CITIES FOR PEOPLE - REBUS exhibition by REBUS

CITIES FOR PEOPLE THE EXPERIENCE OF REBUS LABORATORIES FOR MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE Today, almost 70 percent of Italy’s population lives in urban areas, in small, medium, and large cities. This percent is growing and with it the expansion of urbanized areas. All urban areas, both big and small, are vulnerable to the effects of climate change, even if the degree of vulnerability can differ greatly between cities and within a city. The climate has become the most decisive factor of change on a global and local scale, and cities are at the center of the challenge that this change entails, for two reasons: • first, they are responsible for 75 percent of gas emissions on a global scale due to human activity (mobility, residency and industrial activity); • and second, climate change has an enormous impact on them, causing problems, such as heat waves, periods of heavy rains that have become more frequent and last longer, drought, and other extreme weather patterns. In the fight against climate change, the goal on a local level is to make cities ‘climate-proof.’ Therefore, we must intervene to reduce heat stress and control the effects of heavy rains, which can sometimes add to situations of critical status in urban areas, like in the cases of the urban heat island phenomenon and inadequate urban drainage systems. This means reducing the factors that negatively affect the quality of life, health, and safety of the people, the indoor comfort of homes and work environments, and productivity. Since 2015, the Emilia-Romagna region has run training sessions and experimental labs on the effects of climate change on cities, with a focus on the public open spaces of cities as the physical contexts where mitigation and adaptation measures can be set. The approach to this topic is necessarily multidisciplinary and requires the expertise of architects, urban planners, landscape designers, agronomists, transporters, hydraulic engineers, and so on. With all these different disciplines and perspectives, we have tackled the topic of urban regeneration starting from public spaces. We did this by testing more careful choices of mineral materials, but even more so testing nature-based solutions for both the mitigation and adaptation of climate change. THE EXHIBITION ‘Climate proof cities’ are also ‘Cities for people’ - to borrow Jan Gehl’s expression - because most measures, surely the more efficient ones for mitigation and adaptation, are measures based on the reintroduction of nature into urban areas, which makes cities more healthy, beautiful, comfortable, livable, vital, and attractive. With this exhibition, we aim to illustrate the problems that climate change can cause in urban environments, suggest possible solutions, pulling from the best practices selected mainly in European experiments, and share the results of the experimental projects done during the training program and design labs of REBUS [REnovation of public Buildings and Urban Spaces]. The first section of the exhibition (in red) is dedicated to the illustration of extreme climate phenomena and their impact on urban areas with a particular emphasis on the consequences for the health and safety of city dwellers. The second and third sections of the exhibition (in green and blue) look at the most efficient solutions for improving the urban microclimate, namely the urban green infrastructure, the planning of outdoor comfort to provide livability and quality in public spaces, and the blue infrastructure for sustainable management of the urban rainwater. The fourth section of the exhibition is dedicated to illustrating urban regeneration projects in six neighborhoods in the cities of Parma, Modena, Rimini, Ferrara, Ravenna, and San Lazzaro di Savena (BO) - each has its own color - that participated in the REBUS design labs during the four editions held between 2015 and 2017, testing the methods and tools of the ‘Regenerate the city with nature’ Guide and evaluating the effectiveness of proposed projects from a climatic and environmental point of view through the use of simulation models.

REBUS

LABORATORIO SULLA RIGENERAZIONE URBANA E LO SPAZIO PUBBLICO PER L’ADATTAMENTO E LA MITIGAZIONE AI CAMBIAMENTI CLIMATICI

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

HEAT WAVES AND HEAVY RAINS EXTREME WEATHER PATTERNS GET MORE FREQUENT AND LAST LONGER A HEAT WAVE occurs when the temperature reaches higher than the 90th percentile of the weather standards of the season for at least six consecutive days. Temperatures above 40°C, high humidity, drought, fires, and blackouts due to energy overload are the effects that have increasingly afflicted our cities in the summer over the past 10 years. In August 2003, in Europe, especially in France and Italy, 35,000 people, particularly elderly, died due to the heat.

HEAVY RAINS - commonly called ‘cloudbursts’ - are ENHANCED PRECIPITATION and are included among the large-scale phenomena caused by global climate change. The effects consist of an impressive variation in the capacity of the rain, through a small number of events, but increasingly intense for each. The impact is particularly dangerous for the impressive amount of water that they can release on urban areas, which are already intrinsically vulnerable, especially those that are intensely paved and sealed.

A CHANGING CLIMATE / RISING TEMPS CONTINUE WITHOUT STOPPING The general discussion of what happened in 2017 confirms the trends that had already been seen in almost all previous years: global warming shows no sign of stopping, especially in the Northern Hemisphere.

It is interesting to note that there is a good correlation between this and the precipitation. From the following map, we can in fact see how the areas with above-average precipitation levels – those in central Europe and, to a lesser extent, in northern Europe and the eastern Mediterranean – are also

Regarding the anomaly of 2017 as a whole in Europe, the map to the left below portrays the situation well. Practically all of Europe experienced a positive anomaly, with a value of more than 1°C in high altitudes, in the southeast region and on the Iberian peninsula, and few areas had anomalies less than 0.5°C.

THERMAL ANOMALY 2017 (NCEP/NCAR DATA, VALUES IN °C REFERRED TO THE 1981-2010 PERIOD)

EXTREME ANNUAL PRECIPITATION ANOMALY 2017 IN EUROPE

°C

(NCEP/NCAR DATA, VALUES IN MM/DAY REFERRED TO THE 1981-2010 PERIOD)

MM RAIN / DAY -5,5

-4

-3

-2

-0,5

0,5

5,5

-1,2

-0,9

-0,6

-0,3

0,3

0,6

0,9

1,2

march 2017

june 2017

august 2017

december 2017

Northern Italy, and in particular the Northwest, showed anomalies higher than +2.5°C, while in Sicily they reached +1 °C. A positive anomaly involved virtually the whole of Europe (climalteranti.it).

The major anomaly was recorded in June, with +2.08°C; as we can see in the image below, it involved practically the entire national territory, with Norther and Central Italy, in addition to France and the Iberian Peninsula, included in the 2°C isotherm, and with values only slightly lower than the South of Italy (climalteranti.it).

In August, Central Italy recorded an anomaly of more than +3°C, while the rest of the territory shows values higher than +2°C; only the islands and the Alps have values lower then +1°C (climalteranti.it).

In December, the whole national territory recorded a negative anomaly of -0.53°C. Also in this case, we can notice that, in addition to the very positive anomalies at high latitudes, the higher values in Eastern Europe rise up to +4°C (climalteranti.it).

thermal anomaly +1°C /+2,5°C

°C -4

-3

-2

-1

thermal anomaly +2°C /+3°C

thermal anomaly +2°C /+2,08°C

NCEP/NCAR DATA, VALUES IN °C REFERRED TO 1981-2010

-5

those with the lowest thermal anomalies. This is due to a lack of sunshine and the conditions of soil humidity. As noted, a single severe thunderstorm can release tens of millimeters of rain in a short period without compensating for previous months of drought (climalteranti.it).

thermal anomaly - 0,53°C

NCEP/NCAR DATA, VALUES IN °C REFERRED TO 1981-2010

°C

°C -5

-4

-3

-2

-1

CLIMATE CHANGE

-3,5

-2,5

-1,5

-0,5

0,5

1,5

2,5

NCEP/NCAR DATA, VALUES IN °C REFERRED TO 1981-2010

3,5

°C

-14

-10

-6

-2

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

INTERACTION BETWEEN URBAN CLIMATE AND CITY URBAN AREAS ABSORB SOLAR RADIATION AND TRAP HEAT AND POLLUTION The term ‘urban heat island’ represents a complex system of energy exchange between the surface of the built environment and the atmosphere. The city is configured as a complex system of interactions on different levels of time and space and behaves like a type of macroorganism that pulses and breathes to the rhythm of the diurnal cycle of absorbed solar radiation. The study of different interactions between the urban climate and the built environment is, therefore, fundamental because the city, in terms of the relationship between buildings and open spaces, permeable and impermeable surfaces, and in terms of the characteristics of the materials it is composed of, influences the formation of a local climate to which the population is subjected,

determining conditions of comfort or discomfort. There is also higher energy consumption associated with urban heat islands due to the air conditioning of buildings, which releases even more heat to the outside, and the formation of photochemical smog, which is the most common form of pollution in urban areas. This pollution forms especially in the summer with the high temperatures and high solar radiation. The thermal properties and morphological characteristics of the built environment, along with the local climate conditions, strongly affect the concentration of atmospheric pollutants, so much so that the consequences on health cause dangerous situations for the most vulnerable populations (children, elderly, and sick people).

URBAN AREAS AND HEAT DAY AND NIGHT Urban areas generally have dark surfaces and little vegetation; therefore, they tend to absorb a lot of solar radiation, transforming it into heat much more than in the peri-urban and rural areas. Thanks to the wind, the generated heat is released into

This phenomenon therefore means that – at equal temperatures – as you move from rural and suburban areas towards city centers a difference in temperature can be upwards of 5°C or 6°C. The only points of discontinuity and cooling in urban heat islands are found in its parks or by encroaching

the air. But in the denser areas and/or those in which the wind is modest or absent – like in the Po River Valley – the heat disperses less and as it accumulates, makes the temperature on surfaces and that of the air rise, causing discomfort and making the city less livable during both the day and the night.

flows of water, where present. Between these and the city center, there can be up to 2 or 3°C difference in temperature, and it is for these reasons that parks and river walks or lakesides are important areas for the wellbeing of the people who reside in cities.

DAY SUPERFACE TEMPERATURE AIR TEMPERATURE

RURAL

LAKE URBAN URBAN RIVER INDUSTRIAL RESIDENTIAL COMMERCIAL

CITY CENTRE

URBAN RESIDENTIAL

URBAN PERI-URBAN RURAL PARK

NIGHT SURFACE TEMPERATURE AIR TEMPERATURE

RURAL

LAKE URBAN RIVER INDUSTRIAL

URBAN RESIDENTIAL

CITY CENTRE

URBAN RESIDENTIAL

URBAN PERI-URBAN RURAL PARK

The SKY VIEW FACTOR è is the part of the sky that’s visible in a certain place and is determined by the urban morphology drawn by the physical borders of the urban space: • vertically, by the surfaces of the buildings that face it; • horizontally, by the ground and sky. From photos taken with a fish-eye lens and from the corresponding sections, we can deduce that the greater the visible sky is, the greater the quantity of solar radiation that can enter the urban space during the day, and the greater the chance of it dispersing into the environment during the night. The resurfaced radiation that remains ‘trapped’ between buildings is the highest cause of increasing average temperatures in cities, establishing a more or less intense heat island effect (V. Dessi).

+2 +3

+3 +6

WIND

+1 +2

+3 +5

DIRECTION

Schemes of the urban heat island phenomenon, with variation of surface and atmospheric temperatures between day and night (©Voogt, 2003)

INDUSTRIAL AREA NEARBY THE COUNTRYSIDE LIGHT INDUSTRIAL/ARTISAN AREA

POLLUTION AND THE CLIMATE The urban environment is the place where the effects of the microclimate and the behavior of pollutants are perfectly paired together. The pollutants emitted from human activity are subject to being moved and deposited and, therefore, are strongly influenced by the anemological movements of the surrounding environment. We can assume that the gases and small particles in particular are moved by the local circulation and affected by the turbulence generated from the interaction between the air and the surface.

BUSINESS PARK AND OFFICE DISTRICT FIERA DISTRICT BOLOGNA

URBAN HEAT ISLAND

CITY CENTRE BOLOGNA

This interaction can be mechanical, caused by the roughness of the surface, which slows the flow of air touching the surface, or thermal, from the exchange of heat, again with the surfaces that the flow touches. Therefore, the microclimate and the behavior of the pollutants also depend on the special organization of the city and on the thermal properties of the built environment (T. Georgiadis). PERI-URBAN RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT ‘PILASTRO’ IN BOLOGNA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

HEALTH RISKS AND THE THERMAL DISCOMFORT FOR PEOPLE DURING HEAT WAVES HEAT WAVES IN CITIES CAN BE DEADLY But in the more vulnerable subgroups of the population, such as the elderly (over 65) and those suffering from chronic illnesses, especially those with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, the consequences are much more severe. If we consider that, in the case of heat waves, the right conditions for the maximization of photochemical pollution are also created in cities, the health impact on weaker subjects is even more relevant. It is evident that to reduce the occurrence of heat waves, we must act on a global scale; however, on the local level, it is possible to work on mitigation and adaptation to reduce a considerable part of the adverse effects on the population.

The heat wave is an exogenous problem to the urban system. However, when this anomalous phenomenon occurs in man-made environments, the effects of the urban heat island, typical of densely built cities, combined with those of the heat wave, can lead to extremely high temperatures that can last for several days. The materials of the built environment hold such high quantities of energy that are released during the night and thus cause the people physiological stress that can last without pause for days on end. This means, in general, a rise in the sleep disorders of the urban population (with a subsequent decrease in productivity).

INDEX OF BIOCLIMATIC WELLBEING The index of bioclimatic wellbeing is defined as a statistical process that correlates micrometeorological parameters with people’s perceived sensation of wellbeing or physiological discomfort. A large variety of bioclimatic indices exists.

The PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) is a numeric value on a scale from -3 (too-cold sensation index) to +3 (too-hot sensation index), where zero represents the thermal state of wellbeing. WHO RISKS THE MOST? Elderly, newborns, children, pregnant women, those suffering from chronic illness

One of the most used is the Temperature-Humidity Index (THI). The physiological comfort is thus a state of equilibrium between the individual and the surrounding environment, between entering and exiting energy. A parameterization in particular found a vast application in the numeric models of these phenomena.

(cardiovascular, diabetes, kidney failure, Parkinson’s disease, etc.), mental illness, individuals (even young people) who do physical exercise or intense labor outdoors, and people in disadvantaged socio-economic and living situations. CLASSES OF COMFORT/DISCOMFORT The human body exchanges heat with the outside environment, and its thermal state is determined by the relationship between the air temperature, the wind speed, the mean radiant temperature, and relative humidity. Two values related to the subject then contribute to this: the activity carried out and the thermal resistance of the clothing.

100% 90% 80%

HUMIDITY

70% 60% 50% 40%

ANOMALOUS HEAT WAVE, BEGINNING OF AUGUST 2017 The heat wave in the 32nd week of 2017 was the worst of the year. The SISMG or the Italian System for Monitoring Mortality, which reports the average number of citizen deaths, registered 35 more deaths than were expected on August 6, 2017, for each city.

30% 20% 10% 20°C 25°C

30°C

TEMPERATURES

35°C

N° DEAD CITIZENS BY AGE GROUP

80 90 100 110 120 130

MORTALITY > 31ST JULY - 6TH AUGUST 2017 220 PEOPLE ON AVERAGE PER CITY

40°C

HEAT WAVE

+85 YEARS

60 50

20 25 30 35 40

75-84 YEARS

65-74 YEARS 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

°C

42° 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22

WEEKS

PICCO ONDATA DI CALORE ESTIVA - 31 LUGLIO/6 AGOSTO 2017 (ARPAE)

AUGUST 1, 2017. Emilia-Romagna was one of the hardest-hit regions, where temperatures between 35°C and 38.2°C were registered in the areas and cities of the Po River Valley. AUGUST 2, 2017. Central Emilia registered maximum temperatures between 38°C and 41°C across all the cities and urban and peri-urban areas that connect Reggio Emilia, Modena, Bologna, Imola, and Faenza. AUGUST 4, 2017. The areas with temperatures between +39°C and +42°C consist of a wide buffer between the cities and provinces of the via Emilia, between Parma and Cesena and onward to Ferrara and the hinterland area of Rimini, to the Ferrara plains towards the Po, and to the valley floors towards the Apennines.

OVER 2000 DEATHS IN A WEEK?

DATA OF THE AVERAGE CITY MORTALITY DURING THE 32° WEEK OF 2017, MULTIPLIED BY THE CITIES OF EMILIA-ROMAGNA. THERE ARE ABOUT 500 PEOPLE DYING MORE THAN IN THE PREVIOUS WEEKS WITHOUT HEAT WAVE.

August 1 , 2017 st

maximum temperature +38,8 ° C RECORD TEMPERATURES SUMMER 2017

August 2 , 2017 nd

maximum temperature +41,2 ° C BATHING AND DRINKING WATER WHEN TEMPERATURES ARE HIGH TO CONTRAST THERMAL DISCOMFORT

August 4 , 2017 th

ELDERLY, SICK AND CHILDREN ARE SUBJECT TO MORTALITY RISK DURING HEAT WAVES

maximum temperature +42,2 ° C DURING INTENSE HEAT PHENOMENA, WATER SOURCES REPRESENT IMPORTANT PLACES WHERE TO REFRESH FOR PEOPLE LIVING IN URBAN AREAS

HEAT WAVE REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

INTERACTIONS BETWEEN CITIES AND STORMS HIGHLY IMPERVIOUS URBAN AREAS ARE VULNERABLE Many stress factors contribute to making THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT HIGHLY VULNERABLE TO HEAVY RAINS. The water system within a city is complex, and the water cycle can be put under intense pressure from the climate conditions. The increase in intensity of precipitation on paved surfaces can in fact be greater than the capacity of the drainage system. The quality and quantity of the water in urban environments is in fact increasingly compromised by the increase in droughts and floods due to heavy rains. These two events together require innovative solutions to improve the water management systems at different levels of

HEAVY RAIN AND CLIMATE CHANGE Numerous scientific studies reveal a link between global warming and a rise in extreme rain. The Intergovernmental Pal on Climate Change (IPCC), already in its Fourth Assessment Report from 2007, declared that it was ‘very likely that events of extreme

intervention. • First, on an inter-municipal and interregional level, by supporting the adoption of agreements on the management of resources and networks and financing climate adaptation plans. • And second, on a local level, by developing, especially in existing urban contexts, smart design solutions that can create permeable surfaces, green and wooded areas, de-paving actions, and sustainable urban drainage techniques, such as retention basins, temporary floodable basins, floodable ditches, water squares, rain gardens, and green parking lots.

extreme events will most likely change, while Earth’s atmosphere will be warmed by higher concentrations of greenhouse gases.’ Again the IPCC, in the 2007 Fourth Assessment Report indicated that an increase in the destructive potential of hurricanes has been found since 1970.

heat, heat waves, and heavy rain will continue to be more frequent.’Likewise, the Weather Extremes in a Changing Climate (WMO) report from 2011 claimed that ‘even if it is impossible to say whether a single weather or climate event was caused by climate change, it must be expected that the width, frequency, and duration of

The report writes that ‘an increase in extreme events emerges, which can be explained fully by climate change’ (www.climalteranti.it).

RAINFALL IN MM PER YEAR

HEAVY RAIN IN ITALY An increase in the intensity of precipitation has also been found in Italy. As is evidenced in the following graphs (published in 2006 on Trends of the daily intensity of precipitation in Italy and teleconnections edited by M. Brunetti, M. Maugeri, and T. Nanni), the entire Italian territory has shown a strong decrease in the number of days with little rain, while the frequency of those with heavy rain has increased, especially in certain areas of northern Italy. This data presents various results: • the total amount of rainfall is almost unchanged; • the number of rainy days is decreasing while the dry days are increasing; • the intensity and duration of rainy patterns is increasing. Information gathered from local news sources published just before some notable and recent rainy events that were particularly intense reveals how cities and urban Italian areas, from north to south, have been afflicted by enhanced precipitation, with huge damage to residential properties, commercial and industrial activities, and public spaces, but also, in some case, with significant human loss. The damage caused by frequent episodes of flooding from the heavy rain or flooded rivers is attributable to previous damage to the transportation and other infrastructure systems and economic activities, but ever more frequently, also includes human loss.

200

100

MM 0 -100

-200 1800

NORTH WEST NORTH EAST (NORTH) NORTH EAST (SOUTH) CENTRE SOUTH 1900

1920

1940

1960

1980

2000

1980

2000

RAINY DAYS PER YEAR

DAYS 0

-10

CLOUDBURST WITH DAMAGES/DEATHS

HEAVY RAIN IN RIMINI - 24TH JUNE 2013 (RETE.ASMER.ORG)

LITRES OF WATER FOR 1 SQM

1800

300

1900

1920

1940

1960

HEAVY RAIN IN ITALY >MM/D RAIN PER YEAR

500 L

150

NORTH WEST NORTH EAST (NORTH) NORTH EAST (SOUTH) CENTRE SOUTH

100 400 L

70 50

300 L

40 30

MM ___ 0 DAYS

200 L

20 10

100 L

CLOUDBURST IN RIMINI ON 24 JUNE 2013 TH

120 MM 120 l/sqm

CLOUDBURST IN LIVORNO ON 12 SEPTEMBER 2017 ND

2015 ROSSANO

2014 GENOVA

2011 GENOVA

120 mm of rain flood in 1 hour the city of rimini

2017 LIVORNO

24 June 2013 th

1 MQ 2013 RIMINI

0,1

-1

1800

NORTH WEST NORTH EAST (NORTH) NORTH EAST (SOUTH) CENTRE SOUTH 1900

1920

1940

1960

CLOUDBURSTS IN GENOA 4TH NOVEMBER 2011

1980

2000

PLUVIOMETRY The quantity of fallen rain is measured in millimeters and indicates the volume of fallen water on a certain surface. The measure in millimeters corresponds to the rain gauge’s height. A millimeter of accumulation is equal to a liter of fallen water on one square meter of surface. For example, to say that 20 mm of rain has fallen in a certain place means that 20 liters of rain have fallen on every one square meter of that place. Therefore, 120, 160, 250, 395, and 500 mm of water means that 120, 160, 250, 395, and 500 liters of water have fallen on each square meter of that city. These are the water quantities recorded in several Italian cities afflicted by intense downpours, especially in the summer and beginning of autumn.

9TH-10TH OCTOBER 2014

250 MM 500 MM 395 MM 250 l/sqm 500 l/sqm 395 l/sqm

CLOUDBURST ROSSANO CALABRO ON 15TH AUGUST 2015

160 MM 160 l/sqm

HEAVY RAIN REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

CITIES AND URBAN SHAPE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CLIMATE AND URBAN AREAS AND THE ROLE OF GREEN AND BLUE INFRASTRUCTURE The city responds better to phenomena of climate change and atmospheric pollution if it has eco-environmental infrastructure, systems of sustainable transportation, networks for public transportation, and bike and pedestrian mobility. It is possible to plan settlements in a way that manages the phenomena of climate change in situ when regenerating neighborhoods and abandoned areas or building new expansion. The more the open spaces of the city are physically integrated into the project of the urban fabric, the more they can carry out social and recreational functions and contribute to mitigation and adaptation to the climate. The compact urban fabric must not obstruct the wind that’s necessary

for mitigating summer temperatures in the city. If conceived with irradiation and wind direction in mind, making sure to favor wind that provides necessary cooling in the summer - and obstructs wind in the winter - the building fabric will allow the heat to more easily disperse in the hot seasons while containing energy consumption for cooling. Green and blue infrastructure must be integrated into the urban fabric that grows and regenerates itself, making sure to guarantee as much as possible the proximity of shade and evapotranspiration created by large quantities of plants, obtaining thus a decrease in summer temperatures, a higher absorption of pollutants, and a reduction of the flow of urban water, thanks to the ‘sponge’ effect of permeable land.

ECO-DISTRICTS IMAGINED FOR THE CLIMATE / THE CASE STUDY OF EX RENAULT FACTORY IN BOULOGNE BILLANCOURT The eco-district of Boulogne-Billancourt is an example of a neglected urban area regenerated with climate issues in mind. Its elements create guiding principles for urban areas that can tackle climate adaptation and mitigation of climate change.

collect the water runoff from the blocks and carry it to the park where it combines with the water of the basin and the groundwater. The imprint on the ground of the blocks and buildings, although compact, is permeable and alternates with open spaces that have mineral and green surfaces. These surfaces are used by the people, thanks to various public and semi-public courtyards and spaces, and are permeable for

The neighborhood was imagined starting from green and blue infrastructure. A big urban park in the center of the neighborhood is the recreational space for community coexistence and also serves as a drainage basin when it rains and a cool space for the whole neighborhood during heat waves. All the streets have rows of trees with continuous and contiguous foliage, at the base of which are rain gardens that

the rain. The buildings have layouts in which the continuous facades are divided up and the section is tapered to guarantee permeability for currents and breezes, which favors wind circulation and cooling of the urban environment. Plant coverings are present at the top of the buildings, which helps to obstruct pollutants and release rainwater slowly. The urban fabric gets thinner in the central area.

WIND PERMEABILITY BETWEEN BUILDING BLOCKS

BUILDINGS TAPERING FOR SOLAR RADIATION

URBAN FABRIC

DESIGNED FOR PLOTS PERMEABLE TO SOLAR RADIATION AND TO THE WINDS, AND WITH AMPLE PUBLIC SPACES FILARE CONTINUO SINGOLO

GREEN ROOFS FOR THE ABSORPTION OF RAINWATER AND ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS

RAINWATER COLLECTION PRIVATE COURTYARDS

FILARE CONTINUO DOPPIO

RAINWATER STORAGE

FILARI CONTINUI TRIPLI

WATER DETECTION

FILARI ALBERATI ASSOCIATI A GIARDINI DELLA PIOGGIA

INFILTRATION AREAS

PARCO PUBBLICO

RAINWATER STORAGE FOR IRRIGATION

PERMANENT BASINS

PIAZZA ALBERATA

RAINWATER COLLECTION THROUGH FLOODING DITCHES

CORTI VERDI PRIVATE

RAINWATER COLLECTION THROUGH THE SEWAGE SYSTEM RAINWATERS STORAGE STOCCAGGIO AND FILTRATION CHANNELS TO CONNECT RAINWATERS AMONG PUBLIC PARKS

65 hectares

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

BLUE INFRASTRUCTURE

CONNECTION TO PUBLIC AND PRIVATE GREEN SPACE PLENTY OF PLANTS AND ROWS OF TREES WITH CONTINUOUS AND CONTIGUOUS FOLIAGE AND PERMEABLE GROUND VEGETATION

INTEGRATED SYSTEMS OF WATER COLLECTION TECHNOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS INTEGRATED WITH NATURE-BASED SOLUTIONS (original redrafting from Parc Du Trapeze Eco-district Plan and projects by Chavannes, Laverne, Agence Ter, Setec TPI and Biotope)

OF TRANSFORMATION

FLOODING PARK AT THE CENTRE OF THE BOULOGNE-BILLANCOURT DISTRICT

6 hectares FLOODING URBAN PARK

THE PERMANENT BASIN INSIDE THE PARK

0,5hectares PERMANENT BASIN

RAINGARDENS ALONG THE STREETS

2,5hectares RAIN GARDENS TREE LINES

SEMI-ACCESSIBLE AND PERVIOUS PRIVATE COURTYARDS

9 hectares

DIFFUSED PRIVATE GREEN

URBAN MORPHOLOGY AND CLIMATE CHANGE

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

INFLUENCE AND EFFECTS ON MICROCLIMATE THE MATERIALS OF THE CITY AFFECT THE URBAN COMFORT IN PUBLIC SPACES THE MINERAL AND GREEN MATERIALS OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT have different behaviors according to the absorption and reflection of incident solar radiation, making the amount of available radiation more or less high (absorbed or utilized). The choice of more appropriate mineral materials and the use of trees and vegetation can therefore significantly improve the urban microclimate. THERMAL INERTIA is a material’s ability, whether it’s mineral or green, smooth or rough, to adjust over time the release of the radiant energy that was absorbed as heat flow, a cyclical process

CONTAINING AND HINDERING HEAT ISLANDS MINERAL AND GREEN MATERIALS The fluctuation in material temperature due to their specific color and texture, present patterns determined largely by the albedo. It is evident that the higher the albedo is, the lower the

surface temperature of the material is. For example, clear and smooth mineral and green materials absorb little solar radiation and their surface temperatures remain lower or little higher than that of the air, even during the hours in which there is a high incidence of solar radiation or air temperature.

55° 50 45 GRANITE

It is essential to favor the following: using materials with a higher albedo, especially in pathways and spaces for pedestrians; placing mineral materials next to green ones and trees, which provide shade, and next to water, which exchanges energy by lowering surface temperatures (V. Dessì).

+67,2° C

LIMESTONE AIR TEMPERATURE MARBLE

30 25 20 15

The materials that have temperatures similar to the air temperature behave as if they were in the shade. The choice, variety, and variation of materials thus affect the surface temperatures of the urban space and the increase or reduction of the heat island and the wellbeing of people.

The surface temperature value of pavements of different stone materials and external air temperature. Being equal to the external air temperature (+30°C at 14:00), porphyry has a much higher surface temperature than marble (+25°C), limestone (+20°C), and granite (+1215°C).

PORPHYRY

that follows the daily trend and that influences the conditions of wellbeing in the urban environment that are perceived by the people, especially for the weaker groups of the population. ALBEDO is the amount of reflected energy in relation to incident radiation. The higher the albedo is, the lower the amount of energy a body stores, and thus, the lower its surface temperature. EMISSIVITY is the ability to emit energy as radiation (with regards to a black body). The higher the emissivity is, the greater the quantity of energy that the body can release as heat, avoiding an increase in surface temperature.

NIGHT

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

DAY

60°

NIGHT

55 50 CLAY BRICKS

CEMENT GRANITE

35 30

+32,2° C

The corner of a square and street in Phoenix, Arizona. The urban space is made with a variety of conventional materials that reach high temperatures in the summer - up to 67°C - as is seen in the thermography above (© EPA, 2005 www.epa.gov). For the people, walking or resting at length in places where the materials have such high temperatures is not only uncomfortable, but is also dangerous, especially for the weaker groups of the population (the elderly, sick, and children).

ASPHALT

Being equal to the external air temperature (+30°C at 14:00), the surface temperature values of pavements of an urban space in which the presence of buildings is irrelevant (the center of a very big square or a space without surrounding buildings) vary as the materials and their relative albedo vary. Asphalt has a rather high surface temperature compared to other materials (up to +30°C).

AIR TEMPERATURE

25 20 15 10 1

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

AIR TEMPERATURE AT 14.00

30°

LAWN GROUND COVERS

ALBEDO

The relationship between air temperature (+30°C) and the surface temperature of some materials. Green materials behave better than the mineral ones thanks to evapotranspiration. Marble, granite, creek pebbles, cement, and clay bricks behave better than asphalt or porphyry.

PERMEABLE PAVING

CLAY GRAVEL

GRANITE

CONCRETE IN OPERA CAST-IN-SITU CONCRETE

CLAY BRICKS

PORPHYRY

ASPHALT

0,2

ALBEDO

0,2-0,3

ALBEDO

SURFACE TEMPERATURE AT 14.00

32°

35°

0,40 38°

0,45 41°

0,35 42°

0,40 45°

MATERIALS OF THE CITY AND CLIMATE

0,15 54°

0,1-0,2 59°

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

TREES SHADING AND EVAPOTRANSPIRATION FOR URBAN COMFORT sum of the effect of evapotranspiration and shading and is proportional to the continuity of the former and contiguity of the latter. The same number of trees has a greater thermo-regulating effectiveness the smaller the distance between them, compatible with the required space for growth and depending on the species and variety. Therefore, depending on the urban morphology, the trees can be present singularly, in rows (single, double, groups or mixed) or as masses of vegetation.

Trees create ‘bubbles of shade’ in which the level of thermal comfort is greater. This bubble can be rather wide and intense depending on the height and shape of the type of plant and the shape and density of the leaves. The foliage additionally intercepts the solar radiation, causing the shaded built surfaces to have a lower radiant temperature than that of surfaces exposed to direct radiation. The effectiveness of a mass of vegetation’s cooling ability is generated by the

LOWERING THE TEMPERATURES / EVAPOTRANSPIRATION OF TREES AND PLANTING IN URBAN SPACE Plants use a minimal part of solar radiation (RS) for photosynthesis (2%), but reflect about 20% back (dr) and transmit 10% (t) to the ground, re-emitting 20% as ‘sensible heat’ (CS) and 48% as ‘latent heat’ (CL) through a natural mechanism that lowers air

temperature: evapotranspiration (the emission of water vapor). One plant provides the necessary oxygen for the life of 10 people. The benefits that draw an individual that walks protected by the trees are numerous: direct shade, lower air temperatures, and the fact that people ‘exchange’ heat with an element that has a lower

temperature (the foliage of the tree or the shaded walls of buildings). Along the pathways, rows are generally used, while in squares, gardens, and parking lots, both rows (even double) and masses of vegetation are used, which create a forest effect. The overall use and planting of trees in its different

forms provides continuity to the green infrastructure of the city. When arranging the trees, we must keep in mind that the size of the tree’s crown radius which will be half of the planting pattern in order to prevent that the growth of a tree’s foliage interferes with that of another.

