I AM WOMAN by leighann

i AM WOMAN

I AM WOMAN “I am a woman phenomenally. Phenomenal woman, that's me.” -Maya Angelou In her 1978 poem, “Phenomenal Woman,” Maya Angelou told the story of what it was like for her to be a woman. She talked about societal expectations of beauty, attraction, self-acceptance, and empowerment. But Angelou also recognizes in the poem that there is not one way to be a woman - and that the experience of each individual woman differs. One thing Angelou made clear was that no matter how she, or anyone else, experienced womanhood, being a woman is something phenomenal. In this magazine, we would like to pay homage to women throughout history who are and were phenomenal. We would like to celebrate the women who have blazed trails, opened doors, broken boundaries, cracked the glass ceiling, and overall made a way for future women to have a place and a voice in society. We would also like to recognize that being a woman, especially in the United States, has historically meant to be underestimated, undervalued and ignored, even more so for women of color and LGBTQ+ women. As students who are privileged enough to be receiving a college education, and many of whom are white, we recognize the advantages we have and want to preface this magazine by acknowledging that fact. This magazine covers only a small portion of women’s history, lives and experiences. We recognize that no magazine could ever completely capture what it is to be a woman, but it is our hope that these pages serve as a celebration of women and their accomplishment and an awareness of the struggles and hardships that women face even today.

01 | I AM WOMAN

TABLE OF CONTENTS 02

OPENiNG

WOMEN IN SPORTS

WORKING WOMEN

DEBUNKING THE MUSE

BEYOND THE BINARY

WOMEN OF COLOR

KEEPING HER SAFE

WOMEN IN LEADERSHIP

CLOSiNG

OPEN ING | 02

WOMEN iN SPORTS Babe Didrikson n Zahariass As the first woman to play in a PGA GA ted in event, in 1938 she competed the Los Angeles Open. Selected as the best female ale athlete of the first half of Steffi Graf the 20th century by Associated Press. At age 19, completed the only Golden Slam in tennis history, winning all four Grand Slam singles titles and the Olympic gold medal in the same year. She is ranked third all-time with a total of 22 Grand Slam singles titles.

Vivian Stringer inger Known for her “55” defense, with all five playerss involved in full-court pressure; first coach to take three different schools to the final four, first African-American D1 coach to reach 900 victory mark.

TITLE IX & THE LONG ROAD AHEAD FOR WOMENS COLLEGE ATHLETICS It has been almost 50 years since Title IX was passed, and while its intentions to end sex-based discrimination in education were noble, whether it has succeeded to its full extent is still up to date. These stats shown below show that while Title IX has made some big changes in the womens college athletics landscape, there is still a clear and concerning gender bias that needs to be addressed.

DiSTRiBUTiON OF FUNDiNG iN

LACK OF WOMEN IN COACHING

COLLEGE SPORTS BY GENDER

Despite all the improvements in womens college athletics over the preceding decades, one problem that only appears to be getting worse is the lack of representation for women in coaching. Title IX has had the opposite effect on womens coaching 100 that it’s had on athletics. As the jobs became higher 80 paying to work within Title IX regulations, men started 60 applying for, and taking, womens coaching jobs.

Coed Sports

36% %

Mens Sports Womens Sports

43% %

21% %

HER STORY, HER VOiCE Throughout history, women’s accomplishments have largely been overlooked and omitted from the narrative. These are the stories of women’s history. 03 | I AM WOMAN

1848:

The first women’s rights convention takes place in Seneca Falls, New York to discuss “the social, civil, and religious condition and rights of women.”

1972

1851:

1993

Sojourner Truth delivers her famous “Ain’t I a Woman?” speech at the Women's Rights Convention in Akron, Ohio.

2016

Women in sports have fought a long, uphill battle for respect that continues to this day. This spread focuses on some women trailblazers in sports as well as ongoing issues for women both in college and professional athletics.

Violet Palmer

Amélie Mauresmo

In 1997, Palmer became the first female referee for the NBA. As college basketball player, Palmer learned about refereeing games, played point guard, and served as captain for three years. Palmer worked for the NCAA, officiating in the women’s final four five times and at two NCAA championships.

Rhonda Glenn First female sports anchor to appear on ESPN and one of the first to appear on TV. Worked two years at ESPN then spent 17 years as golflf historian and manager of media operations for the US Golf Association. As a golfer, she competed in two US women’s Opens.

