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LAYLA STEVENS

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Brief & Spec I aim to design an art centre, to help new and existing artists residing within the area of Beckton, with pushing them to the next stage of their careers with state of the art facilities and services and help inspire a new generation to work within a creative industry. Beckton is a heavily residential area which only has a few community services which the council of Newham is concerned about. As Central London is known to have a variety of existing art centres, this centre will need to stand out to attract people, by following the theme of contrast featuring on the exterior and the interiors of the building(s). Many existing art centres do no supply artists with public studio spaces and/or do not have the resources to allow artists to work within the centre itself. To prevent this affordable public studio rooms for rent need to be designed and an art store needs to be included to provide for artists within London.

New modern housing and flats are mainly emerging from this part of Beckton. As this area currently and soon will have and currently has high level apartments in the area lighting may become an issue. However, this area has good transportation links as the closest train station, Beckton Station, is a 19 minute walk or a 6 minute journey by bus. Also traffic levels in the area are quite low, reducing the need to consider how the design of the design centre will affect transportation.

Many considerations would have to be put into place as the building is near a sewage plant and will be surrounded by residential flats. Also due to weird shape of the land the design of the building needs to utilise all of the space that is available

Specification: It must have: • • • • •

Disabled access including ramps, lifts and wide doorways to enable wheelchair access Studio spaces that vary in size Gallery/exhibition spaces Outdoor green space due to local pollution Residency spaces that is separate to the main building to prevent disturbance to the residents

Site location

As Beckton has a lot of modern residential housing, the art centre needs to stand out in order to attract people visually, especially people who may not have been informed about the building(s). To achieve contrast the following needs to be considered:

Fig.1 Herbert Art Gallery & Museum

• The use of materials Materials come in different textures and forms. To create contrast I would need to consider what shape the material is going to take.

• The use of colour The use of colours can affect the way a space feels and may change the way people interact with the space.

Complimentary colours are opposite colours on the colour wheel. Using complimentary colours for my design may help me with the theme of contrast & juxtaposition. The main complimentary colours are: red& green, orange & blue, yellow & purple. Also the brightness and saturation of a colour can affect how the space feels.

Fig.2 Tate Modern

• Manipulation of light e.g. the placement of windows • The use of shapes & lines

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Example of how contrast could be used by using complimentary colours.

This building shows a great amount of contrast via the use of materials and shapes within the design, especially the shape of the windows.

SECONDARY RESEARCH

Art centre

Le Point du jour Art Centre - Drawings Le Point du jour is a visual arts centre located in France. This building is made of concrete and is wrapped in a waterproofing material made of sheets of asphalt and a thin layer of aluminium. The ground flooring is made of tar and concrete.

As Le Point du Jour art centre uses a variety of synthetic and non-raw materials, it contrasts with its local natural, rocky surroundings. If I am to implement the same contrasting method with my design, I should consider adding some old architectural design elements (contrasting with the modern housing nearby)

This building doesn’t utilise all the available space as there could’ve been a potential third level added to the building.

This building contrasts it's local surroundings with its use of synthetic materials and geometric shapes.

SECONDARY RESEARCH

Art centre

State Gallery of Lower Austria

Designed by Marte Marte, the State Gallery of Lower Austria is an exhibition space that supports Austrian artists.

The building is cladded with zinc panels and has an interior stairwell that stands vertically, which contrasts with the building’s warped exterior.

The Tate Modern also features distortion of shape, which makes it look interesting from its plain brick exterior.

EXPERIMENTATION WITH DISTORTION & PATTERN

To produce this result I distorted the top of the cubes to produce the parallelogram shapes shown at the front.

This is inspired by the Marte gallery, but it differs at it is not curved, creating sharp geometric points. Then I applied two linear patterns, which makes the two parts contrast with one another.

EXPERIMENTATION WITH DISTORTION

With this design I distorted a shape and then replicated it for it to become a pattern. This has created a dynamic building.

