Team VSAL Presents
Ottawa Hi-Jail Hostel
SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY. Professor: Juan Gonzalo Soares
Figure 1
ARC1520G RESEARCH PROJECT (GROUP 4) OLALEKAN ABODERIN (lekan.aboderin18@gmail.com) ADITHYA PURUSHOTHAMAN SURAJ SAROJ Ottawa Hi-Jail Hostel VIRAJ MISTRY
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Table Of Contents CHAPTER 1 • Introduction: HI Ottawa Jail Hostel • Project Brief • Purpose Of The Research
- p 05 - p 10 - p 11 -
CHAPTER 2 • Methodology • Case Studies • Schedule
CHAPTER 3
• Observations
- p 13 - p 14 - p 16 -
- p 19 -
CHAPTER 4 • • • •
Solution 1 Solution 2 Renewable Energy General Suggestions
- p 27 - p 33 - p 38 - p 41 -
CHAPTER 5
• Conclusions • References • List of Figures
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SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
- p 44 - p 45 - p 46-
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CHAPTER 1
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SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
Figure 2
INTRODUCTION
The Old Ottawa Jail Hostel (Jail Hostel) Building is located at 75 Nicholas Street in Ottawa, Ontario. The building was built circa 1826 and is four storeys with an area of approximately 29,000 square feet. The Hostel includes various shared and individual rooms, washrooms, and showers, a guest kitchen and laundry facilities, office space, a bar, a TV lounge and a basement kitchen which is rented out to a catering company. The original jail closed in 1972 at which time a renovation was undertaken to convert the space to be used as a Hostel. The site is enclosed on the south, east and west sides forming a courtyard which is now used as a parking lot. An original courtyard on the east is used as a patio space for the bar. Entry to the site is off Nicholas Street along the west. The Arts Court building is located directly to the north side with a fenced in space between the two buildings. Source: Old Ottawa Jaila Hostel . (2015). Type II - Building Condition Audit, Morrison Hershfield (2140717.00))
HI-Ottawa Jail Hostel offers a unique blend of shared and private jail cells as well as traditional shared and private hostel style rooms. Museums, galleries, festivals, national historic sites, bustling city activities and scenic recreational paths all are located close to the hostel.
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Existing Mechanical System Heat for the building is provided by a natural gas fired cast iron steam boiler, Individual spaces are heated by cast iron radiators. Steam is distributed by steel piping with threaded joints. sanitary sewers and risers appear to be cast iron with hub and spigot connections. Run outs appear to be a mixture of cast iron, plastic ABS and galvanized piping. Ventilation air is provided to the “cell” areas by cabinet supply and exhaust fans located in the attic.Outdoor air is heated by a steam coil. Baseboard Heaters - Electric baseboard heaters are used as supplementary heating throughout the building. Heating Boilers - The building is heated by steam radiators located throughout the building. Steam is produced by a Weil McLain natural gas fired boiler, equipped with a Power Flame burner with an input capacity of 2049 MBH. Heating Piping - Steam and condensate piping consists of steel pipe with threaded joints. Steam piping in the basement is insulated with fiberglass and has a canvas jacket.
Basement Floor Plan DRAWINGS SOURCE: BARRY PADOLSKY ASSOCIATES INC. ARCHITECTS
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SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
Ground Floor Plan
DRAWINGS SOURCE: BARRY PADOLSKY ASSOCIATES INC. ARCHITECTS
First Floor Plan
DRAWINGS SOURCE: BARRY PADOLSKY ASSOCIATES INC. ARCHITECTS
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Heating Radiators - The building is heated by cast iron steam radiators. There are approximately 42 radiators throughout the building. Each of the radiators has been retrofitted with thermostatic control valves for local control. Fan Systems - entilation air is provided for floors 4, 6, and 8 by two cabinet fans located in the attic. The fans are arranged to exhaust air from the “cells” and provide outdoor air in the storage room at the west end of the corridors. The system is equipped with a steam coil to heat the outdoor ventilation air. Domestic Water Heating - Domestic hot water used in the building is provided by an AO Smith, natural gas fired domestic hot water heater (DHWH).
