Tennessee Turfgrass - October / November 2011

october/november 2011

The Official Publication of the Tennessee Turfgrass Association, the Tennessee Valley Sports Turf Managers Association and the Tennessee Golf Course Superintendents Association

Brush Control

in Urban Landscapes Maximizing

Herbicide Effectiveness

Plus, Preview of the

46th Annual TTA Conference & Tradeshow‌

Educational Program & Registration Forms Inside!

The Official Publication of the Tennessee Turfgrass Association, Tennessee Valley Sports Turf Managers Association and the Tennessee Golf Course Superintendents Association

TABLE OF CONTENTS

12

october/november 2011

FEATURED ARTICLES

12

Upcoming Event — 46th Annual TTA Conference & Tradeshow, Educational Program and Registration Forms

18 24 28

Cover Story — Brush Control in Urban Landscapes Turf Talk — Maximizing Herbicide Effectiveness

18

Recent Event — UT Turfgrass Field Day, September 15, 2011

DEPARTMENTS From the TTA President, Jay Willis

6

From the TVSTMA President, Larry Berry, CSFM

8

From the ETGCSA President, Jeff Rumph, CGCS 10 Calendar of Events

30

Index of Advertisers

30

24

FROM THE TTA PRESIDENT Jay Willis

Make Plans Now to

Be Here!

I’m

fresh off the trip to Knoxville for The University of Tennessee Turfgrass Field Day. What a great venue and opportunity it was, having so many people in one area to network with and to be able to talk with our local research professors about applications we will be making on our turfgrass in the future. The weather did play around a little, but it was a nice, cool day at UT’s Ag Research and Education Center by the river.

If you didn’t make it this year, I strongly encourage you to attend in the future. Each year, it seems to grow more and more in popularity.

By now, you should have received your 46th Annual Tennessee Turfgrass Association Conference & Trade Show program and registration form in the mail. If you have not, please feel free to email Jim Uden or me, and we will promptly make sure that you get your information.

As you can see in the Educational Program on pages 12–17 of this issue of Tennessee Turfgrass, Dr. Jim Brosnan and the TTA Educational Committee have orchestrated an awesome conference again for us. One thing that sticks out to me is the inclusion of several panel discussions in the program. While, on the surface, the panels don’t seem like big-time sessions, these always bring large crowds and endless conversation — it seems like we always run out of time. That shows you right there the power of networking and how we get some of the best education from our peers and just talking about turfgrass management.

Our annual Conference and Trade Show will be held January 9th, 10th and 11th, 2012. Mark the dates now, so that you can plan to attend this year. I know it will be a great time for education, networking and seeing old friends.

Hope to see you all soon!

Jay Willis 2010–2011 TTA President

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TENNESSEE TURFGRASS october/november 2011 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

The Official Publication of the Tennessee Turfgrass Association, the Tennessee Valley Sports Turf Managers Association and the Tennessee Golf Course Superintendents Association

Tennessee Turfgrass is the official publication of The Tennessee Turfgrass Association 400 Franklin Road Franklin, Tennessee 37069 (615) 591-8286 tnturfgrassassn@aol.com www.ttaonline.org Published by Leading Edge Communications, LLC 206 Bridge Street Franklin, Tennessee 37064 (615) 790-3718 Fax (615) 794-4524 Email:info@leadingedge communications.com Editor Mr. Bill Marbet TTA OFFICERS President Jay Willis Glen Eagle Golf Course (901) 508-1986 Vice President Bob McCurdy McCurdy Farms (731) 692-3515 Secretary/Treasurer Paul Carter Bear Trace at Harrison Bay (423) 344-6374 Past President Bob Hogan The Hogan Company (888) 224-6426 Executive Secretary Mr. Jim Uden (615) 591-8286 TTA 2011 BOARD OF DIRECTORS Mr. Bob Elliott Mr. Thomas Garner Mr. Cal Hill Mr. Joe Hill Mr. Theo Lankford Mr. Bill Marbet Mr. Scott McNeer Mr. Tommy Mittlesteadt Mr. Mitch Parker Mr. Chris Simon Mr. Doug Ward Mr. Sean VanHoose TTA ADVISORY MEMBERS OF THE BOARD Mr. Bill Blackburn Mr. Lynn Ray Mr. Jeff Rumph Dr. Tom Samples Dr. Dennis Shepard Dr. John Sorochan

From the T VSTM A

A Bit of

Helpful Advice

“You

should see my front yard. It is plush and green and looks like a putting green at Augusta. I use fertilizer, and I water it daily and hit it with the mower at just the right time. You should try that fertilizer I use at my house for your fields — I think it would help them out.”

How many times have you heard something similar thrown at you in the middle of a season!?

Managing turfgrass can be a challenge, and everybody is an agronomist who gives you an opinion on how to do it — especially when the fields don’t look perfect because they are under stress from use, weather or other factors. The general implication we often receive is that field care is not rocket science; just about anyone can take care of grass. There may be some truth to that statement, but not everyone deals with the same stresses that are presented on sports fields. Excessive traffic, lack of player rotation, extreme heat, droughts, excessive rains and equipment failures all combined together can create havoc on field conditions. This is where being a “manager” of turfgrass and playing fields comes into play.

A manager is basically someone who organizes, directs and controls. In order to do this, you need to (1) fully understand your job and tasks, (2) educate yourself in what you are managing and (3) develop plans to ensure success. In our specific case mentioned above — when the fields are put under the stresses we regularly face during the season — we need to plan properly, adapt on the fly and adjust as needed to keep the playing surfaces safe and, then, as aesthetically pleasing as possible.

