2GTKQFG QFGT FGT UKIPKGTGPFGP -ÒPUVNGT 5& CWU <H0 $GTNKP 5 6HP )CP\NGFGT -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV //#)
.
&KG 6GVTCFTCEJOGPRT·IWPI XQP 5[TCMWU 0CEJFTWEM $QNQIPC FGT 1TKIKPCNCWUICDG $GTNKP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
&KG 6GFTCFTCEJOGPRT·IWPI XQP 5[TCMWU KP FGT 2GTKQFG FGT UKIPKGTGPFGP -ÒPUVNGT 5& CWU <H0 $GTNKP 5 6HP )TÒPGT )CP\NGFGTGKPDCPF -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV //#)
.
8+..#410)# . 6JG #GU %QKPCIG QH 'ORQTKQP $#4 5[RRNGOGPVCT[ 5GTKGU 1ZHQTF 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
8+5/#4# 0 /QPGVC\KQPG CTECKEC FGNNC .[EKC + +N FKPCUVC 9GMJUUGTG + )NCWZ /KNCPQ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT /QPGVC\KQPG CTECKEC FGNNC .[EKC ++ .C EQNNG\KQPG 9KPUG OCPP (CNIJGTC )NCWZ /KNCPQ 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQGP /QPGVC\KQPG CTECKEC FGNNC .[EKC +++ .G RTKOG GOKUUKQPK FGN 9GFTK )NCWZ /KNCPQ ::+8 5 OKV \CJN TGKEJGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV
.
81')6.+ * $KNFGT FGT *GNFGPGRGP KP FGT MCKUGT\GKVNKEJGP ITKGEJKUEJGP /ÒP\RT·IWPI #GUEJ :8 5 6HP DGKIGNGIV 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQGP //#)
.
81)6 , &KG CNGZCPFTKPKUEJGP /ÒP\GP )TWPFNGIWPI GKPGT CNGZCPFTKPKUEJGP -CKUGTIGUEJKEJVG $·PFG 5VWVVICTV : 5 6HP +8 5 +P \YGK $·PFGP KP TQVGO )CP\NGFGT IGDWPFGP 4ÒEMGP NGKEJV CWUIGDNKEJGP //#)
40
ANTIKE - GRIECHEN .
&KG CNGZCPFTKPKUEJGP /ÒP\GP )TWPFNGIWPI GKPGT CNGZCPFTKPKUEJGP -CKUGTIGUEJKEJVG $·PFG 5VWVVICTV 'Z NKDTKU : 5 6HP +8 5 +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP GKPIGJGHVGVGT #WU\WI CWU FGO )PQOQP 5 GKPKIG 0QVK\GP XGTOGJTV CWH FGP GTUVGP 5GKVGP //#)
9#&&+0)610 9 * $#$'.10 ' 4'+0#%* 6 4GEWGKN I¾P¾TCN FGU OQPPCKGU )TGESWGU F # UKG /KPGWTG $CPF 2CTKU 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 4ÒEMGP NQUG WPF DGUEJ·FKIV GDGPUQ 'KPDCPF FGU 6CHGNDCPFGU +PJCNV VCFGNNQU
.
9#..#%' 9 2 6JG 'WDQKCP .GCIWG CPF KVU %QKPCIG 00/ 0GY ;QTM :+ 5 6HP -CTVG (CNVVCDGNNG 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
6JG 'WDQKCP .GCIWG CPF KVU %QKPCIG 00/ 0GY ;QTM :+ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV 4ÒEMGP NGKEJV CWUIGDNKEJGP //#)
.
9#44'0 , # 9 6JG $TQP\G %QKPCIG QH VJG #EJCKCP -QKPQP 6JG %WTTGPE[ QH C (GFGTCN +FGCN .QPFQP :8+ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
9'+. 4 &KG -ÒPUVNGTKPUEJTKHVGP FGT UKEKNKUEJGP /ÒP\GP $GTNKP 5 OKV #DD UQYKG 6HP WPF IGIGPÒDGT LGYGKNU FKG $GUEJTGKDWPI FGT KPUIGU /ÒP\GP 5EJÌPGT .GFGTGKPDCPF
.
9'56 # $ )QNF EQKPU HTQO VJG 6JTCEKCP EQCUV 00/ 0GY ;QTM 5 OKV #DD 6HP )CP\NGKPGP -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV WPF IQNFGPGP &GEMGNRT·IWPIGP NGKEJV CWUIGDNKEJGPGT 4ÒEMGP
.
9'56'4/#4- 7 ,'0-+05 - 6JG %QKPCIG QH -COCTKPC 405 5RGEKCN 2WDNKECVKQP .QPFQP 5 FCXQP (CNVMCTVG 6HP .GKPGP
.
9*+6'*'#& 4 $ %CVCNQIWG QH %QKPU KP VJG 2CPLCD /WUGWO .CJQTG 8QN +PFQ )TGGM %QKPU 1ZHQTF :++ 5 6HP .GKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV VGKNYGKUG WPCWHIGUEJPKV VGP //#)
.
9+..+#/5 4 6 6JG %QPHGFGTCVG %QKPCIG QH VJG #TECFKCPU KP VJG (KHVJ %GPVWT[ $ % 00/ 0GY ;QTM :+: 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
6JG 5KNXGT %QKPCIG QH VJG 2JQMKCPU 405 5RGEKCN 2WDNKECVKQP .QPFQP +: 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
914- ' 6JG 'CTNKGT 5VCVGTU QH *GTCENKC .WECPKCG 00/ 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP //#) &C\W (KHVJ CPF HQWTVJ EGPVWT[ IQNF EQKPU HTQO VJG 6JTCEKCP %QCUV 00/ 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP $GKFG $ÒEJGT UKPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP WPF YGTFGP FWTEJ GKPGP -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV IGUEJOÒEMV
947%- 9 &KG U[TKUEJG 2TQXKP\KCNRT·IWPI XQP #WIWUVWU DKU 6TCKCP 5VWVVICTV 8+++ 5 OKV #DD 6HP )CP\NGFGT 4ÒEMGP OKPKOCN CWUIGDNKEJGP //#)
.
.
393
.
&KG U[TKUEJG 2TQXKP\KCNRT·IWPI XQP #WIWUVWU DKU 6TCKCP 5VWVVICTV 8+++ 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT //#)
'Z NKDTKU &T * -KFGT[
.
&KG U[TKUEJG 2TQXKP\KCNRT·IWPI XQP #WIWUVWU DKU 6TCKCP 5VWVVICTV 8+++ 5 6HP $TQ UEJKGTV //#)
41
ANTIKE - RÖMER .
<+').'4 4 /ÒP\GP -KNKMKGPU CWU MNGKPGTGP FGWVUEJGP 5COONWPIGP 8GUVKIKC /ÒPEJGP 8+++ 5 -CTVG 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
<1081.76 )4+'%*+5%*' 07/+5/#6+- -QPXQNWV XQP /QPQITCRJKGP WPF 5QPFGTFTWEMGP \WT ITKGEJKUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM W C XQP # 9+0<'4 #PVKMG 2QVTCKVOÒP\GP FGT 2GTUGT WPF )TKGEJGP CWU XQT JGNNGPKUVKUEJT <GKV 5VWVVICTV * -1%* # JQCTF QH EQKPU HTQO GCUVGTP 2CTVJKC 00/ 0GY ;QTM & 1 # -.15' 8QP #NGZCPFGT \W -NGQRCVTC *GTTUEJGTRQTVT·VU FGT )TKGEJGP WPF $CTDCTGP /ÒPEJGP 4 2.#06 )TGGM EQKP V[RGU CPF VJGKT KFGPVKHKECVKQP .QPFQP % 5GNV OCP )TGGM EQKPU .QPFQP /QPQITCRJKGP WPF 5QPFGTFTWEMG 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWPFGP
-1081.76 07/+5/#6+% 016'5 #0& /101)4#2*5 0T (KHVJ CPF HQWTVJ %GPVWT[ )QNF EQKPU HTQO VJG 6JTCEKCP %QCUV 0QVGU QP VJG #PEKGPV %QKPCIG QH *KURCPKC %KVGTKQT .CVG 5GNGWEKF /KPVU KP #MG 2VQNGOCKU CPF &COCUEWU %JG OKECN %QORQUKVKQP QH 2CTVJKCP %QKPU 0GY ;QTM 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
4¤/'4 .
#.(¤.&+ # &KG -QPVQTPKCVGP 'KP XGTMCPPVGU 2TQRCICPFCOKVVGN FGT 5VCFVTÌOKUEJGP JGKFPKUEJGP #TKUVQMTCVKG KP KJTGO -CORHG IGIGP FCU EJTKUVNKEJG -CKUGTVWO $WFCRGUV 5 6HP .GKPGP
.
#.(¤.&+ # #.(¤.&+ ' &KG -QPVQTPKCV /GFCKNNQPU #/7)5 $FG $GTNKP 0GY ;QTM :8+ 5 (CNVVHP 6HP KO 5EJWDGT ::+++ 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
#.4#/ / &KG /ÒP\RT·IWPI FGU -CKUGTU /CZKOKPWU + 6JTCZ /+4 9KGP 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
#/#0&4; / '56+16 5 )#76+'4 ) .G OQPPC[CIG FG N CVGNKGT FG .[QP CX , % CRT , % 5WRRN¾OGPV ++ 0WOKUOCVKSWG 4QOCKPG 9GVVGTGP 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
#/#0&4; / 4'/; $ %QOCPC FW 2QPV UQWU Ny'ORKTG TQOCKP 'VWFG JKUVQTKSWG GV EQTRWU OQP¾VCKTG )NCWZ /CKNCPF 5 -CTVGP 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
.
#45.#0 / 6JG EQKPU QH )CNCVKCP -KPIFQO CPF 4QOCP %QKPCIG QH #PE[TC KP )CNCVKC #PMCTC 5 6HP VGKNYGKUG CWEJ HCTDKIG 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
.
#5-'9 ) 6JG %QKPCIG QH 4QOCP $TKVCKP .QPFQP (TQPVKURK\ 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD )CP\NGK PGP #
.
#51.#6+ / +N VGUQTQ FK HCNGTKK PQXK 0WQXK EQPVTKDWVK UWNNC OQPGVC\KQPG KVCNKEC KP DTQP\Q FGINK CPPK FK 4KEKOGTQ F % 0WOKUOCVKEC 2CVCXKPC 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
$#$'.10 ' &GUETKRVKQP JKUVQTKSWG GV EJTQPQNQIKSWG FGU OQPPCKGU FG NC 4¾RWDNKESWG 4QOCKPG XWN ICKTGOGPV CRRGN¾GU OQPPCKGU EQPUWNCKTGU $·PFG 2CTKU :++ .8+ 5 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD KO 6GZV *CNDNGFGT UVCTM DGUVQGP //#)
407
.
$#*4('.&6 / XQP 0CEJVT·IG WPF $GTKEJVKIWPIGP \WT /ÒP\MWPFG FGT 4ÌOKUEJGP 4GRWDNKM KO #PUEJNWUU CP $CDGNQPU 8GT\GKEJPKU FGT %QPUWNCT /ÒP\GP 9KGP +: 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT DGUVQGP 8QP $CJTHGNFV PWOOGTKGTVGU 0T WPF WPVGTUEJTKGDGPGU 'ZGORNCT 6CHGNVGKN FWTEJUEJQUUGP WPF OKV 0QVK\GP //#) 5GJT UGNVGPGU 9GTM
42
ANTIKE - RÖMER .
.
&KG 4ÌOKUEJG )QNFOÒP\GPRT·IWPI Y·JTGPF FGT 4GRWDNKM WPF WPVGT #WIWUVWU 'KPG EJTQPQNQIKUEJG WPF OGVTQNQIKUEJG 5VWFKG *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG :8+ 5 OKV #DD 6HP )CP\NGFGT OKV )QNFXGT \KGTWPIGP //#)
&KG 4ÌOKUEJG )QNFOÒP\GPRT·IWPI Y·JTGPF FGT 4GRWDNKM WPF WPVGT #WIWUVWU 'KPG EJTQPQNQIKUEJG WPF OGVTQNQIKUEJG 5VWFKG *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG :8+ 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
*CPFUEJTKHVNKEJGT $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM ' $GEMGPDCWGT CWH FGO 6KVGNDNCVV
.
$#06+ # + )TCPFK $TQP\K +ORGTKCNK $CPF (KTGP\G 'KPJGKVNKEJ KP DNCWGO -WPUV NGFGT IGDWPFGP VGKNYGKUG OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
$#06+ # 5+/10'66+ . %QTRWU 0WOOQTWO 4QOCPQTWO $·PFG (KTGP\G 'KP JGKVNKEJ KP ITÒPGO )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP CWHYGPFKI IGUVCNVGVG &GEMGN WPF 4ÒEMGP OKV )QNFXGT\KGTWP IGP 4ÒEMGP XQP $CPF UVCTM CDIGTKGDGP CPUQPUVGP JGTXQTTCIGPFGT <WUVCPF
.
%QTRWU 0WOOQTWO 4QOCPQTWO $·PFG (KTGP\G )CP\NGKPGP
.
$#56+'0 2 .G OQPPC[CIG FG N CVGNKGT FG .[QP &KQENGVKGP GV UGU EQT¾IGPVU CXCPV NC T¾HQTOG OQP¾VCKTG 0WOKUOCVKSWG TQOCKPG 9GVVGTGP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
.G OQPPC[CIG FG N CVGNKGT FG .[QP FG NC T¾QWXGTVWTG FG N CVGNKGT RCT #WT¾NKGP ¯ NC OQTV FG %CTKP HKP OK 0WOKUOCVKSWG 4QOCKPG 9GVVGTGP 5 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP
.
.G OQPPC[CIG FG N CVGNKGT FG .[QP &G NC T¾HQTOG OQP¾VCKTG FG &KQENGVKGP ¯ NC HGTOGVWTG VGORQTCKTG FG N CVGNKGT GP 0WOKUOCVKSWG 4QOCKPG 9GVVGTGP 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP //#)
.
.G OQPPC[CIG FG N CVGNKGT FG .[QP FG NC T¾QWXGTVWTG FG N CVGNKGT GP ¯ NC OQTV FG %QPUVCPVKP 0WOKUOCVKSWG 4QOCKPG 9GVVGTGP 5 6HP .GKPGP #
.
.G OQPPC[CIG FG /CIPGPEG #WHNCIG 0WOKUOCVKSWG 4QOCKPG 9GVVGTGP 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
.G OQPPC[CIG FG N CVGNKGT FG .[QP FG NC OQTV FG %QPUVCPVKP ¯ NC OQTV FG ,WNKGP 0WOKUOCVK SWG 4QOCKPG 9GVVGTGP 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
.G OQPPC[CIG FG N CVGNKGT FG .[QP FW T½IPG FG ,QXKGP ¯ NC OQTV FG ,QXKP 0WOKUOCVKSWG 4QOCKPG 9GVVGTGP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
$#56+'0 2 #/#0&4; / )#76+'4 ) .G OQPPC[CIG FG N CVGNKGT FG .[QP 5WRRN¾OGPV 2 $#56+'0 .G O¾FCKNNQP FG RNQOD FG .[QP 0WOKUOCVKSWG 4QOCKPG 9GVVGTGP 5 6HP 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
$#56+'0 2 %16*'0'6 # 6T¾UQTU /QP¾VCKTGU FW EJGT 0WOKUOCVKSWG 4QOCKPG 8+++ 9GVVGTGP 5 OKV #DD 6CDGNNGP KO 6GZV 6HP $TQUEJKGTV
.
$#56+'0 2 *78'.+0 * 6TQWXCKNNG FG (QNNGU FG NC 2¾TKQFG %QPUVCPVKPKGPPG 0WOKU OCVKSWG 4QOCKPG 9GVVGTGP 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
$'..+0)'4 # 4 6JG 5[TKCP 6GVTCFTCEJOU QH %CTCECNNC CPF /CETKPWU 05 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #
.
$'40*#46 / *CPFDWEJ \WT /ÒP\MWPFG FGT TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT\GKV $·PFG *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG 5 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP //#)
.
*CPFDWEJ \WT /ÒP\MWPFG FGT TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT\GKV $·PFG *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG 5 5 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP -QRHTQVUEJPKVV WPVGTG 4ÒEMGP NGKEJV DGTKGDGP CPUQPUVGP UGJT IWV GTJCNVGP //#)
*CPFDWEJ \WT /ÒP\MWPFG FGT TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT\GKV $·PFG *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG 5 5 6HP +P DNCWGP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP -QRHTQVUEJPKVV 'KPDCPF OKV NGKEJVGO 9CUUGTUEJCFGP FGT +PJCNV KUV FCXQP PKEJV DGVTQHHGP //#)
.
$'51/$'5 2 # /QPPCKGU FG Ny'ORKTG TQOCKP +8 6TCLCP CRT½U , % 2CTKU 5VTCUDQWTI 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
$.#0& 4 6JG %JCNHQPV *QCTF CPF QVJGT 4QOCP %QKP *QCTFU %QKP *QCTFU HTQO 4QOCP $TKVCKP .QPFQP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
$.1'5%* * 'TKPPGTWPIGP CP #KIGCK 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPI FGU /ÒP\MCDKPGVVU 9KPVGTVJWT 9KPVGTVJWT 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
$47%- ) &KG UR·VTÌOKUEJG -WRHGTRT·IWPI 'KP $GUVKOOWPIUDWEJ HÒT UEJNGEJV GTJCNVGPG /ÒP\GP )TC\ ::+: 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD <GKVVH CWUIGTKUUGP -CTVG )CP\NGKPGP
.
43
ANTIKE - RÖMER .
$744'4 ( /ÒP\RT·IWPI WPF )GUEJKEJVG FGU 6JGUUCNKUEJGP $WPFGU KP FGT 4ÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT\GKV DKU CWH *CFTKCP X %JT P %JT 5CCTDTÒEMGT 5VWFKGP \WT #TEJ·QNQIKG WPF #NVGP )GUEJKEJVG 5CCTDTÒEMGP ::8 5 &KCITCOOG 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
$7664'; LT 6 8 6JG 6TKWOXKTCN 2QVTCKV )QNF QH VJG 3WCVVWQXKTK /QPGVCNGU QH $ % 00/ 0GY ;QTM : 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT #
.
%#/2#0# # .C OQPGVC\KQPG FGINK KPUQTVK +VCNKEK FWTCPVG NC )WGTTC 5QEKCNG C % /QFGPC :8 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI //#)
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN 'Z $KDNKQVJGEC ,GNNKUUGP KO 8QTUCV\
.
%#4510 4 # ) 2 8 *+.. , 2 % -'06 .CVG 4QOCP $TQP\G %QKPCIG # & .QPFQP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
%+</'.+ < .G OQPPC[CIG FG 0¾QE¾UCT¾G GV FW MQKPQP FW 2QPV )NCWZ /CKNCPF 5 -CTVGP 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
436
.
%1*'0 * &GUETKRVKQP JKUVQTKSWG FGU OQPPCKGU HTCRR¾GU UQWU N 'ORKTG 4QOCKP EQOOWPGOGPV CR RGN¾GU O¾FCKNNGU KOR¾TKCNGU #WHNCIG 2CTKU .QPFQP $CPF ::8++ 5 :8+ 5 5 5 5 5 6H 5 5 LGYGKNU OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD +P GKPJGKVNKEJ DTCWPGP *CNDNGFGTGKPD·PFGP OKV $ÒPFGP IGDWPFGP &GEMGN XQP $CPF WPF NQUG XGTUEJKGFGP UVCTM DGUVQGP WPF DGTKGDGP +PJCNV VCFGNNQU #
.
%1/2#4'66' 6 . #GU UKIPCVWO %JKECIQ 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
%4#9(14& / * 4QOCP 4GRWDNKECP %QKP *QCTFU 405 5RGEKCN 2WDNKECVKQP .QPFQP 8+ 5 OKV 6CDGNNGP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
4QOCP 4GRWDNKECP %QKPCIG $·PFG %CODTKFIG W C :+8 5 :+ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF #
.
&'2';416 ) .GU ¾OKUUKQPU OQP¾VCKTGU F #TNGU 3WCVTK½OG EKPSWK½OG UK½ENGU %QNNGEVKQP /QPGVC 9GVVGTGP 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
'./'4 ) 'ZMWTU ÒDGT FKG TÌO )QNFDCTTGP CWU 5KTOKWO 0CKUUWU W 6JGUUCNQPKEG W KJTG &CVKG TWPI +P 0WOK\OCVKECT XQO /CK 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD 9GKVGTG #WHU·V\G W C - 2+0- &KG 'ZCIKC UQNKFK 5 ) './'4 <YGK 5EJCWOÒP\GP FGU )CNNWU W 8QNWUKCPWU CWU 8KOKPCEKWO KP FGT 5COONWPI 9GKHGTV 5 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQGP +P FGT /KVVG IGMPKEMV
.
'4%1.#0+ %1%%*+ ' %CVCNQIQ FGNNC EQNNG\KQPG PWOKUOCVKEC FK %CTNQ 2KCPECUVGNNK /QPGVC\KQPG 4QOCPC +ORGTKCNG F % (QTNK 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
(+6< , &GT )GNFWONCWH FGT TÌOKUEJGP 2TQXKP\GP KO &QPCWIGDKGV /KVVG FGU ,CJTJWPFGTVU $·PFG $WFCRGUV $QPP 5 FCXQP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
&GT )GNFWONCWH FGT TÌOKUEJGP 2TQXKP\GP KO &QPCWIGDKGV /KVVG FGU ,CJTJWPFGTVU $·PFG $WFC RGUV $QPP 5 FCXQP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
44
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN XQP ,CESWGU 5EJWNOCP $ 8
ANTIKE - RÖMER .
.
(4+'&.#'0&'4 , ªDGT GKPKIG TÌOKUEJG /GFCKNNQPU #WU FGP #DJCPFNWPIGP FGT MÌPKIN #MCFGOKG FGT 9KUUGPUEJCHVGP \W $GTNKP $GTNKP 5 6H -CTVQPKGTV UVQEMHNGEMKI VGKNYGKUG WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP
(41'*0'4 9 .GU O¾FCKNNQPU FG N GORKTG TQOCKP FGRWKU NG T½IPG F #WIWUVG LWUSW C 2TKUEWU #VVCNG 2CTKU :8 5 OKV #DD KO 6GZV *CNDNGFGT VGKNYGKUG UVQEMHNGEMKI #
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN XQP ,QUGH 6JGQFQT /CNNOCPP KO 8QTUCV\
.
(7%*5 ) CWU FGO 0CEJNCUU JTUI XQP , $.'+%-'0 / (7*4/#00 #TEJKVGMVWTFCTUVGNNWPIGP CWH TÌOKUEJGP /ÒP\GP FGT 4GRWDNKM WPF FGT HTÒJGP -CKUGT\GKV #/7)5 $GTNKP ::8 5 OKV #DD 6HP KP FGT $GKNCIG )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
)'$*#46 * -4#(6 - &KG (WPFOÒP\GP FGT TÌOKUEJGP <GKV KP &GWVUEJNCPF #DVGKNWPI ++ $CFGP 9ÒTVVGODGTI $CPF 5ÒFYÒTVVGODGTI *QJGP\QNNGTP $GTNKP 5 (CNVVH )CP\NGKPGP
.
)+#4& , $ .G OQPPC[CIG FG N CVGNKGT FG .[QP FGU QTKIKPGU CW T½IPG FG %CNKIWNC CXCPV , % CRT½U , % 0WOKUOCVKSWG 4QOCKPG 9GVVGTGP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
.G OQPPC[CIG FG N CVGNKGT FG .[QP FG %NCWFG +GT ¯ 8GURCUKGP CRT½U , % GV CW VGORU FG %NQFKWU #NDKPWU CRT½U , % 0WOKUOCVKSWG 4QOCKPG 9GVVGTGP 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
/QPPCKGU FG N 'ORKTG TQOCKP $CPF #WIWUVG #WHNCIG 2CTKU :8+ 5 6HP -WPUVNG FGT OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI %CVCNQIWG FGU OQPPCKGU FG N GORKTG TQOCKP $CPF &G 6KD½TG ¯ 0¾TQP 2CTKU 5 6HP -WPUVNGFGT /QPPCKGU FG N 'ORKTG TQOCKP $CPF &W UQWN½XGOGPV FG CRT½U , % ¯ 0GTXC %CVCNQIWG 2CTKU +: 5 6HP (CTDVHP -WPUVNGFGT //#)
.
)+'5'%-' 9 &CU ·NVGTG TÌOKUEJG 2HWPF $GTNKP 5& CWU $GTNKPGT /ÒP\DN·VVGT 0 ( 5 )CP\NGKPGP OKV OQPVKGTVGO 6KVGN FGT $TQUEJWT 0GWYGTVKI
.
)+..,#/ * * #PVQPKPKCPK WPF #WTGK FGU 7NRKWU %QTPGNKWU .CGNKCPWU )GIGPMCKUGT FGU 2QUVWOWU -ÌNP 5 FCXQP 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
.
'ZGORNCT 0T XQP
.
.
.
.
)+6.'4 * 2106+0) / 6JG UKNXGT %QKPCIG QH 5GRVKOWU 5GXGTWU CPF JKU HCOKN[ #& # UVWF[ QH VJG %JGOKECN %QORQUKVKQP QH VJG 4QOCP CPF 'CUVGTP +UUWGU )NCWZ /CKNCPF 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
)/;4'- % 4ÌOKUEJG -CKUGT WPF ITKGEJKUEJG )ÌVVKP &KG TGNKIKÌU RQNKVKUEJG (WPMVKQP FGT #VJGPC /KPGTXC KP FGT 5GNDUV WPF 4GKEJUFCTUVGNNWPI FGT TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT 0QOKUOCVC /KNCPQ 5 #DD CWH 6HP -CTVQPKGTV //#)
)4+'4510 2 /#;5 / %CVCNQIWG QH .CVG 4QOCP %QKPU KP VJG &WODCTVQP 1CMU %QNNGEVKQP CPF KP VJG 9JKVVGOQTG %QNNGEVKQP (TQO #TECFKWU CPF *QPQTKWU VQ VJG #EEGUUKQP QH #PCUVCUKWU 9CUJKPIVQP & % :+8 5 FCXQP 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP //#)
)47'$'4 * # %QKPU QH VJG 4QOCP 4GRWDNKE KP VJG $TKVKUJ /WUGWO $·PFG 0CEJFTWEM 1ZHQTF FGT #WUICDG .QPFQP %::8 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD 5 6HP 'KPJGKVNKEJ TQVGU 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP 'KPDCPF XQP $CPF OKPKOCN DGUEJOWV\V //#)
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN 'Z DKDNKQVJGEC ,GNNKUUGP
.
*#'$'4.+0 ' , #GU ITCXG &CU 5EJYGTIGNF 4QOU WPF /KVVGNKVCNKGPU GKPUEJNKGNKEJ FGT KJO XQTCWU IGJGPFGP 4QJDTQP\GY·JTWPI (TCPMHWTV C / 'TUVGT $CPF GPVJCNVGPF FKG /ÒP\XGT\GKEJPKUUG ::8+++ 5 6H )TQHQNKQ *CNDNGKPGP
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN &T ( : 9GK\KPIGT %Q
.
#GU ITCXG &CU 5EJYGTIGNF 4QOU WPF /KVVGNKVCNKGPU GKPUEJNKGNKEJ FGT KJO XQTCWUIGJGPFGP 4QJDTQP\G Y·JTWPI $·PFG (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP ::8+++ 5 6H 6HP )TQHQNKQ *CNDNGFGT OKV -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV 'KPD·PFG GVYCU DGTKGDGP &GEMGN FGU 6GZVDCPFGU OKPKOCN DGUEJ·FKIV YGPKIG $NGK UVKHVPQVK\GP GTUVG 5GKVGP FGU 6CHGNDCPFGU OKV -PKEM //#)
.
*+.. 2 8 6JG &CVKPI CPF #TTCPIGOGPV QH VJG 7PFCVGF %QKPU QH 4QOG # & .QPFQP 5 FCXQP 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
+/*11( $.7/'4 ( 2QTVT·VMÌRHG CWH TÌOKUEJGP /ÒP\GP FGT 4GRWDNKM WPF FGT -CKUGT\GKV HÒT FGP 5EJWNIGDTCWEJ .GKR\KI 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP GVYCU DGUVQGP (NGEMG CWH FGP NGV\VGP 6HP *GTTUEJGTPCOGP CWH FGP 4ÒEMUGKVGP FGT 6CHGNP
,'.1%0+- # 0CLFDC CTIGPVGWUQX \IQFPLG 6GVTCTJKLG X 5KUMW 6JG 5KUCM *QCTF QH #TIGPVGK QH VJG 'CTN[ 6GVTCTEJ[ 5KVWNC .LWDNLCPC 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
.
/KV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGO $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM $GEMGPDCWGT CWH FGO 6KVGNDNCVV
.
%GPVWTUMC \CMNCFPC PCLFDC HQNKUQX OCMUGPEKLC KP VGVTCTJKLG 6JG %GPVWT *QCTF (QNNGU QH /CZGPVKWU CPF QH VJG 6GVTCTEJ[ 5KVWNC .LWDNLCPC 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
45
ANTIKE - RÖMER .
,1*05610 # )TGGM +ORGTKCN &GPQOKPCVKQPU EC # UVWF[ QH VJG 4QOCP 2TQXKPEKCN $TQP\G %QKPCIGU QH #UKC /KPQT 405 5RGEKCN RWDNKECVKQP 0Q .QPFQP 5 6HP -CTVGP )CP\NGKPGP
.
,15+(185-+ 2 4QOCP /KPV QH 5VQDK 0CVKQPCN $CPM QH VJG 4GRWDNKE QH /CEGFQPKC 5MQRLG 5 6HP .GKPGP
.
,747-18# , )TKGEJKUEJGU /ÒP\YGTM &KG /ÒP\RT·IWPI XQP &GWNVWO 5EJTKHVGP \WT )GUEJKEJVG WPF -WNVWT FGT #PVKMG $·PFG $GTNKP 8 5 -CTVG 6HP DGKIGNGIV *CNDNGKPGP OKPK OCN DGUVQGP
.
-#&/#0 . %02 ++ 6JG EQKPU QH %CGUCTGC /CTKVKOC ,GTWUCNGO 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
-#'0'. * / XQP /ÒP\RT·IWPI WPF /ÒP\DKNFPKU FGU %NCWFKWU #/7)5 $GTNKP :+++ 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN 'Z $KDNKQVJGEC ,GNNKUUGP
.
-'+/ , -.7/$#%* * &GT TÌOKUEJG 5EJCV\HWPF XQP 5VTCWDKPI /ÒPEJGP 8 (CTDMCTVG 5 OKV #DD 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
-'00'4 ( &KG /ÒP\UCOONWPI FGU 5VKHVGU 5V (NQTKCP KP 1DGT ¤UVGTTGKEJ KP GKPGT #WUYCJN KJTGT YKEJVKIUVGP 5VÒEMG 9KGP :::++ 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP 6CHGNP NGKEJV UVQEMHNGEMKI OKPKOCN DGUVQGP CPUQPUVGP JGTXQTTCIGPF GTJCNVGP //#)
'Z .KDTKU FGT 0WOKUOCVKUEJGP $KDNKQVJGM 5KGIOWPF 9GTMPGT +PPUDTWEM
.
-'06 , 2 % 18'4$'%- $ 56;.19 # 7 &KG TÌOKUEJG /ÒP\G /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP (CTDVHP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI //#)
.
-+'0#56 & 4ÌOKUEJG -CKUGTVCDGNNG )TWPF\ÒIG GKPGT TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGTEJTQPQNQIKG &CTOUVCFV ::8+ 5 )CP\NGKPGP
.
-1/0+%- * &KG /ÒP\RT·IWPI XQP 0KEQRQNKU CF /GUVWO $GTNKP 8+++ 5 6HP )CP\NGK PGP
.
-15 2 0CLFDC #PVQPKPKLCPQX 6TGVLGIC 5VQNGVLC # *QCTF QH VJKTF %GPVWT[ #PVQPKPKCPK 5KVWNC .LWDNLCPC 5 6HP .GKPGP
.
-15 2 5'/418 # 4KOUMK 0QXEK KP -QPVTCOCTMG K\ 5VQNGVLC 4QOCP +ORGTKCN %QKPU CPF %QWPVGTOCTMU QH VJG HKTUV EGPVWT[ #WIWUVWU 6TCKCPWU 5KVWNC 0CTQFPK OW\GL 5 FCXQP 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
.
-4##; % / 6JG #GU %QKPCIG QH )CNDC 00/ 0GY ;QTM : 5 (CNVFKCITCOOG 6HP )CP\NGKPGP OKV -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV 4ÒEMGP NGKEJV CWUIGDNKEJGP //#)
.
6JG #GU %QKPCIG QH )CNDC 00/ 0GY ;QTM : 5 6HP (CNVVCDGNNGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
.#%#/ ) .C HKP FG N 'ORKTG 4QOCKP GV NG OQPPC[CIG QT GP +VCNKG $·PFG .W\GTP (CTDKIGU (TQPVKURK\ 5 FCXQP 6HP (TQPVKURK\ 5 FCXQP 6HP 6HP LGYGKNU OKV XKGNGP #DD (QNKQ 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.#*75'0 ) &KG $KNFPKUOÒP\GP FGT TÌOKUEJGP 4GRWDNKM /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP (CTDVHP .GKPGP
.
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN 'Z $KDNKQVJGEC ,GNNKUUGP
.
.#0).1+5 8 0WOKUOCVKSWG FGU PQOGU F ¾I[RVG UQWU N CFOKPKUVTCVKQP TQOCKPG 2CTKU 'Z NKDTKU (CNVMCTVG 5 6HP +P )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP DGUVQGP GKPIGMNGDVG #TVKMGN WPF WP\·JNKIG #POGTMWPIGP WPF 0QVK\GP GKPKIG YGPKIG 5VQEMHNGEMGP
.
.''&5 ' 6 # *QCTF QH 4QOCP (QNNGU HTQO &KQENGVKCP U 4GHQTO # & VQ %QPUVCPVKPG %CGUCT (QWPF CV ([HKGNF $GTMU 1ZHQTF 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP //#)
.
.7-#0% + &KQENGVKCPXU FGT TÌOKUEJG -CKUGT CWU &CNOCVKGP 9GVVGTGP 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD KO 6GZV )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQUGU 'ZGORNCT //#)
.
/#46+0+ 4 /QPGVC\KQPG DTQP\GC TQOCPC VCTFQ TGRWDDNKECPC + &KXQU +WNKWU FK 1EVCXKCPWU CUUK FK 5GZVWU 2QORGKWU GOKUUKQPK FKG RTGHGVVK FK #PVQPKWU )NCWZ /KNCPQ 5 OKV OGJTGTGP 6HP
.
/#66+0).; * %QKPU QH VJG 4QOCP 'ORKTG KP VJG $TKVKUJ /WUGWO $·PFG KP 6GKNGP 0CEJ FTWEMG .QPFQP FGT #WUICDG .QPFQP .GKPGP
.
/#66+0).; * 5;&'0*#/ ' W C *TUI 6JG 4QOCP +ORGTKCN %QKPCIG 8QNWOG +: 8CNGP VKPKCP + VQ 6JGQFQUKWU + 0CEJFTWEM .QPFQP :.+8 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP PGWYGTVKI
46
ANTIKE - RÖMER .
6JG 4QOCP +ORGTKCN %QKPCIG 8QNWOG 8+ (TQO &KQENGVKCP U TGHQTO # & VQ VJG FGCVJ QH /CZK OKPWU # & 0& .QPFQP FGT #WUICDG .QPFQP ::+ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP (NGEM CWH FGT 5EJPKVVUGKVG
.
6JG 4QOCP +ORGTKCN %QKPCIG 8QNWOG : 6JG FKXKFGF GORKTG CPF VJG HCNN QH VJG YGUVGTP RCTVU #& 0& .QPFQP %.:::++ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP PGWYGTVKI
.
/#74+%' , 0WOKUOCVKSWG %QPUVCPVKPKGPPG +EQPQITCRJKG GV EJTQPQNQIKG &GUETKRVKQP JKUVQTKSWG FGU ¾OKUUKQPU OQP¾VCKTGU $·PFG (QTPK 0CEJFTWEM FGT #WUICDG 2CTKU %.::+: 5 6HP %:::8+ 5 6HP :.8+++ 5 6HP LGYGKNU OKV GKPKIGP (CNVVCDGNNGP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
/#<<+0+ ) /QPGVG KORGTKCNK TQOCPG $·PFG /KNCPQ :+: 5 6HP +: 5 6HP +: 5 6HP :+++ 5 6HP +: 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP OKV -QRH IQNFUEJPKVV //#)
.
8QP ITQGT 5GNVGPJGKV 'ZGORNCTG 0T CWU GKPGT CWH 'ZGORNCTG NKOKVKGTVGP #WHNCIG
.
/'6%#.( 9 ' 6JG %KUVQRJQTK QH *CFTKCP 05 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
/+55'4' ) (106#0# ( / .C %QNNG\KQPG /KUUGTG FK /QPGVG 4QOCPG 2TQXKPEKCNK /QFGPC ::+++ 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
/+66#) 2 ( #NVG -ÌRHG KP PGWGP *·PFGP 7TJGDGT WPF (WPMVKQP FGT -QPVQTPKCVGP #PVKSWKVCU $QPP :+ 5 6HP .GKPGP
.
/1//5'0 6 )GUEJKEJVG FGU TÌOKUEJGP /ÒP\YGUGPU 0CEJFTWEM )TC\ FGT #WUICDG $GTNKP :::++ 5 GKPG GTI·P\GPFG (CNVVCDGNNG )CP\NGKPGP $NGKDUVKHVPQVK\ CWH FGT NGV\VGP 5GKVG #
.
/156'%-; * /ÒP\GP \YKUEJGP 4QO WPF $[\CP\ 5VWFKGP \WT UR·VCPVKMGP 0WOKUOCVKM 0WOKUOC VKEC .QXCPKGPUKC .QWXCKP NC 0GWXG +8 5 6HP .GKPGP
.
/17%*/18 0 # .GU OQPPCKGU GV NGU CVGNKGTU OQP¾VCKTGU FG 5GTFKEC 5QHKC 8+++ 5 6HP #WH FGT GTUVGP 5GKVG MNGKPGT 9CUUGTHNGEM )CP\NGKPGP
.
/ª..'4 ' %·UCTGP 2QTVT·VU +++ 6GKN $GKVT·IG \WT 2J[UKQIPQOKM WPF 2CVJQITCRJKG FGT TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGTJ·WUGT PCEJ KJTGP /ÒP\GP WPF CPFGTP CPVKMGP &GPMO·NGTP $GTNKP 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP /ÒP\CDD CWH WPRCI 6HP KO 6GZV UQYKG YGKVGTGP 6HP OKV $ÒUVGP 5VCVWGP WPF (QVQU $TQUEJKGTV WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP
0'9'.. ' 6 00/ $CPF 6YQ 4QOCP *QCTFU HTQO &WTC 'WTQRQU 6JG HKHVJ &WTC *QCTF 6YQ *QCTFU HTQO /KPVWTPQ 6JG UKZVJ UGXGPVJ CPF VGPVJ &WTC *QCTFU 0GY ;QTM -NGKP u *CNDNGKPGP
.
$CPF WPF YWTFGP XQP # 4 $'..+0)'4 XGTHCUUV
.
2#1.7%%+ 4 <7$ # .C OQPGVC\KQPG FK #SWKNGKC TQOCPC 6JG 4QOCP +ORGTKCN EQKPCIG QH #SWK NGKC 2CFWC 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP #
.
2'6'4 / 'KPG 9GTMUV·VVG \WT *GTUVGNNWPI XQP UWDCGTCVGP &GPCTGP KP #WIWUVC 4CWTKEC 5(/# $GTNKP 5 OKV #DD 6CDGNNGP 6HP $TQUEJKGTV
.
2+0- - 6JG 6TKWOXKTK OQPGVCNGU CPF VJG UVTWEVWTG QH VJG EQKPCIG QH VJG TQOCP TGRWDNKE 05 0GY ;QTM 5 /QFGTPGU )CP\NGKPGP &C\W &GT #WHDCW FGT TÌOKUEJGP /ÒP\RT·IWPI KP FGT -CKUGT\GKV 5 .QUG .CIGP
.
4 #.(¤.&+ / &KG %QPUVCPVKPKUEJG )QNFRT·IWPI 7PVGTUWEJWPIGP \W KJTGT $GFGWVWPI HÒT -CKUGT RQNKVKM WPF *QHMWPUV /CKP\ :+ 5 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
&KG %QPUVCPVKPKUEJG )QNFRT·IWPI 7PVGTUWEJWPIGP \W KJTGT $GFGWVWPI HÒT -CKUGTRQNKVKM WPF *QHMWPUV /CKP\ :+ 5 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP 6KVGN GVYCU DGUEJOWV\V //#)
.
4').+0) - &GT &QTVOWPFGT (WPF TÌOKUEJGT )QNFOÒP\GP &QTVOWPF 5 6HP )CP\NGK PGP
.
4'75%* 9 &GT -ÌNPGT /ÒP\UEJCV\HWPF XQO ,CJTG <WINGKEJ GKP $GKVTCI \WT )GUEJKEJVG FGU TÌOKUEJGP -ÌNP .GKR\KI 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
41$'46510 # 5 4QOCP +ORGTKCN %QKPU KP VJG *WPVGT %QKP %CDKPGV 7PKXGTUKV[ QH )NCUIQY $·PFG 1ZHQTF W C %.::+ 5 6HP %.:8+++ 5 6HP %:+8 5 6HP %%:8+ 5 6HP :.8+++ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP # $GK $CPF $WEJ TÒEMGP NGKEJV IGNÌUV
.
415619<'9 / 4ÌOKUEJG $NGKVGUUGTCG 'KP $GKVTCI \WT 5Q\KCN WPF 9KTVUEJCHVUIGUEJKEJVG FGT TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT\GKV .GKR\KI +: 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT
47
ANTIKE - RÖMER .
47<+%-# . &KG /ÒP\GP XQP 5GTFKEC 5& CWU FGT 0WOKUOCVKUEJGP <GKVUEJTKHV :.8+++ $CPF 9KGP 5 6HP /KV YGPKIGP #POGTMWPIGP KO 6GZV )CP\NGKPGP
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN 0WOKUOCVKUEJGT .GJTCRRCTCV FGT 7PKXGTUKV·V 9KGP CWH OGJTGTGP 5GKVGP
.
&KG /ÒP\GP XQP 2CWVCNKC 5& CWU $WNNGVKP FG N +PUVKVWV CTEJ¾QNQIKSWG DWNICTG 5 5QHKC 5 6HP /QFGTPGT )CP\NGFGTGKPDCPF //#)
5GJT UGNVGPGU 9GTM
.
5#06+0+ # 5CIIKQ FK ECVCNQIQ IGPGTCNG FGNNG OQPGVG EQPUQNCTK CPQPKOG EQP UKODQNK /KNCPQ 5 (CNVVHP 1TKI $TQUEJWT UVCTM DGUVQGP 'KPTKUU KO 4ÒEMGP 6GKNYGKUG WPDGUEJPKVVGP //#)
.
5#6*;#/746*; 6 %CVCNQIWG QH TQOCP IQNF EQKPU &GRCTVOGPV QH #TEJCGQNQI[ -GTCNC 6JKTWXC PCPVJCRWTCO 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQGP
.
5%*##(( 7 /ÒP\GP FGT TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT\GKV OKV 5EJKHHUFCTUVGNNWPIGP KO 4ÌOKUEJ )GTOCPKUEJGP <GPVTCNOWUGWO 4)</ -CVCNQIG XQT WPF HTÒJIGUEJKEJVNKEJGT #NVGTVÒOGT /CKP\ 8++ 5 (CTDVHP 6HP .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI //#)
.
5%*7.6' $ &KG )QNFRT·IWPI FGT ICNNKUEJGP -CKUGT XQP 2QUVWOWU DKU 6GVTKEWU 6[RQU /QPQITC RJKGP \WT CPVKMGP 0WOKUOCVKM #CTCW W C 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
5%*7.6< 5 &KG /ÒP\RT·IWPI XQP /CIPGUKC CO /·CPFGT KP FGT TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT\GKV *KNFGUJGKO 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV //#)
.
5*+'. 0 6JG 'RKUQFG QH %CTCWUKWU CPF #NNGEVWU $#4 1ZHQTF +++ 5 6HP $TQ UEJWT 4ÒEMGP IGNÌUV //#)
.
52#07 / -GTCOQU FK %CTKC 5VQTKC G /QPWOGPVK 5VWFKC #TEJCGQNQIKEC 4QO 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
561.. 4 6KGTG CWH TÌOKUEJGP /ÒP\GP 6TKGT +: 5 OKV #DD (TCWGP CWH TÌOKUEJGP /ÒP\GP 6TKGT 5 OKV #DD #TEJKVGMVWT CWH TÌOKUEJGP /ÒP\GP 6TKGT 5 OKV #DD &KG /ÒP\GP FGT TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT XQP 6TKGT 6TKGT 5 OKV #DD *GTCMNGU CWH TÌOKUEJGP /ÒP\GP 6TKGT 5 OKV #DD -CTVQPKGTV
564#%- 2 . 7PVGTUWEJWPIGP \WT TÌOKUEJGP 4GKEJURT·IWPI FGU \YGKVGP ,CJTJWPFGTVU 6GKN 5VWVVICTV :+ 5 6HP 8+++ 5 6HP : 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
.
/KV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGO $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM $GEMGPDCWGT
.
7PVGTUWEJWPIGP \WT TÌOKUEJGP 4GKEJURT·IWPI FGU \YGKVGP ,CJTJWPFGTVU 6GKN 5VWVVICTV :+ 5 FCXQP (CNVVCDGNNGP 6HP 8+++ 5 (CNVVCDGNNGP 6HP : 5 6HP 'KPJGKVNKEJ KP )CP\NGFGT IGDWPFGP *GTXQTTCIGPFG 'TJCNVWPI //#)
.
576*'4.#0& % * 8 6JG %KUVQRJQTK QH #WIWUVWU 405 5RGEKCN 2WDNKECVKQP .QPFQP :++ 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
576*'4.#0& % * 8 %#4510 4 # 6JG 4QOCP +ORGTKCN %QKPCIG $CPF .QPFQP )CP\NGKPGP $CPF KUV WPVGTVGKN KP \YGK $·PFG
.
576*'4.#0& % * 8 -4##; % / %CVCNQIWG QH %QKPU QH VJG 4QOCP 'ORKTG KP VJG #UJOQNGCP /WUGWO 2CTV #WIWUVWU E $ % # & 1ZHQTF :8 5 6HP OKV LG GKPGT 5GKVG $GUEJTGKDWPI 5 (QNKQ *CNDNGKPGP //#)
.
5;&'0*#/ ' # 6JG %QKPCIG QH VJG 4QOCP 4GRWDNKE .QPFQP .:+: 5 8+ 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
6JG %QKPCIG QH VJG 4QOCP 4GRWDNKE .QPFQP .:+: 5 6HP )CP\NGFGT KP $ÒPFGP OKV -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV VCFGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI //#)
.
5<#+8'46 9 &KG /ÒP\RT·IWPI FGT -CKUGT 6KDGTKWU WPF %CKWU %CNKIWNC /+4 WPF 9KGP 5 6HP $TQUEJWT //#)
.
61;0$'' , / % 4QOCP *KUVQTKECN 2QTVTCKVU .QPFQP 5 OKV #DD .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI
.
64+../+%* 9 (COKNKGPRTQRCICPFC FGT -CKUGT %CNKIWNC WPF %NCWFKWU #ITKRRKPC /CKQT WPF #PVQ PKC #WIWUVC CWH /ÒP\GP #/7)5 $GTNKP :8 5 6HP 6CDGNNGP .GKPGP //#)
674%#0 4 0KITC /QPGVC 5EGCWZ ,GVQPU 6GUUGTGU #OWNGVVGU 2NQODU OQP¾VCKTGU QW OQP¾VKHQT OGU 1DLGVU FKXGTU GP RNQOD QW GP GVCKP F ¾RQSWG 4QOCKPG EQPUGTX¾U CW /WU¾G FGU $GCWZ #TVU FG .[QP #XGE WP CRRGPFKEG UWT N GORTGKPVG GP RNQOD F WP EQKP FG O¾FCKNNQP +OR¾TKCN .[QP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP PGWYGTVKI
.
48
ANTIKE - KELTEN .
8#)+ & . %QKPCIG CPF *KUVQT[ QH VJG 4QOCP 'ORKTG $·PFG 5KFPG[ :+: 5 :+8 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD KO 6GZV .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI //#)
.
81'66'4 1 %QNNGEVKQP 'TPUV 2TKP\ \W 9KPFKUEJ )T·V\ 8+ $CPF + /ÒP\GP FGT TÌOKUEJGP 4GRW DNKM ++ /ÒP\GP FGT TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT 9KGP 5 6H )CP\NGKPGP
.
&KG -WRHGTRT·IWPI FGT &KQENGVKCPKUEJGP 6GVTCTEJKG 5& 9KGP 5 6HP FCXQP (CNVVHP )CP\NGKPGP #
$GUKV\GTUVGORGN YWTFG GPVHGTPV
.
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT -CKUGTKPPGP WPF %CGUCTGP XQP &KQENGVKCPWU DKU 4QOWNWU -CVCNQI FGT JKPVGTNCUUGPGP 5COONWPI WPF #WH\GKEJPWPIGP FGU *GTTP 2CWN )GTKP 9KGP 5 $TQUEJKGTV //#)
.
9'+..'4 4 &GT 5EJCV\HWPF XQO 6KVGNDGTI #PVQPKPKCPG XQP %CTCECNNC DKU #WTGNKCP 5VWFKGP \WT (WPFOÒP\GP FGT #PVKMG 5 OKV 6HP WPF \WO 6GKN HCTDKIGP #DD $TQUEJKGTV
.
9'+5'4 9 -CVCNQI FGT $KVJ[PKUEJGP /ÒP\GP FGT 5COONWPI FGU +PUVKVWVU HÒT #NVGTVWOUMWPFG FGT 7PKXGTUKV·V -ÌNP $CPF 0KMCKC /KV GKPGT 7PVGTUWEJWPI FGT 2T·IGU[UVGOG WPF )GIGPUVGORGN 2CR[ TQNQIKEC %QNQPKGPUKC 1RNCFGP ::8+ 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 6 %1456'0 $CPF -ÌPKIG %QOOWPG $KVJ[PKCG 5V·FVG CWGT 0KMCKC 2CR[TQNQIKEC %QNQPKGPUKC 1RNCFGP :++ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
9+'4%+05-# , %CVCNQIWG QH #PEKGPV %QKPU KP VJG 0CVKQPCN /WUGWO KP 9CTUCY %QKPU QH VJG TQOCP TGRWDNKE 9CTUEJCW 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
.
91;6'- $ #TOC GV 0WOOK (QTUEJWPIGP \WT TÌOKUEJGP (KPCP\IGUEJKEJVG WPF /ÒP\RT·IWPI FGT ,CJTG DKU X %JT 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP FGT PWOKUOCVKUEJGP -QOOKUKQP $CPF 9KGP :+++ 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
947%- 9 &KG U[TKUEJG 2TQXKP\KCNRT·IWPI XQP #WIWUVWU DKU 6TCLCP 5VWVVICTV 8+++ 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT DGUVQGP
.
/KV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGT 9KFOWPI
.
;#5*+0 % (TQO #UECNQP VQ 4CRJKC %KV[ %QKPU QH VJG 5QWVJGTP 2CNGUVKPKCP %QCUV ,GTWUCNGO 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
.
<'*0#%-'4 * /QPGVC 4GEJGTEJGU UWT N QTICPKUCVKQP GV N CTV FGU ¾OKUUKQPU OQP¾VCKTGU FG NC 4¾RW DNKSWG 4QOCKPG CX , % $'(#4 $·PFG 4QO ::+8 5 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP //#)
<+').'4 4 &GT 5EJCV\HWPF XQP $TCWYGKNGT 7PVGTUWEJWPIGP \WT /ÒP\RT·IWPI WPF \WO )GNFWONCWH KO ICNNKUEJGP 5QPFGTTGKEJ $GKJGHVG FGT $QPPGT ,CJTDÒEJGT $QPP 5 (CNVMCTVG 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
5V·FVKUEJGU 2TGUVKIG WPF MCKUGTNKEJG 2QNKVKM 5VWFKGP \WO (GUVYGUGP KP 1UVMKNKMKGP KO WPF ,CJTJWP FGTV P %JT -WNVWT WPF 'TMGPPVPKU &ÒUUGNFQTH 5 6HP -CTVG -WPUVNGKPGP
.
-1081.76 -QPXQNWV XQP /QPQITCRJKGP #WUUVGNNWPIUMCVCNQIGP WPF 5QPFGTFTWEMGP \WT TÌOKUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM W C ) (¤45%*0'4 &KG /ÒP\GP FGT TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT KP #NGZCPFTKGP (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP 2 4 (4#0-' + 2##4 &KG CPVKMGP /ÒP\G FGT 5COONWPI *G[PGP -ÌNP 2 4 (4#0-' -NGKPCUKGP \WT 4ÌOGT\GKV /ÒPEJGP 4 )¤$. 'KPHÒTWPI KP FKG /ÒP\MWPFG FGT TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT\GKV 9KGP 7 -#/2/#00 6 )#05%*19 &KG /ÒP\GP FGT TÌOKUEJGP /ÒP\UV·VVG #NGZCPFTKC 4GIGPUVCWH * , $'4- 4QOCP )QNF %QKPU QH VJG /GFKGXCN 9QTNF # & +NNKPQKU & # 5'#4 4QOCP %QKPU CPF VJGKT 8CNWGU #WHNCIG # 5#8+1 -CVCNQI FGT CNGZCPFTKPKUEJGP /ÒP\GP FGT 5COONWPI &T %JTKUVKCP (TKGFTKEJ #WIWUV 5EJNGFGJCWU KO -WNVWTIGUEJKEJVNKEJGP /WUGWO 1UPCDTÒEM $TCOUEJG 5QPFGTFTWEMG /QPQITCRJKGP 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWPFGP
0WOKUOCVKE 0QVGU CPF /QPQITCRJU (QWT /GFCKNNQPU HTQO VJG #TTCU *QCTF $CTDCTKCPU QP 4QOCP +ORGTKCN %QKPU CPF 5EWNRVWTG (GUVCN CPF &CVGF %QKPU QH VJG 4QOCP 'ORKTG (QWT 2CRGTU 0GY ;QTM
.
.
-'.6'0 .
#..'0 & ( 6JG %QKPU HTQO VJG 1RRKFWO QH #NVGPDWTI CPF VJG $WUJGN 5GTKGU 5& CWU )GTOCPKC /CKP\ 5 6HP -CTVGP -CTVQPKGTV 4ÒEMGP NÌUV UKEJ NGKEJV
.
$17&'6 4 &'2';416 ) /QPPCKGU )CWNQKUGU ¯ NC %TQKZ %QNNGEVKQP /QPGVC 9GVVGTGP 5 OKV #DD 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
$4'016 % 5%*''45 5 %CVCNQIWG FGU /QPPCKGU /CUUCNK½VGU GV /QPPCKGU %GNVKSWGU FW /WU½G FGU $GCWZ #TVU FG .[QP .GWXGP :8+++ 5 5 .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI
49
ANTIKE - KELTEN .
%1.$'46 &' $'#7.+'7 , $ %CVCNQIWG FGU EQNNGEVKQPU CTEJ¾QNQIKSWGU FG $GUCP¼QP .GU OQP PCKGU )CWNQKUGU #PPCNGU NKVV¾TCKTGU FG Ny7PKXGTUKV¾ FG $GUCP¼QP #WHNCIG 2CTKU 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT / &#;'6 %CVCNQIWG FGU OQPPCKGU ICWNQKUGU FW ,WTC #PPCNGU NKVV¾TCKTGU FG Ny7PKXGTUKV¾ FG $GUCP¼QP 2CTKU 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT #
&'.'564'' . 2 6#%*' / 0QWXGN #VNCU FGU /QPPCKGU )CWNQKUGU $CPF 5CKPV )GTOCKP GP .C[G $CPF &G NC 5GKPG CW 4JKP 5 (CTDVHP $CPF &G NC 5GKPG ¯ NC .QKTG OQ[GPPG 5 (CTDVHP $CPF 5 (CTDVHP 5WRRN¾OGPV CWZ VQOGU + ++ +++ 5 (CTDVHP -CTVQPKGTV $CPF WPF KO 5EJWDGT $CPF YWTFG XGTMGJTVJGTWO IGDWPFGP
&'/$5-+ ) -WPUVJKUVQTKUEJGU /WUGWO 9KGP /ÒP\MCDKPGVV -CVCNQI FGT CPVKMGP /ÒP\GP # )TKG EJGP + *KURCPKGP WPF FKG TÌOKUEJGP 2TQXKP\GP )CNNKGPU 9KGP 8 5 6HP -CTVG -CTVQ PKGTV //#)
&'41% # .GU OQPPCKGU )CWNQKUGU F CTIGPV FG NC XCNN¾G FW 4JÊPG 'VWFGU FG PWOKUOCVKSWG %GNVKSWG 2CTKU :+ 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT NGKEJVGT -PKEM KP FGT TGEJVGP QDGTGP 'EMG //#)
.
&'55'9((; / $CTD±T 2¾P\GK $WFCRGUV 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT OKV YGPKIGP 7PVGTUVTGK EJWPIGP KO 6GZV //#)
.
&7%*#.#+5 # &GUETKRVKQP FGU O¾FCKNNGU )CWNQKUGU HCKUCPV RCTVKG FGU EQNNGEVKQPU FG NC $KDNKQVJ½SWG 4Q[CNG 2CTKU : 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT DGUVQGP 5VQEMHNGEMKI 4ÒEMGP OKV -NGDGDCPF HKZKGTV //#)
.
.
.
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN $KDNKQVJGM -CTN -KTEJOCKT
.
(144'4 4 -GNVKUEJG 0WOKUOCVKM FGT 4JGKP WPF &QPCWNCPFG 5VTCDWTI :+ 5 OKV \CJN TGKEJGP #DD KO 6GZV 6HP FCXQP HCTDKIG (CNVVHP *CNDNGKPGP 'KPDCPF DGTKGDGP //#)
.
) 7/#00 # 2QVKPOÒP\GP FGT -GNVGP 'KPG U[UVGOCVKUEJG <WUCOOGPUVGNNWPI FGT DGMCPPVGP 6[RGP OKV 4GHGTGP\CPICDGP 8KGTVG ÒDGTCTDGKVGVG #WHNCIG $GTP :+ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD 5RKTCN DKPFWPI
.
)¤$. 4 1UVMGNVKUEJGT 6[RGPCVNCU /KV OGVJQFKUEJGO -QOOGPVCT $TCWPUEJYGKI 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQUGU 'ZGORNCT //#)
.
)142*' , .G 6T½UQT FG 6C[CE 2CTKU 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD WPF -CTVG 1TKI $TQ UEJWT
.
)47'. - /14+0 ' .GU OQPPCKGU %GNVGU FW /WU¾G FG $TGVCIPG 2CTKU 5 FCXQP (CTDVHP -CTVQPKGTV //#)
.
*'+55 # &GUETKRVKQP I¾P¾TCNG FGU OQPPCKGU CPVKSWGU FG N 'URCIPG 2CTKU 5 6HP )TQ HQNKQ *CNDNGFGT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP //#)
.
*1$$5 4 $TKVKUJ +TQP #IG %QKPU KP VJG $TKVKUJ /WUGWO .QPFQP 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
-15 2 -GNVUMK 0QXEK 5NQXGPKLG -GNVKUEJG /ÒP\GP 5NQYGPKGPU 5KVWNC .LWDNLCPC 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT &C\W ' -1.0+-18 -GNVUM¾ /KPEG PC 5NQXGPUMW $TCVKUNCXC 5 .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI
.'0);'. . &CU IGJGKOG 9KUUGP FGT -GNVGP GPVT·VUGNV CWU FTWKFKUEJ MGNVKUEJGT /[VJKM WPF 5[ODQ NKM (TGKDWTI KP $T 5 OKV TF #DD XQP /ÒP\GP WPF $GK\GKEJGP CWH FGP /ÒP\GP (C FGPIGJGHVGVGT -WPUVNGFGTGKPDCPF
.14+%*5 ) & FG 4GEJGTEJGU PWOKUOCVKSWGU EQPEGTPCPV RTKPEKRCNGOGPV NGU O¾FCKNNGU EGNVKD¾TKGP PGU $CPF 2CTKU 5 *CNDNGFGT 8QTDNCVV WPF NGV\VG 6CHGN TGRCTKGTV 9CUUGTUEJCFGP WPF NGKEJV UVQEMHNGEMKI #
/';'4 * $GUEJTGKDWPI FGT KP FGT 5EJYGK\ CWHIGHWPFGPGP )CNNKUEJGP /ÒP\GP <ÒTKEJ 8+++ 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP #WH FGP 5GKVGP KUV QDGP GKP NGKEJVGT -PKEM WPF CWH FGT NGV\VGP 5GKVG TGEJVU WPVGP
.
.
.
*CPFUEJTKHVNKEJGT $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM $GEMGPDCWGT '
.
0#5* & 5GVVNGOGPV %QKPCIG KP %GPVTCN )CWN E $ % $#4 5WRRNGOGPVCT[ 5GTKGU $·PFG 1ZHQTF 8++ 5 6HP +PFGZ 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
10&417%* 8 -GNVUM¾ /KPEG 6[RW $KCVGE \ $TCVKUNCX[ 2QMNCF XGNyMÓEJ UVTKGDQTPÓEJ OKPEÃ \ TQMW #TEJCGQNQIKEC GV *KUVQTKEC $TCVKUNCXKGPUKC /QPQITCRJKCG $TCVKUNCXC 5 6HP (CNVMCTVGP )CP\NGKPGP
2#7.5'0 4 &KG /ÒP\RT·IWPIGP FGT $QKGT OKV $GTÒEMUKEJVKIWPI FGT XQTDQKUEJGP 2T·IWPIGP $·PFG .GKR\KI 9KGP 8+++ 5 6HP (CNVMCTVG 6HP 'KPJGKVNKEJ KP TQVGO )CP\NGFGT IGDWPFGP XGTGKP\GNVG 5VQEMHNGEMGP //#)
.
50
BYZANZ - VÖLKERWANDERUNG .
2#76#551 # .G OQPGVG RTGTQOCPG FGNN +VCNKC UGVVGPVTKQPCNG 8CTGUG 5 6HP )CP\ NGKPGP 'ZGORNCT 0T //#)
.
2+0- - 'KPHÒJTWPI KP FKG -GNVKUEJG /ÒP\MWPFG #TEJCGQNQIKC #WUVTKCEC $GKVT·IG \WT 2CN·CPVJTQ RQNQIKG 7T WPF (TÒJIGUEJKEJVG ¤UVGTTGKEJU 9KGP 5 6HP WPF GKPGT (WPFMCTVG *CNDNGK PGP &C\W 'KPHÒJTWPI KP FKG MGNVKUEJG /ÒP\MWPFG OKV DGUQPFGTGT $GTÒEMUKEJVKIWPI FGU ÌUVGTTGKEJK UEJGP 4CWOGU #WHNCIG 9KGP 5 6HP -CTVG 1TKI $TQUEJWT
/KV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGP $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM $GEMGPDCWGT '
568
.
&KG /ÒP\RT·IWPI FGT 1UVMGNVGP WPF KJTGT 0CEJDCTP GTI·P\VG WPF XGTDGUUGTVG #WHNCIG JGTCWUIGIGDGP XQP 4 )¤$. $TCWPUEJYGKI 1TKIKPCNCWUICDG GTUEJKGP KP FGT 4GKJG &KUUGTVCVKQPGU 2CPPQPK ECG :++ 5 6HP HCTDKIG (CNVMCTVG )CP\NGKPGP
21.'0< * /ÒP\GP KP NCV½PG\GKVNKEJGP )T·DGTP /KVVGNGWTQRCU CWU FGT <GKV \YKUEJGP WPF X %JT )GDWTV 5& CWU $C[GTKUEJG 8QTIGUEJKEJVUDN·VVGT 5 6HP /KV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD *CNDNGFGT
.
5%*''45 5 /QPPCKGU )CWNQKUGU FG 5GKPG /CTKVKOG 4QWGP 5 6HP KP $GKNCIG 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
6174 * FG NC #VNCU FG OQPPCKGU )CWNQKUGU 2CTKU 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP &C\W 5 5%*''45 7P EQORNGOGPV C N CVNCU FG OQPPCKGU )CWNQKUGU FG *GPTK FG NC 6QWT 2CTKU /CCUVTKEJV 5 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
8#0 #45&'.. 4 & %GNVKE %QKPCIG QH $TKVCKP .QPFQP :8+ 5 6GZVCDD 6HP )CP\ NGKPGP
.
8#0 &'4 9+'.'0 ; )'+5'4 # -ę0+) ( ' %#/2#)01.1 / /QPPC[CIGU #NNQDTQ IGU %CJKGTU TQOCPFU FG PWOKUOCVKSWG .CWUCPPG 5 FCTWPVGT \CJNTGKEJG #DD WPF 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
8+..#410)# )#44+)# . .GU OQPGFCU FG #TUG 5CIWPVWO $CTEGNQPC (TQPVKURK\ 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
-1081.76 -QPXQNWV XQP /QPQITCRJKGP WPF 5QPFGTFTWEMGP \WT MGNVKUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM W C ' $17&'#7 /QPPCKGU )CWNQKUGU /CCUVTKEJV # $74-*#4&6 3WCPVKVCVKXG /GVJQFGP \WT MGNVKUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM $GTP * &#00*'+/'4 *TUI &GT /ÒP\HWPF XQP 5QPVJGKO /ÒP EJGP / '))'4 &CU GTUVG )GNF KP $C[GTP 5& CWU $C[GTNCPF 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWP FGP
.
5GJT UGNVGPGU 9GTM /KV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGP $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM $GEMGPDCWGT '
$;<#0< 8¤.-'49#0&'470) (4ª*/+66'.#.6'4 .
.
$#44#. + #.6'6 : .C EKTEWNCVKQP FGU OQPPCKGU 5W½XGU GV 8KUKIQVKSWGU %QPVTKDWVKQP ¯ N JKUVQKTG ¾EQPQOKSWG FW TQ[CWOG XKUKIQV $GKJGHVG FGT (TCPEKC /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
$'0&#.. 5 # 2TKXCVG %QNNGEVKQP QH 2CNCGQNQICP %QKPU 9QNXGTJCORVQP 5 FCXQP 5 6HP )GDWPFGP VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF
$[\CPVKPG YGKIJVU #P KPVTQFWEVKQP .QPFQP 5 OKV #DD WPF GKPGT 6H OKV /QPQITCOOGP CWH )NCUIGYKEJVGP *CNDNGFGT
0T XQP 'ZGORNCTGP
.
