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BDI – Waste Treatment in Kuwait
Background Information Waste Situation in Kuwait Kuwait Municipality is generating daily a huge amount of waste from 3 locations (Jahra, Mina Abdullas, South of 7 Ring Road). Waste is being dumped in these locations without abiding to any environmental rules or guidelines that govern sewer waste which were unknown when the sites became active. When the holes are full waste is dumped in vertical layers and covered by a layer of sand at the end of each working day. This method has led to the environmental problems in these locations in regards to polluting the soil and possibility of polluting the ground water in these locations via seepage of the waste, and emitting of gases during the degradation of the waste which causes air pollution in the surrounding area of the location. This will cause a danger to general health and possibility of fires for containing several waste (liquid, solid and constructional waste). Despite being a small country, there are 18 landfills, of which 14 sites are closed and 4 sites are still in operation. These landfills act as dumpsites, rather than engineered landfills.
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Background Information The landfills have also not be divided according to types of waste but instead are filled with all kind of wastes, including municipal wastes, food wastes, industrial wastes, construction and demolition debris as well as 90 percent of Kuwait’s domestic waste. Residential areas in proximity to closed landfills include Qurain, Sulaibiya, Kabd, Jleeb AI Shuyoukh, Yarmouk and Wafra. Expansion of waste dumping sites will hamper development plans, in addition to health concerns related to abandoned landfill sites. Volume of the waste produced is one of the largest among nations of the world, the individual produces up to 1.4 kg of waste per day. Last year, countries of the region put out more than 22 tons of solid disposal materials. Kuwait’s share stood at 5.5 million, 85 percent of which resulted from construction and demolition of buildings, and more than one million from municipal waste. These figures are too big compared to the size of the country, disclosing that the cost of waste treatment reached KD 70 million per year. The solid waste -gathered and dumped- each year is estimated an approximated amount of 1.950.000 ton.
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Background Information Waste management is a critical problem in Kuwait with high per capita municipal solid waste generation and limited space in landfills • All municipal waste in the country is sent to landfill • Poses a growing environmental threat due to ground water contamination and leaching • Limited landfill capacity available • Increasing use of illegal dumpsites The Municipality of Kuwait is keen on protecting the natural resources and is aware how do it through new technologies. Project is located in Kabd, south of the Voice Transmission Station, opposite the Camel Racing Club, in an area of approximately 500.000 m2. Building Kuwait’s first waste to energy plant It was determined that a 1 mn tonne waste to energy plant would be an effective solution to address Kuwait’s waste management problem
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Kuwait Solution Before
After
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Kuwait Solution The countries and municipalities have made headways in the efforts for treating and/or recycling the waste, and seek to employ more advanced technologies such as BDI. Management of waste has become one of the vital and important issues in “our society in the shadow of the rapid growth of the population and increasing numbers of the industrial projects and growing commercial and economies activities,”. Resolving this problem warrants special educational and media programs to enhance the public awareness of the hazards of disposable materials and substances, warning that the mounting production of waste at these high rates would negatively affect human health and environment in the country. Organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), Source separated organics (SSO), Slaughterhouse waste, Food waste, Spent grain from breweries, Distillation residue, glycerine phase and gums from bio fuel production, Fruit & vegetable industry residues, Trap grease, Used cooking oil, Animal fat…could be treated by BDI technology for converting waste to energy (Bio-gas or electricity). This measure warrants the definitive and global elimination of the organic waste problem and the creation of an economic source to pay back the public investiment.
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Kuwait Solution Besides, we must be aware about enviromental slope, not only we have to be able to solve the waste problem through new technologies but also show to the world that this solution is definitive, clear and clean, adapting these facilities in a green and healthy landscape.
Key objectives for the Project • Close the current lanfills and convert waste in energy (Bio-gas and electricity) • Set up recycling companies • Minimising water usage and adapting the project to an enviromental landscape (health area).
