CHINA 中国 Global Design Studio 环 球 设 计 工 作 营 2014
CHINA 中国 Global Design Studio 环 球 设 计 工 作 营 2014
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CONTENTS 目录
002 DETAILS | 建筑细部 Justin Ping
018 FACADES | 表皮 Robyn Wolochow
032 FOOD | 食物 Lauren MacKenzie
048 PASSAGEWAYS | 通道 Parisa Mard
060 ROOFS | 屋顶 Julie Wu
072 CITY MAKING | 造城运动 Di Wu
086 LANDSCAPE | 景观 Sam Tremont
102 STREETS | 街道 Ken Secco
114 POETRY OF SPACE | 诗意的空间 Safei Gu
124 URBAN OBJECTS | 都市小品 Tyler Smith
132 TEXTURES | 肌理 Brianne Papendick
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DETAILS Justin Ping
建筑细部 Justin Ping
The phenomenological nature of material, fabrication, and assembly
材料、建造与装配工艺的本质尽在建筑细部。通过拥有无限可能性
is manifested in the detail. A universal condition of our construction,
的构造表达，建筑细部传递了建筑物难免局限于土地的天性，也是
the detail communicates the unavoidably earthbound nature of buildings through infinite possibilities of tectonic expression. Issues of authorship, exploration, use, function, and significance permeate the
建造的一种普遍情况。著作权、探索、使用、功能和意义的问题渗 透在建筑细部的方方面面，每一次人与细部的互动过程都提供了再
being of the detail; each interaction offers an opportunity for discovery.
次发现的机会。建筑细部在宏观和微观两个尺度上不断地吸引着我
Details operate at the macro and micro levels, constantly tugging at us
们深入感受、观察、思考。我们感受细部，并受到来自它的多维度
from a variety of scales. We feel details, immeasurably influenced by
的影响。
the dimensional variables through which they speak to us.
Female lion protects the entrance to the emperor’s palace 石龙保护黄帝寝宫的入口处
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A transport tricycle rusts away outside an ancient temple site 古代寺庙外生锈的三轮车
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Modular bricks display robust, infinite hues and textures 模数化的砖块展现了充沛的 纹理感和无尽的线索。
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Intricately ornamented ceilings at the Forbidden City in Beijing 北京紫禁城的错综复杂的装 饰性的天花板
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Left: Seemingly ordinary elements, such as this window frame, can foster extraordinary patterns 左：看似普通元素，比如 这个窗框，可以生成非凡 的图案 Right: Intermittent pavers offer opportunities for symbolic expression 右：间隔的排铺为符号表达 提供了机会
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Left: The door knocker takes on a life of it own, and tells its own story 左：门环有内在的生命，并 拥有自己的故事 Right: Light is a mechanism of the detail; Bas-relief gives life to monochromatic materials (Emperor’s Road of the Hall of Preserving Harmony) 右：光是细部的灵魂，浅浮 雕赋予单色材料以生命 (保和殿)
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Terracotta roof tiles and masonry, worn to reveal their composition. 屋顶的陶瓦和砖墙，历经岁月磨 砺而显露出它们的本质构成。
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Temporary text and graffiti give context to the detail, and is evidence of continued human interaction 临时文字和涂鸦给细部带来了解读的语境，同时也是一种细 部与人持续互动的证据
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FAÇADE Robyn Wolochow Facades are the backdrop to the urban condition. They establish a sense of scale, pattern, and rhythm, and determine the overall fabric of a city. They are filters between culture and building, and are capable of reflecting the society and lifestyle of a city’s inhabitants.