THE CONTiNUiNG STRUGGLE AGAiNST THE WAGE GAP

7.2 mil NBA

AVERAGE SALARY WNBA V NBA

Mauresmo became the first woman to coach a male pro tennis player, British star Andy Murray in 2015. Mauresmo took several Grand Slam titles and an Olympic medal for France during her own athletic career before coaching.

The wage gap has been a constant struggle for women in every industry, even at the very height of professional sports. Womens teams that are consistently more competitive than their male counterparts are often compensated less for doing more. Listed below are a few examples of how vast the wage gap still is even in such a high profile industry.

“THiS WAS A LiViNG EXAMPLE OF LiTERALLY KNOWiNG YOUR VALUE AND NOT BUDGiNG.” -SUE BiRD

During the 2019-2020 season, Steph Curry made more per minute on an NBA court than the average WNBA player did the entire season.

FEB. 6, 2020, ON THE NEW PAY PLAN FOR THE US WOMEN’S BASKETBALL TEAM

WNBA

80k

1855:

The Society of Female Artists is established in London, starting annual exhibitions in 1857.

1872:

The American artist Elizabeth Jane Gardner becomes the first woman to ever win a gold medal at the Paris Salon.

1900:

Women compete in the modern Olympics for the first time, albeit only in golf and tennis at the individual level.

1903:

Female workers form the National Women’s Trade Union League to help women working in terrible working conditions within factories. WOMEN IN SPORTS | 04

WORKiNG WOMEN For decades women have fought hard to have the same rights and opportunities as men. While great progress has been made, we still see clear gender inequality in our world today, especially within the workplace.

THE GENDER GAP: PAST AND PRESENT WOMEN’S EARNiNGS AS A PERCENTAGE OF MEN’S EARNiNGS Dentists

Although many occupations are female dominated, such as dentistry and veterinary, we still see men earning more than women in these fields. In 2019, women earned an average of 82 cents per dollar earned by men. While this gap has narrowed since the 1973 average of 56 cents, the fact that the gap still exists at all is enough proof that we have more work to do.

83.6 %

Veterinarians

78.6 %

Lawyers

76.7 %

Actuaries

75.5 %

Financial Managers

67 %

THE IMPACT OF EDUCATION ON THE PAY GAP Over time, the gender pay gap widens. This graph shows the discrepancy in women’s earnings compared to men’s earnings based on their education level. Generally, the pay gap increases with education level. This pay difference has long term effects on women such as their ability to have a decent retirement. Women end up having less money to invest in their 401(k) and other long-term funds.

250000 200000 150000 100000

H th ig hS G ra ch de oo So l m G ec ra du ol leg at e e, no de As gr ee so cia te de Ba gr ch ee elo r’s de M gr as ee te r’s Pr de of gr es ee sio na ld eg Do re ct e or at ed eg re e

50000

Women

To ta l

Men

300000

“WE’RE WOMEN... WE SEE THE GLASS CEILING CRACKING, BUT WE NEED TO SEE IT BROKEN.” -DR. ANGELIA RIGGSBEE 1920:

The 19th amendment was ratified and women gained the right to vote. 05 | I AM WOMAN

1920:

Department of Labor adds Women’s Bureau, responsible for creating standards and policies on the welfare of women workers.

1922:

1932:

The Women's World Games were held four times over the 12 year period from 1922-1934 as a protest against the International Olympic Committee’s unwillingness to field adequate womens sports.

Hattie Caraway was the first woman elected to serve the U.S. Senate.

THE FACES BEHiND THE FiGHT

LOREM iPSUM

“I’M DEMANDiNG JUSTiCE. I WANT JUSTiCE FOR EVERY WOMAN PAST AND PRESENT THAT HAS BEEN DiSCRiMiNATED AGAiNST.”

“THERE WAS NOTHiNG I WOULDN’T DO, NO MATTER HOW DiRTY OR HARD.”

BETTY DUKES

“WE CAN DO iT!”

LiLLY LEDBETTER

As a Walmart employee, Dukes led a lawsuit accusing the company of discrimination against female employees in 2001. While this case, Walmart Stores, Inc. v. Dukes, was eventually thrown out by the U.S. Supreme Court, Dukes’ efforts for justice in the workplace remain influential, raising awareness towards the working conditions for low-paid workers. She is celebrated as a hero by workers’ rights hts groups across the country.

