Hijab

Hijab HiJab Compiled Compiled by Abdulaziz Addwesh Addwesh sins May his parents' sins end his his and Mey Allah forgive his

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Abdul Aziz AztzAddweesh, Abdul Addweesh, 2000 20(X)

King Fahd National Library King Library Cataloging -inPuplication Data Puplieation Addaweesh, Abdulaziz Addaweesh, Abdulaziz bin Muhammad Muhammad Hijab (veil). -- Riyadh.

Hijab 48 P. P. ,,12 17 Cm. 48 12 Xx 17 Cm. 9960-36-626-x ISBN: 9960-36-626-x 1- Hijab Hijab (Islam) 1-

2- Veiling and Unveiling

Title I -- Title 219,1 de dc 219,1 Legal Deposit no. no. 3826/20 3826120 ISBN: 99ffi-36-626-x ISBN: 9960-36-626-x

3826/20 3826120

Book Contents Contents 1.

1. Introduction 2. Definition Definition of the the word Hijab 2.

3. Proofs Proofs of Hijab from of the obligation obligation of Hijab Qur'an 4.

4. Proofs Proofs of the the obligation obligation of Hijab Hijab from Sunnah Sunnah 5. those who legalize legalize 5. Arguments Arguments by those exposing Woman's face face exposing Muslim Woman's 6. Conclusion Conclusion

All All rights reserved reservedfor the Author Author except exceptfor free free distribution without any addition, modification, modification, or deletion deletion to any part of the the book. book

INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION All Praise Praise is is due dueto All to Allah, Allatr, and ffid blessings blessingsand and peacq be be _upon the Messenger peace upon the Mess6ngerof of Allah, AllaTl,His Family, Companions Family, Cdmpanionsand and His ffrs Followers Followers to to the Day Day of Resurrection.

Resurrection. the One of the the major maior issues One issuesin Islam Islam which which many manv have aa lot of arguments Muslims have argumentsabout aboutis is the th'e issue "Hijabu. These issue of "Hijab".

Theie arguments arguments occur occur becauseof of two reasons, because reasons,namely: narnEly:1) 1) the the lack lack cgmpleJeunderstanding g,f complete understanding of of issue and ttris issue of this and the lack lack of of knowledge 2) the knowledseor ignorance rsnoranceof the the EHiiab" proofs of of the the obligation proofs of "Hijab" in the oblieatioJl of the qnd the the Sunnah.

Qur'an Silnnah. In this this booklet, booklet, I Qurlan and tr-pd, with the the help tried, help of of Allah, to put together togetlier these argumenti all these arguments among Muslims on the among 6n the lll issue of "Hijab" issue of gave the "I{iiab" in focus. focus] First, I gave *Hiio"b" in its exact exact definifion definition of of the the word "Hijab" correct correct meaning meaning in the Arabic Laneuase Language and and cited cited some some Ayaat (Verses) (Verses) from theQuFan the Qur'an to show show how Allah SF til the the Almighty uses uses the the word and and thus thus makes makes its meanmg meaning more more clear for the the understaqding understanding of of all Musli-ms.

Muslims. Second, Second, II cited the proofs proofs oflhe of the oblieation obligation of of "Hiiab'| "Hijab" in the Qur'an and and the Sunnah. Third, II listed hsted theSunna'[t. the ploofs proofs - of of those those who claim the legality of of exposing exposing the woman's woman's face face and and theni then, I stited stated 44

the corresponding corresponding explicit answers answers based based on the the Qur'an Qur'an andand the authentic authentic Sunnah Sunnah to disprove their claim. claim. With this presentation, presentation, I disprove hope that Muslims all over over the the world will will hope come to agreement agreement and and unity instead instead of of come if not argument and/or misunderstanding if misunderstaniling arsument aird/or falling into disputes. disputes. After all, Is-lam Islam is a messag~ ihat that calls calls the the whole mankind m~~ind divine messase divinF the worship worshIp of of One One God, God, Allah S# ~ the the to the which includes, Almighty.

Such worship, which includes, worship, Such Almiehty. (iite the obligation obedience the obligation obedi-enieto Allah's Law (like to wear must be be based based women) must wear "Hijab" "Hijab" for women) of on the Qur'an Sunnah and the authentic Sunnah of authbntic and the Qurian be always Prophet Let us always be us Muhammad ;i.

Prophet Muhammad W. guided anic verses versesto guilled with the the following Qur' Qur'anic obey Allah ~ andHis Messenger Messenger~: obey {i#and ffi:

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(Sustainer), "'( But no, Rubb (Sustainer), no, by bv your vour Rubb they they Faith, until - they no Faith, frqie no thsy can can have (O Muhammad you (0 m make judge Muhammad~ mcikeyou #) iudge In aidfind in all dzsputes them,andfind betweenthem, disputei between themselves againstyour resistanceagainst no resistance themselves no vour (theln) decisions, (them) with full accept decisions, and accept full (a:65) submission. " (4:65) submission.

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rs not f9r "It is believer, man man or for a believer, ,uihen woman, when woman, Allah and imd His Messenger have havedecreed Messenger decreeda matter matter that thev should have any shbuld have they anv option ontion in their decision. And whoever decision. whoeverdisobeys frsobevsAllah and His Messenger Messenger he hai indeed he has indeed " (33:36) strayedinto into a plain error. :36) strayed error. "(33 "-{ltsf

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"O you 1'0 who believe! believe!Obey Allah. and ObevAllah, and vou who Jr) obey the Messenger (Muhammad 2b"! render !h9 {esseryger ,(Muham*,od ,M), an6l render and not your deeds. not vain votn your deecls. " (a733) (47:33)