表皮 Robyn Wolochow 表皮是城市的背景。它们形成了城市的尺度感，细节纹样，节奏和总 体机理。表皮是向人们展示城市外在状态下的隐藏内涵的窗口，管中 窥豹，逐渐理解城市的文化，社会，和居民的生活方式。
Zhengzhou city skyline 郑州天际线
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The building exteriors in China are fascinating as a collective whole, from their massive scale, their repetitiveness, their materiality and their overwhelming sense of neutrality towards the nature of development in China. 中国建筑的巨大体量，重复的韵律，材料和在当代中国快速开发大环境 下保持的强烈的中性立场形成一个整体，一个令人着迷的建筑外貌。
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Zhengzhou residential towers framing the street condition 郑州的住宅楼展示街道环境
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Zhengzhou residential towers 郑州的住宅楼
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Prioritizing economic feasibility and increased efficiency, the design of a single façade is simply repeated over and over, creating massive blocks of identical buildings. The repetition in the façade condition that this creates is a factor of the enormous amount of construction occurring throughout China. 经济方面的可行性和不断提高的效率，使得表皮设计成为简单的 不断重复，形成充满相同建筑的巨大街区。这样的的设计方式和 现实环境是形成中国城市设计尺度巨大的一个原因之一。
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ELEMENTAL REPETITION | 元素的重复
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High rise building facades found throughout China 在中国随处可见的高层建筑 的立面表皮
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FOOD Lauren MacKenzie
食物 Lauren MacKenzie
Food is the single most important element to any culture. It is based
食物在任何一个文化下都是最重要的元素。它源于于地理，历史，
on geography, history, lifestyle, and climate. It reveals the nature of a
生活方式和气候环境。食物展示了国家或地区人民的文化。通过食
country or region’s people, culture, and sense of community through the manner in which it is prepared, served, eaten, and enjoyed. As firsttime visitors to China, food offered a unique and experientially-driven perspective into the traditions and societal norms of Chinese culture.
物的准备，招待，进食和享受的方式，也展示了人们对于社群的理 解。作为一个第一次到中国来的游客，食物为我提供了一个独特和 充满体验的观察中国传统文化和社会习惯的视角。
Beijing Hot Pot 北京涮肉锅
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Fried mini shrimp and peppers
Sweet bean paste dessert
Egg and spinach quiche
辣椒炒虾
绿豆糕甜点
鸡蛋菠菜煎饼
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Fresh watermelon and apples
Sweet yams with blueberry
Uncooked lamb for hotpot
餐后瓜果盘
and peach fruit glazes
涮羊肉片
蓝莓桃子山药酱
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Most meals are served family-style so everyone gets to try each dish 多数餐点以家庭共享的方式 呈上，这样每个人都能尝到 每一道菜
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Potato noodles
Spicy meat dish
Marbled meat
土豆粉
微辣牛肉粒
炒肉片
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SNACK FOODS | 零食
Hershey’s Kisses
Chocolate and milk tea flavored lollipops
Plum flavored fruit rolls
好时巧克力
巧克力及奶茶口味的棒棒糖
李子蜜饯
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Orion Choco Pie
Canned coffee
好丽友派
罐装雀巢咖啡
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Each dish is a piece of art. All the colors, textures, shapes, and patterns make a beautiful masterpiece. 每一道菜都是一件艺术品，由不同的色泽、纹理、形状、图案构 成的艺术品。
Intricate detailing of traditional dumplings 有趣的传统中式饺子的 焦面细节
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Chicken feet
Beef and vegetable stew
Pork belly with rolls
泡椒凤爪
蔬菜炖牛肉
牛肉卦包
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Spicy tofu
Lotus root fruit
麻婆豆腐
甜藕片
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Cubed meat dish
Tongue
冻肉粒
牛舌
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PASSAGEWAYS Parisa Mard Mehdiabadi
通道 Parisa Mard Mehdiabadi
The urban and rural infrastructure and arteries in Beijing and Zhengzhou
北京和郑州的基础设施和交通干道使行人得以在景观中移动穿梭。从
facilitate traffic and pedestrian movement across the landscape. The
大尺度，如交通要道，高速公路，到小尺度的城市街道，小巷或是胡
following images investigate these means of movement at a range of scales, examining the differences between the larger arteries, such as
同，以下的照片通过这些不同的尺度，来展示不同种类的交通通道。
highways, and the smaller-scale urban streets, alleyways, or hutongs, and the interior passageways within the Forbidden City.