ISOLATED TREE

SPARSE TREE LINE

CL 48%

CONTINUOUS AND CONTIGUOUS TREE LINE

SPARSE DOUBLE TREE LINE

photosynthesis 2% CS 20%

CONTINUOUS AND CONTIGUOUS TWO ROWS OF TREES

t 10% dr 20% URBAN FOREST / PLANT MASS EFFECT

IMPERVIOUS

SEMI-PERVIOUS

PERVIOUS (original redrafting from G. Scudo, De la Torre, M. Josè)

TWO ROWS OF TREES TO PROTECT THE SIDEWALK

MONUMENTAL TREES IN AN URBAN SQUARE

IRREGULAR TREE PLANTING PATTERN IN AN URBAN GARDEN

SMALL TREES IN GROUPS SHADE THE BENCHES

URBAN GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

TREES TREE SIZE AND CROWN FORM FOR LIVABILITY OF PUBLIC SPACES AND WELLBEING OF THE PEOPLE The crown form and size are important characteristics in choosing the best tree for an urban context. These two elements define the size and shape of the shadow, or the main requirements that a space must have to allow activities to take place in adequate environmental conditions. Once established, it is possible to choose the

LOWERING TEMPERATURES / SIZE AND CROWN FORM OF TREES The choice of tree species derives from the union between the shape of the urban space and the morphological characteristics of the plants, which includes size, crown form, foliage color and their seasonal variation, and the presence of flowers and

IMPERVIOUS

fruits. In heavily trafficked areas, the trees and shrubs must guarantee shade for the pedestrian spaces, such as sidewalks and squares, and for the buildings, at least in the hottest part of the day and for façades that are more exposed to solar radiation. Along the streets, beyond providing shade, trees and plants also help to mitigate pollutants.

PERVIOUS

SEMI-PERVIOUS

plants according to the location, climate, color variation, hardiness, and urban context. Choosing plant species in terms of their shape can determine the thermal effects of the green space. However, the determining element in the choice of tree species remains the potential for survival and growth, depending on the space available for the roots and foliage.

COLUMNAR

OVAL

UMBRELLA

CONICAL

ROUNDED

PERVIOUS

WEEPING

FULL CROWNED

IMPERVIOUS (REBUS® original drawings)

TWO ROWS OF TREES AT THE ENTRANCE OF AN URBAN PARK

LARGE ISOLATED TREE IN AN URBAN SQUARE

GROUP OF BLOSSOMING TREES IN AN URBAN SQUARE

BLOSSOMING ISOLATED TREE IN AN URBAN GARDEN

URBAN GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

TREES ENHANCING WIND AND BREEZES TO COOL THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT Green infrastructure, especially concentric and widespread ones, lower the air temperature by activating an urban breeze that moves from the foliage to the built environment. The general effect that derives from the energy exchange is the moderation of the microclimate thanks to the formation of thermal winds generated by the massive and continuous presence of trees. The trees affect the microclimate in various ways: • channeling, redirecting, and enhancing currents and

breezes to mitigate the summer heat (rows); • increasing the currents and breezes along rivers and channels in urban environments (rows, grouped) and in open spaces where water surfaces are present (grouped); • blocking wind (isolated trees, rows, and masses of vegetation) in the winter; • filtering currents and absorbing atmospheric pollutants keeping them away from the urban environment. SMOG DOME

HOT POLLUTED AIR

INFLUENCING THE THERMAL STATE/ THE WIND AND TREES In built urban structures, in windless weather conditions, the heat island establishes an externalinternal breeze that amasses pollution, which doesn’t allow heat to be dispersed and fosters the concentration of pollutants.

Green urban structures, especially concentric and widespread ones, lower the air temperature, activating the urban breeze that moves from the green areas to the built environment. The general effect that derives from the energy exchange is the moderation of the microclimate thanks to the formation of thermal wind generated by the massive presence of trees.

CENTRE

WINDS IN URBAN AREAS WINDS IN URBAN AREAS WITHOUT GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE WITH GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

PERVIOUS

IMPERVIOUS

SEMI-PERVIOUS

NIGHT

DAY

HOT AIR ASCENT AND DESCENT THROUGHOUT THE DAY

IMPERVIOUS

PERVIOUS

(original redrafting from Scudo, De La Torre)

SEMI-PERVIOUS

(REBUS® original drawings)

URBAN FOREST INSIDE A RESIDENTIAL COURTYARD

SQUARE WITH TREES

WATER MIRROR IN A GARDEN WITH TREES

TWO ROWS OF TREES ALONG AN URBAN PATHWAY

URBAN GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

TREES REDUCING RAINWATER RUN-OFF IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS Many urban areas experience critical water system conditions. Often, the state of the system for collecting rainwater is not adequate for managing surface drainage following rainy events that are not even that intense. The percentage of sealed surfaces in cities is extremely high. There is an insufficient availability of green, permeable, and vegetated areas in densely built cities; the public spaces such as squares, parking lots, and sidewalks are almost always sealed, as are many nearby areas and private buildings.

URBAN RUN-OFF / SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF URBAN RAINWATER Urban run-off (surface flow) is the portion of rainwater (up to 90%) that flows along the impermeable surfaces of the city (roofs, streets, parking lots, etc.) and more quickly reaches the drainage network without being

filtered and retained by the soil. As a result of climate change as well, the management of run-off in urban environments is a problem that has severe consequences for the economy, environment, and safety of the people. Starting in the 90s, people began to promote a set of practices related to

The management of run-off in urban environments when there is intense and long-lasting rain can reveal itself to be problematic. Given the speed of delivery, the collection system goes quickly into crisis, causing flooding with huge environmental, social, and economic losses. The ‘sponge’ function is missing, something that soil and vegetation could provide and which would reduce run-off and slowly return water to the collecting system, allowing it to enter into both deep and surface groundwater, and enabling evaporation and evapotranspiration through the trees.

Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) that propose solutions for managing rainwater in situ by rethinking public spaces and multifunctional green areas.

40% evapotranspiration

The solutions can be referred to two fundamental strategies: • slowing the flow of water;; • temporarily storing water in systems, such as basins, pools, and flooding areas and then restoring it in a controlled way to the drainage network.

30% evapotranspiration

10% run-off

60% run-off

25% surface infiltration 25% soil infiltration

10% surface infiltration 5% soil infiltration (REBUS® figure)

RAIN GARDEN

FLOODING DITCH

FLOODABLE BASIN

WATER SQUARE

SUSTAINABLE URBAN DRAINAGE SYSTEMS

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

URBAN RESILIENCE RESTORING SOILS PERMEABILITY IN URBAN ENVIRONMENTS The high percentage of paved surfaces of the built city has a considerable impact on the urban microclimate, indoor and outdoor comfort, and the water safety of urban areas. The necessity of promoting, where possible, de-sealing and de-paving actions derives from the consideration that the permeable land that remains in urban environments is residual and that paving isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t always done out of necessity. Public urban space and urban regeneration of

neglected areas can offer numerous opportunities to integrate nature-based solutions and systems of sustainable urban drainage. In some cases, the solutions simply entail remodeling the natural components (morphology, soil, vegetation), taking de-sealing and de-paving actions; and in others, we have more complex water solutions depending on the specific characteristics of the site, the intended function of the interested areas, and the social usage objectives that are placed there.

SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF URBAN RAINWATER / THE PRINCIPLE OF WATER INVARIANCE In urban areas, there are wide asphalted spaces used only some days of the week and/or for a few hours of the day. If these spaces were reimagined and redesigned, replacing the asphalt with permeable and

actions are parking lots, squares, and the foot paths along the streets of urban areas that were made with little attention to the quality and environmental characteristics of the public space (artisan and industrial areas and residential areas). In these contexts, we could identify portions of

vegetated surfaces, they could help make the city more welcoming and livable. Urban land could thus collect and filter rainwater, help to reduce small particles and pollution, and hinder the creation of the heat island phenomenon. The more suitable open spaces for promoting de-paving

asphalted areas that, if made permeable again, could become small gardens, usable by people, and/or drainage filters along the curb.

INCREASE OF PERVIOUS SURFACES ON PUBLIC ROADS (DISTRICT) EXISTING PAVING 100% IMPERVIOUS

20% DE-PAVING ASPHALT REMOVAL AND CREATION OF LINEAR RAIN GARDENS

80% IMPERVIOUS 20% PERVIOUS AND GREEN

THE WATER IS DRAINED THANKS TO RAIN GARDENS ALONG THE ROADS AND THE SEWER

80% IMPERVIOUS 20% PERVIOUS AND FLOODABLE

(original redrafting from Saint Kjelds Climate Adapted-Neighborhood - Tredje-Natur)

PERMEABLE SURFACES INCREASE ON URBAN PUBLIC SPACES (SQUARES, PARKS, GARDENS)

EXISTING PUBLIC SPACE 75% IMPERVIOUS 25% PERVIOUS

GREEN AREAS EXPANSION ROAD REDUCTION 55% IMPERVIOUS 45% PERVIOUS

MORPHOLOGICAL MICRO-MODELLING PERVIOUS SURFACES

TREES AND SHRUBS

FLOODABLE SPACES WATER COLLECTION

REQUALIFIED PUBLIC SPACE (original redrafting from Saint Kjelds Climate Adapted-Neighborhood - Tredje-Natur)

REGENERATION OF DISMISSED AREAS

EXISTING DISMISSED AREA 75% IMPERVIOUS AND BUILD-UP 25% SEMI-PERVIOUS ABANDONED SURFACES COLONIZED BY PIONEER VEGETATION ASPHALT DE-PAVING

CREATION OF ECO-DISTRICTS

COURTYARD BLOCKS WITH PERVIOUS SURFACES AND LOTS

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE INTEGRATED WITH THE CONTEXT CONNECTING PUBLIC AND PRIVATE AREAS

PROJECT SITE 60% PERMEABLE PUBLIC SPACES 40% BUILT-UP AREAS ASPHALT DE-PAVING

BLU INFRASTRUCTURE INTEGRATED WITH THE CONTEXT RAINWATERS CONNECTION AND DISPOSAL

(original redrafting from Bryggens Bastion Amager Eco-district - Tredje-Natur)

RAIN GARDEN IN A PARKING LOT

RAIN GARDEN ALONG THE STREET

SUSTAINABLE URBAN DRAINAGE SYSTEMS

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

NATURAL INFILTRATION OF RAIN AND STORAGE OF URBAN RAINWATER SPONGE-CITIES AND NATURE-BASED SOLUTIONS Starting in the 90s, people began to promote a set of practices related to Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) that proposes solutions for managing rainwater in situ, reducing water volume in drainage systems, and avoiding burdening the system, which would all make the water cycle more sustainable. The solutions are attributable to the following strategies: 1. slowing run-off; 2. favoring soil infiltration; 3. providing temporary water detention systems;

4. restoring water to the network in a controlled way; 5. providing storage systems; 6. reusing stored water (for green area management). Some solutions are applicable to public and private spaces: retention and infiltration basins; flooding ditches or noue paysagère (wide, shallow channels with weakly sloping sides); partially and temporarily flooding public urban spaces (rain gardens, green parking lots, water squares); private spaces with gardens or green roofs. The city offers many opportunities to implent such solutions.

SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF URBAN RAINWATER / THE PRINCIPLE OF WATER INVARIANCE Sustainable management of rainwater foresees the fulfillment in situ of the principle of water invariance through: • the conservation or restoration of permeable

All these objectives must be matched with the following aspects: • the type of run-off surface; • the presence of pollutants; • the presence or lack thereof of water collection

areas through de-sealing actions; • the containment of run-off to limit flooding risks; • the restoration of the soil’s natural function of filtering to reduce water pollution and help refill groundwater by infiltration.

DETENTION BASIN WITH VARIABLE SECTION IN NORMAL CONDITIONS

WATER SQUARE WITH VARIABLE SECTION IN NORMAL CONDITIONS

FLAT GREEN ROOF

FLOODABLE PARK

systems of the first rain for industrial areas and parking lots, • soil characteristics and aquifer vulnerability, and in a special way for protected zones for groundwater restoration.

IMMEDIATELY AFTER A CLOUDBURST

IMMEDIATELY AFTER HEAVY RAIN

IMMEDIATELY AFTER A CLOUDBURST

DETENTION BASIN

WATER SQUARE

SUSTAINABLE URBAN DRAINAGE SYSTEMS

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

THE CITY AS A MEETING PLACE LIVABILITY AND ATTRACTIVENESS OF PUBLIC SPACES CAN BE DESIGNED People feel good in a public place if they feel safe, have conditions of comfort and wellbeing, both physical and psychological, and if they have the possibility to share moments socially and experiences that stimulate and renew their feeling of belonging. Feeling good in an urban space is a need that can be satisfied and designed in this way and that depends on the environmental quality perceived by the people, in terms of livability and vitality. At the same time, in urban spaces, climate adaptation and mitigation measures can be created.

To obtain this, the approach that’s more correct for designing public spaces — roads, squares, parks, and gardens — must pay attention to the variables tied to social relations and safety, as well as environmental and climate variables. Some of the most important elements that must be taken into consideration for outdoor comfort are the morphology of the space, the mineral and green materials, the presence of water, trees, coverings, and seating. Overall, these elements have a fundamental role in providing shade, reducing surface temperatures, and attracting users.

PUBLIC SPACES FOR PEOPLE / MULTIFUNCTIONAL, LIVABLE, VITAL, A PLACE THAT CREATES BELONGING An urban space can be characterized by seasonal, daily, and weekly rhythms for the flow of different people and things, making it multifunctional. It is therefore a versatile and flexible space that is modified and modifies the elements within it, according to the environmental, usage and safety needs. The multifunctional space additionally welcomes a mix of users

who make it vital at every time of the day and throughout the year and help to initiate other flows and the presence of other people and activities. LIVABILITY is a characteristic that has to do with the perception and awareness that an individual has of the elements of the space. It is therefore a reality mediated by the mind (Bosselmann, 2008) subject to subjective interpretation of some aspects, but also tied to objective urban quality of

the space, such as street and square accessibility, bike and pedestrian mobility, environmental comfort of open spaces, and increasingly the presence of natural elements, such as greenery, water, shade elements, and primary or secondary seating. VITALITY is what makes a city alive, vivacious (Jacobs, 1969), and densely inhabited, with the presence of different types of inhabitants, pedestrian spaces, stores, and services. It is measured by looking at factors, such as building density, the

THE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY INFLUENCES THE USE OF PUBLIC SPACES

THE GREATER THE QUANTITY AND THE ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY OF THE PUBLIC SPACE IS THE MORE ARE THE SOCIAL AND VOLUNTARY ACTIVITIES OF THE PEOPLE

PUBLIC SPACES LOW ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

FEW OR ABSENT PUBLIC SPACES GENERATE INSECURITY AND DO NOT FOSTER RELATIONSHIPS, AND SOCIAL AND VOLUNTARY ACTIVITIES

NECESSARY ACTIVITIES

VOLUNTARY ACTIVITIES

MORE PEDESTRIAN AREAS AND PATHWAYS INCREASE OPPORTUNITIES FOR STOPPING AND GATHERING

THE PRESENCE OF EQUIPMENTS PROMOTES MULTIPLE AND MIXED USES BY THE PEOPLE

THE PRESENCE OF TREES AND GREEN SPACES PROMOTES THERMAL COMFORT AND PEOPLE WELL-BEING

SOCIAL ACTIVITIES

CLOSED BUILDINGS OR WITH SIMPLE WINDOWS DO NOT GENERATE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN INDOOR AND OUTDOOR SPACES

BARS, SHOPS AND ACTIVITIES FACING THE STREET FAVOR STOPPING, MEETING AND SOCIAL ACTIVITIES

(redrafting from Cities for People by Jan Gehl)

WHEN THE SITTING OPPORTUNITIES ARE DOUBLING PEOPLE GATHERING IN THE AREA ARE INCREASING 2000 1988 2000 1988

PUBLIC SPACES HIGH ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY

number of commercial activities, and the presence of individuals that carry out volunteer and social activities, in addition to those that are necessary. A FEELING OF BELONGING is the perception of the space that the inhabitants have for that place. It is about the attachment and identification of the place, which go beyond its specific physical configuration. It is a bond that holds an emotional investment (Hiss, 1990).

SEATS >

213

SEATS >

485

SITTING PERSONS >

101

SITTING PERSONS >

224

THE CASE STUDY OF THE AKER BRYGGE / TRANSFORMED AS A PUBLIC SPACE PRIMARILY FOR PEDESTRIANS, THE SPACE WAS EQUIPPED WITH PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SEATINGS, ALSO FACILITATING THE SETTLING OF COFFEESHOPS WITH TERRACES. WHILE INCREASING THE FREE SITTING OPPORTUNITIES AND THE POSSIBILITY TO HAVE A COFFEE, PEOPLE IN THE PARK INCREASED GUARANTEEING A STRONGER PRESENCE IN THE SQUARE AND PROMOTING THE RISE OF THE COMMERCIAL VALUE OF BUSINESSES

WIDE AND OPEN FACADES PROMOTE BUSINESS ACTIVITIES AND MIXED USES OF PUBLIC SPACE

(redrafting from Cities for People by Jan Gehl)

(redrafting from Gosbenarealet by Polyform)

Which elements foster the wellbeing of the people? 4 REBUS® ON PUBLIC SPACE AND JUST AS MANY POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS (OPEN)

(REBUS® original drawings)

A: UNDER THE TREES TO STAY IN THE SHADE IN SUMMER B: IN THE MIDDLE OF THE SQUARE TO SUNBATH IN SPRING C: UNDER THE SHADOW OF THE BUILDINGS ON THE EDGE OF THE SQUARE

A: GREEN PERGOLA WITH CLIMBING PLANTS B: OPEN REMOVABLE COVERINGS TO FAVOUR HEAT DISSIPATION C: RIGID/OPAQUE COVERINGS

A: WATER ALONG PATHWAYS B: BASIN C: MIST FOUNTAINS D: WATER CURTAIN

A: SPREADING WITH IRREGULAR CROWN VAGUELY ROUNDED B: UMBRELLA WITH ROUNDED CROWN FLATTENED HORIZONTALLY C: CONICAL WITH TRIANGULAR CROWN D: ROUNDED AND COMPACT WITH OVAL CROWN

WHICH SPECIES ARE BEST FOR AN URBAN CONTEXT? The trees must be chosen based on their role, the space that they occupy and their crown form, which is different for each tree species. The tree size and crown form requirements are fundamental in designing urban space and, once established, it is possible to choose the plants based on location, climate, color variation, indigenousness, and context.

TREES AND SHADE INCREASE PUBLIC SPACE COMFORT AND INVITE PEOPLE TO STOP

WHERE SHOULD I PUT THE BENCH? WHY IS ‘SITABILITY’ IMPORTANT IN PUBLIC SPACE? The ‘sitability’ of a place measures the number of opportunities to sit that are present in urban space, which are divided into primary seating (benches and chairs) and secondary seating (walls and stairs). The seating must offer people the opportunity to choose different conditions (sun or shade) according to the season.

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SEATINGS TO MAKE PUBLIC SPACE COZY

HOW CAN I CREATE SHADED AREAS? HOW CAN I PROTECT SQUARES AND REST AREAS FROM THE SUN? Pergolas, marquees, urban shade structures and canopies can protect the public space from solar radiation by modifying the energy flow based on the type of covering. Removable shade structures adapt better than fixed ones to the climate and seasonal needs of the space.

SUMMER CANOPIES TO INCREASE URBAN COMFORT

HOW CAN I TAKE ADVANTAGE OF WATER QUALITIES IN PUBLIC SPACES? The presence of water in an urban space has a double contribution for thermal comfort: psychological effect and the perception of relief from the heat and improving the microclimate. From far away, the water seems to offer the feeling of relief, making the space attractive. Close up, water improves the microclimate. When it comes into contact with the air, it exchanges energy and takes away heat from the environment where people hang out. WATER AND MIST FOUNTAINS TO INCREASE URBAN COMFORT

LIVABILITY OF PUBLIC SPACE

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

THE DESIGN QUALITY OF PUBLIC SPACES AND GREEN URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE EVALUATING ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS In the experience of REBUS we have been able to verify that the most effective (and inexpensive) measures in fighting the effects of climate change in cities are the Nature-Based Solutions - green and blue infrastructure - which are unique for being win-win measures. Such measures are in fact able to contemporarily mitigate and adapt to climate change, generating urban quality, comfort, livability, and economic benefits for the existing city. The eco-environmental aspects for

supplying the urban environment with these features (environmental, energy, climate and microclimate, social, and economic) must be conceived and adequately designed with transdisciplinary knowledge. These ecosystem services can also be measured through software – many of which are open-source – which allows us to ‘check’ the effectiveness of a project by evaluating the effects in terms of the microclimate and environmental and economic benefits.

WHY WE USE ENVIMET® ENVIMET® s an environmental and microclimate simulation model that works on the urban scale. Through thermofluidodynamic equations, the software allows us to reproduce the behavior of a threedimensional climactic model. The model allows us to evaluate the condition and

WHY WE USE ITREE® ITREE® is software from the USDA Forest Service that calculates the ecosystem services of the trees supplied in a city. The software of the iTree suite is open-source and various European cities use them, thanks to volunteer citizens and schools, to make the benefits of trees known and to promote responsible behaviors.

performance of the microclimate from the perspective of the people, taking into consideration both the urban morphology of an area and the materials (mineral and green) used, both in the current state of things and in relation to the project itself. This allows us to test the effectiveness of the proposed solutions and improve their performance.

WHY WE USE BENEFITS® BENEFITS® is a calculation sheet invented during the REBUS® workshops and started from QUALIVIVA tree data sheets of the Ministry for Agriculture, Food and Forests. BENEFITS® estimates the quantity of polluting substances extracted by the tree from the environment in the phases of planting and maturity of the species.

ENVIMET® DATA INPUT COMFORT OF URBAN AREA

ENVIMET® DATA OUTPUT COMFORT OF URBAN AREA

LOCAL CLIMATE NEAREST WEATHER STATION DAY AND TIME OF SIMULATION ALBEDO OF MINERAL AND GREEN MATERIALS EX ANTE 3D MODEL OF THE STUDY AREA TRANSFORMATION PROJECT OF THE AREA EX POST 3D MODEL OF THE STUDY AREA

The software simulates outdoor comfort by comparing the state of the art of an area with the effects produced by a public spaces project by evaluating different parameters

WIND SPEED INCREASE OR DECREASE OF THE AVERAGE SPEED AND PRESENCE OF TURBULENCES OR ‘ VENTURI EFFECT ‘ SPECIFIC HUMIDITY DRIER OR MORE HUMID AREA AIR TEMPERATIRE BENEFITS IN RELATION TO HEAT ISLAND PMV INDEX OUTDOOR COMFORT IMPROVEMENT

These data provide the main parameters to simulate the climatic conditions and the outdoor comfort of a study area before and after the project.

(REBUS® project Rimini 1 Team)

I-TREE® DATA INPUT PLANTING PATTERN SPECIES TRUNK CIRCUMFERENCE AND TREE HEIGHT CROWN PROJECTION AREA (SIZE OF THE CROWN PROJECTION ON THE GROUND) GEOGRAPHICAL COORDINATES OF EACH TREE INSIDE THE STUDY AREA HEALTH STATUS

34.246,5 kg CO2

37,42 kg SO2

NET CAPTURED

8,27 kg PM10 INTERCEPTED

44,37 kg NO2 AVOIDED

AVOIDED

THE 5 SPECIES MORE PRESENT

BENEFITS

1) PINUS PINEA 44 % 2) QUERCUS ILEX 18 % 3) AESCULUS HIPPOCASTANUM 10% 4) HIBISCUS SYRIACUS 10% 5) CUPRESSUS SEMPERVIREX 7% OTHER SPECIES 11%

ECOSYSTEM ANNUAL

-328 kg BVOC EMITTED

These data provide the main parameters to define the ecosystem structure, the leaf area index (LAI) and all other variables necessary to characterize the ecosystem services.

144 TREES MAPPED

(ex post Envimet simulation REBUS® Rimini 1 Team)

18,015 $ CARBON 5,389 $ AIR QUALITY

816,786 $ APPEARANCE

22,171,857 $

VALUE

PAY BACK

I-TREE® DATA OUTPUT PLANTING PATTERN 144 ALBERI MAPPATI THE 5 SPECIES MORE PRESENT 1) PINUS PINEA 44 % 2) QUERCUS ILEX 18 % 3) AESCULUS HIPPOCASTANUM 10% 4) HIBISCUS SYRIACUS 10% 5) CUPRESSUS SEMPERVIREX 7% OTHER SPECIES11%

148,058 $ RAINWATERS

767 mc RAINWATERS

RETAINED BY SOIL AND ROOTS, IN OTHER WORDS THAT DIDN’T REACH THE SEWER

(diagramme of ITREE® evaluation of Rimini I-STREET Lab)

BENEFITS®DATA INPUT PLANTING PATTERN LATIN NAME COMMON NAME FAMILY GENUS NUMBER OF PLANTED TREES QUALIVIVA DATA OF TREE SPECIES These data essentially provide the contribution of the pollutants reduction of an arboreal planting, both at the early and mature stage.

The role of vegetation in reducing local air pollution and avoided costs due to the economic value of ecosystem services

ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS FROM THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF PLANTS (CONIFERS, BROADLEAF, EVERGREEN) O3 REMOVAL INDEX PM2,5 REMOVAL INDEX CO2 REMOVAL INDEX NO2 REMOVAL INDEX SO2 REMOVAL INDEX ECONOMIC BENEFITS ESTIMATION OF THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN TERMS OF AVOIDED COSTS BENEFITS®DATA OUTPUT PLANTING PATTERN

825 TREES IN THE NEW PLANTING PATTERN

825 MATURE PLANTS

4.605 kg C02 CAPTURED BY THE NEW TREES

202.605 kg C02 CAPTURED BY MATURE TREES

3,43 n° cars whose emissions are absorbed on avarage by the new trees

150,73 n° cars whose emissions are absorbed on avarage by mature trees

The role of vegetation in reducing local air pollution

CO2 STORED (KG) CO2 ABSORBED (KG/Y) REDUCTION OF O3 (KG/Y) REDUCTION OF NO2 (KG/Y) REDUCTION OF SO2 (KG/Y) REDUCTION OF PM10 (KG/Y) CO2 REDUCTION REPRESENTED IN TERMS OF THE NUMBER OF CARS WHOSE CO2 ANNUALLY EMITTED IS SUBTRACTED FROM THE ENVIRONMENT THANKS TO THE PLANTS 120 g CO2/km are the emissions to be complied according to Kyoto protocol provisions

(BENEFITS® data from Lab. REBUS® Ferrara 2 / drawing Desvigne et Dalnoky)

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE DESIGN FOR BENEFITS® AND ENVIMET® EVALUATION

DRAWINGS AND ELABORATIONS ON MAPS FOR ENVIMET®

(BENEFITS® data from Lab. REBUS® Ferrara 2 / drawing Desvigne et Dalnoky)

ENVIMET® DATA RECORDING

I-TREE® DATA RECORDING

ECOSYSTEM SERVICES AND URBAN COMFORT EVALUATION REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio

Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

MICRO-SCALE PROJECTS VERIFICATION CHECKLIST

PUBLIC SPACES AND ECODISTRICTS PROJECTS STRATEGIES, CRITERIA, CALLS

The REBUS project checklist was conceived as a guiding instrument of self-evaluation, which the technicians working for public local administrations and the designers can use to verify the requirements for livability and comfort of a public space being designed. This tool is meant to accompany an ongoing design of public space on an urban micro-scale, to rethink squares, multimodal roads, parks, gardens, and small open spaces, putting the responsible figures of the project in the position to evaluate adaptation measures and adapt it for the definitive and executive project.

The REBUS criteria for the construction of calls for tender on urban regeneration are thought of as guiding tools to support local administrations, to guide the design of eco-districts and public urban spaces, keeping in mind the issues of climate change and measures for mitigation and adaptation. These criteria are devised especially for complex regeneration interventions at the urban scale, such as the renovation of abandoned areas and brownfield and retrofitting of public open spaces. In these contexts, the strategy for urban and environmental quality should be the reference for each intervention, which could be implemented for individual parts and in phases, with a strong public oversight of the transformations.

WHY WE USE THE REBUS® CHECKLIST The REBUS® checklist is made for the requirements and objectives, through ten guiding principles and 30 different questions. The more that the public space under evaluation has been conceived taking into account the issues and questions posed by the checklist, the more it will respond to the criteria of

WHY WE USE REBUS® CRITERIA The REBUS® criteria tackle the issues of urban regeneration and social innovation along with climate issues, posing the public space as a guiding element of the process of urban transformation. ‘Climate-proof cities’ are ‘cities for people’ in which the measures that are most effective for adaptation and mitigation

livability, comfort, and resilience, although the application to different contexts must be evaluated case by case. In particular, remember that the plants are the ones to carry out the most effective actions of mitigation and that the presence of trees, shade, and permeable surfaces is necessary to design public space for the wellbeing of the people.

1. THE PUBLIC SPACE IN RELATION TO THE URBAN CONTEXT Was an analysis of the urban context in which the space is situated carried out? Were the flows and function of the people at the edge and within the area analyzed? Does the project improve the environmental quality of the public space and its surroundings? Does the designed space have different functions that attract different types of people and volunteer and social activities, or those that aren’t necessities? Does the space connect bike and pedestrian paths and areas and to public transportation? In the public space, or at its edges, is it possible to have comfortable thermal conditions? Does the public space function in a way that mitigates climate change?

2. COMPLEXITY AND MULTIFUNCTIONALITY OF PUBLIC SPACE Does it have a size that’s capable of making people feel safe and/or in a pleasant context? Is it complex from the visual and perceptual point of view? Does it foster different uses? If yes, does it have differentiated spaces and adequate equipment?

3. BORDER OF THE SPACE, FUNCTIONS OF THE EDGES AND MATERIALS Are the pavements and used land distinguished based on use? Are the borders defined and noticeable? Are the edges of the space welcoming and do they tempt people to stop there? Have the materials been chosen with the impact on environmental comfort in mind?

4. ACCESSIBILITY Is the space accessible to everyone? Does it foster and help crossing?REZZATURE

5. SITABILITY’ AND EQUIPMENT Does it encourage people to sit? Does it encourage socialization (and privacy) for seated people? Is there primary and secondary seating and street furniture/equipment for those who use the space?

6. TREES, VEGETATION AND NATURE-BASED SOLUTIONS Are there trees and vegetation in the project on public space? Are the trees and vegetation separated in the space? Were they chosen based on the function they serve? Do the trees and vegetation have space to grow and develop? Do they encourage people to rest there? Were they chosen to mitigate pollution and the urban heat island? Are permeable surfaces and soils for sustainable urban drainage systems included?

7. WATER

- based on the reintroduction of nature in urban areas - are also those that make a city more healthy, beautiful, comfortable, livable, vital, and attractive and in which it is more convenient to invest in a public and private long-term vision. Dealing with the climate means dealing with the regeneration of the city and the improvement of its resilience.

STRATEGY FOR THE URBAN AND ECO-ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY FOR PLANNING ECO-DISTRICTS AND/OR WIDESPREAD INTERVENTIONS IN PUBLIC SPACES The ‘strategy for the urban and eco-environmental quality’ establishes the basic necessities and performance requirements of the built environment and land equipments, with particular reference to the issues and objective of the mitigation and adaptation to climate change established on a national and European level and by receiving the directions of the sectorial planning. The strategy is carried out through the creation of public space with high urban, environmental, and social quality and through eco-districts. ‘Eco-districts’ are urban environments that have been regenerated and redeveloped according to principles of sustainable development, from an urban, environmental, climate, social, and economic standpoint. ‘Widespread intervention’ means a series of actions and projects in public spaces that might involve the restoration and reuse of public and private real estate. Such interventions must be able to operate in an urban area or neighborhood, globally improving its livability and attraction according to the principles of sustainable development from an urban, environment, climate, social, and economic standpoint.