6

Definition Hijab Definitionof Hijab It is every mandalqryfor every clear that is mandatory very clear that it is is very Muslim to the correit correct his/her faith faith ihe fo understand understandhislher way. have authentic authentic way. This means means to have knowledge and Islambased the Qur'an knowledee of Islam basedon on the Qur'an and the rihat Allah the Sunnah that we can can follow what Suniah so so that ~ :i us commandedus andHis Messenger havecommanded Messentrer t!6 and ffi have to do do and refrain ourselves committing and refrain olurselvesfrom committing sins bestway The best way becauseof disobedience. disobedience.The sins because practice Islam to by and practice Islam correctly correctly is bi leam and to learn knowing the l6ast th'e at least knowing and and' understanding understanding at correct Holi Qur'an and the the the Holy meaning of the correct meaning Qur'an and Arabic, Sunnah Muhammad ~ in Arabic, Muhamm-ad-# Sunnahof Prophet PropTret if the Qur'an languageof the if not not learning leaming the the language Qur'an itself. that that no no matter dtatter undErstEnd hafe to to understand itself. We We have put to translate how the translatethe were put much efforts how much efforts were Holy an, the Prophet Sunnah .of Prophet Holy Qur' the Sunnah Our'an, the by- the Muhammad dedu_ctions the right right deductions Muhamm-ad ~ ffi or the of these renown Muslim scholars of these two scholars renown revealed knowledseand andguidance revealedsources sourcesof knowledge suidance [lways Ee errors to be errors lansuasesthere therewill always to other otherlanguages the meanings meaninss misInterpretation of the because because of ofTnisinterpretation contextthat that I tried tri5d of the In this this context is in the words. words. It is word meaning the to meaning of the word to ~ive the real/explicit real/explicit eive the ^If at-the look at meanins we look "Hfiab" "Hzjab" the meaning Arabic. If we 'the in Arabic. (.,1.-=) the dictionar! of the word (y~) in the dictiona~ word "Hijab" "Hiiab" 'woril means "veil', "veil", the word means we leam that we learn that" the 7

(see Al "screen", "Screen", "cover(ing)" Or "curtain" "curtain" (see "cover(ing)" or Mawrid: Mo*dern Arabic Mawrid:- A Modern Arabic English English p. 453).

DictionaA,1992 a53).

Dictionary, 1992p.

The The meaning meaning of the word "Hqab" "Hiiab" becomes of the becomes more clear. clear To mean "co~~~ing' also more to mean "coverind' which which also "veil" as means "veIl" as Allah ~ means Ffmself uses usesthe the dwHimself term. term. As stated the Qur'an stated in the tells l[hftells Qur'an Allah ~ US: us: y/ }vI t-*-. ~0.J [*J ,--lKit ~ t J"" Jl -t ~L)' Dt! L..J ottt ~ "" ~ .Ji Yj ~!~ y Ji ~.J

"It is ,s not given to any anv human human that that Riven to Allah shoula him unless to htm should speak speak to unless(it be) by tnspfration, or tom bv inspiration, be) behinda from behind " (Qur'an (cov:ering)"(Qur Hijah an 42:51) 42:51) Hijali (covering).

From From the the above above verse, verse,. Allah ~ clearly fl# clearly mentions mentions the the word Hijab Hiiab to mean covenns. meancovering.

He makes makes it very very clear cle6r to us us that that no no one one has hi's spoken to Him (Erectly spoken ilirectlv face face to face face while sbeine His face seeing theie was alwavsaa Hijab face but there was always Hiiab (coveTineor veil) between (covering one betweenHim and and the the "one who spoke even fact.'Prophet sp6ke to Him. llim. In fact, Prophet even Prophet ^and ~ Allah's Prophet and Muhanimad ,M Muhammad Messenserto the the whole mankinddid not Messel'!-ger wh?~~ mankind not see see ~. After ~ honored Rter Allah d# Allah tffi. honoredthe the Prophet Prophet gE ~ to have have ascended ascendedto the the highest hiehestHeaven, Hea.ven, privilese-to speak and given and the j)rivilege speak to td siven him the asked one of Himself, Himself, one of his his CompanIons Compan-ions askedhim Allah~.

The following following whether he he has has seen whether seenAllah lHi. The authentic Hadirft Hadith tells us: us: authentic 8

,u JJ~..; it u;, narrated Abi-dhar ., Abi-dhar narrated that he & iI.:P "Did you you asked Allah's Allah's Messenger!if: Meisenger ffi: 'Vid " He (Sustainer)? see your '( Rubb (Sustainer)?" ?if see your Hb H ·d ,- r, (( " I'saw I ze: light. replibd: r!p 0.r... ..i ~0 saw I' Ight. " t-,-" (Reported by Muslim) Muslim) l'cjcAlI~.J .tr (fr said: Aishah{tb 4Jc. Also Also Aishah~ said: "" If anyone If"has anvone tells you vou that Muhammad (Sustainer),he is iii ieen his his Rubb Rilbb (Sustainer), ffi has seen " ,t*!r'o!r-u a'No liar for Allah said: "JL.at $II ~_Li y" liar .for Allah Y" (6:i,03).

'No vision grasp Him' (6: 103). " vision can can v r Him' (Al-Bukhari) (AI-Bukhari) verse. '" in chapter chapter AlAnother verse~ Al-Mutaffifin. ~~taffifin, Another usestfie verse Hljab when v_erse5, Allah Allah ~ the word wordHijab wheri S# uses He He says: says: H

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"Nay! willi;; be No,! Surely su,"Ii*t ffi (evil-doers) 6{iE'"tr$;i - they (coieied/veiled)' Mahjobon (covered/veiled) from Mafriabon from "" (the Day of seeing Rilbb that Day (the sgeihg their Rubb of Judgment). " Judgment)."

In the the above explainshow the the aboveverse verse,Allah ~ tliqexplains (Disbelievers) wifl be Kafiroon fievers) win veiled Kafiroon (Disbe be veiled (covered) from (covered) frbm seeing Note that seeins Allah.