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BDI - BioEnergy International AG
BDI at a glance - Highly professional plant engineering and construction company for tailor-made, turn-key solutions - Industrial BioDiesel- & BioGas plants converting most difficult raw materials into BioEnergy - Integrated model for turn-key solutions - Benchmark technologies developed by in-house R&D, “from Waste to Value“ - 20 years of experience: more than 36 reference plants on 4 continents - Synergy benefits within BDI Group - Financial Highlights: Equity Ratio 68.9%, Cash/Cash Equivalents 42.1 million Euro
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BDI at a glance Core competencies covering a full value chain
UNI Graz
TU Graz
Research & Development
VTU
Engineering
M&R
Construction
UIC
epos C
After Sales
- Flexible technology for various raw materials - Engineering and construction for complete customized solutions - Subsequent After Sales Service for optimized operating plants 11
BDI at a glance Products and Services Portfolio
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Global Player
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from Waste to Value - Organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) - Source separated organics (SSO) - Slaughterhouse waste - Food waste - Spent grain from breweries - Distillation residue, glycerine phase and gums from bio fuel production - Fruit & vegetable industry residues - Trap grease - Used cooking oil - Animal fat
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Research & development 15
Research focus BioFuels - Validation of new raw materials for biodiesel production, - Development of new methods for biodiesel production – REPCAT - Development of new products – OMEGA 3+
BtL - Biomass-to-Liquid fuel production (bioCRACK)
BioTech
- BioDiesel and biomaterials from algae (e.g.: Ω3-fatty acids, pigments)
Contract research - Process development (from waste oil recycling to animal feed production)
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Financial key figures
Financial key figures 61.7 39.9 Sales
33.9
€m
2008
EBIT
2009
5.0 1.8
€m
2008
2009
Note: Financial figures acc. to IFRS * before extraordinary items
34.7
2010
3.2
2011
35.5 29.8 2012
3.6
2013
2.6 -0.9
2010
2011
2012*
2013
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Financial key figures 74.1 Orders on hand â‚Źm
39.3 25.3
23.6
2008
2009
2010
151 Employees
132 2008
2009
137
2010
Note: Financial figures acc. to IFRS * Calculated based on 3.8 million shares outstanding
15.1 2011
24.1 2012
2013
144 132 2011
2012
113 2013
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Financial key figures
55.0 50.7
Equity €m
2011
Cash & Cash Equival. €m
2012
53.8
Equity ratio 66.5% on 31.12.2013 - Balance sheet total amount to € 80.9 million on 31.12.2013 -
2013
45.2
44.9
-
35.8
2011
2012
-
Strong cash reserves Every form of investment is chosen carefully
2013
20 Note: Financial figures acc. to IFRS
BDI BioGas
From waste to value…. BDI BioGas – The solution for industrial and municipal waste! BDI develops technologies for producing energy from waste and byproducts while ensuring maximum preservation of resources at the same time.
• compact in size • the system uses a reliable, stable biotechnology process • outstanding for its high level of profitability
…Your requirement is our challenge because BDI is a leading spezialized plant manufacturer with more than 15 years of experience!
BioGas-process
Substrate Treatment
Substrates
Food industry waste
Expired food products
Industrial waste and by-products
Substrates
Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste
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Substrate treatment - Impurities like glass, sand, metals, stones, e.g. cause problems in several sections of a BioGas plant higher pump wear sediments in heat exchangers sediments in digesters - Legal requirements to pre-treat organic substrates (EC 1069/2009) Processed food waste Slaughterhouse waste - Tailor made solutions for any application Screening Sieving Crushing
Municipal Waste Treatment Large Surface Material Paper & Cardboard
Drum Screen Municipal Solid Large Surface Material Waste
Heavy Inert Material Drum Screen Organic Material
OFMSW
Metals Mixed Synthetic Material Metals
Aluminum
Drum Screen Packaging Material
Pulper
Drum Screen
Light Inert Material, Grit
Hydrocyclone
Glass, Sand, Grit
Metal Detector Ballistic Separator
Metal Detector
Aluminum Detector
Metal Detector
RDF-Material
Paper, Cardboard, Plastic Foil, Textile
Metals
Organic Fraction to Biogas Plant
Anaerobic Digestion
Fundamentals Anaerobic Digestion (Biogas process) Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a biological process of organic matter degradation under the absence of air (AD) consists of a series of bacterial events that convert organic compounds to methane, carbon dioxide and new bacterial cells. The products of AD are: - Biogas - Digestate
