Tennessee Turfgrass - December / January 2013

December/January 2013

The Official Publication of the Tennessee Turfgrass Association, the Tennessee Valley Sports Turf Managers Association and the Tennessee Golf Course Superintendents Association

Controlling

Winter Annual Broadleaf Weeds We’ve Come a Long Way, Baby!

A Look Back at This Season’s

Trends in Golf Course Management

Special Inside —

47th Annual TTA Conference & Tradeshow…

Educational Program

The Official Publication of the Tennessee Turfgrass Association, Tennessee Valley Sports Turf Managers Association and the Tennessee Golf Course Superintendents Association

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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December/January 2013

FEATURED ARTICLES

12

Upcoming Event — 47th Annual TTA Turfgrass Conference & Tradeshow…

Educational Program

16 22 26 28

Cover Story — Controlling Winter Annual Broadleaf Weeds Special Feature — We’ve Come a Long Way, Baby!

Turf Talk — A Look Back at This Season’s Trends in Golf Course Management

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Recent Event — UT Field Day Continues to Grow and Grow!

DEPARTMENTS From the TTA President, Bob McCurdy

6

From the TVSTMA President, Wayne Treadway

8

From the TGCSA President, Jeff Rumph, CGCS

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Calendar of Events

30

Index of Advertisers

30

28

From the TTA President Bob McCurdy

Wandering

Aimlessly W

hen I was growing up in West Tennessee, family vacations were always a highlight of our summers. It was hard for my farming Dad to get things caught up before taking a few days off. But, no matter how stressful the last week or two became, he was always able to drive away and leave it all behind for some much needed rest.

We generally did not do a lot of planning beforehand, and usually the trips had a practical reason. Often, it was a trip to see an old army buddy, to visit an out-ofstate farm show or to pick up a piece of farming equipment.

One trip, though, still stands out in my mind today. After a stressful planting season and no time to plan the summer trip, we hesitated at the end of the driveway, debating which direction to go. One direction would lead to the east and probably a few nights in the Smoky Mountains or a Middle Tennessee state park. To the west would be a ferry ride across the Mississippi river and cool nights in the Ozarks, or maybe a trip to St. Louis and a Cardinals’ ballgame.

The funny thing is, I can’t recall the eventual destination, but I can remember the discussion at each and every turn, as

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my parents and older sister weighed the possibilities that would lie beyond each decision. The whole thing reminded me of the scene in Alice in Wonderland, where Alice does not care where she goes, as long as she gets somewhere.

Unlike our vacation (and Alice), our University of Tennessee turfgrass team has committed to a clear mission. This fall, at the September Turfgrass and Ornamental Field Day, they proved this to all who came.

Theirs is a well-planned effort to share the best research possible, to as many as who will listen. This was cutting-edge information that can be taken home and dressed in work clothes. I hope you did not miss it because nearly 500 of your competitors and friends did not.

Your Tennessee Turfgrass Association was glad to be involved in the Field Day. Several of your board members manned the TTA booth, where we sold chances on over $1,500 of prizes, including an Apple iPad. (Congratulations to longtime TTA member Margaret Moore on winning the iPad). We met a lot of potential members and made new friends.

In early January, we have an opportunity to join together and re-forge our commitment to the turf industry. It is also a

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS December/January 2013 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

chance to hear from some of the best speakers in the turf business. Don’t find yourself wandering aimlessly in the turfgrass industry. Without direction or a goal, you might wind up somewhere you don’t want to be.

Bob McCurdy 2012–2013 TTA President

Margaret Moore (with Marion County High School) accepts the TTA’s grand prize — an Apple iPad — at the UT Turfgrass and Ornamental Field Day on September 13.

The Official Publication of the Tennessee Turfgrass Association, the Tennessee Valley Sports Turf Managers Association and the Tennessee Golf Course Superintendents Association

Tennessee Turfgrass is the official publication of The Tennessee Turfgrass Association 400 Franklin Road Franklin, Tennessee 37069 (615) 591-8286 tnturfgrassassn@aol.com www.ttaonline.org Published by Leading Edge Communications, LLC 206 Bridge Street Franklin, Tennessee 37064 (615) 790-3718 Fax (615) 794-4524 Email: info@leadingedge communications.com Editor Mr. Bill Marbet TTA OFFICERS President Bob McCurdy McCurdy Sod Farms (731) 692-3515 Vice President Paul Carter Bear Trace at Harrison Bay (423) 344-6374 Secretary/Treasurer Theo Lankford Clarkland Sports Fields (615) 799-8664 Past President Jay Willis Glen Eagle Golf Course (901) 508-1986 Executive Secretary Jim Uden Tennessee Turfgrass Assn.

(615) 591-8286 TTA 2012 BOARD OF DIRECTORS Bob Elliott Thomas Garner Cal Hill Joe Hill Robert A. Main, CGCS Bill Marbet Mitch Parker Jason Pooler Jason Sanderson Chris Simon Sean VanHoose Doug Ward TTA ADVISORY MEMBERS OF THE BOARD Bill Blackburn Lynn Ray Jeff Rumph Dr. Tom Samples Dr. Dennis Shepard Dr. John Sorochan

TTA • TVSTMA • TGCSA

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From the TVST M A President Wayne Treadway

Start with

the Basics Yes,

the sports turf management bug has bitten me hard. Whenever I attend a sporting event, I find myself watching the field crew. I watch how they have lined the field or put down protection on hightraffic areas. If it’s a baseball game, I usually arrive early to watch game preparation.

One thing I have noticed is that the professionals are attentive to details. The difference between an amateur and professional is constancy. Every now and then, high school athletes can make a play, hit a ball or hit a shot like a pro. (Even I made a hole in one once! I said once.) The professional makes these plays, hits or shots often.

The same applies to the professional turf manager. The string for lining a field is pulled every time. The sprayer is always calibrated. The mower blades are always sharp. The smallest piece of debris is removed from the field.

I work for a small-town parks and recreation department. I find myself making

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excuses that if we only had such-and-such piece of equipment or more funds for something else, our fields would look like the pros’ fields. The reality most often is that if we more effectively used what we already have and were more attentive to detail, our fields would look comparable.

