V18I2 (Apr/May 2016) by Redstone Media Group

ANIMAL WELLNESS

For a long, healthy life!

NATURAL WAYS TO ALLEVIATE

ALLERGIES

GROOMING CLIPPER AND SCISSOR SAFETY

5EASY WAYS to enrich his environment

TOP10

herbs that ease the

The best

itch

ESSENTIAL repelling OILS for pests

How to get rid of ugly TEAR STAINS Controlling FLEAS

get to know

Norbert!

Heâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s only seven inches tall, but this diminutive therapy dog is a real dynamo!

with diatomaceous earth APR/MAY 2016 Display until May 11, 2016

$6.95 USA/Canada

VOLUME 18 ISSUE 2

AnimalWellnessMagazine.com

BONUS INSIDE!

Animal Wellness

April/May 2016

Contents April/May 2016

Features

18 SURVIVING ALLERGY SEASON WITH AN ITCHY DOG

In dogs, seasonal allergies usually manifest as skin problems and scratching. Here’s how to ease the discomfort.

22 MELATONIN FOR DOGS AND CATS

Along with promoting sleep, melatonin may also help with Cushing’s disease, separation anxiety and other dog and cat health problems.

26 DIATOMACEOUS

EARTH FOR NATURAL FLEA CONTROL

Food grade diatomaceous earth (DE) is an effective way to get rid of ﬂeas without exposing your dog to toxins.

30 SPROUTS – THEY’RE GOOD FOR DOGS AND CATS TOO!

Environmental enrichment goes beyond basic dog care. It includes things like mental stimulation, engaging his senses, and satisfying his instinctual needs.

46 ESSENTIAL OILS REPEL PESTS FROM YOUR DOG

Check out the best essential oils for protecting your dog against ﬂeas, ticks and mosquitoes.

56 EASE YOUR PET’S

EMOTIONS WITH EFT

Sprouts are mini-powerhouses of nutrition, and make a simple and healthy addition to your pet’s diet.

Emotional Freedom Technique, or Tapping, can help with anxiety, phobias and related problems in dogs and cats.

32 FOLLICULITIS IN DOGS

60 WESTERN HERBS FOR

This common condition is caused by an inﬂammation of the dog’s skin follicles. Here are some natural ways to ease the itch of folliculitis.

36 EMERGENCY CARE FOR THE ALLERGIC DOG

Bee stings, certain foods or accidental drug ingestion can cause extreme allergic reactions in some dogs. Here’s how to stabilize him until you can get to the vet.

38 A VISIT TO

NORBERTHOOD

Meet Norbert, a tiny but big-hearted therapy dog, social media sensation and children’s book “author” who loves doing high-fives.

42 5 EASY WAYS TO ENRICH YOUR DOG’S ENVIRONMENT

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PET ALLERGIES

Keeping your allergic dog or cat itch-free can be done with herbs ranging from ashwaganda and astragalus to dandelion and Echinacea.

64 DOG TEAR STAINS

Clean up those ugly brown tear stains under your dog’s eyes with a healthy diet and some extra attention to his facial hygiene.

72 DOG BREEDS OF MEXICO

Celebrate Cinco de Mayo with a look at Mexico’s native breeds – the Chihuahua and Xolo.

78 CUTTING YOUR DOG’S HAIR?

Depending on your dog’s coat, he may need regular trimming with clippers or scissors. If you decide to do it yourself, be sure to do it safely.

90 CITY THE KITTY

This polydactyl cat with the bob tail is a “spokescat” against declawing and uses his social media presence to help spread the message.

93 FOREVER LITTER TRAYS

These litter trays combine ease of use with ecological responsibility.

94BREAST CANCER IN CATS

Malignant breast tumors are common in felines. Here’s what you need to know about mammary or breast cancer.

96 THE FERAL CAT DEBATE – PART II

Are Trap-Neuter-Release (TNR) programs for feral cats the right solution?

66 ROXY’S REMEDIES

East Indian sandalwood oil (EISO) is the key ingredient in these grooming products for dogs with allergies and sensitive skin.

Columns

12 Yakkity yak 50 Case study 52 Rewind 67 To the rescue 70 Passages 76 Warm & fuzzy 84 Book reviews 87 Tail end 98 Feline Wellness book reviews

Social media Tips, contests and more! AnimalWellnessMagazine News, events, and tips! @ AW_magazine Tips, pet photos, and more! AnimalWellnessMagazine Crafts, laughs, and more! AnimalWellness

Departments 8

Editorial

Product picks

Animal Wellness resource guide

The scoop

Marketplace

Social media

Events calendar

ClassiďŹ eds April/May 2016

VOLUME 18 ISSUE 2

EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT Editor-in-Chief: Dana Cox Managing Editor: Ann Brightman Senior Graphic Designer: Dawn Cumby-Dallin Senior Graphic Designer: Kathleen Atkinson Social Media Manager: Kyle Dupont Web Design & Development: Brad Vader Tail End Illustrations: Libby Sinden Cover Image Courtesy of: Mark Steines Feline Cover Image courtesy of: Lori Shepler

ON THE COVER PHOTOGRAPH COURTESY OF:

Mark Steines All dressed up for his cover shot, Norbert is a tiny Chihuahua/Lhasa Apso/Cairn terrier mix with a heart large enough for the whole world. Barely more than ankle high, this diminutive dynamo is a big hit on social media, and is also a successful therapy dog and children’s book “author”. Turn to page 38 for a visit to “Norberthood”.

ON THE FELINE COVER PHOTOGRAPH COURTESY OF:

Lori Shepler Just look at those toes! City the Kitty is a polydactyl cat, so it’s perhaps no surprise that his mission is to end the cruel practice of declawing. He and his person, former LA Times photographer Lori Shepler, use his huge social media following to help get the message out there while sharing his adventurous personality with the world. Read City’s full story on page 90.

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COLUMNISTS & CONTRIBUTING WRITERS Kenny Coogan, CPBT-KA Laurie Dohmen, VMD, MS Audi Donamor Michael W. Fox, DVM Suzanne Hetts, PhD Kate Hussey Donna Jackel Deanna L. Krantz Louisa Lew Anabelle Lee Macri Ramona D. Marek, MS Ed Erin Mayo, DVM Shawn Messonnier, DVM Nayana Morag Erin Mullen Eliana Osborn Joan Ranquet Nancy Scanlan, DVM, CVA, MS Karen Shaw Becker, DVM Amanda Tucci Charlotte Walker Linda R. Young ADMINISTRATION & SALES President/C.E.O.: Tim Hockley Accounting: Karen Jeffries Circulation & Office Manager: Libby Sinden SUBMISSIONS: Please email all editorial material to Ann Brightman, Managing Editor, at ann@redstonemediagroup.com. We welcome previously unpublished articles and color pictures either in jpeg, tif or disc form at 300 dpi. We cannot guarantee that either articles or pictures will be used or that they will be returned. We reserve the right to publish all letters received. You can also mail submissions to: Animal Wellness Magazine, 160 Charlotte St., Suite 202, Peterborough, ON, Canada K9J 2T8. Please direct other correspondence to info@redstonemediagroup.com.

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ADVERTISING SALES National Accounts Manager: Ann Beacom, (866) 764-1212 ext. 222 annbeacom@redstonemediagroup.com Western Regional Manager: Becky Starr, (866) 764-1212 ext. 221 becky@redstonemediagroup.com Multimedia Specialist: Kat Shaw, (866) 764-1212 ext. 315 katshaw@redstonemediagroup.com Marketing/Retail Specialist: Michelle Macaulay, (866) 764-1212 ext. 115 michelle@redstonemediagroup.com CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING: Libby Sinden classifiedads@animalwellnessmagazine.com TO SUBSCRIBE: Subscription price at time of this issue is $24.00 in the U.S. and Canada, including taxes for six issues shipped via surface mail. Subscriptions can be processed by: Website: www.animalwellnessmagazine.com Phone: 1-866-764-1212 ext 115 US MAIL: Animal Wellness Magazine, 6834 S University Blvd PMB 155 Centennial, CO 80122 CDN MAIL: Animal Wellness Magazine, 160 Charlotte St., Suite 202, Peterborough, ON, Canada K9J 2T8 Subscriptions are payable by VISA, MasterCard, American Express, check or money order. The material in this magazine is not intended to replace the care of veterinary practitioners. The opinions expressed are not necessarily those of the editor, and different views may appear in other issues. Redstone Media Group Inc., publisher of Animal Wellness, does not promote any of the products orservices advertised by a third party advertiser in this publication, nor does Redstone Media Group Inc. verify the accuracy of any claims made in connection with such advertisers. Refund policy: call or write our customer service department and we will refund unmailed issues. DEALER INQUIRIES WELCOME: Animal Wellness Magazine is available at a discount for resale in retail shops and through various organizations. Call Libby at 1-866-764-1212 ext 100 and ask for dealer magazine sales, fax us at 705-742-4596 or e-mail at libby@animalwellnessmagazine.com

Animal Wellness Magazine (ISSN 1710-1190) is published six times a year by Redstone Media Group Inc. Publications Mail Agreement #40884047. Entire contents copyright© 2016. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted by any means, without prior written permission of the publisher. Publication date: March 2016.

Improving the lives of animals... one reader at a time.

editorial

Getting the

ITCH OUT

...naturally

it’s been a rough winter in your region, you’re probably welcoming the arrival of spring with open arms…but of course, the return of warmer weather also means a flareup of allergies in many dogs and cats. My childhood dog, a feisty little Bichon Frise named Lacey, would sometimes bite herself silly during the warmer weather. There’s no question she had sensitivities – even a lone flea would leave red welts all over her pink skin. To alleviate her skin discomfort, my mother would apply calamine lotion to any welts and dress her in infant pyjamas, with a hole cut in the rear for her long, flowing tail. I’m not sure what made Lacey more miserable – the itchy hot spots or the embarrassing fashion statement. Of course, that was before we knew anything about holistic options for our animal companions. Fortunately, we now have a lot more information at our fingertips. If your furry friend is prone to developing itchy, irritated skin this time of year, then this issue offers some excellent help. Start with Dr. Karen Becker’s comprehensive article on natural ways to soothe his skin and help him feel more comfortable, from diet and supplements to practical ways of controlling allergens in his environment. Dr. Laurie Dohmen looks at how a range of Western herbs – from ashwaganda to dandelion to nettle – can be used to help combat allergies. If fleas and ticks are a problem, try adding

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essential oils and diatomaceous earth to your arsenal – both are covered in this issue, and are effective ways to get rid of pests without resorting to harmful chemicals. Our cover story stars a tiny but big-hearted dog named Norbert – he’s not only a social media celebrity, but also a therapy dog and the inspiration for a series of children’s books – quite the list of accomplishments for such a little guy! We also celebrate Cinco de Mayo with a look at Mexico’s two native dog breeds, share tips on safe hair-trimming and tear stain removal for dogs, and explore how you can use EFT or “tapping” to enhance your best friend’s well-being. There’s lots more in this issue, and don’t forget our Feline Wellness section as well! You’ll want to meet our cover cat, City the Kitty, and don’t miss part two of Dr. Michael Fox’s article on the feral cat controversy, as well as important information from Dr. Nancy Scanlan about mammary cancer in cats. May spring bring you and your animal companions renewed energy and health,

Dana Cox Editor-in-Chief

April/May 2016

contributors

1. Veterinarian Dr. Laurie Dohmen graduated from the University of Pennsylvania. She is trained in acupuncture, food therapy, Bach ﬂower essences, and Western herbs. She has an integrative practice in Delaware, and lectures on Western herbal veterinary medicine and other holistic topics. Dr. Dohmen is on the faculty of Maryland University of Integrative Medicine, from which she received her Master’s in Therapeutic Herbalism. She is past president of the Veterinary Botanical Medical Association. Read her advice on herbs for allergies on page 60. 2. Veterinarian Dr. Michael W. Fox (drfoxvet.com) writes the nationally syndicated newspaper column “Animal Doctor” and also authored the best-selling books Understanding Your Cat and Supercat: How to Raise the Perfect Feline Companion. Turn to page 96 for the second part of Dr. Fox’s article on the feral cat issue, co-written with Deanna Krantz. 3. Veterinarian Dr. Erin Mayo graduated from the North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine in 2002. She received her veterinary acupuncture and Chinese herbal certification from the International Veterinary Acupuncture Society, and provides holistic and TCVM services for companion animals in central New Jersey. Read Dr. Mayo’s article about folliculitis in dogs – page 32. 4. Veterinarian Dr. Shawn Messonnier wrote The Natural Health Bible for Dogs and Cats, The Natural Vet’s Guide to Preventing and Treating Cancer in Dogs, and 8 Weeks to a Healthy Dog. He’s the pet care expert for Martha Stewart Living’s “Dr. Shawn – The Natural Vet” on Sirius Satellite Radio, and creator of Dr. Shawn’s Pet Organics. His practice, Paws & Claws Animal Hospital (petcarenaturally.com),

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is in Plano, Texas. See page 22 for his article on melatonin for animals. 5. Veterinarian Dr. Nancy Scanlan is Executive Director for the AHVM Foundation. She has been using complementary therapies in her veterinary practice since 1969 -- nutraceuticals, acupuncture, non-classical homeopathy, Chinese and Western herbs, and homotoxicology. Dr. Scanlan works fulltime for the AHVM Foundation. For this issue, she looks at mammary cancer in cats (page 94). 6. Veterinarian Dr. Karen Shaw Becker received her degree from the Iowa State College of Veterinary Medicine. She owns/operates Natural Pet Animal Hospital, Feathers Bird Clinic, TheraPaw Rehabilitation and Pain Management Clinic and Covenant Wildlife Rehabilitation in Illinois. She co-authored Real Food for Healthy Pets and hosts a holistic animal wellness website (mercolahealthypets. com). On page 18, Dr. Becker shares natural approaches to skin allergies. 7. Audi Donamor has been successfully creating special needs diets for companion animals for two decades. She is the founder of the University of Guelph’s Smiling Blue Skies® Cancer Fund and Smiling Blue Skies® Fund for Innovative Research. She is the proud recipient of a Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal, and most recently, was honored with the degree of Doctor of Laws, honoris causa, for her work in cancer, from the University of Guelph/Ontario Veterinary College. Read about the health benefits of sprouts in her article on page 30. 8. Nayana Morag is one of the world’s foremost experts in the use of essential oils and aromatic extracts for animals, and author of the book Essential

Oils for Animals. She has developed a system of animal wellness called Animal PsychAromatica, which uses essential oils, TCM and the reduction of stress through natural management to create true well-being (EssentialAnimals.com). On page 46, Nayana discusses the best essential oils for repelling ﬂeas and ticks. 9. Kenny Coogan, CPBT-KA, holds a bachelor’s degree in animal behavior and is a certified professional bird trainer through the International Avian Trainers Certification Board. He is a weekly pet columnist and magazine contributor and has authored a children’s book titled A Tenrec Named Trey. In this issue (page 42), Kenny writes about the importance of environmental enrichment for dogs. 10. Deanna Krantz has worked in animal and environmental protection since the 1970s in the US, Europe, Africa and India and shares her avocation with her husband, veterinarian Dr. Michael W. Fox. Deanna co-wrote the article on feral cats on page 96. 11. Joan Ranquet is an animal communicator and author of Energy Healing for Animals and Communication with all Life, Revelations of an Animal Communicator. She conducts private sessions, teaches animal communication via teleseminars and weekend workshops and is the founder of Communication With All Life University, a comprehensive certification program for animal communicators (joanranquet.com) See page 56 for her article on the benefits of EFT for animals. 12. Ramona Marek is a writer whose work has been printed in many national and international print and digital magazines. She is a former director of the Cat Writers’ Association and has been a professional

member since 2007. She is also one of a handful of non-veterinarian members of the American Association of Human-Animal Bond Veterinarians, and a supporting member of the International Association of Animal Behavior Consultants (IAABC). On page 26, read Ramona’s article about diatomaceous earth for ﬂea control.

14. Donna Jackel is a longtime journalist specializing in animal welfare. Her work has appeared in regional and national publications, including the Chicago Tribune and Yes! Magazine. She lives in upstate New York with her human family, two cats and two dogs. On page 78, Donna provides safety info for clipping your dog’s hair.

13. Tamra Bolles writes under the pen name of Anabelle Lee Macri. She lives in Atlanta, Georgia. She graduated from the University of Georgia with a Bachelor's degree in journalism, and is a freelance writer. Just in time for Cinco de Mayo, check out her article on Mexico’s national dog breeds on page 72.

15. Erin Mullen is a freelance writer and entrepreneur living in Latrobe, Pennsylvania. She recently graduated from Saint Vincent College and enjoys spending her free time in the outdoors with her boxers, Emma and Elsa. Erin provides advice (page 36) on what to do if your animal suffers a severe allergic reaction.

contributors

16. Eliana Osborn is a writer living with her husband, sons, a terrier and a desert tortoise in Arizona. For this issue, she shares tips on how to get rid of unsightly tear stains on dogs (page 64).

Submissions If you are interested in submitting an article for Animal Wellness Magazine, please contact Ann Brightman, Managing Editor, at : Ann@RedstoneMediaGroup.com.

April/May 2016

yakkity yak DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND ANIMALS Every year, millions of people become victims of domestic violence. If there are dogs or cats in the household, those being abused often won’t leave the situation because they’re afraid of what will happen to the animals. In a recent study, over 75% of women going through domestic violence confessed they weren't taking any action for the sake of their animals! “The Pets and Women Safety Act (H.R. 1258) would give expansive federal protection to pets of domestic violence victims,” says Adriana Meucci, an animal rights advocate in New Jersey, who is campaigning to raise awareness about the correlation between domestic violence and pet ownership. “Moreover, this law would provide a much needed federal grant program to help provide safe haven and pet-friendly domestic violence shelters.” Although pets can now be included in restraining orders in many states, the PAWS ACT would take this a step further by making sure women can escape to safe havens with space for their animals as well as themselves and their children. As of this writing, the bill is before Congress.

RESCUE DOGS – THE MOVIE Tracy and his rescue dog, Charger, own a beach restaurant – but a greedy businessman wants to demolish it so he can build a golf course. While trying to fend off disaster, manage his restaurant and grow a relationship with his love interest, Bridget, Tracy finds himself being rescued by his own rescue dog. Charger is played by Baron, one of Courtney's rescue dogs.

A still from the movie featuring Tracy and Charger in the restaurant.

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This is the premise of Rescue Dogs, a recentlyreleased independent film by actor/producer, Courtney Daniels. Daniels has six rescue animals of her own, is the founder of production company Busted Buggy Entertainment, and plays Bridget in the film alongside Paul Haapaniemi (The Racket Boys, Honey Pie). The film is due to be released at selected theaters on April 2 and 3. Busted Buggy is partnering with 20 animal charities across the country to host adoption events in conjunction with the openings, and 20% of the box office earnings will go to the charity involved at each theater. bustedbuggy.com

Spinach

is good for dogs – it supports eye health, strong bones, and a sturdy digestive tract.

CHARLOTTE’S LITTER

RESCUING ISTANBUL’S GOLDENS

December 14, 2012 was a dark day for the town of Newtown, Connecticut. In a tragedy that shocked the world, 26 people were killed in a mass shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School. Among the 20 children who died that day was Charlotte Bacon (pictured at left), the sixyear-old daughter of Joel and JoAnn Bacon.

Twenty-two abandoned golden retrievers from Istanbul are now calling Canada their home, and more will soon be on their way. Golden Rescue, a Canadian golden retriever rescue organization based in Barrie, Ontario, recently transported the dogs from Turkey in an operation dubbed Rescue Mission of Love.

Since their horrific loss, the Bacons have found a special way to honor their little girl while helping others with Charlotte’s Litter, an organization inspired by the healing and comfort that therapy dogs gave to the children (including Charlotte’s brother, Guy) and teachers of Sandy Hook in the wake of the attack. Its goal is to get therapy dogs into all schools to assist with emotional support, as well as literacy.

The organization wants to bring more goldens from Istanbul to Canada, and is seeking a way to fly them directly to Toronto’s Pearson International Airport instead of through New York’s JFK, to reduce travelinduced stress on the dogs. To help, visit goldenrescue.ca

Along with author Renata Bowers, the Bacon family has also published two books called Good Dogs, Great Listeners: The Story of Charlotte, Lily and the Litter, and The Dogs of Newtown. Charlotteslitter.org, gooddogsgreatlisteners.com

Economic instability in Istanbul, coupled with the fact that golden retrievers have fallen out of favor as status symbols in the region, means that approximately 1,000 goldens in the city have been abandoned. Late in 2015, members of Golden Rescue personally funded a trip to Istanbul to witness the situation, and resolved to bring the dogs to Canada for a second chance at life.

One of 22 rescued golden retrievers relaxing at his new home in Canada.

April/May 2016

yakkity yak TOP NAMES FOR THERAPY DOGS

Do you have or know a therapy dog? See if his or her name is on this list of top names for therapy dogs recently compiled by Pet Partners (petpartners.org)!

q Bella w Lucy e Maggie r Molly t Cooper

Dogs and cats should be

brushed

at least once a week to help remove dead hair and skin.

TACKLING ANIMAL OVERPOPULATION Homeless dogs and cats remain a big problem in many cities, with shelters bursting at the seams with unwanted animals. In its ongoing commitment to reducing dog and cat overpopulation, the Los Angeles Department of Animal Services has awarded The Lucy Pet Foundation a $500,000 per year contract to provide free mobile spay and neuter services to resident pet guardians in low income areas of the city. “We are grateful and excited about our partnership with Los Angeles Animal Services and look forward to performing our goal of 10,000 spay and neuter procedures throughout the city in the next two years,” says Dr. Karen Halligan, Chief Veterinary Officer for the Foundation. “We are committed to stop the excessive influx of animals going into shelters.” lucypetfoundation.org

Photo courtesy of Christine Newton

WATCH OUT FOR STICKS! Christine Newton and her daughter were out for a hike with their dog, Jake, when the pointer mix ran ahead and didn’t come back when called. Christine knew something was wrong, and when Jake finally did reappear, she noticed he had a hole in his chest. There wasn’t much blood, but when Christine helped Jake into the car, she noticed there was something stuck in the wound.