If you look at the most successful folks in our industry, you will find that they do a lot of planning, are very proactive and keep detailed logs of weather conditions, field use and field conditions, along with other care schedules. This invaluable information helps them predict the best route for care and the needed resources for that care, along with developing longrange plans and budgets. Mimic those who are successful, and you will find that you yourself will improve.

And just remember — move the football team onto that front yard for a practice or two, and see how it winds up looking, and how well that know-it-all can manage the stress to his or her little putting green.

Larry Berry, CSFM 2011 TVSTMA President

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TENNESSEE TURFGRASS october/november 2011 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

Larry Berry, CSFM

From the ETGCSA Jeff Rumph, CGCS

An Eventful Year for the ETGCSA

At

last, fall is upon us, and of course, that means “Football Time in Tennessee.” It also is time to reflect back on the busy growing season.

It was another hot summer. Some statistics indicate that it was worse than 2010. In my case, June 2011 was not as bad as June 2010. However, July 2011 was equally as hot as July 2010 and had too much rain (6.25" recorded at my golf course), and August 2011 was much hotter than August 2010, but with much less rain. The official rainfall total for August in Chattanooga was less than 0.1". Is it possible that Al Gore is right about global warming or climate change or whatever they want to call it this year? Nah, not according to our speaker at ETGCSA’s April meeting.

The first meeting for ETGCSA was on April 25 at Black Creek Club in Chattanooga. Scott Wicker was our host, and James Spann, meteorologist from ABC3340.com, was the speaker. Mr. Spann predicts that we will see a cooling trend over the next ten to fifteen years.

Those of you switching to ultradwarfs better wrap yourselves and your greens in blankets!

May 26 at Clinchview Golf Course in Bean Station was the second meeting.

Kelly Keck was our host superintendent, and Dr. John Sorochan from The University of Tennessee was our speaker, with the topic of “Lightweight Rolling vs. Mowing.”

The June 20 meeting was held at Link Hills Country Club in Greenville.

10

Marshall Brown was our host, and Harry Knight of Applied Biochemists spoke about “Aquatic Weed Control.” Severe thunderstorms in the area threatened the event, but those who came were still able to get in 18 holes.

July 19 was the date for the ETGCSA meeting at Lambert Acres Golf Course in Maryville, hosted by J.D. Murr. At a previous meeting there earlier in the year, we looked at some promising UT research on poa control in bentgrass greens. The compound methiozolin (trade name Poabaksa) looks very good for removing poa from bentgrass greens, with no adverse effects. Although it is not available in the U.S. yet (only in South Korea), hopefully it will be available here in 2013. The July meeting at Lambert Acres featured Mike Hills from Seed Research as our speaker. We heard about and viewed seeded varieties for natural areas on the golf course.

Signal Mountain Golf and Country Club was the site for the August 16 meeting. Our host, Chris Simon, brought in some fall air (low 60s a.m., low 80s p.m.) to the mid-August date, and it was a pleasant break from what was otherwise an oven of a month. Our speaker was none other than David (aka “Dr.”) Stone from The Honors Course. David’s topic was “Bentgrass Stress Management,” and he spoke mainly about the difficult 2010 summer. I have to say that I felt good about his conclusion about bentgrass greens in 2010, which was that no agronomic inputs could have helped

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS october/november 2011 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

bentgrass survive any better during a summer as severe as 2010. For me, that translated to: If your greens survived 2010, you did great, you were lucky or both.

David’s other conclusion cemented my thoughts about issues with my greens — without proper air circulation, it will be difficult to keep bentgrass greens healthy during any prolonged heat stress.

Translation: Cut the trees, and install more fans.

On September 20, ETGCSA conducted a “Support Tommy Tourney” at host Paul Hood’s Willow Creek Golf Club to help our friend and long-time member Tommy Mittlesteadt. This summer, Tommy lost his job and had a heart attack, all in one week. It was a scary time for his family, especially considering that his wife had just delivered baby Emma into this world a few months prior. Members of ETGCSA held this fundraising tournament to help Tommy with his medical bills.

The last ETGCSA outing for the year will be our 21st Annual Scholarship and Research Golf Tournament on October 18. This year, it will be hosted by Jason Sanderson at Cherokee Country Club in Knoxville. We hope to have a good field of golfers and raise thousands of dollars for scholarships and turf research.

I hope you’ve had a healthy and happy 2011, and I look forward to seeing you at the TTA Conference in January.

Jeff Rumph, CGCS 2011 ETGCSA President

A Growing Tradition in Tennessee’s Green Industry

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TENNESSEE TURFGRASS october/november 2011 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

CONFERENCE PROGRAM MONDAY AFTERNOON, JANUARY 9

General Session

GCSAA – 0.20 pts., Pesticide – 2 pts.

Moderator: Dr. Jim Bryson, The University of Tennessee 1 p.m. – 1:10 p.m.

Welcome to the 46th Annual Tennessee Turfgrass Conference Dr. John Sorochan, The University of Tennessee 1:10 p.m. – 1:30 p.m.

New Innovations in Turfgrass Education Dr. Brandon Horvath, The University of Tennessee

1:30 p.m. – 2:30 p.m.

The Reality of Organic Turf Management Dr. John Stier, The University of Tennessee 2:30 p.m. – 3:30 p.m.

Building a “Green” Maintenance Facility Mr. Matt Shaffer, Merion Golf Club

3:30 p.m.

TTA Business Meeting and Awards Reception

TUESDAY, JANUARY 10 8:30 a.m.

Continental Breakfast

Afternoon Classes Pesticide – 1 pt.

Concurrent Session #1

1:15 p.m. – 2:15 p.m.

New Strategies for Managing Turfgrass Pests Dr. Rick Brandenburg, North Carolina State Univ.

Dr. Jim Brosnan, The University of Tennessee Dr. Brandon Horvath, The University of Tennessee

Morning Classes GCSAA – 0.40 pts., Pesticide – 2 pts.