51
BYZANZ - VÖLKERWANDERUNG
579
.
$'4)*#75 2 &KG OGTQYKPIKUEJGP 6TKGPVGP XQP #NVGPYCNFG 5& CWU &KG -WPFG 5 6HP -CTVGP *CNDNGKPGP =OKV 9KFOWPI FGU 8GTHCUUGTU?
'Z NKDTKU 2GVGT $GTIJCWU
.
&'/1 < 1UVTQIQVJKE %QKPCIG HTQO %QNNGEVKQPU KP %TQCVKC 5NQXGPKC CPF $QUPKC *GT\GIQXKPC 5KVWNC .LWDNLCPC :8 5 OKV 6HP GKPGT -CTVG WPF #DD -CTVQPKGTV
.
&ª44 0 %CVCNQIWG FGU RQKFU $[\CPVKPU %CVCNQIWG FG NC EQNNGEVKQP .WEKGP 0CXKNNG CW %CDKPGV FG 0WOKUOCVKSWG FW /WU¾G F #TV GV F *KUVQKTG FG )GP½XG 5& CWU )GPCXC $CPF :++ 5 FCXQP 6HP OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD 5EJÌPGT *CNDNGFGTGKPDCPF OKV /CTOQTRCRKGT PGWYGTVKI
(4+'&.#'0&'4 , &KG /ÒP\GP FGT 1UVIQVJGP $GTNKP 5 6HP &KG /ÒP\GP FGT 8CPFCNGP 0CEJVT·IG \W FGP /ÒP\GP FGT 1UVIQVJGP .GKR\KI 5 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF IGDWP FGP -CTVQPKGTV DGUVQGP
.
.
)#4%+# # % '5%7&'41 ( / /106'1.+8# , 8 /QPGFCU 8KUKIQFCU %CV±NQIQ FGN )CDK PGVG FG #PVKIÒGFCFGU /CFTKF 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP HCTDKIGP #DD .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI
.
)11&#%4' * # *CPFDQQM QH VJG %QKPCIG QH VJG $[\CPVKPG 'ORKTG .QPFQP :+ 5 \CJNTGKEJG 6GZVCDD .GKPGP //#)
.
)4+'4510 2 %CVCNQIWG QH VJG $[\CPVKPG %QKPU KP VJG &WODCTVQP 1CMU %QNNGEVKQP CPF KP VJG 9JKV VGOQTG %QNNGEVKQP 8QNWOG #PCUVCUKWU + VQ /CWTKEG ::8+ 5 6HP 8QNWOG 2JQECU VQ 6JGQFQUKWU +++ 2CTV + 2QEJCU CPF *GTCENKWU 5 6HP 2CTV ++ *GTCENKWU %QPUVCPVKPG VQ 6JGQFQUKWU +++ 5 6HP 8QNWOG .GQ +++ VQ 0KEG RJQTWU +++ 2CTV + .GQ +++ VQ /KEJCGN +++ +: 5 6HP 2CTV ++ $CUKN + VQ 0KEGRJQTWU +++ 9CUJKPIVQP & % 'KPJGKVNKEJGU )CP\NGKPGP
*#*0 9 /QPGVC +ORGTKK $[\CPVKPK 4GMQPUVTWMVKQP FGU 2T·IGCWHDCWGU CWH U[PQRVKUEJ VCDGNNCTKUEJGT )TWPFNCIG $CPF 8QP #PCUVCUKWU + DKU ,WUVKPKCPWU + GKPUEJNKGNKEJ FGT QUVIQVKUEJGP WPF XCPFCNKUEJGP 2T·IWPIGP ¤#&9 2JKN JKUV -N &GPMUEJTKHVGP 9KGP 5 6HP 2T·IGVCDGNNGP $CPF 8QP ,WUVKPWU ++ DKU 2JQECU GKPUEJNKGNKEJ FGT 2T·IWPIGP FGT *GT CENKWU 4GXQNVG WPF OKV 0CEJVT·IGP \WO $CPF ¤#&9 2JKN JKUV -N &GPMUEJTKHVGP 9KGP 5 6HP 2T·IGVCDGNNGP $CPF 8QP *GTCENKWU DKU .GQ +++ #NNGKPTGIKGTWPI /KV 0CEJVT·IGP \WO WPF $CPF ¤#&9 2JKN JKUV -N &GPMUEJTKHVGP 9KGP 5 6HP 2T·IGVCDGNNGP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP //#)
&KG 1UVRT·IWPI FGU 4ÌOKUEJGP 4GKEJGU KO ,CJTJWPFGTV ¤#&9 2JKN JKUV -N &GPM UEJTKHVGP 9KGP 5 6HP 2T·IGVCDGNNGP .GKPGP //#) <WT /ÒP\RT· IWPI FGU HTÒJD[\CPVKPKUEJGP 4GKEJGU #PCUVCUKWU + DKU 2JQECU WPF *GTCENKWU 4GXQNVG 9KGP 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV
.
*#*0 9 /'6%#.( 9 ' 5VWFKGU KP GCTN[ $[\CPVKPG IQNF EQKPCIG 05 0GY ;QTM 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #
.
*#*0 9 /'6.+%* / # /QPG[ QH VJG +PEKRKGPV $[\CPVKPG 'ORKTG #PCUVCUVKWU + ,WUVKPKCP + 8+0 9KGP +8 5 6HP (CNVVCDGNNGP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF #
.
.
52
BYZANZ - VÖLKERWANDERUNG .
*'+55 # &GUETKRVKQP I¾P¾TCNG FGU OQPPCKGU FGU TQKU 9KUKIQVJU F 'URCIPG 2CTKU +++ 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT DGUVQGP 9CUUGTHNGEM CWH FGP NGV\VGP 6CHGNP //#)
.
/QPGFCU *KURCPQ %TKUVKCPCU &GUFG NC KPXCUKQP FG NQU TCDGU $CPF 0CEJFTWEM /CFTKF FGT 1TKIKPCNCWUICDGP /CFTKF 5 6HP OKV 2TGKUNKUVG #TCIQP 5 6HP 0C XCTTC 5 6HP 'KPJGKVNKEJ KP ITÒPGO )CP\NGFGT IGDWPFGP VCFGNNQU
-#5#/#018# . 0 (WPF XQP $CTVKO $[\CPVKPKUEJG 5KNDGTOÒP\GP FGU ,CJTJWPFGTVU +P 0< 6GKN *I XQP & $ 5EJGNQX /QUMCW 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
&KGUGT <GKVUEJTKHVGPDCPF GPVJ·NV #WHU·V\G KP TWUUKUEJGT 5RTCEJG
.
-4#75 ( ( &KG /ÒP\GP 1FQXCECTU WPF FGU 1UVIQVGPTGKEJGU KP +VCNKGP /ÒP\UVWFKGP *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG (TQPVKURK\ :8 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP $KPFWPI GVYCU NQEMGT //#)
.
&KG /ÒP\GP 1FQXCECTU WPF FGU 1UVIQVGPTGKEJGU KP +VCNKGP /ÒP\UVWFKGP *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG (TQPVKURK\ :8 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
.
.#74'06 8 .GU UEGCWZ $[\CPVKPU FW /¾FCKNNKGT 8CVKECP %KVV¯ FGN 8CVKECPQ ::+++ 5 UQYKG 6HP $TQUEJKGTV PQEJ WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP
.
.10)7'6 * +PVTQFWEVKQP ¯ NC 0WOKUOCVKSWG $[\CPVKPG .QPFQP +: 5 6HP )CP\NGK PGP # 2TQRQU FW /QPPC[CIG /¾TQXKPIKGP 5& Q 1 Q , 5 )GJGHVGV WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP =*QOOCIG FG NyCWVGWT ? .GU 6TKGPU /¾TQXKPIKGPU CW $WUVG FG (CEG 5& 2CTKU CWU 40 5 6H 1TKI IGJGHVGV WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP =/KV 9KFOWPI FGU #WVQTU? 7PG 6TQWXCKNNG FG /QPPCKGU FGU 2CN¾QNQIWGU 5& $TÒUUGN CWU 4$0 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT =/KV 9KFOWPI FGU #WVQTU CWH FGO 'KPDCPF? &KG WPGFKVKGTVGP D[\CPVKPKUEJGP /ÒP\GP FGU 9KGPGT -CDKPGVVU Z 5& CWU 0< 5 6HP .QUGT $WEJDNQEM KP /CRRG =/KV 9KFOWPI FGU #WVQTU? - -4'56'8 $GYGTVWPIUVCDGNNG \WO -CVCNQI 4CVVQ $[\CPVKPKUEJG /ÒP\GP -ÌNP 5 1TKI $TQUEJWT #
.
/'6%#.( & / %NCUUKHKECVKQP QH $[\CPVKPG 5VCOGPC KP VJG NKIJV QH C JQCTF HQWPF KP 5QWVJGTP 5GTDKC 5KVWNC .LWDNLCPC 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
/+.'5 ) % 6JG %QKPCIG QH VJG 8KUKIQVJU QH 5RCKP .GQXKIKNF VQ #EJKNC ++ *KURCPKE 0WOKUOCVKE 5GTKGU /QPQITCRJ 0GY ;QTM :8 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
/144+510 - ( )4706*#. * %CTQNKPIKCP %QKPCIG 00/ 0GY ;QTM :++ 5 6HP (CNVMCTVGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
/144+5510 % %CVCNQIWG FGU OQPPCKGU $[\CPVKPGU FG NC $KDNKQVJ½SWG 0CVKQPCNG 6QOG & # PCUVCUG +GT C ,WUVKPKGP ++ 2CTKU 5 6HP 6QOG &G 2JKNKRRKEWU C #NGZKU +++
2CTKU 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
12 &'0 8'.&' 9 -.##55'0 % , ( 5EGCVVCU CPF /GTQXKPIKCP &GPKGTU HTQO &QODWTI CPF 9GUVGPUEJQWYGP /KFFGNDWTI :++ 5 OKV 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
.
2417 / %CVCNQIWG FGU /QPPCKGU (TCP¼CKUGU FG NC $KDNKQVJ½SWG 0CVKQPCNG .GU /QPPCKGU %CTQNKP IKGPPGU 2CTKU .:::+: 5 OKV #DD 6HP *CNDNGFGT PCEJ HTCP\ÌUKUEJGT $KPFWPIUCTV 2CRKGT GVYCU DT·WPNKEJ //#)
4#0+'4+ ' .C OQPGVC\KQPG FK 4CXGPPC CPVKEC FCN 8 CNNy 8+++ UGEQNQ +ORGTQ 4QOCPQ G $K\CPVKPQ 4GIPQ 1UVTQIQVQ G .QPIQDCTFQ $QNQIPC :8+++ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV #
4#5+.' / .G /QPGVG FK %CRWC FGN RGTKQFQ CPVKEQ G OGFKQGXCNG +VTK 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKV *GHVMNCOOGTCDFTWEM
.
.
/KV 9KFOWPIUUVGORGN CWH FGO 6KVGNDNCVV
.
4#661 4 /QPPCKGU D[\CPVKPGU 0CEJFTWEM #OUVGTFCO FGT #WMVKQP .WICPQ 5 6HP '. )CP\NGKPGP
.
/QPPCKGU $[\CPVKPGU GV F CWVTGU RC[U EQPVGORQTCKPGU C N ¾RQSWG $[\CPVKPG .C RNWU TKEJG GV NC RNWU XCUVG EQNNGEVKQP RTKX¾G 0CEJFTWEM #OUVGTFCO FGT #WUICDG .WICPQ 5 OKV 0TP 6HP 'TIGDPKUNKUVG .GKPGP /KV $NGKUVKHVPQVK\GP - -4'56'8 $GYGTVWPIUVCDGNNG \WO -CVCNQI 4CVVQ /QPPCKGU $[\CPVKPGU /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP .GKPGP
.
4'+0*#46 9 &KG /ÒP\GP FGU 5YGDGPTGKEJGU .CU OQPGFCU 8KUKIQFCU FGN /WUGQ #TSWGQNQIKEQ 5& CWU /$0) 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT
.
&KG /ÒP\GP FGU YGUVIQVKUEJGP 4GKEJGU XQP 6QNGFQ 5& CWU &GWVUEJGU ,CJTGUDWEJ HÒT 0WOKUOCVKM ,CJTICPI WPF /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP $TQUEJKGTV
.
4'6195-+ 1 &KG /ÒP\GP FGT -QOPGPGP XQP 6TCRG\WPV /QUMCW 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP FGT <GKV UGJT UGNVGPGU 'ZGORNCT
53
NEUZEIT - ALLGEMEIN .
4+%166+ 24+0# & .C OQPGVC\KQPG CWTGC FGNNG \GEEJG OKPQTK $K\CPVKPG FCN 8+ CN +: UGEWNQ 4QO 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
.
5#$#6+'4 , &GUETKRVKQP I¾PGTCNG FGU OQPPCKGU $[\CPVKPGU $·PFG 0& )TC\ FGT #WUICDG 2CTKU 8++ 5 5 +P GKPGO $CPF KP .GKPGP IGDWPFGP :+++ 6HP .GKPGP &C\W YGKVGTG 5EJTKHVGP \WT D[\CPVKPKUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM
&GUETKRVKQP I¾P¾TCNG FGU OQPPCKGU $[\CPVKPGU HTCRR¾GU UQWU NGU GORGTGWTU F 1TKGPV FGRWKU #TECFKWU LWUSW C NC RTKUG FG %QPUVCPVKPQRNG RCT /CJQOGV ++ $·PFG 0CEJFTWEM .GKR\KI FGT #WUICDG 2CTKU .QPFQP 8++ 5 OKV 6GZVCDD 6HP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP 2CTV +NNWUVT¾G )TC\ :+++ 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
5#/$10 ) 4GRGTVQTKQ IGPGTCNG FGNNG OQPGVG EQPKCVG KP +VCNKC G FC +VCNKCPK CNN GUVGTQ FCN UGEQNQ 8u CN ::u 6GKN 2GTKQFQ FCN =OGJT PKEJV GTUEJKGPGP? 2CTKIK (TQPVKURK\ :+ 5 6HP $TQUEJWT //#)
5'+$6 9 &KG D[\CPVKPKUEJGP $NGKUKGIGN KP ¤UVGTTGKEJ $CPF -CKUGTJQH ¤#&9 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP FGT -QOOKUUKQP HÒT $[\CPVKPKUVKM 9KGP 5 6HP .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI //#)
61.561+ , /QPPCKGU $[\CPVKPGU 0& $QNQIPC Q , FGT #WUICDG 5V 2GVGTUDWTI : 5 6HP +P \YGK $·PFGP IGDWPFGP .GKPGP
.
.
.
.
+P TWUUKUEJGT 5RTCEJG
.
.
.
.
61/#5+0+ 9 , 6JG $CTDCTKE 6TGOKUUKU KP 5RCKP CPF 5QWVJGTP (TCPEG #PCUVCUKWU VQ .GQXKIKNF 00/ 0GY ;QTM ::8 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#) , & $4'%-'04+&)' 6JG 0WOKUOCVKE +EQPQTCRJ[ QH ,WUVKPKCP ++ # & 00/ 0GY ;QTM : 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
8¤.%-'45 * * -CTQNKPIKUEJG /ÒP\HWPFG FGT (TÒJ\GKV 2KRRKP -CTNOCPP -CTN FGT )TQG + WPF ++ /ÒP\RGTKQFG #DJCPFNWPIGP FGT #MCFGOKG FGT 9KUUGPUEJCHVGP KP )ÌVVKPIGP 2JKN JKUV -N )ÌVVKPIGP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF #
9416* 9 9GUVGTP CPF RTQXKPEKCN $[\CPVKPG %QKPU QH VJG 8CPFCNU 1UVTQIQVJU .QODCTFU CPF QH VJG 'ORKTGU QH 6JGUUCNQPKEC 0KECGC CPF 6TGDK\QPF KP VJG $TKVKUJ /WUGWO 0CEJFTWEM %JKECIQ FGT 1TKIKPCNCWUICDG .QPFQP :%+8 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP ( 56'(#0 &KG /ÒP\UV·VVG 5KT OKWO WPVGT FGP 1UVIQVGP WPF )GRKFGP 'KP $GKVTCI \WT )GUEJKEJVG FGU IGTOCPKUEJGP /ÒP\YGUGPU KP FGT <GKV FGT 8ÌNMGTYCPFGTWPI *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG 5 6H =/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN 2GVGT ,CGE MGN? 1TKI $TQUEJWT
+ORGTKCN $[\CPVKPG %QKPU KP VJG $TKVKUJ /WUGWO $·PFG 0& %JKECIQ FGT #WUICDG .QPFQP %:++ 5 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF IGDWPFGP .GKPGP
0'7<'+6 #..)'/'+0 .
$4#75' /#05('.& # (GNF 0QVJ WPF $GNCIGTWPIUOÒP\GP XQP &GWVUEJNCPF ¤UVGTTGKEJ 7PICTP 5KGDGPDÒTIGP /QNFCW &·PGOCTM 5EJYGFGP 0QTYGIGP 4WUUNCPF 2QNGP WUY $·PFG $GTNKP :+ 5 6HP 8+++ 5 6HP (QNKQ +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP 6C FGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI //#)
$GUKV\GTUVGORGN &T ( : 9GK\KPIGT %Q
.
&#8'02146 , 5 'WTQRGCP %TQYPU (TCPMHWTV )CNGUDWTI #WHNCIG )CNGUWTI CD #WHNCIG .QPFQP
.
&+'7&100' # /CPWGN FGU RQKFU OQP¾VCKTGU 2CTKU (TQPVKURK\ 8++ 5 6HP *CNDNGK PGP 'TUVG 5GKVG GKPIGTKUUGP
.
(.+'55$#%* ( /ÒP\UCOONWPI GPVJCNVGPF FKG YKEJVKIUVGP UGKV FGO 9GUVRJ·NKUEJGP (TKGFGP DKU \WO ,CJTG IGRT·IVGP )QNF WPF 5KNDGT /ÒP\GP #WHNCIG .GKR\KI (CTDVHP OKV 'TN·WVGTWP IGP XQP 5 RTQ 6H +P \YGK $·PFGP 6GZV WPF 6CHGNVGKN IGDWPFGP *CNDNGFGT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
(4+'&'05$74) ( /ÒP\MWPFG WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG FGT 'KP\GNUVCCVGP FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU WPF FGT 0GWG TGP <GKV *CPFDWEJ FGT OKVVGNCNVGTNKEJGP WPF PGWGTGP )GUEJKEJVG #DVGKNWPI /ÒPEJGP $GTNKP 8+++ 5 6HP .GKPGP # .75%*+0 810 '$'0)4'76* #NNIGOGKPG /ÒP\MWPFG WPF )GNF IGUEJKEJVG FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU WPF FGT PGWGTGP <GKV *CPFDWEJ FGT OKVVGNCNVGTNKEJGP WPF PGWGTGP )G UEJKEJVG #DV *KNHUYKUUGPUEJCHVGP WPF #NVGTVÒOGT #WHNCIG /ÒPEJGP $GTNKP :+: 5 OKV #DD .GKPGP
-+5%* $ 5ECNGU CPF 9GKIJVU # *KUVQTKECN 1WVNKPG ;CNG 5VWFKGU KP VJG *KUVQT[ QH 5EKGPEG CPF /GFK EKPG 0GY *CXGP .QPFQP :: 5 OKV #DD .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI 'EMGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
.
54
BALKAN, GRIECHENLAND, MALTA .
-.7)' $ 0WOKUOCVKM FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU *CPFDWEJ WPF 6JGUCWTWU 0WOOQTWO /GFKK #GXK $GTNKP 9KGP 5 OKV 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
-4#75' % . /+5*.'4 % 5VCPFCTF %CVCNQI QH 9QTNF %QKPU &GNWZG #0# %GPVGPPKCN 'FKVKQP $·PFG +QNC 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -WPUVNGFGT KO 5EJWDGT 'KPKIG 5GKVGP IGMPKEMV //#)
.75%*+0 8 '$'0)4'76* # #NNIGOGKPG /ÒP\MWPFG WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU WPF FGT 0GW\GKV #WHNCIG /ÒPEJGP $GTNKP :+: 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP OKV CWH IGMNGDVGP 2CRKGTVKVGN
.
/ -'.'4 * 4GKEJUOÒP\YGUGP KO UR·VGP /KVVGNCNVGT 6GKN &CU ,CJTJWPFGTV 5VWVVICTV 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
.
241-+5%* $ )TWPFFCVGP \WT GWTQR·KUEJGP /ÒP\RT·IWPI FGT 0GW\GKV EC /ÒP\UV·PFG 2T·IGDGTGEJVKIVG 2T·IG\GKVGP /ÒP\UV·VVGP -WT\DKDNKQITCRJKG 8GTUWEJ GKPGT #DHQNIGQTFPWPI 8+0 9KGP ::8+++ 5 -CTVQPKGTV OKPKOCN DGUVQGP //#)
4'+//#00 ( /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGPECDKPGV FGU ,WUVK\TCVJU 4GKOOCPP KP *CPPQXGT #WMVKQP # *GUU (TCPMHWTV C / 6GKNG TGXKFKGTVG #WHNCIG (TQPVKURK\ 8+++ 5 OKV 0TP 6HP +8 5 OKV FGP 0TP 6HP +8 5 OKV FGP 0TP 6HP *CNDNGFGT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP $GKIGNGIV 'TIGDPKUNKUVGP FGT #WMVKQPGP # *GUU (TCPMHWTV C / WPF #
5%*.+%-';5'0 ( 9 # 2#../#00 4 &41;5'0 * 'TMNCGTWPI FGT #DMWGT\WPIGP CWH /WGP\GP FGT PGWGTGP <GKV FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU WPF FGU #NVGTVJWOU UQYKG CWH &GPMOWGP\GP WPF OWGP\CTVK IGP <GKEJGP #WHNCIG $GTNKP 8+ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP OKV &GEMGNRT·IWPI &GEMGN OKV MNGKPGO (NGEM NGKEJV DGUVQGP
.
5%*.7/$'4)'4 * )QNFOÒP\GP 'WTQRCU XQP DKU JGWVG #WHNCIG /ÒPEJGP 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD $TQUEJKGTV //#)
.
5*'22#4& 6 /75*#/ , ( /QPG[ 5ECNGU CPF 9GKIJVU 4GRTKPVGF HTQO VJG 0WOKUOCVKE %KTEW NCT .QPFQP 5 OKV #DD &C\W -CVCNQIG FGT (KTOC 0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP 0T WPF 0T UQYKG GKP MNGKPGU $WEJ 'YKIG 9CCIG XQP 7 *·WUUGTOCPP -ÌNP 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD .GKPGP Z -CTVQPKGTV Z $TQUEJWT Z
.
.
.
.
6*1/5'0 % , %CVCNQIWG FG NC %QNNGEVKQP FG OQPPCKGU FG HGW %JTKUVKCP ,ÒTIGPUGP 6JQOUGP 6GKN .GU OQPPCKGU FW OQ[GP CIG $CPF -QRGPJCIGP 5 0TP )CP\NGKPGP FGT <GKV
.
-1081.76 -QXQNWV XQP /QPQITCRJKGP 5QPFGTFTWEMGP WPF #WHU·V\GP \WT PGW\GKVNKEJGP 0WOKUOC VKM +PVGTGUUCPVGU -QPXQNWV OKV XKGNGP 5VCPFCTFYGTMGP 8GTUEJKGFGPG 'KPD·PFG
.
8GTUEJKGFGPG /QPQITCRJKGP FCTWPVGT , .'+6</#00 9GIYGKUGT CWH FGO )GDKGVG FGT FGWVUEJGP /ÒP\MWPFG KPEN 1GUVGTTGKEJ 5EJYGK\ .WZGODWTI WPF 'NUCUU QFGT IGUEJKEJVNKEJG 0CEJTKEJVGP ÒDGT FCU /ÒP\YGUGP &GWVUEJNCPFU 9GKGPUGG 4 (4+'&$'4) )QNF %QKPU QH VJG 9QTNF HQO #P EKGPV 6KOGU VQ VJG 2TGUGPV %NKHVQP , 5 &#8'02146 .CTIG 5K\G 5KNXGT %QKPU QH VJG 9QTNF )CNGUDWTI +.. ( (4+'&'05$74) /ÒP\MWPFG WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG FGT 'KP\GNUVCCVGP FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU WPF FGT PGWGTGP <GKV /ÒPEJGP $GTNKP ( (.+'55$#%* /ÒP\UCOONWPI GPVJCNVGPF FKG YKEJVKIUVGP UGKV FGO 9GUVRJ·NKUEJGP (TKGFGP DKU \WO ,CJTG IGRT·IVGP )QNF WPF 5KNDGT /ÒP\GP U·OOVNKEJGT .·PFGT WPF 5V·FVG .GKR\KI 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWPFGP
-NGKPGU -QPXQNWV \W XGTUEJKGFGPGP 6JGOGP FGT PGW\GKVNKEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM W C XQP )#.'4+' &'5 /100#+'5 5# * & )+$$5 - , )'4 * & -#*. 4 /'6< /ª0<'0 70& /'&#+..'0 # ) $#5'. ' 0#7 9 2#6#.#5 # 2+%- * 2+.#46< # 567*.'
.
$#.-#0 )4+'%*'0.#0& /#.6# .
$7<&7)#0 ) .7%*+#0 1 124'%7 % % /QPGFG XK DCPEPQVG 4QO³PG XVK $WMCTGUV :. 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD WPF (CTDVHP .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI //#) &C\W ) 241$5<6 0WOKUOCVKUEJG .KVGTCVWT 1UVGWTQRCU WPF FGU $CNMCPU *GHV )TC\ 5 OKV #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
(745' ' * /¾OQKTGU PWOKUOCVKSWGU FG N QTFTG UQWXGTCKP FG 5CKPV ,GCP FG ,¾TWUCNGO 0CEJFTWEM $QNQIPC FGT #WUICDG 4QO 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD $TQUEJKGTV
.
.,7$+%# 5 1RKU ,WIQUNCXGPUMKJ PQXCEC <CITGD ::8++ 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP 6GKNYGKUG UVQEMHNGEMKI WPF GVYCU YCUUGTTCPFKI //#)
.
241-+5%* $ W C 4GRGTVQTKWO \WT PGW\GKVNKEJGP /ÒP\RT·IWPI 'WTQRCU $CPF 5ÒFQUVGWTQRC 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP FGU +PUVKVWVU HÒT 0WOKUOCVKM 9KGP 9KGP .+++ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD (QNKQ )CP\NGKPGP //#)
55
BELGIEN, NIEDERLANDE, LUXEMBURG .
4'0),'1 + %QTRWU FGT OKVVGNCNVGTNKEJGP /Ã&#x2019;P\GP XQP -TQCVKGP 5NCXQPKGP &CNOCVKGP WPF $QUPKGP )TC\ ++ 5 6HP (CNVMCTVG )CP\NGKPGP 0COG CWH 6KVGN PQVKGTV #
.
5%*'/$4+ % * % %QKPU CPF /GFCNU QH VJG -PKIJVU QH /CNVC 0CEJFTWEM .QPFQP FGT #WUICDG .QPFQP :++ 5 OKV 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #
$'.)+'0 0+'&'4.#0&' .7:'/$74) .
&'./106' # .G $¾P¾NWZ F QT #OUVGTFCO .G $¾P¾NWZ F CTIGPV #OUVGTFCO 5WRRNGOGPV CW $¾P¾NWZ F CTIGPV #OUVGTFCO $GKFG *CWRVD·PFG UKPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP WPF KP VCFGNNQUGO <WUVCPF GDGPUQ FCU <WUCV\JGHV , /'8+75 , FG /'; * 4 -+'<'$4+0- 7+6)'8'4+, <100'0$.1'/ #/56'4&#/
.
.7%#5 2 /QPPCKGU UGKIPGWTKCNGU /QUCPGU 9CNEQWTV <CJNTGKEJG WPGKPJGKVNKEJ PWOOGTKGTVG 5GKVGP OKV XKGNGP #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
/#)#+0 2 .GU OQPPCKGU FG ,GCP 6J¾QFQTG FG $CXK½TG 2TKPEG Â&#x2014;X½SWG FG .K½IG %GTENG F ¾VWFGU 0WOKUOCVKSWGU 6TCXCWZ $TWZGNNGU (TQPVKURK\ 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQ ÂGP //#)
.
/14+0 ( /QPPCKGU FG $GNIKSWG FG C %CVCNQIWG FGUETKRVKH F¾VCKNN¾ CXGE 2NCPEJGU FG )TCXWTGU FG VQWVGU NGU /QPPCKGU C[CPV PQTOCNGOGPV EKTEWN¾ $QQO 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP
.
0#*7;5 / 6 *KUVQKTG 0WOKUOCVKSWG FW 4Q[CWOG FG *QNNCPFG UQWU NG 4½IPG FG 5 / .QWKU 0CRQ NGQP 4QK FG *QNNCPFG #OUVGTFCO (TQPVKURK\ :8+ 5 VGKNYGKUG MQNQTKGTVG 6HP .QUG .CIGP VGKNYGKUG WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP #
650
.
14&'0 ) XCP *CPFNGKFKPI XQQT 8GT\COGNCCTU XCP 0GFGTNCPFUEJG *KUVQTKGRGPPKPIGP 6GKNG .G[ FGP 5 5 )T u +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP /KPKOCN DGUVQÂGP
/KV OGJTGTGP $GUKV\GTUVGORGNP 5VCCVUCTEJKX &Ã&#x2019;UUGNFQTH &GRQV 9 8KGNJCDGT $KDNKQVJGM
.
41$'46 % 0WOKUOCVKSWG FG %CODTCK 2CTKU ++ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP PGWGT 'KPDCPF OKV 1TKI 5GKVGP 6HP VGKNYGKUG NGKEJV UVQEMHNGEMKI CPUQPUVGP VCFGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI
.
5%*1.6'0 % 6JG %QKPU QH VJG &WVEJ 1XGTUGCU 6GTTKVQTKGU #OUVGTFCO 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT , 5%*7./#0 *CPFDQGM XCP FG PGFGTNCPFUG OWPVGP #WHNCIG #OUVGTFCO 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD .GKPGP //#)
.
.
. 56
5%*7./#00 , *CPFDQGM XCP FG 0GFGTNCPFUG /WPVGP XCP VQV #OUVGTFCO 5 OKV #DD *CPFDQGM XCP FG 0GFGTNCPFUG /WPVGP XCP #OUVGTFCO 5 OKV #DD
61740'74 8 .GU TQKU FG (TCPEG FG 2JKNKRRG #WIWUVG ¯ 2JKNKRRG NG $GN GV NC OQPPCKG FG (NCPFTG $GKVTCI KP 4$0 $TÃ&#x2019;UUGN 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT $NGKUVKHVCPOGTMWPIGP #
8#0 )'.&'4 * ' &G PGFGTNCPFUG PQQFOWPVGP XCP FG VCEJVKILCTKIG QQTNQI )TCXGPJCIG 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQÂGP
DEUTSCHLAND .
8#0 )'.&'4 * ' *1% / .GU OQPPCKGU FGU 2C[U $CU DQWTIWKIPQPU GV GURCIPQNU #OUVGTFCO 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP 5WRRNGOGPV KP -QRKG NKGIV DGK //#)
.
8'4-#&' 2 /WPVDQGM DGXCVVGPFG FG PCOGP GP CHDGGNFKPIGP XCP OWPVGP IGUNCIGP KP FG \GXGP XQQTOCNKI XGTGGPKIFG PGFGTNCPFUEJG RTQXKPEKGP UGFGTV FGP XTGFG XCP )GPV VQV QR QP\GP VKLF 0CEJFTWEM FGT #WUICDG 5EJKGFCO 8+ 5 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP #
.
9'+..'4 4 .GU OQPPC[CIGU ¾VTCPIGTU FGU RTKPEGU .WZGODQWTIGQKU .WZGODQWTI 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD KO 6GZV
.
-1081.76 $'.)+'0 0+'&'4.#0&' .7:'/$74) -QPXQNWV ÒDGT DGNIKUEJG PKGFGTN·PFK UEJG WPF NWZGODWTIKUEJG /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG FCTWPVGT , 6#'./#0 /WPVGP GP 2GPPKPIGP KP $QWTIQP FKUEJ 8NCCPFGTGP 5VCF $TWIIG , 4 FG /'; 0WOKUOCVKE 2QEMGV WPF $TÒUUGN , /GXKWU 5RGEKCNG ECVCNQIWU XCP FG PGFGTNCPFUG OWPVGP XCP VQV JGFGP #OUVGTFCO WPF 5RGEKCNG ECVCNQIWU XCP FG OWPVGP XCP JGV MQPKPMTKLM FGT PGFGTNCPFGP #OUVGTFCO , &' /'; .GU OQPPCKGU $GNIQ .WZGODQWTIQKUGU FG %JCTNGU +++ ¯ )WKNNCWOG +GT 7PVGTUEJKGF NKEJ IGDWPFGP
&'765%*.#0& .
.
.
.
.
#&'45 ) *7.5*1(( # . W C &KG )GUEJKEJVG FGT )TCHGP WPF *GTTGP XQP .KODWTI WPF .KO DWTI 5V[TWO WPF KJTGT $GUKV\WPIGP 6GKN ++ $F #UUGP WPF /ÒPUVGT 9GUVH 5 6HP #DD )CP\NGKPGP
#.$4'%*6 , /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG FGU *CWUGU *QJGPNQJG XQO FTGK\GJPVGP DKU \WO PGWP\GJPVGP ,CJT JWPFGTV 5& CWU #TEJKX HÒT JQJGPNQJKUEJG )GUEJKEJVG 1GJTKPIGP 1GJTKPIGP 5 0CEJVT·IG 5 6HP 5EJCT\GU *CNDNGFGT OKV IQNF 4ÒEMGPVKVGN OKV 5VCJNUVTKEJ XQP 5EJKNNKPIU HÒTUV
#401.& 2 37'../#.< 9 5·EJUKUEJ VJÒTKPIKUEJG $GTIDCWIGRT·IG )GYKPPWPI WPF 8GTJÒV VWPI XQP )QNF 5KNDGT WPF -WRHGT KO 5RKGIGN FGT /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP .GKR\KI 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP //#)
$#*4('.&6 ' &CU /ÒP\YGUGP FGT /CTM $TCPFGPDWTI XQP FGP ·NVGUVGP <GKVGP DKU \WO #PHCPIG FGT 4GIKGTWPI FGT *QJGP\QNNGTP $GTNKP +: 5 -CTVG 6HP -CTVG *CDNGKPGP GVYCU DGUVQGP //#) #
&KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 5COONWPI KP FGT /CTKGPDWTI $·PFG KP \YGK $·PFGP IGDWPFGP 6GZV WPF 6CHGNDCPF &CP\KI 8 5 OKV 6GZVCDD 5 OKV 6GZVCDD 5 OKV 6GZVCDD 6HP *CNDNGKPGP
$GUKV\GTUVGORGN XQP #NHTGF (TCUG WPF $GUKV\GTGVKMGVV # 4KGEJOCPP %Q CWH FGO 6KVGNDNCVV
.
.
.
.
&KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 5COONWPI KP FGT /CTKGPDWTI $·PFG &CP\KI 8 5 OKV 6GZVCDD 6HP 5 OKV 6GZVCDD 6HP 5 OKV 6GZVCDD 6HP 6GKNYGKUG NQUG .CIGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
$#*4('.&6 / XQP 0KGFGTU·EJUKUEJGU /ÒP\CTEJKX 8GTJCPFNWPIGP CWH FGP -TGKU WPF 2TQDCVK QPUVCIGP FGU 0KGFGTU·EJUKUEJGP -TGKUGU 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP FGT *KUVQTKUEJGP -QOOKUUKQP HÒT *CPPQXGT 1NFGPDWTI $TCWPUEJYGKI 5EJCWODWTI .KRRG WPF $TGOGP $CPF $CPF $CPF $CPF *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG 8+ 5 6HP +8 5 6HP 8+++ 5 6HP 8++ 5 6HP +P GKPJGKVNKEJGO )CP\NGFGT IGDWP FGP VCFGNNQU GTJCNVGP //#)
0KGFGTU·EJUKUEJGU /ÒP\CTEJKX 8GTJCPFNWPIGP CWH FGP -TGKU WPF 2TQDCVKQPUVCIGP FGU 0KGFGTU·EJUK UEJGP -TGKUGU 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP FGT *KUVQTKUEJGP -QOOKUUKQP HÒT *CPPQXGT 1NFGPDWTI $TCWPUEJYGKI 5EJCWODWTI .KRRG WPF $TGOGP $CPF $CPF $CPF *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG 8+ 5 6HP +8 5 6HP 8++ 5 6HP $CPF KP GKPJGKVNKEJGO .GKPGP IGDWPFGP $CPF -WPUVNGKPGP $CPF WPF 'KPDCPF HNGEMKI //#)
0KGFGTU·EJUKUEJGU /ÒP\CTEJKX 8GTJCPFNWPIGP CWH FGP -TGKU WPF 2TQDCVKQPUVCIGP FGU 0KGFGTU·EJUK UEJGP -TGKUGU 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP FGT *KUVQTKUEJGP -QOOKUUKQP HÒT *CPPQXGT 1NFGPDWTI $TCWPUEJYGKI 5EJCWODWTI .KRRG WPF $TGOGP $CPF $CPF $CPF $CPF *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG 8+ 5 6HP +8 5 6HP 8+++ 5 6HP 8++ 5 6HP $CPF KP GKPJGKVNKEJGO )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP $CPF )CP\NGKPGP $CPF DTQUEJKGTV $CPF OKV -QRHTQVUEJPKVV VCFGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI //#)
.
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT 5VCFV 5VCFG 9KGP 8+ 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP UVQEMHNGEMKI #
.
$GKVT·IG \WT /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG FGT .ÒPGDWTIKUEJGP .CPFG KO GTUVGP &TKVVGN FGU ,CJTJWPFGTVU 9KGP :8 5 #DD KO 6GZV )CP\NGKPGP
$GUKV\GTUVGORGN XQP &T ( : 9GK\KPIGT %Q CWH FGO 6KVGNDNCVV
57
DEUTSCHLAND .
.
$GKVT·IG \WT /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG FGT .ÒPGDWTIKUEJGP .CPFG KO GTUVGP &TKVVGN FGU ,CJTJWPFGTVU 9KGP 'Z NKDTKU :8 OKV -CTVG WPF 6H 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP URQTCFKUEJG #POGTMWPIGP IGDT·WPVG 5GKVGP WPF CWUIGDNKEJGPGT 4ÒEMGP CPUQPUVGP IWV GTJCNVGPGU 'ZGORNCT # &C\W 5QPFGTFTWEMG &KG DKUEJÌHNKEJ *KNFGUJGKOGT #WUDGWVGVCNGT CWU FGP ,CJTGP 9KGPGT PWOKUOC VKUEJG <GKVUEJTKHV $CPF
ªDGT FKG ·NVGTGP *CODWTIGT 2QTVWICNÌUGT KP <GKVUEJTKHV FGU 8GTGKPU HÒT *CODWTIKUEJG )GUEJKEJVG $CPF *CODWTI 5 (CNVVH *CNDNGKPGP
673
.
.
.
.
674
$#..; 1 $GUEJTGKDWPI XQP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGU (ÒTUVGPJCWUGU WPF .CPFGU $CFGP KP EJTQPQ NQIKUEJGT (QNIG CWU FGT 5COONWPI FGU ITQUUJGT\QINKEJ DCFKUEJGP -QOOGT\KGPTCVJU 1VVQ $CNN[ KP 5·EM KPIGP 6GKN #CTCW ::+: 5 RTCEJVXQNN MQNQTKGTVG 9CRRGPVHP 5VCOO WPF /ÒP\VHP )TQHQNKQ )GRT·IVGT WPF IGH·TDVGT )CP\NGKPGPGKPDCPF OKV )CP\TQVUEJPKVV WPF IQNFGPGT 4ÒEMGPDG UEJTKHVWPI DGUVQGP XGTGKP\GNVG 5VQEMHNGEMGP CO QDGTGP WPF WPVGTGP 5GKVGPTCPF #
$GUEJTGKDWPI XQP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGU (ÒTUVGPJCWUGU WPF .CPFGU $CFGP 6GKN /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGU <·JTKPIGP $CFKUEJGP (ÒTUVGPJCWUGU #CTCW ::+: 9CRRGPVH 5VCOOVHP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT )CP\IQNFUEJPKVV
$'%-'0$#7'4 ' &KG /ÒP\GP FGT 4GKEJUUVCFV 4GIGPUDWTI $C[GTKUEJG /ÒP\MCVCNQIG )TÒPYCNF 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -WPUVNGFGT 'KPDCPF NGKEJV XGTUEJOWV\V 'TI·P\WPIGP $GTKEJVK IWPIGP 5VGNNWPIPCJOGP 2T·IGVCDGNNGP )TÒPYCNF 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )GJGHVGV //#) * 5%*¤22.'4 4GIGPUDWTIGT /ÒP\GP FGU FGWVUEJGP /KVVGNCNVGTU 5 )GJGHVGV
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT 4GKEJUUVCFV 4GIGPUDWTI $C[GTKUEJG /ÒP\MCVCNQIG )TÒPYCNF 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -WPUVNGFGT
677
.
$'+'4.'+0 , 2 &KG DC[GTKUEJGP /ÒP\GP FGU *CWUGU 9KVVGNUDCEJ XQP FGO 'PFG FGU \YÌNHVGP DKU \WT /KVVG FGU UGEJ\GJPVGP ,CJTJWPFGTVU /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP 6HP KP HCNUEJGT 4GKJGPHQNIG GKPIGDWPFGP )WV GTJCNVGPGU 'ZGORNCT //#) /KV 'Z NKDTKU 1 -Q\KPQYUMK KO 8QTUCV\
58
DEUTSCHLAND .
$'4)'4 ( &KG OKVVGNCNVGTNKEJGP $TCMVGCVGP KO -GUVPGT /WUGWO *CPPQXGT 5COONWPIUMCVCNQI *CPPQXGT 5 FCXQP \CJNTGKEJG 6HP -CTVQPKGTV # $ª660'4 & $ª660'4 &KG OKV VGNCNVGTNKEJGP $TCMVGCVGP KO -GUVPGT /WUGWO *CPPQXGT 6GKN 5COONWPIUMCVCNQI *CPPQXGT 5 FCXQP \CJNTGKEJG 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT #
.
$'4)*#75 2 / -'.'4 * &GWVUEJG /ÒP\GP FGT 9KMKPIGT\GKV UQYKG FGU JQJGP WPF UR·VGP /KVVGNCNVGTU * 0KNNUUQP *TUI 7RRUCNC 8+++ 5 OKV 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
$'40*#46 / &KG /ÒP\GP FGT 4GKEJUUVCFV -CWHDGWTGP /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP 5& CWU /$0) *CNDNGKPGP 5VGORGN CWH FGO 6KVGN
.
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT 4GKEJUUVCFV -GORVGP 5& CWU /$0) 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT 4GKEJUUVCFV -GORVGP 5& CWU /$0) 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT 4ÒEMGP DGUEJ·FKIV //#)
.
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT 4GKEJUUVCFV -GORVGP 5& CWU /$0) 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
684
.
686
$'456'66 # (TGKJGTT XQP /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG FGU <·JTKPIGP $CFKUEJGP (ÒTUVGPJCWUGU WPF FGT OKV UGKPGO 5EGRVGT XGTGKPKIVGP 5V·FVG WPF .CPFUEJCHVGP (TGKDWTI KO $TGKUICW 8+++ 5 6HP -NCRRMCTVG 6HP GVYCU UVQEMHNGEMKI UQPUV VCFGNNQUGU 'ZGORNCT -CTVQPKGTV 4ÒEMGP GVYCU DGUEJ·FKIV //#)
$';5%*.#) & ' 8GTUWEJ GKPGT /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG #WIUDWTIU KP FGO /KVVGNCNVGT PGDUV $G[VT·IGP \WT /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG FGT ÒDTKIGP #NGOCPPKUEJ 5WGXKUEJGP .CPFG KP FGO P·ONKEJGP <GKVTCWOG 5VWVVICTV WPF 6ÒDKPIGP : 5 6HP , 2 )TQUUJCWUGT 8GT\GKEJPKU FGT KP FGT /ÒP\UCOONWPI FGU JKUVQTK UEJGP 8GTGKPU XQP 5EJYCDGP WPF 0GWDWTI DGHKPFNKEJGP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT 5VCFV #WIUDWTI 5 FWTEJUEJQUUGPGU 'ZGORNCT OKV XKGNGP 0QVK\GP +P GKPGP $CPF IGDWPFGP 4ÒEMGP NQUG *CNDNGKPGP
8GTUWEJ GKPGT /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG #WIUDWTIU KP FGO /KVVGNCNVGT PGDUV $G[VT·IGP \WT /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG FGT ÒDTKIGP #NGOCPPKUEJ 5WGXKUEJGP .CPFG KP FGO P·ONKEJGP <GKVTCWOG 5VWVVICTV WPF 6ÒDKPIGP : 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT
$+0&'4 % '$0'4 , 9ÒTVVGODGTIKUEJG /ÒP\ WPF /GFCKNNGPMWPFG $CPF *GHV WPF $CPF *GHV 0CEJFTWEM 5VWVVICTV FGT #WUICDG 5VWVVICTV +8 5 &QRRGNVHP 5 &QRRGNVHP )CP\NGKPGP GKPKIG $NGKUVKHVPQVK\GP KO 6GZV //#)
.
9ÒTVVGODGTIKUEJG /ÒP\ WPF /GFCKNNGPMWPFG $CPF 5VWVVICTV +8 5 &QRRGNVHP *CND RGTICOGPV
.
$1&' 9 , . &CU ·NVGTG /ÒP\YGUGP FGT 5VCCVGP WPF 5V·FVG 0KGFGTUCEJUGPU $TCWPUEJYGKI :8+ 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV OKV CWHIGMNGDVGP .GFGTTGUVGP FGU 1TKIKPCNVKVGNU CWH FGO 4ÒEMGP UVQEM HNGEMKI 6HP OKV 9CUUGTUEJCFGP #
$1.<'06*#. * &GPMOÒP\GP \WT )GUEJKEJVG UGKPGT /CLGUV·V FGU -ÌPKIU XQP 2TGWUUGP (TKGFTKEJ 9KNJGNO +++ $GTNKP +8 5 6HP $TCWPGT *CNDNGFGTGKPDCPF DGUVQGP WPF UVQEMHNGEMKI
.
.
.
.
59
DEUTSCHLAND .
$7%*'0#7 * 2+%- $ &GT $TCMVGCVGPHWPF XQP )QVJC /ÒPEJGP 8+++ 5 OKV #DD 6HP +P *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP WPF KP UGJT IWVGO <WUVCPF //#)
.
$7%- * &CU )GNF WPF /ÒP\YGUGP FGT 5V·FVG KP FGP .CPFGP *CPPQXGT WPF $TCWPUEJYGKI (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP 5 $TQUEJKGTV * $7%- 1 /'+'4 &KG /ÒP\GP FGT 5VCFV *CPPQXGT *CPPQXGT 5CWDGTG -QRKG KP )CP\NGKPGP $ &14(/#00 /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT *GT\ÌIG XQP 5CEJ UGP .CWGPDWTI 4CV\GDWTI 5 6HP $TQUEJKGTV $ '0)'.-' /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG FGT 5VCFV *CPPQXGT *CPPQXGT 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP ) &78' &KEMVCNGT 2T·IWPIGP (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP
.
&CU )GNF WPF /ÒP\YGUGP FGT 5V·FVG KP FGP .CPFGP *CPPQXGT WPF $TCWPUEJYGKI (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP 5 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT 5VCFV 'KPDGEM *KNFGUJGKO WPF .GKR\KI 8++ 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 5GKVGP WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP //#)
.
$7%- * $#*4('.&6 / XQP &KG /ÒP\GP FGT 5VCFV *KNFGUJGKO *KNFGUJGKO WPF .GKR\KI :+ 5 OKV #DD 6HP -N (QNKQ )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQUGU 'ZGORNCT //#)
.
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT 5VCFV *KNFGUJGKO *KNFGUJGKO WPF .GKR\KI :+ 5 OKV #DD 6HP -N (QNKQ 1TKI $TQUEJWT VCFGNNQUGU 'ZGORNCT //#)
.
%#*0 ' $ &KG /ÒP\GP FGU *QEJUVKHVU 'KEJUV·VV $C[GTKUEJG /ÒP\MCVCNQIG )TÒPYCNF 5 (CNVMCTVG )CP\MWPUVNGFGT #
.
%#*0 , /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG XQP -QPUVCP\ WPF FGU $QFGPUGGIGDKGVGU KO /KVVGNCNVGT DKU \WO 4GKEJUOÒP\IGUGV\ XQP /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG FGT KO )TQJGT\QIVWO $CFGP XGTGKPKIVGP )G DKGVG + 6GKN *GKFGNDGTI : 5 6HP (CNVMCTVG 2TCEJVXQNNGT )CP\NGFGTGKPDCPF OKV -QRH IQNFUEJPKVV \CJNTGKEJGP JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGP 0QVK\GP GKPKIG JKP\WIGHÒIVG /ÒP\CDDKNFWPIGP OKV $GUEJTGK DWPIGP //#)
%#22' * 2 &KG /ÒP\GP FGT FGWVUEJGP -CKUGT WPF -ÌPKIG FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU 6GKNG KP GKPGP $CPF &TGUFGP 8+++ :+8 8+++ 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT VCFGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI #
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT *GT\ÌIG XQP $CKGTP FGT $WTIITCHGP XQP 4GIGPUDWTI WPF FGT $KUEJÌHG XQP #WIUDWTI CWU FGO \GJPVGP WPF GNHVGP ,CJTJWPFGTVG &TGUFGP 5 6HP OKPKOCN UVQEMHNGEMKI *CNDNGK PGP #
$GUEJTGKDWPI FGT /ÒP\GP FGU XQTOCNKIGP -CKUGTNKEJGP HTGKGP YGNVNKEJGP 5VKHVU 3WGFNKPDWTI &TGUFGP +8 5 -WRHGTVHP )CP\NGKPGP UVQEMHNGEMKI //#)
.
.
.
WGTUV UGNVGP #WU FGT $KDNKQVJGM (ÒTUVGPDGTI &QPCWGUEJKPIGP
.
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT 5VCFV WPF FGU $KUVJWOU *KNFGUJGKO &TGUFGP : 5 -WRHGTVHP .GKPGP 'KPTKG CO 4ÒEMGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP //#)
.
%#22' 9 7TMÒPFNKEJG /ÒP\ )GUEJKEJVG FGT 5VCFV %QGUHGNF \WINGKEJ $GKVTCI \WT )GUEJKEJVG FGT ÒDTKIGP OÒPUVGTN·PFKUEJGP 5V·FVG %QGUHGNF 5 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
&#00'0$'4) * &KG FGWVUEJGP /ÒP\GP FGT U·EJUKUEJGP WPF HT·PMKUEJGP -CKUGT\GKV $·PFG KP FTGK IGDWPFGP $GTNKP :+: 5 6HP -CTVG 8 5 6HP (CNV MCTVG 8+ 5 OKV 6GZVCDD 6HP 8+ 5 6HP $CPF WPF KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP $CPF KP *CNDNGKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP 6CFGNNQUGU 'ZGORNCT //#)
+P FKGUGT 3WCNKV·V UGNVGP CPIGDQVGP
.
&KG FGWVUEJGP /ÒP\GP FGT U·EJUKUEJGP WPF HT·PMKUEJGP -CKUGT\GKV $·PFG WPF 0CEJVT·IG 0CEJFTWEM #CNGP FGT #WUICDG $GTNKP :+: 8 8+ 8+ 5 6HP -CTVGP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #
&#8'02146 , 5 )GTOCP 6CNGTU .QPFQP )GTOCP EJWTEJ CPF EKV[ 6CNGTU +NNKPQKU )GTOCP EJWTEJ CPF EKV[ 6CNGTU 8QN +NNKPQKU )GTOCP 5GEWNCT 6CNGTU (TCPMHWTV C /
.
)GTOCP 6CNGTU (TCPMHWTV C / 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -WPUVNGFGT //#)
.
.CTIG 5K\G 5KNXGT %QKPU QH VJG 9QTNF VJ VQ VJ %GPVWTKGU #WHNCIG +QNC 5 OKV \CJNTGK EJGP #DD -WPUVNGFGT
.
5KNXGT )WNFGP #WHNCIG 0GWYKGF FGT #WUICDG (TCPMHWTV C / 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -WPUVNGFGT //#)
.
&'6*.'(5 ) 56')79'+6 9 *TUI )GNF-WPUV -WPUV)GNF &GWVUEJG )GFGPMOÒP\GP UGKV )GUVCNVWPI WPF )GUVCNVGT 1UPCDTÒEM 5 OKV #DD -CTVQPKGTV
.
8GTITKHHGP
60
DEUTSCHLAND .
&'765%*' $70&'5$#0- *I $TCMVGCVGP FGT 5VCWHGT\GKV (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP Q , 5 #DD OKV $GUEJTGKDWPIGP GKPG -CTVG &GWVUEJG 6CNGT 8QP FGP #PH·PIGP FGT 6CNGTRT·IWPI DKU \WO &TGKKIL·JTKIGP -TKGI (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP Q , 5 OKV #DD 6HP (CNVMCTVG &GWVUEJG 6CNGT 8QO &TGKKIL·JTKIGP -TKGI DKU \WO 'PFG FGT 6CNGTRT·IWPI (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP Q , 5 OKV #DD -CTVGP 6CNGTCDD (CNVMCTVG #NNG FTGK 9GTMG UKPF KP XGTUEJKGFGP ITCWHCTDGPGP )CP\NGKPGP OKV UKNDGTPGT &GEMGNRT·IWPI IGDWPFGP UGJT IWVGT <WUVCPF
.
&1..+0)'4 ( &KG (ÒTUVGPDGTIKUEJGP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP &QPCWGUEJKPIGP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
&7&+- $ &GU JQJGP FGWVUEJGP 4KVVGTQTFGPU /ÒP\UCOONWPI KP 9KGP 9KGP :++ 5 6HP 'VYCU UVQEMHNGEMKI *CNDNGFGT
.
&ª0+0) # ªDGTUKEJV ÒDGT FKG /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG FGU MCKUGTNKEJGP HTGKGP YGNVNKEJGP 5VKHVU 3WGFNKPDWTI 3WGFNKPDWTI 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT UVCTM CWUIGDNKEJGP WPF GVYCU DGUEJOWV\V
.
&78' ) *KUVQT[ QH VJG 4GFGGOCDNG /WNVKRNG CPF /KPKPI 6CNGTU QH $TWPUYKEM .WPGDWTI ,QJCPPGU DWTI 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -WPUVNGKPGP //#) , 5 &#8'02146 1XGTUK\G /WNVKRNG 6CNGTU QH VJG $TWPUYKEM FWEJKGU CPF 5CZG .CWGPDWTI 8+ 5 OKV XKGNGP 6GZVCDD 5VCOOVCHGN -WPUVNGKPGP
716
.
'*'$'4) - 6 ªDGT FCU ·NVGTG FGWVUEJG /ÒP\YGUGP WPF FKG *CWUIGPQUUGPUEJCHVGP DGUQPFGTU KP XQNMUYKTVJUEJCHVNKEJGT $G\KGJWPI .GKR\KI 8+++ 5 *CNDNGKPGP
.
'+5'4/#00 ' &KG /ÒP\G KP #NVRTGWGP 8QTVTCI IGJCNVGP KP FGT *CWRVXGTUCOONWPI FGU )GUCOV XGTGKPU FGT FGWVUEJGP )GUEJKEJVU WPF #NVGTVWOUXGTGKPG CO #WIWUV *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
'.<' 6 &KG /ÒP\GP $GTPJCTFU )TCHGP XQP #PJCNV *GT\QIU XQP 5CEJUGP *GHVG $GTNKP 5 6HP 5 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP //#)
.
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN XQP &T ( : 9GK\KPIGT %Q CWH FGO 6KVGNDNCVV
.
.
.
.
'//'4+) * &GT 4GIGPUDWTIGT 2HGPPKI &KG /ÒP\RT·IWPI KP 4GIGPUDWTI XQO ,CJTJWPFGTV DKU $GTNKPGT 0WOKUOCVKUEJG (QTUEJWPIGP 0GWG (QNIG $GTNKP 5 -CTVGP 6HP -CTVQPKGTV //#)
'//'4+) * -1<+0195-+ 1 &KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT 4GIGPUDWTIGT $KUEJÌHG WPF FGU &QOMCRKVGNU UGKV FGO ,CJTJWPFGTV /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG WPF 8CTKCPVGPMCVCNQI 5ÒFFGWVUEJG /ÒP\MCVC NQIG 5VWVVICTV 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV //#)
'4$56'+0 , W # &KG 4KVVGT XQP 5EJWNVJGUU 4GEJDGTI UEJG /ÒP\ WPF /GFCKNNGP 5COONWPI 6GKNG &TGUFGP :8+ 5 OKV 0TP 5 '. :+++ 5 5 '. *CNDNGFGT /KV #POGTMWPIGP KO 6GZV //#)
'4$56'+0 , 4 WPF * # &KG /ÒP\ WPF /GFCKNNGP 5COONWPI FGU XGTUVQTDGPGP *GTTP &T LWT % -PQNN KP 0ÒTPDGTI $GJWHU ÌHHGPVNKEJGT \W 0ÒTPDGTI UVCVVHKPFGPFGT 8GTUVGKIGTWPI IGQTFPGV WPF DG UEJTKGDGP 0ÒTPDGTI 8++ 5 OKV 0TP *CNDGKPGP 9GPKIG #POGTMWPIGP KO 6GZV //#)
$GUKV\GTXGTOGTM /WUGWO FGT 5VCFV 4GIGPUDWTI
61
DEUTSCHLAND
723
.
'4$56'+0 , W # &GU -ÌPKINKEJGP /ÒP\ %CDKPGVU \W &TGUFGP &QWDNGVVGP CP /ÒP\GP /GFCKNNGP WPF $ÒEJGTP &TGUFGP 8+++ 5 6H 'KPKIG 0QVK\GP KO 6GZVVGKN )CP\NGKPGP
.
'TÌTVGTWPIGP CWH FGO )GDKGV FGT U·EJUKUEJGP /ÒP\ WPF /GFCKNNGP 5COONWPI $CPF &TGUFGP 5 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP 5 UQYKG 6H ++ +++ NKGIGP CNU -QRKG XQT &C\W 9 *#726 6CDGNNGP \WT U·EJUKUEJGP /ÒP\MWPFG #TDGKVU WPF (QTUEJWPIUDGTKEJVG \WT U·EJUKUEJGP $QFGPFGPMOCNRHNGIG &TGUFGP 5 FCXQP 6HP *CNDNGKPGP 6CDGNNG \WT U·EJUKUEJGP /ÒP\MWPFG 'KPG *CPFTGKEJWPI HÒT 5COONGT U·EJUKUEJGT /ÒP\GP &TGUFGP 5
.
'4.#0)'4 * , &KG 4GKEJUOÒP\UV·VVG KP 0ÒTPDGTI 0ÒTPDGTIGT (QTUEJWPIGP 0ÒTPDGTI 8 5 OKV -CTVGP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
':6'4 ( 2H·N\KUEJG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP (CMUKOKNG /ÒPEJGP +: 5 5VCOOVCHGNP .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI
727
.
62
(+#.# ' /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT 9GNHKUEJGP .CPFG 6GKN 2T·IWPIGP FGT <GKV FGT .KWFQNHKPIGT $TWPQPGP 1VVQPGP $KNNKPIGT 5WRRNKPIGPDWTIGT GVE .GKR\KI 9KGP 5 6HP 6GKN &KG 9GNHGP KP FGP 5CEJUGPNCPFGP &CU CNVG *CWU .ÒPGDWTI 2T·IWPIGP FGT $WTIWPFKGT FGT 9GNHGP KP $C[ GTP +VCNKGP GVE .GKR\KI 9KGP 5 OKV 6GZVCDD 6HP 6GKN &CU CNVG *CWU $TCWPUEJYGKI .KPKG \W )TWDGPJCIGP /KVVGNDTCWPUEJYGKI /KVVGNNÒPGDWTI .GKR\KI 9KGP 5 OKV 6GZ VCDD 6HP 6GKN &CU OKVVNGTG *CWU $TCWPUEJYGKI .KPKG \W 9QNHGPDÒVVGN .GKR\KI 9KGP 5 OKV #DD 6HP 6GKN &CU OKVVNGTG *CWU $TCWPUEJYGKI .KPKG \W %CNGPDGTI .GKR\KI 9KGP 5 OKV #DD 6HP 6GKN &CU PGWG *CWU $TCWPUEJYGKI \W 9QNHGPDÒVVGN .GKR\KI 9KGP 5 OKV #DD 6HP 6GKN &CU PGWG *CWU $TCWPUEJYGKI \W 9QNHGPDÒVVGN ++
$GXGTP .GKR\KI 9KGP 5 OKV #DD 6HP 6GKN KP GKPGO $CPF IGDWPFGP *CNDNGFGT NGKEJV DGUVQGP CPUQPUVGP VCFGNNQU GTJCNVGP 8KGNG DGKIGNGIVG <GVVGN OKV KPVGTGUUCPVGP 0QK\GP //#)
DEUTSCHLAND .
/ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT 9GNHKUEJGP .CPFG 6GKN 2T·IWPIGP FGT <GKV FGT .KWFQNHKPIGT $TWPQPGP
1VVQPGP $KNNKPIGT 5WRRNKPIGPDWTIGT GVE 2TCI 5 6HP 6GKN &KG 9GNHGP KP FGP 5CEJ UGPNCPFGP &CU CNVG *CWU .ÒPGDWTI 2T·IWPIGP FGT $WTIWPFKGT FGT 9GNHGP KP $C[GTP +VCNKGP GVE 2TCI 5 6HP 6GKN &CU CNVG *CWU $TCWPUEJYGKI .KPKG \W )TWDGPJCIGP /KVVGNDTCWPUEJYGKI /KVVGNNÒPGDWTI 2TCI 5 6HP 6GKN &CU OKVVNGTG *CWU $TCWPUEJYGKI .KPKG \W 9QNHGPDÒVVGN 2TCI 5 6HP 6GKN &CU OKVVNGTG *CWU $TCWPUEJYGKI .KPKG \W %CNGPDGTI 2TCI 5 6HP 6GKN &CU PGWG *CWU $TCWPUEJYGKI \W 9QNHGPDÒVVGN 2TCI 5 6HP 6GKN &CU PGWG *CWU $TCWPUEJYGKI \W 9QNHGPDÒVVGN ++ $GXGTP 2TCI 5 6HP 6GKN &CU PGWG *CWU .ÒPGDWTI %GNNG \W *CPPQXGT + 2TCI 5 6HP 6GKN &CU PGWG *CWU .ÒPGDWTI %GNNG \W *CPPQXGT ++ 2TCI 5 6HP 6GKN &CU PGWG *CWU \W *CPPQXGT +++ 2TCI 5 6HP 6GKN &CU PGWG *CWU .ÒPGDWTI \W 'PINCPF )TQDTKVCP PKGP 2TCI 5 6HP +P $·PFGP GKPJGKVNKEJ IGDWPFGP 6CFGNNQU GTJCNVGP //#) /KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN XQP &T ( : 9GK\KPIGT %Q KP $CPF WPF $GUKV\GTUVGORGN XQP # 4KGEJ OCPP %Q KP $CPF
.
.
.
.
.
(+5%*'4 ' &KG /ÒP\GP FGU *CWUGU 5EJYCT\DWTI 'KP $GKVTCI \WT .CPFGUIGUEJKEJVG FGT (ÒTUVGPVÒ OGT 5EJYCT\DWTI 5QPFGTUJCWUGP WPF 5EJYCT\DWTI 4WFQNUVCFV *GKFGNDGTI .:+8 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP VCFGNNQUGU 'ZGORNCT //#)
(¤45%*0'4 ) &GWVUEJG /ÒP\GP #CEJGP DKU #WIUDWTI /KVVGNCNVGT DKU 0GW\GKV $GUVCPF FGU *KUVQTKUEJGP /WUGWOU (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP 5 OKV $GUEJTGKDWPI WPF #DD XQP GVYC /ÒP\GP -CTVG -WPUVNGFGT PGWYGTVKI
(1456'4 # 5%*/+& 4 &KG /ÒP\GP FGT HTGKGP 4GKEJUUVCFV #WIUDWTI XQP GTNCPIVGO /ÒP\TGEJV
CP DKU \WO 8GTNWUVG FGT 4GKEJUHTGKJGKV #WIUDWTI 5 &QRRGNVHP -WPUVNGKPGP (NGEMKI //#)
(4+'&'05$74) ( 5EJNGUKGPU /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG KO /KVVGNCNVGT 6GKNG WPF 'TI·P\WPIUDCPF $TGUNCW 5 6HP 8+++ 5 5 6HP 5 MNGKPGT 'KPTK KO 6GZV //#) 5EJNGUKGPU PGWGTG /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG $TGUNCW 8+++ 5 #NNG XKGT 6GKNG KP GKPGP $CPF KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP /KPKOCN DGUVQGP
(4+'&'05$74) ( 5')'4 * 5EJNGUKGPU /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT PGWGTGP <GKV $TGUNCW 8++ 5 6HP (QNKQ *CNDNGKPGP 6KPVGPHNGEM $KPFWPI NÌUV UKEJ NGKEJV //#)
734
.
.
.
(4+'&'4+%* - &KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGU *CWUGU 5VQNDGTI WPF FKG )GUEJKEJVG UGKPGU /ÒP\ YGUGPU &TGUFGP 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD 6HP 2TCEJVXQNNGT )CP\NGFGTGKPDCPF OKV HCTDKI IGRT·IVGO 5VQNDGTIGT 9CRRGP KP 5EJYCT\ 4QV )QNF OKV 5EJYCT\ )QNF 5EJYCT\UEJPKVV //#)
)#'&'%*'05 1 % *CODWTIKUEJG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $·PFG 0CEJFTWEM .GKR\KI FGT #WUICDG *CODWTI 8+++ 5 +8 5 5 LGYGKNU OKV XKGNGP #DD +P GKPJGKVNKEJ QTCPIGPGP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP //#)
)#'66'05 4 &KG /ÒP\GP FGT )TCHUEJCHV .ÒEJQY <WINGKEJ GKP $GKVTCI \WT /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG FGT /CTMITCHUEJCHV $TCPFGPDWTI FGU 'T\DKUVWOU /CIFGDWTI WPF FGT $TCWPUEJYGKI .ÒPGDWTIGT .CPFG *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG 8++ 5 6HP -NCRRMCTVGP *CNDNGKPGP
63
DEUTSCHLAND .