I made this quick design to see how distorting a shape can make it structurally interesting, as I have changed a basic irregular pentagon into a dynamic building

SECONDARY RESEARCH

Art centre

Turner Contemporary The Turner Contemporary, located in Margate, is an art gallery designed by David Chipperfield. When designing this building he wanted the building to onlook the sea and take in a lot of natural sunlight to illuminate the exhibition rooms.

SECONDARY RESEARCH

Art centre

Turner Contemporary – Light study

Direction of light

Libraries

https://www.dezeen.co m/2017/01/18/omabarcode-architectsbibliotheque-alexis-detocqueville-crossshaped-librarynormandy/

Libraries The Media-Third-Place library in Thionville, France has undulating walls alike an unfurling ribbon. It has a variety of areas such as childrens education rooms, documentation area, video games section and broadcasting studio.

The exterior is like an 'unfurling ribbon'

MODEL 1

Creating ideas I made this model with paper, and this is the end result of following origami instructions. With this I then simplified it by making it solely geometric with no curves. This makes the model easier to visually consume, as I had attempted to draw the smooth curved exterior. By using CAD I was able to produce more ideas to how the structure could be used.

Front

MODEL 1

Developing ideas I decided to create a series of patterns with this structure to create a new outcome alike the Turner Contemporary

MODEL 1 – Designing green spaces

Developing ideas

I chose this idea as the surface area on top of the shapes allows me to make more outdoor social spaces

PRIMARY RESEARCH

Theme

To further my exploration of potential designs I extended a section of the design and I found that it could be used to generate building ideas.

Colours in primary research photo:

Inspired by the placement of the petals within the flower, this space arrangement design could be used for designing the studios or the learning spaces. This arrangement would house 9 spaces and the middle area could house a sculpture which would be viewable from the three spaces surrounding it.

FINDING AREAS OF IMPROVEMENT I made this collage with making the surrounding area a green area as well as Beckton is also a heavily industrial area, which affects the pollution in the area.

Developing ideas

MODEL 1

PRIMARY RESEARCH

Art centre Hauser and Wirth

This arts centre located in Bruton is a contemporary commercial gallery. It has a restaurant, an education room, multiple exhibition rooms and a large scenic garden which houses a pavilion.

The buildings are all renovated farm type buildings. The large modern windows, featured in picture 1, contrasts with the farmhouse’s brick exterior. The other buildings also features windows like these which carries on the theme of contrast.

The walls in the exhibit (image 2 & 4) are fake walls. This allows the art centre to change the look of their exhibits, further engaging visitors with the art. I can consider adding changeable elements of the building to suit multiple purposes.

When designing the gallery space, I also need to consider the height of the ceiling as the lower the ceiling, the less sculptures the gallery can showcase. The spider sculpture in this exhibition was approximately 2 ½ meters high.

SECONDARY RESEARCH PHOTOS

Hauser and Wirth allows artists to also use the exterior of the buildings to showcase their artwork. Within my design I need to consider using all features of the building and cater it to the artist’s advantage.

Exhibition rooms

Spaces within galleries, centres and museums Typically exhibition spaces lack colour and shape, as they are typically boxy rooms with fluorescent lighting. Some exhibition spaces do not fit in to the conventions of a typical exhibition room, however they do not fully distract visitors from looking and the main subject, the art. Some exhibition rooms have the structure of the building exposed

Room 1

Exhibition room 1 has skylights which takes advantage of sunlight during the day and fluorescent spotlights for when there is a lack of sunlight. Exhibition room 2 has an ornate ceiling which makes the room seem more elegant, which can suggest that the art can be elegant itself.

Room 3 also has an ornate ceiling and quite a dark wood flooring which also compliments the old art.

Room 2

Room 3

Exhibition rooms The tapestry museum in Portugal is very minimalistic, by using a limited amount of shapes and the use of two materials.

With this drawing I decided to see what it would look like showcasing art. This inspires me to make higher ceilings for the gallery spaces to allow more art to be shown without it having to be cluttered.

PRIMARY RESEARCH

Art centre

Designing gallery spaces The first floor plan I made I considered the angular sides of the building and how it would affect the usage of the space.

