Virginia Turfgrass Journal - November / December 2015

Journal of the Virginia Turfgrass Council

Encroachment of Annual Grass into Turf — Basic Turf Management Is Still the Key

Making Low-Cost Bunker Sands Work

November/December 2015

Preview of the First Annual

MID-ATLANTIC TURFGRASS EXPO

Virginia Turfgrass Council / P.O. Box 5989 / Virginia Beach, VA 23471 / ADDRESS SERVICE REQUESTED

(M-A-T-E)... Growing For Our Future, January 25–28, 2016

Journal of the Virginia Turfgrass Council | November/December 2015

16

20

12 Upcoming Event

Preview of the First Annual Mid-Atlantic Turfgrass Expo (M-A-T-E),

Growing For Our Future

January 25–28, 2016

16 Cover Story Encroachment of

Annual Grass into Turf — Basic Turf Management Is Still the Key

DEPARTMENTS 6 President’s Message

from Fred Biggers, CGCS

8 Director’s Corner

from Tom Tracy, Ph.D.

9 In Memoriam 10 VTF Report

from Betty Parker

24 Industry News 25 Turfgrass Calendar 25 Index of Advertisers

20 Feature Story

Making Low-Cost

Bunker Sands Work

Virginia Turfgrass Council (VTC) serves its members in the industry through education, promotion and representation. The statements and opinions expressed herein are those of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the association, its staff, or its board of directors, Virginia Turfgrass Journal, or its editors. Likewise, the appearance of advertisers, or VTC members, does not constitute an endorsement of the products or services featured in this, past or subsequent issues of this bimonthly publication. Copyright ©2015 by the Virginia Turfgrass Council. Virginia Turfgrass Journal is published bimonthly. Subscriptions are complimentary to members of VTC. POSTMASTER: Send change of address notification to VTC, P.O. Box 5989, Virginia Beach, VA 23471. Postage guaranteed. Third-class postage is paid at Nashville, TN. Printed in the U.S.A. Reprints and Submissions: Virginia Turfgrass Journal allows reprinting of material published here. Permission requests should be directed to VTC. We are not responsible for unsolicited freelance manuscripts and photographs. Contact the managing editor for contribution information. Advertising: For display and classified advertising rates and insertions, please contact Leading Edge Communications, LLC, 206 Bridge Street, Franklin, TN 37068-0142, (615) 790-3718, Fax (615) 794-4524. Deadlines are the first of the month prior to the following month’s publication. (Example: August 1 for the September issue.)

4 | VIRGINIA TURFGRASS JOURNAL November/December 2015 www.vaturf.org

President’s Message

You Don’t Want to Miss

Fred Biggers, CGCS 2014–2015 VTC President

M-A-T-E! By

the time you read this column, you should be making plans to attend the first Mid-Atlantic Turfgrass Expo (M-A-T-E) event, scheduled for January 25–28 in Fredericksburg. A whole lot of work has gone on behind the scenes to make this new joint conference a reality.

Through hard work and countless meetings, Tom Tracy (VTC executive director) and Vernon Cooper (executive director of the Maryland Turfgrass Council) have turned a great idea into a reality. Several meetings with the leaders of the VTC and the MTC took place early in 2015 to iron out all of the details necessary to merge two existing conferences into one bigger and better new regional turfgrass conference.

With the merging of both Virginia Tech’s and the University of Maryland’s turf faculties, there is now a formidable number of turfgrass professors and other experts to report on all aspects of turfgrass management topics. You can find session details for all four days on pages 12–15.

As a highlight, on Tuesday morning, everyone will be invited to attend a General Session featuring a keynote speech by Dean Graves, CGCS (the Chevy Chase Club in Bethesda, MD) on “Appreciation, the Key to Success,” as well as a second keynote speech by Jerad Minnick (Growing Innovations) on “Grass Can Take More.” The General Session will also include VTC and MTC awards presentations, along with annual meetings being held for each association.

On Tuesday evening when the tradeshow would normally start to wind down, Scott Woodward (VTC treasurer and chairman of the M-A-T-E Tradeshow Committee) will unveil a new M-A-T-E Corn Hole tournament that will take place right next to the

tradeshow and will feature possibly dozens of vendorsponsored teams competing in a double elimination tournament, as well as an open bar and appetizers.

Also starting on Tuesday is an expanded Mechanic’s Seminar featuring two days of education that includes presentations on Tier 4 diesel engines, small power equipment maintenance and advanced hydraulic troubleshooting. Seminar participants will also have the opportunity to attend the M-AT-E tradeshow both days during the tradeshow hours.

On Thursday, three offerings include a one-day Pesticide Core Review and examination, an all-day Pesticide Recertification session and an all-day Fertilizer Certification course.

As you can see, both the Maryland Turfgrass Council and the Virginia Turfgrass Council have been busily making plans to run the M-A-T-E successfully this winter, so I hope that all VTC and MTC members will make plans to attend. I also encourage all of our members’ staffs to attend, to further their knowledge and to use this conference to further advance their skills.

Lastly, it is my hope that all of us can slow down to enjoy our families during the slower winter months and that we can use the off-season to recharge our “batteries” during this time period. So, take a deep breath while you enjoy the Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Year’s holidays with your families and loved ones, and try to build up your “foundation of happiness” so you can start next year with enthusiasm.

Best wishes, and I’ll see you at M-A-T-E!