https://www.haunted-places-to-go.com/images/xottowa.jpg.pagespeed.ic.es64uP7oju.jpg
https://fastly.4sqi.net/img/general/width960/40167281_7dwD8IeENZIT6bCTBAgve1CpYUfgwu8_-8EuSqpEll8.jpg
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https://cdn.thecrazytourist.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/Ottawa-Jail-Hostel-.jpg
https://i.pinimg.com/564x/59/f9/d8/59f9d826b027a8bc750fb5f680d80d4f.jpg
SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
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PROJECT BRIEF
SERVICES – The efficiency of the services, especially the HVAC system is analyzed to learn more about its efficiency and performance. Areas of improvement will be recognized and possible solutions will be provided to enhance the performance. SECTORS – The possibility of sectorizing the hostel to zone out area which are not used, thereby preventing unnecessary heating in these areas. The possible areas for the sectors are figured out by analyzing the operational data provided by the client. RENEWABLE ENERGY – Apart from conserving energy through improving the efficiency of the system, alternative renewable sources of energies will be proposed to reduce the impact on the environment and to cut down the cost.
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SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
PURPOSE The purpose of this research project is to explore various possibilities and options to retrofit the existing mechanical systems, to provide a better indoor environment. The focal points to achieve this target would be by studying the systems, sectors and managing it in the most sustainable ways. •
Renewable Energy or less carbon intensive energy solutions thereby Reducing the energy consumption.
•
Localised controls for the heating zones into sectors for better efficiency. Energy saving measures for mechanical ventilation systems which Improves indoor air quality. Maintaian thermal comfort. Energy efficient lighting. Establishing a Building Management System. Retro-fit the building while preserving the heritage values.
• • • • •
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CHAPTER 2
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Figure 2
METHODOLOGY
The methodology for building’s design and operational improvement is based on a roadmap of 3 phases, whih includes • • •
Project Data Collection Energy Auditing and Performance Assessment Identification of Retrofit Options
•
This roadmap is further broken down below Study of Existing conditions: Analyzing existing climatic conditions with Climate consultant and analyzing to what extent thermal comfort is achieved.
•
Study of current mechanical systems with professional: The mechanical system will be analyzed and SWOT analysis will be made to figure windows of opportunities.
•
Operational Data : The operational Data is analyzed to further justify the zones created and analyze.
•
Energy modeling in Sefaira: Helps in creating sectors and zones based on the current mechanical system that is being used.
•
Feasibility: Feasibility in terms of cost and heritage restrictions will be studied to ensure that the solutions are executable.
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CASE STUDY 1 NRCan (2018). Major Energy Retrofit Guidelines. Natural Resources Canada’s Office of Energy Efficiency. nrcan.gc.ca/energy/efficiency/buildings/eeeb/retrofit/4111.
THE FOUR SEASONS HOTEL, VANCOUVER General information Status Complete Type High-rise building Classification Hotel (Commercial) Location 791 West Georgia Street Vancouver, British Columbia V6C 2T4 Completed 1976 Renovated 2010 The Four Seasons Hotel began its push toward greater energy efficiency in 2008 and now has one of the smallest carbon footprints of any hotel in Canada. some of the major benefits which resulted from the systems retrofit include: ✓ The Four Seasons has saved more than $1.1 million in energy costs since 2012. ✓ Since 2012, electricity consumption has been reduced by more than 10,000MWh. ✓ In 2014, the hotel reduced steam consumption by 2.5 million pounds. ✓ GHG reductions in 2014 were about 195 tonnes, the equivalent of removing 4,100 cars from the road permanently. The Retrofits Include The majority of the hotel’s lighting—guest rooms, lobbies, staff areas, corridors, Exit signs, etc. were switched to LEDs. Motion sensors were also installed in the housekeeping corridors and in the linen closets of guest rooms. low-flow fixtures in guest rooms, and variable speed-drives on all kitchen fan equipment The hotel also installed an electric-gas boiler system, which has a payback period was one year and saves the hotel more than $2 million in energy costs. Simulation/Monitoring The Four Seasons uses two programs to monitor energy use. The first, i-Vu, identifies points where energy can be saved; the second, PULSE Energy, monitors daily energy use. The hotel has access to energy tracking software that provides key data for monitoring the performance of its systems.