Don’t get me wrong — one cannot make something out of nothing or make a silk purse out of a sow’s ear. But don’t let what you do or don’t have hinder you from doing your best. Anyone can pull a string, walk slowly and make a relative straight line.

The simple things that we all know about but sometimes neglect are the difference between an attractive and safe turf and one that’s not. When I attended the Little League World Series, one thing that caught my attention was that the ground crew carried small brushes they used around the mound and home plate. This is the detail that made for a professional look. We all can do these things.

I’m as guilty as anyone in disregarding small details that I know would make

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS December/January 2013 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

the field better. I find myself worrying about larger tasks than taking time to pick up small debris or other minor tasks that could make large differences. I worry about the five other fields, instead of making sure the one I’m at looks best.

The professional takes pride in making his or her facility the best. No amount of equipment or funds can overcome the worker who takes little or no pride in his or her work. Very few professionals start at the top. Whether an athlete or a turf grass manager, each starts with the basics.

If we all do the basic things — pull a sting, pick up small debris and sharpen our blades — and are attentive to detail, someone will notice. To be a professional turfgrass manager, start with the basics, seek education and, through experience, you will reach your goal.

Wayne Treadway, 2012 TVSTMA President

The Tennessee Turfgrass Association serves its members in the industry through education, promotion and representation. The statements and opinions expressed herein are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the association, its staff, or its board of directors, Tennessee Turfgrass Magazine, or its editors. Likewise, the appearance of advertisers, or Turfgrass Association members, does not constitute an endorsement of the products or services featured in this, past or subsequent issues of this quarterly publication. Copyright Š 2012 by the Tennessee Turfgrass Association. Tennessee Turfgrass is published bimonthly. Subscriptions are complimentary to members of the Tennessee Turfgrass Association. Third-class postage is paid at Nashville, TN. Printed in the U.S.A. Reprints and Submissions: Tennessee Turfgrass allows reprinting of material. Permission requests should be directed to the Tennessee Turfgrass Association. We are not responsible for unsolicited freelance manuscripts and photographs. Contact the managing editor for contribution information. Advertising: For display and classified advertising rates and insertions, please contact Leading Edge Communications, LLC, 206 Bridge Street, Franklin, TN 37064, (615) 790-3718, Fax (615) 794-4524.

From the TG C SA President Jeff Rumph, CGCS

Reflecting

on The

Year’s Events At

last, fall is finally here. This is my favorite time of year. No, not just because IT’S FOOTBALL TIME IN TENNESSEE. Fall brings about so many things. Cooler temperatures mean lower growth rates for grasses, giving golf course superintendents in East Tennessee a chance to slow down from the hectic hot and dry (or hot and wet) weather. We don’t need to be as concerned about exactly what the temperature will be tomorrow because we know that it will be cool at night and only slightly warm during the day. When I said “slow down,” you all know that I don’t really mean that we can coast. Fall temperatures may slow the grass, but fall also brings about other tasks, such as leaf cleanup, brush removal and planning for winter projects. It’s also a chance for reflection on the growing season that has passed and planning for next year.

For the East Tennessee Golf Course Superintendents Association, we can reflect on a slate of great meetings at sites such as Laurel Valley Golf Course, Johnson City

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Country Club, Lookout Mountain Country Club, Green Meadow Country Club, Tennessee National Golf Club and our 21st Annual Scholarship and Research Tournament at The Virginian. We had great participation and excellent speakers at each of our meetings this year, and we look forward to the same in 2013. We already have quite a few courses that have asked to host meetings next year, and our Scholarship and Research Tournament will be in Chattanooga.

The University of Tennessee Research Field Day in September was also a spectacular success. I do not know their numbers, but it looked like the biggest crowd that I have ever seen there. The next day, I realized that there were still some studies that I did not get around to see. I should have stayed overtime to gather more info.

Another event that I was pleased to participate in, and I know many of you also participated in, was Bill Blackburn’s Lightning Bug Golf Tournament. This event, held each year on the 9-hole par 3 course in Bill’s backyard, is a fundraiser to help

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS December/January 2013 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

pay for junior golfers to attend golf camp at The Little Course in Franklin. What a fun way to benefit a good cause that will pay dividends for the children’s future and the future of the game of golf. These youngsters are our future customers, and it is great to see such a big effort to get more juniors interested in our game. If you have not played in it before, make a point to play next September. It is a lot of fun and a good cause.

With the holidays right around the corner, the next big turf event to look forward to is the Tennessee Turfgrass Association Annual Conference on January 7–9, 2013, at the Cool Springs Marriott in Franklin. It will be here before you know it. I look forward to that event each year, and I look forward to seeing each of you there. Have a great autumn and a winning FOOTBALL SEASON.

Jeff Rumph, CGCS 2012 ETGCSA President 2012 TGCSA President

A Growing Tradition

In Tennessee’s Green Industry

JANUARY 7–9, 2013

MARRIOTT COOL SPRINGS · FRANKLIN, TN

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TENNESSEE TURFGRASS December/January 2013 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

MONDAY AFTERNOON, JANUARY 7 General Session

(Moderator: Dr. Jim Brosnan, The University of Tennessee)

1:00 p.m. – 1:05 p.m.

Welcome to the 47th Tennessee Turfgrass Conference Dr. John Sorochan, The University of Tennessee

Saddlebred, Highland, Morgan

1:05 p.m. – 2:05 p.m.

Freddie & Me: Lessons from Augusta National’s Caddie Master Mr. Tripp Bowden 2:15 p.m.

TTA Business Meeting and Awards Reception

TUESDAY, JANUARY 8 8:30 a.m.

Continental Breakfast

Concurrent Session #1 – Saddlebred, Highland, Morgan Pesticide 1 PTS

9:00 a.m. – 9:30 a.m.

Mobile Weed Manual: A New Resource for Turf and Ornamental Weed Control Mr. Greg Breeden, The University of Tennessee 9:30 a.m. – 10:00 a.m. iPad Applications for Turfgrass Managers Hands-on Demonstrations will be Conducted 10:00 a.m. – 10:30 a.m.

William Brown, CGCS, iturfapps.com Shelia Finney, Gaylord Springs G.C. 10:30 a.m. – 10:45 a.m.

BREAK Pesticide 1 PTS 10:45 a.m. – 11:45 a.m.