Fred Biggers, CGCS 2014–2015 VTC President

6 | VIRGINIA TURFGRASS JOURNAL November/December 2015 www.vaturf.org

Virginia Turfgrass Journal is the official publication of The Virginia Turfgrass Council P.O. Box 5989 Virginia Beach, VA 23471 Office: (757) 464-1004 Fax: (757) 282-2693 vaturf@verizon.net PUBLISHED BY Leading Edge Communications, LLC 206 Bridge Street Franklin, Tennessee 37064 (615) 790-3718 Fax: (615) 794-4524 Email: info@leadingedgecommunications.com EDITOR Mark Vaughn, CGCS VTC OFFICERS President Fredrick Biggers, CGCS Wintergreen Resort (434) 325-8252 Vice President Rick Owens, CGCS Laurel Hill Golf Club (703) 674-6934 Treasurer Scott Woodward Woodward Turf Farms (540) 727-0020 Past President Frank Flannagan msg1sg@verizon.net (804) 356-1535 VTC DIRECTORS Tony Montgomery Marc Petrus Jesse Pritchard Christian Sain Michael Skelton Rick Viancour, CGCS Jimmy Viars, CGM ­ VTC ADVISORY MEMBERS OF THE BOARD Mike Goatley, Ph.D. (Chair) Shawn Askew, Ph.D. Jeffrey Derr, Ph.D. Erik Ervin, Ph.D. David McCall EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR/ DIRECTOR OF PROGRAMS Tom Tracy, Ph.D. (757) 464-1004 VIRGINIA TURFGRASS FOUNDATION Betty Parker (757) 574-9061

Journal of the Virginia Turfgrass Council

|7

Director’s Corner

Tom Tracy, Ph.D. VTC Executive Director

THANKS TO OUR SPONSORS! Double Eagle

TurfBreeze Fans/SubAir Systems

Eagle

We Played and

Raised $8,000 for Turfgrass Research

The

2015 Virginia Turfgrass Foundation’s Research Golf Tournament raised $8,000 for turfgrass research!

This event, held at Wintergreen’s Devil’s Knob on September 14, not only supported Virginia Tech, but also the course gave participants a taste of “mountain golf.” Brisk winds and low temperatures had more than one golfer looking to purchase long pants from the pro shop, and super-fast greens kept errant balls moving. Spectacular vistas kept everyone in awe at the beauty of the region. Many thanks to Fred Biggers and Wallace Haskins (superintendent of the Devils Knob Course) for providing a fantastic venue, for having the course in unprecedented condition and for generously giving his time and talents to raise funds for critical research.

Although the entire turfgrass industry is the biggest winner of the tournament, here are folks who won specific items and took home a little more than a good feeling in their hearts. Gil Grattan’s Virginia Green team had the lowest gross score. Congratulate team members Gil Grattan, Jeff Cartwright, Brian Vincel and Brad Ferguson on their accomplishment!

Harrell’s team of Chip Bass, Curtis Buxton, Patrick Franklin and Ken Ferguson was on Virginia Green’s heels and won with the lowest net score. Closest to the Pin contests were won by Chris Amos, Bill Antone, Ken Ferguson, Larry Estep and Curtis Buxton. The two Long Drive contests were won by Harrison Fowler and Brad Ferguson.

Next year’s Research Golf Tournament is also scheduled to be held at Devil’s Knob during the middle of September. Make plans now to attend.

And don’t forget to pack a pair of long pants! c 8 | VIRGINIA TURFGRASS JOURNAL November/December 2015 www.vaturf.org

BASF Harrell’s

Birdie

Air2G2 Davisson Golf Genesis Turfgrass Helena Innovative Turf Services John Deere Landscapes Landscape Supply Luck EcoSystems Pennington Seed Revels Tractor Smith Turf & Irrigation Syngenta Trinity Turf Virginia Green Woodward Turf

Club

Goodyear Country Club Shenandoah Valley Turfgrass Assn.

Pro Players Riverside Turf

Lunch

Bayer Environmental Science

Dinner

Southern States

Beverage Cart Buy Sod, Inc.

In Memoriam

In Tribute to

KEITH ALLEN HAPP October 7, 1957 – October 27, 2015

By Jason M. Hurwitz, Fox Chapel Golf Club, Pittsburgh, PA

K

eith A. Happ, former USGA Green Section agronomist for the Mid-Atlantic region, passed to the fields of turf eternal in late October. Together, we mourn the loss of a friend, mentor and leader — a man of character and integrity.

Keith grew up in northeast Ohio and began his career ascending to golf course superintendent at Legend Lake Golf Course in Chardon, OH. His hard work and dedication drove him to participate in the industry, serving on the board of directors for the Northern Ohio Superintendents Association and the GCSAA Public Relations Committee. His tenure as superintendent culminated with the achievement of Certified Golf Course Superintendent status. Following his eighth year in that role, Keith enlisted in graduate studies at the Ohio State University while continuing his passion for turfgrass management, working on the grounds crew at Double Eagle Golf Club. With a B.S. in Agronomy in hand, Keith’s mastery of the trade, keen ability to communicate effectively and tireless work ethic deservedly earned him the role to which he dedicated the subsequent 22 years of his career. Keith joined the USGA Green Section on January 4, 1993, and immediately began to forge the strong personal and professional bonds that endear him to us all.

Keith served the majority of his USGA career as Green Section agronomist in the Mid-Atlantic region.

He dedicated himself to the turf industry and left indelible impressions throughout. It was in this service that Keith felt most rewarded. Whether working late hours at a championship venue or volunteering personal time to a local ball field, his passion for the turf industry and his love for the game of golf were undeniable. Never resigned to defeat and always willing to help, Keith was a partner through the annual victories and defeats ever present in this industry.

Though always armed with solutions, Keith knew when to listen and when to act. In this manner, he mentored all. Whether with someone 10 years his senior or a first-year turf manager, Keith taught all in his presence with a tact that earned trust and cemented his reputation. This skill enabled him the opportunity to influence countless careers; whether via turf consul-

tations or whether via recommendation at selection committee meetings, he facilitated many. One of Keith’s closest peers recently summarized this well when he described Keith as the “parent of his career.”

Keith Happ challenged life with vigor and passion.

The Happ family has asked that anyone touched by Keith, honor him in the good work you perform. Pour vigor and passion into your work, and Keith will surely be smiling. In his final lesson to the industry, he taught us that professionalism and passion are boundless.

Keith requested all who cared for him to remain celebratory. Knowing this was a difficult request, Keith arranged for a 21-club salute. Enacted on the grounds of Scioto Country Club, Keith’s memorial was a moment of triumph. On a sunny, crisp yet warm fall afternoon in November, one in which he no doubt would have reveled, 21 of Keith’s closest friends and family together launched 21 golf balls forth, skyward toward turf eternal.

In doing so, everyone in attendance celebrated that which Keith knew — life is enjoyed one moment at a time, and love is universal. And for that, we are all indebted to Keith. We miss you, Keith. c Journal of the Virginia Turfgrass Council

|9

VTF Report

2 3 1

4

VIRGINIA TECH FIELD DAYS in Blacksburg Were Great!