The third design (on the right) is inspired by the tapestry museum, as I have created a main corridor to connect all the gallery spaces.

PRIMARY RESEARCH

Theme

Shapes in primary research:

Colours in primary research photo:

First, I analysed lines within the petals, the shapes and the structure of the plant. By dividing it into three sections I can individually use these elements to make a design for the building, interior space or other design elements.

Then I turned the petals of the leaves into geometric shapes and staggered them. By doing this I have thought about using this design to make stairs for the building if they are necessary.

To further my exploration of potential designs I extended a section of the design and I found that it could be used to generate building ideas.

I made this quick Sketchup model to see how these shapes could be formed into a building, which I then developed by adding trees to give a general feel of its size.

CREATING STRUCTURES WITH SHAPES FROM PRIMARY RESEARCH After converting these smooth-like shapes into geometric shapes I chose one to further develop it by distorting it, which as created an interesting and dynamic sculpture. If I am to further develop this and design a floor plan I’d have to consider the placement of certain functions as slanted walls may not be desired in some spaces

F R O N T

R I G H T L E F T

B A C K

I decided to create a shell-like structure to possibly house a building with the same shape as the structure itself, to make it more visually interesting and dynamic.

FINDING AREAS OF IMPROVEMENT I made this collage with the surrounding area in mind. In Beckton there is a nearby airport and several skyscrapers and tall residential flats on the opposing side of the Thames river.

PRIMARY RESEARCH

Art centre Hauser and Wirth

This arts centre located in Bruton has a pavilion from the Serpentine 2014, which is in the gardens located at the back of the building. This pavilion is located quite far away from the main buildings, meaning it can be appreciated without other distractions The garden has a pathway which leads people directly to the pavilion and has a variety of plants growing there. I should apply this to my own design and be aware of how the gardens would work with the building and how people would be directed towards it via the use of pathways.

PRIMARY RESEARCH

Art centre Designing pathways

This is the pathway to the pavilion at Hauser & Wirth, it looms around the back of the pavilion, and it isn't linear

INSPIRED BY PRIMARY RESEARCH

Creating ideas MODEL 3

I decided to use the shapes inspired by my primary research photo and made them into building blocks so I could arrange them to get further ideas.

By doing this, it allows me to generate a series of ideas that’ll have different looking results.

With my initial ideas I have chosen to think about how the spaces would be divided and used. The building in this case would be split into three segments: Gallery Space, Studio/Learning space and residential space.

MODELS – FURTHER DEVELOPMENT

Theme

OPTION 1: With the original shapes in the model, I duplicated it to create a pattern. The gaps between the levels would allow me to place columns between the buildings and also allow me to design outdoor spaces on the building

OPTION 2: Inspired by the pattern in the Turner contemporary building, I used one shape used in my model and arranged it similar to the building, however instead of repeating the pattern horizontally, I rearranged it vertically. The repeated use of this shape makes the building look interesting at the front as it has a jagged exterior. I could also use this design to create a textured exterior of the building with bricks shaped similar to this design.

SECONDARY RESEARCH

Architect Oscar Niemeyer

Oscar Niemeyer was a Brazilian architect who designed many famous buildings, especially in Brazil. He designed many buildings that were specialised and made for large amounts of people to come in. His designs are very modern, with most of his building following the same white exterior aesthetic with colourful contrasts alike his International Cultural centre.

I would like to use elements of his architectural designs in my design process as his buildings are both aesthetically pleasing and contrasts buildings in their surroundings. In most of his buildings the main feature is the entrance. The entrance would either stand out by colour or structure.

DEVELOPING DESIGN IDEAS

Architect Oscar Niemeyer

With this structure I added blocks of colour to it which brings more attention visually to the building. Adding stairs to this structure makes it easier to see it as a building and the scale of it. The unconventional placement of the stairs makes this building more interesting, however the scale of the building may not be suitable for my design. This building also looks quite static.