+PHNCVKQPGP &CU &TCOC FGT )GNFGPVYGTVWPIGP XQO #NVGTVWO DKU KP FKG )GIGPYCTV /ÒPEJGP 5 OKV 6GZVCDD WPF 6HP )CP\NGKPGP PGWYGTVKI
.
&CU )GNF WPF /ÒP\YGUGP FGT #DVGK (WNFC KO *QEJOKVVGNCNVGT WPVGT #WUYGTVWPI FGT /ÒP\GP CNU 3WGN NGP FGT )GUEJKEJVG WPF -WPUVIGUEJKEJVG FGT 9KTVUEJCHVUIGUEJKEJVG WPF FGU 5VCCVUTGEJVU (WNFC 5 6HP -NCRRMCTVGP .GKPGP //#)
)#'66'05 4 '46'. * 'KP $GKVTCI \WT /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG FGT )TCHGP XQP /CPUHGNF $GUEJTGKDWPI FGT 5COONWPI *CWRVOCPP $TCWUG *CNNG $NN 5 6HP OKV 'TIGDPKUNKUVG FGT #WMVKQP CNU (QVQMQRKG 5& CWU FGO #WMVKQPUMCVCNQI # 4KGEJOCPP *CNNG 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
/KV 9KFOWPI 'TIGDGPUV ÒDGTTGKEJV XQP FGP 8GTHCUUGTP
.
.
)'$'46 % ( &KG $TCPFGPDWTI (T·PMKUEJGP -KRRGTOÒP\UV·VVGP /KV = ? GKPGO #P JCPI &GT #WUICD 6JGKN FGU EWNODCEJGT 5EJNGIUEJCV\DWEJGU 0ÒTPDGTI 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT GKPKIG 5GKVGP WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP URQTCFKUEJG $NGKUVKHVPQVK\GP $TQUEJWT GVYCU XGTH·TDV WPF NGKEJV DGUEJ·FKIV //#)
)'$*#46 * &KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT 5VCFV &QPCWYÌTVJ /ÒP\UVWFKGP *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQUGU 'ZGORNCT //#)
742
.
&KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT 5VCFV &QPCWYÌTVJ *CNNG 5 6HP $KDNKQRJKN CNU 2CRRDCPF IGDWPFGPGU 'ZGORNCT OKV OKVIGDWPF 1TKIKPCNWOUEJNCI WPF QDGP UQYKG WPVGP NGFGTXGTUV·TMVGO 4ÒEMGP XQO $WEJDKPFGT UKIPKGTV
'Z NKDTKU KO 8QTUCV\
.
&GT /ÒP\HWPF *GTUDTWEM 5& CWU /$0) 5 OKV #PUVTGKEJWPIGP KO 6GZV 6HP $TQUEJKGTV GVYCU IGYGNNV
.
)+'5'0 - &KG /ÒP\GP FGT )TCHGP XQP *Q[C )GNF WPF /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG )GRT·IGMCVCNQI 1UPC DTÒEM 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP &KG /ÒP\GP XQP &KGRJQN\ )GNF WPF /ÒP\IG UEJKEJVG )GRT·IGMCVCNQI 1UPCDTÒEM 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
)¤6<' 4 .CPFCW 0QVOÒP\GP FKG Y·JTGPF FGT $GNCIGTWPI WPF IGUEJNCIGP YWTFGP 0ÒTPDGTI 5 #DD KO 6GZV -NGKPHQTOCV $TQUEJKGTV
.
)4#55'4 9 /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG XQP %QDWTI (TCPMHWTV C / 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
)4+// ' /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT 5VCFV 9KUOCT $GTNKP 5 *CNDNGKPGP //#)
.
)416' * *TUI /ÒP\UVWFKGP $·PFG 0CEJFTWEM )TC\ FGT #WUICDG .GKR\KI +P GKPJGKVNKEJGO ITÒPGP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP //#)
.
/ÒP\UVWFKGP $·PFG 0CEJFTWEM )TC\ FGT #WUICDG .GKR\KI +P GKPJGKVNKEJGO ITÒPGP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP //#) /KV 0QVK\GP
.
* $'4.' # 7NOGT /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU 7NOGT 5EJTKHVGP \WT -WPUVIGUEJKEJVG 7NO 5 6HP 7NOGT /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG FGU :8+ :+: ,CJTJWPFGTVU 7NOGT 5EJTKHVGP \WT -WPUVIGUEJKEJVG 7NO 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT PGWYGTVKIG 'ZGORNCTG
64
DEUTSCHLAND .
7NOGT /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU 7NOGT 5EJTKHVGP \WT -WPUVIGUEJKEJVG 7NO 5 6HP 7NOGT /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG FGU :8+ :+: ,CJTJWPFGTVU 7NOGT 5EJTKH VGP \WT -WPUVIGUEJKEJVG 7NO 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT VGKNYGKUG NQUG .CIGP
7NOGT /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU 7NOGT 5EJTKHVGP \WT -WPUVIGUEJKEJVG 7NO 5 6HP 7NOGT /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG FGU :8+ :+: ,CJTJWPFGTVU 7NOGT 5EJTKH VGP \WT -WPUVIGUEJKEJVG 7NO 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP OKV IQNF 4ÒEMGPVKVGN
* 8'40+%- 9 &GT -ÌNPGT 2HGPPKI KO WPF ,CJTJWPFGTV 2GTKQFG FGT VGTTKVQTKCNGP 2HGPPKI OÒP\G 8KGTVGNLCJTUEJTKHV HÒT 5Q\KCN WPF 9KTVUEJCHVUIGUEJKEJVG $GKJGHV 5VWVVICTV 8++ 5 FCXQP -CTVG (CNVMCTVG 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
&KG OKVVGNCNVGTNKEJGP /ÒP\HWPFG KP 6JÒTKPIGP 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP FGT 6JÒTKPIKUEJGP *KUVQTKUEJGP -QOOKUUKQP 6GZV WPF 6CHGNDCPF ,GPC 5 6CDGNNGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP (CNVOCRRG OKV 6HP //#)
.
*#*0 9 4 1 6[RGPMCVCNQI FGT /ÒP\GP FGT DC[GTKUEJGP *GT\ÌIG WPF -WTHÒTUVGP $TCWPUEJYGKI 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP GKPKIG 0QVK\GP KO 6GZV //#)
.
/QPGVC 4CFCURQPGPUKU $C[GTPU /ÒP\RT·IWPI KO WPF ,CJTJWPFGTV $TCWPUEJYGKI 5 OKV GKPKIGP 6GZVCDD 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
*#//'4+%* * &KG FGWVUEJGP 4GKEJUOÒP\GP 'KP *CPFDWEJ CNNGT XQP UVCVVIGJCDVGP #WURT·IWPIGP OKV GKPGO #PJCPI ÒDGT FKG CWH FGWVUEJGP /ÒP\UV·VVGP HÒT 4GEJPWPI HTGOFGT 5VCCVGP JGTIGUVGNNVGP /ÒP\UQTVGP UQYKG FGT GKPUEJN·IKIGP )GUGV\G 8GTQTFPWPIGP RR $GTNKP 5 .GKPGP 5 NQUG 0CEJVTCI + GPVJCNVGPF FKG 2T·IWPIGP WPF )GUGV\G GVE FGT ,CJTG WPF UQYKG 'TI·P\WPIGP $GTKEJVKIWPIGP $GUEJTGKDWPI FGT 2TQDGOÒP\GP GVE $GTNKP 5 .QUG
*#456'4 9 8GTUWEJ GKPGT 5RGKGTGT /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG /KVVJGKNWPIGP FGU *KUVQTKUEJGP 8GTGKPU FGT 2HCN\ 5RG[GT +8 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
.
.
.
.
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN XQP &T ( : 9GK\KPIGT %Q CWH FGO 6KVGNDNCVV
.
*#6< ) &KG #PH·PIG FGU /ÒP\YGUGPU KP *QNUVGKP &KG 2T·IWPIGP FGT )TCHGP XQP 5EJCWGPDWTI DKU 05V *CODWTI :8+++ 5 -CTVGP 6HP -CTVGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT $KPFWPI WPF 6CHGNVGKN NQUG //#)
.
*#726 9 5·EJUKUEJG /ÒP\MWPFG #TDGKVU WPF (QTUEJWPIUDGTKEJVG \WT U·EJUKUEJGP $QFGPFGPMOCN RHNGIG $GKJGHV $·PFG $GTNKP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
*'..'4 , &KG DCODGTIKUEJGP /ÒP\GP EJTQPQNQIKUEJ IGQTFPGV WPF DGUEJTKGDGP $CODGTI :8+++ 5 )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF
0WOGTKGTVGU 'ZGORNCT FGT WPXGT·PFGTVGP #WHNCIG KP 'ZGORNCTGP
.
*'./4'+%* 6 &CU )GNFYGUGP KP FGP FGWVUEJGP 5EJWV\IGDKGVGP (ÒTVJ 6GKNG KP GKPGP $CPF IGDWPFGP 5 OKV 6GZVCDD 5 OKV 6GZVCDD 5 )CP\NGKPGP
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN XQP &T ( : 9GK\KPIGT %Q CWH FGP 6KVGNDN·VVGTP
.
*'./5%*4166 - W 4 9ÒT\DWTIGT /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP XQP -NGKPTKPFGTHGNF 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DDKNFWPIGP WPF DGKIGHÒIVGT $GYGTVWPIUNKUVG )CP\NGKPGP # 4 9#)0'4 &KG /ÒP\GP FGT 9ÒT\DWTIGT $KUEJÌHG CD 9ÒT\DWTI 5 )CP\NGKPGP
.
9ÒT\DWTIGT /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP XQP -NGKPTKPFGTHGNF 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #D DKNFWPIGP WPF DGKIGHÒIVGT $GYGTVWPIUNKUVG )CP\NGKPGP #
.
*';0' 1 &GT -WTHÒTUVGPVCI \W 4GIGPUDWTI XQP $GTNKP +: 5 *CNDNGKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP 6GKNYGKUG UVQEMHNGEMKI
.
*+.&+5%* , &KG /ÒP\GP FGT RQOOGTUEJGP *GT\ÌIG XQP DKU \WO 'TNÌUEJGP FGU )TGKHGPIG UEJNGEJVGU 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP FGT *KUVQTKUEJGP -QOOKUUKQP HÒT 2QOOGTP -ÌNP 9KGP :+++ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD (CNVVH )CP\NGKPGP //#)
+.+5%* 2 5%*9'&' # &CU /ÒP\YGUGP KO 5VKHV %QTXG[ 5VWFKGP WPF 3WGNNGP \WT YGUVH·NKUEJGP )GUEJKEJVG $CPF 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP FGT *KUVQTKUEJGP -QOOKUUKQP HÒT 9GUVHCNGP :+ #TDGKVGP \WT )GNF WPF /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG 9GUVHCNGPU $CPF 2CFGTDQTP :8+ 5 OKV \CJNTGK EJGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF #
+00 70& -0;2*#75'0 - )TCH /ÒP\ WPF /GFCKNNGP -CDKPGV FGU )TCHGP -CTN \W +PP WPF -P[RJCWUGP *CPPQXGT : 5 6HP 'TUVGT 0CEJVTCI \WO /ÒP\ WPF /GFCKNNGP -CDKPGV FGU )TCHGP \W +PP WPF -P[RJCWUGP *CPPQXGT 8++ 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT GVYCU DGUVQGP WPF DGTKGDGP GTUVG 5GKVG FGU *CWRVDCPFGU PGW GKPIGMNGDV GKPKIG $NGKUVKHVPQVK\GP $GUKV\GTUVGORGN //#)
.
.
65
DEUTSCHLAND .
,#')'4 - &KG /ÒP\RT·IWPIGP FGT FGWVUEJGP 5VCCVGP XQT 'KPHÒJTWPI FGT 4GKEJUY·JTWPI $·PFG $CUGN -CTVQPKGTV ITÌVGPVGKNU OKV DGKIGNGIVGT $GYGTVWPIUVCDGNNG YGPKIG $NGKUVKHVPQVK\GP &C\W ·NVGTG #WHNCIGP FGT /ÒP\RT·IWPI FGT FGWVUEJGP 5VCCVGP UQYKG XGTUEJ #WHNCIGP FGT &KG FGWVUEJGP /ÒP\GP UGKV
.
,'55' 9 &GT 9GPFKUEJG /ÒP\XGTGKP .ÒDGEM 8+ 5 6HP $TQUEJKGTV GKPKIG 6HP NQUG
.
&GT 9GPFKUEJG /ÒP\XGTGKP 0CEJFTWEM OKV 0CEJVT·IGP WPF 8GTDGUUGTWPIGP $TCWPUEJYGKI FGT #WUICDG .ÒDGEM 8+++ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #
.
/ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG 0KGFGTUCEJUGPU 9GTMUVÒEMG CWU /WUGWO #TEJKX WPF $KDNKQVJGM FGT 5VCFV $TCWPUEJYGKI $TCWPUEJYGKI (TQPVKURK\ 5 6HP DGKNKGIGPF (CNVMCTVG *CNDNGKPGP //#)
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT 5VCFV $TCWPUEJYGKI XQP DKU $TCWPUEJYGKI 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG 0KGFGTUCEJUGPU $TCWPUEJYGKI 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP
,15'2* 2 )QNFOÒP\GP FGU :+8 WPF :8 ,CJTJWPFGTVU &KUKDQFGPDGTIGT (WPF PGDUV WTMWPFNKEJGP $GKVT·IGP \WT /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG FGT 4JGKPNCPFG DGUQPFGTU (TCPMHWTVU 5& CWU #TEJKX FGU 8GTGKPU HÒT )GUEJKEJVG WPF #NVGTVWOUMWPFG KP (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP 0GWG (QNIG (TCPMHWTV C / 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
.
.
$GK FGO XQTNKGIGPFGO 'ZGORNCT JCPFGNV GU UKEJ WO FCU XQP IGFTWEMVGP 'ZGORNCTGP
.
&KG /ÒP\GP FGU IT·HNKEJGP WPF HÒTUVNKEJGP *CWUGU .GKPKPIGP 0CEJFTWEM $KGNGHGNF FGT #WHNCIG 9KGP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
&KG *CNDDTCMVGCVGPHWPFG XQP 9QTOU WPF #DGPJGKO (TCPMHWTV C / 5 OKV #DD 6HP )CP\NGKPGP OKV OQPVKGTVGO 6KVGNDNCVV FGT $TQUEJWT PGWYGTVKI
.
&KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGU HÒTUVNKEJGP WPF IT·HNKEJGP *CWUGU 5QNOU 0CEJFTWEM $KGNGHGNF FGT #WUICDG (TCPMHWTV C / 5 WPF WPRCIKPKGTVG 5GKVGP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #
.
&KG /GFCKNNGP WPF /ÒP\GP FGT 9KNF WPF 4JGKPITCHGP (ÒTUVGP \W 5CNO 0CEJFTWEM $KGNGHGNF FGT #WHNCIG (TCPMHWTV C / 5 OKV 6GZVCDD 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #
.
,70)- * &KG DTGOKUEJGP /ÒP\GP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGU 'T\DKUVWOU WPF FGT 5VCFV $TGOGP $TGOGP : 5 6HP $TCWPGU *CNDNGFGT OKV IQNF 4ÒEMGPVKVGN
.
-#.8'.#)' * 5%*41%- 7 ' ) /ÒP\GP FGT 5VCFV *COGNP *COGNP 5 )CP\NGKPGP ,CJTG 5RCTMCUUG FGT 5VCFV *COGNP *COGNP 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\ NGKPGP
.
-#.8'.#)' * 64+22.'4 * &KG /ÒP\GP FGT )TCHGP *GT\ÌIG WPF )TQJGT\ÌIG XQP 1NFGP DWTI 1UPCDTÒEM 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP
.
-#6517415 ( /ÒP\GP FGU *GT\QIU (TKGFTKEJ XQP %GNNG WPF UGKPGU 0CEJHQNIGTU *GT\QI %JTKUVKCP .WFYKI $QOCPP /WUGWO %GNNG /ÒP\GPUCOONWPI $CPF + %GNNG 5 OKV #DD )CP\NGKPGP
.
-'..0'4 ' WPF * , &KG /ÒP\GP FGT 4GKEJUUVCFV 0ÒTPDGTI 5ÒFFGWVUEJG /ÒP\MCVCNQIG #WHNCIG 5VWVVICTV 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV #
.
-'..0'4 * , &KG /ÒP\GP FGT PKGFGTDC[GTKUEJGP /ÒP\UV·VVGP $C[GTKUEJG /ÒP\MCVCNQIG $CPF )TÒPYCNF 5 OKV #DD )CP\NGKPGP
9KFOWPI FGU *I * )GKIGT KO 8QTUCV\
.
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT PKGFGTDC[GTKUEJGP /ÒP\UV·VVGP $C[GTKUEJG /ÒP\MCVCNQIG $CPF )TÒPYCNF 5 OKV #DD -WPUVNGFGT
$GKIGNGIV 0CEJVT·IG WPF $GYGTVWPIUNKUVG
.
-'00'21*. - &KG /ÒP\GP XQP 1UPCDTÒEM /ÒPEJGP :8 5 6HP $TCWPGU )CP\ NGKPGP OKV IQNF 4ÒEMGPVKVGN
.
&KG /ÒP\GP XQP 1UPCDTÒEM &KG 2T·IWPIGP FGU $KUVWOU WPF FGU &QOMCRKVGNU 1UPCDTÒEM FGT 5VCFV 1UPCDTÒEM UQYKG FGU -QNNGIKCVUVKHVU WPF FGT 5VCFV 9KGFGPDTÒEM 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP FGU /WUGWOU FGT 5VCFV 1UPCDTÒEM 0CEJFTWEM /ÒPUVGT FGT #WUICDG /ÒPEJGP :8 5 6HP )CP\ NGKPGP
66
DEUTSCHLAND
788
797
.
-+4%**'+/'4 ( &KG $GTIDCW )GRT·IG CWU $CFGP 9ÒTVVGODGTI (TGKDWTI KO $TGKUICW (TQPVKURK\ 5 OKV #DD WPF -CTVGP )CP\NGKPGP #
.
-.'$'.5$'4) ( )TCH XQP %CVCNQI FGT CWUGTNGUGPGP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 5COONWPI FGTGP 8GTUVGKIGTWPI FWTEJ *GTTP )GQTI -TCWU UVCVVHKPFGP YKTF 9KGP 8+ 5 6HP #PIGDWPFGP , , 4 9*#+6'5 %CVCNQI FGT TGKEJJCNVKIGP 5COONWPI XQP /ÒP\GP /GFCKNNGP WPF 0QVJOÒP\GP UQYKG FGT PWOKUOCVKUEJGP $KDNKQVJGM PGDUV FGT 5COONWPI CPVKMGT /ÒP\GP FGU *GTTP 6JGQFQT 4QJFG FGTGP 8GTUVGKIGTWPI FWTEJ *GTTP ,QUGRJ $CGT WPVGT #UUKUVGP\ FGU 'ZRGTVGP .GQRQNF *CODWTIGT UVCVVHKPFGP YKTF (TCPMHWTV :8 5 1TKI *CNDNGFGTGKPDCPF FGT <GKV
-.'+0 7 4#(( # &KG 9ÒTVVGODGTIKUEJGP /GFCKNNGP 5ÒFFGWVUEJG /ÒP\MCVCNQIG $CPF WPF 5VWVVICTV 5 OKV #DD 5 OKV #DD 5 OKV #DD 5 (CTDVHP :8+ 5 (CTDVHP LGYGKNU OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV
&KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP XQP 'UUNKPIGP 5ÒFFGWVUEJG /ÒP\MCVCNQIG 5VWVVICTV 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD WPF 6HP //#)
.
.
#WH 6HP UKPF KP FKGUGO $CPF GTUVOCNU U·OVNKEJG DGMCPPVGP YKMKPIGT\GKVNKEJGP /ÒP\GP GKPGT 2T·IGUV·VVG FGU 4GKEJUIGDKGVGU CDIGDKNFGV WPF FGTGP 5VGORGNXGTDKPFWPIGP PQVKGTV YQTFGP
.
-.'0#7 6 &GWVUEJGU /ÒP\RTGKULCJTDWEJ /ÒPEJGP -CTVQPKGTV
.
-.ª55'0&14( 0 5VWFKGP \W 9·JTWPI WPF 9KTVUEJCHV CO 0KGFGTTJGKP XQO #WUICPI FGT 2GTKQFG FGU TGIKQPCNGP 2HGPPKIU DKU \WO /ÒP\XGTVTCI XQP $QPP 5 (CNVMCTVG *CNDNGKPGP
.
-0+))' 9 /ÒP\ W /GFCKNNGP -CDKPGV FGU (TGKJGTTP 9KNJ -PKIIG *CPPQXGT 8 5 )CP\NGKPGP 'KPDCPF GVYCU DGTKGDGP #PUVTGKEJWPIGP KO 6GZV //#)
.
-1<+0195-+ 1 1661 , 4755 * &KG /ÒP\GP FGU (ÒTUVGP WPF *GT\QIVWOU %QDWTI XQP DKU &KG 2T·IWPIGP FGT KP %QDWTI TGIKGTGPFGP U·EJUKUEJGP *GT\ÌIG $·PFG /ÒPEJGP : 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF
.
-7.. , 8 &KG /ÒP\GP FGU IT·HNKEJGP WPF HÒTUVNKEJGP *CWUGU (WIIGT 5& CWU /$0) /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT OKV $ÒPFGP UGJT UGNVGPGU 'ZGORNCT //#)
.
-7//'4 # &KG FGWVUEJGP 4GKEJUOÒP\GP XQO ,CJTG DKU OKV WPF DG\ÒINKEJG )GUGV\G W U Y &TGUFGP +8 5 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP IGRT·IVG &GEMGNXGT\KGTWPI #
.
-70<'. / &KG /ÒP\GP FGT *CPUGUVCFV 9KUOCT DKU /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG WPF )GRT·IGMCVC NQI 9KUOCTGT 5VWFKGP \WT #TEJ·QNQIKG WPF )GUEJKEJVG $GTNKPGT PWOKUOCVKUEJG (QTUEJWPIGP 0GWG (QNIG 9KUOCT $GTNKP 5 OKV #DD 6HP -CTVQPKGTV VCFGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT *CPUGUVCFV 4QUVQEM EC DKU /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG WPF )GRT·IGMCVCNQI $GTNKPGT PWOKUOCVKUEJG (QTUEJWPIGP 0GWG (QNIG $GTNKP 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD 6HP -CTVQPKGTV VCFGNNQU GTJCNVGP
.#0< 1 /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG XQP +UP[ 5& CWU 9ÒTVVGODGTIKUEJG 8KGTVGNLCJTUJGHVG HÒT .CP FGUIGUEJKEJVG 0GWG (QNIG 5VWVVICTV 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT PGWYGTVKI //#)
.
.
67
DEUTSCHLAND .
.'$'- 9 &KG /ÒP\GP FGT 5VCFV .KPFCW 5& CWU &GWVUEJGU ,CJTDWEJ HÒT 0WOKUOCVKM ,CJTICPI WPF 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF //#)
.
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT 5VCFV .KPFCW 5& CWU &GWVUEJGU ,CJTDWEJ HÒT 0WOKUOCVKM ,CJTICPI WPF 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF //#)
.
.'+6</#00 , 9GIYGKUGT CWH FGO )GDKGV FGT /ÒP\MWPFG FGU -ÌPKITGKEJU 2TGWGP QFGT IGUEJKEJV NKEJG 0CEJTKEJVGP ÒDGT FCU /ÒP\YGUGP 2TGWGPU 9GIYGKUGT CWH FGO )GDKGVG FGT FGWVUEJGP /ÒP\ MWPFG QFGT IGUEJKEJVNKEJG 0CEJTKEJVGP ÒDGT FCU /ÒP\YGUGP &GWVUEJNCPFU 9GKGPUGG 5 *CNDNGFGT #
/KV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGP $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM
.
.'5%**140 9 $TCWPUEJYGKIKUEJG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $TCWPUEJYGKI 5 OKV \CJN TGKEJGP HCTDKIGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP
.
.¤(('.*1.< 810 -1.$'4) 9 (TGKJGTT 1GVVKPICPC 0GWGT $GKVTCI \WT ÌVVKPIKUEJGP )G UEJKEJVG KPUDGUQPFGTG \WT )GUEJKEJVG FGU ÌVVKPIKUEJGP /ÒP\YGUGPU #NU /CPWUETKRV IGFTWEMV 1 1 Q , =0ÌTFNKPIGP ? 5 5VCOODCWO 4GIKUVGT 0CEJVT·IG /ÒP\VH 9CRRGPVHP *CNDNGFGT OKV IGRT·IVGO 4ÒEMVGPVKVGN
.
.ª%-)'4 * , &KG /ÒP\GP XQP -ÌNP 0CEJVT·IG WPF $GTKEJVKIWPIGP \W $CPF FGU -ÌNPGT /ÒP\ YGTMU /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP .GKPGP
.
/#00 , #PJCNVKUEJG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP XQO 'PFG FGU :8 ,CJTJWPFGTVU DKU *CPPQXGT 5 *CNDNGFGT 6J 'N\G ªDGTUKEJV FGT /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGU *CWUGU #PJCNV KP FGT PGWG TGP <GKV 9KGP +8 5 )CP\NGKPGP
/#46+0 % -#*. * & %#*0 ' $ &GT 5EJCV\HWPF XQP %QTEGNNGU RT½U 2C[GTPG 8GTITCDGP WO Y·JTGPF FGT #WUGKPCPFGTUGV\WPIGP WO FKG DWTIWPFKUEJG 0CEJHQNIG .G VT¾UQT FG %QTEGNNGU RT½U 2C[GTPG 'PHQK XGTU ¾RQSWG FGU EQPHNKVU RQWT NC UWEEGUUKQP FG $QWTIQIPG 504 $GTP 5 OKV 6GZVCDD 6HP (CNVMCTVG 1TKI $TQUEJWT VCFGNNQUGU 'ZGORNCT //#)
.
/'*. / &KG /ÒP\GP FGT )TCHGP XQP $CTD[ WPF /ÒJNKPIGP *CODWTI 5 OKV GKPKIGP ITÌVGPVGKNU HCTDKIGP #DD 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
.
&KG /ÒP\GP FGU $KUVWOU *KNFGUJGKO 6GKN &GT 2T·IG\GKVTCWO DKU 3WGNNGP WPF &QMW OGPVCVKQPGP \WT 5VCFVIGUEJKEJVG *KNFGUJGKOU $·PFG *CODWTI : 5 8+++ 5 -CTVQPKGTV
.
&KG /ÒP\GP FGU 5VKHVGU 3WGFNKPDWTI *CODWTI 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV
.
/ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG FGU 'T\DKUVWOU /CIFGDWTI KO /KVVGNCNVGT $CPF 6GZVVGKN WPF /ÒP\VCHGNP $CPF -CVCNQI *CODWTI 5 OKV #DD 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
.
/'+'4 1 #WU FGT LWPIGP 4GUKFGP\ +P *CPPQXGTUEJG )GUEJKEJVUDN·VVGT *GHV *CPPQXGT 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD $TQUEJKGTV 0QVK\ CWH FGO &GEMGN
.
&GT $TCMVGCVGPHWPF XQP $QMGN DGK $GXGTP -TGKU $TGOGTXÌTFG 'KP $GKVTCI \WT 'THQTUEJWPI FGT OKVVGN CNVGTNKEJGP DGUQPFGTU FGT PKGFGTU·EJUKUEJGP /ÒP\FGPMOCNG CWU FGT <GKV XQP GVYC DKU KP *CPPQXGTUEJG )GUEJKEJVUDN·VVGT 0GWG (QNIG *CPPQXGT 8+ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT
/'+0*#4&6 ) &KG /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG FGU *GT\QIVWOU 2TGWGP 5VWFKGP \WT )GUEJKEJVG 2TGWGPU $CPF *GKFGNDGTI 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT 4ÒEMGP NGKEJV CWUIGDNKEJGP //#)
/'0<'. 2 &GWVUEJG 0QVOÒP\GP WPF UQPUVKIG )GNFGTUCV\OCTMGP 6KVGN XQP $CPF &GWVUEJURTCEJKIG 0QVOÒP\GP WPF )GNFGTUCV\OCTMGP KO #WUNCPF 6KVGN XQP $CPF 0QVOÒP \GP WPF )GNFGTUCV\OCTMGP XQP $C[GTP $·PFG )ÒVGTUNQJ 5 5 5 5 $·PFG OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV &C\W CMVWCNKUKGTVG DKU #WHNCIG )ÒVGTUNQJ FGT $·PFG WPF
/'4.' XQP $GUEJTGKDWPI FGT -ÌNNPKUEJGP /ÒP\UCONWPI FGU &QOJGTTP WPF -WTHÒTUVNKEJ 9GNVNKEJGP *QHIGTKEJVURTCGUKFGPVGP XQP /GTNG -ÌNP ::8+ 5 5 &TWEMHGJNGT /GUUVH *CNDNG FGT 'KPDCPF GVYCU DGUVQUUGP WPF CDIGPWV\V
.
.
.
.
$GUKV\GTXGTOGTM &T 9GKPDGTI
.
.
/'46'05 ' /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG FGT 5VCFV 0QTVJGKO /ÒP\UVWFKGP *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG #PUKEJV FGT 5VCFV 0QTVJGKO PCEJ <GKNNGT /GTKCPU 6QRQITCRJKG 5 OKV #DD 6HP $GKNCIGP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
&GT $TCMVGCVGPHWPF XQP 0QTFJCWUGP /ÒP\UVWFKGP *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG 5 (CNVMCTVG 6HP *CNDNGFGT
'Z NKDTKU 1 -Q\KPQYUMK
68
DEUTSCHLAND .
/'4<&14( , ( . 6 1NFGPDWTIU /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP CWH )TWPF FGT /ÒP\UCOONWPI 5T MÌPKIN *QJGKV FGU )TQJGT\QIU XQP 1NFGPDWTI JKUVQTKUEJ MTKVKUEJ DGUEJTKGDGP 1NFGPDWTI 8+ 5 //#) &KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP ,GXGTNCPFyU CWH )TWPF XGTUEJKGFGPGT /ÒP\UCOONWPIGP PCOGPVNKEJ FGT 5T MÌPKIN *QJGKV FGU )TQJGT\QIU XQP 1NFGPDWTI JKUVQTKUEJ MTKVKUEJ DGUEJTKGDGP 1N FGPDWTI 8+++ 5 +P GKPGP $CPF IGDWPFGP *CNDNGFGT OGJTGTG $NGKUVKHVCPUVTGKEJWPIGP
.
/ª..'4 1 ( &KG /ÒP\GP FGT (COKNKG $CEJQXGP XQP 'EJV 5& CWU FGO ::+ $CPF FGT 0WOKUOCVK UEJGP <GKVUEJTKHV 9KGP 5 .KEJVFTWEMVCHGNP 1TKI $TQUEJWT NQUG
.
/ª..'4 ,#*0%-' 9 & 81.< ( ' &KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT IT·HNKEJGP *·WUGT 5C[P = ? PGDUV GKPGO #PJCPI &KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGU IT·HNKEJGP *CWUGU *CV\HGNF (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
&KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT IT·HNKEJGP *·WUGT 5C[P 0GDUV GKPGO #PJCPI &KG /ÒP\GP WPF /G FCKNNGP FGU IT·HNKEJGP *CWUGU *CV\HGNFV (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
/ª.8'456'&6 ) # XQP &KG 0QTFJ·WUGT /ÒP\GP CWU FGO PGWGTGP <GKVCNVGT +P (GUVUEJTKHV \WT FTKVVGP QTFGPVNKEJGP *CWRVXGTUCOONWPI FGU *CT\ 8GTGKPU HÒT )GUEJKEJVG WPF #NVGT VWOUMWPFG \W 0QTFJCWUGP CO WPF ,WPK 9GTPKIGTQFG 5 *CNDNGKPGP #WGTFGO KP FGT (GUVUEJTKHV GPVJCNVGP <WUCOOGPUVGNNWPI FGT $TCMVGCVGP FGT PQTOCNKIGP HTGKGP 4GKEJUUVCFV 0QTF
JCWUGP
.
/ª5'.'4 - $GTIDCWIGRT·IG &CTIGUVGNNV CWH )TWPF FGT 5COONWPI FGT 2TGWUUCI #MVKGPIGUGNNUEJCHV $·PFG *CPPQXGT <CJNTGKEJG WPGKPJGKVNKEJ PWOOGTKGTVG 5GKVGP OKV XKGNGP #DD 1TKI )CP\NGK PGP KO 2CRRUEJWDGT OKV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN //#)
.
0#7 ' &KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT QDGTUEJY·DKUEJGP 5V·FVG (TGKDWTI KO $TGKUICW 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP VCFGNNQUGU 'ZGORNCT //#)
.
0'7 * &KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGU *GT\QIVWOU WPF FGU JGT\QINKEJGP *CWUGU #TGPDGTI $QPP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #
.
0155 # &KG /ÒP\GP FGT 'T\DKUEJÌHG XQP %ÌNP &KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP XQP %ÌNP -ÌNP :8+++ 5 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP OKV IGRT·IVGO 'KPDCPF //#)
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN XQP &T ( : 9GK\KPIGT %Q
.
&KG /ÒP\GP XQP 6TKGT 6GKN $GUEJTGKDWPI FGT /ÒP\GP 2WDNKMCVKQPGP FGT )GUGNNUEJCHV HÒT 4JGKPKUEJG )GUEJKEJVUMWPFG $QPP ::: 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP
$GUKV\GTUVGORGN XQP &T ( : 9GK\KPIGT %Q WPF JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGT $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM XQP $GEMGPDCWGT KO 8QTUCV\
.
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT 'T\DKUEJÌHG XQP -ÌNP &KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP XQP -ÌNP -ÌNP :8 5 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP OKV IGRT·IVGO 'KPDCPF 'KPDCPF GVYCU IGDQIGP
.
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT 5V·FVG -ÌNP WPF 0GWUU &KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP XQP -ÌNP -ÌNP :+++ 5 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP OKV IGRT·IVGO 'KPDCPF #
.
&KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP XQP -ÌNP $·PFG 0CEJFTWEM *KNFGUJGKO 0GY ;QTM FGT #WUICDGP -ÌNP $CPF 9 * 8'40+%- &KG /ÒP\GP XQP -ÌNP 8QO $GIKPP FGT 2T·IWPI DKU :+: 5 6HP -CTVGP $CPF &KG /ÒP\GP FGT 'T\DKUEJÌHG XQP -ÌNP 8+++ 5 6HP $CPF &KG /ÒP\GP FGT 'T\DKUEJÌHG XQP -ÌNP :8 5 6HP $CPF &KG /ÒP\GP FGT 5V·FVG -ÌNP WPF 0GWUU :+++ 5 5 6HP LGYGKNU OKV XKGNGP $GKNCIGP 'KPJGKVNKEJ KP $·PFGP KP DNCWGO )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP #
.
&KG /ÒP\GP XQP ,ÒNKEJ /ÌTU WPF #NRGP /ÒPEJGP :+8 5 6HP -CTVG *CNDNGKPGP //#)
.
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT )TCHGP WPF *GT\ÌIG XQP -NGXG /ÒPEJGP :8 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP VCFGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI //#)
.
1$'4/#;4 , ' *KUVQTKUEJG 0CEJTKEJV XQP $C[GTKUEJGP /ÒP\GP QFGT OWVJOCNKEJG 'TMN·TWPI FGTGT \W 4GKEJGPJCNN CWUIGITCDGPGP WPF KP FGO :+ WPF :++ ,CJTJWPFGTV IGUEJNCIGPGP /ÒP\GP (TCPM HWTV WPF .GKR\KI :.8+++ 5 -WRHGTUVKEJVHP 'VYCU UVQEMHNGEMKI 2CRRDCPF DGUVQGP +PJCNV WPF 6CHGNP KP VCFGNNQUGT 'TJCNVWPI
1%* ( /ÒP\GP DC[GTKUEJGT -NÌUVGT -KTEJGP 9CNNHCJTVUQTVG WPF CPFGTGT IGKUVNKEJGT +PUVKVWVG 5& CWU 1DGTDC[GT #TEJKX /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF #
.
18'4$'%- $ $KDNKQITCRJKG FGT DC[GTKUEJGP /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG 9KGUDCFGP :8+++ 5 )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
2'75 $ &CU )GNF WPF /ÒP\YGUGP FGT 5VCFV /ÒPUVGT K 9 5& CWU 3WGNNGP WPF (QTUEJWPIGP \WT )GUEJKEJVG FGT 5VCFV /ÒPUVGT 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP FGT *KUVQTKUEJGP -QOOKUUKQP FGU 2TQXKP\KCNKPUVKVWVU HÒT 9GUVH·NKUEJG .CPFGU WPF 8QNMUMWPFG /ÒPUVGT KP 9GUVHCNGP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP YGPKIG #PUVTGKEJWPIGP KO 6GZV
.
/KV 9KFOWPI FGU 8GTHCUUGTU XQO CP . (QTTGT
69
DEUTSCHLAND .
.
215'40 -.'66 % ( XQP /ÒP\UV·VVGP WPF /ÒP\GP FGT 5V·FVG WPF IGKUVNKEJGP 5VKHVGT 5CEJUGPU KO /KVVGNCNVGT 5CEJUGPU /ÒP\GP KO /KVVGNCNVGT .GKR\KI : 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT 4ÒEMGP NGKEJV DGUEJ·FKIV CPUQPUVGP UGJT IWV GTJCNVGP //#)
4'+//#00 ( /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGPECDKPGV FGU ,WUVK\TCVJU 4GKOOCPP KP *CPPQXGT 'TUVG #DVGK NWPI *CPPQXGT 5 6HP *CNDNGFGTGKPDCPF GVYCU DGUVQGP WPF OKV )GDTCWEJUURWTGP
&KG 6CHGNP \GKIGP #DTKGDG XQP /ÒP\GP KP )QNF WPF 5KNDGT
.
#WMVKQPGP WPF # *GUU 5COONWPI FGU ,WUVK\TCVJU 4GKOCPP *CPPQXGT /ÒP\GP WPF /G FCKNNGP %CDKPGV TGXKFKGTVG #WHNCIG $·PFG (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP 5 OKV 0TP 6HP 5 OKV 0T 6HP 5 OKV 0T 6HP )GDWPFGP KP *CNDNGFGT FGT <GKV '. GKPIGDWPFGP
.
4+66/#00 * &GWVUEJG )GNFIGUEJKEJVG /ÒPEJGP 5 -CTVQPKGTV //#)
.
47&1.2* ' <WUCOOGPUVGNNWPI FGT 6CNGT KO :+8 UQYKG KO ::: 6CNGTHWUUG KP FGT <GKV XQP UQYKG FGT PCEJ FKGUGT <GKV GTUEJKGPGPGP )GFGPMVCNGT &TGUFGP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP &KG )QNFOÒP\GP &GWVUEJNCPFU UGKV FGT #WHNÌUWPI FGU JGKNKIGP TÌOKUEJGP 4GKEJGU DKU \WT 9KGFGT CWHTKEJVWPI FGU FGWVUEJGP 4GKEJGU 5& CWU ,CJTDWEJ FGU PWOKUO 8GTGKPU \W &TGUFGP 5 6HP GKPKIG #PUVTGKEJWPIGP *CNDNGKPGP &KG 5KNDGT W -WRHGTOÒP\GP FGWVUEJGT 5VCCVGP CWU FGT <GKV + 0CEJVTCI &TGUFGP :++ 5 5 *CNDNGKPGP
.
5#./1 * &GWVUEJG /ÒP\GP KP XQTIGUEJKEJVNKEJGP (WPFGP (KPPNCPFU 5WQOGP /WKPCKUOWKUVQ[JFK UV[MUGP #KMCMCWUMKTLC *GNUKPMK :+ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
5#74/# ,'.65%* * XQP *I 5EJNGUKUEJG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $TGUNCW 5 6HP 8QTUCV\ OKV 5VQEMHNGEMGP +PJCNV VCFGNNQU *CNDNGFGT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
5%*##( 4 &KG 2TQDGP FGT FGWVUEJGP /ÒP\GP UGKV 8GTUWEJ GKPGT -CVCNQIKUKGTWPI $CUGN 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP
$GUKV\GTUKIPCVWT $GPFKI
.
.
.
5%*.')'. # &KG MWTOCKP\KUEJG /ÒP\UV·VVG *ÌEJUV DKU 'KP $GKVTCI \WT *GKOCV MWPFG (TCPMHWTV C / 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI //#)
&KG MWTOCKP\KUEJG /ÒP\UV·VVG *ÌEJUV DKU 'KP $GKVTCI \WT *GKOCVMWPFG (TCPMHWTV C / 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP 5VGORGN CWH -QRHUEJPKVV UQPUV VCFGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI //#)
5%*/+&6 $ -0#$ % '4$56'+0 , 4GWUUKUEJG /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG &TGUFGP +8 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT //#)
850
.
70
5%*/+&6 / &KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT *GT\ÌIG XQP 5CEJUGP .CWGPDWTI PGDUV GKPNGKVGPFGP /KVVGKNWPIGP ÒDGT FCU /ÒP\YGUGP WPF FCU 9CRRGP FGU *GT\QIVWOU 4CV\GDWTI (CTDKIGU (TQP VKURK\ +8 5 6HP 5VCOOVH *CNDNGFGT 4ÒEMGP DGUEJ·FKIV GTUVGP 5GKVGP NQUG WPF NGKEJV UVQEM HNGEMKI //#)
DEUTSCHLAND .
5%*0'' ) 5·EJUKUEJG 6CNGT WPF #DUEJN·IG XQP 6CNGTUVGORGNP KP )QNF WPF 5KNDGT
&WMCVGP /GJTHCEJ 6CNGT *CNDVCNGT (TCPMHWTV C / 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP
.
5%*0'+&'4 - &CU /ÒP\YGUGP KP FGP )TCHUEJCHVGP 9KGF 0GWYKGF WPF 9KGF 4WPMGN (TCPMHWTV C / 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD 6HP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF #
.
5%*¤0'/#00 % 2 % <WT XCVGTN·PFKUEJGP /ÒP\MWPFG XQO \YÌNHVGP DKU HÒPH\GJPVGP ,CJTJWPFGTV QFGT )TWPF\ÒIG FGT $TCEVGCVGPMWPFG WPF $GUEJTGKDWPI XQP DGKPCJG HÒPHJWPFGTV CNVGP $TCWPUEJYGKIK UEJGP *GNOUVGFV UEJGP *CNDGTUV·FVKUEJGP 4GKPUVGKPKUEJGP )QUNCTKUEJGP #PJCNVKUEJGP WPF CPFGTGP *QJNRHGPPKIGP YKG CWEJ 9GUVH·NKUEJGP WPF *GUUKUEJGP \YGKUGKVKIGP 2HGPPKIGP 9QNHGPDÒVVGN 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP 'KPDCPF GVYCU N·FKGTV //#)
5%*4¤66'4 ( (TGKJGTT XQP &CU RTGWKUEJG /ÒP\YGUGP KO ,CJTJWPFGTV $GUEJTGKDGPFGT 6GKN *GHV &KG /ÒP\GP CWU FGT <GKV FGT -ÌPKIG (TKGFTKEJ + WPF (TKGFTKEJ 9KNJGNO + $GTNKP 8+++ 5 6HP *GHV &KG /ÒP\GP CWU FGT <GKV FGU -ÌPKIU (TKGFTKEJ ++ FGU )TQGP $GTNKP : 5 6HP *GHV &KG /ÒP\GP CWU FGT <GKV FGT -ÌPKIG (TKGFTKEJ 9KNJGNO ++ WPF (TKGFTKEJ 9KN JGNO +++ DKU \WO ,CJTG $GTNKP 5 6HP $CPF WPF 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP $CPF *CNDNGKPGP $CPF GVYCU UVQEMHNGEMKI #
&KG /ÒP\UV·VVG \W 5VGVVKP WPVGT FGP -ÌPKIGP -CTN :+ WPF -CTN :++ XQP 5EJYGFGP 5& CWU FGT <GKVUEJTKHV HÒT 0WOKUOCVKM $CPF $GTNKP 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP
.
.
856
.
&KG /ÒP\GP (TKGFTKEJ 9KNJGNOU FGU )TQGP -WTHÒTUVGP WPF (TKGFTKEJU +++ XQP $TCPFGPDWTI CWH )TWPFNCIG FGT 5COONWPI FGU MIN /ÒP\MCDKPGVVU $GTNKP :++ 5 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP NGKEJV DGUVQGP
'Z NKDTKU #NDGTV 6GTDGTIGT
.
&CU RTGWKUEJG /ÒP\YGUGP DKU $GUEJTGKDGPFGT 6GKN $GTNKP 5 6HP )CP\NGK PGP //#)
.
$TCPFGPDWTI (T·PMKUEJGU /ÒP\YGUGP /ÒP\UVWFKGP WPF 6GKNG *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG :+++ 5 : 5 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP $CPF OKV MNGKPGTGO 9CUUGT UEJCFGP
.
5%*7.6'0 2 0 &KG /ÒP\GP FGT )TCHGP XQP *QJPUVGKP XQP FGP GTUVGP #PH·PIGP KO /KVVGNCNVGT DKU \WO #WUUVGTDGP FGU IT·HNKEJGP *CWUGU 1UPCDTÒEM 5 1TKI $TQUEJWT
.
5%*7.<' + WPF 9 ) &KG HÒTUVDKUEJÌHNKEJ OÒPUVGTUEJGP /ÒP\GP FGT 0GW\GKV /ÒPUVGT 9GUVH 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #
.
5%*9#.$#%* % &KG PGWGTGP FGWVUEJGP 6CNGT &QRRGNVCNGT WPF &QRRGNIWNFGP XQT 'KPHÒJTWPI FGT 4GKEJUY·JTWPI #WHNCIG /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP &KG PGWGUVGP FGWVUEJGP 6JC NGT &QRRGNVJCNGT WPF &QRRGNIWNFGP #WHNCIG .GKR\KI 5 6HP OKV 0QVK\GP &KG PGWG UVGP FGWVUEJGP /ÒP\GP WPVGT 6JCNGTITÌG XQT 'KPHÒJTWPI FGU 4GKEJUIGNFGU #WHNCIG .GKR\KI 5 6HP +P GKPGP $CPF KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP &KG PGWGUVGP FGWVUEJGP /ÒP\GP WPVGT 6JCNGT ITÌG XQT 'KPHÒJTWPI FGU 4GKEJUIGNFGU #WHNCIG .GKR\KI 5 6HP &KG PGWGUVGP FGWVUEJGP 6JCNGT &QRRGNVJCNGT WPF &QRRGNIWNFGP #WHNCIG .GKR\KI 5 6HP +P GKPGP $CPF KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP DGUVQGP
71
DEUTSCHLAND .
5%*9+0-195-+ 9 /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG FGT /CTM /GKGP WPF /ÒP\GP FGT YGNVNKEJGP *GTTGP PCEJ OGKPKUEJGT #TV $TCMVGCVGP XQT FGT )TQUEJGPRT·IWPI 6GKN #DDKNFWPIUVCHGNP =OGJT PKEJV GTUEJKGPGP? (TCPMHWTV C / 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
'Z NKDTKU CWH 8QTUCV\
.
.
.
5''. 0&'4 0 #WIWUVKUUKOCG CE 5GTGPKUUKOCG )GPVKU $TWPUXKEQ .WPGDWTIGPUKU 0WOKUOCVC CE /QPGVC CGVCVKU 4GEGPVKQTKU /CZKOCO 2CTVGO KP #GU +PEKUCG 0CEJFTWEM FGT #WUICDG *CPPQXGT 5 6HP (QNKQ )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF #
5'..+'4 4 &KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGU *QEJUVKHVU (TGKUKPI $C[GTKUEJG /ÒP\MCVCNQIG )TÒP YCNF (TQPVKURK\ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP //#) $GKNKGIGPF $GYGT VWPIUNKUVG \W $CPF *QEJUVKHV (TGKUKPI
5'7$'46 8GT\GKEJPKU FGT KP FGT 5COONWPI FGU /CPPJGKOGT #NVGTVWOUXGTGKPU DGHKPFNKEJGP RH·N\K UEJGP WPF DCFKUEJGP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP /CPPJGKO 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
.
5/+6* 4 6JG %QKPCIG QH VJG #PINQ *CPPQXGTKCP 2GTUQPCN 7PKQP 1UPCDTÒEM 5 OKV #DD -CTVQPKGTV
.
52476* ( &KG 1DGTJCT\GT #WUDGWVGVCNGT XQP $TCWPUEJYGKI .ÒPGDWTI 'KP $GKVTCI \WT +PFWUVTKGCT EJ·QNQIKG 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP CWU FGO &GWVUEJGP $GTIDCW /WUGWO $QEJWO $QEJWO (TQP VKURK\ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD (CNVMCTVG 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP //#) &KG $GTIDCWRT· IWPIGP FGT 6GTTKVQTKGP CP 'FGT .CJP WPF 5KGI 'KP $GKVTCI \WT +PFWUVTKGCTEJ·QNQIKG 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWP IGP CWU FGO $GTIDCW /WUGWO $QEJWO (TQPVKURK\ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD (CNVMCTVG 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP //#)
&KG 1DGTJCT\GT #WUDGWVGVCNGT XQP $TCWPUEJYGKI .ÒPGDWTI 'KP $GKVTCI \WT +PFWUVTKGCTEJ·QNQIKG 8GT ÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP CWU FGO &GWVUEJGP $GTIDCW /WUGWO $QEJWO $QEJWO (TQPVKURK\ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD (CNVMCTVG 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP //#) &KG $GTIDCWRT·IWPIGP FGT 6GTTKVQ TKGP CP 'FGT .CJP WPF 5KGI 'KP $GKVTCI \WT +PFWUVTKGCTEJ·QNQIKG 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP CWU FGO $GTI DCW /WUGWO $QEJWO (TQPVKURK\ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD (CNVMCTVG 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP //#) &KG $GTIDCWRT·IWPIGP FGT TJGKPRH·N\KUEJGP 5KNDGTITWDGP $QEJWO 5 OKV #DD $TQUEJKGTV &KG *KNFGUJGKOGT $GTIDCWVCNGT FGU $KUEJQHU ,QDUV 'FOWPF X $TCDGEM FGT )TWDG 5V #PVQPKWU 'TGOKVC KP *CJPGPMNGG $QEJWO 5 OKV #DD (CNVMCTVG $TQUEJKGTV 2 #401.& 9 37'../#.< 5·EJUKUEJ VJÒTKPIKUEJG $GTIDCWIGRT·IG )GYKPPWPI WPF 8GTJÒVVWPI XQP )QNF 5KNDGT WPF -WRHGT KO 5RKGIGN FGT /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP .GKR\KI 5 OKV #DD
56#0)' ' )GNF WPF /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG FGU $KUVWOU /KPFGP 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP FGT JKUVQTKUEJGP -QOKUUKQP HÒT 9GUVHCNGP /ÒPUVGT 9GUVH 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD (CNVVH )CP\NGKPGP OKV OQPVKGTVGO &GEMGN FGT 1TKI $TQUEJWT VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF #
)GNF WPF /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG FGT )TCHUEJCHV 4CXGPUDGTI 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP FGT *KUVQTKUEJGP -QOOKUUKQP FGU 2TQXKP\KCNKPUVKVWVU HÒT YGUVH·NKUEJG .CPFGU WPF 8QNMUMWPFG /ÒPUVGT 9GUVH 8+++ 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD 6H 1TKI $TQUEJWT 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV //#)
.
.
.
#WH FGO &GEMGN WPF FGUUGP 4ÒEMUGKVG DGHKPFGP UKEJ $GUKV\GTXGTOGTMG XQP $CPMJCWU , / $KEMGNOCPP %Q WPF /ÒP\JCPFNWPI &T $WUUQ 2GWU
.
.
.
. 72
564'$'4 ( 8GTUWEJ GKPGT )GUEJKEJVG FGU MÌPKINKEJGP /ÒP\MCDKPGVVU KP /ÒPEJGP 6GKNG /ÒPEJGP WPF #WU &GPMUEJTKHVGP FGT MÌPKINKEJGP #MCFGOKG FGT 9KUUGPUEJCHVGP \W /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP 7GDGT GKPG IQNFGPG /GFCKNNG *GT\QIU #NDTGEJV 8+ KP $CKGTP 5 (CNVVC HGN #EJ·WU -ÌPKI XQP .[FKGP CWH GKPGT ÒDGTCWU UGNVGPGP )QNFOÒP\G KP FGT MÌPKINKEJGP /ÒP\ UCOONWPI KP /ÒPEJGP 5 6H 7GDGT GKPG UGJT UGNVGPG /ÒP\G XQP /[VKNGPG CWH .GUDQU YGN EJG UKEJ KP FGT MÌP 5COONWPI \W /ÒPEJGP DGHKPFGV 5 6H &KG ·NVGUVGP XQP FGP 9KVVGNUDC EJGTP KP FGT 1DGTRHCN\ IGUEJNCIGPGP /ÒP\GP 'TUVG #DVGKNWPI &KG /ÒP\GP FGT RHCN\IT·HNKEJGP .KPKG #DUEJPKVV /ÒPEJGP 5 6H 5 6H WPF 5 6HP #NNGU KP GKPGP $CPF IG DWPFGP 2CRRDCPF OKPKOCN DGUVQGP VGKNYGKUG NGKEJV UVQEMHNGEMKI &C\W ªDGT GKPKIG UGNVGPG WPF WPDGMCPPVG 5EJCWOÒP\GP *GT\QIU #NDGTV 8 CWU $CKGTP /ÒPEJGP Q , 5 OKV -WRHGTVHP 'VYCU UVQEMHNGEMKI .QUG 7GDGT GKPG UGJT UGNVGPG /ÒP\G XQP /[VKNGPG CWH .GUDQU YGNEJG UKEJ KP FGT MÌP 5COONWPI \W /ÒPEJGP DGHKPFGV 5 QJPG 6H .QUG
&KG ·NVGUVGP /ÒP\GP FGT )TCHGP XQP 9GTVJGKO 5& /ÒPEJGP CWU FGP #DJCPFNWPIGP FGT 2JKNQUQ RJKUEJ RJKNQNQIKUEJGP %NCUUG FGT -ÌPKINKEJ $C[GTKUEJGP #MCFGOKG FGT 9KUUGPUEJCHVGP 5 6H 1TKI $TQUEJWT WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP 6H GVYCU UVQEMHNGEMKI #
57%*+'4 4 &KG /ÒP\GP FGT )TCHGP XQP *CPCW <WO FTGKJWPFGTVL·JTKIGP ,WDKN·WO FGT 0GWUVCFV *CPCW *CPCW 5 6HP *CNDNGFGTDCPF OKV /CTOQTRCRKGT CWH FGO &GEMGN UGJT UGNVGPGU 'ZGORNCT //#)
6*14/#00 * &KG CPJCNVKUEJGP /ÒP\GP FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU /ÒPUVGT 5 \CJNTGKEJG -QP MQTFCP\VCDGNNGP 6HP .GKPGP
DEUTSCHLAND .
.
.
6140#7 1 /ÒP\YGUGP WPF /ÒP\GP FGT )TCHUEJCHV /CPUHGNF XQP FGT /KVVG FGU HÒPH\GJPVGP ,CJT JWPFGTVU DKU \WO 'TNÌUEJGP FGU IT·HNKEJGP WPF HÒTUVNKEJGP *CWUGU 2TCI 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT OKV -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV 4ÒEMGP XQP $KPFWPI IGNÌUV //#) &C\W 'KP JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGT #WMVKQPU MCVCNQI FGT 5NI -WP\ 'KIGPVWO $ -WP\ 5GKVGP PKEJV PWOGTKGTV *CNDNGKPGP
&KG $TCMVGCVGP FGT )TCHGP XQP /CPUHGNF FGT 'FNGP *GTTGP XQP (TKGFGDWTI WPF FGT *GTTGP XQP 5EJTCRNCW )TÒPDGTI KP 5EJNGUKGP 8+++ 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP &C\W , W # '4$56'+0 /CPUHGNF 3WGTHWTV * )4¤55.'4 /CPUHGNF 6 56'0<'. /CPUHGNF *CNDNGKPGP Z 1TKI $TQ UEJWT Z
64+22' # &KG /ÒP\GP XQP /GFGDCEJ $TCWPUEJYGKI 5 FCXQP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
878
.
9'+&*#5 , ( &KG $TCPFGPDWTIGT &GPCTG XQP *GKPTKEJ -ÌPKI FGT 9GPFGP DKU CWH (TKGFTKEJ + -WTHÒTUV CWU FGO *CWUG *QJGP\QNNGTP WPF XQP FGOUGNDGP FKG $TCPFGPDWTIGT )TQUEJGP WPF MNGKPGP /ÒP\GP DKU CWH (TKGFTKEJ 9KNJGNO +8 -ÌPKI XQP 2TGWUUGP $GTNKP 8+++ 5 6HP *CNDNG FGT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP GVYCU UVQEMHNGEMKI #
/KV 'Z NKDTKU OGJTGTGP $GUKV\GTXGTOGTMGP WPF $GUKV\GTGVKMGVV XQP &T /GT\DCEJGT /ÒPEJGP
.
9'+0) 460'4 , $GUEJTGKDWPI FGT -WRHGT /ÒP\GP 9GUVHCNGPU PGDUV JKUVQTKUEJGP 0CEJTKEJVGP *GHV 2CFGTDQTP 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP
.
$GUEJTGKDWPI FGT -WRHGT /ÒP\GP 9GUVHCNGPU 2CFGTDQTP *GHV WPF 0CEJVTCI 8+++ 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT
.
&KG 5KNDGT /ÒP\GP XQP %ÌNPKUEJ *GT\QIVJWO 9GUVHCNGP WPF )TCHUEJCHV QFGT 8GUV 4GEMNKPIJCWUGP PGDUV JKUVQTKUEJGP 0CEJTKEJVGP /ÒPUVGT 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT 4ÒEMGP NQUG GKPKIG JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJG 5GKVGP
9'.6'4 ) &KG /ÒP\GP FGT 9GNHGP UGKV *GKPTKEJ FGO .ÌYGP $·PFG $TCWPUEJYGKI :+ 5 +: 5 6HP 8++ 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD )CP\MWPUVNGFGT $KPFWPI XQP $CPF GVYCU IGNQEMGTV $GKIGNGIV *GHV OKV 0CEJVT·IGP #
9';. # &KG 2CWN *GPEMGN UEJG 5COONWPI $TCPFGPDWTI 2TGWUUKUEJGT /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $GTNKP 6GKN OKV 0CEJVTCI 5 6HP 0CEJVTCI $GTNKP 5 +P \YGK $·PFGP KP )CP\NGFGT FGT <GKV IGDWPFGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
.
+O 0CEJVTCI KUV GKP CWUHÒJTNKEJGU 4GIKUVGT UQYKG FKG FGVCKNNKGTVG '. UCOV FGT PCOGPVNKEJGP -·WHGTPCOGP CWHIGHÒJTV
.
9+$'. ( /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG FGT )TCHGP XQP 9GTVJGKO WPF FGU )GUCOVJCWUGU .QGYGPUVGKP 9GTVJGKO 0CEJFTWEM $KGNGHGNF FGT #WUICDG *CODWTI :++ 5 5VCOOHVP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
9+'.#0&6 ( $CFKUEJG /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP FGU $CFKUEJGP .CPFGUOWUG WOU #WHNCIG -CTNUTWJG FGT 'TUVCWHNCIG XQP :+ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
&GT $TGKUICWGT 2HGPPKI WPF UGKPG /ÒP\UV·VVGP 'KP $GKVTCI \WT /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG FGU #NGOCP PGPNCPFGU KO /KVVGNCNVGT PGWDGCTDGKVGVG #WHNCIG -CTNUTWJG 5 (CNVMCTVG 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT # /ÒP\GP WPF )GNF KP 2HQT\JGKO -CTNUTWJG 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD KP (CTDG )CP\NGKPGP OKV UKNDGTPGT &GEMGNRT·IWPI
73
FRANKREICH, MONACO .
9ª466'/$'4)+5%*'5 .#0&'5/75'7/ 56766)#46 &KG <GKV FGT 5VCWHGT $CPF 5VWVVICTV &CTKP ' 0#7 /ÒP\GP WPF )GNF KP FGT 5VCWHGT\GKV $TQUEJKGTV
.
-1081.76 #..) 07/+5/#6+- 70& 9+465%*#(65)'5%*+%*6' -QPXQNWV XQP /Q PQITCRJKGP #WHU·V\GP .GZKMC \WT CNNIGOGKPGP PGW\GKVNKEJGP WPF CWUN·PFKUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM W C XQP , 2 &+81 5EJYGK\ .KEJVGPUVGKP 4 (4+'&$'4) )QNF %QKPU QH VJG 9QTNF 8 )#&174; (TCPM TGKEJ 2 )4+'4510 $KDNKQITCRJKG 0WOKUOCVKSWG * *'&' &·PGOCTM 0QTYGIGP 9 *1.6< #DMÒT\WPIGP CWH /ÒP\GP . -4#75' % /+5*.'4 9QTNF %QKPU 9QTNF %QKPU 6 -41*# .GZKMQP FGT 0WOKUOCVKM - .#0)' /KVVGNCNVGT * 4 /'&+0) &KG *GTUVGNNWPI XQP /ÒP\GP * 4+66/#00 &GWVUEJGU /ÒP\UCOONGTNGZKMQP ( 9 # 5%*.+%-';5'0 4 2#../#00 'TMN·TWPI FGT #DMÒT\WPIGP CWH /ÒP\GP * 5%*.7/$'4)'4 )QNFOÒP\GP 5'#$; 'PINCPF 8GTGKPVGU -ÌPKITGKEJ # 9'0<'. #WHNÌUWPI NCVGKPKUEJGT .GIGPFGP CWH /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP
-1081.76 &'765%*' 07/+5/#6+- 70& )'.&)'5%*+%*6' &KXGTUG /QPQITCRJKGP OGKUVGPU \WT FGWVUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG W C % , )¤6< &GWVUEJNCPFU -C[ UGT OÒP\GP FGU /KVVGN #NVGTU 0CEJFTWEM .GKR\KI FGT 1TKIKPCNCWUICDG &TGUFGP &'765%*' $70&'5$#0- *TUI &GWVUEJG 6CNGT XQP FGP #PH·PIGP FGT 6CNGTRT·IWPI DKU \WO &TGKKIL·JTKIGP -TKGI CWU FGT 5COONWPI FGT &GWVUEJGP $WPFGUDCPM (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP Q , =/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN? &GWVUEJG 6CNGT XQO &TGKKIL·JTKIGP -TKGI DKU \WO 'PFG FGT 6CNGTRT·IWPI CWU FGT 5COONWPI FGT &GWVUEJGP $WPFGUDCPM (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP Q , =/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN? * , -'..0'4 &KG /ÒP\GP FGT (TGKGP 4GKEJUUVCFV 0ÒTPDGTI $C[GTKUEJG /ÒP\MCVCNQIG $CPF )TÒPYCNF ' 0'7/#00 &KG /ÒP\GP FGU &GWVUEJGP 1TFGPU KP 2TGWGP FGU *GT\QIVWO 2TGWGP 9GUVRTGWGP UQYKG FKG )GRT·IG FGU &GWVUEJGP 1TFGPU KP /GTIGPVJGKO -ÌNP - /#46+0 &KG RTGWKUEJGP /ÒP\RT·IWPIGP XQP $CPF FGT 5EJTKHVGPTGKJG &KG /ÒP\G $GTNKP , WPF # '4$56'+0 &GU -ÌPKINKEJGP /ÒP\ %CDKPGVU \W &TGUFGP &QWDNGVVGP CP /ÒP\GP /GFCKNNGP WPF $ÒEJGTP &TGUFGP 9GUVHCNKC 0WOKUOCVKEC /ÒPUVGT 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJG $KPFWPIGP
/QPQITCRJKGP WPF #WHU·V\G \W 6JGOGP FGT FGWVUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM W C XQP ) &78' $TCWP UEJYGKI .ÒPGDWTIKUEJG &KEMVCNGT * '*4'0& 5RG[GTGT /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG 4 *##5 /CPPJGKO 9 *#00'/##0 /GEMNGPDWTI 5VTGNKV\ 4QUVQEM 9 *#726 5CEJUGP # -'..'4 2CRKGTIGNF FGWVUEJGT -QNQPKGP - /#46+0 2TGWGP # 2+%- 2CRKGTIGNF * 4+66/#00 &GWV UEJG )GNFIGUEJKEJVG ) 5%*¤0 #NVFGWVUEJNCPF 9 5%*7.6'0 &GWVUEJG /ÒP\GP CWU FGT <GKV -CTN 8 0 6*70 &QRRGNIWNFGP &QRRGNVCNGT W X O
-1081.76 016/ª0<'0 /#4-'0 214<'..#0)'.& &KXGTUG /QPQITCRJKGP 5QPFGT FTWEMG WPF -NGKPUEJTKHVGP FCTWPVGT 1 *140 &KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP CWU FGT UVCCVNKEJGP /CPW HCEVWT \W /GKUUGP .GKR\KI # -'..'4 &CU FGWVUEJG 0QVIGNF 6GKN -NGKPIGNF UEJGKPG #WHNCIG $GTNKP &CU FGWVUEJG 0QVIGNF 6GKN -NGKPIGNFUEJGKPG #WHNCIG (TCPMHWTV C / &CU FGWVUEJG 0QVIGNF 6GKN #WHNCIG $GTNKP +P GKPGP $CPF IGDWPFGP OKV $ 4¤66+0)'4 &CU FGWVUEJG )GHCPIGPGPNCIGTIGNF UQYKG )TWDGP WPF <GEJGPIGNF (TCPMHWTV C / =/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN? 9 *#55'./#00 &KG %QP UWOXGTGKP 9GTVJOCTMG /ÒPUVGT 4 # .#/$ %CVCNQIWG QH )GTOCP 9CT 6QMGPU #TK\QPC 2 /GP\GN &GWVUEJG 0QVOÒP\GP WPF UQPUVKIG )GNFGTUCV\OCTMGP DKU $GTNKP - 5%*'7%* /GFCKNNGP CWU 2QT\GNNCP $CPF #WUICDGQTVG # < 1DGT 'UEJDCEJ -TWODCEJ D )KGUUGP 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJG $KPFWPIGP
-1081.76 +PVGTGUUCPVGU -QPXQNWV XQP JQEJYGTVKIGP 0CEJFTWEMGP XQP YKEJVKIGT 5VCPFCTFNKVGTCVWT \WT FGWVUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM W C XQP , #.$4'%*6 *QJGPNQJG * $'*4'05 .ÒDGEM * 2 %#22' )QUNCT - * &#55&14( 5·EJUKUEJG )GUEJKEJVG $ &7&+- &GWVUEJGT 1TFGP , W # '4$56'+0 5COONWPI 'PIGNJCTFV 5EJWNVJGUU 4GEJDGTI UEJ ( (4+'&'05$74) * 5'')'4 5EJNGUKGP - (4+'&'4+%* *CWU 5VQNFDGTI -QPVGTOCTMGPYGUGP . )41$' *GT\QIVWO 5CEJ UGP /GKPKPIGP , *'..'4 $CODGTI # X *'55 /CKP\ *GUUGP , +5'0$'%- 0CUUCW 2 ,15'2* ' ('..0'4 (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP * ,70)- $TGOGP )TCH - \W +00 70& -0;2*#75'0 /ÒP\ WPF /GFCKNNGP -CDKPGV 9 -0+))' /ÒP\ WPF /GFCKNNGP -CDKPGV 2 X .'*/#00 /CTKC XQP ,GXGT , .'+6</#00 'THWTV ' .','70' $WTI (TKGFDGTI 9 (TJT .ÌHHGNJQN\ X -1.$'4) 1GVVKPICPC , /#00 #PJCNV 1 /'45'$74)'4 5CEJUGP ' /'46'05 &GWVUEJG $TCMVGCVGP # /';'4 /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT *GTTGP XQP 4CPV\CW 4 2+.16; 9ÒT\DWTI # 4+'%*/#00 /KVVGNCNVGTNKEJG /ÒP\GP * (TJT X 5#74/# ,'.65%* &GWVUEJNCPF 5EJYGK\ 2QNGP - 5%*4#%- $C[GTP 4GIGPUDWTI ( (TJT X 5%*4¤66'4 (TKGF TKEJ 9KNJGNO FGU ITQGP -WTHÒTUVGP WPF (TKGFTKEJ +++ XQP $TCPFGPDWTI (TKGFTKEJ + WPF (TKGFTKEJ 9KNJGNO + 2TGWGP 4 57%*+'4 *CPCW 9 ' 6'06<'. 5CEJUGP - 81)'.5#0) #WU DGWVGOÒP\GP ( # 8155$'4) &CP\KI # 9';. $TCPFGPDWTI 2TGWGP 9+.*'/5&¤4(('4 $TCPFGPDWTI KP (TCPMGP
.
