Rural Studio | 20Kv.18

RURAL STUDIO

20K v.18 The Demographic House

Auburn University Rural Studio 20K Home Project 2015-2016 J.P. Alexander Robert Gray Leslie Kounthapanya Caitlyn Salters Copyright. Š 2016 Rural Studio Printed 2016 8448 Alabama Highway 61 Newbern, AL 36464, USA www.ruralstudio.org All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any information storage and retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the Rural Studio.

For our dear families and friends who have continually supported us through our journey at the Rural Studio.

FOREWORD This book documents the design decisions made by the 20K v.18 Demographics team in our time at Auburn University’s Rural Studio, in Newbern, AL. Founded in 1993, by Samuel Mockbee, the Rural Studio has served as a platform for Architecture students to make connections between design and construction, while benefitting the communities of Hale County.

This year three teams were tasked with pushing the design for the 20K Home by investigating the possible futures of the homes. The 20K v.18 home studies the current demographic makeup of America and Hale County and addressed this information with design.

OBSERVE

09

RESEARCH

41

DESIGN

91

DO

145

REFLECTION

167

APPENDIX

173

“Everyone, rich or poor, deserves a shelter for the soul.”

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- Sambo Mockbee

OBSERVE

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BUILDINGS IN HALE CO. Students work at the Red Barn (top), which serves as the studio space, and neighbors the Newbern Post Office (bottom right). Newbern Mercantile (bottom left) is the only commercial building in the area.

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CONTEXT LEARNING FROM RURAL ALABAMA The Rural Studio is located in the heart of Newbern, Alabama. The Red Barn, which serves as the main studio space for the students, is located in downtown Newbern. It neighbors the Post Office and Mercantile, with the Town Hall, Fire House, and Woodshop standing on the opposite side of the road. The newly completed Newbern Library is only a short walk from Red Barn.

The Town Hall, Firehouse, and Newbern Library are Rural Studio projects. The Rural Studio has been able to revitalize the downtown with a constant student presence that is greatly invested in providing for the community.

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WHAT IS THE 20K HOME? The 20K Home is an ongoing research project with the aim of creating beautiful and affordable houses that make responsible, pride-driven home ownership a possibility for anyone and everyone.

The 20K Home project was first conceived at the Rural Studio in 2005.

Rather than continuing to address a single family’s needs at a time, the Rural Studio broadened the scope of their housing solution project and began to design homes that could be applicable to many clients across the rural south in need of affordable housing in hopes of the replacing the trailer home common in the rural southern area.

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$100/mo. for 30 yrs.

20K

8K + 12K

Labor, etc.

Why $20,000?

In its original model, the 502c direct housing loan provided the financial basis for the house. USDA regulations provided that a household whose only income was social security could take on a $20,000 loan. This $20,000 was then broken up into $12,000 for materials and $8,000 for labor. It was proposed that a contractor with three to four laborers could build one of these houses in three to four weeks.

Is $20,000 Still Viable?

In its orignal model, the studio determined that $20,000 was the largest loan a family relying solely upon social security could afford to repay in terms of a 30 year mortgage. When the houses moved up to two bedrooms, the increase in size came with an increase in price.

Materials

in turn increases the cost of the house. The most recent house to be built 20K v.17 finished with a total material cost of $37,728. Adding in an estimated labor cost could bring the house within the range of $50,000.

Beyond just the rise in material costs, there are other issues with possible funding. When speaking with banks, they made it known that it would be unlikely for them to pass out loans as small as $20,000. It takes the same amount of work for a bank to loan $20,000 as it does to loan $100,000. This led the studio to begin looking at ways to group the 20K Homes in a manner that would increase the loan given but keep the cost down for the owners.

To solve this, the studio decided to reach out to non-profit developers. These developers could aquire a large loan from the bank and build multiple houses to be distributed to multiple owners. The bank gets to manage a single large loan while the cost of the house is kept down for potential buyers.

On top of the increase in size is inflation. The same amount of material costs more than it did ten years ago.

The strength of pine lumber has also been decreasing over the years to the point where the platform for 20K v.8 Dave had to be redesigned to include more lumber which

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WHAT IS IN A NAME? This year our studio was challenged with examining the past 20K Homes in a scientific manner and to begin challenging past “rule of thumb” decisions. We broke the homes down in terms of typology, square footage, volumetric storage amounts, and glazing square footage. Breaking these homes down allowed us not only to understand the successes and the failures of past homes, but it also begged us to question the name attached to these homes.

The name “20K Home” carries strong implications. Immediate understanding leads one to believe that the home costs $20,000 to build. As the years have passed the houses have increased incrementally in terms of cost. We questioned whether or not the houses could continue to be called “20K Homes.” In a literal sense, they are not, but when examining them we determined that the literal definition is not always the important one.

Each design continued to adhere to the ideals set forth by the studio in 2005.

All of them are pushing the limits of good design and architecture while adhering to strict standards of efficiency and affordability. These homes are part of a 10+ year project with 72+ architects and consultants who have amassed 128,000+ work hours. Every 20K Home produced by the Rural Studio is designed to be built IN the community BY the community FOR the community.

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BEYOND A HOME The 20K Home is designed to impact the community in which it is being built. The money doesn’t cross state lines into the hand of a manufacturer who is disconnected from the community. The money passes from the client to a local contractor and back into the local economy through purchases at the local hardware and construction entities.

This system allows the client to not only invest in their well-being but also invest in their local community by having the money circulate within local businesses. The home is designed to accommodate different family situtations with many models offering accessible options ensuring the house can be utilized in various situations.

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IS THERE A NEED? The current affordable housing solution in the Hale County area is a mobile home, or trailer; which is not durable, structural, or permanent.

Mobile Home

20K House

DEPRECIATION A mobile home is financed similarly to a car: once purchased, it continually depreciates in value over time. This prevents the owner from gaining equity.

Mobile Home

INCREASE IN VALUE Unlike the mobile home, the 20K Home has the critical potential to increase in value over time. Dave 20K v.8 has doubled in value since its construction.

20K House

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WHERE IS THE MONEY GOING? Mobile homes are often manufactured and moved across state lines. The money for these homes travels across state lines to the manufacturer instead of remaining with in the local community. This can create cash starved rural communities.

Mobile Home

ECONOMIC CYCLE The 20K Home provides the rural community with an economic stimulus by circulating money within the local area. It is built IN the community, BY the community

20K House

FOR ANYBODY + EVERYBODY To ensure the 20K Home’s ability to serve everyone, the studio has designed several accessible models that can serve disabled and elderly clients.

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20K HOME MODELS THE PROJECT EVOLUTION In 2005, the Rural Studio made its first attempt at broadening the scope of their housing project. The home was to be designed using standard materials and forms of construction. This precedent of standard materials and standard construction changed how the studio looked at housing. For the past 11 years the studio has continued to build off each progressive year to constantly improve the designs of the various 20K Homes and continue to expand their reach to the people who need an affordable housing solution.

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ELIZABETH 20Kv.01 Elizabeth’s house is the first iteration of the 20K Home and became the foundation for many aspects of the 20K Homes. It features a narrow plan with an efficient kitchen and bathroom, as well as a dining/extra bedroom space at the end. It is raised on piers and features exterior materials that require little maintenance. One criticism it receives is because of its narrow plan, monopitch roof, and raised structure, it still did not separate itself enough from the look of a trailer.

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FRANK 20Kv.02 Frank’s Home was the first shotgun home of the 20K Homes.

A shotgun home is open along its length, meaning you could shoot a gun� from the front door to the back doorand not hit anything. This house had no interior walls, as well as open shelving, with a porch in the front and in the back. It separates itself from the trailer aesthetic with a large, steep gable roof that is open on each side for ventilation. Because of the open nature on the interior, everything is out in the open, so there is not much privacy.

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THE 32K HOME 20Kv.03 The 32K Home was a true dogtrot house with two units connected by a porch. The structure was the main focus of this house, being mainly supported by two large trusses on either side. One unit is a one bedroom with a small kitchen, bathroom, and living room, and the other unit is a small open room studio with a bathroom and kitchenette. The biggest criticism of this home is its lack of windows and tight spaces.

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DAVE 20Kv.08 Dave’s Home was a result of taking a close look at the previous 20K Homes. It was mainly a development of Frank’s Home, adapting its shotgun style and putting some of its exterior porch square footage back into the home and adding an enclosed bathroom to separate the living and sleeping area. This home was designed to have a quick build time with a material cost of $12,500 and a labor cost of $7,500.

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THE PATTERNBOOK HOME.

THE LOFT HOME

THE ROUNDWOOD HOME.

THE BRIDGE HOME

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NORTHWARD MODELS The North Ward homes were all built in 2008, and focused mainly on exploring new structural systems and new exterior cladding. The Patternbook Home’s floor plan is a shotgun home, similar to its predecessor Frank’s. It has a cedar rain screen cladding and scissor trusses for the interior with a metal roof. The Loft house is the only two story house in the 20K Homes, which gave it a very small footprint. It has a two story living space with a loft sleeping area above the kitchen and bathroom. It was the first 20K Home to use fiber cement board cladding. The Roundwood Home is structured with thinnings, which are the thin parts of pine trees that are usually turned into mulch. The thinnings are configured into a truss system for the structure, and the walls around it create a protective shell. The Bridge Home used a steel truss to cantilever over a steep slope. These steel trusses made insulation and window installation difficult, but created a balcony with a view of the ravine.

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MAC 20Kv.09 Mac’s Home is a modified dogtrot with the living space on one side and the bedroom and bathroom on the other.

The porch is set into the home with the kitchen and pass through doors on the interior part of the dogtrot. The porch on the back acted as an option to add a second bedroom to the home.

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JOANNE 20Kv.10 Joanne’s Home is the first square shaped plan in the 20K Homes. It was designed with a corner porch so that it could be oriented in multiple ways on the site. Its square shape gives it a larger square footage for its perimeter. This and the past two 20K Homes make up the 20K product line, the first 20K Homes being prepared for distribution.

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TURNER 20Kv.11 Turner’s home was the first house to address accessibility.

It is raised on piers and features a large ramp running along the front that blends into the porch, as well as ample walkways and ADA clearances on interior. The plan most closely resembles the Patternbook Home. It also has a roll in shower that doubles as a storm shelter that is structurally separate from the home.

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EDDIE 20Kv.12 Eddie’s Home was the second 20K Home to consider accessibility. This home eliminated the need for a ramp by becoming the first slab on grade 20K Home. This also made it much easier to integrate a storm shelter, located in the closet of the bedroom. The home features a long, low heighted porch that frames the surrounding landscape.

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ROSE LEE Rose Lee’s home is not an official 20K Home, but is an adaptation of Eddie’s home, with an addition of a second bedroom. It also shares a courtyard with Jason’s home, a mirrored version of Mac’s Home. Both were built in the 20th Anniversary year by the third year class. These two homes were designed to replace Rose Lee’s first home built by the Rural Studio, which was a three bedroom, two bathroom home with a courtyard, which unfortunately burnt down.

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SYLVIA 20Kv.13 Sylvia’s home was part of the 20th anniversary year, which explored the two bedroom 20K Home for the first time.

This is the first 20K Home to use a hip roof with large overhangs and a flat soffit. It is also the smallest of the two bedroom 20K Homes. It has two corner porches; one on the front and one on the back that function as more public and private spaces.

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IDELLA 20Kv.14 Idella’s home is the first two bedroom 20K to be fully ADA accessible. It features a slab-on-grade square plan that revolves around a bathroom that doubles as a storm shelter in the center. The kitchen, dining, and living are all on different sides surrounding the bathroom, with the two bedrooms on the final side. This is one of the most successful porches as well, with benches integrated into the columns supporting the roof to give the porch a better boundary as opposed to Eddie’s porch. Its biggest pitfall is lack of storage on the interior.

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BOBBY 20Kv.15 Bobby’s home has a similar shape to Mac’s house with the bedrooms on one side and the living spaces on the other. It has a long overhanging gable roof to protect an inset porch with different levels for sitting. It is designed so that a ramp can be attached to the back porch as well.

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MICHELLE 20Kv.16 Michelle’s home has a narrow t-shaped plan with one bedroom on each side and the living spaces in the larger middle space. There is a porch on each side as well, one screened and one open. This house does not use overhangs, and instead has “eyebrows” above the windows for shading.

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GERALDINE 20Kv.17 Geraldine’s home was built the year after the 20th anniversary and was a result of observing the lack of storage in the other two bedroom 20Ks. This home has a long narrow plan with a storage wall of IKEA cabinets running the entire length. It has an inset porch with a large overhanging gable roof that is vented on both sides.

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“We want buildings to do more, so that systems do less.”

- Emily McGlohn

RESEARCH

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20K ANALYSIS LEARNING FROM THE PAST After researching the changing American family, our team dove into further analyzing and understanding the strengths and pitfalls of the past 20K Homes. The goal of this research was to really put these homes to the test and to try to understand how they function after years of ownership.

By doing this in depth analysis, we can determine if the homes

achieved their goals and can further guide our design by improving upon what already exists. We especially focused on the areas of amount and use of storage, size and use of porches, orientation and function of space, and amount and use of windows.

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SIZE OF HOUSE // plan sqft.

two bedroom

GERALDINE

MICHELLE

IDELLA

BOBBY

SYLVIA

one bedroom

EDDIE

TURNER

JOANNE

MAC

DAVE

100

200

300

400

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500

600

700

800

900

1000

BOBBY HOUSE.

MAC HOUSE.

900 sqft. total

622 sqft. total

CONCLUSIONS CRITIQUES + GOALS When studying the past 20K Home designs, we noticed a continuing increase in the size of the homes. When the studio moved to designing two bedroom homes, the plans nearly doubled in size. This year the studio redoubled its efforts on plan efficiency. The “Frankenstein” workshop at the beginning of the semester held us to a max of 900 sqft. when designing a two bedroom home. This exercise allowed us to learn what strategies proved more efficient when designing a plan. After discussions of the futures for the homes, the studio as a whole chose a max of 1100 sqft.

(52 sqft larger than Geraldine’s home) as the max for a 20K Home that can act as a three bedroom home.