Jake with Christine's daughter, Thea.

Animal Wellness

Turns out, Jake had impaled himself on a 4” stick, which had to be surgically removed. Dr. Kristina DePaula, a board-certified specialist in critical care with BluePearl says Jake’s injury is a good reminder for everyone to be cautious when taking dogs into wooded areas. Sticks are sharp and dirty, and can cause deep tissue injury and infection. bluepearlvet.com.

April/May 2016

yakkity yak LOOKING FOR YOUR BFF? If you’re yearning for a four-legged soulmate, there’s no shortage of dogs and cats looking for someone to love them. Best Friends Animal Society is holding Super Adoption events at which local shelters and rescue groups come together to find homes for as many animals as possible. Mark these dates on your calendar and visit bestfriends.org for more info: May 13 and 14: NKUT Super Adoption, Salt Lake City, UT May 13 to 15: Best Friends Super Adoption, New York, NY June 3 to 5: NKLA Super Adoption, Los Angeles, CA

Best Friends' Super Adoption events bring people together with hundreds of lovable animals in need of homes.

SOCIAL MEDIA STARS PROMOTE ADOPTION

Three social media animal stars have teamed up to help dogs and cats at shelters and rescues across the country find loving homes. Canine fashion icon Toast Meets World (instagram.com/toastmeetsworld), Keyboard Cat (youtube.com/ user/chuckieart), and Hamilton Pug (instagram.com/hamiltonpug) are lending their star power to “Start A Story. Adopt”, a new PSA campaign from The Shelter Pet Project, a collaborative effort between Maddie’s Fund, The Humane Society of the United States, and the Ad Council.

Toast Meets World (above) and Hamilton Pug (right) are two social media stars lending a paw to the HSUS to help promote the adoption of homeless dogs and cats.

The PSAs highlight the stories of these social media animals, whose own lives began in shelters and rescues, and focuses on the special bonds the animals share with their families. Prospective animal guardians are encouraged to visit TheShelterPetProject.org to learn more about the adoption process and search for adoptable dogs and cats at their local shelters and rescue groups. The TV, radio, print, outdoor and web PSAs were distributed in late January to national media. The campaign is continuing to build awareness of the benefits of adoption through an extensive social media campaign, which will include original and user-generated content encouraging people to share their shelter pet adoption stories (use hashtag #StartAStoryAdopt to share your own story).

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April/May 2016

SURVIVING ALLERGY SEASON WITH AN

In canines, seasonal allergies usually manifest as skin problems and scratching. Here’s how to ease the discomfort.

itchy dog By Karen Shaw Becker, DVM

It’s spring – the start of another allergy season! Seasonal allergies in people usually show up as sniffling, sneezing and coughing. But canine allergies usually take the form of allergic dermatitis – irritation and/or inflammation of the skin (see sidebar on opposite page). Follow these steps to take control of his allergies.

FIND OUT IF HE HAS LEAKY GUT SYNDROME

The first thing I recommend for a dog with allergies is to address his diet and the possibility of leaky gut syndrome. In my experience, dysbiosis (leaky gut) is often the underlying cause of seasonal allergies that get progressively worse from one year to the next. There isn’t only one leaky gut protocol for all dogs, so work with a holistic or integrative vet to put together a treatment plan for your canine. If you suspect food allergies, your vet can identify what proteins you should avoid feeding your dog with a Nutriscan saliva test.

TRANSITION TO AN ANTIINFLAMMATORY DIET

• Diets that create or worsen inflammation are high in carbohydrates. Your allergic dog’s diet should be free of grains and potatoes, since carbs feed inflammation and yeast, a common secondary issue to allergies. • If you adhere to Chinese food principles, you will want to avoid “energetically warm” or “hot” foods during periods of inflammation. This means avoiding chicken and beef and opting for more “cooling” proteins such as bison or rabbit.

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• Omega-3 fatty acids can decrease inflammation throughout the body. The best sources are krill, salmon, tuna, anchovy and sardine oil as well as other marine oils (e.g. squid). Cod liver oil does not provide enough EFAs for dogs; it’s a good source of vitamins A and D, but not essential fatty acids. Plant sources of EFAs (flax, primrose, hemp, borage oils) can’t be efficiently converted to utilizable DHA, and additional sources of Omega-6 fatty acids (safflower, sunflower, canola, corn oil) should not be given to dogs struggling with skin inflammation. • Coconut oil contains lauric acid, which helps decrease the body’s production of yeast. Using fish oil with coconut oil can help moderate or even suppress the inflammatory response.

ASSESS HIS IMMUNE SYSTEM

Seasonal allergies are an immune system response, and one of the best ways to keep your dog’s immune function optimal is by avoiding unnecessary vaccines and drugs.. Vaccines stimulate the immune system, which is the last thing an allergic dog needs. Talk to your veterinarian about titers to measure his immunity to core diseases as an alternative to automatically vaccinating. If

your dog must receive the rabies vaccine, I recommend you have it done during the winter, or when his allergic symptoms are minimal.

CONTROL ALLERGENS

Your dog’s paws and hair collect literally millions of allergens each time she goes outdoors. • Frequent baths wash away allergens and provide relief from itching and irritation. Use a grain-free shampoo. My recommendation is an organic coconut oil-based shampoo with added essential oils (such as peppermint or tea tree, which are naturally antibacterial) that has specifically been created for animals. • Soothing dips are under-utilized, all-natural solutions that can dramatically reduce skin irritation during allergy season. My two favorite dips are homemade vinegar and lemon rinses. See the sidebar on page 20 for my recipes. Continued on page 20.

Signs of seasonal allergies

A dog with allergies is usually very itchy. He’ll scratch excessively. He might bite or chew at a certain part of his body. He may also rub his body against the floor or furniture. As the itching and scratching get worse, the skin often becomes inflamed and tender. There might be areas of hair loss, open sores, or sores that have scabbed over. Your dog might develop hot spots, which are inflamed, infected areas of skin resulting from an overgrowth of normal bacteria. Hot spots can develop very quickly, and are usually red and angry-looking. They ooze pus, and often cause bleeding and hair loss. He may have problems with his ears. The ear canals become itchy and inflamed as part of the generalized allergic response. They can also become infected with yeast and bacteria. Symptoms of a brewing ear infection include scratching at the ears, aggressive headshaking, hair loss around the ears, and a bad smell or discharge from the ears. Allergic dogs can develop generalized redness, which means inflammation almost anywhere. They might have red puffy eyes, red oral tissue, a red chin, red muzzle, red paws, a red belly or inner thighs, and even a red anus or tail base. aren’t common in dogs with allergies, but they’re not unheard of. Your dog may have a runny nose, watery eyes, and be sneezing or coughing. Dogs with seasonal allergies to pollens, grasses, ragweed and molds also tend to develop sensitivity to other inhaled allergens. And animals with a weakness in the lung field can develop sinusitis and bronchitis just

April/May 2016

Continued from page 19.

Set up the foot soak outside your door and walk your dog through it every time she comes indoors. This incredibly simple trick has kept many of my seasonal allergy patients off medications the entire summer. You can use my rinse recipes as foot soak solutions, or buy Povidone Iodine (Betadine) and dilute it to an iced tea color. This is especially beneficial for dogs that chew to the point of creating infections. • Eye rinses specifically for dogs can provide relief for itchy eyes. It’s very important that you never use a human medicated eye drop without your veterinarian’s consent! Basic saline contact solution (no added ingredients) can really help reduce itchy eyes during peak allergy season. Keep your home interior as allergen-free as possible. Vacuum and clean floors as well as dog bedding. Use non-toxic cleaning agents rather than chemical-based household cleaners. Consider investing in an air purifier to remove indoor allergens. Covering your dog’s bed with dust mite covers that can be frequently washed also reduces allergen contamination.

Soothing rinses for itchy dogs

Vinegar rinse: Combine 1 cup raw, unﬁltered apple cider vinegar with 1 gallon of pure water or cooled tea (use peppermint, chamomile or green tea bags). Lemon rinse: Slice 1 lemon and boil for 10 minutes in 1 gallon pure water. Turn off heat, add 4 tea bags (use peppermint, chamomile or green tea bags) and allow solution to cool completely. Note that lemon juice can lighten dark hair. Pour cool vinegar or lemon rinse over the dog from just behind his collar to the tip of his tail (do not pour on head). Make sure the skin is saturated, including the armpits, belly, legs and tail base. Rub in with your hands, wring off and towel dry. Do not rinse. Can be repeated two or three times a week, as needed, to control itch. Solutions can also be added to spray bottles and misted on itchy areas as needed (store spray bottles in refrigerator, shake well before use and change solution every three days).

Animal Wellness

NAET (Nambudripad's Allergy Elimination Technique), can offer a non-toxic means of allergy elimination. SUPPLEMENTS FOR ALLERGIC DOGS

Quercetin is a bioflavonoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant qualities. I call it “nature’s Benadryl” because it’s very effective at suppressing histamine release.

Stinging nettle

• Foot soaks reduce the allergens your dog tracks into the house. Feet are a common area of focus for allergic dogs because they sweat from their pads, creating a moist, sticky surface for allergens. If your dog is prone to licking and chewing her feet, this is a great way to reduce the potential for infected nail beds, interdigital cysts, and inflamed, swollen pads.

Vitamin C can also function as a natural antihistamine; dogs can tolerate higher doses of the non-acidic form, calcium ascorbate. Bromelain and papain are proteolytic enzymes that increase absorption of quercetin, making it more effective. I like to combine quercetin, bromelain and papain because they have a great synergistic effect. They also suppress prostaglandin release, which in turn decreases the pain and inflammation of irritated mucus membranes. Stinging nettle and butterbur are two herbs that may also be beneficial. Homeopathics of various types are useful (they are based on your dog’s individual symptoms). I frequently recommend HistoPlex-AB by Biotics Research, a blend of standardized herbal extracts with immune-modulating effects. I also use Moducare by Thorne Research to help modulate overactive immune systems. Diffused essential oils such as eucalyptus oil can be healing to mucus membranes while lemon oil can provide airborne antioxidants that reduce your dog’s internal and external inflammation. Peppermint oil is naturally astringent and lavender oil naturally soothing. Local honey contains small amounts of pollen from the local area that can help desensitize the body to local allergens. The best place to pick up local honey is from a farmers’ market in your area. The more your dog is exposed to allergens he is sensitive to, the more intense and long-lasting his allergic response will become. Address potential root causes at the first sign of any type of allergic response, which usually occurs around six to 12 months of age. When symptoms are identified and addressed immediately, you reduce the risk of an escalating allergic response from one year to the next.

grooming, skin & coat

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April/May 2016

MELATONIN for dogs and cats By Shawn Messonnier, DVM

Along with promoting sleep, melatonin may also help with Cushing’s disease, separation anxiety and other dog and cat health problems.

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Melatonin as a nutritional supplement is often used by humans for sleep problems, but it also has several health applications for dogs and cats. Melatonin possesses a number of reported actions: • Regulates the immune system – lymphocyte white blood cells synthesize and release large amounts of melatonin • Induces restful sleep • Acts as an antioxidant – it’s a potent free radical scavenger • Reduces skin damage caused by UV radiation, when applied topically • Opposes degenerative side effects caused by elevated levels of corticosteroids • Is being used as part of the therapy for hormone-induced cancers • Reduces (at high doses) side effects and enhances cancer-killing abilities of chemotherapy and radiation therapy, by promoting cancer cell death and the release of immune-modulating chemicals called cytokines. In people, melatonin is also used for insomnia arising from many causes (lack of sleep, ADHD, beta blocker blood pressure medication, etc.); sleep problems in autistic individuals; dementia

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and Alzheimer’s disease; depression; chronic fatigue syndrome; epilepsy; numerous cancers; as an anti-aging supplement; and for weight loss. As more research continues, it is likely additional uses of melatonin will be found.

HOW IS MELATONIN USED IN ANIMALS?

In dogs and cats, melatonin has been prescribed for several conditions. Sleep problems: Melatonin can induce restful sleep. This may be helpful for older animals that have trouble with normal sleep-wake cycles, typically seen in those with cognitive disorder (i.e. dog or cat “Alzheimer’s”).

Cushing’s disease: This condition involves an overproduction of hormones, most commonly cortisol, in the dog’s adrenal glands. It’s usually due to a benign tumor of the pituitary gland in the brain (some cases are caused by malignant tumors of the adrenal glands).

What is melatonin? Flax seeds

Melatonin is currently used as part of the natural therapy regimen for some dogs with the pituitary form of Cushing’s disease, although its exact mechanism of action is unknown and its effectiveness varies among patients. Suggested actions of melatonin include the inhibition of certain enzymes needed for the conversion of one hormone to another; for example, the inhibition of aromatase enzymes, which decreases androstenedione and testosterone conversion into estradiol and possibly the 21-hydroxylase enzyme (which would decrease cortisol levels.) In addition to various herbal and homeopathic remedies to help patients with Cushing’s disease (as well as those with pre-Cushing’s elevations of ALP enzymes), melatonin may be added to the treatment plan along with flax seed. The lignans in the freshly-ground flax seeds may lower the estradiol levels that can increase in animals with adrenal disease. Continued on page 24.

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5methoxytryptamine) is a hormone produced in the brain by the pineal gland. The amino acid tryptophan is converted into serotonin, which is then converted into melatonin. Photosensitive cells in the retinas of the eye modulate the production of melatonin by their action on the pineal gland: melatonin levels rise in darkness (night, preparing the body for sleep) and fall in light (day, preparing the body to be awake.) Melatonin is often referred to as the “biological timekeeper” of hormone secretions because it regulates a number of hormones which in turn regulate other hormones.

April/May 2016

Side effects and contraindications

Melatonin is generally considered safe when used at the recommended dosage, although it should only be used under the supervision of your veterinarian. After all, it is a hormone and can interact with numerous processes in your dog or cat’s body, as well as with other medications. Because it regulates hormones, extended use may interfere with the actions of other hormones, so regular monitoring is advised if melatonin is used for long periods of time. • Excessive drowsiness can occur in patients treated with melatonin, particularly at higher dosages. • Melatonin is not recommended during pregnancy or lactation, due to its effects on other hormones and its ability to cross the placenta. • There have been rare reports of increased seizures in children suffering from neurological disorders after the administration melatonin. This has not been reported in animals. • Melatonin may decrease fertility. • In people, melatonin should not be used during pregnancy or when nursing; depression; in patients with nocturnal asthma; in adolescents; in patients using corticosteroids for anti-inflammatory or immunesuppressive effects; or in patients with fibromyalgia or diabetes. Research suggests that melatonin may be harmful in patients with autoimmune diseases. • Sedative medications/antidepressants interact with melatonin, which might increase sleepiness and drowsiness or increase the side effects of antidepressants. • Anticoagulants interact with melatonin. • In a small percentage of people taking melatonin at night to induce restful sleep, the opposite effect is seen and insomnia occurs. Using a lower dose or administering melatonin in the morning may be helpful. This may also occur in animals. If used as a sleep aid, use the lowest effective dose possible. • Administration of corticosteroids may suppress melatonin synthesis; administering melatonin may counter the side effects of corticosteroids, including alterations in sleep-wake cycles. Patients taking corticosteroids for immune-suppressive effects should be monitored closely for adverse reactions (decreased efficacy of corticosteroid therapy) when given melatonin. • Caution or avoidance is indicated in patients taking anti-high blood pressure medications, since combining them with melatonin may cause uncontrolled blood pressure.

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Continued from page 23.

Separation anxiety: Melatonin has been used in the treatment of separation anxiety in dogs, possibly due to its sedative effect. It may also be tried as a treatment for other stressful conditions, such as noise anxieties related to fireworks. However, any effect on behavioral problems is likely to be confined to animals with mild anxieties.

Type II diabetes mellitus: Animals may benefit from a treatment plan that incorporates melatonin.

Cancer: Melatonin is used in many human patients with various cancers, especially those related to hormones (breast, prostate, etc.). It may also be beneficial as a general supplement for dogs and cats with cancer. Alopecia X: The first suggested use of melatonin in dogs was for the treatment of the canine skin disease alopecia X, a condition of unknown cause resulting in hair loss, typically seen in Chows and Pomeranians. It may work by correcting a deficiency of the melatonin hormone or by directly promoting hair regrowth or a thicker coat.

Most people assume that melatonin is solely for sleep issues, but when used correctly, it has many additional potential health benefits for humans as well as for our dogs and cats.

April/May 2016

By Ramona D. Marek, MS Ed

Diatomaceous earth

D gs Cats

for natural flea control Food grade diatomaceous earth (DE) is an effective way to get rid of ďŹ&#x201A;eas without exposing your dog to toxins. If your dog has fleas and youâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re looking for an effective, natural, non-toxic way to do away with them, diatomaceous earth (DE) is a good solution. Diatomaceous earth is a silkyfine powder made from the fossilized remains of tiny aquatic organisms called diatoms. The sharp edges of the diatoms cut through the hard exoskeletons of fleas, acting as a dessicant or drying agent, effectively killing the fleas and their larvae. Because of the way it works, diatomaceous earth is considered a mechanical killer as opposed to a chemical killer, which makes it safer for your dog or

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cat. Diatomaceous earth products are registered for use against fleas, ticks, bedbugs, spiders, cockroaches, and other pests.

USE FOOD GRADE DIATOMACEOUS EARTH There are over 150 registered diatomaceous earth products for use in and around homes, gardens, farms and kennels, and some that may be applied directly to dogs and cats. However, only food grade diatomaceous earth is recommended for direct application. “There are three classifications for diatomaceous earth: food grade, feed grade, and industrial grade,” says Jodi Ziskin, Healthy Pet Coach. “It is imperative that only food grade diatomaceous earth be used on animals and people and around the house. Food grade diatomaceous earth must meet specifications for how much heavy metal can be present; there must be less than 10mg/kg of lead and arsenic in the diatomaceous earth. Feed grade diatomaceous earth does not adhere to these rules. Industrial grade diatomaceous earth has been treated with very high heat, causing its silicon dioxide to change to crystalline silica, which can be dangerous and harmful to the health of all animals, including humans.”

HOW TO USE DIATOMACEOUS EARTH

ONE

On the animal Food grade diatomaceous earth is non-toxic to humans and animals and may be directly applied to animals, although

Mixing diatomaceous earth with water for a spray application or to prevent dust renders it useless; it must be dry in order to work. caution needs to be used in certain cases. Because diatomaceous earth is a desiccant, it may cause issues in animals (and people) with asthma or other respiratory problems. Jodi recommends that people with respiratory conditions wear a mask when applying diatomaceous earth. Avoid putting it directly on an animal with respiratory problems, or at the very least keep it away from his face. It is also best not to apply diatomaceous earth to the animal if he has dry or irritated skin. If the animal doesn’t have respiratory or skin problems, food grade diatomaceous earth can be rubbed into his coat, but it’s still important to keep it away from his eyes and muzzle. After several days give him a bath with a natural, gentle shampoo to get rid of the dead fleas and prevent dry skin.

Two

In the house

“Though it can be used on pets, DE is really best for use in the environment,” says veterinarian Dr. Elissa Katz. “It dries out the eggs of the insects so they can’t reproduce. Eggs typically are not found on animals, but moreso in the environment – for example, where the animal sleeps or

April/May 2016

Where to find DE

Several companies sell food grade diatomaceous earth that can be used for flea control.

• “Our Crawling Insect Control Diatomaceous Earth can be applied directly to bedding, kennels or even the animal himself,” says Andrew Hemmer of Earthworks Health Products (earthworkshealth.com). “For flea control indoors, we recommend applying it to the entire coat of the animal (avoiding the face and eyes) and then rub it down to the skin as best you can. Do this for two weeks…and also apply a thin, even and visible application to his bedding, and the flooring, rugs or upholstery near the bedding. When two weeks are over with, you may vacuum and clean your animal off.”

• True Raw Choice Diatomaceous Earth from Your True Companion Pet Products (companionpetproducts.ca) is another choice. “When lightly rubbed into their coats and dusted in your pets’ area, food grade diatomaceous earth is very effective against lice, mites, fleas and ticks on dogs and cats,” says the company’s literature. “If your pet has fleas, apply every four days for about 12 days and dust all their bedding and living areas.”

comes in and out the house and shakes. We typically recommend a large saltshaker type of container to apply diatomaceous earth, although it can get a little dusty if it’s shaken too much.” There are a few considerations to follow for the most effective use of diatomaceous earth in the home. Vacuum thoroughly before applying it to carpets, bare floors, furniture, etc., and dispose of the vacuum contents outside. Apply the diatomaceous earth using the shaker method, or use a sock or sieve, and put it on all floor surfaces, animal bedding and furniture. Also pay attention to corners, nooks and crannies. Dr. Katz recommends leaving diatomaceous earth on floors, carpets and even furnishings for up to two weeks before vacuuming.

“Though it can be used on animals, diatomaceous earth is really best for use in the environment.” While the diatomaceous earth is setting in to the home environment, Jodi recommends the following: “Remove fleas from your animal using a flea comb and a bowl of soapy water to drown the fleas. You may miss a few, and that’s where having diatomaceous earth all over the house comes in – as your dog or cat comes into contact with the floor or bedding, the diatomaceous earth will kill any remaining fleas/ticks.”

Three

In the yard Diatomaceous earth is safe to use in the yard although larger quantities are needed to be effective. Its effectiveness also varies according to the weather and climate. It’s important to keep in mind that it doesn’t work when wet. In humid areas, like the Pacific Northwest or the Southeast, diatomaceous earth needs to be reapplied more often than in arid areas like California or Arizona. “Keep in mind that, like any other pest prevention method, the process does have to be repeated,” says Jodi. Regular trimming of hedges, shrubs and grass also helps tamp down fleas and other pests.

Fleas may be a part of life, but we don’t have to put up with them in our homes or on our animals, nor do we have to resort to harsh chemicals for pest control. Diatomaceous earth is an effective, nontoxic way to get rid of fleas without resorting to harmful chemicals.

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April/May 2016

Sprouts

By Audi Donamor

– THEY’RE GOOD FOR DOGS & CATS TOO!

