Centennial Pier By Alex Smith, John Campbell, Kieran Dove and Matthew Leen. :LWK DVVLVWDQFH IURP $\VHQ 7DEDN DQG %DKDU +DQFĂ–RJOX
Broadening the Gallipoli Experience
Designed to be integrated with the existing Ari Burnu Cemetery, Centennial Pier aims to connect the commemoration of the Gallipoli Campaign with the sea, a crucial part of the average Allied soldiers life during the 9 month campaign. By providing the means for boats to dock, it will enable those visiting Anzac Cove to mimic the experience of the soldiers as they landed from the sea on the 25th of April, 1915. Centennial Pier also aims to broaden the experiences of those visiting Anzac Cove at other times of the year, by providing opportunities for recreation that will draw local residents and domestic tourists, providing further opportunities of interaction between the peoples and promoting the ideals of peace through understanding that form the basis of the Gallipoli Peace Park, in which the site is located.
Rationale
Introduction
Site selection
As a result of previous research, we decided that our design would be a structure that provides a transition between the sea and land, but in a way that acts as a natural extension of the land. This structure was to provide opportunities for interaction between people of the nations of the combatants of 1915, encouraging understanding and working with the Gallipoli Peninsula Peace Parks aims.
Anzac cove and its surrounds are littered with DUFKHRORJLFDO VLJQLĂ€FDQW UHPDLQV DYRLGLQJ WKHVH ZDV D priority in site selection. Ari Burnu Point was chosen due to its apparent lack of sensitive marine archaeological sites, its exposed wartime position precluding the building of piers.
The resultant plan was for 3 Piers at the three major Invasion Points to stimulate the use of tour boats to deliver people to the sites, providing an alternative means of transport to them, especially to Anzac Cove. We selected the Anzac Cove Pier to design as model for how the others could be approached.
Methodology With our requirements established, we began to investigate a method to generate its form. We decided ZH ZDQWHG WR UHà HFW WKH MRXUQH\ $OOLHG WURRSV ZHQW through to reach Anzac Cove, their transferral from large ocean going liners, to smaller troopships and then to comparatively tiny barges and invasion craft. From this we decided our structure would consist of large forms at the docking edge for practical reasons, these forms would then be repeated multiple times, their size decreasing by 2/3 with each repetition. We also felt we wanted to build something of its time, something representative of the impact WWI had on the intervening century. WWI spelled the end for the Ottoman Empire, a nation that was soon broken up into individual states with separate identities. The intervening 100 years has also spelled the end for the British Empire, its former territories having declared their independence from British administration and rule. This concept of fragmentation drove the form of the structure components, the large Pier sections at the docking edge interlocking as one form, which then became increasingly fragmented and LQGLYLGXDOLVHG LQ WKHLU VKDSH DQG ÀQLVK
To provide a viable alternative means of transport to road vehicles, both to and from the site, the pier’s design also needed to cater for a variety of ship and boat sizes, as well as reach deep enough water, something that proved challenging for the allied wharf builders. We established that 7m deep water existed from approximately 50m offshore of Ari Burnu. Ari Burnu is also home to the graves of 253 Allied servicemen as part of a Commonwealth War Graves Cemetery, which contains a monument and headstones. The cemetery was the former site of Anzac Day Commemorations, before they were shifted to the North Beach site. We decided that our design should take this cemetery into account, as it provided a unique opportunity to integrate our new memorial with an existing one.
A transitional space between sea and land
The Design
Anzac Day: On this day all three docks
will be used, their large 1700m² of decking able to accommodate incoming and outgoing passen- gers, while they wait to board a boat or exit the pier along its axis. This decking may also provide an extra space to view or attend the services, should numbers require it. The varied levels of docks also provide for a range of boats, making docking easier and faster for an unknown number of varied boat types.
The resultant structure is a pier 80m long and 50m wide, aligned along an Axis of the centre of the Ari Burnu Cemetery Monument. At the piers end is a series of 3 docking stages, each 350mm lower than the last to cater for a variety of ship types and sizes and their forms are also derived from visual connec-Â tions to the monument and the concepts of frag-Â mentation and interlocking. A series of jetties and gangplank structures link the landing stages to the land along a linear axis which HQGV DW WKH FHPHWHULHV FURVV RI VDFULĂ€FH 7KHVH MHW-Â WLHV VKDSHV DUH DOVR DUH GHĂ€QHG E\ WKH SURJUDPPH of fragmentation and transition, their forms de-Â creasing in size as well as becoming increasing abstracted and fragmented from the series orig-Â inal forms.
Tourism: For the rest of the year Centennial
Landing will be used by tour boat operators, espe-Â cially during the summer months. These boats could run on a schedule, dropping people off groups to H[SORUH WKH EDWWOHĂ€HOG DQG SLFNLQJ WKHP XS ODWHU in the day to take them elsewhere. Tour boats may also run in conjunction with the current van and bus tours, forming one link in the tourists journey.
The landing stages and their surrounding decks have an area of 1700m² and are able to hold 5,100 people at a density of 3 people per square meter.
Local Recreation: It is hoped that the
Piers will be used by local residents and domestic tourists as a recreational asset, the piers access to deep water and its sheltered pool (up to w deep) SURYLGLQJ RSSRUWXQLWLHV IRU ÀVKLQJ UHFUHDWLRQDO boating and swimming. By attracting Turkish people, it is hoped that there may be more opportunities for interaction between the everyday people of Turkey and those of nations like New Zealand and Austral- ia. Above Plans 1:1000
At the centre of the wharf structure lie two sheltered areas of water, one relatively shallow, 2.5m at its deepest, is intended to provide opportunities for recreational uses such as swimming. The other, at 4.5m deep continues the forms established by our method, however the jetty structure has been reduced to piles, making an area of exposed water. This pool and its row of piles provide a balance in the structure to the cemetery at the axis’s end, forming a me- morial to those whose grave is the sea.
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