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MATERIAL COST // total

two bedroom

GERALDINE

MICHELLE

IDELLA

BOBBY

SYLVIA

one bedroom

EDDIE

TURNER

JOANNE

MAC

DAVE

$5K

$10K

$15K

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$20K

$25K

$30K

$35K

MAC HOUSE.

$23 per sqft.

BOBBY HOUSE.

$26 per sqft.

CONCLUSIONS CRITIQUES + GOALS Another area of study the studio chose to look at was cost per sqft for each home. A large majority of the past homes fell within $20 to $30 dollars per sqft. To keep the cost of the house designs down, we focused on a range of $28 to $30 per sqft.

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ELECTRICITY COST

$75.50

MAC

$73.00

$99.00

JOANNE

$125.00

$71.82

TURNER

$46.34

$99.50

EDDIE

$97.19

$246.70

ROSE LEE

$254.32

$0

$20

$40

$60

$80

$100

$120

JANUARY 2015 FEBRUARY 2015

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$140

$160

$180

$200

$220

$240

$260

CONCLUSIONS CRITIQUES + GOALS The 20K Homes also seek to be energy efficient to save the occupants money on electricity bills. The studio hoped to critique the past homes on energy efficiency by studying how much occupants pay for their energy. What the studio found was a vast mix of lifestyles that ended up making the data inconclusive. Rose Lee was facing high energy cost because she was heating her home with her stove. Facing inconclusive data, the studio then began focusing on meeting 2015 IECC to ensure a level of energy efficiency within the future designs.

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WINDOWS STRATEGIC USE OF NATURAL LIGHT In the past 20K Homes, there has been a vast difference in the amount of glass used in each of the homes. Windows are a tricky subject in affordable homes because they provide the benefits of natural light and ventilation if used properly, but they are also one of the most costly components of a home. The design strives to get the most out of each window that it can, while still providing adequate glass square footage for code requirements — not only for light but also for egress.

Many factors also influence the use of the window, such as the orientation of the house, the shade surrounding the house, and the position of the window within the room.

One behavior we have noticed in the past 20K Homes is that the residents are largely concerned with their privacy, and in many case, their windows are often covered up with curtains or blinds if they are positioned on the front of the home. This can lead to a dramatic cut in light and ventilation, which wastes the cost of putting in the window in the first place.

This led us to study the previous 20K Homes to see when the windows covered and when they were left uncovered.

We also compared the total square footages of glass in each of the homes. This way we can start to determine how that relates to the quality of natural light in the home, as well as which houses are meeting 2015 code.

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GLASS SQFT : PLAN SQFT GERALDINE

13%

MICHELLE

12%

IDELLA

11%

BOBBY

9%

SYLVIA

10%

EDDIE

11%

TURNER

15%

JOANNE

8%

MAC

10%

DAVE

6%

ROUNDWOOD

17%

32K

4%

ROSE LEE

7%

FRANK

18%

ELIZABETH

5%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

18%

20%

GLASS PERCENTAGE GLASS USAGE + DISTRIBUTION We compared the square footages of glass to both the square footage of the floor plan of the house and the square footage of the exterior siding of the house. These two resulted in two very different comparisons, since even though the square footages may be around the same on two of the homes; if one has more exterior siding square footage, then there is more opportunity to add windows.

Another thing we found is that some of the homes would not meet IRC 2015 code if built today. Specifically, Elizabeth, the 32K, Dave, and Rose Lees all did not meet 2015 IRC code, which concludes that glazing square footage must equal 8% of the floor area. In Dave’s house, there were also strategies used to reflect light and use light more efficiently. This is why Dave’s interior and Geraldine’s interior looks somewhat similar, even though Geraldine’s has twice the percentage of glass. Furthermore, there is somewhat of a jump in the percentage of glass once there are two bedrooms in order to get enough light in each room of the house.

Some of the percentages are actually surprising, such as Geraldine’s House. If just looking at the houses, one might think that Geraldine’s uses much more glass than the others. If you compare the percentages, that amount of glass is not unreasonable, and some of the one bedroom homes actually have a higher percentage per square foot.

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LIGHTING + CODE // window percentage GERALDINE HOUSE

DAVE HOUSE

IRC 2015 REQUIREMENT

LIVING

DINING

KITCHEN

BATHROOM

BEDROOM

2%

4%

6%

International Residential Code 2015 Requires 8% of the floor area to be visible glazing per room.

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

18%

20%

22%

24%

26%

28%

DAVE HOUSE NUMBER OF WINDOWS: 4 GLASS AREA: 32 sqft.

FLOOR AREA: 502 sqft.

6.4% of floor area

GERALDINE HOUSE NUMBER OF WINDOWS: 10 GLASS AREA: 120 sqft.

FLOOR AREA: 912 sqft.

11.2% of floor area

CONCLUSIONS CRITIQUES + GOALS The first step towards designing the amount of glazing in the home, was to ensure that future designs met the 2015 IRC glazing requirements. This ensured that the future designs would have a minimum of 8% glazing per floor area. The next step was designing with this minimum to cut costs and ensure each window is being used at its maximum potential through cross ventilation, its location in terms of surfaces that can reflect and diffuse the natural light, and seasonal shading to cut down on heat gains during the summer.

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WINDOWS + PORCHES HOW THE PORCH ENCOURAGES WINDOW USAGE Another trend we explored were the factors influenced occupants to cover up their windows. We had a hypothesis that if a window was covered by a porch, it was more likely that they would remain uncovered. This mainly would have to do with having another threshold to give the occupant a better sense of privacy when the windows are uncovered. The porch also protects the window from direct sunlight, potentially protecting against heat gain and harsh direct light. Potentially, putting the windows on the porch could be much more cost effective if it causes the occupants to leave the windows uncovered.

We went to a number of 20K Homes to see if this trend was correct, and in fact it was. Almost all of the windows on the front of the house were covered if they weren’t on a porch while 78% of the windows under the porches were uncovered or partially uncovered. This led us to question how we were going to position the windows within the new 20K Home. We wanted to position the windows so that owner will be most encouraged to leave them uncovered and open.

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THE IMPORTANCE OF A PORCH “Architecture, more than any other art form, is a social art and must rest on the social and cultural base of its time and place.� - Samuel Mockbee.

The porch has always been a key part of the 20K Home.

The porch is a large part of the culture of the south, so the Rural Studio found it important to include it with the 20K . In fact, most 20K Home clients spend a large amount of time on their porch; therefore, the porch is an integral part of the home and the design.

Protected, Comfortable + Safe Since many of the 20K Homes have been around for more than a few years, we have been able to receive feedback on how certain aspects of the home are performing. In particular, there have been pros and cons discovered with many of the porches. For example, Frank felt that the second porch was large and isolated, so he rarely used that porch since he wanted to be able to watch the street. Eddie, on the other hand, felt that his porch felt too open since it was open on all three sides, it had no railing, and it was on ground level. It didn’t feel truely connected to the home.

One Porch vs. Two Porches Some of the 20K homes have two porches, especially in the two bedroom homes. In these cases, we have found that either one of the porches is rarely used, or one of the porches is used for more storage. This makes us question, is there need for two porches, or is there need for more storage, more interior square footage, or one large porch?

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PORCH: SUCCESSES + PITFALLS

FRANK

EDDIE

MAC

Frank felt that the second porch was

Eddie, on the other hand, felt that

large and isolated, so he rarely used

his porch felt too open since it was

that porch since he wanted to be

open on all three sides, it had no

able to watch the street.

railing, and it was on ground level.

Mac’s Home is raised off the ground, and partially enclosed by the house. This makes it feel much more secure, while still being inviting by opening up to the landscape with the stairs.

It didn’t feel truly connected to the home.

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IDELLA

SYLVIA

GERALDINE

Idella’s had a very successful porch, even though it was on the ground.

It achieved separation from the landscape with columns integrated with benches lining the porch.

The front porch is used as a social space and for gathering, whereas the back porch is used for storage.

This storage could be more similar to outdoor storage, as opposed to the need for a closet or storage space within the home.

After analysis of the two porch homes, the 20K v17 home decided to go back to the one porch while making storage on the inside a priority.

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PORCH SIZE // sqft. area ONE PORCH HOUSES TWO PORCH HOUSES

two bedroom

GERALDINE

MICHELLE

IDELLA

BOBBY

SYLVIA

one bedroom

EDDIE

TURNER

JOANNE

MAC

DAVE

50

100

150

62

200

OB SE RV E

250

300

350

400

450

500

FRANK HOUSE

SYLVIA HOUSE

CONCLUSIONS CRITIQUES + GOALS The porch is an important area of design for any home in the southern vernacular. With each design of the 20K Home, a new look at the porch is created. When the studio moved to two bedroom homes, the houses also suddenly had two porches. This led to the question of whether or not the occupants were properly utilizing both porches when living within their home. Investigating houses with two porches revealed the second porch being used as a storage space instead of an exterior seating area. The studio this semester chose to focus on designing one porch and to look at putting the second porch space back into the interior area as places for storage.

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STORAGE AMOUNT // cubic ft. volume of total sqft.

two bedroom

GERALDINE

8.16%

MICHELLE

5.10%

IDELLA

4.20%

BOBBY

4.40%

SYLVIA

4.90%

one bedroom

EDDIE

3.28%

TURNER

3.76%

JOANNE

5.57%

MAC

3.29%

DAVE

4.28%

1%

2%

3%

4%

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5%

6%

7%

8%

9%

10%

DAVE HOUSE. STORAGE AMOUNT:

4547 cubic ft.

GERALDINE HOUSE. STORAGE AMOUNT:

7506 cubic ft.

CONCLUSIONS CRITIQUES + GOALS One area often overlooked in design for affordable housing is the amount of space allocated for storage. 20K v.17 Geraldine tackled this issue head on and focused on storage space as the main design issue. This year we compared the ratio of cubic feet of storage to the cubic feet of the home for the past 20K homes. With these ratios, we were able to compare the homes in terms of storage amounts. When the homes switched to two bedrooms, we noticed the ratio barely increased in terms of storage except in the case of Geraldine’s home that focused on storage. After looking at the numbers and visiting the houses, the studio decided to focus on meeting Geraldine’s ratio but, questioned the affordability of the IKEA storage wall.

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Geraldine // storage wall

STORAGE SURVEY In our research, we visited some of the existing 20K Homes and looked at how the clients were using their storage. We also conducted client interviews to ask them about the amount of storage that they had and how they used it. This gave us a better idea of not only the amount of storage that clients need, but also the kind of storage clients need.

In Rose Lee’s home, the client expressed that they felt that there was enough storage, but they wished that more of it was covered. Another interesting component was the display case. We originally thought that something like this could be used as storage or shelving, but something that is in sight is used only for display. This is not necessarily bad, but we need to understand the different uses.

In Geraldine’s home, there is ample storage, and everything has its place. The storage was definitely being used, but things were neatly put away, and did not need to be crammed. Another advantage of this home is that all of the storage is covered with doors, as opposed to uncovered or with curtains. This allows privacy for their storage, while also maintaining a clean look when things are put away. Geraldine said that she felt like she had enough storage, but also felt like it was necessary for the home.

In Idella’s home, there is a significant lack of storage. The client actually added their own storage shelves, and there are even items blocking the back door because of lack of a place to put them. A lot of the storage was open, and made the spaces feel very cluttered.

In Joanne’s home, there was also not enough storage, especially in the kitchen. This surprised us because we had seen her kitchen as a very efficient layout. This potentially could be because there is not overhead storage.

There were items left on the counter because there simply wasn’t space for it elsewhere. Another issue was the size of the laundry area being too small for the dryer, which was being stored outside on the porch.

In Eddie’s home, things are also neatly put away, and there is also a larger percentage of storage. This is partially because the closet in the bedroom also doubles as a storm shelter, so it is larger than most other 20K Homes. The neatness of this home could also do with the habits of the client themselves.

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Eddie // kitchen

Joanne // dining

Rose Lee // bed + display

Idella // kitchen back

Joanne // kitchen

Idella // kitchen front

Idella // dining wall

67 R U R A L ST U D I O

DEMOGRAPHICS THE CHANGING AMERICAN FAMILY Our first step as a team was to start by analyzing the United States Census data to get a better understanding of the make up of American households. This included reviewing data at the national, state, and local level, and more specifically focused on the American Community Survey, and the American Housing Survey.

Through our research we found that the changing American family is under represented in both commercial housing and the 20K Homes.

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NEWBERN

GREENSBORO

DEMOPOLIS

69 R U R A L ST U D I O

UNIONTOWN

TUSCALOOSA

non-traditional

traditional

HOW THE U.S. CENSUS DEFINES HOUSEHOLDS // vs. HOW WE DEFINE IT.

70 5M

10M

OB SE RV E 15M

20M

25M

30M

35M

DEFINING FAMILY U.S. CENSUS DATA ANALYSIS Family ‘A’

Family ‘B’

During our research, we found that the US Census

This family type includes an independent member

defines any family that is not a husband and wife or a

that lives with family in the home. Some examples of

husband and wife with kids as a non traditional family.

this would be an uncle living with a family, two adult

This means that single parents, unmarried partners,

siblings living together, or an adult son or daughter

and those living alone are considered non traditional.

moving back in with their parents. A family of this

Although this information is relevant for the changing

kind has different design needs than a typical nuclear

family dynamic for the United States, it does not have

family, especially in areas of separation of space and

the same impact for designers. There is very little

privacy. Through our research we found that this type

difference in designing for a gay couple with children

of family is growing in the United States, and we are

or a single parent with children versus a mother, father,

going to refer to this family type as “Family B.” We are

and children. These family types would not be vastly

doing this in a way to not suggest that one family type is

different from designing for a typical nuclear family,

better than the other, but to show that they do function

for the function of the family remains the same. We

differently within a home. We are avoiding the terms

chose to define any family that could be served by

“traditional” and “non-traditional,” since those can be

typical nuclear family design as Family A. This allowed

considered misleading. The way a family lives can be

us to begin focusing on the underserved families that

impacted by many things, such as culture, finances,

wouldn’t benefit from typical nuclear family design.

medical conditions, and many others.

71 R U R A L ST U D I O

HOUSEHOLD OF 2+ PEOPLE // U.S.

HOUSEHOLD BY BEDROOM // U.S.

HOUSEHOLD BY FAMILY SIZE // U.S.