NTERDISCIPLINARITY OF PROFESSIONAL TEAMS AND EVALUATION CRITERIA The project must have an interdisciplinary approach and involve professionals and experts from various sectors in elaborating a project with with high urban comfort and resilience to climate change.

1. QUALITY OF THE STRATEGIC PROPOSAL AND URBAN AND FUNCTIONAL LAYOUT Evaluating the guiding idea of the project of urban regeneration. Adequacy of the chosen strategy for intervening in problems of the area. Quality of the urban project and urban master plan from the functional point of view, keeping in mind the historical, settlement, environmental, and socio-economic specifics. Presence of a public-private strategy of urban regeneration. Effectiveness of the implementation phases of the strategic proposal.

2. EFFECTIVENESS OF THE URBAN PROJECT FROM A CLIMATE POINT OF VIEW Evaluation of ENVI-MET simulation results in terms of capability of lowering temperatures. Thermoigrometric comfort of the neighborhood and at the urban micro-scale. Ventilation. The use of water and the restoration and soil permeability as elements of mitigation.

3. QUALITY OF GREEN URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE Evaluating the guiding idea of the project of the green infrastructure and adequacy of the strategies chosen for intervening in problems of the area. Landscape value of the project in relation to the space and its evolution over time and across seasons. Choice of plants for absorbing pollutants and heat and capturing fine particles.

4. EFFECTIVENESS OF NBS AND SUDS Evaluation of the guiding idea of the project of blue infrastructure and the adequacy of the strategies chosen for intervening in problems of the area. Landscape value of blue infrastructure project. Multifunctionality of the adopted solutions. Reduction of urban run-off. Effectiveness of the adopted measures on an urban and micro-scale.

5. QUALITY, LIVABILITY, AND URBAN COMFORT OF PUBLIC SPACES

Does the space hold and face services and activities?

Evaluation of the interventions in public spaces in relation to the urban context and issues of the specific neighborhood. Livability and attraction of the planned public spaces. Adequacy and effectiveness of mineral and green materials chosen to improve the microclimate and the wellbeing of the people. Accessibility, walkability, and usability of the neighborhood and presence of sustainable mobility systems.

9. TEMPORARY USES

6. INVOLVEMENT OF THE LOCAL COMMUNITY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROJECT

Was the use of water as an element of public space taken into consideration?

8. SERVICES AND PERMANENT ACTIVITIES

Does the space encourage use, events and temporary exhibitions?

10. MAINTENANCE Does the project include materials, solutions, systems, and vegetation of low maintenance? Does the project include solutions and materials resistant to vandalism? Were the plan and the usual maintenance costs conceived as an integral part of the project?

Quality of the participation process in the different design phases; development and implementation of the urban project. Actions of active involvement of local community regarding bottom-up actions on issues of climate change and the care for public spaces. Actions of information and expected monitoring activities. -

7. CONSISTENCY AND INTEGRATION BETWEEN THE DIFFERENT QUALITY CRITERIA Evaluation of the consistency and integration between interventions included and pursuing the general objectives stated previously.

QUALITY AND LIVABILITY OF PUBLIC SPACE

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

THE REBUS OF PUBLIC SPACES A TRAINING PROGRAM FOR PLANNING CITIES IN THE AGE OF CLIMATE CHANGE ®

REBUS REnovation of public Buildings and Urban Spaces is a training program and design lab on urban regeneration for climate mitigation and adaptation. It is carried out through a simulation game. It includes classroom lessons, surveying, debriefing moments, and final workshops for a total of 40 educational hours. The focus of the experimental lab is on public spaces as strategic locations in the planning and designing of the necessary equipment of a climate-proof city. ® REBUS cities: Modena, Parma and Rimini (2015); Ferrara, Ravenna and San Lazzaro di Savena (2017). For each city, interdisciplinary teams competed by developing a planning proposal based on a made-up law and call for tender. ®

From the first to the fourth edition, the content and written requests within the law and call for tender have grown in number and complexity, arriving at the definition of criteria for the planning of eco-districts and public spaces that mitigate and adapt to climate change. In less than three days, each team developed urban regeneration strategies and projects to improve the quality of public spaces, rethinking the use of green space, the management of the urban water system, mineral and green materials, and the equipment that can make public spaces more resilient, comfortable, attractive, and livable. During the labs, the efficiency of the projects in terms of comfort and thermal mitigation as well as the environmental benefits of green infrastructure were evaluated. COMPOSITION OF REBUS® TEAMS ARCHITECT [designer/urban planner]

LANDSCAPE DESIGNER [architect/agronomist]

AGRONOMIST

ENGINEER [civil/mobility/hydraulic]

PLANNER [city maker]

PUBLIC SERVANT [urbanism/public-works/green]

FACILITATOR

+ 4

COLLABORATION AND COMPETITIVENESS / NETWORK MODELS AND INTERACTION DURING THE SIMULATION-GAME

MODENA / LIGHT INDUSTRIAL AREA

SAN LAZZARO DI SAVENA (BO) / LIGHT INDUSTRIAL AREA

CENTRALIZED NETWORK All the nodes are connected in a hierarchical way to a single central node on which all links depend. This network is not collaborative. It has a high level of competitiveness and can be efficient but is weak because it is supported by the existence of a single node. If it were to fall short, it would kill the network itself [©P.Baran, 1964]

PARMA / COMPARTO PASUBIO

RAVENNA / CITY DARSENA

DE-CENTRALIZED NETWORK The nodes are grouped into subgroups connected to a main node, which in turn depends on a central one. This network has a good level of collaboration and competition, however the links between the main nodes are weak, and if one fell short, it would entirely lose a significant part of it. [©P.Baran, 1964]

DISTRIBUTED NETWORK The nodes are grouped into a mesh of three nodes, which facilitates a high level of connections within the network and makes the nodes that might lose connection largely stable since they have two other connections. This network has a high level of collaboration and competition, but lacks hierarchy and, in certain cases, efficiency. [©P.Baran, 1964]

SIMULATION GROWTH OF COMPETITIVE AND COLLABORATIVE DISTRIBUTED NETWORK The growth of the network implies a competitive behavior between the nodes that form it. Every new node, before connecting, evaluates and chooses the node that offers the most. Between two nodes with an equal number of connections prevails over the more competitive one, while when equally competitive, the longer existing node prevails. [©Barabási, Bonabeau, 2003]

REBUS® INSTRUMENTS LAW (fake) ECO-DISTRICT AND PUBLIC SPACES

CALL FOR TENDER (fake) to access financing

LECTURES SEMINARS LECTIO MAGISTRALIS

BOOKLETS COLLECTION AND GUIDES OF THE LAB

SITE VISITS SIMULATION-GAME WORKSHOP

INTERDISCIPLINARY JURY

SIMULATION AND EVALUATION MODELS

REBUS® JURY COMPOSITION URBAN PLANNER

BIOCLIMATOLOGIST

ARCHITECT

LANSCAPE DESIGNER AGRONOMIS

NBS AND SUDS EXPERT

PARTECIPATION EXPERT

SECRETARY

+ RIMINI / LARGE MARKETS IN THE CITY CENTRE

LECTURE

FERRARA / SAN PAOLO DARSENA

STUDY VISIT WITH GUIDED TOUR

WORKSHOP

SIMULATION-GAME AND URBAN REGENERATION

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

ARTISAN AND MANUFACTURING DISTRICT OF THE SECOND POSTWAR PERIOD / STUDY AREA AND DESIGN OBJECTIVES The Artisan Village is a manufacturing district located in the first outskirts the city that was built during the postwar period of World War II. Small and medium-sized craft activities were established there, particularly focused on the mechanical supply chain. There is also a foundry and the manufacturing headquarters of Figurine Panini. The area is composed of buildings organized by roads in a grid system. An experimental urban plan that aims to involve the private enterprises is underway to improve the comfort of the area and the energy efficiency of the building heritage. The road network is not characterized by soil permeability or significant sections of vegetation, except for at the entrances to some larger factories or private homes with a warehouse annex. Viale Po, a two-lane thoroughfare that divides the manufacturing

district from the residential area, has all the main services. The road section varies, with parking, green areas, and cycle and pedestrian paths. Within the district, we find mostly anonymous warehouses with little building value and some homes with connected laboratories. Most of the buildings are in need of maintenance. The internal roads have continuous parking sections on one or two sides; the streets are paved in asphalt and often missing sidewalks. Green areas are nearly nonexistent, except for the private green spaces of the residential buildings near Ferrari Park and along Viale Po. The green areas within the district, on the other hand, are found near entrances and the private yards of the artisan warehouses.

7 1 11 3 2 13

10 5

6 14

3 12

1 VIALE PO 2 UNUSED PUBLIC GREEN AREA 3 COMMUNITY GARDEN 4 ENZO FERRARI PARK 5 FIGURINE PANINI 6 PARKING AREA ALONG VIALE PO 7 FOUNDRY 8 RAILWAY 9 MALL / SHOPPING CENTRE 10 VIA BIONDO 11 VIA DELLA CHIESA 12 VIA NOBILI 13 VIA BRUINI 14 VIALE DELL’AUTODROMO

STUDY AREA CITY CENTRE URBAN PARK STATION ROAD NETWORK RAILWAY

SIMULATION AREA PROJECT SITE / AREA OF INTEREST PUBLIC MOBILITY ROUTE (BUS) BIKE NETWORK

ENVI-MET SIMULATIONS

AIR TEMPERATURE / 23.07.2013 - H 11:00

A study of the thermal comfort of the area has been prepared using the SPACE modules from ENVI-MET, a holistic three-dimensional non-hydrostatic software that allows one to model the physical and microclimatic behavior of the buildings and open spaces, with applications for urban planning, climate adaptation, comfort, and the health of the people. The software allows one to analyze the urban comfort of a certain area linking data that has been extrapolated from a climate analysis of the place with the topographical study of the spaces (which includes the buildings, vegetation, and land-use). PANINI FIRM ALONG VIALE PO

The output results of the ex-ante status are compared to the thermal comfort of the ex-post status, which takes the different design choices into consideration. The area of Modena represents a very complex case for the project and simulation: the urban fabric is in fact made up of more than 80 percent built areas. Excluding roads, there are few public and open spaces of significant size where it is possible to intervene. Additionally, the presence of numerous trees in the park included in the study area caused the calculations to crash many times.

INNER STREET OF THE VILLAGE

UNUSED GREEN AREA

MODENA ARTISAN VILLAGE

The isolines allow one to understand the distribution of the air temperature in °C, in the open spaces and near buildings, a value that affects the direct thermal exchange between the human body and the environment. The current status of the Modena area displays temperature distribution that is distinct for the open areas, roads, and squares, with values largely between 30°C and 32°C, and building temperatures below 28°C.

VIA NOBILI

VIALE EMILIO PO

STUDY AREA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

NEW URBAN CONNECTIONS AND SOCIAL INNOVATION IN THE ARTISAN VILLAGE INNOVATION LEAVES ITS MARK by enhancing new east/west connectivity, functional to the connection of the identified poles. The implementation of areas for parking is also called for, which would serve to rationalize spontaneous stops along the main routes by proposing an area with around 90 parking spots. The interventions are concentrated in precise areas and along some roads with the creation of equipped public spaces, the use of permeable paving, and the creation of tree-lined parking areas and rain gardens along curbs in order to create pervious surfaces and plant new trees. The solutions for improving urban comfort also call for work on private buildings, using cool and green roofs and walls by drawing from public funds that encourage their use.

The proposal is focused on the extension of the perimeter of the proposed area to include again two strategic areas for environmental comfort (the green area east of the railway and Ferrari Park), which is the objective of future transformation/ delocalization of the industries that are inconsistent with the urban context and near the abandoned railway line. Assuming a reunification of the Village with its context, investments were made on the connections to the abandoned railway and the Ferrari Urban Park. The regeneration of the area intends to identify a series of new polarities and/or the enhancement of existing ones to create a network and reconnect the various fragments of the artisan district. Consequently, the project plans to overturn the current hierarchy (north/south)

DIFFERENTI ASSI - DIFFERENTI GERARCHIE

pavimentazione drenante

rain garden

asfalto esistente

conglomerato

DIFFERENTI ASSI - DIFFERENTI GERARCHIE

vIA EmIlo po DIFFERENTI ASSI - DIFFERENTI GERARCHIE vIA EmIlo po VIA EMILIO PO STREET PROFILE

drena tech

pavimentazione drenante

asfalto esistente

pavimentazione drenante

drena tech

DIFFERENTI ASSI - DIFFERENTI GERARCHIE

vIE INTERNE DIFFERENTI ASSI - DIFFERENTI GERARCHIE vIE INTERNE

MASTERPLAN

INNER STREET PROFILE

DIFFERENTI ASSI - DIFFERENTI GERARCHIE

STRATEGIA SOCIALE-PARTECIPAZIONE Progettazione condivisa dell’arredo urbano ASSEMBLEA RESIDENTI

NUOVI RESIDENTI

EVENTI (PARCO)

RESIDENTI STORICI (ARTIGIANI) RACCOLTA FONDI

AMMINISTRAZIONE E ASSOCIAZIONI

€€€

MANUTENZIONE

PROGETTAZIONE CONDIVISA ARREDO URBANO

COMUNICAZIONE E DIVULGAZIONE DEI PROCESSI DI COSTRUZIONE DELL’ARREDO (WEB, SOCIAL NETWORK, ETC..)

COSTRUZIONE ARREDO URBANO BASATO SUI PRINCIPI DELL’AUTOCOSTRUZIONE

CROWDFUNDING SCAMBIO CONOSCENZE

SOCIAL AND PARTICIPATORY STRATEGY

PUBLIC SPACES AND GREEN STRATEGY

SIDE STREET PROFILE

ASSI lATERAlI

drena tech

rain graden

drena tech

rain graden

SITO WEB ARREDO URBANO OPEN SOURCE

drena tech

€

ASSI lATERAlI

STRATEGIE_URBANE

CONNECT to the macroscale HIERARCHIZING thealla viability CONNETTERE macroscala

GERARCHIZZARE

* *

* P

POLARIZE urban fabric POLARIZZARE

il tessuto urbano

RICOMPORRE i frammenti urbani RECOMPOSING urban fragments

P P

la viabilità

ATTREZZARE

SPESE TECNICHE technical costs VERDE 871.511 € PENSILE roof garden 330.000 €

VERDE/green 954.300 €

ARREDI/furniture 591.000 €

RAIN GARDEN 1.542.750 €

aree sosta auto

EQUIP areas for parking CONTAMINARE gli usi

PAVIMENTAZIONI/paving 2.807.500 €

CONTAMINATE uses 3

ECONOMIC-FINANCIAL PLAN

REUSE STRATEGIES

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / WIND SPEED / 23.07.2013 - H 11:00 The ex-ante map shows uniform values between 0.5 m/s and 1.05 m/s ‘calm wind. The design solution shows a small variation exclusively near two open spaces where the wind speed arrives to 0.6 m/s, while episodes of still air and localized turbulence persist.

EX ANTE

TEAM MODENA 1 / Christian Abate - agronomist, Luca Biancucci - urban planner, Alfredo Borghi architect, Claudia Dall’Olio - Regione Emilia-Romagna

INTERVENTION STRATEGY FOR PRIVATE BUILDINGS: COLOURS AND GRAFFITI, GREEN WALLS, GREEN/COOL ROOFS

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / PMV (PREDICTED MEAN VOTE) / 23.07.2013 - H 11:00 EX POST

public officer, Irene Esposito - landscape architect, Andrea Franceschi - architect, Giulia Gatta - landscape architect, Federico La Piccirella - engineer,

The PMV index expresses the EX ANTE opinion of individuals on thermal comfort in a given microclimatic condition. The ex-ante map presents a tragic situation, with an average index greater than 3.2 ‘very, very hot.’ The map of the project shows a slight localized improvement that does not allow mitigation of the heat island effect in the district. Martina Lucchi - landscape designer, Maria Angela Mirri - agronomist, Roberta Palumbo - architect, Elena Pellegrini - architect, Paolo Piazza - engineer, Andrea

MODENA ARTISAN VILLAGE / 1

EX POST

Reggianini - Municipality of Modena public officer, Catia Rizzo - Municipality of Modena public officer, Melissa Semeraro - engineer.

PROJECT STUDY AREA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

THE RENOVATION OF THE ARTISAN DISTRICT IDENTITY, URBAN QUALITY, AND PARTICIPATION ARTISAN VILLAGE, ALIVE VILLAGE The project aims to revitalize and regenerate the urban fabric of the Village through innovative environmental actions that will help increase the degree of resilience of the area and the addition of new functions, centrality, attractive poles, meeting places, and services for the community in order to strengthen the identity and livability of the district. Different parts of the road system become links between the Ferrari Park and the area beyond the old railway, passing through the Village and connecting the attractive elements. From a strategic perspective, the project intervenes in order to open and revitalize the places, adding new functions, creating new public spaces, and activating participative processes. It will also reorganize the space by redefining road systems, space,

and functions; connect the district by creating spaces for slow mobility; and restore the spirit of its places through actions that reuse neglected space and with the introduction of elements for the recovery of environmental resources added to the network. The transformation of some roads from two lanes to one way allows for the addition of rows of trees that have a columnar habit, deciduous leaves, easy maintenance, and the ability to absorb pollutants. To combat the consequences of heavy rain, along via Emilio Po there will be linear rain gardens as initial flooding zones to slow and regulate the water run-off. In the squares, newly created central locations, the use of water as an outdoor summer cooling element is planned with the use of mist fountains and spouts that spray onto water mirrors.

ONE -WAY INNER ROAD, NEW MOBILITY AND URBAN LANDSCAPE

ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN ELEMENTS

MASTERPLAN

PERSPECTIVE VIEW OF THE INTERVENTIONS ON THE WALLS AND ROOFS OF THE PRIVATE BUILDINGS

“PAINT YOUR VILLAGE”

“RESILIENCE IN ECONOMY”

1. bike-pedestrian track (coloured draining asphalt) 2. flowerbeds and rain garden 3. draining asphalt 4. permeablecCar parking lots

CITIZEN PARTICIPATION PROCESS FOR THE CHROMATIC CONVERSION OF SOME BUILDINGS OF THE VILLAGE

1/ HOW CAN I DO TO ...? 2/ SELF-CONSTRUCTION TOOLKIT 3/ THE CONTAINER OF RESILIENT IDEAS

1,5

3,5

1. bike-pedestrian track pista ciclopedonale (coloured1. draining asphalt) (asfalto drenante colorato) 2. flowerbeds and rain garden 2. aiuole e rain garden 3. draining asphalt 3. asfalto drenante 4. permeablecCar parking 4. parcheggi verdi lots

1,5

PARTICIPATION, STRATEGIES AND WAYS TO INVOLVE THE DISTRICT

STREET SECTION / ONE-WAY STREET

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / WIND SPEED / 23.07.2013 - H 11:00

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / PMV (PREDICTED MEAN VOTE) / 23.07.2013 - H 11:00

The ex-ante map shows uniform values between 0.5 m/s and 1.05 m/s ‘calm wind. The design solution shows a small variation exclusively near two open spaces where the wind speed arrives to 0.8-1.0 m/s, while episodes of still air and localized turbulence persist.

EX ANTE

SQUADRA MODENA 2 / Roberto Bacchilega - landscape architect, Elvira Laura Bandini - landscape architect, Alessandro Bettio - urban designer, Cinzia Compagnone

EX POST

- architect, Claudia Guastadini - architect, Giulia Lucchi - public officer Municipality of Modena, Silvia Manelli - urban planner, Francesco Michele Masera -

The PMV index expresses the EX ANTE opinion of individuals on thermal comfort in a given microclimatic condition. The ex-ante map presents a tragic situation, with an average index greater than 3.2 ‘very, very hot.’ The map of the project shows a slight localized improvement that does not help mitigation of the heat island effect in the district. engineer, Patrizia Melotti - Emilia-Romagna Regione public officer, Sara Navacchia - architect, Roberta Paglioli - designer, Angela Santangelo - urban designer,

MODENA ARTISAN VILLAGE / 2

STREET SECTION / TWO-WAY STREET

EX POST

Giuseppe Satta - architect, Daniela Stagni - agronomist, Valeria Zorzin - agronomist.

PROJECT STUDY AREA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

THE MANUFACTURING FABRIC OF THE SAN LEONARDO DISTRICT / STUDY AREA AND DESIGN OBJECTIVES The area is characterized by a pattern of early industrial expansion, which was made easier by its proximity to the railway. In the postwar era, the district experienced a period of huge expansion with a urbanisation that developed without any actual organized oversight in the area around the train station and along Via Trento, the main road and extension of the central Via Garibaldi. The more emblematic buildings have been preserved and are still the subject of possible re-functioning and recovery today. New buildings and urban functions have substituted other neglected areas in order to regenerate and revitalize the district. The current context, characterized by a strong social and multiethnic trait, is made up of a disorganized urban fabric in

which small homes prevail beside the strong presence of small industries and artisanal and commercial activities. The open spaces include roads, small under-used green spaces, parking, and private lots. These areas are disaggregated and display very different formal, functional, and plant-related qualities. It is necessary to plan the reconnection of the public spaces taking into account the multiethnic community, the needs of the spaces called to cultural production, artisan activity, worker residence, and new housing. Within the district, the open green spaces are situated mostly in the northern part, beside the private space of worker homes. The main green spaces are beside the entrance to the bike path, near the elderly center and in the lots where social housing is planned.

5 13 12

1 4

STUDY AREA CITY CENTER URBAN PARK TRAIN STATION ROAD NETWORK RAILWAY PARMA TORRENT

SIMULATION AREA PROJECT SITE / AREA OF INTEREST PUBLIC MOBILITY ROUTE (BUS) BIKE NETWORK

ENVI-MET SIMULATIONS

AIR TEMPERATURE / 23.07.2013 - H 11:00

1 VIALE TRENTO 2 TRAIN STATION 3 EX-MANZINI PLANT - WORKOUT PASUBIO 4 PASUBIO RESIDENCE - MBM ARCHITECTS 5 SCEDED - LENZ/CID 6 UNDERGROUND PARKING AREA / GREEN SPACE 7 ELDERLY CENTER AND GREE AREA 8 PARKING - SOCIAL HOUSING (PLANNED) 9 PARKING - COMMERCIAL CENTER (PLANNED) 10 SOCIAL HOUSING (PLANNED) 11 VIA GARIBALDI 12 VIA RASTELLI 13 VIA PASUBIO

The output results of the ex-ante status are compared to the thermal comfort of the ex-post status, which takes the different design choices into consideration. In the area of Parma, there are various large abandoned artisan and industrial buildings with historically significant architectural characteristics. They alternate with open spaces, which are connected by pedestrian areas with a nearly equal ratio of space between built areas and open space.

RESIDENTIAL BUILDING IN VIA PASUBIO

VIA RASTELLI

PARMA PASUBIO DISTRICT

SCEDED - LENZ/CID

VIA PASUBIO

STUDY AREA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

NEW URBAN LANDSCAPES FOR MULTIFUNCTIONAL AND TREE-LINED PUBLIC SPACES LET’S TAKE BACK THE ROAD The project aims to reintroduce residents to the social aspect of the street, improving the microclimatic comfort of roads and squares, developing a network of slow mobility, and creating welcoming and attractive open spaces. The transformations underway have deprived the districts of its historical identity, increasing its critical status. Therefore, a coordinated intervention system was devised to improve the social relations and the sense of belonging of the area by defining a ‘layout of potential functions’ within the district space, which would guide design choices. These include the (re)qualification of existing open space, the creation of connections between open space and attractive buildings, actions aimed at allowing the temporary use of private areas waiting to be built, and redefining the mobility hierarchy and roles.

The qualification of the public spaces and improvement of the residents wellbeing will be pursued through the use of green, in the following adaptations: GREEN ROAD, a linear park along Via Pasubio equipped with rest and recreation spots and various species that attract melliferous entomofauna; PASUBIO EDEN, an urban garden composed of a sequence of squares, green areas, and built elements; STREET BRIDGES, connections between the district, Via Trento, and the Train Station; ENTRANCE DOOR, entrance to the area characterized by a green wall placed against the track ballast, which emphasizes the main access to the pavilion; COMMERCIAL PATH on Via Trento, which, redeveloped as a one-way road exiting from the city, allows the project to integrate the greenery and expand the pedestrian space. SCHEMA AZIONI STRATEGICHE EDEN PASUBIO

o v. Trent

PASUBIO EDEN PORTA DI ACCESSO

v. Firenze

MACRO-TYPES OF GREEN

ENTRANCE PASSEGGIATA COMMERCIALE DOOR STRADA VEGETALE

SOCIAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL AND RECREATIONAL GREEN

v. Palermo

STRADE /PONTI COMMERCIAL AREE TEMPORANEE PATH

GREEN ROADS STREETS BRIDGES TEMPORARY AREAS

v. Brescia

v. Chiesi

v. Rastelli

ore 09:00

ore 13:00

v. Bologna

v. Palermo

STRATEGIC ACTIONS SCHEMA AZIONI MOBILITA’

SANITARY GREEN

SCHEMA AZIONI MOBILITA’ SCHEMACICLABILE AZIONI MOBILITA’

CICLABILEPATH BIKE TRASPORTO PUBBLICO

PUBBLICO CICLABILE SCHEMATRASPORTO AZIONI MOBILITA’

v. Pasubio

v. Pasubio v. Pasubio

v. Firenze v. Firenze v. Firenze

v. Firenze

SENSO DI MARCIA VEICOLARE

PUBLIC TRASPORTO PUBBLICO SENSO DI MARCIA VEICOLARE CICLABILE PERCORSI E SPAZI PEDONALI TRANSPORT SENSO DI MARCIA VEICOLARE PERCORSI E SPAZI PEDONALI TRASPORTO PUBBLICO PERCORSI E SPAZI PEDONALI SENSO DI MARCIA VEICOLARE DIRECTION

OF CAR TRAFFIC PERCORSI E SPAZI PEDONALI PATHWAYS AND PEDESTRIAN AREAS

v. Pasubio

v. Brescia

parma

studio delle ombre

v. Brescia

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECT

E C C

B G

IMPLEMENTATION PLAN IN FORCE

B: “URBAN SQUARE” Space for meeting and commercial relations connected to “Piazza Teatro / Theatre Square” behind Lenz, until “Giardino Condiviso/ Shared Garden” and past Via Rastelli until the urban green area.

D: RECREATIONAL AND SPORT ACTIVITIES Construction on the upper part of the lot to allow the creation of green scenery overlooking “green road.”

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / WIND SPEED / 23.07.2013 - H 11:00

TEAM PARMA 1 / Costanza Barbieri - Parma Municipality public officer, Luca Boccacci - architect, Giulia Ceribelli - landscape designer, Giulia D’Ambrosio -

LAWN

SIDEWALK

v. Bologna v. Bolov.gnBo a logna

v. Bologna

v. Chiesi v. Chiesiv. Chiesi

v. Chiesi

STREET

NEW STREET SECTION VIA RASTELLI

EX POST

v. Rastelli v. Rastelli v. Rastelli

C: “THE MEADOW” Areas currently not used, thus requiring construction only to close off Via Rastelli, guaranteeing and improving permeability for wind.

VARIATION PROPOSAL

The ex-ante map shows EX ANTE average values greater than 1.10 m/s ‘light breeze,’ with localized turbulence and episodes of Venturi effect, in the main square. The design solution is very effective: it can homogenize and improve the changing wind, eliminating peak areas and conditions of obvious discomfort.

NEW MOBILITY NETWORK

ore 18:00 ore 18:00

ore 16:00

ore 18:00

architect, Francesco Fulvi - engineer, Roberto Guizzardi - engineer, Elena Lazzari - urban planner, Christian Manfrini - architect, Martina Mazzali - architect,

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / PMV (PREDICTED MEAN VOTE) / 23.07.2013 - H 11:00 The PMV index expresses the EX ANTE opinion of individuals on thermal comfort in a given microclimatic condition. The ex-ante map presents a homogenous situation, with values greater than 3.5 ‘very, very hot.’ The project map shows a widespread improvement and a greater variability of values that move from ‘hot’ to ‘slightly hot.’

ore 18:00

Pier Vittorio Miola - agronomist, Barbara Negroni agronomist, Vanessa Passalacqua - architect, Bianca Pelizza - Parma Municipality public officer,

PARMA PASUBIO DISTRICT / 1

BIKE PATH

NEW STREET SECTION VIA PALERMO

ore 16:00 ore 16:00

ore 16:00

EQUIPPED SIDEWALK

EX POST

Paolo Pinto - engineer, Laura Punzo - Emilia-Romagna Regione public officer, Luca Vandini - landscape designer.

PROJECT STUDY AREA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

studio delle ombre

SEDIME EDIFICATO

ore 13:00

studiostudio delle ombre studio delle delle ombre ombre

ore 09:00

parma parma parma parma

LOTTI

A: “EX-MANZINI SQUARE” Private space with public use, with green scenery and socializing spaces.

ore 13:00 18:00

v. Palermo ore 13:00 ore 13:00

v. Trento

ore ore 09:00 16:00

ore 09:00 ore 09:00

v. Rastelli

v. Palermo

v. Trento v. Trento v. Trento

v. Palermo

GREEN AND BLUE INFRASTRUCTURE AND ECOLOGY FOR THE LIVABILITY OF THE DISTRICT PARMA POLIS PROJECT renegotiating the Urban Renovation Program (PRU) to obtain additional vacant lots compared to the plan’s expectations in order to improve urban comfort, the microclimate, and the general livability and sociability of the district. In particular, the proposal decreases the building capacity and relocates the commercial areas. The main action of the urban regeneration is the increase of vegetation for improving thermal-igrometric comfort and reducing fine particles, avoiding, however, plants that release VOCs and OFP. The project will implement a de-sealing action to create floodable ditches for rainwater collection, with hygrophilous plants that can resist dry summers.

Orto Frutteto

5400 mq

600 mq

Albero Singolo 5mx5mx60

Pergolato

1500 mq

Muro Verde

15mx7,5mx8

Giardini della Pioggia

900 mq

3500 mq

Verde Tapezzante

750 mq

1200 mq

5m h 20/25 meters

LARGE TREES: - quercus robur (English oak) - fraxinus angustifolia - quercus rubra (red oak) - quercus palustris - poplar - salix

Sistema Verde Sport Mercato Cultura

SCHEMA STRATEGICO DI ASSETTO PROGETTUALE

RIGENERAZIONE

funzioni da riattivare

San Leonardo di tutti

Conferma degli usi ammessi

PRIVATE / PUBLIC

raingardens: dispersion + overflow that collect and deliver in a separate line > reuse for private (irrigation) or public use (road wash, irrigation of green areas, recreational activities, refreshment)

detention basin in the garden connected to un underground cistern

SHRUBS: - salix porpurea nana - cornus stolonifera ‘flaviraminea’

mate, and general livability and sociability of the district. proposal summary: - decrease construction capacity of the plan; -reduce social housing quota; -modify parking areas; -confirm permitted uses; - redistribute functions in unused existing buildings.