Pest Management Panel Discussion Dr. Jim Brosnan, The University of Tennessee Dr. Beth Guertal, Auburn University Dr. James Kerns, University of Wisconsin Dr. Brandon Horvath, The University of Tennessee Moderators: Dr. John Sorochan, The University of Tennessee Dr. Alan Windham, The University of Tennessee Dr. Tom Samples, The University of Tennessee Mr. Joe Kennedy, CGCS, Vanderbilt Legends Club Mr. Jason Sanderson, Cherokee Country Club

11:45 a.m. – 1:00 p.m.

BREAK Pesticide 1 PTS 1:15 p.m. – 1:45 p.m.

Biostimulants: What Does the Research Say? Dr. Beth Guertal, Auburn University 1:45 p.m. – 2:15 p.m.

From the BCS to Santa Claus: A Calendar Schedule for Controlling Weeds Dr. Jim Brosnan, University of Tennessee 2:15 p.m. – 2:30 p.m.

BREAK 2:30 p.m. – 3:00 p.m.

Managing Pythium Root Dysfunction on Putting Greens Dr. James Kerns, University of Wisconsin

Concurrent Session #2 – Salons 1, 2, 3 & 4 Pesticide 1 PTS

9:00 a.m. – 9:30 a.m.

Ornamental Grasses for Use on Tennessee Golf Courses Dr. Tom Samples, University of Tennessee 9:30 a.m. – 10:00 a.m.

Optimal Fungicide Programming for the Transition Zone Dr. Brandon Horvath, University of Tennessee 10:00 a.m. – 10:30 a.m.

Eagles and More: Golf Course Management at Bear Trace Mr. Paul Carter, CGCS, Bear Trace at Harrison Bay 10:30 a.m. – 10:45 a.m.

BREAK

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION • TENNESSEE VALLEY SPORTS TURF MANAGERS ASSOCIATION • Tennessee Golf Course Superintendents Association

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TUESDAY, JANUARY 8

(continued)

10:45 a.m. – 11:45 a.m.

Three Years of Professional Golf on Bentgrass in August Mr. Scott Severance, CGCS, Fox Den C.C. Comparing the Safety and Performance of Natural and Synthetic Turf Mr. Adam Thoms, University of Tennessee

2:15 p.m. – 2:30 p.m.

BREAK 2:30 p.m. – 3:00 p.m.

Using Social Media to Communicate with Your Members Mr. William Brown, CGCS, iturfapps.com

11:45 a.m. – 1:00 p.m.

BREAK

3:00 p.m. – 3:30 p.m.

TGCSA Annual Meeting Salons 1, 2, 3 & 4

1:15 p.m. – 1:45 p.m.

2012 Year in Review Mr. Chris Hartwiger, United States Golf Association

3:00 p.m. – 3:30 p.m.

TVSTMA Annual Meeting Arabian Room

1:45 p.m. – 2:15 p.m.

Managing Organic Matter in Ultradwarf Bermudagrass Greens Dr. John Sorochan, The University of Tennessee

WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 9 8:30 a.m. – 11:30 a.m.

TRADE SHOW (with breakfast) Please support our vendors!

Concurrent Session #1 – Salons 1 & 2 Pesticide 1 PTS

11:30 a.m. – 12:00 p.m.

Univ. of Tennessee Summer Internship Feature Mr. Dalton Wayman, University of Tennessee Mr. Jesse McCormick, University of Tennessee 12:00 p.m. – 12:30 p.m.

Using Weather Data to Maximize Herbicide Efficacy Mr. Matt Elmore, The University of Tennessee

Concurrent Session #2 – Salons 3 & 4 Pesticide 1 PTS

11:30 a.m. – 12:00 p.m.

Effects of Crumb Rubber and Covers on Bermudagrass Fall Color Retention and Traffic Tolerance Mr. Kyley Dickson, The University of Tennessee 12:00 p.m. – 12:30 p.m.

Ryegrass Overseeding Effects on Athletic Performance Mr. Eric Reasor, The University of Tennessee 12:30 p.m. – 1:00 p.m.

Herbicide Effects on Bermudagrass Divot Resistance and Recovery Mr. Pat Jones, The University of Tennessee

12:30 p.m. – 1:00 p.m.

Fungicide Effectiveness for Controlling Pathogens of Turfgrass in Tennessee Mr. Jesse Benelli, The University of Tennessee Mr. David Shell, The University of Tennessee 14

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS December/January 2013 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

Please complete, sign and return this form with your payment.

Please list all information as you would like it to appear in the 2013 TTA Annual Directory.

Please list the first and last names of the persons attending the 2013 Conference & Trade Show. Attach separate list if needed.

company name:

1)

address:

2) city/state/zip:

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telephone:

4) 5)

fax:

6)

email:

7)

TURF MANAGER q q q q

Golf Course Parks & Recreation Sports Field Hotel/Resort

COMMERCIAL q q q q q

Hospital/Health Care School/University Cemetery Sod Producer Other________________

VENDOR q Irrigation Contractor q DOT q Other________________

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Equipment Dealer Distributor Manufacturer Other_________________

PLEASE CHECK THE BOX FOR ADDITIONAL ASSOCIATION AFFILIATIONS: q PGMS q TNLA q TVSTMA q TGCSA q Other ________________________________

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Primary Member Registration.................... $185.00

TOTAL $

Price includes 2013 Membership Dues

Returning Member Registration................... $130.00 $

For members who haven’t attended the Conference in the past three years. Fee includes free 2013 TTA membership.

Associate Member Registration.................... $125.00 Registrants from the same facility are eligible for Associate Membership if the facility has two primary members.

$

Student Member Registration...................... $60.00

$

One-Day Pass (Limit 1).................................. $80.00

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One-Day Student Pass (Limit 1)................... $10.00

$

First-Time Attendee One-Day Pass................ FREE

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Endowment Fund Contribution q Research q Scholarship

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q Extension

GRAND TOTAL Tennessee Turfgrass Association 400 Franklin Road • Franklin, TN 37069 TTA Office Use Only

(No Credit Cards)

Date______________

Check No. ______________

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Cover St ory

Controlling

Winter Annual Broadleaf Weeds

By James T. Brosnan, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Turfgrass Weed Science, and Greg Breeden, Weed Science Extension Assistant, The University of Tennessee

M

aintaining a vigorous turfgrass stand will protect against weed infestation. During the winter months, however, turfgrasses are not actively growing and are therefore susceptible to the encroachment of winter annual broadleaf weeds. Controlling winter annual broadleaf weeds before they are able to set seed will not only reduce the likelihood of an outbreak the following year, but it will also improve the aesthetic quality of the turfgrass stand.