This

year’s VT Field Days were held on August 25–26. The weather once again cooperated with blue skies and 73 degrees. How do these guys get so lucky year after year? In a word, it was picture perfect, and those in attendance were rewarded by being entertained and informed by simply the greatest turf team on this earth. If you haven’t attended one of these Field Day events at Virginia Tech or Virginia Beach, you’re missing out on a great venue for rubbing elbows with your colleagues and some of the best minds in the industry. Put these dates on your calendar: June 21, 2016, at HRAREC in Virginia Beach, VA July 19–20, 2016, in Blacksburg, VA This year’s VT Blacksburg Field Days began with classroom sessions atop Lane stadium. We had great views of the football field, which was in pristine shape in anticipation of the Ohio State Game being played on Labor Day. Dr. Shawn Askew and Pat Hipkins gave short tours around the stadium, discussing pesticide use and weed control in turfgrasses.

That evening, we were guests of Dr. Mike Goatley and his wife Lisa for their annual Suds & Spuds Social.

This was a wonderful opportunity to get one-on-one

Betty Parker VTF Manager

answers to turfgrass questions from both colleagues and the turf team. I was particularly alerted to all the fun shirts, advertising certain companies and disciplines within the turf industry.

On Wednesday, the day began at the Glade Road Research Center. Several stations were set up to rotate attendees within common sectors of the turfgrass industry to various research sites. A demonstration of the use of drones in addressing problems in turfgrass maintenance was presented by Seespan. Dave McCall gave an impassioned plea for the $90,000 he would need to do the research driven by this technology, with promises of naming his next child after the donor. (Disclaimer: I think he was joking, but he does need the money).

After a hearty lunch, afternoon field sessions were held at the VT Research Center on Southgate Road.

Dr. Mike Goatley, clad in burnt orange pants and a Chicago maroon shirt, looked dashing as he emceed the slate of speakers during lunch. Several vendors were present to display their latest and greatest products, and we thank all them for participating in Field Days 2015.

If you missed it, mark your calendar for next year. If you were present, please encourage others to join you next year! c

10 | VIRGINIA TURFGRASS JOURNAL November/December 2015 www.vaturf.org

Photo 1. Tuesday tour of Lane Stadium.

(Photo by Betty Parker)

Photo 2. Dr. Shawn Askew and his daughter at Tuesday evening’s Suds & Spuds Social at the Goatley’s home.

(Photo by Betty Parker)

5

Photo 3. David McCall’s demonstration drone for addressing problems in turfgrass maintenance.

(Photo by Tony Montgomery)

6

Photo 4. Wednesday morning, at the Glade Road Research Center.

(Photo by Tony Montgomery)

Photo 5. Wednesday morning, at the Glade Road Research Center.

7

(Photo by Tony Montgomery)

8

Photo 6. Wednesday’s Field Day luncheon. (Photo by Tony Montgomery) Photo 7. Dr. Mike Goatley, addressing attendees. (Photo by Tony Montgomery) Photo 8. Dr. Tom Tracy (VTC Executive Director, left), talking with Dr. Jeff Derr.

(Photo by Tony Montgomery)

THANK YOU! Landscape Supply. (Photo by Tony Montgomery)

Magic Deicing. (Photo by Tony Montgomery)

Thank You to Our Exhibitors and Sponsors • Harmon Turf • Landscape Supply • Magic Deicing • PBI Gordon • Pennington Seed

Smith Turf & Irrigation. (Photo by Betty Parker)

Pennington Seed. (Photo by Betty Parker)

• Quali-Pro • Sod Solutions • Smith Turf & Irrigation • Syngenta • T urfgrass Water Conservation Alliance • Woodward Turf

Journal of the Virginia Turfgrass Council

| 11

Upcoming Event

Sneak Preview of the First Annual

MID-ATLANTIC TURFGRASS EXPO (M-A-T-E) …Growing For Our Future

January 25–28, 2016 • Fredericksburg, VA • Fredericksburg Conference & Expo Center

The

Maryland Turfgrass Council and Virginia Turfgrass Council are excited and proud to invite you to the organization’s first annual combined conference — the Mid-Atlantic Turfgrass Expo (M-A-T-E) — slated for January 25–28. And for the first time ever in the history of either council, all profits from the event will be given to the turfgrass research projects at Virginia Tech and the University of Maryland!

Dress for both the educational sessions and the Expo is business casual.

Monday, January 25 Management Session 8:00 a.m. – 11:30 a.m.

Turfgrass 101 Mike Goatley, Ph.D., Virginia Tech, and Tom Turner, Ph.D., University of MD

Golf Course Session

8:00 a.m. – 12:00 p.m. (noon) Turfgrass Pathology Seminar Dr. Joseph Roberts, University of MD; Dr. Lee Miller, University of Missouri; and David McCall, Virginia Tech

Lunch

(included with M-A-T-E registration) 11:30 a.m. – 1:00 p.m.

Sponsored by Helena

Concurrent Afternoon Sessions 1:00 p.m. – 5:00 p.m.

Golf Session The Art of Communication Dean Graves, CGCS, Chevy Chase C.C. sing the National Turfgrass U Evaluation Program for Selecting Grasses for Golf Course Use Kevin Morris, National Turfgrass Evaluation Program (NTEP)

For up-to-the-minute updates and to register online, visit www.turfconference.org

he Perils of Pond Scum: T How a Simple Aeration System Snuffs Out Stagnation and Delivers Beautiful Ponds Sandra Burton, Linne Industries peration Pollinator O Frank Wong, Ph.D., Bayer

Lawn/Landscape Session Presented by Lawn & Landscape magazine

I mplementing Technology to Improve Your Sales and Productivity Matt and Chris Noon, Noon Turf Care In the competitive suburban Boston market, Noon Turf Care has managed to grow into a multimillion-dollar company, thanks to how it has harnessed technology to streamline its production and sales efforts. The Noons will coach LCOs and other landscapers on how they can implement simple technologies to make their operations more productive and profitable. aking Advantage of the T Outdoor Living Movement Bruce Allentuck, Allentuck Landscaping Bruce is the CEO of an awardwinning landscape construction company that has been installing outstanding jobs for decades. He’ll

12 | VIRGINIA TURFGRASS JOURNAL November/December 2015 www.vaturf.org

share how landscapers can enter the thriving design/build market or take their company to the next level. abor and Recruiting Strategies L for 2016 Kory Beilder, Ruppert Landscaping Kory is the senior employeedevelopment manager at Ruppert Landscape, a $110 million company with locations across the Eastern Seaboard and 1,050 employees. He’s a frequent contributor to Lawn & Landscape, where he writes about how landscapers can improve their recruiting and retention, and he offers specific strategies on how they can find the best employees.