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CASE STUDY 2 98660 Sustainable Refurb Briefing Paper V2 © BRE 2016.
Morelands Rooftop, Clerkenwell, London Morelands sits at the junction of Old Street and Goswell in London’s Clerkenwell area. The Morelands complex comprises a cluster of warehouse buildings built, over three decades, around a U-shaped courtyard. Constructed between 1905 and 1940, the building provides around 86,000 sq ft of office and retail / restaurant space. Retrofit Strategy Include Water saving fittings - Toilets, taps and showers are water-efficient. All in all, 4th & 5th floor saves the equivalent of 78,049 WC flushes per year. (BRE, 2015) Renewable technologies - PV panels have been installed to reduce electricity consumption and solar thermal panels have been installed to supply hot water (BRE, 2015). Natural cross ventilation and stack effect - A “Passive first” approach to design and servicing has been applied. The offices are naturally ventilated, with low level perimeter windows assisted by high level windows to light wells, to assist in stack effect purge. Low-e coatings were applied to the glass to reduce solar gain, in addition to which, vertical external blinds linked to wind and UV sensors were installed to control light penetration. Very efficient lighting - Lighting is triggered by PIRs, reflecting the office’s occupancy and saving energy. In addition, new lights on occupant-controlled triggers were installed to common parts and courtyards
Natural cross ventilation schematic Ottawa Hi-Jail Hostel
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SCHEDULE 16
WEEK
DATE
WEEK 01
JANUARY 8th, 2020
Project kick-off.
WEEK 02
JANUARY 15th, 2020
Review project scope.
WEEK 03
JANUARY 22nd, 2020 Client meeting on site, understanding project requirements.
WEEK 04
JANUARY 29th, 2020
WEEK 05
FEBRUARY 5th, 2020 Project statement draft.
WEEK 06
FEBRUARY 12th, 2020
WEEK 07 WEEK 08
FEBURARY 19th, 2020 Building energy model of existing conditions and proposed retrofit. FEBURARY 26th, 2020 STUDY WEEK MARCH 4th, 2020
WEEK 09
MARCH 11th, 2020
Recommendations on the basis of energy model and research (software-Sefaira).
WEEK 10
MARCH 18th, 2020
Refine recommendations and research, compile energy data.
WEEK 11
MARCH 25th, 2020
Client feedback.
WEEK 12
APRIL 1st, 2020
Update the design according to client feedback.
WEEK 13
APRIL 8th, 2020
Refine recommendations and research, compile energy data.
WEEK 14
APRIL 15th, 2020 PRIL 15th, 2020
Pre- final submission.
WEEK 15
APRIL 19th, 2020
FINAL SUBMISSION
SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
TASK
Review existing conditions and retrofit strategy research.
Class presentation of preliminary research and project statement.
END OF TERM
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CHAPTER 3
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SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
OBSERVATIONS
The purpose of this research project is to explore various possibilities and options to retrofit the existing mechanical systems, to provide a better indoor environment. The focal points to achieve this target would be by studying the systems, sectors and managing it in the most sustainable ways. • • • • •
Reducing the energy consumption. Dividing the heating zones into sectors for better efficiency. Improve indoor air quality. Maintain thermal comfort. Retro-fit the building while preserving the heritage values.
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Data Analysis
Chart showing annual Hydro Cost
•
Based on the Hydro obtained from the client we are able to determine the cost in dollars for every month in the year 2018. The result of this information tells us the assumed impact of occupants/users and the energy consumption through out the year. the bar chart above shows us july and august having a higher hydro cost. This may be due to increased usage as this falls during summer holiday.
Chart showing annual Gas Consumption
•
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The gas consumption chart above shows that there is a dip in the usage levels during the summer months. This is due to climatic conditions that prevail at the site. Peak usage is during the winter period. In contrast to the gas consumption the occupancy is low during the winter months. This provides a window for reducing the usage by reducing the quantity of space heated. This difference is shown in the following chart (below) where all the values are combined.
SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
Comparison 120%
100%
•
80%
60%
40%
Chart showing relationship between gas consumption and occupancy rate
20%
0%
Jan-18
Feb-18
Mar-18
Apr-18
May-18
Jun-18
Gas Consumption
Jul-18
Aug-18
Sep-18
Oct-18
Nov-18
Dec-18
Occupancy
Chart showing annual Off & On Peak Values of Electricity (2016)
Chart showing annual Off & On Peak Values of Electricity (2017)
•
The Psychrometric chart indicates the comfort levels in terms of various parameters like dry and wet bulb temperature, humidity ratio and relative humidity. The blue margin indicates the zone where all the comfort levels converge. If all of the values are kept within the blue margin then optimum comfort levels are reached
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Climate Analytical Data: The climate analysis shows us that the temperature range is between -11 to 20 degree celcius and the relative humidity is between 60 %to 75% throughout the year.
Based on the psychometric chart the average internal temperature to be maintained is around 20 to 25 degree Celsius with a humidity ratio of 3050%.
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SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
Existing Building Systems
Heat for the building is provided by a natural gas fired cast iron steam boiler, Individual spaces are heated by cast iron radiators . Steam is distributed by steel piping with threaded joints.
HEATING RADIATORS The building is heated by steam radiators located throughout the building. Steam isproduced by a Weil McLain natural gas fired boiler, equipped with a Power Flameburner with an input capacity of 2049 MBH.
EXISTING ENERGY
HEATING PIPE
Heating is done through iron pipes without any insulation. A major part of the heat loss is appearing due to transmission loss through these pipes.
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Graphical Representation of Assumed Heating Disparity Based on Exisitng Heating Equipment Performance and User Feedback
Cold
Sefaira Analysis Of Existing Building
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Hot
Based on the data analysis, Occupancy data shows us that the no. of occupants increase significantly during the months of June, July, August, September. Gas consumption is much lower during the high occupancy months, on the contrary, high during the winter months. Zoning could help reduce the load during the winter months as the occupancy rate is lower while the heating load is higher. This indicates that there is a larger number of space heated than required.
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CHAPTER 4
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SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOLUTION 1 SECTOR
To be shut down during low occupancy.
To be shut down during low occupancy.
Heating Radiators The Observation reports indicates poor distribution of baseboard radiators placed in random positions.
Baseboard Radiators Sector Seperation Point
We propose 64 baseboard radiators evenly spaced, would provide even distribution through out the building.
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Sectors Based on the gas consumption and occupancy charts the solution was made to divide the hostel into sectors. These sectors are cordoned off from the rest of the hostel which will not be used during low occupancy levels which is predominantly in the winter months. The sectors are focused towards the larger rooms. The sectors are selected in such a way that it will have both the varieties of rooms. The partition walls are insulated to ensure that heat is not transferred. This way less area is heated during low occupancy there by reducing the energy consumption.
Partition wall is aligned with the wall piers The partition will be provided
Position of partition Wall
with a door on one side to reduce heat transmission through partition.
2”x6” Wood Stud Frame Fiberglass insulation Plywood sheathing
The double stud partition wall will have an R-value of 33 which is used to thermally separate the sector non heated zone.
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The type of looping system will not be changed, while control valves will be installed.
Seal Doors (which break down long corridors into smaller sections helps concentrate heating)
Cold
Hot
SYSTEMS Heating Boilers The boiler is fed by a condensate return unit (CRU). According to the Morrison Hershfield Report, No deficiencies were reported or observed with the boiler, burner or CRU. The Cast iron steam boilers have an expected service life of 25 years. as such will not be replaced in this solution Heating Pipes Since there is a loss of heat through the heating pipes, the amount heat loss can be reduced by adding insulation around the pipe. The heat loss can be calculated from the temperature difference between the fluid, the room’s ambient temperature and the pipe dimensions.