Life cycle of winter annual broadleaf weeds Winter annual broadleaf weeds complete their life cycle within a 12-month period.

Seeds germinate in the late summer and early fall; plants grow during the winter and flower the following spring. Control measures implemented in the fall are often more effective than those applied in the spring once flowering has initiated.

Young, actively growing plants are more readily controlled than fully mature, flowering plants. Many winter annual broadleaf weeds are prolific seed producers. If not controlled, plants will produce seed in the spring that will remain in the soil until environmental conditions are appropriate for germination. Controlling winter annual broadleaf weeds before seed set will reduce future weed problems.

Winter annual broadleaf weed identification Proper weed identification is an essential step in weed control. Some winter annual broadleaf weeds commonly found in Tennessee turfgrasses are outlined here. For 16

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS

more information on weed identification, visit http://tennesseeturfgrassweeds.org.

Common chickweed (Stellaria media) Common chickweed (Photo 1) has a shallow root system and is often found in wet,

shady turfed areas. Leaves are opposite, shiny and egg-shaped to elliptic. The uppermost leaves are without a petiole. Common chickweed is easily identified by the lines of vertical hairs present along the stem (Photo 2). Common chickweed is similar to mouse-ear chickweed (Cerastium Photo

1

Common chickweed (Stellaria media).

Photo

2

Common chickweed has hairy stems.

vulgatum) in appearance; however, mouseear chickweed is a perennial that roots at the nodes and has oblong leaves that are prominently hairy.

Corn speedwell (Veronica arvensis) Corn speedwell (Photo 3) is a low-growing weed that thrives in weakened turfgrass stands, and it’s a common problem in newly established areas of cool-season turfgrass. Like other speedwells (Veronica spp.), the upper and lower leaves of corn speedwell differ in appearance and arrangement. Lower leaves are rounded, toothed and arranged opposite. Upper leaves are smaller, pointed and arranged alternate.

The entire plant is covered in soft, white hairs. Corn speedwell produces small, bright blue flowers (Photo 4).

Photo

3

Photo

4

Corn speedwell (Veronica arvensis).

Corn speedwell flowers.

Henbit (Lamium amplexicaule) Henbit (Photo 5) has a square stem that can be purplish. It branches freely from the base stem, with leaves that are kidneyshaped, serrated and densely hairy. Uppermost leaves lack petioles. Flowers are purple and arranged in whorls. Although henbit is similar in appearance to purple deadnettle (Lamium purpureum), the uppermost leaves of purple deadnettle have a redto-purple tinge and are affixed to a petiole.

Purple deadnettle (Lamium purpureum) Purple deadnettle (Photo 6) is similar in appearance to henbit (Lamium amplexicaule), except that its leaves are attached to petioles, where the leaves of henbit are not. Leaves of purple deadnettle also often have a purplish tinge. Purple deadnettle flowers in early spring.

Photo

5

Photo Henbit (Lamium amplexicaule).

6

Purple deadnettle (Lamium purpureum).

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION • TENNESSEE VALLEY SPORTS TURF MANAGERS ASSOCIATION • Tennessee Golf Course Superintendents Association

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Cover St ory Shepherd’s-purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris) Shepherd’s-purse develops from a basal rosette of lanceolate, rounded leaves arranged alternately on the stem. As the plant matures, leaves become deeply lobed.

Shepherd’s purse is sometimes confused with common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), which has lobes that point towards the base of the plant. Lobes on Shepherd’s purse point outward. The plant is identified by the heart-shaped/ triangular fruit it produces in the spring.

Shepherd’s purse is common in newly seeded turfgrass areas that lack density.

Cultural control options Implementing proper fertilization, mowing and irrigation practices during summer months will lead to the development of a healthy, dense turfgrass stand in the fall. Increasing turfgrass density will

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reduce the number of voids in the canopy for winter annual broadleaf weeds to invade.

Overseeding warm-season turfgrass species like bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) with cool-season species like perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) can help prevent winter annual broadleaf weed problems. Overseeded perennial ryegrass will grow longer into the fall than bermudagrass and subsequently will be more competitive against winter annual broadleaf weed invasion.

Pre-emergence control Isoxaben (Gallery™ 75DF) herbicide must be applied prior to the germination of weed seed, so target applications for late summer. Gallery™ can be applied at rates of 0.66 to 1.33 lbs. product per acre and must be watered in after application.

If renovating during the fall, do not apply isoxaben until seedlings have reached the

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS December/January 2013 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

three-leaf stage and are tillering. Do not use this product on warm-season turfgrasses that are to be overseeded.

Many of the pre-emergence herbicides used to control winter annual grassy weeds (e.g., annual bluegrass) also offer control of small seeded winter annual broadleaf weeds. These herbicides include dithiopyr (Dimension), indaziflam (Specticle), pendimethalin (Pendulum AquaCap), prodiamine (Barricade) and prodiamine + sulfentrazone (Echelon). Be sure to follow label directions for each herbicide for application rate information and additional use directions.

Post-emergence control options Numerous herbicides are available for post-emergence control of winter annual broadleaf weeds. While some products are discussed below, a complete list can be found in Table 1. When applied early

table

1

CONTINUED

Postemergence Herbicides (Active Ingredient)

Trade Name

Rate (Product/ Acre)

2,4-D

2,4-D Amine 4L

1.5–2.0 pt.

Apply to well-established turf; don’t apply to newly overseeded warm-season turfgrass.

MCPP

MCPP 2EC

4–7 pt.

Apply to well-established turf; don’t apply to newly overseeded warm-season turfgrass.

Banvel 4S; Vanquish 4S

0.5–1.0 pt.

Apply to well-established turf; don’t apply to newly overseeded warm-season turfgrass.

2,4-D + MCPP + dicamba

Trimec Classic; Three-Way

Various products available; refer to label

2,4-D + triclopyr + clopyralid

Momentum

3–4 pt.