Ledbetter is known for being an outspoken advocate for pay equity and women’s right. Her hard work led to the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act which was signed into law in 2009. Her Fair Pay Act works to loosen time restrictions on filing discrimination claims, removing the 180-day filing period for each claim.

ROSiE THE RiVETER In the year 1943, Norman Rockwell’s painting of Rosie the Riveter became an iconic, inspiring campaign for women during World War II. The campaign worked to recruit female workers for defense industries and led to an increase of female percentage of the U.S. workforce from 27% % to 37% %.

A FUTURE OF EQUALITY According to the Global Gender Gap Report in 2020, it is expected to take another 100 years to achieve complete gender equality based on the current rate of progress. Women’s pay will continue to fall behind the pay of men in similar careers. Employers must be knowledgeable about the pay gap that still exists in order to create the necessary change. In order to instill gender equity practices, intentional interventions must take place, policies must change and legal protections must exist. Companies must continue to push towards the modernization of their workplaces. 1935:

Mary McLeod Bethune organizes the National Council of Negro Women, that lobbies against racism, sexism, and discrimination.

1936:

For the first time women compete in the Winter Olympics outside of figure skating, with women’s alpine skiing being added.

WOMEN MAKE

$0.82 FOR EVERY DOLLAR EARNED BY A MAN 1937:

Augusta Savage became the first director of the Harlem Community Art Center, pivotal for the development of the Harlem Renaissance.

1944:

Elizabeth “Tex” Williams joins the Women's Army Corps as one of the few African-American female photographers in the military at the time. WORKING WOMEN | 06

LiZZiE SiDDAL

ARTEMiSiA Hi GENTiLESCHi

Artemisia Gentileschi was a rarityy in the 18th century. Taught by her father, Gentileschi rose to the forefront efront of society working for the upper ce, echelons in Rome, Venice, Florence, he Naples, and London. Although she experienced gleaming success herr story is not without tragedy. When she was only 23 years old she was raped by a male artistt a anna year after her first painting, ‘Susanna here was and the Elders’ was completed. There chi’s a famous trial banishing Gentileschi’s d as a abuser from Rome. She continued successful painter throughout her life achieving great success.

Elizabeth Siddal was a famous Muse for a group of artists known as the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. Lizzie worked as one of their models, but was also an avid painter and poet. Her modeling began to overshadow her other artistic pursuits as she was praised by the men around her for her beauty. As she grew older between the death of her child and fear of losing her beauty she committed suicide at the age of 32.

“MY iLLUSTRiOUS LORDSHiP, L I’LL SHOW YOU WHAT A WOMAN CAN DO.” -ARTEMiSiA GENTiLESCHi

THE

DEBUNKING MUSE

A Muse is defined as “a person or personified force who is the source of inspiration for a creative artist.” Women have been the source of inspiration in art for centuries before they were capable of harboring their own inspirations for their own expressions. This spread explores how women have broken free from the confines of the Muse to master the art world themselves.

1952:

Christine Jorgenson had sex reassignment surgery in Denmark. She was the first American woman to surgically transition. 07 | I AM WOMAN

1960:

It took until 1960 for the women's 800m to return to the Olympic stage, after its first iteration in 1928 was the victim of sexist and biased reporting that caused the IOC to shut the event down.

1963:

The Equal Pay Act was passed and aimed to protect against wage discriminiation based on sex.

1964:

The Civil Rights Act is passed, ending segregation and banning employment discrimination on the basis of gender, race, religion and sex.

RESO UR CE S

JEANNE DUVAL U Jeanne Duval was a Haitian-born actress and dancer and long time lover of Charles Baudelaire. She is said to have ave been the inspiration i greateest works an for some of his greatest and tur in a piece p is even featured crafted or Baudela B aire. by Manet for Baudelaire.

Women’s Center for Creative Work · WomenArts · National Museum of Women In The Arts · Women Who Draw · Asian American Women Artists Association · Women Photograph

AUGUSTA USTA STA SAVAGE S AV

S Savage was an essential figure gure to the Harlem Renaissance. e. A sself-taught sculptor, her se pieces of art were a vehiclee p aagainst racial discrimination. ag ion. on. S Sh She mentored many bu burgeoning African American artists, and is still A t till cconsidered o st one of the most in n influential Black artists off the 20 20th century. One of her m most acclaimed works wass “T “The Harp,” for the 1939 N New York World's Fair.