.
.
.
(4#0-4'+%* /10#%1 .
%#410 ' /QPPCKGU H¾QFCNGU HTCP¼CKUGU 2CTKU ::+8 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT HTCP\ÌUKUEJG $KPFWPI DKU CWH YGPKIG GVYCU UVQEMHNGEMKIG 6HP KP VCFGNNQUGT 'TJCNVWPI //#)
.
/QPPCKGU H¾QFCNGU HTCP¼CKUGU 2CTKU ::+8 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT #
74
FRANKREICH, MONACO .
%*#6+..10 . ,GVQPU EQPUWNCKTGU FG NC XKNNG FG .[QP #FFKVKQP CWZ TGEJGTEJGU FW &T 2QPEGV .[QP 2CTKU 5 6H *CNDNGFGT 8IN #
.
%+#0+ . .GU OQPPCKGU TQ[CNGU HTCP¼CKUGU FG *WIWGU %CRGV C .QWKU :8+ CXGE KPFKECVKQP FG NGWT XCNGWT CEVWGNNG 0CEJFTWEM $CTEGNQPC FGT #WUICDG 2CTKU 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD *CNDNGKPGP
.
%1..+0 $ .yCVGNKGT OQP¾VCKTG TQ[CN FG /QPVRGNNKGT GV NC EKTEWNCVKQP OQP¾VCKTG GP NCPIWGFQE FG .QWKU :+++ C NC T¾XQNWVKQP 0Ã&#x201E;OGU 5 FCXQP GKPKIG 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT #
0T XQP 'ZGORNCTGP
.
'0)'. # 5'4474' 4 6TCKV¾ FG PWOKUOCVKSWG FW OQ[GP CIG $·PFG 0CEJFTWEM $QNQIPC FGT #WUICDG 2CTKU .::8++ 5 OKV 6GZVCDD $TQUEJKGTV
899
.
)#4+'. ' .GU OQPPCKGU TQ[CNGU FG (TCPEG UQWU NC TCEG %CTQNKPIKGPPG 6GKNG 5VTCUDQWTI 5 6HP 5 6HP +P FTGK $·PFGP KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP DGUVQÂGP +P $CPF YWTFG FCU 4GIKUVGT JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJ GTI·P\V //#)
*CPFUEJTKHVNKEJG 9KFOWPI KP $CPF
900
.
*1((/#00 * .GU OQPPCKGU TQ[CNGU FG (TCPEG FGRWKU *WIWGU %CRGV LWUSWyC .QWKU :8+ 2CTKU :8 5 6HP 2TCEJVXQNNGT )CP\NGFGTDCPF OKV IQNF &GEMGN WPF 4Ã&#x2019;EMGPXGT\KGTWPI 75
FRANKREICH, MONACO
901
.
.GU OQPPCKGU TQ[CNGU FG (TCPEG FGRWKU *WIWGU %CRGV LWUSW ¯ .QWKU :8+ 2CTKU :8 5 6HP )CP\NGFGT KP HTCP\ÌUKUEJGT $KPFWPI &GEMGNRT·IWPIGP GKPG 'EMG FGT 4ÒEMUGKVG KUV DGUEJ·FKIV WPF 4·PFGT UKPF NGKEJV DGTKGDGP
.#(#74+' , .GU OQPPCKGU FGU TQKU FG (TCPEG *WIWGU %CRGV C .QWKU :++ 2CTKU $CUGN ::+ 5 6HP 2 24+'74 .GU OQPPCKGU FGU TQKU FG (TCPEG (TCP¼QKU +GT C *GPTK +8 2CTKU $CUGN :8++ 5 6HP $GKFG $ÒEJGT KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP UGJT IWV GTJCNVGP URQTCFKUEJG $NGKUVKHVPQVK\GP //#)
.
/#<#4& , *KUVQKTG OQP¾VCKTG GV PWOKUOCVKSWG EQPVGORQTCKPG $·PFG 2CTKU $CUGN 5 5 .GKPGP
.
/14+0 * 0WOKUOCVKSWG H¾QFCNG FW &CWRJKP¾ 2CTKU 8+++ 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT OKV -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV UVQEMHNGEMKI //#)
.
21'; & #8#06 ( /QPPCKGU H¾QFCNGU FG (TCPEG $·PFG 0CEJFTWEM )TC\ FGT 1TKIKPCNCWU ICDG 2CTKU :++ 5 6HP 5 6HP 5 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGK PGP 'KPDCPF OKV )GDTCWEJUURWTGP #
41$'46 2 % /QPPCKGU ,GVQPU GV /¾FCKNNGU FGU 'X½SWGU FG /GV\ /¾OQKTG RWDNK¾ GV VGTOKP¾ F CRT½U NGU PQVGU FG N CWVGWT RCT 4 5'4474' 0CEJFTWEM .WZGODWTI FGU 5& /CEQP CWU #PPWCKTG FG NC 5QEK¾V¾ (TCP¼CKUG FG 0WOKUOCVKSWG 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -WPUVNGFGT ( FG 5#7.%; .GU /QPPCKGU FG NC %KV¾ FG /GV\ NGU /QPPCKGU FGU 'X½SWGU FG /GV\ 0CEJFTWEM .WZGO DWTI FGT #WUICDG /GV\ \CJNTGKEJG WPRCIKPKGTVG 5 -NCRRVHP 4GEJGTEJGU UWT NGU /QP PCKGU FGU 'X½SWGU FG /GV\ 0CEJFTWEM .WZGODWTI FGT #WUICDG =/GV\ ? \CJNTGKEJG WPRCIK PKGTVG 5 -NCRRVHP 5WRRN¾OGPV CWZ 4GEJGTEJGU UWT NGU /QPPCKGU FGU 'X½SWGU FG /GV\ 0CEJFTWEM .WZGODWTI FGT #WUICDG =/GV\ ? \CJNTGKEJG WPRCIKPKGTVG 5 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF KP -WPUV NGFGT IGDWPFGP
41..+0 ('7#4&'06 %CVCNQIWG FGU OQPPCKGU TQ[CNGU GV UGKIPGWTKCNGU FG (TCPEG FGRWKU NGU /¾TQ XKPIKGPU LWUSW C PQU LQWTU %QPVGPCPV PWO¾TQU CXGE NGWTU RTKZ FG XGPVG 2CTKU .QPFQP 5 2NCPEJGU 2CTKU 5 6HP 2CRRGKPDCPF OKV CWHIGMNGDVGT 6KVGNUGKVG //#)
5#7.%; ( FG *KUVQKTG PWOKUOCVKSWG FG T½IPG FG (TCP¼QKU +GT TQK FG (TCPEG 2CTKU 8 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD *CNDNGFGT HTCP\ÌUKUEJG $KPFWPI JGTXQTTCIGPFG 'TJCNVWPI //#)
.
.
.
.
$GUKV\GTUVGORGN XQP ( /KIPQV 2TCFKGT #WZGTTG WPF 5VGORGN 0WOKUOCVKSWG HTCPECKUG KO 8QTUCV\ WPF CWH FGO 6KVGNDNCVV
.
.
64'514 &' 07/+5/#6+37' '6 &' ).;26+37' *KUVQKTG RCT NGU /QPWOGPVU FG .BCTV /QP¾VCKTG EJG\ NGU /QFGTPGU 2CTKU 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP 6GKNYGKUG UVQEMHNGEMKI )CP\IQNFUEJPKVV
9'0&.+0) ' %QTRWU 0WOOQTWO .QVJCTKPIKCG /QUGNNCPCG 6GZV WPF 6CHGNDCPF /GV\ 5 6HP $TQUEJWT #
#NNG 6GZVG UQYQJN KP HTCP\ÌUKUEJGT CNU CWEJ KP FGWVUEJGT 5RTCEJG
76
HABSBURG, UNGARN, BÖHMEN .
<#; ' *KUVQKTG OQP¾VCKTG FGU EQNQPKGU HTCP¼CKUGU FyCRTGU NGU FQEWOGPVU QHHKEKGNU 2CTKU 5 OKV 6GZVCDD *CNDNGFGTGKPDCPF -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV
0WT UGNVGP KP FGT 1TKIKPCNCWUICDG \W GTUVGJGP
.
-1081.76 8GTUEJKGFGPG 5EJTKHVGP \WT HTCP\ÌUKUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM FCTWPVGT ' $17&'#7 %CVC NQIWG )¾P¾TCN KNNWUVT¾ /QPPCKGU (TCP¼CKUGU 2TQXKPEKCNGU 0CEJFTWEM XCP FGT &WUUGP /CCUVTKEJV FGT #WHNCIG =2CTKU? Q , 8 )#7&14; /QPPCKGU (TCP¼CKUGU #WHNCIG /QPVG %CTNQ , FG /'; $ 21+0&'55#7.6 4¾RGTVQKTG FGU /QPPCKGU 0CRQN¾QPKFGU 4¾RGTVQKTG FG NC 0W OKUOCVKSWG (TCP¼CKUG %QPVGORQTCKPG $TÒUUGN 2CTKU $ '4056 .GU OQPPCKGU HTCP¼CKUGU $TCWPUEJYGKI .GU OQPPCKGU HTCP¼CKUGU FGRWKU $TCWPUEJYGKI ) 51$+0 ,T 6JG UKNXGT ETQYPU QH (TCPEG 0GY ,GCTU[ 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWPFGP
)4155$4+6#00+'0 +4.#0& .
$411-' ) % 'PINKUJ %QKPU HTQO VJG 5GXGPVJ %GPVWT[ VQ VJG 2TGUGPV &C[ #WHNCIG .QPFQP :++ 5 6HP .GKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP WPF UVQEMHNGEMKI
.
%*#..+5 % ' *TUI # PGY JKUVQT[ QH VJG 4Q[CN /KPV %CODTKFIG ::+ 5 OKV #DD .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI
.
'.+#5 ' 4 & 6JG #PINQ )CNNKE %QKPU .GU /QPPCKGU #PINQ (TCP¼CKUGU 2CTKU .QPFQP +: 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV #
.
(1.-'5 / 6CDNGU QH 'PINKUJ 5KNXGT CPF )QNF %QKPU 0CEJFTWEM )TC\ FGT #WUICDG .QP FQP +8 5 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
)#.56'4 ) 5[NNQIG QH %QKPU QH VJG $TKVKUJ +UNGU 4Q[CN %QNNGEVKQP QH %QKPU CPF /GFCNU 0CVKQPCN /WUGWO %QRGPJCIGP 2CTV + #PEKGPV $TKVKUJ CPF #PINQ 5CZQP %QKPU DGHQTG #GVJGNTGF ++ .QPFQP 5 6HP 2CTV ++ #PINQ 5CZQP %QKPU #GVJGNTGF ++ .QPFQP :8+ 5 6HP $GKFG $·PFG KP GKPJGKVNKEJGO )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
)47'$'4 * # -'#4; % ( # %CVCNQIWG QH 'PINKUEJ %QKPU KP VJG $TKVKUJ /WUGWO #PINQ 5CZQP 5GTKGU $·PFG 0& .QPFQP FGT #WUICDG .QPFQP :%+8 5 6HP %::8+ 5 6HP (CNVMCTVG -CTVQPKGTV &C\W # 5 41$'46510 5[NNQIG QH %QKPU QH VJG $TKVKUJ +UNGU $CPF *WPVGTKCP CPF %QCVU %QNNGEVKQPU 7PKXGTUKV[ QH )NCUIQY 6GKN #PINQ 5CZQP %QKPU .QPFQP :8+++ 5 OKV 6HP -CTVQPKGTV ) )#.56'4 5[NNQIG QH %QKPU QH VJG $TKVKUJ +UNGU 4Q[CN %QNNGEVKQP QH %QKPU CPF /GFCNU 0CVKQPCN /WUGWO %QRGPJCIGP 6GKN #PINQ 5CZQP %QKPU .QPFQP :+8 5 OKV 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
.
/#;*'9 0 , 'FYCTFKCP /QPGVCT[ #HHCKTU # 5[ORQUKWO JGNF KP 1ZHQTF #WIWUV $#4 1ZHQTF 5 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
0146* , , 24'5610 /14.'; 2 , 5[NNQIG QH EQKPU QH VJG $TKVKUJ +UNGU 6JG ,QJP ) $TQQ MGT EQNNGEVKQP %QKPU QH %JCTNGU + .QPFQP .:+: 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #
.
5;..1)' 1( %1+05 1( 6*' $4+6+5* +5.'5 $CPF * 5EJPGKFGT %QNNGEVKQP 2CTV + 'PINKUJ )QNF %QKPU CPF VJGKT +OKVCVKQPU .QPFQP :+++ 5 OKV 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
9+..+#/510 ) % *TUI 6TCFG VQMGPU KUUWGF KP VJG UGXGPVGGPVJ EGPVWT[ $·PFG 0CEJFTWEM .QPFQP FGT #TDGKV 9+..+#/ $1;0'5 :.+ 5 FCXQP GKPKIG OKV #DD WPF CNU 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP #
-1081.76 )4155$4+6#00+'0 +4.#0& &KXGTUG /QPQITCRJKGP \WT DTKVKUEJGP WPF KTKUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM FCTWPVGT 2 5'#$; 5GCD[yU UVCPFCTF ECVCNQIWG %QKPU CPF VQMGPU QH +TGNCPF .QPFQP , & $#6'510 %QKPCIG KP 5EQVNCPF .QPFQP * # 5'#$; 6JG $TKVKUJ +ORGTKCN 5KNXGT %QKPCIG QT 6JG 'PINKUJ 5KNXGT %QKPCIG HTQO .QPFQP 4 .1$'. W C %QKPETCHV U 5VCPFCTF %CVCNQIWG QH 'PINKUJ 7- %QKPU VQ &CVG .QPFQP , -'06 [GCTU QH $TKVKUJ %QKPU CPF /GFCNU .QPFQP ) $'44; /GFKGXCN 'PINKUJ ,GVQPU =.QPFQP? 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWPFGP
.
.
*#$5$74)+5%*' '4$.#0&' 70)#40 $¤*/'0 .
$'4) 7 (TGKJGTT XQP &KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 5COONWPI 9GKNCPF FGU #TVWT )TCHGP X 'P\GP DGTI /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT IGHÒTUVGVGP )TCHUEJCHV 6KTQN FGT ÌUVGTTGKEJKUEJGP 8QTNCPFG FGT *QEJ UVKHVG 6TKGPV W $TKZGP WPF XGTYCPFVGT )GDKGVG .CPFGUHÒTUVNKEJG 2T·IWPIGP CWU FGT <GKV XQP $F ++ /ÒPEJGP (TQPVKURK\ 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP
.
%#56'.+0 - %GUMC &TQDPC /KPEG &QD[ 2TGFJWUKVUMG C *WUKVUMG 2TCI 5 OKV #DD *CNDNGKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
%'4/#- - 5-4$'- $ /KPEG -TCNQXUVXK %GUMGJQ $·PFG 8+++ 5 5 5VCOO VCHGN 6HP *CNDNGFGT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
.
%7$#5%* * &KG /ÒP\GP WPVGT FGT 4GIKGTWPI UGKPGT MCKU W MÌP CRQUVQNKUEJGP /CLGUV·V FGU -CK UGTU (TCP\ ,QUGRJ + DKU \WT 'KPHÒJTWPI FGT -TQPGPY·JTWPI 9KGP 8+++ 5 6HP .GKPGP OKV )GDTCWEJUURWTGP
77
HABSBURG, UNGARN, BÖHMEN .
.
.
&+'6+-'4 * # $ÌJOGP -CVCNQI FGT *CDUDWTIGT /ÒP\GP DKU /ÒPEJGP 5 OKV #DD )CP\NGKPGP -NGKPG DÌJOKUEJG /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG <QNNKMGTDGTI Q , 5 OKV #DD $TQ UEJWT , %',0'- ¤UVGTTGKEJKUEJG WPICTKUEJG DÌJOKUEJG WPF UEJNGUKUEJG /ÒP\RT·IWPIGP XQP 9KGP Q , :8 5 $TQUEJWT ¤UVGTTGKEJKUEJG /ÒP\RT·IWPIGP XQP 9KGP 5 $TQUEJWT
'0<'0$'4) 9 # )TCH XQP 5COONWPI #TVJWT )TCH 'P\GPDGTI #WMVKQP )KNJQHGT 4CPUEJDWTI 9KGP XQO 0TP 6HP DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG #WMVKQP # *GUU #) .W\GTP 0TP 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP a
(+#.# ' $GUEJTGKDWPI DÌJOKUEJGT /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CPF 7T\GKV -GNVGP DKU \WT 'KPHÒJ TWPI FGT $TCMVGCVGPRT·IWPI 2TCI 8++ 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP OKV OQPVKGTVGO 6KVGNDNCVV FGT $TQUEJWT
/KV 8GTHCUUGTYKFOWPI CP &T 'TDUVGKP
.
%QNNGEVKQP 'TPUV 2TKP\ \W 9KPFKUEJ )T·V\ + ++ $CPF 2TCI 5 5 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF KP .GKPGP IGDWPFGP $GUVQGP
932
.
%GUMG &GPCT[ 2TCI 6GZVDCPF OKV 5 6CHGNDCPF OKV 6HP $KDNKQRJKNG RTCEJVXQNNG DTCWPG )CP\NGFGTD·PFG OKV IQNF 2T·IGFTWEM CWH &GEMGN WPF 4ÒEMGP )CP\IQNFUEJPKVV
#WU FGT $KDNKQVJGM FGU MÌPKINKEJGP *CWUGU *CPPQXGT
.
.
.
);¤0);¤55; / 9+06'4 * /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGU WPICTKUEJGP /KVVGNCNVGTU 5COONWPIUMCVCNQIG FGU MWPUVJKUVQTKUEJGP /WUGWOU 9KGP 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD 6HP WPF -CTVG -CTVQPKGTV # *#.#%-# + /KPEG <GOÃ -QTWP[ %GUM¾ $·PFG -TQOGTÃ\ 5 5 5 DGKIGNGIVG (CNVMCTVG LGYGKNU OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP #
*'4+0'- . ¤UVGTTGKEJKUEJG /ÒP\RT·IWPIGP $CPF WPF 9KGP 5 5 LG YGKNU OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP DGKFG 8QTUCV\DN·VVGT OKV MNGKPGO #WUUEJPKVV $GKIGNGIV . *'4+0'- 'TI·P\WPIGP \W ¤UVGTTGKEJKUEJG /ÒP\RT·IWPIGP XQP 9KGP &C\W , 5 &#8'02146 6JG 6CNGTU QH VJG #WUVTKCP 0QDNG *QWUGU 6 ';2'.6#7'4 %QTRWU 0WOOQTWO 4GIPK /CTKCG 6JGTGUKCG * ,70)9+46* %QTRWU 0WOOQTWO #WUVTKCEQTWO %0# 8 .GQRQNF + -CTN 8+ ( .';21.& &GT /CTKC 6JGTGUKGP 6JCNGT ) 241$5<6 ¤UVGTTGKEJK UEJG /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG 8QP FGP #PH·PIGP DKU 4 81).*7$'4 6CNGT WPF 5EJCWVCNGT FGU 'T\JCWUGU *CDUDWTI
.
*1.</#+4 ' /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG FGT ÌUVGTTGKEJKUEJGP 0GWHÒTUVGP OKV $GUEJTGKDWPI KJTGT /ÒP\RT·IWP IGP UGKV .GQRQNF + 5& CWU 0< 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT OKV /CTOQTRCRKGT PGWYGTVKI
.
,70)9+46* * %QTRWU 0WOOQTWO #WUVTKCEQTWO %0# $CPF .GQRQNF + -CTN 8+ 9KGP 8+++ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
-.'/'5%* * &KG XQTFGTÌUVGTTGKEJKUEJG /ÒP\UV·VVG 'PUKUJGKO -CUUGN 5 OKV \WO 6GKN HCTDKIGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV
78
HABSBURG, UNGARN, BÖHMEN .
.#,15 * 5\GPV +UVX±P 2¾P\GK $WFCRGUV 5 OKV #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQGP 4GEJVG WPVGTG 'EMG CDIGTKUUGP WPF IGMPKEMV
.
)GQTIUOÒP\GP $WFCRGUV 5 OKV #DD 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT NGKEJV CWUIGDNKEJGP
.
.75%*+0 810 '$'0)4'76* # (TKGUCEJGT 2HGPPKIG $GKVT·IG \W KJTGT /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG WPF \WT -GPPVPKU KJTGT )GRT·IG 5& CWU 9KGPGT 0WOKUOCVKUEJG <GKVUEJTKHV 5 WPF 5 6HP 9GKVGTG 6CHGNP DGKIGNGIV .GKPGP DGUVQGP 4ÒEMGP GKPIGTKUUGP &KG 9KGPGT 2HGPPKPIG (WPFXGT\GKEJPKUUG WPF MTKVKUEJG 5VWFKGP 9KGP 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP DGUVQGP 9CUUGTHNGEM CWH FGP 6CHGNP
/#4-. / &KG /ÒP\GP /GFCKNNGP WPF 2T·IWPIGP OKV 0COGP WPF 6KVGN (GTFKPCPF + 6GZVDCPF 0CEJFTWEM $KGNGHGNF FGT #WUICDG 2TCI 6CHGNDCPF 0CEJFTWEM $KGNGHGNF FGT #WUICDG 2TCI 8+ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
/';'4 # #NDTGEJV XQP 9CNNGPUVGKP 9CNFUVGKP *GT\QI XQP (TKGFNCPF WPF UGKPG /ÒP\GP 9KGP (TQPVKURK\ 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT DGUVQGP //#)
.
.
/KV $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM 'WIGP .CPIGT
.
&KG /ÒP\GP FGT (COKNKG 'IIGPDGTI 9KGP 5 6HP *CNDNGFGTDCPF OKV /CTOQTRCRKGT WPF $NKPFUVGORGNXGT\KGTWPI CWH FGP &GEMGNP
.
/+..'4 <7 #+%**1.< 8 ¤UVGTTGKEJKUEJG /ÒP\RT·IWPIGP #WHNCIG 9KGP (TQPVKURK\ :::++ 5 3WGTHQNKQ *CNDNGKPGP DGUVQGP 'TUVG 5GKVG GKPIGTKUUGP $KPFWPI NQEMGT /CPEJG 5GKVGP UKPF IGMPKEMV
&GT 6CHGNDCPF YWTFG GTUV \WT \YGKVGP #WHNCIG GTUVGNNV *CPFUEJTKHVNKEJGT $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM ' $GEMGPDCWGT
.
/+..'4 <7 #+%**1.< 8 .1'*4 # *1.</#+4 ' ¤UVGTTGKEJKUEJG /ÒP\RT·IWPIGP $·PFG #WHN 9KGP :. 5 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP )GNGPMG GVYCU NQEMGT -CPVGP NGKEJV DGUVQGP #
/15'4 * 6745-; * &KG /ÒP\UV·VVG *CNN KP 6KTQN +PPUDTWEM 5 OKV VGKNU HCTDKIGP #DD &KG /ÒP\UV·VVG *CNN KP 6KTQN +PPUDTWEM 5 OKV #DD )CP\NGKPGP //#)
.
/7((#6 - # 7GDGT FCU )GYKEJV WPF FGP )GJCNV FGT QGUVGTTGKEJKUEJGP 2HGPPKPIG /ÒPEJGP 5 -CTVQPKGTV
.
01*',.18 24 618 ' &CU /ÒP\YGUGP #NDTGEJVU XQP 9CNNGPUVGKP )TC\ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP 4 XQP .+%*0195-; ' XQP /#;'4 &GU HÒTUVNKEJGP *QEJUVKHVGU 1NOÒV\ /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 0CEJFTWEM )TC\ FGT #WUICDG 9KGP 5 )CP\NGKPGP # /';'4 &KG /ÒP \GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT (COKNKG 'IIGPDGTI 0CEJFTWEM 5CCTDTÒEMGP FGT #WUICDG 9KGP 5 6HP $TQUEJWT
241$5<6 ) ¤UVGTTGKEJKUEJG /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG XQP FGP #PH·PIGP DKU )TC\ )CP\NGKPGP &C\W , %',0'- ¤UVGTTGKEJKUEJG WPICTKUEJG DÌJOKUEJG WPF UEJNGUKUEJG /ÒP\RT·IWPIGP X 9KGP Q , # X ).1$1%0+- )GUEJKEJVNKEJG ªDGTUKEJV FGU ¤UVGTTGKEJKUEJGP )GNF WPF /ÒP\YGUGPU 9KGP 2 #46*¨4 'XU\±OP¾NMÒNK OCI[CT FGP±TQM ¾U QDWNWUQM $WFC RGUV ) * 8'4# # 6ÌTÌMGNNGPGU *±DQTÐM 'ON¾M¾TOGK $WFCRGUV &C\W YGKVGTG 5EJTKH VGP 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWPFGP
.
&KG /ÒP\GP 5CN\DWTIU GTI·P\VG #WHNCIG $CUGN )TC\ FGT 'TUVCWHNCIG XQP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
4+<<1..+ * &KG 6KTQNGT /ÒP\RT·IWPIGP KP /GTCP $Q\GP 5 CWH FGP 5GKVGP FKG #DD CNNGT DGUEJTKGDGPGP /ÒP\GP $KDNKQVJGMU 5VGORGN -CTVQPKGTV
.
5%*¤08+50'4 5 %CVCNQIWU PWOQTWO *WPICTKCG CE 6TCPUKNXCPKCG 6GKNG 2GUV 8+ 5 5 5 #RRGPFKZ 2GUV :8++ 5 6HP +P $·PFGP KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP 4ÒEMGP VGKNYGKUG NQUG +P $CPF KUV CWH GKPGT 5GKVG GKP MNGKPGT 'KPTKUU
.
.
5GJT UGNVGPGU 9GTM 'Z NKDTKU &T 9QNHICPI X 9WT\DCEJ WPF JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGT $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM
.
6#00+%* - &KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT (ÒTUVGP \W 5EJYCT\GPDGTI 5& CWU 5EJYCT\GPDGTIK UEJGU ,CJTDWEJ $WFYGKU 5 6HP OKV #DD )CP\NGKPGP //#)
#WHNCIG OKV 'ZGORNCTGP
.
81).*7$'4 4 6CNGT WPF 5EJCWVCNGT FGU 'T\JCWUGU *CDUDWTI XQP 'T\JGT\QI 5KIKUOWPF X 6KTQN DKU -CKUGT (TCP\ ,QUGH + (TCPMHWTV C / 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
.
9+'0 - - *#726/ª0<#/6 -CVCNQI FGT /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 5VGORGN 5COONWPI FGU - - *CWRVOÒP\COVGU KP 9KGP $CPF 9KGP 8+++ +8 +8 8 5 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP +O $CPF UKPF FKG 6HP WPF FKG $GTKEJVKIWPIGP WPF 0CEJVT·IG \W FGP GTUVGP FTGK $·PFGP 6CHGNVGKN VGKNYGKUG UVQEMHNGEMKI
79
ITALIEN .
.
-CVCNQI FGT /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 5VGORGN 5COONWPI FGU - - *CWRVOÃ&#x2019;P\COVGU KP 9KGP $CPF 9KGP 8+++ +8 +8 8 5 5 6HP )CP\NGFGT +O $CPF UKPF FKG $GTKEJVKIWPIGP WPF 0CEJVT·IG \W FGP GTUVGP FTGK $·PFGP
<¤66. * 5CN\DWTI /Ã&#x2019;P\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $CPF WPF 5CN\DWTI 5 OKV HCTDKIGP 6HP WPF #DD -CTVQPKGTV
5KGIGT FGU #+20 $WEJRTGKUGU
+6#.+'0 .
$#.$+ &' %#41 5 *TUI + )QP\CIG /QPGVG #TVG 5VQTKC /KNCPQ 5 OKV \CJNTGK EJGP XKGNHCEJ HCTDKIGP #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
.
$'40#4&+ ) +N FWQEGPVQ C 6TKGUVG .G OQPGVG 6TKGUVG 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI 7OUEJNCI NGKEJV DGUEJ·FKIV 0T XQP 'ZGORNCTGP //#)
.
$'401%%*+ / .G OQPGVG FGNNC 4GRWDDNKEC (KQTGPVKPC 6GKN (NQTGP\ :::8+++ 5 6HP (TQPVKURK\ 5 EC 6HP .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI
.
$+)0166+ . .C <GEEC FK /CPVQC FCNNG 1TKIKPK EKTEC CNNC %JKWUWTC G %CUCNG /QPHGT TCVQ 2GT KN 2GTKQFQ FGNNC 5KIPQTKC )QP\CIJGUEC /CPVQXC 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF #
.
$470'66+ . 1RWU OQPGVCNG %KIQK 1 1 :::8++ 5 6HP .GKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQ ÂGP 6CHGNDN·VVGT VGKNYGKUG NQUG //#)
.
%+(('4+ 4 .C /QPGVC\KQPG FGK 6CTÃ&#x201A; F QTQ FGINK 5XGXK F +VCNKC +P %QNNCPC FK 5VWFK 0WOKUOCVKEK 8 4QO 5 OKV GKPKIGP #DD $NCWGU )CP\NGFGT OKV -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV UQYKG IQNFGPGP &GEMGN XGT\KGTWPIGP 4Ã&#x2019;EMGP CWUIGDNKEJGP
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ÂGP 'KP $CPF JCV GKPGP -PKEM KP FGT /KVVG
%14275 07//147/ +6#.+%147/ $CPF (QTPK 0CEJFTWEM $QNQIPC FGT #WU ICDG 4QO *CNDNGFGT ' &166+ 6CTKHHC FK OQPGVG OGFKQGXCNK G OQFGTPG +VCNKCPG UGEQPFQ N QTFKPG UGIWKVQ FCN %QTRWU 0WOOQTWO +VCNKEQTWO $·PFG 0& $QNQIPC FGT #WUICDG /KNCPQ +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP 6CTKHHC FK OQPGVG OGFKQGXCNK G OQFGTPG +VCNKCPG UGEQPFQ N QTFKPG UGIWKVQ FCN %QTRWU 0WOOQTWO +VCNKEQTWO 8QN KP (QVQMQRKG 5GKVGP OKV NGKEJVGT RKPMHCTDGPGT 8GTH·TDWPI
.
)#.'166+ # .G OQPGVG FGN ITCPFWECVQ FK 6QUECPC 0& $QNQIPC FGT #WUICDG .KXQTPQ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD .GKPGP
.
,'5747/ # %TQPKUVQTKC FGNNG 1UGNNG FK 8GPG\KC %QPUKFGTC\KQPK UWN XCNQTG CVVWCNG FGNNG 1UGNNG 8GPG \KCPG FK ) $GTPCTFK #WHNCIG 6TKGUV 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI HNGEMKI WPF GKPIGTKUUGP
/70610+ ( .G OQPGVG FGK RCRK G FGINK 5VCVK 2QPVKHKEK $·PFG 4QO :.8+++ 5 6HP 5 6HP 6HP 5 6HP 5 6HP 6HP 1TKI -WPUVNGFGT //#)
.
.
.
&KG )GUCOVCWHNCIG WOHCUUVG 'ZGORNCTG
.
.
.
80
1.+8+'4+ # /QPGVG G OGFCINKG FGINK 5RKPQNC FK 6CUUCTQNQ 4QPEQ 4QEECHQTVG #TSWCVC G 8GTICIPK EJG UGTDCPUK PGNNC 4 7PKXGTUKV¯ GF KP CNVTG EQNNG\KQPK FK )GPQXC )GPQXC -CTVG +: 5 6HP /QPGVG OGFCINKG G UKIKNNK FGK RTKPEKRK &QTKC EJG UGTDCPUK PGNNC DKDNKQVGEC FGNNC 4GIKC 7PKXGT UKV¯ GF KP CNVTG EQNNG\KQPK FK )GPQXC )GPQXC 8++ 5 6HP /QPGVG G UKIKNNK FGK RTKPEKRK %GPVWTKQPK 5EQVVK EJG UGTDCPUK PGNNC 4GIKC 7PKXGTUKV¯ GF KP #NVTG %QNNG\KQPK FK )GPQXC )GPQXC +8 5 6H +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP /KPKOCN DGUVQÂGP VGKNYGKUG UVQEMHNGEMKI //#)
2#)#0+ # /QPGVG KVCNKCPG FCNN KPXCUKQPG 0CRQNGQPKEC CK IKQTPK PQUVTK /KNCPQ 8+++ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD .GKPGP 2TQXG G RTQIGVVK FK OQPGVG KVCNKCPG Q DCVVWVG KP +VCNKC FCNN KPXCUKQPG HTCPEGUG CK IKQTPK PQUVTK /KNCPQ 8+++ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQÂGP &C\W YGKVGTG /QPQITCRJKGP WPF 2TGKUDÃ&#x2019;EJGT \WT KVCNKGPKUEJGP 0WOKUOC VKM
2#2#&121.+ 0 .G OQPGVG FK 8GPG\KC 6GZV WPF 6CHGNDCPF (QTPK 0CEJFTWEM $QNQIPC FGT 1TKIKPCNCWUICDG 8GPGFKI /CKNCPF : 5 5 (TQPVKURK\ 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #
POLEN, RUSSLAND, BALTIKUM .
4+0#.&+ 1 .G OQPGVG EQPKCVG KP +VCNKC FCNNC 4KXQNW\KQPG (TCPEGUG CK PQUVTK IKQTPK $CPF Q 1 :+++ 5 OKV #DD )CP\NGKPGP
.
41..# / (CUEKQ PWOKUOCVKEQ = ? UWNNG OQPGVG +VCNKCPG 6QTKPQ Q , 5 *CNDNGKPGP //#)
$GUKV\GTUVGORGN FGU #WVQTU
.
.
5+/10'66+ . /QPGVG KVCNKCPG OGFKQGXCNK G OQFGTPG $CPF %CUC 5CXQKC 6GKNG (KTGP\G 5 5 5 LGYGKNU OKV \CJNTGKEJGP VGKNU HCTDKIGP #DD )CP\MWPUVNGFGT KO 2CRRUEJW DGT //#) &C\W 4 $#4<#0 2TG\\CTKQ IGPGTCNG FGNNG OQPGVG FK ECUC 5CXQKC (KTGP\G 7PF FTGK YGKVGTG 2TGKUDÃ&#x2019;EJGT #
5.'218# 6 + -QNNGMEKLC OCPVWCPUMKEJ OQPGV X 'TOKVC\G .C EQNNG\KQPG FK OQPGVG /CPVQXCPG FGNNÅ&#x2030;'TOKVCIG /KNCPQ 5 $TQUEJKGTV
6GZV KP 4WUUKUEJ WPF +VCNKGPKUEJ
.
6*'/'55. , /Ã&#x2019;P\GP W /Ã&#x2019;P\YGUGP FGU 2CVTKCTEJGPUVCCVGU #SWKNGLC 9KGP 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
21.'0 4755.#0& $#.6+-7/ .
$4'--' $ ( #WMVKQP 9QTNF 9KFG %QKPU QH %CNKHQTPKC 5COONWPI $TGMMG 6GKN + +8 0T 6HP 2GVGT + 'NKUCDGVJ 0T 6HP 2GVGT +++ 2CWN + 0T 6HP #NGZCPFGT + 0KMQNCWU ++ 0TP DTQUEJKGTVG $·PFG LGYGKNU OKV '.
.
%*#7&1+4 $CTQP 5 FG #RGT¼W UWT NGU OQPPCKGU TWUUGU GV UWT NGU OQPPCKGU ¾VTCPI½TGU SWK QPV GW EQWTU GP 4WUUKG FGRWKU NGU VGORU RNWU TGEWN¾U LWUSW ¯ PQU LQWTU $·PFG WPF 6CHGNDCPF 5V 2GVGTU DWTI 2CTKU 8++ 5 :++ 5 5 6CDGNNGP 6HP 'KPJGKVNKEJ UEJYCT\G *CNDNGKPGPGKPD·PFG GKPG \WU·V\NKEJG #DD OKVGKPIGMNGDV GKPKIG $NGKUVKHVPQVK\GP NGKEJV UVQEMHNGEMKI 6CDGNNGP WPF HGJNGP //#)
.
#RGT¼W UWT NGU OQPPCKGU TWUUGU GV UWT NGU OQPPCKGU ¾VTCPI½TGU SWK QPV GW EQWTU GP 4WUUKG FGRWKU NGU VGORU RNWU TGEWN¾U LWUSW ¯ PQU LQWTU 6GZV WPF 6CHGNDCPF 0& )TC\ FGT #WUICDG 5V 2GVGTUDWTI 8++ 5 :++ 5 5 6HP .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI 7OUEJNCI OKV )GDTCWEJUURWTGP
(7%*5 #WMVKQPGP 5QVJGD[ U .QPFQPU 5COONWPI (WEJU 6GKN + 2GVGT FGT )TQÂG DKU -CVJCTKPC FKG )TQÂG 6GKN ++ 2CWN + DKU 0KMQNCWU ++ 6GKN +++ ,GHKOMK 6GKNHÃ&#x2019;TUVGPVÃ&#x2019;OGT .QVU 0QXQFGNU 0TP 6HP DTQUEJKGTVG -CVCNQIG OKV '.
.
982
.
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/KV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGT 9KFOWPI
.
5#%*55'0&#*. , 5KGIGN WPF /ÒP\GP FGT YGNVNKEJGP WPF IGKUVNKEJGP )GDKGVKIGT ÒDGT .KX 'UV WPF %WTNCPF DKU \WO ,CJTG PGDUV 5KGIGNP GKPJGKOKUEJGT )GUEJNGEJVGT 'UV WPF .KXN·PFKUEJG $TKGHNCFG 4GXCN :::++ 5 QJPG 6HP *CNDNGFGT UVCTM DGUVQGP 9CUUGTUEJCFGP CWH FGP NGV\VGP 5GKVGP $KPFWPI GVYCU NQEMGT
.
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.
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.
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.
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.
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.
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.
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.
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.
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*CPFUEJTKHVNKEJGT $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM ' $GEMGPDCWGT
.
.
82
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SKANDINAVIEN 5%*9'+< .+'%*6'056'+0 .
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&'/1.' ' 9#84' 9 *KUVQKTG OQP¾VCKTG FG 0GWEJ³VGN 2WDNKECVKQPU FG NC 5QEK¾V¾ F *KUVQKTG GV F #TEJ¾QNQIKG FW %CPVQP FG 0GWEJCVGN 0GWG (QNIG 0GWEJCVGN (TQPVKURK\ 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQGP //#)
. *'05'.'4 # 'UUCK UWT NGU OQPPCKGU F QT GV F CTIGPV FG (TKDQWTI (TKDQWTI 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP OKPKOCN UVQEMHNGEMKI 5 UKPF NQUG -NGKPGT 'KPTKUU CWH FGO 6KVGNDNCVV //#)
.
'KPGU XQP 'ZGORNCTGP /KV 5KIPCVWT FGU 8GTHCUUGTU
. *ª4.+/#00 * <ÒTEJGT /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG <ÒTKEJ 5 FCXQP \CJNTGKEJG 6HP .GKPGP //#)
. /+5510) # &KG /ÒP\GP FGU (ÒTUVGPJCWUGU .KGEJVGPUVGKP 0CEJFTWEM 8CFW\ FGT #WUICDG 9KGP :.8++ 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT
. 61$.'4 ' <·EJ $ 0755$#7/ 5 &KG /ÒP\RT·IWPI FGT 5VCFV 5V )CNNGP 5EJYGK\GT 5VWFKGP \WT 0WOKUOCVKM $CPF 5V )CNNGP 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WO UEJNCI
. 9+'.#0&6 ( 5EJCHHJCWUGT /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG 5EJCHHJCWUGP Q , = ? 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
. 5EJCHHJCWUGT /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG 5EJCHHJCWUGP Q , = ? 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
/KV 9KFOWPI FGU 8GTHCUUGTU
. /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG FGU 5VCPFGU 5EJY[\ 5EJY[\ 1JPG (TQPVKURK\ 5 6HP *CND MWPUVNGFGT //#)
. /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG FGU 5VCPFGU <WI <WI (CTDKIGU (TQPVKURK\ 5 /ÒP\VHP WPF \CJNTGKEJG $KNFGTVHP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
. /ÒP\ WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG FGU 5VCPFGU .W\GTP .W\GTP (TQPVKURK\ 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP
. 9+06'456'+0 % )QNFIWNFGP XQP $CUGN $CUGN 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP VGKNU HCTDKIGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI #
. &KG -NKRRGP FGT 5EJYGK\ 'KP PWOKUOCVKUEJGU 5RG\KCNIGDKGV $CUGN 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV
. -1081.76 -QPXQNWV XQP /QPQITCRJKGP WPF #WHU·V\GP W C XQP 4 810 #4: &KG /ÒP\IG UEJKEJVG FGU .CPFGU )NCTWU *KNVGTHKPIGP ' $ %#*0 &GT /ÒP\HWPF XQP /QQUUGGFQTH 5& CWU FGO ,CJTDWEJ FGU $GTPKUEJGP *KUVQTKEJGP /WUGWOU % .1*0'4 &KG /ÒP\GP FGT 4GRW DNKM $GTP <ÒTKEJ Q , 0CEJFTWEM 5EJYGK\GT /ÒP\MCVCNQIG WPF # )'+); *CNFGPUVGKP WPF 5EJCWGPUVGKP 4GKEJGPCW KPF KJTG /ÒP\RT·IWPI $CUGN 5& CWU 504 8+++ 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWP FGP * 4+66/#00 5EJYGK\GT /ÒP\GP WPF $CPMPQVGP
$GUKV\GTUVGORGN )KVVC -CUVPGT WPF JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGT $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM ' $GEMGPDCWGT
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. *#7$'4) 2 /[PVHQTJQNF QI 7VO[PVPKPIGT K &CPOCTM KPFVKN & -IN &CPUMG 8KFGPUM 5GNUM 5MT 4ºMMG JKUVQTKUM QI HKNQUQHKUM #HF 8 -QRGPJCIGP 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT OKV $ÒPFGP )CP\TQVUEJPKVV YGPKIG 6HP OKPKOCN UVQEMHNGEMKI CPUQPUVGP VCFGNNQU =/KV $GUKV\GTGVKMGVV WPF 6TQEMGPUVGORGN KO 8QTUCV\? //#) #VNCU QXGT &CPOCTMU /ÎPVGT EC -QRGPJCIGP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 4ÒEMGP NGKEJV DGUEJ·FKIV $NGKUVKHVPQVK\ CWH FGO 6KVGN
. *'&' * &CPOCTMU QI 0QTIGU /ÎPVGT -QRGPJCIGP :+8 5 .GKPGP
. 5NI *GFG 6GKN #WMVKQPGP $ 4CUOWUUGP -QRGPJCIGP $ #JNUVTÌO 5VQEMJQNO $TQUEJKGTV
. /#./'4 $ 1NQH 5MÌVMQPWPIU O[PV QEJ CPFTC 'VJGNTGF KOKVCVKQPGT #PVKMXCTKUMV CTMKX .WPF 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI OKPKOCN DGUVQGP 7PCWHIGUEJPKVVGP
. &GP UGPOGFGNVKFC RGPPKPIGP K 5XGTKIG .CVG OGFKGXCN RGPPKGU KP 5YGFGP -WPINKIC 8KVVGTJGVU *KUVQTKG QEJ #PVKMXKVGVU #MCFGOKGPU *CPFNKPICT #PVKMXCTKUMC 5GTKGP 5VQEMJQNO :8+++ 5 FCXQP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP //#)
83
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. /'0<+05-; * 'P 5VWFKG CX -CTN +: U /[PVJKUVQTKC $CPF -CRKVGN -KXKM 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD 5 OKV #DD 5 OKV #DD -CTVQPKGTV &GEMGN XQP $CPF NGKEJV DGUEJOWV\V
. 4#5/75510 0 . .#)'438+56 . 1 %QOOGPVCVKQPGU FG PWOOKU UCGEWNQTWO +: :+ KP 5WGEKC TGRGTVKU -WPINKIC 8KVVGTJGVU *KUVQTKG QEJ #PVKMXKVGVU #MCFGOKGPU *CPFNKPICT #PVKMXCTKUMC 5GTKGP $·PFG 5VQEMJQNO W C 8+++ 5 6HP 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQGP //#)
14+'06 +5.#/ ª$'45'' . #.4#/ / );5'.'0 4 5[NNQIG 0WOOQTWO 5CUCPKFCTWO 2CTKU $GTNKP 9KGP $CPF #T FCUJKT + 5JCRWT + ¤#&9 &GPMUEJTKHVGP RJKN JKUV -N 9KGP 5 FCXQP 6HP -CT VQPKGTV
. #467- + &GPK\DCEK FGHKPGUK 6ÒTM 6CTKJ -WTWOW ;C[KPNCTKPFCP #PMCTC :+8 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP //#)
. -CPWPÄ 5WNVCP 5ÒNG[OCP CFKPC DCUKNCP UKMMGNGT 6ÒTM 6CTKJ -WTWOW ;C[KPNCTKPFCP #PMCTC :8+ 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP //#)
. #467- + WPF % +UVCPDWN CTMGQNQLK OÒ\GNGTK VGUXJKTFGMK KUN³OÄ UKMMGNGT MCVCNQIW $·PFG +UVCPDWN .8+ 5 6HP +8 8++ 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 7OUEJNCI DG UEJOWV\V WPF DGUVQGP //#)
. $#.1) 2 6JG %QKPCIG QH VJG #[[ CPF #DKFU 405 5RGEKCN 2WDNKECVKQP .QPFQP :+++ 5 6HP -WPUVNGFGT //#)
. $'&17-+#0 2 < %QKPCIG QH %KNKEKCP #TOGPKC 00/ 0GY ;QTM :::+ 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
. %#56+).+10+ % 1 &GNNyWUQ EWK GTCPQ FGUVKPCVK K XGVTK EQP 'RKITCHK %WHKEJG G FGNNC QTKIKPG GUVGP UKQPG G FWTCVC FK GUUQ /KNCPQ 5 6HP -WPUVJCNDNGKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP 5VQEMHNGEMKI WPF GKPKIG #PUVTGKEJWPIGP KO 6GZV
. %11.' # $ %QKPU KP %JKPCyU JKUVQT[ 6KGPVUKP 8+ 5 OKV #DD 3WGTHQTOCV 1TKI )CP\ NGKPGP
. '&*'/ * /WU¾GU +OR¾TKCWZ 1VVQOCPU %CVCNQIWG FGU /QPPCKGU /WUWNOCPGU 6GKN /QPPCKGU 1VVQOCPGU $CPF 5WNVCP 1UOCP + 5WNVCP /QWTCF +++ %QPUVCPVKPQRNG 5 6HP /QFGT PGU )CP\NGKPGP //#)
. (#4#*$#-*5* * +TCPKCP *COOGTGF %QKPCIG #& #* 9GUV $GTNKP 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPOCN DGUVQGP #WH FGT GTUVGP 5GKVG KUV GKP MNGKPGT 'KP TKUU //#)
. )*#.+$ '&*'/ + 6CSWKOK /WUMWMCHK 5CNLWSK[C =/ÒP\GP FGT 4WO 5GNFUEJWMGP? -QPUVCPVKPQRGN #* 5 6HP 5EJÌPGT *CNDNGFGTDCPF OKV /CTOQTRCRKGT WPF )QNFRT·IWPI CWH FGO &GEMGN 5'.%7-.7 5+--'.'4+ //#)
. /WU¾G +OR¾TKCN 1VVQOCP 5GEVKQP FGU /QPPCKGU /WUWNOCPGU %CVCNQIWG FGU OQPPCKGU VWTEQOCPGU $GPK 1TVQM $GPK <GPIWK (TQW #VCDGS[¾J GV /GNKMU '[QWDKVGU FG /GK[CHCTKMKP (QTPK 0CEJFTWEM $QNQIPC Q , 'ZGORNCTG FGT #WUICDG %QPUVCPVKPQRNG :8++ 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
. )¤$. 4 5CUCPKFKUEJG 0WOKUOCVKM *CPFDÒEJGT FGT /KVVGNCUKCVKUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM $CPF $TCWP UEJYGKI 8++ 5 (CNVMCTVG 6CDGNNGP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. )¤$. 4 W C 0WOKUOCVKSWG 5WUKGPPG /QPPCKGU VTQWX¾GU C 5WUG FG C /¾OQKTGU FG NC OKUUKQP CTEJ¾QNQIKSWG GP +TCP 2CTKU 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
. *##5 , 5KCOGUG %QKPCIG 5JCPIJCK 5 OKV #DD )GJGHVGV OKV *CNDNGKPGPOCRRG 4ÒEMGP UVCTM CWUIGDNKEJGP
. *'+&'/#00 5 0'$'5 0 *TUI 5[NNQIG FGT /ÒP\GP FGU -CWMCUWU WPF 1UVGWTQRCU KO 1TKGPVC NKUEJGP /ÒP\MCDKPGVV ,GPC $GCTDGKVGV XQP 6QDKCU /C[GT /KV $GKVT·IGP XQP 5VGHCP *GKFGOCPP WPF )GTV 4KURNKPI 9KGUDCFGP ::++ 5 OKV 6HP $TQUEJKGTV
. .#0' 211.' 5 %CVCNQIWG QH VJG %QNNGEVKQP QH 1TKGPVCN %QKPU (CUEKEWNWU + %QKPU QH VJG #OCYK -JCNKHGJU *GTVHQTF 8+++ 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
WGTUV UGNVGP 6GZV KP CTCDKUEJGT 5RTCEJG
6GZV KP CTCDKUEJGT 5EJTKHV
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84
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. /#0&'. ' , %CUV %QKPCIG QH -QTGC 9KUEQPUKP 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI
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. /1%*+4+ / + 'VWFGU FG PWOKUOCVKSWG +TCPKGPPG UQWU NGU 5CUUCPKFGU $CPF 6GJGTCP 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP
. /155/#00 2 . /QPG[ QH VJG #OGTKECP %QNQPKGU CPF %QPHGFGTCVKQP 0WOKUOCVKE 5VWFKGU 0GY ;QTM 5 OKV #DD )CP\NGKPGP
. 0'9/#0 ' 2 $4'55'66 - ' 6JG HCPVCUVKE &QNNCT 9KUEQPUKP 5 OKV #DD -WPUVNGFGT
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. 2#47%- ( & , 5CUCPKCP %QKPU 0GY &GNJK :: 5 6HP WPF YGKVGTG 6HP FGT $CTVJQNQOCGK %QNNGEVKQP $GUEJTGKDWPI CWH FGP 5GKVGP *CNDNGKPGP
. 211.' 4 5 %CVCNQIWG QH +PFKCP %QKPU KP VJG $TKVKUJ /WUGWO 6JG /QIJWN 'ORGTQTU .QPFQP %.++ 5 6HP (CNVMCTVG 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP 'KPDCPF DGUVQGP VGKNYGKUG WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP 8QTUCV\DNCVV GVYCU GKPIGTKUUGP
&KG 1TKIKPCNCWUICDG KUV UGNVGP /KV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGP $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM
. 37+))+0 # * # 5WTXG[ QH 2TKOKVKXG /QPG[ 6JG $GIKPPKPIU QH %WTTGPE[ 0& 0GY ;QTM FGT #WUICDG .QPFQP (TQPVKURK\ ::++ 5 6HP (CNVMCTVGP .GKPGP //#)
. 4#;/10& 9 6JG IQNF EQKPU QH 0QTVJ CPF 5QWVJ #OGTKEC 0GY ;QTM 6JG UKNXGT FQNNCTU QH 0QTVJ CPF 5QWVJ #OGTKEC #WHNCIG 9KUEQPUKP %1(('' , / #VYQQFyU ECVCNQIWG QH 7PKVGF 5VCVGU CPF %CPCFKCP 6TCPURQTVCVKQP 6QMGPU #WHNCIG /CUUCEJWUGVVU &C\W MNGKPGTG 5EJTKHVGP \WT COGTKMCPKUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM
. 415' 1 %JKPGUKUEJG /ÒP\GP 9GTFGICPI FGU EJKPGUKUEJGP /ÒP\YGUGPU XQO RTKOKVKXUVGP 7TURTWPI DKU \WT )GIGPYCTV 6UKPIVCW 5 OKV #DD +P PGWGTGT <GKV HCFGPIGJGHVGV WPVGT 8GTYGPFWPI FGU 1TKIKPCN 'KPDCPFGU PCEJIGDWPFGP $GUKV\GTUVGORGN CWH 6KVGNUGKVG
. 5%*+0&'. 0 5[NNQIG 0WOOQTWO 5CUCPKFCTWO 2CTKU $GTNKP 9KGP $CPF 5JCRWT ++ -CYCNF + 4GIKGTWPI ¤#&9 &GPMUEJTKHVGP RJKN JKUV -N 9KGP 5 OKV #DD 5 FCXQP 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
. 5%166 - %QWPVGTHGKVKPI KP %QNQPKCN %QPPGEVKEWV 00/ 0GY ;QTM +: 5 6HP ' 2 0'9/#0 6JG 5GETGV QH VJG )QQF 5COCTKVCP 5JKNNKPI 5WRRNGOGPVGF YKVJ 0QVGU QP 1VJGT )G PWKPG CPF %QWPVGTHGKV /CUUCEJWUGVVU 5KNXGT %QKPU 00/ 0GY ;QTM :+ 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. 8#.'06+0' 9 * /QFGTP %QRRGT %QKPU QH VJG /WJCOOGFCP 5VCVGU QH 6WTMG[ 2GTUKC 'I[RV #HIJCPKUVCP /QTQEEQ 6TKRQNK 6WPKU GVE /CPWUMTKRVFTWEM .QPFQP (CTDMCTVG 5 FCXQP \CJNTGKEJG 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. 9#.-'4 , # %CVCNQIWG QH VJG /WJCOOCFCP %QKPU KP VJG $TKVKUJ /WUGWO =6GKN ? # %CVCNQIWG QH VJG #TCD 5CUUCPKCP %QKPU 7OCK[CF )QXGTPQTU KP VJG 'CUV #TCD 'RJVCNKVGU #DDCUKF )QXGTPQTU KP 6CDCTKUVCP CPF $WMJCTC 0CEJFTWEM 1ZHQTF FGT #WUICDG .QPFQP %.:+ 5 6HP .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI 7OUEJNCI KUV UVCTM DGUVQGP //#)
85
MEDAILLEN, PLAKETTEN . 9#.5* ' * 8'4/# 6 2 6JG %QKPCIG QH 0GRCN &GNJK 8CTCPCUK ::++ 5 6HP .GK PGP &C\W - )#$4+5%* )GNF CWU 6KDGV 5COONWPI &T -CTN )CDTKUEJ 5 FCXQP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. 9#0) ;ª %* ª#0 'CTN[ %JKPGUG %QKPCIG 00/ 0GY ;QTM 8+++ 5 OKV -CTVGP 6HP *CNDNGKPGP //#) &C\W YGKVGTG /QPQITCRJKGP WPF MNGKPG *GHVG \WT EJKPGUKUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM
. 9';. # &KG ,WNGU (QPTQDGTV UEJG 5COONWPI ÒDGTUGGKUEJGT /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 'KP $GKVTCI \WT /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG CWUUGTGWTQR·KUEJGT .·PFGT #OGTKMC 6GKNG $GTNKP Q , = ? 8+ 5 OKV 0TP 5 OKV 0TP 5 OKV 0TP LGYGKNU OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD '. DGK 6GKN WPF OKVGKPIGDWPFGP *CNDNGKPGP 2CRKGT YKG ÒDNKEJ GVYCU IGDT·WPV GKPKIG 5GKVGP TGUVCWTKGTV 5 HGJNGP =/KV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGP $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM? 8GT\GKEJPKUU XQP /ÒP\GP WPF &GPMOÒP\GP FGT 'TFVJGKNG #WUVTCNKGP #UKGP #HTKMC WPF XGTUEJKGFGPGT OQJCOOGFCPKUEJGT &[PC UVKGP FGT ,WNGU (QPTQDGTV UEJGP 5COONWPI YGNEJG CO ,CPWCT JKGTUGNDUV WPVGT OGKPGT .GKVWPI \WT ÌHHGPVNKEJGP 8GTUVGKIGTWPI IGNCPIGP $GTNKP +8 5 OKV 0TP 6HP *CNDNGKPGP DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG =/KV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGP $GUKV\GTXGTOGTMGP W C ' $GEMGPDCWGT? //#)
. <#/$#74 ' XQP &KG /ÒP\RT·IWPIGP FGU +UNCOU <GKVNKEJ WPF ÌTVNKEJ IGQTFPGV $CPF &GT 9G UVGP WPF 1UVGP DKU \WO +PFWU OKV U[PQRVKUEJGP 6CDGNNGP =OGJT PKEJV GTUEJKGPGP? 9KGUDCFGP (TQPVKURK\ 5 -NCRRVCDGNNGP .GKPGP //#)
/'&#+..'0 2.#-'66'0 . #.8#4'< 15514+1 ( %CV±NQIQ FG NCU OGFCNNCU FG NQU UKINQU :8 [ :8+ /CFTKF :+++ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQGP
. #0&4'95 # #WUVTCNCUKCP VQMGPU EQKPU 0CEJFTWEM 5[FPG[ FGT #WUICDG 5[FPG[ 5 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP 4ÒEMGP CWUIGDNKEJGP #
1063
. #40'6* , %CVCNQI FGT MCKUGTNKEJ MÌPKINKEJGP /GFCKNNGP 5V·ORGN 5COONWPI 9KGP 5 *CNDNGFGT //#)
$GUKV\GTUVGORGN (ÒTUVNKEJ 5VCTJGODGTIBUEJG (COKNKGP $KDNKQVJGM 5EJNQUU 'HGTFKPI
. $#$'.10 , .C O¾FCKNNG GV NGU O¾FCKNNGWTU %QNNGEVKQP N CTV GV NG IQÑV 2CTKU 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT OKV -QRHTQVUEJPKVV OKPKOCN UVQEMHNGEMKI
. $#461.166+ ( .C OGFCINKC CPPWCNG FGK 4QOCPK 2QPVGHKEK FC 2CQNQ 8 C 2CQNQ 8+ 4KOKPK ::++ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD .GKPGP //#)
5GJT UGNVGPGU 9GTM
. .G OGFCINKG RQPVKHKEKG FK OCUUKOQ OQFWNQ FC 2KQ +: C 2KQ :+ 4KOKPK 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD .GKPGP //#)
. $'.. 4 % 6TCFGUOGPBU 6KEMGVU CPF 2TKXCVG 6QMGPU 0GYECUVNG :++ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -WPUVNGFGT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
86
MEDAILLEN, PLAKETTEN . $'4)/#00 , /GFCKNNGP CWH DGTÒJOVG WPF CWUIG\GKEJPGVG /·PPGT FGU ÌUVGTTGKEJKUEJGP -CKUGTUVCC VGU XQO :8+ DKU \WO :+: ,CJTJWPFGTV $·PFG 9KGP : 5 8+++ 5 6HP +P GK PGO $CPF IGDWPFGP .GKPGP OKV 2T·IGFTWEM 6GKNYGKUG UVQEMHNGEMKI //#)
. $'40*#46 / &KG $KNFPKUOGFCKNNGP -CTNU FGU (ÒPHVGP /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP /QFGTPGU )CP\NGKPGP 6CFGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI FKGUGU UGJT UGNVGPGP 9GTMGU //#)
$GUKV\GTUVGORGN &T ( : 9GK\KPIGT %Q
. &KG 2NCMGVVGPUCOONWPI #NHTGF 9CNEJGT 4KVVGT XQP /QNVJGKO 9KGP +VCNKGPKUEJG URCPKUEJG FGWVUEJG PKGFGTN·PFKUEJG HTCP\ÌUKUEJG #TDGKVGP FGU ,CJTJ 8GTUVGKIGTWPI KP FGT )CNGTKG *WIQ *GNDKPI /ÒPEJGP 5 OKV 0TP 6HP .GKPGP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG WPF 0QVK\GP //#)
. #WIUDWTIU /GFCKNNGWTG WPF $KNFPKUUG #WIUDWTIGT -WPUVJCPFYGTMGT CWH 5EJCWOÒP\GP FGU ,J 5& CWU /$0) 5 OKV #DD 6HP *CNDNGFGT PGWYGTVKI
. $1.<'06*#. * 5MK\\GP \WT -WPUVIGUEJKEJVG FGT OQFGTPGP /GFCKNNGP #TDGKV $GTNKP +8 5 6HP :+ *CNDRGTICOGPV OKPKOCN DGUVQGP 6GKNYGKUG UVQEMHNGEMKI //#)
. $4#/5'0 . /¾FCKNNKGT 0CRQN¾QP NG )TCPF QW FGUETKRVKQP FGU O¾FCKNNGU ENKEJ¾U TGRQWUU¾U GV O¾FCKNNGU F¾EQTCVKQPU TGNCVKXGU CWZ CHHCKTGU FG NC (TCPEG RGPFCPV NG EQPUWNCV GV N GORKTG 6GKNG 2C TKU -QRGPJCIGP : ::: 5 +8 ::8+++ 5 ::+: 5 +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP UGJT IWVG 'TJCNVWPI //#)
. $4#70 ' 9 &KG FGWVUEJGP 4GPCKUUCPEGRNCMGVVGP FGT 5COONWPI #NHTGF 4KVVGT XQP /QNVJGKO KP 9KGP 9KGP 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP 6GZVCDD 1TKI $TQUEJWT 6HP KP (CNVOCRRG
. $4190 . $TKVKUJ *KUVQTKECN /GFCNU $·PFG .QPFQP ::8+ 5 ::+8 5 :::+ 5 LGYGKNU OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI //#)
1076
. %1%*4#0 2#64+%- 4 9 %CVCNQIWG QH OGFCNU QH 5EQVNCPF HTQO VJG GCTNKGUV RGTKQF VQ VJG RTGUGPV VKOG 'FKPDWTIJ 8+++ 5 6HP DÒPFKIGT *CNDNGFGTGKPDCPF -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV VCFGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI #
5GJT UGNVGPGU 9GTM XQP FGO PWT 'ZGORNCTG IGFTWEMV YWTFGP $GK FGO XQTNKGIGPFGP 'ZGORNCT JCPFGNV GU UKEJ WO 0T
. %1..+)010 , 2 .C OGFCKNNG HTCP¼CKUG CW :+:G UKGENG GV NyJKUVQKTG 2TGHCEG FG 2#64+%' %#*#46 1 1 5 6HP 1TKI -CTVQP 4ÒEMGP OKV -NGDGD·PFGT DGHGUVKIV 'ZGORNCT 0T XQP ( 2#)' &+81 , 2 &+81 /GFCKNNGU FG 0CRQNGQP +++ <ÒTKEJ 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV . WPF , <GKV\ 0CRQNGQPU /GFCKNNGP 2GVGTUDGTI 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP ITÌVGPVGKNU HCTDKIGP #DD WPF (CTDVHP -CTVQPKGTV
. &'765%*' )'5'..5%*#(6 (ª4 /'&#+..'0-7056 $CPF &KG -WPUVOGFCKNNG KP &GWVUEJNCPF $GTNKP $CPF + ++ -NCW , &KG /GFCKNNGPUCOONWPI )QGVJGU $GTNKP $CPF &KG /GFCKNNG WPF )GFGPMOÒP\G FGU ,CJTJWPFGTVU KP &GWVUEJNCPF $GTNKP $CPF &GVJNGHU ) 5VGIWYGKV 9 )GNF-WPUV -WPUV)GNF &GWVUEJG )GFGPMOÒP\GP UGKV )GUVCNVWPI WPF )GUVCNVGT $GTNKP &C\W GKPKIG -CVCNQIG WPF #WHU·V\G \WT /GFCKNNGPMWPFG 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWPFGP
87
MEDAILLEN, PLAKETTEN
1079
. &+81 , 2 ( 2#)' &+81 , 2 &+81 /GFCKNNGU FG 0CRQNGQP +++ <ÒTKEJ 5 OKV XKGNGP VGKNU HCTDKIGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF =/KV 9KFOWPI (ÒT (TKV\ $GPFKI KP 'TKPPGTWPI CP =FKG? IWVGP CNVGP NWUVKIGP 6CIG <ÒTKEJ 9GKJPCEJVGP XQP , 2CWN &KXQ ?