5+BED

4%

0 BED

2%

5+PERSON

1 BED

38%

10%

11%

4+ BED

16%

FAMILY B

13%

2 BED

62%

3 BED

27%

3 PERSON

16%

40%

FAMILY A

HOUSEHOLD OF 2+ PEOPLE IN HALE CO. // 2013

1 PERSON

27%

4 PERSON

2 PERSON

34%

HOUSEHOLD BY BEDROOM IN HALE CO. // 2013 0 BED

1%

1 BED

4%

44%

FAMILY B

4+ BED

56%

17%

FAMILY A = 2458 households

FAMILY A

2 BED

23%

FAMILY B = 1963 households

*excludes single occupants.

3 BED

55%

HOUSEHOLD BY FAMILY SIZE IN HALE CO. // 2010

0 BED = 55 households 5+PERSON

4 PERSON

13%

9%

1 BED = 317 households 2 BED = 1744 households

1 PERSON

29%

3 BED = 4238 households

proposed 20K Home 2 bedroom 20K Homes 1 bedroom 20K Homes

3 PERSON

17%

2 PERSON

32%

1 PERSON = 1852 households 2 PERSON = 2011 households 3 PERSON = 1037 households 4 PERSON = 802 households

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5+ PERSON = 571 households

4+ BED = 1288 households

NATIONAL vs. LOCAL A CLOSER LOOK AT HOUSEHOLDS When choosing the family type we were designing for, it was important to understand how numerous this family type was nationally and locally. We also began looking at the housing market to see general house types in terms of bedrooms and the size of families. Understanding this data would allow us to assess the need for such a home.

We could see what families and what areas of the market past the 20K Homes had managed to cover and then begin designing a home that could fill gaps and expand the coverage of the 20K Home product line.

73 R U R A L ST U D I O

38%

FAMILY B

62%

FAMILY A

UNITED STATES Percentage of Family B in the United States in households of two people or more.

44%

FAMILY B

56%

FAMILY A

HALE COUNTY Percentage of Family B in Hale County in households of two people or more.

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FAMILY B WHO ARE THEY? In the United States, Family B makes up 38% of households with two or more people. This population suggests that houses should be designed for more than just the typical nuclear family. This data was collected by analyzing certain parts of the American Community Survey and the American Housing survey. These have survey sections that specifically indicate housing type of occupants categorized by relationship. This included but was not limited to grandparents, other relatives, and roommates. When zooming into Hale county, we found that the percentage of Family B actually increased to 44%.

This indicates, that in rural areas, it is even more common for people to live in this manner. This puts the Rural Studio in the ideal position to explore designing housing for this demographic, especially with the 20K Home.

75 R U R A L ST U D I O

2000 + 2010 CENSUS POPULATION BY AGE GROUP

2000

2010

103,336,867

102,380,409

80,473,265

85,405,385

PERCENT CHANGES IN AGE GROUPS // 2000 - 2010

2000 CENSUS POPULATION BY AGE GROUP

55.6%

30-49

2010 CENSUS POPULATION BY AGE GROUP

40-59

76

HOUSING IS ON THE RISE

OB SE RV E

MULTIGENERATIONAL FAMILY WHY ARE THEY IMPORTANT? Multigenerational families are particulary contributing to the rise in Family B in recent years. This has to do with the rise in age of the baby boomers and their children. This creates an environment where many people are reaching the age in which they need to support their parents. Because of this, more parents are moving back in with their children.

Another factor is the increased cost of living and the rising cost of college education, prompting some young adults to move back in with their parents. There were 1.2 million new multigenerational homes in just 2000-2010 in the United States, and cencus data suggests that this trend is going to continue.

Graph Observation In these graphs one can see the difference in the population by age in just ten years. There are two distinct rises in populations move between the ten years. Because of this rise in the aging population, we decided that the 20K Home should address some level of accessibility. The previous homes have looked into ADA accessibility, but this is very restrictive in terms of use of space, and can make the home increase in size very quickly. This lead us to look into the Fair Housing Act, or FHA.

77 R U R A L ST U D I O

UNITED STATES:

percentage multigenerational

15%

ALABAMA:

4.3% 9.7% 5.5% 5.1% 3.7% 8.4% 6.0% 6.5%

22% 13%

POVERTY LINE BY # OF PERSONS PER HOUSEHOLD

AFRICAN AMERICANS

22%

HISPANIC AMERICANS ASIAN AMERICANS AMERICAN INDIAN NATIVE HAWAIIANS INTERACIAL OTHER

OCCUPATIONS IN HALE COUNTY

$11,770 $15,930 $20,090

OB SE RV E

construction

farming

sales

service

transportation

78

professionals

$28,410

management

$24,250

$30,051

ALABAMA:

CAUCASIAN AMERICANS

POVERTY TRENDS + MULTIGENERATIONAL FAMILIES In the United States, fourteen percent of homes are below the poverty line, which does not differ much in multigenerational homes nationally, which is at fifteen percent. In Alabama, the difference between multigenerational households and non-multigenerational households becomes much more important. Twentytwo percent of Multigenerational homes are below the poverty line, whereas, only thirteen percent of nonmultigenerational homes are below the poverty line.

In addition, any race that is not caucasian is more likely to be in a multigenerational home, with the highest percentage being in African Americans. This is especially relevant in areas like Hale County, AL, where African Americans make up fifty-eight percent of the population, and the average income is only $30, 051 per household as opposed to the national average of $51,939. Areas like these can deeply benefit from making an affordable housing option for these families in rural areas.

79 R U R A L ST U D I O

ELIZABETH 20Kv.01 total sqft: 630

IDELLA 20Kv.14 total sqft: 1014

ROSE LEE total sqft: 855

SYLVIA 20Kv.13 total sqft: 784

MICHELLE 20Kv.16 total sqft: 916

BOBBY 20Kv.15 total sqft: 900

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bedroom

living + dining + kitchen

bath + service GERALDINE 20Kv.17 total sqft: 1009

20K: ORGANIZATION OBSERVATION OF SPATIAL TRENDS In the previous 20K two bedroom homes, the living, dining, and kitchen spaces are included in one open area.

This is a common strategy in small homes to give the home a “grand� space. This is also used commonly for typical nuclear families since it is believed to promote a more social aspect to the home.

We began to consider splitting up these spaces in order to give the house more flexiblitlity towards the family needs. With split spaces, they can be used for different activites without impeding on each other. It also gives the rooms the ability to change over time with the needs of the family. Perhaps a family has two young children, and as they age, they now require their own rooms. The dining space could turn into that extra bedroom for that family.

This can have a negative effect on Family B because there are members of the home that might need more independence. If a grandmother wants to watch a loud TV show in the living space but a parent needs to do paperwork in the home, this can lead to conflict.

Because you have a more diverse set of needs of the family members in the home, the open floor plan can be restricting for the family.

81 R U R A L ST U D I O

0 BED

1%

1 BED

4%

0 BED = 55 households 1 BED = 317 households 2 BED = 1744 households 3 BED = 4238 households 4+ BED = 1288 households

4+ BED

17%

2 BED

23% 3 BED

55% MARKETS IN HALE CO. Percentage of households in Hale County by bedroom.

5+PERSON

9%

4 PERSON

13%

1 PERSON

29%

2 bedroom 20K houses 1 bedroom 20K houses

3 PERSON

17%

proposed 20K house

2 PERSON

32%

1 PERSON = 1852 households 2 PERSON = 2011 households 3 PERSON = 1037 households

MARKETS IN HALE CO. Percentage of households in Hale County by number of people.

82 OB SE RV E

4 PERSON = 802 households 5+ PERSON = 571 households

FLEX LIVING SPACE PROPOSAL EXPANDING CLIENT COVERAGE After considering having separate living spaces within the two bedroom 20K Home, we looked into how this extra space could serve the Hale County population.

If you look at the past 20K Homes, the one bedroom homes can service one person, a person with a disability, or a couple. They cannot really cover any other situation of two people living together, such as siblings, or an adult with a child.

The current two bedroom 20K Homes can service one person, most two people situations, and potentially a small nuclear family. However, Family B types are not properly served by the conglomerate space. By breaking this space apart, the house gains more flexibility in terms of serving these families.

By breaking the conglomerate space apart many different family configurations become possible in this home, allowing the home to address a larger amount of people than the other 20K Homes. It can also serve a larger nuclear family with the possibility for the room to turn into a third bedroom. Three bedroom homes also make up the largest portion of the housing market in Hale County, AL. By creating a 20K Home option that has three bedrooms we can expand the reach of the 20K Home project into the largest section of the housing market and reach more clients.

83 R U R A L ST U D I O

HOME OCCUPANCY SURVEY UNDERSTANDING OUR CLIENT-BASE In our efforts to gain a better understanding of the housing situations in Greensboro, the studio wrote a survey as a whole to be distributed to local families.

These surveys were distrubuted to students we helped tutor at Greensboro Elementary School. The surveys were distributed to the children with instructions to fill them out with their parents. The questions would let us gain a better understanding of how families lived in Greensboro.

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85 R U R A L ST U D I O

SURVEY //

Greensboro Elementary

Hello! We students at the Rural Studio have put together a survey to create a study on home occupant habits and comfort. We would greatly appreciate it if you and your family took the time to answer these questions. These answers will help us to design even better homes for the people of Hale County this year. Thank you.

How many people live in your home, including yourself? _____ 1

______ 2

_______ 3

______ 4

______ 5 or more people

What are their ages? _______________________________________________________________________ Your family likes to cook regularly.

Strongly Agree Agree

Neither agree nor disagree Disagree

Strongly Disagree

What is your favorite place in your home?

Kitchen

Living Room

Dining Room Bedroom Porch

There is enough storage in your home for all of your family’s belongings.

Strongly Agree Agree

Neither agree nor disagree Disagree

How many bedrooms are in your home? ______________________________________ Does anyone sleep outside of a bedroom? (living or dining room) Yes

You like to see sunlight in your room when you wake up in the morning.

Strongly Agree Agree

Neither agree nor disagree Disagree

No

Is there anyone outside your immediate family that lives in your home?

Yes

No

Do you currently rent or pay a mortgage for your home? Or do you own your home?

Your family watches TV while eating dinner.

Always Often Sometimes Rarely Never

_____________________________________ If you are paying a mortgage...

Would you ever rent out a part of your house to recive extra income?

Yes

Where do you spend the most time in your home?

Kitchen

Living Room

Dining Room Bedroom Porch

No

If you had the chance to, would you share your bathroom, kitchen, and washer/dryer to lower your monthly bill?

Yes

86 OB SE RV E

No

Do you ever work from home? (write business emails, do your household budget, fix cars outside) Yes

Do you have coverings over your windows?

Curtains Blinds Both None

No

If yes, what do you do? _____________________________________

Would you prefer to have sunlight in your bedroom in the morning or the evening?

If yes, how many hours per week do you work at home?

Morning Evening Both Neither

less than 2 hours 2-4 hours 4-6 hours 6-8 hours

Do you have a garden?

Yes No

No, but I would like one.

Do you have a place to do this kind of work in your home?

Yes

No

What type of air conditioning do you use?

Window Unit

Central Air System (thermostat)

Other _________________

Do you ever have guests stay at your house? (relatives, house guests, friends...)

Yes

No What type of heat do you use?

Gas Electric

Other _________________

If yes, how long do they typically stay?

less than 1 day 1-2 days 2-4 days more than 4 days

How much is your electricity bill each month?

What do you do on your porch/deck? (sit, eat, read, talk on the phone, etc.)

less than $50 $50-$100 $100-$150 $150-$200

more than $200

______________________________________ What do you do in your yard? (exercise, chop wood, play, etc.)

What is a comfortable indoor temperature for you? (In Fahrenheit)

______________________________________ List the number of windows you have in the following rooms:

Bedroom ______________

Living Room ______________ Kitchen ______________

Summer

74-78 degrees 79-82 degrees 83-86 degrees 87-90 degrees other ________

87 R U R A L ST U D I O

Winter 65-68 degrees 69-72 degrees 73-76 degrees 77-81 degrees other ________

SURVEY RESPONSE //

Greensboro Elementary

We received 19 responses from the survey, and the answers proved to be quite varied. The percentages of the answers are given in each bar, and the order of the answers coordinating with the bar are listed below it.

How many people live in your home, including yourself?

Average number of people: 4.4 What are their ages? _______________________________________________________________________ Your family likes to cook regularly.

42%

How many bedrooms are in your home?

48%

5%

5%5%

Strongly Agree, Agree, Disagree, Strongly Disagree

5%

Does anyone sleep outside of a bedroom? (living or dining room)

There is enough storage in your home for all of your family’s belongings.

42%

21%

2 bed, 3 bed, 4 bed, 5 bed

21%

5%5% Yes, Sometimes, No

11%

Strongly Agree, Agree, Disagree, Strongly Disagree

Is there anyone outside your immediate family that lives in your home?

You like to see sunlight in your room when you wake up in the morning.

21% 21% 5%

32% No, n/a

Do you currently rent or pay a mortgage for your home? Or do you own your home?

Strongly Agree, Agree, Neither, Disagree, Strongly Disagree

32%

Your family watches TV while eating dinner.

21%

16%

42%

16%

5%

If you are paying a mortgage...

Always, Often, Sometimes, Rarely, Never

Would you ever rent out a part of your house to receive extra income?

Where do you spend the most time in your home?

63%

32% No, Yes

5% 5%

Living Room, Bedroom, Kitchen, Porch

What is your favorite place in your home?

42% 42%

16%

Rent, Mortgage, Own, n/a

If you had the chance to, would you share your bathroom, kitchen, and washer/dryer to lower your monthly bill?

32%

16%

Yes, No

Living Room, Bedroom, Porch

88 OB SE RV E

68

Do you ever work from home? (write business emails, do your household budget, fix cars outside)

Do you have coverings over your windows?

16%

Curtains, Blinds, Neither, Both

5% 16%

84%

53%

Yes, No

Would you prefer to have sunlight in your bedroom in the morning or the evening?

If yes, what do you do?

Answers included: N/A

21%

If yes, how many hours per week do you work at home?

21%

21%

37%

Morning, Evening, Both, Neither

Answers included: 2-8 hours

Do you have a garden?

