Knowing Chiapas

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The splendor of the field!!!

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November 2014 Special Edition

Between MOUNTAINS AND PINE: Subtítulo del catalogo

PUEBLO NUEVO SOLISTAHUACAN Fecha: 00/00/00

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November and tradition

Our Inheritan

VERY ALIVE!

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Knowing Chiapas is a project that aims to show the great potential of Chiapas. Giving a tour of all relevant areas such as: food, customs, festivals, folklore and all the elements that make up this beautiful state.

Therefore we recommend Traditions & Cultures, in it´s issue of November.

Number dedicated to the municipality of Tila, Chiapas. Translating exceptionally images and textures of this beautiful town and especially showing the greatness of the state of

Coming son!!!

K N O W I N G 2

CONTENT P. Letter from the Editor

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Our Inheritance

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Between MOUNTAINS

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AND PINE November and tradition!

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VERY ALIVE Music

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Universidad Linda Vista Ex Finca Santa Cruz No. 1 Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacán, Chiapas. C.P. 29750 Tel. 9196852200 Ext. 1302 Www.ulv.edu.mx

Víctor Hugo Solís López Editorial Director

Clara Carlson Editorial Advisory

Víctor Hugo Solís López Design

Víctor Hugo Solís López Juan Gabriel Solís López Miguel Ángel Muñoz Hernández Karla Iveth Moreno Montero Photography

CHIAPAS 3

READER The state of Chiapas, located in the southeast of the republic; provides the ideal for exploring nature without losing the convenience and comfort of civility.

Being one of the last bastions for observing fauna of North America. Provides the opportunity to enjoy its varied climates and unique in each of its regions relief; from the tropical climate of the coast, to the nurturing climate of the Highlands

and

Forest

area.

Besides the wide and varied delicious Chiapas, the state is a major producer of coffee and honey in the country, exporting its products to all continents. Their culture and tradition undeniable lead us on this occasion to visit the Forest VIII economic region, the municipality of Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacán; main producer of coffee in the region and that gives us the perfect scenario to soak up what it means to be Chiapaneco.

As usual, the warmth and hospitality of the people is a constant, but it is the reader who

decipher

while

Without further ado, we

delve begin

into

the

content

of

these

pages.

the

journey

through

this

beautiful

town!

Víctor Hugo Solís López Editorial Director

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de a t u r disf y n !Ve aยก z e l ra natu SIEM

Search!

CHIAPAS 5

la

Our

Mores The Tzotzil people well in central and north-central state of Chiapas, in southern Mexico. Part of the Mayan family along with other ethnic groups in the states of Tabasco, Yucatan, Campeche, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosí (tenek ethnicity) and the Central American countries of Guatemala, Belize and Honduras.

You can locate these people in the towns of Amatan, El Bosque, Huitiupan, Simojovel, Chalchihuitan, Pantelo, Soyalo, Bochil, Chenalo, San Andres Larrainzar, Chamula, Zinacantan, Ixtapa, Acala, Huixtan, San Lucas, San Cristobal de las Casas and Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacan.

This language is in many areas threatened by the influence of the national language, which is Spanish, while the culture of ethnicity may or may not in the same situation.

The ethnographic atlas of Indigenous Peoples of Chiapas, published in 2008, indicates that the high Chiapas area where the largest percentage of the Tzotzil is located. As the City of San Cristobal de las Casas its political, commercial and administrative center. The Tzotzil people is one of ten groups from Chiapas, and iviniketik bats ('real men') call themselves.

The first Spanish expedition to the Tzotzil area took place around Easter 1524 and was led by Luis Marin, who enlisted the help of tzinacantecos to subdue other indigenous manors. Being defeated, the Chamula leaving nothing escaped the invaders

FOTOGRAFÍA: JUAN G. SOLÍS

could exploit. The conquerors continued until Huixtán, whose inhabitants also escaped. The Spaniards decided not to continue their advance, and find it impossible to impose taxation services and already conquered natives, they opted to return in May of the same year, to the Gulf Coast. After his retirement, the Tzotzil returned to their livelihoods and traditional activities.

During flight the threat of the invaders, indigenous movements gave rise to the Tzotzil ethnic be extended by the state. The foundation of Rincón Chamula, an indigenous community of Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacan, is derived from this shift.