State of the Industry Research Chuck Bowen, Lawn & Landscape magazine

Sports Turf Session sing the National Turfgrass U Evaluation Program for Selecting Grasses for Athletic Fields Kevin Morris, National Turfgrass Evaluation Program (NTEP) raze Mowing and F Spring Dead Spot Dr. Lee Miller, University of Missouri

I nnovation and Technology for Natural Grass Fields Jerad Minnick, Growing Innovations

Sod Session eed Control Issues W in Sod Production Dr. Shawn Askew, Virginia Tech Sod Certification Dale Morris, MDA/T&S, and Tom Hardiman, Virginia Crop Improvement Association

Tuesday, January 26 VTC General Session 8:00 a.m. – 10:45 a.m.

elcome by W Bill Warpinski, MTC President, and Fred Biggers, CGCS, VTC President eynote Address #1 — K Appreciation: The Key to Success Dean Graves, CGCS, Chevy Chase C.C. MTC Business Meeting eynote Address #2 — K Grass Can Take More Jerad Minnick, Growing Innovations VTC Business Meeting

Mechanics Serminar – Day 1 Expanded to two days this year! (see page 14)

Concurrent Morning Sessions 10:50 a.m. – 12:30 p.m.

Golf Session USGA Update Darin Bevard, Director Championship Agronomy, and Elliott Dowling, Agronomist

Lawn Care Session eed-Management Strategies W for Low-Input Turf Dr. Shawn Askew, Virginia Tech rganic Options for Use O in Lawn Maintenance Dr. Tom Turner, University of MD nnual Grass Control Update for A Ornamental Beds and Turfgrass Dr. Jeff Derr, Virginia Tech

Sports Turf Session erformance of Bermudagrass P Versus Synthetic Turf: What Does the Research Say? Adam Thoms, Univ. of Tennessee Center for Athletic Field Safety trategies for Cooling S Synthetic Sports Fields Adam Thoms, Univ. of Tennessee Center for Athletic Field Safety

Sod Session Sod Heating Trial Dr. Mike Goatley, Virginia Tech Crop Rotation in Sod Production Dr. Bob Kratochvil, University of MD; John Brader, Landmark Seeds; and Bill Warpinski, Central Sod Farms

Golf Research Updates Creeping Bentgrass Cultivars Dr. Erik Ervin, Virginia Tech Poa Seedhead Suppression Dr. Shawn Askew, Virginia Tech Special Delivery: Fungicide Application Strategies for Improving Control of Turf Diseases Dr. Joe Roberts, University of MD pplying Remote Sensing A to the Golf Course David McCall, Virginia Tech

Lawn/Landscape Research Updates rganic Disease Control Methods O for Managing Lawns in the Transition Zone Dr. Joe Roberts, University of MD urfgrass-Management Practices T That Reduce Pollinator Problems Dr. Kevin Mathias, Univ. of MD Pylex Herbicide Update Dr. Shawn Askew, Virginia Tech ompost and Microclover C Inclusion in Lawns Dr. Mark Carroll, Univ. of MD

Tradeshow and Lunch

eed-Management Strategies W for Low-Input Turf Dr. Shawn Askew, Virginia Tech

10:00 a.m. – 2:00 p.m.

All on the Tradeshow Floor.

Low-Input Turfgrass Management Dr. Tom Turner, Univ. of MD

2:00 p.m. – 5:00 p.m.

Lunch and Tradeshow — Please visit with our exhibitors!

12:30 p.m. – 6:00 p.m.

Corn Hole Contest and Reception on Tradeshow Floor 5:30 p.m. – 7:30 p.m.

Wednesday, January 28 Fellowship Breakfast 7:00 a.m. – 8:00 a.m.

Mechanics Seminar – Day 2 (see page 14)

Concurrent Morning Sessions 8:00 a.m. – 10:00 a.m.

Sod Growers Meeting

Thursday, January 28 Pesticide Recertification 8:00 a.m. – 4:00 p.m.

Fertilizer Recertification

8:00 a.m. – 12:00 p.m. (noon)

Virginia Certified Fertilizer Applicator Training and Examination 9:00 a.m. – 3:30 p.m.

Initial Pesticide Review of Core and Offering of Pesticide Exams for Virginia

8:00 a.m. – 4:00 p.m.

(You must bring an approval letter from VDACS. We are seeking to add MD.) Journal of the Virginia Turfgrass Council

| 13

Upcoming Event continued

Don’t Miss the

Mechanic’s Seminar During the

MID-ATLANTIC TURFGRASS EXPO January 26–27, 2016 Tuesday, January 26 Morning Session

eneral Session and G Small Engines

Lunch

I ncluded with Registration

Afternoon

isit the M-A-T-E V Tradeshow

Wednesday, January 27

Registration Details

Morning Session

Only $70

Late Morning

$95

Lunch

Register online at

Tier 4 Diesel Engines isit the M-A-T-E V Tradeshow I ncluded with Registration

Afternoon Session

andscape Equipment L Maintenance

14 | VIRGINIA TURFGRASS JOURNAL November/December 2015 www.vaturf.org

for VTC and MTC Members for Non-Members (Fees increase after January 10.)

www.turfconference.org or use the registration form on the next page.

Registration Form

MID-ATLANTIC TURFGRASS EXPO (M-A-T-E) January 25–28, 2016 • Fredericksburg, VA • Fredericksburg Conference & Expo Center Program and lodging information: www.turfconference.org Full Name:____________________________________________ (First name for badge):_ _______________________________ Company/Organization:_____________________________________________________________________________________ Preferred Mailing Address:___________________________________________________________________________________ City:__________________________________________________ State:______________ Zip/Postal Code:___________________ Telephone:(______)____________________________________ Fax:(______)_ ________________________________________ Email:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________ CONFERENCE FEES (POSTMARKED BY JANUARY 10; Prices increase after that date.)