Do you have a place to do this kind of work in your home?

31%

53%

16%

Yes, No, No but would like one

48%

What type of air conditioning do you use?

Yes, No, n/a

Do you ever have guests stay at your house? (relatives, house guests, friends...)

79%

47%

53%

Window Unit, Central Air

21%

Yes, No

What type of heat do you use?

If yes, how long do they typically stay?

63% 53%

5%16%

11%

Gas, Electric, Wood

1-2 days, 2-4 days, 5+ days, n/a

How much is your electricity bill each month?

What do you do on your porch/deck? (sit, eat, read, talk on the phone, etc.)

Answers included:, Sitting, eating, reading, cooking, talking on the phone

5%16%

What is a comfortable indoor temperature for you? (In Fahrenheit)

List the number of windows you have in the following rooms: Bedroom: Living Room Kitchen

42%

$50-$100, $100-$150, $150-$200, $2

What do you do in your yard? (exercise, chop wood, play, etc.)

Answers include: Exercise, play, garden, read, clean

37%

Summer

5% 63%

16%

5%5%

70-74 degrees, 74-78 degrees, 79-82 degrees, 83-86 degrees, n/a

Average: 1.3 Average: 2 Average: 1.7

Winter 5% 37%

89 R U R A L ST U D I O

21%

5%

“Design - with a capital ‘D’ - is science and fire. Don’t lose sight of the fire of design.”

- Clifton Burt

DESIGN

91 R U R A L ST U D I O

DEMOGRAPHICS TEAM Our team’s challenge was to gain a better understanding of American demographics and the possible future trends. After assessing the data, we were to take this information and design a house appropriate to the information we found.

When we studied the census data, we discovered a househould type that was not typically designed for. This family type differed from the typical family organization of parent(s) and children. Some examples of these families include two adult siblings living together, aging parents with an adult son or daughter, and inlaws living with a couple.

In these households, having only one social spaceis not always ideal. We wanted to design a home that could prove both independent parties witha social space for each to ulitize in the manner they found appropriate. Past 20K Homes utilized one conglomerate social space that contained the kitchen, living, and dining spaces. The only separate spaces for occupants in past homes were the bedrooms. Our strategy involved breaking off a piece of this area into a “flex space� that could serve as a second living area for the extra family member.

93 R U R A L ST U D I O

CONCEPT THE FLEXIBLE LIVING SPACE The design challenge we chose for our teams was to expand the reach of the 20K Home to families that had an extra family member not present in the standard nuclear family.

To reach these families, we focused on breaking up the combined living, kitchen, and dining space common within the past 20K Homes. By breaking this space apart we are able to give the family a space that can be used to serve whatever need the family experienced.

In terms of the family with an extra member, this space can serve as an extra social space allowing the extra member more independence. In terms of a nuclear family this room can serve as a play area for children, a home office, or a third bedroom if the family needs to grow.

This “flex space� can take on any identity required by the family within the home. This design gives the family greater flexibility in deciding how they wish to live within the home while addressing an underserved family type within the 20K Home.

94 D E SI G N

95 R U R A L ST U D I O

1

BLLB

2

LBLB

3

LBBL

4

L BB L

5

BB LL 96 D E SI G N

L

K

D

living + kitchen + dining

D

K

L

PLAN DEVELOPMENT The groundwork for our plan design started in a plan developed in the “Frankenstein� workshop headed by our professor Xavier Vendrell. This plan was organized as a bar with bedrooms and an accompanying bedroom on each end of the house. The living room and the dining room were divided by a central hub that contained the kitchen and laundry area. Moving with the bar scheme, we built off this plan and continued to break up the conglomerate space in each design.

97 R U R A L ST U D I O

EARLY PLAN This plan first explored the notion of separating the living, kitchen, dining group.

total sqft: 900

DEFINE FLEXIBLE We then discussed the greater potentials of flexibility that come from a second living space and what that meant for the house.

total sqft: 910

THREE WALLS OF LIGHT Three walls of light give a beautiful quality of life by light in living spaces.

total sqft: 1147

98 D E SI G N

CIRRCULATION Realizing that pushing the bedrooms inside created much wasted cirrculation spaces, we then rotated the end living spaces to bring cirrculation back into the living spaces.

total sqft: 1086

DRIVING DIMENSIONS Meeting Fair Housing Act code requirements is a priority that drives the back bar dimension of the plan diagram.

FLIP THE LIVING SPACES

total sqft: 1099

FLIP THE LIVING SPACES Realizing that there was a slight disconnect from kitchen to both living spaces, we flipped the two rooms.

total sqft: 1124

99 R U R A L ST U D I O

“You can further something infinitesimally with optimism in small changes percolating through.�

- Dan Wheeler

100 D E SI G N

101 R U R A L ST U D I O

FINAL FLOOR PLAN The final floor plan continues the organization of a rear night/service bar and forward day/social bar with the addition of a second bathroom. The kitchen and the main social space share diagonal views to allow a social connection between the spaces. The “flex space” and the main social space are separated by the inset porch which serves as their connection to maintain a fluid social bar instead of two separate social spaces.

1 FLEX SPACE

5 PORCH

In the final plan, our flex space is represented as a dining space separate from the kitchen and living room expressing our design decision to break apart the kitchen/living/dining conglomerate space present in past 20k homes. It has been sized to fit a queen bed and a two foot deep closet with two and a half feet space on each side of the bed.

2 LIVING AREA

The inset porch is designed as a part of the front social bar. It connects the two social spaces while also keeping the “flex space” separated from the main social space. Sliding windows provide visual connections to and from the social spaces. Its materiality, depth, and the sliding doors denote it as interior to create a fluid social bar.

6 PRIMARY BATHROOM

The living room is placed opposite the flex space and shares diagonal views with the kitchen. A large sliding window visually connects it to the porch while the other windows in the room are positioned to bounce light off the interior walls into the space.

3 BEDROOMS The bedrooms are sized to allow three feet at the end of a queen bed with two and half on each side and still leave space for a two foot deep closet.

Entries to the bedrooms are perpendicular to the dividing wall. This means exiting the bedrooms will not immediately place you within the front social bar.

4 KITCHEN The kitchen has its own space in the night/service bar and has views onto the porch and into the back yard.

102 D E SI G N

The larger bathroom meets the requirements for a Fair Housing Act type B bathroom. Proper clear spaces are provided for the tub, toilet, and sink.

The water heater and a stacked laundry unit are also place within the space allowing the larger bathroom to also serve as a laundry and utility space.

7 SECONDARY BATHROOM Because the first bathroom is type B, the second bathroom is not required to have clear spaces and can be dimensioned using space requirements in 2015 IRC. This allowed the second bathroom to be extremely compact and efficient. The second bathroom was added when concerns were raised about the possibility of the house housing over five people if the flex space was utilized as an extra bedroom.

6

7 4

1

3

2 5

103 R U R A L ST U D I O

FAIR HOUSING ACT “People who have disabilities have the right of choice.�

- Katrina Van Valkenburg In the effort to make the 20K Home an affordable option for everyone, the studio has been designing for acessibility in the homes.

This year, two of our consultants suggested we take a look at the Fair Housing Act and their guidelines for accessbility. The FHA guidelines serve as the ADA guidelines for residential projects. The guidelines only come into effect when a building has four or more residential units, but the Rural Studio holds the design of the 20K Home to a high standard and wants to ensure accessibility to the homes regardless of mobile ability.

The FHA guidelines call for clear spaces at various appliances and at various areas in the house to ensure someone using a wheelchair can maneuver into postion and use the appliance or space in question.

Instead of designing for a five foot turn radius, the guidelines allowed us to push the efficiency of accessible design and keep the square footage costs down.

104 D E SI G N

105 R U R A L ST U D I O

106 D E SI G N

BENEFITS OF F.H.A. “Code is the minimum, not the limit.�

-Cheryl and Ravi The Fair Housing Act was established in 1968, as part of the Civil Rights Act and was orignially enacted to ban the discrimination in the sale, rent, or financing of housing based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. It was expanded on in 1988, with the Fair Housing Amendments Act, which added no discrimination based on disability or familial status. This meant that housing of four units or more need to be partly accessible based on guidelines with specific clearances for wheelchairs and extra blocking in the walls for the ability to add grab bars if need be.

The Fair Housing act was not made to give full accessibility, but a reasonable amount to be expected in a home. This is why we found it more applicable to the 20K Homes than an ADA accessible home. The Fair Housing act is more about giving someone the opportunity to age in their home or to give someone in a wheelchair greater freedom within the home. Because of this, the spaces and allowable clearances are much more comparable to a normal home.

Under normal circumstances, the 20K Home would not be regulated to these codes because they are not built in units or communities of four, but these codes provide helpful guidelines for what we want to achieve.

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NIGHT DAY NIGHT + DAY The house is broken into two separate bars that organize the spaces based on their uses within the home. The back bar is considered a night/service bar. It holds the bedrooms where the occupants will sleep and the bathrooms and kitchen that act as service areas. The front bar is a social/ day bar. The living spaces and porch will be used during the day for various social activities.

108 D E SI G N

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ATELIER BOW-WOW TESTING THE FLEX SPACE IN FAMILY SCENARIO DRAWINGS Part of our plan design exercises involved using a form of the Atelier Bow-Wow. After drawing a plan, we would go back with a family scenario and place them within the home. We would have discussions about how the families would use the home and then draw them using the different spaces as a way to test the ability of the plan to support various family scenarios.

When choosing scenarios, we wanted to not only cover the family type we considered underserved, but also ensure the home could serve a nuclear family just as well. This meant looking at homes where inlaws had moved back in while also looking at homes that included multiple children. These exercises allowed us to begin looking at the plans through more than just furniture iterations and opened us up to the possible various social scenarios and differences that could occur within the home based on the family within. This helped provide a basis for general space organization.

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YOUNG COUPLE In this scenario, a newly wed couple has purchased the home as a starter home. The “flex space” is being used as a dining room, and the second bedroom serves as a guest room. The porch and living room can be used to host gatherings with friends and family.

COUPLE + CHILD + EXPECTING The family has grown with the addition of a child and the mother is expecting another soon. The “flex space” is now a home office so the mother can work from home and still spend time with her children. The size of the living room lets the family move the dining table into the space.

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COUPLE + OLDER CHILDREN The young boy and his sister are young enough to share a room together for a few years. This allows the “flex space” to serve as a children’s play room giving the children their own space to play with games and toys letting the parents relax in the main social space.

COUPLE + TEENAGERS + PET Once the children reach teenage years, it becomes necessary for them to have their own rooms. The “flex space” now serves as a third bedroom. This removes the need for the family to buy a new house and has allowed them to grow into the home.

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+ ELDERLY SISTERS In this scenario two elderly sisters have moved in together.

They each have their own bathroom and bedroom but can share the main social spaces for hosting. The depth of the porch and roof overhang ensure a shaded comfortable place for reading during the summer as well.

+ ELDERLY COUPLE + LIVE-IN NURSE If an elderly couple moves into this home and requires a live in nurse, the “flex space” can serve as a separate social space for the nurse. This allows her to constantly be in the home but doesn’t force her to feel like she might intrude on the couples social space when she wishes to take a break.

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118 D E SI G N

CONSULTATION with Ashley Kerr, local non-profit developer

Q: I know last time we talked about the following scenario: a family needs a home immediately but they can only be qualified for X amount of bedrooms that accommodates them but later down the line they know that they will have a grandparent that needs to move in and they will need an extra room. We were wondering how often do cases like that come up?

A: I don’t think there is any average of when that happens, but what comes to mind is around zoning which you don’t have in rural areas. You need a certain amount of rooms or space per person which don’t necessarily happens where you guys are trying to build these homes. So you would need to talk to the particular service provider that is providing the services or the housing for the family.

Q: Cases like those do happen, there is a possibility of it happening.

A: Yes. I dont think it has to be a parent; it could be another kid or something along those lines. An instance where the family needs to grow.

Q: What is the general process of approving families for this kind of housing?

A: It generally depends on the housing authorities in the county, as well as, guidelines that are based upon the people and their ages that are trying to obtain a home. This tends to also depend on the federal program in that area.

Quote from Ashley: “What a family does in their home is their business.”

- These homes could potentially be a four or five bedroom home.

- It is hard to house large homeless families. This home brings about the flexibility for a very large family to possibly occupy it.

Q: How would you market the house?

A: This house could easily work as a 2 or 3 bedroom house. It is up to the group trying to sell the house as to how it is marketed.

- This design is an expansion on the accessibility model for the 20K.

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FRONT

EAST

BACK

WEST

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MATERIALS t fron

Metal + Plywood Continuing the idea of cutting down on construction time, our team chose to use metal siding instead of hardie board.

The panels are cut to length and come prepainted in a variety of colors, provided by the manufacturer. While siding a wall might take a couple days using hardie board, siding the same wall with metal only takes an afternoon.

When the metal needs to be cut for windows or angles, a chalk line and an angle grinder make quick work of the necessary cuts, reducing construction slow downs. The use of the j-channel flashing and the integrated j-channel flashing on windows allows builders to hide possible rough cuts.

sid

e

bite

face concept.

r ski

ex

inne

o• sk

n

in

Beam

skin concept.

When designing the attachment for the sliding door, we discovered that the door could not attach through the metal siding. To resolve this shift in siding, we decided to extend the trim of the beam across the facade for the length of the door attachment. This technique creates a band across the front facade highlighting the path of the doors. J-channel flashing is bent around this band to denote a feeling of being inset into the facade while providing cover for possible rough cut edges in the metail.

band

beam concept.

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beam + door detail.

covered purlins.

porch corner detail.

painted plywood.

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ZIP PANELS SHEATHING TYPE The studio had chosen this year to focus on expediting the construction of the 20K Homes by cutting down on the time required build the homes. The zip panel system proved itself to fit this ideal while providing added benefits not given by standard sheathing methods. The zip panels are applied in the same manner as osb sheathing, but the panels also act as the vapor barrier, air barrier, and provide a layer of continuous insulation stopping thermal bridging through the studs. After the panels are attached, the seams can be taped by a single person quickly and efficiently.

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THE PORCH The porch is an important element in the design of a southern home.

Architecturally, it connects the house to the yard and the street. Socially, the porch is the connection to neighboring friends, families and houses.