Allah. Note that the the "Mahioboon" A.llah is word is "Mahjoboon" word used used here here by bv Allah which verb "Hajba comes from from- the which comes the verb "Haiba " which means "prevent from means"prevent from seeing". seeing" In another verse,Allah ~ says: anotherverse, iH says: 9

";r*!t-, t:ll Ll'* Jai;lt !;tjJt "i.r=y~ J ~fi Y J.iJf ~.J.:..4 ~f ,o0i a1 ,-* /.;,fA.". ;rU U1.J

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"And when "And recite TrTt when~ou vou (Muhammad) furniir -We you and the betweenyou the Qur'an, Our'an, We put but between those not in the the Hereafter, Hbreafter, believe-not thosVwho believe (veil or covering). an coveriig). " on invisible invisible Hijab !{tjab (veil (Qur'an 17:45) (Qur'an 17:45) 'O The this verse Hiiab in this verse means means '0 The word Hijab Muhammad will not be be seen seen by bv the the Muhammad you vou will Kafiroon when you recitethe the Kafiroon (Disbelievers) Di5believers) when vou recite (17:45\ Qur'an. verse (17:45) above'verse the the the above Irlotethat that the Otir'an. Note was result of the the following following rias revealed revealed as as the the result Prophet~: the Prophet incident of the incident in the the life of ffi: ,n it u;, Jubair,:& ~J/~..J Narrated Narrated Sa'ead Sa'eadbin Jubair~ "When Chapter "When I I I was was revealed, revealed,the ihe Chapter 111 lookins for camelooking/or Abu Lahab wife wife 0/ of Abi Lahab came the he was was slUing sitting Piophet Jj the Prophet M while he ,# sara Baker ~ said with Abu Baker Baker 416. &. Abu Baker prefer you you hide "I prefer hide to Prophet ;W. to the the Prophet ffi, "1 from she is cdmingfor as sne is coming leaveas from her or leave "vou harm ~ou and she might harm you.

The she vou. ""-The -Prophet ineanirlg Prophet ;Jj the meaning of t+highthe of s_aidwhich M said 'There will is translated as: as: 'There will be be a is Translated I. " So, screen she screenset set between betweenher and 1.

So,she " (Reportedby did not ... (Reported Abu not see see him him...

by Abu Ya'ala).

Ya'ala).

In brief, the Qur'an, word brief, as as stated stated in the the word Qur'an, the covei something Hijah Hiiab means from somethinsfrom meansto veil or cover we say beIng others,so when we saytliat so when tEatthe the being seen seenby others, 10 l0

woman must must wear wear Hiiab, Hijab, we mean mean Muslim woman that she must must cover cover her her face face Jo so ai as not to be that she seen men who are are not her her mahram mahram (those (those seen by ' men she forbidden to inarrY marry is forbidden she whom way perrnanently). pennanently). does mean, the the not mean, It does ^some Hijab means some Muslims understand, that that Hiiab means Musfiins understand, -because if covering the woman's woman's hair hair only only because if coverins the only, the Hijab means covering the only, hair ihe coverine woildHiiab means the word In then the Qur'an Qur'an in statedin the when " Allah stated then when chapter that no no one be one will be 51 that 42 verse verse 51 chapter 42 behind Hiiab, Hijab, it spoken except behind bv Allah except snoken to by would will see see His-Fa6e, His Face, they i,vill meari that that they ri'ould mean which incorrect. is absolutely absolutelyincorrect. which is Indeed, has seen world no no one onehas seenAllah this world Indeed, in this Prophet ~.

Moses and and Prophet Prophet Moses Even Prophet $#. Even given the Muhammad hasgiven the whom Allah ~ Muhammad ~ i$dhas W whom privilege did not see the the not see privilege to speak with did to speak world, Almighty. eternalworld, the et~mal However, in the Almighty. However, the Muslim Muslim Believers Believers Allah will reward rewardthe Rllah-~ ffi supreme then the to see Him, which is then the supreme which is to see Him, pleasedwith them them be pleased success Allah will be and Allah successand He said saidin the the Qu'ran: and asHe theywith Him as andthey Qu'ran: " ;sUj I -+J,

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"For those good is "For thosewho who have havedone donegood is the the (reward, i.e. best best (reward, i.e. Paradise) Paradisd' and even even (i.e. more e. having more (i. having the the honor honor of of g.lgnging at the the countenance glancin~ countenance of of Allah)."(10:26) Allah).

(10:26) In line line with the the above above Qur'anic Verse are are Qur'anic Verse Ahadith that that tell us Ahadith us that that Allah ~ will reward reward ds will the righteous rishteousBelievers the Believersthe hishesthonor the highest honorand and privilfre to privilege means He to see seeHis His Face.

Face. This Thi;means He will unveil His (remove his His _ Face Face _(remove unveil or his Hijab Hiiab covering). One covering). these Ahadith One of these Ahadith is is the the following: following: 'Abdullahibn (Abdullah ibn Umar narratedthat Umar narrated that Allah's Messenger Jf ,tr- JI a*r;1af said : J} Messenger ~( .;j:i,t1" ; p( :;j" M said Jl ~ .h J. I J.f.;v u J/li..-e-o.tr- JJ 4.A..c.:.

4,ri JI 4+ ~~fl JS ~ ~.J 4.jl.>.-.Jj.J 4.:'1.:.>.,-b I {Elj I +L* reF 4l ii**.. ~...J.r'

4-le ifJl rtt ~ ..-.1.,, ir J.r...J Jr.t ~! e .Js iJ~ ~ ..iiI ~.J Jl J1 .h.y ~ J i, ..iiI Ui ~ L# +t "(rbu L{; " '(i~l.j ;rbu . ,-*:) W Jj ,J! i~l.i *t "..t>.".1) *t

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"The amonl the "The lowest in station among of inhabitants of will be k"e J:e who - Paradise will gardens, his wives, wives, his bliss, looks at his gardens, bliss, servants, and his couches couches stretchinl his servants, stretching a thousand years' the one wato thousand who vears' journe)!, iournev. and the will be be niost will most hdnored'bv honored by Allah Allah witt will be he who looks at His His face morning and and face mornins " evening.

He rebited, ''Faces then recited, evening,. " on that that "FAces 6n dav wzll will be brisht, lookins their Rubb day bright, looking at their -(Reported" (Sustainqr).-" (Sustainer). " (Reported by Tirmidhi Tirmidhi 5657 and 5657 and Ahmad) 12 12

Proofs of of the the Obligation Obligation of of Hiiah Hijab Proofs For the enlightenment enlightenment of of all Muslims, Muslims, let us us know the concrete concrete proofs proofs from the the Qur'an Sunnah on the the obligation obligatIon of of and the the authentic authentic Sunnah and to try us let First Hijab women.

First us women.

Muslim for Hiiab saysabout fully what what the the Qur'an Qur'an says aDout understand fullv understand us Thdn, women. the req~ired Hijab for women.