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prouts are mini-powerhouses of nutrition, and they’re just as good for your dog or cat as they are for you. Instead of whole grains for your dog or cat, try sprouts instead. They make a simple addition to his diet, whether mixed into his food, added as a topper, or included in a whole foods home-prepared diet. Sprouts have a higher nutrient profile than the plants that grow from them because they contain everything the plant needs to sustain life and growth. They are loaded with enzymes, protein, vitamins, minerals and antioxidants, and offer higher levels of B vitamins, vitamin C, fiber, folate and amino acids.

GROWING YOUR OWN SPROUTS

Pea, Mung bean, alfalfa, broccoli, radish, clover and sunflower sprouts are just some examples of sprouts you can feed your dog or cat (and yourself), and all contain dietary fiber, protein, vitamin A and C, calcium and iron. Instead of sprouting one kind of seed in each jar, consider making up a mix.

 Use only organic seeds. Seeds for sprouting are often specially marked. There are many seeds available,

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and combinations are wonderful. For example, try alfalfa, sunflower, broccoli, lentils, oats, radish, red clover and pumpkin. The sky is the limit!

 Wash your hands before handling seeds. Before rinsing your seeds, remove any dirt, pebbles or other debris that may be in among the seeds. Rinse and drain the seeds well.

 Place seeds in a sprouting container – for example, a Mason jar. Add two to three times as much filtered water as seeds. If you do not use sufficient water, the seeds will not sprout well. Punch holes in a traditional Mason jar lid or use cheesecloth and secure it with an elastic.

 Place your sprouting jar or container in a spot that’s out of direct sunlight and at room temperature. Lining them up on the kitchen counter, like I have always done, is perfect.

 Soak seeds for eight to 12 hours.  Take a wooden or stainless steel spoon and remove and dispose of any seeds and debris that are floating at the top of the jar. Slowly stir the seeds, and again, remove any that float to the top. Rinse and drain the remaining seeds.

Sprout-astic loaf INGREDIENTS

 Leave the seeds for another eight to 12 hours. Times for sprouting will vary, depending on the type(s) of seed(s) you have chosen. Generally, smaller seeds and grains are ready in three to four days, while larger beans are ready in five or six days.

 Do not store “wet” sprouts. The drier they are, the better. Store them in an airtight container or Ziploc bag in the refrigerator.

A SHORT HISTORY OF SPROUTS

Sprouts have a very long history, going back 5,000 years. Traditional Chinese physicians recognized both their nutritional and medicinal value and began prescribing them for a variety of health ailments. In the early 1700s, sprouts were one of the curatives for scurvy. During the Second World War, Dr. Clive M. McKay, Professor of Nutrition at Cornell University, really turned up the volume on sprouts when he wrote: “Wanted! A vegetable that will grow in any climate, will rival meat in nutritive value, will mature in three to five days, may be planted any day of the year, will require neither soil nor sunshine, will rival tomatoes in vitamin C, will be free of waste in preparation and can be cooked with little fuel and as quickly as a …chop.” He was referring to soybean sprouts!

• 1 cup diced zucchini • 1 cup grated carrot • 1 cup chopped kale • 2 tablespoons ﬁrst-pressed olive oil or camelina oil • 1 teaspoon Himalayan sea salt • ½ teaspoon turmeric • 4 whole eggs • 1 cup sprouts of your choice, to be added just

before serving

INSTRUCTIONS

Choose organic ingredients whenever possible. Preheat oven to 350°F. Lightly baste a Pyrex or other baking pan with olive oil or camelina oil. Combine all ingredients (except sprouts) in a mixing bowl and turn into baking pan. Bake for 20 minutes. Remove from oven, and cool to room temperature. Sprinkle with sprouts before serving. Store in the refrigerator in an airtight container. This recipe can also be served to your animal raw. Combine all ingredients in a mixing bowl, including sprouts, and use as a meal topper. Store in the refrigerator, in an airtight container or Ziploc bag.

We have come an even longer way since Dr. McKay got the ball rolling, although it has really only been since the 1970s that Western society has become more interested in sprouting seeds. In the early 1980s, it was not at all unusual to walk into our galley kitchen at home and see a lineup of sprout jars. From sunflower, radish and broccoli to wheat grass for our cat, Tyrone, there was a daily shuffle of bottles, as we rinsed some, shook some, ate some, and shared some. Sprouting has since changed from a “hip” way to get your greens to a common household meal addition for people and animals, with special seeds for sprouting, starter kits, different sprouting jars and trays, and even stainless steel sprouting pots. To learn more about the nutritional proﬁle of different sprouts, visit nutritiondata.self.com. April/May 2016

Folliculitis in dogs By Erin Mayo, DVM

This common condition is caused by an inflammation of the skin follicles. Here are some natural ways to ease the itch of folliculitis. Have you ever seen a dog that could best be described as a “moth-eaten rug”? He may have been suffering from a common condition called folliculitis, an inflammation of the hair follicle. Follicles are tiny openings in the outer layer of the skin in which hair grows and sebaceous glands produce oils. Folliculitis is usually the result of some underlying problem.

WHAT CAUSES FOLLICULITIS?

Many things can cause inflammation of the skin and hair follicles, but there a few very common culprits. •T he ectoparasite that causes demodectic mange (Demodex canis) can cause folliculitis. This parasite is ubiquitous and normally lives on adult dogs in the hair follicle. It rarely causes any symptoms, however, because the mature adult immune system keeps the mites from proliferating. Puppies are particularly at risk for demodex, because their immune systems are immature and don’t keep the mites in check. While rare, some adult dogs can develop folliculitis from demodex infestation, but this is usually an indication of underlying immune system incompetence. • F ungal agents can also cause folliculitis. Dermatophytosis, or ringworm, is a contagious condition caused by fungal organisms found in the environment. Again, this is more commonly a problem for puppies or kittens, but if there is a lot of exposure to the organism, even adult dogs can become infected.

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• Bacteria are by far the most common factors associated with folliculitis. Bacterial pyoderma (bacterial skin infection) can cause a myriad of symptoms, including folliculitis. The most common underlying cause of pyoderma is allergies. Certain breeds, such as cocker spaniels and boxers, are prone to skin allergies, but any dog can develop them. If the inciting allergen can be identified and eliminated, recurrent problems with pyoderma and folliculitis will disappear.

DIAGNOSIS IS SIMPLE

Folliculitis is relatively easy to identify just by looking at the skin. The challenge is determining why it is there. Thankfully, there are several quick and easy tests that can be used to find the particular cause of the folliculitis.

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Skin scrape and hair plucking: Demodex can be identified via a skin scrape. A sample of the cells, hair and debris on the surface of the skin can be examined under the microscope to look for parasites. Hair can also be plucked to look for demodex mites clinging to the hair shafts. Fungal culture: A fungal culture can be performed to identify dermatophytes. Again, this is a relatively easy and inexpensive test, although it does take up to seven to ten days to get full results. Skin cytology: This is similar to a scrape but is done to determine the presence of bacterial infection. Unfortunately, this test does not specify what strain of bacteria is present. Bacterial culture: If the condition is chronic or unresponsive to previous treatment, a bacterial culture may be necessary. While this test can be expensive, it is often needed to ensure that the treatment chosen works properly.

MAINSTREAM TREATMENT

Once the underlying cause of folliculitis is identified, treatment is usually straightforward. Continued on page 34.

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April/May 2016

Folliculitis can have a wide variety of appearances. Mild forms can lead to patchy alopecia (hair loss), sometimes referred to as a “moth-eaten” coat. In these situations, overt inflammation is not present; there’s just hair loss with little to no evidence of regrowth. In some instances, the follicles can appear black due to the formation of comedones. These aren’t caused by changes in skin pigmentation, but by the collection of dirt and oils in the inflamed and blocked follicles. If inflammation in the follicles is severe enough, they will appear as red bumps, similar to hives but accompanied by a scale or crust. When there is an underlying bacterial infection, you may also see additional skin lesions, such as papules, pustules or collarettes. Mild folliculitis is rarely itchy, but when it’s accompanied by bacterial infection, it can by extremely itchy. Continued from page 33. If demodex is suspected, it is conventionally treated with sulfur lime dips or occasionally with oral milbemycin oxime (a commonly-used medication in heartworm preventatives). Dermatophytosis can be treated with shampoos containing antifungals, or topical antifungal creams. Occasionally, oral antifungal medications are used, but this is generally avoided since these medications can have side effects. Pyoderma is treated with oral antibiotics, generally for four to six weeks. Steroids can be used to decrease itchiness and inflammation but are rarely needed for mild cases. Topical antibacterial agents can be used for localized lesions. Shampoos that contain cholorhexadine, ketoconazole and benzoyl peroxide are particularly useful for flushing the follicles.

HOLISTIC OPTIONS

Many alternative options can both treat the symptoms of folliculitis and address some of the underlying causes. Dietary supplements • Omega-3 fatty acids (fish oil) have been proven to be an effective anti-inflammatory agent for skin disease. • Probiotics can be helpful for a wide range of conditions. Many veterinarians theorize that allergies are related to poor gut health. Whether from antibiotic overuse, stress, poor diet or poor genetics, some dogs have an overgrowth of “bad” bacteria in their intestines. This not only leads to poor digestion, but

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Herbs •N ettles (Urtica dioica) have both antiallergic and anti-inflammatory properties when taken orally. •C hamomile can calm itchiness and may also be given orally. Topical options •T ea (black or green) applied topically has both astringent and anti-itch properties, good for itchy infected skin. • Witch hazel is also an effective astringent. When selecting witch hazel products, know that it is often prepared with alcohol, which can be extremely drying and painful if the skin is red and irritated. • Aloe vera is a good option in cases of very irritated and infected skin. It is both anti-bacterial and soothing, which is why it’s frequently used for mild burns associated with excessive sun exposure. • Coconut oil is another good topical option for irritated skin. It is anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and soothing, and due to its recent popularity, has become readily available at most grocery stores.

Chamomile

What are the symptoms?

potentially over-stimulation of the immune system, which manifests as an excessive immune response, or allergies.

Folliculitis is a common condition, probably because there are a lot of things that can trigger it. The key to dealing with it, and avoiding that unsightly “moth-eaten” look, is to get to the root cause.

Preventing folliculitis

Prevention is simple as long as the underlying cause can be identified and eliminated or avoided. • Demodex mites and fungi are ubiquitous in the environment, but are usually only a problem if the immune system is not working properly. In these cases, you can help boost your dog’s natural defenses with a good diet, daily exercise and minimal stress. • If allergies are suspected, the allergens need to be identified and avoided. For example, a common type of folliculitis occurs on the chin, and is referred to as “chin acne”. It can result from contact with certain types of plastic, so switching out plastic food and water bowls to glass or ceramic eliminates the problem. Other options for addressing allergies include diet changes. Talk to your veterinarian if you suspect your dog’s folliculitis is related to allergies.

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Quality

essential oils have more health benefits for dogs than you may realize

Essential oils are often used as natural pest repellents (see page 46). But they offer many additional health benefits, according to veterinarians Dr. John Hanover and Dr. Susan Albright, who regularly use them in their practices. “Essential oils are very powerful tools,” Dr. Hanover says. “They are a safe and easy way to support an animal’s health without side effects. Essential oils are effective alone, but are synergistic with other modalities, including chiropractic, acupuncture, applied kinesiology, homotoxicology, herbs and glandulars, as well as allopathic treatments. “Essential oils are a part of our daily routine in the practice,” adds Dr. Albright. “Every morning, three or four diffusers are set up to run in the waiting area, exam rooms and kennels. Each case seen includes an essential oil recommendation. I use them for their calming effects during an exam and for enhancing the effectiveness of other modalities such as acupuncture and chiropractic.” “I frequently offer an animal an essential oil scent to take the edge off their stress,” Dr. Hanover says. Before touching an anxious animal, Dr. Hanover will use a Peace and Calming blend from Young Living Essential Oils to lower the animal’s stress levels. This particular blend includes Ylang Ylang, Orange, Tangerine, Patchouli and Blue Tansy oils. “I also use essential oils to promote skin health.” Additional oils Drs. Hanover and Albright often use include a Young Living blend called Valor, which contains Black Spruce, Blue Tansy,

Rosewood and Frankincense. “It gets used on every dog receiving acupuncture and/or chiropractic treatments,” says Dr. Hanover. “I also use Lavender and Geranium for stress and anxiety.” Young Living offers a range of quality essential oils, singly or in blends, for use in both people and animals. It also has a specific Animal Care line of topicals that includes a shampoo, pest repellent and more. All the oils are safe for dogs when used properly and diluted as needed. Dr. Hanover cautions that it’s very important to use high quality oils, and that because there are more precautions in using essential oils with cats, it’s important to work with a holistic veterinarian trained in the use of essential oils. “I am putting the health of my patients on the line, so I need to be certain I am using the best products available to me,” John explains. “Young Living has over 20 years of experience and is dedicated to quality. They have eight farms on four continents, which enables them to control every aspect of growing their botanicals. Many other companies don't control how their oils are processed, and rarely know the growing conditions. Others claiming to be experts have only been in the field a few years and don't have the education or experience to know everything that goes into high quality oils.” “Young Living also has a dynamic infrastructure in place for support and education in the proper use of essential oils,” says Dr. Albright. “Having a trusted resource to further my knowledge and integration of essential oils into my patients’ healthcare plans is of utmost importance.” April/May 2016

By Erin Mullen

Emergency Care FOR SEVERE ALLERGIC REACTIONS

Bee stings, certain foods or accidental drug ingestion can cause extreme allergic reactions, also called anaphylaxis, in some dogs. Here’s how to stabilize an anaphylactic dog until you can get him to the vet.

naphylaxis is an extreme and potentially lifethreatening allergic reaction. In dogs, it can rapidly manifest as shock, severe swelling, breathing difficulties or gastrointestinal distress. Several things may trigger anaphylaxis, including insect stings or bites, the ingestion of foods the dog is allergic to, accidental consumption of medications or even exposure to some household cleaners and fragrances.

Left untreated, anaphylaxis may result in death, so it’s vital to get your dog to an emergency veterinary immediately. The earlier the dog receives care and antihistamine is given, the better the chances of survival. Only a veterinarian can treat a severe allergic reaction and home care is not recommended. That said, there are some things you can take to stabilize the dog on your way to the vet. • Insect stings are one of the most common causes of severe allergic reactions. The first thing you need to do is inspect the dog carefully and locate the stinger, advises veterinarian Dr. Patrick Mahaney. The stinger needs to be pulled out

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immediately; otherwise, venom will continue being injected into the dog. The site then needs to be cleaned to ensure that any venom remaining on the dog’s skin or hair is washed away. Dr. Mahaney recommends using a squirt bottle of sterile water. You can also use a cold compress, such as an ice cube covered with a cloth, to help restrict blood flow from the affected area to the body. Leave it on for five minutes then take it off for five minutes (you don’t want to cause frostbite). Another excellent idea is to use a mixture of baking soda and water on the sting. • Homeopathy can be very helpful in the event of a severe allergic reaction. The word itself comes from the Greek words "homoios" and "pathos", meaning “similar” and “suffering” respectively. “A disease that causes certain symptoms can be cured by a substance that causes similar symptoms when given to a healthy individual,” says veterinarian Dr. Doug Kneuven. This means you must pay close attention to the individual signs the dog is exhibiting. Some of the homeopathic remedies Dr. Kneuven suggests are shown in the sidebar opposite.

BE PREPARED The potential for a serious, life-threatening allergic reaction in your dog deserves serious consideration. You might think it will never happen, but it’s best to be prepared, just in case. It could save his life. “The time to prepare for an emergency is not while in the midst of one,” says Dr. Knueven. “Every pet caregiver should have an emergency kit nearby at all times. You also need to have the phone number for, and directions to, the nearest 24-hour pet care facility.”

• If your dog loses consciousness due to a severe reaction, try this form of acupuncture. At the very front of the dog’s snout, where the nose meets the lip, and right in the center, is the GV 26 acupuncture point. This point is for severe issues such as respiratory and cardiac distress. If your dog loses consciousness, you use your fingernail to stimulate this point. Place it in the location described above, push it in, and quickly vibrate your fingernail back and forth. According to Dr. Kneuven, this can potentially save your dog’s life. Again, if your dog ever shows sign of a severe allergic reaction, your first priority is to get him to a veterinary hospital right away. The tips provided here are not meant as home treatments, but are for stabilizing your dog while you’re on the way to the vet for professional emergency care. By implementing them into your dog’s existing health plan, you’ll help ensure he survives if he ever suffers a severe allergic reaction to anything.

HOMEOPATHIC HELP

• Apis melliﬁca, which is made from the venom of the honeybee. Its purpose is to treat swelling and respiratory difﬁculty.

• Rhus toxicodendron, derived from poison ivy, works for hives and other itching that causes restlessness due to discomfort.

• Urtica urens, from the stinging nettle plant, also works for hives that include red, irritated patches of skin and frequent, increased urination. Dr. Kneuven recommends giving a 30C potency of the remedy that matches the symptoms the dog is experiencing. Dose every two to ﬁve minutes until the symptoms resolve, limiting the doses to no more than two or three. Dr. Kneuven adds that as soon as improvement of any sort is visible, stop administering the medicine and continue to observe the dog. If the remedy of choice does not ﬁx the symptoms, then give the dog another remedy that may more closely match his symptoms.

IS HE WOBBLY? A dog suffering a severe allergic reaction may be unsteady on his feet. Dr. Mahaney recommends not letting him near any stairs or other elevated surfaces he could potentially fall from. You don’t want him injuring himself on top of everything else. On the way to the vet, it is best to confine him to a crate or carrier.

April/May 2016

A visit to

Photo courtesy of Julie Freyermuth

r t h e o b o r d o N

Meet Norbert, a tiny but big-hearted therapy dog, social media sensation and children’s book “author” who loves doing high-ﬁves. By Ann Brightman

orbert is only seven inches tall and weighs just three pounds. But don’t let that fool you. He’s way bigger on the inside than the outside! This unique little mixed breed pooch is part of a registered therapy dog team, along with “mom” Julie Freyermuth, and that’s just the start of everything he has accomplished in his six years. Norbert also stars in a series of children’s picture books, has his own apparel line and website (the home page welcomes you to “Norberthood”), and enjoys a huge social media following, with over 300,000 fans on his Facebook page alone. “He also gives pretty amazing high-fives!” adds Julie.

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Although it’s hard to say what Norbert’s parentage is, Julie believes he’s a Chihuahua/Lhasa Apso/Cairn terrier mix. “‘Norbs’ is my first dog,” she says. “I adopted him as a puppy in 2009 through PetFinder, from a woman in California. When I called her about the puppy, I got a synchronistic feeling that he would be my dog. The moment I saw Norbert, when I picked him up at the airport, I knew he was special. And so began our ‘happily ever after’!” Norbert was still a puppy when a woman who met him told Julie he’d make a good therapy dog. “At the time, it was something I had never even heard of,” Julie

confesses. “I immediately looked into it, and when Norbert turned one year old, he passed the test to become a Canine Good Citizen. Soon after, he became a registered therapy dog with Pet Partners, as well as a R.E.A.D. dog with Intermountain Therapy Animals. We began volunteering at a nursing home, and also went to a children’s hospital in Boston for a year and a half.” Since then, Norbert and Julie have visited many more nursing homes and hospitals as well as schools and special events, where the diminutive dog invariably makes a huge impression on the people he meets. At about the same time Norbert launched his therapy dog career, Julie started sharing photos of him on social media, along with positive messages about him. He’s now on Instagram and Twitter as well as Facebook, and also has his own YouTube channel. And the media are as enchanted with him as the public. Last August, Norbert and Julie made an appearance on Hallmark Channel’s Home & Family Television Show, and he has also been written up in the San Francisco Globe, which commented: "Norbert is one of the internet's most popular therapy dogs.” Even Time.com has fallen under Norbert’s charms, saying, "His cuteness is transcendent.” Another of the driving forces behind Norbert’s popularity is his children’s book series. “One of my lifelong dreams was to publish a picture book and have it illustrated by my mother, Dr. Virginia K. Freyermuth, an award-winning fine artist and art educator. We formed an independent publishing company called Polly Parker Press, and our first book, Norbert: What Can Little Me Do?, tells the story of how he became a therapy dog. The book’s message is that you don’t need to be big to make a big difference in the world, and that we all have special gifts that can make others smile. The book won nine awards and the second in the series, Norbert: What Can Little YOU Do?, was published in March 2015. We have donated hundreds of our books to hospitals and charitable organizations, and we sell them online at PollyParkerPress.com.” Continued on page 40.

Photos courtesy of Julie Freyermuth

“Norbert gets messages, fan mail, artwork and photos from people all over the world.”

Clockwise from top left: Norbert pays a visit to Sawyer, a young cancer patient; cuddling with a favorite teddy bear (that's almost as big as he is!); one of Norbert's famous high-ﬁves.

April/May 2016

Photo courtesy of Mark Steines

Photo courtesy of Julie Freyermuth

“Whenever possible, I work to select products and food for Norbert that are natural and organic.”

Julie's life changed dramatically after she adopted Norbert.