It can serve as an area for private reading or a space for open celebration.

Families can gather and eat on a porch or it can serve as an area for children to play in. Our goal was to design a porch that could rise to the various social challenges often placed on southern porches. We wanted this porch to act as more than a division between the “flex space” and the main social space.

The design of the porch needed to connect these two spaces to ensure a continuous front social bar while also keeping them separate to allow the “flex space” to retain it’s own identity. To ensure this fluid social bar, we focused on designing the porch in a manner that allows it to act as part of the interior of the home.

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porch siding: sanded + painted plywood panel layout.

exterior siding: corrugated metal ribbed panels porch siding: sanded + painted plywood

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PORCH MATERIAL The first strategy for having the porch connect to the visual spaces was to use a material that mimicked the material language of the interior. Drywall is the standard interior material used in the 20K Homes. It is painted white and has a smooth texture. We chose to panalize sanded plywood, sealed with a white primer, to evoke the same interior on the porch.

VISUAL CONNECTIONS The next strategy for connecting the porch space to the interior is the use of strong visual connections. The large sliding windows in both social spaces provide views on the porch and can be left open to allow air and conversation to pass to and from the spaces. Providing this transparency would mean looking onto the porch would feel the same as looking into other rooms of the house.

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PORCH DOORS DIVIDED BUT CONNECTED The last step in creating a porch that could serve as the connecting interior space for the front social bar, is providing the space with a fourth wall. Studying Idella’s porch allowed us to see that a secondary barrier between the porch face and the exterior gave a contained feeling to the porch. A barrier that was too sparse wouldn’t contain the space of the porch, and a barrier that was too strong would stifle social expansion into the yard. Our solution is a set of sliding screen doors. When closed, the space is provided with a fourth wall finalizing the interior feeling of the space. When open, social activity can easily spread from the interior of the porch to the exterior spaces.

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PORCH SIZING TESTING DEPTH + LIGHT The size of the porch is important to the design. It needed to be large enough to be properly utilized as an interior space, but it also needed to avoid being so deep that natural light didn’t penetrate far enough into the space. The base requirement for sizing the porch was decided by designing for a table that could seat six without impeding access to the doorway. To test the depth and size we built a porch spacial mockup at 1:1 scale. Using this mockup, we were able to test the spacial and light quality of the space and ensure our design met the qualifications we had chosen.

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NATURAL LIGHT + VENTILATION Purposeful Window Placement When placing windows in this plan, we focused on cross ventilation, light reflection, and visual axes. Two visual axes are created using the windows aligned with the entryway, and the window on the porch with the back door in the kitchen. The windows in the living and bedrooms are placed to reflect light off nearby walls while the porch windows are shaded to protect from heat gain.

vi

su

al

light

Cross Ventilation To increase the passive capabilities of the homes, we focused on placing our windows to create cross ventilation over the occupants. Cross ventilation helps cool the occupant only when the breeze is crossing over them. By positioning our windows to create diagonal lines through the spaces, we ensured the cross ventilation would pass over the occupants.

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vent

136 D E SI G N

LIGHTING STRATEGIES For our artificial lighting strategies, we focused on the reflection of of light by placing fixtures near walls. This technique, called wall washing, creates a diffuse light by reflecting light from the fixtures off the wall into the space.

The reflected light is less harsh than direct lighting from fixtures. This also avoids placing a fixture in the center of the room, leaving corners dark and giving the room an overall smaller feel.

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living + porch bar section

service + sleep bar section

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living + bedroom section

porch + kitchen section

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KITCHEN PERSPECTIVE

VISUAL CONNECTIONS THROUGH FLEX-SPACE

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LIVING SPACE PERSPECTIVE

VISUAL CONNECTIONS THROUGH LIVING SPACE

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“Architecture, more than any other art form, is a social art and must rest on the social and cultural base of its time and place.�

- Sambo Mockbee

DO

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TESTING THE DETAILS AND FINDING THE DEVIL To prove that they are ready to build, every team at the Rural Studio is required to construct a mockup that tests the legitimacy of their construction details. Designing these mockups involves creating a simple set of construction documents containing wall framing, detail plans and sections. Excerpts are shown on the left.

We designed our mockup to allow us to test as many details as possible. With this mockup we were able to test all possible corner details on the house by putting in the porch beam, flahing details for corners, trim, and fascia board, attaching the box rail, and building the layered sliding doors.

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SILL PLATES SQUARE The first step to building our mockup was laying the sill plates. After running squared chalk lines, we ran two lines of caulk under the sill seal near the exterior and a third line on the interior side.

SECURE With the caulk lines down, we could place the sill plate on top and square it. After securing it in place, we used the drill and hammer drill in sucession to prepare holes for the capcon concrete screws used to secure the sill plate to the slab.

ATTACH With the hole drilled and countersunk, the screw was put in place using an impact driver. This process was repeated for each sill plate in the mockup.

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zip panel

sill seal

caulk bead

green-treated 2x4

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FRAMING SHEATH + RAISE After we framed out the walls according to the framing plans, we sheathed them with the zip panels before raising them. JAS Design Build had suggested we give this method a try in real construction, since sheathing on the ground proves much easier and more efficient.

CONSIDER WEIGHT While the smaller walls weren’t heavy, it wasn’t hard to imagine how heavy the full sized wall would be when building the house. The teams decided that they would be ready to help other teams lift walls if they wanted to continue with presheathing.

CALCULATE OVERLAPS When presheathing the walls, we had to account for the sill plates and second top plates by leaving a 1.5 inch overlap of the zip panel on both the top and bottom of the framed walls.

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ALIGN As the walls were lifted, they were squared against one another vertically and horizontally. Once all the walls were up, the second top plate was used to resquare any areas that had moved out of alignment.

BEAM With all the walls up and squared, it was time to put the beam in. The true detail is a beam made of three LVL beams screwed together. To match this detail we cut down a 2x10 into three pieces and added an extra layer of 3/4� plywood, to match the thickness of the LVL beam.

MEASURE TWICE, CUT ONCE The beam fit without complication, and with it in place, we were able to start laying out the trusses.

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TRUSSES SIZE TO FIT Since we couldn’t use proper trusses on a mockup of this size, we designed stand-in trusses that had the same roof pitch and overhang that would be present in our house.

The size made them easy for one person to move and carry around.

LAYOUT A truss layout was also drawn and used in the construction of the mockup. We started by aligning a truss at the edge of the framing and then moved across the mockup spacing them at two feet on center.

CHANGES IN-FIELD This drawing shows the original purlin layout to be used on the mockup. This was changed in the field after we began discussing the benefits of pulling the front purlin to the edge of the rafter to attach the fascia board to it.

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PLACE Lifting and placing the trusses proved to be quick and simple. Measurements had been marked on the top plates ensuring the trusses would land in the correct locations, according to the truss layout drawn for the mockup.

ATTACH Once the trusses were in place, a nailgun was used to toenail them to the top plate and secure them to the mock up. Hurricane straps were used to attach them to the top plates in the same manner we would on the house.

PURLINS With the trusses and hurricane straps in, we were able to lay out the purlins and put in the bird blocking. At this point ,we realized the fascia board and its flashing would need to be put on before we could continue with the roof metal.

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FASCIA BOARD + ROOFING ORDER OF OPERATIONS By building this mockup, we realized that the fascia board and its flashing would need to go on before the roof metal.

This meant shifting gears to painting and figuring out what other jobs could be done while the paint was drying. While we waited for the trim boards to dry, we began cutting the metal siding with an angle grinder and putting it in place on the facade. The angle grinder cut through the metal quickly, and any jumps were quickly hidden by the j-channel flashing that had been added before. Bending and installing the flashing and metal proved quick and efficient. We managed to finish the metal siding before the paint dryed. We were happy to see that siding with metal proved as fast as we had predicted, giving validation to our design choice that focused on quick construction.

156 DO

ATTACHING METAL Due to the size of the mockup, attaching the metal siding while attaching the fascia board and flashing proved simple and efficient. Normally the metal siding would go on after the roof metal, but the flexibility in mockup size allowed us to push the construction schedule further along.

COVERED EDGES All edges of the metal are either covered by j-channel flashing or the fascia board. In the case of a window, the metal siding would slide behind the integrated j-channel and be hidden there as well. Only the clean, machined edge is seen at the drip edge near the bottom.

UNEXPOSED PURLINS The fascia board covers the purlins, rafter tails, and the angled cut edge of the metal. Covering the purlins and rafter tails give the roof a more solid appearance unlike past 20K Homes, where exposed purlins made the roof seem thin. Covering the cut edges of the metal makes for a cleaner detail.

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door mockup section

door mockup plan

MOCKUP DOOR LAYERS The doors for the house were designed in a way that building them requires working from the inside out.

Squaring the door starts with the frame that will hold the screen. Squaring the smaller pieces and securing them allows the rest of the pieces to be squared off the core of the door. The door is made entirely of 3/4� thick lumber to gain sharp edges and give the door a more refined, furniture feel. Each layer is screwed into the layer before.

The final step is putting in the screen frame in backwards to hide the black screen twine against the wood face, and leave the smooth white frame exposed.

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section through beam

section through wall

160 OB SE RV E

SLIDING DOOR ATTACHING TO MOCKUP Attaching the door hardware proved to be one of the more involved tasks. To achieve a flush surface for the 2x6 to run on, we used two layers of 3/4” plywood as trim for the front of the beam. When transitioning to the wall section the plywood changed to 1/2” thickness. This combined with the 1” thick zip panel created a thickness of 1 1/2” equal to the the double layer of 3/4” plywood.

The first step of the process was predrilling holes at two feet on center into the 2x6. After this was finished, we leveled the 2x6 on the facade and attached it with screws to keep it in place. With the 2x6 in place, we predrilled holes into the mockup using the 2x6 as a guide. With the holes drilled and countersunk, we used a ratchet to hand

turn six inch long lag screws. We wanted to ensure a solid connection to the structure of the house and not place the entire load of the doors only on the 2x6.

The next step was to slide the brackets onto the box rail and hold the rail up against the 2x6 to mark locations for the lag screws that would attach the brackets. With the box rail leveled and the brackets spaced at two feet on center, the spots were marked and predrilled. Using the ratchet, these screws were hand turned as well.

With the box rail in place, it was a simple effort to insert the rollers into the rail and slide the door along the track.

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FINAL TOUCHES + REFLECTION The finishing touches on the mockup were installing the proch siding and painting the rafter tails and purlins white.

Installing the panels proved to be a bit of a challenge. The tightness of the porch made getting pieces in difficult, but this problem would not have been experienced in a full sized porch. After painting the rafter tails and purlins, we realized that painting them before putting on the roof metal would prove easier and more efficient in the house construction.

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“Don’t forget what we did here.”

166 REF L E C T I ON

- Jake LaBarre

REFLECTION

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REFLECTIONS JP ALEXANDER

ROBERT GRAY

“Lots of good projects don’t get built.” That’s what

When I first heard about the Rural Studio, I thought

we were told at the end of our second semester. It is

it sounded like a program that had the opportunity

disappointing to put so much work into a project and

to reach out to the community like no other. The

then have the build canceled. Some fellow students

commitment to the community can be seen through

even chose to return home or go searching for jobs

the actions of the staff, students and the built

instead of remaining in the summer to document

projects. It was seeing this that drove me to take

their work as a book. Our team was the only one that

part in the studio. One thing that surprised me here

had all members stay to create the book. Coming

was the amount of life lessons that could be learned

to the Rural Studio has been a unique experience. I

through living and designing in an environment like

worked on a team of four people, and on a weekly

Hale County.

basis presented our work alongside them to leading architects from around the country. We drew well

This past year has been full of challenges that we, as

over one hundred floor plans, constantly testing

a team, have tried our best to tackle. I have grown

and improving, to create a design that challenged

to appreciate the value of teamwork throughout

the norms of the past 20K Homes and responded

this past year. Our research into this project and

properly to the changing American demographic.

the 200+ house iterations we worked on; lead us

I believe we did. We not only drew the plan, we

to produce a design that we felt best exemplified

designed the building. We drew the framing, we

a continuation to the 20K project line. Our team

drew the plumbing, we drew the foundations. We

approached the project the way we thought best. I

tested all of these in our detail mockup and proved

will build upon the knowledge and skills that I have

to ourselves that the drawings on paper could

gained over the last year. With my Rural Studio

be done in the field. If I could start over, knowing

chapter coming to an end, I hope I will be able to

that we wouldn’t build, I would do it again. The

apply the lessons I have learned in future endeavors.

knowledge I gained here is far more valuable than a few days of disappointment. My time here has allowed me to grow as a designer and as a person.

I have learned how to work with a team for a year and design a project to be built from the ground up.

I have also learned to face the disappointment of not building a project that I am heavily invested in. After all, lots of good projects don’t get built.

168 REF L E C T I ON

LESLIE KOUNTHAPANYA

CAITLYN SALTERS

Each of the twelve months I spent in Rural Studio

After my semester at the Rural Studio during my

taught me practial lessons that I will carry with me for

third year, I knew that I wanted to come back for my

the rest of my life. The full immersion into a foreign

thesis year. Seeing the thesis students designing and

environment--rich with culture--not only transformed

building their projects and seeing the impact that

the way I think, but also the way I live.

these projects had made me want to be a part of it. I thought that I had some idea of what to expect from

Though I have left Hale County, the valuable lesson of

thesis year at the Rural Studio, but I did not anticipate

community will remain. The vital role of the community

how many new things I was going to experience

shaped my expeirence by affording me with the

and attempt in my education, and therefore how

opportunity to create lasting relationships with our

much I would learn. We learned so much about

classmates, professors and locals.

research, affordable housing, accessibility, codes, budgeting, scheduling, construction documents, and

As an educational model, Rural Studio is rooted in

construction, and the main reason is that the Rural

an incredible sense of pragmatism. While theoritical

Studio throws you in the thick of it. I’ve found that it is

projects provide valuable lessons, learning is

incredibly important to have a balanced team that you

accelerated by a sense of purpose, understanding

can trust. We’re all learning these things together, and

that soon you will have to build. Construction process

we all have our specific strengths and weaknesses,

for the project in an invaluable experience, giving

and our team did our best to play to those strengths.

understanding to the implications of what is drawn.