K N O W I N G 6

FOTOGRAFÍA: JUAN G. SOLÍS

History In ancient times there was talk of three large estates that dominated and fought each other:

Zinacantan, that of Sontehuits (near present San Andrés Larráinzar) and the Huitiupán. Pedro de Alvarado began in 1525, from Guatemala, an expedition that sought definitely fill the region.

However, progress was limited to what is now the western edge of Guatemala, occupied by indigenous language speakers Mam area. In early 1528, from the center of Mexico arrived in Chiapas another group of conquistadors led by Diego de Mazariegos. Before reaching the region of the Highlands, in the Zoque people Xiquipilas, said Captain ratify the alliance between Spanish and Zinacantecos. This may not be opposed by the Indians. Mazariegos decided to impose a more direct control over the conquered, whose number by then had declined significantly due to epidemics and famines; applied the policy to reduce peoples, concentrating on compact populations.

Many Tzotzil groups were relocated in this way; example is the case of San Andrés Larráinzar, whose founders came Huitiupán Valley. As the construction and supply of the Villa Real required a lot of work, Mazariegos decided not fitting that the peoples of the region taxed residents Spanish in another area, and reassigned those people in charge to his soldiers. Zinacantán, for example, was given to his brother Pedro de Estrada.

The current distribution of this group in the state are derived from a large number of events that occurred later, as the Caste War to name one example The Tzotzil are a proud people of their origins, traditions and customs that force intimately linked to their past and rediscover in each.

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Between MOUNTAINS AND PINE

P. N. SOLISTAHUACÁN

PUEBLO NUEVO SOLISTAHUACÁN The town of Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacán, is located high in the Northern Mountains, its mostly indigenous population, is the best example of warmth and good faith that characterizes the region.

The town of Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacán, is located in the Northern Mountains, predominantly mountainous terrain, its geographical coordinates are 17 ° 09 "N and 92 ° 54 'W. It is bounded on the north by the municipalities of Huitiupan and Ixhuatán, east with Huitiupán and Simojovel, with Jitotol south, west to Rayon and Tapilula. foundation In ancient times the territory of present Municipality of Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacán belonged to the Zoque region; then between 1486 and 1502, the region suffered the Nahuatl influence.

In 1528, the Spaniards led by Captain Diego de Mazariegos conquered the region, proceeding to the distribution of land among the residents of the nascent Villa Real de Chiapas and the subsequent colonization. place names Solistahuacán name in Nahuatl means "place of those flintlock". territorial extension Its land area is 419.8 square kilometers is equivalent to 6.88% of the area of the North and 0.55% of the state surface. Its altitude is 1,720 m.

SNM weather The existing climates in the municipality are varied depending on the season and the area or region, which are the following: wet Semicálido

with summer rains, covering 38.06%; Warm humid with rain in summer, 33.11%; Warm humid with rain all year, 16.83% and humid with rain all year occupying 11.99% of the municipal area Mild.

Warm humid with rain all year, 16.83% and humid with rain all year occupying 11.99% of the municipal area Mild.

In the months of May to October, the average minimum temperature is 9 ° C at 21 ° C, while the maximum average between 18 ° C and 33 ° C. In the period from November to April, the average minimum temperature is 6 ° C to 18 ° C, and the maximum average fluctuates between 15 ° C and 27 ° C. In the months of May to October, the average rainfall ranges from 1400 mm and 2300 mm, and in the period from November to April, the average rainfall ranges from 350 mm to 1400 mm.

In the months of May to October, the average rainfall ranges from 1400 mm and 2300 mm , y en el periodo de noviembre - abril, la precipitación media va de los 350 mm a 1400 mm.

Flora La vegetación presente en el municipio es la siguiente: vegetación secundaria (selva alta y mediana perennifolia con vegetación secundaria arbustiva y herbácea) que abarca el 48.26%; bosque mesófilo (bosque mesófilo de montaña) el

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badger, raccoon, bat, armadillo, rabbit, opossum, mole or gopher, gray squirrel and mice. As for birds, there are a variety of them even without an accurate record in quantity or species because they are many, to name a few as; quail, oriole or sácua, parrots, chachalaca, diversity of owls, dove, toucans, sanate, cashew, cabecinegra swallow, vulture, hawk, mockingbird, calender and many more, plus a variety of insects of different sizes and colors and butterflies , dragonflies, crickets, etc.