Then, let us t{tiab required the proofs from reported Sunnah Sunnah know the the reported from the the proofs the words let the that other words duthentic. In other that are are authentic. guide Messe.nger words ~ His Messenger andHis $sguide words of Allah ~ iH and be must be Islam must us women in Islam how women to how as to us as guidance get divine divine guidance covered. we get wBY,we this way~ covered. In this different our that will unIte our aifferent uirite that for Hiiab for issueof Hijab arguments/positions the issue on the arguments/positionson women. women.

Proofs the Qur'an from the Proofsfrom the Qur' in the said in First an Allah ~ Proof: Allah dtr said First Proof: Qur'an -t-rX.]''-l L-. )/1 !r=*oJl L.-.

0:!~ )/ J 0f->.-)} ~ ) .:.r J~i i f ~ ...:.-L. r-D YJ Yt ~j i'ea"U .,F-rLorT ;;hl11 J+e-it-* a-,-!r"..;-.-.-1;+> " L-;'1\ ~p ~ .:.r-J'?: ~~) 4:-- ~ *:+F--,4:V + 'And tell thetr lowertheir to lower 'And womento believingwomen thebelieving tell the a4d (from looking things)and gaze aTforbidden forbiddenthings) looking at s{ze (from only except off tneir adornment except only not to show adornment ilot to show off their 13 13

(like both that which which isis apparent that apparent(like both exes eves for for necessityto. gloves,head to see necessity theway, see the way,gloves, hea'dcover cover aprgn, etc) o_rapron, etc)and or their veils andto to draw drdwlheir veilsall all over over Juy,ub.ihinna (i.e. their Juyubihinna (i.e. their bodies, bodies, faces, faces,necks, necks, ancl bosoms, bosoms, etc) and etc) and and not not to to reveal reveal their their adornment except adornment gxgept to to their their husbands, husbands,their their fathers, their their husband's hdsband'sfathers, fathers, fathers.their their' sons, so"i. their husband's husband'ssons, sons,their their their brothers, brothers.or or their theii brother's sons, sons,or brother's their sister's or.their sister'ssons, sons,their theii (Muslim) women (i.e. their women (i.e.

(Muslim) their sisters sistersin Islam) islam) (female)slaves or the the (female) slaveswhom or whom their their right rieht hands hands posses,or or old old male maleservants posses, vigour, servantswho who lack lacJ< viqour. br small small children children who or who have have no no sense senseof oTthe thd shame of sex. sex. And let let them shame them not not stamp stamptheir their feet so so as as to to reveal reveal what feet what they they hide hide of dt their tneii adornment. you beq beg Allah to adornment. And all all of you forgive J,qu,^a]l..9 forgive you all, 0 believers that you may be be believei'sthat y"oumay successful' (24:31). successful' (24:31). the above above verse, In the verse, there there are are three three proofs nroofs of the of the obligation obligation of of Hijab (covering (covenng the the woman's woman's faEe): face): .• A) Allah's saying: saying: If

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... J ""And And n ot ttoo'show ;:, H #,t not off their adornment :,'r"Tai, r*"i"t i,,,

except apparen. ""Here except only that which is apparen.

Here Allah forbids forbids the the women women to dhow Show off off their adornment adornment absolutely absolutely except except that that which which is is apparent, apparent, - such such as as their their -oUlei outer clothes, clothes, this this is is the tlie translation translation of of Abdullah Abdullah bin bin Mas'aud Mas' aud l14 4

4jc o\...lc 4!l ~I (#J ~.J of of this this verse. verse. Also, looking at this verse. verse, (( see that that Allah stated stated we see this "~~ L.a !t ";1\ " "Except "Except only that which is "ta..'"

-t+J.iapparent:'" and and st~te He did not state apparent (' "Except "~ o;*-Li u~\ \l..A T) ";I~" whIch only that which "'1*j* they exoose"' expose'" because because what what is IS exposed exposed is thev you but what something cannot hide what hide cannot soriethihg you can hide is under your control, you can hide appears control, rs undervour aDDears yoi it if you do so and you can show it can show and wish do so to if if vou show off if you wish; so, woman can show can only womari off if vou wish: so. off because they they cannot cannot ilothes because outerclothes thdir outer off their hide them even if they wish. wish. if they even hide them â&#x20AC;˘r B) Allah's saying: Allah's saying: "~~~Ul\~LH~J

"And to "And veils all over their tirfr,fu*,f#;r"f;ti to draw drawtheir body, neclcs." The woman's veil bodv, face face and necks." if she so if she is is her head, head, so over her sheputs is what she nuts over ordered over her body diaw her her veil all over ordered to draw the toes, toeS, head ending ending at the starting the head startins from the of her firIt part of then will be be the the first face will h"er face then her common is common body covered. Also it is be covered. bodv to be the woman is her beauty of of t~~ sense that the the beauty sende that the co-mmandthe face, d# command face, so so how would Allah ~ her body to over her woman her veil over draw her to draw woman to at her beauty beauty prevent others from looking at nrevent others her to tb will permit her He win and time He sametime the same hnd at at the is logically logicallY This IS expose face? This her face? expose her senseless.

SENSCIESS. â&#x20AC;˘. C) saying Allah'ssaying C) Allah's l5 15

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"And let them not stamp their feet so as to reveal what what they reveal thevhide hideojtheir oTtheir adornment. itdornment."" pre-Islamic period, period. women During the the pre-IslamIc During women used to to wear wearanklets used ankletsand andtiley thevwould woirld stamR stamn groundto their feet feeton their on the the ground to develop developaa souna soun^d their anklets with their anklefs in order order to to attract attract the the attention of men attention men, so so Allah ~ made it d6 made forbidden on forbidden on Muslim Muslim women womento to do do this this act act If women women are .. If are forbidden forbiddento to stamp stamptheir their ground to feet on on the feet the ground to avoid avoid infatuating infatuatins men, then then how men, how about aboutexposing exposingtheir their face? face?

So which which is is more So more attractive attractiveto to men, ilren.to hear hear the sound sound of the the anklets the anklets or to see see the the woman's face? face? Obviously woman's Obviouslythe the face faceof the of the woman is is more woman more attractive. attractive. Given Given this this reality, how possibleto pennit pennit how could re'ality, could it be be Qossible women to expose expose their women where at at the the their faces faceswhere same time th.ey are forbidden same time they are stamp their forbiddento stamp feet?. This This is aa very feet? very clear clear proof that that the the woman's face t-acemustwoman's must be be covrired covered whenever whenever strangemen strange men or non-mahram non-mahrarp. are are present. present.