Not for use by homeowners. Apply to well-established turf; don’t apply to warm-season turf maintained at less than 1/2 in. mowing height; use rate is weed specific (refer to label).

2,4-D + fluroxypyr + dicamba

Escalade II

2–3 pt.

Safe on Kentucky bluegrass, tall fescue, bermudagrass and zoysiagrass.

carfentrazone + 2,4-D + MCPP + dicamba

SpeedZone

2–5 pt.

Carfentrazone addition improves efficacy in cold weather compared to other phenoxy combinations.

carfentrazone + MCPA + MCPP + dicamba

PowerZone

2–6 pt.

Carfentrazone addition improves efficacy in cold weather compared to other phenoxy combinations.

triclopyr + clopyralid

Confront

1–2 pt.

Not for use by homeowners. Apply to well-established turf; don’t apply to warm-season turf maintained at less than 1/2 in. mowing height; use rate is weed specific (refer to label).

bentazon + atrazine

Prompt 5L

1.8–2.4 pt.

Restricted-use pesticide only safe for use on bermudagrass, zoysiagrass, and centipedegrass; use rates are dependent on weed size.

carfentrazone

Quicksilver

1.0–2.1oz.

For use by professional applicators. Do not mix or apply this product near bodies of water; can be combined with other herbicides to widen the spectrum of control; don’t apply to warm-season turfgrass transitioning in and out of dormancy.

sulfentrazone

Dismiss

4–12 oz.

Use rate varies between warm- and cool-season turf; do not mix or apply this product near bodies of water; do not apply to warm-season turfgrass transitioning in and out of dormancy.

chlorsulfuron

Corsair 75WDG

1–5.3 oz.

Use restricted to professional applicators. Can be used on Kentucky bluegrass; DO NOT USE ON TALL FESCUE; don’t apply to overseeded bermudagrass; apply prior to the initiation of green up; non-ionic surfactants improve efficacy.

flazasulfuron

Katana

1.5–3.0 fl. oz.

metsulfuron

Blade; Manor

0.125–1.0 oz.

Use restricted to professional applicators. Safe on Kentucky bluegrass at lower rates; don’t apply to overseeded bermudagrass; non-ionic surfactants improve efficacy.

rimsulfuron

TranXit

0.5–2.0 oz.

Use restricted to professional applicators. Don’t use on cool-season turfgrasses, don’t apply to over-seeded bermudagrass; don’t apply in areas where children contact turf; non-ionic surfactants improve efficacy.

trifloxysulfuron

Monument

0.35–0.53 oz.

diquat

Reward 2L

1–2 pt.

DORMANT BERMUDAGRASS ONLY; apply prior to initiation of green up.

glyphosate

Roundup Pro

0.5 qt.

DORMANT BERMUDAGRASS ONLY; apply prior to initiation of green up.

Comments

Auxin Herbicides

Benzoic Herbicides dicamba

Combination Herbicides Provides broad spectrum weed control; use rates differ between warm- and cool-season turf; can cause injury to warm-season turfgrass transitioning in and out of dormancy.

Protox Herbicides

ALS Herbicides

Use restricted to professional applicators. Don’t use on cool-season turfgrasses; don’t apply to overseeded bermudagrass; non-ionic surfactants improve efficacy.

Use restricted to professional applicators. Don’t use on cool-season turfgrasses; don’t apply to overseeded bermudagrass; non-ionic surfactants improve efficacy.

Non-Selective Herbicides

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION • TENNESSEE VALLEY SPORTS TURF MANAGERS ASSOCIATION • Tennessee Golf Course Superintendents Association

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Cover St ory in the life cycle of young plants, these herbicides can be highly effective.

Auxin herbicides Auxin herbicides include 2,4-D, MCPP and MCPA. These are the most commonly used herbicides for controlling broadleaf weeds in turf. While effective individually, broad-spectrum weed control is often achieved by applying products containing more than one of these materials.

Multiple options are available, including Trimec Classic™ (2,4-D, MCPP, dicamba) and Three-Way™ (2,4-D, MCPP, dicamba).

Most auxin herbicides are safe for use on Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea), bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) and zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.). Always check the product label for specific turfgrass tolerance information.

These materials can injure surrounding desirable vegetation. Do not apply auxin herbicides underneath or around desired vegetation or in conditions that favor herbicide drift or volatility (high winds or temperatures greater than 85ºF).

While granular fertilizers containing auxin herbicides are available, efficacy is significantly greater when these herbicides are applied as liquids.

Pyridinecarboxylic acids (or picolinic acids) Triclopyr + clopyralid (Confront™) is another option for controlling winter annual broadleaf weeds in Kentucky bluegrass, tall fescue, bermudagrass and zoysiagrass. This product cannot be used by homeowners, nor can it be applied to warm-season turfgrass mowed at less than 1/2".

Protox berbicides Designed to be used by professional applicators, carfentrazone (Quicksilver™ 1.9 EC) is a product that is safe on most warmand cool-season turfgrasses, except hybrid bermudagrass (C. dactylon X C. transvaalensis). Commercial products like SpeedZone (carfentrazone, 2,4-D, MCPP, dicamba) and PowerZone (carfentrazone, MCPA, MCPP, dicamba) can be used to widen the spectrum of weed control. These combination products are ideal for winter annual broadleaf control because the addition of carfentrazone to mixes of phenoxy herbicides improves efficacy in cold weather. SpeedZone and PowerZone are also safe for use on more turfgrass species than Quicksilver.

Sulfentrazone (Dismiss™) is a product safe for use on nearly all warm- and coolseason turfgrasses grown in Tennessee.

It provides control of not only broadleaf weeds, but also some grassy weeds and sedges. This product should not be applied near landscape beds, nor should it be mixed or applied near bodies of water. The label requires that a minimum distance of 50 feet be maintained to the nearest source of well water. Sulfentrazone (Dismiss) can be readily tank-mixed with other herbicides to increase the spectrum of weed control.

ALS herbicides Multiple ALS herbicides can be used to control some specific winter annual broadleaf weeds. These herbicides include chlorosulfuron (Corsair™ 75WDG), metsulfuron (Blade™), rimsulfuron (TranXit GTA™) and trifloxysulfuron (Monument™ 75WG). Refer to each product’s label for specific information on the species of weeds controlled. Most of these products are only available to professional pesticide applicators, and most are not safe for use on cool-season turfgrass.