As to reptiles has several species, among the best known coralillo the nauyaca and rattlesnake.

Population of the municipality The town of Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacán, has a total population of 31,705 inhabitants, of whom 15,104 are men and 15,971 are women. indigenous population The population of 5 and more years speaking indigenous language are 12,814 inhabitants is based princi ly in Tzotzil. Under the terms of speaking, is that 8,843 residents are bilingual, manage Tzotzil than the Spanish, and 1,889 are monolingual.

FOTOGRAFÍA: V. SOLÍS

CHIAPAS 9

Aspectos Culturales costumes FOTOGRAFĂ?A: ARCHIVO

Major Historical Events In 1768 the first internal territorial division of the province of Chiapas is made, leaving the inside of the Mayor of Ciudad Real.

In 1883 the state is divided into 12 departments this being part of Simojovel.

In 1915 the political headquarters disappear and 59 free municipalities are created, being within this first re municipalization.

In 1922 he was promoted to second-class municipality.

In 1985 the 175th anniversary of Independence and 75 of the Mexican Revolution, during a national period, receiving national symbols in the county seat.

The clothes in the town preserved even the women, using her lap tangle with embroidered blouse with hand embroidery in bright colors like red, as well as a wide fajilla they use to stop the skirt.

For men, no longer bear costume blanket, which have been replaced by pants and dress shirt, which usually use it with boots and hats, reserving the traditional garb for religious holidays. crafts In almost all indigenous women make blouses, skirts and embroidered belts as part of its regional dress and sale of these parts only are performed within the community, and occasionally lead to sale in the market on Sunday in the county seat.

The only places that are dedicated exclusively to selling their products (blouses, embroidered dress, bags and napkins) are Los Lots and El Campanario, performing sold off federal highway or often sell what they did in the state capital .

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Holidays and Traditions Fair in honor of the Virgin Mary: 28,29, 30, 31 May Fair in honor of the Patron Saint Dionisio.6, 7, 8, 9 October Barrios He swept Lord of the well. - March Swept San Anastasio. January 22 He swept the mound Sacred Heart .June He swept Santiago. -Mr Santiago FOTOGRAFÍA: JUAN G. SOLÍS Juliio Swept san Lorenzo. -Mr San Lorenzo August 10 He swept pines. Rayo-chaste of August -Virgen Swept Guadalupe Guadalupe December 12 carnival All Saints christmas New Year.

FOTOGRAFÍA: ARCHIVO House of Culture FOTOGRAFÍA: JUAN G. SOLÍS Provides the community with artistic and creative music workshops, folk dance, crafts, dance, among others.

Coordination of sport.

Sports programs are managed in coordination with the various educational institutions and municipal DIF. So it also has a municipal league soccer and basketball and end of each year with the regional football tournament that takes place in the Guadalupe Stadium this location.

Which recently been refurbished to offer a decent space to athletes of the population.

During the festivities, conducting lightning basketball tournament gets used, giving appointment teams of all populations of the municipality

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Basin Spring "Where Born Water", within the limits of the Soconusco community.

A common later in contact with the beauty of creation.

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CHIAPAS 13

FLOWERS OF BLACKBERRIES ANNOUNCE THE NEXT ARRIVAL OF THEIR FRUITS AND ORCHIDS, YOY WE REMEMBER THE ARRIVAL OF AUTUMN AND THEIR COLORS DELIGHT US AND ESSENCE

FOTOGRAFÍA: V. SOLÍS

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PARK PLAYS A ROLE IN THE TOWN ICONIC; AS MEETING POINT FOR THE LIVING TOGETHER AND ACCOMMODATION OF THE CHURCH OF PATRON SAINT "SAN DIONICIO" FOUNDATIONS IN WHICH

ARE THE REMAINS OF THE FIRST SETTLERS. ALSO SERVES AS THE PLAZA OF TRADITIONAL MARKET EVERY SUNDAY.

CHIAPAS 15

Experience Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacรกn offers the perfect opportunity to experience country life, framed by green and beautiful landscapes glaring among its mountains, trees and climate.

Your warm and helpful, full of culture among people mesclada with their traditions. About every street give us a greeting with a friendly smile.

The municipal seat has all the basic amenities to make your stay comfortable in this population. Two motels and a small 3-star hotel provide asylum necessary for visitors; and if you are looking to have a different experience, the restaurant and "Evergreen" cottages is 4 km on the highway Pueblo Nuevo-Jitotol.

