Laos' Signature Ingredient

Words by Ayaka Vu

Images by Phoonsab Thevongsa

Vientiane's streets pulse with life: vendors call out, children laugh, and cafes hum with conversations. Amidst this lively ambiance, Kualao Restaurant emerges as a culinary beacon. More than just its reputation, it stands as an emblem of Laos’ rich culinary history. Here, Dalaphone Pholsena continues her mother Manola’s culinary traditions, making Lao culture shine in every dish, particularly with the iconic Lao padaek, or fermented fish sauce.

Padaek's Distinct Flavor

To many Westerners, padaek's aroma might seem intense, a testament to the long fermentation of fresh fish. But this process, extending over months or even years, produces a flavor that's both unique and unmatched. Once incorporated into dishes, padaek elevates them, lending a rich depth that's truly unparalleled. While many countries lack a distinct term for this fifth taste since their cuisines don't typically harness it, Laos is an exception, thanks to padaek. The Japanese might call this taste "umami", but in Laos, it's known as "noua."

For the uninitiated, padaek, with its muddy brown coloration, might appear similar to hot chocolate. However, beyond its deceptive appearance, its taste defies expectations. Properly fermented padaek accentuates the dish with that sought-after fifth taste.

Padek is also the cornerstone of many iconic Lao dishes, bringing its distinctive touch to favorites like papaya salad, laab mincemeat salad, and the or-laam thick stew. Dalaphone comments, "A hint of padaek and the dish transforms, embracing a unique Lao character."

A Culinary Legacy

In the warm confines of her mother’s kitchen, Dalaphone learned not just techniques but the soul of Lao cooking. Manola often underscored the value of padaek, not just as an ingredient, but as a connection to their roots and a reflection of Laos' essence.

While many eateries today chase the new and novel, Kualao stands firm in its homage to authenticity. Here, meals go beyond sustenance; they're an immersion into Lao traditions.

The Odyssey of Padaek

Padaek's influence extends beyond Laos. Thai cuisine, with its rich tapestry of flavors, has also embraced it, naming it "Pla Ra". Dalaphone recognizes its universal potential, noting, "Observing tourists, initially unsure but returning with a newfound appreciation, is a joy." Yet, she ac- knowledges its distinctive character, "Forvisitors, some delicacies, like durian are an acquired taste."

It's not just about introducing padaek to the world, but showcasing a piece of everyday Laos – where meals are communal, stories are shared over padaek-laced and infused dishes, and traditions are passed down with every ladle of sauce.

Kualao Restaurant is located in downtown Vientiane.

For more information, visit kualaorestaurant.com