5 meters

RAINWATER TREATMENT

SPINA

funzioni da riattivare FUNZIONI CULTURALI ARTISTICHE FUNZIONI COMMERCIALI WO PASUBIO FUNZIONI CULTURALI AGGREGATIVE INCUBATORE DI IMPRESA

VERDE PUBBLICO VERDE PRIVATO

REGENERATION STRATEGY AND PROPOSAL TO CHANGE ONGOING URBAN INSTRUMENTS

AXIS: FUNCTIONS TO BE REACTIVATED

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / WIND SPEED / 23.07.2013 - H 11:00

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / PMV (PREDICTED MEAN VOTE) / 23.07.2013 - H 11:00

Ridistribuzione delle funzioni negli edifici presenti, non utilizzati

The ex-ante map shows EX ANTE average values greater than 1.10 m/s ‘light breeze,’ with localized turbulence and episodes of Venturi effect, in the main square. The plan shows a more homogenous distribution of wind speed that favors the creation of a north-south wind corridor, eliminating conditions of obvious discomfort. Team Parma 2 / Giulia Angelelli - Emilia-Romagna Region offices, Maria Teresa Araldi - architect, Rodolfo Bonora - agronomist, Laura Cevenini - agronomist,

EX POST

Nicoletta Congiu - architect, Lorenzo Bergamini designer, Germana De Michelis - urban designer, Luca Filippi - architect, Valentina Guagliardi - architect,

Troppo pieno

viburno minus

SINGLE TREE BOX that the plan expired and was not entirely implemented, we can consider initiating ad hoc procedures that deal with the current critical situation. The renegotiation of the Urban Renovation Program with the developer is meant to obtain additional vacant lots compared to the plan’s expectations in order to allocate more public space where to improve urban comfort, the microcli-

Vasche accumulo acque meteoriche

acero monspessolanum nyssa sylvatica parrotia persica

GREEN MASS BOX WITH HIGH URBAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL REGENERATION The revitalization of the area is made feasible by renegotiating the Urban Renovation Program with the privatePR POLIS stakeholder. The current situation of the area proves that the plan did PROPOSTA DI MODIFICA not respond well to the needs AGLI STRUMENTI URBANISTICI of the district. Therefore, taking advantage of the ecoDiminuzione capacità edificatoria di Piano nomic crisis that blocked the Diminuzione quota ERP housing market and thus conRimodulazione parcheggi struction, as well as the fact

Giardini della Pioggia

20 cm

25 meters 25 meters

Captazione acque meteoriche

PRIVATE

LAYOUT 3 METERS 3X3 16 LARGE TREES

25 meters

Vasche acqua

BLUE INFRASTRUCTURE

GREEN MASS BOX 25X25METERS GROSS FLOOR AREA 40SQM

ACQUA/PIOGGIA

3500 mq

GREEN AND BLUE INFRASTRUCTURE

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

150mx5m

RIGENERAZIONE

SCHEMA STRATEGICO DI ASSETTO PROGETTUALE

Cella Bosco 30mx30mx6

SISTEMA VERDE

Maria Grazia Lenato - architect, Caterina Michelini landscape architect, Enrico Reatti - engineer, Giulia Reatti - architect, Daniela Rossi - officer Municipality

COLLEGAMENTI

CARRABILE PEDONALE

FUNCTIONS, GREEN AND CONNECTIONS

PUBLIC AND PRIVATE GREEN

The PMV index expresses the EX ANTE opinion of individuals on thermal comfort in a given microclimatic condition. The ex-ante map presents a homogenous situation, with values greater than 3.5 ‘very, very hot.’ In the project, the average index stays equal to 3 ‘very hot,’ except for the square where there is a notable improvement to 1.8 ‘hot.’

PARMA PASUBIO DISTRICT / 2

3 b

SCHEMA STRATEGICO DI ASSETTO PROGETTUALE

AZIONI RESILIENZA CONFORT QUALITA’

SISTEMA VERDE

RIGENERAZIONE

AZIONI RESILIENZA CONFORT QUALITA’

b b

RIGENERAZIONE

EX POST

of Parma, Patrizia Rota - urban planner, Silvia Settimj architect, Natascia Tassinari - landscape architect.

PROJECT STUDY AREA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

AZIONI RESILIENZA CONFORT QUALITA’

The proposal aims to regenerate the district starting with the re-use, re-functioning, and recovery of large buildings that characterize the backbone of the area. The implied objective is to regenerate the site, putting people that live there at the center of the process and guaranteeing integration between different cultures, generations, and social classes by redefining the present functions and the maintenance of the infrastructure of public spaces and greenery to increase urban resilience and open areas livability. Therefore the green infrastructure is a fundamental element for reconnecting the three functional poles of the district and the district itself with the surrounding urban areas. The revitalization of the area is considered feasible by

LARGE MARKETS AND PARKING AREAS OF THE HISTORICAL CENTER / STUDY AREA AND DESIGN OBJECTIVES The market areas are located southeast of the historical center of Rimini, inside and up to the city walls, between the Roman amphitheater, the Malatesta temple, the covered market, and Ausa Park. They are easily reached from the station; from the operational transportation center of the local population (START); from the bike and pedestrian path that connects the historical center to the seaside; from the parking lots of DLF (the Railway Recreational Club) and the Settebello Cinema; from Via Roma, the main thoroughfare that passes by the historical center carrying traffic along the coast; and from the highway toll of Rimini South. Parking lots serving downtown contain 756 parking spots and will become 1,000 as soon as expansion of the train station parking is completed.

The current grounds of Piazza Gramsci belong to the state and are being used by the City, which started the process of acquisition some time ago; a public parking lot was created on the site, and recently the weekly market was moved there in light of the construction work on Teatro Galli and restoration of Piazza Malatesta. The open spaces are essentially three urban plots for parking, large asphalted surfaces encircling the roman theater. In addition, there are inner roads that connect the district, characterized by small houses from the turn of the century that extend up to the ancient riverbed. The green spaces are located mainly in the southern part, beside Ausa Park and the roman amphitheater and around the school grounds, the yards of historical homes, and Viale Roma.

5 4

1 PIAZZA GRAMSCI - PARKING AREA 2 EX-PADANE PARKING AREA 3 DLF (RAILWAY RECREATIONAL CLUB) PARKING AREA 4 PARKING AREA CINEMA SETTEBELLO 5 VIALE ROMA 6 SWISS NURSERY - ROMAN AMPHITHEATER ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE 7 PANZINI SCHOOL 8 SANTA RITA CHURCH 9 AUSA LINEAR PARK 10 COVERED MARKET 11 MALATESTA TEMPLE 12 ARCH OF AUGUSTUS 13 TRAIN STATION

6 1O 11

SIMULATION AREA PROJECT SITE / AREA OF INTEREST PUBLIC MOBILITY ROUTE (BUS) ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE CITY-SEASIDE BIKE NETWORK

ENVI-MET SIMULATIONS

AIR TEMPERATURE / 23.07.2013 - H 11:00

STUDY AREA CITY CENTER URBAN PARK TRAIN STATION ROAD NETWORK RAILWAY MARECCHIA RIVER ADRIATIC SEA

The output results of the ex-ante status are compared to the thermal comfort of the ex-post status, which takes the different design choices into consideration. In the area of Rimini, there are open spaces of considerable size designated to squares and asphalted parking, and they contain few trees. The built environment is characterized by an urban fabric of two- or three-story houses that are typical of the garden city. Some large buildings are also present (schools, cinemas, and churches).

ROMAN AMPHITHEATER

RIMINI CITY CENTER

AUSA LINEAR PARK

The isolines allow one to understand the distribution of the air temperature in °C, in the open spaces and near buildings, a value that affects the direct thermal exchange between the human body and the environment. The ex-ante map of thermal comfort shows that the values are between 26°C and 30°C in most open areas, with largely varying values and ‘pockets of hot air.’ The areas of greater discomfort in which the discomfort of the people is high due to excessive heat, are in Piazza Gramsci and the parking lots of the ex Padane and Settebello Cinema. DLF (RAILWAY RECREATIONAL CLUB) PARKING

EX-PADANE PARKING AREA

STUDY AREA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

LIVABLE PUBLIC SPACE AND URBAN GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE THE FOUR Ps OF URBAN COMFORT Public spaces and urban comfort are at the center of the regeneration project of the large market areas, as well as the enhancement of historical and identity symbols of this portion of city center: the amphitheater, the walls, the port, and the decumano road. The public city guides the transformation starting with four themes and locations, reimagined to be people-friendly and for the wellbeing of residents; PORTA (door), PIAZZA (square); PARCO (park), and PERCORSI (paths). 1. The creation of an entryway – PORTA - to the historical city is structured by: the design of the railway area/Settebello as intermodal public and private access with cultural and commercial functions, the design of the ex-Padane area as a multifunctional space with permanent and temporary (market) activities, the

improvement of connections between various places, and the reunification of spaces through green paths. 2. PIAZZA Gramsci will become a multifunctional space for itinerant trade, with both recreational activities for educational services, and a function of urban square that offers the possibility of economic and social development and contributes to the renovation of pedestrian paths. The pedestrianization and elimination of parking is possible with the expansion of the railway/ Settebello area. 3. PARCO will be completed through a system of linear green spaces along the Ausa River. 4. PERCORSI paths foster relations between identified strategic locations, through bike and pedestrian ways conveniently protected by natural elements.

PIAZZA GRAMSCI: EXISTING SITUATION AND DESIGN STRATEGIES commercial activites on the groundfloor along the square

trees in grid and playground for schools

multifunctional Shed B

B’

A’

THE REGENERATION OF PIAZZA SANTA RITA C

water and mist fountains

THE (UN)COVERED MARKET

permeable materials

grass green parking lot

C’

ENHANCEMENT OF PUBLIC SPACES AND GREEN STRATEGY

WATER GAMES AND URBAN COMFORT

SECTION HYSTORICAL PATHWAY (A-A’)

SECTION GREEN AXIS, SQUARE AND FOUNTAIN (C-C’)

SECTION RESIDENTIAL PATHWAY (B-B’)

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / WIND SPEED / 23.07.2013 - H 11:00 The ex-ante map shows EX ANTE values between 0.2 m/s ‘almost still air’ and 1.6 m/s ‘light breeze,’ except rare cases of turbulence near buildings. The results of the project show a different distribution and greater concentration of wind speed in the areas to the northeast, where green areas and trees are planned.

SQUADRA RIMINI 1 / Giuseppe Anastasi - landscape designer, Sara Angelini - landscape designer, Monica Margherita Assunto - officer Municipality of Rimini,

PARKING AREA

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / PMV (PREDICTED MEAN VOTE) / 23.07.2013 - H 11:00 EX POST

Daniela Brighi - engineer, Cecilia Carattoni - architect, Eva Cerri - engineer, Marialuisa Cipriani - landscape architect, Luca Cruciat - architect, Chiara Dal Piaz

The PMV index expresses the opinion of individuals regarding thermal comfort in a given microclimatic condition. The map of the project shows an improvement for the ex-Padane area and the DLF parking where it moves from ‘very, very hot’ to ‘slightly hot.

EX ANTE

- officer Municipality of Rimini, Annamaria Fabbri - engineer, Francesca Gennari - engineer, Claudio Masini - architect, Barbara Nerozzi - Emilia-Romagna

RIMINI CITY CENTER / 1

EX POST

Region public officer, Giovanni Poletti - agronomist, Alessandro Pracucci - architect, Chiara Semprini Cesari - architect.

PROJECT STUDY AREA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

THE HISTORICAL CITY BETWEEN IDENTITY AND URBAN RESILIENCE RES: RIMINI ENVIROMENTAL STRATEGY The design strategy is based on re-naturalization of the urban environment, enhancement of historical and cultural identity of the city center, resilience of the district system, restitution of public spaces to the community and participation as a paradigm for the construction of the project, and management of collective works. The specific objectives are declined on the issues of environmental, social and economic sustainability. The reduction of parking spaces and creation of underground parking helps expand the public space, the network of bike and pedestrian paths, and commercial spaces, with the introduction of new equipped and shaded rest areas. The project studies every detail of the integrated solutions of

urban green space and water treatment to improve the resilience of the district to extreme weather. There will be detention basins, rain gardens, and a rainwater collection system made with drainage modules for trees, connected to the sewage system in order to carry the excess drainage to the detention basins. Additional proposed actions includes green barriers to contain sound and purify the air, removal of coniferous trees to be replaced with broad-leaved trees, thus creating new green infrastructure by replacing the tree lanes with an east-west orientation, towards the dominant winds to mitigate the Venturi effect. The use of partially permeable materials is preferred and de-paving and permeable surface expansion operations are planned.

LINES OF TREES GROUP OF TREES LAWN WIND

SCHEME OF GREEN AND WIND SYSTEM

RETENTION BASIN WATER NETWORK

MASTER PLAN AND STRATEGY FOR PUBLIC SPACES REGENERATION

WATER NETWORK SCHEME

Vasche di laminazione Sistema idrico

RETE IDRICA

HISTORICAL WALLS

GREEN DEPRESSIONS FOR TEMPORARY WATER STORAGE

AUSA PARK

CONNECTION TO THE SEWAGE SYSTEM FOR HYDRAULIC INVARIANCE

PROJECT FOR PIAZZA GRAMSCI

PROJECT FOR PIAZZA EX-PADANE

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / WIND SPEED / 23.07.2013 - H 11:00 The ex-ante map shows values between 0.2 m/s ‘almost still air’ and 1.6 m/s ‘light breeze,’ except rare cases of turbulence near buildings. The design solution displays a distribution that is lower than the current state and more homogenous, with a reduction of the wind speed by around 0.5 m/s in open spaces.

EX ANTE

TEAM RIMINI 2 / Nicola Bastianelli - Municipality of Rimini public servant, Adriano Bergamaschi - EmiliaRomagna Region public servant, Cinzia Casadei - urban

CONCEPT

DRAINAGE MODULE FOR TREES

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / PMV (PREDICTED MEAN VOTE) / 23.07.2013 - H 11:00 EX POST

designer, Natascia Casadei - urban planner, Enrico Di Felice - agronomist, Nicoletta Franchini - architect, Paolo Gueltrini - agronomist,

The PMV index expresses the opinion of individuals regarding thermal comfort in a given microclimatic condition. The design solution displays a distribution that is lower than the current state and more homogenous, with a reduction of the wind speed by around 0.5 m/s in open spaces.

EX ANTE

Ilaria Guidalotti - engineer, Davide Lupini - architect, Marco Marcucci - architect, Nicolina Masiello landscape designer, Claudia Morri - landscape

RIMINI CITY CENTER / 2

EX POST

designer, Nedo Pivi - architect, Cecilia Rendina architect, Giorgio Roffi - designer, Claudia Trevisan urban designer.

PROJECT STUDY AREA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

LIGHT INDUSTRIAL DISTRICT OF VIA CASELLE AND VIA SPERANZA / STUDY AREA AND DESIGN OBJECTIVES The light industrial area of via Caselle-Speranza was built in the 60s and 70s with varied functions of production and residence and neglected buildings. The district, part of the regeneration sites of the City Urban Plan, lacks of facilities and is characterized by an urban fabric structured in a grid system where public space coincides substantially with the roads. The area is characterized by a compact built environment inserted into a standard geometric grid that follows the structure of the land properties. The result is an extremely fragmented morphological and land ownership structure, started with the intention to optimize the space where to establish light industrial and handcrafted activities. The artisan warehouses, many of which are abandoned, present a

good state of preservation but poor architectural quality. Because of its strategic position, the presence of unused buildings, and its vicinity to the future Alce Nero Campus, the ex-artisan area lends itself to both reuse experiments (in terms of environmental sustainability and energy saving through the reconversion of neglected buildings) and as a location that could welcome varying degrees of construction potential, as well as experimental social and economic innovation (temporary uses, creative industries, coworking, artist-in-residence programmes and lofts). Vegetation, or more generally the surfaces intended for greenery, is extremely poor, except for the areas undergoing renovation projects with land-use transformations from commercial to residential.

11 2 D B

1 TRAIN STATION 2 SAVENA RIVERSIDE AREA 3 ALCE NERO CAMPUS 4 VACANT AND WILD LAND 5 EUROPA PARK 6 SCHOOL COMPLEX 7 AUDIOVISUAL LIBRARY 8 ‘ITIS MAJORANA’ TECHNICAL SCHOOL 9 BEACH ARENA 10 BOWLING 11 SUPERMARKET 12 GYM

C 3

4 B

A 9 8 6

13 ‘PALASAVENA’ SPORT COMPLEX 14 ‘PRIMO SPORT 0246’ PARK 15 ‘WASTE’ MOUNTAIN A VIA CASELLE B VIA SPERANZA C VIA COMMENDA D VIA CA’ RICCHI

STUDY AREA CITY CENTER RIVERSIDE PARK TRAIN STATION ROAD NETWORK RAILWAY SAVENA TORRENT

14 7

SIMULATION AREA PROJECT SITE / AREA OF INTEREST PUBLIC MOBILITY ROUTE (BUS) BIKE NETWORK

ENVI-MET SIMULATIONS

AIR TEMPERATURE / 24.06.2017 - H 14:00

VIA COMMENDA

The output results of the ex-ante status are compared to the thermal comfort of the ex-post status, which takes the different design choices into consideration. The area of San Lazzaro di Savena presents an extremely dense and compact urban fabric. If the roads are excluded, there are few public and open spaces of considerable size (the waterproof surfaces make up around 90 percent of the local land); additionally, the presence of numerous trees in the green area along the Savena creek risked disturbing the calculations.

VIA CASELLE

The isolines allow one to understand the distribution of the air temperature in °C, in the open spaces and near buildings, a value that affects the direct thermal exchange between the human body and the environment. The map shows that the temperature values are between 33°C and 37°C in most open area. The areas in fuchsia represent the areas with a higher temperature that can be considered ‘pockets of hot air.’ The west zone has a lower temperature thanks to the ‘cooling’ effect of the vegetation and the Savena creek.

GREEN AREA ALONG THE SAVENA TORRENT

SAN LAZZARO LIGHT INDUSTRIAL DISTRICT

DRIVERS AND NEW FUNCTIONS

STUDY AREA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

TEMPORARY USE AND NEW ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS FOR REGENERATING THE ARTISAN DISTRICT IN SAN LAZZARO and functional value (aimed at integrating shared spaces where to work, live and/or host creative and artistic activities). The blue infrastructure is planned following a progressive disconnection from the pre-existing sewage system by favoring local infiltration and, where possible, reusing water for nondrinkable purposes. The road sections are redesigned in order to carry rainwater to specific infiltrating wells; the areas intended for parking are made permeable and equipped with rain gardens of various size while the public green areas function as temporary detention basins. The rows of trees are the main element of green infrastructure. Placed south of the roads to obtain maximum environmental comfort, they trace and highlight the existing paths.

4.0 0 4.00

4.50

4.00

4.50

4 .0 3.50 4.0

4.50

4.00

4.0 0 4. 00

4.0 0

4 .5

4.004.504.00

4.00

50 3.

4.5 0 3.50 4.00 4.00 3.50

4. 0 0 3.50

4.50

4.00 4. 50

4.00

4.50

4.00

4.0 0

00 4.50

4.00

4.0 0

4. 00 4.00

50 3.

4. 00 4 .0

4.00 4. 00 4. 00 4.00

4.00

4. 50

4.50 4.0 0 4.50 4.00

4 .0

4.004.504.00

4.00

4.00 4. 00 4. 00 4.00

4.00

4.0 0

4.00

4 .0

4.00

4. 00

4.50

4.00

4. 0

4 .0 0 4. 0

4.0 0 0

4.0 0

4.50

4.50 4.0 4. 0 0 0 4. 00 4 .0 0

0 4. 00

4. 5

4 .0

3.50 4.00 4 .0

4 .0

4.00

4.300 .5 0

4.00

4.00 4.50

4.00

4.00 4. 0 40.0 0 4.00

4.0 0 4. 00

4.00

0 4. 0

4.0 0

4.50 4.0 4 .0 0 0 4. 00 4 .0 0

0 4. 00

4 .5

4.0 0

4.50 4. 00

4 .5 0 4.004.50 4.00

4.50 4 .0 0 4. 00 4.0 0

4 .0

4.00

4.50

4.0 0

4.00

4.00 4.50

4.00

3 .5 0

4. 00 4.50

0 4 .0

4.50

4 .0 4.00 0

3. 50

0 4. 5

0 4.00 4. 50 4.00 4.00

4.00

4.50

4.00

4. 5

4.00

4.50

4.00

. 00

4.50 4

4.00

4 . 0 4.504.00 0

4 .0

4.0 0

4 .0 40.0

4.00

4.50

4.0 0

4 .0

4.00

4.0 0

3.50

4. 0 0 4.00 3.50

4.50 4.00 4.00 4. 0 0 4. 00

4. 0

3.50

4 .0 0 4.00 3.50

4. 50

4.50

4.00

4. 4.00

4.00 4.50

4.00

4. 00

4 .0

4 .5 0

4.00 4.50 0

4.0 0 4.50 4.00

. 00

4. 0

4. 00

4.00

4.0 04

4.50

4.00

4. 50

4.00 0

4.003.50

4.00

4. 0 4. 0 4.00 50 4.00 4.00

4.00 4.50 4.50

4. 50

4 .0

4.5 0

4.00

4.0 0

4.5 0

4.00

0 4 .0

4 .0 4. 0 50 4.00

4 .0 4. 00 0

0 4 .0

4.50

4.00

4 .0 4.00 0

4.0 0 4.00

4.0 0 4.50

4.00

4. 0

4.0 0 0 4.50

3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00

3. 50

4.00

4 .0

4.00

4. 5

0 4. 0

4.00

4 .0 0 3 .5 4.50

4.00 4.00

4. 0

4.00

4.50

4.0 0

3.50

4.50

4 .0 4 .0 0 0 4.00

4 .0

4.50

4. 5 4.00

4 .5 0

4.00

3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00

4. 50 3.50 4.00

4.00

4.00 3.50

4 .5 0

4.4.50 00 4.50 4.0 0

4.00

4. 0 0 4 .0

4 .5

0 3.50 4.00 4 .0

4.00

4.50

4. 00

4.0 0

4.00

4.00 4. 0 40.0 0 4.00

4 .0

3 .5 4. 0 0 0

4 .0

4.0 0

4. 0 40.0

4. 0

4 . 0 4.504.0 0 0

4.0 0 4.50

4.50

Flow v 0.60 m/s 1.20<Right m/s foot> 1.80 m/s 2.40 m/s 3.00 m/s

4.00 4.50

4.0 0 4.50 4.00

0 4. 0

4.00 4.50 4.50

< 3.01 3.21 3.41 3.61 Flow v 3.81 0.60 m/s 4.01 1.20 m/s 4.21 1.80 m/s 2.40 m/s 4.41 3.00 m/s 4.61 > 4.81 Min: 2.87 Max: 4.90

4.00

4 .5 0

4. 00 4. 00

3.00 3.00

4. 0

4.00

4.0 0

4 .5 0

4.0 0

4. 50

4.00

4. 0 4.00

4.50 4 .5

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

< 3.01 3.21 3.41 3.61 3.81 4.01 4.21 4.41 4.61 PMV > 4.81 Min: 2.87 Max: 4.90

4.00

4. 5

0 4. 0

.0 0 4 .5

4.00

4. 0

4.00

4. 50

4. 0

4 .0

4. 0

.0 0

4.00 4. 0 4.50 0

4.00 4.0 0

4 .0

4.00

4.50

4.00 4.50

4.50

4.00

4.00 4.00

4.004 .0

SanLazR3 14:00 24.06.2017

0 4 . 04 . 0 0

3. 5

4 .5 0

4 00 4.4 .0 0

4.0 0

3.50

4 .0

4. 0

4.00

4.50

X0 (m). 00

4.50

4.00

4.50

03.50

3.50 4.00 4.00

4 .0 0 4. 0 0 0 . 40

4.00

4. 0

4.50

4. 0

3 .5 0

0 4.

3.50 4.50

4 .5 04 .0

4.0 0

0 4. 5 00 4.

4.5 0

4.00 4.00

4.00 4 .0 0 4 . 4 . 0 5 0 4.00 0 4.00

4. 0

4 .0

4.00

0 4. 0

3.50

4.0 0

4. 00 4.00 3 .54.0 0 0

4.50

4 .0

4.00

4.50 4.5 0 4.0

4.00

4.50

4.0 0

4. 00

3 .5 4. 00

4 .5

4 .0

4.00 3.50

0 4 .04.00 4.50

4.0 0 4.0 0

4.50 4 .0 0

4.00

.0 0

4.00

4.0 04

4.00

50 4. 00

4.5 0

0 4. 0 4. 0

4.00

4.00 .0 0 4.004. 00 04.5044.00

4.0 0

4. 00

4 .0

4.5 0

4 .5 0

4. 5

4.00

4.50

4.00

4.5 0 4. 0

4.50

4.00

4.50

4. 5

4. 0

. 00

4. 50

4.5 0 4. 50

4. 0

3.00

4.00

4.00 4.5 0

4.50

4.00

. 00 4 .04 0

4 .5 0

4. 00

4.00

4. 0

0 4.5 0

4.00

4.50 4 .5

4. 0

0 0 4 .0 4 .0 4.00 .0 0 3 43.00 . 5 3.00 0

4.00

4. 00

3.00

4 .0 0

4 .0

4.00

4 .0

4.00

.0 0

4.50 4.50

4.0 0 4 .0

4.00 0 4. 0 . 00

4.00 4.0 4.00 0 0 0 4. 00 4 .0 50

4.00 4.50

4.00

4.50

4 .0

4. 5 . 00 40

4.00 4.50

0 4 .0 4 .0 4.0 0 0 4.50 4.00 4.504.00 4 . 0 4.00 0 3.5 0

4.00

4.50 4.5 4.0 0

4.0 0

4.50

3.00

4.00

4. 00 4. 0

4.004 .0

4. 0

0 4 .0

4. 00

4.00

4. 00 4. 4. 00

4. 0

4.00

0 50 4 .0 4 . 4 ..0500 4

4. 50

4.0 0

4.00

4. 00

PMV

4.50

4.00 4.50

.0 4 .04 0

4.00

4.0 0

4 .0

4. 5

4.0 0

4 .0

4.00 4.50

4 .0 0

4.00

4.50

4. 0

.0 0

3.004 .0 0

3.00

4.00 3.50

4 .5

4.0 0

4. 00 4 .0 0

3.50

0 4. 00

3.00 4.00 3.00 3.50

4.00 4.50

4. 0

4.50

3.50 4.00 4.00

4.50 4. 0 0

4.50 4.50

4 .5 .0 0 40

4.00 .0 0

4.00 0 4. 5

4.00

3.00

00 4.00

00 4. 00 4.4. 00

4.00

4. 00 4.5 4. 00

4.00

Y (m)

4.50

4.00

4.0 0

4 .5

4.0 0

0 50 4 .0 4 . 4 .0 0

4.00

4.00 4.00

4 .0 0

4.50

4.00

4.0 0

4. 0

4. 00

4.50

4.0 0 4 .0

4. 00

4.0 0 4

3.50 4.00 4.504.00 4 .0 0

4.00 4.00

4 .0 0 00 43.4.00 .5 0 4. 00

4. 5

4.50

0 4 .0 4.50 4 .0

0 4. 4 .000 4.50 0 4.50 0 4. 0 4 . 0 4.00 0 0 . 4

4. 0

4.00

4 .0

4.004 .5 4.00

4 .5

4. 00

4.00

4 .0

4. 00

4 .0 0

0 4.50

3.50

0 4.0 0

4.00 3.50

0 4 .5 00 4.

4. 50

4.5 0 4.5 0

4. 5

4.00

4.50

43 4.00 .5 0 4.

4 .0

3.50

4 .0

00 4. 4. 00 4 .04.50 0 .0 0 4.00

4.00

4.504 .0

4.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 4 .0 0 0

4.00

0 4 .5 0 4 .0

4.0000

4.50

Y (m)

4.00

4 .0

4. 0

4.50

4.00

3 .5 0

4.50

.0 0

4 .5

4.50

4.00

0 4 .45.0 0

4.00

3 .5 0

4.00 3.5 0

0 4.0 0 4 .5

4. 0

4. 5

4 .5 0 4.00

4 .0 0 0 4. 00

4. 0 .0 0

4 .0 0

4.50

4.00

3.50 4.50

4.00 0 4 .5

3.50

4.00

4.50

.0 4.00

4.00

4. 0

4.0 0

4 .0

4.50

4 4. 00 4.50

4 .5

4 .0

4.00

03.50

00 4 .5 4 .0

4 .0

4.00

0 4 .0 4.50 4.00 4.50 4.00 4.00 0 4.00 4.0 4.00 4. 00 4.50 4. 00 4. 00 4.50

4. 0

4.00

4. 00 4.00

4.00 0

4.00 3.50 50

4.00 4 .0 0 4 .5 4 .0 0 4.00 4.00 4.00 0 4.00

4.0 0

4.004.00

4.0 0

3.50

4.50

4 .0

4.00

4. 000 3 .5

4 .5

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

4.00

4 .0

4.00

4 .0

4 .0 0 4.0 0 4.00

.0 4.00 4

4.0 0 3 .5

4 .5

run-off

SanLazR3 14:00 24.06.2017

4 .0

4. 00

4.00

4 .5

4. 0

4 .0

50.00

0 4. 0 4.50 4.00 4.5 0 4.00 4.00 4.00 4. 4.00 4. 00004.50 4. 00 4 .0 0 4.50

4.00

0.00

4.0 0

4 .0

4.50

4.00 4.50 4 .0 0 00

0.00

4.50

4.00

4.00 4.50 4 .0 0 0 .0

3.50

4 .5

4.00 4.50

3 .5 0

0 4 .5 04 .0 40.3.50 4 .0 0 4 .0 0 0 00 4. 4. 0

4 .0

4.50 4.00

4.00 00

4.00

0 4.

4 .0

4.50

4.0 0

4.50 4.00 4.00 4.50

4.50

0 3.50 4 .0

4.004.5

4 .0

0 4.

0 03 .5

4.00

Melandri - architect, Marcella Minelli - agronomist, Daniela Mongardi - engineer, Marco Nelli - agronomist, Michele Pasqui - Emilia-Romagna Region officer, Riccardo

4 .0

hydraulic engineer, Patrizio D’Errigo - planner, Carlotta Fabbri - landscape architect, Lorenzo Feltrin - S.Lazzaro Municipality, Giulia Fini - urban designer, Lorenzo

4.50

Squadra San Lazzaro 1 / Silvia Bernardi - mobility engineer, Simona Beolchi - ‘city maker’ planner, Fernanda Canino - S.Lazzaro Municipality, Sara Simona Cipolla -

0 03 .5

ENVI_met

4.00

X (m)

50.00

4.50

100.00 150.00 200.00 250.00 300.00 350.00 400.00 450.00 500.00 550.00

0 4.

4 .0

4.5 0

ENVI_met 4. 0

4.5 0

4 .0

4. 0

4.5 0

4 .5 0

4.00

4.50

4 .0 0 4.00

4.00

4 .5

4 .5 0

50.00 0 100.00 150.00 200.00 250.00 300.00 350.00 400.00 450.00 500.00 550.00 0

0.00

150.00 100.00

4.00 0 4.004.50 4 .0

3.50

4 . 0 4.00 0

3.50

4. 5

4.000

4. 0

4.00

4.00 4.004.50

4.50

4.00

50.00

4. 0

4 .0

0.00

4.00 4.00

4.00

0.00

4 .0

4.0 0

4.00

50.00

4. 4.00 0.00 00

200.00

100.00

4 .0

4.00

4. 0

ENVI_met

4.00

4 .0

Flow v 0.60<Right m/s foot> 1.20 m/s 1.80 m/s 2.40 m/s 3.00 m/s

4. 0

50.00 0

4. 0

0 4. 0

4.50 4.0 0 0 4 .0 4.00 4.50

150.00

4 .5

4.5 0

4.50

4.00

4.50

X (m)

4 .0

.0 0

100.00

4 .0

100.00 150.00 200.00 250.00 300.00 350.00 400.00 450.00 500.00 550.00

300.00 250.00

4 .0

4.00

4. 0

150.00

4 .0

50.00

350.00

4.00

0.00

200.00

0 4 .0 4.00 4.50 4 .0 0

0.00

200.00

0 4 . 00 0

4.00

50.00

250.00

4 .0 0

4.0 0

4.00 4.00 4.50

4.00

. 00

0 4 .0 4.00 4.50 4 .0 0

100.00

.0 0 4

4. 0

04 4. 0

4 .0 .0 0

4.50

300.00

4. 0

4 .0 . 0 0 40

250.00

400.00

4 .0 0

.0 0

4.00

150.00

34.34 °C 34.69 °C Flow v 35.04 °C 0.60 m/s 35.39 °C 1.20 m/s 35.74 °C 1.80 m/s 2.40 m/s 36.09 °C 3.00 m/s 36.44 °C > 36.79 °C Min: 33.35 °C Max: 36.90 °C

450.00

300.00

4.0 0

350.00

4. 0

4.00

200.00

4.50

350.00

4 .0

. 00

4 .0

4. 0

4.00

400.00

4.00

500.00

4.50 0 4.00

4.50

250.00

400.00 4.00

4 .0 0

0 4 .0

4 .0

4.00

300.00

550.00

4 .0

4. 5

350.00

450.00

3.50

< 33.64 °C 33.99 °C 34.34 °C 34.69 °C 35.04 °C 35.39 °C 35.74 °C 36.09 °C 36.44 Air °C Temperature > 36.79 °C < 33.64 °C Min: 33.35 °C Max: 36.90 °C 33.99 °C

4.50

4.5 0 4.00 4.00

500.00 450.00

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

400.00

4.00

500.00

3.50 4.50

550.00

SanLazR3 14:00 24.06.2017 Air Temperature

EX POST

3.50

450.00

The PMV index expresses EX ANTE the opinion of individuals regarding thermal comfort in a given microclimatic condition. The ex-ante map presents consistent and high values, greater than 4.5 ‘very, very hot.’ The project shows a slight improvement in the spaces where trees have been inserted, which does not allow mitigation of the heat island effect of the district.

social value economic value

4.50

4.00 4.00

. 00 . 00 4

4 .5

500.00

4.00

4.50 4.00

4.00

EX POST

temporality

4.50

550.00

Y (m)

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

3.50 4.50

The map illustrates the EX ANTE temperature distribution (color) and the wind direction and intensity (arrows). In its current state it shows values up to 3.0 m/s ‘light breeze,’ differing closer to buildings. The proposed solution is partially effective and allows a decrease in the intensity of the wind in specific points of the area.