Personalization of a housing facade in a hutong 个性化的胡同内名居立面
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City gate with wide stairway leading to it
Passageway to the Forbidden City
Large opening connecting to another space
城市大门和其前的宽阔阶梯
通往紫禁城的道路
连接不同空间的巨大敞开空间
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MAJOR ARTERIES | 主干道
Steven Holl’s Linked Hybrids visible from the highway
Dense housing developments along major arteries
Beijing’s skyline from the highway
从高速公路上远眺Steven Holl设计的背景当代MOMA
主干道两侧的高密度住宅开发
从高速公路上远眺北京天际线
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Beijing’s inner city traffic during midday
Zhengzhou rapid development among major arteries
Travel by a major artery through the city of Beijing
白天北京内城的交通
郑州主干道周边地块的快速开发
沿着主干道游览北京
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MINOR ARTERIES | 次级道路
Signage and canopies break the scale of the hutong
The small scale of the hutong allows for passage of
Street furniture in a hutong
招牌和雨棚破坏胡同的尺度
light traffic such as pedestrians and bicycles
胡同的街道家具
胡同之间的巷道可以让行人和自行车穿行
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An old hutong in Beijing
Electric cables break the skyline of the hutong
Accommodation of urban utilities in the narrow hutong
背景老胡同
电缆破坏了胡同的天际线
在狭窄的胡同中的城市公共设施
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Hutongs are small-scale narrow “streets,” allowing the programs from the interior of the house to spill out into these spaces. 胡同是狭窄小尺度的街道，民居内部的功能有时也会延续出延许到其中
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Temporary farmers housing
Drying peanuts along the
clustered together to make a village
alleyway of a village
农民工临时住房形成了一个小村庄
在村庄小路边干燥的花生
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Light fabric mesh used as a
Farmers peeling corn outside
shading device in the pathway
their temporary housing units
遮阳用的轻质网
农民在屋外剥玉米
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ROOFS Julie Wu
屋顶 吴毓庭
The roof and overhang structures in villages of Zhengzhou New Town,
郑州新城，北京胡同，紫禁城的屋顶和悬挑结构向人们诉说传统与摩
hutongs of Beijing, and the Forbidden City tell stories of tradition and
登，人性和皇室的故事。特别是在郑州新城追求新身份的快速开发
modernity, humility and royalty. These two juxtapositions are further revealed in the ramifications of rapid development of Zhengzhou New Town in search of a new identity, and in the exuberance of the
中，和紫禁城高高立于墙外百姓生活之上的繁荣兴旺里，这两种对立 并列的关系得到更好的诠释。
Forbidden City towering over civilian life outside of the palace walls. Mythical creatures on the corner of the roof show the status of the pavilion 亭子屋顶角上的神兽表明地位
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Small, yellow flowers of luffa cylindrical
The fruits of luffa cylindrica , also called “loofah,” is
丝瓜上的小黄花
popularly harvested and eaten as a vegetable 丝瓜在这里被当做蔬菜被广泛种植
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The residences in the villages of Zhengzhou New Town rely on nature to shade from the hot sun. By draping flowers of luffa vines over a net-like structure between the entrances of two houses, workers can take delight in the intimate gardens that welcome them back to their families. 郑州新城工地上临时村庄里的居民利用自然来遮阳。丝 瓜藤蔓在网上生长，农民工可以和家人在自家小院里享 受时光 Inviting foyers for workers and their families 工人和他们家人的门厅
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His Majesty viewing his people from the high mountains 帝王在山顶上俯瞰他的臣民
The
modest
villages
outside of Zhengzhou New Town are in contrast with the contemporary structures in steel and strict geometries in the new city center, while the golden aura of the Forbidden City stands out against the grey backdrop of Beijing. 郑州新城外的低调的村庄 和新城中心钢结构建筑和 严谨的几何体形成强烈对 比。紫禁城金光闪闪的气 场屹立于北京灰色主色调 的背景之上 。
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Extreme axiality at the Forbidden City, Hall of Supreme Harmony 严格的中轴对称，太和殿
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Roofscapes shape a place, village, and city, its distinct local, national, and global identity and status. The roofs are often constructed in layers, creating depth, which allows for differences in shading porosity and surface area for ornamentation, as well as softly and strongly defined edges that characterize streets. 屋顶景观塑造场所，村庄和城市其独特的本土，本 国和全球化的身份特征和地位。这些屋顶往往成多 层的结构，展现出景深，提供多样的遮阳方式和可 供装饰的细部，灵巧或生硬地勾勒出屋檐的形状。
