Spring 2019
PAPER TRAIL
Cover and inside cover graphics and design by Lucy Sugawa
Letter from the Editors Paper Trail is an introduction to the impact of different art forms. This zine’s name was meant to emulate the trail that the arts leaves. Art is always evolving, always moving, just like a paper plane in midflight and art is and will always impact the people it touches, leaving a trail behind it. That is why this zine is called Paper Trail. The articles will dive into the rise of guitar in school education, dark themed media’s effects on teens, autotune’s impact on the music industry, and the influence of comedy on community. We believe that our topics are important because they focus on confronting art taboos and understanding how arts shape our lives and our society. Recognizing the impression of the media and art present in our lives is fundamental in understanding ourselves and each other. We hope as you read our magazine that you gain insight into everyday media and the way it shapes us.
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Table of Contents Letter From the Editors.................1 By Charlotte Barnes
Young Guitar....................................4 By Charlotte Barnes
What’s on Your Shelf?....................8 By Alex Sanders
How It’s Made: The Simpsons....10 By Lucy Sugawa
Autotuned Out.............................. 12 By Cequia Tillman
How to Make a Paper Airplane...16 By Lucy Sugawa
Steps to Improv.............................18 By Lucy Sugawa
Table of Contents 13 Reasons Why Not....................20 By Alex Sanders
Teen Tunes.....................................26 By Charlotte Barnes
Laughing Matters..........................28 By Lucy Sugawa
Stairs of Songwriting....................32 By Cequia Tillman
Meet the Editors............................34 By Lucy Sugawa
Special Thanks..............................36 By Alex Sanders
Graphics and design by Lucy Sugawa
Guitar Shaping Youth Society By Charlotte Barnes istening to music is a common hobby shared among people of all ages and it has the ability to bring people together in incredible way. Playing an instruments can have similar effects, creating bonds between people and building communities. In recent years,
there has been increase in the number of schools offering guitar classes as well as other fine art options. A growing interest in the fine arts connection to academic success has initiated attempts to include more students in the arts. Joseph Willaims is a composer, conductor, and guitarist working as the Artistic Director
and Composer in Residence for ACG. “By expressing ourselves or hearing an expression of someone else, then we can understand them better,” said Williams. “So it is an essential, beautiful way for us to experience culture. Our culture and other culture.” The non-profit organization
Mira Raviand and Maya Martinez practice guitar together during lunch break. Mira takes the guitar class at Lasa high school and Maya, although not in the class, plans to sign up for it next year. Photograph by Charlotte Barnes.
Austin Classical Guitar (ACG) has been leading efforts to offer guitar classes in Austin schools to engage more students in the Fine arts. ACG’s goal is to inspire individuals in the community through experiences of deep significance. The organizations founder, Matthew Hinsley, a guitarist, vocalist, and author, has been at the forefront of getting young people involved in music; He has creating GuitarCurriculum.com, a tool used by guitar programs worldwide, and the book Classical Guitar for Young People. “I would say after 17 years of building guitar programs in schools, that really I look at this work as an opportunity to provide schools with an offering that will engage more kids in in fine arts, and I consider that to be a basic positive,” Hinsley said. “It is our job to focus on the quality of that music offering, that is to say we want the guitar classes to be as joyful and also as rigorous as the traditional offerings like choir, orchestra, and band. In Texas, only around 15 percent of students participate in a school music program such as Choir, Orchestra, and Band. The students not participating in the fine arts at schools, whether
it is because a lack of classes or offerings that interest them, aren’t reaping the benefits that the fine arts has on academics. ACG believes that by increasing the offerings of music programs a school provides, they can increase the number of young people participating in the arts. “What inspires one person is not necessarily what might might inspire another person or, at least be what might inspire a certain person the most,” said Hinsley. “ So rather than just doing one thing, like present great concerts, we try to do a lot of different things to meet different people where they are.” Guitar, being a popular instruments for young people, has the potential to bring in kids into the fine arts at school who may not have been interested in the classic offerings in schools. ACG guitar program in schools has
grown from just one classroom to almost all schools in the Austin area, catering music lessons and opportunities to hundreds of students. In the guitar classes the students learn to play in an ensemble, follow a conductor, read music, and more, which makes guitar just as viable a source of musical education as orchestra, band, or choir. McCallum Fine Arts Academy guitar program is a prime example of an exploration to involve more young people musically in schools. The students who enlist in the program have emphasis on guitar and the arts throughout their school experience. The students travel together to play in guitar competitions and against each other in other competitions. Gage Bausman, a student enrolled in Maccallum’s guitar program, began playing classical guitar his freshman year.