Continued from page 39. The third book in the series, published just last November, features Norbert with a fellow social media star, a cat named Lil BUB (read her story in AW Vol 16, Iss 5). Not surprisingly, it’s called Norbert & Lil BUB: What Can Little WE Do?, and was co-written with Lil Bub’s “dude”, Mike Bridavsky. “To celebrate the completion of a successful Kickstarter project for their book collaboration, Norbert and Lil BUB donated $15,000 to Lil BUB’s Big Fund to help homeless animals with special needs, and they will also donate over 1,800 copies of their book to children in need,” Julie says. “It is remarkable how things have organically unfolded. One thing has just led to another, with Norbert remaining his ever-humble, tiny, cute little self all the while.” Norbert enjoys a natural lifestyle, thanks to Julie’s dedication to his health and happiness. “Whenever possible, I work to select products and food for Norbert that are natural and organic,” says Julie. “We recently moved to Los Angeles where we are working with veterinarian Dr. Patrick Mahaney, who uses a holistic approach.” Norbert eats a premium diet along with fresh, organic vegetables, and a variety of supplements. “He takes fish oil, a pre/probiotic powder, a chewable blue green algae-based natural anti-inflammatory for joint support, and an immune system supplement to help manage eye inflammation and tear stain discharge. I give Norbert a bath once a week and he is professionally groomed every month.” Julie affirms that Norbert has changed her life in every way, all for the better, and goes on to share a few favorite stories about him. “One of my most meaningful experiences with Norbert was when we flew

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to Sacramento last December to visit Sawyer, an eight-year-old boy with a rare type of uncurable cancer. Sawyer’s family had reached out to me on social media and asked if Norbert would post a special photo to their son. Norbert and I created a video for Sawyer and flew up to meet him in person. We spent two amazing hours with this brave young man, who made us smile, laugh and left us feeling inspired and full of gratitude.” Julie adds that Norbert in his turn loves to make people smile and laugh, and that it’s one of the things that makes him so popular. “I get incredible joy from reading the positive and inspired comments made by those who follow Norbert on social media and watch his videos,” Julie says. “Norbert gets messages, fan mail, artwork and photos from people all over the world. It is very humbling and rewarding, and it propels us to continue on with our volunteering, therapy and publishing work, and Norbert’s positive presence on social media. Yes, Norbert and I hope to make others smile, but we’d like people to know that they make us smile too.” In his spare time, this busy little dynamo likes hanging out at home. “He enjoys spending family time on the couch, eating, napping, playing, sniffing around outdoors – and of course, giving his famous highfives!”

Find Norbert online Norberthood.com facebook.com/NorbertDog instagram.com/NorbertTheDog youtube.com/NorbertDog twitter.com/NorbertDog

April/May 2016

5 EASY WAYS to enrich your dog’s environment By Kenny Coogan, CPBT-KA

Environmental enrichment goes beyond basic dog care. It includes things like mental stimulation, engaging his senses, and introducing toys or activities that satisfy your dog’s instinctual needs.

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As loving dog caregivers, we provide shelter, food, water, toys, exercise and vet care for our animals. But did you know that environmental enrichment should also be integrated into our dogs’ lives on a daily basis? Environmental enrichment means just what it says. It goes beyond basic dog care to encompass mental stimulation, sense engagement, and toys or activities that satisfy instinctual needs. It helps provide dogs with optimally healthy and happy lives, improves the human/animal bond, and reduces the risk of unwanted behaviors.

INTRODUCE NEW LOCALES AND SITUATIONS

Slowly introducing a dog to novel locations and situations early in his development will help create a “bombproof” pet. Well-acclimated dogs are less stressed and greet change with glee. They

don’t react with fear or anxiety whenever new and unprecedented situations occur. For example, depending on how a dog was brought up, taking him on a walk in a new place or doing home renovations can either be enriching or stressful to him. If a dog is raised to greet change without getting stressed or agitated, you can make his walks a lot more flexible and interesting. Take new routes, visit new locations, walk with other dogs or people, or allow him to take you for a walk by letting him sniff out his favorite smells. If you have an adult dog that reacts to new situations with stress, there are other, less “threatening” ways you can change up his routine, get him used to novelty, and thereby enrich his life and environment. One simple way is to rotate the toys he regularly plays with. Being exposed to the same toys all the time often generates boredom. The toys lose their appeal and

the dog doesn’t bother with as them much. Putting his toys on a rotating schedule helps maintain their novelty. Placing toys inside other toys, or in boxes, can also increase the dog’s interest and stimulation.

SATISFY HIS HUNTING INSTINCT

Hunting and foraging for food is a natural part of wild canine behavior. Hiding food, toys, or healthy lowcal treats throughout the house will stimulate this natural instinct. Some dogs may need to be taught through positive reinforcement how to search for their food or toys, but most learn quickly. You can also satisfy a dog’s foraging and hunting instincts by hiding treats in cardboard boxes, or placing his food in several bowls around the house. Since animals in the wild devote so much time to finding their food, I always place my pets’ food inside interactive puzzle toys. Placing a few treats in an empty muffin tin with a ball over each hole will encourage your dog to sniff out and uncover the treats. To encourage more search-andsnack behavior, scatter premium kibble or treats around the yard. If you have multiple dogs, separate yards or access is important for those animals that are slower at foraging.

IMPROVE HIS MIND WITH TRAINING AND GAMES

One of the most rewarding forms of enrichment is training. There are many game-like training activities to choose from, including “100 things to do with a box”, originally written about by animal trainer Karen Pryor. The main idea to this game is that the dog must interact with the box in a different and novel way each time. It requires careful observation on your part, and a handful of healthy treats. At first, the dog may paw at the box. The next time he will likely paw it again – but don’t give him a treat until he tries something different. He may then push the box, bite at it, sniff it or jump on it. As soon as he offers something new, say “good” and reward him with a treat. Another good way to stimulate your dog’s brain is with agility. Growing up, I used broomsticks, mop handles, children’s tunnels and plastic crates to create an agility course for my family’s border collie. To encourage your dog to jump over the obstacles, reward him with toys, treats, praise, or affectionate rubdowns once he has made it through the course.

TEACH HIM TO “GROOM” HIMSELF

Our dogs’ wild counterparts spend a considerable amount of time grooming themselves and each other. Giving a dog access to a kiddie pool, sprinkler or dog beach encourages him to “bathe” himself while enjoying the excitement that water play provides. Another thing you can try teaching your dog is to wipe his dirty feet on different surfaces before coming inside. As always, use positive, reward-based training methods. Use a piece of indooroutdoor carpet, Astroturf, or a sisal doormat. It’s a fun training game, helps

keep your house clean, and provides your dog with tactical enrichment.

ENGAGE HIS SENSES Think of ways you can stimulate all your dog’s senses. Here are a few ideas.

• Let him experience some healing scents by placing a few drops of pure essential oil (diluted in a carrier oil such as almond oil or olive oil) inside a capped PVC pipe with a few small holes drilled in it, or a durable plastic container like a two-liter jug. Use essential oils such as lavender, chamomile or rose. Let him sniff and explore the container; the oils will stimulate his rich sense of smell and give him some relaxation at the same time. Don’t let him chew the plastic, however; once he has finished sniffing the container, put it away for another day. • Auditory stimulation can include dogspecific CDs or recall games. For new or shy dogs, softly playing audiobooks or gentle music may help acclimate them to their new surroundings. • A game of hide and seek in a new, safe area encourages the dog to use multiple senses as he explores the spot while looking for you. Having him “ping pong” between two family members while playing hide and seek is also fun and enriching for him. Once he finds you, be sure to reward him. Circling through these five themes of environmental enrichment can help keep your dog physically and mentally stimulated as well as happy, content and well-behaved. April/May 2016

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“Our team of nutritionists and holistic experts pair ingredients to ensure animals receive the maximum nutritional benefits of each ingredient, plus the advantages of their combination,” says Heather. “For example, lamb and pumpkin are both beneficial for better digestion. Pumpkin has great soluble fiber content, whereas lamb is an easy-to-digest protein.” Every dog and cat is different in terms of age, size, and dietary requirements, so a food that’s ideal for one dog or cat might not be ideal for another. To make the recipe selection easier for the pet parent, Nutram has developed the Nutram Number®. To determine your pet’s Nutram Number®, there is a short online quiz about your animal’s life stage, their size (for dogs), and grain preference. It then lets you click on the special needs your pet might have, such as sensitivities or weight concerns, and ends by giving you one or more suggestions for the Nutram recipe suggested for your pet. For example, a wholesome grain recipe for a large-sized puppy points you to Nutram Number® S3, the Nutram Sound Balanced Wellness Large Breed Puppy Food. What about an adult cat with a grain-free preference and no special pet wellness needs? The pet parent has a flavor choice between T22 Nutram Total Grain-Free Turkey, Chicken & Duck Cat Food or T24 Nutram Total Grain-Free Salmon & Trout Cat Food.

April/May 2016

Essential oils

By Nayana Morag

repel fleas, ticks and mosquitoes from your dog

Check out the best essential oils for protecting your dog against insect pests. Fleas are a fact of life for many dogs during the warm weather months. Disease-carrying ticks and mosquitoes have also become a significant problem in many regions over the last number of years. But before resorting to potent chemicals to protect your dog against these blood-sucking pests, know that essential oils and hydrosols are an effective ally in the fight against fleas, ticks and mosquitoes. Not only do they actively repel bugs, but unlike chemical treatments, they help improve your dog's overall well-being at the same time. Healthy dogs, fed fresh whole food diets, are more able to resist bugs. By contrast, a poor diet, high stress levels, chemical flea treatments and vaccines lower immunity and make infestation, irritation and illness more likely. However, even the healthiest dog can succumb to bugs in some climates and seasons. That's when it makes sense to reach for aromatic extracts such as essential oils and hydrosols to help protect your pup.

aromatherapists. Essential oils sold by supermarket chains or similar are generally of very poor quality and more than likely adulterated, increasing the chances of an allergic reaction.

 Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) This well-known and much beloved essential oil repels fleas and other crawling bugs. It also soothes the irritation of flea bites. Because of its sedative properties, it’s good for dogs who are overly excitable or nervous.

 Cedarwood (Cedrus Atlantica) Cedarwood is a true insecticide, and its use is recorded throughout history. It is one of my mainstays for keeping fleas and mosquitoes at bay. It is also calming and grounding.



6 EFFECTIVE PEST-REPELLING OILS

Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) Geranium is one of my favorite oils to use in a tick repellent blend, and it also repels lice and fleas. It is cooling and relaxing.

Many essential oils can repel insects, and some are actually insecticidal. Following are a few of the most commonly available, inexpensive and effective oils. Make sure you use high quality essential oils from a company that sells to

Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) One of the best bug repellents we have, just a tiny amount of lemongrass oil is very effective. It is also good for arthritis and digestive problems.



Let your dog choose the oil

How do you decide which oil to use? Very simple – let your dog choose! Keeping the lids on you essential oil bottles, let him smell each one. He will let you know which one(s) he likes by snifﬁng or licking when presented with the bottle. If he doesn't like the oil, he will walk away or ignore it completely. If he shows interest in a particular bottle, that is the one you should use. Once your dog has selected his oil(s), you are ready to make them into a repellent.

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 Eucalyptus (lemon or narrow leaf, Eucalyptus citriodora or radiata) This oil is particularly effective against flying bugs, including mosquitoes.

 Lavender tea tree (also known as swamp paperbark or rosalina, Melaleuca ericifolia) This is a gentler version of the well-known tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia). Regular tea tree can cause temporary paralysis in some dogs, so I prefer the milder version, which repels fleas and ticks, and helps heal minor skin injuries.

MAKE YOUR OWN NATURAL REPELLENT Bug repellents made specifically for your dog, with his help (see sidebar lower left), are more effective than any commercial repellent. What's more, they have no unpleasant side effects and boost the immune system instead of suppressing it. And they’re fun to make! The most basic way to make a lotion is to mix a few drops of essential oil into unscented aloe vera gel then thin the aloe vera gel to lotion consistency with filtered water (see recipe at right).

Sample recipe for pestrepelling lotion ¼ cup aloe vera gel ¼ tsp neem oil 3 drops cedarwood essential oil 3 drops lavender essential oil 3 drops lemongrass essential oil

The ﬁnal gel should be the consistency of hair conditioner, so slowly stir in up to ¼ cup ﬁltered water or geranium hydrosol. This recipe makes half a cup of lotion. Rub a small amount through your dog’s coat every few days. Concentrate on the places pest congregate, such as in his ruff, between the legs and around the ears. Reapply after swimming, or if you know you are going to a buginfested area.

To increase the power of the potion, you can also add cold-pressed neem seed oil (Azidirachta Indica), one of nature's strongest insecticides. A hydrosol is the water left behind after the steam distillation of plant matter to extract essential oils. Hydrosols contain the gentle, water-soluble Essential oils evaporate quickly, so they don't components of the plant, plus trace amounts of essential oils. They are safer last very long on their own. But neem lingers, to use than essential oils, and are soothing for the skin so I like to include staying active for a few days. Many people find them in my potions. I also use hydrosols to replace essential oils for old, young or sensitive animals. You can usually buy hydrosols from anyone who the smell of neem unpleasant, even offensive. is selling essential oils to professional aromatherapists. But it really works and has been shown to be effective at 1% dilution, so you only need a little. I use sweet-smelling essential oils to help mask the neem smell. Geranium, lemongrass and lavender tea tree are some of my favorites. You could also use patchouli (Pogostomen cablin) or ylang ylang (Cananga odorata). But, again, each dog has his own preference, so let him decide using the method described.

Hydrosols explained

WHAT IF HE DOESN’T LIKE ESSENTIAL OILS? Some dogs just don't like essential oils. If your dog runs away when you pull out the oil bottles, here are some ways you can still protect him without rubbing the oils into his coat. • Add a few drops of lemongrass hydrosol to his water bowl. This inhibits fleas and mosquitoes. • Add a few squirts of the lotion recipe to a bucket ¼ full of water, to make a coat conditioning/flea repelling wash. Wet your dog down first, then sponge the conditioner on his coat, leaving it to air dry. • Use a hydrosol spray for daily applications, or around the face to protect from mosquitoes. Dilute a hydrosol such as eucalyptus or lavender (or both) 50/50 with distilled water. • If you are going to a bug-infested area, spray a kerchief with diluted bug repellent lotion and tie it around his neck. Remove the kerchief when you return home. [Editor’s note: A kerchief can get snagged on branches, fences, etc., so don’t use this method if your dog is going to run off-leash.] When it comes to essential oils, always keep in mind that more isn’t better. Be sure to use the minimum amount and apply only when needed. If used undiluted or too often, essential oils can overwhelm a dog's system and lead to allergic reactions. But if you allow your dog to help guide you to how, when and which oils to use, you’ll keep his immune system in tip-top shape, ready to repel fleas, ticks and mosquitoes, and avoid the diseases they often carry.

April/May 2016

product picks Eco-friendly litterbox

solution

As a cat owner, Rick Weldon liked the ScoopFree litter box concept, but felt the cardboard trays were not only expensive but also wasteful and not environmentally friendly. He solved the problem by developing the Forever Litter Tray along with Just the Crystals litter. The trays are a greener and more cost-effective replacement for ScoopFree and ScoopMaid disposable cardboard cartridges. Litter tray – $59.95 Litter (8.8lbs) – $19.99

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Support his urinary health

A healthy urinary system is important to your dog or cat’s wellness and comfort. UroMAXX from Animal Nutritional Products is a natural formula to help prevent urinary tract, bladder and kidney issues in your companion. Its cranberry juice extract prevents microorganisms from adhering to the cells lining the urinary tract, while the glucosamine nourishes and strengthens the protective glycosaminoglycan layer in the urinary tract. 6oz bottle – $34.88

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Treat him to coconut

An ointment for

mange

Mange is a nasty disease caused by parasitic mites. It causes the dog a great deal of discomfort and can be difﬁcult to deal with. Depending on the type of mange, symptoms include hair loss, scabbing, sores and intense itching. Goodwinol Ointment, a nationally-recognized ointment that’s been around for over 70 years, helps alleviate the symptoms caused by canine mange. 1oz – $7 to $10

goodwinol.com

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Coconut has loads of nutritional goodness. Made from all organic ingredients, Maggie’s Macaroons raw coconut treats are nutrient dense and minimally processed. Dehydrated at low temperatures, they maintain the natural health beneﬁts of the coconut, including the healthboosting properties of its medium chain triglycerides. Grain-free, vegan, US-made and non-GMO, the treats are available in three ﬂavors. 3 4oz packages – $36

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Learn canine

massage

Massage is a wonderful healing way to bond with your dog. The Rocky Mountain School of Animal Acupressure and Massage offers a non-certification course for those who don’t wish to become certified but want to be able to treat their dogs to a massage. Canine Massage for the Enthusiast is offered via correspondence in order to provide complete flexibility for the student, and it’s also cost effective. To learn more or to enroll, visit the RMSAAM website. $249

rmsaam.com

Green tea cat litter

Green tea contains a natural astringent called catechin that naturally suppresses bacterial growth and ﬁghts odors without the use of strong fragrances. That’s why Next Gen Pet Products created Green Tea Leaves cat litter, a woodbased clumping litter with the anti-odor and anti-bacterial beneﬁts of green tea. It’s 90% lighter than clay, and is an eco-friendly choice sourced from recycled, natural materials. 7L bag – $10.75 10L bag – $13.50

nextgenpet.com

Proven immune support

Loose stools?

No one likes it when their dog or cat gets diarrhea. NOW Pets G.I. Support helps reduce occasional loose stools and gastrointestinal distress due to dietary changes or stress. Formulated by veterinarian Dr. Barbara Royal, it’s a proprietary blend of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Biﬁdobacterium animalis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus salivarius and other good bacteria.

Optimal wellness depends on a strong immune system. Help maintain your four-legged friend’s immune health with ESSIAC® and TRU-PINE®. These legendary Canadian formulas are trusted worldwide by millions of families and holistic veterinarians. With these products, animal parents can feel assured that their furry companions have the best immune system support available. 60 capsules – $42

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$24.99

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April/May 2016

Anal gland case study

problems in dogs

By Kate Hussey

“BUTT SCOOTING” AND BAD SMELLS ARE SIGNS OF AN

impaction natural approach

ANAL GLAND

DOG GUARDIAN’S

had never wanted to find out firsthand what anal gland issues actually were, but when Wally turned two, I was introduced to them whether I liked it or not. For the next two years, we went back and forth to the vet for treatments for repeated infections. Vet bills accumulated for oral antibiotics; a procedure in which Wally’s anal glands were flushed with a sterile solution and medicated with topical antibiotics; assistance with expressing his anal glands every two weeks; and a lot of dietary advice. The treatments only worked temporarily, and Wally was starting to act depressed. He loves to sleep burrowed under the blankets, but until we could get the spontaneous anal gland leakage under control, it wasn’t feasible for poor, smelly Wally to get in the bed with me. I did a lot of my own research, and surgical removal of the anal glands kept coming up as an option. However, the surgery can be risky due to the high levels of bacteria in the anal area. I didn’t want to try something that extreme when I suspected there was an underlying issue that could be resolved less drastically. After speaking with my veterinarian again about Wally’s dietary habits, I chose to take a more natural approach.

WEIGHT LOSS

The first thing my vet advised was to get Wally’s weight down by five pounds. Not only are overweight dogs more likely to experience anal gland troubles, but the extra weight can lead to back problems in the dachshund breed, since they have such long and vulnerable spines.

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OR INFECTION. HERE IS ONE TO SOLVING THE ISSUE.

I cut back on Wally’s slightly generous meals and walked him more frequently for exercise. He was soon at a healthy weight again, but there was no immediate change in his anal gland problem.

PROBIOTICS AND DIGESTIVE ENZYMES

Wally’s stools weren’t firm enough to express his anal glands, so it was recommended that I give him a canine probiotic supplement every day for a couple of weeks to fortify his natural gut flora and help bulk up his stool. After finishing the initial probiotic supply, I decided to start him on a digestive enzyme supplement containing protease, amylase, lipase and cellulase for additional support, which I still continue to administer.

DIET CHANGES

A food allergy or sensitivity wasn’t something I considered until a veterinary technician mentioned that Properly functioning anal glands are designed to mark a dog’s territory in the wild by naturally releasing ﬂuid with the pressure of a ﬁrm bowel movement. But in some dogs, more commonly small breeds, the anal glands become impacted and do not empty. The result is often “butt scooting”, a dreadful stench, obvious discomfort and infection.

bread the neighbor left out for the squirrels, and inhaling scattered bird seed on the patio. These days he is under a strict watch and doesn’t get into any extraneous foods that could throw off his regular bowel movements or result in diarrhea.

With a natural approach including diet changes, more fiber and water, Wally's anal gland problems resolved.

MORE FIBER

Wally’s loose stool could be a sign that he’s sensitive to the chicken protein in his food. As a trial, I slowly transitioned him to a different food, with high quality proteins from salmon and herring. Wally seems to enjoy his dinners more and even stopped visiting the cat’s food dish for seconds, a bad habit that was perhaps partly to blame for his loose bowel movements. Not only does Wally have a weak spot for cat food, he is also notorious for running around like a vacuum, sucking up fallen human food, grabbing pieces of

natural supplement

If your dog is having anal gland problems, consider a natural supplement such as Glandex. This US-made product was formulated by veterinarians to specifically address these problems. It contains all-natural ingredients that work from the inside out to support healthy anal glands. Glandex (glandex.com) provides a precise amount of fiber to help bulk and firm the dog’s stool so the anal glands are naturally emptied whenever he defecates. It also contains natural anti-inflammatories that target the underlying inflammation and allergies that typically lead to anal gland problems. The active ingredients include pumpkin seed, apple pectin, quercetin, bromelain and probiotics. The product comes as a palatable chew treat or in a powder that you add to your dog’s food.

Increasing Wally’s fiber intake drastically improved his fecal quality. I replaced the fattening soft treats I was giving him with dehydrated sweet potato. Sometimes I will add pumpkin to his dinner, or give him raw vegetable stumps to chew on. Other high fiber options include oatmeal, fruit and quinoa.

INCREASED WATER INTAKE

We know how important hydration is for our own well-being, but how much water our dogs drink in a day is something that can easily escape our attention. As I kept a closer eye on Wally’s habits, I noticed he rarely visited the water dish and I thought maybe dehydration was contributing to his problem. Stubbornness is a classic trait in dachshunds, and trying to encourage Wally to do anything is next to impossible. “Drinky, drinky,” I’d say like a fool, twirling my finger around in the water dish for ten unresponsive minutes. I now trick him into drinking more by adding water to his food in the mornings and evenings. He isn’t opposed to drinking the water first if it means he gets to guzzle down his dinner after. The result of implementing all these changes? Wally still needs his anal glands expressed occasionally, but has been “stink free” for almost a year now. It’s wonderful to have found a natural solution that works for him, although I have learned I have to be consistent with it. Wally looks more handsome, has his energy back, and best of all, is allowed back up on the bed! April/May 2016

This column features comprehensive articles from our Animal Wellness library. AnimalWellnessMagazine.com

(or the other way round!)