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FORBIDDEN CITY | 紫禁城
Gold and red, colors of
Intricate hand paintings
Imperial golden globe,
power and the elite
on all ceiling surfaces
token of royal status
金色和红色， 权贵的色彩
满附天花的复杂手绘
屋顶上的金色圆球
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Interlocking (dougong)
Imperial golden
Ornamented gates with an
wood brackets supporting
terracotta roof tiles
immense scale and highly
timber frame structure
帝王金色的陶瓦片
articulated rooflines
斗拱支持其上的木构件
巨大尺度的雕花牌坊和结构 清晰的屋檐
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CITY MAKING Di Wu
造城运动 吴迪
The massive city-making movement currently occurring in China
这场波及数亿人的造城运动正在中国发生。随着村落变成城市，农民
influences millions of people. Villages are transformed into cities in a
的身份也转变为工人，个体户或其他城市永久居民。站在郑州滨水休
matter of years and farmers must adopt new roles as urban employees. Looking at the site of the proposed Water City in Zhengzhou, it is difficult to imagine the rural landscape as a bustling metropolis. Only the road
闲文化区的设计场地中，很难把灯火辉煌的大都市景象和眼前的自然 风光重叠在一起。只有些许已经铺设完毕的道路提醒着人们这片土地
network, the first of the new infrastructure to be built, suggests the
的未来。在这个项目中我的兴趣不只局限在设计本省，更多的是希望
future development for the expansive farmland.
可以通过这个项目记录在这场造城运动中，居民社会角色的转变对社 会和经济的影响。 Alleyway in a village in Zhengzhou 郑州村庄中的小路
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Site cleared of history and villages for a new urbanization 设计场地上的现存乡村景观
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Through the process of city-making, village life and rural livelihoods are irreversibly altered as a result of the social and economical impact of development. 通过造城运动，乡村的生活被不可逆地转变。这是城市开发对社 会及经济的影响的结果
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Degradation of the existing building on site 拆除场地中的现存建筑
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New construction found in the city 城市中的新建建筑
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Small scale urban streets with vegetation 小尺度的城市街道和绿化
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The Central Business District of Zhengzhou remains alive after dark 郑州CBD天黑后仍然充 满生机
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Users occupying the open spaces of the CBD 居民占据和使用CBD的公 共空间
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LANDSCAPES Sam Tremont
景观 Sam Tremont
Landscaping is a central element to Chinese architecture and
景观是中国建筑与城市设计的核心要素之一。这部分的照片展现了北
urban design. The following collection of images shows examples
京和郑州的景观设计案例。北京故宫对硬质景观与软质景观的处理也
of landscape design in Beijing and Zhengzhou. The treatment of the hardscapes and softscapes within Beijing’s Forbidden City illustrate the importance of landscape design within Chinese architecture. The landscaping elements in the following examples are well integrated
从另一个侧面佐证了景观之于中式传统建筑的重要性。这些照片所捕 捉的景观元素被很好地融合在建筑空间的设计中，得以让我们从这微 小的视角来探寻中国景观的丰富、多样。
into the design of architectural spaces, and are just a small sampling of what Chinese landscape has to offer. Stone pathway at Jingshan Park 北京景山公园的石材铺路
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Sculpted bushes
Steel structure for tree
Beautiful rockery
具有雕塑感的灌木
为树木设计的钢结构景观支撑
假山石的雕塑
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Bonsai tree
Stone sculpture
盆景
假山石的雕塑
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Current site conditions awaiting the Binhe New Town, Zhengzhou 现存的郑州场地情况
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Hardscapes found in the Forbidden City 北京故宫里的硬质景观铺地
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JINGSHAN PARK | 北京景山公园
Circulation paths 人行小径
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Chinese paintings and prints of landscapes are famous throughout the art world, depicting sophisticated landscape scenery from the 7th century onward. Taoist, Buddhist, and Feng Shui traditions all play a role in the arrangement of Chinese gardens, with elements of each contributing to the elaborate gardens that can be seen today throughout China. 源自公元后七世纪的中国古典园林绘画举世闻名。中式园林的布 局设计受到道家、佛学、风水等传统文化的影响，与之相关的园 林元素如今仍在中国各处的园林景观设计中占有一席之地。