These materials can also be readily tracked to non-target sites.

Non-selective herbicides Non-selective herbicides such as glyphosate (Roundup Pro™) and diquat (Reward™ 2L) can be applied to dormant bermudagrass turf for control of winter 20

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS December/January 2013 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

CONTINUED annual broadleaf weeds. These applications cannot be made to bermudagrass that has been overseeded, as glyphosate and diquat will remove any overseeded perennial ryegrass or roughstalk bluegrass (Poa trivialis) present.

Conclusion The use of proper maintenance practices throughout the summer will help prevent the encroachment of winter annual broadleaf weeds in the fall. Control measures should be used before these weeds produce seeds that can be deposited into the soil seed-bank. There are multiple options for post-emergence control of winter annual broadleaf weeds. Professional applicators can select from an array of different products, depending on the species of turfgrass the weeds have infested.

Before application, always carefully read the label of the product selected for application. Herbicide labels are legal documents that must be followed. Labels provide users with specific use information, turfgrass tolerance, weed species controlled and information about where the product can be safely applied. For example, some products are not labeled for use on home lawns, while others are not labeled for use on golf greens. Consult the product label to determine if the herbicide selected is labeled for the desired use.

The omission of a particular trade name in this publication is not intended to reflect adversely, or to show bias against, any product or trade name not mentioned.

Often, pre-mixed combination products (i.e., those containing two or more active ingredients) containing the same active ingredients can have different trade names.

This is especially true with post-emergence herbicides for broadleaf weed control. This article is not an exhaustive list of all combination products labeled for winter annual broadleaf weed control in turf. Rather, it is designed to be a guide to assist in herbicide selection.

For more information on turfgrass weed control, visit The University of Tennessee’s turfgrass weed science website at http://www.tennesseeturfgrassweeds.org. T TENNESSEE TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION • TENNESSEE VALLEY SPORTS TURF MANAGERS ASSOCIATION • Tennessee Golf Course Superintendents Association

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Spe cial F eature

By Frank Turner, Cochran McDonalds, Long-Time TTA Member and 1986 - 1987 TTA President

In

September, I attended the ninth Turf and Ornamental Field Day at The University of Tennessee’s Plant Science Unit of the East Tennessee Research and Education Center here in Knoxville. Actually, it was the first Turf and Ornamental Field Day; the previous ones have been Turf Research Field Days. Due to industry demand, this field day has been expanded to include both turf and ornamentals. The key word is expanded. Every year, this field day has gotten bigger and better.

The booklet that was handed out listed 46 supporters of the Turfgrass Research Program at UT, including golf course superintendents associations, seed, fertilizer and pesticide companies, tire companies (crumb rubber), equipment companies, TTA, USGA and many others. Texas A&M University and the University of Georgia are also listed as supporters!

Another page listed 75 UT personnel involved with this field day. Of those, 14

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are turf and ornamental faculty members, assisted by 14 graduate students.

As I thought back on the turf program at UT, and then noted this level of involvement and support, I was astounded! I was also very proud. The future looks bright.

During the day, someone commented on how many people were there that we did not recognize. There was a time we could name almost everyone and where they worked. I’ve had that same conversa-

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS December/January 2013 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

tion at TTA conferences several times.

OK, I admit it — I’m getting older (older, not old), but it occurred to me that probably a large majority of our membership, both young and old, knows very little about the history of the TTA or its connection with the turf program at UT. I think everyone enjoys pulling out that old photograph album (oops, I’m dating myself again) and looking at pictures of ourselves when we were younger, or photos of our children when they were infants, or places we used to live. Although I don’t have photos (well, maybe one or two), I have kept a number of old TTA newsletters. In the “olden” days, we did not have a fancy color magazine, just a simple newsletter. I also have the original history of TTA, its very beginnings, written by Dr. Lloyd M. Callahan. I want to share those records and my memories with you. I hope you enjoy a look back.

As a student at The University of Tennessee from 1974 to 1978, I was fortunate to have Dr. Callahan as my advisor and instructor. The following information comes from Dr. Callahan’s early records and documents about the TTA. Dr. Callahan was hired by UT in 1964 to develop the first Turfgrass Management Research and Teaching program and also to develop the Turf Extension program. At that time, no formal turf association existed in Tennessee, although a few equipment companies would occasionally host and conduct demonstrations. Dr. Callahan began to hear from individuals across the state expressing an interest in the need for an association, and he developed a tentative set of bylaws by early December 1965.

According to Dr. Callahan’s records, The University of Tennessee held its first Turf Conference and Research Field Day

Spe cial F eature at Knoxville on May 29–30, 1966. During this gathering, a meeting was held to officially establish an organizational vote for a state association. Following a unanimous vote in support of an association, Dr. Callahan sent the bylaws to the Tennessee Secretary of State and requested papers for Incorporation.

The governmental red tape was completed, and on January 9–10, 1967, the first officially sanctioned conference of the Tennessee Turfgrass Association was held at the Andrew Johnson Hotel in Knoxville. Dr. Callahan was elected secretary/ treasurer and program director. Mr. Bill Mannion, of Tennessee Turf and Toro in Knoxville, was elected president. The two vice presidents were Mr. Frank Jones from East Tennessee and Mr. Ernest Hardison from Middle Tennessee.

In 2006, Dr. Tom Samples and I were asked to compile a history of the TTA (by whom, I do not remember), but it was never published. At that time, Dr. Callahan

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supplied us with the origins of the TTA, a chronology of TTA officers, a registry of “Certificates of Appreciation” presented

by TTA, a registry of “Lifetime Memberships” presented by TTA, a registry of scholarships presented by TTA and Proceedings of the first, second and third Annual TTA conferences in 1967, 1968 and 1969. The proceedings included speakers, their topics and a list of officers and directors. I plan to check with Jim Uden, our executive secretary, to make certain that permanent copies of all of these documents are kept.

Here are a few interesting facts from the first three conferences.

• The first conference, as noted earlier, was held at the Andrew Johnson Hotel in Knoxville in 1967. The second conference was held in Nashville at the Andrew Jackson Hotel, and the third conference was held at the Sheraton Peabody Hotel in Memphis.