. &1/#0+) - 2QTVT·VOGFCKNNGP FGU 'T\JCWUGU ¤UVGTTGKEJ XQP -CKUGT (TKGFTKEJ +++ DKU -CKUGT (TCP\ ++ CWU FGT /GFCKNNGPUCOONWPI FGU CNNGTJÌEJUVGP -CKUGTJCWUGU 9KGP 8++ 5 6HP (QNKQ *CNDNGKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP //#)
. &KG FGWVUEJG /GFCKNNG KP MWPUV WPF MWNVWTJKUVQTKUEJGT *KPUKEJV PCEJ FGO $GUVCPFG FGT /GFCKNNGP UCOONWPI FGU CNNGTJÌEJUVGP -CKUGTJCWUGU 9KGP 8 8+++ 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT OKV 4ÒEMGP XGTIQNFWPI -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV MNGKPG 9CUUGTHNGEMGP WPVGP CWH FGO 'KPDCPF 4ÒEMGP NGKEJV CWUIGDNKEJGP 6GZV WPF 6CHGNVGKN VCFGNNQU $KDNKQVJGMUUVGORGN +P FGO $CPF YGTFGP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP CWUHÒJTNKEJUV DGUEJTKGDGP CPIGHCPIGP XQP FGP GTUVGP )WNFGPITQ
UEJGP DKU \WO 'PFG FGU ,CJTJWPFGTVU OKV UGJT FGVCKNNKGTVGO 4GIKUVGT PCEJ 2GTUQPGP 1TVGP +PJCNVGP WPF FGP /GFCKNNGWTGP
1082
. '+&.+6< 4 , /GFCNU CPF /GFCNNKQPU 4GNCVKPI VQ #TEJKVGEVU 0GY ;QTM :::8 5 6HP (QNKQ )CP\NGKPGP OKV )QNFRT·IWPI -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF FKGUGU UGJT UGNVGPGP 9GTMU //#)
. ('7#4&'06 ( ,GVQPU GV O¾TGCWZ FGRWKU .QWKU +: LWUSW C NC HKP FW %QPUWNCV FG $QPCRCTVG $·PFG 2CTKU .QPFQP :8+ 5 5 5 5 ::++ 6HP $TQUEJKGTV //#)
88
MEDAILLEN, PLAKETTEN
1084
. (144'4 . $KQITCRJKECN &KEVKQPCT[ QH /GFCNNKUVU $·PFG 0CEJFTWEM 9GVVGTGP Q , FGT #WUICDG .QPFQP (TQPVKURK\ :.8+++ 5 (TQPVKURK\ 8+ 5 (TQPVKURK\ 5 (TQPVKURK\ 5 (TQPVKURK\ 5 (TQPVKURK\ 8+++ 5 5 5 CNNG OKV #DD 'KPJGKVNKEJGU )CP\ NGKPGP #
7PXGT\KEJVDCTGT 9GTV HÒT FKG PWOKUOCVKUEJG $GCTDGKVWPI XQP /GFCKNNGP
. (4'&' . &CU MNCUUKUEJG 9GKOCT KP /GFCKNNGP 9GKOCTGT $GKVT·IG \WT -WPUV 9GKOCT 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP OKV IGRT·IVGT &GEMGNXGT\KGTWPI 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI #
. (4+'&.#'0&'4 , &KG KVCNKGPKUEJGP 5EJCWOÒP\GP FGU HÒPH\GJPVGP ,CJTJWPFGTVU 'KP $GKVTCI \WT -WPUVIGUEJKEJVG $GTNKP 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT VGKNYGKUG UVQEMHNGEMKI
. )'$*#4&6 - #NQKU $ÌTUEJ -ÌPKINKEJ DC[GTKUEJGT /ÒP\ WPF *QHOGFCKNNGWT /ÒPEJGP :8+ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV
. )416'/';'4 2 (ÒJTGT FWTEJ FKG UVCCVNKEJG /ÒP\UCOONWPI KP /ÒPEJGP /GFCKNNGP /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT PGWYGTVKI
. (TCP\ #PFTGC 5EJGIC /ÒP\UVGORGNUEJPGKFGT WPF /GFCKNNGWT CP FGT MWTHÒTUVNKEJGP /ÒP\G \W /ÒPEJGP /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP -WPUVNGFGT &C\W DTQUEJ 5& OKV 6HP CWU FGO ,0) WPF XQP ' $GEMGPDCWGT \W ( # 5EJGIC 0CEJVT·IG 9CEJUCTDGKVGP #
. *#$+%* ) &KG FGWVUEJGP /GFCKNNGWTG FGU :8+ ,CJTJWPFGTVU *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG 6GZVDCPF :: 5 OKV #DD 6CHGNDCPF 6HP <YGK )CP\NGKPGPD·PFG //#)
. &KG FGWVUEJGP /GFCKNNGWTG FGU :8+ ,CJTJWPFGTVU *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG :: 5 6HP )CP\ NGKPGP //#)
. &KG /GFCKNNGP FGT KVCNKGPKUEJGP 4GPCKUUCPEG 5VWVVICTV $GTNKP :++ 5 6HP (QNKQ )TÒPGU )CP\NGFGT OKV -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV WPF IQNFGPGP &GEMGNXGT\KGTWPIGP CWUIGDNKEJGPGT 4ÒEMGP CPUQPUVGP CWUIG\GKEJPGV GTJCNVGP //#)
. *#)'0 7 &KG 9CNNHCJTVUOGFCKNNGP FGU 4JGKPNCPFGU KP )GUEJKEJVG WPF 8QNMUNGDGP 9GTMGP WPF 9QJPGP -ÌNP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
. *#*0 ' ,CMQD 5VCORHGT )QNFUEJOKGF /GFCKNNGWT WPF 5VGORGNUEJPGKFGT XQP <ÒTKEJ /KVVGKNWPIGP FGT #PVKSWCTKUEJGP )GUGNNUEJCHV KP <ÒTKEJ (TQPVKURK\ 5 OKV #DD 6HP (CNVUVCOOVH 1TKI $TQUEJWT $KPFWPI NÌUV UKEJ //#)
. *#46/#00 (4#0<'05*7.& ' ' XQP &GWVUEJG 2GTUQPGP /GFCKNNGP FGU :8+ ,CJTJWPFGTVU PCOGPVNKEJ GKPKIGT 9KGPGT )GUEJNGEJVGT #WU\WI CWU #TEJKX HÒT ÌUVGTTGKEJKUEJG )GUEJKEJVG
9KGP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP 6CHGNP WPF YGPKIG 5GKVGP HNGEMKI #
89
MEDAILLEN, PLAKETTEN . *#75'4 , &KG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT KO ,CJTG IGITÒPFGVGP UGKV *CWRV WPF 4GUK FGP\UVCFV /ÒPEJGP OKV 'KPTGKJWPI LGPGT 5VÒEMG YGNEJG JKGTCWH $G\WI JCDGP /ÒPEJGP :::++ 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT FGT <GKV OKV )CP\TQVUEJPKVV XGTGKP\GNPF $NGKUVKHVOCTMKGTWPIGP KO 6GZV //#)
. *'+55 # .GU O¾FCKNNGWTU FG NC TGPCKUUCPEG 6GKN +++ 8 2CTKU 5 6HP 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 6GKNYGKUG UVQEMHNGEMKI WPF WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP
. *'00+0 / *KUVQKTG PWOKUOCVKSWG FG NC 4¾XQNWVKQP (TCP¼CKUG QW FGUETKRVKQP TCKUQPP¾G FGU O¾FCKNNGU OQPPCKGU GV CWVTGU OQPWOGPU PWOKUOCVKSWGU TGNCVKHU CWZ CHHCKTGU FG NC (TCPEG FGRWKU NyQWXGTVWTG FGU 'VCVU )¾P¾TCWZ LWUSW C N ¾VCDNKUUGOGPV FW )QWXGTPGOGPV %QPUWNCKTG 0CEJFTWEM Q , /CCUVTKEJV FGT #WUICDG 2CTKU :: 5 6HP +P \YGK $·PFGP KP )CP\MWPUVNGFGT IGDWPFGP #
. *+.. ) ( 21..#4& ) 4GPCKUUCPEG /GFCNU HTQO VJG 5COWGN * -TGUU %QNNGEVKQP CV VJG 0CVKQPCN )CNNGT[ QH #TV .QPFQP : 5 \CJNTGKEJG 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. 4GPCKUUCPEG /GFCNU HTQO VJG 5COWGN * -TGUU %QNNGEVKQP CV VJG 0CVKQPCN )CNNGT[ QH #TV .QPFQP : 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJG 6HP )CP\NGKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI //#) &C\W GKPKIG MNGKPG /Q PQITCRJKGP XQP $#&+5%*'5 .#0&/75'7/ (#$4+%<; . 8 )1.&5%*0'+&'4 .
*I )416'/';'4 2 241$5<6 ) .WFYKI 0GWHCJTGT
. *+.. ) ( 4+%%+ 5 FG 6JG )WUVCX &TG[HWU %QNNGEVKQP 4GPCKUUCPEG /GFCNU +PUIGUCOV /G FCKNNGP CWUHÒJTNKEJ DGUEJTKGDGP WPF CDIGDKNFGV 4GKEJG 5GTKGP KVCNKGPKUEJGT WPF FGWVUEJGT 4GPCKUUCPEG /GFCKNNGP 1ZHQTF :++ 5 6HP (QNKQ )CP\NGKPGP 'KPG FGT DGTÒJOVGUVGP /GFCKNNGP 5COONWPIGP CNNGT <GKVGP JGWVG KP FGT 0CVKQPCN )CNNGT[ QH #TV WUUGTUV UGNVGP CPIGDQVGP
1102
1106
. *1.</#+4 $ -CVCNQI FGT 5COONWPI &T ,QUGH $TGVVCWGT /GFKEKPC KP 0WOOKU 9KGP (TQP VKURK\ :8+ 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
. -CVCNQI FGT 5COONWPI &T ,QUGH $TGVVCWGT /GFKEKPC KP 0WOOKU 9KGP (TQPVKURK\ :8+ 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
*CPFUEJTKHVNKEJGT $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM ' $GEMGPDCWGT
. -#6< 8 &KG GT\IGDKTIKUEJG 2T·IGOGFCKNNG FGU :8+ ,CJTJWPFGTVU 0& )ÒVGTUNQJ FGT #WUICDG 2TCI 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
+O 8QTUCV\ DGHKPFGV UKEJ GKP GZ NKDTKU XQP 4QDGTV 5EJQPYCNVGT
. -'00'4 ( .GQPG .GQPKBU /GFCKNNGP HÒT FGP MCKUGTNKEJGP *QH 5GRCTCVC CWU ,CJTDWEJ FGT -WPUVJK UVQTKUEJGP 5COONWPIGP FGU #NNGTJÌEJUVGP -CKUGTJCWUGU $F 9KGP 5 6HP WPF #DD KO 6GZV -CTVQPKGTV 'TUVG 5GKVG TGUVCWTKGTV
. -+'0#56 ) 9 6JG /GFCNU QH -CTN )QGV\ %NGXGNCPF 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP OKV )QNFRT·IWPI
. -1'0+) # 56#.<'4 ( 4GEJGPRHGPPKIG $CPF 0ÒTPDGTI 5KIPKGTVG WPF \WYGKUDCTG )GRT·IG .KGHGTWPI &KG (COKNKGP 5EJWNVGU -QEJ WPF -TCWYKPEMGN -CVCNQIG FGT 5VCCVNKEJGP /ÒP\UCOONWPI /ÒPEJGP /ÒPEJGP 8+++ 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT PGWYGTVKI //#)
. -¤0+).+%*' /75''0 <7 $'4.+0 5EJCWOÒP\GP FGU *CWUGU *QJGP\QNNGTP $GTNKP : 5 OKV #DD 6HP VGKNYGKUG HCTDKI (QNKQ 1TKIKPCNICP\NGKPGP 'KPDCPF UEJOWV\KI &GEMGN OKV /GFCKNNQPRT·IWPI GVYCU DGUVQGP WPF 4ÒEMGP FGHGMV
90
MEDAILLEN, PLAKETTEN
1109
. .#/#5 # /GFCNJCU RQTVWIWGUCU G GUVTCPIGKTCU C 2QTVWICN 6GKN /GFCNJCU %QOGOQTCVKXCU .KUDQC .:::8+ 5 6HP 2TCEJVXQNNGT UEJYCT\GT *CNDNGFGTDCPF $ÒPFGP WPF IQNF 4ÒEMGPVKVGN . .#00# (TGKJGTT # XQP #WMVKQP 4 .GRMG 5COONWPI FGU (TGKJGTTP #FCNDGTV XQP .CPPC 2TCI 6GKN $GTNKP 5 OKV 0TP 6HP (QNKQ -CTVQPKGTV 'KPDCPF OKPKOCN DGUEJ·FKIV 6GKN WOHCV FKG DGTÒJOVG 5COONWPI XQP /GFCKNNGP WPF /ÒP\GP
. #WMVKQP 4 .GRMG 5COONWPI FGU (TGKJGTTP #FCNDGTV XQP .CPPC 2TCI 6GKN $GTNKP 5 OKV 0TP 6HP (QNKQ /KV 'TIGDPKUNKUVG -CTVQPKGTV DGUVQGP
. .¤$$'%-' # #WMVKQP , *KTUEJ 0T 5COONWPI #TVJWT .ÌDDGEMG $TCWPUEJYGKI -WPUVOGFCKN NGP WPF 2NCMGVVGP FGU :8 DKU :8++ ,CJTJWPFGTVU /ÒPEJGP 5 OKV 0TP 6HP *CNDNGFGT VCFGNNQU GTJCNVGP -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV //#)
5GJT UGNVGP 'Z NKDTKU .CYTGPEG #NDGTV $TQYP
. .17$#6 , ( 6JG /GFCNNKE *KUVQT[ QH VJG 7PKVGF 5VCVGU QH #OGTKEC 6GZV WPF 6CHGNDCPF 0GY ;QTM .:+: 5 5 4G\GPUKQPGP :8+ 6HP (QNKQ *CNDNGKPGP Z )CP\NGKPGP
Z -QRHIQNFUEJPKVVG 'KPD·PF OKV PWT YGPKIGP )GDTCWEJUURWTGP +PJCNV ITÌVGPVGKNU VCFGNNQU #
. /#46+0+ 4 %CVCNQIQ FGNNG OGFCINKG FGNNG %KXKEJG 4CEEQNVG 0WOKUOCVKEJG 8+ 5GEQNQ :: $CPF 4GIPQ &B+VCNKC 8KVVQTKQ 'OCPWGNG +++ /KNCPQ ::+++ 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
. /#7' * 5GDCUVKCP &CFNGT /GFCKNNGP KO &TGKKIL·JTKIGP -TKGI 0ÒTPDGTI 5 OKV #DD )CP\NGKPGP
. /';'4 974/$#%* ' -ÌNPGT <GKEJGP WPF 2HGPPKIG \W 'JTGP FGT *GKNKIGP &TGK -ÌPKIG #WU GKPGT <GKVUEJTKHV -ÌNP 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. /ª056'4'4 * 1 #OWNGVVMTGW\G WPF -TGW\COWNGVVG 5VWFKGP \WT TGNKIKÌUGP 8QNMUMWPFG 4GIGPU DWTI 5 OKV #DD WPF 6HP CWH FGP 5GKVGP -CTVQPKGTV )GRT·IVGU 'Z NKDTKU CWH 8QT UCV\
. 1.&+0) / &KG /GFCKNNGP CWH (TKGFTKEJ FGP )TQGP XQP 2TGWGP DKU 4GIGPUVCWH 2QTVTCKVVH 5 OKV #DD )CP\NGKPGP
. 155$#*4 % # /[PV QEJ OGFCNLGT UNCIPC HÌT HT·OOCPFG OCMVGT K CPNGFPKPI CX MTKI OQV 5XGTKIG 6KNN·II VKNN $ ' *KNFGDTCPFU 5XGTKIGU QEJ 5XGPUMC MQPWPICJWUGVU OKPPGURGPPKPICT RTCMVO[PV QEJ DGNÌPKPIUOGFCNLGT 7RRUCNC 5 6HP )TÒPGU *CNDNGFGT KP $ÒPFGP YGPKIG 5GKVGP NQUG //#)
. 2#%*+0)'4 # / 9CNNHCJTVU $TWFGTUEJCHVU WPF )PCFGPOGFCKNNGP FGU *GT\QIVWOU 5CN\DWTI 0CEJFTWEM 9KGP FGT #WUICDG 9KGP CWH -WPUVFTWEMRCRKGT OKV IWVGP #DD :+++ 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT //#)
. 2#%*+0)'4 # / (4+'5'0'))'4 , / #DJCPFNWPIGP ÒDGT 9CNNHCJTVUOGFCKNNGP WPF 7NTKEJU MTGW\G 5& CWU /$0) 0& 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP PGWYGTVKI
91
MEDAILLEN, PLAKETTEN
1123
1124
. 2'75 $ 5EJNGUKUEJG 9CNNHCJTVUOGFCKNNGP XQT #WU GKPGT <GKVUEJTKHV QJPG 1TV WPF QJPG ,CJT WO 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2GWU 9CNNHCJTVUOG FCKNNGP FGU FGWVUEJGP 5RTCEJIGDKGVGU 0TP 6HP '. *CNDNGKPGP
. 2.10 ' $GPXGPWVQ %GNNKPK 1TH¾XTG /GFCKNNGWT GV 5EWNRVGWT 2CTKU 5 6HP 2TCEJVXQNNGT *CNDNGFGTDCPF OKV IQNF 4ÒEMGPRT·IWPI
. .GQPG .GQPK GV 2QORGQ .GQPK 2CTKU +8 5 6HP 2TCEJVXQNNGT UEJYCT\GT *CNDNGFGTDCPF OKV GKPIGNGIVGO /GFCKNNQP $ÒPFGP WPF IQNF 4ÒEMGPVKVGN
. 210%'6 ' 4GEJGTEJGU UWT NGU LGVQPU EQUWNCKTGU FG NC XKNNG FG .[QP 0WOKUOCVKSWG .[QPPCKUG .[QP 2CTKU :++ 5 6HP *CNDNGFGTGKPDCPF OKV $ÒPFGP VCFGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI $GKIGDWP FGP . %*#6+..10 ,GVQPU EQPUWNCKTGU FG NC XKNNG FG .[QP #FFKVKQP CWZ TGEJGTEJGU FW &T 2QPEGV .[QP 2CTKU 5 6H FKG 6H KUV \WU·V\NKEJ CNU IGFTWEMVG (QVQITCHKG OKVGKPIGDWPFGP #
. 241$5<6 1*5614(( ) &KG -·TPVPGT /GFCKNNGP #D\GKEJGP WPF 'JTGP\GKEJGP $WEJTGKJG FGU .CPFGUOWUGWOU HÒT -·TPVGP -NCIGPHWTV 5 6HP .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI //#)
. 241-+5%* $ &KG 4CKVRHGPPKIRT·IWPI KP FGP ÌUVGTTGKEJKUEJGP 'TDN·PFGTP 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP FGU +PUVKVWVGU HÒT 0WOKUOCVKM WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG $CPF 9KGP 6GKNG 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD 5VGORGNITCRJGP .GKPGP $GKDCPF IGJGHVGV
. 4#%<;05-+ ' )CDKPGV /GFCNÉY 2QNUMKEJ 1TC\ 6[EJ -VÉTG 5KG &\KGLÉY 2QNUMK 6[E\C 2QE\CYU\[ QF 0CLFCYPK¾LU\[EJ C\ FQ -QPEC 2CPQYCPKC ,CPC +++ 6GKN + ++ $GTNKP .:8++ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP -WRHGTUVKEJVHP 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP -WRHGTUVKEJVHP 2CRRD·PFG OKPKOCN DGUVQGP 'VYCU UVQEMHNGEMKI
. 4+%*6'4 # &KG PWOKUOCVKUEJGP &GPM\GKEJGP CWH FKG 4GIKGTWPIULWDKN·GP -CKUGT (TCP\ ,QUGRJ + 9KGP 8+ 5 6HP /QFGTPGU *CNDNGFGT
/KV 9KFOWPI FGU 8GTHCUUGTU
. 4+%*6'4 , &KG 5EJÒV\GPVCNGT WPF 5EJÒV\GPOGFCKNNGP FGT 5EJYGK\ 4GIGPUVCWH 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP HCTDKIGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV &KG 5EJÒV\GPLGVQPU FGT 5EJYGK\ 4GIGPUVCWH 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP HCTDKIGP 6GZVCDD -CTVQPKGTV
. 417;'4 , *7%*'4 ' *KUVQKTG FW LGVQP CW OQ[GP CIG $CPF =CNNG GTUEJKGPGPGP? 2CTKU 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT #
. 5#..'6 # XQP &KG /GFCKNNGP #NDTGEJV &ÒTGTU $GTNKP Q , 5& CWU FGT <GKVUEJTKHV <H0 ++ 5 6HP 7PVGTUWEJWPIGP ÒDGT #NDTGEJV &ÒTGT $GTNKP 5 OKV \YGK *QN\UEJPKVVGP =$GUKV\GTXGTOGTM # 4KGEJOCPP %Q ? +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. 5#7.%; . ( , % FG 5QWXGPKTU PWOKUOCVKSWGU FG NC 4GXQNWVKQP FG 4GEWGKN EQORNGV FGU O¾FCKNNGU OQPPCKGU GV LGVQPU SWK QPV RCTW GP (TCPEG FGRWKU NG (¾XTKGT LWUSW CW &¾EGODTG 2CTKU 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP RTCEJVXQNNGT HTCP\ÌUKUEJGT 'KPDCPF OKV IQNFGPGT &GEMGNRT·IWPI WPF )CP\IQNFUEJPKVV 4ÒEMGP OKV NGKEJVGP )GDTCWEJUURWTGP YGPKIG 0QVK\GP CWH FGP GTUVGP 5GKVGP #
5GNVGPG 1TKIKPCNCWUICDG +O 8QTUCV\ DGHKPFGV UKEJ GKP $GUKV\GTGVVKMGVV
92
MEDAILLEN, PLAKETTEN . 5%*'4 5 - 6JG %WTTGPE[ QH (COG 2QTVTCKV /GFCNU QH VJG 4GPCKUUCPEG 0GY ;QTM (TQPVKURK\ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP XKGNHCEJ HCTDKIGP #DD WPF 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
. 5'4(#5 * *CDUDWTIU 7PKXGTUKV·VGP *QEJUEJWNGP WPF #MCFGOKGP WPF FGTGP 0CEJHQNIGT CWH /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP =9KGP? 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD (CNVMCTVG -CTVQPKGTV
. 5/1.&'4'0 . .C /¾FCKNNG GP $GNIKSWG FGU QTKIKPGU ¯ PQU LQWTU 9GVVGTGP 5 FCTWPVGT \CJNTGKEJG 6HP .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI
. 64'514 &' 07/+5/#6+37' '6 &' ).;26+37' 5EGCWZ FGU TQKU GV TGKPGU FG (TCPEG 2CTKU 5 6HP (QNKQ *CNDNGFGT UVQEMHNGEMKI NGKEJV DGUVQGP -NGKPGT 9CUUGTTCPF #
5GNVGPGU 9GTM OKV UEJÌPGP +NNWUVTCVKQPGP
. /¾FCKNNGU EQWN¾GU GV EKUGN¾GU GP +VCNKG CWZ :8G GV :8+G UK½ENG 2CTKU 5 6HP 5 6HP (QNKQ *CNDNGFGT VGKNYGKUG UVQEMHNGEMKI NGKEJV DGUVQGP
5GNVGPGU 9GTM OKV UEJÌPGP +NNWUVTCVKQPGP /KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN
. $CU TGNKGHU FG NC HTKUG FW 2CTVJ¾PQP GV FW VGORNG FG 2JKICNKG 2CTKU 5 6HP (QNKQ *CNDNG FGT UVQEMHNGEMKI GVYCU DGUVQGP #
5GNVGPGU 9GTM OKV UEJÌPGP +NNWUVTCVKQPGP
. /¾FCKNNGU FG NC T¾XQNWVKQP HTCPECKUG FGRWKU N QWXGTVWTG FGU 'VCVU )¾P¾TCWZ OCK LWUSW ¯ NC 2TQENCOCVKQP FG N 'ORKTG OCK 2CTKU 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT URQTCFKUEJG 5VQEM HNGEMGP DGUVQGP 6GKNYGKUG 9CUUGTTCPF WPF 9CUUGTHNGEMGP //#)
5GNVGPGU 9GTM OKV UEJÌPGP +NNWUVTCVKQPGP
. 4GEWGKN I¾P¾TCN FG DCU TGNKGHU GV FyQTPGOGPU QW O¾NCPIGU V[RQIN[RVKSWGU 2CTKU 5 6HP (QNKQ *CNDNGFGT UVQEMHNGEMKI OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
5GNVGPGU 9GTM OKV UEJÌPGP +NNWUVTCVKQPGP
. 5EGCWZ FGU ITCPFU HGWFCVCKTGU FG NC EQWTQPPG FG (TCPEG 2CTKU 5 6HP (QNKQ *CNDNGFGT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP 6GZVVGKN UVQEMHNGEMKI 6CHGNVGKN OKPKOCN UVQEMHNGEMKI #
5GNVGPGU 9GTM OKV UEJÌPGP +NNWUVTCVKQPGP
. 5EGCWZ FGU ITCPFU HGWFCVCKTGU FG NC EQWTQPPG FG (TCPEG 2CTKU 5 6HP (QNKQ .QUG .CIGP FGT 1TKIKPCNNKGHGTWPI 5VQEMHNGEMKI #
5GNVGPGU 9GTM OKV UEJÌPGP +NNWUVTCVKQPGP
. 5EGCWZ FGU TQKU GV TGKPGU Fy#PINGVGTTG 2CTKU 5 6HP (QNKQ *CNDNGFGT NGKEJV UVQEM HNGEMKI IGTKPIHÒIKI DGUVQGP (NGEM CWH 6H
5GNVGPGU 9GTM OKV UEJÌPGP +NNWUVTCVKQPGP
1145
. 6;5<-+'9+%< ' 5COONWPI XQP /GFCKNNGP YGNEJG UKEJ CWH FKG )GUEJKEJVG FGT .·PFGT WPF 5V·FVG FGT GJGOCNKIGP 4GRWDNKM 2QNGP DG\KGJGP WPF XQP KJTGT GTUVGP 6GKNWPI DKU \WO 6QFG FGU -CKUGTU 0KMQ NCWU + IGRT·IV UKPF 4KIC : 5 6HP $TCWPGU *CNDNGFGT OKV $ÒPFGP WPF IQNF 4ÒEMGPVKVGN
5GJT UGNVGPGU 9GTM
93
ORDEN UND EHRENZEICHEN . 8#00'. ( 61&'4+ ) .C OGFCINKC DCTQEEC KP 6QUECPC (KTGP\G 5 6HP .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI //#)
. 8'4'+0 (ª4 07/+5/#6+- <7 24#) *TUI $GUEJTGKDWPI FGT DKUJGT DGMCPPVGP DÌJOKUEJGP 2TKXCVOÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 2TCI 8+ 5 6HP /CTOQTKGTVGT -CTVQPGKPDCPF DGUVQGP 4ÒEMGP GKPIGTKUUGP //#)
. 9'+.'4 * -ÌNPGT &QO /GFCKNNGP $·PFG 6GKN DKU ,J 4QOCPVKM )QVKM 4GPCKU UCPEG 6GKN WPF ,J $CTQEM\GKV 6GKN WPF ,J &QOYGKVGTDCW WPF OQFGTPG <GKV -TGHGNF *ÒNU 'KPJGKVNKEJ KP IGNDGO )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP %NGOGPU #WIWUV *GT \QI XQP $C[GTP -WTHÒTUV XQP -ÌNP &KG /GFCKNNGP 5EJCW WPF )GFGPMVCNGT WUY )CP\NGKPGP
. -ÌNPKUEJG /GFCKNNGP 2NCMGVVGP 5EJCWVCNGT ,GVQPU <GKEJGP WPF /CTMGP 6GKN WPF -TGHGNF *ÒNU 5 5 OKV LGYGKNU \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP -ÌNPGT &QO /GFCKNNGP 6GKNG -TGHGNF *ÒNU 5 5 5 LGYGKNU OKV \CJNTGKEJGP 6GZVCDD )CP\NGKPGP %NGOGPU #WIWUV *GT\QI XQP $C[GTP -WTHÒTUV XQP -ÌNP &KG /GFCKNNGP 5EJCW WPF )GFGPMVCNGT WUY
-ÌNPKUEJG /GFCKNNGP -TGHGNF *ÒNU 5 OKV 6HP )CP\NGKPGP $QPPGT $GNCIGTWPIGP KO 5RKGIGN FGT /GFCKNNGP -GORGP *ÒNU 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP //#)
. 9+'%'- # 5GDCUVKCP &CFNGT /GFCNKGT IFCPUMK :8++ YKGMW &CP\KI 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF //#)
. 5GDCUVKCP &CFNGT /GFCNKGT IFCPUMK :8++ YKGMW &CP\KI 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT UVCTM DGUVQGP //#)
. 9+'.#0&6 ( <'+6< , &KG /GFCKNNGP FGU *CWUGU $CFGP &GPMOÒP\GP \WT )GUEJKEJVG FGU \·JTKP IGP DCFKUEJGP (ÒTUVGPJCWUGU CWU FGT <GKV XQP DKU -CTNUTWJG 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP #
. 974<$#%* 6#00'0$'4) 9 4 XQP -CVCNQI OGKPGT 5COONWPI XQP /GFCKNNGP 2NCMGVVGP WPF ,GVQPU 6GKNG WPXGT·PFGTVGT 0CEJFTWEM *CODWTI FGT 'TUVCWHNCIG <ÒTKEJ W C (TQPVKURK\ :8 5 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #
1154
14&'0 70& '*4'0<'+%*'0 . $10#00+ 2 1TFKPWO 'SWGUVTKWO GV /KNKVCTKWO %CVCNQIWU KP +OCIKPKDWU GZRQUKVWU EWO DTGXK PCTTCVKQPG =-CVCNQI FGT 4KVVGT WPF /KNKV·T 1TFGP FCTIGUVGNNV KP $KNFGTP WPF OKV MWT\GT 'TN·WVGTWPI? 'TUVG #WUICDG 4QO (QTOCV Z EO KP NCVGKPKUEJGT WPF KVCNKGPKUEJGT 5RTCEJG OKV 6KVGNMWR HGT 5 OKV -WRHGTUVKEJVHP FCXQP OKV #DD XQP 1TFGPUVTCEJVGP WPF OKV #DD XQP 1TFGPUKPUKIPKGP +P 5EJYGKPUNGFGT IGDWPFGP 5GNVGPG 'TUVCWUICDG OKV CNNGP -WRHGTUVKEJVCHGNP GKPGU FGT DGFGWVGPFUVGP QTFGPUMWPFNKEJGP 6KVGN FGU ,CJTJWPFGTVU FCU UR·VGT KP YGKVGTGP #WHNCIGP WPF CWEJ HTGOFURTCEJKIGP #WUICDGP W C KP FGWVUEJ GTUEJKGPGP KUV 7OHCPITGKEJ DGDKNFGTVGU 9GTM FGU ,GUWKVGP $QPCPPK ÒDGT FKG UGKPGT\GKV DGMCPPVGP DGUVGJGPFGP GTNQUEJGPGP YKG CWEJ UCIGPJCHVGP IGKUVNKEJGP WPF YGNVNKEJGP 4KVVGTQTFGP OKV &CTUVGNNWPI KJTGT 6TCEJVGP WPF +PUKIPKGP (ÒT FCU JQJG #NVGT IWV GTJCNVGP
94
ORDEN UND EHRENZEICHEN
1155
1159
. %+$4#4+1 . &GUETK\KQPG 5VQTKEC FGINK 1TFKPK %CXCNNGTGUEJK $CPF WPF 0GCRGN #WH NCIG (TQPVKURK\ 5 5 $GKFG $·PFGP GPVJCNVGP HCTDKIG 6HP FKG LGFQEJ HCNUEJ PWOGTKGTV UKPF *CNDNGFGTGKPDCPF UGJT UGNVGPGU 9GTM KP JGTXQTTCIGPFGO <WUVCPF
. (#..17 . .GU ECEJGVU OKNKVCKTGU HTCP¼CKUGU FG NyCPEKGP T¾IKOG C PQU LQWTU .C )KDGTPG 2CTKU 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP 6HP (TCP\ÌUKUEJG $KPFWPI OKV $ÒPFGP #
5GJT UGNVGPGU 9GTM OKV 5KIPCVWT FGU #WVQTU KO 8QTUCV\ 0T XQP CWH 2CRKGT +OR¾TKCN FW ,CRQP IGFTWEMVGP 'ZGORNCTGP
. *';&'0 * XQP 'JTGP <GKEJGP WPF #D\GKEJGP KP (TCPMTGKEJ WPF $GNIKGP (TCPMHWTV 5 -CTVQPKGTV DGUVQGP
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN &T ( : 9GK\KPIGT %Q
. 0+//'4)76 , &GWVUEJG 1TFGP WPF 'JTGP\GKEJGP DKU $·PFG WPF 0CEJVTCI /ÒPEJGP (TQPVKURK\ :: 5 (CTDVHP (TQPVKURK\ :8+ 5 (CTDVHP (TQPVKURK\ :8+ 5 (CTDVHP (TQPVKURK\ :8+ 5 (CTDVHP (TQPVKURK\ :8+ 5 LGYGKNU OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD #NNG KP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP -QRHTQVUEJPKVV #
-QORNGVVG #WHNCIG DGKO 8GTNCI DGTGKVU XGTITKHHGP
. 14&+0' &+ 5 )'00#41 +PUVKVW\KQPG G 5VCVWVK FGN 4GCN 1TFKPG FK 5 )GPPCTQ 0GCRGN 5 6HP )TQHQNKQ +O OQFGTPGP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP 6KPVGPHNGEM CWH FGT GTUVGP 5GKVG
. 14&+0' /+.+6#4' &+ 5#81,# 4GIKG 2CVGPVK RGT NC %TGC\KQPG FGNN QTFKPG /KNKVCTG FK 5CXQLC KP FCVC FGK #IQUVQ 6WTKP 5 7PDGUEJPKVVGPG 1TKIKPCNDN·VVGT FKG NGV\VGP 5GKVGP GVYCU HNGEMKI
. 14&+0' /+.+6#4' &+ 5 )+14)+1 &'..# 4+70+10' .GIIG +UVKVWVKXC FGN 4GCNG 1TFKPG /K NKVCTG FK 5 )KQTIKQ FGNNC 4KWPKQPG G &GETGVQ EJG #DQUEG N 1TKFKPG FGNNG FWG 5KEKNKG 0GCRGN 5 (CNVMCTVG 1TKI $TQUEJWT NGKEJV UVQEMHNGEMKI
. 64156 . , &KG 4KVVGT WPF 8GTFKGPUV 1TFGP 'JTGP\GKEJGP WPF /GFCKNNGP CNNGT 5QWXGT·PG WPF 5VCCVGP UGKV $GIKPP FGU :+: ,CTJWPFGTVU :++ 5 6HP 'KPKIG 6HP NQUG )CP\NGKPGP DGUVQGP
. 81..' * $CFGPU 1TFGP 'JTGP\GKEJGP 2T·OKGPOGFCKNNGP /CPWUMTKRVFTWEM (TGKDWTI 5 (CTDVH 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#) &C\W -.'0#7 # )TQGT FGWVUEJGT 1TFGPUMCVCNQI DKU /ÒPEJGP 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP 4ÒEMGP GVYCU CWUIGDNKEJGP
. 9#*.'0 # &CU $WEJ FGT 4KVVGTQTFGP WPF 'JTGP\GKEJGP .GKR\KI HQTVIGUEJTKGDGPG #WHNCIG +P FGWVUEJGT 5RTCEJG 5 OKV JCPFMQNQTKGTVGP 1TFGPUVCHGNP PGW KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP
95
GESCHICHTE, GEMMEN, KAMEEN
1165
. 9'$'4 & #401.& 2 -'+. 2 &KG 1TFGP FGU -ÌPKITGKEJU 5CEJUGP 2JCNGTKUVKUEJG /QPQITC RJKGP 1HHGPDCEJ Q , 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP HCTDKIGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV #
. -1081.76 -QPXQNWV XQP /QPQITCRJKGP \WT FGWVUEJGP WPF GWTQR·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ÌUKUEJG WPF GPINKUEJG #WMVKQPUMCVCNQIG 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWPFGP
2#2+'4)'.& . &'765%*' $70&'5$#0- (TÒJ\GKV FGU 2CRKGTIGNFGU $GKURKGNG CWU FGT )GNFUEJGKPUCOONWPI FGT &GWVUEJGP $WPFGUDCPM (TCPMHWTV C / Q , ::+ \CJNTGKEJG #DD OKV CWUHÒJTNKEJGT $GUEJTGKDWPI &GWVUEJGU 2CRKGTIGNF (TCPMHWTV C / Q , : \CJNTGKEJG #DD &CU 2CRKGTIGNF KO &GWV UEJGP 4GKEJ (TCPMHWTV C / Q , 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP 6GZVCDD &KG 0QVGP FGT &GWV UEJGP $WPFGUDCPM #NNG KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP (TCPMHWTV C / Q , 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD &C\W /QPQITCRJKGP WPF MNGKPG #WHU·V\G \WO 6JGOC 2CRKGTIGNF W C # 2+%- &CU 2CRKGTIGNF $C[ GTPU 4GIGPUVCWH 2CRKGTIGNF 'KP *CPFDWEJ HÒT 5COONGT WPF .KGDJCDGT $TCWPUEJYGKI # 2+%- , 7 4+:'0 2CRKGTIGNF 5RG\KCNMCVCNQI &GWVUEJNCPF DKU JGWVG #WHNCIG /ÒPEJGP 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWPFGP 6GKNYGKUG UVQEMHNGEMKI
. 0#%*64 )' <7/ *#0&$7%* &'4 $#0-016'0 70& /ª0<'0 '7412#5 #WU\ÒIG CWU FGT WPF #DVGKNWPI FGT 'TMGPPWPIU\GKEJGP $CPF KP 6GKNGP # . 0 8 9KGP *WPFGTVG 0CEJVTCIUDN·VVGT OKV XKGNGP #DD 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP IGRHNGIV $CPF OKV (NGEMGP CWH FGO XQTFGTGP 'KPDCPF #
/GJTGTG $GUKV\GTUVGORGN CWH FGO 6KVGNDNCVV XQP $CPF
)'5%*+%*6' #..)'/'+0 )'//'0 70& -#/''0 . #-74)#. ' &KG -WPUV FGT *GVJKVGT /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP VGKNU HCTDKI .GKPGP VGKN YGKUG HNGEMKI
. #06+-' )'//'0 +0 &'765%*'0 5#//.70)'0 5VCCVNKEJG /ÒP\UCOONWPI /ÒPEJGP $CPF + 5 OKV 6HP /ÒPEJGP + 5 OKV 6HP /ÒPEJGP + 5 OKV 6HP /ÒPEJGP 5VCCVNKEJG /WUGGP 2TGWKUEJGT -WNVWTDGUKV\ #PVKMGPCDVGKNWPI $GTNKP $CPF ++ 5 OKV 6HP WPF #DD /ÒPEJGP $TCWPUEJYGKI )ÌVVKPIGP -CUUGN $CPF +++ 6GZV 6HP 8+++ 5 6HP 9KGUDCFGP *CPPQXGT WPF *CODWTI $CPF +8 6GZV 6HP 8+++ 5 6HP 9KGUDCFGP .GKPGP
. $'4)'4 . 4ÌOKUEJG )N·UGT CWU 8KPFQPKUUC 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP FGT )GUGNNUEJCHV RTQ 8KPFQPKUUC $CPF +8 $CUGN 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
. $1#4&/#0 , 5%#4+5$4+%- & 6JG 4CNRJ *CTCTK %QNNGEVKQP QH (KPIGT 4KPIU .QPFQP 5 OKV #DD .GKPGP &C\W , * -1.$# # 6 0'/'6* )QNFUEJOKGFGCTDGKVGP $WFCRGUV 5 #DD .GKPGP * $#66-' )GUEJKEJVG FGU 4KPIGU +P $GUEJTGKDWPI WPF $KNFGTP $CFGP $CFGP 5 6HP .GKPGP $ %*#&174 5#/2510 #PVKMG (KPIGTTKPIG &KG 5COONWPI #NCKP 1NNKXKGT /ÒPEJGP 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP OGKUVGPU HCTDKIGP #DD .GKPGP &C\W YGKVGTG MNGKPGTG 5EJTKHVGP 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWPFGP
96
GESCHICHTE, GEMMEN, KAMEEN . $4+0%-/'+'4 ' 2TCMVKUEJGU *CPFDWEJ FGT JKUVQTKUEJGP %JTQPQNQIKG CNNGT <GKVGP WPF 8ÌNMGT DG UQPFGTU FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU 0& )TC\ FGT #WUICDG $GTNKP ::+8 5 .GKPGP
. '+5'.'+0 , ,QJCPP 9KPEMGNOCPPU UCGOVNKEJG 9GTMG 6GKNG &QPCWGUEJKPIGP +P GKPJGKVNKEJGP -CTVQPGKPD·PFGP FGT <GKV IGDWPFGP VGKNYGKUG UVQEMHNGEMKI 'KPD·PFG GVYCU DGUVQGP $CPF OKV MNGKPGO 9CUUGTTCPF #
. )'$*#46 * )GOOGP WPF -COGGP $KDNKQVJGM HÒT -WPUV WPF #PVKSWKV·VGP 5COONGT $CPF $GTNKP 8+++ 5 OKV #DD .GKPGP &C\W YGKVGTG $ÒEJGT \WO 6JGOC .GKPGP Z $TQ UEJWT Z
. )4''0 / , 5OCNN %WNV 1DLGEVU HTQO VJG /KNKVCT[ #TGCU QH 4QOCP $TKVCKP $#4 1ZHQTF 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
. *'-.'4 # &KG $KNFPKUMWPUV FGT )TKGEJGP WPF 4ÌOGT 5VWVVICTV :.8+++ 5 6HP OKV #DD -CTVQPKGTV DGUVQGP $KPFWPI NQEMGT
. *'0+) / # %QTRWU QH 4QOCP 'PITCXGF )GOUVQPGU HTQO $TKVKUJ 5KVGU $#4 1ZHQTF 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP 4ÒEMGP GVYCU DGUEJ·FKIV
. *'00' #/ 4*;0 1 4KVVGT U IGQITCRJKUEJ UVCVKUVKUEJGU .GZKMQP ÒDGT FKG 'TFVJGKNG .·PFGT /GGTG $WEJVGP *·HGP 5GGP (NÒUUG +PUGNP )GDKTIG 5VCCVGP 5V·FVG (NGEMGP &ÌTHGT 9GKNGT $·FGT $GTI YGTMG -CP·NG OKV #PICDG U·OVNKEJGT 2QUV 'KUGPDCJPGP WPF 6GNGITCRJGP 5VCVKQPGP FGT YKEJVKIUVGP .·PFGT HÒT 2QUV $WTGCWZ %QORVQKTU -CWHNGWVG (CDTKMCPVGP <GKVWPIUNGUGT 4GKUGPFG 4GCN +PFWUVTKG WPF *CPFGNUUEJWNGP 0CEJFTWEM 'UUGP FGT #WHNCIG .GKR\KI 8+ 5 -WPUVNGFGT //#)
. *1%*7.+ );5'. # -NGKPCUKCVKUEJG )NCUKGTVG 4GNKGHMGTCOKM X %JT DKU P %JT WPF KJTG 1DGTKVCNKUEJGP 0CEJCJOWPIGP #EVC $GTPGPUKC 8++ $GTP 5 6HP .GKPGP VGKNYGKUG HNGE MKI
. *140 * ) 4ª)'4 % $ *TUI &KG 0WOKFGT 4GKVGT WPF -ÌPKIG PÌTFNKEJ FGT 5CJCTC $QPP 5 6HP \WO 6GKN HCTDKI -CTVGP -CTVQPKGTV
. +22'. # &GT $TQP\GHWPF XQP )CNLÑD /QFGNNG GKPGU JGNNGPKUVKUEJGP )QNFUEJOKGFU 2GNK\CGWU /W UGWO \W *KNFGUJGKO 9KUUGPUEJCHVNKEJG 8GTÌHHGPVNKEJWPIGP $GTNKP 5 WPF 6HP -CTVQ PKGTV OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
. -+66'. ' 5KGIGN $TCWPUEJYGKI 8 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP
. -¤0+) 6 *KUVQTKUEJ IGQITCRJKUEJGT *CPF #VNCU \WT NVGTP /KVVNGTP WPF 0GWGTP )GUEJKEJVG 9QN HGPDÒVVGN -CTVGP *CNDNGFGT UVCTM DGUVQGP 5VQEMHNGEMKI 9CUUGTHNGEMGP
. .#*75'0 ) (14/+).+ ' 4ÌOKUEJG $KNFPKUUG CWU $TQP\G -WPUV WPF 6GEJPKM /ÒPEJGP 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP VGKNU HCTDKIGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP #
. .+221.& ) *TUI )GOOGP WPF -COGGP FGU #NVGTVWOU WPF FGT 0GW\GKV :++ 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
. .7..+'5 4 )TKGEJKUEJG 2NCUVKM 8QP FGP #PH·PIGP DKU \WO #WUICPI FGU *GNNGPKUOWU #WHNCIG /ÒPEJGP FGT #WUICDG /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP (CTDVHP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP #
. /#46+0+ 9 &KG GVTWUMKUEJG 4KPIUVGKPIN[RVKM *GKFGNDGTI 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. /')19 9 4 -COGGP XQP #WIWUVWU DKU #NGZCPFGT 5GXGTWU #/7)5 $GTNKP :8+ 5 6HP .GKPGP
. /'0<'. * #PVKMG .CORGP KO 4ÌOKUEJ )GTOCPKUEJGP <GPVTCNOWUGWO \W /CKP\ 4ÌOKUEJ )GTOC PKUEJGU <GPVTCNOWUGWO \W /CKP\ -CVCNQI /CKP\ 8+++ 5 OKV #DD *CNDNGKPGP
. 0'66.'(1.& ( , 6JG %QNNGEVKQP QH $TQP\GU CPF %CUVKPIU KP $TCUU CPF 1TOQNW HQTOGF D[ /T ( , 0GVVNGHQNF .QPFQP (TQPVKURK\ 5 OKV 6HP .GKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
. 146*/#00 9 &KG -GTCOKM FGT HTÒJGP $TQP\G\GKV CWU +PPGTCPCVQNKGP $GTNKP 5 6HP *CNDNGKPGP
. 156'0 * * XQP FGT #PEKGPV 1TKGPVCN 5GCNU KP VJG %QNNGEVKQP QH /T 'FYCTF 6 0GYGNN 6JG 7PKXGT UKV[ QH %JKECIQ 1TKGPVCN +PUVKVWVG 2WDNKECVKQPU 8QNWOG ::++ %JKECIQ :+++ 5 6HP .GK PGP
. #NVQTKGPVCNKUEJG 5KGIGNUVGKPG FGT 5COONWPI *CPU 5KNXKWU XQP #WNQEM 5VWFKC 'VJPQITCRJKEC 7RUCNKGPUKC :+++ 7RRUCNC 5 6HP .GKPGP
. 2'5%*.19 $+0&1-#6 # 2'5%*.19 7 &KG 5COONWPI 6WTCP $GNGT KP -WODCDC DGK 5KNG #PVKMG WPF D[\CPVKPKUEJG &GPMO·NGT XQP FGT DKVJ[PKUEJGP 5EJYCT\OGGTMÒUVG 5& CWU +UVCPDWNGT /KV VGKNWPIGP $CPF 6ÒDKPIGP Q , 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
97
GESCHICHTE, GEMMEN, KAMEEN
1196
1201
. 4+%*6'4 ) / # %CVCNQIWG QH 'PITCXGF )GOU )TGGM 'VTWUECP CPF 4QOCP 4QO :.++ 5 6HP .GKPGP VGKNYGKUG UVQEMHNGEMKI
. 5%*'(1.& - /GKUVGTYGTMG ITKGEJKUEJGT -WPUV $CUGN 5VWVVICTV (CTDKIGU (TQPVKURK\ :++ 5 OKV #DD .GKPGP &C\W 5#7'4.#0&6 / )TKGEJKUEJG $KNFYGTMG &ÒUUGNFQTH .GKR\KI :8 5 OKV #DD : 5 1TKI $TQUEJWT #WUUVGNNWPIUMCVCNQI 1N[ORKC KP FGT #PVKMG 'UUGP 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT $WEJDNQEM IGNÌUV
. 5%*7.6'0 # .yCHTKSWG 4QOCKPG 5& 2CTKU CWU .C 4GXWG 6WPKUKGPPG 5 6HP 2CRR DCPF
/KV 9KFOWPI FGU ªDGTUGV\GTU &T (NQTCPEG CP OQPUKGWT (GWCTFGPV
. 5+'8'-+0) , *TUI &KG $TQP\GP FGT 5COONWPI .QGD /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
. &KG 6GTTCMQVVGP FGT 5COONWPI .QGD /ÒPEJGP $·PFG :8+ 5 6HP :8++ :8+++ 5 6HP *CNDNGFGT DGUVQGP -QRHIQNFUEJPKVV
. $TQP\GP 6GTTCMQVVGP 8CUGP CWU FGT 5COONWPI .QGD /ÒPEJGP 5 6HP .GKPGP -QRH IQNFUEJPKVV
. 81+6 . .GUGDWEJ FGT #PVKMG $CPF 5 5 5 LGYGKNU OKV #DD .GKPGP
. 81..'09'+&'4 / . &KG 2QTVT·VIGOOGP FGT TÌOKUEJGP 4GRWDNKM $·PFG /CKP\ :+++ 5 8 5 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. 9'$'4 + 5 )GUEJPKVVGPG 5VGKPG FGU DKU ,J 8GTIGUUGPG -QUVDCTMGKVGP KP FGT 5VCCVNKEJGP /ÒP\UCOONWPI /ÒPEJGP /ÒPEJGP 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP )GUEJPKVVGPG 5VGKPG CWU CNVDC[GTKUEJGO $GUKV\ -COGGP WPF +PVCINKGP FGU DKU UR·VGP ,J KP FGT 5VCCVNKEJGP /ÒP\UCOONWPI /ÒPEJGP /ÒPEJGP $GTNKP 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP
. 9'$'4 1 #NVQTKGPVCNKUEJG 5KGIGNDKNFGT $·PFG .GKR\KI 5 8+++ 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP =/KV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGP $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM ' $GEMGPDCWGT? &C\W &CU 4QNNUKGIGN KP 5[TKGP <WT 5VGKPUEJPGKFGMWPUV KP 5[TKGP \YKUEJGP WPF XQT %JTKUVWU #WUUVGN NWPIUMCVCNQI 6ÒDKPIGP 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. <9+'4.'+0 &+'*. ' &KG CPVKMGP )GOOGP FGU -WPUVJKUVQTKUEJGP /WUGWOU KP 9KGP $CPF + &KG )GOOGP XQP FGT OKPQKUEJGP <GKV DKU \WT HTÒJGP TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT\GKV /ÒPEJGP 5 OKV 6HP $CPF ++ &KG )NCUIGOOGP &KG )NCUMCOGGP 0CEJVT·IG \W $CPF + &KG )GOOGP FGT UR·VGTGP TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT\GKV 6GKN + )ÌVVGT /ÒPEJGP 5 OKV 6HP .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI
98
FESTSCHRIFTEN
('565%*4+(6'0 . #/'4+%#0 07/+5/#6+% 51%+'6; * +0)*1.6 *TUI %GPVGPPKCN 2WDNKECVKQP QH VJG #OG TKECP 0WOKUOCVKE 5QEKGV[ 0GY ;QTM :++ 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
. #45.#0 ' # 4 /#46+0+ 0 8+5/#4# *TUI 'TOCPPQ # #TUNCP 5VWFKC &KECVC $·PFG /KNCPQ 5 FCXQP 6HP #DD -CTVQPKGTV //#)
. $#-*17/ 5 & )'4+0 # )'+55'0 / #/#0&4; *TUI #GI[RVKCEC UGTVC KP 5QJGKT $CM JQWO OGOQTKCO /¾NCPIGU FG PWOKUOCVKSWG FyKEQPQITCRJKG GV FyJKUVQKTG /KNCPQ 5 OKV 6HP -CTVQPKGTV OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
. $'4)*#75 2 6 (+5%*'4 2 +.+5%* *TUI .CIQO (GUVUEJTKHV HÒT 2GVGT $GTIJCWU \WO )GDWTVUVCI CO 0QXGODGT /ÒPUVGT (TQPVKURK\ :+8 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD WPF 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. $.1'5%* * * 2 +5.'4 ) 5'+6'4.' *TUI <WT ITKGEJKUEJGP -WPUV *CPULÌTI $NQGUEJ \WO UGEJ\KIUVGP )GDWTVUVCI CO ,WNK $GTP 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
. $15%* % ' #6.#0 5 $#;&74 0 1 6'-+0 # '41. *TUI #PEKGPV *KUVQT[ 0WOKUOC VKEU CPF 'RKITCRJ[ KP VJG /GFKVGTTCPGCP 9QTNF 5VWFKGU KP OGOQT[ QH %NGOGPU ' $QGUEJ CPF 5CDCJCV #VNCP CPF KP JQPQWT QH 0G\CJCV $C[FWT +UVCPDWN ::+ 5 OKV XKGNGP 6HP -CTVQPKGTV 'EMGP DGUVQGP
. $7%*'0#7 * *GKPTKEJ $WEJGPCW CO #RTKN ,CJTG CNV )GYKFOGV XQP (TGWPFGP WPF -QNNGIGP /ÒPEJGP $TGOGP 5 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
. %.#+0 56'(#0'..+ ' ' +VCNKCO HCVQ RTQHWIK *GURGTKPCSWG XGPGTWPV NKVQTC 0WOKUOCVKE 5VWFKGU &GFKECVGF VQ 8NCFKOKT CPF 'NXKTC 'NK\C %NCKP 5VGHCPGNNK 0WOKUOCVKEC .QXCPKGPUKC .QWXCKP NC 0GWXG ::+++ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD WPF 6HP .GKPGP //#)
. %1.$'46 &' $'#7.+'7 , $ % $'/106 W C *TUI /¾NCPIGU QHHGTVU CW FQEVGWT , $ %QNDGTV FG $GCWNKGW 6QWNQWUG (TQPVKURK\ ::: 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD WPF 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP //#)
'ZGORNCT 0T
. &'$14& 2 2 $470 *TUI 5ETKRVC #PCVQNKEC *QOOCIGU ¯ 2KGTTG &GDQTF #WUQPKWU ¾FKVKQPU $QTFGCWZ 5 OKV #DD WPF 6HP -CTVQPKGTV OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
. (4#0-(746'4 07/+5/#6+5%*' )'5'..5%*#(6 ,CJTG (TCPMHWTVGT 0WOKUOCVKUEJG )GUGNNUEJCHV /GNUWPIGP 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD )CP\NGKPGP #
. )4#06 / / 2 )#4%+# $'..+&1 # /156#.#% # ,+/'0'< *TUI &GN +ORGTKWO FG 2QORG[Q C NC #WEVQTKVCU FG #WIWUVQ *QOGPCLG C /KEJCGN )TCPV #PGLQU FG #TEJKXQ 'URCPQN FG #TSW GQNQIÃC :.8++ /CFTKF 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD WPF 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. )4+'4510 2 % 0 . $411-' W C *TUI 5VWFKGU KP 0WOKUOCVKE /GVJQF RTGUGPVGF VQ 2JKNKR )TKGTUQP %CODTKFIG W C (TQPVKURK\ ::: 5 FCXQP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #
. *#$'4.+0 ' , / XQP $#*4('.&6 *TUI 'TPUV ,WUVWU *CGDGTNKP 5GKP 9KTMGP KP 9KUUGPUEJCHV WPF .GDGP /ÒPEJGP (TQPVKURK\ 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. *#%-'05 6 /17%*#46' ) W C *TUI .KDGT #OKEQTWO 6QP[ *CEMGPU 0WOKUOCVKEC .QXC PKGPUKC .QWXCKP NC 0GWXG :8+ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP 6HP 1TKI )CP\NGKPGP
. +#20 4 /#4)1.+5 * 81')6.+ 0WOKUOCVKEU 9KVPGUU VQ JKUVQT[ +#20 2WDNKECVKQP 9GVVGTGP :8 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
. ,'.1%0+- # 2 -15 &'/1 *TUI 5VWFKC PWOKUOCVKEC .CDCEGPUKC #NGZCPFTQ ,GNQEPKM QDNCVC 5KVWNC .LWDNLCPC (TQPVKURK\ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD WPF 6HP -CTVQPKGTV OKPKOCN DGUVQ GP //#)
. -41.. , * 2 ) XCP #.('0 *TUI #IQTCPQOKC 5VWFKGU KP /QPG[ CPF 'ZEJCPIG 2TGUGPVGF VQ ,QJP * -TQNN 0GY ;QTM :++ 5 6HP .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI
. .#(#74+' , 2 $#56+'0 W C *TUI /¾NCPIGU FG PWOKUOCVKSWG F CTEJ¾QNQIKG GV F JKUVQKTG QHHGTVU ¯ ,GCP .CHCWTKG 2CTKU (TQPVKURK\ 5 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP //#)
99
FESTSCHRIFTEN
1226
. /1//5'0 6 * / XQP -#'0'. / 4 #.(¤.&+ 7 2'6'4 * -1//+%- )GNFIGUEJKEJVG XU 0WOKUOCVKM 6JGQFQT /QOOUGP WPF FKG CPVKMG /ÒP\G $GTNKP 2QTVTCKVVH :+8 5 6HP -CTVQPKGTV
. 0#56'4 2 5 5%*''45 *TUI 5VWFKC 2CWNQ 0CUVGT QDNCVC $CPF 0WOKUOCVKEC CPVKSWC 1TKGP VCNKC .QXCPKGPUKC #PCNGEVC .GWXGP :::+++ 5 FCXQP 6HP .GKPGP //#)
. 1+-101/+&'5 / :#2#-6*2 #RJKGTÊOC UV½ /CPVQ 1KMQPQOKFQW #VJGP 5 OKV XKGNGP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. 24+%' / , # 2 6<#/#.+5 *TUI /CTVKP , 2TKEG 6GZVU KP )TGGM 'PINKUJ $KDNKQVJGMG VGU GNNGPKMGU PQOKUOCVKMGU GVCKRGKCU #VJGP (CTDKIGU (TQPVKURK\ 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD WPF 6HP FCXQP KP (CTDG 1TKI $TQUEJWT )GDTCWEJUURWTGP CO 'KPDCPF //#)
. 5%*''45 5 , XCP *''5%* + *''4'0 *TUI %QKPCIG KP VJG +TQP #IG 'UUC[U KP JQPQWT QH 5KOQPG 5EJGGTU .QPFQP ::++ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD .GKPGP OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI
. 5%*¤0'46 )'+55 ' 7 2'6'4 *TUI 5VGRJCPQU PQOKUOCVKMQU 'FKVJ 5EJÌPGTV )GKUU \WO )GDWTVUVCI $GTNKP :8+++ 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD WPF 6HP -CTVQPKGTV //#)
. 51%+'6' (4#0 #+5' &' 07/+5/#6+37' %GPVGPCKTG FG NC 5QEK¾V¾ HTCPECKUG FG 0WOKUOCVKSWG 2CTKU 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQGP
. 576*'4.#0& * 4 # ) %#4510 % / -4##; *TUI 5ETKRVC 0WOOCTKC 4QOCPC 'UUC[U RTGUGPVGF VQ *WORJTG[ 5WVJGTNCPF .QPFQP (TQPVKURK\ :+++ 5 6HP .GKPGP //#)
. 8'4'+0 &'4 /ª0<'0(4'70&' +0 *#/$74) G 8 (GUVUEJTKHV \WO L·JTKIGP $GUVGJGP FGU 8GTGKPU FGT /ÒP\HTGWPFG KP *CODWTI G 8 0QTFFGWVUEJGU ,CJTDWEJ HÒT /ÒP\MWPFG WPF XGTYCPFVG )GDKGVG *CODWTI 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD -CTVQPKGTV ='U JCPFGNV UKEJ WO FCU XQP 'ZGORNCTGP FKGUGU 9GTMGU? (GUVUEJTKHV \WO )GDWTVUVCI FGU *GTTP &T LWT )GGTV 5GGNKI CO 0QXGODGT 0QTFFGWVUEJGU ,CJTDWEJ HÒT /ÒP\MWPFG WPF XGTYCPFVG )GDKGVG *CODWTI 5 OKV XKGNGP #DD WPF 6HP .GKPGP ='U JCPFGNV UKEJ WO FCU XQP 'ZGORNCTGP FKGUGU 9GTMGU?