Although this house did not get built as we had hoped, I feel that we are all now so much more prepared to

To me, Rural Studio is a place that challenged me

enter the profession.

physically, emotionally, and intellectually. I overcame the immense pressure of working with and for others.

There’s also a lot more to the Rural Studio than just

The altrustic pursuit of Rural Studio has reinforced

an education. There is a real sense of comradery

the idea that the truly great challenges of life are

and family amongst fellow students and staff. You are

concerned with others. The boundaries I broke here

also encouraged to get involved with the community

will allow me to pursue whichever path that lies ahead.

and get to know locals. It’s hard to truly understand what being a part of the Rural Studio is unless you have been there yourself. It’s an experience that I will always look back on fondly and cherish.

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170 REF L E C T I ON

WE WOULD LIKE TO THANK: THE ALEXANDER FAMILY THE PECK FAMILY THE FULLER FAMILY BOB + MARY GRAY VICKIE + BRYAN KOUNTHAPANYA HEATHER KOUNTHAPANYA NANCY SAMPSON VINCENT SALTERS ANDREW FREEAR STEVE LONG XAVIER VENDRELL ALEX HENDERSON ELENA BARTHEL NATALIE BUTTS-BALL ERIC BALL DICK HUDGENS JOHNNY PARKER GAYLE ETHERIDGE BRENDA WILKERSON

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“Proceed and be bold.”

- Sambo Mockbee

APPENDIX

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GANT CHART // 20KGant v18 Demographics Chart Demographic House Gantt Chart

6.1

Tasks Site Work Survey Site Trench & Install Service Wire Clear Site Prep Batter Boards and structure for Foundation Walls Run Strings Set Power Pole Foundation Order Misc.

Order Rebar Rebar Delivered Dig Footing Trenches Cut and Bend Rebar for Trenches Set Rebar Dig for Concrete Pad Clean Trenches Order Gravel Level Dirt Gravel Delivered Transfer Gravel and tamp to level Pumped Water From Trenched Moved dirt with bobcat around trench Run String Set Batter Boards for Foundation Concrete Slab Concrete Ordered (platform/porch) Concrete Delivered and Slab is Poured Let Main Slab Cure

[Name]

[Name]

Set Batter Boards for Front and Back Porch Pour Front and Back Porch Let Porch Slabs Cure Take Down Slab Batter Boards Take Down Porch Batter Boards Walls [Name] Wall Studs Ordered Wall Studs Delivered ZIP Panels Ordered ZIP Panels Delivered Framing Exterior Walls Interior Walls Blocking Sheathing Install ZIP Panel Sheathing Cut Windows from Sheathing Install House Wrap Metal Siding Order Metal Siding Metal Siding Delivered Cut Metal Siding to Dimension Install Metal Siding and Flashing Seal Metal Siding Ductwork Insulation Order Insulation Insulation Delivered Install Insulation in Walls Install Insulation in Ceiling Drywall Drywall Ordered Drywall Delivered Drywall Hung Clean Drywall Dust Roof [Name] Trusses Order Trusses Trusses Delivered Install Trusses Hurricane Ties Attach Purlins and Truss Blocking Make Bird Blocking Install Bird Blocking Install Bug Screen Roof Metal Order Roof Metal Metal Delivered Install Metal Roofing Install Ridge Cap Soffit Paint Plywood (Porch Ceiling) Install Plywood Porch [Name] Pour Front and Back Porch Order Cement Panel Siding and Purlins for Porch

4/18/16 4/20/16 4/20/16 4/21/16 4/25/16 4/19/16 4/19/16 4/21/16 4/20/16 4/22/16 4/21/16 4/21/16 4/25/16 4/26/16 4/22/16 4/22/16 4/25/16 4/26/16 4/27/16 4/22/16 4/27/16 5/9/16 5/10/16 5/13/16 5/4/16 5/16/16 5/16/16 5/19/16 5/23/16 5/24/16 5/23/16 5/23/16 5/26/16 5/26/16 5/27/16 4/5/16 4/5/16 4/5/16 4/25/16 4/27/16 4/27/16 4/28/16 4/28/16 4/29/16 4/29/16 4/29/16 4/22/16 4/27/16 5/2/16 5/4/16 5/5/16 5/5/16 5/6/16 4/20/16 4/20/16

4/19/16 4/20/16 4/23/16 4/21/16 4/25/16 5/27/16 4/19/16 4/21/16 4/20/16 4/22/16 4/27/16 4/25/16 4/27/16 4/27/16 4/26/16 4/25/16 4/26/16 4/26/16 5/13/16 4/22/16 4/27/16 5/10/16 5/13/16 5/13/16 5/5/16 5/25/16 5/16/16 5/19/16 5/24/16 5/25/16 5/27/16 5/23/16 5/26/16 5/27/16 5/27/16 5/6/16 4/5/16 4/5/16 4/25/16 4/28/16 4/28/16 4/29/16 4/28/16 4/29/16 4/29/16 4/29/16 4/22/16 4/27/16 5/3/16 5/5/16 5/5/16 5/5/16 5/6/16 6/14/16 4/20/16

2 1 4 1 1 39 1 1 1 1 7 5 3 2 5 4 2 1 17 1 1 2 4 1 2 9 1 1 2 2 5 1 1 2 1 32 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 56 1

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2 1 3 1 1 29 1 1 1 1 5 3 3 2 3 2 2 1 13 1 1 2 4 1 2 8 1 1 2 2 5 1 1 2 1 24 1 1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 40 1

5/4/16

5/4/16

1

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1

0 2 0 1 0 4 0 1 0 1 0 39 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 7 0 5 0 3 0 2 0 5 0 4 0 2 0 1 0 17 0 1 0 1 0 2 0 4 0 1 0 2 0 9 0 1 0 1 0 2 0 2 0 5 0 1 0 1 0 2 0 1 0 32 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 2 0 2 0 1 0 1 0 1 A0P P56E N D I X 0 1

174

0

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## 20 - Jun - 16

2 2 1 10 1 1 1 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 11 1 1 4

## 13 - Jun - 16

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

## 06 - Jun - 16

2 2 1 8 1 1 1 3 1 0 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 2 7 1 1 4

## 30 - May - 16

0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

## 23 - May - 16

4/5/16 2 4/5/16 2 4/4/16 1 4/14/16 10 4/5/16 1 4/5/16 1 4/8/16 1 4/7/16 3 4/9/16 2 4/10/16 2 4/8/16 2 4/8/16 1 4/5/16 1 4/9/16 1 4/8/16 1 4/11/16 2 4/11/16 1 4/12/16 1 4/13/16 1 4/14/16 2 4/25/16 11 4/15/16 1 4/18/16 1 4/21/16 4

## 16 - May - 16

4/4/16 4/4/16 4/4/16 4/5/16 4/5/16 4/5/16 4/8/16 4/5/16 4/8/16 4/9/16 4/7/16 4/8/16 4/5/16 4/9/16 4/8/16 4/10/16 4/11/16 4/12/16 4/13/16 4/13/16 4/15/16 4/15/16 4/18/16 4/18/16

## 09 - May - 16

9 2 2 1

## 02 - May - 16

0 0 0 0

## 25 - Apr - 16

7 2 2 1

## 18 - Apr - 16

0% 0% 0% 0%

## 11 - Apr - 16

9 2 2 1

Start End 3/28/16 4/5/16 3/28/16 3/29/16 3/30/16 3/31/16 4/1/16 4/1/16

## 04 - Apr - 16

Task Lead [Name]

28 - Mar - 16

(vertical red line) Project Lead: 20K Demo House Start Date: 3/28/16 Monday First Day of Week (Mon=2): ## Days Remaining

3.3.1 3.3.2 3.4 3.4.1 3.4.2 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.5.1 4.5.2 4.5.3 4.6 4.6.1 4.6.2 4.7 4.8 4.8.1 4.8.2 4.8.3 4.8.4 4.8.5 4.9 4.10 4.10.1 4.10.2 4.10.3 4.10.4 4.11 4.11.1 4.11.2 4.11.3 4.11.4 5 5.1 5.1.1 5.1.2 5.1.3 5.1.4 5.1.5 5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.4 5.5 5.5.1 5.5.2 6 6

3/1/16

Days Complete

1.4 1.4.1 1.5 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3.1 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8.1 2.8.2 2.8.3 2.9 2.9.1 2.9.2 2.9.3 3 3.1 3.2 3.3

HELP

Today's Date:

Working Days

WBS 1 1.1 1.2 1.3

Š 2006-2014 Vertex42 LLC

% Complete

[42]

Version 1.7.3

Duration (Days)

20K v18 [Rural Studio]

4.10.4 Install Insulation in Ceiling 5/24/16 5/25/16 2 0% 2 0 2 4.11 Drywall 5/23/16 5/27/16 5 0% 5 0 5 4.11.1 Drywall Ordered 5/23/16 5/23/16 1 0% 1 0 1 4.11.2 Drywall Delivered 5/26/16 5/26/16 1 0% 1 0 1 4.11.3 Drywall Hung 5/26/16 5/27/16 2 0% 2 0 2 4.11.4 Clean Drywall Dust 5/27/16 5/27/16 1 0% 1 0 1 5Gantt Chart Roof [Name] 4/5/16 Version 5/6/161.7.3 32 0% 24 Vertex42 0 32 Š 2006-2014 LLC 5.1 Trusses 4/5/16 4/5/16 1 0% 1 0 HELP 1 5.1.1 Order Trusses 4/5/16 4/5/16 1 0% 1 0 1 20K v18 5.1.2 Trusses Delivered 4/25/16 4/25/16Today's 1 0% 1 3/1/16 0 1 [Rural Studio] Date: 5.1.3 Install Trusses 4/27/16 4/28/16 2 0% (vertical 2 0 red 2 line) 5.1.4 Hurricane Ties 4/27/16 0% 2 0 2 House 4/28/16 2 Project Lead: 20K Demo 5.1.5 Attach Purlins and Truss Blocking 4/29/16 2 0% 2 0 2 Start Date: 3/28/16 4/28/16 Monday 5.2 Make Bird Blocking 4/28/16 4/28/16First1Day 0% 1 (Mon=2): 0 1 ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## ## [42] of Week 5.2.1 Install Bird Blocking 4/29/16 4/29/16 1 0% 1 0 1 5.2.2 Install Bug Screen 4/29/16 4/29/16 1 0% 1 0 1 5.3 Roof Metal 4/29/16 4/29/16 1 0% 1 0 1 5.3.1 Order Roof Metal 4/22/16 4/22/16 1 0% 1 0 1 5.3.2 Metal Delivered 4/27/16 4/27/16 1 0% 1 0 1 Task Lead 5.3.3 Install Metal Roofing 5/2/16 5/3/16 2 0% 2 0 2 WBS Tasks Start End 5.4 Install Ridge Cap 5/4/16 5/5/16 0% 27 0 29 1 Site Work [Name] 3/28/16 4/5/16 29 5.5 Soffit 5/5/16 3/29/16 5/5/16 12 0% 12 0 12 1.1 Survey Site 3/28/16 5.5.1 Paint&Plywood (Porch Wire Ceiling) 5/5/16 3/31/16 5/5/16 12 0% 12 0 12 1.2 Trench Install Service 3/30/16 5.5.2 Install 5/6/16 0% 1 0 1 1.3 Clear SitePlywood 4/1/16 5/6/16 4/1/16 1 6 Porch [Name] 4/20/16 6/14/16 56 0% 40 0 56 Prep Batter Boards and structure for 61.4 Pour Front and Back Porch 4/20/16 0% 12 0 12 4/4/16 4/20/16 4/5/16 12 Foundation Walls RunCement Strings Panel Siding and Purlins for 4/4/16 4/5/16 2 0% 2 0 2 1.4.1 Order 6.1 5/4/16 0% 1 0 1 Porch 1.5 Set Power Pole 4/4/16 5/4/16 4/4/16 1 Panels Delivered 5/9/16 5/9/16 10 1 0% 18 0 10 1 6.2 2 Foundation [Name] 4/5/16 4/14/16 6.2.1 Install Purlins 5/9/16 0% 1 0 1 2.1 Order Misc.