JUDY CHICAGO JUD Chica Chicago hica was one of the founders of the first feminist art program in the United States in California in the 1970s, and one of the first femal ale female-only exhibitions in the count nt As of today, she’s still an country. activis vis and educator in the field. activist

MARiNA ABRAMOViC

S ON L SIM SIMONE SI LEIGH

In October 2020, Simone Leigh was selected to represent the U.S. in the 2022 edition of the Venice Biennale. The Brooklyn-based sculptor uses large-scale pieces to address the social histories and subjective experiences of Black women. Working primarily in ceramics, she blends bodily representations of women with African architectural forms and utensils used throughout the African diaspora.

“The grandmother of performance art,” Abramovic has been a pioneer in the exploration of body art, endurance art and feminist art since the 1970s. Some of her performances are listed among the most notable in art history.

AD... ORK AHE W E H T

“LESS THAN 5% OF THE ARTiSTS iN THE MODERN ART SECTiONS OF THE MET MUSEUM ARE WOMEN, BUT 85 % OF THE NUDES ARE FEMALE.” -THE GUERRILLA GIRLS, 2011 1965:

Patsy T. Mink is sworn in as the first woman of color and Asian woman to serve in Congress.

1969:

Led by a group of transgender women, the Stonewall Riots occur. This moment is the impetus for the Gay Rights Movement in the U.S.

1972:

Shirley Chisholm becomes the first Black woman to seek nomination for presidency with a major political party.

1973:

Roe v. Wade. The Supreme court rules that the constitution protects a woman’s legal right to abortion. DEBUNKING THE MUSE | 08

BEYOND THE BINARY What does it mean to be a woman? When we stop to consider the vastly different realities women across the world face due to intersectional factors such as race, sexual orientation, religion, social class, and yes, even gender, it becomes clear that breaking the male-female binary and exploring the general category of “woman” is essential to creating a more inclusive conversation.

HiSTORY OF GENDER IDENTiTY

Non-binary and third gender identities have existed as long as the human experience. Colonization and, more specifically, Westernization have led to the erasure of many of these identities — yet some still exist today.

USA

TWO-SPiRiT

HAWAii Meaning “in the middle,”

INDONESiA Regarded as the

MEXiCO The third gender of

THE BALKANS An almost extinct group,

SAMOA

The third and fourth gender roles of the FA’AFAFiNE & Samoan people were FA’AFATAMA traditionally charged with care for the elders. They also held an important part in ceremonies.

INDiA At an intersection of

THAiLAND As a result of

OMAN Oman existed in isolation

Māhū are people who embody both the masculine and feminine. They were valued as caretakers, healers, and teachers of ancient traditions.

MĀHŪ

the Zapotec people are the Muxes. Every November, a vigil takes place in the city of Juchitán where Muxes are vital to the celebration.

MUXES

KATHOEY

Buddhism’s notion of four genders, Thailand does not have a word for transgender. Instead, Kathoey defines anyone whose birth gender does not reflect their identity.

1975:

Susan Brownmiller’s Against Our Will is published, beginning a national discussion on rape for the first time. 09 | I AM WOMAN

“meta-gender,” bissu served as religious leaders and wore clothes that blended male and female roles.

BiSSU

BURNESHAS

HiJRA

XANiTH

1981:

In certain Native American tribes, there were individuals who existed outside the notion of male or female. They were called two-spirits and regarded as spiritual leaders.

the burneshas are women who forsake womanhood to be men. This allowed them to escape patriarchal society and own property.

sexuality, gender, and religion, hijras were once regarded as powerful individuals who transgressed gender, but British rule condemned them.

until the 1970s and recognized a third gender. Xanith refers to male-to-female transgender individuals and “passive” men in a homosexual relationship.

Sandra Day O’Connor becomes the first woman to serve on the Supreme Court of the United States.

1983:

Valentina Vereshkova from the USSR becomes the first woman in space.

1984:

The Olympic women's marathon was held for the first time, smashing the stereotype that long distance running was unhealthy and unsafe for women.