1. R egistration Fees

MTC OR VTC MEMBER MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY Member Rate Non-Member Rate One Day $90 $125 Two Days $170 $205 Three Days $250 $285 Mechanic’s Seminar ONLY $70 $95 THURSDAY

FREE

$60

WHEN ARE YOU ATTENDING? Circle the day(s).

Monday; Tuesday; Wednesday; Mechanics Seminar; Thursday COST:

$__________________________

2. A ttend Trade Show ONLY ($20 per Day, includes Lunch and Tuesday Reception) WHEN ARE YOU ATTENDING? Circle the day(s): Tuesday or Wednesday

$__________________________

3. JOIN OR RENEW YOUR MEMBERSHIP

$__________________________

VTC Regular Membership (January 1 – December 31) $75 MTC Regular Membership (February 1 – January 31) $50 Further membership options at http://turfconference.org/registration.html

Total Enclosed $__________________________

Cancellations/Changes and Refunds:

Fees for missed meals, late arrivals and early departures will not be refunded. Fees will be refunded, less a $20.00 processing fee, if cancellation or change resulting in a refund is received in writing no later than January 10, 2016. After that date, fees are non-refundable. All refunds will be processed after the conference. Substitutions are allowed at no charge.

PAYMENT METHOD: Check to: Mid-Atlantic Turfgrass Expo (or MATE). Registration confirmation/receipt will be mailed.

Please check appropriate box: Check AMEX VISA MasterCard Card #:_______________________________________________ Print Cardholder Name:_______________________________ Card Security Code Number:____________________________ Expiration Date:_ _____________________________________ Please mail, fax, or scan and email completed registration form with payment to: M-A-T-E P.O. Box 5989 Virginia Beach, VA 23471

Phone: (757) 464-1004 FAX: (757) 282-2693 Email: vaturf@verizon.net Journal of the Virginia Turfgrass Council

| 15

Cover Story

Encroachment of Annual Grass into Turf —Basic Turf Management Is Still the Key

A

nnual grass encroachment into turfgrass continues to be one of the major problems affecting turfgrass managers in the MidAtlantic region. In the last 30 years, much research has been conducted to investigate the efficacy of pre- and post-emergence herbicidal control programs for crabgrass, goosegrass and foxtails. Excellent control (95% or better) has been achieved through proper use of annual grass herbicides, and they continue to be an important, and often necessary, tool for professional turfgrass managers. However,

By Tom Turner, Ph.D., University of Maryland attention to basic turfgrass management can often greatly minimize potential annual grass problems and thus reduce the need for and the frequency of herbicide applications.

Annual grass encroachment into turfgrass is primarily a function of turfgrass density. The denser the turf, the more difficult it is for germinating annual grass plants to survive. Any practice that maximizes turfgrass density will greatly diminish the degree of annual grass encroachment. It should be noted that the encroachment of annual grasses and broadleaf weeds is not just

16 | VIRGINIA TURFGRASS JOURNAL November/December 2015 www.vaturf.org

an aesthetic issue: as these weeds die back after the first frost of the year, substantial soil is exposed that is more prone to water runoff and soil erosion.

Following are some recent trials at the University of Maryland Paint Branch Turfgrass Research Facility that demonstrate the importance of basic turfgrass-management practices in reducing annual grass problems.

Turfgrass species and cultivar selection

Selecting the proper turfgrass species for a specific use and choosing culti-

vars of the desired species that are adapted to the difficult climatic conditions in the Mid-Atlantic region are crucial for the obtaining the long-term turfgrass density that will minimize annual grass encroachment. Extensive cultivar testing has been an important part of the Maryland research program for the last 25 years. Cultivar trials for turf-type tall fescue, Kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, fine fescues, bentgrasses, zoysiagrass and bermudagrass are currently ongoing. These include National Turfgrass Evaluation Program Trials (NTEP), joint trials with Va. Tech and trials for individual seed companies and turfgrass breeders.

Currently, approximately a total of 675 cultivars of these species are being evaluated at the University of Maryland.

The results from these trials are used to develop recommended cultivar lists that are published annually as University of Maryland Turfgrass Technical Update #77.

In addition, trials are conducted periodically comparing recommended University of Maryland turfgrass mixtures with mixtures being sold commercially at the retail level for homeowners. The degree of annual grass encroachment as a percentage of plot area covered by some of these mixtures is shown in Table 1. No annual grass herbicides had been applied for two years prior to the data collection. Plots were maintained at a mowing height of 3 inches and received 2.5 lbs. N/1,000 ft2 annually. It is clear that using recommended mixtures can greatly reduce the encroachment of annual grasses into existing turf.

Nitrogen fertility

Proper nitrogen (N) fertility is crucial in maintaining the turfgrass density required to minimize annual grass encroachment. In 2010, a fertility study was initiated to compare N fertilizer sources and N rates on turf-type tall fescue performance. The plots have been maintained at a mowing height of 3 inches, and no annual grass herbicides have been applied since 2010.

Applying no N fertilizer resulted in almost total dominance of weeds (Table 2 and 3). Very little weed

Table 1. Annual grass encroachment into University of Maryland recommended turfgrass mixtures* vs. commercially sold non-recommended mixtures.

Seed Mixture Name

Species

Cultivars

Annual Grass Encroachment % of seed mixture

% cover

25% 25% 25% 25%

3%

Univ. of MD Recommended Tall Fescue

Turf-type tall fescue

Davinci* Picasso* Rembrandt* Masterpiece*

Univ. of MD Recommended Tall Fescue

Turf-type tall fescue

Justice* Rebel Exeda* Penn 1901*

49% 29% 20%

8%

Sunny Mix

Turf-type tall fescue Turf-type tall fescue Red fescue

Reserve Starfire Boreal

53% 34% 10%

25%

Contractor’s All Purpose

Italian ryegrass Red fescue Perennial ryegrass Kentucky bluegrass

Panterra Bargena III Prelude IV Clearwater

40% 29% 18% 9%

53%

Kentucky 31 Fescue

Tall fescue

Kentucky 31

95%

50%

Sun and Shade

Perennial ryegrass Perennial ryegrass Red fescue Kentucky bluegrass

Majesty* Splendid Crossbow Abbey

30% 20% 25% 25%

47%

* Cultivars with an asterisk were on the Maryland recommended list at the time these plots were established in fall 2008.