9:00 a.m. – 9:30 a.m.

Athletic-Field Painting and Field Setup Mr. Darren Seybold, The University of Tennessee 9:30 a.m. – 10:00 a.m.

Preparing for the Open Championship Dr. Micah Woods, Asian Turfgrass Center 10:00 a.m. – 10:30 a.m.

Chemical Fertilizer Programs for Sand-Based Rootzones Dr. Micah Woods, Asian Turfgrass Center 10:30 a.m. – 10:45 a.m.

Break 10:45 a.m. – 11:45 a.m.

Golf Course Turf — Panel Discussion Mr. Rod Lingle, CGCS, Greens Perfection Mr. Matt Shaffer, Merion Golf Club Mr. Chris Hartwiger, USGA Green Section Dr. Micah Woods, Asian Turfgrass Center Moderators: Dr. John Sorochan, The University of Tennessee Dr. Brandon Horvath, The University of Tennessee Mr. Al Davis, CGCS, Ridgeway Country Club Mr. Jeff Rumph, CGCS, Gatlinburg Golf Course

2:15 p.m. – 2:30 p.m.

Break 2:30 p.m. – 3:00 p.m.

Golf Course Management in Asia Dr. Micah Woods, Asian Turfgrass Center

Concurrent Session #2

Morning Classes GCSAA – 0.40 pts., Pesticide – 2 pts.

9:00 a.m. – 9:30 a.m.

2011 Year in Review Mr. Chris Hartwiger, USGA Green Section Record 9:30 a.m. – 10:00 a.m.

The Transition Zone’s Top Insect Pests Dr. Rick Brandenburg, North Carolina State Univ.

10:00 a.m. – 10:30 a.m.

Nutrient-Management Legislation — Be Proactive Dr. John Stier, The University of Tennessee 10:30 a.m. – 10:45 a.m.

Break

11:45 a.m. – 1:00 p.m.

LUNCH (on your own)

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION • TENNESSEE VALLEY SPORTS TURF MANAGERS ASSOCIATION • Tennessee Golf Course Superintendents Association

13

CONFERENCE PROGRAM TUESDAY, JANUARY 10 (continued) 10:45 a.m. – 11:45 a.m.

Sports Turf — Panel Discussion Dr. Jim Brosnan, The University of Tennessee Mr. Theo Lankford, Clarkland Sports Fields Mr. Darren Seybold, The University of Tennessee Mr. Adam Thoms, The University of Tennessee Moderators: Dr. Tom Samples, The University of Tennessee Mr. Billy Clark, Clarkland Sports Fields Mr. Bo Henley Mr. Stuart Morris, Tennessee Smokies Baseball

1:45 p.m. – 2:15 p.m.

Are You Getting the Most from Your Granular Fertilizer and Fertilizer/ Pesticide Combination Products?

Dr. Tom Samples, The University of Tennessee 2:15 p.m. – 2:30 p.m.

Break 2:30 p.m. – 3:00 p.m.

Weed-Management Options for Tennessee Turf Mr. Greg Breeden, The University of Tennessee

11:45 a.m. – 1:00 p.m.

LUNCH (on your own)

3:00 p.m. – 4:00 p.m.

Irrigation Association Meeting (Franklin, TN)

Concurrent Session #2

3:30 p.m. – 4:00 p.m.

TGCSA Annual Meeting

Afternoon Classes Pesticide – 1 pt.

1:00 p.m. – 1:45 p.m.

Transitioning to Ultradwarf Bermudagrass — The Pros and Cons Mr. Joe Kennedy, The Legends Club

4:00 p.m. – 6:00 p.m.

TRADE SHOW

(with refreshments) Please support our vendors!

WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 11

Concurrent Session #2 8:30 a.m. – 11:30 a.m.

GCSAA – 0.15 pts., Pesticide – 1 pt.

(with breakfast) Please support our vendors!

11:30 a.m. – 12:00 p.m.

Selecting Turfgrass Varieties to Minimize Pesticide Use Mr. Johnny Parham, The University of Tennessee

Concurrent Session #1

GCSAA – 0.15 pts., Pesticide – 1 pt.

12:00 p.m. – 12:30 p.m.

Plant Physiological Effects of DMI Fungicides: Do They Improve Plant Health?

Mr. David Shell, The University of Tennessee

11:30 a.m. – 12:00 p.m.

Univ. of Tennessee Summer Internship Feature Ms. Molly Heath, The University of Tennessee Mr. Aaron Noble, The University of Tennessee

12:30 p.m. – 1:00 p.m.

Performance of Strobilurin Fungicides for Turfgrass Health Mr. Jesse Benelli, The University of Tennessee

TRADE SHOW

12:00 p.m. – 12:30 p.m.

New Strategies for Annual Bluegrass Control Mr. Matt Elmore, The University of Tennessee 12:30 p.m. – 1:00 p.m.

Equipment Maintenance to Prevent Turfgrass Pest Invasion Mr. Lucas Freshour, The University of Tennessee 14

1:00 p.m.

CONFERENCE ADJOURNS Please have a safe trip home.

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS october/november 2011 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

46th Annual

Tennessee Turfgrass Association Conference

and

trade shoW

Please complete, sign and return this form with your payment.

company name:

Please list the first and last names of the persons attending the 2012 Conference & Trade Show. Attach separate list if needed.