“I didnʼt consider myself to be an artistic or musical person, but since I have started improving with guitar, Iʼve been able to see that different side of myself and it has allowed me to see the world a little differently,” -Gage Baussman, Guitar student
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Guitar programs like McCallum’s provides students with many opportunities such as performing in the All City Guitar event, full ensemble, and UIL competitions. Fine arts programs do not only give opportunities to students, but the programs also benefit the schools who have them. The fine arts programs in Austin public schools attract families back to those schools from private and charter schools. Fine arts programs are also getting more popular in the Austin area as more families are seeing the benefits. In McCallum alone, the Fine Arts enrollment has increased from 17 students in 1994 to 500 in 2017. Austin Classical Guitar Youth Orchestra (ACGYO), is a ACG program begun to allow young and passionate guitarists in the Austin area to perform in ensembles together outside of school classes. Joseph Williams, the conductor of ACGYO, believes that guitar has the opportunity to open up the world of music to children and help them adapt to the world that waits ahead of them. “I think music is important for all individuals. I think it is particularly useful for young people because
interact with the world in total, and by having something that is complicated, that is ambiguous and mysterious is wonderful for young people because the world is mysterious, ambiguous, and complicated,” said Williams. ACGYO hopes to bring together youth in Austin to study a range of exciting music and to challenge the members to perform together. The arts hold academic benefits to
Graphics by Charlotte Barnes Arts with Students at Risk”. Trends in research about the arts show that students who engage in the arts tend to experience greater academic achievement and are less likely or experience emotional, social, and behavioral issues.
“I really play just because I think it is beautiful.” said Gage. “ I learn solos not just because of how difficult they are or because of anything else, in fact, I just play songs I want to learn because of how they impact me and that is why I play guitar.” There is a lot to learn from music besides notes. Playing an instrument brings you into a new community that helps you understand yourself and the world people who participate, particularity around you. Competitions are one they are awesome young people youth, as explained in the article way for young guitarist to test for one. Two, they are learning “Whole Brain Learning: The Fine their newly learned skills against how to express themselves and
other skilled guitarists. These competitions teach students how to deal with loss and achievement as well as how to learn from the experience. “There are always competitions where I play well in practice then I get up there and don’t play well so it has taught me to deal with that disappointment and keep going further, not letting that ruin my attitude about it,” said Kristen Tibbets, a student in the classical guitar program at
McCallum. Tibbets began playing classical guitar at the age of 8, and now competes in UIL and experimented in composing her own music for the guitar. Her experience in musical programs has so far been positive and she continues to enjoy guitar, even though at times it can be frustrating. The bringing to light of the fine arts role in student life in an endeavor that continues growing as guitar classes and programs in schools
thrive along with the students in them. “I think that the greatest joy that I participate in,” said Williams. “It is such an honor to connect with people, and there are many different ways that that happens, as a teacher, as in ACGYO, seeing people do super beautiful things, it is just the coolest. To see somebody struggle and then succeed, oh my gosh, that is the coolest thing. It is just like magic.”
“Guitar is like a magic box and it endlessly filled with mystery and that is wonderful and I live for the sound of it,” said Williams. “Itʼs just a strange instrument, and I just havenʼt figured it out yet. Maybe thatʼs why I like it.”
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What’s On Your Shelf? Book-to-Film Lasa Survey Quotes from Lasa Freshmen Harry Potter
“The books introduce many children of to real literature, and inspire a love d, goo ty pret reading. The movies are but at the end of the day, they’re just movies.” -Jake Tarin
“There are so many more details and humorous moments that really add to the story that the movie left out.” -Laila Sheerin Percy Jackson
“The movies fail to capture Riordan’s wit and character that are present in the books.” -Jake Tarin “The books were revolutionary in their diversity and fantastical feel The movies had none of that..” -Vivian Streber
Hunger Games
“First book was great, second was ok, but the last book really sucked. The movies aren’t so well adapted and just look like some terrible 80’s dystopian movies.” -Richard Avalos “Suzanne Collins is an exceptional writer although she takes her time to jump into the story. Both the books and the movies have their high and low points.” -Lili Castillo
Divergent
“I think I speak for many people whe n I say that there’s a large stereotype of book-adaptation movies with a dystopian society and female protagonist of being cheesy/overcooked teenage movies; I think that steers many people away from the movies.” -Jisung Seo
All graphics made by Alexandria Sanders.