D gs Cats

Opposites attract if you go about it the right way. By Suzanne Hetts, PhD Nine years had passed since Karyn’s old dog died, and she really wanted another. But she and her husband already had two cats who “didn’t like dogs” and were rather set in their ways. “We were afraid that bringing a dog into the house would just upset them too much,” says Karyn. Dogs and cats may not seem the most compatible of species, although you probably know of at least one animal-loving household with both. Cases involving relationship problems between family animals are often presented to behavior consultants, and it’s likely that far more exist. In my experience, too many people put up with their cats hiding in the basement or some other area of the house because they’re scared of the new dog. This is not a good quality of life for any animal. Chronic stress caused by harassment from another animal can even lead to illness.

Animal Wellness

Many of these problems could be prevented with just two steps:  A thoughtful assessment of the animals’ personalities  Careful initial introductions

ASSESS YOUR ANIMALS Has your resident cat or dog ever been around the other species? How did he react? A good relationship with a previous dog or cat is a good sign, but this doesn’t guarantee the same results with a new one. Your new animal will behave differently than the previous one did. How about the dog or cat you are thinking of acquiring? Is he known to be friendly to the other species? You should err on the side of caution and assume your dog may want to injure your cat, even if you’ve been told or know the dog was friendly with

other cats in the past. This is even more important if the dog’s history with cats is not known. Regardless of which species you are adding to your household, each will be unfamiliar with the other and neither may respond the same way they did to previous animals they were well acquainted with.

Micro-managing these introductions and moving at a snail’s pace are key.

ANTICIPATE PROBLEMS Most cats will be afraid of dogs. There are rare exceptions. I remember a very poorly socialized and neglected Chow who refused to re-enter his new home after the resident cat hissed and swatted at him. A dog’s reactions usually fall into several categories. Some immediately view cats as prey and will chase them with intent to hurt them. Many will be intensely curious about the cat. That curiosity can turn into playful, friendly behavior, or aggression, depending in part on the cat’s response. The dog may start out just wanting to play, but the cat feels threatened and behaves aggressively. This may in turn provoke an aggressive response from the dog. A few dogs will immediately love the cat and be calm and relaxed in her presence. And, like the Chow, a few will be afraid of the cat.

Hint

When dogs and cats don’t get along, it usually has nothing to do with territory. More likely, one is afraid of the other, resulting in defensive aggression, or the dog sees the cat as prey.

In some cases, it can be difficult to determine at first what the dog’s intentions are. If you aren’t sure, you should seek assistance from a certified applied animal behaviorist or another consultant knowledgeable in both dog and cat behavior.

AN INTRODUCTION PROTOCOL Your goal during the introduction is to help your animals become familiar with each other in small doses. Familiarity is what breeds friendship. Continued on page 54.

April/May 2016

Continued from page 53. The initial introduction should be a positive experience for all the animals. At all times, your over-riding concern must be for their safety, especially the cats’. When your animals can’t be supervised, they should be housed separately. • Allow them to hear and smell each other, but not see each other. Confine the resident animal to one part of your house when you first bring your new dog or cat home. Allow the newcomer to explore his new digs while your resident animal is safely confined. •D uring this time, take an old towel, rub it on your new dog or cat, and put it in the room where you’ve confined your resident animal. This is the first step in getting them accustomed to one another.

example, and allow the cat to approach him at their own pace. Interrupt over-exuberant or aggressive behavior with a squirt of water. You must prevent your dog from developing the habit of chasing, harassing or threatening your cat. In turn, the cat must learn to trust that the dog isn’t going to harm her. Cats and dogs vary as to how quickly they move through this introduction phase. Some may accept one another within just a few days, while others may take weeks or months to tolerate one another. Micro-managing these introductions and moving at a snail’s pace are key. Moving too quickly and allowing any of your animals to become fearful or aggressive can put them back weeks.

• After an hour or two, reverse the arrangements, including the scented towel. Repeat this process throughout the first day, and during the entire time your animals are housed separately during the acclimation period. • Feed the animals on either side of a closed door (one they can’t see through) so they will learn to associate pleasant experiences with one another. Your goal is to have the animals calmly eat with the bowls very close to the door. This may require several days or longer to achieve. • Continue keeping them separated until their interest in each other’s scent and presence at the door wanes. Next, arrange an episode where they can see but not touch one another. This might be through a glass or screen door, or on either side of a baby gate, or with your animals on leashes or in crates. • Encourage the animals to lie or sit quietly, using treats, toys and/or petting. If anyone seems uncomfortable or overly excited, either increase the distance between them, or calmly end the session and try again later.

Hint

Continue to gradually increase the time your dog and cat can see one another, and decrease the distance between them, though not necessarily during the same session.

• Once they are all relaxed, allow a bit more interaction. Attach your dog’s leash to a couch or chair, for

Animal Wellness

Karyn and her husband decided to take the plunge and give these tips a try when they fell in love with a homeless cocker spaniel. “Things were awkward at first, but we took things slowly and since they’ve all got used to each other, it’s been fine,” Karyn says. “All three of them were even sleeping in the same patch of sun yesterday morning!”

April/May 2016

EASE YOUR PET’S EMOTIONS WITH D gs Cats Emotional Freedom Technique is a healing modality that can quiet the nervous system in people and pets. Created by Gary Craig in the 1990s, it involves tapping on a sequence of certain acupressure points, mostly around the head and face, with the intention of releasing trapped emotions. EFT, also known as Tapping, releases old thought patterns that create fears, phobias and anxiety in people, dogs and cats. It heals emotional wounds, can alleviate physical pain, and helps animals in training and/ or working environments to slow down and focus.

Emotional Freedom Technique, or Tapping, can help with anxiety, phobias and related problems in dogs and cats. By Joan Ranquet

Thousands of years ago, Chinese medicine discovered the meridian system that runs through the human and animal body. The meridians are an energetic map of the body’s physical system. Each acupressure point on the body lies within a meridian system, each meridian system is associated with an organ, and each organ is associated with an emotion. This is why tapping on a particular acupressure point can have a positive influence on emotions.

OUR RELATIONSHIP WITH OUR PETS AFFECTS THEIR EMOTIONS In a moment, I will explain how EFT is done and how you can do it at home. But first, I want to remind you about a very important factor in our relationships with dogs and cats. In the wild, a pack of dogs or a pride of cats has a natural leader they all look up to. They track the leader’s every move, as well as his thoughts and feelings, since their safety depends on him. In human households, dogs and cats look up to us as leaders for their perceived safety. They are hardwired that way. When this perceived safety is threatened, for example by the appearance of strangers they might feel are a threat, dogs and cats take matters into their own paws as part of the fight or flight mechanism. They might hide, bark, scratch, or engage in other fearful or aggressive behaviors. Because so many households are busy and stressed, with people juggling jobs, kids, financial issues and more, things can be a little chaotic and confusing for a dog or cat who is looking to his owner for leadership. In the case of Finn (see sidebar), barking at the neighbors became his self-imposed job as a way to alleviate his household’s stress. This is when EFT can help.

CASE REPORT – FINN As a small dog with a big personality, Finn insisted in barking at the neighbors every time they were in their backyard. Not surprisingly, this wasn’t a big hit with the neighbors. His new owners, Janet and Dave, tried to keep Finn inside as much as possible, but he took his self-imposed job quite seriously and could jet out the door and run barking up the hill before they knew it. And because Janet has some physical limitations, she couldn’t get up the hill to catch him. Dave hit the wall with the situation after a threat from Animal Control. He was ready to find another home for Finn. Janet was devastated and called me for an animal communication session. I discovered that Finn was wired to be on high alert and that he was still embedding himself in his family, a mildly chaotic household that included three other dogs and two boisterous boys as well as two high-powered working adults. Given the situation, I knew that EFT would help both Finn and his family. We tapped on Finn

Animal Wellness

to help him feel safe, and tapped on Janet’s sadness surrounding Dave’s desire to get rid of the dog and her anxiety about Finn’s naughty behavior. I am happy to say that Finn is still living with Dave and Janet. He calmed down regarding his place in the household and Janet has become more aware of her own feelings about his behavior. The household is just as busy and bouncy as it ever was, but Finn is very happy. And he’s now Dave’s favorite dog!

TAPPING POINTS With a few exceptions, the location of tapping points for EFT is mostly the same for both humans and animals (see diagram). • Inside of the eye • Outside of the eye • Under the eye • On top of the nose for longer-snouted dogs; sometimes this point is

skipped for cats, and for dogs with “smooshed” noses, such as pugs. • Under the chin • On the chest • Top of the head.

Each of these points is tapped using two fingers. As with all healing modalities, intention is key when doing EFT. You don’t have to know exactly what you are doing at first, if all you are trying to do is help an animal release fear, panic, grief, anxiety or depression. You just need to identify the overriding emotion and tap on the points. You can even tap while saying something like “this grief, this grief, so much grief”. Eventually, some of his grief will subside. Even if you just tapped around the eyes of the animal, you will often see a sense of relief come over him. Tapping the top of the head can provide a great sense of relief to the animal’s entire nervous system, and stimulates his immune system. Often, you will see the parasympathetic nervous system kick in and the dog or cat will start to lick, chew, yawn, change his breathing pattern and maybe even pass gas. Because intention is at the core of every healing modality, you don’t even need to actually touch the animal for EFT to work. Let’s say you have an aggressive dog or an overly-stimulated cat. You could either tap into the air around the points on the animal, or surrogate tap on yourself on behalf of the animal. I have used EFT for cats that were peeing outside the box, dogs that were fighting (that eventually were able to live in their home harmoniously), aggressive dogs and dog bites. This is just an overview of EFT and what it can do. If you are called to this technique, it is worth studying both for your own well-being as well as that of your dog or cat.

To learn more

• Joanranquet.com/tag/eft • EmoFree.com/health/animals • healthypets.mercola.com/sites/healthypets/archive/2012/05/16/eft-on-pets.aspx April/May 2016

COMMUNICATORS

INTEGRATIVE VETS Affordable Holistic Animal Therapies West Hollywood, CA USA Phone: 323-304-2984 Ballantrae Animal Hospital Margaret Hacking, DVM Stouffville, ON Canada Phone: (905) 640-6809 Website: www.AnimalWellnessCentre.com Beechmount Animal Hospital Waterloo, ON Canada Phone: (519) 888-6590 Website: www.beechmountanhosp.ca Dr. Lisa Burgess Millgrove Veterinary Services Millgrove, ON Canada Phone: (905) 690-4557 Email: service@burgessvet.com Website: www.millgrovevet.com Sharon R. Doolittle, DVM, Inc. Smithfield, RI USA Phone: (401) 349-2668 Email: vetinfo@holisticanimalvet.com Website: www.holisticanimalvet.com

Janice DeFonda Can We Talk Fayetteville, NY USA Phone: (315) 329-0116 Email: angelwhispurr@gmail.com Website: www.angelwhispurr.com

Dr. Autumn Drouin, DVM, ND and Dr. Sasan Haghighat (Hyatt), DVM, CVA North-East Newmarket Veterinary Service Newmarket, ON Canada Phone: (905) 830-1030 Email: holisticveterinarian@gmail.com Website: www.holistic-vet.ca

Shirley Scott Pet Psychic & Clairvoyant Imnaha, OR USA Phone: (541) 577-3051 Email: sscott@shirley-scott.com Website: www.shirley-scott.com

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Individualized, Integrative Veterinary Care • Acupuncture • Chiropractic •Conventional Medicine •Therapeutic Nutrition •Traditional Chinese Medicine Guelph, Ontario, Canada (519)836-2782 www.GuelphVet.com info@GuelphVet.com Harwood Oaks Animal Clinic Bedford, TX USA Phone: 817-354-7676 Website: www.harwoodoaksanimalclinic.com Hawks Prairie Veterinary Hospital Lacey, WA USA Phone: (360) 459-6556 Email: hawksprairievet@yahoo.com Website: www.hawksprairieveterinaryhospital.com Holistic Animal Care Stephanie Chalmers, DVM, CVH Santa Rosa, CA USA Phone: (707) 538-4643 Home Vet Weston, CT USA Phone: (203) 222-7979 Website: www.homevet.com Horizon Veterinary Services Susan Maier, DVM Simpsonville, KY USA Phone: (502) 722-8231 Email: horizonvetserv@yahoo.com Website: www.horizonvetserv.com

Lydia Hiby Mysticviz Burbank, CA USA Phone: (818)-244-0091 Website: www.lydiahiby.com Lynn McKenzie Animal Energy Sedona, AZ USA Phone: (512) 827-0505 x 8642 Email: lynn@animalenergy.com Website: www.animalenergy.com

Dr. Caroline Goulard, DVM, CCRT, CVA, CVPP Paws on the Go Laguna Woods, CA USA Phone: (949) 707-1696 Email: cgoulard@pawsonthego.net Website: www.pawsonthego.net

Carrie Hutchinson, VMD Rockledge Veterinary Clinic Rockledge, PA USA Phone: (215) 379-1677 Email: info@rockledgevet.com Website: www.rockledgevet.com

Essex Animal Hospital Essex, ON CAN Phone: (519) 776-7325 Email: info@essexanimalhospital.ca Website: www.essexanimalhospital.ca Family Veterinary Center Haydenville, MA USA Phone: (413) 268-8387 Website: www.famvets.com

Integrated Veterinary Clinic Sacramento, CA USA Phone: 916-454-1825 Gail Jewell, DVM Kelowna, BC Canada Phone: (888) 622-8300 Website: www.holisticvet.ca

communicators • integrative vets • natural products Reiki therapy • schools & wellness education • shelters & rescues

Steven Marsden, DVM Edmonton Holistic Veterinary Clinic Edmonton, AB Canada Phone: 780-436-4944 Dr. Shawn Messonnier Paws and Claws Vet Clinic Plano, TX USA Phone: (972) 712-0893 Email: shawnvet@sbcglobal.net Website: www.pettogethers.net/healthypet

REIKI THERAPY Aileen D’Angelo, RMT, Cn. TPM Hoof, Paw & Claw Reiki Northboro, MA USA Phone: (508) 393-3684 Email: hoofpawclaw@verizon.net Website: www.reikiforcritters.com Amy Pikalek Hikari Natural Healing Madison, WI USA Phone: (608) 886-8778 Email: hikarihealing@yahoo.com Website: www.hikarihealing.com

Mark Newkirk, VMD Newkirk Family Veterinarians gg Harbor Township, NJ USA Phone: (609) 645-2120 Email: mnewk@alternativevet.com Website: www.alternativevet.com

SCHOOLS & WELLNESS EDUCATION

Dr. Judy Stolz, DVM, ND Phoenix, AZ USA Phone: (480) 838-9724 Email: drstolz@gmail.com Website: www.drstolz.com

NATURAL PRODUCT

MANUFACTURERS & DISTRIBUTORS Azmira Holistic Animal Care Tuscon, AZ USA Phone: (800) 497-5665 Email: info@azmira.com Website: www.azmira.com

NATURAL PRODUCT RETAILERS DERMagic Skin Care for Animals, Inc. Kingston, WA USA Phone: (425) 637-4643 Email: info@DERMagic.com Website: www.DERMagic.net Dog Gone Dirt All Natural Dog & Horse Skin Care Products Crescent City, FL USA Phone: (386) 559-3454 Email: doggonedirt@yahoo.com Website: www.doggonedirt.com

PetMassage, Ltd. Toledo, OH USA Toll Free: (800) 779-1001 Phone: (419) 475-3539 Email: info@petmassage.com Website: www.petmassage.com Healing Touch for Animals Highlands Ranch, CO USA Phone: (303) 470-6572 Email: drea@healingtouchforanimals.com Website: www.healingtouchforanimals.com Treetops Rocklyn Limited Alliston, ON Canada Toll Free: (866) 919-8733 Phone: (705) 735-6174 Email: info@treetops.on.ca Website: www.treetopsweb.com Well Animal Institute Brighton, CO USA Phone: (303) 514-0076 Email: info@wellanimalinstitute.com Website: www.wellanimalinstitute.com

SHELTERS & RESCUES Alaskan Malamute Mt. Gilead, OH USA Phone: (419) 512-2423 Email: shaman@brightnet.net American Brittany Rescue Sugar Grove, IL USA Phone: (866) BRIT-911 Email: rhonda@americanbrittanyrescue.org Website: www.americanbrittanyrescue.org

Animal Avengers Los Angeles, CA USA Phone: (323) 655-4220 Email: admin@animalavengers.com Website: www.animalavengers.com Animal Rescue of the Rockies Breckenridge, CO USA Phone: (970) 389-8324 Email: arrcolorado@gmail.com Website: www.animalrescueoftherockies.org Boston Terrier Club of America PA USA Phone: (724) 883-4732 Email: btcaresc@greenepa.net California Coastal Horse Rescue Ojai, CA USA Phone: (805) 649-1090 Website: www.calcoastalhorserescue.com Columbia-Willamette Beagle Rescue Portland, OR USA Phone: (503) 243-4619 Golden Retriever Club of Greater LA Rescue Los Angeles, CA USA Phone: (818) 700-5200 Email: hurd@pacbell.net Website: www.grcglarescue.org Grey2K USA Somerville, MA USA Toll Free: (866) 2-GREY2K Phone: (617) 666-3526 Email: christine@grey2kusa.org Website: www.grey2kusa.org Greyhound Rescue & Rehabilitation Cross River, NY USA Phone: (914) 763-2221 Email: greytest1@aol.com New England Brittany Rescue Perkasie, PA USA Phone: (781) 275-0630 Website: www.nebr.petfinder.org Pets & People Homefinders Culver City, CA USA Phone: (310) 398-6683 Email: jc@pets-people.com Website: www.pets-people.com Rocky Mountain Rescue Ranch Walla Walla, WA USA Phone: (509) 526-5020 Email: Shirley@AnimalTalkHealing.com Website: www.animalrescueranch.com

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April/May 2016

Ashwaganda

Astragalus

D gs Cats

WESTERN HERBS for animal allergies By Laurie Dohmen, VMD, MS

Keeping your allergic dog or cat itch-free can be accomplished with herbs ranging from ashwaganda and astragalus to dandelion and Echinacea.

Siberian Ginseng

Allergies in dogs and cats can be triggered by either environmental pathogens or foods. In this article, I will focus on Western herbs for environmental allergens since it is almost impossible to remove these irritants. Environmental allergens include trees, plants, grasses, other animals, molds and mites. Allergies are hard on the immune system; because they are a chronic disease, the immune system never gets a break. The immune system is comprised of two parts: the innate (ancestral) system and the adaptive (specific) system. The adaptive part is the one that causes allergies: it clears all environmental pathogens. Allergies are an over-activated immune system and an allergic response is an overreaction to a substance, leading to chronic inflammation.

Animal Wellness

Dandelion

I am primarily an herbalist, so I use Western herbs to support the immune system and prevent allergies. “Herbal medicines reportedly affect cytokine secretion, histamine release, immunoglobulin secretion and class switching, cellular coreceptor expression, lymphocyte proliferation, and cytotoxic activity,” writes NIH AIDS researcher Susan Plaeger in a “Guest Commentary” in Immunology and Herbs.

preventive, astragalus can both prevent and treat infections, so it is a great adaptogen for animals whose allergies have progressed to dermatitis or otitis.

ALTERATIVES

One of my favorite classes of herbs for immune support is the adaptogens. Adaptogenic herbs are safe for long term use, increase resistance to allergens, and work whether there is immunocompromised or overstimulation, as with allergies. Here are three of my favorite adaptogens.

Another class of herbs I find very beneficial for allergies are alteratives (not to be confused with the word “alternatives”). They’re blood cleansers. According to Rosemary Gladstar in The Science and Art of Herbalism: A Home-Study Course, alteratives are “agents that gradually and favorably alter the condition of the blood. They aid the body in assimilating nutrients and eliminating metabolic waste products.” Since toxins are primarily cleared from the blood in the liver and kidneys, more alteratives have liver or kidney effects.

• Siberian ginseng (also known as Eleuthero, Eleuterococcus senticosus) is known for its ability to increase resistance to all stressors. One of the many ways it does this is by supporting and enhancing the immune system. There are many studies in which Siberian ginseng prevented people from getting common diseases. It is known as a preventive rather than a curative herb. It helps prevent the symptoms and secondary infections often associated with allergies. • Ashwaganda (Withania somnifera) is another good adaptogen. It is immune-modulating, restorative for chronic illnesses such as allergies, and a tonic for the adrenals. It is especially indicated for the geriatric population, who have a harder time mounting an immune response under the best of circumstances. • Astragalus (Astragalus membranaceous) is similar to ashwaganda, but for the young instead of the old. It increases energy and resistance to disease, and strengthens and stimulates the immune system. Unlike Siberian ginseng, which is more

• Burdock (Arctium lappa) is an herb that I put in almost every formula Burdock I make. Not only is it an alterative, but it’s a food herb (gobo), so it is nourishing, cleansing and supports the liver and kidneys. According to Andrew Chevallier in The Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants, “Burdock is one of the foremost detoxifying herbs… used to treat conditions cause by an ‘overload’ of toxins, such as…chronic skin problems.” • Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) is also excellent for flushing the liver and kidneys. The root is thought to be more

ADAPTOGENS

April/May 2016

SPECIFIC DERMATOLOGY HERBS

Along with adaptogens and alteratives are specific herbs for dermatologic conditions, which is how most allergies in dogs and cats manifest. Echinacea (Echinacea purpurea) is known as an antimicrobial herb, but it does so much more. It is an immune stimulant (this is how it fights microbes), but it can also fight allergens this way. It is also an anti-inflammatory and a mild detoxifier. Chevallier states that “Echinacea is one of the world’s most important medicinal herbs. Research shows that it has the ability to raise the body’s resistance… by stimulating the immune system. Echinacea…helps to relieve skin allergies, and it has been used for centuries to clear skin infections.” Unlike adaptogens and alteratives, Echinacea is not good for long-term use. There is debate about its safety long-term, but there is no debate that it loses its efficacy over time, and should therefore be pulsed (two weeks on, two weeks off). Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) is another herb that cannot be used long-term, due to its adrenal effects. However, it is an anti-inflammatory and soothing herb, as well as being healing and detoxifying to the liver. Its adrenal effects make licorice good for allergies: it is nature’s hydrocortisone. The adrenal support also helps the body deal with the stress the allergens put on the entire system. In one study (“The treatment of atopic dermatitis with licorice gel” by M. Saeedi, K. Morteza-Semnani and M. Ghoreishi, published in a 2003 issue of the Journal of Dermatological Treatment), “the results showed that licorice extract could be considered as an effective agent for treatment of atopic dermatitis”. However, due to its adrenal effects, licorice should never be used until bloodwork has confirmed its safety. Oregon grape root (Mahonia aquifolium), native to the Pacific Northwest, is specific to chronic skin conditions. It is also an alterative, a stimulant and a tonic to the liver and gallbladder. Despite its berberine content, Oregon grape root is considered a very safe herb. Veterinarians Dr. Susan Wynn and Dr. Barbara Fougere recommend it for both skin and ear infections.