GENDER VS. SEX

BEGiNNER’S GUIDE TO GENDER AND SEXUAL IDENTITY

Sex is a biological manifestation that relates to the type of reproductive organs a person has. Gender, on the other hand, is defined culturally and depends on how a person identifies themselves based on their own internal awareness.

cisgender: gender matches sex assigned at birth

GENDER DYSPHORiA

Gender dysphoria is the feeling of discomfort or stress that might occur in individuals whose gender identity differs from the sex they were assigned at birth.

transgender: gender differs from sex assigned at birth non-binary: spectrum of identities not exclusively masculine or feminine agender: not having a gender

Studies show that 73% % of transgender women and 78% of transgender men experience gender dysphoria by age 7. Gender Dysphoria also puts LGBTQ youth at a greater risk of running away from home due to feelings of not being understood or accepted by their family.

homosexual: attracted to members of the same gender

GENERAL YOUTH: LGBTQ

Straight

5% %

bisexual: attracted to members of two or more genders

95% %

HOMELESS YOUTH: LGBTQ

Straight

1985:

Ms. Magazine conducts a study showing that 1 in 4 women-identifying college students have been sexually assaulted by their male counterparts.

/ THEM

1990:

Photographer Lorna Simpson becomes the first African-American woman to exhibit at the prestigious Venice Biennale.

pansexual: attracted to people regardless of gender demisexual: attracted to those with whom they feel an emotional bond

40% %

60% %

THEY

heterosexual: attracted to members of the opposite gender

1994:

asexual: lack of sexual attraction to others

RAINN, the largest American nonprofit anti-sexual assault organization, is founded and begins gaining support.

1994:

The Violence Against Women Act is signed by President Bill Clinton, becoming a part of the 1994 Crime Bill. BE YOND THE BINARY | 10

WOMEN OF COLOR

The role of women of color is becoming increasingly significant as national demographic trends continue to shift in shaping our country. Today women of color % of our nation’s female population and approximately 18% % of the entire comprise 36.3% U.S. population. This infographic explores six BIPOC trailblazers and their work, a statistical observation of academic and economic trends in America, and highlights some major events of the women's suffrage movement.

“HOW MANY YEARS HAS iT TAKEN PEOPLE TO REALiZE THAT WE ARE ALL BROTHERS AND SiSTERS AND HUMAN BEiNGS iN THE HUMAN RACE?” -MARSHA P. JOHNSON Marsha P. Johnson was an activist, self-identified drag queen, performer, and survivor. She was a prominent figure in the Stonewall uprising of 1969. Marsha went by “BLACK Marsha” before settling on Marsha P. Johnson. The “P” stood for “Pay It No Mind,” which is what Marsha would say in response to questions about her gender.

THE COLLEGE GRADUATiON RATE CONTiNUES TO RiSE FOR MOST WOMEN OF COLOR

This graph shows a breakdown of the percentage of Bachelor’s desgrees earned by women of color who were US citizens and permanent residents in 2017–2018. 14.9% Hispanic Women

11.4%

Black Women Asian//Pacific Islander women

1996:

7.6%

The National Women’s History Museum is founded in Washington, D.C., by Karen Stasser. 11 | I AM WOMAN

2000:

Women’s workforce participation hits its peak; women ages 16 and up in the labor force hit 60.3%.

Grace Lee Boggs is a Chinese American woman who was active in the civil rights, labor rights, women’s rights and black power movements. Her main focus was on Detroit where she co-founded Detroit Summers with her husband and fellow activist, James Boggs. She has written many different bodies of work geared toward the idea of how we as a people develop humanity. She was also one of the organizers of Dr. King’s 1963 march in Detroit.

AMONG BLACK STUDENTS iN HiGHER EDUCATiON, WOMEN ARE MORE LiKELY THAN MEN TO EARN DEGREES. Opal Tometi is a Nigerian American woman who is active in race, immigration and gender justice. At 27, She was the executive director of the Black Alliance for Just Immigration (BAJI) and was the first female to hold that position. She is currently the co-founder of Black Lives Matter and founded Diaspora Rising, a new digital digest focused on issues of blackness around the world. 2001:

Betty Dukes files lawsuit against Wal-Mart for unequal pay and opportunities between men and women employees.