. 9ª466'/$'4)+5%*'4 8'4'+0 (ª4 /ª0<-70&' G 8 *TUI $GKVT·IG \WT 5ÒFFGWVUEJGP /ÒP\IGUEJKEJVG (GUVUEJTKHV \WO L·JTKIGP $GUVGJGP FGU 9ÒTVGODGTIKUEJGP 8GTGKPU HÒT /ÒP\ MWPFG G 8 5VWVVICTV 5 OKV #DD -CTVQPKGTV
100
ZEITSCHRIFTEN UND REIHEN
<'+65%*4+(6'0 70& 4'+*'0 . #007#+4' &' .# 51%+'6' (4#0 #+5' &' 07/+5/#6+3' '6 & #4%*'1.1)+' $CPF 'KPJGKVNKEJ KP TQVGO *CNDNGFGT OKV )QNFUEJPKVV IGDWPFGP
. #4%*+8 (ª4 /'&#+..'0 70& 2.#-'66'0 -70&' 4GFCMVKQP 2TQH &T ) *CDKEJ WPF &T / $GTPJCTV ,CJTICPI *GHVG MQORNGVVG 4GKJG *CNNG 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. #4 6*75' 4GXWG VTKOGUVTKGNNG *TUI XQP , $#$'.10 2 & '52'%'. $CPF 'KPJGKVNKEJ KP $·PFGP KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP 4ÒEMGP VGKNYGKUG OKV MNGKPGP -TCV\GTP //#) +P FKGUGT 8QNNUV·PFKIMGKV WPF 'TJCNVWPI UGJT UGNVGP
. $'4+%*6' *I * * -TKEJGNFQTH &GT /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGPUCOONGT $GTKEJVG #WU CNNGP )GDKG VGP FGT )GNF /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGPMWPFG (TGKDWTI WPF DTQUEJKGTV FKG CPFGTGP *GHVG UKPF KP FTGK $·PFGP KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP 'U HGJNV *GHV 0T
. $'4.+0'4 /ª0<$. 66'4 0GWG (QNIG $CPF WPF *GHVG $CPF WPF KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP $CPF WPF KP GKPJGKVNKEJGO *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP 4GIKUVGT FGT ,CJTI·PIG UQYKG FKG *GHVG WPF KP (QVQMQRKG &C\W GKPKIG NQUG *GHVG
. $'4.+0'4 07/+5/#6+5%*' (145%*70)'0 *TUI XQP * (GPINGT $ -NWIG WPF 5VCCVNK EJG /WUGGP \W $GTNKP $CPF 1TKI $TQUEJWT #
. $'4.+0'4 07/+5/#6+5%*' <'+65%*4+(6 $CPF *GHVG 6HP *GHVG .QUG *GHVG
. $. 66'4 (ª4 /ª0<(4'70&' *TUI XQP * )TQVG HQTVIGHÒJTV XQP , WPF # 'TDUVGKP * $WEJGPCW ' /GTVGPU WPF 4 )CGVVGPU $CPF +P GKPGO $CPF IGDWPFGP 2CRRDCPF DGUVQGP
. $CPF +P $·PFGP IGDWPFGP *CNDNGKPGP 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJG $KPFWPIGP Z 4ÒEMGP FGHGMV
6TQV\ FGT .ÒEMGP KPVGTGUUCPVG 4GKJG FKGUGT <GKVEJTKHV
/KV 'Z NKDTKU #NQKU 5VGTP $GPGFKMVDGWGTP
. $CPF .QUG *GHVG
. 0GWG (QNIG ,CJTICPI $CPF ,I KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP WPF ,I KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP UQPUV NQUG *GHVG 'U HGJNGP PWT *GHV WPF 6H
. 0GWG (QNIG $CPF WPF .QUG *GHVG . -QPXQNWV XQP \CJNTGKEJGP NQUGP *GHVGP
. $. 66'4 (ª4 /ª0<-70&' *I * )TQVG $CPF 6KVGNDNCVV CWHIGMNGDV GKPKIG 6CHGNP NQEMGT WPF TGUVCWTKGTV 5VQEMHNGEMKI 'KPTKUU CWH FGP 5 #WH FGP 5 HGJNV GKP 6GKN FGT 5GKVGP /KV YGPKIGP $NGKUVKHVCPOGTMWPIGP *CNDNGFGT DGUVQGP
. %1/6'5 4'0&75 &' .# 51%+'6' (4#0%#+5' &' 07/+5/#6+37' '6 & #4%*'1 .1)+' $CPF 'KPJGKVNKEJ KP DTCWPGO )CP\NGFGT IGDWPFGP &C\W 5GTKG 6QOG + 2TGOKGT 2CTVKG 5GTKG 6QOG + 5GEQPFG 2CTVKG 5GTKG 6QOG + 6TGUKGOG 2CTVKG
$TQUEJKGTV Z WGTUV UGNVGP CPIGDQVGPG <GKVUEJTKHV
. &'765%*' /ª0<$. 66'4 0GWG (QNIG $CPF ,WNK 5GRVGODGT *CNDNGKPGP WPVGTUEJKGFNKEJ IGDWPFGP 6KVGN WPF 4GIKUVGT XQP $F HGJNGP //#)
. &'765%*'5 ,#*4$7%* (ª4 07/+5/#6+- *TUI XQP / $GTPJCTV ( &YQTUEJCM * )GDJCTV WPF # 5WJNG $CPF $TQUEJKGTV
8QNNUV·PFKIG 5GTKG FGT <GKVUEJTKHV
1253
. (4#0-(746'4 /ª0<$. 66'4 UGKV (4#0-(746'4 /ª0<<'+670) $CPF
+P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP 'KPKIG #PUVTGKEJWPIGP KO 6GZV WPF CWH FGP 6HP 'Z NKDTKU WPF $GUKV\GTUVGORGN ) * .QEMPGT 9ÒT\DWTI WPF $GUKV\GTUVGORGN *KUVQTKUEJGT 8GTGKP #NV 9GTVJGKO
101
ZEITSCHRIFTEN UND REIHEN . (4#0-(746'4 /ª0<<'+670) *TUI XQP 2 ,QUGRJ WPF FGT (TCPMHWTVGT 0WOKUOCVKUEJGP )GUGNNUEJCHV ,CJTICPI 0GWG (QNIG ,CJTICPI QJPG 6KVGN WPF 4GIKUVGT &C\W NQUG *GHVG *CNDNGKPGP Z DTQUEJKGTV
. 0GWG (QNIG ,CJTICPI +P \YGK $·PFGP KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP 6H NQUG
. *#/$74)'4 $'+64 )' <74 07/+5/#6+- *TUI XQP 9 *·XGTPKEM WPF ) *CV\ CD $CPF *GHV $TQUEJKGTV
*GHV OKV JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGP $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM
. ,#*4$7%* &'5 07/+5/#6+5%*'0 8'4'+05 <7 &4'5&'0 ,CJTICPI 1TKI $TQ UEJWT 4ÒEMGP IGTKPIHÒIKI GKPIGTKUUGP *CNDDCPF OKV MNGKPGO 9CUUGTTCPF
. ,#*4$7%* (ª4 07/+5/#6+- 70& )'.&)'5%*+%*6' *TUI XQP FGT $C[GTKUEJGP 0W OKUOCVKUEJGP )GUGNNUEJCHV ,0) $CPF WPF /ÒPEJGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT $CPF WPF WPF UQYKG WPF LGYGKNU KP GKPGO $CPF IGDWPFGP
. ,1740#. +06'40#6+10#. & #4%* 1.1)+' 07/+5/#6+37' *TUI XQP , 0 58141015 $CPF 'KPJGKVNKEJ KP OQFGTPGP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP &C\W 5& CWU #VJGPU #PPCNU QH #TEJCGQNQI[ $TQUEJKGTV
. $CPF &C\W GKPKIG 'KP\GNJGHVG XGTUEJKGFGPGT PWOKUOCVKUEJGT <GKVUEJTKHVGP \W 6JGOGP FGT CPVKMGP 0WOKUOCVKM W C ,0) *$0 /$0)
#NNGU 0CEJFTWEMG 00# 00$ FKXGTUG 'KP\GNJGHVG WPF GKPKIG 2TGKUNKUVGP
1261
. /+66'+.70)'0 &'4 $#;'4+5%*'0 07/+5/#6+5%*'0 )'5'..5%*#(6 ,CJTICPI *CWRVTGIKUVGT *CNDNGFGT Z Z 4ÒEMGP FGHGMV *CNDNGKPGP Z $TQUEJKGTV Z 6GKN YGKUG WPCWHIGUEJPKVVGP
8QNNUV·PFKIG 5GTKG FKGUGT YKEJVKIGP <GKVUEJTKHV CNU 1TKIKPCNCWUICDG
. /+66'+.70)'0 (ª4 /ª0<5#//.'4 *TUI XQP ' -0+66'45%*'+& WPF , *#/ $74)'4 ,CJTICPI +P GKPGP $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP //#)
8QNNUV·PFKIG 5GTKG FKGUGT <GKVUEJTKHV
. /10#65$.#66 &'4 07/+5/#6+5%*'0 )'5'..5%*#(6 +0 9+'0 $CPF )CP\NGKPGP
. 01/+5/#6+-# :410+-# *TUI XQP FGT )TKGEJKUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKUEJGP )GUGNNUEJCHV $CPF
1TKI $TQUEJWT
. 07/+5/#6+% %*410+%.' *TUI XQP FGT 4Q[CN 0WOKUOCVKE 5QEKGV[ .QPFQP ,CJTICPI WPF #NNG KP GKPJGKVNKEJGP TQVGO )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
102
ZEITSCHRIFTEN UND REIHEN . 07/+5/#6+% %+4%7.#4 *TUI XQP 5RKPM 5QP .QPFQP $CPF .QPFQP 'KPJGKVNKEJ KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. 07/+5/#6+%-« %#512+5 %'5-15.18'05-« $CPF WPF +O $CPF 8+++ 24+$+. $ 8GT\GKEJPKU FGT 9GKJGOÒP\GP MCVJQNKUEJGP /GFCKNNGP WPF ,GVQPG KP FGT 6UEJGEJUNQYCMGK +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. 07/+5/#6+5%*' /+66'+.70)'0 0ª40$'4) *TUI XQP % ( )GDGTV 7PIG\·JNVG /KVVGK NWPIUDN·VVGT DGIKPPGPF OKV FGT 0T DKU \WT 0T
. 07/+</#6+%#4 *TUI 5GTDKCP 0WOKUOCVKE 5QEKGV[ 5CQRKU \C CPVKEMK + UVCTK LWPIQUNQXGPUMK PQ XCE $GQITCF /CK 5 OKV \CJNTGKEJGP #DD $TQUEJKGTV
/GKUV FGWVUEJURTCEJKIG $GKVTCIG W C XQP ( &YQTUEJCM *CDUDWTIKUEJG 5KGIGN WPF /ÒP\GP - 2KPM 'ZCIKC UQNKFK ) 'NOGT 4ÌOKUEJGT )QNFDCTTGP CWU 5KTOKWO 0CKUUWU WPF 6JGUUCNQPKEC
. $CPF $GNITCF $TQUEJKGTV
. 37#&'40+ 6+%+0'5+ 0WOKUOCVKEC G CPVKEJKV¯ ENCUUKEJG $CPF WPF 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
1272
1273
. 4'87' $'.)' &' 07/+5/#6+37' '6 &' 5+)+..1)4#2*+' *TUI XQP FGT 5QEK¾V¾ 4Q[CNG FG 0WOKUOCVKSWG FG $GNIKSWG $CPF 4GIKUVGTDCPF $KU CWH FKG $·PFG FKGUG DTQUEJKGTV CNNG KP HCUV GKPJGKVNKEJGO TQVGP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP DKU OKV )QNFUEJPKVV 6CFGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI OKV FGP UGNVGPGP HTÒJGP $·PFGP FKGUGT YKEJVKIGP PWOKUOCVKUEJGP <GKVUEJTKHV ·WGTUV UGNVGP UQ XQNNUV·PFKI CPIGDQVGP
. 4'87' 07/+5/#6+37' $GITÒPFGV CNU 4'87' &' .# 07/+5/#6+37' (4#0 1+5' XQP ' %#46+'4 . &' .# 5#755#;' 5GTKG 4GIKUVGTDCPF WPF $KU CWH FKG ,CJTI·PIG FKGUG DTQUEJKGTV CNNG KP HCUV GKPJGKVNKEJGO YGKGP )CP\NGFGTGKPDCPF IGDWPFGP 6CFGNNQUG WPF XQNNUV·PFKIG 4GKJG FKGUGT UGNVGPGP WPF YKEJVKIGP <GKVUEJTKHV FKG GTUVGP ,CJTI·PIG UKPF ·WGTUV UGNVGP
. 5GTKG $CPF 5GTKG GU HGJNV $CPF 5GTKG $CPF 5GTKG WPF KP GKPJGKVNKEJGO )CP\NGKPGP Z $CPF KP 1TKI $TQUEJWT Z . 5%*9'+<'4+5%*' 07/+5/#6+5%*' 470&5%*#7 $GTP *TUI XQP FGT 5EJYGK\GTKUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKUEJGP )GUGNNUEJCHV $CPF &GT 5EJCV\HWPF XQP %QTEGNNGU RT½U 2C[GTPG WPF #NNG KP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 4ÒEMGP WPF 'KPD·PFG VGKNYGKUG DGUEJTKHVGV WPF GVYCU UEJOWV\KI 2CRKGT DGK $CPF IGYGNNV
'PJ·NV CWEJ FGP #WHUCV\ XQP ,GPMKPU ÒDGT FKG 5KEKNQ 2WPKUEJGP 6GVTCFTCEJOGP
. 9+'0'4 07/+5/#6+5%*' /10#65*'(6' $CPF +P \YGK $·PFGP KP *CNDNGK PGP IGDWPFGP 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJG $KPFWPIGP 6GKNYGKUG UVQEMHNGEMKI $KPFWPI GVYCU NQEMGT 9GPKIG 6HP NQUG
. -1081.76 -QPXQNWV XQP 'KP\GND·PFGP QFGT MNGKPGP 5GTKGP XQP \WOGKUV GWTQR·KUEJGP PWOKUOCVK UEJGP <GKVUEJTKHVGP FCTKP GPVJCNVGP XKGNG KPVGTGUUCPVG WPF YKEJVKIG #WHU·V\G XGTUEJKGFGPG *GTCWUIG DGT )CP\NGKPGP Z *CNDNGKPGP Z $TQUEJWT
103
AUKTIONSKATALOGE
#7-6+105-#6#.1)' . $#.. 4 $GTNKP #WMVKQP XQO *CNDNGKPGP OKV $NGKUVKHVPQVK\GP #WMVKQP XQO 1TKI $TQUEJWT #WMVKQP XQO 1TKI $TQUEJWT #WMVKQP XQO OKV 5EJ·V\NKUVG 1TKI $TQUEJWT #WMVKQP XQO OKV 5EJ·V\NKUVG 1TKI $TQUEJWT #WMVKQP XQO OKV 5EJ·V\NKUVG *CNDNGFGT DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG #WMVKQP XQO OKV 5EJ·V\NK UVG
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI -PQDNCWEJ /KVVGNCNVGT 0GW\GKV 5NI 5VTWRR 5CEJUGP 'TPGUVKPGT DGU -NCRROÒV\GPVCNGT 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 0GW\GKV 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 7PKXGTUCN DGU (WNFC 0TP 6HP 5. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI *GKNDTWPP 5CEJUGP )QNFOÒP\GP 4CTKV·VGP 0TP 6HP 5. #WMVKQP XQO #PVKMG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO &WDNGVVGP FGU UVCCVNK EJGP /ÒP\MCDKPGVVU $GTNKP W C 7PKXGTUCN DGU /KVVGNCNVGT (WPF XQP +UVTWU /ÒP\GP $TGOGP )GIGP UVGORGN 0TP 6HP 5. #WMVKQP XQO 7PKXGTUCN DGU $TCPFGPDWTI 2TGWGP $TCWPUEJYGKI /CPUHGNF 0TP 6HP 5. OKV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 2TKP\ .GQRQNF XQP 2TGWGP? 1TFGP .ÌUGT 0TP 6HP 5. +P FTGK $·PFGP KP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQU IGDWPFGP
. 8GTMCWHUMCVCNQI XQP $GUQPFGTU $TCPFGPDWTI WPF #PVKMG +P FTGK $·PFGP KP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQU IGDWPFGP FC\W \CJNTGKEJG 8GTMCWHUNKUVGP FGT ,CJTG $TQUEJKGTV
*QEJKPVGTGUUCPVGU -QPXQNWV
. $#4#0195-+ / /KNCPQ #WMVKQP XQO 5NI %W\\K 2CTVG 2TKOC /QPGVG 4QOCPG 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT #WMVKQP XQO 5NI %W\\K 2CTVG 5GEQPFC /QPGVG FK <GEEJG +VCNKCPG 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI %CXCNNCTQ 2CTVG 2TKOC /QPGVG +VCNKCPG 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQ UEJWT IWVG 'TJCNVWPI &C\W (GUVRTGKUNKUVGP XQP WPF
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI %CXCNNCTQ 2CTVG 2TKOC /QPGVG +VCNKCPG 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQ UEJWT IWVG 'TJCNVWPI
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 6TCXGTUQ WPF 5NI /CTVKPK /QPGVG )TGEJG G 4QOCPG 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT $KPFWPI IGDTQEJGP NGV\VG 6H \GTTKUUGP
. #WMVKQP XQO %QNNG\KQPG FK CPVKEC G PQDKNG (COKINKC FGNN +VCNKC UGVVGPVTKQPCNG G FK CNVTK #OCVQTK /QPGVG FK <GEEJG +VCNKCPG 2CTVG + G ++ 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 4ÒEMGP IGDTQ EJGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 6TCXGTUQ /QPGVG FK <GEEJG +VCNKCPG 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQ UEJWT 4ÒEMGP IGDTQEJGP
. $'./106' , LWP *CODWTI #WMVKQP XQO 5NI )WVJGKN 0TP WPF 0TP .KVGTCVWT '. DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5EJWNV\G 5V·FVGOÒP\GP 0TP '. DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG 9';. # $GTNKP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (KGYGIGT 5CV[TKUEJG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 0TP #WMVKQP XQO &WDNGVVGP FGU /ÒP\MCDKPGVVU )QVJC )TKGEJGP 4ÌOGT 0TP #WMVKQP XQO &WDNGVVGP FGU /ÒP\MCDKPGVVU $GTNKP 6GKN 7PKXGTUCN 0TP '. DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG #WMVKQP XQO &WDNGVVGP FGU /ÒP\MCDK PGVVU $GTNKP 6GKN $GU #PVKMG 0TP '. DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. $'4/#00 , 9KGP #WMVKQP XQO 8GT\GKEJPKU GKP UGJT ITQUUGP WPF UGJT IGY·JNVGP RQNPK UEJGP /ÒP\ W /GFCKNNGP 5COONWPI FCPP GKPGT 5COONWPI XQP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP CNNGT .·PFGT 8GTHCUUV XQP .GQP /KMQEMK 0TP 6HP *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI FG 6TCWZ 7PKXGTUCN 0TP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
. $+0&'4 ) *CODWTI 8GTMCWHUMCVCNQI *CODWTIGT /ÒP\XGTMGJT FKXGTUG .KUVGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP FC\W )#48' , *CODWTI 8GTMCWHUMCVCNQI *CODWTIKUEJG /ÒP\GP *'4+0) ' *CODWTI 8GTMCWHUMCVCNQI /ª0&*'+/ / 0CEJH *CODWTI 8GTMCWHUMCVC NQIG 122'. ( *CODWTI 8GTMCWHUMCVCNQI $TQUEJKGTV EC
. $174)'; ' 2CTKU #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 4QWUUGV #PVKMG )QNFOÒP\GP 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT #PUVTGKEJWPI CWH FGO &GEMGN
. $76610 ' (TCPMHWTVGT /ÒP\GPJCPFNWPI #WMVKQPGP WPF CWU FGP ,CJTGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT Z )CP\NGKPGP Z 1TKI IGJGHVGV Z -CTVQPKGTV Z
. %#*0 # ' (TCPMHWTV C / #WMVKQP XQO 5COONWPI GKPGU 5VWVVICTVGT /ÒP\HTGPFGU /ÒP\GP FGU WPF ,CJTJWPFGTVU 0TP /CPEJOCN OKV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI .CKDNG 0GW\GKV 0TP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI )TÒPGTV $TCWUEJYGKI 5QYKG GKPG 5COONWPI XQP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP CWH FKG 4GHQTOCVKQP 0TP '. +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQU IGDWPFGP
104
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . #WMVKQP XQO 5NI XQP *G[FGP 1TFGP XQP &GWVUEJNCPF ¤UVGTTGKEJ 7PICTP 'PINCPF 7NTKEJUMTGW\G 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI )TQVG WPF $CTFV /KVVGNCNVGT (F )TÒPUVCFV 2HCN\ 5NI )TGGPG 5KG IGNUVGORGN 0TP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI .QVJQN\ 0GW\GKV DGU 0ÒTPDGTI 4GHQTOC VKQP 5NI )TQVG 6GKN /KVVGNCNVGT $T #PUDCEJ 0TP 6HP '. +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQU IGDWPFGP
. 5NI XQP /QNVJGKP 'TI·P\WPIU WPF *CPFMCVCNQI \WT 8GTUVGKIGTWPI CO 5 )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5COONWPI XQP /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP XQP (TCPMHWTV C / CWU CNVGO $GUKV\ 0TP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI *G[FGP WPF $WJNGTU 1TFGP XQP (TCPMTGKEJ $GNIKGP WPF &GWVUEJNCPF 0TP )CP\NGKPGP #
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 4WHH 5V·FVGOÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP $TCWPUEJYGKI )QNFOÒP\GP 0TP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
. #WMVKQPGP XQO 5NI /CTVKPK #PVKMG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6H )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO #WIUDWTI 5EJYGK\ 5NI 2CN¾\KGWZ /ÒP\GP FGU $KUVWOU 5KVVGP 0TP 6H #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5=EJNKGHHGP? 0GW\GKV 0TP 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 0CVJWUKWU WPF 9CNEJGT 6CNGT /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT 5VCFV 5EJY·DKUEJ *CNN 0TP 6HP '. *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI $WEJGPCW WPF *G[G /KVVGNCNVGT 0KGFGTUCEJUGP 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQU GTJCNVGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI $WEJGPCW WPF *G[G /KVVGNCNVGT 0KGFGTUCEJUGP 0TP 6HP $TQUEJKGTV &GEMGN DGUEJ·FKIV WPF 4ÒEMGP IGMNGDV +PJCNV VCFGNNQU
. #WMVKQP 5NI 5EJNGUKPIGT 5NI -KTUEJ 5NI 4KVVGT XQP *ÌHMGP *CVVKPIUJGKO 5NI $GEM 5NI $QYKG 5NI <=QDGN? =5NI 5VTCWUU?
5NI XQP *=ÒVVGPDCEJ? 5NI 5KOQP 5NI 0KGU 5NI (ÒTUVGPDGTI 5NI (ÒTUVGPDGTI
5NI 5CWNE[ WPF (ÒTUVGPDGTI 5NI 2KGRGT WPF 5VGIGT /CPEJOCN OKV 5. &KG -CVCNQIG DTQUEJKGTV FKG ÒDTKIGP KP $·PFGP KP OQFGTPGP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQPGP XQO 5NI 5EJTCFGT 9ÒTVVGODGTI 0QVOÒP\GP 0TP 6H #WMVKQP XQO &GWVUEJG 6CNGT +VCNKGP $TCMVGCVGP 0TP 6H #WMVKQP XQO 5NI XQP *G[FGP 'JTGP\GKEJGP XQP +VCNKGP 5EJYGK\ 4WUUNCPF 2QNGP GVE 0TP +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQU IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI XQP *G[FGP 'JTGP\GKEJGP XQP +VCNKGP 5EJYGK\ 4WUUNCPF 2QNGP GVE 0TP $TQUEJKGTV 4ÒEMGP DGUEJ·FKIV
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI XQP $CNFKPIGT #PVKMG 9ÒTVVGODGTI 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI -KTUEJ 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 2CRKGT NGKEJV IGDT·WPV
. #WMVKQP 5NI 1GTVGN #PVKMG 5NI 5VGIGT /ÒP\GP FGT TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT 6KVGNDNCVV HGJNV 5NI &T ( 4ÌOKUEJG -CKUGTOÒP\GP 5NI (ÒTUV \W 9KPFKUEJ )T·V\ 5COONWPI TÌOKUEJGT /ÒP\GP 5COONWPI GKPGU TJGKPKUEJGP )GNGJTVGP 5GTKG DCTDCTKUEJGT /ÒP\GP $TCMVGCVGP 5COONWPI GKPGU 0WOKUOCVKMGTU KP -NGKPCUKGP #PVKMG /ÒP\GP 5NI *CJP #PVKMG #PVKMG 6GKN ++ FGU JGT\QINKEJ CPJCNVKUEJGP /ÒP\MCDKPGVVU 5NI 'XCPU .CYTGPEG XQP -QDNKV\ 5VGIGT 6GKNYGKUG DGKIG UEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG WPF 5EJ·V\NKUVGP -CVCNQIG KP $·PFGP KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO -WPUVOGFCKNNGP FGU :8 :8++ ,CJTJWPFGTVU 5CEJUGP 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI *GKPTKEK /GFCKNNGP WPF 2NCMGVVGP FGT 4GPCKU UCPEG 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO &WDNGVVGP FGU (ÒTUVNKEJ (ÒTUVGPDGTIKUEJGP /ÒP\MCDKPGVVU 0TP 6HP #WMVKQPGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP &CU (ÒTUVNKEJ (ÒTUVGPDGTIKUEJG /ÒP\MCDK PGVV \W &QPCWGUEJKPIGP 6GKN 0CEJVTCI 0TP 0CEJVTCI 6HP 5. GKPIGDWPFGP /CPEJOCN OKV DGKIG UEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP +P FTGK $·PFGP KP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQU IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (TKGFGPUDWTI /ÒP\GP FGU FGWVUEJGP /KVVGNCNVGTU 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG 2CRKGT GVYCU IGDT·WPV *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /WGNNGT .GDCPQP -WPUVOGFCKNNGP FGT 4GPCKUUCPEG\GKV DGU FGWVUEJG 0TP 6HP 2CRRDCPF CWH FGP GTUVGP 5GKVGP MNGKPGT 'KPTKUU
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN /ÒP\GPJCPFNWPI ,WNKWU ,GPMG
*QEJKPVGTGUUCPVGU -QPXQNWV \WT PGW\GKVNKEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM OKV YKEJVKIGP 5COONWPIGP
#WMVKQPUMCVCNQIG \WT CPVKMGP 0WOKUOCVKM
105
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . #WMVKQP XQO 5NI GKPGU 0WOKUOCVKMGTU KP -NGKPCUKGP /ÒP\GP FGT #PVKMG $[\CP\ $CTDC TGP WPF 8ÌNMGTYCPFGTWPIU\GKV 0T 6HP )CP\NGKPGP GKPKIG 0QVK\GP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5KOQP 4ÌOGT WPF )TKGEJGP 0TP 6HP 5. $GKIGUEJTKG DGPG 2TGKUG )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI .ÌHHNGT 5EJNGUKGP 0TP 6HP JCPFIGEJTKGDGPG '. 1TKI $TQUEJWT 4ÒEMGP NGKEJV DGUEJ·FKIV
. #WMVKQP XQO 0QTFFGWVUEJG 5COONWPI =.CIGT FGT (KTOC 4KGEJOCPP *CNNG? 0GW\GKVNKEJG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 6GKN *CDUDWTIKUEJG 'TDNCPFG )GKUVNKEJMGKV #NVHÒTUVGP 0TP 6HP 5. DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG #WMVKQP XQO 0QTFFGWVUEJG 5COONWPI =.CIGT FGT (KTOC 4KGEJOCPP *CNNG? 0GW\GKVNKEJG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 6GKN 5GTKGP FGT 0GWHÒTUVGP WPF 5V·FVG +VCNKGP 5EJYGK\ 0KGFGTNCPFG WPF 2GTUQPGPOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP 5. DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQU IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI ( FG 5CWNE[ &CU HÒTUVNKEJ HÒTUVGPDGTIKUEJG /ÒP\MCDKPGVV \W &QPCW GUEJKPIGP 6GKN 8++ &KG /ÒP\GP XQP .QVJTKPIGP FGT HTCP\ÌUKUEJGP (GQFCNGP FGT /GTQYKPIGT WPF -CTQNKPIGT UQYKG FGT HTCP\ÌUKUEJGP -ÌPKIG DKU KPEN (TCP\ + 0TP 6HP *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP IGOGKPUCO OKV *GUU 0CEJH XQO 5NI *CGDGTNKP &KG )QNF WPF 5KNDGTOÒP \GP FGT TÌOKUEJGP 4GRWDNKM 0TP 6HP //#) )CP\NGKPGP
. 8GTMCWHUMCVCNQIG CWU FGP ,CJTGP DKU .KUVGP DTQUEJKGTV *CND WPF )CP\NGKPGP VGKNYGKUG DGUEJ·FKIV EC
. #WMVKQPGP XQO WPF XQO 1TKI $TQUEJWT VGKNYGKUG OKV 5.
. %#0'55# % WPF ' 0GCRGN #WMVKQP XQO 5NI %QNQPPC 2TGOK½T 2CTVKG /QPPCKGU +VCNKGPPGU 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 6CHGNVGKN NQUG
. %*4+56+' /#0510 CPF 911&5 .6& .QPFQP 4QO 0GY ;QTM #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 1 $[TPG 6GKN 8+ 5CEJUGP 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 4ÒEMGP NGKEJV DGUEJ·FKIV OKV $KDNKQVJGMUUVGORGN
. %+#0+ . 2CTKU #WMVKQP XQO 5NI FG )TCPFRTG[ #PVKMG (TCPMTGKEJ /GFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG VGKNYGKUG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG -·WHGT 1TKI $TQUEJWT 4ÒEMGP DG UEJ·FKIV . #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (NQTCPIG .QVJTKPIGP 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP # . #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (NQTCPIG .QVJTKPIGP 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT #
. %.'4+%+ % WPF % /KNCPQ #WMVKQP XQO 5NI %CRTQVVK 6GKN )TKGEJKUEJG WPF TÌOK UEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP *CNDNGKPGP
. &1416*'7/ 9KGP #WMVKQPGP XQO 5NI <GPQ 6GKN )TKG EJGP WPF 4ÌOGT 0TP 6HP 6HP 6HP '. -CVCNQIG KP FTGK $·PFGP IGDWPFGP $TQ UEJWT //#)
. &724+'< % $TÒUUGN #WMVKQPGP XQO Z Z .KUVGP WPF ,CP ( /7..'4 #OUVGTFCO #WMVKQPGP XQO
Z Z Z $TQUEJKGTV
9GPKI DGMCPPVG ITQG 5COONWPI OKV CWUIGURTQEJGPGP 5CEJUGP 4CTKV·VGP
1331
. '))'4 $4ª&'4 9KGP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /KPWU 6CNGT WPF /GFCKNNGP 5NI 2TGKUU $CNVKMWO 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG *CNDNGKPGP DGUVQGP //#) /KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN % ( )GDGTV
106
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . #WMVKQP XQO /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 5COONWPI CNNGT .·PFGT FGU *GTTP )TCHGP < 0TP 6HP '. *CNDNGKPGP
1333
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 7PIGT #PVKMG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT ÌUVGTTTGKEJKUEJ WPICTKUEJGP /QPCTEJKG 0TP 6HP *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI .CVQWT XQP 6JWTODWTI 6GKN #PVKMG *CDUDWTI 'WTQRC 0TP QJPG 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI .CVQWT XQP 6JWTODWTI 6GKN )GKUVNKEJMGKV YGNVNK EJG *GTTGP 5V·FVG GVE 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO #PVKMG 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI %\KMCPP *CDUDWTI &GWVUEJNCPF 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6HP +O NGV\VGP -CVCNQI DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG -CVCNQIG KP GKPGO $CPF IGDWPFGP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 6TCW 7PKXGTUCN DGU 9KGPGT /GFCKNNGP -WPUVOGFCKNNGP 2NCMGVVGP 0TP 6HP *CNDNGKPGP NGKEJV DGUVQGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 6TCW 7PKXGTUCN DGU 9KGPGT /GFCKNNGP -WPUVOGFCKNNGP 2NCMGVVGP 0TP 6HP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2TQYG #PVKMG 0TP 6HP DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG #WMVKQP XQO )TKGEJGP DGU 5K\KNKGP 0TP 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI )TCH $GTEJVQNF *CDUDWTI 7PICTP 5KGDGPDÒTIGP &GWVUEJNCPF 0TP 6HP /KV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP WPF 6GZVCWUUEJPKVVGP #WMVKQP XQO )QNFOÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP 'KPG 5GKVG NGKEJV DGUEJ·FKIV #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /KNNGT \W #KEJJQN\ &GWVUEJNCPF 'WTQRC 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 4WUUKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG +P \YGK $·PFGP KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWP FGP &C\W #WMVKQP XQO 5NI -TCHV 7PKXGTUCN DGU *CDUDWTI &GWVUEJNCPF 5EJYGK\ 'KUGPDCJPOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP *CNDNGKPGP #WMVKQP XQO ¤UVGTTGKEJ 9GUV HCNGP #WUDGWVG 'NUCUU 0TP 6HP Z $TQUEJKGTV DGUVQGP WPF DGUEJ·FKIV
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI .GUVTCPIGU )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO )TKGEJKUEJG WPF TÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP &WDNGVVGP FGT /ÒP\UCOONWPIGP FGU CNNGTJÌEJUVGP -CKUGTJCWUGU 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP OKV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP -CVCNQIG KP GKPGO $CPF IGDWPFGP )CP\NGKPGP 9CUUGTUEJCFGP CO QDGTGP 4CPF HNGEMKI
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2TQYG )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP /KV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP WPF MNGKPGP 0QVK\GP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI %J=TKUVKVEJ? XQTOCNU 5NI $G[ #PVKMG 0TP 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
#WMVKQP OKV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN &T ( : 9GK\KPIGT %Q
. #WMVKQP XQO ¤UVGTTGKEJ 9GUVHCNGP #WUDGWVG 'NUCUU 0TP 6HP )CP\ NGKPGP 6CHGN OKV 6GUC TGRCTKGTV
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI %J=TKUVKVEJ? XQTOCNU $G[ )TKGEJGP 4ÌOGT $[\CP\ 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 4ÒEMGP GKPIGTKUUGP #WUUEJPKVV CWH 6H
107
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . #WMVKQP XQO )TKGEJKUEJG WPF TÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP QJPG 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2TQYG )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP /CPEJ OCN OKV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP &C\W #WMVKQP XQO 4ÌOGT $TCPFGPDWTI (TCPMGP 5CN\DWTI 5V )GQTIUOÒP\GP 0TP QJPG 6HP $GUKV\GT UVGORGN *KUVQTKUEJGT 8GTGKP HÒT 1DGTRHCN\ WPF 4GIGPUDWTI $TQUEJKGTV
. 8GTMCWHUNKUVGP KP GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP &C\W 8GTMCWHUNKUVGP
Z Z Z $TQUEJKGTV DGUEJ·FKIV UVQEMHNGEMKI VGKNYGKUG NQUG
. ('7#4&'06 (4 4'5 2CTKU #WMVKQP XQO =5NI /CVVG[? )TKGEJGP 0TP 6HP DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG 1TKI $TQUEJWT GKPKIG #PUVTGKEJWPIGP KO 6GZV
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI & WPF ) )TKGEJKUEJG TÌOKUEJG WPF HTCP\ÌUKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 4ÒEMGP IGTKPIHÒIKI DGUEJ·FKIV
. #WMVKQPGP XQO WPF XQO 5NI $QTFGCWZ 6GKN (TCPMTGKEJ 0TP 6HP '. XQP 6GKN GKPIGMNGDV /KV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP WPF XKGNGP -·WHGTPCOGP +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP YGPKIG #PUVTGKEJWPIGP //#)
. (+5%*'4 ' 9KGP 8GTMCWHUMCVCNQIG WPF +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CND NGKPGP IGDWPFGP &C\W FKG .KUVGP CNU DTQUEJKGTVG 'ZGORNCTG
. (.14#0)' , WPF %+#0+ . 2CTKU #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (GTTCTK NC 4GPQVK½TG 2CRUVOÒP\GP WPF 5CXQ[GP 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 7OUEJNCI NQUG
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI )CNNGV )TKGEJKUEJG WPF TÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP -WPUVOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP $TQUEJKGTV OKV )GDTCWEJUURWTGP #
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI $CTTCEJKP #PVKSWKV·VGP ITKGEJKUEJG TÌOKUEJG WPF HTCP\ÌUKUEJG /ÒP \GP 0TP 6HP '. OKVGKPIGDWPFGP DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG *CNDNGFGT '. OKV 6GUC TGRCTKGTV
. #WMVKQPGP XQO WPF 5NI #NNQVVG FG NC (W[G 6GKN WPF )TKGEJKUEJG TÌOKUEJG WPF D[\CPVKPKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO (TCPMTGKEJ 0TP 6HP *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQPGP XQO WPF XQO 6GKNG (TCPMTGKEJ 0TP 6HP '. DGKIGDWPFGP *CNDNGFGT RTCEJVXQNN GTJCNVGP
'Z NKDTKU $GTPJCTF 5EJWNVG
. (4'; * 2 4 (TGKDWTI KO $TGKUICW UR·VGT $.#5'4 (4'; #WMVKQPGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP 6GKNYGKUG OKV '. QFGT DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT Z )CP\NGKPGP Z
. )#'66'05 4 .ÒDGEM #WMVKQPGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP OKV DG UQPFGTGT 5GTKG -CTQNKPIGT WPF U·EJUKUEJ HT·PMKUEJG -CKUGT\GKV 6GKNYGKUG OKV '. 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. )'$'46 % ( 0ÒTPDGTI #WMVKQPUNKUVGP WPF /ÒP\ 8GTMGJT 0ÒTPDGTI $ &CDGK YGPKIG &WDNGVVGP 2CRKGT VGKNYGKUG IGDT·WPV DTQ UEJKGTV IGJGHVGV QFGT NQUG $N·VVGT
+PVGTGUUCPVGU -QPXQNWV
1358
. )+.*1('4 4#05%*$74) 9KGP WPF *'55 # .W\GTP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 6TCW /ÒP\GP FGT TÌOKUEJGP -CKUGT 0TP 6HP 5. $TQUEJKGTV 108
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . ).'0&+0+0) %1 WPF 5'#$; $ # .QPFQP #WMVKQP XQO )TKGEJKUEJG WPF TÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 7OUEJNCI DGUEJ·FKIV
. )4#$19 . 4QUVQEM UR·VGT $GTNKP WPF /'755 * *CODWTI #WMVKQPGP XQO WPF XQO 5NI 4QGRGT 6GKNG 0QTFFGWVUEJNCPF (TQPVKURK\ 0TP 6HP 5. #NU 6GZV WPF 6CHGNDCPF IGDWPFGP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQUG 'TJCNVWPI
#NNG 5. OKV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN &T 9 6JGKNG 4GEJVUCPYCNV .GKR\KI 6CHGN OK $GUKV\GTUVGORGN -NCWU -NCFGP
. )4#$19 . 4QUVQEM UR·VGT $GTNKP #WMVKQPGP XQO Z GKPOCN QJPG 6CHGNP 1TKI $TQUEJWT VGKNYGKUG OKV 5.
. #WMVKQPGP # CWU FGP ,CJTGP /GKUVGPU OKV 5. VGKNYGKUG OKV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP -CVCNQI # DTQUEJKGTV FKG CPFGTGP -CVCNQIG KP $·PFGP KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
1363
. *#/$74)'4 , (TCPMHWTV C / #WMVKQPGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP 5NI 4KVVGT XQP 9KN OGTUFÌTHHGT 6GKN /KVVGNCNVGT WPF 0GW\GKV DGU -WPUVOGFCKNNGP WPF &GWVUEJNCPF 0TP \WU 6HP '. GKPIGDWPFGP CWGT KP 6GKN $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG KP 6GKN +P 6GKN HGJNGP FKG 5GK VGP -CVCNQIG KP \YGK $·PFGP IGDWPFGP #NNG -CVCNQIG UKPF &GFKECVKQPUGZGORNCTG *CNDNGKPGP //#)
. #WMVKQPGP XQO WPF 5NI 4KVVGT XQP 9KNOGTUFÌTHHGT 6GKN /KVVGNCNVGT WPF 0GW\GKV DGU -WPUVOGFCKNNGP FGT 4GPCKUUCPEG WPF &GWVUEJNCPF 0TP 6HP 6HP 6HP '. \W 6GKN 6GKN OKV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWP FGP
$GK FGP #WMVKQPUMCVCNQIGP WPF JCPFGNV GU UKEJ WO &GFKECVKQPUGZGORNCTG
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5WEJKGT WPF 4KVVGT XQP 9KNOGTUFÌTHHGT #PVKMG 0TP 6HP '. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5WEJKGT *CPCW *GUUGP 5EJNGUKGP 0TP '. -CVCNQI KUV GKP &GFKECVKQPUGZGORNCT +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. *#/$74)'4 . (TCPMHWTV C / #WMVKQP XQO 5NI $WTUKQ 0GW\GKV 5NI 5VGEMK 6GKN 2QNGP 5NI 8QIGNUVGKP /KVVGNCNVGT WPF #PVKMG 5NI <GKUDGTI 5GNVGPG 6CNGT WPF 2QTVT·VOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6H *#/$74)'4 . . (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI .ÌJT /KVVGNCNVGT WPF 0GW\GKV 5NI 5VGEMK 6GKN 2QNGP 5NI 4¾IPCWNV +VCNKGP DGU -KTEJUVCCV ,QJCPPKVGT 2TQDGP 0TP 6H /KV #PUVTGKEJWPIGP .GV\VG 5GKVG TGRCTKGTV +P \YGK $·PFGP KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI $WTUKQ 0GW\GKV 5NI 5VGEMK 6GKN 2QNGP 5NI 8QIGNUVGKP /KVVGNCNVGT WPF #PVKMG 5NI <GKUDGTI 5GNVGPG 6CNGT WPF 2QTVT·VOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6H *CNDNGKPGP
'Z NKDTKU 1VVQ 5EJWNGPDWTI
. *#/$74)'4 . . (TCPMHWTV C / #WMVKQP XQO *GUUKUEJG &WDNGVVGP WPF CWUIG UEJKGFGPG 5VÒEMG FGU )TQUUJGT\QINKEJ *GUUKUEJGP /ÒP\MCDKPGVVU KP &CTOUVCFV 5NI 5WJO $CFGP 5EJYGK\ 'NUC 5NI 5GNVOCP #PVKMG /ÒP\HWPF CWU 0CRNWU 0TP 6H )CP\NGKPGP
109
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5 WPF ) /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU WPF FGT 0GW\GKV 0TP 6H '. )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 9WPFGTN[? 6GKN #PVKMG &GWVUEJNCPF +VCNKGP 5RCPKGP GVE 0TP 6HP '. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 9WPFGTN[? 6GKN *CDUDWTI 4WNCPF -CUVKNKGP 'PINCPF (TCPMTGKEJ GVE 0TP 6HP DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 9WPFGTN[? 6GKN $CUGN WPF )GPH 0TP 6HP DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 9WPFGTN[? 6GKN -WPUVOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 9WPFGTN[? 6GKN (TGKDWTI 5EJYGK\ 5EJCHHJCWUGP 5QNVJWTP GVE 0TP 6HP '. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 9WPFGTN[? 6GKN $GTP 7TK 5EJY[\ 7PVGTYCNFGP <WI 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 9WPFGTN[? 6GKN .W\GTP 5EJY[\ )NCTWU #RRGP\GNN )TCWDÒPFGP #CTICW 6JWTICW 6GUUKP 9CCTFV 9CNNKU 0GWEJ³VGN 5WN\ 5V $NCUKGP 0TP 6HP 6GKN KP GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP 6GKN DTQUEJKGTV
. #WMVKQP XQO -WPUVOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2PKQYGT 5EJNGUKGP 5NI 2GVVKPCVK 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6HP '. +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5CWTOC ,GNVUEJ $GIKPP FGT )TQUEJGPRGTKQFG DKU \WT -KRRGT\GKV 0TP 6HP '. GKPIGDWPFGP DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG *CNDNGFGT GVYCU UVQEMHNGEMKI 4ÒEMGP NQUG //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO &WDNGVVGP WPF 0KEJVUEJNGUKUEJG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGU /WUGWO 5EJNG UKUEJGT #NVGTVJÒOGT 9ÒTVVGODGTI 1GNU 9CNNGPUVGKP (TGKOCWTGT 6JGWGTWPIUOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP '. OKV 6CHGNCWUEJPKVV CWH FGT GTUVGP 6H #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5CVVNGT 7PKXGTUCN DG UQPFGTU 5EJYGK\ $KDNKQVJGM FGU 2TKP\GP #NGZCPFGT XQP *GUUGP WPF DGK 4JGKP 0TP OKV DGKIG UEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP #WMVKQP XQO =5NI *G[OCPP? -ÌNP (TCPMHWTV 0TP OKV DGKIG UEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG #WMVKQP XQO 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 4WNCPF (TCPMHWTV 0TP 6HP '. #WMVKQP XQO #PVKMG $KDNKQVJGM 0TP 6H +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5VTQGJNKP 5GNVGPJGKVGP 0TP 6HP DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG #WMVKQP XQO 5NI )WKFK WPF )WVGMWPUV 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6H #WMVKQP XQO 5CN\DWTI (TCPMHWTV 0TP 6HP DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG #WMVKQP XQO 5NI &T $CGUGEMG 7PKXGTUCN 0QVOÒP\GP *CDUDWTI 0TP 6HP '. +P GKPGO -CVCNQI KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQPGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP 5NI )PGEEJK 6GKN +VCNKGPKUEJG /ÒP\GP WPF $KDNKQVJGM 0TP 6HP /GKUVGPU OKV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP -CVCNQIG KP GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\GNGKPGP VCFGNNQU IGDWPFGP //#)
. #WMVKQPGP WPF XQO WPF 5NI 2QIIG 6GKN WPF 2QOOGTP 4WUUNCPF 2QNGP &·PGOCTM 5EJYGFGP WPF /GEMNGPDWTI 0TP 0TP 6HP 6HP '. +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI *GPPGDGTI 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6HP '. )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQPGP XQO 6GZV WPF 6CHGNDCPF 1TKI $TQUEJWT Z *CNDNGKPGP Z 2CRRDCPF Z
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI )GUUPGT? 6GKN 5EJYGK\ 0TP #WMVKQP XQO =5NI )GUUPGT? 6GKN 5EJYGK\ 0TP 6HP 'KPG 5GKVG NQUG #WMVKQP XQO 5NI +MN¾ 5EJYGK\GT )QNFOÒP\GP 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (QTF WPF ,QUGRJ 5EJYGK\ 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5EJYGK\ 0TP 6HP #WMVKQ PGP XQO 6GKN + ++ =5NI $CEJQHGP $WTEMJCTFV $CUGN ? 5EJYGK\GT /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP X C <ÒTKEJ $GTP .W\GTP 5QNQVJWTP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI )TQUU OCPP 5EJYGK\ 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI +MN¾ 5EJYGK\GT /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 5VWT\GPGIIGT? 5EJYGK\GTKUEJG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP 5. #WMVKQP DTQUEJKGTV &KG CPFGTGP -CVCNQIG UKPF KP $·PFGP KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI )GUUPGT? 6GKN 5EJYGK\ 0TP #WMVKQP XQO =5NI )GUUPGT? 6GKN 5EJYGK\ 0TP 6HP DGKFG OKV DGKIGNGIVGT '. +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP //#)
'Z NKDTKU 5RKPM 5QP 0WOKUOCVKEU .VF
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI +MN¾ 5EJYGK\GT )QNFOÒP\GP 0TP 6HP '. DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG )CP\NGKPGP 7OUEJNCI GVYCU DGUEJOWV\V
. #WMVKQPGP WPF XQO WPF 5NI ,QUGRJ 6GKN WPF &GWVUEJNCPF DGU 4JGKPNCPF /KVVGNTJGKP *GUUGP .WZGODWTI HTCP\ÌUKUEJG /GFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP DGKIGUEJTKG DGPG 2TGKUG -CVCNQIG KP GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
110
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 7JTOCEJGT /KVVGNCNVGT 0GW\GKV DGU $TCWPUEJYGKI WPF -ÌNP 0TP MQORNGVV 6HP )CP\NGKPGP # . #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 'DPGT 9ÒTVVGODGTI 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5EJ=PGKFGT? 'NUC 0TP 6HP $TQUEJKGTV DGUVQGP 4ÒEMGP DGUEJ·FKIV //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI XQP 4 5EJNGUKGP 5NI XQP %NCGT /GFCKNNGP (TKGFTKEJU FGU )TQGP &GT $TCMVGCVGPHWPF XQP .KEJVGPDGTI 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI =5RÌVVN? 5CN\DWTI 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO #NVG 5COONWPI R·RUVNKEJGT /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP $TQUEJKGTV DGUVQ GP
. #WMVKQPGP XQO 5NI 8QIGN 6GKNG ++ 8++ +PUIGUCOV 0TP 6HP /KV DGKIG UEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP +P \YGK $·PFGP KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP . #WMVKQP XQO 8KGTVGNVCNGT 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
1391
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 8QIGN 6GKN -WPUVOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP (QNKQ )CP\NGKPGP 6KVGNUGKVG TGRCTKGTV -NGKPG 9CUUGTHNGEMGP . #WMVKQP XQO 5NI *CWGT /GEMNGPDWTI 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT . #WMVKQP XQO 5NI %WTVKWU XQO XQO 5NI 9QNHH XQO XQO OKV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP XQO OKV DGKIGUEJTKGDG PGP 2TGKUGP XQO OKV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP XQO XQO
VGKNYGKUG OKV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP XQO XQO 5NI 2TKP\ 2JKNKRR XQP 5CEJUGP %QDWTI )QVJC XQO &C\W GKPKIG .CIGTMCVCNQIG &KG GTUVGP OKV '. -C VCNQIG KP $·PFGP KP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQU IGDWPFGP
*QEJKPVGTGUUCPVGU -QPXQNWV OKV GKPKIGP 5COONWPIGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2TKP\ 2JKNKRR XQP 5CEJUGP %QDWTI )QVJC 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT GTUVGP XKGT 5GKVGP TGRCTKGTV $NGKUVKHVPQVK\GP #
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI XQP -CWHOCPP #PVKMG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 7PIGT &WDNGVVGP FGU $GTNKPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVVU #PVKMG $CTDCTGP 9ÒTVVGODGTI 1NFGP DWTI -WPUVOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO #PVKMG DGU <GPVTCNITKGEJGP NCPF #UKGP #HTKMC 0TP 6HP 5. #WMVKQP XQO )TKGEJKUEJG WPF TÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP 5. #WMVKQP XQO )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP DGU 5K\KNKGP 0TP 6HP 5. -CVCNQIG KP $·PFGP KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 2QNPKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP 5. #WMVKQP XQO 4ÌOKUEJG 4GRWDNKM )QNFOÒP\GP $TCMVGCVGP 0TP 6HP 5. +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
111
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . *'$'4.' , / * .GORGTV\ 5ÌJPG -ÌNP #WMVKQPGP XQO 5NI *WIQ )CTVJG
6GKNYGKUG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG WPF 0QVK\GP 5NI $NCUU (WEJU /CLGTWU -ÌNP 5NI 5EJCNNGPDGTI 5NI 0CVJCP -ÌNP 5NI 5CEJUG 5NI $TCOO WPF 8CECPQ 5NI 5RGKGT /#6* .'/2'46<y $7%**#0&.70) 70& #06+37#4+#6 #WMVKQP XQO 5NI $KPIGP 6CHGNP MPCRR DGUEJPKVVGP /CPEJOCN 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV +P FTGK $·PFGP KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. *'.$+0) * /ÒPEJGP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI #TVCTKC 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5COONWPI ITKGEJKUEJGT W TÌOKUEJGT /ÒP\GP CWU FGO 0CEJNCUU FGU KP 9ÒT\DWTI XGT UVQTDGPGP *GTTP 2TQHGUUQTU 2 / 0TP /KV #PUVTGKEJWPIGP +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWP FGP
. *'.$+0) 1 /ÒPEJGP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI =)TGKP? #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /GGUG 5NI 1EJ 5CN\DWTI 9GKJGOÒP\GP 5NI 5EJTCV\ 9GKJGOÒP\GP '. #WMVKQP XQO '. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 9GTVJGKOGT 6KTQN #WMVKQP XQO 5NI XQP (CNMGPJCWUGP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 4=GKEJGPYCNNPGT? 5CN\DWTI 5NI 9CNVGT #WMVKQP XQO '. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI .KPFPGT 5CN\DWTI *CDUDWTI GVE '. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (WTIGT 5EJYGK\ 1JPG 6HP '. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI *CTVOCPP WPF .QEJPGT '. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /CWTGT WPF -GNNGTOC[T #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5EJTQVV '. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI $GTIGT #WMVKQP XQO 5NI *ÌT WPF 5NI $TG[OC[GT '. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI )GDJCTFV WPF 5NI )WDG WPF 5NI %WTVKWU #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (KUEJGT 6GKNYGKUG 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV 6GKNYGKUG OKV DGKIG UEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP /CPEJG 5GKVGP TGRCTKGTV +P $·PFGP KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQPGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP 'PVJCNVGP UKPF FKG 5COONWPIGP 5NI .KPFPGT 5CN\DWTI *CDUDWTI 5NI )GDTÒFGT (WTIGT 5EJYGK\ 5NI *CTVOCPP WPF 5NI .QEJPGT /KVVGNCNVGT WPF 0GW\GKV 5NI /CWTGT WPF 5NI -GNNGTOC[T /KVVGNCNVGT WPF 0GW\GKV $ÌJOGP 'IIGPDGTI 5EJNKEM 9CNNGPUVGKP 5NI 5EJTQVV 7PKXGTUCN =5NI 4CKPGT? 6GKNG 7PKXGTUCN #NNG OKV '. +P $·PFGP KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
'Z NKDTKU 'F /GTVGPU *CPPQXGT KO 8QTUCV\
. #WMVKQPGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP WPF 5NI =4CKPGT? 6GKN 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6HP '. GKPIGDWPFGP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG -CVCNQIG KP GKPGO $CPF IGDWPFGP *CNDNGFGT DGTKG DGP WPF DGUVQGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (TCPM 9ÒT\DWTI (F XQP 'NNOGPFKPIGP 5NI 9GKUU $CFGP 0TP 6HP '. #WMVKQP XQO 2QNGP &CP\KI 6JQTP 0TP 6HP '. 9G PKIG 6CHGNP NGKEJV TGRCTKGTV -CVCNQIG KP GKPGO $CPF IGDWPFGP )CP\NGKPGP
. *'.$+0) 0#%*( 1 /ÒPEJGP #WMVKQPGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP $GUV·PFG FGT CWHIG NÌUVGP (KTOC <5%*+'5%*' -¤&'4 .GKR\KI 6GKN 0TP 6HP $GKIG UEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG -CVCNQIG KP FTGK $·PFGP IGDWPFGP 'KPJGKVNKEJGT )CP\NGKPGP $·PFG VCFGNNQU GTJCN VGP //#)
. #WMVKQPGP 5NI =5QGEMGN? 5NI -CJNGTV WPF -T·OGT 5NI 9CNVGT 5NI (TGKJGTT \W 4JGKP 5NI FGN 5VTQVJGT 5NI *KPVGTUVQKUUGT 5NI 5GKH &CDGK GKPKIG &WDNGVVGP UQYKG 8GTMCWHUNKUVGP 6GKNYGKUG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG 1TKI $TQUEJWT
Z )CP\NGKPGP Z *CNDNGKPGP Z
*QEJKPVGTGUUCPVGU -QPXQNWV OKV DGFGWVGPFGP 5COONWPIGP WPF KP \WOGKUV VCFGNNQUGP )CP\NGKPGPGKPD·PFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 0CIGN (TGKOCWTGTOGFCKNNGP 5NI .QTGP\ 5EJYCNDCEJ 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI XQP 9CUUGTUEJNGDGP 2QOOGTP 1UVRTGWGP 0TP 6HP $GKIG UEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG WPF OCPEJOCN -·WHGT )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI $WEJGPCW /ÒP\GP FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU W C 0TP 6HP )CP\NGK PGP
. #WMVKQPGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP &CU (ÒTUVNKEJ (ÒTUVGPDGTIKUEJG /ÒP\MCDKPGVV \W &QPCWGUEJKPIGP 0TP 6HP 6GKNYGKUG 5. GKPIGDWPFGP OGKUV OKV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP -CVCNQIG KP FTGK $·PFGP KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP //#)
. #WMVKQPGP Z CWU FGP ,CJTGP ªDGTYKGIGPF 1TKI $TQUEJWT YGPKIG KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP VGKNYGKUG OKV 5. WPF '.
. *'55 # (TCPMHWTV C / #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 4WFQNRJ XQP 9KNFGPUVGKP <QNNGT WPF 5VÌNVKPI 6GKN 7PKXGTUCN #PVKMG (TCPMHWTV FGWVUEJG 5V·FVGOÒP\GP 0TP 6H '. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5VÌNVKPI 6GKN WPF %NGHH 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6H '. *CNDNGFGT WPF *CNDNGKPGP 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV WPF YGPKIG 5GKVGP GKPIGTKUUGP
112
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . #WMVKQP XQO 5NI $=KGDGT? 2QTVWIKGUKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6H #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5EJWNV\G )GKUVNKEJMGKV 0TP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 4QJFG $[\CP\ 0TP 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV /CPEJG 5GKVGP GKPIGTKUUGP +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGK PGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5GFIYKEM $GTGPF &GWVUEJNCPF +VCNKGP 5EJYGK\ /GFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI +V\KPIGT -WPUVOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP '. #WM VKQP XQO =5NI -QHNGT? *CDUDWTI -WPUVOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP *'55 0#%*( # (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (TKGFGTKEJ -WPUVOGFCKNNGP /GFCKNNGP FGU #PVQP 5EJCTHH 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 9JKVEQODG )TGGPG -WPUVOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 9JKVEQODG )TGGPG -WPUVOGFCKNNGP $TCPFGPDWTI 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 9JKVEQODG )TGGPG -WPUVOGFCKNNGP TÌOKUEJG )QNFOÒP\GP 0TP 6HP '. 6GKNYGKUG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG 'KPKIG 5GKVGP NQUG QFGT GKPIGTKU UGP -CVCNQIG KP GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP 2CRKGT NGKEJV IGDT·WPV WPF GVYCU DGUVQGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /QTGN (CVKQ /KVVGNCNVGT 0GW\GKV 5NI )GDGTV 'KEJUV·VV 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP 2CRKGT NGKEJV IGDT·WPV //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO WPF #WMVKQP XQO 5NI &QPGDCWGT 6GKN WPF $ÌJOGP 0TP 6GKNYGKUG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG -CVCNQIG KP GKPGO $CPF IGDWPFGP )CP\NGKPGP 2CRKGT NGKEJV IGDT·WPV
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5GEMGT 6CNGT 0TP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG 2CRKGT NGKEJV IG DT·WPV &KG GTUVGP FTGK 5GKVGP GKPIGTKUUGP
*QEJKPVGTGUUCPVGT 5COOGNDCPF OKV -CVCNQIGP ÒDGT -WPUVOGFCKNNGP
$GUKV\GTUVGORGN #FQNRJ *GUU 0CEJH
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI &GNDGEMG )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP =5NI XQP 4QVJ? -WPUVOGFCKNNGP 2QTVT·VOGFCKNNGP =5NI +XGTUGP? 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP #WH FGP GTUVGP \YGK 5GKVGP HGJNV FKG TGEJVG WPVGTG 'EMG //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO /KVVGNCNVGT DGU &GWVUEJNCPF 'PINCPF WPF 5MCPFKPCXKGP 5 OKV #DD 0TP 6H )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (CTKPC 4JGKPKUEJG .·PFGT $TCPFGPDWTI 2TGWGP 9GUVHCNGP 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP VCFGNNQU GTJCNVGPGU 'ZGORNCT FKGUGT DGFGWVGPFGP 5COONWPI
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (CTKPC 4JGKPKUEJG .·PFGT $TCPFGPDWTI 2TGWGP 9GUVHCNGP 0TP 6HP '. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI +UGPDGEM 7PKXGTUCN $CODGTI 9ÒT\DWTI /CI FGDWTI GVE 0TP '. &C\W *#/$74)'4 . . (TCPMHWTV C / #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5CWTOC ,GNVUEJ $GIKPP FGT )TQUEJGPRGTKQFG DKU \WT -KRRGT\GKV 0TP 6HP '. -CVC NQIG KP GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP 4ÒEMGP NQUG
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI FGU #TVU *CODWTI 0TP '. $GKIGDWPFGP 8GTMCWHUNKUVG XQP 8GTMCWHUNKUVG XQP 6JCNGT WPF /GFCKNNGP 5COONWPI
/KV OGJTGTGP $GUKV\GTUVGORGNP
. *'55 0#%*( # (TCPMHWTV C / #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 9GUGPGT 7PKXGTUCN 0TP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2PKQYGT $TCPFGPDWTI 2TGWGP 0TP 6HP '. +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /G[GT )GFCPGPUKU 6GKN /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGT -CKUGT WPF -ÌPKIG FGT )GKUVNKEJMGKV WPF FGT #NVHÒTUVNKEJGP *·WUGT 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /G[GT )GFCPGPUKU 6GKN 0GWHÒTUVGP +VCNKGP 5EJYGK\ 0KGFGTNCPFG GVE 0TP 6HP $GKFG OKV '. 6HP OKPKOCN CPIGUEJPKVVGP +P GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP DGUVQGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (GNKZ -WPUVOGFCKNNGP JCWRVU·EJNKEJ CWU FGT 2GTKQFG FGT FGWVUEJGP 4GPCKUUCPEG 5 OKV 0TP 6HP /KV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP WPF '. )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI $=KGDGT? 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6HP '. 2CRKGT NGKEJV IGDT·WPV )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5EJWNV\G /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP )WUVCX #FQNRJU -ÌPKI XQP 5EJYGFGP 0TP 6HP 6HP GYCU CPIGUEJPKVVGP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI XQP FGT *G[FGP $TCPFGPDWTI 2TGWGP 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI XQP FGT *G[FGP $TCPFGPDWTI 2TGWGP 4GHQTOCVKQP (TGKOCWTGT 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG WPF GKPKIG 0QVK\GP 6HP GVYCU CPIGUEJPKVVGP -CVCNQIG KP GKPGO $CPF IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 4QGFGT 9ÒT\DWTI 0TP 6H OKV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG 0QVK\GP CWH FGP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
113
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . #WMVKQP XQO 5NI XQP $ÒNQY /GEMNGPDWTI 5NI /ÌNNGT 7PKXGTUCN 5NI *QVJQTP 6KTQN 4JGKPNCPF 0TP #WMVKQP XQO =5NI *GKNDTQPPGT? 7PKXGTUCN =5NI 5EJÌP DGTI 6JCOOGPJCKP? 4GHQTOCVKQPUOÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP =5NI 2TKP\ )GQTI XQP 2TGWGP? 7PKXGTUCN 0TP '. 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQPGP Z 5NI )GUUPGT 5NI *QN\OCPP 5NI 8QIGN XQO #WM VKQPGP &WDNGVVGP FGU MÌPKINKEJGP /ÒP\MCDKPGVVU \W $GTNKP 6GKNYGKUG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG -CVCNQIG KP $·PFGP KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO &WDNGVVGP FGU MÌPKINKEJGP /ÒP\MCDKPGVVU \W $GTNKP /KVVGNCNVGT 0TP '. #WMVKQP XQO &WDNGVVGP FGU MÌPKINKEJGP /ÒP\MCDKPGVVU \W $GTNKP 0GW\GKV 0TP 6HP 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV 6GKNYGKUG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /GTVGPU /QFGTPG -WPUVOGFCKNNGP 2NCMGVVGP /GFCKNNGP CWH 2TKXCVRGT UQPGP 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /GTVGPU /QFGTPG -WPUVOGFCKNNGP 2NCMGVVGP /GFCKNNGP CWH 2TKXCVRGT UQPGP 0TP 6HP 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV $TQUEJKGTV $TQUEJWT DGUEJ·FKIV
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI -KNNKUEJ XQP *QTP $TCPFGPDWTI 2TGWUUGP 0TP 6HP '. *CNDNGKPGP CWUIGDNKEJGPGT 4ÒEMGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI XQP -WDKEMK 2QNGP 0TP 6HP '. GKPIGDWPFGP 6HP GVYCU CPIGUEJPKVVGP 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 7NGZ 0QTF <GPVTCN WPF 5ÒFCOGTKMC 0TP 6HP $GKIG UEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP CWU FGP ,CJTGP 5NI 'TDUVGKP 6GKN MQORNGVV 'WTQR·KUEJG /ÒP\GP FGU /KVVGNCNVGTU WPF FGT 0GW\GKV <WU 0TP 6HP $KU CWH 6GKN OKV '. 6GKNYGKUG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG 9GPKIG 6HP GVYCU CPIGUEJPKVVGP 9GPKIG 5GKVGP TGRCTKGTV #NNG -CVCNQIG KP $·PFGP KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
#NU MQORNGVVG 5GTKG UGNVGP CPIGDQVGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 0QNVG $TCPFGPDWTI 2TGWGP *QJGP\QNNGTP $TCPFGPDWTI (TCPMGP 5EJNGUKGP /GFCKNNGP CWH DGTÒJOVG 2GTUQPGP 0TP 6HP '. )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 4WORH ? 4GHQTOCVKQP WPF 2TQVGUVCPVKUOWU 0TP 6HP '. )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI # (TG[DQWTI /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP XQP 2QOOGTP WPF 5EJYGFGP 0TP 6HP '. #WMVKQP XQO 6CNGT $TCPFGPDWTI 2TGWUUGP 7PICTP 5KGDGPDÒT IGP 0TP 6H )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO &WDNGVVGP FGU MCKUGTNKEJGP /ÒP\MCDKPGVVU FGT 'TGOKVCIG KP 5V 2GVGTUDWTI 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6HP 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV )CP\NGKPGP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI )TCH 6QNUVQK 4WUUKUEJG /ÒP\GP FGU ,CJTJWPFGTVU 0TP QJPG 6HP OKV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQGP &C\W 0CEJFTWEM FGT #WMVKQP XQO 5NI -NKPIGTV 4WUUKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP '. $TQUEJKGTV
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 6KEJ[ ? /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP FGU -ÌPKITGKEJU $ÌJOGP 0TP 6HP 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI $TCVTKPI 2QOOGTP 5EJYGFGP WPF $TCPFGPDWTI 2TGWGP 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 2TQYG? )TKGEJGP 4ÌOGT 0TP 6HP //#) $GK IGDWPFGP # 4+'%*/#00 #WMVKQP XQO 5NI GKPGU (CDTKMFKTGMVQTU ) KP ) 4ÌOGT 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP DGKIGDWPFGPGT 0WOOGTPVGKN IGDT·WPV
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5EJG[GT 4ÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
*CPFUEJTKHVNKEJGT $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (TKGFGTKEJ 5VQNDGTI WPF *QJPUVGKP 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. 0CEJFTWEM FGT #WMVKQP XQO 5NI $TWWP 6GKN 5EJYGFGP 0TP 6HP 6HP '. 6GZV WPF 6CHGNVGKN (CNVOCRRG DGUEJ·FKIV $TQUEJKGTV
114
AUKTIONSKATALOGE
1447
. #WMVKQP WPF XQO WPF 5NI $TWWP 5EJYGFKUEJG /ÒP\GP 6GKN WPF 0TP 6HP 0T 6HP 6GKN OKV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 'TIGDPKUUGP 6GKN YWTFG YGIGP FGU 9GNVMTKGIUCWUDTWEJU PKEJV XGTUVGKIGTV *CNDNGFGT OKV PWT YGPKIGP )GDTCWEJUURWTGP 'Z NKDTKU + % * CWH FGT &GEMGNKPPGPUGKVG
#WH YGKVGTGP 5GKVGP UKPF XGTUEJKGFGPG 'TKPPGTWPIUUVÒEMG CP FGP 5COONGT $TWWP GKPIGMNGDV W C GKP #WVQITCOO FGU 5COONGTU GKP (QVQ XQP $TWWP KP LÒPIGTGP ,CJTGP DGK FGP 6CHGNP GKP $TKGH $TWWPU XQO IGUEJTKGDGP OKV UGKPGT #FTGUUG .KPFGICCTFGP #PPGVVGXGL %JCTNQVVGPNWPF CP &T , 9KNCMG UQYKG CWH FGP NGV\VGP 5GKVGP XGTUEJKGFGPG UEJYGFKUEJG <GKVWPIUCTVKMGN OKV FGT 0CEJTKEJV UGKPGU 6QFGU KP /QPVG %CTNQ KP UGKPGT 8KNNC 'NGCPQT
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI *QTUM[ #PVKMG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI *QTUM[ #PVKMG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQ GP 6H NQUG //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 8KGTQTFV? )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG WPF 0QVK\GP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
$GUKV\GTUVGORGN &T ( : 9GK\KPIGT %Q
. #WMVKQP XQO \WUCOOGP OKV 4 -7$' $GTNKP 5NI $CJTHGNFV /ÒP\GP FGU &GWVUEJGP /KVVGNCNVGTU 0TP 6HP 9CUUGTUEJCFGP CWH FGP NGV\VGP 5GKVGP CO WPVGTGP 4CPF 2CRKGT YKG KOOGT NGKEJV IGDT·WPV )CP\NGKPGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 8GTYQTP ? 8ÌNMGTYCPFGTWPI 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 4ÒEMGP DGUEJ·FKIV 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI .ÌDDGEMG )TKGEJKUEJG WPF TÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 8QIGN 6GKN ¤UVGTTGKEJ 7PICTP 4WUUNCPF 2QNGP $CNVKMWO &·PGOCTM 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 8QIGN 6GKN 5ÒFFGWVUEJNCPF 'NUCUU (TCPMTGKEJ 5RCPKGP 0KGFGTNCPFG 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG -CVCNQIG KP GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 9GYGNGT 9GUVHCNGP WPF 0CEJDCTIGDKGVG 0TP 6HP //#) &KG GTUVGP 5GKVGP NGKEJV GKPIGTKUUGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUEJ·FKIV &C\W #WMVKQP XQO 0TP QJPG 6HP &WTUEJUEJQUUGPGU 'ZGORNCT OKV 2TGKUGP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2GP\KI 5CEJUGP 0TP 6HP 5. )CP\NGKPGP
. -QPXQNWV \CJNTGKEJGT #WMVKQPUMCVCNQIG FGT (KTOC *GUU #WMVKQPGP 5NI 9GKPI·TVPGT 5NI 5WEJUNCPF 5NI -WNN Z Z 5NI 6TCW 5NI )TCH 'P\GPDGTI .KUVGP &C\W GKPKIG 8GTMCWHUNKUVGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP )CP\NGKPGP Z $TQUEJKGTV Z *CNDNGFGT Z *CNDNGKPGP Z *QEJKPVGTGUUCPVGU -QPXQNWV OKV DGFGWVGPFGP 5COONWPIGP WPF KP \WOGKUV VCFGNNQUGP )CP\NGKPGPGKPD·PFGP
. #WMVKQP WPF CWU FGP ,CJTGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT VGKNYGKUG OKV 5.