Animal Wellness

Herbal remedies and dosages need to be tailored to an individual animal’s needs, so be sure to consult with an integrative or holistic vet before giving your dog or cat any herbs.

Cleavers

cleansing to the liver, while the leaves are considered more diuretic. The concern with allopathic diuretics is potassium loss, but nature provides plenty of potassium in dandelion leaves. Rosemary Gladstar’s Family Herbal states that dandelion is “one of the great tonic herbs of all time.” • Nettle (Urtica dioica) is one of my favorite herbs ever. It is a good herb for treating allergies. David Hoffman states in Medical Herbalism that nettle “strengthens and supports the whole body. Throughout Europe, nettle is used as a spring tonic and general detoxifying remedy.” Both my cats and dogs love “nettle eggs”, always some variation of an omelette with nettles, mushrooms, garlic and cheese. • Cleavers (Galium aparine) is another alterative not to be forgotten. It’s a diuretic and lymphatic, so it helps to clear allergens and other toxins out of the lymphatic system. Unlike many herbs, which can be dried and have their medicinal properties extracted by water, alcohol or some other menstruum, cleavers are usually used as a fresh juice and can be eaten as a green. Whenever allergies flare, I use nutrition (whole foods are vitally important to good health), supplements and herbs to keep the animal comfortable and healthy until the allergen has waned in the environment. I use a combination of adaptogens, alteratives and dermatologic herbs (see sidebar) tailored to the individual patient. One dog named Riley loved his combination so much that he Nettle sat and begged for it! As I have found with Riley and many other animals, good herbal treatment and whole foods can boost immunity and help completely resolve environmental allergies.

the scoop BULLY SLICES FOR BOWSER

Redbarn Vanilla Bully Slices® Dog Chews are all-natural, grain-free pieces of beef ear and hide, trimmed into rectangular chews and coated to help tempt picky eaters. They also contain functional ingredients like chicken cartilage, vitamin E and salmon oil to support joint health. redbarninc.com

THERAPEUTIC BLANKET

Back on Track designed the Mesh Dog Blanket for any canine – young or old, hardworking athletes and family companions. Your dog will beneﬁt from the natural warmth therapy this blanket provides. It also effectively warms muscles before exercise, helping reduce the risk of strains or injury. backontrackproducts.com/Dog-Products-c12/

MOBILE-FRIENDLY SHOPPING

The Natural Canine’s newly redesigned website is mobile- and tablet-friendly so you can use any device to browse or shop for organic, wild-crafted herbs and homeopathic remedies. Or explore condition-speciﬁc support kits for anal gland issues, bronchitis, cancer, stress, lupus, joint problems and more. Naturalcanine.com

A HANDLE ON SKIN HEALTH

Kalvatin™ Dermal Spray and Dermal Gel works with your animal’s own defenses to create an active microbial barrier around hotspots and wounds, while exfoliating and moistening. This means less itching, scratching, and chewing. It’s all-natural and helps you take control of your animal’s skin health. Ask your veterinarian about it. kalvatin.com

TASTY TOPPERS

New from The Honest Kitchen, Proper Toppers™ are limited ingredient, superfood bites that can be added to anything your dog is eating, used as a treat, or served as a complete diet. They help boost taste (perfect for picky eaters) and add whole food nutrition to each bowl. thehonestkitchen.com/proper-toppers

CALMING REMEDY

Pet Remedy is a clinically proven, natural way to tackle stress and anxiety in animals using a slow release special formula of sweet basil, vetiver, sage and valerian. It mimics the brain’s natural calming messages (GABA), and tricks ﬁred-up and stressed nerves into calming down, so the animal becomes more relaxed. petremedyusa.com

April/May 2016

Get rid of those ugly brown tear stains under your dog’s eyes.

dog tear

STAINS By Eliana Osborn

Thanks to unsightly brown tear stains, many dogs with light-colored hair on their faces can look a little sad, even on good days. But it doesn’t mean they’re depressed. The problem is caused by excessive tearing, called “epiphoria”.

Animal Wellness

You may have a similar condition yourself, especially if you wear contacts or have sensitive eyes. Allergies can also be a culprit, in both dogs and people. If the dog has long hair around his eyes, tearing could be caused by the hair getting into the eyes and irritating them. And just as our own eyes may water on a windy day, or when we sneeze, so too can a dog’s. It’s just that it’s more noticeable on the dog if those tears happen to discolor the hair below his eyes. Dr. Jessica Meekins, Kansas State University ophthalmologist at the Veterinary Health Center, adds that some dogs’ tear ducts are pinched or blocked. That makes tears spill over and out of the eye, instead of draining away. This usually isn’t a problem, although you can talk with your veterinarian to see if a serious blockage can be corrected.

WHAT CAUSES THE COLOR? According to veterinarian Dr. Karen Becker, animal tears are unlike human ones because they aren’t clear. “Tear stains are typically the result of porphyrins,” she says. “Porphyrins are naturally-occurring molecules containing iron – waste products from the breakdown of red blood cells – and are mostly removed from the body in the usual way…that is, poop. In dogs, however, porphyrin can also be excreted through tears, saliva and urine.” Think of rust, with its reddish brown color – that’s the iron you’re seeing in tear stains.

STEPS TO A CLEANER FACE • Take a look at what your dog is eating. A poor quality and/or imbalanced diet can contribute to unsightly tear stains, among other health issues. Feed your

The longer you let tear stains sit, the harder they are to get rid of. If the discoloration is severe and the cleaning tips in this article aren’t working, you may have to wait for the hair to grow out and then trim it.

dog a premium whole meat-based food free of by-products, synthetic colors, flavors and preservatives. • Avoid commercial products that claim to get rid of tear stains. Any area of your dog that contains mucus membranes – those soft tissues around openings, including the eyes – is particularly vulnerable. Commercial products containing harsh chemicals or antibiotics can do more harm than good. Angels' Eyes (angelseyesonline.com) is one company that offers safe non-toxic products to eliminate tear stains. • Daily hygiene needs to take a priority. A few minutes of face grooming each evening will go a long way to minimizing any discoloration before it gets a chance to stain or build up. The American Kennel Club suggests the following steps:

o Moisten a cotton ball with the same solution, and carefully rub underneath and around the eye area. o Wash the muzzle hair with dry or waterless shampoo [choose a gentle, natural product] and a wet washcloth. Comb and dry afterwards. o Keep the hair around the eyes trimmed to prevent it from irritating the eyes and causing tearing. Tear stains on their own are generally not a sign of illness. They are often simply part of the package when you love a dog with light-colored hair. If your canine’s eyes and tears start behaving differently, with more or less moisture, talk with your veterinarian to rule out any problems. Otherwise, a healthy diet and some extra attention to his facial hygiene should help do away with those brown stains.

o Flush eyes with a gentle saline solution.

If the dog has long hair around his eyes, tearing could be caused by the hair getting into the eyes and irritating them.

April/May 2016

Vito and Marianne unwind at the beach with Roxy.

Roxy’s

Remedies By Charlotte Walker

East Indian sandalwood oil (EISO) is the key ingredient in these grooming products for dogs with allergies and sensitive skin.

llergies can have many causes, but here’s one you probably haven’t heard of. In 2008, Marianne Cronin’s dog, Roxy, ate a zipper from a sweatshirt. “It had to be surgically removed from her stomach, and afterwards she became allergic to everything,” says Marianne’s partner, musician Vito San Filippo. “Her hair fell out in patches and her skin was irritated and itchy. We were constantly dragging her to the vet for medication.”

spray gel and cleansing wipes, all featuring EISO along with other natural ingredients such as oat kernel extract and aloe vera. “The products are formulated to clean, comfort and condition the skin and coats of dogs with sensitive skin, but they’re great for all dogs. They’re pH balanced for canine skin, and we’ve left out everything that could irritate sensitive skin, such as harsh surfactants, parabens, alcohol, silicones, colors and artificial fragrances.”

The meds didn’t do much, so Marianne and Vito explored alternatives. “We started researching botanicals and topicals in the pet industry,” says Vito. Marianne also drew on her more than 20 years’ experience in the beauty and cosmetics industry to find ingredients that would help Roxy. One of these ingredients stood out – East Indian sandalwood oil (EISO). Steam distilled from the heartwood of the sandalwood tree, EISO is good for human skin, and Marianne thought it could also help Roxy. “We formulated a line of EISO grooming products that turned out to be so effective we want to share it with every other dog out there,” Vito says. “Because human and canine mast cells function very similarly, we believe the human research and safety data on EISO is also relevant to dogs, and we have been working with veterinarians, scientists and clinicians to test our products and develop new ones. We’re just starting to see how amazing EISO is for canine skin.”

To ensure the EISO Marianne and Vito use is earth-friendly – wild East Indian sandalwood is almost extinct – they’ve partnered with Santalis Pharmaceuticals and TFS Corporation, a world leader in eco-friendly and sustainable EISO production. “They plant, harvest and process purely pharmaceutical grade EISO, so we have an exclusive supply of this very special gift of nature,” says Vito.

Vito and Marianne officially launched Roxy’s Remedies (The Natural Solution for Dogs With Sensitive SkinTM) last year. The company offers a shampoo and conditioner, itch relief

Animal Wellness

Although Roxy’s Remedies is only a year old, Marianne and Vito have already enjoyed a lot of success. “We are helping dogs everywhere, and creating a proactive community to support less fortunate dogs.” The company supports several animal organizations and causes, including Pets of the Homeless, the Santa Paula Animal Rescue Center, and the GoFundMe Dogs of Nepal Quake Survivor Fund. “We also participate in local rescue events,” Vito says. “We have a mission to improve the lives of dogs everywhere. We love giving back and supporting the less fortunate canine community, as well as receiving positive feedback from people using our products on their dogs.”

to the rescue Dog Tales Rescue and Sanctuary

Rescue code: AWA254

From left to right: Loanne is a six-year-old Lab mix; The Dog Tales Rescue and Sanctuary building; Mega is an eight-year-old Rottie who loves everyone.

LOCATION: King City, ON YEAR ESTABLISHED: 2014 NUMBER OF STAFF/VOLUNTEERS/FOSTER HOMES: 20 staff and approximately 50 volunteers TYPES OF ANIMAL THEY WORK WITH: “First and foremost, we are a dog and horse rescue,” says Clare Forndran, Media Specialist. “To date, we have found homes for over 350 dogs, and have rescued 70 horses from slaughter. We are also home to a donkey, a mule, two calves, three pigs, a few bunnies and some ducks.” FUNDRAISING PROJECTS: “Every summer we host an annual Dog Tales Festival. It puts a spotlight on a number of local rescue organizations, including our own. Visitors can also ﬁnd vendors offering a number of animal-related products. During the festival, we give our dogs and horses time to shine. Food and entertainment is also provided. This is a fun event for all ages, and is a great opportunity to contribute to the work that we are doing. In addition, Dog Tales memorabilia is available for purchase through our website, and 100% of proceeds beneﬁt our dogs directly.”

Follow on Faceb o

.com/Dogtales ok rescue

FAVORITE RESCUE STORY: “Kaza was rescued from Israel, and spent months at our rescue,” says Clare. “She had been badly abused by men, and was extremely fearful of strangers. She was also terriﬁed of cars. Because Kaza was so fearful, she was constantly overlooked at our weekly Open Adoption Days, and we began to wonder if anyone would ever see the incredible dog she could become once she opened up. “Finally, her hero family found her. They spent over a month visiting Kaza every other day and building a bond with her. Over time, it was as though Kaza knew this couple would be her forever family, and she began to light up when they arrived in a way we had never seen to date. This incredible couple helped Kaza overcome her fear of cars to the point where, when it was ﬁnally time for them to take her home, she jumped right into their car. “Kaza’s new family have kept in touch, and we know she is living such a beautiful life with them. This kind of dedication, patience and love is what rescue is all about. It’s not about having a perfect dog right off the bat.” dogtales.ca

“This kind of dedication, patience and love is what rescue is all about.” April/May 2016

Animal Wellness has supported rescue efforts for almost 15 years and is a proud partner of Best Friends Animal Society. This column honors the work of shelters and rescues across North America. For their full stories, visit www.AnimalWellnessMagazine.com

CANADA

DINO Rescue Calgary, AB Rescue Code: AWA203 www.dinorescue.com Smiling Blue Skies Cancer Fund Calgary, AB Rescue Code: AWA138 www.smilingblueskies.com Pilots and Paws Canada Vancouver, BC Rescue Code: AWA112 www.pilotsnpawscanada.com NWT SPCA Yellowknife, NT Rescue Code: AWA005 www.nwtspca.com Boxer Rescue Ontario Oakville, ON Rescue Code: AWA217 www.boxerrescueontario.com Canadian Dachshund Rescue Hamilton, ON Rescue Code: AWA226 www.wienerdogrescue.com Guelph Humane Society Guelph, ON Rescue Code: AWA218 www.guelphhumane.ca Helping Homeless Pets Markham, ON Rescue Code: AWA024 www.helpinghomelesspets.com Peterborough Humane Society Peterborough, ON Rescue Code: AWA151 www.PeterboroughHumaneSociety.ca Westies In Need Tottenham, ON Rescue Code: AWA039 www.westiesinneed.com

USA

Rocky Ridge Refuge Midway, AR Rescue Code: AWA089 www.RockyRidgeRefuge.com Canine Cancer Foundation Phoenix, AZ Rescue Code: AWA013 www.wearethecure.org Boxer Rescue LA Venice, CA Rescue Code: AWA191 www.boxer-rescue-la.com Bullies and Buddies Redondo Beach, CA Rescue Code: AWA206 www.bulliesandbuddies.com Leave No Paws Behind, Inc. Sun Valley, CA Rescue Code: AWA229 www.leavenopawsbehind.org

Animal Wellness

Muttville Senior Dog Rescue San Francisco, CA Rescue Code: AWA116 www.muttville.org

Rocky Mountain Animal Rescue Ranch Imnaha, OR Rescue Code: AWA032 www.animalrescueranch.com

Delaware Humane Association Claymont, DE Rescue Code: AWA009 www.dehumane.org

GROWL Williston, SC Rescue Code: AWA176 www.mygrowl.com

Canine Assisted Therapy, Inc. Oakland Park, FL Rescue Code: AWA168 www.catdogs.org

Feral Friends Community Cat Alliance Richardson, TX Rescue Code: AWA134 www.feralfriends.org

The Cat Network Miami, FL Rescue Code: AWA045 www.thecatnetwork.org

Furry Friendz Animal Rescue & Wildlife Rehabiliataion Kaufman, TX Rescue Code: AWA135 www.FurryFriendzy.org

First Coast No More Homeless Pets Jacksonville, FL Rescue Code: AWA095 www.fcnmhp.org Angels Among Us Pet Rescue Alpharetta, GA Rescue Code: AWA120 www.angelsrescue.org Georgia Center for Humane Education Atlanta, GA Rescue Code: AWA177 www.Human-animalbond.org Lifeline Animal Project Atlanta, GA Rescue Code: AWA021 www.LifelineAnimal.org Anderson Animal Shelter South Elgin, IL Rescue Code: AWA172 www.andersonanimalshelter.org Animal House Shelter Huntley, IL Rescue Code: AWA072 www.animalhouseshelter.com Gentle Giants Rescue and Sanctuary Wayne, NJ Rescue Code: AWA068 www.gentlegiantsinc.org One Step Closer Animal Rescue Sparta, NJ Rescue Code: AWA027 www.OscarAnimalRescue.org Bobbi and the Strays Glendale, NY Rescue Code: AWA085 www.bobbiandthestrays.org North Shore Animal League America Port Washington, NY Rescue Code: AWA107 www.animalleague.org Sanctuary for Senior Dogs Cleveland, OH Rescue Code: AWA092 www.sanctuaryforseniordogs.org West Side Cats Youngstown, OH Rescue Code: AWA231 www.westsidecats.org

SAVE Rescue Coalition Houston, TX Rescue Code: AWA212 www.saverescue.org SPCA of East Texas Tyler, TX Rescue Code: AWA077 www.spcaeasttx.com Greyhounds Rock Spotsylvania, VA Rescue Code: AWA157 www.greyhoundsrock.org Wags to Riches Yakima, WA Rescue Code: AWA050 www.wagstorichesanimalrescue.org For Cat's Sake Rescue West Milwaukee, WI Rescue Code: AWA241 www.forcatssake.org Lakeland Animal Shelter Elkhorn, WI Rescue Code: AWA180 www.lakelandanimalshelter.org Dog is my CoPilot Jackson Hole, WY Rescue Code: AWA080 www.dogismycopilot.com

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April/May 2016

& Angel

passages

Tango By Amanda Tucci

Lessons in saying goodbye and letting go of guilt.

Tango or my 9th birthday, my parents gifted me with Angel. She grew up to be a refined tabby cat, the self-possessed overseer of our home who only reciprocated affection when it was almost time for dinner. Our toy poodle, Tango, cared nothing for Angel’s cool indifference. Given to my mom on her 40th birthday, he loved everyone he met, and never hesitated to show it. As dissimilar as Tango and Angel were, they were an irreplaceable part of our family. The bond we share with our animals makes the decision to let them go almost impossible. But because the lives of our dogs and cats are much shorter than our own, when we choose to welcome them into the family it’s with the knowledge that, inevitably, there will come a day when they must leave us again. It wasn’t until the spring of 2013 that I was forced to accept this truth. Tango and Angel were aging, although in looks, they appeared the same as they always had. Tango was the first to show signs of affliction. When he began to hold his head bent at an odd angle, my mother quickly secured a visit to the vet. We ordered x-rays and blood work, and the results determined he had arthritis. Medically, it was nothing to worry about – it was only a product of age.

Animal Wellness

Angel

But when Tango’s condition worsened as time passed, we began to suspect he was more than arthritic. He lost his appetite and his playful demeanour disappeared. A new vet determined Tango had kennel cough and prescribed him antibiotics. For a while, they worked. Tango’s energy levels rose, and he seemed more like himself than he’d been in months. It was a relief to see him slowly getting better – until he began to get worse again. It was a nearby animal hospital that made Tango’s final diagnosis. We learned he had thyroid cancer, and that it had spread too far to be effectively treated. The sole treatment the hospital could offer was radiation, but given Tango’s six-pound weight, they warned us it would be more detrimental than helpful. His quality of life would never improve. Tango was my mother’s dog, so it was she who decided to relieve him of his suffering. She reasoned that he had endured a lot already and that it would be cruel to subject him to more. We gave ourselves three more days before brining Tango back to the hospital for one last needle. Through it all, we stroked his coat and repeatedly told him that everything would be all right.

Though we were speaking to Tango, we were the ones who needed to hear our words the most. Within seconds, Tango’s eyes closed peacefully, as if he had only fallen asleep. Angel’s passing was different. Unlike Tango, she showed no outward signs of pain until the final week of her life, when she suddenly dropped half her weight and became enervated. Worried, my mother and I took her to see our vet. He determined that Angel had kidney failure, a common and treatable ailment in old cats. When we left the clinic, it was with hope that we had caught her illness in time. Our hope was short-lived. That same night, Angel’s breathing became labored. Her condition worsened next day, so much so that she began to meow in pain from the effort it took to breathe. As with Tango, my mother decided it was time to let her go. I protested furiously; we fought for so long with Tango, so how could we give up on Angel in one day? I was enraged when my mom made an appointment for 6 pm that night. But it was all for nothing. Angel passed 15 minutes before her appointment. I watched in horror as her legs gave out and she collapsed feebly on the floor. I bawled as her body convulsed. By the time she took her last breath, I was only thankful her suffering had ended. The weeks after Angel’s passing were charged with emotion. I was angry at the vet for not seeing she had only one day left. I was saddened by the loss, and heartbroken by the fact that I hadn’t had time to prepare and grieve as I’d had with Tango. More than anything, I wished Angel’s death could have been as painless as his was. The trauma of my experience with Angel taught me an important lesson. Sometimes, letting go of our animals is the most selfless gift we can give them. When they become terminally ill, we alone are responsible for making the decision to let them go. By losing both my cat and my mother’s dog, I dealt with anger, sadness, pain and guilt; and I learned that it’s the guilt that can sometimes hold us back from letting go of our animals, even when we know there is nothing left for them but pain. Another truth I have learned: in the end, it’s about more than letting of a beloved companion. It’s also about letting go of the guilt we hold against ourselves for making that impossible decision to say goodbye.

April/May 2016

DOG BREEDS OF

Mexico By Anabelle Lee Macri

Animal Wellness

Cinco de Mayo

CELEBRATE WITH A LOOK AT MEXICO’S NATIVE BREEDS – THE CHIHUAHUA AND XOLO. For dog lovers, the Mexican celebration of Cinco de Mayo, held every year on May 5, is also a great time to celebrate Mexico’s two native dog breeds – the Chihuahua and the Xoloitzcuintli (Xolo for short). What better time to learn more about these unique breeds and their mixes, and to discover if adopting one would be right for you?

CHIHUAHUAS – A SHORT HISTORY According to the American Kennel Club, the 9th century Toltecs (who lived in what is now Mexico) raised a breed of dog called the Techichi, considered to be the ancestor of today’s Chihuahua. The breed gets its name from the Mexican state of Chihuahua, where the earliest examples of these dogs were discovered.