2001:

The first Sexual Assault Awareness Month is recognized nationally. Sexual Assault Awareness Month is observed each April.

Sylvia Rivera, a veteran of the 1969 Stonewall uprising, was a tireless advocate for all those who have been marginalized as the “gay rights” movement has mainstreamed. Sylvia fought hard against the exclusion of transgender people from the Sexual Orientation Non-Discrimination Act in New York, and was a loud and persistent voice for the rights of people of color and low-income queer and trans people. FROM ENTRY LEVEL POSiTiONS TO THE C-SUiTE, THE SHARE OF WOMEN OF COLOR REMAiNS SMALL In 2020, women of color represented 18% of entry-level positions. Few advanced to leadership positions.

Winona LaDuke is a Native American from the Ojibwe tribe who is a writer, human rights and environmental activist. She is the founder of the White Earth Land Recovery Project which purchases lost tribal land.

“MOST iNDiGENOUS CULTURES REVERE WOMEN, AND WOMEN, iN TURN, EXERCiSE AUTHORiTY iN THEiR COMMUNiTiES.” -WINONA LADUKE

While White women held almost one-third of total management positions in the US in 2020, women of color held a much smaller share:

32.8%%

4.5%%

4.1%% 2.2%%

Hispanic Black

White

AAPI

Zaineb Abdulla is an Iraqi-American Muslim living in Chicago. She is the vice president of Deaf Planet Soul and is currently pursuing her masters in Deaf Education and Nonprofit Management. She trained in Brazilian Jui Jitsu, teaches self defense and hosts hate crime survival seminars.

PEOPLE OF COLOR ARE UNDERREPRESENTED iN COLLEGE FACULTY AND STAFFS – WHiCH CONTRiBUTES TO LACK OF DiVERSiTY, EQUiTY AND iNCLUSiON iN TEACHiNG PRACTiCES AND CURRiCULUM, AS WELL AS ROLE MODELS AND SUPPORT SYSTEMS FOR STUDENTS.

tenured faculty at 5.2% Ofbachelor-degree-grantin g schools are Black and % are Latinx. just 6.6%

2005:

Condoleezza Rice becomes the first Black female Secretary of State.

2009:

Congress passes Lilly Ledbetter’s Fair Pay Act which overturned the Supreme Court decision that restricted the time period workers had to file complaints of wage discrimination against their employers.

2009:

Sonia Sotomayor is nominated as the 111th U.S. Supreme Court Justice, becoming the first Hispanic American and the third woman to serve.

2010:

“Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” is repealed, allowing queer men and women to serve as openly gay in the military.

WOMEN OF COLOR | 12

KEEPING HER SAFE

Women experience gender-based violence at much higher rates than men. Both in the U.S. and around the world, women, especially women of color, fear for their safety during their everyday life.

TRiGGER WARNiNG:

THESE PAGES WiLL DiSCUSS TOPiCS THAT MAY BE DiFFiCULT FOR SOME READERS. PLEASE READ WiTH CARE.

HIGHEST RATES OF SEX TRAFFICKING IN THE U.S. The United States is ranked as one of the worst countries in the world for human trafficking. According to the State Department, the U.S. ranked as one of the top three nations of origin for victims of human trafficking in 2018. These were the top 10 states where sex trafficking occurs across the nation.

7 2

5 4 3

D O DOMESTiC ViOLENCE Accordin to the National Coalition Against According Domestic D Dom mestic Violence, 1 in 4 women experience sexu ual vio sexual violence, physical violence, and/or stalking stalk king by b an intimate partner during their lifetime. lifet time. IIntimate partner violence is most ccommon com mmon against women ages 18-24.

“THERE’S NO RIGHT OR WRONG WAY TO REACT AFTER BEING SEXUALLY ABUSED.” -DANA ARCURI 2013: 3:

The American A Psychiatric P ric Association rem removes moves being bei ein transgender d fro ffrom om the hee h Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 13 | I AM WOMAN

2014: 4:

Georgia Georgiia O’Keefe’s O’K ’Keef K fe’’s “JJimson imso on o. 1” Flower No. No Weed/Whitte Flower Weed/White sell sells ells lls ll ls for f over $44 $ M M, b beyond beyond d threee times the previous auction record forr a female fem e artist. ar ist.

2014:

The White House Task Force to Protect Students From Sexual Assault releases its first report, “Not Alone.”