Wiggly Word Games Made by Alex Sanders
Across
4. Inlcudes spooky creatures and jumpscares 7. Includes aliens. the future, and dystopias 11. Genre with events that are unrealistic or didn’t actually happen 12. Includes singing and dancing 14. A classic monster that is undead with unfinished buisness WORD BANK 15. Includes learning, problems. and learning about those problems KINKY BOOTS 16. Includes solving murders and NEWSIES(NEWIES) thrilling tales
1.Western 2.Action 3.Zombies 4.Horror 5.Witches 6.RomCom 7.SciFi 8.Werewolf 9. Subgenre 10.Vampires 11. Fiction 12. Musical 13. Romance 14. Ghosts 15. Educational 16. Mystery
WORD BANK ANNIE BE MORE CHILL HAMILTON HEATHERS FALSETTOS
RENT SWEENEY TODD WICKED 1
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3 4 5
6 8
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11 12 13 14
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Down
1. Includes guns, horses, and the old west 2. Includes crashes, explosions, and guns 3. A classic monster that is undead looking for brains & flesh 5. A classic “monster” that has magic abilities 6. Includes love, tears, and a bunch of laughs 8. A classic monster with is half wolfhalf man 9. A subcategory within a particular genre 10. A classic monster that is undead looking for blood 13. Includes dramatic love stories
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How _____ Is Made
The writers gather to begin the grueling task of writing the episode.
After many hours in the writers room, the writers continue the script.
The script is sent to the voice-actors, who record the characters’ lines.
The animators storyboard the animation of the scenes in the episode.
Graphics by Lucy Sugawa
The animators, after a while, manage to finish the script and story.
The script must be approved before it can be turned into an episode.
The animations are hand-drawn, so animation may take up to 6 months.
Once the episode is edited and animated, it can be viewed at home!
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Autotuned Out Autotune’s contribution to music By: Cequia Tillman
he music blasts as he performer walks out onto the stage. They lift the microphone and hype up the crowd, getting them pumped up, then starts one of the verses to the song and they sound nothing like the voice is heard on the radio and their music videos. While playing the music, there is the voice, but in the microphone is someone else, the difference in the voice is astonishing, because they artists uses autotune. “It’s just a cool little effect on it, but some, there is just using a little too much, on every song you do,” said Paul Perez, bass player for country band Snake River Red. Autotune is used to alter pitches in artists voice and then the music making them sound different. It works by having an artist record the song multiple times, and starting editing all the good one together. If the artist has a flat note, or just an off one, the do what’s called a “nudge” and move the note to the right key. Which is why people get the idea that it’s only used in hip hop and pop music to give the music a different sound. There are different opinions and statements about the use of autotune. For example some say artists shouldn’t use autotune at all, because it’s a replacement for talent. While others argue that it doesn’t, but brings a new aspect to their music.
Graphic by Cequia Tillman
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“Talent, is everywhere.” - Al Brown, Musician
Graphic about how autotune works by Alexandria Sanders.
A lot of artists get criticism for their real voice, or for the amount of autotune used. Artists want to sound perfect so people will like their music. This is not the case for some country singers. “A lot of what I do, which is Texas country, and a lot of the people that record in the studio don’t use autotune for the most part because your imperfections in your voice set you apart from other people,” Perez said. Autotune was created in 1998 by Andy Hilderbrand, the first song that ever used autotune was “Believe” by Cher. After, it expanded and now most artists use it to give that nice effect on their voice. Artists like Cher, Kanye West, Rihanna, Faith Hill, Justin Timberlake, and Madonna have created some of the biggest hits using autotune. Autotune had music, changing it to something that we would enjoy. “Nothing is original in this age,” said Al Brown, retired blues musician. “All these new singers, they only care about the money and not the music.” There is controversy on whether autotune saved or caused of “the downward spiral “of music after 1998. Back when there was no technology to change things, the only way to find a melody was to sit and listen to the sounds filling the air around you.