4/5/16 5/9/16 4/5/16 1 6.2.2 Cut Rebar Cement Panels to Dimension 5/10/16 0% 21 0 21 2.2 Order 4/5/16 5/11/16 4/5/16 21 6.2.3 Install Cement Panels on Porch 5/11/16 0% 21 0 21 2.3 Rebar Delivered 4/8/16 5/12/16 4/8/16 21 6.3 Screened in Doors 6/13/16 0% 13 0 13 2.3.1 Porch Dig Footing Trenches 4/5/16 6/13/16 4/7/16 13 6.3.1 6/13/16 0% 1 0 12 2.4 CutBuild and Door BendFrames Rebar for Trenches 4/8/16 6/13/16 4/9/16 12 6.4 Install 6/13/16 0% 20 0 2 2.5 Set Door RebarAssembly 4/9/16 6/14/16 4/10/16 2 6.4.1 Track Pad 6/13/16 0% 12 0 12 2.6 DigInstall for Concrete 4/7/16 6/13/16 4/8/16 12 6.4.2 Mount Doors and Add Screen 6/14/16 0% 1 0 1 2.7 Clean Trenches 4/8/16 6/14/16 4/8/16 1 72.8 Sky [Name] 4/22/16 0% 91 0 13 OrderTubes Gravel 4/5/16 5/4/16 4/5/16 13 1 1 7.1 Sky Tubes and Assembly Kit 4/22/16 0% 1 0 1 2.8.1 Order Level Dirt 4/9/16 4/22/16 4/9/16 1 7.1.1 Sky Tubes Delivered 4/27/16 0% 1 0 1 2.8.2 Gravel Delivered 4/8/16 4/27/16 4/8/16 1 7.1.2 Install Gravel Sky Tube 5/3/16 4/11/16 5/4/16 2 0% 2 0 2 2.8.3 Transfer and tamp to level 4/10/16 7.1.3 Seal Connection Roof and Ceiling 5/4/16 4/11/16 5/4/16 1 0% 1 0 1 2.9 Pumped Water Fromwith Trenched 4/11/16 82.9.1 Windows [Name] 3/28/16 0% 38 Moved dirtand withDoors bobcat around trench 4/12/16 5/18/16 4/12/16 52 1 1 0 52 1 8.1 3/28/16 0% 1 0 1 2.9.2 Order RunWindows String 4/13/16 3/28/16 4/13/16 1 8.2 4/25/16 0% 12 0 12 2.9.3 Windows Set BatterDelivered Boards for Foundation 4/13/16 4/25/16 4/14/16 12 8.3 Order Exterior/Interior Doors 3/28/16 1 0% 17 0 11 1 3 Concrete Slab [Name] 4/15/16 3/28/16 4/25/16 11 8.4 Exterior/Interior Doors Delivered 4/25/16 0% 1 0 1 3.1 Concrete Ordered (platform/porch) 4/15/16 4/25/16 4/15/16 1 8.5 Doors 5/16/16 0% 31 0 31 3.2 Concrete Delivered and Slab is Poured 4/18/16 5/18/16 4/18/16 31 8.5.1 Doors 5/16/16 0% 14 0 14 3.3 LetInstall Main Exterior Slab Cure 4/18/16 5/16/16 4/21/16 14 8.5.2 Install Interior Doors 5/16/16 5/16/16 1 0% 1 0 1 8.5.3 Paint Interior Doorsfor Front and Back Porch 5/17/16 0% 2 0 2 3.3.1 Set Batter Boards 4/18/16 5/18/16 4/19/16 2 8.6 5/12/16 0% 31 0 51 3.3.2 Windows Pour Front and Back Porch 4/20/16 5/16/16 4/20/16 51 8.6.1 5/12/16 0% 13 0 14 3.4 LetInstall PorchWindows Slabs Cure 4/20/16 5/12/16 4/23/16 14 8.6.2 Install MetalSlab Drip Batter EdgesBoards 5/13/16 0% 1 0 21 3.4.1 Take Down 4/21/16 5/14/16 4/21/16 21 8.6.3 Trim 5/13/16 0% 1 0 21 3.4.2 Take Flashing Down Porch Batter Boards 4/25/16 5/14/16 4/25/16 21 8.6.4 Paint Exterior Trim 5/14/16 1 0% 29 0 0 39 1 4 Walls [Name] 4/19/16 5/14/16 5/27/16 39 8.6.5 Install Exterior Window Trim 5/16/16 0% 1 0 1 4.1 Wall Studs Ordered 4/19/16 5/16/16 4/19/16 1 8.6.6 Caulk Trim 5/16/16 0% 1 0 1 4.2 Wall Studs Delivered 4/21/16 5/16/16 4/21/16 1 94.3 Plumbing [Name] 4/5/16 6/15/16 0% 52 ZIP Panels Ordered 4/20/16 4/20/16 72 1 1 0 72 1 4.4 ZIP Panels Delivered 4/22/16 4/22/16 1 0% 1 0 1 9.1 Trench 4/5/16 4/27/16 4/7/16 37 0% 35 0 37 4.5 Framingand place plumbing underneath House 4/21/16 9.2 Up Showers 5/18/16 0% 23 0 25 4.5.1 Pick Exterior Walls 4/21/16 5/19/16 4/25/16 25 9.3 Water Heater 5/20/16 0% 13 0 13 4.5.2 Order Interior Walls 4/25/16 5/20/16 4/27/16 13 9.4 Up Toilets 5/19/16 0% 12 0 12 4.5.3 Pick Blocking 4/26/16 5/19/16 4/27/16 12 9.5 Pick Up Sinks 5/20/16 0% 13 0 15 4.6 Sheathing 4/22/16 5/20/16 4/26/16 15 9.6 Up ZIP Waste LineSheathing 6/13/16 0% 32 0 34 4.6.1 Hook Install Panel 4/22/16 6/15/16 4/25/16 34 9.7 5/25/16 0% 2 0 2 4.6.2 Install Cut Fixtures Windows from Sheathing 4/25/16 5/26/16 4/26/16 2 9.8 Hook PipesWrap Under House 5/27/16 0% 1 0 1 4.7 InstallUp House 4/26/16 5/27/16 4/26/16 1 10 Electrical [Name] 5/19/16 6 0% 13 4 0 17 6 4.8 Metal Siding 4/27/16 5/24/16 5/13/16 17 10.1 Outlets, 5/19/16 0% 21 0 31 4.8.1 Install Order Metal Switches Siding & Fixtures 4/22/16 5/21/16 4/22/16 31 10.2 MainSiding Electrical Line 5/23/16 0% 21 0 21 4.8.2 RunMetal Delivered 4/27/16 5/24/16 4/27/16 21 11 Cabinetry [Name] 4/5/16 6/3/16 60 0% 44 4.8.3 Interior Cut Metal Siding to Dimension 5/9/16 5/10/16 2 2 0 60 2 11.1 Order 4/5/16 5/13/16 4/5/16 14 0% 14 0 14 4.8.4 Kitchen InstallCabinetry Metal Siding and Flashing 5/10/16 11.2 Mounted Shelving Order 4/5/16 5/13/16 4/5/16 1 0% 1 0 1 4.8.5 Wall Seal Metal Siding 5/13/16 11.3 Kitchen Cabinetry Delivered 5/4/16 5/4/16 0% 12 0 12 4.9 Ductwork 5/5/16 12 11.4 Mounted Shelving Delivered 5/4/16 5/25/16 5/4/16 19 0% 18 0 19 4.10 Wall Insulation 5/16/16 11.5 Installation 5/30/16 0% 21 0 21 4.10.1 Kitchen OrderCounter Insulation 5/16/16 5/31/16 5/16/16 21 11.5.1 Counter Frame 5/30/16 0% 1 0 1 4.10.2 Build Insulation Delivered 5/19/16 5/30/16 5/19/16 1 11.5.2 Together Cabinetry 5/30/16 0% 12 0 12 4.10.3 Put Install Insulation in Walls 5/23/16 5/30/16 5/24/16 12 11.5.3 5/30/16 0% 12 0 12 4.10.4 Install Cabinetry Insulation in Ceiling 5/24/16 5/30/16 5/25/16 12 11.5.4 Frame Around Cabinetry 5/30/16 0% 15 0 15 4.11 Drywall 5/23/16 5/30/16 5/27/16 15 11.5.5 Install 5/31/16 0% 1 0 1 4.11.1 DrywallCountertop Ordered 5/23/16 5/31/16 5/23/16 1 11.5.6 Install 5/31/16 0% 1 0 1 4.11.2 DrywallHardware Delivered 5/26/16 5/31/16 5/26/16 1 11.6 Mounted Shelving for Bedrooms 6/1/16 5/27/16 6/1/16 12 0% 12 0 12 4.11.3 Wall Drywall Hung 5/26/16 11.6.1 Paint 6/1/16 5/27/16 6/1/16 1 0% 1 0 1 4.11.4 CleanShelving Drywall Dust 5/27/16 11.6.2 Install Shelving 6/2/15 1 0% 24 1 0 32 1 5 Roof [Name] 4/5/16 6/2/15 5/6/16 32 11.7 Install Kitchen Range Vent 6/3/16 0% 1 0 1 5.1 Trusses 4/5/16 6/3/16 4/5/16 1 12 [Name] 6/6/16 0% 51 0 71 5.1.1 Interior OrderFinishes Trusses 4/5/16 6/12/16 4/5/16 71 12.1 WallsDelivered & Ceilings 6/6/16 4/25/16 6/7/16 21 0% 21 0 21 5.1.2 Prime Trusses 4/25/16 12.2 Walls & Ceilings 6/8/16 4/28/16 6/9/16 2 0% 2 0 2 5.1.3 Paint Install Trusses 4/27/16 12.3 Floors Ties 6/10/16 6/11/16 2 0% 12 0 2 5.1.4 Prime Hurricane 4/27/16 4/28/16 12.4 Window Trim & Baseboards 6/8/16 4/29/16 6/9/16 2 0% 2 0 2 5.1.5 Paint Attach Purlins and Truss Blocking 4/28/16 12.5 Caulk Trim Blocking 6/13/16 0% 1 0 1 5.2 Make Bird 4/28/16 6/13/16 4/28/16 1 12.6 Paint/Caulk Touch-Ups 6/14/16 6/14/16 1 0% 1 0 1 5.2.1 Install Bird Blocking 4/29/16 4/29/16 13 [Name] 6/13/16 0% 31 0 31 5.2.2 Septic InstallSystem Bug Screen 4/29/16 6/15/16 4/29/16 31 13.1 Install Septic 6/13/16 0% 31 0 31 5.3 Roof Metal 4/29/16 6/15/16 4/29/16 31 5.3.1 Order Roof Metal 4/22/16 4/22/16 1 0% 1 0 1 5.3.2 Metal Delivered 4/27/16 4/27/16 1 0% 1 0 1 5.3.3 Install Metal Roofing 5/2/16 5/3/16 2 0% 2 0 2 TEMPLATE or just the5/5/16 specific2sub tasks, 5.4 Install ROWS: Ridge CapCopy and insert the entire section, 5/4/16 0% depending 2 0 2 on which level you want to use (formulas are different for different WBS levels) 15.5 Task 1/1/15 0% 51 0 71 Soffit Category 1 5/5/16 1/7/15 5/5/16 71 1.1 TaskPlywood level 2 (Porch Ceiling) 1/1/15 0% 51 0 71 5.5.1 SubPaint 5/5/16 1/7/15 5/5/16 71 1.1.1 Level Task 1/1/15 0% 51 0 71 5.5.2 Install3Plywood 5/6/16 1/7/15 5/6/16 71 1.1.1.1 1/1/15 6/14/16 1/7/15 56 7 0% R 5U R0 A L 7 ST U D I O 6 PorchLevel 4 task [Name] 4/20/16 40 56 6 Pour Front and Back Porch 4/20/16 4/20/16 1 0% 1 0 1 Order Cement Panel Siding and Purlins for 6.1 5/4/16 5/4/16 1 0% 1 0 1 Porch

175

## 20 - Jun - 16

## 13 - Jun - 16

06 - Jun - 16

30 - May - 16

23 - May - 16

16 - May - 16

09 - May - 16

02 - May - 16

25 - Apr - 16

18 - Apr - 16

11 - Apr - 16

04 - Apr - 16

28 - Mar - 16

Days Remaining

Days Complete

Working Days

% Complete

Duration (Days)

Gant Chart Demographic House

BUDGET // 20K v18 Demographics 20Kv18 Budget

Category

Walls

Item

Description

Size

Exterior Studs Exterior Blocking Interiorn Studs Batt Insulation Metal Siding Wall Drywall Sanded Plywood

#2 Southern Yellow Pine #2 Southern Yellow Pine #2 Southern Yellow Pine Knauff EcoBatt Unfaced R 21 R panel metal

2x6x10 2x6x12 2x4x10 3x9 7/8 11/32x4x8

Zip Panels Zip Panel Tape

Quantity

Price (Individual) Total

129 79 47 12 46

$4.31 $5.25 $4.02 $81.03 $10.47

12

$18.43

$555.99 $415 $189 $590.00 $481.62 $4,000 $221.16

50

$33.79

$2,149.00

Fasteners Roof

Metal Roofing Purlins and Bracing Ceiling Insulation Pre Fab Trusses Ceiling Drywall

Floor

Total: $590.00

Guardian Insulation Metro Metals Shane Lowes

Total: $8,646.46

$45

R panel metal #2 Southern Yellow Pine Knauff EcoBatt Unfaced R 38 6/12 25 foot long, extended rafters

2x4x12

1700 100 19 24

$0.50 $5.80 $67.13 $86.44

Crane Rental Floor

Store

$850.00 Metro Metals $580.00 $737.21 $2,074.56 Buettner Bros $1,500 Shane Price

Total: $6,241.77

$500

Concrete, Cubic Yards #3 Rebar Sill Seal Formwork and batterboards Finishing

25 30 5

$110 $4.50 $6.47

Site Work?

$2,750.00 $135.00 $32.35 $875 $1,500

Total: $5,292.35

$300

Windows/Doors Bedroom and Side Windows Bathroom Window

Door Hardware

Plumbing

Cabinets

Fixtures

Other Base Cabinets

Wall Cabinets

Knob Handles

Vinyl Windows / Doors By Pella, Double Hung, 35.5 X 61.5, White Vinyl Windows / Doors By Pella, Single Hung, 23.5 X 37.5, White

35.5x61.5 23.5x37.5

5 2

$171.36 $77.57

$856.80 Lowes $155.14 Lowes

1 1 2 2 3 1

$80.86 121.99 $171.36 $199.00 $34.00 $36.00

$80.86 $121.99 $342.72 $398.00 $102.00 $36.00 $70.00

Kwikset Kwikset Balboa SmartKey Satin Nickel Universal Keyed Entry Door Lever Kwikset Kwikset Balboa Satin Nickel Turn Lock Privacy Door Lever

2 4

$39.98 $20.97

$79.96 $83.88

Small Bath Toilet Full Bath Toilet Bathroom Vanity and Sink Bathroom Faucets

American Standard Colony White 1.6-GPF (6.06-LPF) 12-in Rough-in Round 2-Piece Standard Height Toilet Project Source White 1.28-GPF (4.85-LPF) 12-in Rough-In WaterSense Round 2-Piece Standard Height Toilet Project Source White Integral Single Sink Bathroom Vanity with Cultured Marble Top AquaSource Kirkmont Chrome 2-Handle 4-in Centerset WaterSense Bathroom Faucet

1 1 1 2

$102.96 $88.00 $179.00 $39.00

$102.96 $88.00 $179.00 $78.00

Lowes Lowes Lowes Lowes

Shower Bathtub Water Heater Kitchen Sink Kitchen Faucet Showerhead +Tub Faucet Showerhead + Controller Shower Base and Walls Small Bath Sink

Delta White Acrylic One-Piece Bathtub Whirlpool 40-Gallon 6-Year Regular Electric Water Heater Moen 2200 Series 22-in x 33-in Double-Basin Stainless Steel Drop-In 4-Hole Residential Kitchen Sink Moen Caldwell Chrome 2-Handle High-Arc Kitchen Faucet with Side Spray Moen Adler Chrome 1-Handle WaterSense Bathtub and Shower Faucet with Multi-Function Showerhead Moen Legend Chrome 1-Handle WaterSense Shower Faucet Trim Kit with Single Function Showerhead DELTA White Acrylic One-Piece Shower with Integrated Seat (Common: 36-in x 48-in; Actual: 76-in x 35.875-in x 47.875-in) AquaSource 33.1-in H White Vitreous China Pedestal Sink