1)

address:

2) city/state/zip:

3)

telephone:

4)

fax:

5) 6)

email:

7)

PRIMARY FUNCTION TURF MANAGER q Golf Course q Parks & Recreation q Sports Field q Hotel/Resort

q q q q q

COMMERCIAL

ospital/Health Care H School/University Cemetery Sod Producer Other________________

qC ommercial Lawn Care q Retail Center q Landscaping

VENDOR

q Irrigation Contractor q DOT q Other________________

q Equipment Dealer q Distributor q Manufacturer q Other_________________

PLEASE CHECK THE BOX FOR ADDITIONAL ASSOCIATION AFFILIATIONS: q PGMS q TNLA q TVSTMA q TGCSA q Other ________________________________

Registration options 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

Primary Member Registration.................... $185.00

TOTAL $

Price includes 2012 Membership Dues

Returning Member Registration................... $130.00 $

For members who haven’t attended the Conference in the past three years. Fee includes free 2012 TTA membership.

Associate Member Registration.................... $125.00 Registrants from the same facility are eligible for Associate Membership if the facility has two primary members.

$

Student Member Registration...................... $60.00

$

One-Day Pass (Limit 1).................................. $80.00

$

One-Day Student Pass (Limit 1)................... $10.00

$

First-Time Attendee One-Day Pass................ FREE

$

Endowment Fund Contribution q Research q Scholarship

$

q Extension

Please make checks payable to :

GRAND TOTAL

Tennessee Turfgrass Association 400 Franklin Road • Franklin, TN 37069 (No Credit Cards)

TTA Office Use Only

Date______________

Check No. ______________

Cash ______________

$

Registration Form

Please list all information as you would like it to appear in the 2012 TTA Annual Directory.

RULES & REGULATIONS Opening and Closing: The exhibit officially opens at 4:00 p.m., Tuesday, January 10, 2012, and will close at 11:30 a.m., Wednesday, January 11, 2012.

Exhibit Set-up and Breakdown: General booth setup will be from 10:00 a.m., Tuesday, January 10, 2012, until 2:30 p.m. All exhibits must breakdown 12:00 p.m.–2:00 p.m., Wednesday, January 11, 2012.

Booths: There will be sixty five (65) 10’ x 8’ booths available. Each will be piped and draped. Each will have a 6’ skirted table, 2 chairs, wastebasket and one I.D. sign.

Contract for Space: The application for space and the formal notice of assignment constitutes a contract for the right to use the space so allotted. In the event of fire, strikes, or other uncontrollable circumstances, the contract will not be binding. The Tennessee Turfgrass Association reserves the right to cancel any contract with any exhibitor any time prior to or during the conference.

Use of Space: All demonstrations, interviews, distributions of advertising material or other activities must be confined to the limits of the exhibit booths. No exhibitor shall assign, sublet or share the whole or part of the space allotted without the knowledge and approval of the Tennessee Turfgrass Association.

Insurance and Fire Protection: The Tennessee Turfgrass Association will exercise all reasonable care for the protection of exhibitor’s material and displays. An official of the trade show committee will be on duty in the exhibit area during set-up and breakdown periods. The exhibit area will be secured during non-exhibit hours.

Liability: The exhibitor agrees to make no claim against the Tennessee Turfgrass Association nor its members or employees for loss, theft, damage or destruction of goods, nor any injury to himself/herself, or employees prior, during or subsequent to the period covered by the exhibit contract, nor for any damage whatsoever, including the damage to his business by reason of failure to provide space for the exhibit, nor for failure to hold the Conference as scheduled.

The exhibitor, upon signing the contract for exhibit space, expressly releases the foregoing named conference and individuals from any and all claims for such loss, damage or injury.

Cancellation: In the event an exhibitor must cancel, and cannot exhibit, the following will apply.

A. I f the reserved booth or island can be contracted, a 100% refund will be granted.

B. If the reserved booth or island can not be contracted, a 50% refund will be granted.

floor plan

Please indicate preferences on Exhibit Space contract

16

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS october/november 2011 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

Tennessee Turfgrass Association Conference

and

trade shoW

Please complete, sign and return this form with your payment.

BOOTHS

SIZE

UNIT PRICE

BOOTHS 100 – 823 (Max limit of 4)

80 SQ. FT.

$510

ADDITIONAL MEMBERSHIP TO TTA: 1 included with 10’ x 8’ booth rental.

$50

QUANTITY

TOTAL

TOTAL Please make checks payable to :

Tennessee Turfgrass Association 400 Franklin Road • Franklin, TN 37069 (No Credit Cards)

FIRST CHOICE

SECOND CHOICE

THIRD CHOICE

BOOTH PREFERENCE All reservations are made on a first-paid, first-reserved basis only. Please note the cancellation policy as outlined in the section of the brochure entitled “Rules & Regulations.” If electricity is required, please contact Jim Uden at (615) 591-8286 for Marriott form and further information. Purchased luncheon tickets will be included in vendor packet upon registration and setup.

Please print or type the following:

Name:________________________________________________ MEMBER Name:_____________________________________

(Person responsible for the booth)

(To be included in Directory)

Signature:_______________________________________________________________________________________________ Firm:______________________________________________________________________________________________________

(As your ID sign should read)

Mailing Address:________________________________________________________________________________________ City:___________________________________________________ State:___________ Zip:___________________________ Telephone:____________________________________________ Fax:_____________________________________________ EMAIL:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________ **ADDITIONAL NAMES FOR BADGES:_______________________________________________________________________

(**If more space is needed, please attach a complete list)

**ADDITIONAL MEMBERSHIPS:_____________________________________________________________________________ (**If more space is needed, please attach a complete list)

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PRODUCTS/SERVICES YOU SELL OR PROVIDE:__________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

CONTRACT FOR EXHIBIT SPACE

46th Annual

Weed W at ch

Brush

Control in Urban Landscapes

Greg Breeden, Extension Assistant; Greg Armel, Assistant Professor; and James T. Brosnan, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee

B

rush is defined as woody shrubs, vines or trees that are undesirable in a specific location. Controlling brush species can be a daunting task for most landscape managers because removal and disposal of unwanted brush species can be difficult, costly and very time consuming. If proper steps are not taken in the appropriate order, you may spend more time and money to remove the woody brush species than necessary.