Table 2. Effect of N source on annual grass and total weed coverage in turf-type tall fescue.

N Source

N Rate

Total Weed Coverage*

Annual Grass Coverage+ % Coverage

Lbs. N/1,000 Annually

ft2

2011

2012

2014

2014

Control

0

39%

78%

60%

88%

Urea

3

0%

1%

1%

4%

Sulfur-coated urea

3

1%

3%

15%

20%

Milorganite

3

6%

23%

34%

39%

Organic

3

1%

12%

28%

34%

* Combination of annual grass and broadleaf weed coverage. + No annual grass herbicides applied since 2010.

encroachment occurred on urea treated plots at the 3 lbs. N/1,000 ft2 annual rate. While a rate of 2 lbs. N/ 1,000 ft2 annual rate reduced annual grass encroachment significantly the first 3 years, encroachment became substantial in 2014. On this site, the 1.0 lb. N/1,000 ft2 annual rate resulted in insufficient density to compete against annual grasses as early as 2012.

The annual grass pressure was exceptionally high at this site. On sites with better soils and less intense weed pressure, results for sulfur-coated urea, Milorganite and the organic fertilizer would be expected to be substantially better. Also, it is likely that the 2.0 lbs.

N/1,000 ft2 annual rate would have been sufficient to successfully compete against annual grasses.

Journal of the Virginia Turfgrass Council

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Turf-type tall fescue fertilized with urea at 3.0 lbs.

N/1,000 ft2 (photo taken October 2014).

Unfertilized turf-type tall fescue (October 2014).

The key to N fertilization is obtaining the proper balance of N rates and application timing that promote adequate turfgrass density (which helps minimize annual grass encroachment and enhances water infiltration into soil), without resulting in excess N that can leach. The vast majority of research indicates that this balance can be reached following current fertilizer recommendations.

Mowing height

Mowing height has a critical impact on the ability of turf to compete against weed encroachment. In a demonstration study initiated in late spring 2013, four mowing height treatments were started on an established stand of turftype tall fescue, where annual grass pressure is very intense. By fall 2013, the effects of mowing height on annual grass encroachment were dramatic, with substantial increases of annual grasses as the mowing height decreased.

By late summer 2014, plots mowed at 1 inch were exhibiting 85% coverage by annual grasses versus only about 1% on plots mowed at 4 inches (Table 4).

Mowing turf-type tall fescue lawns at a height of 3 to 4 inches can have dramatic impacts on weed encroachment and should also help minimize water runoff and maximize water infiltration.

Summary

While the need for annual grass herbicides for lawn management in the MidAtlantic region may never be entirely eliminated, the proper selection of turfgrass species and cultivar selection, proper N fertility and good mowing practices can go a long way in reducing their overall use. Basic turfgrass management is the key. c 18 | VIRGINIA TURFGRASS JOURNAL November/December 2015 www.vaturf.org

Turf-type tall fescue mowed at 4 inches (October 2014).

Turf-type tall fescue mowed at 1 inch (October 2014).

Table 3. Effect of N rate and N source on annual grass and total weed coverage.

N Source

N Rate

Total Weed Coverage*

Annual Grass Coverage+ % Coverage

Control Urea Sulfur-coated urea Organic

Lbs. N/1,000 ft2 Annually 0 3 1 2 3 1 2 3

2011

2012

2014

2014

39% 0% 10% 3% 1% 18% 14% 1%

78% 1% 33% 12% 3% 32% 19% 12%

60% 1% 45% 34% 15% 48% 37% 28%

88% 4% 61% 43% 20% 66% 47% 34%

Table 4. The effect of mowing height on annual grass encroachment in turf-type tall fescue (no annual grass herbicides applied).

Mowing Height

Annual Grass Coverage % coverage (July 23, 2014)

1 inch

85%

2 inch

45%

3 inch

10%

4 inch

1%

* Combination of annual grass and broadleaf weed coverage. + No annual grass herbicides applied since 2010.

Journal of the Virginia Turfgrass Council

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Feature Story

Making Low-Cost

BUNKER SANDS Work

CAREFUL EXAMINATION OF LOCAL BUNKER SANDS MAY REAP BIG SAVINGS.

By Chris Hartwiger, Senior Agronomist, USGA Southeast Region

M

aintaining quality at a lower cost has been the mantra of many golf facilities over the last several years as they have wrestled with difficult economic conditions.

However, putting into practice what sounds good in theory can be a difficult task. Nowhere is this better illustrated than in the short-term and long-term management of bunkers. Golfers are quick to express their opinion about what they do or do not like about bunkers, and there may not be anything more divisive on the golf course than the topic of bunker sand. It seems that often the “best� sand is at a sand plant hundreds of miles away with a nearly cost-prohibitive price tag. Some courses literally have shipped bunker sand halfway across the country in pursuit of perfect, consistent bunkers,

while others have avoided sand replacement completely due to cost.

Are the best bunker sands really halfway across the U.S., or are there local sands that can be used successfully in bunkers at a fraction of the cost? The purpose of this article is to review this question and equip decision-makers with the tools to select bunker sands that will work successfully at their golf course.

Economic issues with bunker sand

Sand is heavy and needed in mass quantities. The number-one economic issue plaguing the market for bunker sand is shipping cost. When fuel prices rise, shipping costs can skyrocket and sometimes can be equal to or greater

20 | VIRGINIA TURFGRASS JOURNAL November/December 2015 www.vaturf.org

Journal of the Virginia Turfgrass Council

| 21

Feature Story continued

than the cost of the sand itself. To make matters worse, there is a trend in the industry to purchase sands outside the local market, and therefore, the shipping cost ends up becoming a disproportionate share of the cost. In extreme cases, golf facilities are spending more than $100 per ton for sand, plus shipping costs, to have sand sent long distances.