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Miscellaneous landscape details found in the city 城市中的各类景观细部
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Stone sculpture 假山石的雕塑
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STREETS Ken Secco
街道 Ken Secco
The following images capture the extensive utilization of the interstitial
这些照片捕捉了在中国人们对街道空间的广泛的使用，并尝试探讨当
spaces between buildings and attempt to bring forward the complex
地人与街道的复杂的公共、私密的关系。街道空间经常被用作家庭日
private/public relationship Chinese citizens have with the street. These spaces are often utilized as an extension of one’s home. Programmatic additions such as clotheslines, tables, chairs, and bicycles challenge
常生活的延伸。在北京逛街时，人行道时而被街边居民的晾衣架或是 食物占据，我们需要来回穿梭于马路上的车流的边缘来迂回前行。虽
the traditional role of the street, breaking down the scale and instilling
然刚开始对此我不太习惯，但这样一种在行走中建立起的人与街道及
a personal connection between the people occupying it.
街边的居民的关系，打破了马路的大尺度，并逐步地在我和街边居民 之间建立了另一种亲密的关联。 Street life in Beijing, China 中国北京的街道生活
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Large avenue with heavy vehicular traffic in Beijing 有大量车流的主干道
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Daily activities happen in the street, an extension of the home 居民的日常生活从家里延 伸到街道中
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Waterfront markets 湖边小商店
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Street conditions give life to the urban environment. The fabric they create connects the city and facilitates or hinders our daily routines. The various building, vehicular, and pedestrian relationships to the street give character and help define individual urban districts.
街道给北京这座城市增添了生气。街道肌理连接了城市，时而帮 助、时而阻碍了我们的日常生活。建筑与街道，车流与街道，行 人与街道之间的不同的关系，定义了城市中不同街区的特征。
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Lights of the retail district when the night comes alive in Beijing 当夜晚降临，商店华灯初上
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POETRY OF SPACE Safei Gu
诗意的空间 顾飒斐
The built environment is individually experienced through its formal
人们对空间的体验受到了建筑形式、材质设计、空间比例、建筑功能
language, materiality, proportions, and function. Designers have a
等多种因素的影响。空间的诗意隐逸其中，蕴含着设计师对空间、明
unique opportunity to manipulate this experiential quality of space through lighting, pattern, and scale, creating a three-dimensional form of poetry. The following images begin at the scale of the detail
暗、尺度的匠心独具。这组照片捕捉了传统中国建筑空间与现代化进 程中当代中国建筑之间的巨变与张力。在北京与郑州的每一个角落，
and gradually zoom out to the scale of the building, showing the severe
新与旧、传统与现代之间反差与融合，是我们中国之行中最令人印象
transition from traditional built environment to modern development
深刻、又引人深思的现象。
in Beijing and Zhengzhou, China.
Preserved traditional poetic space in traditional Chinese courtyard 保留下来的中式庭院中的传统诗意空间
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Traditional features of Chinese homes 传统中式建筑的构成元素
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Modern art gallery with traditional brick material language 用传统砖块建筑语言设计的当代艺术画廊
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Throughout China there are preservations, translations, conflicts and compromises between the old and the new, the traditional and the modern. 在北京与郑州这两座城市的每一个街 角，我们都能发现城市建筑元素的新与 旧、传统与现代之间的思辨共生现象， 它们之间的张力体现为保留、转译、融 合、冲突，亦或是妥协的形式。
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Zhengzhou East train station with haze inside the building 似有雾霾在室内的火车站
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URBAN OBJECTS Tyler Smith
都市小品 Tyler Smith
The following chapter explores the relationship of objects to their
我对物品与它们周围环境的关系、以及“都市”小品及“非都市”小
surroundings and the juxtaposition between ‘urban’ objects and
品之间的并置关系很感兴趣。这些物品是否受到它们周边环境的影响
‘non-urban’ objects. Are the objects in fact differentiated by their locale, or are they defined independent of a context? These images explore objects at a variety of scales within a wide range of backdrops
呢？抑或它们其实独立于周围的环境而存在？这组拍摄于北京与郑州 的照片从不同的尺度来探讨这些存在于这两座城市的都市小品。
throughout Beijing and Zhengzhou.