So, what to do with woody brush?

Removal by hand is time consuming and labor intensive. Unfortunately, many species will simply re-grow to their original size a few years after hand removal.

Broadcast applications of herbicides over the top of woody vegetation offer another potential control strategy; however, this type of application leaves behind woody stems that require hand removal. In addition, control with broadcast-herbicide applications is often erratic due to the fact that adequate herbicide 18

coverage is often difficult to achieve.

Additionally, brush species are often found in areas where mowing or spraying equipment cannot be used due to excessive slopes or perpetually wet soils that cannot be traversed. Other options for control of brush are cut-stump, basalbark and foliar spray-to-wet applications, which will be discussed in further detail below.

Effective control of woody vegetation requires strategic planning. Following the outline below will save time and money

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS october/november 2011 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

and will prevent problems associated with controlling brush species.

1. Identify the brush species requiring control.

It is impossible to know how to control a weed without first properly identifying it. Some brush species are harder to control than others. Mimosa (Albizia julibrissin) and Chinese privet (Ligustrum japonicum), for instance, are two species that are particularly difficult to eradicate because they often re-sprout after mechanical removal.

Additionally, some unwanted brush species cause allergic reactions. For example, poison ivy (Toxicodendron radicans) and giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum) can cause dermatitis in susceptible individuals. Upon contact-

ing these species, susceptible individuals may develop a severe rash. Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) and Chinaberry (Melia azedarach) produce toxins that may be harmful to humans or other animals if ingested.

Therefore, controlling these species may help alleviate potential health hazards.

Visit www.tennesseeturfgrassweeds. org and hortweeds.tennessee.edu for help identifying troublesome brush species in your landscape.

2. Survey the plant diversity in areas requiring control.

First, how large are the species that you want removed (height, diameter of trunk, amount of foliage, etc.)? Plant size often dictates which application technique is required to achieve adequate control. If

the plants are too large and adequate spray coverage cannot be achieved, sprayto-wet applications will not provide effective control. In these situations, a basalbark or cut-stump treatment would be the preferred method. If a species has a trunk diameter larger than 6", then the cut-stump method would provide better control.

Next, determine which species are present and how much area the plants cover. The effectiveness of control strategies often varies by species.

You may want to concentrate on the species that are the most difficult to control or the problem species that occupy the most area. Many species will require a second herbicide application to control foliage that recovers after initial treatment. If two herbicide applications will be required, use the first

application to control the most problematic species, and focus on those that are less problematic with the second application.

Finally, can the target species be mowed, clipped or cut down with a chain saw or other mechanical-removal equipment? The type of equipment needed to remove an unwanted species can dictate which method of treatment can be utilized. If a chainsaw is needed for removal, then a basal-bark treatment can be used for control, as long as there is an adequate amount of time between treatment and brush removal for the herbicide to translocate throughout the plant. If time is an issue and the brush needs to be removed immediately, the cut-stump method would be preferred.

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION • TENNESSEE VALLEY SPORTS TURF MANAGERS ASSOCIATION • Tennessee Golf Course Superintendents Association

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Weed W at ch 3. Select the correct herbicideapplication method.

Photo 1

Selecting an appropriate method of herbicide application is arguably the most important decision in controlling woody brush species. In most situations, the preferred method of herbicide application is to treat individual plants instead of broadcasting a treatment entirely over an area.

One reason for this is due to the inability to get adequate coverage on all foliage with broadcast-spray applications. Individual plant treatments also reduce the possibility of off-target herbicide movement and damage to nearby nontarget species.

When selecting the proper application method, it is important to determine which equipment is needed to uniformly apply the herbicide across the site. Almost any of the hand-held or backpack sprayers with low-pressure wands can be used to make herbicide applications for woody brush control. The sprayer selected should be chemical resistant and suitable for use with basal oils, which are designed specifically for basalbark and cut-stump treatments.

The following techniques can be used to apply herbicides for woody brush control.

Cut-stump application

Photo 2

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TENNESSEE TURFGRASS october/november 2011 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

This removal method can be done at any time of the year as long as conditions allow for proper application; however, cut-stump herbicide applications are often used during late fall and early winter. This method of application involves physically removing (cutting out) the plant, followed by treating the stump with a herbicide to prevent re-growth. The herbicide mixture must be applied immediately after plants are physically cut.

To treat, spray the mixture on the cut surface of the stump. Do not apply to the point of runoff. The goal of this application is to apply herbicide to the cambium layer of the stump, as it is the only portion of the stump where herbicides are translocated (see Photo 1). The vascular cambium is roughly located along the outer 1/8" to 1" of the trunk. The stump must be treated within one hour of being cut.

CONTINUED Cut-stump treatments allow for herbicide applications that are low in both pressure and spray volume. Basal oil is mixed with the herbicides applied to cut stumps to aid in herbicide penetration of the chemical into the wood.

Basal-bark application Basal-bark treatments require that vegetation is not removed until adequate time has been given for the herbicide to translocate throughout the plant. Plants must be less than 6" in diameter to achieve adequate control with basal-bark applications. For plants larger than 6" in diameter, cut-stump treatments would be more effective.

To treat, apply enough spray solution to the bottom 15" to 20" inches of the trunk (Photos 2 and 3). Do not apply to the point of runoff.

Similar to cut-stump treatments, basal-bark treatments allow for herbicide applications that are low in both pressure and spray volume, and they use basal oil as a carrier to aid in penetration into the target plant.