SecondProoft Second Proof: Allah said said in the the Qur'an Qur'an -LJi ill~ ;a.*1* ~~ .f J .:sJr ~ .,qr+ L.J:i--4 ;-$1 ~ jl\ rt*i; ~L.;) *q, I.!J;~) J-*t;; &\)j Y 'Y J..,\.i #t ~\ ta.i ~i tl,"" ""L....:?l * J,l IJ? tf j) P . ji.~ j,( )\j :} f i ji 3rf -.:pi )b rr* ,i rlluI JjL) !_ j r+ .ri

"-O'wo'men prophet!

"0 prophet! Tgll Tell y'o|i'wives, your wives, Ad';ihriis", daughters,'their and "ila the the women of of tlie the believers believers to Zraw araw their cloaks (veils or or coverings) all all over over their their bodies (i.e. (i. e. screen themle'lves themselves comnletelv completely except the eyes eyes orcf: or one eye to see see th'ewayJ. the way).

16

That will will be better better that thev they should be lcnown known That to be (as free respectable women) so as be so not a.T womld fus free respectable annoyed.

And Allah is Ever Evdr Oft-Forgiving, rs Allah And annbved.

-of ttTe Most Merciful.

Mercif!'ll. "'(33:59).The "'(33:59).The pdrpose pUrPose oftfie Mosi revelation of of this versei verse is thdt that th^e Hie women women at revelation AIthe Prophet's Prophet's time used used to walk outside outside Althe Madinah when when thev they had had to answer answer the the call of of Madinah nature because because they they did not have have restrooms restrooms in nature homes andand there there were were some some wrongtheir homes doers used to follow the the women women slaves slaves doers who used when they walk outside outside the the town to answer answer when they nature and and harass harass them. them. There There were were the of nature the call of the harass cases, they would harass the tl]ey howevel,. were cases,however, WQre were slaves, free they were slaves so so thinking thdy women thinking free 'Ygmen commandthe Allah ~ the this verse verle to command revealedthIS fl# revealed the believipg Prophet's and believing andthe daughters, wives,daughters, Prophet'swives, be rn order order to be women cover themselves themselvesin women to cover women. Ibn distinguished the slaves slaves women. from the distineuished from verse: this verse: regarding this ;ur.-* , said KatheIr said r_~arding KatheTr_.. ,~\~) Melsenger ~ to "Allah comm-andedHis Messenger "Allah ~ $# commanded Wlo His especiallyHis women especIally order believing women the believing order the draw to draw horiour,to their honour, wives for their daughters-for wives and anddaughters distinguished be distinguished cloaks to be thdmselves to on themselves cloaks on women and women women and from non-Muslim women the non-Muslim from the (cloak) the means "Jilbab" slave."

The word "Jilbab" (cloak) means the slave." The word (vashmak\, to according veil cover over the veil (yash,nak), according to cover over the lbn of'Qur'an: the following translators of Qur'an: Ibn transldtors the followins i;u' ,et, Obidah, Mas'aud Obidah,Qatadah, Mas'aud ~~\~)' Qatadah,AlIbrahim Jub-air, bin Jubair, Hasan Ibrahim Si'eid bin Al-Basreyl Sa'eid HasanAI-Basrey, Anna'kahy, Atta AI-Kahrasany.

Al-Kahrasany. andAtta Anna'kahy,and T7 17

NarratedAlli Narrated Alli bin bin Aby Abv Talhah, Talhah,that thatIbn Ibn abbas abbas said "Allah " Allah ~ said has commanded the has ccimmanded thebelieving dW believins women when when they women they leave leave their their houses houses for for aE necessity necessity to their faces. to cover coveriheir faces.Mohammad Mohammadbin bin (agreat Sealqengreatscholar) Seareen (a said, II asked scholar) said, askedObidah Obidah ' As-SlmanyAs-Slmany about about the the meaning meairineof Allah's Allah's saying "66~)\:>..

(Draritheir saying i f ~ J:i-4 their cloaks cloaks :qb t u* *+ "" (Draw all over ofer their tH6irbodies), all so face bbdies), sohe tiJcovered iou"i*ahis histil; and head head while while eXRosing and Also exposinghis his left left eye. eye.Also many Muslim Muslim scholars many schdlarssuch Suchas as Abu Abu Baker Baker (diedon Arrazy (died Arrazy on 370H), 370H).Emmad EmmadAd-Deen Ad-DeenAt(diedon (died Tabri-(died Tabri Imam AI-Bagawi 516H)Tmam on 516H) Al-Bagawi(died on 516H), 5 l6H), Ibn Ibn AI-Jawzy Al-Jawzv in his on hiT Tafseer Talseer (explanatiijn) of Qur'an (died on (exRlanation) on 597H), 597m.

Qur'an (died (diedon Sheikh AI-Islam Al-Islam ibn ibri Taymiah Sheikh Taymidh(died 728FIi on 728H) and many many other otherscholars scholarssaid and meaning of of saidthe ihe meaninq this verse verse is is for the this her face the woman womanto cover coverher lace when non-mahram non-mahram men when men are present. With all arepresent. these proofs, proofs, we we _ see seetha^t of these that this verse, with this verse, no doubt, doubt-, meins no means that that the the Muslim woman woman wear aa Hiiab must wear must Hijab (coverins (covering or veil) veil) so so as as to coverher wholebody cover her whole body from from hEad head to toes. toes.

Third Prooft Third Proof: Allah lk ~ said said in the the Qur'an Qur' an .-. ",'*J .-s.-JL i .rt-,-cl LeH. #; ..J #J *Li 5J: r r ,^ J'uJ "~}j) ~}AJ R rSJ) y~ "I)) i f If')W ~~ If' '(the ~L tjr\)1), n,aid 'whbn'-you 'And when you ask ask ihEni them (the pVcinhet;i Prophet's u,ttiye.s) for _gny1hiytg any.thing you yvant,.' want, ask ask therh them from from wives) ,for pure behiidpure lor for vour }lour behind a Hiiab Hijab (veil). (veil). That That is '(33 hearts and for iheii" their hearts. hearts. "" (33 :53 :53)) Tnis This hearts and" verse, verse, which which was was revealed revealed in the the fifth vear year after after Hijrah, tells tells us us that that Hiiab Hijab means means 1188

covering allall parts. parts of of the. the bodY body lncluding including 1pe the covering the face and there is no dispute between the between dispute is no face afr'd there tbe scholars that this verse means covering the covering means verse this sitrbtars that the of the body.