Microbiology Inside an anaerobic digester there are specific consortia of microorganisms 4 major groups of microorganisms have been identified with different functions in the overall degradation process: 1. The hydrolyzing and fermenting microorganisms 2. The obligate hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria 3. & 4 Two groups of methanogenic Archaea
BDI BioGas-Technology 3 Stage System 1. Hydrolysis / mixing tank − First degradation step of organic polymers − Homogenisation of fluctuating feedstock composition 2. Digestion tank − Main organic matter degradation − Main biogas production 3. Post digester − final degradation processes − Increasing digestate quality (better mineralisation, less odour potential)
Advantages of the BDI technology - Optimized digester mixing by customized central paddle agitator and digester geometry - Reliable and easy to maintain digester heating system (external heat exchanger) - Prevention of sediment and scum formation inside the digester - Highest quality requirements for mechanical and electrical equipment - High grade of plant automation - Sophisticated security measures - Gas warning devices in critical areas (CH4 and H2S) - Security devices for Vessels (overpressure protection, busting disks, level indicators, overfill protection sensors - Automatic shut off measures
Energy Conversiom
Energy conversion After the utilization of the BioGas (removal of sulfur and water) the BioGas can be used for: − Production of hot water or steam in a gas boiler − Production of electricity and heat energy in a gas engine − Injection to the gas grid − Vehicle fuel
Digestate Treatment
Digestate treatment - Most common utilization of digestate is land application as fertilizer - As a result of large area demand due to maximum nutrient dosage the transport costs get significant. - Main goals of digestate treatment Separating nutrients and providing a transportable, storable and .marketable fertilizer Reduction of the mass to be applied on agricultural land Reducing costs for storing and land application Reducing the impact on the environment
Why BDI BioGas? - BDI is a stock market listed company with many years of experience in international plant design - BDI plants are suitable to handle various substrates - BDI plants provides a continuous, stable and robust operation - BDI plants ensure a high level of plant automation and the usage of high quality material and equipment - BDI provides an extensive After Sale Service to ensure a maximum plant availability
Reference plants 39
BioGas | Etampes North France Capacity: 2,1 MWel / Substrate: 65.000 tons/year Scope of delivery: sanitation, fermentation, power generation, distribution of heat Scope of services: planning, plant engineering, biological commissioning, assembling Substrates: Food waste from households and restaurants, expired food products from super markets Project start: December 2011 Construction start: February 2012 Handover: September 2013
BioGas | Pamukova Turkey Capacity: 1,4 MWel / Substrate: 56.000 tons/year Scope of delivery: construction, planning of overall plant Scope of services: planning, plant engineering, biological performance commissioning Substrates: cleaned household organics, kitchen waste, manure, straw Project start: March 2010 Construction start: September 2010 Handover: February 2012
BioGas | Marl Germany Capacity: 3,1 MWel / Substrate: 60.000 tons/year Scope of delivery: planning, delivery, installation commissioning and assembly Scope of services: design & construction Substrates: expired food waste, catering waste Project start: May 2011 Construction start: September 2011 Handover: December 2011
BioDiesel | Le Havre France Capacity: 75.000 tons/year Scope of performance: engineering, installation, commissioning Scope of delivery: turnkey installation of the complete BioDiesel process Resources / Substrate: UCO, animal fats with high FFA and sulfur content Construction start: beginning 2013 Handover: December 2013
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BioDiesel / Sines Portugal Capacity: 25.000 tons/year Scope of performance: plant evaluation, engineering, supervision of construction, commissioning Scope of delivery: delivery of procedural equipment Raw materials / Substrates: UCO, animal fat Project start: originally 2006, Continuation September 2012 Handover: July 2013
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Pilot Plant bioCRACK | Vienna Austria Capacity: 800 tons/year Scope of performance: R&D, complete engineering, construction, commissioning and trial operation Scope of delivery: Delivery of entire plant Raw material/Substrate: wood/straw + heavy ends Project start: April 2010 Construction start: October 2011 Commissioning + trial operation start: summer 2012 45
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