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

$399.00 $315.00 $85.56 $69.00 $89.00 $37.53 $448.00 $88.00

$399.00 $315.00 $85.56 $69.00 $89.00 $37.53 $448.00 $88.00 $410.00

Lowes Lowes Lowes Lowes Lowes Lowes Lowes

3 ft Sink Cabinet 3 ft Kitchen Cabinet 18 in Kitchen Cabinet 3 ft Wall Cabinet 2.5 ft high 18 in Wall Cabinet 3 ft Wall Cabinet 14 in high 18 in Wall Cabinet 14 in high

Kitchen Classics Concord 36-in W x 35-in H x 23.75-in D White Sink Base Cabinet Kitchen Classics Concord 36-in W x 35-in H x 23.75-in D White Door and Drawer Base Cabinet Kitchen Classics Concord 18-in W x 35-in H x 23.75-in D White Door and Drawer Base Cabinet Kitchen Classics Concord 36-in W x 30-in H x 12-in D White Door Wall Cabinet Kitchen Classics Concord 18-in W x 30-in H x 12-in D White Door Wall Cabinet Kitchen Classics Concord 36-in W x 14-in H x 12-in D Concord Door Wall Cabinet

1 3 2 4 2 6

$160.00 $226.00 $120.00 $146.00 $94.00 $99.00

$160.00 Lowes $678.00 Lowes $240.00 Lowes $584 $188.00 $594.00

34 2

$2.91 $45.00

Small Bath Window Small Porch Sliding Window Big Sliding Window Main Front Door Interior Doors Small Bath Door Sealents

Vinyl Windows / Doors By Pella, Sliding Window Fixed / Vent Left, 35.5 X 41.5, White Vinyl Windows / Doors By Pella, Sliding Window Fixed / Vent Left, 71.5 X 41.5, White ReliaBilt 2-Panel Insulating Core 9-Lite Left-Hand Inswing Primed Steel Prehung Entry Door (Common: 36-in x 80-in; Actual: 37.5-in x 81.75-in) ReliaBilt (Primed) Hollow Core 6-Panel Slab Interior Door ReliaBilt Hollow Core 2-Panel Round Top Slab Interior Door

Entry Doors Interior Doors

4ft Countertop 8ft countertop Towel Bar, Toilet Bar, Towel Hook

Closet

36x36 36x80 36x80 30x80

Style Selections Brushed-Satin Nickel Mushroom Cabinet Knob VT Dimensions Wilsonart 4-ft 4588-60 Kalahari Topaz-Matte Straight Laminate Kitchen Countertop VT Dimensions Wilsonart 8-ft 4588-60 Kalahari Topaz-Matte Straight Laminate Kitchen Countertop allen + roth 3-Piece Mitchell Brushed Nickel PVD Decorative Bathroom Hardware Set Stor-It-All 38.5-in W x 70.5-in H x 20.5-in D Wood Composite Garage Cabinet, White

2

$48.00

$98.94 $90.00 $89.00 $96.00

4

$109.00

$436.00

Fasteners Finishes Electrical

Lowes Lowes Lowes

Total: $2,327.35

Total: $2,389.05

Total: $2,817.94

$550.00 Paint and Equipment

Power Pole Mini Split

Work Boxes, Outlets, Wire Light Fixtures

$450.00

$1,009.71 Air Conditioner PVC

LG 19,000 BTU 22 SEER Ductless Dual Zone Heat Pump System 9+9

Ceiling Lights Vanity Lights Exterior Wall Lights Pendant Light Bathroom Fans Ceiling Fans

Project Source 2-Pack 7-in W White LED Ceiling Flush Mount Lights Project Source 3-Light White Bathroom Vanity Light Portfolio 8.25-in H Medium Base (E-26) Black Outdoor Wall Light Portfolio Nickel Mix and Match Mini Pendant Light Broan 2.5-Sone 50-CFM White Bathroom Fan with Light Harbor Breeze 2-Pack 52-in Matte White Downrod or Close Mount Indoor Ceiling Fan ENERGY STAR Harbor Breeze Classic 52-in White Downrod Mount Indoor/Outdoor Ceiling Fan ENERGY STAR Utilitech 3-Pack 2.75-in Battery Under Cabinet LED Puck Lights

Under Cabinet Lights ERV

Porch

Lowes

$2,140 $14 $860.72

Water Heater

Panasonic Whisper Comfort Insulated Duct R6 GE GeoSpring 50-Gallon Electric Water Heater with Hybrid Heat Pump

Bug Screen 2x4x10s Screen Door Sliding Hardware Track Extensions Big Beam

Phifer PetScreen 30-in x 50-ft Gray Vinyl-Coated Polyester Screen Wire #2 Southern Yellow Pine Screen Tight Creekside Natural Wood Hinged Screen Door (Common: 36-in x 80-in; Actual: 36-in x 80-in) 78.75 in. Matt Black Straight Strap Barn Door Hardware 8 ft. Galvanized Round Rail 2x10x16 LVLs

6" x 25'

7

$38.97

$272.79

2 1 2 2 1 2

$11.98 $14.98 $32.98 $29.99 $60.00 $10.98

$23.96 $14.98 $65.96 $59.98 $60.00 $21.96

2

$28.19

$358.57 $56.38 $999.00

1 15

$106.22 $4.02

2 4 3

$102.00 $34.98 $57

Total:

176 APPENDIX

Total: $5,958.41

$106 $60.30 $29.99 $204.00 $139.92 $171.72

$36,121.48 With Tax:

Total:

$37,566.34

$712

177 R U R A L ST U D I O

DEMO CLIENT'S PRE-EXISTING HOUSE

A101

NOTES: NOTES: AllAllDrawings Drawingsand andWritten WrittenMaterial Materialare arethe the sole soleproperty propertyofofAuburn AuburnUniversity UniversityRural Rural Studio Studioand andmay maynot notbe beduplicated, duplicated, published, published,disclosed, disclosed,ororused usedwithout without expressed expressedwritten writtenconsent. consent.

PROPERTY LINE PROPERTY LINE

*All *Alldimensions dimensionsare areininfeet feet&&inches. inches.

SEPTIC SEPTIC

GRAY GRAY WATER WATER PIPE PIPE

6:12 6:12 SLOPE SLOPE

UNDERGROUND UNDERGROUND ELEC. TO HOUSE ELEC. TO HOUSE

RIDGE CAP RIDGE CAP

3" WASTE 3" WASTE PIPEPIPE TO TO SEPTIC SEPTIC

BUILD BUILD UP UP OF OF GROUND SLOPE GROUND TO TO SLOPE PORCH UP UP TO TO PORCH

ELEC. METER MOUMTED ELEC. MOUMTED TO METER IN-GROUND POST TO IN-GROUND POST

PORCH WILL THETHE PORCH WILL HAVE A GRADUAL HAVE A GRADUAL SLOPE PROPER SLOPE FORFOR PROPER WATER DRAINAGE WATER DRAINAGE

ELEC. DROP FROM ELEC. DROP FROM OF STREET - LOCATION STREET - LOCATION OF POST TBD

BY SURVEY POST TBD BY SURVEY

WATER WATER LINELINE TO THE TO THE HOUSE HOUSE

WELL WATER WELL WATER

Issue: Issue: Agency AgencyReview Review Sheet Sheet#:#: A101 A101 Title: Title:Site SitePlan Plan Amendment: Amendment: Project: Project:

AA

20K 20Kv18: v18:Demographic DemographicHouse House

Drawing: Drawing:

11

SITE/ROOF SITE/ROOFPLAN PLAN SCALE: SCALE:1/8" 1/8"= =1'1'- 0" - 0"

Client: Client:

Rural RuralStudio Studio

Date: Date:

2016/18/04 2016/18/04

RURAL RURALSTUDIO STUDIO AUBURN AUBURNUNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY P.O. P.O.Box Box278 278 Newbern, Newbern,AL AL36765 36765 Phone: Phone:(334) (334)624-5338 624-5338 Email: Email:rstudio@auburn.edu rstudio@auburn.edu

A102

A103

A201

A301

A301.1

A301.2

A301.3

A302

A302.1

A303

A401

A501

A502

A601

A602

A603

A604

A605

A605.1

A701

M101

E101

E102

P101

CONSULTANTS Jim Adamson Architect | Jersey Devil Design Build | Seattle, WA Steve Badanes Architect & Professor | Jersey Devil Design Build | University of Washington | Seattle, WA Elena Barthel Architect & Former Professor | Florence, Italy Marlon Blackwell Architect | Marlon Blackwell Architects | Fayetteville, AR Clifton Burt Graphic Designer | Portland, OR Julie Eizenburg Architect | Koning Eizenburg Architects | Santa Monica, CA Joe Farrugia Architect & Structural Engineer | GFGR Architects Engineers | Chicago, IL Andrew Freear Architect & Director of Rural Studio | Auburn Rural Studio | Newbern, AL Scott Finn Architect & Professor | Auburn University | Auburn, AL Miriam Gee Architect & Professor | Build Lightly Studio | Manoa, HI Peter Gluck Architect | GLUCK+ | New York, NY Emilie Hagen Associate Director of West Coast Atelier Ten | Atelier Ten | San Francisco, CA Frank Harmon Architect & Professor | Frank Harmon Architect | North Carolina State University | Raleigh, NC Alex Henderson Architect & Professor | Auburn Rural Studio | Newbern, AL David Hinson Architect & Professor | Auburn University | Auburn, AL Dick Hudgens Architect & Professor | Auburn Rural Studio | Selma, AL Dewayne Jenkins HVAC Training Analyst | Alabama Power Company | Birmingham, AL Ashley Kerr Community Initiatives Manager | Collaborative Solutions, Inc. | Birmingham, AL

228 APPENDIX

Hank Koning Architect | Koning Eizenburg Architects | Santa Monica, CA Jake LaBarre Architect & Professor | Miller Hull Partnership | Neighborhood Design Build University of Washington | Seattle, WA Pete Landon Architect | Landon Bone Baker Architects | Chicago, IL Steve Long Architect & Professor | Auburn Rural Studio | Newbern, AL Tim Macfarlane Structural Engineer | Glass Light and Special Structures | London, UK Emily McGlohn Architect & Professor | Mississippi State University | Starkville, MS Justin Miller Architect & Professor | Auburn University | Auburn, AL Mike Newman Architect & Professor | SHED Studio | School of Art of Chicago Illinois | Chicago, IL Cheryl Noel Architect | WRAP Architecture | Chicago, IL Shon Richey Residential Energy Efficiency Program Manage | Alabama Power Company | Birmingham, AL Ravi Ricker Architect | WRAP Architecture | Chicago, IL Rusty Smith Architect & Professor | Auburn University | Auburn, AL Kellie Stokes Former Professor | Pursuing a PhD in Forestry at Yale University | New Haven, CT Linnea Tillet Lighting Designer | Tillet Lighting Design Associates | New York, NY Katrina van Valkenburg Managing Director at CSH | Corporation for Supportive Housing | Chicago, IL Xavier Vendrell Architect & Professor | Xavier Vendrell Studio | Auburn University Rural Studio | Greensboro, AL Dan Wheeler Architect & Professor | Wheeler Kearns Architects | University of Illinois at Chicago | Chicago, IL Dason Whitsett Architect and Professor | Pollen Architecture | University of Texas at Austin | Austin, TX

229 R U R A L ST U D I O

PHOTO CREDITS All photos and drawings in this book were taken or produced by JP Alexander, Robert Gray, Leslie Kounthapanya, or Caitlyn Salters unless noted below.

Timothy Hursley p. 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 Josh Banks p. 14 Frank’s Team p. 50, 60 32K Team p. 50 Idella’s Team p. 50 Mac’s Team p. 50, 60

230 APPENDIX

REFERENCES 2007-2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. “Household Type (Including Living Alone) by

Relationship.” 2011. American Fact Finder. Datasheet. October 2015.

2009-2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. “Financial Characteristics.” 2013. American

Fact Finder. Datasheet. October 2015.

2010-2014 American Community 5-Year Estimates. “Grandparents.” 2014. American Fact Finder.

Datasheet. October 2015.

2010-2014 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. “Household Type by Household Size.” 2014.

American Fact Finder. Datasheet. October 2015.

—. “Multigenerational Households.” 2014. American Fact Finder. Datasheet. October 2015.

—. “Occupancy Characteristics.” 2014. American Fact Finder. Datasheet. October 2015.

—. “Selected Housing Characteristics.” 2014. American Fact Finder. Datasheet. October 2015.

2013 American House Survey. “Rooms, Size, and Amenities - All Housing Units (NATIONAL) .” 24

February 2015. American Fact Finder. Datasheet. October 2015.

2013 American Housing Survey. “General Characteristics by Census Geography - All Occupied Units (NATIONAL) .”

24 February 2015. American Fact Finder. Datasheet. October 2015.

—. “General Housing Data - All Housing Units (NATIONAL).” 24 February 2015. American Fact Finder.

Datasheet. October 2015.

—. “Housing Problems - All Occupied Units (NATIONAL).” 24 February 2015. American Fact Finder.

Datasheet. October 2015.

Howden, Lindsey M. and Julia A. Meyer. “Age and Sex Composition: 2010 (C2010BR-03) .” May 2011.

American Fact Finder. Document. October 2015.

Lofquist, Daphne, et al. “Households and Families: 2010 (C2010BR-14).” April 2012. American Fact Finder.

Document. October 2015.

US Census Bureau. “Census of Population and Housing.” Semptember 2012. United States Census Bureau.

Document. October 2015.

—. “Families and Living Arrangements.” 30 September 2011. United States Census Bureau. Datasheet.

2015 October.

Werner, Carrie A. “The Older Population: 2010 (C2010BR-09) .” November 2011. American Fact Finder.

Document. October 2015.

231 R U R A L ST U D I O

Project Team: J.P. Alexander Robert Gray Leslie Kounthapanya Caitlyn Salters