ISCCL
ICOMOS-IFLA
WORLD RURAL LANDSCAPES A worldwide initiative for global conservation and management
The knowledge of rural landscape systems: the WRL proposal of a classification Raffaella Laviscio ABC Department, Politecnico di Milano World Rural Landscape Initiative (WRLi) Scientific and organizational secretariat Milan, March 22nd 2018
AIMS
WORLD RURAL LANDSCAPES A worldwide initiative for global conservation and management
One of the goals of WRL Initiative is the production of a sort of ATLAS, an overview of the main world rural
landscapes that constitute the cultural heritage.
It is an ongoin process that aims to give a common framework to recognize the peculiarities of each rural landscape as a starting point for the development of protection and enhancement policy.
STEP 1
COLLECTING AND COMPARING DIFFERENT APPROACHES at rural landscapes already known, at International level, starting from Europe
COMPILING KNOWLEDGE
WORLD RURAL LANDSCAPES A worldwide initiative for global conservation and management
In particular the following have been analyzed: ü Les grands types de structure agraire dans le monde (Lebeau, 1969)
• One of the most important texts in geographical studies • Rural landscape as the result of the secular human effort to make its service plant and animal nature • Rural landscape as the expression of different ways of management, technical improvements, density of rural society, forms of ownership, economic changes, ……
üAgricultural landscapes in Europe and their transformation (Meeus, Wijermans, Vroom, 1990)
• a “holistic” view of the European agricultural landscape • based on a combination of factors: design/features, land cover, topography and agricultural practices.
üThe Eucaland Project: European Culture expressed in Agricultural Landscapes (Pungetti G., Kruse A., 2010) • The first international European research applied to the agricultural landscape as cultural heritage. • Two years of work; • 40 institutions involved • 20 European countries • experts from different disciplines: agronomists, biologists, historians, planners, architects, geographers, archaeologists, sociologists.
↘It is increasingly approaching a reading of rural landscapes as “landscape systems” where observable forms are the visible sign of the complexity of the organizational, functional, social, symbolic relationships that are held together by them.
ATLAS STRUCURE PROPOSAL
WORLD RURAL LANDSCAPES A worldwide initiative for global conservation and management
Starting from this holistic approach, guidelines for the reading of rural landscape systems have been developed within the WRL Initiative. Two main levels:
LEVEL 1 CLASSIFICATION
端Classification (defining main classes of rural landscapes) 端Landscape system reading
端 to reflect on criteria more suitable to a classification based on a cultural approach 端 to discuss more effective tools to represent and communicate this content.
LEVEL 2 LANDSCAPE SYSTEMS
ATLA STRUCTURE PROPOSAL
WORLD RURAL LANDSCAPES A worldwide initiative for global conservation and management
LEVEL 1 CLASSIFICATION
ATLAS STRUCTURE PROPOSAL
WORLD RURAL LANDSCAPES A worldwide initiative for global conservation and management
LEVEL 1 CLASSIFICATION
ATLAS STRUCTURE PROPOSAL
WORLD RURAL LANDSCAPES A worldwide initiative for global conservation and management
LEVEL 2 LANDSCAPE SYSTEMS
CHARATERIZATION
WORLD RURAL LANDSCAPES A worldwide initiative for global conservation and management
RURAL LANDSCAPE AS A SYSTEM Description criteria üa spatial criterion üa social criterion üan environmental criterion üa historical criterion üa sensory criterion üa symbolic/cultural criterion
SOME REMARKS
WORLD RURAL LANDSCAPES A worldwide initiative for global conservation and management
ü The mapping promoted by the WRL Initiative intends to focus on processes rather than on forms. ü It is aimed at recognizing historical systems of rural landscape that are still readable by identifying complex macro-areas. ü This is a complex and, in some ways, pioneering operation involving many researchers all over the world taking part in the initiative. ü Working at a world scale is itself a factor of complexity; ü it requires the overcoming of local specificities, making it possible, in each case, for each region to find itself within the global framework. Is it possible? What about Rural landscape and estate? Is it possible to find general and common characteristics in the different landscape systems we are going to discuss? What is the role of the rural landscape in each system? In what class we can register this kind of landscape system?