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The heat loss that is happening through the pipes have been identified to be 297BTU/hr/ft. This is calculated from the chart below that explains the amount heat loss that is happening based on the temperature difference between the interior of the pipe and the exterior temperature. This could be reduced if the pipes are well insulated and the heat is conserved. Fiberglass insulation with canvas jackets are used as it is done in the rest of the pipes in the project. This would lead to better efficiency of the boiler system and would result in low consumption of energy.
https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/heat-loss-d_506.html
BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM In addition to these improvements, a Building management system can become a vital component to improving the building efficiency. It serves as an infrastructure control system that is installed with the aim to improve the overall performance of the building. The system allows for centralized management of infrastructure equipment through integrated computer-based application and ensures operations are being run efficiently and securely. Perception/Input Elements (a) Sensors: They can be placed inside and outside the envelope, and can measure one or many environmental aspects at the same time. Some of these include: internal and external temperature (dry/wet bulb), external and internal relative humidity, wind speed, illuminance over a given surface, human presence or absence, electrical appliance usage, etc. (b) User interfaces: They can vary in complexity from classical on/off switches, thermostats, to remote controls and touch-screen panels. Although one action is performed by the user on the interface, the control themselves can interpret such action as the instruction to regulate different activities at the same time.
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SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
Control Processing Elements (a) Lighting: illuminating elements will be used to fulfil daylight supplement, task visual performance requirements, controlling glare, etc. (b) Shading: Operation types of internal or external shading devices to avoid overheating and glare according to their type (e.g. shades, blinds, etc.), (c) Thermal comfort: Regulation of temperature and relative humidity for human comfort according to the number of occupants and activities performed, as well as the needed actions to protect equipment and furniture from climate extremes when the building is not occupied. (d) Ventilation: Strategies to promote or cancel the entrance and movement of air in a space. (e) Energy management: This strategy relates to how energy is administered in terms of consumption, and in certain cases, for energy self-generation. It also concerns the usage of energy from certain envelope elements that use electric energy in order to keep a balance. Capeluto, G., & Ochoa, C. E. (2016). Intelligent Envelopes for High-Performance Buildings. New York, United States: Springer Publishing.
Also, •
Use of occupancy sensor controls in restrooms, bedrooms and other spaces not always occupied.
•
Upgrade air handling units from constant air to variable air volume.
•
Implementation of demand control ventilation for the kitchen.
•
Implementation of off-hours shut down of equipment and lighting.
•
Provision of information and warning labels for guests and staff.
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SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOLUTION 2 For this we will be analysing the building based on computational data, choosing various systems and sector disribution that affects the overall energy performance and impact to Energy Use Intensity, Annual Cooling Energy Per Unit Area, Annual Heating Energy Per Unit Area & Annual Energy Cost.
As mentioned in the introduction, the building opened in 1973 , this was a time when climatic conditions were diffirent and insulation requirements differ from present. Also, the building hasnt undergone any major retrofit to the envelope through its years even as its a designated hertage building. for this reason we are unable to present accurate u-values for the envelope. and so we will run our analysis based on 2 assumed envelope specifications. • •
Poorly insulated Envelope Well Insulated Envelope
Sefaira analysis model in sketchup
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POORLY INSULATED ENVELOPE Site Address: 75 Nicholas St, Ottawa, ON K1N 7B9 Weather Data - Ottawa, ON, CA (9Km) Building Type - Residential (Hotel/Motel) Wall insulation - poorly insulated - 0.5 W/m2-k Floor insulation - poorly insulated - 1.4 W/m2-k Roof insulation - poorly insulated - 0.6 W/m2-k Glazing u factor - single pane - 4.5 Infiltration rate - leaky building - 10 m3/m2-h Artificial lighting - poor - 17 Equipment - poor - 17 Visible light transmittance - 2 panes Solar heat gain coeefficient - reflective - 0.4 Ventilation rate - typical ventilation