Sign hanging in workers village in Zhengzhou 郑州的一个工人暂住区内的限速标志
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Bell and lion found
Flooded rural ruin in
at a temple
Zhengzhou
寺庙中的古钟与石狮
被水浸湿的郑州农村遗迹
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As the rural landscape is developed and re-designed into a new urban metropolis, the found objects are suddenly located in a radically re-defined context. 由于乡村景色被重新开发和设计成为都市，影像捕捉到的城市小品也 处在这样快速变化的大环境中
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Infrastructure framing architecture in Zhengzhou 郑州的基础设施结构
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URBAN OBJECTS | 都市小品
The Jianjiang Inn, Beijing
Figurine found in Zhengzhou
Marking on a pole in Beijing
北京锦江之星后海宾馆
郑州捡到的观音陶瓷碎像
北京某路庄上的涂鸦
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People on an electro scooter
Van transportation in Zhengzhou
摩托车上的人
郑州的货运客车
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TEXTURES Brianne Papendick
肌理 Brianne Papendick
At a variety of scales, the texture gradient of China presents a
从飞机上的鸟瞰到放大的建筑局部，中国地肌理变化呈现出一种完
multi-dimensional experience, enabling the formation of an entirely
全不同的视角。以下的相片从自然和人文两方面捕捉记录了一些列
different urban perspective from that of Western cities. The following images, which explore both the natural and the man-made, present a range of colors, patterns, and geometries. Together, these visual
的色彩，图案和形状，组成一幅可以代表中国文化和历史的肌理地 图
characteristics create a texture map that begins to represent Chinese culture and tradition. Rockery formations in the gardens of the Forbidden City, Beijing 紫禁城内人造岩石
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Trees found in the imperial garden of the Forbidden City 紫禁城后花园的树
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Patterns and textures found in landscapes at the larger scale 人造和自然景观中的图案， 肌理
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Lights of Zhengzhou Central Business District at night 郑州中央商务区夜晚的华灯
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GROUND SURFACES | 地面
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The overwhelming amount of construction occurring throughout China in recent years creates its own type of texture, through the materials, speed and quality of the work, and the methods of building. 通过材料，速度，工程质量和建筑方式，近几年中国各地的数量 众多的新建建筑已经形成了其独特的肌理。
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ABOUT THE PUBLICATION
有关发布
China is a photo journal assembled by eleven
《中国》影像日记由十一位密歇根大学，陶博
students in their final year of the graduate architecture program at the University of Michigan, Taubman College of Architecture +
曼建筑与城市规划学院研究生于2014年秋季在 教授拉尔斯·格雷布纳的指导下合作完成
Urban Planning, under the direction of studio professor Lars Gräbner in the Fall of 2014.
本书是对12天在中国北京和郑州课程旅行的
The work is the result of a twelve day studio visit
to
Beijing
and
Province
China.
Each
Zhengzhou, student
Henan
chose
a
总结。每位学生选择一个主题，选择一系列照 片，阐述自己对中国文化和传统的理解，并记 录在中国旅行的经历
category of particular interest and assembled a collection of images that create a narrative
本书内所有照片均为学生拍摄
of Chinese culture and traditions, as well as the individual experiences of the time spent in China. All photos are originals of the students.
EDITED BY:
TRANSLATED BY:
编辑：
Lauren MacKenzie
Safei Gu
Lauren MacKenzie
Robyn Wolochow
Di Wu
Robyn Wolochow
翻译 ： 吴迪 顾飒斐
© University of Michigan 2014
© University of Michigan 2014
Taubman College of Architecture + Urban Planning
Taubman College of Architecture + Urban Planning
2000 Bonisteel Boulevard
2000 Bonisteel Boulevard
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
Printed in China.
印刷于中国