But the face with the rest the of rest the face with .body. . Ftt dispute about one one issue issue whether whether this this verse verse is about -iestiicied dispute ofthe the Prophet Prophet is restricted only to the wives wives of ~? Or is it it for all an MusUm Muslim womeq? women? Imam AtAtXt of the Qur'an Tabri, the greatest greatest Scholar Scholar of fabri(made scholarly scholarly corrmentaries/explanations commentaries/explanations [mad6 of t[; the Ouf'an) Qur'an) ttated stated in his Book BooK of of Tafser Tafser bT regarding this this verse verse "When you ask ask the the resaiainE Prophet's wives and and tlre the believing believing women women Pr"ophet'E wives your wives, whom wives, ask ask them diem from ate not ~our wli6m are behind ab (veit) veil) and enter their their do not enter and do hiiab Uehin6 at hij homes ey are the house house (while tthey inside the are inside fiomes (whIle their your hearts pur6rfor your hearts.and alone), this and their is purer this is iloii;i, not is which hearts".

So this verse is a rule, which is not a rulg, is ft;rtd". So this verse ptopti-.t'= all but only for the Prophet's wives only but for all wives f;i^ th; verse aftd (33:5?)

(33:53) and verse Muslim women.

This verse verse This futlrti* woifien. in v~rse verse is, in (33:59) that i~, relation,that (33: 59) have:.,one have one rel~tion, r:1,. *t.s) 33 :53 Allah ~ stated yl.:o:c-1'1)) if;f')W J" r-:lt".rr.'-t r-Jl;.,*.sJLb1) 3l:Sl Allah $lsstated means verse this "'( the scholars agreed that tli.is verse means that agreed the scholars their cover their must cover that wives must Prophe"t'swives t[a- Prophet's that- the 33:59 verse in and 33 :59 bodies including the faces and in verse faces the 6oaieJ-lncludng Allah ~ stated : :stated Atlatr {H II~")G,. ".r{*}*

'Y ):.'jtr-u', :r. ~ 0:i~ ~ &~ )-r~\)j 'i Ji ~\ 4-!\ y C:-+,i-t' i(.J*:f+ â&#x201A;ŹitlpI I'\......J *]l;,},i

\*'lves, htswives, tell his to tell commanaing ~ P_roplel the Prophet iHto commandingthe to cover women daughters, and the believing women to cover believing dauehters,End the we could point how themselves.

The point here is, how could we here-is, -in The thetffi;ivds. that the means it say that in verse 33: 53 it means that the 33:53 vers'e *t^-t[at 19 19

Prophet's wives Prophet's wivesmust mustcover covertheir theirfaces facesand andin in verSe33 33:59 :59 itit means verse meansthey theyhave haveto to cover covertheir their bodie_s excepttheir bodies except theirfaces facesand 6ndthe thehands? liandrf If f we wi say this, thi.r,then thehwe say means we mean meanthat thatthe theQur'an means eur'an g4e thing rhryg in ln one one one verse verse and and means means another another thing in in other thing other verse verse where where both both verses verses concern the the same concern same rule. rule. To To confine confine our our interpretationof interPretation of the the said saidverses versesin in this irriskind ki"a of oi thinking is is absolutely thinKing absolutely wrong wrong because becausethe the versesIn in the the Qur' verses an confirm each Eachother otherand and Qur'anbonfirm not to to contradict contradict-each not each other. other.

Prooft Allah ~ Fourth Proof: saidin the iH said the Qur'an: eur'an: .:,r4L-.; ~ -:>i C b JAt'j in-+,,''i Cg

f.".* -:>.Y"".rd:*t- 'Y glJr ~w\ .:..~ ,~ l>~ :1 <)~\ ..Is-1."A}1 )_9 rL*Jt .r ;+Jr.*U ;,.rrtrill

"f1e oirl)J .:,.---A "r---:# ~ .\ill -:>i ~ p&g.-l. ri ),.u~y.y. .,;.,>\>,. olo.-,s F ~ t#ua,--J ?

-women .p "-And as'for pastVltla HAnd as for women past child bearing b-eaitns(and i"ia do not have haue monthly monthly period) period) who do who do' do not expect -wed-lock, they expect wed-lock, it /'i is ito no sin bn on them them ifif thiv discard their (outer) (quter) clothing in suchh discard such a wdv way qs not to show as show their adornmeit. adornment. But to refra{n refrazn (pot tg (not to discard their outer ctothiis) clothinfl) is 6"iiii better [or them... them. .4nd And Allah rs is A!1, All I{earer, I1earer, AII All lor Knower.

Knower. "" (2a:60) (24:60) The The proof in this this verie. verse, is that Allah dH ~ had had negated negated the the sin on the the old women women (those (those who had haa past past childbearins childbearing as; age and have have no attraction attraction to men) men) ififthev they diScald discard 4nd their outer clothes clothes under under the' the conoitmn condItion th;t that th"y they do do .not not ,show show their their tdomment. adornment. lt-id It is obvious obvious that that the the meaning meaning of of this this verse verse is is to to discqd discard the the outer outer clothine clothIng bui but not not litall tti* the clothing clothing because because she she will will ae be n"de. nude. So So ili; the

20 20

elderly women women can can expose expose their their faces faces and and elderlv are hands (in the presence of men who are who men of presence (itt the handi ifif wish but non-mahram) if they wish but stranger or they if nan-lmahram\ or stranser they "refrain refrain on showine showing fheir their facbs faces itit is is better better thev when for them. Imam At-Tdbri At-Tabri stated, stated, when Allah Allah for'them.