Photo of Paul Perez talking about his experince as a writer/singer
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Graphics and design by Lucy Sugawa
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STEPS TO IMPROV
By Lucy Sugawa
Graphics by Lucy Sugawa
1 THE INITIATION
Go onstage! Say something, anything! The scene works best when you start with names, a location, and a relationship.
2 THE RESPONSE
Respond with BIG emotion!
Hint: Use one of the four main emotions: MAD, SAD, GLAD, & AFRAD
3 THE GAME Once you’ve found your joke, something weird, or something funny that happens, use it! That’s your GAME!
4 BEATS People think in threes, so play your game 3 times, or in 3 beats, hightening the level of emotion each time. The third laugh will be the biggest!
TIPS Make sure you start the scene with a grounded reality so the weird is funny! Know when to stop! The audience will get bored if you play a game for too long. Don’t try to be funny or do good improv. Just roll with what you think of! Your goal in improv should be to make your scene partner look good!
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13 Reasons Why Not The Effects of Television on Teens By Alexandria Sanders he sun rose slowly on an early morning. The birds chirped loudly in the trees and the dew gleamed on the grass. The only thing awake in the house was a mysterious, moody creature known as the young adult, on their electronic storytelling and internet-accessing machine watching the colorful moving pictures tell a story. Their eyes were glued to the screen since after the previous day’s dinner. For teens in 2010’s, TV is a big part of pop culture. Parents want to keep their kids safe and when they see something that might hurt their child they get upset, but sometimes these types of shows can result in more good than harm. There are some shows that are popular among teens containing dark themes such as violent attacks, death, and criminal activity. Sometimes these themes are not so apparent; the show can take a while to lead to the darker scenes and themes. Companies that are producing these types of shows seem to have set the
Media
Influencers and the media stuffing melodrama into teengers brains. Graphics by Alexandria Sanders.
target audience towards teens, for better or for worse. “There’s a little bit of an element of the curiosity, the interest, so it would appeal to teens,” said Kelly Nowteny, child therapist. “I just think that’s just where the market is right now.”
Melodrama
Shows like 13 Reasons Why and Riverdale have raised awareness to major problems in the US such as suicide, rape, drugs, and gangs. Suicide is the tenth leading cause of death for all ages in the United States and the second leading cause of death in ages 15 through 20 globally. Sexual violence is very common in the US towards both men and women. One in three women and one in six men are victims of sexual assault in their lifetime. 13 Reasons Why cover both suicide and sexual assault. Nowteny said these are major problems that
deserve to be discussed. “I also think that we’ve raised some
Graphic made by Alexandria Sanders
“[P]eople can identify if ‘hey I do feel depressed sometimes, I do feel anxious. Hey this is what this is, let me go talk to somebody and see if this situation and this is going to away or there’s family history here, medication might be helpful and some therapy. Let me get some help.’ I think it’s opened a door for conversation.” -Kelly Nowteny, a child therapist
awareness now in the young teen community,” Nowteny said. Netflix, the company that made and produced 13 Reasons Why and The
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Chilling Adventures of Sabrina, another show with darker themes, did a survey to see how 13 Reasons Why affected their viewers. A large percent of viewers said that the show helped them realize how their actions impact others. Over half the amount of people said that they reached out to someone they had hurt after viewing the first season. Even with all the previously listed benefits shows like 13 Reasons Why bring, there will always be those who see things in a different light than intended. Matthew Rogers, a TV reviewer, says some people can’t or just don’t care to separate what they’re seeing on the screen from the reality of the situation and it can lead to the suffering of them or those around them. “They don’t see it as a TV show,” said Rogers. “They idolize their favorite characters so that’s when it becomes dangerous in a negative spin. They don’t really know what the serious impacts of mental health could be because they just see the TV show version of it.” Sometimes TV, books, and movies are a form of escape for people, but it can be taken too far at times. Getting sucked into a show and believing it is true can be a recipe for disaster, even if it is realistic fiction. At that point it is still fiction, only it is set in reality.
Graphics made by Alexandria Sanders
“I think a lot of it depends on the personality of the person and how easily they are swayed by popular media.” said Nowteny. “Are you thinking for yourself? Are you able to distinguish that is not reality, this is a show, this is drama, this is fake?”. In American society it has become taboo to talk about our feelings, or else we’re seen as Matthew Rogers, film reviewer and Youtuber. Courtsey of Matthew Rogers.