SanLazR3 14:00 24.06.2017

550.00

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / PMV (PREDICTED MEAN VOTE) / 24.06.2017 - H 13:00

4.50

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / WIND SPEED / 24.06.2017 - H 14:00

4.50

STRATEGY FOR RE-USE AND TRANSFORMATION OF VIA COMMENDA

3.50

STRATEGY FOR URBAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE DISTRICT

functional mix

% vacant

run-off

social value economic value

4. 0

temporality

4.0 0 4.50

functional mix

4.50

% vacant

run-off

4 .0

social value economic value

4 .0 0 3 .5 4.50

temporality

Y (m)

functional mix

PHASE 2

3.50

% vacant

PHASE 1

4.50 4.0 0 4.00 4. 0 0

PHASE 0

5/ localized interventions for the improvement/regeneration of buildings and interstitial spaces

4. 0

4/ de-sealing interventions

4.00

3/ wew pedestrian paths heading north-South

STREET SECTION PROPOSAL FOR VIE SPERANZA - CA’RICCHI

2/ re-use of spaces with new functions compatible with the strategy

STREET SECTION PROPOSAL FOR VIA COMMENDA

3 .5

1/ public intervention on the road and opening of the fronts of private buildings/lots

INFRASTRUCTURE

4.00

MASTERPLAN, GREEN AND PUBLIC SPACES PROJECT

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

Urban regeneration of the artisan district takes shape through the renovation of the open spaces and incremental reuse of the existing buildings, taking advantage of the social and structural resources of the city. The project establishes its requirements on three key words that make up the guidelines for every phase of discussion and planning: flexibility, permeability, and wellbeing. Flexibility is the tool that’s been adopted so that the spaces of the district can in time adapt to the changing needs, thanks to urban tools provided with objectives and variable criteria. The concept of permeability is declined to the urban and local scale (with incentives for a progressive extension of the green areas and both public and private de-paving) with social value (through tools of participation to promote the reuse of neglected buildings)

100.00 150.00 200.00 250.00 300.00 350.00 400.00 450.00 500.00 550.00 X (m)

ENVI_met

Raimondi - near graduate Civil Engineer-Architecture University, Sebastiano Sarti - architect, Matteo Verzelloni landscape architect, Enrico Vincenzi - architect.

SAN LAZZARO LIGHT INDUSTRIAL DISTRICT / 1

PROJECT STUDY AREA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

PUBLIC SPACES AS DRIVERS FOR THE ARTISAN DISTRICT TRANSFORMATION E-COM ECO-DISTRICT station and the existing school complex; and horizontally, with the pedestrianization of Via Commenda and the connection to the Savena creek; and in a vertical direction to connect residential areas, schools, and the railway. A flooding basin takes the place of three warehouses of little value that will be demolished, serving as both a collection basin for rainwater running from the buildings, as well as storage for irrigation purposes, slowly releasing the water towards the Savena thanks to a lowering of the land along via Commenda. The private buildings can seek, through public competitions, incentives for specific rainwater collection and reuse systems and localized de-sealing operations. In front of the station, a warehouse will be converted into a multilevel park and ride with licensed management.

E-COM is an eco-district based on the key concepts of ecology, community, and mobility. A new school of high-level training for innovative craftsmanship, created through public provincial funding, encourages its renovation, becoming an identitycreating, attractive, and propulsive element of the district. The establishment of temporary uses and artisan or innovative service industry activities is encouraged through a public competition and by public-private compensation/budgetary agreements. The renovation is made sustainable by the green and blue urban infrastructures organized along bike and pedestrian paths that are newly designed or inserted into existing paths. This re-divides the profiles of the roads: diagonally, following the flow of the Savena creek and in the direction of the wind, connecting the

MASTER PLAN, GREEN AREAS AND PUBLIC SPACES PROJECT

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

BLU INFRASTRUCTURE

URBAN TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES

MOBILITY

STEP 1 E 2

Ecologia – Comunità - Mobilità

Processo

STEP 3

STEP 4

Processo

Ecologia – Comunità - Mobilità

1 anno

1.5 anni

2 anni

4 anni

VIA SPERANZA AND INNER ROAD NETWORKS

PARTICIPATION PROCESS: FROM THE LAUNCH AND ACTIVATION TO THE SPACES TRANSFORMATION

4.5 0

5.00 5. 00 5.00 5 .0 4.00 4.00 0 4.0 0 5 .0 0

4.50

4 .5

4.00

00 5. 5.00

0 .0

4. 0

3.50 4.00 4.50

4.50

4.00

4 5.00.5 0

4.00

4. 0

0 5.00

5.00 5. 00 5.00 5 .0 4.00 4.0 0 0 4.0 0 5 .0 0

4.00

5.00

4.50

5.0 0 4.00 5.00 5. 00

4. 0 43.50 .0 0

4. 00 5.00

4.0 0

0 5 .0

4. 0

4.00

4 .0

4.50

4. 0

4.00

43.50 .0 0

4.00

0 5. 050

5.00 4.00 5.00 5. 00

4 .45.0 00

4.5 0

0 4 .0

4.00 4.00

4.00 4. 00 4.00 44. . 500 40.0 0 4.0 0

4.00 4.00 4.50

4.4.00 00

4.00

0 4. 0 4.00

4.00

5.00

4 .0 0 4. 5. 00 0 0 4.00 5.00 5.00

4.00 4.00

4 .0

4.00

4 .0

4.00

4 .5 0 4.00 0 5.00

0 4.50 5.00 5 .0

4.00 4.00

4.00

0 4.50 5.00 5. 0

4.00

4.50 4.00 4.00 0

4 .0

4.00 4.50 5.00

4.00

4.50

4.00 4. 00 44.0 0 4.5.0 4.0 00 0 4.00

4.00

5.00

5. 0

5. 5.00 004.50 4.00

5.00

4.00

44.00 .54.00 0

4.00

5.00 5.00

4.00 4.00

4. 5 4. 0 04 . 0 0 0

5. 00 4.00

0 4.50

4. 0

43..50

5 .0 0 4.00 4.00

5.0 0

4.00

4 .0 0 4.00

4. 00 4 .5 0 5.00

5.00

4 .0

3.50 4. 0 4.00 0 3.50 3.50 4.00

3.50

4.00

3.50

4.50 4.0 0 4.50 4.00

4.0 0 5 .0 0

4.50

3.50 0

4. 5

4.00

4.50

4.00

5.00

5. 0

5. 5.00 00

44.0 .5 00

4 .5 4.00 0

4.00

04.00

4.00

4. 5 4.00 0

3.50 4.00 3.50 4.00

4. 5

0 4.50 4.00

0 4 .5

4. 4.50 00 4.00 4.50 44.00 4.0 0 .54.50 0

4.00

4 .5

44.0 . 5 00

0 4 .0

4.00 4.00 4.00 4 .0 0 4.50

.5 4 0 .0 0

4 .5 4 .0 04 .0 0 0

4. 0

4.00

4.00 4.50

4 .5

4.00

4.00 4.00 4.50 4.00 4. 00

4 .0 4.50 0

4.0 0 4.00 4.00 4 . 54.50 4.00 4.00

04.00

4 .0

3.50

4.00

050. 00 3.50 4.00 4.50

5.00 5.00

Flow v 0.60 m/s 1.20<Right m/s foot> 1.80 m/s 2.40 m/s 3.00 m/s

4 5.00.5 0

5.00 4.00

4.0 0

0 5. 0

00 5.00

4 .0 0 5 .0 0 4.00 5.00 5.00

5.00

4.00

4.00 4.50 5.00

4 .0

4. 00

4.00

4.00 4.00 4.50

4.00

44.00 . 54.00 0

4. 0 4.00

5. 00

44.00 . 50

4.50 4.00

0 4. 5

4.0 0 4.50

0 4.00

50 4. 0

3. 5

4.0 0 5 . 0 0 4.50

0 4. 5

4.00 4.0 4.00 0 4. 0 0 4.50

4.50 4.00

0 4.50

4 .0

4.00 4.50

3.50 4. 0 0

4. 0

0 4.00 4.04.00 0 4.50 4 .0 0 4

4.50

4 4.0 0 . 0 0 4.50 4.0 0 4.0 0 4.50 4.00 4.00

4.0 0 4.00

4 .0

44.0.0 0 0

4.00

4 .5

4.50

4.0 0

4.00 4.00 4.50

4. 5

4. 0

0 4. 0

4.00

4. 00

4. 0 4.50

0 4 .0

4.00

4.00 4.00

4.0 0 4.00

4.50

4 .0 0

4 .5

4.00

4 .0 4.500 4.00

4.5 0 4.0 0

4 .0

4. 4.50

4.0 0

4. 5

4. 0

0 4 .0

4 .0

4.50

4.0 0

00 4. 4.00

4.50 4 . 4.00

3.50

4 .0

4. 00

Y (m)

3.50

4.50

0 4. 0

4.50

050. 00 5. 3.50 4.00 4.50

5.00 5.00

4.0 0

4 5.00.5 0

4. 0

3.50 4.00 4.50

4.00

4 5.00.5 0

5.00 4.00

050. 00 5.

4. 0

0 4. 0 4.0 0

43.50 .0 0

4.00

5. 0

0 0 5 .0 0 4.00 5.00 5.00

4.00

4. 0

5.00

4.50

5.0 0 4.00 5.00 5. 00

5.00 5. 00 5.00 5 .0 4.00 4.0 0 0 4.0 0 5 .0 0

4.00

4.50

4 .0

4 . 54.0 00

4.00

00 5.00

4. 00

4.00

4.50

5.00

5.00 4.00 5.00 5. 00

4. 0

4.00

43.50 .0 0

4.00

5 .0

0 5.00 5.00

4. 00 5.00 5.00

4.00

4 .0

5.00

4. 0 4.500 4.00

4.5 0

0 4 .0 0 4. 5. 00 0 0 4.00 5.00 5.00

4.00

4.00 4.00 4.50

4.00

4.00 4.50 5.00

5.00 5. 00 5.00 5 .0 4.00 4.00 0 4.0 0 5 .0 0

4 .5

4.00

00 5. 4 .0

4. 0

4.4.00 00

4.00

4.00 . 0 0

4.00

0 4. 0 4.00

5. 00

4.50 4.00

4.0 0 4.50

44.00 . 50

4.00

0 4. 5

44.00 . 54.00 0

0 3. 5

4.0 0 5 . 0 0 4.50

4.50 4.00

4.00 4.0 4.00 0 4. 0 0 4.50

4.00

4. 0

4.5 0

4.00

4 .0 0 4.00

4.00 4. 00 44.0

.5 0 4 .0 4.0 0 00

4 .0

4.00

4.00 4.00

4 .0

4.00 4.00 4.50

4.00 4. 00 4.00 44. . 500 04.0 0 4.0 0

00 4.

4 .5 04.00 0 5.00

0 4.50 5.00 5 .0

4.00 4.00

4.00

44.00 .54.00 0

4.50 5.00 5. 0

4.00 4.00

4.50 4.00 4.00

4.00 4.50 5.00

4.00

5.00

4.00

4 .0

4.50

4.00

4.50

5 .0 0 4.00 4.00

5.0 0

4.00

4. 00 4 .5 0 5.00

4.00 4.00

4.00

4. 0 4.00

0 5. 0

5.00 5. 5.00 00 4.50 4.00

5.00

5. 00 4.00

0 4.50

4. 0

4 .30.5 00

4.00

5.00

5. 0 5.00

0 4 .0

3.50

4.00

3.50

4.50 4.0 0 4.50 4.00

4.0 0 5 .0 0

4.50

3.50 0

4. 5

5. 5.00 00

44.0 .5 00

4 .5 4.00 0

4.00

04.00

4 .5

4.00

4 .5

44.0 . 5 00

4. 5 4.00 0

3.50 4.00 3.50 4.00

4. 5

0 4.50 4.00

0 4 .5

4. 4.50 00 4.00 4.50 44.00 4.0 0 .54.50 0

4.00

4 .5 4 .0 04 .0 0 0

4. 0

4.00

4.00 4.50

0 4 .0

50 4 .0 0

4 .0

3.50

3.50 4. 0 4.00 3.50 4.00 0 3.50

4.50

4.00

4.00 4.00 4.00 4 .0 0 4.50

4. 0

0 .0 0 4.00 44.00 4.50 4 .0 0

4.50

4 .0

4.00 4.50

4.00 4.00 4.50 4.4.00 00

04.00

4.00 4.00 4.50

4. 5

4.50

0 4 .0

4.00

4 4.0 0 . 0 0 4.50 4.0 0 4.0 0 4.50 4.00 4.00

50 4. 0 0

4.50 4.00 4.00 4.00 5.00 4.00 5.00 5.00

5. 005 .0

4. 0

< 3.01 3.21 3.41 3.61 Flow v 3.81 0.60 m/s 4.01 1.20 m/s 4.21 1.80 m/s 2.40 m/s 4.41 3.00 m/s 4.61 > 4.81 Min: 3.13 Max: 5.21

5.00

3.50 4. 0 0

4.00

4. 00

4 .5

4.50

4 4.0 0 .0 0 4.50 4.00 4.00 4 . 5 4.50 4.00 4.00

4.0 0

4 .5

4 .0 0 4.00

4 .0

0 44.0.0 0 4.0 0 0

4.00

4. 0 4.50

0 4 .0

4.0 0 4.00

4.50

4.00

4 .0 4.500 4.00

4.5 0 4.0 0

4. 4. 0

4.50

4.0 0

4. 5

4. 5 4. 0 04 . 0 0 0

0 4 .0

4 .0 4.0 0

00 4. 4.00

4.50 4 . 4.00

3.50

4 .0

00 4.

4. 00

00 4.00 4.00

Y (m)

3.50

0 4. 0

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

4. 50

4.00

0 5.00

4.50

0 5.00

4.50

4.00

5.0 0

4. 5

4.00

3.50

4.00

4. 5

4.00

4.50

4.00

5.00

5.0 0 5.00

5.00 4.50

4.00

4.0 0

0 4.504 . 0

4.0 0

4.50

4.00

SanLazR3 14:00 24.06.2017

< 3.01 3.21 3.41 3.61 3.81 4.01 4.21 4.41 4.61 PMV > 4.81 Min: 3.13 Max: 5.21

5.00

4.50

4 .5 0

3.50

4. 0

5.00 0 4 .0

4 .4.00 5 04 . 0 00 4 .5

4.00

0 4. 5 4. 00 5.00

4.00 4.00 5.00 4.00 5.00 5.00 4.00

4. 0

4 .5

4. 5. 0 00 0 5. 0 4.00 0

4.0 0

5. 0

5.00

4.50

4. 5

4.00

4.50 4.00

4.00

5.00

4.50

0 4.0 0 4.004.5

00 5. 00 4.00 4.

4.00

4. 5

4.00 4 .0

4.50

4.5 0

4. 5

4.50

4 .0 0

4. 0

4.00

4. 5

5. 00

50 4 .4.00

4. 0

4.50

4.00

4.50 4.00 3.50 0 4 .0

4.50 4.00 4.00 4.00 5.00 4.00 5.00 5.00

4 .5

4.00

4. 00

4.00

4. 0

4 .5

0 5.00

4.00

5. 005 .0

4.00

4.50 4.00 3.50

5.00

4.50

5.00 0 4 .0

4 .5

4.0 0

4. 0 4.500 4.00

5.00

4.00

0 4 .5 4.0 0 5.00

4.00

4.00 4 . 0 4.00 4. 500

00 3.5 0

4 .0

4.50

0 4.0 3.50

4 .5

5.00

4.50

4.50 0

4. 0

4.503.50 4.

5 .0

4.00

5. 00

4.00

4.00 5.00 4.00 4.50 5.00

4 .5 4.00 04 .0 0 0 4 .5

4.00

5.00

4.50 4.00 3.50 0 4 .0

4.50

4 .0 0 4 .0

5.00

4. 00

4.0 0

4. 5

0 4 .5

5.0 0

4.50 4.00 3.50

0 4. 0 3.50

. 50

4. 5

4.00

0 3.50 4.504 .0

4.50 4.00

4. 0

4.50

4.0 0 4.0 0 0 4.50 .0 0 4.00 4. 5 4

5. 00 4.50

4. 0

3. 5

X (m)

4.00

4.0 0

4.50 4.00

4.0 0

4 .5 0

4.50

. 00

4 .0

4.50

44. 0.0 0 0

4.50

4 .0

4. 5 00 40.

. 00 5 .0 4.00 0

4.50

5.00

4 4.00 0 5.00 4.0 0 4.0 0 4.00 5. 00 4.50 5.00 5.00 5.00

4 .5

4.00

0 4. 5

4 .0

4.00 4.0 4.00 0 5

4. 0

4 .0

4.00

PMV

5 .0

4.0 0

4.00

.5 0 44.50 4.0 0 3.

5. 00

5 .0

4.00

5.00

0 4. 5

4 .0

4.504.50

4. 0

5.0 0

5.00

5.0 0

4.00 4 .0 4.00 0

4.00

Y (m)

4. 00

3.50 4 .0 03.5 0

4.00

4 .5

4.00 4.50

4 .5

0 4 .5 4.0 0 5. 00

4 .0

4.50 0

0 5.00

5.00 5.00

4 .5

4.00

0 4.0 0

4.00

4.004.50 5.00 5.0 0 0

4.50

4.00

4 .0

5 .0 0

4.50

4.00

4 .5

0 5.00

4 .0

4 .5 0 40.0

5. 0

3.50

4.0 0

4 .5 0

5.00 4.50

4 .5 00 5 .0

4.50

4 .0 4.00 0

5.00

4.50

4.0 0 0 4 .5

4.00

4 .5

4.00

4.50

4.0 0

4.50 4.00

4.50

0 5. 0

4.00 4.50 4.00 4. 00 5.00 4.50 5.00 4.00 4.00 5.00 5.00 4.00

4.50

4.00

00 5. 5. 00 00 4.00 4.

4.00

5.0 0 4.00

0 4.00 4 .5

4.50

4.00

4 .0

5.0 0

4 .0 0

5.00 4.0 0 4.50 5.00

4.0 0

4.00

4. 00 3.50

4.004.00

3 . 5 .5 0 04 4.00

4.50 4.00 4.50

4.00 5 .0 0

0 4 .5

4.00

.0 0 4 4.00

5.00

4 .5

4.004.50 5.00 5.0 0

4.0 0

4 .0

4.50

4 .5

4 .0

4.50 4.50 4.00

4. 5

4.00

4. 50

4. 5

0 4 .5 4.00

4 .0

4.50

4.50 4 .5

4.00

4 .0

4.00

4. 00

4.00

4. 00

4.00

4 .0 0

4.0 0

5. 00

4.00

5.0 0

4.50

4. 5

4.0 0

4.00 4.00 4.00 3.50

4.00

4.0 0 3.50

4.50

4.0 0 4.50 5.00 5.00

4.50 4.00 5.00 0 4 .5

4.0 0

4.50

4. 5 0 4.50 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00

4.50 4.00 4.50

4.00 5. 00

5 .0

5.00 0 4 .0

5. 00

4.00

4 .5

4.00

5.00 0 5 .0 05.00

5 .0

4 .5 00 5 .0

4. 00

3.50

5.00 4.00 .5 0

4.50

4. 0 0 4.00 4 .0 0

4. 0

4.50

4 .0

5.0 0

4 .5

4.0 0 5.00

5.00 0 4 .5

4.50 4.00 5.00 0 4 .5

4.00 4.00

4.00

4.00 4.00

4 .0 0 4.00 4 .0 0

4 .0

4.50

4.00

4.50 4.00

4.50

4.00

4.00 4.00

4.00 4.50 3.504.00

3 .5 0

4.00 4.00

4.50

4.00

4.0 0

3 .5

4.00

4.0 0

4.00

4.50

4. 0

4.50

4. 00

3 .5 0

4.00

4.50

4.00

4. 50 4.00

4 .0

0 4 .0

4.00

4.00 3.50

4 .0

4.50

5.005 .0 5.00 0

4.0 0

4.50

4.00

0 4 .54.0 0

4.00

4.0 0

4. 50

4.00 3.50

4. 0

4.00

4.50

50.00

3 .5

4.00 4 .0 0

5 000 4 . 4.

4. 0

4.00 4.50 4. 00

4 .0

4 .5

4.00 4 .0 0

4.50

4.00

4.0 0

.5 0

4.00 300.00 350.00 100.00 150.00 200.004.00250.00 400.00 4.50 450.00 500.00 550.00

4.50

4. 00

4. 5

4 .5

4.50

4.00 3.50

4.00

4.0 0

4 .0

0.00

4.00

4.00 4.00

4.0 0

4.50

50 0 4 .4.0 4 .0 0

.5 0

4 .5

4 .0

4.00

4.004.50

4.50

4.0 0

4. 0

100.00

0.00

4. 00 4.00

4.00 3.50

4.50 4.00

0 4 .0 4.00 4.50

4 .0

4. 5

3.50

4.00

4.0 0

0 4. 0 4.0 0 4.040.00 .00 4.50 4 4.00

150.00

0 4. 5 4.50 4.00

.5 0

3. 5

4 .0

50.00

0.00

ENVI_met

4.504.

0 4 .0 4.00

4.0 0

4.00 4.50 4. 00 4.00

4. 00 4

4.00

0 4 .0 4.50 4.0 0 4.0 0

0 4 .5 4.50 4.00

4 .0 0 0.00 0 . 50

4.00 4. 0 4 . 5 4 .0 0 0

4.50 4.00

4 .0

4.50

4 .0

4.50

4.00

0 4.0 4 .5 0 4 .0 0

4.00

4 .0

4.00

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

4.004.50

4.00

4.0 0

4.00

200.00

4. 00

4.00 4.50

50.00

4.50

4. 5

4 .0

3.50

4 .0

4 .5

4.00

4.000

4.50

4. 00

250.00

4.00

4.50

4.00 3.50

4.00

4.0 0

4.00

4.0 0

4.50 4. 00

4.00

4.50 4. 00

4. 5

100.00

4 .0

50.00

4 .0 0

4.00

.5 0

4.50

4.00 4. 4 .5 4 .0 0 0

150.00

300.00

4.0 0 4. 00 0 00 4 .5

4.00

planner, Giuliana Fornaciari - architect, Gregorio Grassi - landscape designer, Nicola Nanni - architect, Elena Pagliarini - public servant Municipality of San Lazzaro,

4 .0 0

Chiccoli - public servant Municipality of Comacchio, Annalaura Ciampi - ‘city maker’ architect, Claudia Di Girolamo - urban planner, Alessandra Feliciotti - city

350.00

4 .5

4.50 0 4.0 04.00 4.03.50

Team San Lazzaro 2 / Francisco Pérez Amitrano architect, Rachele Bria - engineer, Edoardo Cagnolati landscape designer, Annalisa Cerrè - engineer, Alessandro

200.00

4. 00

4.50 4.00 4.00 4.00 5.00 4.00 5.00 5.00

ENVI_met

4 .0

4. 5

0 4 .5

4.00

X (m)

4. 0

0 4 .0 4.00

5. 005 .0

5.00

100.00 150.00 200.00 250.00 300.00 350.00 400.00 450.00 500.00 550.00

250.000

400.00

4.50

5.00

4. 50

4.00

Flow v 0.60<Right m/s foot> 1.20 m/s 1.80 m/s 2.40 m/s 3.00 m/s

4 .0 0

4 .0

4.0 0

3.50

4.00

5.0 0

4. 5

4.0 0

4.50

0 5.00

4.50

5.00 0 4 .0

4.00

3.50

4. 5

4.00

5.0 0 5.00

4.00

4.50

4.00

4.00 4.00 5.00 4.00 5.00 5.00 4.00

5.00

5.00 4.50

5.00

4.50 4.00

4 .5 0

4.00

4.0 0

0 4.504 . 0

0 4. 0

5.00

4.0 0

4.50

4 .5

4. 5. 0 00 0 5. 0 4.00 0

4 .4.00 5 04 . 0 00 4 .5

4.00

0 4. 5 4. 00 5.00

4.5 0

4.50

4.00

0 5. 0 5.00

4.50

0 4.0 0 4.004.5

00 5. 00 4.00 4.

4.00

4. 5

4.00 4 .0

4.50

4.00

4. 0

4. 5

5. 00

4 .0 0

4.00

50 4 .4.00

4.00

4. 5

0 .5

4.00

4.50

5. 00

4.50

450.00

300.00

0 3.50 4. 0

4. 0

350.00

0 4. 0 4.50 4.0 0 4. 00

4. 0

4.00

4 .0

4.504.00

5. 0 0 4.50

500.00

4.50

400.00

4.504.00

4.00

4. 5

4.50 4.00 3.50 0 4 .0

4.00

4 .0

4. 00

4.00

4.0 0

4.00 4.50

4. 0

3. 5

4.00

4.0 0

0 4. 0

X (m)

4 .5 0

550.00

4.50

4 .5

34.34 °C 34.69 °C Flow v 35.04 °C 0.60 m/s 35.39 °C 1.20 m/s 35.74 °C 1.80 m/s 2.40 m/s 36.09 °C 3.00 m/s 36.44 °C > 36.79 °C Min: 32.93 °C Max: 36.40 °C

450.00

0 4 .5

4.504.00

5 .0 0 4.50

500.00

4.50

4 .5

4.50 4.00 4.00 4.00 5.00 4.00 5.00 5.00

4.00

4.50

4.00

5.00

4.50

4.50 0

4. 0

03.5 0

5.00

5. 005 .0

4 .5

4.0 0

3.50

4. 0

4.50 4.00 3.50

4 .0

4.00 4.00 44.. 50 00

4.503.50

4.00

5.00 0 4 .0

4.50 4.00

5.00

4.00

5.00

0 4 .5 4.0 0 5.00

4.00

4.504 .0 3.50

5 .0

4 .5 4.00 04 .0 0 0 4 .5

0 4.0 3.50

4 .0

4 .5

5.00

4 .0 0

4. 0

4.50

4.0 0 4.0 0 0 4.50 4.00 0 4. 5 4 .0

. 00 5 .0 4.00 0

4.00

4.00 5.00 4.00 4.50 5.00

4.00

4.0 0

4.50 4.00 3.50 0 4 .0

4.00

4. 5 00 40.

5. 00

< 33.64 °C 33.99 °C 34.34 °C 34.69 °C 35.04 °C 35.39 °C 35.74 °C 36.09 °C 36.44 Air °C Temperature > 36.79 °C < 33.64 °C Min: 32.93 °C Max: 36.40 °C 33.99 °C

EX POST 4.504.00

4.50

4 .5

4.50

4. 00

4 .0

4.00

5.00

4 .5

5.00

0 0

0 4. 5

5.0 0

4.50 4.00 3.50

4. 5

4 .0

4.00

0 4. 5

0 5.00

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

The PMV index expresses EX ANTE the opinion of individuals regarding thermal comfort in a given microclimatic condition. The ex-ante map presents consistent and high values, greater than 4.5 ‘very, very hot.’ The project brings an improvement to only the open spaces where trees have been planted, especially along the diagonal pedestrian path.

SanLazR3 14:00 24.06.2017

550.00

4.50

5 .0

4.00

4 .0

. 00

4. 0

5.00

0 4. 5 0 4.0 4.0 0 5. 00

5.00

4. 5

4.00 4.005 4.00

4 4.50

SanLazR3 14:00 24.06.2017

Air Temperature

4.00 05.00 5 .0 4.00 4.50 5.00

0 4.50 4 .5

4. 0

.5 0 44.50 4.0 0 0 5

5.0 0

5.00

4.00 4 .0 4.00 0

5. 00

5.00 0 4 .0

5.0 0

3.50 4 .0 03.5 0

4.00 4.50

0 5.00

5.00 5.00

4 .5

4.0 0

4.00

.5 0

4. 00

4.50 0

4 .0

4.50

.5 0

4.00

4.004.50 5.00 5.0 0

4 .0

4 .5 0 40.0

4 .0

4.50

4.0000 4.00 4.50 4. 5.004.50 5.00 4.00 4.00 5.00 5.00 4.00

5.00

.5 0

5.00 .5 0

5 . 0 4.0 0 0

3.50

4.0 0

4 .5 0

4.50 4.00

4.00

4.50

5.00 4.50

. 50

4 .5 00 5 .0

5 .0 0

4 .0

4 .5

4.0 0 0 4 .5

4.0 0

4.00

4.50

4.00

4.50 4.00

4 .5 4.00

4.00 5 .0 0

4.00

4.50 4.00 4.50

4. 00 3.50

4.00

4 .0

5.0 0

4.00

00 5. 5. 00 00 4.00 4.

4.00

5.00 4.0 0 4.50 5.00

4 .0 0

5. 0

4.0 0

4 .5

4.00

0 4 4.00

4.50

4 .5

4 .0 0

4.50 4.50 4.00

4 .0

4. 5

5.00

0 4 .5 4.00

4 .0

4.50

4.00

4. 50

4.00

4. 5

4. 00

4.00

4.00 4.00

4.50

4 .0

0 4. 0 0 3 . 5 4.5 0 4.00

4.50

0 4 .5

4.00

4 .0

4.00

4.50

4.0 0

5. 00

4. 00

4.00

5.0 0

4.00

4.0 0 3.50

4.0 0

4.0 0 4.50 5.00 5.00

4.00 4.00 4.00

3.50

4.00

4.50 4.00 4.50

4.00 5. 00

4.50

4 . 5 4.50 4.00 0 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00

4.004.50 5.00 5.0 0

4.50

4. 0 0 4.00 4 .0 0

4.0 0

4.00

4 .5

4 .0 0 4.00 4 .0 0

5 .0

4 .5 00 5 .0

5. 00

4. 00

4 .5

4.00

5.00 0 4.00 4 .5

4.50 4.00 5.00 0 4 .5

5.0 0

4.0 0 5.00

4.50 4.00 5.00 0 4 .5

4.00

3.50

.0 0 5 .0 05.00 45.00

4.50

4.00

4.50 4.00

5.00 0 4 .5

4.00 4.00

4.50

4.00

4.0 0

4.50

4.50 4.00

3 .5 0

4.00

4.50

3 .5 0

4.0 0

4.00

4 .0

4.00

4. 0

4.0 0

4.00

4.50

4.00

4.00 4.00

.5 4.00 0 4.00 3.504.00

4.00

4.00 3.50

4.00

4.00 3.50

3 .5

4.50

5.005 .0 5.00 0

4.00

4.50

4. 0

4.50

4. 00

50.00

4 .5

4 .0

4.50

4 .0

4.50

4 .5

3 .5

4.00 4 .0 0

4. 50

4.00 3.50

4.00 4.50 4. 00

4 .0

4.00

4.0 0

100.00 150.00 200.004.00250.00 400.00 450.00 500.00 550.00 4.00 300.00 350.00

5 000 4 . 4.