For recreational camping, find large open spaces with beautiful scenery and countless opportunities for new adventures. A new fans to the strongest emotions, village offers the perfect opportunity to practice extreme motorcycling, traveling the road to Rio Toro, perfect for transit road or motorcycle dirt; starting from the county seat, to Lazaro Cardenas, according to Rio Toros and ending in the town of Simojovel, during the tour you can appreciate the different climates and reliefs of the region and among the population that this route is known as; "The road of amber" in the town since the removal of this material is one of the primary economic activities.

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¡Noviembre y su tradición

¡MUY VIVA!

Two of the most important celebrations in Mexico are performed in the month of November. According to the Catholic calendar, the first day is dedicated to All Saints day two at All Souls. In these two dates are performed rituals to worship the ancestors.

It is the time when the souls of deceased relatives return home to live with relatives living and to draw on the essence of food that is offered in domestic altars.

The celebration of the Day of the Dead, as it is popularly known, is practiced throughout Mexico. It involves both indigenous communities like mestizo groups, urban and rural.

According to the belief of the people, on the first of November to the "little ones dead" is dedicated, ie those who died as children; day two, to those killed in adulthood. The Day of the Dead ritual involves a huge popular transcendence, its celebration includes many different aspects, from the philosophical to the materials.

Souls in the Western tradition is, and has been an act of mourning and prayer for the dead rest in peace. And when touched this date by the indigenous tradition has become party at Carnival smells, tastes and loves in which the living and the dead coexist, played in remembrance.

The Day of the Dead, as popular worship is an act that leads to the same recollection that prayer or party; especially the latter in which death and the dead roam and do feel his warm presence among the living. With our dead comes also his majesty Death; down to earth and live with the Mexicans and the many indigenous cultures in our Republic.

His majesty Death is so simple, so plain and so ethereal that your bones and your smile are in our lap, altar and gallery.

FOTOGRAFÍA: M. MUÑOZ

CHIAPAS 17

Elements of the Day of the Dead The people of Mexico has created a singular subjective element against death, mainly in the southeast, with the collaboration of it. To do this you simply put, helped by fantasy, on the ground that the great leveler sweeps everyone, rich or poor, humble and powerful, and with the same through photos.

Each flower represents a life, and in the case of late means that this still has a place within the whole, and that has not been forgotten by his friends and family.

The pan de muerto is a representation of the Eucharist, and was added by Spanish missionaries. It's a sweet muffin baked in this region of cacera way, you'll sprinkle sugar and is made with anise.

distinguished guest, for the people sincerely believed that the deceased who is engaged is to come from beyond the grave to enjoy it. It consists, inter alia, the typical pan de muerto, pumpkin blemish and dishes of Mexican cuisine in life were the preference of the deceased. To make it more pleasing ornaments are also used as flowers, confetti, yellow candles, sugar skulls, the sahumadores where the incense is burned.

The offering presented on November 2 first and is a tribute to a

The flowers. During the period 1 to November 2 families usually clean and decorate the graves with colorful wreaths, mainly cempaxuchitl, which is believed to attract and guide the souls of the dead. It is a symbol of sun glare, which was considered the origin of everything.

FOTOGRAFĂ?A: M. MUĂ‘OZ

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La Catrina Popular symbol of death (or one of the symbols within the entire worldview and Mexican culture before death) was named as such by the muralist Diego Rivera (1886-1957), and although his works are representations of this white lady elegant and slim, it was not the first to include it in his work, as was JosĂŠ Guadalupe Posada (1852-1913) the forerunner of this representation.

The story of La Catrina begins during the governments of Benito Juarez, Sebastian Lerdo de Tejada and Porfirio Diaz. In these periods, they began to popularize texts written by the middle class who criticized both the situation of the country and the privileged classes. Written, drawn mockingly and accompanied by drawings of skulls and skeletons began to play in the newspapers called Battle

FOTOGRAFĂ?A: KARLA I. MORENO

"The Mexican" and its position on the death. The observed, the closer, makes it part of their environment, their art and a craft that symbolizes miscegenation. It has become craftsmanship that highlights formal and spiritual wealth.