Graphics made by Alexandria Sanders
ERROR
weak in society’s eyes. As a result most of the teenage generation don’t and won’t open up to the parents that they feel disconnected with or counselors and therapists that are almost always complete strangers.
not suitable for teenagers according to the Motion Picture Association of America, but some of the shows that have more mature ratings and touch sensitive subjects do more good than harm. Nowteny said she hoped that these producers aim to “Admitting that something is actually, invoke important genuinely is conversations and wrong, it’s not just profit. obviously quite difficult “Even if people especially are talking about when you’re a depressing y o u n g e r, ” thing, if it’s getting said Rogers. something solved “It is then I guess that’s important to always going to be talk about it a positive impact,” and not get said Rogers. in your own head about it. It’s a good idea to always show your vulnerability to those around you because most of the time they’re there to look out for you just like you’d probably do for them”. There are movies and TV shows that are
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Graphics and design by Lucy Sugawa
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Teen Tunes
M
N
L J
K I
A) Piano B) Guitar C) Violin D) Cello E) Viola F) Bass
I) 0-1 years J) 2-3years K) 4-6 years L)7-8 years
G) None
M) 9-10 years
H) Other
N)More than 10
By Charlotte Barnes
Graphics by Charlotte Barnes
O) Yes P) No
T) Itʼs fun/I have to
Q) Maybe R) Doesnʼt Play
V) I have to W)It is fun
S) Other
X) Other
U) Doesnʼt play
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Kristin Henn gives notes on a performance during an adult improv class. Comedy troupes such as this help people get in touch with themselves and their teams. Photo courtesy of Kristin Henn.
An adult improv troupe performs a show at Coldtowne Theatre. Photo courtesy of Kristin Henn.
he lights dimmed. The crowd roared. As the lights flashed and the announcer yelled, the troupe members rushed the stage, grinning broadly. They introduced themselves and started the show, losing themselves in the performance.
worries and stressors of life —and hope it can do the same for others.
It’s not that big a deal if I’m not the most famous comedian in the world in ten years.
-Luke McClorry, comedian Comedy takes many different forms. Some are in improv done onstage, a show made up on the spot. Some are written “Well for one, it’s not that great a burden to into television, sketches or movies. Some do, and even just, if all I did was come on are in the form of a book, blog or tweets. once a week in an open mic, just hang out and do this, that’d be a fun little hobby. So, “I think in life, it’s probably one of the more it’s not that big a deal if I’m not the most frivolous pursuits you can possibly do, famous comedian in the world in ten years. apart from just the general idea that just I mean, it’d be nice.” McClorry said. having a little humor in your life is good for you,” said Luke McClorry, an Austin McClorry does stand-up comedy in his free time, using it as an escape. He comedian. doesn’t do it for his job, he does it For many comedians, comedy isn’t a because he loves it, as many do. career. It’s a way to let go of the daily
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Kristin Henn directs improv excersizes during an adult class. Photo courtesy of Kristin Henn.
According to Luke, comedy is good for the self. Doing comedy is a good way to get your feelings out in the open and work through them from a new perspective. “Comedy in general is a good way to communicate about things that we’re worried about in a way that puts them in perspective,” said Kristin Henn, director of youth improv at Coldtowne Theatre. “The thing about improv specifically is that it asks us to be flexible in our thinking and to be collaborative. It asks us to give up control which is really great. It can reassure you that you can let things go... It’s also just good for you. It’s good to just laugh and have fun.” For Kristin, performing comedy onstage is a thrilling, liberating experience, especially for those who struggle to let go of control. “When I’m doing the kind of pure improv
Flexible thinking is always a benefit. Everything you need is already there. -Kristin Henn, Improv Teacher
that everyone loves to do, it feels more personal, like there’s a lot at stake for me,” Henn said. “Flexible thinking is always a benefit. Everything you need is already there.” Those in comedy agree that aside from healing of the self, it is a good way to bring people together. “I love that you can engage people and provide them with an experience,”Henn said. “I love to see people discover things. I love the bond that happens in a class and seeing how everybody gets to like each other. Anything can happen, and that often
Youth Improv troupe “Sara Without” warms up using an energy-building game. Photo by Lucy Sugawa
what happens is amazing. The magic connections that appear...the improv creates group mind and it feels great, it’s really fun.” Humor doesn’t just have to be performed, though. Humor writer Wendi Aarons is featured in humor sites such as McSweeney’s, US weekly Fashion Police, and NickMom television. She thinks that humor is essential in everyday life. “I think that’s the best part, it brings people together,” said Aarons. Henn believes performance comedy is good for the performers and the audience, just as written comedy is good for the author and the reader. She takes this concept and applies to every performance. “It’s a way to connect to people and to just laugh at the ridiculousness of the world
and show your child-like personality. It can be pointed humor or political humor or just goofy, but it all seems to serve the same purpose, and it gets people to just overcome whatever biases they have, and they just laugh,” Henn said. According to Aarons, finding your funny voice is key to making humor work. “I’ve had enough time trying to write other things and trying to be more of a business person, serious person. My natural voice is funny and even if I try to write something sincere, it’s terrible,” Aarons said. According to McClorry, Henn, and Aarons, comedy is, above all, about the humanity of it. Comedy forges a special connection between all involved, regardless of form. “Comedy is very much a form of love.” Aarons said.