0.00

4. 0

0.00

4. 00

4 .0

4.50

4.00

4 .0

4.50

4 .0

0 4. 5 4.50 4.00

50 4. 4.00

4. 00

50.00

4.00 4. 5

.5 0

4.00 4 .0 0

4.00

4. 0

100.00

3 .5

0 4 .54.0 0

4.0 0

3.50

50 0 4 .4.0 4 .0 0

4.0 0

4.50

4. 5

3. 5

4.00

4.0 0

0 4 .0 4.00

150.00

4.50

4.00 3.50

4.0 0

50.00

0.00

4.00 4.00

4.0 0

4.00

0 4.0 4 .5 0 4 .0 0

4.00 4.50 4. 00 4.00

0.00

ENVI_met

4.50

4 .0

4. 00

0 4 .5 4.50 4.00

4. 00 4 .0 0 0 . 50 .0 4

4.00 4 4 . 5 4 .0 0 0

4 .0

4.50

0 4. 0 4.50 4.0 0 4. 00

0 3.50 4. 0

200.00

0 4. 0 4.0 0 0 4.0 4 .00 .0 0 4.50 4

4.00

4.50 4.50

50.00

250.00

4 .5

3.50

4.00

4.50 4.00

4.50

100.00

4 .0

4.00

4 .0

4.50

4.00

150.00

300.00

4.00

4.00 4. 4 .5 4 .0 0 0

4 .0

4.00

4. 00

0 4 .0 4.00

4.0 0 4. 00 0 00 4 .5

4 .0 0

4.0 0

4. 5

4.50

0 4 .0 4.50 4.0 0 4.0 0

3.50 40.0 4.0

4.50

4. 0

200.00

350.00

4.00

4.50 0 4.0

4 .0

250.00

400.00

4.50

0 4.00 4.004.50

0 4 .0 4.00 4.50

4.00

4.004.50

300.00

4.00

4. 5

4.00

4 .0

.0 0

4.50

4.00

4.0 0

4 .5

4.00

450.00

4. 00

4 .0 0

4.00

4. 0

4.50 4. 00

4.50

350.00

4. 5

.5 0

4.50

4.00

4 .5

4.004.50

4.00

4.0 0

4.504.00

5. 0 0 4.50

500.00

4 .0

4 .5

4.00

4.0 0

400.00 4.50 4.00

4.50

550.00

4.50

4.00

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m) 0

4.00

450.00

4.00 3.50

4.00

0 4 .5 4.0 0 5. 00

4 0

.5 .0 0 4

4.00

5.00 0 4 .0

4 .0

4.00

500.00

4.0 0

5 .0 0 4.50

4 .5

5 .0

4.504.00

4.50 4. 00

EX POST 4.504.00

44. 0.0 0 0

SanLazR3 14:00 24.06.2017

550.00

4.50

The map illustrates the EX ANTE temperature distribution (color) and the wind direction and intensity (arrows). In its current state it shows values up to 3.0 m/s ‘light breeze,’ differing closer to buildings. The proposed solution is rather effective and can decrease the intensity of the wind, decreasing the number of vectors in specific points.

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / PMV (PREDICTED MEAN VOTE) / 24.06.2017 - H 13:00

4. 0

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / WIND SPEED / 24.06.2017 - H 14:00

Y (m)

VIA COMMENDA AND PEDESTRIAN WAYS

100.00 150.00 200.00 250.00 300.00 350.00 400.00 450.00 500.00 550.00 X (m)

ENVI_met

Ilaria Rosati - public servant Municipality of Parma, Marco Stagni - mobility engineer, Simona Ugolini landscape designer, Giacomo Ventura - agronomist.

SAN LAZZARO LIGHT INDUSTRIAL DISTRICT / 2

PROJECT STUDY AREA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

THE CITY DOCK BETWEEN HISTORICAL CENTER AND INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY / STUDY AREA AND DESIGN OBJECTIVES The new ‘Darsena di città’ district, the city dock between the railway and the ‘Candiano canal’, makes up the urban head of the industrial and petrochemical port: an area which is about to be dismissed. Since the 90s, various regeneration projects have come about, and in the past 10 years the area has experienced the first concrete urban and architectural transformation. The district is still today characterized by an industrial appearance given the presence of several warehouses, buildings with industrial archaeology (such as the ex-sulfur warehouse Almagià, which is today a cultural center) or transformations for temporary reuse for recreational and sport purposes (such as the Darsena PopUp). The study area is characterized by large-sized lots, once intended for production activity and now partially neglected. The main

9 6

B 14

road - Via Trieste - runs parallel to the bank of the Candiano Canal and marks the area, separating it from the surrounding residential neighborhood. The secondary road grid is developed perpendicularly to the bank and is made up of roads of modest size and local use. It is mainly used as parking for residents of the neighborhood. The structure that derives from it is not very permeable and is difficult to access and reach, especially for slow mobility. Within the area, vegetation or, more generally, the surface intended for greenery, is extremely poor. With the exception of Via Trieste - a tree-lined road with wide sidewalks and a bike path - public spaces are nearly bare and asphalted, devoid of greenery and urban furniture.

E 10 12

4 3

15 18

C 1 13

1 TRAIN STATION 2 BUS STATION 3 ARTIFICERIE ALMAGIÀ 4 DARSENA POP-UP 5 C.M.C. 6 EX S.I.R. INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY 7 RESIDENCES 8 ARTS PARK (1° SECTION) 9 RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS (1° PHASE) 10 EX MILL NOW RESIDENCES 11 PALA COSTA

12 EX RACECOURSE 13 PUBLIC GARDENS 14 PORT AUTHORITY 15 PARKING AREA 16 ROCCA BRANCALEONE PARK 17 PEEP TRIESTE AREA 18 URBAN DOCKS CANDIANO CANAL HEAD

STUDY AREA CITY CENTRE URBAN GARDENS AND SPORT SITES TRAIN STATION ROAD NETWORK RAILWAY CANDIANO CANAL

A VIA TRIESTE B VIA D’ALAGGIO C VIA DARSENA D VIALE MARAMOTTI E VIA ZARA

SIMULATION AREA PROJECT SITE / AREA OF INTEREST PUBLIC MOBILITY ROUTE (BUS) BIKE NETWORK

ENVI-MET SIMULATIONS

AIR TEMPERATURE / 24.06.2017 - H 14:00

The output results of the ex-ante status are compared to the thermal comfort of the ex-post status, which takes the different design choices into consideration. In the area of Ravenna, there are various large industrial buildings, some of which are neglected, with valuable architectural characteristics. The built space alternates with the road network, which is developed in a fragmented and diagonal way in relation to the banks and the private yards within the large lots.

EX SIR INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY

The isolines allow one to understand the distribution of the air temperature in °C, in the open spaces and near buildings, a value that affects the direct thermal exchange between the human body and the environment. The map shows that the air temperature values at 14:00 are between 30°C and 37°C in most open area. The areas in fuchsia represent the areas with a higher temperature that can be considered ‘pockets of hot air.’ The Candiano Canal shows lower temperatures thanks to the effect of water evaporation.

DISMESSED BUILDINGS AND NEW RESIDENCES

RAVENNA CANDIANO CANAL

INNER ROAD NETWORK

DARSENA POP-UP

STUDY AREA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

A NEW ECO-DISTRICT RESTORES NATURE TO THE CITY DARSENA-ON: SWITCH-ON THE SPACES Actions for reopening pedestrian and car access between the city and the Candiano are planned for the public space as well as the removal of impermeable areas, with more than 70% to be replaced by permeable and green areas, and the creation of bioremediation and biosorption operations to reduce the amount of pollutants in the soils. The green and blue infrastructure serves as a link for the urban fabric: the heart of the eco-district is an urban forest that surrounds a flooding basin for water safety. From here, eco-corridors for bike and pedestrian connections branch off, arranged in a way that can be easily managed, with widespread areas of natural development and reduced maintenance costs. On the banks of the Candiano, the greenery serves for shading and rainwater collection.

The objectives of the project are to reconnect the neglected port area of the city, give Ravenna a new waterfront of high environmental quality, and increase the provisions of public services and green areas through an integrated and shared intervention. The regeneration strategy is based on policies of public-private partnerships that are necessary for adopting new planning regulations able to reduce the current fragmentation and involve private entities in making available areas destined for public use in exchange for economic incentives. Thus, the project proposes to reduce urbanization and planning fees for social and innovative activities, and to introduce regulation and management breaks for temporary uses of the space in order to reduce neglect and abandonment.

vento

Via Trieste

3 .7 3.76

3 . 7 3.76 6

4.26 3.76

3. 7

3.76

3.76 3.26 3.76

4. 2 6 3.76

3. 7

3 4. 76

3.76

3 .7 6 3. 7 6

.766 4.7

3.76

3. 7 3.76

4.26

3.76

3. 76

4. 2

4. 76

4 .7 6

4.26

4.76

4. 26 4.76 3.76 4.26 4 .7 6 3.76 4.76 3 .7 6

4.26 4.76 4. 7

3.76

4.76

4. 7

< 2.00 2.30 2.60 2.90 3.20 3.50 3.80 N 4.10 4.40 > 4.70 Min: 0.97<Right foot> Max: 5.00

4 .2 6

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

3.76

3.76 4. 26

< 2.00 2.30 2.60 2.90 3.20 3.50 3.80 4.10 4.40 > 4.70 Min: 0.97 Max: 5.00

3.76

3.76 4.26

3.7 6

3 .7

4.26

3.26

3 .7

3. 76 4.2 6

3.76 3.76

6 4. 2 76 6 3.

4. 2

3. 7

Ravenna Rebus3 14::00 24.06.2017

4.76

76 4.26

3.76

3 .7

3. 7

3.76

4.2 6

3.76

3 .7 6

4.26

3.76

3. 7

4.76

3. 76

3 .7

3. 76

3.76

4. 26 3 .7 6

3.76 3 .7 6

3.76 3.26

4 .2 6 3.76

4.26

3.76

3.76 3.76

3.76

4.26 3.76 3.26

3.76

6 4. 2

4 .7

3. 7

4.26

3.76

3 .7

4.76

3.76

6 3. 7

3. 7

550.00

3. 7

4.26

3. 7

6 3.76 3.76

3.76 4. 2

6 4 .2

3. 7 4.26

3. 7

76 4.26 3.

3.76

6 3. 7

4.26

3. 26

3.76 3 .7 6

3. 7

4 .7 6

4 .2 6

4 .7

3.76

3 .7 6 4.26

3. 7

6 3. 7 6

3.7 6

3.76

4 .7 6

4.76

4. 26

3 .7

3.26

3 .7 3.76 4.26

4.26 3.76 3.26

3. 26

3 .7

3.76

6 3. 7

4.26

3. 7

3 .7

3.76

3.26

2.76 3.76

3. 76

3 .7

4.26

3 .7 6 4.26

4.76

3. 7

4. 7 6 3. 76

3 .7

3 .7 6

4 . 2 3.7 6 6

3.7 6

4.76

4.26

2.76

3. 7

4.76

3.76

26 3.76 4.

4.76

6 4 .2

4.26

4 .7 3 .7 6 3.676

3 .7

2.7 6 3.26

3.7 6

3.76

2. 76

4.26

Y (m)

3.26

4.26

3.76

6 3 .7 3.7 6

3 .2 6 4.26 6

3.76 4.26

3. 7

3.76

66 4 .32. 73. 76 4. 26 76 3. 6 3 .73.76 6 .7 3

3. 7

6 3 .7 6

3. 7

3.76

3 .7

4. 2

3. 7

4.76

3.26

3. 7

3.76

3.76 4.26

PMV

4. 2

3.76 3.76

3. 26

3.76

.2 6

3.76

4 3.76

3.76

3.76 4 .2 6

3 .7

3 .7 6 3 .7

3.76

3. 7 3.76

4. 26

3. 2

3. 76

4. 2

3.76

4. 26 3 .7 6

3. 76

3 .7 6

76 3. 4.26

4.2 6

3. 7

67 3 .763 .

3. 7

3.76

. 26 6 43.7

6 3 .7 4 .2

3.76

3. 7

3 .7

3.76

3 .7

4. 2

4.2 6 4.76 3.76 4.26 4. 26 4 .7 6 3.76 4.76 .7 6

500.00 3.76 6

4.26

3. 7

3 .7

3. 76

3.76

3.76 .2 6 4

3 3.76

3 .7

4.26

3.76 66 3 .7.4.26 7

6 3

3.7 6

326. 7 46. 26

4. 2 4 .2 6

3.76

3 .2

4 .2

3 .7 3.76

Y (m)

3. 7

4.2 6

3.76

450.00 3. 7

4. 2

4.2 6

3 .7

0.00 0.00

3.76

4. 26 4 .2 6

Y (m)

3.76

3. 7

63.76 4.26

3.76

3 .7

6 4.76

3.76

3.76 3.76 3.76 3.76 3.76 3.76 3.76 4.26 6 2 3 .7 6 4.

3. 76

4.2 6

3.76

4 .2 6

4.26

3.7 6

4.26

3. 76

4 .7 6 4.76

3. 7

3 .7 6

6 3 . 7 4.76 4.26

6 3. 7 3.76 4.76 4.76

3.76

6 3 .73.76

3.76

400.00

3. 76

3. 7

4.26

3.76

350.00

6 3.76 4.26

3.76

3. 7

. 76

66 3.76 4 . 233.7.7 3.76 6 3.76 6 4.26 . 76 6 4 .2 76 3.76 3 3 .7 . 6

4 .2 6. 7 6 3

3.76

4.76 4 3 . 7 6 .7 6 4.76 4.26

300.00

3 .7

4 .23. 7 636. . 76 367 .2 6 44.26

4. 4. 26 3.76 76

4. 26

4.26

250.00

.7 6 63

4. 2 4 .2 6

3.76

3.7 6

63.26 6 4.26 3 . 7 4.26

3.76

3. 7

3.76 4.26

3 .7

3.7 6

3. 2

4. 2

6 3 .7 4 .2

4.26

3.76

6 6 3.7

3. 7

3.76

X (m)

3.76

4 .2

4. 2

.2 . 766 43.7 36 4.2 6 3. 7

63.76 3 . 7 4.26 6 6 .2 .7 6 4

3.76 4.26

4 .2

3. 7

4 .2

4.26

6 3.7 6 . 7 6 4.26

6 3 .7 3.763.7 6

6 6 4. 2.673.7 4 .323.76 . 7 6 3 4. 266 76 4. 26 3.

3.76 3.76

3 .7 6 3.76

3.76 3.76 4.264 . 2

3.76 3

3 .7

3.76 4 .2 6

3.76

4.2 6

3. 76 4. 2 6

3 .7

6 3 .67 3. 7

4.26

3. 76

4. 2

200.00

3.76

4. 76 4.76

150.00

4.2 6

4. 2

3. 7

4. 2

3 . 73.76 6

6 3 .7 3.76 4.76 4.76

3.76

4.26

3.76

3 .7 6

3.76

4.26

3 .7

3 .7 6 3 .7 6 4. 2 3.76 36.746

34.7

3.2 6

. 26

3 .7

3.76

3 .7

3.76

3.7 6

3 .7

36 3. 7 . 76

4 3 . 7. 26 6

3. 7

3 .7 6 3 .7

4.76 4 3 . 7 6 .7 6 4.76 4.26

3 .7 6

3.76

3. 7

3 .7 6

. 63

3.76

4.26 7 6

3 .7

3.7 6

3. 7

3.76

3. 76

4.26

4 .23. 7 636. 7 26 6 4.

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

3.76 4.26 3.76 6 .7 3.76 3 4 .2

4. 26.7 6 3

6 76 3.7

3. 76

4 .2 6

100.00

3.76

4.26

50.00

3 .7

3.76 6 4 .2

4 .23 .7 6 6 3.76

6 3 .7 6 3 .7

4 .2

3 .2

4.26

4 .2

Ravenna Rebus3 14::00 24.06.2017

3.76 3.76 3.76 3.76 3.76 3.76 4.26 3 .7 6

3.76

66 4 .2 3. 7 4.2 6

3.76 3.76

3.76

3 .7 6

4.26

3 .7 6 3 .7

4.2 6

4 .2

3. 7

. 26 3.476

3.76

3 .7

50.00

3.76 4.26

4 .2

76 63.

3. 76

4. 26 6 3.76 3 . 7 4.26

4 .2

3.76

4.26

Y (m)

3. 76

6 4 .26 3.7

RAVENNA CANDIANO CANAL / 1

- mobility engineer, Giacomo Pizzardi - engineer, Luca Righetti - architect, Leonardo Rossi - officer Ravenna Municipality, Nicola Scanfèrla - officer Ravenna

3 .7

- landscape designer, Thorsten Lang - architect, Raffaella Lombardi - hydraulic engineer, Giulia Mazzali - landscape architect, Flavia Mazzoni - agronomist, Alberto Merigo

3.26

Team Ravenna 1 / Francesca Aiello - ‘city maker’ architect, Fabrizio Breganni - agronomist, Antonino Condemi - Emilia-Romagna Region officer, Adele Fiorani

4.76

ENVI_met

6 4.26 3 .7

3 .7 6

550.00

500.00

4 3.76

450.00

4.26

400.00

100.00

3 .7

6 6 4 .2

350.00

3. 7

300.00

X (m)

4.76

250.00

3. 7 6 3.76

3 .7

6 4 3 . 7 4.26 . 7

6 3.76 4 .23. 7 4.26 6

4 .2

200.00

3.76

6 6 3.7

150.00

3.26

100.00

3 .7

3. 7

4.26 ENVI_met3.76

150.00

4. 26

50.00

0.00

200.00

3 .7

3. 76

4. 2

0.00

2. 7

3. 76 4 .2 6 6

3 .7 6

6 3 .7

.2 6

3 .7 6

50.00

3. 7

ENVI_met

100.00

6 3. 7 33.26 .7 6

3.76

Flow v 0.60<Right m/s foot> 1.20 m/s 1.80 m/s 2.40 m/s 3.00 m/s

0.00

3.76

150.00

3. 7

4.26

250.00

3.76

X (m)

3.26

550.00

3 .7 6

500.00

2.7 6

450.00

3.7 6

3 .7

3 .7 6

400.00

4.26

4.2 6

350.00

50.00

3 .7

3 .7 6 3.76

3. 26

300.00

3. 7

250.00

2. 76

200.00

3.76

150.00

3.76

100.00

3. 7

50.00

4. 2

0.00

3 .7 6

3.76 .7 6

200.00

3 .7 4.626

0.00

300.00

3.763 .7 6

4.26

3 .7

4 .2

3. 7

. 26 34.76 3.76

.7 3 .7 3 6 4 3 .7. 26 6

3.2 6

4 .2

50.00

3.76 4.26

3 .7 6 3.76

100.00

3.76

250.00

150.00

350.00

3.76

100.00

3.26

3.76

6 3 .7 3 .7

300.00

200.00

400.00

3 .7 6

6 3 .7 33.26 .7 6

6 3. 7

3.676 3.7

150.00

3.76

250.00

3.7 6

4. 2

31.00 °C 31.50 °C Flow v 32.00 °C 0.60 m/s 32.50 °C 1.20 m/s 33.00 °C 1.80 m/s 2.40 m/s 33.50 °C 3.00 m/s 34.00 °C > 34.50 °C Min: 23.45 °C Max: 36.60 °C

3.76

200.00

350.00

3.7 6

3.3.7676

250.00

450.00

300.00 3.76

400.00

300.00

3 .7

500.00

3.763 .7 6

3.76

2 .7

3.7 6 3.76

450.00

6 2 . 7 3.76

350.00

3 .7

4.2 6

< 30.00 °C 30.50 °C x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m) 31.00 °C 31.50 °C 32.00 °C 32.50 °C 33.00 °C 33.50 °C 34.00 Air °C Temperature > 34.50 °C < 30.00 °C Min: 23.45 °C Max: 36.60 °C 30.50 °C

550.00

3 .7

3.76

500.00

400.00

3.76

Air Temperature

400.00

EX POST

3.76

450.00

4.2 6

Ravenna Rebus3 14:00 24.06.2017

550.00

3 .7 4.626 26

450.00

The PMV index expresses the EX ANTE opinion of individuals on thermal comfort in a given microclimatic condition. The ex-ante map presents very high values, even higher than 5 in various areas. The project brings localized improvement where green interventions are planned, increasing the areas of comfort, especially near existing buildings and in the central area.

3 .7

.2 6 34.76 3.76

EX POST

3 .7 6

EX ANTE

3.76 3.76 3.76

3 .7 6

The map illustrates the temperature distribution (color) and the wind direction and intensity (arrows). In its current state it shows values up to 3.0 m/s ‘light breeze,’ differing closer to buildings. The proposed solution is effective, decreasing the intensity of the wind of the district and reducing the barrier effect behind the station.

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

500.00

Ravenna Rebus3 14:00 24.06.2017

550.00

3.26

.7 6

6 2 .7 3.76

4.26

550.00

6 4.26 3 .7

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / PMV (PREDICTED MEAN VOTE) / 24.06.2017 - H 13:00

4.26 3.76

VIA MISEROCCHI: RUN-OFF REDUCTION

4.26

THE QUAY: SHADE AND UPPER PATHWAY

4.26

PUBLIC SPACES AND BUILT-UP AREAS

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / WIND SPEED / 24.06.2017 - H 14:00

ACCESSIBILITY

3 .7

DESIGN SCHEME AND SECTION OF THE QUAY

CONCEPT

BLUE INFRASTRUCTURE

MASTER PLAN, GREEN AREAS AND PUBLIC SPACES PROJECT

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE AND WINDS

3.76 4.26

BACINO SCOLANTE

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

250.00

300.00

350.00

400.00

450.00

500.00

550.00

X (m)

ENVI_met

Municipality, Simone Scortecci - urban designer, Ilaria Tonti - near graduate Arch. University, Ilaria Venturi officer Ravenna Municipality, Stefano Villani - architect.

PROJECT STUDY AREA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

A CAR-FREE ECO-DISTRICT BETWEEN SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL INNOVATION CREATING A BLUE, GREEN, RED, AND GOLD MOSAIC (such as the student housing in the social housing district) are transferred to industrial archaeology buildings that need restoring. The open spaces are enhanced through a strategy that aims to integrate, physically and functionally, with the surrounding preexisting buildings. The strategy is centered on a precise integrated system, ‘a mosaics’ of green spaces, composed of private gardens, shared green areas, and public space. It is also planned to increase soil permeability; create pocket gardens in residential areas; de-pave private areas of mixed buildings to create collective gardens and equip the public spaces with floodable ditches along the main driving routes, basins, water squares, and rain gardens, as well as constructed wetlands with spontaneous plants to treat rainwater.

The project proposes to give life to a car-free district through a new urban design, with the objective of reunifying existing fragmentation, enhancing the industrial identity of the area, and increasing its multifunctional purpose. Via Trieste represents a break between the residential neighborhood and the industrial area. It is the infrastructural road that connects the city to the sea and, at the same time, represents an opportunity for reunification and mediation. On the directional side, it is an occasion to move polarities for the service industry and for the high-quality accommodation where to host cultural tourism. A green link, with different functional and spatial characteristics, permeates the interstitial areas, while temporary residences

FLOODABLE DITCH

LINEAR PARK

ART GARDENS

WATER SQUARES

DETENTION BASIN

MITIGATION GREEN

FITO-REMEDIATION

SQUARES

WATER SQUARE

PERMEABLE PARKING LOTS

PREVERDISSEMEN

ROWS OF TREES

RETENTION BASIN

SOCIAL GARDENS

REGENERATION AREAS

GREEN RAFTS

GREEN AREAS FOR SPORT

BEACH

BLUE INFRASTRUCTURE

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

ROWS OF TREES ALONG QUAY

GREEN RAFTS

GREEN ROOF ALONG QUAY

QUAY STREET SECTION

MASTER PLAN, GREEN AREAS AND PUBLIC SPACES PROJECT DISTRIC SQUARE

STATE OF THE ARE

ARTS

INTERMEDIATE PHASE: - Reduction of street parkings - introduction of green-blue infrastructure

3.76

3 .7

6 3. 7

4.26

3.76

3.26

4.26

3 .7

3.76

6 3 .7

3.26

3 . 7 3.76 6

3.76

3. 7

4.26

3 3.26 . 76 3.76

4.26

3. 7

3. 7 6 3. 7 6

3. 76 4. 26

3.7 6

4. 2 76

3. 76

4. 2 6 3. 7

3. 7

3 .7

3.76

4. 76

3 .7 6

3.76

4.26

6 6

3 .7

3. 7

3 .7

3.76

4.26

3.26 6

3.76

4.26

4.2 6

3.76

6 3 .7

3. 7

4. 2

3.7 6 3 . 7 6

4.26

4.7 6

3.76

3. 7

4.26

4.2 6

3.76

6 3 .7

6 3 .7 4.76 4 .7 6

4 .2

4.2 6

6 3. 7 3.76

4. 76

4.7 6

4 .2 6 3 .7

3.76

3 .7

3.76

3.26

4 .2

4.7 6

6 3.76

4. 2 6 3. 7

4.7 6

4. 2

PMV

< 2.00 2.30 2.60 2.90 3.20 3.50 3.80 N 4.10 4.40 > 4.70 Min: 0.90<Right foot> Max: 4.96

3.76 4.26 4.76 4.76

4. 26 4.76 4 .7 6 3.76

4. 26

3.76

6 4. 2

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

4. 76

450.00

< 2.00 2.30 2.60 2.90 3.20 3.50 3.80 4.10 4.40 > 4.70 Min: 0.90 Max: 4.96

3 .7 6

3.76

4 .7

400.00

3.7 6 6 3 .7

Ravenna Rebus4 14:00 24.06.2017

4 .2 6

350.00

4.26

3.76 3.76

4. 76

4. 76 6 4. 76

3. 76 4.26

3. 7

300.00

4.26 4.76

3.76

3. 76 4.26

3.76 4. 26 6 4. 7

3. 7

PMV

4.76

3.7 6 4.26

4.26 4.76 4. 76 4 .2 6 4.76

4. 7

4. 76

4. 2

3 4. 76 . 7 6

4.76

3.76 4.26

. 26 44.76

250.00

4.26 6

4.76

4.26

4. 2

3.76

3 .7

6 4. 2 3.26 4

3.76. 7 6

3.7 6

3 .7 6

4. 76

6 3 .7

4.76 4.7 6 6

4 .2

3.76

4 .7

4. 2

4.7 6

4. 2

3. 7

3.76

3 .7 6

3.76

4 .2

3 .7 6

3.26

3.76

6 4 .2 4 .2

3.7 6

4 .2

3 .7

6 3 .7

4 .3. 2 676

6 3. 7 6

4. 2

550.00

3. 7

3.7 6

6 3 .7 3.7 6

3 .7

3.76

66 4 .32. 73.7 6 4 .2 6 76 3. 6 3 .7 3.76 6 7 . 3

500.00 3.76 4.26

3. 7

4.76 4 .7 6

4 .7

3.76

4.76 4.7 6

3.26 4 .7 6

3.76

6 4.2 3.676

4 .7

4.26

3 .2 6

4.2 6

4 .2

3.76

3.76 4 .2 6

3.76

4.26 4.76

4. 26

4.26 4.76

4 .2 6 3.76

4.2 6

3.76

4.26

4. 2

2.7 6

4.26

6 3 .7

3.26

2. 76

4.26

3.76

3 .7

4.2 6

4.2 4. 76 3.76

6 3. 7

3.76 4.26

4. 26

3. 76 4. 76 6 4.7 6

3 .7

3.76

4. 2

4.2 6 4.76

3.76 4.26 4.76 4.76

3.76 6 3 .7

3. 7

4. 26

3 .7 6

3.76 6

3 .7

3. 7

3. 26

3.76

4. 76

4. 7

3.76

3. 7

3.76

3 .7

4 .2

3 .2 6

4. 26

3 .7

3.76 . 2 6 4

4. 26

4 .2 6. 7 6 3.76 3. 76 . 2 6 3 4 76 4. 2 6

3.26

3. 2

3.76 4 .2 6

3.76

4.26

6 3 .7 3.76

3. 7

3.76

3.76 3.76 3.76 3.76 3.26 3.76 3.76 3.7634.26 .2 6 6 .7 64 2 4.

6 6 3 .7 3.76 4 .2 4.76 3.76 3 .7 6 3.76 3.76 6 4. 76 3.76 3. 7 3. 76 3.76 6 6 3.76 3. 7 3. 7 . 26 6 3.76 3 .2 6 3 .7 6 3. 76 4 67 3 .73 . 3.76 6 6 36.7 3 .7 3.76 3 .7 6

3.764.26

3. 7

4.26

3.76

3. 7

6 3 .7 3.76 6 3. 7

. 76

66 3.76 4 . 233.7.7 3.76 6 3.76 6 4.26 76 .2 3.76 3 . . 2 6 3.76 64 4 6 74 3 .7 3. . 2 6 6 6 3.76 6 3. 7 3 .7 3 . 7 3. 76 4 . 2 6

3.7 6

3.76

4.26

3 .7

3 .7 6

3 .7 3 .7

3 .7

4. 26 6 3 . 7 4. 26

3. 7

76 3 .4.26

3.76 .2 6 4

3.76 3.76

6 3 .7 3.7 63.7 6

4. 2

3. 76

3.26

3 .2

3 .7

3.2 6

Y (m)

3.76

36.7 3 .7

4.26

3.76

3.76 6 3 .7 6 . 26 3.76 3

.7 63

Y (m)

3 .7 3 .7

3 .7

3. 7

200.00

6 3.7 3 .7 6 4.26 6

3.76

3.76 76 3.

4.26

3.76 3.76 4.264 . 2

6 6 4.2.673.7 6 4 . 23 . 7 6 3 4. 26 76 4. 26 3.

4.76

3.26

150.00

3 .7

3.76

4. 26

26 4.74.6 . 76 4

100.00

6 3.76 76 3.7

4.76

3.76

4 .7

50.00

3 .7 6

3. 76

3.76

450.00

0.00

3.76 4.76

4.26

3 . 74.26 6

3 .7

3.76 3 .7

3.76

4 .7

0.00

3 .74.26 6

4 .2

4. 26

3.76 4.26

.7 6

3.76

3.76 3.76 3.76 3.76 3.26 3.76 3.7634.26 26 .7 64.

4.2 6

4.26

3. 7

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

3.76 6 4 .2

4.26

4.26 4.76

3 .7 6 4. 2 6

6 400.00 .7 6

6 4 .2 6 3. 7

4 .2 6

3.76

6 4. 264.76

350.00

4.2 6 4.76

3 . 74.26 6

4. 76

3.7 6 4.26

4 .2

76 3 .4.26 3.76

4.76

4. 26

3.76

4.26 6

3.76 4.26

4.726 6 3.

3.7 6 4.26

300.00

4.76

4.76 3.76 4.76

3 .7

4. 26

3.76

3.76 6 4.76 . 7 6 4.26 4 4.76 4. 26 . 7 34.26 4 .2 6 . 7 63. 76 4 .736 4.76

4.7 6 4.7 6

4 .7

4.2 6 4.76

6 3. 7

3 .7

4 .23. 73 6 6. 7 4. 26 26 6 4.

4 .2

3.76

6 3. 7 6 3. 7 6 7 3.

3.76

50.00

4 .2 6

4.26

. 26

.7 43

3. 7

3.76 3.76

4 .2

3.76 34.26

3.76 4.26

3.76

4 .7 6

3.76

4. 26. 7 6 3 76 4 .2

3.76 4.76

. 76

3 .7

4. 2

250.00

764 .2

26 4.74.6 . 76 4

3 .7 6 4.26

4.2 66

3.26

6 4.26 3 .7 3.76

4.76

26 . 76 4.

.2 6 44.76

4 .2 6 4. 266 .7 4.