Photo 3

Spray-to-wet These applications must be made when the target plants are green and actively growing, making spray-to-wet applications a preferred method during the late spring and summer. Plants must be small enough that the foliage can be wet with a spray solution, since the concept of this treatment is to make sure that all leaves of the target plant are thoroughly wet.

Unlike cut-stump or basal-bark treatments, spray-to-wet applications require a high spray volume of mix; however, applications can be made at low pressure.

Herbicides used in spray-to-wet applications are mixed with water rather than with basal oil.

4. Select the correct herbicide.

Once the situation has been assessed, a management strategy can be adapted to control the unwanted woody brush. Several chemical and mechanical control strategies can be effective (see Table 1 on page 22).

When selecting a herbicide, consider whether or not any desirable vegetation TENNESSEE TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION • TENNESSEE VALLEY SPORTS TURF MANAGERS ASSOCIATION • Tennessee Golf Course Superintendents Association

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Weed W at ch Table 1. Herbicides for unwanted brush removal*.

Herbicide

Active Ingredient

Rate

Carrier

Application Method

Sensitive Species

Arsenal

imazapyr

8–12 oz/ gal

Water

Cut-Stump

Poplar, Privet, Sumac, Maple and others

Arsenal

imazapyr

0.5–5%

Water

Spray-to-wet

Poplar, Privet, Sumac, Maple and others

Brush Buster

2,4-D + dicamba

16 oz/ gal

Water

Spray-to-wet

Numerous species

Brush Killer, BrushMaster, others

2,4-D + mecoprop + dicamba

0.5–2 gal/ 100 gal

Water

Spray-to-wet

Numerous species

Brush Killer, BrushMaster, others

2,4-D + mecoprop + dicamba

10 oz/ gal

Basal Oil

Cut-Stump

Numerous species

Brush-no-more, others

2,4-D, dichlopop-p, dicamba

3–5 oz/ gal

Water

Spray-to-wet

Numerous species

Brush-no-more, others

2,4-D, dichlopop-p, dicamba

20 oz/ gal

Water

Cut-Stump

Numerous species

Crossbow

triclopyr + 2,4-D

1–1.5%

Water

Spray-to-wet

Ash, Black Locust, Cottonwood, Maple, Sumac and others

Crossbow

triclopyr + 2,4-D

1.50%

Basal Oil

Basal-Bark

Elm, Sweetgum and others

Escort

metsulfuron

4–8 oz/ 100 gal

Water

Spray-to-wet

Ash, Black Locust, Cottonwood, Elm, Oaks and others

Garlon 4

triclopyr

20–30 gal/ 100 gal

Basal Oil

Basal-Bark or Cut-Stump

Tree-of-heaven, Osage orange (bois d’ arc), Oak, Elm, Mixed Hardwoods and others

Garlon 4

triclopyr

2 qt/ 100 gal

Water

Spray-to-wet

Osage Orange (bois d’ arc), Locust, Sassafras, Sumac, Sweetgum and others

PastureGard

triclopyr + fluroxypyr

50%

Basal Oil

Basal-Bark or Cut-Stump

Birch, Elm, Hackberry, Maple, Oak, Locust, Poplar, Sumac and others

PastureGard

triclopyr + fluroxypyr

1–2 gal/ 100 gal

Water

Spray-to-wet

Birch, Elm, Hackberry, Maple, Poplar, Sumac and others

Roundup Pro, others

glyphosate

50–100%

Water

Cut-Stump

Alder, Oak, Sweetgum and others

Roundup Pro, others

glyphosate

1–2%

Water

Spray-to-wet

Maple, Oak, Pine and others

Roundup Poison Ivy & Tough Brush Killer

glyphosate + triclopyr

6 oz/gal

Water

Spray-to-wet

Numerous species

* This is a partial list of materials that can be used for unwanted brush control. The active ingredients contained in these herbicides will aid in un-wanted brush management.

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TENNESSEE TURFGRASS october/november 2011 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

CONTINUED is growing in close proximity to those species requiring removal. For example, is there established turfgrass surrounding the woody brush that needs to be removed? If so, a selective herbicide like triclopyr (trade name Garlon™) should be used instead of a non-selective herbicide like glyphosate (trade name Roundup™). If drift onto non-target species is a concern, limit the use of products that contain 2,4-D (e.g., Crossbow™), to decrease the possibility of vapor drift injuring or killing non-target vegetation.

Regardless of the combination of herbicides and mechanical techniques selected, complete control often requires implementing a control measure more than once. Visit the site at least two times per year to spot-treat any re-growth. Planting desirable vegetation (turfgrasses, native warm-season grasses, native woody ornamentals, etc.) after treatment may help provide competition against regrowth. It is important to ensure that desirable vegetation introduced after treatment is tolerant to the herbicides used for weed control.

Always refer to the product label for specific information regarding proper product use, tank-mix compatibility and turfgrass tolerance. For more information on weed control, please visit the University of Tennessee’s weed science websites at http://tennesseeturfgrassweeds.org and hortweeds.tennessee.edu. T

Turf T alk

Maximizing Herbicide Effectiveness Investing time and effort before an application will provide greater weed control and prevent lost time and wasted product.

By Wayne Ducote, Senior Sales Specialist, BASF Professional Turf & Ornamentals

A

lthough today’s modern pesticides and application equipment help make golf course superintendents’ jobs easier, there is still much that must be considered when it comes to providing year-round control of turf-attacking weeds. The work that is done before and after the herbicide application will eliminate time-wasting and resource-draining errors and ensure a successful treatment.

Identify your targets The best starting point in any weed-control program is correctly identifying the weeds (broadleaf and grassy) in the area you are planning to treat. This includes those that are visible now, as well as those that you can anticipate seeing throughout the year.