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Youtube was launched on Februray 14th, 2005. it was founded by Steve Chen, Chad Hurly, and Jawed Karim. It didn’t become popular until 4 years after it’s release.
Following behind, on january 24th, after trying to get picked up by twitter, but was by intermedia labs, Vine was launched. The founders, Dom Hofman, Rus Yusupov, and colin Kroll opened a window for memes. Vine died On december 16th, 2016, and renamed in 2017.
Musically was created not long after Vine was lauched by two friends, Alex Zhu and Luyu Yang. The firat prototype was released in April 2014, and the official was launched in august of the same year. It became popular after vine died, and they announced it would be merged on August 1st, 2018.
Tik tok was lauched by bytedance in september of 2016. It wasnt popular until it was merged with Musically, in August 2nd, 2018.
Stairs to songwriting Four steps that country singers use to write their songs.
Pick up an instrument and start humming to find a melody, start singing a bit and write it down
Repeat until you’re content with your work.
Polish it up by taking things you dont like out and add things you do like.
Come up with a nice line maybe as a title, or a line in the song and Tempo
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Meet the Editors
Design by Lucy Sugawa
Photo Editor
Cequia Tillman
Charlotte Barnes is an energetic kid who spends her time playing frisbee, practicing guitar, and painting. She enjoys watching poorly produced chinese dramas a little too much and is always up for a good laugh. She loves all of her friends and hopes that they love themselves too.
Charlotte Barnes
Content Editor
Cequia Tillman is a sassy, outgoing character. She finds joy in joking around with her friends, hanging out in dark places, cooking and dancing. She always has a joke for any and every occasion, and she loves her best friend.
Graphics Editor
Lucy Sugawa
Alex Sanders is a fun loving freshman that enjoys spinning flags and dancing (colorguard), singing, and acting. She spends her freetime choreographing, reading, and practicing American sign language. Her best friends include Cequia Tillman, Kendra Smith, Yen Vo, and Kiddy Smith. She brings a critical eye and go-getter attitude to the group.
Copy Editor
Lucy Sugawa is a (hopefully) not so angsty teen. She loves to be a weirdo with her friends and perform. In her free time, she enjoys theatre, improv, and more Takis than she should. She reads too much, probably talks too much, definitely watches too many sitcoms, and never gets enough sleep.
Alex Sanders
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Special Thanks Interviewees:
Photographers/Models:
Wendi Aarons, comedy writer
Lily Castillo
Gage Bausman, a guitar student at McCallum
Pete Bates
Kristin Henn, director of youth improv at Coldtowne Theatre Matthew Hinsley, author of Classical Guitar for Young People and developer of GuitarCurriculum.com Luke McClorry, Austin comedian Kelly Nowteny, child therapist Paul Perrez, bass player in Snake River Red
Marc Ewe
Handlettering: Zoe Klein
Our Parents: Robin Barnes Thad Barnes Kate Donaho Jean Griffin John Griffin
Matthew Rogers, film reviwer & Youtuber
Mattie Simpson
Kristen Tibbets, a guitar student at McCallum
Jason Sugawa
Joseph Williams, composer, conductor, and guitarist Al Brown, musician
Our Teacher: Mr. Kevin Garcia
Brandon Simpson
Research Websites: Asfp.org Nimh.nih.gov Nsvrc.org Refinery29.com
Back cover and inside back cover graphics and design by Lucy Sugawa
Creativity is allowing yourself to make mistakes. Art is knowing which ones to keep. -Scott Adams