Poorly Insulated HVAC SYSTEM Baseboard Heater & Gas boiler
EUI
410
ACE/UA 32
AHE/UA 266
AEC
$81,421
Retrofit A HVAC SYSTEM Passive Chilled Beams System
EUI
301
ACE/UA 10
AHE/UA 153
AEC
$70,083
EUI - Energy Use Intensity (kWh/m2/yr) ACE/UA - Annual Cooling Energy Per Unit Area (kWh/m2/yr) AHE/UA - Annual Heating Energy Per Unit Area (kWh/m2/yr) AEC - Annual Energy Cost
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SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
Retrofit B
EUI
ACE/UA
78
2
AHE/UA 36
AEC $18,931
HVAC SYSTEM Radiant Floor
EUI - Energy Use Intensity (kWh/ m2/yr) ACE/UA - Annual Cooling Energy Per Unit Area (kWh/ m2/yr) AHE/UA - Annual Heating Energy Per Unit Area (kWh/ m2/yr) AEC - Annual Energy Cost
Sectors A One Zone / Room
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INSULATED ENVELOPE Site Address: 75 Nicholas St, Ottawa, ON K1N 7B9 Weather Data - Ottawa, ON, CA (9Km) Building Type - Residential (Hotel/Motel) Wall insulation - insulated - 0.5 W/m2-k Floor insulation - insulated - 1.4 W/m2-k Roof insulation - insulated - 0.25 W/m2-k Glazing u factor - Double pane - 2.1 Infiltration rate - normal practice - 5 m3/m2-h Artificial lighting - good - 10 Equipment - good - 5 Visible light transmittance - 2 panes Solar heat gain coefficient - reflective - 0.2 Ventilation rate - typical ventilation
Well Insulated HVAC SYSTEM Baseboard Heater & Gas boiler
EUI
380
ACE/UA 34
AHE/UA 235
AEC
$78,312
Retrofit A HVAC SYSTEM Passive Chilled Beams System
EUI
229
ACE/UA 10
AHE/UA 94
AEC
$58,594
EUI - Energy Use Intensity (kWh/m2/yr) ACE/UA - Annual Cooling Energy Per Unit Area (kWh/m2/yr) AHE/UA - Annual Heating Energy Per Unit Area (kWh/m2/yr) AEC - Annual Energy Cost
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SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
Retrofit B
EUI 248
ACE/UA 12
AHE/UA 126
AEC $57,787
HVAC SYSTEM Radiant Floor
EUI - Energy Use Intensity (kWh/ m2/yr) ACE/UA - Annual Cooling Energy Per Unit Area (kWh/ m2/yr) AHE/UA - Annual Heating Energy Per Unit Area (kWh/ m2/yr) AEC - Annual Energy Cost
Sectors A One Zone / Room
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RENEWABLE ENERGY Solar PV Solar thermal Biomass Wind (1.5 kW vertical-axis small wind turbines)
SOLAR PV
The parking space near the jail hostel has enough potential in terms of solar power to offset some of the energy needs of the hostel. Some environmental conditions have to be considered which determine the solar panel distribution and placement such as shadow distribution from adjacent buildings as well as site walls and position of the sun. Shadow Analysis of the Site (24Hr) A - December 21st (winter solstice) B - September 22nd (autumn equinox) C - March 20th (spring equinox) D - June 20th (summer solstice)
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A
C
B
D
SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
The parking space near the jail hostel has enough potential in terms of solar power to offset some of the energy needs of the hostel
Based on the solar analysis the solar panels are fixed in areas where adequate sunlight is obtained. It is also provided on the roof.
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The Solar energy that can be obtained is around 92641 KWH annually. This could compensate for the loss of heritage value as making the building sustainable is of much more priority.
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SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
General Suggestions SYSTEMS https://www.castrads.com/uk/inspiration/how-to-heat/how-to-heat-efficiently/
A modern condensing boiler uses a heat exchanger to recuperate heat from the return pipe and can run at up to 90% efficiency provided the temperatures are set correctly. Hydronic central heating should operate at about 70C and hot water at 60C to get the best out of a condensing boiler. A biomass boiler which burns logs or wood pellets to generate heat, similarly operates at 90% efficiency but has the additional benefit of using sustainable fuel, so also cuts CO2 emissions by 90% compared to fossil fuels. Ultimate eco-friendly solution for running a central heating system is the heat pump, both air and ground source heat pumps are extremely efficient, generating around 3KW of heat for every 1KW of electrical energy put in. They also have the lowest environmental impact given that they utilise latent heat energy in the air and in the Earth. Even though this is the most eco-friendly current technology limits, make the Ground source heat pump in the General Ottawa region.