2015:

With a 5-4 decision in Obergefell v. Hodges, the Supreme Court of the United States legalizes same-sex marriage in all 50 states.

MATERNAL MORTALiTY

PREGNANCY-RELATED DEATHS BY RACE IN U.S., 2007-2016, PER 100,000 LiVE BiRTHS

In 2018, the maternal mortality rate in the U.S. was 17.4 deaths per 100,000 live births. According to The Hill, the US has the highest percentage of maternal deaths of any developed nation.

42.8%% 32.5%% 14.2%%

Black

Native American

White

Hispanic

STAY SAFE

Asian/Pacific Islander

13%%

11.4%%

SEXUAL ASSAULT & RAPE

These are all scary facts and numbers, but please do not let them impair your ability or will to live you life. Be safe. Advocate for yourself and the women you care about. But most of all, don’t stop living your life just because the world can be dangerous.

From 2009-2013 CPS agencies found strong evidence to indicate that 63,000 children a year were victims of sexual abuse. 1 in 3 female rape survivors experienced it for the first time between 11-17 years old. 1 in 8 reported that it occurred before age 10.

HARASSMENT & STALKiNG 19.1 million women in the US have been stalked. 66.2% of female stalking victims reported stalking by a current or former intimate partner. 1 in 10 women have experienced stalking by an intimate partner in their lifetime.

ViOLENCE ON COLLEGE CAMPUSES 1 in 5 women are sexually assaulted while in college. 90% of sexual assault crimes on college campuses are never reported. 40% of colleges and universities reported not investigating a single sexual assault case between 2009 and 2014.

RiSK OF SEXUAL ViOLENCE FOR WOMEN AGED 18-24 COMPARATiVELY Women (18-24) not in college

RESOUR CES To report sexual assault or rape, call 1-800-656-4673, live chat at online.rainn.org. Get more information at rainn.org.

To report domestic violence, call 1-800-799-SAFE (7233), teletype 1-800-787-3224, live chat at thehotline.org.

All women

Hillary Clinton became the first woman in history to represent a major party in a United States presidential election.

According to the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, 1 in 2 female murder victims are killed by intimate partners. 65% % of all murder-suicides are perpetuated by intimate partners and 96% % of murder-suicide victims are female.

To report human trafficking, call 1-888-373-7888, teletype 711, text 233733, live chat at humantraffickinghotline.org. Get more information at polarisproject.org

Women (18-24) in college

2016:

MURDER & HOMiCiDE

2016:

Women's Rugby is played for the first time at the Olympics. What was often stereotyped as a man's sport is now played on the world's stage.

2017:

Nikki Haley becomes the first Indian American to serve in a Cabinet-level position as the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations.

2017:

Oregon becomes the first state in the U.S. to announce it will allow a non-binary "X" gender marker on state ID’s and driver's licenses. KEEPING HER SAFE | 14

WOMEN IN LEADERSHiP

“WOMEN BELONG iN ALL PLACES WHERE DECiSiONS ARE BEiNG MADE” - RBG

Women have endured a long struggle to gain agency in leadership roles. While great strides have been made to diversify representation, it will be a long time until true intersectional equality is reached.

POLiTiCAL LEADERS

GENDER COMPOSiTiON OF PUBLiC OFFiCE POSiTiONS

KAMALA HARRiS

Women in Congress

19% 12% 19%

Kamala Harris was elected as vice president in 2020. She is the first woman of African-American and South Asian descent to serve as VP. Harris has always had a passion for social justice, leading to her career in law and enabling herself to become the first African-American woman to be elected as attorney general in California.

Women in Governorship Women in Mayorship Men in the same position

RUTH BADER-GiNSBURG Ruth Bader-Ginsburg was a leading feminist figure, and a social justice icon. Serving as a Supreme Court Justice, Ginsburg was a champion for both women’s rights, and LGBT rights. She faced gender discrimination in the workplace, but worked hard and was eventually confirmed as the second female supreme court justice.

ALEXANDRiA OCASiO-CORTEZ Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez became a prominent women's political figure in 2018 when she became the youngest woman ever elected to Congress. AOC has been a champion for her progressive political reform, environmental legislation, criminal justice reform, and her efforts in the abolishment of the federal agency of Immigration and Customs Enforcement, ICE.