TRAITS AND CHARACTERISTICS • Today’s Chihuahuas may have short or long coats. • Although tiny, Chihuahuas and their mixes usually have strong personalities and are alert and playful. They can also be nervous and easily startled. Chihuahuas shake when anxious, according to Dr. Nick Adams of Misfit Haven Animal Rescue and Adoption Center, which focuses primarily on Chihuahuas and their crosses. • Chihuahuas make great family pets, as well as companions for single and senior homes; though these dogs can be territorial and protective of their space, they are highly trainable, and can be very affectionate when well socialized. • Chihuahuas feel the cold more than many other breeds, so if you live in a northerly region with colder winters, your Chihuahua should wear a warm dog sweater or coat when going outside. • Dr. Adams says that one challenge surrounding Chihuahuas is that people adopt them without adequately researching their characteristics and needs. “These are not typically dogs that you put on a leash and take for a walk,” he says. “Chihuahuas are primarily homebodies. They just don’t have the muscular capacity or mass for walking in public, though Paris Hilton did popularize that idea with her reality TV program. These dogs are best suited for staying at home. They are ideal for people who like to have their pets follow them around the house, and are great with children, particularly when adopted as puppies so that they can be well-socialized.” • Contrary to what some people believe, Chihuahuas aren’t any more delicate healthwise than many other breeds. Dr. Adams says that any chronic ailments they may have are

Showcasing the

Xolo

Like the Chihuahua, the Xolo has ancient roots in Mexico, dating back to around 3,000 years. It’s recognized as one of the oldest and rarest breeds, says the Xoloitzcuintli Club of America. According to the AKC, “Xoloitzcuintli” (pronounced “show-lo-itz-queent-li”) comes from “Xolotl”, the name of an Aztec god, and “itzcuintli”, the Aztec word for “dog”. Also referred to as “Mexican hairless dogs”, Xolos are generally larger than Chihuahuas (there are toy, miniature and standard varieties), with a lean, muscular body type. They can be either hairless or have a short ﬂat coat. The Xolo is calm, loyal and alert, says the AKC, and makes a good pet and guard dog. He is quiet and attentive, sometimes rather aloof. Xolos are better suited for exercise than Chihuahuas, and enjoy walks. Because of their lack of hair, they’re also good for people with allergies. Xolos enjoy good health, but because of their exposed skin they need protection from the elements. They’re considered indoor dogs, especially during the winter, and should wear a coat or sweater when outside in the sun or on cold days. Never leave a Xolo outside for long periods. Dry skin may also be an issue in this breed.

CHIHUAHUA AND XOLO

RESCUES Canadian Chihuahua Rescue & Transport ccrt.net Chihuahua & Small Dog Rescue, Inc. chihuahua-smalldogrescue.org Misfit Haven Animal Rescue, Inc./Adoption Center misfithavenanimalrescue.com/meet-the-misfits.html Xoloitzcuintli Primitive Breed Rescue facebook.com/XoloPBR Xolo Rescue League facebook.com/Xolo-Rescue-League-103402566388895

April/May 2016

usually associated with allergies such as skin irritations, sneezing and runny eyes.

SMALL BUT MIGHTY

know? Did you

The ancient Aztecs thought Xolos had healing properties and could cure a variety of ailments, including arthritis. This belief could have arisen because Xolos, with their primarily hairless bodies, seem to radiate more warmth than full-coated dogs, making them good “hot water bottles”!

Animal Wellness

Despite their diminutive size, Chihuahuas are resilient and resourceful. As an example, Dr. Adams talks about Oden, a four-yearold Chihuahua he recently took in for rehabilitation and adoption. Oden was brought to the shelter after an incident involving a house that exploded due to a chemical fire. “When he first came to me, he was of course traumatized by what happened to him. The only thing that saved him was that he was underneath a couch at the time of the explosion. But now, to interact with him, you wouldn’t know he’d been through something so awful. He is affectionate, kind and loving, a testimony to the resilient spirit of this breed.” Believe it or not, chihuahuas can also be working dogs. Back in 2007, CBS reporter Brian Dakss featured a seven-pound female Chihuahua that was doing police work because her small size made her ideal for searching for drugs in small spaces, something larger police dogs were at a disadvantage for! “I recommend doing your homework prior to adopting a Chihuahua to be sure this breed is right for your lifestyle,” concludes Dr. Adams. “But beyond that, if you’re looking for a wonderful dog that’s both loyal and loving, consider the Chihuahua.”

April/May 2016

warm & fuzzy

Aladdin

the superhero

“Aladdin has the kindest heart of any being I have ever met,” says Michele Schaffer. Given his past, this pit bull would be forgiven for being fearful or aggressive, but he loves everyone, according to “mom” Michele. In fact, he hasn’t met anyone he doesn’t like, and his loving nature and endearing qualities have made him a true superhero – a wonderful therapy dog, an ambassador for the pit bull breed, and a crusader against animal cruelty. In April of 2013, Aladdin was found in the streets of south New Jersey. He was severely emaciated, both his back legs and tail were broken, he had wounds on his body and face, and was missing 12 teeth. It’s believed someone had repeatedly hit him with a blunt object. Aladdin was brought to the Camden County Animal Shelter, who reached out to Michele, a foster parent for pit bulls and outreach director for Lilo’s Promise Animal Rescue Community. Michele says that as soon as Aladdin saw her, “his little tail started to wag and never stopped. Despite his condition, he was the happiest boy I ever met.”

Animal Wellness

By Louisa Lew

At first, Aladdin was understandably scared of everyone, yet he greeted each person he met with the hopeful attitude that he or she would be kind to him. Michele says he spent many days during his recuperation on a lounge chair overlooking the ocean; as soon as a person would come into view, his “little tail would start thumping away”. When people met Aladdin, some were angered to learn that someone had hurt him, while others cried, yet he always knew how to comfort them. “He radiates kindness and love.” Michele didn’t initially intend to adopt Aladdin, but when she overheard Lilo’s Promise co-founder commenting that he would be available at an adoption event on July 4, 2013, Michele signaled to her: No, he won’t be! Michele realized she couldn’t imagine her life without Aladdin. “I never thought about adopting him, but I never thought about not having him in the house,” she says. “He just fit, as if he had always been there.”

THERAPY DOG EXTRAORDINAIRE After seeing how Aladdin interacted with people, Michele knew he would make a wonderful therapy dog. He is a regular visitor

at the Ronald McDonald House of Philadelphia, and also goes into hospitals and schools to comfort and work with patients and students. “He seems to sense when someone needs comfort,” Michele says, recalling a time when they made a special visit to a Camden hospital. A patient had been following Aladdin on his Facebook page, and her niece wrote to him in the hopes he would be able to visit her. At the hospital, Aladdin crawled into the woman’s lap and snuggled with her, bringing her to tears.

“Despite his condition, he was the happiest boy I ever met.”

AMBASSADOR FOR PIT BULLS Aladdin’s sweet face and gentle personality have made him the perfect ambassador for pit bulls. He clearly illustrates that there is nothing threatening about this breed. The way he walks also makes it obvious he is no danger to anyone. Due to the injuries he suffered to his back legs, he’s “like Tiny Tim”, according to Michele. Some affectionately call him Captain Dan, of Forrest Gump fame. To help Aladdin walk without pain, he receives laser therapy, dry needling, and water therapy. He loves swimming so much that when he is at the beach during the summer, he’ll stay in the water indefinitely unless someone retrieves him! Aladdin has helped changed the minds of many who formerly feared pit bulls. During Michele’s annual Brindle Brothers Pit Bull Adoption event in 2013, a gentleman interested in adopting a pit

bull asked if Aladdin could meet his wife, who had negative preconceived notions about the breed. After spending time with Aladdin, her perceptions changed, and the couple adopted a dog that very day! A similar incident occurred at a local library last fall. “Aladdin’s grandma signed him up to work at the library,” Michele says with a laugh. Aladdin visited the library in early October of 2015 for a reading event for children aged six and younger. A mother who had no previous experience with the breed had learned about Aladdin through his Facebook page. She attended the event with her young son, but was hesitant to allow him too close to Aladdin. As soon as she saw how gentle Aladdin was, however, she changed her mind about pit bulls.

SPOKESDOG FOR COMPASSION Aladdin was teamed up with Jon Dorenbos of the Philadelphia Eagles for the Show Your Soft Side campaign.

Aladdin and Michele share a memorable moment with Slash of Guns N' Roses.

Given the horrific injuries Aladdin suffered before being rescued, it’s not surprising he and Michele are involved in raising public awareness of the evils of animal abuse. One of Aladdin’s most important projects was his involvement in the Show Your Soft Side campaign. This public service campaign was created to combat the idea, particularly among youth, that abusing animals is a sign of “toughness”. Athletes and musicians – perceived as “tough” individuals in the minds of young people – are partnered with animals to demonstrate their strength through compassion and love. Aladdin was partnered with Jon Dorenbos of the Philadelphia Eagles as part of the campaign. Michele feels it was important for Aladdin to help prevent abuse, especially as the individual who hurt him was never found. Aladdin is a true inspiration to Michele and everyone else whose lives he touches. He overcame his past to bring joy to others and become a spokesdog for compassion. People fall in love with him instantly, thanks to his kind demeanor and loving heart – the heart of a superhero. April/May 2016

CUTTING

YOUR DOG’S HAIR?

Depending on your dog’s coat, he may need regular trimming with clippers or scissors. If you decide to do it yourself, be sure to do it safely. By Donna Jackel Grooming your dog is necessary for his health and well-being. Trimming, bathing, brushing and combing keep his hair and skin healthy, and reduce the risk of itching, irritation and other skin problems that can make him uncomfortable and unhappy. How often you groom your dog depends on the type of coat he has. Dogs with long, thick or multi-layered hair need more grooming attention than those with short, single-layered coats. The next question is whether to take your dog to a groomer, or look after his coat yourself. If you decide on the latter, and clipping or trimming is going to be involved, you need to know what you’re doing in order to avoid injuring him. I learned this the hard way.

PROBLEMS WITH SCISSORS AND CLIPPERS My English cocker spaniel, Blizzard, is a groomer’s nightmare. He literally gave one groomer a headache with his incessant barking. Another groomer told me to give him a sedative before bringing him to his next appointment. So I decided to home-groom Blizzard. I’d watched groomers do their thing, and didn’t think it looked difficult. I searched online and ordered a grooming table and clippers. Once they arrived, I printed out photos of perfectly coiffed English cockers. I secured Blizzard to his new grooming table and turned on the clippers. All was going well – waves of overgrown hair fell neatly to the floor. My shaggy friend was starting to once again to look like a member of his breed. I next picked up the scissors and began trimming his long ears. Then my teenaged son yelled, “Mom, he’s bleeding – his left ear!” In my exuberance, I had mistaken a piece of Blizzard’s ear for hair. The vet cautioned me about using scissors on my dog, but otherwise seemed unperturbed. “I’ve seen a lot worse,” he reassured me. Thankfully, Blizzard didn’t require stitches. Continued on page 80.

Animal Wellness

GOOD GROOMING = GOOD HEALTH Along with clipping and trimming, of course, bathing, brushing and combing are also important aspects of the grooming process. “Grooming is not just about looks, but good health,” says Dr. Morgan. “It also gives you the opportunity to look for lumps and bumps, flakiness or crusting – anything that could be painful or might be an early warning sign healthwise.” “Brushing and grooming are so important for our dogs’ health,” agrees KC Theisen, director of animal care issues for the HSUS. “It also reinforces the bond between you and your dog.”

1. A bath might not be at the top of the list of your dog’s fun things to do, but he will definitely feel better afterwards. “For dogs that have allergies, pollen is very irritating to the skin,” Dr. Morgan says. “Dogs will lick their feet all the time trying to get the pollen off. The more often you bathe the dog, the fewer allergic reactions he will have.”

2. Regular brushing or combing keeps the coat shiny and healthy, gets rid of dead hair, and reduces dander and other skin problems. Use a soft-bristled brush that won’t scratch his skin.

3. Keep his face clean. Eye irritations can lead to eye infections. [Editor’s note: see page 64 for tips on safe face and eye cleaning.]

4. K eep his nails trimmed. Use the correct type of nail trimmer for your dog, and avoid cutting into the quick (the pink part of the nail). If you’re uncertain, ask your vet or groomer or show you how to clip nails.

5. Pick up your dog’s ear flaps and take a peek underneath, looking for irritation, redness or discoloration. Gently clean if necessary.

April/May 2016

TIPS FOR USING CLIPPERS AND SCISSORS CLIPPERS • Purchase good quality clippers that are right for your dog’s coat type. Your groomer can help you zero in on a good product.

• G et your dog used to the sound of the clippers before using them.

Turn them on nearby and note his reaction. Don’t try to use them on his coat until he is accustomed to the sound. Use praise and rewards to help him associate the clippers with a pleasant experience.

• K eep in mind that clipper blades can get hot. You don’t want to burn

your dog, so turn the clippers off every so often and touch the blades to test for heat. If they get too hot, switch to other blades or let them cool off before continuing.

• P ractice holding the clippers and choose a hand position that feels comfortable and gives you maximum control.

• Start carefully, by using the clippers on the outer coat first, in a

relatively inconspicuous area. Be sure you’re adept at using the clippers before going closer to the skin.

AN AMATEUR CAN ALSO DO DAMAGE WITH CLIPPERS, WHEN LOOSE FOLDS OF SKIN CATCH ON THE BLADES. Continued from page 78.

SCISSORS • First and foremost, use scissors that are especially

designed for dog grooming. Kitchen scissors are a no-no. You can get a variety of grooming scissors, from the most commonly-used straight grooming scissors, to thinning scissors, curved scissors for shaping the coat, and scissors with rounded tips for safely trimming around the face and paws.

• Scissors are usually used for removing hair that the clippers can’t access. This often means sensitive areas such as around the head, feet, tail, etc.

• M ake sure both you and your dog are calm and relaxed before beginning.

• W ork slowly and carefully, and be sure to use your

free hand to determine exactly where his hair ends and his skin begins, before doing any trimming. This is especially important when ridding the coat of mats.

“PEOPLE USE SCISSORS TO CUT OFF MATS AND LOTS OF TIMES CUT TOO CLOSE TO SKIN.” 80

Animal Wellness

My story came as no surprise to dog groomer Nicole Kallish. She routinely fixes home haircuts gone badly. “People just pick up the scissors and start chopping,” she says. And while it’s true that scissors are potentially more dangerous than clippers, Nicole cautions that an amateur can also do damage with clippers, when loose folds of skin catch on the blades. Holistic veterinarian Dr. Judy Morgan says that one of her biggest pet peeves is when people use scissors on their dogs’ coats. “I sew up too many lacerations,” she says. “People use scissors to cut off mats and lots of times cut too close to skin. I have even done it to my own dogs.” Dr. Morgan has since learned how to groom her own dogs, but nevertheless prefers to drive a two-hour round trip to a professional groomer every six weeks. “They do a much better job than I do,” she says. If you are going to groom your own dog, Dr. Morgan adds that investing in the right grooming tools and learning how to use them correctly are essential. Most vets and groomers are willing to teach you how to use these tools. See sidebar for tips on clipper and scissor safety. Now that I have learned how to use scissors and clippers safely around Blizzard, I plan to continue grooming him on my own. I go slowly and carefully, breaking up the process over several days. Home grooming saves me money, is less stressful for Blizzard, and has become an enjoyable bonding time for both of us.

April/May 2016

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April/May 2016

book reviews

Title: Energy Healing for Animals Author: Joan Ranquet Animals are especially receptive to healing energy modalities, such as Reiki, TTouch, acupressure and others. In her new book Energy Healing for Animals, animal communicator and energy healer Joan Ranquet explores a wide range of holistic and vibrational healing techniques and how you can use some of them at home to enhance your own dog or cat’s well-being. The ﬁrst part of the book goes into fascinating detail on the fundamentals of energy work, including what energy is and how it can be used to heal; how animals sense it; the energy systems of the body, including the chakras; and much more. In the second part, you will learn about all kinds of modalities and what they can do. Discover how bodywork therapies such as massage and Bowen can heal energetically, how nutrition and homeopathy will help shift your animal’s energies, how remedies such as ﬂower essences work, and so on. A great handbook for anyone interested in energy work. Publisher: Sounds True

Title: The Aromatic Dog Author: Nayana Morag If you’re looking for advice on using essential oils, hydrosols and herbal oils to enhance your dog’s health and well-being, The Aromatic Dog is your go-to resource. Written by Nayana Morag, one of the world’s foremost aromatic experts, this new book is a practical, comprehensive guide to caring for your dog with these effective and natural oils, whether you’re dealing with a flea problem or need first aid help. Find out how essential oils and hydrosols can solve simple health and behavior problems, calm your dog’s nerves and reduce stress, help him focus during training, and forge a deeper bond between you. Nayana also offers tips on how to economically create your own aromatic home pharmacy and make your own lotions and potions, and provides profiles on 26 essential oils, eight hydrosols and eight carrier oils. Clearly written and easy to follow, this book is a must for anyone who wants their dog to live a long and healthy life. Publisher: Off the Leash Press, LLC

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classifieds Animal Communicators CAROL SCHULTZ – Animal Communicator. Intuitive Healing Support. Consultations and Energy Balancing for all species. Assistance with end of life, emotional, behavioral, and lost animal concerns. Classes and mentoring available. (815) 531-2850, www.carolschultz.com SHIRLEY SCOTT – Internationally known Animal Communicator & Clairvoyant connects with your pets here or in spirit. She reads emotional/behavior/health problems, provides classes & workshops in animal communication & training. (541) 577-3051, sscott@shirley-scott.com, www.shirley-scott.com

Associations INTERNATIONAL ASS’N OF ANIMAL MASSAGE & BODYWORK/ASS’N OF CANINE WATER THERAPY – Welcome trained practitioners of Animal Massage and Bodywork. The IAAMB/ACWT supports and promotes the practitioners of complementary care for animals through networking, continuing education, website, online referrals, newsletters, insurance, annual educational conferences, lobbying and credentialing of schools. www.IAAMB.org

Books & Publications 1000’s OF DOG BOOKS, DVD’S AND TRAINING TOOLS IN STOCK – Ready to ship. Dogwise has what you want! (800) 776-2665; www.dogwise.com

events

Houston Pet Expo April 9-10, 2016 – Houston, TX You will find tons of exhibitors and demonstrations as well as free nail trims. There will be prize giveaways and live entertainment. You can adopt from one of the many Rescue groups and also learn about pet care, volunteerism, grooming, training and much more! Be sure to check out other Amazing Pet Expo events all year around at www.amazingpetexpos.com For more information: (800) 977-3609 www.houstonpetexpo.com 12th Annual Alive! Expo April 16-17, 2016 – Atlanta, GA Every year Alive! Expo brings together local and national companies that specialize in natural and organic products and foods. You will find alternative practitioners as well as many great retailers showcasing their products including eco-friendly products for the home, pets and the whole family. Alive! Expo is "The Natural Products & Green Living" consumer event and is a fun and exciting weekend for the entire family. For more information: www.aliveexpo.com Healing Touch for Animals® Level 1 Course April 22-24, 2016 – San Diego, CA Introduction to Healing Touch: Friday / 6:00pm - 10:00pm This class is a prerequisite of the Small Animal Class. Small Animal Class: Saturday / 9:00am - 6:00pm This class is a prerequisite of the Large Animal Class. Large Animal Class: Sunday / 9:00am - 6:00pm This class is required in order to apply to become a Healing Touch for Animals® Certified Practitioner. Working with the horses' large energy systems benefits students with greater energetic awareness and a well-rounded experience.