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CHAPTER 5
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CONCLUSIONS Based on the gas consumption and occupancy charts the solution was made to divide the hostel into sectors. These sectors are cordoned off from the rest of the hostel which will not be used during low occupancy levels which is predominantly in the winter months. The sectors are focused towards the larger rooms. The partition walls are insulated to ensure that heat is not transferred. This way less area is heated during low occupancy there by reducing the energy consumption. HVAC SYSTEM Baseboard Heater & Gas boiler HVAC SYSTEM Radiant Floor HVAC SYSTEM Passive Chilled Beams System
•
EUI ACE/UA 410
32
301 78
10 2
AHE/UA
AEC
153
$70,083 $18,931
266 36
$81,421
The analysis of solution 2 shows us that if the current envelope is left as is to preserve the heritage value, investment in there is a high energy usage and cost. with the adoption of modern hvac system the enrgy cost and intensity is greatly reduced.
Baseboard Heater & Gas boiler
•
The analysis of solution 2 shows us that if the building is retrofitted to passive haus standard which could affect some aspects of its heritage value, there can be a great reduction in energy costs year round and improved heating and cooling efficiency. The incorporation of solar power would generate a lot of energy required to also break down the energy cosr.
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SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
REFERENCES • • • • • •
• •
Energy.gov. (2012, March 6). Retrieved from Energy.gov: https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/ home-heating-systems/furnaces-and-boilers Engineering ToolBox. (2003, Jan 3). Steel Pipes - Heat Loss Diagram. Retrieved from www.engineeringtoolbox.com: https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/steel-pipes-heat-loss-d_53.html Stickley, A. (2019, July 17). Retrieved from thespruce.com: https://www.thespruce.com/water-pipe-insulation-2718695 https://www.helioscope.com/ http://www.thisbirdsday.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/IMG_3008-580x399.jpg https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https%3A%2F%2Fstatic.cmostores.com%2Fuploads%2Fproducts%2F4%2Fl%2Feurobatex-class-o-nitrile-pipe-insulation-a6mzvt0yfx-g.jpg&imgrefurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.insulationsuperstore.co.uk%2Fproduct%2Feurobatex-class-o-nitrile-pipe-insulation-22mm-x-25mm-x-2m-42m. html&tbnid=MEsUyrE0KZa9IM&vet=12ahUKEwj-sZXMtJXoAhVMjK0KHQowCR0QMygLegUIARDRAg..i&docid=zJicwl2F7O3gMM&w=600&h=600&q=%20pipe%20insulation&ved=2ahUKEwj-sZXMtJXoAhVMjK0KHQowCR0QMygLegUIARDRAg https://basc.pnnl.gov/system/files_force/images/HVAC112_gasboilers_3_DS_5-1-14.jpg?download=1 https://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/heat-loss-d_506.html
SOURCES OF INFORMATION (Industry Professionals) • • • •
Prof. Woytek Kujowski Prof. Juan Gonzalo Soares Morrison Hershfield Consultants Greg Brockmann (Hi-Jail Hostel)
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LIST OF FIGURES •
Figure 1 - FRONT ENTRANCE - https://i.pinimg.com/564x/22/18/9f/22189f3093e66b048d5be0dcae24d596.jpg
•
Figure 2 - CORRIDOR - https://hips.hearstapps.com/bpc.h-cdn.co/assets/17/39/1506365513-hotel-caroshort-stay-main-bridewell.jpg
• • •
All other pictures were taken by memebers of the group
PROJECT MEETING REPORTS Date Client (s) Description of Meeting 15/01/2020 HI-Hostel Jail Site visit 11/03/2020 Solutions Recommendations on the basis of energy model and research (software-Sefaira). 08/04/2020 Refine recommendations and research, compile energy data.
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SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
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SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
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SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
Ottawa Hi-Jail Hostel
51
52
SYSTEMS, SECTOR & RENEWABLE ENERGY
Ottawa Hi-Jail Hostel
53