6 3 .7 4 .2 6

3.7 6 4.26

3.76 76 3.

3 . 73.76 6

6 6 4 .7

Ravenna Rebus4 14:00 24.06.2017

3.76 4 .23. 76 3.76 6 6 3.76 4.26 6 3.76 3 .7 4 .2 4. 26 . 76 6 3.76 6 3 .7 3 7 4 .2 3. 6

3.76 3.76

3 .7

4.76

4 .2 6 3. 7

4. 26 3. 76 4.26

3.76

6 4 .23 .7 6 4. 26

63.76 . 726 34. 6.7 6 . 73

4.7 6

4.76 4.7 6

3.76

6 4.2 64.76

4. 26

3.76 4. 26

3.76

4 .2

X (m)

6 3 .7 4. 26 3.76

4. 2 6

4.76

4 .7 6

4 .2

4.26

4 .2

4.76

6 4 .7 3 .7 4.26 63. 76 4.76 3.76 4.76

3.76 6 3 .7 3.76 6 3 .7

3.76

3.7 6

4.26

6 3. 7 6 7 3.

4.26

3. 76 4. 2 6 6

4 .23. 73 6 6. 7 26 6 4.

.7 6

3. 76 3 .7

3.76

4 .7 6

Y (m)

4.76

Y (m)

4.76

200.00

4 .2 6

RAVENNA CANDIANO CANAL / 2

Rambaldi - mobility engineer, Giuseppe Romagnoli urban designer, Mara Roncuzzi - officer Municipality of Ravenna, Andrea Sankowsy - urban planner, Eleonora

3.76

4. 26

Raffaella Gueze - officer Municipality of Bologna, Anna Chiara Leardini - architect, Andrea Morsolin - agronomist, Mauro Mugnai - agronomist, Giorgia

3. 76

Team Ravenna 2 / Marcello Cova - architect, Monia Fantini - architect, Paolo Focaccia - architect, Matteo Furian - landscape designer, Federico Galli - engineer,

4 .7 6

ENVI_met

3.26

X (m)

3.76

550.00

4.26

500.00

450.00

4 .2

400.00

350.00

4 .2

300.00

4. 26

4.7 6

3 .74.26 6

250.00

200.00

4 .2

150.00

4.26

100.00

2 66

50.00

3 .7 6 4.26

4. 2

3. 76

4. 2

0.00

4 .2 6

0.00

4. 26 26 4. 264. 76 3.

3.76

100.00

3.76 4.26

4.726 6 3.

26 . 3

4.26

4 .2 6

6 3 .7 4 .2 6

3.76

50.00

3.7 6

3. 7

ENVI_met

100.00

4.26 ENVI_met3.76

150.00

100.00 150.00 3.76

3.76

Flow v 0.60<Right m/s foot> 1.20 m/s 1.80 m/s 2.40 m/s 3.00 m/s

3 .7 6 3.76

3.76

150.00

3. 7

3 .74.26 6

4.26 4 .2

3.76

X (m)

200.00

4. 26 3.76

4.26

3 .7 6 3.7 6 4 .2 6

4. 26

4. 26 6 . 26 6 3. 7 4 3. 7

4.76

4.26 6 4. 2

3.76

3 .74.26 6

50.00

4.76

4. 3.76 2 6

3 .7

4 .7 6

6 4. 7 6 4. 7

550.00

3.26

500.00

3.76

450.00

0.00

4 .2

4 .2 6

4.2 6

400.00

4. 2

350.00

3.76 4. .7 6 3.7 6 3 6 3 .7 3.76

3. 7 3.76

4. 2

6 4. 7 6 4 .7 6 4 . 7 6 4.76

3.76

3. 7 4.

6 .726 34. 6

3 .7

4.26 6 4. 2

4 .4.7

300.00

4.26

250.00

6 3.2 64.26 4 .2

200.00

150.00

4 .2

100.00

4.26

50.00 0.00

4.2 6 4.2 6

50.00

6 4.

4.26

4 .2

0.00

4.26

3.7 6

3.2 6

200.00

3. 76 3.76 3.76 4. 7 6

250.00

4. 3.76

3.76

100.00

300.00

3 3.76

3. 76 .2 . 76 3.7 6 4 .2364

4.26

0.00

350.00

4 .2 6

50.00

6 3. 2 3.76 4 .7 6 . 7

3.76

64 3. 7

250.00

76 3.3.76

3.76 4 .2 6

3 .7

100.00

150.00

4. 26

4 .2 3.76 6

3. 7 3.7

3.76

300.00

3. 7 4.266

4.26

3.76 3.76 3.76

3.76

150.00

200.00

6 4. 7 6 4. 7 4.76

3 .7

4 .2 4. 2 6 4.26 . 26 6 .7 6 4. 2 4 .2 6 3 4.26 6 3 .7 6 26 3.76 6.3.26 6 4 .2 6 7 2 . 4. 3.76 3.764 3 3.76 3.76 6 6 3.76 7 7 3. 3.76 4.26 3 . 3.76 3.676 4 .2 63 . 7 6 26 3.7 6 4.7 6 4. 3. 76 3 .726

4 .2 6

31.00 °C 31.50 °C Flow v 32.00 °C 0.60 m/s 32.50 °C 1.20 m/s 33.00 °C 1.80 m/s 2.40 m/s 33.50 °C 3.00 m/s 34.00 °C > 34.50 °C Min: 23.20 °C Max: 36.61 °C

350.00

4.626 3. 7 4

3.76

3.7 6 4. 26

400.00

3.26

3.76 3.76 3.76 3. 76 3.7 6 3.76

3.76

200.00

4 .2

3.76

250.00

3.76

400.00

3.7 6 3.76 3.76 3.76

450.00

3. 76 3.76 3.76

4. 2

300.00

3 .7

300.00 3.76

64 .2

4 .2 6

450.00

4.26 3. 7 6

3. 7

4.76

3.76

4 .2 4.26 6 .7 6 4 .2 4. 26 3 4.26 6 26 6 3.26 6 4. 26 4. 3.76 3.764 .23 .7 3.76 6 6 3.76 7 7 3. 3. 6 3.76 7 76 26 3.7 6 3. 4 .2 663 . 4. 3.7 3. 7

4.26

350.00

500.00

6 2 . 7 3.76

4.2 6

< 30.00 °C 30.50 °C x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m) 31.00 °C 31.50 °C 32.00 °C 32.50 °C 33.00 °C 33.50 °C 34.00 Air °C Temperature > 34.50 °C < 30.00 °C Min: 23.20 °C Max: 36.61 °C 30.50 °C

350.00

3.76 4. 26

3.76 4.2 6

4. 2

3.76

500.00

3.76 3.76 3.76

3.76

400.00

550.00

3 .7 4.266

3.76

EX POST 450.00

3 .7 6 3 .2 3.76

4. 2

400.00

4 .2

3.76

3 .7 6 4.26

Ravenna Rebus4 14:00 Air Temperature 24.06.2017

550.00

.7 6

3.76

3.76 3.76 3.76 3.76

3.26

450.00

The PMV index expresses the EX ANTE opinion of individuals on thermal comfort in a given microclimatic condition. The ex-ante map presents very high values, even higher than 5 in various areas. The project brings slight improvement to spaces where green intervention is planned, which, however, won’t improve the comfort of the neighborhood nor effect the existing built environment.

6 3 .7 6 4.26

EX POST

4.26 3 .7 6

500.00

4.26

EX ANTE

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

500.00

4 .2

6 2 .7 3.76

3.76

The map illustrates the temperature distribution (color) and the wind direction and intensity (arrows). In its current state it shows values up to 3.0 m/s ‘light breeze,’ differing closer to buildings The proposed solution does not reduce the Venturi effect or turbulence, while it does decrease in part the barrier effect behind the station.

Ravenna Rebus4 14:00 24.06.2017

550.00

4. 2 6 3.76

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / PMV (PREDICTED MEAN VOTE) / 24.06.2017 - H 13:00

4.26

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / WIND SPEED / 24.06.2017 - H 14:00

6 4.26 3 .7

MOBILITY, GREEN AREAS AND SHARING: TOWARDS A CAR-FREE NEIGHBORHOOD

4. 2

STRATEGIC PLAN, CITIZENS PARTICIPATION PROCESSES AND DRIVERS/POLARITIES

3.76

COMMON AREAS AVAILABLE (for storage/sharing of goods/collective activities) INCENTIVES TO USE CARGO BIKES / CAR SHARING

FINAL PHASE: - complete removal of street parkings - wider use of bikes and cargo-bikes

3.76

SOCIAL VEGETABLE GARDENS

3.26

SPORT

3.76

la città si illumina

4.26

ACCENDI LA DARSENA

500.00

550.00

X (m)

ENVI_met

Tricomi - landscape architect, Anna Vacchi - engineer, Domenico Zamagna - officer Municipality of Ravenna.

PROJECT STUDY AREA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

HISTORICAL CENTER AND DARSENA DISTRICT OF SAN PAOLO / STUDY AREA AND DESIGN OBJECTIVES The new San Paolo Darsena district finds place between the Garden City, the Estense walls that define the historical center and the Po di Volano, a secondary delta branch of the Po river. The area, which assumes its current form with the structure of the Produce Market, today neglected and in the process of reconversion, is characterized by vast sealed surfaces used for parking and by various buildings of historical value in the process of reconversion (ex MOF building – ex Magazzini Savonuzzi). The district is strategic for the city and makes up the main connection between the historical center, the river, and the Darsena. For decades devoid of qualifying and attractive uses, the area has progressively strengthened itself with services: it is home to two

main public parking lots and the city bus station. There are many green areas, especially along the canal and near the historical walls that here have a reduced height, lowering from east to west until it disappears, beside the intersection with Corso Isonzo, following demolitions at the beginning of the 20th century to create the Garden City. Along the whole track there are extremely beautiful and frequently used bike and pedestrian pathways. On the other hand, the green areas near the Darsena are poorly accessible and of poor quality. The low water quality, lack of sports and recreational use, and the partial privatization in the use of space allowed to private individuals all have caused disrepair, which discourages public use along the river.

18 19

12 2

14 10

B 1

A 6

7 5

1 EX MOF PARKING AREA 2 BUS STATION 3 EX CAMILLI AREA 4 EX PISA PARKING AREA 5 SEBASTIAN PUB 6 EX SAVONUZZI WAREHOUSES 7 ROWING CLUB 8 DARSENA GARDENS 9 MEIS MUSEUM 10 PATHWAY ALONG THE CITY WALLS 11 GARDEN CITY 12 AQUEDUCT

ENVI-MET SIMULATIONS

STUDY AREA CITY CENTRE CITY WALLS URBAN PARK TRAIN STATION ROAD NETWORK RAILWAY DARSENA AND PO DI VOLANO

A VIA DARSENA B CORSO ISONZO C RAMPARI DI SAN PAOLO D VIA BOLOGNA E VIA IPPOLITO D’ESTE

SIMULATION AREA PROJECT SITE / AREA OF INTEREST PUBLIC MOBILITY ROUTE (BUS) BIKE NETWORK

AIR TEMPERATURE / 24.06.2017 - H 14:00

13 SUPERMARKET 14 PORTA PAOLA / PIAZZA TRAVAGLIO 15 PARKING AREA 16 CITY CENTRE 17 ESTENSE CASTLE 18 CATHEDRAL 19 CITY HALL

The output results of the ex-ante status are compared to the thermal comfort of the ex-post status, which takes the different design choices into consideration. In the area of Ferrara, there are open spaces of considerable size designated for both parking with asphalted surfaces and equipped for green space with or without trees. The built space is characterized by a very dense and compact urban fabric with Two- or three storey residences typical of the historical center. Some industrial buildings of considerable size that are today neglected are present.

PATHWAY ALONG THE CITY WALLS

The isolines allow one to understand the distribution of the air temperature in °C, in the open spaces and near buildings, a value that affects the direct thermal exchange between the human body and the environment. The map shows that the air temperature values at 14:00 are between 30°C and 36°C in most open areas. The areas in fuchsia represent the areas with a higher temperature that can be considered ‘pockets of hot air.’

EX SAVONUZZI WAREHOUSES

FERRARA SAN PAOLO DARSENA

DOCK ALONG THE DARSENA

CITY CENTER URBAN FABRIC

STUDY AREA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

HIGHLY RESILIENT ECO-DISTRICT BETWEEN RIVER, DARSENA, AND CITY CENTER TAKING A BREAK City, which is subject to flooding, by way of a filtering canal along the main existing walkway on Corso Isonzo. A superficial detention basin with double functions is planned. It will feed an underground basin for storage and reuse in times of drought and a fountain to refresh the square in the summer. The orange infrastructure, a link between the green and the blue, develops lengthwise along the bank and regulates livability. Vegetation to produce thermal-hygrometric benefits are planned here, as well as a set of functions focussed on food as the attraction and strength point: on the one hand, in the commercialization of those resources and in the development of facilities and recreational activities, and on the other hand, in the production and distribution of food.

The urban regeneration intervention establishes the objective of creating a functional and spatial empathy with the new green and blue infrastructure that is meant to be introduced in the district. The widespread preexisting complexities of the district have been investigated and resolved with the goal of raising urban quality, also through a new design generated by the refunctioning of the dilapidated and neglected building heritage. The green infrastructure represents the supporting beam of the entire design proposal and the two existing lengthwise axes - the green area near the dock and the linear park along the walls will be reinforced and connected. The project plans to channel the water deriving from the Garden

STRATEGIC PLANNING SCHEMES

MASTER PLAN, GREEN AREAS AND PUBLIC SPACES PROJECT

MOBILITY

CROSS SECTION AND DESIGN REFERENCES EXISTING SOCIAL ACTIVITY

isole di socialita’

orti urbani

spazi semip

PRESIDI ESISTENTI

VERDE DI COMUNITA’

SOCIAL ISLANDS

isole di socialita’

PRESIDI ESISTENTI

orti urbani

spazi semipubblici

ECONOMIA DI PROSSIMITA’

VERDE DI COMUNITA’

SOCIAL VEGETABLE GARDENS

isole di socialita’

orti urbani

PRESIDI ESISTENTI VERDE DI COMUNITA’ isole di socialita’

orti urbani

SEMI-PUBBLIC SPACES ECONOMIA DI PROSSIMITA’

VERDE DI COMUNITA’

NEW BUILDINGS

orti urbani

ECONOMIA DI PROSSIMITA’

spazi semipubblici

PRESIDI ESISTENTI

isole di socialita’

spazi semipubblici

ECONOMY OF PROXIMITY

spazi semipubblici

PRESIDI ESISTENTI

ECONOMIA DI PROSSIMITA’

VERDE DI COMUNITA’

ONGOING TRASFORMATIONS OF EXISTING BUILDINGS REUSE PROJECTS

COMMUNITY PROCESS isole di socialita’

3.26

3. 7 6

3 .7

3. 76

6 4 .2

6 3 .2

4.76 4.76 4 .2 6

6 4 .2 6 4.76

6 3 .7 6

3.26

4. 7

3. 7

4. 2

6 6

3. 7

3.76 34.76 . 76 3 .7 6 3 .7 6

4. 2

3. 2

3 .7

3. 76 4.76

3.7 6

4.76

3. 76 3 . 7 6 4 .2 6 4.76

6 3 .7

4. 2

3. 2

3.76

6 4. 7

4 .7 6 3 .7 6

4.76

3. 76 4.76

< 2.76 3.01 3.27 3.52 3.78 4.03 4.29 4.54 4.80 > 5.05 Min: 2.76 Max: 5.00

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

PMV < 2.76 3.01 3.27 3.52 3.78 4.03 4.29 N 4.54 4.80 > 5.05 Min: 2.76<Right foot> Max: 5.00

3.76

4.76

4 .7 6

4.26 764 3 .7 6 .7 6 3.7 6

4.76

4.2 6

3.76 4.263.7 4.76 6

4.76

4 .2

3.7 6 3 .7

4 .7

4.2 6

4 .3.76 26 4.76

4.2 64.2

4.76 4.76

4.7 6

3.76

6 3. 7

3 .7 6

4.76 4.76 4 .2 6

3.26

3 .7

3. 7

3 . 74.764.76 6

3.76 4.263.7 4.76 6

3.76 6

3.76

4 .2 6

4.76

4.2 6

34.2 . 7 66 4.7 6

3.76

4.76

4. 26

3.76

4.76

6 3. 7

3. 7

4.2 6

3. 76

4. 7

4 .7 6 3 .7 6

3 .7

3 .7 6 4.76

3 .7 6

4.76

3.76

6 3. 7 6 3. 7

6 4. 7

3.76

. 76

6 3.26 3.76 3 4 .2

4. 2 3.76

76 4.

3.76

4.76

4 .2 3.76 6

6 3. 7

.7 63

6 3.26 3.76 3

3. 76

4.26

3.76

3 .7 6

. 76

6 3. 7

4 .2

3.76

4.76

3 .7 6 76

3 .7 3.26 6 3 .7 6

34.2 .7 66

3 .7 3.76

4.76

3. 7 4.26 6 4.26

3.76

3. 7 6 4.26

6 3.76

4 .7

3.76

3.76 4.26 3. 76

6 3. 76

4 .7 6

4. 7

6 3 .7

3 .7 6 4.26 6

4 .7

3. 7 6 4.26 3.76

3. 76

3. 7 4 .7 6

3. 7

6 3. 7

3.764.76 4.26 4.76 3. 4 .32.7 4.764.76 7 6 66 3. 76 3 .7 6

3 .7

6 3 .7

3 .7 4.26 6

3.76

6 3 .7

3 .7 6

26 3. . 76

3. 7

3. 76

4.76

4.76 4.76

6 3.76

3 .7

3.76

4.26 4.76

3.3.76 76 4.26 3

3.76

4. 76

4 .7 6

4.76

3. 7

3 .7

3 .7 6 4.26

3 .7 6

3 .7

3.76 4.26

3. 7

3.76

4 .2 3. 76 6

3.76

4.76 3 .7 4.26 6 4.76 3.76 4.76

6 3 .7

3.26

3.76

3 .7

. 76 3.376 76 6

33. .7

4.76

3 .7

3. 4.764.76 7 6

4.26

6 3.76 3. 7

3.26 3.764.76 4.26

4.26

3 .7

4.76

4.76 4.76 4.76 3.76 4.76 6

6 4 .7 6

3 .7

3.76

4.26

6 3 .7

3.26

3.76

4.26 3.26

6 3. 7

4.26

3 .7 6 3 . 7 4.76 6

3.76

3 .7

3.76

3 .7

4.26 33.26 .7 6

4.26

3. 7

3.76

3.26

6 4.263.76 3.26

3.76 4.26

3.76

4 .2 3.76 6

6 4 3.3.26 . 2 676

6 3 .7

3 .7

3.76

3. 7 6

4 .2

3 .7

6 3. 7

4 .7

3. 76 3.26

Sim Ferrara_Post 14:00 24.06.2017

3.76 4.76

3.76

6 4.76

3 .7 6 3 .7 6

3.76

4.76

4.76 6 4.23.76

3.76 4.26 3 .7 6

3.76

6 4. 2 6

6 4.26 3 . 73 . 7

3. 7

6 3. 76

4 4 .7 6.2 6

3.7 6

4 .2

4. 76

4 .2 6

6 4.26

3. 2

3 .7

3. 7

.7 6

. 76

3. 76 3. 7 6

3.76 4 6

4.26 4.76

4.76 3.76

4 .7 6

4 .7 6 6 4.7

550.00

4. 7

4. 26 6

4.7 6

4. 2

4.76

4 .7 6

6 3.76

500.00

4.76

3.76 3 . 7

4. 7

3. 7

4.76 3.76 4.763.76

3. 7

4.26

6 4.76

4.26

3 .7 6

4.76

4.26

3.76 3.26 3.76 4.26

3.76

Y (m)

4 . 2 3.76 64.26 3.76

6 4 33.26 . 2.7 66

6 3 .7

4. 7

764 3 .7 6 .7 6

76 34..2 6 6 3. 7 3.76 4 .7 6

3. 7

4.26

4 .7 6

4 .2

3.76

3.76 4.76

3.76 6 4. 7 3.76

3. 7

3.76

3 .7 6 3. 76

6 3.76 4.76

6 4 .2 6

3 .7

4 .2

3.76 3.76

3.76

6 4. 2 6 6 3 . 7 3.7

4.76

3 3 .7

4.26 3.76 3.76 4.76

3. 7

3.76

3.7 6

3.76

3.76 3 .7 6

3.76

4 .7 6

6 4 .2 3.76

3. 7

.7 6

4 .2 63.76 3.26

4.26 3.76

3. 7

3.76 4 6

3. 76

4. 26

3 .7

3. 7 6

4. 7

3.76

4.76

4.76 6 4.23.76

6 3 .7 . 76 3

4.26

3 .7 3.26 4 . 2 6 4.26 3.76 46.2

6 4.76

450.00

3 .7 6

3.76 3.26

4.76

3 3.763.76

4 .7 6

PMV

3. 7

4 .2 6 6 3. 7

4. 7

4 .2 6

4 .7 6 4.263.76 3.26

6 4.76

4 .7 6 6 . 7 64.7

3.764.26 . 76

3 .7

3.76

3.76 6 34.7 .2 6 6 3 .7 3.76 6 4 .7

3.76

4 .7 6

3. 7

4 .2

4. 26

4.26

0.00

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

250.00

300.00

350.00

400.00

450.00

3. 7

3. 2

4.2 6

3. 7

3.76 3 .

3.26

4.2 6

3.76 3.26

3.7 6

0.00

3.76

500.00

3.76

3. 2

6 3 .67 3.76 3.2

4. 26

Y (m)

3 .7

3.76 4.76

4. 7

3.76

3.76 3.76 4. 76

3.76

6 3. 7 3.76

6 3 .7 3.76

3. 7

Y (m)

3 .7

6 3.76 3 .7 6

3.76

4 .2

3. 76

3.76 4.76 76 4.

3.76 4.76

3.76 6 4. 7 3.76

6 4.76

4.26

4.26 3.76 3.76 4.76

4. 76

4.76 4.26

4. 7

. 76

4.26 76 3.

3.76

3 . 76

3. 7

4.26

3.76

3. 7

3. 76 6 3. 7

3. 7

4. 26 6

4.7 6

4 .2

4. 26

3. 7 6 6 4. 2

3.7 6

3. 7

4 .2 6

66 33.7. 7

400.00

3.76

4.76 3.76 4.763.76

3. 7

3.76

6 4 .2 6 3 .7

4.76

3 .7

350.00

6 3 . 73 . 7 6 3.76

3.76 3.76 3.76 4.26

4 .2

4. 2633.76 . 7 6 3.26

3. 7

.7 6

3. 7

3 .67 3. 7

3. 76 6 3. 7

3. 7

4. 26

4.76 6 4. 7 6 6 3.73.7

3.76

3. 7 6

3.26

3.76

3 .7 6 3.3.76 .7 6 76 6 3 3 .7 4 . 62

6 3 .7 . 76 3

3 .7 6 3 .7 63.26

4.76 3.76

300.00

X (m) 3.76

3 .7 6

3.76 3.76 4. 76

4.7 6

3. 76

3. 7

4. 2

4.26

6 3.26

3.76

4.76

6 4.7 6 4 .2 6

3. 76

3. 7

4. 26 3. 7 6 6 3 .7 3. 7

3 .2

4. 7

4. 76

3.76 4.76 76 4.

3.76 4.76

3 .7

3.76

6 6

3.76 6

3.76

3. 7 3. 7

4.26 76 3.

3. 7

3.76

3.76 3.76

3.76

3 .7 7 6 3 .6

3.76

4.76 4.26

4 .2

3.76

4 .23 . 7 4.2 6 6 6

3.7 6

250.00

3.76

4 .7

4. 7

4.26

200.00

3.76 3. 7

3.76

3.76 3

6 3.26

4.26 3.7 6

3. 7

6 4.26

4.26

4.76 6

3 .7

4 .2

4.26

3 .7

3.76

3.2 6

3.76

4.7 6

4.26 6 3. 7

3.76

63.76

3. 7

3.76

3. 7

3.76

. 76

3.76

3.26

6 3. 7

4. 2

4 .23 .7 6 6

6 3 .73 .7 6 3.76

4. 26

4.26

3.76

150.00

3. 7

3. 76 6 3 .7 6 3 .7

6 3 .7 .2 6 6 43.26

4.76

3.26

3.76

4. 2

3. 7 6

3. 7

4.76

3.7 6

4.26

3.76 3.26

4.76 3.76

3 .7

4.26

3.764.26 4.26

3 .7

3.76

3 .7 66 3 .37.7 66 3 . 7 3.26

4. 7

3.76 3.76 3.76 4.26

3.76

3.76 6 3.76 3.73.76

36.7 6 4.7 6 4 .2 6

.7 6 .73 6 34.26

3. 26 3. 76 6 3 .7

63.26

6 3 .7 3.76

4 4.26 3.763.26 .2 6

3.76 3.76

3.76 4 .7

3.76

3.76 3.7 6

6 4. 7

3.76

3 .7

4. 2 6 4.26 3.76 3.26 3.76 3.76

4 .2 6

3. 7

6 3 .7 6

4 .2

3 .67 . 76

3.76

76 4 . 2

3.76

4.76

3.76

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m) 3.76 3.26

6 3 .7 3.763.76

3 .7

3.76

3. 7

3 .7

. 76 4.26 3

4. 2

3.26

3.76 6 4. 2

3 .7 .7 6

3.76

3 .7

3.76

6 3 . 74.26 3.76 3. 7 6

4.26 3.26

4.7 6

100.00

3.76

3. 76

3.26

4 .7

4.7 6

6 4. 2

3.76

3.76 3.26

3.7 6

6 3.76 4. 2

4. 2

6 4 .7

3.26 3.76 3.76

3.76

3 .7

3.76

4.26 6 3 .7

3.76 4.26

4.76

3 .7

3.76

4.26

4 .2

3 .7

4 .7

3.76

4. 2

3 .7

6 3 .7 6 3 .7

3 .7

4.26

3.26

6 3 .73 .7 6

Sim Ferrara_Post 14:00 24.06.2017

3.76

3.76 3.76

3.76

4.26

3 .7

4.26 3. 26

3.76 6

3.76 4.26

4.76

4.26

Y (m)

ECONOMIA DI PROSSIMITA’

3 .7

3.26

3.76

.7 4.26 3

3 .7

6 3 .7 .7 6

3.76 3.76

3.76

3 .7

3.26

3 .7 3.76 3 .7 6

3 .7

3. 7

4.76

3.26

3.76 6

3 .7

3.7 6

4 .2

3.26 3.76

3 .7 3 .7

.2 6

3.76 3.7 6

4.76

3.76 4.76

4 .2

3.7 6

3 .7

3.76

6 3. 7

3.76

3 .7

3.76

3.76 3.26

3.26 3.76

FERRARA SAN PAOLO DARSENA / 1

4.26

Milano - engineer, Giuseppe Orselli - agronomist, Giulia Pentella - architect, Claudia Piscitelli - urban planner, Elisa Spada - landscape designer, Samantha Trombetta

3.76

Alberto Malavasi - hydraulic engineer, Luca Marcheselli - agronomist, Maria Vittoria Mastella - ‘city maker’ architect, Silvia Mazzanti - Ferrara Municipality, Giuseppe

4.26 3.76 3.26 6 3.76 3 .7

Squadra Ferrara 1 / Filippo Armani - architect, Silvia Bertoni - mobility engineer, Tiziana Coletta - Ferrara Municipality, Francesca Guerzoni - Ferrara Municipality,

3.26 6 3 .7

ENVI_met

3.26

550.00

4. 2

6 .7

3.76

4 .7 6

500.00

3. 76

450.00

3. 7 4 6

. 26

6 4. 2

3. 76

4. 2

4. 26

6 3 .7 3.76 3.2 6

3.76

.7 6

4.7 6

3. 7

400.00

350.00

3. 7

300.00

X (m)

4.26

250.00

3.76

200.00

4 .2

3. 7

3 .7 6

4. 76

3.76

50.00

3 .7

3. 7

50.00

3.76

150.00

6 3.26 3.76

100.00

3. 7

50.00

0.00

3 .7

3.26 3.76

150.00

4. 26

4.76

100.00

3.76

0.00

3.26

3.76

6 3.76 4 .2

4 .2

3.76

3. 76 3 6 6 3.26 3 .7 3 .7 4 .2 6 6 6 6 3 . 73 .7 6 3.76 3.26 3. 7 4 .2 3. 7 6 3.26 3 .4.76 3. 7 3.76 76 6 3.26 76 6 3.76 4.76 3.76 3.76 3. 4 .2 3 .7 6 3 .7 3.76 3. 6 76 6 7 3. 3.76 6 .2 6 3 .7 3 .7 4.26 .2 6 3.76 6

3 .2

0.00

3.76

50.00

3. 7

100.00

3.76

4.2 6

ENVI_met

4. 76

Flow v 0.60<Right m/s foot> 1.20 m/s 1.80 m/s 2.40 m/s 3.00 m/s

ENVI_met

150.00

4.26 3.26 3.76 3.76 4.26 . 7 6 3.26 4.26 3.76

X (m)

200.00

3.76 3.26 .7 6

550.00

.7 6 736

500.00

450.00

3 .7 4 .2 6

3.76

400.00

3 .7

3.76

3. 76

350.00

0.00

3.26 3.76

300.00

6 4. 2 3 .7 6

6 50.00 3. 7

3.76 3. 7 6

6 3. 7 3.76 4.26

4 .2 6 6 3 .7 3 .7 3.26 6 76 3.76 3. 3.76

3 .73.76 6

3.26 3.76

4 .2

3.76

6 3 .7 3.76 4.26

63.76

3.26

3.76

250.00

4 .2

4 .2 3

3.76

4.26

200.00

250.00

3 .7

100.00

300.00

.7 6

4 .7 6

150.00

3 .2

4.26 3.76 4.26

100.00

6 4 .2 3 .76 6 3 .7

4 . 27 6 .76 3 6 6 3. 7

63.76 4. 2

4. 76

50.00

350.00

4 .7 6

0.00

150.00 3.76

3 .7 6

0.00

200.00

4.76

50.00

3.76

4 . 23.76 6

6 4.76 4. 2 6 3 .2

250.00

3.76

100.00

3. 7

6 200.00 4 .2

400.00

3 .2

3.76 3 .7 6

3. 7

300.00

450.00

6 3.76

150.00

300.00

3. 7

32.00 °C 32.52 °C Flow v 33.04 °C 0.60 m/s 33.56 °C 1.20 m/s 34.08 °C 1.80 m/s 2.40 m/s 34.60 °C 3.00 m/s 35.12 °C > 35.64 °C Min: 30.83 °C Max: 35.56 °C

350.00

3.26

4.76

200.00

3.76 4. 2

3. 76

250.00

6 4.26

500.00

4 .7 6

400.00

4. 2

4 .2

3.76

6 4.76 4 .2 6 3 .2

300.00

3.76 350.00

3.76 3.26

450.00

3 .7

. 76 736

350.00

550.00

. 76 33.26

< 30.96 °C 31.48 °C x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m) 32.00 °C 32.52 °C 33.04 °C 33.56 °C 34.08 °C 34.60 °C 35.12 Air °C Temperature > 35.64 °C < 30.96 °C Min: 30.83 °C Max: 35.56 °C 31.48 °C

3.76

4 .23.76 6

6 3.76

500.00

400.00

3 .7

400.00

3 .7

4 .2

4.76

Sim Ferrara_Post 14:00:00 Air Temperature 24.06.2017

550.00

3.26

EX POST 450.00

4. 76

450.00

3.76 4 .2

.7 6 33.26

EX POST

The PMV index expresses EX ANTE the opinion of individuals regarding thermal comfort in a given microclimatic condition. The ex-ante map presents consistent and high values, greater than 4.5 ‘very, very hot.’ The project map shows a localized improvement in the open spaces where trees and fields have been inserted, with a PMV equal to 3 ‘hot.’

6 4.26

500.00

The map illustrates the EX ANTE temperature distribution (color) and the wind direction and intensity (arrows). In its current state it shows values between to 0.6 m/s ‘calm’ and 3.0 m/s, differing closer to buildings. The proposed solution is rather effective and can decrease the intensity of the wind, decreasing the number and intensity of vectors.