NOTES TO MAKE BUILDING MORE VISUALLY APPEALING I made a 3D rendering of this building to see what it would currently look like as a building and to find out points on how to improve it. With this structure I should distort it to make it look more dynamic and reconsider moving the entrance, as it isn't wheelchair friendly. I should also make a decorative faรงade.

MODELS

Theme

MODELS

Theme

While experimenting with Sketchup, I came across this design idea. Even though this is not an enclosed structure yet, it gives me an idea to what I could possibly put inside of it.

Theme Models

I made this model out of a thick wire to create this skeleton like pavilion. To develop this I would need to make it an enclosed space.

This model was inspired by my origami model, and the shape of the flower. I then made it into a domed shape to make it into an enclosed space, rather than a pavilion.

DEVELOPING IDEAS I attempted to replicate the same design into Sketchup, however I decided to alter the height of the 'petals' to make the building seem more geometric.

I removed a segment of the building to then create a large and dramatic entrance which would be both welcoming and spacious.

MODELS

Design & Development

I first perceived this model as a building, with three levels. I further changed it by changing some straight lines into curves. The gaps in the model would be turned into windows. To make this design more functional I would have to consider adding windows onto the side of the building to give more access to natural light

With this design, I first changed the sharp triangular shapes at the bottom of the model in to curved windows. Then made linear patterns with the windows and the exterior of the building in opposing directions to create contrast in patterns. To further develop this I explored the variety of ways I could allocate functions to the different parts of the building with some limitations. An example of one of these limitations is that the accommodation cannot be on the ground floor or next to a gallery or restaurant. This help me produce some ideas to how the interior of the building would be designed around,

PRIMARY RESEARCH

Exhibition rooms Spaces within galleries, centres and museums

SECONDARY RESEARCH

Living space

SECONDARY RESEARCH

Living space

This apartment complex is small in size but feels very spacious. When designing the residential space for artists I need to ensure that space is used very well, and consider making the space open plan, rather than dividing the apartments with more walls.

Despite this apartment being too large, the arrangement is very unconventional as the bathroom can be accessed from two sides.

I should keep in mind that an unconventional approach may utilise space more than a conventional approach.

DESIGN IDEA 1

Residential space BEDROOM To prevent people feeling ‘cooped up’ in a small space, the bedroom has been made open plan to make the area feel spacious

KITCHEN This kitchen possesses all the basics needed and provides sufficient cooking space

After looking into the design of small flats/apartments, I made this design, with size and function in mind.

As disabled access is a part of the specification, making this flat open plan makes it easier for wheelchair access.

BATHROOM It possesses all facilities needed.

SMALL WORKSPACE

END OF THE HALLWAY

DESIGN IDEA 2

Residential space Unlike the first design idea I decided to present this is a perspective format, instead of a parallel projection.

This enables me to see it in a different perspective and also see how the space would look in a more realistic manner.

BATHROOM BEDROOM

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ENTRANCE KITCHEN & LIVING ROOM This kitchen possesses all the basics needed and provides sufficient cooking space

SECONDARY RESEARCH

Art centre

Salisbury Centre for visual arts This arts centre located in Salisbury, Norwich is designed by Normal Foster. Norman Foster, who’s work is mainly modernist, made the structure of the building clear from the exterior, making the building more visually interesting As there is a lack of aesthetically pleasing landscapes in Beckton, I may need to consider making the interior more attractive to make the building more interesting. Instead of the people looking out the building they would be looking inward, which would make them interact with the space more.

NEOCLASSIST & ROMANTICIST ELEMENTS IN ARCHITECTURE

Theme

In addition to the theme of contrast, I’ve decided to also feature the contrast of modern and old on and within the building. I have researched different ornamental aspects of Neoclassical and Romanticist elements of architecture, especially different types of Greek columns and different types of pediments, which would typically rest on columns.

I’ll consider using these elements when developing one of my ideas

APPLYING NEOCLASSIST & ROMANTICIST TO DESIGN IDEAS

With my research I shall take shapes from it and create more simplistic shapes by it.

MERGING IDEAS For my final design idea I plan to use the hexagonal shapes from my first design idea and the exterior faรงade idea from my third design idea.