'It on no sin is " ~ said"...:r4L; ~ ~i c' L :..>. ~ ~ " 'It no oi ";"{U;.-ar said rv t+b.r-$ 1l# them ifif -they-.disca:rd they .discar~ "iheir their outer out~r clothing', clothi!1g', ilit i6em means therd there ls IS no sln SU1 on them them ifif they discard discard means (abaya). Also their veils veils and and their ~owns sowns (abaia)tlieir Imam Abu Ya'ala saif,In said-"In this verse verse there there is a- proof that that it is permissible permissible fol for the, the elderly elderly hands in the women to expose expose tneir faces and hands the and faces their wdmen ^men presence their hair because because it nresenceof men but not their is forbidden forbidden on as it is forbidden them as forbidden on them young Baaz Abdulaziz,bin Baaz Sheikh Abdulaziz women." Sheikh vouns women." informs that said regarding this that verse"Allah informs this verse 6aid Tesardine interest the interest the arenot in the w-omenwho are eld6rlv women the elderly are not age)are (becauseof of marriage their old age) of their marria'ge(because removlng fbr to be counted for misdemeanor for removing to be couEtedfor misdemeanor (coveringsor their veils) off of f theIr their or veils) clothes (coverings their clothes they are as Tong faces and hands as 10n& as they are not as faces and hands to is clear .

So exposing their adornments .

So it clear to eiposine their adornmentso elderly point the that unaerstand from this point that the elderly this unfiista"nd from faces their faces exposetheir women to expose allowedto areallowed who are women who not by modesty and hands must still observe modesty by not observe still must hands and noted be must It exposing their adornments.

It must be noted adornments. their einosins. observe ~ them to that encouraged.them hasencouraged Alfah itiort-AITah d* has lo observe which bodies Their Hijab (full covering of their bodies which of tovering Uii"U ffutl He ~ whenHe faces)when tk includes their faces) oTtheir coverins of in6tuOedcovering (nOt refrAin tO ,r, "B?,lt says: 'po>~ ~i) " "But to refrain (not to lO SayS: ~ otI-.-,-,i1" ,---A betterfor ctothing)ISr"sbetter discard their outer outer clothing) friiarFtheir It

2l 21

them." If If Allah them."

Allah- ~ has encouraged encouragedelderly elderly Strhas (who by women (who women by nature nature do do not ilot appear aDDear attractiveto attractive veils to men) men)-not not to to remove removetheir their^veils (covering) from (covering) their faces, from'their faces,so so how how about about young and andpretty prettywomen? young women?

Proofsfrom from the Proofs the Authentic AuthenticSunnah Sunnah Proof: Aishah "May Allah First Proof: ~ said: Aishaht*, said: "May bestow His His Mercy Mercy ~ gn on the the early bestow earlv e"!!grant dmisrant "7rA/ women when when Allah revealed," women t.tt revealed, ;/(-41 J, $# 't 'They .;r-4~ ~~? " 'They should cover (draw should cover F-,* ,-b -Fr+ ftrd* veils over) over) their bodies, their veils their bodies,faces, itecks, 'Qa:3.1) faces, necks, qryd bosoms,' bosoms,' (24:31) and they iliey tore to're their theii" MSryts ( a woolen woo'lendress, Muruts dress,or a waist waist -binding cloth or or an apron, etc.) and cloth and covered covered thelr their " (Reportedby thbsetorn torn Muruts. faces with those Muruts. "(Reported fage_s Al-Bukhari).

AI-Bukhari).

"Aisha Safiya bint Shaiba Safiya ~. narrated narrated that that "Aisha Shaiba W, ,, "Whery used to say: ~ ar .JJ/~.J used say: "When the verse: ..;r...r4l W the verse; s;t *t,;J,J 'Thby (draw-thdtr "~~pjA? cover (draw their should Cover ---1;x* ek ;,,4 'They -bodies, veils over) their bodies, faces, neCKS, necks. and faces, ' bosoms I ) was reiealed, bosoms (24:3 (24:31)' revealed, (the ladies) 'edges cut cut their their waist sheets sheets _at at the edges and and covered their their heads heads and andfaces with those those cut faces with piege.s. pieces of ot cloth..," cloth." (Reported (Reported by Al-Bukhari AI-Bukhari -and and Abu Abu Dawud).

The above above quoted quoted authentic authentic AHadith actually actuallv tell us us how Muslim women women at the the time time of of thb the II

22 22

Prophet #ri obeved obeyed Allah Allah dE ~ and and subsequentlv subsequently Pronhet Hiiab.'If implemented ttie tIie oblieation obligation of Hijab.

If this thIS of imolemenied -meaning verse has has a different meaning to it, then then the veise b (one Prophet W ri or at least least Aishah-E Aishah~ (one of of the Prophet Mothers of of the the Believers) Believers) wciuld would have have Moihers informed or corrected corrected them them of of the real real informed of Hiiab.

Hijab. interpretation of interpretation Second Proof: Proof: The The Prophet Prophet # ~ said said"" ,r.r;i/' ~)Y oi)\ "" Second part, one "The woman "The woman is awrah (private (private part, one who who is awrah "^(Reported by is fprbidden be eX.R0sed). " (Reported expbsed). be to rs forbidden .is authentib At-Tirmithi and dn authentic said it is an and saId At"-Tirmithi said Hadith).

Sheikh At-Towaigry said Hamoud At-Towaigrv Hadith).

Sheikh Hamoud 'Hadith paft5 proves bf the that that all parts of the "This Hadith proves ^is 'awrah' (private,not not to be be woman's body is 'awrah' (private, woman's body are not who are to men seen or ~xposed) meii who exposed) seen 'mahram' (Mahram (Mahrammeans is whom she sheis thosewhom 'mahram' meansthose permanently.See 23 Ch Ch forbidden SeeV 23 marry permanently. tb marry forbiddento every faceand andevery her face 4 ) to her, iircludesher her, this this includes Imam thatImam body". It was part reportedthat wasrel?0rted her'body". oart of her nail woman'snail ihe woman's Ahmed bin said" the Hambal said" hhmed bin Hambal 'awrah' she home,she is and leavesher her home, sheleaves whenshe andwhen is 'awrah' part of her not body,not her body, must any part exposeany not expose must not deicribe even the the shoes shoesdescribe bec-aube her shoes shoes.because even her put aa button preferthat button sheput the and thatshe andI afso alsoprefer feet.'sleeve the feet, part no p~rt of on her sleeve at her hand, so that no so that at her hand, on her Alher body will be seen by others."

Sheikh AIoihers."