Animal Wellness

Holistic Veterinarians EAST YORK ANIMAL CLINIC HOLISTIC CENTRE – Dr. Paul McCutcheon, Dr. Cindy Kneebone & Dr. Candice Chiu. The first and oldest integrative veterinary clinic in Ontario with over fifty years of service to the community and our collective veterinarian experience of 95 years. We provide a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic methods utilizing the latest research in integrative medicine. Please visit our website to explore our services. www.holisticpetvet.com eyac@holisticpetvet.com (416) 757-3569, 805 O’Connor Drive, Toronto, ON, M4B 2S7 GUELPH ANIMAL HOSPITAL – Offers a full range of conventional veterinary services as well as acupuncture, chiropractic, massage, herbal and nutritional. Dr. Rob Butler is certified in Veterinary Acupuncture and is also trained in Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine. Dr. Smolkin is certified in Animal Chiropractic. By integrating conventional and complementary therapies, treatments can be tailored to the individual’s needs and preferences. Contact Guelph Animal Hospital at (519) 836-2781 or www.quelphvet.com MAIN STREET VETERINARY SERVICES – Our mission is to help guide our animal companions to better health naturally. We provide a variety of veterinary medical services for pets from conventional services to holistic services such as chiropractic or acupuncture care. Our commitment to our patients, high quality customized

medicine and customer service will be evident in all that we do. 2360 Main Street, London, ON N6P 1P9. (519) 203-2000; www.mainstreetvetservices.ca/

Natural Product Retailers PETS GO NATURAL – Safe toys, eco-friendly beds and collars, natural vitamins and supplements, natural, organic and grain-free food. Feel good about what you buy your pet. Go natural! www.petsgonatural.com

Schools & Training PETMASSAGE (FOR DOGS) TRAINING AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE – “Remove Disease from Your Pet’s Body Using Only Your Hands.” Skype and written interview: Jonathan Rudinger with Dr. Karen Becker – Dr. Mercola’s August 2014 Healthy Pets Newsletter: Link on homepage of www.petmassage.com WALKS ‘N’ WAGS PET FIRST AID – National Leaders in Pet First Aid Certification Courses for dogs and cats. Learn preventative skills and practice emergency bandaging with live wiggly pets. Distance Learning also available. www.walksnwags.com or (800) 298-1152

Email your event to: info@animalwellnessmagazine.com Registrations & payments in full must be received and/or postmarked by March 27, 2016, to qualify for the Early Bird Tuition prices. For more information: (760) 644-4123 SanDiego@HealingTouchforAnimals.com www.healingtouchforanimals.com Paws in the Park 2016 April 24, 2016 – Gaithersburg, MD Registration is now open for the Annual Paws in the Park dog walk and festival! The fun-filled afternoon includes a 1-mile walk for dogs and people, pet games, prizes, demos, rescue groups, a “flealess” market with over 50 pet-friendly vendors, food, music and more. For more information: Kathy Dillon (240) 252-2555 kdillon@mchumane.org www.mchumane.org/support/events/paws-in-the-park-2016/ Animal Care Expo 2016 May 11-14, 2016 – Las Vegas, NV This expo is the largest international education conference in the fields of animal care, control, rescue and emergency services. The Expo offers an opportunity to learn new skills and strategies, and network with more than 2,000 animal care experts, professionals and newcomers from around the world. This expo also offers intensive daylong certificate courses and over 55 professional development workshops. You will also find an extensive exhibit hall with more than 150 booths providing all the latest products and services! For more information: (800) 248-EXPO expo@humanesociety.org www.animalsheltering.org/expo

Charlotte Pet Expo May 14-15, 2016 – Charlotte, NC Fabulous Prize Giveaways & Fun for both the Two-Legged AND Four-Legged! Dozens of Rescue Groups and a Mega-Adoption Event, Discounted Vaccinations, Micro-chipping and Heartworm & Flea Preventatives, Free Nail Trims, Agility Demonstrations, Live Entertainment, Obedience Demonstrations, Author Readings/ Book Signings . The Latest & Greatest Pet Products! Learn About Pet Care, Volunteerism, Grooming, Pet Behavior & Training, Traveling with your Pet, How You Can Make a Difference, Different Types of Pets/Breeds, Veterinarian FAQ, Fun Activities for You & Your Pet And MUCH MORE! For more information: (800) 977-3609 www.charlottepetexpo.com Dallas Pet Expo May 21-22, 2016 – Dallas, TX You will find tons of exhibitors and demonstrations as well as free nail trims. There will be prize giveaways and live entertainment. You can adopt from one of the many Rescue groups and also learn about pet care, volunteerism, grooming, training and much more! Be sure to check out other Amazing Pet Expo events all year around at www.amazingpetexpos.com For more information: (800) 977-3609 www.dallaspetexpo.com

depressed? By Linda R. Young

Is there such a thing as doggie depression? After four days without my husband at home, I can honestly say there’s some validity behind this notion. Ask our five-year-old Havanese, Dudley, who has been lying on the bed wrapped around a pair of my husband’s boxer shorts almost the entire time. His eyes look sad and droopy and the majority of his day involves sleeping. He only cheers up when we go out walking. All the vendors in the neighborhood know and adore Dudley and the treats handed out to him seem to perk him up a bit. Even his noise level is at an unprecedented minimum. Ordinarily, passersby think we are harboring a German shepherd or Doberman, to the point where we’ve considered discontinuing the use of our security system. With my husband away, however, Dudley’s barking has been inconsistent and he seems much more discriminatory about who and what he barks at. There doesn’t seem much joy to be had in this activity right now, and even a few barks appear to zap him of all his energy. Afterwards, I find him under the desk in the den, under the dining room table, curled up by the fireplace, or holding up a wall in one of the bedrooms.

tail end

Is Dudley

years, and I tend to be a very open-minded and forward-thinking individual. Yet I can’t seem to wrap my brain around someone with a Freudian accent asking, “So tell me when the problem began, Dudley”, as my dog lies gloomily on a couch. This brings me to the subject of toys. Over the past few days, Dudley has not picked up a single toy. He has deprived himself of all pleasure and subscribed to a life of boredom. If you think this isn’t depression, think again, because I can assure you that Dudley has not signed himself up to become a monk and live in a monastery. The good news is that my husband is due back tomorrow. I can’t wait to watch Dudley make a miraculous recovery as soon as he walks in the door!

One of the more singular highlights of the impact my husband’s absence is having on Dudley happened the other night, when I discovered him humping a pillow. I’m still not sure what that was all about – and yes, he has been fixed! Whatever motivated Dudley to violate the pillow, it took a lot of energy on his part. I turned my back for one minute and heard a loud thump on the floor. Guess who had fallen off the bed? Thank goodness he didn’t hurt himself because I don’t know how to perform doggy CPR or diagnose a canine concussion! I’ve found myself wondering if I should send Dudley to a puppy psychologist. This kind of thing has been in vogue for several April/May 2016

Animal Wellness

feline WELLNESS Hip, cool and healthy!

BREAST

CANCER

IN CATS What you need to know

to help prevent and treat it

Feral cats

â&#x20AC;&#x201C; are TNR programs the answer?

ECO ECO-friendly Litter trays

CITY THE

KITTY

This feline social media star is on a mission to end declawing! April/May 2016

THE

City

By Ann Brightman

This polydactyl cat with the bob tail is a “spokescat” against declawing and uses his social media presence to help spread the message.

His name is City the Kitty. He’s an orange polydactyl cat with a bob tail, and he’s on a mission – to end the inhumane practice of declawing. Thanks to his strong social media presence and legions of fans, he’s doing a fantastic job at getting the word out. City the Kitty first turned up dirty and hungry outside Lori Shepler’s home in 2009. At the time, Lori was reeling from being laid off from her job as staff photographer at the LA Times, a position she’d held for 25 years. But the cat’s plight concerned her. “He kept coming back, so I would feed him,” she says. “At first, I thought he was just lost so I made up some flyers to see if anyone was missing their cat, and took him to the vet to see if he had a microchip. Nothing.”

Feline Wellness

Lori already had a cat, and didn’t want another, but she was worried when no one claimed the scrawny orange stray with the extra toes and bob tail. “After about ten days, I let him in the house. He made himself at home and actually went straight to the litter box.” Still not ready to accept that this orange boy might have his own agenda, Lori starting photographing him and posting the images on her Facebook page to see if anyone would adopt him. “I noticed he was very curious and posed for photos really well,” she says. “Long story short, after a couple of weeks with him, taking lots of photos, I decided I wanted to keep him.”

“It’s been a crazy, amazing adventure so far with City the Kitty,” The next job was to find a name for the newcomer. “He had a short clubbed tail so we thought of using the initials ‘CT’, but that wasn’t easy to say. ‘City’ sounded better, and ‘City the Kitty’ even better.” Lori adds that City the Kitty was somewhat wild and spent most of his first three years with her outdoors. “He is full of adventure and lots of curiosity. The neighbors would always tell me stories of things they saw him doing. One time, City was playing with a lizard in the middle of the street; cars were honking and he just looked up at them as if he owned the street. He would walk on the walls between our homes and tease dogs in their yards.” Though he now lives indoors, City the Kitty is still as curious and mischievous as ever. “I love his sense of wonder, his drive to not leave any stone unturned,” Lori says. “He has so many sides to his personality. Sometimes he’s a brat and will get into bad moods, but he can be also a sweet and loving lap kitty. He gets upset sometimes if I don’t pay attention to him, and will lightly bite my calf when I’m working. He is very chatty and meows quite often.” As a professional photographer, Lori also loves City the Kitty’s willingness to pose for the camera. “He sometimes surprises me at how receptive he is to photoshoots, and seems to welcome them. He seems very smart and intuitive and I think he was guided to me for a reason. He had every single home in the neighborhood to go to, and he chose me – a photographer who could bring his persona and his spirit to life in photos and videos.”

It’s almost as if City the Kitty knew he had a message to share with the world, and that Lori would be the one to help him get it out there. Whatever the case, thanks to Lori’s talents and City the Kitty’s photogenic qualities, he now has hundreds of thousands of fans on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and Pinterest, as well as his own website. “He also has a YouTube channel with hundreds of funny videos and over 2.2 million views.” But it’s about much more than sharing City the Kitty’s antics with the world. Lori also uses his online popularity to support an important cause – raising public awareness of the cruelty of declawing. “I was made aware of the Paw Project (PawProject.org) by one of City the Kitty’s followers,” explains Lori. “I really didn’t know much about declawing and had no idea it was so inhumane and bad for cats. I was appalled to learn that it’s a common procedure in North America, even though it’s banned in most of the rest of the world. Taking on the declawing cause was a no-brainer for City since he has such big paws and thumbs! I introduced myself to Paw Project’s founder, Dr. Jennifer Conrad, and started bringing awareness to this inhumane procedure through City the Kitty’s photos and by sharing information from and about the Paw Project. Thankfully, more and more veterinarians are not performing declawing and are joining the list of humane veterinarians I am compiling on City’s website,” Lori continues. “Many people write us and say they never knew the horrific facts about declawing until they saw City’s page.” Continued on page 92. April/May 2016

Continued from page 91. Despite City the Kitty’s popularity online, he doesn’t do public appearances. He hates car rides, and Lori doesn’t want to subject him to the stress of long trips, either by road or air. “He has been asked to make public appearances in New York, Chicago, and Austin, Texas, but he just doesn’t travel well.” Sticking close to home is especially important now, given that City the Kitty had a health scare this past Christmas. “I was working in the kitchen when he came into the room and was falling over. He eyes were going back and forth like he was having a seizure. We immediately took him to an emergency veterinary clinic; the tests came back normal except an x-ray of his head showed bilateral sclerosis of the petrous temporal bones, which could indicate otitis interna.” It took several weeks for City the Kitty to recover his balance and energy levels, but as of this writing, Lori reports that he’s about 90% back to normal. “It was quite a scary time since he has always been healthy, strong and athletic. But I always had hope that he would get better. He’s a fighter and a survivor.” He’s also an inspiration, both to Lori and his fans and followers. “I’m so appreciative of all of City’s passionate and caring supporters. Not only do they bring us a lot of good energy with their comments and letters of support, but they’re also working hard to personally educate cat owners and spread awareness about the harms of declawing. “It’s been a crazy, amazing adventure so far with City the Kitty,” Lori muses. “I had a great career as a photojournalist, but this is just as rewarding and fulfilling, if not moreso.”

Follow City the Kitty!

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citythekitty.com

pinterest.com/citythekitty

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twitter.com/City_the_ kitty

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Forever Litter Trays By Charlotte Walker

These litter trays combine ease of use with ecological responsibility.

Jack and Stan are the company's "product testers".

ick Weldon and his wife were naturally upset when their cat Junior went missing. Sadly, he was never found, despite the couple’s tireless searching. “To fill the void, we rescued two young cats from the same litter, named Jack and Stan,” says Rick. “Because they were black, and just past the ‘cute little kitten’ stage, we knew their chances of being adopted were slim. Jack definitely ‘chose’ us (as cats do), and they have been a part of our family for ten years.”

the Forever Litter Tray. “They offer cat owners a greener and more cost-effective permanent replacement to ScoopFree and ScoopMaid disposable cardboard cartridges, and are a direct fit replacement for all models of machines that accept those cartridges.” Now a decade old, Rick’s Forever Litter Tray company has customers worldwide. “At present, we sell only via Amazon.com due to their free shipping.”

After their experience with Junior, Rick and his wife decided that Jack and Stan would be strictly indoor cats. Of course, this meant a litter box, and Rick took on the responsibility of cleaning and maintaining it. “In researching a solution to make my life easier, I came across the ScoopFree system, which had rave reviews except for the expensive, leaky and environmentally-wasteful cardboard trays. I decided I could create something better, and started making trays by hand in our garage. Initially, I gave them to friends who had the ScoopFree system, and then put 20 on eBay to see what would happen.”

Rick didn’t stop at making litter trays. Because the system his trays are designed for only uses crystal litters (clumping litters can damage the machinery), he set out to create a litter with just the right absorbency and crystal size. “Just the Crystals was developed to give people an optimal option to go with the Forever Litter Tray,” he says. “During the development process, I learned more than I ever expected about ideal crystal size and absorbency, odor control and how they work. As a result, I feel we've come across the ideal crystal litter formulation – not too large, not too small, with high liquid and odor absorbency – that works well in any litter box.”

Because the trays combine convenience with ecological responsibility, they quickly became popular, and during the next year, Rick found himself making over 2,000 more – all by hand. Realizing he couldn’t keep up with the growing demand on his own, he approached a factory to make the trays for him. “The rest is history,” Rick says, adding that he dubbed his invention

Rick is as enthused about his business today as he was when he started it in 2005. “I enjoy interacting with cat owners, answering questions and providing advice and guidance wherever I can. Through it all, Jack and Stan have been our diligent ‘product testers’. Everything we do has the ‘Jack and Stan’ kitty paw stamp of approval!” April/May 2016

By Nancy Scanlan, DVM, CVA, MS

BREAST CANCER

in cats

Malignant breast tumors are common in felines. Here’s what you need to know about mammary or breast cancer.

Mammary or breast cancer is the third most common cancer in cats. Malignant lumps in the breast of a cat usually start out feeling like small, hard, dried peas. Any lumps you find in your cat’s breast area are a red flag that it’s time for a trip to the veterinarian. As in humans, female cats get breast cancer much more often than males. Cats have eight mammary glands, and the most commonly affected are the inguinal glands at the bottom. Siamese are more likely to get mammary cancer than other breeds, and they tend to develop it earlier, at an average age of nine years. Other cats tend to develop it when they are around 14.

BREAST CANCER SPREADS RAPIDLY In cats, 90% of breast lumps are malignant. They spread rapidly to the nearest lymph nodes and the next breast in the mammary chain, usually on the same side. It usually spreads up or down from there to the rest of the glands, although it occasionally moves over to the other side. Lymph nodes are present up and down the mammary chain. Left untreated, the first tumor will get bigger and eventually break through the skin. These tumors usually outgrow their blood supply fairly rapidly, so there will be some dead tissue in them. Infection sets in and the tumor becomes smelly and full of pus. At the same time, the tumor is spreading, first to the lymph nodes, and then to the chest, brain, bone and spleen. In the chest, the tumor will take up space so there is less room for the lungs. Eventually, the patient will have a hard time breathing.

SURGERY IS OFTEN RECOMMENDED When you visit your veterinarian, he or she will probably recommend blood tests, x-ray studies, surgery and a biopsy. The x-rays will show any cancer that might already be in the chest,

Feline Wellness

as well as whether or not the spleen is enlarged. A kitty with a chest or spleen full of tumors has a much shorter lifespan and will have a harder time in surgery. Doing surgery early in the disease process is important for survival time. Cats with tumors removed when they are less than about ¼” in diameter live an average of four-and-a-half more years. Surgery done when the tumor is more than 1¼” in diameter means a survival rate of six months or less. Surgery can be local or involve all the mammary glands on one side. If there is just one small lump in a breast, especially if that breast is at one end of the chain of glands, then surgery to remove just the one breast can be considered. If the tumor is larger, all the breasts on one side are usually removed, along with the lymph nodes. If the cancer has already spread to the chest, then surgery is not going to help, unless it’s palliative surgery done to relieve the pain and discomfort from tumors that have broken through the skin and become infected. It will make the cat feel better, but will not make a difference in survival. There are some who believe that surgery just spreads the cancer. While this may happen with a tumor that is loosely put together, a feline mammary tumor is tightly packed, and

HOLISTIC HELP • Herbal formulas such as Essiac may be helpful, though are most effective when used in conjunction with surgery. Applying compresses soaked with a liquid solution of Essiac may decrease inflammation in infected tumors that have broken the skin.

• There is no research on the use of fish oil for feline cancer, but it does decrease inflammation. Inflammation creates substances in the body that make it easier for cancer to grow, so fish oil may be helpful.

the entire breast is removed. The tumor spreads through the lymph system, so some cancer cells may be released locally when lymph vessels are cut, but if there are already cancer cells there, then the cancer is already spreading via the lymph system. Early surgery does make a difference.

BIOPSIES DETERMINE TUMOR TYPE When surgery is done, it is wise to also have a biopsy done. Although the tumor will likely turn out to be malignant, there are four main tissue types of mammary cancer, and each can be graded from I to III (see sidebar). By knowing the type and grade, a veterinarian can determine how long the cat may live after surgery, and how soon the tumor will come back.

PREVENT WITH EARLY SPAYING The best way to prevent breast cancer in female cats is early spaying. Having kittens has no effect at all on the incidence of this cancer, so spaying before the first heat is the best time to prevent mammary cancer. • Spayed before the age of six months = 91% less risk of developing breast cancer than intact cats • Spayed before the age of one year = 86% less risk • Spayed between one and two years old = 11% less risk • Spayed after two years old = no reduced risk

4 MAIN TISSUE TYPES OF

MAMMARY CANCER 1 Papillary carcinomas carcinomas – cats with 2 Tubular papillary or tubular carcinomas

survive the longest Anaplastic carcinomas – these kill the fastest. Ductular carcinomas – lie between papillary and anaplastic in terms of aggressiveness Each tissue type has three grades: • Grade I – cats usually survive at least one year after surgery. • Grade II – about 50% of cats survive one year post surgery. • Grade III – patients usually live less than a year after surgery.

3 4

Mammary cancer is serious, but early spaying can help prevent it, while early detection means a better prognosis.

April/May 2016

Most cat lovers have a soft spot for all felines, including the scruffiest, most unfriendly ferals and strays. But many also agree that outdoor free-roaming cats – whether wild and homeless or allowed out unsupervised by their families – can also cause problems. In Part I of this article (Volume 18, Issue 1), we took a detailed look at these problems, which include cat overpopulation, negative impacts on songbirds and other wildlife, and the spread of infectious disease. In this issue, we’ll discuss the pros and cons of TNR programs and look at solutions that work for both the cats and the communities they live in.

feral cat THE

DEBATE – PART 2 By Michael W. Fox, DVM, and Deanna L. Krantz

ARE TRAP-

NEUTERRELEASE (TNR)

PROGRAMS FOR

FERAL CATS THE RIGHT SOLUTION? 96

Feline Wellness

As mentioned in the first part of this article, households with cats should keep their animals indoors and not allow them to freely roam the neighborhood. But what about feral and stray cats, that don’t have homes to go to? Municipal and private animals shelters lack the resources to cope with large influxes of rescued cats and litters of kittens, and with breeding populations of free-roaming cats in their communities, many are now releasing cats back into the community after neutering. This practice is called TNR – trap, neuter and release (or TNVR – trap, neuter, vaccinate and release). Unfortunately, without strict protocols, TNR is regrettably likely to cause more harm than good.

WHAT’S WRONG WITH TNR? Advocates of TNR make the scientifically-undocumented claim that establishing colonies of neutered cats in urban and suburban environments helps reduce the overall cat population. Although the TNR approach is preferable to having thousands of homeless cats euthanized, the truth is that none of these community-based programs have published any peer-reviewed reports to show that they have succeeded in effectively controlling feral cat numbers on any significantly large scale. What actually happens is that other cats will simply move elsewhere to avoid contact and territorial conflicts, giving the false impression that there are fewer cats in a given locale. TNR cat colonies may indirectly help reduce stray and feral breeding populations of cats through competition for the same wildlife food sources. But the continued negative impacts on wildlife and biodiversity (notably the cats’ competition with indigenous predators such as raptors and wild carnivores), as well as the health and well-being of the cats themselves, can exceed the alleged benefits. TNR initiatives can be especially harmful in cases where the cats are not fed daily, or given adequate shelter or veterinary care when needed. TNR cats released into open suburban and urban environments do not have adequate protection

from being injured and killed by traffic, dogs, coyotes or wide-roaming tomcats, and are sometimes shot, trapped or poisoned by property owners. Meanwhile, other people put out food for free-roaming cats with no intent to neuter/rescue them, and in the process facilitate the cats’ multiplication. “Although some cats may do reasonably well in some protected outdoor situations, it is our experience that feral cats suffer more and die sooner than owned and protected cats,” wrote veterinarians Dr. Walter E. Cook and Dr. David A. Jessup in “Common ground for feral cats”, published last year in the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association.

SO WHAT ARE THE ANSWERS? • Drs. Cook and Jessup go on to say that local animal control organizations must put humane options first and place greater emphasis on “stemming the flow of kittens into free-ranging populations through mandatory, enforced spaying and neutering of pet cats, and stronger messages about responsible pet ownership.” • Although many cat lovers support TNR programs in their communities, and go out in all weathers to feed colonies of cats, many other colonies aren’t properly looked after, and the ecological and animal welfare impacts of unfed, unmonitored colonies of released cats from animal shelter/Humane Society operations call for legislative and public education remedies rather than the euthanasia of unadopted cats and the setting up of networks of foster homes and cat sanctuaries/colonies. In addition, indoor-outdoor, complexenvironment, group-housing facilities and closed or “island” cat colonies at some farms, horse barns, warehouses and even prisons are acceptable from a veterinary bioethics perspective, with the proviso that all cats are fed on a daily basis and are rejected as colony members if they test positive for feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia, unless the colony is specifically set up for such afflicted felines. Any solution to the feral cat issue needs to include consideration of the health and wellbeing of the cats, and the protection and conservation of wildlife and public health. For millennia, cats have served societies around the world not just as pest controllers but also as beloved companion animals, relieving loneliness, providing emotional benefits and even saving lives (there have been several cases of cats alerting their sleeping families to the presence of fire in their homes). We surely owe more to them than neutering and releasing them outdoors to fend for themselves. April/May 2016

book reviews

Title: Homer: The Ninth Life of a Blind Wonder Cat Author: Gwen Cooper Nobody wanted the little blind, black kitten. That is, until Gwen Cooper came along. She named her new friend Homer, and he grew into a lovable and feisty cat who tackled life with joie de vivre despite his disability. Gwen was inspired to write a book about him called Homer’s Odyssey, Odyssey which became a bestseller and rocketed Homer to celebrity status. Though Homer made his transition a few years ago at the age of 16, his memory lives on. As a tribute to her beloved feline friend, Gwen recently released a new book called Homer: The Ninth Life of a Blind Wonder Cat. It’s a sequel to Homer’s Odyssey and concludes Homer’s adventures, moving through his senior years, ﬁnal illness and passing, and celebrating his life and the legacy he left behind, including Homer’s Heroes, a rescue community that continues to save animal lives in his name. Publisher: Gwen Cooper (gwencooper.com or hihomer.com)

Title: Walter Chandoha: The Cat Photographer Born in 1920, veteran photographer Walter Chandoha worked in the ﬁeld of commercial animal photographer for over 40 years. His photos of cats have appeared in advertisements and in the pages and on the covers of many magazines over the decades, including National Geographic, Life, and Ladies’ Home Journal. Walter Chandoha: The Cat Photographer is a visual gallery of 50 of his greatest cat portraits, from Siamese to Persians, tabbies to marmalades. The book also includes an interesting interview of Chandoha (who is still going strong in his mid-90s) that explains how he got into cat photography in the 1950s (courtesy of a stray named Loco), and follows the development of his career. He even shares some of his secrets to getting good cat shots! Publisher: Aperture Foundation

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