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

500.00

4 .7

3 .7 6 3 .7 4.76 6

3 .7

3.76

550.00 4 .2

Sim Ferrara_Post 14:00:00 24.06.2017

spazi semipubblici

VERDE DI COMUNITA’

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / PMV (PREDICTED MEAN VOTE) / 24.06.2017 - H 13:00 550.00

orti urbani

PRESIDI ESISTENTI

3.76 4.26

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / WIND SPEED / 24.06.2017 - H 14:00

BUILDINGS

3. 76

ORANGE INFRASTRUCTURE

BLU INFRASTRUCTURE

4.76

GREEN PLOTS

3.76

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

550.00

X (m)

ENVI_met

- urbanist, Matteo Zamagni - landscape designer, Anna Zappòli, official Emilia-Romagna Region, Stefano Zec near graduate Civil Engineer-Architecture University.

PROJECT STUDY AREA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

ECOLOGY AND GREEN URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE LIVABILITY OF THE HISTORICAL CENTER ECO-DARSENA: COMFORT DOWNTOWN up of a system of three canals that connect the historical center to the Darsena, to guarantee water safety and increase comfort, foreseeing the possibility of inverting the water flows according to hygrometric conditions. Constructed wetlands are planned for the waters entering the canals. A continuous green infrastructure is simultaneously developed, which is also a link to the existing fabric, and is made up of three areas: an artificial hill in the ex-MOF with an urban forest (ash, lime, and Judas trees) to cover an underground parking lot; the recovery and naturalization of the ex Camilli area through the use of hemp, and a protected green space for organizing educational workshops in the ex-Pisa area.

The objective of the project is to create an eco-district that is resilient, both seismically and climatically; energy efficient; and that contains a mix of functions. With the creation of a large urban park in the public area near the Darsena, the ecological potential of the district is recognized and valued, with the intention to provide for continuity to the green space system along the walls. The regeneration of public areas serves thus as a driver for the valorization of the existing building heritage, attracting public and private funding, both for internal investments in the regenerated areas by adding new uses and functions, and for the investments in widespread regeneration of the surrounding building fabric. The project is based on the creation of a blue infrastructure made

1. PRELIMINARY DREDGING OPERATION OF THE RIVERBED AND EXCISION OF THE ALGAL MATERIAL ON THE SURFACE 2. FLOODABLE DITCHES 3. FLOODABLE DITCH WITH INSULATED BOTTOM IN RECLAMATION AREA 4. PHYTODEPURATION CONES TO FILTER WATER OF THE CANAL

5. PEDESTRIAN-BIKE CROSSINGS 6. GROUND FLUSH PUMPS FOR WATER FLOW 7. TANKS ON FLOATING RAFTS FOR PHYTO-PURIFICATION 8. RECEPTORS FOR HYDRAULIC INVARIANCE AND URBAN DRAINAGE OF THE OLD TOWN 9. FLOODABLE DITCH

LARGE SIZE TREES

LAWN

MEDIUM SIZE TREES

HEMP FOR DECONTAMINATION

ROWS OF TREES

PERGOLA FOR SHADING

GROUP OF TREES

AQUATIC PLANTS FOR PHYTO-PURIFICATION

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE

BLUE INFRASTRUCTURE

RAFTS

QUAY

VIA DARSENA

DARSENA CROSS SECTION

MASTER PLAN, GREEN AREAS AND PUBLIC SPACES PROJECT CORSO ISONZO: EXISTING SITUATION

CORSO ISONZO: PROJECT PROPOSAL

3.26

4.76 4.76 4 .2 6

3. 76

3. 7

3.76 4.76

6 4 .2

3 .7

6 3 .2

6 4 .7

3. 76

3. 7

3.76 4.76

4 .7

3. 76

4. 2

3. 7

6 3. 2

6 4 .7

3. 7

3.76

4.26

6 3. 2 6 3 .7 6 3.764.76

4. 7

4. 2

4.26

3.76

3.7 6

3.76

4. 7

3.76

4.76

4.26 3 .7 6 4.76

3. 76

4.7 6

3. 7

3.76

300.00

4.26

350.00

400.00

450.00

3. 2

4.2 6

3. 7

4.26

34.26 . 76

3. 4 . 276 6

3.76 3 .

34.26 .7 6 4.2 6

500.00

3.76

4.76 4.76 4 .2 6

3.76

4. 2 3.76

3. 7

6 3 .7 6

4.76

6 4. 2

3.76

4. 7

4. 2

4.26

3.76 3. 7 6 3.76 3. 7

3.76

4.26 3.76 3. 7 6 4.76

4.26

250.00

4 .2

< 2.76 3.01 3.27 3.52 3.78 4.03 4.29 N 4.54 4.80 > 5.05 Min: 2.79<Right foot> Max: 4.98

4 .7 6

200.00

4 .7 6

3.26

3.764.76

3. 76

6 4 .7

3 .7

3.7 6

3 .7

3 .7 3.26 6

3. 7 4.26

6 3.7 6

3. 7

4.7 6

4.26

3.7 6 34.26 . 76

3.76

3 .7

6 4 .2

4.26

3.76

34.2 . 7 66 3.26

3.76

4. 7

3.76

34.26 .7 6 3.7 6 4.26

3. 7

4.26

34.26 .7 6

3 .7

3.26

3.7 6

3.76

3 .7

3.76

4 .2

3.76 3. 7

3. 7

3.7 6

3.76

3 .7 4.26

4 .7

4.76

4.26

3.76

6 3 .7

4 .7

3. 7

6 4. 76

3.76

4.76

4. 2

6 4.26 3. 7

3.76

150.00

3.76 3.26

3.76 4.76 4.76 4.76 3.76

4.26

4. 2

3.7 6

4. 7

550.00 3 .7

4.76

4.26

6 3 .7

4 .7

4.26

3. 7

3.76

6 3. 7 3.76 3 .7 6

6 4.26 3.76

4.26

4.76 3.76 3.76

3.76

3. 7

3 .7

3 .7 6 4.26

4.76

3. 7 4.26 6 4.26

3.76

6 3. 7

6 3 .7

4 .7

3 .7

3.76

3. 7

3. 7 6 4.26

6 3. 76

4 .2

6 4. 2 3. 3. 76 4 .276 6

6 3. 76

3 .7

3 .7 4.26 6

3.76

3. 7

4.76 3.76 4.26

3.76

4.26

3.7 6

4. 2

4.76

6 76 3.

3.76

3 .7

4.76

3.76 3.76

3.76

3. 7

4.76 3.76 6 4 .7 6 4 .7

3. 76

3.76

6 3. 2 3.7 6

6 3. 7

3. 7

4 .2 6 4.76

3 .7 6

3.76

6 3 .7 6 4.26

3 .7 6

6 4 .2 4.26

3. 7

3 .7 6

3 .7

6 3.76 3 . 7 4.76 6

3 .7 6 4.26

4.76

3.26 3 .7 6

33.76 .7 6 3. 76

4.76 6 3.76

3. 7

4.26

4.76 3 .7 6 3 .7 4.76 6 3.76 6 4.76

4.26 4.76

4 .7 6

3. 2

4.26

3. 76

4 .7 6

3 .7

3.76

3.76 4.7 6

3 .7 6

3. 7

3.7 4.7 6 6

3 .7

3.76

3.76 4.26

3 .7

3 .7 3.76

3.76

3.76 3.26 3.76 4.26

3 .7

4.26

4.26 3. 76

4.26

6 3. 7

4.26

4.76 3 .7 6 3 . 7 4.76 6

4.26 4.76

500.00

4.26

3. 7

3.76

3.76 6 4.76

3 .7 6 3.763. 76

3 .7 6

4.26

4 .7 6

3.76

4.26

3.76

6 6 4 .3.3.26 2 676

3 .7

3. 7 6

76 3.

3.76 4.26 3.76

3.76

3.26

6 3. 7

4.26 3. 7 6

4.26 3.76

Y (m)

3. 7

3.76

4 .2

6 3 .7 6 4 .33.26 2.7 66

3 .7

4.26

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

PMV

4 .2 6 6 3. 7 3.76

3. 7

4. 2

4 .7 6

4 .2

3.76 3.76

3.76

4 .7 6

100.00

3.76

3. 7

3.76

3.76 4.76 4.76 4.76 3.76

4 .2

4. 2

3.76

4 .2 6

3.76

4.76

3.76 6 3 .7

6 4 .2 3.76

3. 7

6 3 . 73.76

76 4. 3.76

50.00

76 3.763 .236.

3.7 6

3.76

4. 76

Ferrara_R4 14:00 24.06.2017

< 2.76 3.01 3.27 3.52 3.78 4.03 4.29 4.54 4.80 > 5.05 Min: 2.79 Max: 4.98

3 . 7 4.26 4 .7 6 6

4.26

3. 7

3 .7 6

4.26

3. 7 4.7 6 6 76 4.

3. 7

3. 76

4 .7 6

3.26

4.26 3.76

3 .7

3. 76

450.00

PMV

3. 7

4. 2

6 3. 7 3.76

6 3 . 7 3.76

3. 76

3.76

3. 7

4.26 3.76

6 4.76

4.76

Y (m)

3 .7

Y (m)

6 3.7 6

4 .2

4.76

4. 2

Y (m)

3 .7 3.76 6 3 .7

3.76

4.26

6 4.26 3. 7

3.76

4.26

3.76

3. 26

0.00

3 .7 6

3 .67 3. 7

3. 7

4. 26

0.00

6 4 .7

3.7 63.76

3 .7

4.26

3.76

3 .7 3.26 4 .2 6 4.26 3.76 4 .2

3.76

3.76 3. 7 6

4 .2 6 6 3 .7 3.76

6 3. 7 3.76

4.76 3.76 6 4 .7 6 4 .7

3.764.26 3.76

4.76

3.76

3.676 3 .7

3.76

3. 7

4 .7 6

4.76

3.76

400.00

6 4. 2

6 4. 76

4.76 4.764 .7

6 63 . 73 .7 6 3.26

3.76

6 3.76

3.76

4.76

4. 7

4.266

350.00

3. 7

4 .2

3. 7

.7 6 33.76 76 3.

4. 2

3. 7

4 .2

3.76

4.26

6 3.76

3.676 3.7

4 .2

3. 7

4 .2 6

76 4. 3.76

3.76 3.26

3. 7

4.26 3

X (m)

3. 7

6 3 .7 3.76

3. 76

6 3 . 7 3.26

4 .2

4.26 . 76

3.76

4. 76

3.76

3. 7

3 .7 6

4.7 6

4.76

4 .2

3. 76

3.76

3 .7

3.7 6

3.76 3.76

3.76

7 4.76 6 76 4.

4. 2

3 .7

4.76 4.764 .7 6

3.76

3. 7

3.76

63.76

3.76

4 .2 6 4.76

6 4.76

.7 6

300.00

4 .2

3.76

3.76 3

3.2 6

3.76

6 6 36.7 .7 633.7 663.26

3.7 6 3 .7

3. 7

3.76

250.00

4 .2

3. 7

3.76

4 .2 3.76 3.7

6 3 .7 .7 6 34.26

4 .2 6

3.76

3. 7

4 .7

4. 76

4. 7

3 .7

6 3 .7 76 3.

3.76 63.676 3.73.7

3 .7

4.26 3.76

4.26

3. 76

4. 76 3.76

4.26

3.76 4.76

.2 43

6 4.26 3 .7 3.76

4 .2

. 7 6 3.7 33.76 .7 6 7 6 6 4.76 3.7 3. 6

3.76

3. 7

3.76

4 .2

3.7 6

3.76

3.76 4.2 6 76 3.

3.76

3. 7

4 .2

4.76

3.76

4. 26

200.00

3.76

3. 7

3.76

4. 76 4.26 3.76

3 .7

4.26

4.76

4.76 4.76 4.76

4 .7 6 3.76 6 4.76 4. 2 4.26

3.76

3.26

3. 76

3. 7

4. 2

150.00

. 76 3. 76

3.7 6

4.263

4.26

3.76 3.26

3.76

4.26

4 4.26 3.763.26 .2 6

4.26 6 3.763.76 3. 7 6 3.76

4.26 3.76

3.76

4 .7 6

3.7 6 3 .7 6

4 .2 6

4.76

100.00

3.76

3 .7

3.76 3.76

3 .7 6

4. 2

4.26

3. 7

4.76

3 .7

3.76

3. 7

4 .2

6 3. 7

4 .7 676

3.76

3. 7

4 .2

3.76 4.76

64 .2 6

3.76

3. 7

4.76

4.26

6 76 3. .26 4

3.76

4.76

3.76 3.26

3. 7

4 .2 6

3.76 4.26 76 3.

4.76

4. 2

3.76

4 .2 6 4.76

4.26 4.26 3. 26

3.76

3 .7

3.76

4 .266

3.76

6 3 .7

4 .2 6

3 .7

3. 76

4.26

3 .7

4.76

4.76 4.76 4.76

4 .7

3.76

3 .7

6 3 .7 3.76

3 .7

4.76 6 4 . 2 3. 76

3 .7 6 .7 6 3

4 .7

3.763.76

3 .7

3. 76

4.76

3 .7

6 3 . 73 .7 6

6 4.74.26 3.76

3 .7

3.76

4.7 63.76

6 4.7 6

3 .7

3.76

3 .7

3 .7 6 3.76 6 4.76 3. 7

3.76

3 .7

4.26

3.76

4. 26

6 3 .7 4 .7 64.26

3.76 3. 76

3 .67 6

3. 7

4.76 4.26 3.76

3.76

3 .7

4.76

4. 2

3 .7

4 .2

3.7 6

3 .7

3.76

3. 7

3.76

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

3.76 3.26

3.76

4.26 6 3 .7

3 .7

3.76 3.26

3.76

6 36. 7 3.76 3. 7 6

.7 6

3.76

.7 6

3 .7

4.26 3. 26

4 .2 6

3.76

4 .7 6

3.26

3 .7

3.76

3 .7

3.76

4.26

4.76

76 6 4.4 . 2

4 .2

6 3 .7 6 3 .7

Ferrara_R4 14:00 24.06.2017

3.76 3 .7 6

3.76 3.76

3.76

4.26

4 .2

3. 7

4.26

3.76

3.7 6

4 .2

3.26

6 3.76 4. 2

4 .2 6

3.76

.2 6

3 .7

3.26

3.76

3.764.26

6 3. 7

4.76

3. 76 76 3.

3.76 3.76

3.76

3 .7

3.76

6 3.76 3.7 6

3.76

3 .7

3.76

3 .7

FERRARA SAN PAOLO DARSENA / 2

50.00

4.76 .7 6

3. 7 4 6

3.76

Marchi - architect, Viola Marrucci - landscape architect, Silvia Parmeggiani - agronomist, Ilias Pierangeli - engineer, Chiara Porretta - officer

100.00

4.26 3.76 6 6 6 3.26 3 .7 3.26 3.76 3 .7 3 .7

- architect, Valerio Francia - engineer, Flavio Gardini - architect, Marco Lorenzetti - officer Municipality of Ferrara, Giacomina Lorusso - agronomist, Giuseppe

4 .2

3.76 3.26

Team Ferrara 2 / Francesco Ballerini - mobility engineer, Saverio Cioce - urban planner, Giacomo Corda - landscape designer, Arturo Cristiano Dapporto

4 .7 6

150.00

4.7 6 6

ENVI_met

4.76

4 .7

550.00

500.00

4. 2

3. 7

ENVI_met

3. 76

450.00

3. 7

4.26 6 3.26 3. 7

400.00

3. 7

350.00

300.00

X (m)

3. 7

250.00

4.26

200.00

3.76

150.00

100.00

3 .7

50.00

3.26

0.00

3 .7 3.763. 26

50.00

3.76

0.00

4 .7 6

3 .7

6 3 .73 .7 6

3. 76

3.76

4. 26

3 .7

50.00

3.26

4. 2

3 .7

4.76

3.76

6 3 .7 .7 6

3.76

3. 7

100.00

3.2 6

0.00

3.26 3.76

Flow v 0.60<Right m/s foot> 1.20 m/s 1.80 m/s 2.40 m/s 3.00 m/s

ENVI_met

4.76

150.00

3.76

X (m)

6 3.26 3.76

3. 7

550.00

500.00

3. 7

450.00

3.76

400.00

350.00

3.76

4 .2 6

3 .7

3.76

300.00

3 .7 4 .2 6

3. 76

250.00

3.26 3.76

200.00

3.76

3. 76

3.76

4.76 .7 6

3 .7 3.76 3 .7 6

4.26 4.76 4.26

4. 26

.2 6

4.76

4 .2 6

3.76 4. 76

3. 7

4 .2

3.76

3.26

3.76

3. 7 6 3.26 . 76 33.76 4 .7 3.76 4. 76 4.26 3.76 6 4. 7 3.76 6 4.76 6 4.76 4 .2 6 3 .7 4.264.26

3.76

150.00

0.00

3.76 6 3.76 4 .2

3 .7 6 3.26 3.76 3.76

3.76

4 .2

3.76

3 .73.76 6

3.26

3.76

100.00

6 3. 7 4.26

50.00

200.00

3.76 3. 7 6

4.7 6

0.00

250.00

3 .7 6

0.00

200.00

6 50.00 3. 7

3.26 4.26 6 3.26 3. 7

50.00

300.00

6 4.76 4. 2 3.2 6

250.00

4. 2

6 6 3 .7

.7 6 33.76 4.26 4. 7 6 6 3 .7

3.76

4 .2

100.00

4 .2

6 76 3.

3 .7

3.76

100.00

4. 76 4. 76 3.76 6 4. 2

300.00

150.00 3 .2

3. 7 6 4 . 26

3. 7

150.00

3.76 3.76 4.76 3.76

350.00

3 .7

3.76 3 .7 6

6 200.00 4 .2

6 3 .7 3.76

32.00 °C 32.52 °C Flow v 33.04 °C 0.60 m/s 33.56 °C 1.20 m/s 34.08 °C 1.80 m/s 2.40 m/s 34.60 °C 3.00 m/s 35.12 °C > 35.64 °C Min: 31.07 °C Max: 35.68 °C

350.00

4. 2

3. 7

250.00

4.76

200.00

3 .2 6

300.00

400.00

76 4. 76 3.76 6 4 .2

3.26 6 3.76 3 .7 3.76 4.26 . 7 6 3.26 4.26 3.76

250.00

450.00

3 .2

3. 76

400.00

6 4.26

500.00

3.76 4. 2

300.00

3.76 350.00

4. 2

6 4.76 4 .2 3.2 6

450.00

3 .7

. 76 736

350.00

550.00

4 .2

3 .7 6 4 .26

3.76 3.76 4.76 3.76

. 76 33.26

< 30.96 °C 31.48 °C 32.00 °C 32.52 °C 33.04 °C 33.56 °C 34.08 °C 34.60 °C 35.12 Air °C Temperature > 35.64 °C < 30.96 °C Min: 31.07 °C Max: 35.68 °C 31.48 °C

4 .2

400.00

6 3 .7 3.76

500.00

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

3 .7

3.76 3.26 .7 6

400.00

EX POST 450.00

4.76

Ferrara R4 14:00 24.06.2017 Air Temperature

550.00

3 .2 6

.7 6 33.26

450.00

The PMV index expresses EX ANTE the opinion of individuals regarding thermal comfort in a given microclimatic condition. The ex-ante map presents consistent and high values, greater than 4.5 ‘very, very hot.’ The project map shows a significant localized improvement in the open spaces where trees and fields have been inserted near the banks.

3.76 4 .2

.7 6 736

EX POST 500.00

x/y Cut at k=4 (z=1.8000 m)

500.00

Ferrara R4 14:00 24.06.2017

550.00

6 4.26

33.76 . 76 3 4 .2 6 .7 6 3.26 3 .7 3 .674.76 4.76 6

3 .7

3.76

4 .2

3.76

550.00

3.76

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / PMV (PREDICTED MEAN VOTE) / 24.06.2017 - H 13:00

4.76 6 4 .2 3.7 6

ENVI-MET SIMULATION / WIND SPEED / 24.06.2017 - H 14:00

HEMP FOR DECONTAMINATION AND RENATURATION

3. 7

PATHWAY ALONG THE DARSENA

SECTION OF THE PARKING AREA AND THE GREEN HILL

3.76

STRATEGIC PLANNING SCHEME

550.00

X (m)

ENVI_met

Municipality of Ferrara, Mariagrazia Ricci - urban designer, Simone Toni - architect, Clara Tumiati officer Unione Comuni Terre e Fiumi.

PROJECT STUDY AREA

REBUS Lab Emilia-Romagna Region bit.ly/rebus-laboratorio Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

CITIES FOR PEOPLE THE EXPERIENCE OF REBUS LABORATORIES FOR MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE Creative Commons License AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)

You can print this panel without changing its contents. When the contents are quoted, even only partially, it is necessary to indicate the REBUS Lab as source.

EXHIBITION PROMOTED BY EMILIA-ROMAGNA REGION Raffaele Donini Councillor for transports, infrastructure networks material and immaterial. Territorial planning and digital agenda

TEXTS Valentina Dessì, Elena Farnè, Teodoro Georgiadis, Francesca Poli, Luisa Ravanello, Maria Teresa Salomoni IMAGES REBUS Lab (where not otherwise mentioned) Matteo Chiura, Emilia Strada - lab photos

Paolo Ferrecchi G.D. Care of the territory and the environment

GRAPHIC DESIGN AND COMMUNICATION BRENSO architecure&design

Roberto Gabrielli Department of Territorial and urban planning, transports and landscape IN COOPERATION WITH CNR Ibimet Bologna ProAmbiente Bologna Polytechnic University of Milan - DAStU Department EXHIBITION CURATED BY Luisa Ravanello with Elena Farnè and Francesca Poli

SET UP BRENSO architecure&design with Claudia Dall’Olio, Gianluca Fantini, Maurizio Masetti, Barbara Nerozzi, Michele Pasqui ORGANIZED WITH ANCI Emilia-Romagna WITH THE MUNICIPALITIES OF Modena, Parma, Rimini, Ferrara, Ravenna, San Lazzaro di Savena (BO)

WITH THE PATRONAGE OF Ministry of the Environment CNAPPC Italian National Council of Architects and Planners INU Italian National Institute of Planning AIAPP Italian Association of Landscape Architecture Climate-KIC Italy

MEDIA PARTNER Maggioli Editore Architetti Idee Cultura e Progetto - Architetti.com Planum. The Journal of Urbanism - www.planum.net Urban Center Bologna - Urban Center Ferrara

SOCIAL MEDIA PARTNER DocGreen Forma il tuo verde WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF E.Ventopaesaggio AUDIS Italian Urban Dismissed Areas Association GArBo Giovani Architetti Bologna Nomisma / NOVA VIA by Nomisma Giardini Condivisi Parma Urban@it Manifattura Urbana OvestLab Modena WITH THE PATRONAGE OF THE PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS Re-Mend Rigenerazione urbana e Architettonica Register of Architects and Planners of the Provinces Street Italia of Bologna, Ferrara, Ravenna, Parma, Rimini, Modena; TipiStudio Federation of Agronomists and Foresters of the Emilia Romagna region; SECRETARIAT / ADMINISTRATION Register of Agronomists and Foresters of the Provinces Lorella Dalmonte / Manuela Calabrese of Bologna, Ferrara, Ravenna, Parma, Rimini, Modena; Register of Engineers of the Provinces of Bologna, PUBLISHER Ferrara, Ravenna, Parma, Rimini, Modena; Centro Stampa Regione Emilia-Romagna AIAPP Triveneto Emilia-Romagna DigitalPrint Service S.r.l., Segrate (MI)

rebus@regione.emilia-romagna.it issuu.com/laboratoriorebus

REBUS L’energia della città

bit.ly/rebuslaboratorio

EXPERTS Gabriele Bollini - planner, SEA expert DEVELOPMENT Elena Farnè, Luisa Ravanello, Elettra Malossi - planner Regione Emilia-Romagna, Law/ Francesca Poli Call for Tender expert Marianna Nardino - physicist TECHNICAL COORDINATION CNR Bologna, ENVI-met expert Luisa Ravanello Francesca Poli - architect, Emilia-Romagna Region representation techniques and 2° ED. IN COLLABORATION WITH communication of the project Formez PA - Centre for Services, Maria Teresa Salomoni Assistance, Studies and Training landscape agronomist ProAmbiente, the use of green for the Modernisation of the for the mitigation of the Public Administrations anthropic impacts LECTIO MAGISTRALIS STUDY VISITS GUIDES Andreas Matzarakis Elena Farnè, architect Friburg University Roberto Gabrielli, planner Teodoro Georgiadis, LECTURES Valentina Dessì - Polytechnic bioclimatologist University of Milan - DAStU Dep. Maria Teresa Salomoni, landscape agronomist Kristian Fabbri - architect Francesca Poli, architect Elena Farnè - architect Luisa Ravanello, planner Roberto Gabrielli - EmiliaRomagna Region, Department JURY of Territorial and urban Valentina Dessì planning, transports Teodoro Georgiadis and landscape Roberto Gabrielli Teodoro Georgiadis - CNR

FACEBOOK Francesca Poli Emilia Strada

CARD GAME Valentina Dessì, Elena Farnè, Luisa Ravanello, Maria Teresa Salomoni

VIDEO 1° ED. Senape TV

ENVI-MET SIMULATIONS Marianna Nardino CASE STUDIES DESCRIPTION Elena Farnè, Francesca Poli, Luisa Ravanello With the contribution of Costanza Barbieri, Bianca Pelizza - Municipality of Parma; Filippo Bonazzi, Marcello Capucci, Catia Rizzo, Stefano Savoia - Municipality of Modena; Chiara Dal Piaz Municipality of Rimini; Filippo Boschi, Maurizio Ermeti - Rimini Strategic Plan

TECHNICAL-ORGANISATIONAL SECRETARIAT Francesco Guaraldi Francesca Poli SECRETARIAT AND LOGISTICORGANISATIONAL SUPPORT Lorella Dal Monte Enrica Massarenti ADMINISTRATION Marisa Dalla Noce - RER PUBLISHER Centro Stampa Regione Emilia-Romagna

3D MODELS/MAPPING Francesca Poli TUTOR Antonello Di Nunzio - Envi-Met Giulio Roberti - Envi-Met FACILITATORS Elena Farnè Margherita Mugnai - Sociolab Silvia Givone - Sociolab LINKEDIN Kristian Fabbri Elena Farnè Silvia Rossi

WITH

TRAINING PROGRAM AND SIMULATION-GAME DESIGN LAB 3° AND 4° EDIZIONE CONCEPTION Elena Farnè, Luisa Ravanello DEVELOPMENT Elena Farnè, Luisa Ravanello, Francesca Poli TECHNICAL COORDINATION Luisa Ravanello Emilia-Romagna Region ORGANISATIONAL COORDINATION Antonio Gioielleri Marco Giubilini Giacomo Prati Matteo Zocca Anci Emilia-Romagna

Marco Marcatili - Nomisma Francesca Poli - architect Luisa Ravanello - EmiliaRomagna Region, Department of Territorial and urban planning, transports and landscape Maria Teresa Salomoni landscape agronomist Proambiente Bologna EXPERTS Marianna Nardino - physicist CNR Bologna, ENVI-met expert Francesca Poli - architect, representation techniques and communication of the project Maria Teresa Salomoni landscape agronomist ProAmbiente, the use of green for the mitigation of the anthropic impacts

STUDY VISITS GUIDES LECTIO MAGISTRALIS Elena Farnè, architect Christine Dalnoky Roberto Gabrielli, planner Atelier de Paysage Dalnoky (FR) Teodoro Georgiadis, bioclimatologist LECTURES Paolo Gueltrini, landscape Valentina Dessì - Polytechnic agronomist University of Milan - DAStU Dep. Maria Teresa Salomoni, Claudio Calvaresi - Avanzi landscape agronomist Sostenibilità per Azioni, Milano Giovanni Poletti, agronomist Kristian Fabbri - architect Francesca Poli, architect Elena Farnè - architect Luisa Ravanello, planner Roberto Gabrielli - EmiliaRomagna Region, Department JURY 3° EDITION of Territorial and urban Marcello Capucci planning, transports Valentina Dessì and landscape Teodoro Georgiadis Teodoro Georgiadis - CNR Nicoletta Levi Bologna, IBIMET Barbara Negroni

Luisa Ravanello JURY 4° EDITION Michele d’Alena Elena Farnè Roberto Gabrielli Teodoro Georgiadis Barbara Negroni Luisa Ravanello

Riccardo Raimondi Ilaria Tonti Stefano Zec

LAW/CALL FOR TENDER Luisa Ravanello, Elena Farnè

FACILITATORS 3° ED. Elena Farnè Elena Ostanel Lucio Maria Rubini

CARD GAME Valentina Dessì, Elena Farnè, Luisa Ravanello, Maria Teresa Salomoni ENVI-MET SIMULATIONS Marianna Nardino CASE STUDIES DESCRIPTION Elena Farnè, Francesca Poli, Luisa Ravanello With the contribution of Fernanda Canino, Lorenzo Feltrin, Oronzo Filomena, Sebastiano Sarti, Anna Maria Tudisco - Municipality of San Lazzaro di Savena; Federica Del Conte, Francesca Proni, Leonardo Rossi, Nicola Scanfèrla, Antonia Tassinari, Ilaria Venturi, Officina Meme Municipality of Ravenna; Antonio Barillari, Tiziana Coletta, Roberta Fusari, Francesca Guerzoni, Silvia Mazzanti, Davide Tumiati Municipality of Ferrara 3D MODELS/MAPPING Francesca Poli

TUTOR Giulio Roberti - Envi-Met Francesco Segneghi valutazione BENEFITS®

FACILITATORS 4° ED. Anna Agostini Adriano Cancellieri Lucio Maria Rubini FACEBOOK Francesca Poli Emilia Strada TECHNICAL-ORGANISATIONAL SECRETARIAT Francesca Poli Giacomo Prati Matteo Zocca SECRETARIAT AND LOGISTICORGANISATIONAL SUPPORT Lorella Dal Monte Brunella Guida ADMINISTRATION Marisa Dalla Noce - RER Miryam Cafaro - Anci ER PUBLISHER Centro Stampa Regione Emilia-Romagna

IN COLLABORATION WITH

TECHNICAL-SCIENTIFIC PARTNERSHIP

Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche sede di Bologna

Comune di Ravenna

Comune di Modena

WITH THE PATRONAGE OF

Comune di Parma

WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF

WITH THE PATRONAGE OF THE PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS

Federazione Regionale Dottori Agronomi e Dottori Forestali Emilia-Romagna

g b o ar

A PROJECT BY

LAW/CALL FOR TENDER Elena Farnè, Elettra Malossi, Luisa Ravanello

giovani architetti bologna

LOGO BICOLOR COLORI WEB

RGB 102,0,0 CMYK 34,100,100,56 RGB 204,0,0 CMYK 12,100,100,4 RGB 0,0,0 CMYK 0,0,0,100

g b o ar

CONCEPTION Elena Farnè, Luisa Ravanello Withing European Project REPUBLIC-MED REtroffiting PUBLIC spaces in MEDiterranean cities

Bologna, IBIMET Marco Marcatili - Nomisma Luisa Ravanello - EmiliaRomagna Region, Department of Territorial and urban planning, transports and landscape Maria Teresa Salomoni landscape agronomist Proambiente Bologna

#rebus_er

giovani architetti bologna

g b o SOCIAL MEDIA PARTNER

LOGO MONOCROMO

MEDIA PARTNER

giovani architetti bologna

LOGO SCALA DI GRIGI

RGB 0,0,0 CMYK 0,0,0,100 RGB 153,153,153 CMYK 0,0,0,50

g b o ar

TRAINING PROGRAM AND SIMULATION-GAME DESIGN LAB 1° AND 2° EDITION

Rigenerazione Urbana e Paesaggio @LabREBUS

giovani architetti bologna

FONT MODERNA 64 PT LETTERE GRANDI FONT MODERNA 8 PT MYRIAD PRO

Comune di Rimini

Piano Strategico Rimini