At the core of many of these expensive sand purchases is a presupposition that local sands are either not available or not as good as nationally or regionally popular sands. In an era when the economics of golf are not favorable, close examination of local sands may be a wise financial move for golf facilities that need to replace sand in bunkers.

Solutions

Below are seven steps to help make a lower-cost local bunker sand work successfully on your golf course.

Step 1: Understand the characteristics of an acceptable bunker sand.

There is no ideal bunker sand, but there are many acceptable bunker sands. The perception of the playing quality of acceptable bunker sands will vary from golfer to golfer, and those perceptions are subject to change, as any given sand cycles from wet to dry in response to normal rainfall patterns.

The USGA has provided a bunker sand selection guide (“How to Select the Best Sand for Your Bunkers”) that provides seven criteria for evaluation.

This article is educational and is worthy of study, but be forewarned that ultimately selecting the best sand for your course is highly subjective, much like deciding on the flavor of ice cream to buy at a gourmet ice cream store.

The flavors are all good, but your favorite might not be the same as mine.

Scientists have not had success in identifying a physical property or combination of properties that predict sand firmness, often one of the most discussed attributes. The USGA article “Physical Analysis of Sands for Bunker Use” will be helpful in understanding the challenges in sand selection.

Step 2: Reeducate golfers on the role of bunkers.

Although golfers may criticize the playing quality of the sand or lament an unfortunate lie in a bunker, the Rules of Golf have been consistent that a bunker is defined as a hazard.

As a result, one can conclude that a hazard is an area that a golfer wants to avoid. Nevertheless, there is a view held by many golfers that this specific hazard should be maintained in a way that is minimally hazardous to one’s score. An effort to reeducate golfers on the role of bunkers on a golf course is advised. Support in this area is available from your regional USGA Green Section agronomist.

Step 3: Request and examine samples from local sand companies.

Armed with a better understanding of the criteria used to select an acceptable bunker sand, contact local sand companies to see if they have a sand that might be appropriate for bunkers. It is possible that a local sand company will have no knowledge about sands suitable for golf course bunkers, but you can provide some basic information. The following quote from the previously referenced article, “How to Select the Best Sand for Your Bunkers,” should be helpful to the sand company: As a general guideline, a sand used in bunkers should be composed of particles with a large majority in the range of 0.25–1.00mm. Silt and clay (particles below 0.05mm) should be kept to a minimum, since they are associated with surface crusting.

Note that this size range should be utilized only as a first step in determining whether the sand is likely to be acceptable overall. In other words, it is unlikely that a sand that falls significantly outside this range will perform well in terms of crusting, hardness, porosity and/or playing quality. On the other hand, it would be a mistake to assume that a sand will be appropriate for bunker use simply because it falls within this particle size range. For example, depending on particle shape, some sands that fall in this range would

22 | VIRGINIA TURFGRASS JOURNAL November/December 2015 www.vaturf.org

be considered too firm or too soft for play. Since particle size screening is a simple, inexpensive test that is performed by most sand suppliers, it is the best first step in determining if the sand is worthy of further testing.

Step 4: Use an accredited physical soil-testing laboratory.

There are numerous accredited physical soil testing laboratories that will conduct bunker sand evaluation and provide a report detailing particle size, shape, penetrometer value, crusting potential, infiltration rate and chemical hardness and reaction. Preliminary samples that are obtained from local sand companies should be submitted for evaluation by the lab.

Step 5: Install a test bunker.

Assuming that lab reports confirm there are acceptable sands from local companies, install a test bunker. Ideally, this bunker will be at the practice facility, and it can be divided into several sections to evaluate multiple sands. Let the sand settle for several weeks or more, and then encourage golfers to evaluate the playing quality of the different sands. Seek their opinions. Ask decision-makers if one of these sands would be acceptable.

Compare the cost of local sands with popular sands that must be shipped long distances.

Step 6: Bunker management.

One might think the process is over, but the way that the bunker is managed does have an impact on playing quality.

Some sands are firmer, and some are softer. If a sand is prone to becoming soft, particularly under dry conditions, avoid the use of scarifying tines on the mechanical rake. Try to use leaf rakes or other rakes that only groom the surface. Try not to rake the faces in order to promote maximum crusting and stability. Rollers or squeegees can be used instead. If the sand is prone to firmness, use a technique that stirs the sand several inches down to prevent the bunkers from becoming too firm.

Local sand plants may be an option in your area. Be sure to know the general requirements of a bunker sand. Send any test samples to an accredited physical soil-testing laboratory for analysis.

Whether the sand is expensive or not, golfers must still confront the challenge of playing from a hazard.

Step 7: Player development.

The skill of the golfer is an oftenoverlooked component of the perception of a bunker sand. Ironically, improving the skill of the golfer will improve his or her perception of the playing quality of the sand. This is an ideal opportunity for the local PGA golf professional to help golfers improve by teaching them proper bunker technique and making sure they are equipped with the proper equipment for the type of shot being played.

Conclusion

Controlling costs is as important as ever. While there are popular sands in most areas of the country, shipping costs may put them out of reach for many facilities. Fortunately, with some basic education on bunker sand, buyers can be equipped to more closely investigate local options. It may be an education that pays off quickly. c Editor’s note: This article is reprinted from the November 15, 2013, Vol. 51 (23) of the USGA Green Section Record. Copyright United States Golf Association. All rights reserved.

Journal of the Virginia Turfgrass Council

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Industry News

JOHN DEERE LANDSCAPES

Unveils New Name as SITEONE LANDSCAPE SUPPLY

As

of October 19, John Deere Landscapes will be now known as SiteOne Landscape Supply. The new brand

represents the next step for SiteOne as an independent company after its acquisition by Clayton, Dubilier & Rice in December 2013. With more

than 460 locations in the U.S. and Canada, SiteOne is the largest wholesale distributor of landscape supplies for green-industry professionals in North America. The company offers irrigation supplies, fertilizer and control products, landscape accessories, nursery goods, hardscapes and outdoor lighting, along with a broad array of services designed to help greenindustry professionals operate and grow their businesses. SiteOne formally introduced customers to the new brand at the GIE-EXPO in Louisville, KY in October.