• One of the topics at the first confer-

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS December/January 2013 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

ence was “Poa annua Control in Bentgrass Greens.”

• One of the directors elected at that first conference was Mr. Buck Allison, a sod and seed contractor from Kingston Springs, just outside of Nashville. In later years, Mr. Allison would be instrumental in helping the TTA secure legislative funding for Dr. Samples’ position at UT. • Two topics at the 1968 conference were “Spring Dead Spot” and “Thatch Control in Bermudas and Zoysias.” It’s interesting how these early topics are still relevant today.

• The third conference in Memphis had, as one of its speakers, our very own Lawrence (Larry) B. Shore, superintendent at Windyke Country Club. His topic was “How We Do It — Handling of Topdressing.” Nearly thirty years later, in 1998, Larry was recognized as TTA’s Professional of the Year.

• Another interesting topic at that conference was Dr. Callahan’s “Highlights of Synthetic Turf.” Just one year previously, in the summer of 1968, the University of Tennessee had become only the second college in the country to install artificial turf on its athletic field. Here is a great link I came across while researching this: http://patrickgarbin.blogspot.com/2010/ 06/when-georgia-dogs-were-guineapigs.html. It describes how Georgia’s head coach, Vince Dooley, was upset at UT’s late announcement of the installation. Georgia was Tennessee’s opponent in the nationally televised season opener.

In 1990, a motion was approved at the annual meeting to “give a yearly award to someone with high achievement in the Turfgrass Industry and/or distinguished service to our association and industry.”

That award became the Professional of the Year. Prior to that time, on eight occasions, the association recognized special individuals for their service. TTA awarded a Certificate of Appreciation to: Dr. Lloyd Callahan (1972), Mr. Ernest Hardison (1975) and Mr. Buck Allison (1986). Five

CONTINUED individuals were granted lifetime memberships: Mr. Ernest Hardison (1975), Mr. Bill Mannion (1978), Ms. Marjorie Rose (1984), Mr. James Moncrief (1984) and Mr. Buck Allison (1986).

In 1968, when cigarette advertising on television had yet to be prohibited, Phillip Morris introduced a brand of cigarettes marketed to women called Virginia Slims.

Its slogan was, “You’ve Come a Long Way, Baby.” I think the same can be said of the TTA and the turf program at UT — You’ve come a long way, baby!

In coming issues of Tennessee Turfgrass, I will add some of my own recollections of the TTA, but this was my president’s message from 25 years ago in the August 1987 newsletter: There was a young man who grew grass Who said he was having a blast.

Then one day the cops Examined the tops And threw him in jail on his ____!

“But, sirs,” he exclaimed, “I’m the best If growing grass is the test.

I went to UT To earn my degree, And Callahan taught me the rest.”

“I think if you’ll look a bit closer, You’ll see that my grass is quite kosher.

The leaves you observed Were being preserved To include on my schoolyard ‘weed’ poster.”

I’ve started this, now I can’t stop.

If you think that I’m crazy, I’m not.

It’s just that these words Go sometimes unheard So I’ll leave you with just one more thought.

This organization is you And all the things that you do.

Your grass may be greener, But don’t be a weiner.

Old dogs can learn tricks that are new. T

Turf T alk

A Look Back at This Season’s Trends in Golf Course Management

By Chris Hartwiger and Patrick O’Brien, USGA Green Section

W

hen the leaves begin to change color, our activities as USGA agronomists also change. The frequency of on-site Turfgrass Advisory Service consulting visits slows down, and we begin preparing for the upcoming conference season. It’s also a great time for us to play more golf! As we reflect on the season that has passed, we wanted to take a proverbial trip through each part of the golf course and offer a few thoughts on the tips, trends or ideas we observed in 2012.

Practice facility A round of golf generally begins with a trip to the practice facility. The biggest trend in practice facilities this year was educating golfers about the benefits of practice in linear divot patterns. Ty McClellan wrote an excellent article on this topic for the Green Section Record: http://gsr.lib.msu. edu/article/mcclellan-practice-6-8-12.pdf.

Practicing in this way will allow more efficient use of the limited amount of turf on the practice range.

Tees More turfgrass species and varieties are available for tees than ever before. Many of these varieties have unique characteristics that make them well adapted to issues such as shade, high traffic, water quality, overseeding tolerance, etc. Due to difficult economic conditions, large-scale renovations are not as popular as they were in the 1990s and 2000s. Often, however, a few capital dollars are available and many 26

golf courses have taken advantage of some of the improved genetics associated with newer varieties.

Fairways Although more courses in the region are embracing the goal of fast and firm fairways, the Southeast is known for clay soils and 50" of rain per year. There was only a short window in June of 2012 where superintendents could manipulate fairway firmness. Nevertheless, there were plenty of trends on fairways. Numerous coastal courses are taking advantage of the aggressive growth habit of Celebration bermudagrass, and they are actually no-till planting Celebration bermudagrass into hybrid fairways mottled with off-types. The results to date have been encouraging.

A second trend is occurring within the resort course market. The number of courses that desire to have green turf in the winter remains the same, but the method for achieving the color is changing. The number of courses that use colorants instead of overseeding is increasing again this year. Pat O’Brien has written an excellent article on this procedure: http://gsr.lib.msu.edu/article/o’brieninstant-7-6-12.pdf.

Rough We rarely hit the golf ball into the rough, opting instead for shots straight into the woods or a hazard. However, we did take a look at enough rough to know there are a few new developments on this part of the

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS December/January 2013 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

golf course. First and foremost is playing quality. Fewer and fewer courses are favoring a difficult setup with penal rough. They are not only encouraging golfers to “Tee It Forward,” but they are also maintaining bermudagrass rough at heights between 1.00" to 1.25" to help make the game more enjoyable and faster to play.

Also, growth regulation and a reduction of inputs for the rough have been popular topics on Turf Advisory Service visits. Bermudagrass is an extremely versatile grass and has produced an excellent quality rough in the Southeast for decades.

Unfortunately, the inputs required (water, fertilizer, mowing) are not in alignment with an economically challenged golf market. We see the opportunity to either develop different grasses for nonessential rough on the golf course or to develop growth regulator strategies with the purpose of reducing inputs, particularly mowing.

There were many things to see and discuss on golf courses again in 2012.

Bunkers A round of golf would not be complete without a comment or two about bunkers.