115
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . *'55 #) # .W\GTP #WMVKQPGP XQO 5NI 'T\JGT\QI 5KIKUOWPF XQP ¤UVGTTGKEJ 'WTQRC *CDUDWTI &GWVUEJNCPF 0TP 6HP 5. KP -CVCNQI 6GKN FQRRGNV XQTJCPFGP -CVCNQIG KP \YGK $·PFGP IGDWPFGP *CNDNGKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP WPF )CP\NGKPGP
. *+45%* , /ÒPEJGP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI )TCH $=GTEJGO? $C[GTP 2HCN\ 9CNNHCJTV 2GUVCOWNGVVG 0TP 6HP '. VGKNYGKUG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO #PVKMG 0TP 6HP '. DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG 6H TGRCTKGTV *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO )TKGEJKUEJG WPF TÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO )TKGEJGP 4ÌOGT &GWVUEJNCPF 5NI 5=VWV\? /GFCKNNGP WPF 2NCMGVVGP #PVQP 5EJCTHH U 0TP 6HP '. $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO )QNFOÒP\GP XQP 7PICTP WPF 5KGDGPDÒTIGP 0TP 6HP $GKIG UEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI - )TKGEJKUEJG WPF TÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP $GKIG UEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG WPF GKPKIG 0QVK\GP *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI / )TKGEJKUEJG WPF TÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP '. .GKEJV UVQEMHNGEMKI *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 4JQWUQRQWNQU? )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP '. &GFK ECVKQPUGZGORNCT *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /GTMGPU )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP DGU )TQITKGEJGPNCPF WPF 5K\KNKGP 4ÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG WPF -·WHGT *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 2JKNKRUGP? )TKGEJGP DGU *KURCPKC )CNNKC +VCNKC 5K\KNKC %CTVJCIQ 5NI .ÌDDGEMG 4ÌOKUEJG )QNFOÒP\GP .KVGTCVWT 0TP 6HP 6GKNYGKUG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG WPF -·WHGT 1TKI $TQUEJWT UVCTM DGUEJ·FKIV .GV\VGU $NCVV NQUG
. #WMVKQP XQO )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP DGU +VCNKC 5KEKNKC 6JGUUCNKC 'NKU W C 0TP 6HP '. *CNDNGKPGP DGUVQGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI +OJQQH $NWOGT 4ÌOKUEJG WPF D[\CPVKPKUEJG /ÒP\GP )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP 6GKNYGKUG OKV '. WPF JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJGP '. VGKNYGKUG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG *CNDNGKPGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI +OJQQH $NWOGT 4ÌOKUEJG WPF D[\CPVKPKUEJG /ÒP\GP )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP *CNDNGKPGP VGKNYGKUG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG UGJT IWVG 'TJCNVWPI //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 8KT\K? )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP DGU 5K\KNKGP 0TP 6HP $GKIG UEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG '. *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI *QUMKGT )TKGEJKUEJG WPF TÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG '. *CNDNGKPGP
1475
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 9GDGT 6GKN )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP '. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 9GDGT 6GKN 4ÌOKUEJG WPF D[\CPVKPKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP 6GZV WPF 6CHGNDCPF $GK FGT #WMVKQP HGJNGP 6HP +P \YGK $·PFGP KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP 'Z NKDTKU /CZKOKNKCP -TCW
116
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 9GDGT 6GKN )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP $GKIG UEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG WPF -·WHGT *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 5EJGPPKU? 4ÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP (F )QNFOÒP\GP %QPUVCPVKPU FGU )TQGP WPF UGKPGT (COKNKG 0TP 6HP '. $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG WPF -·WHGT *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2JKNKRUGP #PVKMG DGU )TKGEJGPNCPF #UKGP WPF #HTKMC 0TP 6HP /GKUVGPU DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG WPF -·WHGT *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2JKNKRUGP #PVKMG DGU )TKGEJGPNCPF #UKGP WPF #HTKMC UVCVV 0TP UVCVV 6HP +P \YGK $·PFGP KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
'Z NKDTKU /CZKOKNKCP -TCW
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI .CODTQU )TKGEJGP =5NI *GT\HGNFGT? 4ÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP .KVGTCVWT 0TP QJPG 6HP 9GPKIG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI $CTTQP WPF =5NI 'XCPU? )TKGEJKUEJG WPF TÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG WPF VGKNYGKUG -·WHGT *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI )WVGMWPUV 0KGUU WPF 5NI $CTTQP )TKGEJKUEJG TÌOKUEJG WPF D[\CPVKPK UEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP +P \YGK $·PFGP KP *CNDNGFGT IGDWPFGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP 6GZV WPF 6CHGNVGKN
'Z NKDTKU /CZKOKNKCP -TCW
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI XQP 5EJGPPKU WPF 5NI -=ÌTPGT? )TKGEJKUEJG TÌOKUEJG WPF D[\CPVK PKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP *CNDNGFGT VCFGNNQUGT <WUVCPF //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI )WVGMWPUV )TKGEJKUEJG 4ÌOKUEJG WPF $[\CPVKPKUEJG /ÒP\GP /GFCKN NGP WPF 2NCMGVVGP FGT 4GPCKUUCPEG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP XQP 9ÒTVVGODGTI GVE XQT\WIUYGKUG CWU FGO 0CEJNCUUG GKPGU DGMCPPVGP FGWVUEJGP -WPUVUCOONGTU 0TP 6HP *CNDNGFGT DGKIGUEJTKG DGPG 'TIGDPKUUG
'Z NKDTKU , /CNVGT 75# GZ $KDNKQVJGM , 5EJWNOCP #OUVGTFCO
. 8GTMCWHUMCVCNQI XQP 7PKXGTUCN 0TP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
. 8GTMCWHUMCVCNQI XQP 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6KVGNDNCVV TGRCTKGTV *CNDNGKPGP
. 8GTMCWHUMCVCNQI XQP 1MVQDGT #PVKMG 0TP *CNDNGKPGP
. 8GTMCWHUNKUVG CWU FGO (GDTWCT )TKGEJGP 0TP OKV #DD *CNDNGKPGP
. *14070) 5 /¦06#7-6+10'4 -QRGPJCIGP #WMVKQPGP &C\W *+45%* /;06*#0&'. #$ 5VQEMJQNO #WMVKQP 5NI 5XGPUUQP +++ # 4#5/755'0 -QRGPJC IGP #WMVKQP 5NI 'TPUV + #WMVKQP 5NI 2TQUEJQYUM[ $TQUEJKGTV
. -10+0) , #OUVGTFCO #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2KGTTG XCP &COOG 0TP /QFGTPGU *CNDNGKPGP
. -4#75 ( ( $TCWPUEJYGKI #WMVKQP XQO $TCWPUEJYGKI WPF 0KGFGTUCEJUGP 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 0KGFGTUCEJUGP WPF 9GUVHCNGP 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2CWNK )QNFOÒP\GP .ÌUGT #WUDGWVGOÒP\GP 5CEJUGP 5NI /KEJCKNQXKVUEJ ,GHKOKMK 0TP 6HP GKPJGKVNKEJG 1TKI $TQUEJWT 4ÒEMGP GVYCU CWUIGDNKEJGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO $TCWPUEJYGKI WPF 0KGFGTUCEJUGP 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 0KGFGTUCEJUGP WPF 9GUVHCNGP 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2CWNK )QNFOÒP\GP .ÌUGT #WUDGWVGOÒP\GP 5CEJUGP 5NI /KEJCKNQYKVUEJ ,GHKOKMK 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP #WMVKQP OKV 5. &C\W FKXGTUG 8GT MCWHUMCVCNQIG $TCWPUEJYGKIGT /ÒP\XGTMGJTCWU FGP ,CJTGP DKU 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. #WMVKQP XQO #WMVKQP XQO ' /'4<$#%*'4 0#%*(4 /ÒPEJGP #WMVKQP XQO #WMVKQP XQO * /'755 *CODWTI #WMVKQP XQO #WMVKQP XQO #WMVKQP XQO #WMVKQP XQO #WMVKQP XQO #WMVKQP XQO 1TKI $TQUEJWT Z *CND NGKPGP Z VGKNYGKUG OKV 5. WPF PQVKGTVGP 'TIGDPKUUGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2CWNK )QNFOÒP\GP .ÌUGT #WUDGWVGOÒP\GP 5CEJUGP (GTPGT GKPKIG 5GNVGPJGKVGP WPF GKPG 5RG\KCNUCOONWPI XQP 6CNGTP OKV TWUUKUEJGP -QPVGTOCTMGP 5NI /KEJCKNQYKVUEJ ,GHKOKMK 0TP 6HP 5. 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQGP
. -4'55 - /ÒPEJGP #WMVKQPGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP &CTWPVGT #WMVKQP XQO 5NI )QRRGN 2NWO WPF *QNNGT ,QCEJKOUVJCNGT /GFCKNNGP 4GHQTOCVKQP .KGDG WPF 'JG -TKGI WPF (TKGFGP $CFGP 9GPKIG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG /GKUVGPU OKV '. +P GKPJGKVNKEJGP )CP\NGK PGPD·PFGP IGDWPFGP #WMVKQP KP 1TKI .GKPGP
. -7$' 4 $GTNKP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI -QTP 2TGWGP 5EJNGUKGP -CKUGT WPF -ÌPKIG 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG *CNDNGKPGP //#)
117
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2GN\GT /GEMNGPDWTI 7PKXGTUCN 0TP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI =$TCVTKPI? WPF *GTOCPP 5VTCNUWPF 7PKXGTUCN &QRRGNVCNGT WPF IWN FGP 0CRQNGQP /GFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 4WUUKEJG /GFCKNNGP .ÒDGEM 4QUVQEM 9KUOCT 4GHQTOCVKQP 7PKXGTUCN 0TP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI *CWUYCNFV /CIFGDWTI )QNFIWNFGPHWPF &QWDNGVVGP $GTNKPGT /ÒP\MCDKPGVV 4WUUKUEJ )TWUKUEJG /ÒP\GP )TQUEJGPHWPF 4ÌOGT 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT $KPFWPI IGNÌUV
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5EJWNV\ /GFCKNNGP 5NI /GV\ 4GKEJUOÒP\GP /KVVGNCNVGT 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP &C\W GKPKIG 8GTMCWHUNKUVGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP
. .#0< * )TC\ #WMVKQPGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP /GKUVGPU OKV '. WPF 5. 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. .'*/#00 * WPF (.14#0)' , 2CTKU #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 'PIGN )TQU &GWVUEJG WPF UEJYGK\GTKUEJG 4GPCKUUCPEG /GFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG *CNDNGKPGP //#)
. .'/2'46< / -ÌNP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI &TCGIGT WPF (CJTDCEJ 7PKXGTUCN 6CNGT 0TP 0CEJVTCI #WMVKQP XQO 5NI &QTOCIGP 7PKXGTUCN 0TP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI &GKEJOCPP 7PKXGTUCN 0TP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI -GUUNGT 4ÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP .CIGTMCVCNQI CWU FGO ,CJTG +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWP FGP 2CRKGT VGKNYGKUG IGDT·WPV
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI XCP 8NGWVGP 6GKN )TKGEJGP 4ÌOGT $[\CPVKPGT UVCVV 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI XCP 8NGWVGP 6GKN )TKGEJGP 4ÌOGT $[\CPVKPGT 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT $NGKUVKHVCPUVTGKEJWPIGP 'KPDCPF GVYCU UEJOWV\KI //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI XCP 8NGWVGP 6GKN )TKGEJGP 4ÌOGT $[\CPVKPGT 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQGP 4ÒEMGP IGMNGDV //#)
. #WMVKQPGP XQO XQO WPF XQO 5NI 2KGRGT 6GKN 4JGKPNCPF WPF 9GUVHCNGP WPKXGTUCN 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 8QIGNUCPI 'KPG #NNIGOGKPUCOONWPI OGKUV 6CNGT 0TP 6H +P GKPGO $CPF IGDWPFGP .GKPGP //#)
. .'7 #) <ÒTKEJ WPF *'55 # .W\GTP #WMVKQP XQO WPF /ÒP\GP FGT *Q JGPUVCWHGP\GKV 5COONWPI GKPGU )GNGJTVGP =4 )CGVVGPU UGP ? 6GKNG 0TP 6HP 5. +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. /'4<$#%*'4 ' /ÒPEJGP -QPXQNWV XQP #WMVKQPUMCVCNQIGP FCTWPVGT *CPFGZGORNCTG FGU #WMVKQPCVQTU #WMVKQP XQO 5+I $CWGT 5EJÒV\GP 8GPGFKI 4GIGPUDWTI 0TP (CNVDNCVV HÒT FKG 5EJÒV\GPOGFCKNNGP QJPG 6HP GTUEJKGPGP \\IN 5GRCTCVC FGU 4GIGPUDWTI 6GKNU DTQ UEJKGTV #WMVKQP XQO 5+I 5G[HHGT )TKGEJGP 4ÌOGT 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5+I 2CWGT 7PKXGTUCN )GKUVNKEJMGKV 0TP 1JPG 6HP GTUEJKGPGP *CPFGZGORNCT FGU #WMVKQPCVQTU #WMVKQP XQO *GTXQTTCIGPFG )QNFOÒP\GP 5COONWPI 0TP QJPG 6HP *CPFGZGORNCT FGU #WMVKQPCVQTU #WMVKQP XQO 5+I 4QVGPJCP $C[GTP 2HCN\ 0TP QJPG 6HP GTUEJKGPGP #WMVKQP XQO 5+I <CPMN 2QNGP &CP\KI 'NDKPI 6JQTP 0TP &QRRGNVHP '. OKV 2TGKUGP WPF -·WHGTP #WMVKQP XQO 5+I 9GNUEJ $TWO 7PKXGTUCN 0TP QJPG 6HP GTUEJKGPGP '. #WMVKQP XQO 5+I 5EJOKFV 2QNGP 3WGFNKPDWTI )QNF HWPF XQP 7UKPIGP 0TP &QRRGNVHP #WMVKQP XQO 5+I 4GKEJCTFV 4GIGPUDWTI 9GUVH·NKUEJGT )QNFHWPF 0TP &QRRGNVHP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (CNMGPJCWUGP 7PKXGT UCN OKV 9CRRGPFCTUVGNNWPIGP 0TP QJPG 6HP &WTEJIGJGPFG 2TGKUPQVKGTWPIGP #WMVKQP XQO #NV W 0GWHÒTUVGP 4&4 )GKUVNKEJMGKV 0TP 6HP '. *CPFGZGORNCT FGU #WMVKQ PCVQTU #WMVKQP XQO 5+I -QNNOCPP 7PKXGTUCN )GIGPUVGORGN 0TP 6HP *CP FGZGORNCT FGU #WMVKQPCVQTU #WMVKQP XQO 5+I 'RUVGKP .QPFQP /WUKMGT 5EJYGK\ #NV FGWVUEJNCPF 0TP 6HP '. #WMVKQP XQO 5+I 4QJFG *QJGPNQJG #NVFGWVUEJNCPF 0CRQNGQP + 0TP 6HP *CPFGZGORNCT FGU #WMVKQPCVQTU #WMVKQP XQO 5+I , .GX[ -ÌNP $CFGP 2HCN\ -ÌNP 0TP 6HP *CPFGZGORNCT FGU #WMVKQPCVQTU #WMVKQP XQO 5+I GKPGU KVCNKGP #OCVGWTU )TKGEJGP 4ÌOGT 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5+I (TJ XQP 5 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6HP *CPFGZGORNCT FGU #WMVKQPCVQTU #WMVKQP XQO 5+I GKPGU HT\ #OCVGWTU XCP /W[FGP )TKGEJGP 4ÌOGT 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5+I (TJ X 5GKPUJGKO 4&4 #NV W 0GWHÒTUVGP 0TP 6HP *CPFGZGORNCT FGU #WMVKQPCVQTU #WMVKQP XQO 5+I GKPGU GNU·UUKUEJGP #OCVGWTU 4&4 $C[GTP 2HCN\ )QNFOÒP\GP 0TP 6HP WPF 0CEJVTCI #WMVKQP XQO 5+I )GQTIGU )CNNGV 5EJYGK\ 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5+I (KEMGT +PPUDTWEM 4&4 ,WFCKEC $C[GTP #WIUDWTI 0TP 6HP '. -QRKG #WMVKQP XQO 5+I GKPGU UÒFFGWVUEJGP #TKUVQMTC VGP 4GPCKUUCPEG WPF -WPUVOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP )TQUU (QNKQ #WMVKQP XQO 7PKXGT UCN )QNF 4GPCKUUCPEGOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP &C\W .CIGTMCVQNCIG .KGHGTWPI WPF .KGHGTWPI WPF 0TP *CNDNGFGT Z \WO 6GKN OKV 4ÒEMGP XGTIQNFWPI )CP\NGKPGP Z *CNDNGKPGP Z DTQUEJKGTV Z /KV #WMVKQPUMCVCNQIGP KUV FCU JKGT CPIGDQVGPG -QPXQNWV FCU DKUNCPI WOHCPITGKEJUVG FGT (KTOC &T /GT\DCEJGT D\Y /GT\DCEJGT 0CEJH FCTWPVGT DGHKPFGP UKEJ CEJV *CPFGZGORNCTG FGU #WMVKQPCVQTU WPF 'Z NKDTK XQP *GKPTKEJ -QJN &QOGPKEQ 4QUUK 2WTKEGNNK
118
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2CWGT /QFGTPG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 0TP 6GKNYGKUG DGKIG UEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO )QNFOÒP\GP 0TP 6HP FCXQP &QRRGNVHP )CP\NGKPGP 5GKVGP VGKN YGKUG TGRCTKGTV 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (TJT XQP 4QVGPJCP $C[GTP 2HCN\ 0TP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG 2CRKGT IGDT·WPV )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5EJOKFV 0GW\GKV DGU (TCPMHWTV UVCVV 0TP 6HP )CP\ NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (TJT XQP (CNMGPJCWUGP 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6GKNYGKUG DGKIGUEJTKG DGPG 2TGKUG )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI XQP 1NU\QYUMK 2QNGP 5NI -CRU /GFCKNNGP 0CRQNGQP + 0TP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQPGP XQO XQO Z XQO XQO XQO XQO XQO XQO XQO XQO WPF XQO 6GKNYGKUG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG &C\W GKPKIG DTQUEJKGTVG FQRRGNVG -CVCNQIG UQYKG .CIGTNKUVGP )CP\NGKPGP WPF 1TKI $TQUEJWT
+PVGTGUUCPVGU -QPXQNWV
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI *GT\HGNFGT? W C 4ÌOKUEJG WPF ITKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG WPF OGKUVGPU CWEJ -·WHGT 8QTUCV\ WPF FKG GTUVGP 5GKVGP TGUVCWTKGTV )CP\ NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 0GW\GKV 0TP 6HP $TQUEJKGTV
. #WMVKQP XQO -WPUVOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP (QNKQ -WPUVNGFGT 6KVGNDNCVV HGJNV FKG NGV\VG 6CHGN TGUVCWTKGTV
/KV $GUKV\GTUVGORGN
. /'755 * *CODWTI #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /ÒNNGT #NKPGPJQH 6GKN ++ 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI &CP\KIGT $TGOGP $TGOGP 8GTFGP 5VCFG 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /ÒNNGT #NKPGPJQH 6GKN +8 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /ÒNNGT #NKPGPJQH 6GKN 8 0TP 6H #WMVKQP XQO 7PKXGT UCN 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6HP 5. #WMVKQP XQO 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6H #WMVKQP XQO 0GW\GKV 0TP #WMVKQ PGP WPF FQRRGNV XQTJCPFGP 6GKNYGKUG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG &C\W .CIGTNKUVGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP )CP\NGKPGP Z 1TKI $TQUEJWT Z
. /ª0<'0 70& /'&#+..'0 #) $CUGN WPF $#0- .'7 %1 <ÒTKEJ #WMVKQPGP XQO WPF XQO 5NI 0KIIGNGT 6GKNG )TKGEJGP 4ÌOGT 5EJYGK\ +VCNKGP 0TP 6HP 0TP 6HP +P $·PFGP KP $TQUEJWT IGDWPFGP CNNG OKV '. $CPF WPF OKV 5. VGKNYGKUG CWUIGDNKEJGP #
. /ª0<*#0&.70) $#5'. $CUGN -CVCNQI WPF $CUGN 6GKNYGKUG OKV 5. 'KPJGKVNKEJ KP $·PFGP KP )CP\NGFGT IGDWPFGP GKPKIG $NGKUVKHVPQVK\GP
. #WMVKQP XQO 4ÌOKUEJG $TQP\GOÒP\GP 0TP 6HP $GKIGDWPFGP '))'4 #WM VKQP XQO 5NI /QTQUKPK 6KTQN 0TP 6HP *CNDNGKPGP #WMVKQP XQO 4ÌOGT 0TP 6HP $TQUEJKGTV #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5V=GIGT? 9=CNFGEM? #NGZCPFTK PGT 4ÌOGT $[\CP\ 0TP 6HP $TQUEJKGTV #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 9CNFGEM )TKG EJGP 4ÌOGT $[\CP\ 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. /74+5'6 )+%16 % )GPH #WMVKQP XQO IGOGKPUCO OKV . (144'4 .QPFQP 5NI 5VTQGJNKP 6GKN 5EJYGK\ 0TP 6HP -QRKGTVG '. .GKPGP
. 0#8+..' %Q )GPH #TU %NCUUKEC #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2Q\\K )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP '. *CNDNGKPGP 5GKVGP NGKEJV IGDT·WPV
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 8CWVKGT WPF %QNNKIPQP 4ÌOKUEJG -CKUGT\GKV 0TP 6HP $GKIG UEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG )CP\NGKPGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 8CWVKGT WPF %QNNKIPQP 4ÌOKUEJG -CKUGT\GKV 0TP 6HP //#) #WMVKQP 5NI 'XCPU 4ÌOGT WPF $[\CP\ 0TP 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\ NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
'Z NKDTKU XQP / 2GVGTUGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /KEJCKNQXKVUEJ 'XCPU W C )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
119
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . #WMVKQP XQO &WDNGVVGP FGU $TKVKUJ /WUGWO CWU FGT 5NI $GTVKGT FG NC )CTFG W C )TKGEJK UEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI $GOGPV 6GKN )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP DGU #VVKSWG WPF /CWTGVCPKG 0TP 6HP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI $GOGPV /QPPCKGU 4QOCKPGU #PVK SWGU 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP #FTGUUGP XGTOGTMG WPF $GUKV\GTCWHMNGDGT
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2GVTQYKE\ 4QIGTU W C )TKGEJKUEJG WPF TÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 7OUEJNCI GVYCU DGUEJ·FKIV WPF CWUIGDNKEJGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI .GXKU 4ÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG )CP\NGKPGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI #NNCVKPK %JWTEJKNN $NQEJ WPF 8GKVJ 4ÌOGT WPF )TKGEJGP 0TP 6HP *CNDNGKPGP TGUVCWTKGTVGU 6KVGNDNCVV \CJNTGKEJG $NGKUVKHVPQVK\GP
8GTUEJKGFGPG $GUKV\GTUVGORGN CWH FGO 6KVGNDNCVV
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI #NNCVKPK %JWTEJKNN $NQEJ WPF 8GKVJ 4ÌOGT WPF )TKGEJGP 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI %JWTEJKNN 6GKN )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP 5GKVGP NGKEJV IGDT·WPV
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI %JWTEJKNN 6GKN )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP *CNDNGKPGP 6KVGNDNCVV TGRCTKGTV #
$GUKV\GTGVKMGVV 5 $QWVKP CWH FGO 'KPDCPF
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 9QQFYCTF W C #PVKMG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP URQTC FKUEJG $NGKUVKHVPQVK\GP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI $WTTCIG W C )TKGEJKUEJG WPF TÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 5NI 'XCPU 4ÌOK UEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG *CNDNGKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP GTUVG 5GKVG NQUG #
$GUKV\GTGVKMGVV 5 $QWVKP CWH FGO 'KPDCPF
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 5CTVKIGU? 4ÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP '. 1TKI $TQ UEJWT NGKEJV DGUVQGP YGPKIG $NGKUVKHVPQVK\GP
. 07/+5/#6+% (+0' #465 $GXGTN[ *KNNU #WMVKQP &C\W -CVCNQIG /CKN $KF 5CNGU ,QWTPCN QH 0(# $#0- .'7 #) 6JG )CTTGVV %QNNGEVKQP 2CTV + +++ $TQ UEJKGTV
. 07/+5/#6+%# 9KGP #WMVKQP XQP DKU 6GKNYGKUG OKV '. &C\W .CIGTNKUVG XQP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. 0755$#7/ * <ÒTKEJ #WMVKQP XQP 8GPVG 0QOKUOC 5RG\KCNUCOONWPI XQP /ÒP\GP FGT UÒFNKEJGP 0KGFGTNCPFG WPF XQP JKUVQTKUEJGP PKGFGTN·PFKUEJGP /GFCKNNGP UQYKG UQNEJGP FGU *CWUGU *CDU DWTI 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
. 2#)' # 2CTKU #WMVKQP XQO #PVKMG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI / FG % )QNFOÒP\GP 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. 2'6')*'/ % XCP 2CTKU #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /CKNNKGV $GNIKGP ,GVQPU /GFCKNNGP .KVGTCVWT 0TP 0TP 0TP *CNDNGFGT OKV GKPIGDWPFGPGP $NCPMQUGKVGP
. 2'75 0#%*( &4 $7551 (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP #WMVKQP XQO 1MVQDGT WPF #WMVKQP XQO 1MVQDGT 5NI -QEJ 6GKN + WPF 6GKN ++ 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP VGKN YGKUG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI $QPJQHH /KVVGNCNVGT 0TP OKV #DD #WMVKQP XQO XQO 5NI # !+ 6GKN WPF /KVVGNCNVGT (QVQMQRKGTVG '. $TQUEJKGTV
. 2.#66 % 2CTKU 2TGKUNKUVG Q , 2CRUVVWO 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT 4ÒEMGP NGKEJV CWHIG TKUUGP
. 4#22#2146 ' $GTNKP #WMVKQPGP XQO *CNDGTUVCFV 5NI %QJP (F XQP /CNEJKP 5NI $KTMGPTWVJ 9GKOCTGT &KEJVGTHÒTUVGP WPF KJTG <GKV 5NI $GVJG 5CEJUGP +P FTGK $·PFGP IGDWPFGP )CP\NGK PGP &C\W \CJNTGKEJG 8GTMCWHUNKUVGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP
. 0WOKUOCVKUEJGU 1HHGTVGPDNCVV 0T
1TKI $TQUEJWT 4'&&'4 .GKR\KI 8GTMCWHUNKUVG 5CEJ UGP 0TP 5 1TKI $TQUEJWT
120
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . 4#661 / /CKNCPF #WMVKQP XQO 5NI )KQTIK 4ÌOKUEJG WPF D[\CPVKPKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP '. 1TKI $TQUEJWT OGKUV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG WPF JCPFUEJTKHVNKEJG 0QVK\GP //#)
. #WMVKQPGP XQO WPF 5NI %WTCVQNQ 6GKN +VCNKGPKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP OKV 5. 'KPJGKVNKEJ DTQUEJKGTV &C\W YGKVGTG -CVCNQIG CWU FGP ,CJTGP
. 4#661 4 .WICPQ #WMVKQP XQO &WRNKECVK FK WP OWUGQ UVTCPKGTQ 6GKN 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI %ÊVG /ÒP\GP XQP 6CTGPV 0TP 6HP DGKIGDWPFGPG '. )CP\ NGKPGP //#)
. 4'&&'4 ( .GKR\KI 8GTMCWHUNKUVGP WPF CWU FGP ,CJTGP &C\W GKPKIG &WDNGVVGP *CNDNGKPGP WPF DTQUEJKGTV Z
. 4+'%*/#00 # *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG #WMVKQPGP W C 5NI $TCWUG *CNNG Z Z
5NI -GUUNGT 5NI 5EJOWNC -TCRRKV\ 5NI (TKGFTKEJ #WIWUV XQP 1N FGPDWTI 5NI 8QIGNUCPI 5NI 5VTKGDQNN CWU FGP ,CJTGP )CP\NGKPGP
Z *CNDNGKPGP Z &C\W .CIGTNKUVGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP VGKNYGKUG OGJTHCEJ XQTJCP FGP
*QEJKPVGTGUUCPVGU -QPXQNWV OKV XKGNGP YKEJVKIGP 5COONWPIGP
. #WMVKQP XQO #WMVKQP XQO OKV '. #WMVKQP XQO #WMVKQP XQO #WMVKQP XQO #WMVKQP XQO #WMVKQP XQO #WMVKQP XQO #WMVKQP XQO #WMVKQP XQO #WMVKQP XQO #WMVKQP XQO 1TKI $TQUEJWT Z *CNDNGKPGP Z &C\W .KUVGP XGTM·WHNKEJGT /ÒP\GP 0T QJPG 0T
. #WMVKQP WPF XQO WPF 5NI -C[UGT 6GKNG WPF 9CNFGEM 4JGKPNCPF 9GUV HCNGP +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI .QGYG -WPUVOGFCKNNGP WPF 2NCMGVVGP &WDNGVVGP FGU /ÒP\MCDKPGVVU /ÒPEJGP 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG KO 6GZV WPF CWH FGP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI *CTOGPKPI? -WPUVOGFCKNNGP FGU DKU ,CJTJWPFGTVU 0TP 6HP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG $WEJDNQEM VGKNYGKUG NQUG 1TKI *CNDNGKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 4ÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI -TCC\ &GWVUEJG -KRRGTOÒP\GP 0CEJFTWEM $KGNGHGNF FGT 'TUVCWHNCIG *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5RG\KCNUCOONWPI U·EJUKUEJGT /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP &KG NGV\VGP 6HP GVYCU HNGEMKI )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO &WDNGVVGP FGU /ÒP\MCDKPGVVU $GTNKP W C )TKGEJGP 0TP 6HP /CPEJOCN NGKEJV UVQEMHNGEMKI )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO &WDNGVVGP FGU /ÒP\MCDKPGVVU $GTNKP W C )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG $TQUEJKGTV NGKEJV UVQEMHNGEMKI CWH FGP NGV\VGP DGKFGP 6HP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI .ÌDDGEMG -WPUVOGFCKNNGP WPF 2NCMGVVGP FGU DKU ,CJTJWPFGTVU 0TP 6HP -NGKP (QNKQ 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI .ÌDDGEMG &GWVUEJG $TCMVGCVGP 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQGP JKPVGTGT 'KPDCPF HGJNV 'TUVG 5GKVG TGRCTKGTV
. #WMVKQP XQO $TCPFGPDWTI 2TGWGP 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO /GFCKNNGP WPF /ÒP\GP FGU DKU ,CJTJWPFGTVU 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO /KVVGNCNVGT $TCMVGCVGPHWPF XQP 0QTFJCWUGP 0TP 6HP )CP\NGK PGP
. #WMVKQP XQO (WPF XQP .WFYKU\E\G /KVVGNCNVGT 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT DGUVQGP 4ÒEMGP GKPIGTKUUGP
. 41..+0 ('7#4&'06 2CTKU #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /QPPKGT .QVJTKPIGP 0TP DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 4QDGTV (TCPMTGKEJ 0TP 6HP #DD KO 6GZV *CNDNGKPGP DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG WPF GKPKIG #POGTMWPIGP
WGTUV YKEJVKIGT WPF UGNVGPGT -CVCNQI
121
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2QPVQP F #O¾EQWTV 4ÌOKUEJG WPF D[\CPVKPKUEJG )QNFOÒP\GP 0TP 6HP (QTPK 0&
. 41..+0 ('7#4&'06 2CTKU WPF # *1.<*#75'0 9KGP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 9CNEJGT FG /QNVJGKP )TKGEJGP -CVCNQI DGCTDGKVGV XQP 8 FG 4'00'4 2CTKU 9KGP (TQPVKURK\ 8++ 5 OKV 0TP 6HP 2TGKUNKUVG *CNDNGFGT NGKEJV UVQEMHNGEMKI CWH FGP GTUVGP 5GKVGP
. 415'0$'4) * 5 *CPPQXGT #WMVKQPGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP &CTWPVGT XKGNG 5COONWP IGP W C 5NI -PKIIG .GJOCPP /CPP &ÒPKPI $QJNOCPP 0GWDCWGT 'PIGNGT $ÒUEJJQHH &C\W GKPKIG 8GTMCWHUNKUVGP +P GKPJGKVNKEJGO )CP\NGKPGP Z 1TKI $TQUEJWT
+P FKGUGT 8QNNUV·PFKIMGKV WPF 'TJCNVWPI UGNVGP CPIGDQVGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI -QGPKI WPF 5EJNÒVGT $TCPFGPDWTI 2TGWGP $TCWPUEJYGKI .ÒPGDWTI 0TP 6HP OKVGKPIGDWPFGPG '. *CNDNGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5IN *GUGOCPP 5IN .GJOCPP 5IN $QFG 5IN $CGUGEMG 5IN 'PIGNGT 5IN 4QUGPDGTI
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI &GGEMG? $TCWPUEJYGKI .ÒPGDWTI 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQ UEJWT YGPKIG $NGKUVKHVPQVK\GP //#)
. #WMVKQPGP WPF XQO WPF 5NI -PKIIG 6GKN WPF $TCWPUEJYGKI .ÒPG DWTI 0TP 6HP YGPKIG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG +P \YGK $·PFGP IGDWPFGP $CPF DTQUEJKGTV $CPF *CNDNGFGT FWTEJUEJQUUGP //#)
. #WMVKQPGP WPF CWU FGP ,CJTGP WPF 5 415'0$'4) (TCPMHWTV #WMVKQPGP WPF CWU FGP ,CJTGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT VGKNYGKUG OKV 5. WPF '. ( 5%*.'55+0)'4 $GTNKP #WMVKQPGP WPF CWU FGP ,CJTGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT VGKNYGKUG OKV 5. WPF PQVKGTVGP 'TIGDPKUUGP * 5'.+)/#00 *CPPQXGT #WMVKQPGP WPF CWU FGP ,CJTGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKV 5. WPF VGKNYGKUG OKV PQVKGTVGP 'TIGDPKUUGP % ) 6*+'/' &TGUFGP 0WOKUOCVKUEJGT 8GTMGJT 8GT\GKEJPKU XGTM·WHNKEJGT /ÒP\GP GVE 0T 0TP 5 6HP HGJNV 1TKI $TQUEJWT #WMVKQP XQO 5NI %WTV 5R·VG 1TKI $TQUEJWT IWVG 'TJCNVWPI <5%*+'5%*-' -¤&'4 .GKR\KI 8GT\GKEJPKU XGTM·WHNKEJGT /ÒP\GP 0T XQO 0TP 5 1TKI $TQUEJWT GKPKIG /CTMKGTWPIGP KO 6GZV
. 415'0$'4) 5 (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP #WMVKQPGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP &CTWPVGT XKGNG 5COONWPIGP W C 5NI *GNNYGI 9CNVGT $WEJGPCW $CGT 4QVJOCPP 2JKNKRR .GX[ 1VVQ #JTGPU &KGN +P $·PFGP IGDWPFGP )CP\NGKPGP Z *CNDNGKPGP
+PVGTGUUCPVGU -QPXQNWV OKV XKGNGP YKEJVKIGP 5COONWPIGP
. #WMVKQPGP W C /QGTU KP 0WOOKU 5NI 5EJYCNDCEJ 5KEM 5RG[GT 2HCN\ *GT\
0CUUCW 5EJÒUUNGT *GUUGP -CUUGN 5EJYCDG *GUUGP =5CEJU? 2HCN\ 9ÒT\DWTI $C[GTP *GGTFV 6GKN &C\W 8GTMCWHUNKUVGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP )CP\NGKPGP Z 1TKI $TQUEJWT Z
*QEJKPVGTGUUCPVGU -QPXQNWV OKV XKGNGP YKEJVKIGP 5COONWPIGP 6CFGNNQU KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQPGP WPF XQP DKU IGOGKPUCO OKV 5 5%*166 9#..'456'+0 (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP 5NI $GNNK 6GKN 7PKXGTUCN DGUQPFGTU 4GHQTOCVKQP (TCPMHWTV WPF -WPUVOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP &QRRGNVHP '. +P GKPGO $CPF IGDWPFGP )CP\NGKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP 4ÒEMGP GKPIGTKUUGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI ,QJP 2JKNKRR &CP\KI W C 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP $WEJDNQEM GVYCU IGDTQEJGP *CPFGZGORNCT FGU #WMVKQPCVQTU OKV 8QTIGDQVGP \ 6 8QTMQOOGP 2TGKUGP WPF -·W HGTP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI #JTGPU 0GWTHÒTUVNKEJG IT·HNKEJG WPF HTGKJGTTNKEJG *·WUGT 0TP 6HP 2CRKGT NGKEJV IGDT·WPV )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI *GNHGTKEJ #PVKMG /ÒP\GP 5V·FVGVCNGT /GFKEKPC KP PWOOKU 0TP 6HP $TQUEJKGTV 4ÒEMGP DGUEJ·FKIV
. #WMVKQP WPF XQO WPF 5NI (KQTKPQ + WPF ++ *GUUGP WPF 0CEJDCTIGDKGVG 0TP 6HP 0T 6HP $TQUEJKGTV 6GKN + FWTEJIGJGPF 6GKN ++ DKU 0T PQVKGTVG 2TGKUG
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 8KGNJCDGT? /QGTU KP PWOOKU /QGTU 0CUUCW 1TCPKGP $TCPFGPDWTI 2TGWGP ,ÒNKEJ %NGXG $GTI 2HCN\ 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP 2CRKGT NGKEJV IGDT·WPV
. 5#/$10 ) /CKNCPF 4QO (NQTGP\ #WMVKQP XQO /WUGQ $CTVQNQOGQ $QTIJGUK 6GKN 0GW\GKV 0TP 6HP *CNDNGKPGP OKV DGKIGUEJTKGDGPGP 2TGKUGP
. 5#/$10 # %#0'55# % WPF ' 2CTKU #WMVKQP XQO )TQITKGEJGPNCPF WPF 5K\K NKGP 0TP 6HP *CNDNGKPGP 5GKVGP IGDT·WPV #
122
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . 5#/$10 # 2CTKU %#0'55# % WPF ' 4QO #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5VTQ\\K )TKGEJK UEJG WPF TÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP #GU ITCXG 0TP OKV #DD 6HP *CNDNGKPGP //#)
. 5#06#/#4+# 2 WPF 2 4QO #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /CTVKPQTK +VCNKGP 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP 5 TGUVCWTKGTV 8QTUCV\DN·VVGT +PFGZ WPF FKG GTUVGP \YGK -CVCNQIUGKVGP CNU -QRKG UQPUV XQNNUV·PFKI WPF VCFGNNQU GTJCNVGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 1UGNNGP XQP 8GPGFKI WPF /WTCPQ 0TP 6HP GKPIGDWPFGPG 5. )CP\ NGKPGP &C\W ) #22#476+ 4QO #WMVKQP XQO 8GPG\KCPKUEJG WPF OWTCPKUEJG 1UGNNGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI )=CTCXCINKC? -KTEJGPUVCCV 0TP 6HP '. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI ) -KTEJGPUVCCV 0TP 6HP 5. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5KIPQTGNNK 6GKN -KTEJGPUVCCV -TGW\HCJTGT ,QJCPPKVGTQTFGP 0TP 6HP 5. VGKNYGKUG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG CWH FGP 6CHGNP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI $ 5CXQ[GP WPF +VCNKGP 0TP 6HP 5. WPF '. &C\W 52+0- 510 .VF .QPFQP 0CEJFTWEM .QPFQP FGU 8GTMCWHUMCVCNQIU XQP /GFCKN NGP CWH 2·RUVG #NNG KP 1TKI $TQUEJWT $KPFWPI DGK #WMVKQP NQUG
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /CIPCIWVK 'Z PWOOKU JKUVQTKC 6GKN $[\CPVKPKUEJG /ÒP\GP KVCNKGPK UEJGU /KVVGNCNVGT 8GPGFKI 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO +VCNKGPKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP 5. WPF '. 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. 5#66.'4 # $CUGN 8GTMCWHUNKUVGP KP GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. 5%*.'55+0)'4 ( $GTNKP #WMVKQP XQO IGOGKPUCO OKV * 5'.+)/#00 *CPPQ XGT =5NI (GNFJGKO? $TCWPUEJYGKIKUEJG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO IGOGKPUCO OKV * 5'.+)/#00 *CPPQXGT =5NI (GNFJGKO? $TCWP UEJYGKIKUEJG /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQUEJWT //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5EJYGK\ CPVKMG )QNFOÒP\GP 0TP 6HP )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQPGP XQO WPF XQO =5NI 0QTFJGKO? 6GKN WPF /KVVGNCNVGT WPF 0GW\GKV DGU 2QNGP 0TP 6HP FCXQP GKPG 6H OKV #WUUEJPKVV #WMVKQP XQO =5NI 0QTFJGKO? 6GKN +VCNKGP 5RCPKGP 4WUUNCPF *CODWTI /KVVGNCNVGT 0TP WPF 0TP .KVGTCVWT 6HP ,GYGKNU OKV 5. +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO IGOGKPUCO OKV . *#/$74)'4 (TCPMHWTV CO /CKP 5NI (TCPMKGYKE\ 2QNGP 0TP 6HP 5. )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5EJYGK\ 0TP 6HP 5. )CP\NGKPGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI CWU CWUN·PFKUEJGO /WUGWOUDGUKV\ =&WDNGVVGP 'TGOKVCIG? 6GKN &GWVUEJNCPF 4WNCPF (TCPMTGKEJ 'PINCPF 5MCPFKPCXKGP +VCNKGP 5EJYGK\ 0KGFGTNCPFG #PVKMG 8GTUEJKGFGPG .·PFGT 0TP 6HP 5. 6GKNYGKUG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG +P GKPGO $CPF KP )CP\NGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI CWU CWUN·PFKUEJGO /WUGWOUDGUKV\ =&WDNGVVGP 'TGOKVCIG? )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP -CTVGP 5. $TQUEJKGTV //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI CWU CWUN·PFKUEJGO /WUGWOUDGUKV\ =&WDNGVVGP 'TGOKVCIG? )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP 0TP 6HP -CTVGP 5. 9GPKIG DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG //#)
. 5%*166 9#..'456'+0 5 (TCPMHWTV C / #WMVKQPGP XQO 5NI -GGVOCPP 0GW \GKV 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5EJGGN 9GKGT WPF 0KORVUEJ 6CNGT 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 0GW\GKV 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 2GVT[ 7PKXGTUCN 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO &QWDNGVVGP FGU MÌPKINKEJGP /ÒP\MCDKPGVVU \W %CUUGN *GUUGP -CUUGN 9GUVHCNGP (WNFC *CPCW W C 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO 0GW\GKV 0TP 6HP #WMVKQP XQO *GUUGP (WNFC *CPCW .CIGTMCVCNQI *CNDNGKPGP Z 1TKI $TQUEJWT Z
. 5%*7./#0 * / ( 0GY ;QTM #WMVKQPGP XQO WPF 5NI $TCPF .KEJVGPHGNU #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 7ODGTVQ #WMVKQPGP XQO WPF 5NI /CDDQVV )TKGEJKUEJG /ÒP\GP Z DTQUEJKGTV 5NI /CDDQVV KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP
. 5%*7./#0 , #OUVGTFCO -QPXQNWV XQP -CVCNQIGP FGT ,CJTG OKV XKGNGP KPVGTGU UCPVGP WPF DGMCPPVGP 5COONWPIGP UQYKG FKG -CVCNQIG WPF FGT ,CJTG $TQUEJKGTV VGKNYGKUG 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. #WMVKQP XQO =5NI /GKGTJQH ? $TCWPUEJYGKIGT .ÌUGT 0TP 6HP 1TKI $TQ UEJWT //#)
. 5'.+)/#00 # *CPPQXGT #WMVKQPGP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
8QNNUV·PFKIG 5GTKG FGT #WMVKQPUMCVCNQIG FGT (KTOC
123
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . #WMVKQPGP WPF XQO WPF 5NI -P[RJCWUGP 6GKN $TCWPUEJYGKI .ÒPGDWTI 0KGFGTUCEJUGP 0TP WPF 6HP DGKIGDWPFGPG 5. +P 6GKN DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG +P GKPGO $CPF IGDWPFGP )CP\GKPGP
. #WMVKQPGP +P XKGT $·PFGP KP )CP\ NGKPGP IGDWPFGP &C\W GKPKIG 8GTMCWHUNKUVGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP
. 516*'$; 9+.-+0510 *1&)' .QPFQP #WMVKQPUMCVCNQIG FGT ,CJTG FCDGK 5NI %NCTM %CTN[QP $TKVVQP 9CNVGTU $WTUVCN &TWOOQPF 9CMNG[ +PFGTYKEM 1y*CICP $WEMNG[ /WTFQEJ WPF %JQNONG[ OKV DGFGWVGPFGP 5COONWPIGP 'PINCPF WPF #PIGNUCEJUGP $TQUEJKGTV DGK GKPKIGP -CVCNQ IGP NQUG .CIGP
. 516*'$; %1 .QPFQP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (CTQWM 7PKXGTUCN DGUQPFGTU )QNFOÒP\GP WPF 2TQDGP 0TP 6HP 6H UKPF &QRRGNVHP 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKOKOCN DGUVQGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI (CTQWM 7PKXGTUCN DGUQPFGTU )QNFOÒP\GP WPF 2TQDGP 0TP 6HP 6H UKPF &QRRGNVHP $GKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG 1TKI $TQUEJWT OKOKOCN DGUVQGP //#)
. #WMVKQPUMCVCNQIG FGT ,CJTG WPF OKV 5COONWPIGP \WT DTKVKUEJGP WPF GWTQR·KUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKM 1TKI $TQUEJWT Z 2CRRDCPF Z
. #WMVKQPUMCVCNQIG FGT ,CJTG OKV 5COONWPIGP XQP 1TFGP WPF 'JTGP\GKEJGP W C 5NI .QXGNN 2CWN QH ;WIQUNCXKC 1CMNG[ /E-GCP 4CD[ ,COGU (NQTG[ $Q[F WPF .COD 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. #WMVKQPUMCVCNQIG FGT ,CJTG OKV 5COONWPIGP KUNCOKUEJGT /ÒP\GP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. #WMVKQPUMCVCNQIG FGT ,CJTG WPF OKV 5COONWPIGP CPVKMGT /ÒP\GP 5NI *GEMGVV 9QQFDTKFIG 9CTF &QJGP[ &WMG QH 0QTVJWODGTNCPF 6JG /GVTQRQNKVCP /WUGWO QH #TV 1TKI $TQUEJWT Z 2CRRGKPDCPF Z )CP\NGKPGP Z
. 516*'$; .QPFQP 0GY ;QTM <ÒTKEJ #WMVKQPGP 5NI $TCPF 6GKN 6GKNYGKUG '. QFGT DGKIGUEJTKGDGPG 2TGKUG 1TKI $TQUEJWT
. #WMVKQPGP XQO 6JG 0GNUQP $WPMGT *WPV %QNNGEVKQP )TKGEJKUEJG WPF TÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 6GKN #WMVKQP XQO +UNCOKUEJG /ÒP\GP 6GKNYGKUG '. -CTVQPKGTV OKV 5EJWV\WOUEJNCI Z 1TKI $TQUEJWT Z
. 56'40$'4) ( <ÒTKEJ #WMVKQPGP XQP DKU OGKUV OKV '. 1TKI $TQUEJWT WPF *CNDNGKPGP
. 6*+'/' % ) .GKR\KI &TGUFGP -QPXQNWV XQP \CJNTGKEJGP 8GTMCWHUNKUVGP 0WOKUOCVKUEJGT 8GT MGJT CWU FGP ,CJTGP KP FTGK $·PFGP KP 2CRRGKPDCPF IGDWPFGP KP GKPGO $CPF KP *CNDNGKPGP IGDWPFGP DTQUEJKGTVG *GHVG
1626
. 9'+)'. % 1 .GKR\KI #WMVKQP XQO =5NI %CRRG ? 7PKXGTUCN DGUQPFGTU /KVVGNCNVGT 0TP *CPFIGUEJTKGDGPGU 4GIKUVGT CWH PCEJVT·INKEJ GKPIGDWPFGPGP 5GKVGP *CNDNGKPGP OKPKOCN DGUVQGP 0QVK\GP KO 6GZV //#) *CPFUEJTKHVNKEJGT $GUKV\GTXGTOGTM ' # 9QNH
124
AUKTIONSKATALOGE . 9'5'0'4 ( , /ÒPEJGP #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /QTDKQ 4ÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP +VCNKGP $TQP\GOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP '. *CNDNGKPGP //#)
. #WMVKQP XQO 5NI /QTDKQ 4ÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP +VCNKGP $TQP\GOGFCKNNGP 0TP 6HP 6GKNYGKUG NQUG .CIGP DTQUEJKGTV //#)
. 9';. # $GTNKP #WMVKQPGP CWU FGP ,CJTGP &C\W GKPKIG 8GTMCWHUNKUVGP FGT ,CJTG $TQUEJKGTV 2CRKGT VGKNYGKUG IGDT·WPV WPF DGUEJ·FKIV FGP PQEJ KPVGTGUUCPVGU -QPXQNWV OKV UGNVGPGP 5GTKGP
. 9+0-'. /#)0755'0 -QRGPJCIGP #WMVKQP XQ 5NI )NÒEMUVCFV 7PKXGTUCN DGU &·PGOCTM WPF 5EJNGUYKI *QNUVGKP 0TP OKV #DD 1TKI $TQUEJWT UVCTM DGUVQGP #
. 947%- 9 $GTNKP #WMVKQPUMCVCNQIG XQP DKU OKV DGFGWVGPFGP 5COONWPIGP \W $TCPFGPDWTI 2TGWGP &QTVOWPF 9GUVHCNGP 5CEJUGP WPF /CPUHGNF $GTNKPGT /ÒP\XGTMGJT XQP 1TKI $TQUEJWT
$GUKV\GTUVGORGN KO 8QTUCV\
1632
. <5%*+'5%*' -¤&'4 .GKR\KI 8GTMCWHUMCVCNQIG CWU FGP ,CJTGP <WOGKUV KP *CNDNGK PGP \WUCOOGPIGDWPFGP $·PFG FC\W GKPKIG &WDNGVVGP DTQUEJKGTV WPF *CNDNGKPGPD·PFG
. -1081.76 )TQGU -QPXQNWV OKV #WMVKQPUMCVCNQIGP \WOGKUV FGWVUEJGT (KTOGP PCEJ FGO 9GNV MTKGI FCDGK W C FKG (KTOGP #.$4'%*6 *1((/#00 $#&'0 9ª466'/$'4)+5%*' $#0- $'4.+0'4 /ª0< %#$+0'6 &14#7 (4+'&4+%*5 )#.'4+' &'5 /100#+'5 )140; )4'+5'4 *+45%* -¤.0'4 /ª0<-#$+0'66 -15.195-+ -742( .<+5%*' /ª0<*#0&.70) -4'55 .#0< .'7 /ª0<)#.'4+' /ª0%*'0 /ª0<-10614 (4#-(746 07/+5/#6+%# 9+'0 2#46+0 $#0- 2'75 4#7%* 5%*4#// 5%*7./#00 6+'6,'0 %1 9+06'4 947%-
. )TQGU -QPXQNWV OKV #WMVKQPUMCVCNQIGP \WOGKUV CWU FGT <GKV PCEJ FGO <YGKVGP 9GNVMTKGI W C XQP #7%6+10'5 #) &4'5&0'4 /ª0<#7-6+10 ).'0&+/+0) #&1.2* *'55 *'55 .'7 *+45%* -#560'4 -4+%*'.&14( .'7 /ª0<'0 70& /'&#+..'0 #) /ª0< <'0647/ -¤.0 2'75 4+)¤ 5%*7.6'0 %1 516*'$; 5 52+0- <ÒTKEJ 9#.&'/#4 947%- %C .KUVGP WPF -CVCNQIG &C\W /ª0<'0 70& /'&#+..'0 #) $CUGN .KUVGP <WOGKUV DTQUEJKGTV
. )TQGU -QPXQNWV XQP -CVCNQIGP \W CPVKMGP /ÒP\GP W C XQP %#*0 #WMVKQP '))'4 5NI 2TQYG 6HP CNU -QRKG ).'0&'0+0) -CVCNQIG CWU FGP ,CJTGP *'.$+0) 5& \WT #WMVKQP 4ÌOKUEJG /ÒP\GP $CTDCTKUEJG 2T·IWPIGP *'.$+0) #WMVKQP XQO 5NI *GTOCPP *'.$+0) #WMVKQP XQO *'55 .'7 #WMVKQP XQO #WMVKQP XQO *'55 #WMVKQP XQO 5NI 5[FGPJCO W C 516*'$; 5 #WMVKQP XQO 516*'$; 5 #WMVKQP XQO 5NI &QJGP[ 516*'$; 9+.-+0510 *1&)' #WMVKQP XQO <WOGKUV DTQUEJKGTV
. -QPXQNWV XQP XKGNGP 8GTMCWHUNKUVGP FGT (KTOGP 'OKN 0GWUV·VVGT (GNKZ 5EJNGUUKPIGT /CZ -KGJP .WF YKI .QGUGT 9KNF %QOR WPF 1VVQ *CMG CWU FGP ,CJTGP
. -QPXQNWV XQP 8GTUVGKIGTWPIUMCVCNQIGP GWTQR·KUEJGT #WMVKQPUJ·WUGT FGT 8QT WPF 0CEJMTKGIU\GKV OKV DGFGWVGPFGP 5COONWPIGP WPF 5GTKGP 7PVGTUEJKGFNKEJ DTQUEJKGTV WPF IGDWPFGP
125
AUTORENINDEX A
#ESWCTQ ' #FGTU ) *WNUJQHH # N W C #MCTEC # #MWTICN ' #NDTGEJV , #NHGP 2 ) XCP #NHÌNFK # #NHÌNFK ' #NNGP & ( #NTCO / #NTCO / )[UGNGP 4 #NXCTG\ 1UUQTKQ ( #OCPFT[ / 'UVKQV 5 )CWVKGT ) #OCPFT[ / 4GO[ $ #OGTKECP 0WOKUOCVKE 5QEKGV[ #ORCEJ % N XQP #PFTGYU # #PPWCKTG FG NC 5QEKGVG (TCP¼CKUG FG 0WOKUOCVKSG GV F CTEJGQNQIKG #PQMJKP 8 # #PQP[O #PVKMG )GOOGP KP FGWVUEJGP 5COONWPIGP #PVKMG /ÒP\GP 0QTF )TKGEJGPNCPFU #RRCTWVK ) 4QO #RRGN , 5GR #TEJKX HÒT /GFCKNNGP WPF 2NCMGVVGPMWPFG #T¾VJWUG 4GXWG 6TKOGUVTKGNNG #TPGVJ , #TPQNF 2 3WGNNOCN\ 9 #TPQNF $KWEEJK % #TUNCP ' # #TUNCP / .KIJVHQQV % #TVJÐT 2 #TVWM + #TVWM + WPF % #TZ 4 XQP #UMGY ) #UQNCVK / #VNCP 5 #VVKCPGUG 2 #WNQEM * XQP
B
$CDGNQP ' $CDGNQP , .CHCWTKG , $CFKC K 6QTTGU # $CJTHGNFV ' $CJTHGNFV / XQP $CMJQWO 5 $CNDK &G %CTQ 5 $CNFYKP $TGVV # $CNFYKP # $CNN 4 $GTNKP $CNN[ 1 $CNQI 2 $CPVK # 5KOQPGVVK . $CTCOMK & % $CTCPQYUMK / /KNCPQ $CTTCN + #NVGV : $CTTQP , 2 $CTVQNQVVK ( 126
$CT\CP 4 $CUVKGP 2 $CUVKGP 2 #OCPFT[ / )CWVKGT ) $CUVKGP 2 %QVJGPGV # $CUVKGP 2 *WXGNKP * $CVGUQP , & $CVVMG * $CWGT ) $CWUNCWIJ 4 # $GEMGPDCWGT ' $GFQWMKCP 2 < $GKGTNGKP , 2 $GNN 4 % $GNNKPIGT # N $GNNKPIGT # 4 $GNOQPVG , LWP *CODWTI $GOQPV % $GPFCNN 5 $GPVKPEM % 5 FG $GTI # $GTI 7 (TGKJGTT XQP $GTIGT ( $GTIGT . $GTIJCWU 2 $GTIJCWU 2 /·MGNGT * $GTIOCPP , $GTKEJVG *TUI * * -TKEJGNFQTH $GTM * , $GTNKPGT /ÒP\DN·VVGT 0GWG (QNIG $GTNKPGT 0WOKUOCVKUEJG (QTUEJWPIGP $GTNKPGT 0WOKUOCVKUEJG <GKVUEJTKHV $GTOCPP , 9KGP $GTPCTF 2 $GTPCTFK ) $GTPJCTF 1 $GTPJCTV / $GTPQEEJK / $GTT[ ) $GTUVGVV # (TGKJGTT XQP $GUQODGU 2 # $G[UEJNCI & ' $KIPQVVK . $KIQU\GYUMC 9 $KPFGT % 'DPGT , $KPFGT ) *CODWTI $KTCIK ( / $KUJQR , & *QNNQYC[ 4 4 $K\QV 2 # $N·VVGT HÒT /ÒP\HTGWPFG *TUI XQP * )TQVG HQTVIGHÒJTV XQP , WPF # 'TDUVGKP * $WEJGPCW ' /GTVGPU WPF 4 )CGVVGPU $N·VVGT (ÒT /ÒP\MWPFG *I * )TQVG $NCPF 4 $NQGUEJ * $QCTFOCP , 5ECTKUDTKEM & $QFG 9 , . $QFGPUVGFV ( $QGJTKPIGT ' $QN\GPVJCN * $QPCPPK 2 $QRGCTCEJEJK 1 4CJOCP # 7T
$QUEJ % $QUEJ % ' #VNCP 5 $C[FWT 0 $QWFGCW ' $QWFGV 4 &GRG[TQV ) $QWTIG[ ' 2CTKU $QWVKP 5 $QWVMQYUMK )NKPMC # $TCOUGP . $TCWP ' 9 $TCWUG /CPUHGNF # $TGEMGPTKFIG , & $TGMMG $ ( $TGPPGT ' $TGPQV % 5EJGGTU 5 $TKECWNV . $TKPEMOGKGT ' $TKVKUJ /WUGWO %CVCNQIWG $TQQMG % 0 N $TQQMG ) % $TQYP . $TWEM ) $TÃ&#x2019;IIGOCPP $TWP 2 $TWPGVVK . $WEJGPCW * $WEJGPCW * 2KEM $ $WEM * $WEM * $CJTHGNFV / XQP $WEM * /GKGT 1 $Ã&#x2019;VVPGT # $Ã&#x2019;VVPGT & $WTMJCTFV # $WTPGVV # #OCPFT[ / 4KRQNN½U 2 2 $WTTGT ( $WT\KQ * ( $WVVQP ' (TCPMHWTVGT /Ã&#x2019;P\GPJCPFNWPI $WVVTG[ ,T 6 8 $W\FWICP ) NWEJKCP 1 1RTGEW % %
C
%CJP # G (TCPMHWTV C / %CJP ' $ %CJP * # /KNFGPDGTI . 4WUUQ 4 8QGIVNK * %CJP * # *WTVGT 5 /KNFGPDGTI . 5VTCWUU 2 %CJP * # .G 4KFGT ) %CJP , %CNEKCVK 4 %CNKEKQ ( WPF : 6TKIQ %CORCPC # %CORGNN 9 %CPGUUC % WPF ' 0GCRGN %CRRG * 2 %CRRG 9 %CTQP ' %CTUQP 4 # ) 2 8 *KNN , 2 % -GPV %CUVGNKP - %CUVKINKQPK % 1 %CXGFQPK % %GLPGM , %GTOCM - 5MTDGM $ %JCFQWT 5CORUQP $ %JCNNKU % ' %JCVKNNQP .
