Visual Order

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figure/ground similarity proximity closure comtinuance translation rotation reflection glide/reflection dilation structured space symmetric balance

content

asymmetric balance ambiguous balance neutral balance


figure/ground

the fundamental law of perception that allows us to “read� imagery.


similarity

we tend to see figures with similar characteristics—eg: shape, color, texture, etc. as belonging together.


proximity

we tend to see figures with similar characteristics—eg: shape, color, texture, etc. as belonging together.


closure

we tend to visually “close” or “complete” figures that seem open or unresolved


continuance

we tend to see figures that are arranged a certain way as continuing beyond what can be seen.


translation

moving an object along a predetermined axis while retaining its shape and proportions


rotation

rotating a figure around a fixed point while retaining its original size, shape and proportions


reflection

flipping an image over an imaginary axis so that it appears relected as though in a mirror


glide/reflection

reflecting a shape while simultaneously “gliding� it into a new position



dilation

enlarging a shape while maintaining its original proportions.


structure 1


structure 2


structure 3


structure 4


structure 5


structure 6


symmetric balance

characterized by a central axis and regularity, congruency, proportion, passivity, restfulness, static, inactivity, and stability.


asymmetric balance

characterized by irregular or unequal arrangements between compositional elements relative to a central axis; dynamic, active, stressful, tense


ambiguous balance

characterized by a lack of, or unclear, relationships between compositional elements; vague, indefinite


neutral balance

characterized by randomness and ambiguous equilibrium; nonactive, lacking emphasis or contrast



lauren lanigan, Š 2012 completed as a requirement for visual communication in the graphic design department at the kansas city art institute. michael kidwell, assistant professor.


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