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Broadleaf weeds are easily identified in turf and are especially visible when in bloom. Bright yellow dandelion, white clover and purple henbit flowers are good examples. Grassy weeds, such as crabgrass, goosegrass and foxtail, are more difficult to identify early and become increasingly difficult to control

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS october/november 2011 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

once they’re established due to the large quantity of seeds they produce.

The importance of correctly distinguishing between broadleaf and grassy weeds correlates directly to the type of herbicide that you will need to use. As an example, phenoxy herbicides control broadleaf weeds but have little to no effect on grasses, while a pre-emergence herbicide such as pendimethalin can be used to control grassy and many broadleaf weeds at the same time with one product application.

Once your target list of weeds is established and you’ve determined whether they are broadleaf or grassy, understanding each weed’s lifecycle will help determine what herbicides will work best and whether a pre- or post-emergent strategy

replacement, choose herbicides that are labeled for use during or directly following sodding or sprigging.

Postemergent weed control This strategy is generally more costly than pre-emergent programs. Many postapplied herbicides can be used only on specific cool- or warm-season grasses.

Do not assume that your turfgrass is safe until you check the label. Applications should be made when weeds are small.

A lower rate can generally be used on newly germinated weeds more effectively.

Lower rates used equate to greater turfgrass safety (i.e., less potential injury to the turf). Many post-applied herbicides can be used as spot-spray applications, which is an economical approach to treating actively growing weeds.

Some tank-mix combinations can be used for broader spectrum control, but some mixes may cause an antagonistic effect or may cause injury to the turfgrass. Always consult the labels on both products prior to tank mixing.

Check the label

is the correct method to provide the best control. While the product label should be your guide in determining what herbicide(s) will work best to control your targeted weeds, some basic considerations should include the following factors.

Preemergent weed control Annual grasses and broadleaf weeds are best controlled with preemergent applications in early spring (or fall, for winter annual weeds) prior to weed-seed germination. When the turf is well established, a number of preemergent herbicides can be used to provide broad-spectrum seasonal weed control. This is the most effective, and least costly, means of weed management. If the turfgrass is significantly thin or will require large areas of turfgrass

If you’ve taken the time to identify the weeds that you need to treat and are trying to decide which herbicide to use, take the time to read and understand the herbicide product label. The label provides a wealth of information that is many times overlooked by applicators but that will help achieve better weed control and avoid potentially harmful effects to nontargeted plants. The labeled information for precautionary statements, uses, weeds controlled and application instructions should always be reviewed prior to any application.

Equipment check Making sure that application equipment (sprayers and spreaders) is in good working condition and properly calibrated is critical to ensure that proper coverage is achieved.

Properly functioning spray equipment must be able to maintain constant pressure and flow to allow the even distribution of chemicals throughout an entire

application, and the machine must be calibrated to deliver solutions at the labeled rate. Before conducting a calibration test, carefully check the spray tank and lines for leaks; also check the pressure regulator and flow meter for proper operation, and inspect spray tips for clogs or excessive wear. Worn spray tips will cause erratic coverage (over- or under-application).

Corroded metal parts, clogged nozzles or damaged seals can often cause handheld and backpack sprayers to not function properly. This is usually caused by leaving chemical solutions in sprayers and is prevented by cleaning after each use, which is also the key to preventing cross-contamination between chemicals that can cause plant injury.

Spreaders, while generally simple machines, can easily cause poor product application when they are not working correctly. Applicators should check to ensure that the hopper is opening and closing properly and that the product spreader is rotating freely. Additionally, a calibration test should be conducted to ensure that the spreader settings match product application rates.

Water basics Manufacturers of sprayable pesticide products recommend that the water used to make the spray solution should be in the pH range of 5.6 – 6.5 (basic). While this is generally the range of most city and well water, a water-quality check is a good precaution to take in regions with highly acidic soils or if the source is reused or grey water. Simple water-test kits are available through water-conditioning retailers, while municipal watertreatment plants regularly test the water and would be able to provide pH measures. When working with extreme spraysolution pH environments, adding a buffering agent to the spray solution should be considered to maintain product efficacy.

Mix it up correctly A common technique used to save application time is tank-mixing products. This is generally a safe practice — if the applicator knows in advance that the products

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION • TENNESSEE VALLEY SPORTS TURF MANAGERS ASSOCIATION • Tennessee Golf Course Superintendents Association

25

Turf T alk are compatible and can be mixed together without negating efficacy. Again, the product label is the best place to determine product compatibility, and it provides specifics on products that can and should not be mixed.

When it comes to tank-mixing, the most common mistake is the order that products are combined in the tank.

The quick reference below is a proven sequence that will ensure that you don’t end up with a congealed mess in the bottom of your spray tank.

• Fill the spray tank at least half-full of water, and then begin agitation before adding products.

• Add soluble products.

• Add product types in this order: – WP, DG, LF or DF formulations

– S or L formulations – EC formulations – NIS, COC or MSO – Liquid fertilizers • Fill the tank full with water.

always consider wearing a respirator, even when not required by the label. A good-quality dust mask should be considered when preparing and applying dry products.

Play it safe

Clean up

The health and safety of the applicator should always be a primary concern.

Applicators should never cut corners when it comes to wearing the protective equipment required on the herbicide label.

Applicators should wear the following protective wear (even if this gear is not stated on the label) when mixing or applying herbicides: chemical-resistant gloves and boots, protective over-garments such as tyvek suits or coveralls, and safety glasses or goggles. Applicators should

After application, first clean and store the application equipment, and then thoroughly rinse personal-protection gear with cold water from a hose or handheld container that was not used during application work. Applicators should bathe and change clothing as soon as possible. Clothing used during application must be washed and dried separately from other clothing, even if it doesn’t appear contaminated.