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
D
&B#PPGEK 6 &CPPGPDGTI * &CPPJGKOGT * &CTKGT * &CXGPRQTV , 5 &C[GV / &G /QTICP , &GDQTF 2 &GNGUVTGG . 2 6CEJG / &GNNC %CUC / &GNOQPVG # &GODUMK ) &GOQ < &GOQNG ' 9CXTG 9 &GRGT[TQV ) *CEMGPU 6 /QWEJCTVG ) &GRG[TQV ) &GTQE # &GUPGWZ , &GUUGYHH[ / &GVJNGHU ) 5VGIWYGKV 9 &GWVUEJG $WPFGUDCPM &GWVUEJG )GUGNNUEJCHV HÃ&#x2019;T /GFCKNNGPMWPUV &GWVUEJG /Ã&#x2019;P\DN·VVGT 0GWG (QNIG &GWVUEJGU ,CJTDWEJ HÃ&#x2019;T 0WOKUOCVKM &KGVKMGT * # &KGWFQPPG # &KVVTKEJ - &KXQ , 2 &QGFGTNKP , # 127
&QNNKPIGT ( &QOCPKI - &QTHOCPP $ &QTQVJGWO 9KGP &QVVK ' &TCICPQX & &TGUUGN * &TQWKP ' &WEJCNCKU # &WFKM $ &ÒPKPI # &ÒTT 0 &WRQPV 5QOOGT # 4QDGTV . &WRTKG\ % $TÒUUGN &WVMQYUMK , &WXG )
E
'EMJGN , 'FJGO * 'IIGT $TÒFGT 9KGP 'IIGT / 'JGDGTI - 6 'KFNKV\ 4 , 'KUGNGKP , 'KUGTOCPP ' 'MNWPF 1 2 0QG 5 2 'NC[K , 'NC[K # ) 'NKCU ' 4 & 'NOGT ) 'N\G 6 'OOGTKI * 'OOGTKI * -Q\KPQYUMK 1 'PIGN # 5GTTWTG 4 'PIGNMG $ 'P\GPDGTI 9 # )TCH XQP 'TDUVGKP , W # 'TEQNCPK %QEEJK ' 'TNCPIGT * , 'TPUV $ 'TQN # 'ZVGT ( '[RGNVCWGT 6
F
(CNMGPUVKGP , XQP (CNNQW . (CTCJDCMJUJ * (CTMCU # XQP (GTEJGN ( / (GWCTFGPV ( (GWCTFGPV (T½TGU 2CTKU (KCNC ' (KPCWGT 2 2 (KUEJGT ' 9KGP (KUEJGT 6 (KUEJGT $QUUGTV 9 (KV\ , (NGPFGT , * (NKGUUDCEJ ( (NQTCPIG , WPF %KCPK . 2CTKU (ÌTUEJPGT ) (QNMGU / 128
(QTTGT . (QTTGT 4 (QTUVGT # 5EJOKF 4 (TCEEKC % ) (TCPMG 2 4 (TCPMG 2 4 *KTOGT / (TCPMG 2 4 2CCT . (TCPMHWTVGT /ÒP\DN·VVGT 5GKV (TCPMHWTVGT /ÒP\\GKVWPI (TCPMHWTVGT 0WOKUOCVKUEJG )GUGNNUEJCHV (TGFG . (TGGOCP ' # (TGWPFGDGTI ) # (TG[ * 2 4 (TGKDWTI KO $TGKUICW 5R·VGT $NCUGT (TG[ (TKGFDGTI 4 (TKGFGPUDWTI ( (TKGFGPUDWTI ( 5GIGT * (TKGFGTKEJ - (TKGFNCGPFGT , (TKV\G * XQP )CGDNGT * (TÌJNKEJ % (TQGJPGT 9 (TQNQXC 0 # (WEJU ) (WNIQPK # (WTUG ' * (WTVY·PINGT # G
G
)¯DTKEK ' )CGFGEJGPU 1 % )CGVVGPU 4 )CGVVGPU 4 .ÒDGEM )CGVVGPU 4 'TVGN * )·WOCPP # )CNGQVVK # )CNUVGT ) )CODGTKPK FK 5ECTH½C % )CTEKC # % 'UEWFGTQ ( / /QPVGQNKXC , 8 )CTEKC $GNKFQ / 2 )CTKGN ' )CTXG , )CWFQT[ 8 )GDGTV % ( 0ÒTPDGTI )GDJCTFV - )GDJCTV * )GDJCTV * -TCHV - )GKI[ # )GKUUGP # )GTKP & )JCNKD 'FJGO + )KCTF , $ )KGUGEMG 9 )KGUGP - )KNJQHGT 4CPUEJDWTI 9KGP )KNJQHGT 4CPUEJDWTI 9KGP WPF *GUU # .W\GTP )KNNLCO * * )KVNGT * 2QPVKPI / )KVNGT * 6CN 1 )NGPFGPKPI )NGPFKPKPI %Q WPF 5GCD[ $ # .QPFQP
)NQDQEPKM # 8 )O[TGM % )QFQPPGUEJG 0 )ÌDN ( )ÌDN 4 W C )ÌV\ % L )ÌV\G 4 )QNGPMQ - 8 )QQFCETG * )QTRJG , )TCDQY . 4QUVQEM UR·VGT $GTNKP )TCGXKWU , ) )TCPFLGCP % )TCPV / )TCUUGT 9 )TC[ , % ( )TGGP / , )TGGPYGNN 9 )TKGTUQP 2 /C[U / )TKOO ' )TKV\PGT / )TÌUUNGT * )TQUG 5 9 )TQVG * *TUI )TQVGHGPF % . )TQVGOG[GT 2 )TWGDGT * # )TWGDGT * # -GCT[ % ( )TWGN - /QTKP ' )TWPCWGT XQP *QGTUEJGNOCPP 5 )ÒVVJGT % * )WOQYUMK / )WVOCPP ( 5EJYCDCEJGT 9 )[ÌPI[ÌUU[ / 9KPVGT *
H
*CCHH 2 # XCP *CCU , *CDGTNKP ' , *CDKEJ ) *CEMGPU 6 /QWEJCTVG ) *·DGTNG # *CGDGTNKP ' , *·XGTPKEM 9 *CIGP , ) ( XQP *CIGP 7 *CJP ' *CJP 7 *CJP 9 /GVECNH 9 ' *CJP 9 /GVNKEJ / # *CJP 9 T Q *CNCEMC + *CNN ' 6 /GVECNH & / *CODWTIGT $GKVT·IG \WT 0WOKUOCVKM *CODWTIGT , (TCPMHWTV C / *CODWTIGT . . (TCPMHWTV C / *CODWTIGT . (TCPMHWTV C / *COOGTKEJ * *CTUVGT 9 *CTVOCPP (TCP\GPUJWNF ' ' XQP *CV\ ) *CWDGTI 2
*CWRV 9 *CWUGT , *GCF $ X *GDGTNG , / * .GORGTV\ 5ÌJPG -ÌNP *GFG * *GGTGP + *GGUEJ , XCP *GKFGOCPP 5 0GDGU 0 *GKUU # *GMNGT # *GNDKPI *GNDKPI 0CEJH 1 /ÒPEJGP *GNDKPI * /ÒPEJGP *GNDKPI 1 /ÒPEJGP *GNNGT , *GNOTGKEJ 6 *GNOUEJTQVV - W 4 *GPKI / *GPPG CO 4J[P 1 *GPPKP / *GPUGNGT # *GTDGTV - *GTKPGM . *GTKPI ' *GT\HGNFGT * *GUU #) .W\GTP *GUU 0CEJH # (TCPMHWTV C / *GUU # (TCPMHWTV C / *G[FGP * XQP *G[PG 1 *KNFKUEJ , *KNN ) ( *KNN ) ( 2QNNCTF ) *KNN ) ( 4KEEK 5 FG *KNN 2 8 *KTUEJ , /ÒPEJGP *KTUEJ , % *QDDU 4 *QEJWNK )[UGN # *QGRNK 7 *QHHOCPP * *QNV\ 9 *QN\OCKT $ *QN\OCKT ' *QQXGT 1 & *QTP * ) 4ÒIGT % $ *QTPWPI U /ÎPVCWMVKQPGT -QRGPJCIGP *QWIJVQP # *ÒTNKOCPP *
I
+#20 +ECTF 5 +NKUEJ 2 +NKUEJ 2 5EJYGFG # +OJQQH $NWOGT ( +OJQQH $NWOGT ( )CTFPGT 2 +PIJQNV * +PP WPF -P[RJCWUGP - )TCH +PUVKVWVQ +VCNKCPQ FK 0WOKUOCVKEC +RRGN # +UKM ' +UNGT * 2 129
+XGTUGP ,
J
,CGIGT - ,CJTDWEJ FGU 0WOKUOCVKUEJGP 8GTGKPU \W &TGUFGP ,CJTDWEJ HÒT 0WOKUOCVKM WPF )GNFIGUEJKEJVG ,COGUQP 4 %QNNGEVKQP ,GNQEPKM # ,GPMKPU ) - -ÒVJGOCPP * 5WVJGTNCPF % * 8 W C ,GPMKPU ) - .GYKU 4 $ ,GUUG 9 ,GUWTWO # ,KOGPG\ # ,QCEJKO , ( ,QJPUVQP # ,QPIMGGU , J ,QUGRJ 2 ,QUKHQXUMK 2 ,QWTPCN +PVGTPCVKQPCN F CTEJ¾QNQIKG 0WOKUOCVKSWG ,WPIM * ,WPIYKTVJ * ,WTWMQXC ,
K
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
-NQUG & 1 # -NÒUUGPFQTH 0 -NWIG $ -PKIIG 9 -QEJ * -QEJU * -ÌJNGT , F -QGJPG $ FG -QGPKI # 5VCN\GT ( -ÌPKI 6 -ÌPKINKEJG /WUGGP \W $GTNKP -QNDC , * 0¾OGVJ # 6 -QNPÃMQX± ' -QOPKEM * -QPITGUUDGTKEJVG -QPKPI , #OUVGTFCO -QU 2 -Q\KPQYUMK 1 1VVQ , 4WUU * -TCC[ % / -TCHV - -TCWU ( ( $TCWPUEJYGKI -TCWUG % . /KUJNGT % -TGO[FK 5KEKNKCPQW 5 -TGUU - /ÒPEJGP -TGUVGX - -TKVV $ -TQNN , * -TWU[ * -WDG 4 $GTNKP -WJP * -WNN , X -WOOGT # -WPFOCPP , % -WP\ % -WP\GN /
L
.CECO ) .CETQKZ . .CHCWTKG , .CJWUGP ) .CJWUGP ) (QTOKINK ' .CLQU * .COCU # .CPG 2QQNG 5 2QQNG 4 5 .CPIG - .CPINQKU 8 .CPPC (TGKJGTT # XQP .CP\ * )TC\ .CP\ 1 .CWTGPV 8 .G 4KFGT ) .GDGM 9 .GGFU ' 6 .GJOCPP * WPF (NQTCPIG , 2CTKU .GKV\OCPP , .GORGTV\ / -ÌNP .GPI[GN . .GTOCPP 9 .GUEJJQTP 9 .GUUGT ( % .GW #) <ÒTKEJ WPF *GUU # .W\GTP .G[RQNF (
.KDGTQ /CPIKGTK ) .KEJPQYUM[ 4 XQP .KEJVGPDGTIGT # .KGDG % 5 .KRRQNF ) .KRUKWU , ) .LWDKEC 5 .QDGN 4 .QEJPGT , * .ÌDDGEMG # .ÌHHGNJQN\ XQP -QNDGTI 9 (TGKJGTT .QJPGT % .QPFQP .QPIWGV * .QQP ) XCP .QTDGT % E .QTK , I XQP .QTKEJU ) & FG .QWDCV , ( .WECU 2 .ÒEMIGT * , .WMCPE . .WNNKGU 4 .WUEJKP XQP 'DGPITGWVJ #
M
/CEFQPCNF & , /CFCK & 5 /CFUCEM ' /·MGNGT * /CICKP 2 /CNOGT $ W C /CPFGN ' , /CPP , /CPXKNNG * ' 4QDGTVUQP 6 , /CTIQNKU 4 /CTMN / /CTVKP % -CJN * & %CJP ' $ /CTVKPK 4 /CTVKPK 9 /CVVKPIN[ * /CVVKPIN[ * 5[FGPJCO ' W C /CWG * /CWTKEG , /C[ , / ( /C[GT % /C[GT ' XQP /C[JGY 0 , /C[T # /C\CTF , /C\\KPK ) /GIQY 9 4 /GJN / /GKGT 1 /GKPJCTFV ) /GPGUVTKGT % ( /GP\GN * /GP\GN 2 /GP\KPUM[ * /GTKEMC 8 /GTNG XQP /GTVGPU ' /GT\DCEJGT ' /ÒPEJGP
/GT\FQTH , ( . 6 /GUJQTGT ; 3GFCT 5 /GUPKN FW $WKUUQP 4 /GVECNH & / /GVECNH 9 ' /GWUU * *CODWTI /GXKWU , /G[ , FG /G[ , FG 2QKPFGUUCWNV $ /G[GT # /G[GT * /G[GT 9WTODCEJ ' /KGTKU ( XCP /KJCKNGUEW $ÄTNKDC 8 /KMQEMK . /KNFGPDGTI . *WTVGT 5 /KNGU ) % /KNNGT \W #KEJJQN\ 8 /KNNGT \W #KEJJQN\ 8 .QGJT # *QN\OCKT ' /KNNGT / /KNPG , ) /KQPPGV 6 ' /KUUGTG ) (QPVCPC ( / /KUUQPI # /KVEJKPGT / /KVVCI 2 ( /KVVGKNWPIGP FGT $C[GTKUEJGP 0WOKUOCVKUEJGP )GUGNNUEJCHV /KVVGKNWPIGP HÒT /ÒP\UCOONGT /QEJKTK / + /QOOUGP 6 /QPCVUDNCVV FGT 0WOKUOCVKUEJGP )GUGNNUEJCHV KP 9KGP /QPTCF + 2 /QTKP ( /QTKP * /QTTKUQP - ( )TWPVJCN * /QTTKUUQP % /QUEJ * % XQP /QUGT * 6WTUM[ * /QUUOCPP 2 . /QUVCNCE # /QUVGEM[ * /QWEJCTVG /QWEJOQX 0 # /QWUVCMC # /TCUU 2 5CMYGTFC , /ÒNNGT ' /ÒNNGT . /ÒNNGT 1 ( /ÒNNGT ,CJPEMG 9 & 8QN\ ( ' /ÒNXGTUVGFV ) # XQP /ÒPFJGKO / /ÒPUVGTDGTI 4 /ÒPUVGTGT * 1 /ÒP\GP WPF /GFCKNNGP #) $CUGN $CPM .GW %Q <ÒTKEJ /ÒP\JCPFNWPI $CUGN $CUGN /ÒUGNGT - /WHHCV - # /WNNGT ( /WPTQ *C[ 5 % /WPVQPK ( 131
/WTKUGV )KEQV % )GPH /ÎTMJQNO 1 /ÎTMJQNO 1 <CJNG ,
N
0CJW[U / 6 0CUJ & 0CUVGT 2 0CW ' 0CXKNNG %Q )GPH #TU %NCUUKEC 0CXKNNG . 0GNMGPDTGEJGT , % 0GUOKVJ 4 + 0GVVNGHQNF ( , 0GW * 0GYGNN ' 6 0QG 2 /ÒNNGT . 0GYGNN ' 6 0QG 5 R 0GYOCP ' 2 $TGUUGVV - ' 0KEQN 0 & 0KIIN 2 0KOOGTIWV , 0QG 5 2 ,QJPUVQP # 0QGUMG * % 0QJGLNQX± 2T±VQX± ' 0QNN¾ , 1XGTDGEM $ 9GKUU 2 0QOKUOC 0QOKUOCVKMC :TQPKMC 0QTVJ , , 2TGUVQP /QTNG[ 2 , 0QUU # 0ÒV\GN * 0WOKUOCVKE %JTQPKENG 0WOKUOCVKE %KTEWNCT 0WOKUOCVKE (KPG #TVU $GXGTN[ *KNNU 0WOKUOCVKEC 9KGP 0WOKUOCVKEMÓ %CUQRKU %GUMQUNQXGPUMÓ 0WOKUOCVKUEJG /KVVGKNWPIGP 0ÒTPDGTI 0WOK\OCVKECT 0WUUDCWO * <ÒTKEJ
O
1DGTOC[T , ' 1EEQ # 1EJ ( 1KMQPQOKFGU / 1NEC[ 0 5G[TKI * 1NFKPI / 1NKXCEC[QP , 4 %CUVCP % 1NKXKGTK # 1PFTQWEJ 8 1R FGP 8GNFG 9 -NCCUUGP % , ( 1RRGN ( 1TFGP ) XCP 1TFKPG FK 5 )GPPCTQ 1TFKPG /KNKVCTG FK 5 )KQTIKQ &GNNC 4KWPKQPG 1TFKPG /KNKVCTG FK 5CXQLC 1TVJOCPP 9 1UUDCJT % # 1UVGP * * XQP FGT 1XGTDGEM $
P
2CEJKPIGT # / 2CEJKPIGT # / (TKGUGPGIIGT , / 132
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
Q
3WCFGTPK 6KEKPGUK 3WGNNOCN\ 9 3WKIIKP # *
R
4 #NHÌNFK / 4CE\[PUMK ' 4CPKGTK ' 4CRRCRQTV ' $GTNKP 4CUKNG / 4CUOWUUGP # 4CUOWUUQP 0 . .CIGTSXKUV . 1 4CVVQ / /CKNCPF 4CVVQ 4 4CVVQ 4 .WICPQ 4CXGN 1 ' 4C[OQPF 9
4GFFGT ( .GKR\KI 4GFFGT 9 4GINKPI - 4GKHGPDGTI # 4GKOOCPP ( 4GKPCEJ # , 4GKPJCTF , 2 4GKPJCTV 9 4GPILGQ + 4GPPGT 8 FG 4GVQYUMK 1 4GWUEJ 9 4GXWG $GNIG FG 0WOKUOCVKSWG GV FG 5KIKNNQITCRJKG 4GXWG 0WOKUOCVKSWG 4KEEKQ ) ) 4KEJVGT # 4KEJVGT ) / # 4KEJVGT , 4KEQVVK 2TKPC & 4KGEJOCPP # 4KGEJOCPP # *CNNG CP FGT 5CCNG 4KPCNFK 1 4KVVOCPP * 4K\\QNNK * 4QDGTV % 4QDGTV . 4QDGTV . WPF , 4QDGTV 2 % 4QDGTVU 9 4 *GCF $ 8 4QDGTVUQP # 5 4QDKPUQP & / 4QDKPUQP ' 5 ) %CUVTQ *KRÉNKVQ / 4QJTGT ) 4QNNC / 4QNNKP (GWCTFGPV 2CTKU WPF # *QN\JCWUGP 9KGP 4QNNKP (GWCTFGPV 2CTKU 4QUG 1 4QUGPDGTI * 5 *CPPQXGT 4QUGPDGTI 5 (TCPMHWTV #O /CKP 4QUU *QNNQYC[ 4 4QUU *QNNQYC[ 4 ,GPMKPU ) - 4QUVQY\GY / 4QW[GT , *WEJGT ' 4WFQNRJ ' 4WVVGT 0 - 4W\KEMC .
S
5CDCVKGT , 5CDCVKGT / , 5CEJUUGPFCJN , 5CEMGP ' XQP -GPPGT ( 5·TUVTÌO / 5CLCWUMCU 5 -CWDT[U & 5CNNGV # XQP 5CNNGV # XQP 2KEM $ W C 5CNOQ * 5CODQP # %CPGUUC % WPF ' 2CTKU WPF 4QO 5CODQP ) 5CODQP ) /CKNCPF 4QO (NQTGP\ 5CPVCOCTKC 2 WPF 2 4QO 5CPVKPK #
5CVJ[COWTVJ[ 6 5CVVNGT # $CUGN 5CWGTNCPFV / 5CWNE[ ( FG 5CWNE[ . ( , % FG 5CWTOC ,GNVUEJ * XQP 5EJCCH 4 5EJCCHH 7 5EJ·HGT ' 5EJGGTU 5 5EJGHQNF - 5EJGODTK % * % 5EJGT 5 - 5EJKPFGN 0 5EJNGIGN # 5EJNGUUKPIGT ( $GTNKP 5EJNKEMG[UGP ( 9 # 2CNNOCPP 4 &TQ[UGP * 5EJNQUUGT , XQP 5EJNWODGTIGT * 5EJOKFV $ -PCD % 'TDUVGKP , 5EJOKFV / 5EJOKFV 4 ) 5EJOKGFGT % % 5EJPGG ) 5EJPGKFGT - 5EJÌPGOCPP % 2 % 5EJÌPGTV )GKUU ' 5EJÌPXKUPGT 5 5EJÌRRNGT * 5EJQNVGP % 5EJQVV 9CNNGTUVGKP 5 (TCPMHWTV C / 5EJTÌVVGT ( (TGKJGTT XQP 5EJWDGTV 6 ( XQP 5EJWNOCP * / ( 0GY ;QTM 5EJWNOCP , 5EJWNOCP , #OUVGTFCO 5EJWNVG $ 5EJWNVGP # 5EJWNVGP 2 0 5EJWNVJGUU 4GEJDGTI - ) 5EJWNV\ 5 5EJWN\G + WPF 9 ) 5EJYCDCEJGT 9 5EJYCNDCEJ % 5EJYGK\GTKUEJG 0WOKUOCVKUEJG 4WPFUEJCW 5EJYKPMQYUMK 9 5EQVV - 5GCD[ * # 5GGN·PFGT 0 5GKDV 9 5GKFGN - & 5GKVGTNG ) 5GNKIOCPP # *CPPQXGT 5GNKIOCPP * 5GNNKGT 4 5GNNYQQF & 5GNVOCP % 5GOTQX # 5GPKQT 4 % 5GTHCU * 5GWDGTV 5GXGTKP * / 5JGRRCTF 6 /WUJCO , (H 133
5JKGN 0 5KGXGMKPI , 5KOQPGVVC $ 5KOQPGVVK . 5NGRQXC 6 + 5OKVJ 4 5OQNFGTGP . 5QEKGVG (TCP¼CKUG FG 0WOKUOCVKSWG 5QGVDGGT # 5QVJGD[ %Q .QPFQP 5QVJGD[ U 5QVJGD[ .QPFQP 0GY ;QTM <ÒTKEJ 5QVJGD[ 9KNMKPUQP *QFIG .QPFQP 5RCPJGKO ' 5RCPW / 5RCUUM[ + ) 5RKPM 5QP 5RTWVJ ( 5VCPIG ' 5VCTEM[ , %CSWQV # 5VCTT % ) 5VGHCP ( 5VGP\GN 6 5VGTPDGTI ( <ÒTKEJ 5VQNN 4 5VTCEM 2 . 5VTGDGT ( 5WEJKGT 4 5WVJGTNCPF % * 8 -TCC[ % / 5WVJGTNCPF * 5XQTQPQU , 0 5[FGPJCO ' # 5[NNQIG 0WOOQTWO )TCGEQTWO $GNIKGP 5[NNQIG 0WOOQTWO )TCGEQTWO $WNICTKGP 5[NNQIG 0WOOQTWO )TCGEQTWO &·PGOCTM 5[NNQIG 0WOOQTWO )TCGEQTWO &GWVUEJNCPF 5[NNQIG 0WOOQTWO )TCGEQTWO )TKGEJGPNCPF 5[NNQIG 0WOOQTWO )TCGEQTWO )TQUUDTKVCPPKGP 5[NNQIG 0WOOQTWO )TCGEQTWO +VCNKGP 5[NNQIG 0WOOQTWO )TCGEQTWO ¤UVGTTGKEJ 5[NNQIG 0WOOQTWO )TCGEQTWO 5EJYGFGP 5[NNQIG 0WOOQTWO )TCGEQTWO 5EJYGK\ 5[NNQIG 0WOOQTWO )TCGEQTWO 6ÒTMGK 5[NNQIG 0WOOQTWO )TCGEQTWO 7PICTP 5[NNQIG 0WOOQTWO )TCGEQTWO 75# 5[NNQIG QH %QKPU QH VJG $TKVKUJ +UNGU 5\CKXGTV 9
T
6CGNOCP , 6CNKGTEKQ /GPUKVKGTK / 6CPPKEJ - 6GMKP 1 6JGOGUUN , 6JKGOG % ) .GKR\KI &TGUFGP 6JQORUQP / 6JQORUQP / /ÎTMJQNO 1 -TCC[ % /O 6JQOUGP % , 6JQTOCPP * 6KGRQNQ . 6JGWRQNWU ( 6QDNGT ' <·EJ $ 0WUUDCWO 5 6QGNMGP ' * 6QNUVQK , 134
6QOCUKPK 9 , 6QRCNQX 5 6QTPCW 1 6QTPDGTI % , 6QWT * FG NC 6QWTPGWT 8 6Q[PDGG , / % 6TGUQT FG 0WOKUOCVKSWG GV FG )N[RVKSWG 6TKGT & , 9 6TKNNOKEJ 9 6TKRRG # 6TQUV . , 6TQZGNN * # 6UCPICTK & + 6WFGGT . 1 6 6WTECP 4 6[U\MKGYKE\ ' 6\COCNKU # 2
U
7\FGPKMQX 8 8
V
8CIK & . 8CNGPVKPG 9 * 8CP #TUFGNN 4 & 8CP &GT 9KGNGP ; )GKUGT # -ĚPKI ( ' %CORCIPQNQ / 8CP )GNFGT * ' 8CP )GNFGT * ' *QE / 8CPPGN ( 6QFGTK ) 8CVGT & , 5 8GTC ) * 8GTGKP FGT /ÒP\GPHTGWPFG KP *CODWTI 8GTGKP HÒT 0WOKUOCVKM \W 2TCI 8GTMCFG 2 8KNNCTQPIC )CTTKIC . 8KNNCTQPIC . 8KUEQPVK ' 3 8KUOCTC 0 8QGIVNK * 8ÌNEMGTU * * 8QGVVGT 1 8QINJWDGT 4 8QIV , 8QKV . 8QNNG * 8QNNGPYGKFGT / .
W
9CFFKPIVQP 9 * $CDGNQP ' 4GKPCEJ 6 9CIGPUGKN % , 9CIPGT 4 9CJNGP # 9CNMGT , 9CNNCEG 9 2 9CNUJ ' * 8GTOC 6 2 9CPI ;Ò EJ ÒCP 9CTTGP , # 9 9GDGT & #TPQNF 2 -GKN 2 9GDGT + 5 9GDGT 1
9GKFJCU , ( 9GKIGN % 1 .GKR\KI 9GKN 4 9GKNGT * 9GKNNGT 4 9GKNOG[T ( : 9GKPI·TVPGT , 9GKUG # % 9GKUGT 9 9GNVGT ) 9GN\N 8QP 9GNNGPJGKO . 9GPFNKPI ' 9GP\GN # 9GUGPGT ( , /ÒPEJGP 9GUV # $ 9GUVGTOCTM 7 ,GPMKPU - 9G[N # 9G[N # $GTNKP 9JCKVGU , , 4 9JKVGJGCF 4 $ 9KDGN ( 9KFOGT / , 8QP 9KGEGM # 9KGNCPFV ( 9KGNCPFV ( <GKV\ , 9KGP - - *CWRVOÒP\COV 9KGPGT 0WOKUOCVKUEJG /QPCVUJGHVG 9KGTEKPUMC , 9KNDGTI / 9KNNKCOU 4 6 9KNNKCOUQP ) % 9KPMGN /CIPWUUGP -QRGPJCIGP 9KPVGTUVGKP % 9KP\GT # 9QTM ' 9Q[VGM $ 9TQVJ 9 9TWEM 9 9TWEM 9 $GTNKP 9ÒTVVGODGTIKUEJGT 8GTGKP (ÒT /ÒP\MWPFG 9ÒTVVGODGTIKUEJGU .CPFGUOWUGWO 5VWVVICTV 9WT\DCEJ 6CPPGPDGTI 9 4 XQP
Y
;CUJKP % ;TKCVG FG 1NKXC , .QRG\ %JCXG\ 5CPEJG\ .
Z
<CODCWT ' XQP <C[ ' <GJPCEMGT * <GKV\ . WPF , <KGINGT 4 <ÌVVN * <QITCRJ # 0 <UEJKGUEJG -ÌFGT .GKR\KI <YKGTNGKP &KGJN '
135
SAMMLUNGSINDEX A
#JTGPU # ' #NKPGPJQH * / #NNCVKPK %JWTEJKNN ' ) 5 #NNQVVG FG NC (W[G #OGTKECP 7PKXGTUKV[ QH $GKTWV /WUGWO #TVCTKC # #TVU * FGU #WNQEM * 5 XQP
B
$CEJQHGP XQP 'EJV $CEJQHGP $WTEMJCTFV , , 9 $CGT % $CGUGEMG * $CJTHGNFV ' $CNFKPIGT XQP $CT / $CTFV ( $CTTCEJKP $CTTQP 2 $CTTQP 6 9 $CTVJQNQOCGK $CWGT , $GEM , $GNGT 6 $GNNK . $GOGPV % 5 $GTEJGO $GTEJVQNF $GTIGT 5 $GTNKP /ÒP\MCDKPGVV $GTT[ $ ; $GTVKGT FG NC )CTFG # . $GVJG XQP $G[ ( $KGDGT $KPIGP * $KTMGPTWVJ # $NCUU ' $NQEJ 8GKVJ $QDQMQX $TQU $QFG $QJNOCPP 4 $QPJQHH $QTFGCWZ $Q[F / $TCPF 8 / $TCPFV .KEJVGPHGNU $TCVTKPI *GTOCPP $TCVTKPI 2 $TCWUG *CNNG $TGMMG $ ( $TGVVCWGT , $TG[OC[GT ( $TWWP . ' $WEJGPCW * $WEMNG[ $ÒNQY XQP $WJNGTU $WPMGT *WPV 0 136
$WTTCIG 4 $WTUKQ ) $ $WTUVCN ' -
C
%CRRG %CRTQVVK %CTN[QP $TKVVQP %CXCNNCTQ % ) %JTKUVKVEJ %JWTEJKNN ' ) 5 %NCGT ' XQP %NCTM % %NGHH 4 %QJP . %QNNKIPQP / %QNQPPC %ÊVG % %WTCVQNQ %WTVKWU %W\\K # %\KMCPP , .
D
&COOG 2 XCP &CP\KIGT &CXKU 0 &GGEMG &GKEJOCPP % 6 &GNDGEMG # &GYKPI # 5 &KGN &QJGP[ 2 # &QPGDCWGT / &QTOCIGP &TCGIGT ) &TGGT ( &TGUFGP -ÌPKIN /ÒP\ %CDKPGV &TG[HWU ) &ÒPKPI # &WMG QH 0QTVJWODGTNCPF &WODGTVQP 1CMU
E
'DPGT , 'PIGN )TQU 'PIGNGT 1 'P\GPDGTI # 'P\GPDGTI # )TCH XQP 'P\GPDGTI 9 # )TCH XQP 'TDUVGKP 4 , 'TKOKVCIG 'TPUV 'T\JGT\QI 5KIKUOWPF XQP ¤UVGTTGKEJ 'XCPU # , 'XCPU , 'XGNRKFKU 4 *
F
(CJTDCEJ . (CNMGPJCWUGP # XQP
(CTKPC % (CTQWM (GNFJGKO (GNKZ ' (GTTCTK NC 4GPQVK½TG (KGYGIGT (KQTKPQ (KUEJGT ' (NQTCPIG , (NQTG[ 4 (QPTQDGTV , (QTF , 4 (TCPM % (TCPMKGYKE\ / (TG[DQWTI # (TKGFGPUDWTI (TKGFGTKEJ & (TKGFTKEJ #WIWUV XQP 1NFGPDWTI (WEJU 9 (ÒTUVGPDGTIKUEJGU /ÒP\MCDKPGVV \W &QPCWGUEJKPIGP (WTIGT
G
)CGVVGPU )CNNGV )CTCXCINKC )CTTGVV )CTVJG * )GDGTV % ( )GUUPGT )GUUPGT ' )KNNGVG )KQTIK )NÒEMUVCFV )PGEEJK ' )QRRGN / . )QVJG /ÒP\MCDKPGVV )TCPFRG[ FG )TGGPG )TGKP )TQUUOCPP 6 )TQVG * )TÒPGTV % ( )WKFK )WNDGPMKCP % )WVGMWPUV * ) )WVJGKN
H
*CGDGTNKP ' , *CJP - *CTOGPKPI *CTVOCPP *CWGT *CWUYCNFV *GEMGVV ) 5 *GFG * *GGTFV ( *GKNDTQPPGT *GKNDTWPP $ *GKPTKEK ) *GNHGTKEJ
*GNNYGI # *GPEMGN 2 *GPPGDGTI # *GTOCPP *GT\ * *GT\HGNFGT *GUGOCPP *G[FGP # XQP FGT *G[FGP * XQP *G[G ' *G[OCPP *KPVGTUVQKUUGT , *ÌHMGP *CVVKPIUJGKO *ÌT % *QNNGT *QN\OCPP / *QTUM[ *QUMKGT * % *QVJQTP *QWIJVQP #
I
+MN¾ # +OJQQH $NWOGT ( +PP WPF -P[RJCWUGP - \W +UGPDGEM , +V\KPIGT 9 +XGTUGP
J
,COGU * . ,COGUQP 4 ,QUGRJ 2
K
-CRU 9 ' -CWHOCPP XQP -C[UGT -GGVOCPP # -GNNGTOG[GT -GUUNGT % -GUUNGT - -KNNKUEJ XQP *QTP -KTUEJ -NKPIGTV ) -PKIIG 9 -PQDNCWEJ , -PQNN % -P[RJCWUGP - -QDNKV\ * XQP -QEJ -QGPKI -ÌTPGT -QHNGT -QNNOCPP ' -QTP -TCC\ -T·OGT ' -TCHV 9 -TCWU ) -TGUU 5 * -WDKEMK 1 XQP -WNN , 8 137
-WPUVHTGWPF -WP\
/WUGWO QH (KPG #TVU $QUVQP
L
0CIGN 5 0CVJCP & 0CVJWUKWU 0GWDCWGT 4 0GYGNN ' 6 0KGUU # 0KIIGNGT 9 0QNVG , 0QTFJGKO
.CKDNG .COD , ' .CODTQU , 2 .CPPC # XQP .CVQWT XQP 6JWTODWTI - .CYTGPEG . # .GJOCPP .GJOCPP 2 XQP .GUVTCPIGU .GXKU * % .GX[ , .KPFPGT .QEJPGT ) .QEMGVV 4 % .ÌDDGEMG # .ÌHHNGT ( .ÌJT XQP .QGYG * .QTGP\ 9 .QVJQN\ .QXGNN % .WFYKI
M
/CDDQVV 6 1 /CFCK & 5 /CIPCIWVK /CKNKGV /CLGTWU /CPP , /CTKGPDWTI /CTVKPK # /CTVKPQTK ' /CVVG[ /CWTGT /E-GCP 4CD[ % /E.GCP /GGUG , /GKGTJQH /GTMGPU ( /GTNG XQP /GTVGPU ' /GVTQRQNKVCP /WUGWO QH #TV /GV\ * /G[GT )GFCPGPUKU # /KEJCKNQXKVUEJ # /KEJGTC , /KNNGT \W #KEJJQN\ 8 /KPWU ) /ÌNNGT /QNVJGKO # 9 4KVVGT XQP /QPPKGT /QPTCF + 2 /QTDKQ % /QTGN (CVKQ # /QTQUKPK /WGNNGT .GDCPQP * /ÒP\MCDKPGVV /WTFQEJ , ) 138
N
O
1 $[TPG 1CMNG[ * , 2 1EJ ( 1GTVGN # 1NU\QYUMK . XQP
P
2CN¾\KGWZ FG 2CWGT , 2CWNK ( 2GN\GT # 2GP\KI 2GVTQYKE\ # 2GVT[ * 2GVVKPCVK 2JKNKRR , 2JKNKRUGP ) 2KGRGT 9 2NWO 2PKQYGT ) 2QIIG % ( 2QPVQP F #O¾EQWTV 2Q\\K 5 2TGKUU 2 2TKP\ #NGZCPFGT XQP *GUUGP WPF DGK 4JGKP 2TKP\ )GQTI XQP 2TGWGP 2TKP\ .GQRQNF XQP 2TGWGP 2TKP\ 2JKNKRR XQP 5CEJUGP %QDWTI )QVJC 2TQYG 6
R
4CKPGT 4¾IPCWNV * 4GKOOCPP ( 4JQFG 6 4JQWUQRQWNQU 4KGEJOCPP 4QDGTV 4QGFGT % 4QGRGT 4QIGTU ' 4QJFG 6 4QUGPDGTI * 5 4QVGPJCP * XQP 4QVJ XQP 4QWUUGV 4WFQNRJ 4WHH * 4WNCPF %
4WORH
S
5CEJUG 4 5CEJUGP %QDWTI )QVJC 2 XQP 5CTVKIGU 5CVVNGT # 5CWNE[ ( 5CWTOC ,GNVUEJ * XQP 5EJCNNGPDGTI , 5EJCTPCIGN 5EJGGN 9GKJGT WPF 0KORVUEJ 4 ( XQP 5EJGPPKU $CTQP ( XQP 5EJG[GT , 5EJNGUKPIGT 9 5EJNKGHHGP 5EJNÒVGT 5EJOKFV ( 9 5EJOKFV ) 5EJOWNC -TCRRKV\ & 5EJPGKFGT ' 5EJPGKFGT * 5EJÌPDGTI 6JCOOGPJCKP 5EJTCFGT , 5EJTCV\ 9 5EJTQVV 5EJÒUUNGT 9 5EJWNVJGUU 4GEJDGTI 4KVVGT XQP 5EJWNV\ 1 5EJWNV\G . 5EJYCDG , 5EJYCNDCEJ % 5GEMGT 5GFIYKEM $GTGPF 9 $ 5GKH ( 5GNVOCPP ' , 5G[HHGT 5KEM % 5KIPQTGNNK 5KOQP / 5QGEMGN -CJNGTV # 5RGKGT . 5RGPEGGT %JWTEJKNN ' ) 5RÌVVN 5V 2GVGTUDWTI 'TGOKVCIG 5VGEMK * 5VGIGT * 5VKHV 5V (NQTKCP 5VÌNVKPI 5VTQGJNKP 2 % 5VTQVJGT # FGN 5VTQ\\K 5VTWRR . 5VWT\GPGIIGT 5VWV\ 5WEJKGT 4 5WEJUNCPF ' 5WJO ) , 5XGPUUQP 5[FGPJCO
T
6JQOUGP % , 6KEJ[ 6QNUVQK , , 6TCW ( 6TCWZ FG 6TCXGTUQ 8
U
7JTOCEJGT , 7NGZ ) ( 7ODGTVQ 7PIGT 6
V
8CWVKGT 8GKVJ 8GTYQTP 8KGNJCDGT 8KGTQTFV 8KT\K 8NGWVGP ( XCP 8QIGN * 8QIGNUCPI - 8QIGNUVGKP XQP
W
9CMNG[ 6 9CNEJGT 9CNFGEM 9CNVGT - 9CNVGT 4 9CNVGTU ( # 9CTF , 9CTTGP ' 2 9CUUGTUEJNGDGP ' XQP 9GDGT ' ( 9GDGT * 9GKPI·TVPGT , 9GKUU , 9GN\N XQP 9GNNGPJGKO . 9GUGPGT ( , 9GYGNGT 9JGCVQP %QNNGIG 9JKVEQODG )TGGPG 6 9KNFGPUVGKP 4 XQP 9KNOGTUFÌTHHGT / XQP 9KPFKUEJ )T·V\ ' 2TKP\ \W 9KPUGOCPP (CNIJGTC 9QNHH & 9QQFYCTF 9 * 9WNHKPI , / 9WPFGTN[ XQP /WTCNV *
Z
<CPMN 1 <GKUDGTI <GPQ <QNNGT ' <UEJKGUEJG -ÌFGT
139
STICHWORTINDEX A
#DFGTC #GIKPC #GQNKU #MCPVJQU #NGZCPFTKPGT #NNIGOGKPG 0WOKUOCVKM #NRGP #ORJKRQNKU #PJCNV #PVKMG #NNIGOGKP #RJTQFKUKCU #SWKNGKC #TEJKVGMVWT #TGPDGTI #TMCFKC #TNGU #TOGPKGP #VVKEC #VVKMC #WIUDWTI #WMVKQPUMCVCNQIG #WUDGWVG #WUVTCNKGP #[[WDKFGP
B
$CFGP $CMVTKGP $CNMCP )TKGEJGPNCPF /CNVC $CNVKMWO $CODGTI $CTD[ $CUGN $C[GTP $GNCIGTWPI $GNIKGP $GNIKGP 0KGFGTNCPFG .WZGODWTI $QDNKQRJKNG 9GTMG ,CP $ÌJOGP $QGQVKGP $QURQTQU $TCPFGDWTI $TCPFGPDWTI (TCPMGP $TCPFGPDWTI 2TGWUUGP $TCWPUEJYGKI .ÒPGDWTI $TGKUICW $TGOGP $[\CPVKQP $[\CP\ $[\CP\ 8ÌNGTYCPFGTWPI (TÒJOKVVGNCNVGT
140
C
%CODTCK %JKPC %JKQU %KIKQ %QDWTI %QGUHGNF %QTXG[
D
&·PGOCTM &CMKGP &CNOCVKGP &CP\KI &GMCRQNKU &GWNVWO &GWVUEJGT 1TFGP &GWVUEJNCPF &KGRJQN\ &KQP &QPCWYÌTVJ
E
'FGT 'IIGPDGTI 'KEJUV·VV 'KPDGEM 'NUCUU 'N[O·GT 'ORQTKQP 'PUKUJGKO 'RGKTWU 'RJGUWU 'RKTWU 'T\IGDKTIG 'UUNKPIGP 'WDQGC
F
(CVKOKFGP (F #DGPJGKO (F #DWMKT (F #ITKPKQP (F #U[WV (F #WTKQN (F $C[GTP (F $QMGN (F $TCWYGKNGT (F %CT[UVWU (F %GPVWT (F %JCNHQPV (F %QTEGNNGU RT½U 2C[GTPG (F &KUKDQFGPDGTIGT (F &QTVOWPF (F &WTC (F 'NNOGPFKPIGP (F )CNLÑD (F )QVJC (F )TÒPUVCFV (F *GTUDTWEM (F +CUK (F +UVTWU
(F -ÌNP (F .KEJVGPDGTI (F .WFYKU\E\G (F /GPFG -CNCPFTC (F /KPVWTQ (F 0QTFJCWUGP (F 3WPFW\ (F 4CPFC\\Q (F 5KUCM (F 5VTCWDKPI (F 6C[CE (F 6KVGNDGTI (F 9QTOU (GUVUEJTKHVGP (NCPFGTP (NQTGP\ (TCPMHWTV (TCPMTGKEJ (TCPMTGKEJ /QPCEQ (TGKOCWTGT (TGKUKPI (TKDQWTI (ÒTUVGPDGTI (WIIGT (WNFC
G
)CNCVKC )GNC )GOOGP )GPGCNQIKG )GUEJKEJVG #NNIGOGKP )GOOGP WPF -COGGP )GYKEJVG )TKGEJGP )TQDTKVCPPKGP )TQDTKVCPPKGP +TNCPF
H
*CDUDWTI *CDUDWTIKUEJG 'TNCPFG 7PICTP $ÌJOGP *CNDGTUVCFV *CODWTI *COGNP *CPCW *CPPQXGT *CWUIGPQUUGP *GTCNFKM *GUUGP *KNFGUJGKO *KOGTC *ÌEJUV *QJGPNQJG *QJGP\QNNGTP *QJPUVGKP *QNUVGKP *Q[C *WUUKVGP
I
+NN[TKGP +PFKGP +PFQ 5E[VJGP +QPKGP +TCP +UP[ +VCNKGP
J
,GXGT ,ÒNKEJ
K
-CD[NG -COCTKPC -COGGP -CORCPKGP -CRRCFQMKGP -CTKGP -CTQNKPIGT -CTVJCIQ -CWHDGWTGP -CWNQPKC -GC -GNVGP -GORVGP -KNKMKGP -KTEJGPUVCCV -NGKPCUKGP -NGXG -PKFQU -ÌNP -QNQRJQP -QOOCIGPG -QPUVCP\ -QPVQTPKCVGP -QTGC -QTKPVJ -TQVQP -WRTNNK -WUJCP -[\KMQU
L
.CJP .CMGFCKOQPKGP .CORUCMQU .CPFCW .CPIQDCTFGP .CWGPDWTI .GKPKPIGP .GUDQU .KGEJVGPUVGKP .K½IG .KODWTI .KPFCW .QVJTKPIGP .QVJTKPIGT .WECPKC .ÒDGEM .ÒEJQY
141
.WMCPKC .WZGODWTI .W\GTP .[MCQPKGP .[MKGP .[QP
M
/CIFGDWTI /CIPGUKC /CKP\ /CMGFQPKGP /CNVC /COGTVKOG /CPUHGNF /CPVWC /CTQPGKC /GEMNGPDWTI /GFCKNNGP /GFCKNNGP 2NCMGVVGP /GFCKNNGWTG $ÌTUEJ # /GFCKNNGWTG %GNNKPK $ /GFCKNNGWTG &CFNGT 5 /GFCKNNGWTG &ÒTGT # /GFCKNNGWTG )QGV\ - /GFCKNNGWTG .GQPK . /GFCKNNGWTG .GQPK 2 /GFCKNNGWTG 5EJGIC ( # /GFCKNNGWTG 5VCORHGT , /GFGDCEJ /GFKEKPC KP 0WOOKU /GICTKU /GKGP /GTQYKPIGT /GUCODTKC /GUUCODTKC /GVCRQPV /GZKMQ /KPFGP /KVVGNCNVGT /QGTU /QGUKGP /QPVRGNNKGT /ÒJNKPIGP /ÒPEJGP /ÒPUVGT /[NCUC /[VKNGPG
N
0CUUCW 0CZQU 0GRCN 0GWGPDWTI 0GWUU 0GW\GKV #NNIGOGKP 142
0KGFGTNCPFG 0KGFGTUCEJUGP 0KMQRQNKU 0QTFJCWUGP 0QTVJGKO 0QVOÒP\GP 0ÒTPDGTI 0[ORJCKQP
O
¤VVKPIGP 1NDKC 1NFGPDWTI 1TFGP 1TFGP WPF 'JTGP\GKEJGP 1TKGPV +UNCO ªDGTUGG 1UOCPGP 1UPCDTÒEM 1UVIQVGP 1UVTQIQVGP
P
2CN·UVKPC 2CNO[TC 2CPVKMCR·WO 2CRKGTIGNF 2CTVJGT 2CWVCNKC 2GNGRQPPGU 2GTIG 2GTUKGP 2HCN\ 2JCPCIQTKC 2JÌPK\KGP 2JQMCKC 2JT[IKGP 2KUKFKGP 2QNGP 2QNGP 4WUUNCPF $CNVKMWO 2QOOGTP 2QTVWICN 2QTVWICN 5RCPKGP 2TGWUUGP 2TKOKVKXIGNF 2VQNGO·GT
Q
3WGFNKPDWTI
R
4CUWNKFGP 4CXGPUDGTI 4GEJGPRHGPPKI 4GHQTOCVKQP 4GIGPUDWTI 4GKEJUOÒP\GP 4GPCKUUCPEG
4GWUU 4JGIKQP 4JGKPNCPF 4ÌOGT 4QUVQEM 4WUUNCPF
S
5CEJUGP 5CNO 5CN\DWTI 5COCTKPC 5COQU 5CTFKU 5CUUCPKFGP 5CXQKC 5C[P 5EJCHHJCWUGP 5EJNGUKGP 5EJQVVNCPF 5EJÒV\GP 5EJY·DKUEJ *CNN 5EJYCT\DWTI 5EJYCT\GPDGTI 5EJYGFGP 5EJYGK\ 5EJYGK\ .KGEJVGPUVGKP 5EJY[\ 5GDCUVQRQN 5GNFUEJWMGP 5GNGWMKFGP 5GNKPWPV 5GTFKEC 5KCO 5KFG 5KGDGPDÒTIGP 5KGI 5KIKNNQITCRJKG 5KPFGT 5K\KNKGP 5MCPFKPCXKGP 5QNOU 5RCPKGP 5RG[GT 5V )CNNGP 5VCFG 5VGVVKP 5VQDK 5VQNDGTI 5VTCNUWPF 5[TCMWU 5[TKGP
T
6CTGPV 6GTKPC 6GUUKP 6JCUQU 6JGQFQUKC 6JGUUCNKGP 6JTCMKGP 6JÒTKPIGP 6QUMCPC 6TCRG\WPV 6TKGT 6TKGUV 6TQCU
U
7NO 75#
V
8GNKC 8GPGFKI
W
9CCIGP 9CNFGEM 9CNNGPUVGKP 9CNNHCJTV 9CPFCNGP 9GPFKUEJG /ÒP\XGTGKP 9GTVJGKO 9GUVHCNGP 9GUVIQVGP 9KGF 9KUKIQVJGP 9KUOCT 9ÒTVVGODGTI 9ÒT\DWTI
Z
<GKVUEJTKHVGP WPF 4GKJGP <ÒTKEJ <WI <[RGTP
143
ABKÜRZUNGEN #DD #%0#% #+02 #,0 #/7)5 #06+37+6#5 $#4 DGCTD DGIT $NN $0, '. (/4& JTUI *TUI /$0) //#) /+4 0% 00 00/ 0TP 05 05V 0< Q , Q 1 ¤#&9 1TKI 2JKN JKUV -N 4$0 40 405 5 5%$+ 5& 5. 5NI 504 5R 6H 6HP 8QN <H0
144
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BUCHGRĂ&#x2013;SSEN GroĂ&#x;folio Folio 4° (Quart) Gr. 8° (GroĂ&#x;oktav) 8° (Oktav) Kl. 8° (Kleinoktav) 16° (Sedez)
(Buchrßckenlänge) >45 cm 35-45 cm 25-35 cm 22,5-25 cm 18,5-22,5 cm 15-18,5 cm 10-15 cm
REFERENZWERKE A169 Dekesel Dekesel Leitzmann Lipsius
MMAG
146
KĂźnker, F.R., OsnabrĂźck, Auktion 169 vom 21.6.2010. Numismatische Bibliotheken Hanfried Bendig, Bremen und Bernard Poindesault, Paris Dekesel, C.E.: Bibliotheca Nummaria. Bibliography of 16th Century Numismatic Books. London 1997. Dekesel, C.E.: Bibliotheca Nummaria. Bibliography of 17th Century Numismatic Books. 3 Bände London 2003. Vgl. Lipsius. Lipsius J.G.: A Bibliography of Numismatic Books printed before 1800 with Supplement to 1866 by J. Leitzmann. Colchester 1977, unveränderter Nachdruck der Originalausgabe Leipzig 1801 und WeiĂ&#x;ensee 1867 KĂźnker, F.R., OsnabrĂźck, Auktion 102 vom 23.6.2005. Die Numismatische Bibliothek der MĂźnzen und Medaillen AG Basel.
Bernd Kluge Die Münzen König Friedrichs II. von Preußen (1740 –1786) Auf Grundlage der Werke Friedrich Freiherr von Schrötters neu bearbeitet. Unter Mitarbeit von Elke Bannicke und Renate Vogel
Berliner Numismatische Forschungen. Neue Folge Band 10 Gebr. Mann Verlag · Berlin 2012 Gebunden, 21 × 29,7 cm, 416 Seiten, € 49,00 ISBN 978-3-7861-2667-6
Das Buch verbindet den Bestandskatalog des Berliner Münzkabinetts (3.597 Münzen) mit einer Gesamtkatalogisierung der Münzen Friedrichs des Großen und einer Darstellung der Münzgeschichte. Im Katalog sind alle Typen, Varianten und Jahrgänge beschrieben und über 1.500 Münzen abgebildet. Münzkommentare bieten Hintergründe und Prägezahlen zu den einzelnen Emissionen, in Tabellen sind Münzsorten, Münzfüße und Prägemengen zusammengefasst. Die münzgeschichtliche Darstellung zeichnet auf der Grundlage der Werke des verdienten Erforschers der preußischen Münzgeschichte Friedrich Freiherr von Schrötter (1862–1944) die wesentlichen Entwicklungen nach und bietet eine Neubewertung der Münzpolitik Friedrichs des Großen. Ein Dokumentenanhang fasst die dafür wichtigsten archivalischen Quellen zusammen. Als Separatum liegt dem Buch eine aktuelle Bewertungsliste der Münzen Friedrichs des Großen auf der Grundlage der Preisentwicklung der letzten fünfzig Jahre bei. Bestellungen an Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG, Gutenbergstrasse 23, D-49076 Osnabrück Tel 0541 / 96 20 20 service@kuenker.de
Fax 0541 / 96 20 222
Versteigerungsbedingungen der eLive Auction § 1 Geltungsbereich Unsere nachfolgenden Allgemeinen Geschäftsbedingungen für die eLive Auctions gelten für sämtliche Rechtsgeschäfte zwischen der Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG (Auktionator) und dem Kunden im Rahmen der Teilnahme an den eLive Auctions. Evtl. von unseren Geschäftsbedingungen abweichenden Einkaufsbedingungen des Bestellers wird hiermit ausdrücklich widersprochen; dieser Widerspruch gilt auch für den Fall, dass der Besteller für den Widerspruch eine besondere Form vorgeschrieben hat. Ist ein Widerspruch ausgeschlossen, so treten anstelle widersprechender Bedingungen die gesetzlichen Bestimmungen. Eine Anerkennung abweichender Einkaufsbedingungen tritt nur dann ein, wenn ihre Anwendung von uns schriftlich bestätigt worden ist. § 2 Vertragsschluss Bei den eLive Auctions (Versteigerung) handelt es sich um öffentliche Versteigerungen der Auktionatoren Fritz Rudolf Künker, Oliver Köpp, Arne Kirsch und Dr. Andreas Kaiser der Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG i. S. d. § 156 BGB. Die Versteigerung erfolgt im Auftrag und für Rechnung der Eigentümer unter Einhaltung der sich aus der Versteigerungsordnung (BGBl I 1976, 1346) ergebenden und für Kommissionäre geltenden gesetzlichen Bestimmungen des BGB und HGB gegen Zahlung des Kaufpreises in Euro-Währung. Durch Abgabe eines Gebotes werden die Versteigerungsbedingungen anerkannt, dies gilt auch für die schriftlichen Gebote. Jedes Gebot des Kunden im Rahmen der eLive Auctions stellt ein verbindliches Angebot zum Abschluss eines Kaufvertrages dar. Dieses ist solange wirksam bis ein höheres Gebot (Übergebot) abgegeben oder die eLive Auction ohne Erteilung eines Zuschlages geschlossen wird. Ein Vertrag kommt erst durch Zuschlag des Auktionators zustande. Der Zuschlag erfolgt nach dreimaliger Hervorhebung des höchsten Gebotes und verpflichtet zur Abnahme und Zahlung. Der Versteigerer ist berechtigt, Nummern zu vereinigen oder zu trennen. Eine Vorausnahme von Nummern erfolgt nicht. Die Teilnahme an der Versteigerung ist nur Kunden gestattet, die sich zuvor bei den eLive Auctions registriert haben. Sowohl mit der Registrierung für unsere eLive Auctions als auch mit Abgabe des Gebotes akzeptieren Sie unsere Allgemeinen Bedingungen für die eLive Auctions. § 3 Gebotsschritte Die Mindeststeigerungsstufen für das Bietungsverfahren betragen: Höhe der Gebote bis zu € 50,– bis zu € 200,– bis zu € 500,– bis zu € 1.000,– bis zu € 2.000,– bis zu € 5.000,– bis zu € 10.000,– bis zu € 20.000,– bis zu € 50.000,– ab € 50.000,–
Mindeststeigerungsstufe € 2,– € 5,– € 10,– € 25,– € 50,– € 100,– € 250,– € 500,– € 1.000,– € 2.500,–
Bei mehreren gleichhohen Geboten erhält das zuerst eingegangene den Zuschlag. § 4 Katalog, Besichtigung Die Beschreibung im Katalog ist gewissenhaft durchgeführt. Sie begründet jedoch keine Rechts- oder Sachmängelhaftung gemäß §§ 434, 459 ff BGB. Die Angabe der Erhaltung ist streng nach den im deutschen Münzhandel
üblichen Erhaltungseinstufungen vorgenommen und gilt als persönliche Beurteilung. Der Auktionskatalog kann als PDF-Datei heruntergeladen werden. Gegen Kostenerstattung i. H. v. 10,– € versenden wir auch einen Ausdruck des Kataloges. § 5 Versandkosten Nach Zuschlagserteilung und Erteilung der Rechnung ist die Zahlung innerhalb von 14 Tagen auf eines unserer nachstehenden Konten zu leisten. Wir tragen einen Großteil der Kosten für die sorgfältige Verpackung und die zuverlässige Zustellung der Ware. Die Versandkosten werden Ihnen gem. nachfolgender Aufstellung in Rechnung gestellt: Versand innerhalb der BRD: € 5,90 pro Paket, ab € 1.000,– Bestellwert versandkostenfrei Versand innerhalb der EU (inkl. Schweiz und Norwegen): € 9,90 pro Paket, ab € 2.500,– Bestellwert versandkostenfrei Versand nach Übersee: € 14,90 pro Paket, ab € 5.000,– Bestellwert versandkostenfrei § 6 Zahlung Alle Gebote und Zuschläge verstehen sich in Euro exklusive der geltenden Mehrwertsteuer und dem Aufgeld. Neben dem Zuschlagsbetrag hat der Kunde ein Aufgeld in Höhe von 10 % des Zuschlaggebotes an den Auktionator zu zahlen. Ferner hat der Kunde die derzeit gültige Mehrwertsteuer auf das Zuschlagsgebot und auf das Aufgeld zu zahlen. Etwaig weitere anfallende Steuern sowie Einfuhr- und Ausfuhrsteuern sind von dem Kunden zu zahlen. Ggf. hat sich der Kunde hierüber zuvor selbst zu informieren oder mit uns Kontakt aufzunehmen. Ausländischen Münzhändlern aus Ländern der europäischen Gemeinschaft wird bei Nachweis der Umsatzsteuer-Identifi kationsnummer (§ 27a UStG) und der sonstigen Voraussetzungen gemäß § 4 Nr. 1b UStG in Verbindung mit § 6a UStG die Lieferung ohne Umsatzsteuer berechnet. Anderen ausländischen Käufern (aus Drittländern) wird, sofern die Münzen durch uns exportiert werden, ein Aufgeld von 10 % netto auf den Zuschlagpreis berechnet; sie erhalten die Lieferung nur gegen Zahlung des Kaufpreises in Euro-Währung, bankspesenfrei. Nach Zuschlagerteilung und Zustandekommens des Vertrages ist die Zahlung innerhalb von 14 Tagen auf eines unserer nachstehenden Konten zu leisten. Wir akzeptieren Kreditkartenzahlungen mit VISA und MasterCard und informieren Sie gerne über die entsprechenden Servicegebühren. Hinsichtlich der Zahlung mit diesen Kreditkarten möchten wir Sie bitten, zuvor Kontakt mit uns aufzunehmen. § 7 Lieferung, Lieferfrist Die Lieferung bei den eLive Auctions erfolgt nur gegen Vorauskasse. Ihnen wird nach Erteilung des Zuschlages eine Rechnung übersandt, die Sie innerhalb von 14 Tagen an uns zu zahlen haben. Nach Zahlungseingang werden wir die Ware innerhalb von 14 Tagen an Sie übersenden. Ist der Kunde Unternehmer, so geht die Gefahr des zufälligen Untergangs sowie der zufälligen Verschlechterung der Ware mit der Übergabe, beim Versendungskauf mit der Auslieferung der Sache an den Spediteur, den Frachtführer oder die sonst zur Ausführung der Versendung bestimmte Person oder Anstalt auf den Kunden über. Ist der Käufer Verbraucher, so geht die Gefahr des zufälligen Untergangs und der zufälligen Verschlechterung der verkauften Sache beim Versendungskauf erst mit der Übergabe der Sache auf den Käufer über. Der Übergabe steht es gleich, wenn der Verbraucher in Verzug mit der Annahme der verkauften Sache ist. Die von uns zu tragende Versandgefahr ist durch den Abschluss ausreichender Versicherungen abgedeckt.
TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE
§ 8 Mängelhaftung Da durch Vorbesichtigung Gelegenheit gegeben ist, sich vom Erhaltungszustand des Versteigerungsgutes zu überzeugen, können nach erfolgtem Zuschlag Reklamationen nur bei irrtümlich übersehener Henkel- oder Fassungsspur oder gestopftem Loch berücksichtigt werden. Bei Losen mit mehreren Stücken sind die Stückzahlen nur Circa-Angaben, irrtümliche Zuschreibungen sind im Einzelfall nicht ausgeschlossen. Diese Lose sind nach erfolgtem Zuschlag von jeder Reklamation ausgeschlossen. Der Versteigerer kann bei eventuellen Meinungsverschiedenheiten bzw. Beanstandungen einen vereidigten Sachverständigen seiner Wahl (die Kosten trägt der unterliegende Teil) beauftragen. Eventuelle Beanstandungen können nur innerhalb von 8 Tagen nach der Auktion bzw. nach Erhalt der ersteigerten Stücke berücksichtigt werden. Die Echtheit der Stücke wird bis zur Höhe des Kaufpreises garantiert. Die beigedruckten Preise sind Schätzpreise, die unter- oder überschritten werden können. Sollten gelieferte Artikel offensichtliche Mängel aufweisen, wozu auch Transportschäden zählen, so ist der Kunde verpflichtet, solche Mängel unverzüglich zu reklamieren. Das Versäumnis dieser Rüge hat allerdings für die gesetzlichen Ansprüche von Verbrauchern keine Konsequenzen. Der Kundendienst ist schriftlich sowie telefonisch und per E-Mail zu den üblichen Geschäftszeiten zu erreichen. § 9 Datenschutz Alle personenbezogenen Daten werden grundsätzlich vertraulich behandelt und nicht an Dritte weitergegeben. § 10 Haftungsbeschränkung In allen Fällen, in denen aufgrund vertraglicher oder gesetzlicher Anspruchsgrundlagen der Auktionator und/oder der Einlieferer zum Scha-
dens- oder Aufwendungsersatz verpflichtet ist, haften diese nur, soweit ihnen Vorsatz, grobe Fahrlässigkeit oder eine Verletzung von Leben, Körper oder Gesundheit zur Last fällt. Unberührt bleibt die verschuldensunabhängige Haftung nach dem Produkthaftungsgesetz. Unberührt bleibt auch die Haftung für die schuldhafte Verletzung wesentlicher Vertragspflichten; die Haftung ist insoweit jedoch außer in den Fällen der Sätze 1 und 2 auf den vorhersehbaren, vertragstypischen Schaden beschränkt. Eine Änderung der Beweislast zum Nachteil des Kunden ist mit den vorstehenden Regelungen nicht verbunden. § 11 Anzuwendendes Recht, Gerichtsstand Erfüllungsort ist Osnabrück. Es gilt Deutsches Recht unter Ausschluss des UN-Kaufrechtes. Ist der Kunde Kaufmann, juristische Person des öffentlichen Rechts oder öffentlichen-rechtlichen Sondervermögens, ist ausschließlicher Gerichtsstand für alle Streitigkeiten aus diesem Vertrag der Geschäftssitz der Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG, Osnabrück. Dasselbe gilt, wenn der Kunde keinen allgemeinen Gerichtsstand in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland hat oder der Wohnsitz oder gewöhnliche Aufenthalt im Zeitpunkt der Klageerhebung nicht bekannt ist. Sollten einzelne Bestimmungen des Vertrages mit dem Kunden einschließlich dieser AGB ganz oder teilweise unwirksam sein oder werden, so wird hierdurch die Wirksamkeit der übrigen Bestimmungen nicht berührt. Die ganz oder teilweise unwirksame Regelung soll durch eine Regelung ersetzt werden, deren wirtschaftlicher Erfolg dem der unwirksamen Regelung möglichst nahe kommt. Im Falle einer Regelungslücke werden die Parteien eine Regelung treffen, die dem nach dem gesamten Vertragsinhalt erkennbaren Parteiwillen zur Durchsetzung verhilft.
Terms and Conditions of eLive Auction § 1 Scope Our below eLive Auctions General Terms and Conditions apply to all legal transactions between Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG (auctioneer) and the customer in the course of participation in the eLive Auction. We expressly do not recognize any purchasing conditions that deviate from our General Terms and Conditions; this non-recognition also applies to cases where the buyer has stipulated a particular formality for non-recognition. If non-recognition is excluded, legal regulations shall take the place of deviating conditions. Deviating purchasing conditions shall only be recognized if we confirm in writing that they are to be applied.
An auction sale occurs when the highest bid has been called out three times and obliges the bidder to take over and pay for the merchandise. The auctioneer is entitled to combine or separate lot numbers. Lot numbers will not be called up out of sequence. Participation in the auction is only permitted to customers who have previously registered at eLive Auctions. Both registration for our eLive Auction and submission of a bid constitute acceptance of our General Terms and Conditions for the eLive Auction.
§ 2 Conclusion of Contract eLive Auction (auction) involves public auctions staged by auctioneers Fritz Rudolf Künker, Oliver Köpp, Arne Kirsch and Dr. Andreas Kaiser of Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG as defined in § 156 German Civil Code (BGB). The auction is conducted on the basis of payment of the purchase price in Euro currency and is staged on behalf of and on the account of the proprietors, in compliance with prevailing legal provisions arising from the German Auction Act (Federal Law Gazette (BGBl) Vol. I, 1976, 1346) and legal provisions of the German Civil Code (BGB) and Commercial Code (HGB) applicable to commercial agents. By submitting a bid, you agree to the auction terms and conditions; this also applies to written bids. Each bid by the customer as part of the eLive Auctions constitutes a legallybinding offer to conclude a purchasing contract. This is in force until a higher bid (overbid) is submitted or the eLive Auction is concluded with the item left unsold. A contract is concluded only when the auctioneer accepts the winning bid.
Amount of the bids
Minimum increment
up to
€ 50.–
€ 2.–
up to
€ 200.–
€ 5.–
up to
€ 500.–
€ 10.–
up to
€ 1,000.–
€ 25.–
up to
€ 2,000.–
€ 50.–
up to
€ 5,000.–
€ 100.–
up to
€ 10,000.–
€ 250.–
up to
€ 20,000.–
€ 500.–
up to
€ 50,000.–
€ 1,000.–
from
€ 50,000.–
€ 2,500.–
§ 3 Bid Increments The minimum bid increments for the bidding procedure are:
When several identical bids are received, the bid received first is the winning bid.
TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE
§ 4 Catalogue, Preview The description of items in the catalogue is diligently prepared. However, it does not meet the threshold of legal liability or liability for material defects pursuant to §§ 434, 459 pp. of the German Civil Code (BGB). The stated condition of preservation is determined strictly according to the categories of preservation customary in German coin trading and is considered a personal evaluation. The auction catalogue can be downloaded as a pdf file. For a fee of € 10.– to defray expenses, we will gladly send out a print-out of the catalogue. § 5 Cost of Shipping Upon acceptance of the winning bid and issuance of an invoice, payment is to be made to one of our below bank accounts within 14 days. We assume a majority of the costs involved in carefully packing and reliably dispatching the merchandise. We charge you for shipping costs according to the following schedule: Shipping within Germany: € 5.90 per parcel, free shipping for order value above € 1,000.– Shipping within the EU (incl. Switzerland and Norway): € 9.90 per parcel, free shipping for order value above € 2,500.– Overseas shipping: € 14.90 per parcel, free shipping for order value above € 5,000.– § 6 Payment All bids and hammer prices are in Euros, subject to prevailing value-added tax and buyer’s premium. On top of the hammer price, the customer is to pay the auctioneer a buyer’s premium in the amount of 10 % of the hammer price. In addition, the customer is to pay the prevailing rate of value-added tax on the amount of the hammer price and on the buyer’s premium. Any other taxes, along with import and export taxes, are to be paid by the customer. Wherever applicable, the customer is to inquire about this beforehand or contact us. For buyers from countries within the European Union who are able to produce proof of a VAT identification number (§ 27a Value-Added Tax Act (UStG)) and other prerequisites according to § 4 1b Value-Added Tax Act (UStG) in connection with § 6 a of the UStG, goods will be shipped without VAT being charged. Other foreign buyers (from non-EU countries), assuming we are the exporter of the coins, are subject to a 10 % buyer’s premium charged on top of the hammer price; they only receive shipments after paying the purchase price in Euro currency, where bank charges are paid by the customer. Upon acceptance of the winning bid and the formation of the contract, payment is to be made to one of our below bank accounts within 14 days. We accept payment with credit cards such as VISA and MasterCard and will gladly inform you of any service fees involved. With regard to payment with these credit cards, we kindly ask that you contact us beforehand. § 7 Terms of Delivery and Delivery Period For eLive Auctions delivery is only made upon payment in advance. After your bid has been accepted, we will send you an invoice to be paid within 14 days. Upon receipt of payment, we will ship the merchandise to you within 14 days. If the customer is a business entity, the risk of incidental demise as well as incidental deterioration of the merchandise is transferred at the time the merchandise is handed over, in the case of shipped items, when the merchandise is handed over to the shipping agent, carrier or person or institution charged with expediting the shipment. If the buyer is a consumer, for a mail-order purchase the risk of incidental demise or deterioration of the purchased item is only transferred when the merchandise is handed over to the buyer. The merchandise shall be consid-
ered handed over if the consumer is in default of accepting the purchased merchandise. The transport risk we assume is covered by sufficient insurance policies. § 8 Liability for Defects Because the preview provides an opportunity to be assured of the auction merchandise’s condition of preservation, once merchandise has been sold at the auction, claims can only be considered in cases where traces of hooks and mountings or a plugged hole were overlooked in error. In lots with several pieces, the number of pieces stated only represent approximations, and erroneous attributions cannot be ruled out in individual cases. After the sale has been made, these lots are excluded from any claim. In case of possible differences of opinion or complaints, the auctioneer may appoint an expert of his choice (the costs shall be borne by the party losing the dispute). Any disputes can only be considered within 8 days after the auction or after receipt of the auctioned items. The authenticity of the pieces is guaranteed up to the amount of the purchase price. The stated prices are estimated prices which may turn out to be lower or higher. Should the articles delivered prove to have obvious defects, whereby this also includes shipping damage, the customer is obliged to file a claim for such defects without delay. If you are a consumer, the failure to give notice of defect, however, shall not have any consequences on your legal rights. You can reach our Customer Service Department by mail, telephone, and e-mail during normal business hours. § 9 Data Protection All personal data will be kept strictly confidential and will not be made available to third parties. § 10 Liability Disclaimer In all cases where the auctioneer and/or the consignor are obliged on the basis of contractual or legal grounds to pay for damages or reimbursements, these parties are only liable to the extent that they have been proven to have acted willfully and with gross negligence or to have caused injury to life, limb, or health. This shall not affect liability regardless of negligence or fault according to the Product Liability Act. Nor shall it affect liability for gross breach of contract; to this degree, liability is limited to damages that are foreseeable and typical for this type of contract, except for the cases referred to in the first two sentences. The aforementioned provisions are not coupled with a change in the burden of proof to the disadvantage of the customer. § 11 Applicable Law, Venue The place of fulfillment is Osnabrück. German law shall apply at the exclusion of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods. If the customer is an entrepreneur, a legal entity under public law or a special fund under public law, the exclusive venue for all disputes arising from this contract shall be the place of business of Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG, Osnabrück. The same applies if the customer has no general legal venue in the Federal Republic of Germany or his domicile or normal place of abode is not known at the time a lawsuit is filed. Should any of the provisions of this contract with the customer, including these General Terms and Conditions, be determined unlawful in part or whole, this shall not invalidate the remaining provisions. The provision found to be unlawful in part or whole shall be replaced with a provision that most closely achieves the economic purpose of the unlawful provision. In case there is an unforeseen eventuality, the parties shall agree upon provisions that, on the basis of the entire body of the contract, shall help execute the contract according to the apparent will of both parties.
TEL +49 (0)541 96 20 20, FAX +49 (0)541 96 20 222, SERVICE@KUENKER.DE, WWW.KUENKER.DE
Impressum Numismatische Bearbeitung
Conrad-Agilolf Blaschke, Marie-Luise Kalker, Michael Lang
Fotos
Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG
Layout
danner pc gesteuerte systeme, Waiblingen
Druck
Meister Print & Media GmbH, Kassel Jeglicher Nachdruck, auch auszugsweise, bedarf der Genehmigung des Auktionshauses
Zahlungen aus dem Inland Kontoinhaber
Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG USt.-Id.-Nr. DE 256 270 181
Deutsche Bank Osnabrück
BLZ 265 700 90, Konto-Nummer 0 177 006
Commerzbank Osnabrück
BLZ 265 800 70, Konto-Nummer 780 520 200
Sparkasse Osnabrück
BLZ 265 501 05, Konto-Nummer 247 320
Volksbank eG Bad Laer-Borgloh-Hilter-Melle
BLZ 265 624 90, Konto-Nummer 1 200 222 400
Bankhaus Lampe KG, Bielefeld
BLZ 480 201 51, Konto-Nummer 174 076
Postbank Hannover
BLZ 250 100 30, Konto-Nummer 290 060 308
HypoVereinsbank München
BLZ 700 202 70, Konto-Nummer 2 417 952
WestLB Dortmund
BLZ 440 500 00, Konto-Nummer 1 128 842
PayPal
paypal@kuenker.de, Servicegebühr: 3,5 %
Zahlungen aus dem Ausland/Foreign Payments Account
Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG USt.-Id.-Nr. DE 256 270 181
Deutsche Bank Osnabrück
IBAN: DE11 2657 0090 0017 7006 00 Swift-Code: DEUTDE3B265
Sparkasse Osnabrück
IBAN: DE50 2655 0105 0000 2473 20 Swift-Code: NOLADE22XXX
Postbank Hannover
IBAN: DE73 2501 0030 0290 0603 08 Swift-Code: PBNKDEFF
Credit Suisse Commerzbank Hong Kong Credit Cards PayPal
IBAN: CH43 0483 5177 3509 0200 0 Swift-Code: CRESCHZZ80A IBAN: 146102290400 HKD Swift-Code: COBAHKHXXXX We do accept VISA and MasterCard, service charge: 4,5 % paypal@kuenker.de, service charge: 3,5 %
Zahlungen innerhalb Russlands/Payments within Russia Deutsche Bank Moskau ООО «Дойче Банк»
ИНН 7728717332, КПП 772801001 Получатель: ЗАО «Кюнкер» Счет №: 40702810500000000825, БИК: 044525101 Корсчет №: 30101810100000000101