2018:

Hollywood film producer Harvey Weinstein is accused of sexual assault and harassment by 80 women. 15 | I AM WOMAN

2018:

Kaywin Feldman becomes the first female director of the National Gallery of Art, in Washington D. C.

2019:

N.Y.C. will erect a monument honoring Marsha P. Johnson and Sylvia Rivera for the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall Riots.

2020:

The 100th anniversary of the passage of the 19th Amendment, which guarantees women’s constitutional right to vote, is celebrated.

SOCiO-POLiTiCAL LEADERS STACEY ABRAMS Stacey Abrams is a voting rights activist, and a politician, serving in the house of representatives from 2007-2017. After losing her 2018 gubernatorial bid in 2018, she launched a huge campaign for voter registration in Georgia for the 2020 election cycle, registering more than 800,000 new voters, helping flip a historically red state, and fighting racially motivated voter suppression.

ANGELA DAViS Angela Davis is a philosopher, educator, and civil rights activist. She was very involved in the civil rights movement during the 1960s, and fought to educate and liberate black communities plagued by systematic racism. As a member of the black panthers, she was targeted and wrongfully convicted in a murder case. After her acquittal, she went on to become a professor and write several books.

The U.N. estimates that gender parity in national legislative bodies will not be achieved before

2063

THE GENDER WAGE GAP $1

Men Women in Federal Jobs

$0.93

Women

$0.82

S.T.E.M. LEADERS ADA LOVELACE Ada Lovelace is best known for her contributions in STEM. She was one of the world’s first programmers, and a leading figure of women in STEM. Ada would produce the first clear mechanical explanation of how Babbage’s Analytical Engine worked, cementing her as the world’s first computer programmer.

2020:

Two women, Emmanuelle Charpentier and Jennifer A. Doudna, were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for their work on a way of editing DNA, known as Crispr-Cas9.

2021:

KATHERiNE JOHNSON Katherine Johnson was a pioneer for women in STEM through her work at NASA. She was crucial in calculating trajectories for America’s first manned space flights, alongside landing the first man on the moon. Johnson throughout her 33-year career at NASA helped co-author 21 technical papers and helped to create the first textbooks on space travel.

Deb Haaland is confirmed as secretary of the Interior becoming the first Native American to lead a cabinet agency.

2021:

The first female, Black, South Asian Vice President of the United States, Kamala Harris, is sworn into office. WOMEN IN LEADERSHIP | 16

"DO NOT LiVE SOMEONE ELSE’S LiFE AND SOMEONE ELSE’S iDEA OF WHAT WOMANHOOD iS. WOMANHOOD iS YOU." -ViOLA DAViS

17 | I AM WOMAN

HEAR ME ROAR “I am woman, hear me roar, in numbers too big to ignore.” -Helen Reddy Throughout history, women’s voices and stories have been suppressed, silenced and ignored. As a class of UNC students, we recognize the importance of celebrating and empowering women and giving every woman a space to tell her story and have it be told. Although these are not our stories, it is our responsibility to listen, observe, and learn. For each spread, we have merely scratched the surface of each woman's experiences, and there are still more stories to tell that were not mentioned in this magazine. It is our goal to shed light on the phenomenal women who have made and are making history, and to emphasize the importance and value of each woman’s individual voice. In addition to celebrating women of the past and appreciating their contributions to our lives today, we must actively remind ourselves to recognize, protect, and empower women every day. Beyond societal and systemic changes and inequalities that must be addressed, changes at the individual level are essential. Perhaps the first step is telling a woman close to you that you are thankful for her, that she is phenomenal and that her voice is valuable. Take time to process and appreciate not only the stories that have been told, but the women that lived them.

CLOSING | 18

TEAM ART DIRECTOR

Leighann Vinesett

ASSISTANT ART DIRECTOR

Allison Holbrooks

DESiGNERS

Antonia Berry Noel Castro-Fernandez Hannah Correll Sarah DuBose Francesca Fradianni Deborah Gardner Okirah Harris Jake Jeffries Amelia Locklear Jess Moses-Gerdun Spencer Poole Elíza Smith Addison Skigen

SPECIAL THANKS Terence Oliver Stephanie Brown Laura Carroll Dr. Angelia Riggsbee

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womenscenteryfs.org womenshistory.org