The influence of Posada's work came to Rivera, who re-adapted the concept, dubbed Catrina, as previously mentioned, and added new attributes; clothes, poise and elegance, as can be seen in Dream of a Sunday Afternoon in Alameda, making Catrina.

Become a popular fixture has left the confines of the canvas or engraving to be part of Mexican culture alive, their habits and customs. Part of "the Mexican" and its position on the death.

The observed, the closer, makes it part of their environment, their art and a craft that symbolizes miscegeToday, Catrina, being a popular invention, it has beco- nation. It has become craftsmanship that highlights me a common fixture and has left the confines of the formal and spiritual wealth. canvas or engraving to be part of Mexican culture alive, their habits and customs. part of

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“Calabacita tía” FOTOGRAFÍA: JUAN G. SOLÍS

how tradition marks, every night the first of November, hundreds of children dressed and not so young! occur situated in the streets of Solistahuacán for traditional zucchini requested.

Framed between songs, reefing and games for children; small go door to door looking for the much coveted sweets and fruit is customary to give.

"We are angels from heaven down; not want wine, beer either; what we is what is on your table ... ! CALABACITA TÍA¡ Is this the little chant that announces the arrival of the angels at the door of the home, and there are those who do not give them anything because unison listening "Aunt die."

The night progresses and leads to the neighbors in the company of their musical instruments, whoever they now traveling on the streets. Going door to door again, this time giving melodies in the air leaving a spirit of camaraderie and friendliness, being the perfect setting for the return of the souls of family and friends.

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"The existence of human beings have been very different when it developed in

Music

the field and is based on agriculture; when the birdsong, not the noise of machinery, regaled; when the farmer enjoyed watching the changing seasons and the passage of the clouds; and when, despite his strenuous work, isolation allowed the exercise of the imagination. " Anthony Storr.

For many anthropologists, sociologists, composers, philosophers, musicians, musicologists, writers and the general public have long been asked the question what is music? Given that we still a tough response. In this regard, as noted by George Steiner, perhaps the best thing is to follow us asking.

Currently we have new and interesting ways to consume music and make use of it in a practically instantaneously. In fact, as I write this text, around the world for hours of uninterrupted music listening.

Every day, millions of people are exposed to a voluntary or involuntary universal language called music, and do so with the most disparate manner purposes: some listen to music while driving to work; while doing shopping in a supermarket; for housework; in the gym practicing some aerobic routine; as a tone every we receive or make a phone call; just as we eat in a restaurant with colleagues from work or when we moved from one side to another of this megalopolis listening to our iPod or MP3 device. or cell phone.

Finally, it is inevitable that throughout our daily lives are not in contact with music. Although still a rare therefore know of people that music is to them as the navel, "and it serves or hinders them." There are also people who do not understand life without the presence of the same.

The music -at one of the first languages developed by our species is a great vehicle for expression of feelings, emotions, ideas and concepts: many of them very tangible and many others, too ethereal.

Being essentially vibration, music can also be a vehicle that connects us with the Source of all things, that from which everything in the universe comes, and everything and everyone back someday.

However, music can also be used for hidden and negative purposes, such as handling millions of young people towards aggression, passivity, selfishness, conformity, controlling their minds through the mechanism of fanaticism and subliminal messages.

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We can say that today we all have free access to more varied and specialized music, but unfortunately there are still huge gaps regarding the formation of a musical taste beyond the subjective, and internalize or established as an official matters schools and universities.

Because I am sure that few people have a unique music to listen to music.

Music is for the soul what gymnastics for the body.

Plato

But it is true that humanity now consumes and uses music like never before in history; is also true that not everyone understands the true value of this ancient art and its importance in the formation of authentic human beings, able to express themselves through one of the most sublime arts few have invented.

Music can name the unnameable and communicate the unknown.

Leonard Bernstein

Think about it: only in the eighteenth century there were people who never heard a single track in his life!

That many specialists insist on the need not to trivialize the music, its growing ubiquity, and the fact that we can hear anywhere, anytime, not make us forget how lucky we are to be able to enjoy it, feel it and live it so Natural and intensely human.

In music all feelings return to its purest and the world is nothing but music made reality

The listening music feels his solitude, suddenly, is populated.

Robert Browning

The music is synonymous of freedom, play what you want, how you want, whenever good and has passion, that music be the food of love.

Arthur Schopenhauer

Kurt D. Cobain

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Conociendo Chiapas

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