Storage and disposal The product label provides exact details specific to each herbicide on the storage and disposal of unused chemicals and their containers. Pesticides and their containers deemed as waste should be handled as toxic and disposed of in conjunction with state and federal laws. A state’s pesticide or Environmental Control Agency, as well as regional EPA offices, are prepared to assist by providing resources and information for proper storage and disposal.

Final thoughts Avoiding herbicide mix-ups relies primarily on the professionalism of the applicator to make certain that he or she understands the capabilities of the product being used, the care and use of the application equipment and the proper safety precautions. By investing time upfront to adequately plan and prepare for herbicide applications, turfgrass managers can achieve better weed control while maximizing the return on investment in terms of application time and herbicide product used.

Always read and follow label directions. For more information on disease control and healthy plants, visit BASF at www.betterturf.basf.us, follow our Twitter at www.twitter.com/basfturf_us, or contact Wayne Ducote at wayne. ducote@basf.com. T 26

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS october/november 2011 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

Rec ent Ev ent

Snapshots from the UT Turfgrass Field Day, September 15, 2011

By Jim Brosnan, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Turfgrass Weed Science, University of Tennessee

T

hanks go out to the more than 350 turf professionals who endured cold and rainy weather to make the UT Turfgrass Field Day a successful event again this year.

We truly appreciate your support!

Considering the interest in the ornamental sections of the program during the past two Field Days, our event will undergo a name change next year. The 2012 University of Tennessee Turfgrass & Ornamental Field Day will be held next September. More details will be announced in Tennessee Turfgrass and on our website (www.tennessee turfgrassweeds.org) as they become available. T

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TENNESSEE TURFGRASS october/november 2011 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

Thanks to Our Generous Sponsors!

Gold Sponsors

DuPont FMC Harrell’s Quali-Pro Syngenta Silver Sponsor

Dow AgroSciences Bronze Sponsor

ProSolutions

CALENDAR OF EVENTS

ADV ERTISERS

November 15

January 25–28

Bayer..................................................Back Cover www.bayerprocentral.com

MAGCSA Meeting Irene Golf & Country Club Memphis, TN

ANLA Management Clinic Galt House Hotel & Suites Louisville, KY

Cane Creek Sod................................................23 www.canecreeksod.com

November 15

January 27–28, 2012

Graham Lawn Equipment, Inc............................23 www.grahamlawnequipment.net

MTGCSA Fall Educational Seminar Gaylord Springs Golf Links Nashville, TN

Mid-States Horticultural Expo (TN Nursery & Landscape Assn. and KY Nursery & Landscape Assn.)

Kentucky Intl. Convention Center Louisville, KY

Greenville Turf & Tractor, Inc...............................9 www.JohnDeere.com

November TBA TVSTMA Field Day and Annual Meeting Middle Tennessee TBA

January 9–11, 2012 46th Annual TTA Conference and Trade Show Marriott Cool Springs Franklin, TN

January 10–14, 2012 STMA Annual Conference & Exhibition Long Beach Convention Center Long Beach, CA

January 16–20, 2012

January 30 – February 3, 2012 TPI Mid-Winter Conference (Turf Producers Intl.)

Scottsdale, AZ

February 20–21, 2012 TNLA Winter Education & Exhibits (TN Nursery & Landscape Assn.)

Music Road Convention Center Pigeon Forge, TN

February 27 – March 2, 2012 Golf Industry Show & GCSAA Conference Las Vegas, NV

NCAN “Green & Growin’ Show” (NC Nursery & Landscape Assn.)

Greensboro Coliseum Greensboro, NC

Covermaster, Inc..............................................27 www.covermaster.com

Harrell’s Custom Fertilizer...................................3 www.harrells.com Jackson Sand.....................................................8 www.jacksonsand.com John Deere Landscapes....................................11 www.johndeerelandscapes.com Kirk Grading and Sodding....................................6 Mid Tenn Turf, Inc............................................11 www.midtennturf.com Modern Turf, Inc.................................................7 www.modernturf.com Quali-Pro................................... Inside Back Cover www.quali-pro.com Redexim Turf Products......................................21 www.redexim.com Sigma Organics, Inc..........................................11 www.sigmaturf.com Syngenta Turf & Ornamental.............................29 www.syngentaprofessionalproducts.com The Pond Lady.................................................23 www.thepondlady.com The Turfgrass Group...........................................5 www.theturfgrassgroup.com Turf Mountain Sod, Inc......................................29 www.turfmountain.com Turfgrass America..............................................7 www.turfgrassamerica.com Unimin Corporation ..........................................29 Winstead Turf............................Inside Front Cover www.winsteadturf.com Wood Bay Enterprises, Inc.................................27 www.woodbayturftech.com

The Tennessee Turfgrass Association serves its members in the industry through education, promotion and representation. The statements and opinions expressed herein are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the association, its staff, or its board of directors, Tennessee Turfgrass Magazine, or its editors. Likewise, the appearance of advertisers, or Turfgrass Association members, does not constitute an endorsement of the products or services featured in this, past or subsequent issues of this quarterly publication. Copyright ©2011 by the Tennessee Turfgrass Association. Tennessee Turfgrass is published bi-monthly. Subscriptions are complimentary to members of the Tennessee Turfgrass Association. Third-class postage is paid at Nashville, TN. Printed in the U.S.A. Reprints and Submissions: Tennessee Turfgrass allows reprinting of material. Permission requests should be directed to the Tennessee Turfgrass Association. We are not responsible for unsolicited freelance manuscripts and photographs. Contact the managing editor for contribution information. Advertising: For display and classified advertising rates and insertions, please contact Leading Edge Communications, LLC, 206 Bridge Street, Franklin, TN 37064, (615) 790-3718, Fax (615) 794-4524.

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TENNESSEE TURFGRASS october/november 2011 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com