After all, they are the second-most-talkedabout topic on USGA Turf Advisory Service visits, and they can divide a room faster than an in-state college football rivalry. We can say confidently that in our region, the variety of construction techniques and quality of sand available is unparalleled in golf course management in the Southeast.

Unfortunately, we also have to report that, based upon our observations, golfer satisfaction is no higher than it was 15 years ago. In other words, more dollars are being spent, but golfers are not more satisfied. The solution: Continue golfer education on the role of bunkers in the game of golf.

Putting greens The overall trend on putting greens continues to be the removal of creeping bent-

grass putting greens and the establishment of ultradwarf bermudagrass putting greens. It is good to be in a region where either grass system has proven to be effective. We have enjoyed helping clubs with conversion projects and teaching surfacemanagement techniques for ultradwarf bermudagrasses.

A second trend is underway that is worth mentioning. The triplex mower is making a big comeback for a variety of reasons. First, the quality of the cutting units on the triplex mowers continues to improve. Second, the quantity and quality of skilled labor at wages available are harder to come by. Savvy superintendents are making the switch, and the results have been positive to date.

How is your golf game?

Now that we have reviewed a golf hole and discussed multiple agronomic topics, perhaps you believe that you are ready

to take your game to the next level. Fortunately, you may not have to travel far, as there will be four amateur USGA Championships in the Southeast in 2013: • U.S. Women’s Amateur at the Country Club of Charleston • U.S. Senior Amateur at Wade Hampton • U.S. Mid Amateur at the Country Club of Birmingham • U.S. Women’s Mid Amateur at Biltmore Forest Country Club

Conclusion We enjoyed working with many of you in 2012, either in person or through written resources such as this publication or the Green Section Record Online. As always, we welcome the opportunity to be of assistance to you and your golf course.

Please give us a call or email any time — Chris Hartwiger (678-591-7410, chartwiger@usga.org) or Patrick O’Brien (678-591-7340, patobrien@usga.org). T

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION • TENNESSEE VALLEY SPORTS TURF MANAGERS ASSOCIATION • Tennessee Golf Course Superintendents Association

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Rec ent E vent

UT Field Day Continues

to Grow and Grow!

By James T. Brosnan, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Turfgrass Weed Science, The University of Tennessee

The

University of Tennessee Turf & Ornamental Field Day was held on September 13, 2012. One of the largest and fastest-growing field day events in the United States, this event featured current research on managing weed, disease and insect pests of warm- and cool-season turfgrasses, as well as strategies for maximizing the quality of athletic-field playing surfaces.

This year, the program was expanded to include content on managing ornamental plants in landscape settings. Information on weed, disease and insect pests of ornamentals was presented, as well as content on plant growth regulators and elec-

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tronic tools for managing pest activity.

This expansion allowed University of Tennessee faculty to reach an additional audience, as more than 470 individuals made their way to the East Tennessee Research & Education Center-Plant Sciences Unit (Knoxville, TN) for the event this year. This growth was facilitated through generous industry sponsorships.

Attendees enjoyed a day that featured top-notch education, networking and wonderful fall weather. The University of Tennessee faculty would like to thank all individuals who attended our event this year, and we look forward to working on our program for 2013. T

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS December/January 2013 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com

Thank You

to Our Field Day Sponsors!

Gold-Level Sponsors Bayer Environmental Sciences FMC Harrell’s John Deere Landscapes Syngenta

Silver-Level Sponsors PBI Gordon Company ProSolutions Winfield Solutions

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS ASSOCIATION • TENNESSEE VALLEY SPORTS TURF MANAGERS ASSOCIATION • Tennessee Golf Course Superintendents Association

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Calendar o f Events January 3–4

TN Green Industry Expo (TN Nursery & Landscape Assn.)

Nashville Convention Center Nashville, TN

January 7–9

47th Annual TTA Conference and Trade Show Marriott Cool Springs Franklin, TN

January 14–18

NCAN “Green & Growin’ Show” (NC Nursery & Landscape Assn.)

Greensboro Coliseum Greensboro, NC

January 15–19

STMA Annual Conference & Exhibition (Sports Turf Managers Assn.)

Ocean Center Daytona Beach Daytona Beach, FL

February 6–7

BWI Companies, Inc............................29 Pro Solutions, LLC...............................24 www.bwicompanies.com www.ourprosolutions.com Cane Creek Sod...................................24 Redexim Turf Products........................21 www.canecreeksod.com www.redeximturfproducts.com Covermaster, Inc...................................9 Sigma Organics, Inc............................11 www.covermaster.com www.sigmaturf.com Direct Solutions..................................11 Smith Turf & Irrigation..........Back Cover www.aatdirectsolutions.com www.smithturf.com

February 18–19

Erickson Turf Services.........................30 Sur-Line Turf, Inc.................................18 www.facebook.com/ www.surlineturf.com EricksonTurfServicesLLC Syngenta Turf........................................9 Firestone Specialty Products................7 www.syngentaprofessionalproducts.com www.firestonesp.com The Andersons Technologies, Inc.......23 John Deere Landscapes......................25 www.andersonsgolfproducts.com www.johndeerelandscapes.com The Pond Lady.....................................21 Kesmac Inc............................................3 www.thepondlady.com www.kesmac.com The Turfgrass Group.............................5 Kirk Grading and Sodding...................11 www.theturfgrassgroup.com

Music Road Convention Center Pigeon Forge, TN

Mid Tenn Turf, Inc........................21, 30 TitanFescue.com.................................30 www.midtennturf.com www.smithseed.com

Golf Industry Show

San Diego Convention Center San Diego, CA

TNLA Winter Education & Exhibits (TN Nursery & Landscape Assn.)

Digital Mark etplac e

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Advertiser Index

Modern Turf, Inc.................................20 Tri-Turf Sod Farms..............................30 www.modernturf.com Turfgrass of Tennessee......................23 NewLife Turf, Inc.......Inside Back Cover Winstead Turf........... Inside Front Cover www.newlifeturf.com www.winsteadturf.com Plant Healthcare Services...................25 www.planthealthserv.com

Download your favorite QR reader to your phone and scan the code to learn more about these companies.

TENNESSEE TURFGRASS December/January 2013 Email TTA at: tnturfgrassassn@aol.com