“As a market leader, our vision is to make our customers the most successful landscaping professional in the green industry — and that’s what our new brand represents,” said Doug Black, SiteOne’s chief executive officer.

“We have over 2,500 passionate and knowledgeable associates across North America, all focused on the success of our customers. The new brand reflects our unique position as the only national full-line provider of landscaping

DAVID BRADLEY,

NCCTP and TCNC Board Member, JOINS THE TURFGRASS GROUP

A

fter garnering 25 years of turfgrass and sod-production experience at Turf Mountain Sod in Hendersonville, NC, David Bradley has now joined The Turfgrass Group.

“We are thrilled to welcome such a knowledgeable, well-respected professional to our company,” said Aaron McWhorter, co-owner of The Turfgrass Group with Ken Morrow. “Through devoting most of his career to helping

build and manage a successful sodproduction operation, David knows just about every aspect of what our producers deal with on a day-to-day basis — equipment, fertilizers, pesticides, labor, trucking, logistics, sales and marketing. Like us, David does ‘farm speak’ because he’s been a farmer for so long. It’s simply who he is.”

A former president of the North Carolina Sod Producers Association, Bradley currently serves as a board member of the North Carolina Turfgrass Council and as president of the Western Carolina Horticulture Alliance. He holds a commercial pesticide license and a CDL with hazardous

24 | VIRGINIA TURFGRASS JOURNAL November/December 2015 www.vaturf.org

material endorsement. Bradley is also a North Carolina Certified Turfgrass Professional and a North Carolina Licensed Landscape Contractor.

“David is a dedicated, relationshipdriven person with a positive attitude and a servant’s heart,” said Bill Carraway, vice president of marketing for The Turfgrass Group. “With his exceptional interpersonal skills, he will focus a great deal of his time on customer care for The Turfgrass Group. We feel certain that David will quickly become an invaluable member of our team.”

Born and raised in Hendersonville, NC, Bradley is a tenth-generation

products that, along with the deep knowledge and state-of-the-art solutions we offer, will form our foundation for future growth.”

SiteOne’s tagline, “Stronger Together,” defines its partnerships with customers, associates, suppliers and communities, as well as its commitment to excellence in product offerings and service delivery. “By working together with our suppliers and customers, we can achieve great things for all stakeholders,” said Black.

The rebranding effort began shortly after the purchase of John Deere Landscapes by Clayton, Dubilier & Rice. SiteOne performed an extensive 18-month branding process, which included gathering input from associates, suppliers, customers and key stakeholders. The brand rollout will be completed by December. “We have an exciting new look, with the same exceptional associates who will continue to deliver the high-quality products and services our customers know and trust,” Black said. c

farmer. After earning the rank of Eagle Scout in 1977, he attended Appalachian State University and the University of North Carolina Asheville, where he studied marketing and management. He and his wife Linda reside in Hendersonville, NC, and have two grown children, Luke and Sara.

About The Turfgrass Group

The Turfgrass Group, founded in 1997

by Aaron McWhorter (NG Turf) and Ken Morrow (former owner of Sod Atlanta), is a Georgia-based turfgrass licensing company committed to identifying advancements in turfgrass-breeding technologies, naturalresource management and environmental stewardship. The Turfgrass Group’s licensed cultivars include TifGrand Certified Bermuda, L1F Zoysia, Zeon Zoysia, JaMur Zoysia, TifBlair Centipede and the newly released University of Georgia variety, TifTuf Certified Bermuda. For more information, visit www.theturfgrassgroup.com. c

Turfgrass Calendar

Advertisers Index

January 19–22, 2016

Agronomic Lawn Management.........26 www.fertilizewithalm.com

San Diego, CA

Ballard Sports......................................26 www.ballardsports.com/index.html

STMA Conference and Exhibition

January 25–28, 2016 Mid-Atlantic Turfgrass Expo

( a joint conference between the Maryland Turfgrass Council and Virginia Turfgrass Council) Fredericksburg Expo & Conference Center Fredericksburg, VA

February 6–11, 2016 Golf Industry Show

San Diego Convention Ctr. San Diego, CA

February 22–25, 2016 TPI International Education Conference & Field Day

(Turfgrass Producers Intl.)

Hyatt Regency Houston Houston, Texas

February 23–25, 2016

Come to the Bay! Pesticide Certification and Recertification, Fertilizer Certification and Launch of the Green Industry Team Leadership Certification

Virginia Beach Resort Hotel & Conference Center Virginia Beach, VA

March 29

Buy Sod..................... Inside Back Cover www.buysod.com Collins Wharf Sod Farm.....................18 www.collinswharfsod.com Colonial Farm Credit..........................26 www.colonialfarmcredit.com Daniel Sod Farms................................26 www.danielsodfarms.com East Coast Sod & Seed........................26 www.eastcoastsod.com Engage Agro USA.................................7 www.engageagro.com Fisher & Son Company, Inc.................3 www.fisherandson.com Home Field Fertilizer/ Meadowspring Turf Farm..................18 www.meadowspringturf.com Lebanon Turf...................... Back Cover www.lebturf.com Luck Stone Corporation....................23 www.luckstone.com

Pesticide Recertification

Modern Turf, Inc..................................7 www.modernturf.com

April 26

Progressive Turf Equipment, Inc.......19 www.progressiveturfequip.com

(Regional Seminar) Chantilly, VA

Pesticide Recertification

(Regional Seminar) Lorton, VA

May 24

Smith Seed Services............................26 www.smithseed.com

Pesticide Recertification

Smith Turf & Irrigation.................Inside Front Cover www.smithturf.com

June 14

The Turfgrass Group............................5 www.theturfgrassgroup.com

(Regional Seminar) Staunton, VA

Pesticide Recertification

(Regional Seminar) Hampton, VA

June 21

Weed Man...........................................26 www.weedmanfranchise.com

VT Field Day/ Regional Seminar

Virginia Beach, VA

Journal of the Virginia Turfgrass Council

| 25

DIGITAL

Marketplace Scan the QR code: Download your favorite QR reader to your phone and scan the code to learn more about these companies.

26 | VIRGINIA TURFGRASS JOURNAL November/December 2015 www.vaturf.org