Sheikh bv her bodv will be seen said Ahmedsaid Islam bIn Taymiah said"Imam "fmamAhmed Taymiah said Islam 'Evervbin even awrah is an 'Even' part of the woman is an awrah even woman the cif Dart alsosaid said her '" Sheikh Al-Islamalso SheikhAI-Islam nails."' finger nails. her finger 23 23

is also alsothe "6sthis thechoice (whatImam choice(what ImamAhmed Ahmed lhis is said)of of Imam ImamMalik." said) Malik."

Third Proof: Proof: Third Narrated Narrated Ibn Ibn Vmar Umar ~ W Allah's Messenger Messenger;Ji Allah's said: said: M

uif'

&-

"A woman w,oman "A who "':}-:~r;: 'jh;~~ who istr" r# ~~~k' !r;i"t'#tr;; ($triyg, Hajj Halj. or .Umrph) (during Umrah) must not wear must ngt" wear a nLqao (covering the niqab the face except the eyes) eves)or Govermg lace exceptthe g!.ove.s. "" (Reported (Repoftedby gJoves.

Atby-AI-Bukhari, Al-Bukh'ari,Malik, Ma[ik,'At_ Tirmidai,' Abu Abu Dawood, Tirmidai) and Ahmed).

Abu Daw"ood.;nd Ahm;a).--'Ab; Baker bIn bin AI-Arabi Al-Arabi said Baker said "c( In the the Hadith ttridtth of of IJmar, when the Ibn Vmar, when the Prophet ~ said (;i)\ ~ \1) Prophet (;i,rr.-", said v) # IQ" 'the woman rnust 'the woman must not that iS is not- wear wear niqab' nigqli' that because covering covering the because is the woman's womad's face faCe i; o-blig-atoryon on every every woman obligatory woman who is noi not elderly except except in Hgjj elderly Hajj (u^f, (and when when praying praying wnere no no man man wno where who ls is not her her mahram mahram sees sees her)". her)".

Fourth Prooft Proof: 'Aishah 'Aishah W ~ said: said: "Men "Men on passby us camels us while we were with camels used used to pass the ~ and in zn the the state state of ofihram.

We the Prophet Prophet ffithram. We would Eover cover our faces gowns when when faceswith our "sowns they they passed passed by u3, us, and then then ufrcover uncover them them (Reported agaii. bv (Reported

by Abu Abu Daw'ud and and Ibn Ibn flgain."" 'Ata, ^ Majah) Majah) 'Ata Malik, AthThawri, AthThawri, Ash-Shaf Ash-Shafi'i, i.

Ahmad, Ahmad, and Ishaq Ishaq hold hold that that itit is is permissibld permissible 24 24

for women women to cover cover their faces faces in the state state of of ihranl.

(Fiqh us Sunnah 5.49) (Fiqh 5.49) us Sunnah ihram.

Fron1 the the mentioned mentioned two Hadiths Hadiths itit is very Fronr woman Hajj the woman should draw d.raw clear that that during during Haiithe should clear part her''kifrar' kimar' lpiece (piece of of clothes) clothes) over her part of of her head and and face face so so a*s as to avoid avoid beine being seen seen by py head men are not her mahram. Alio Also Sheikh Sheikh her mahram. men who are AI-Islam bin Taymiah Taymiah said: said: "This is a proof Al-Islam gloves that niqab and gloves were women were known to women that niqab and which of Ihram who were not on the state of lhram state 5n the wdre And coverin,,& their faces and hands". requires hands". and faces their reouirescovering in the ~'l nere are two opinions the he also said: opinions "There are he'also said: ^ bin Ahmed of thought of Imam Ahmed school Imam of of thought school facewhile she she Hanbal woman's face res,arding-the Hanbal regarding -state the woman's one it is is of Ihram: first one lhram: the the first is on on the the state 6f (while on of stateof like on the the state man's head head (while the man's like the the the second, second,the Ihram) covered,the be covered, not be Ihram\ it must mustnot (while woman's man's-body body (while is like like the the man's face is womah's face his cbverhis must cover man must on the man lhram, the stateof Ihram, the state on the any clothes clothesthat that fits wear any body but canrrotwear he cannot but he bodv havebeen been that have on. clothei that words clothes other words on. " In other pants, parts like sewed like pants, body parts the body to fit on on the sewed to ^ cannbt be be covered coveredwith shirt, etc.) rvhere it cannot etc.) \vhere shirt. 'nighb' this body,this to fit the the body, 'niqab' which was made rnadeto which was (the second the'nigab' correbtone one is the one) is opinion correct secondone) opiirion (the and madethe' the niqab' because the and Prophet~ the Prophet b^ecause #t made -used to women used to and women the torbidden and the gloves sloves forbidden that with something faces draw something that their faces on their draw- on (while on state on the thd state covers hands(while faceand andhands the face covers the piece a wearing r,vithout of but vvithout wearing a piece of lhram) but of Ihram) 25 25

part of the cloth cloth that that fits fits on the part on the the body, body, as as it is is (duiine the same for men (during Ihram) they cannot the samefor men lhram\ thev cannot (or any pants ~r pieile of croth wear pants any Riece cloth ihat that fits wear fits aim saia: ~ on)".

Ibn AIon)". Ibn Al-Qaim sai'rt:"When "When the the Prophet Prophet fgg made den on mdde it forbi forbidden on women womento to wear'niqab" wear 'niqab" and tn Hadith Hadith narrated and gloves nanatedby bv Ibn Umar, slovesin Um-ar.it -proof the woman's face is is is aa proof that the woman's that faceis like the the (durine Ihram) man's man'S body bodv (during lhram\ not not the the same sameas as (du-ringIhram). the bead (during the man's man'shehd lhram). Therefore, Therefore,it is forbidden forbiddenon is that on women womei to wear wedr anything anythins that 'n"iqab' was made was as 'niqab' made to to fit on on the facesuch the face such-as whereas on whereas on the the other other hand handit is not not forbidden forbidden (veil) her to to cover on 'Jilbab' (veil) on her coverher facewith aa'Jilbab' her face somethingalike. or something alike. It has hasnot not been repbrted beenreported that the the Prophet that Prophet ~ had said saideven evenone letter ond letter # had regardins die the obligation regarding oblieation of exposing exposins the the ". He wdman's- face woman's also said faceduring durin-gIhram. lhram. ".

He^also iaid " can it be How can woman to be forbIdden forbTddenon on the the woman her face cover was cover her face and sametime andat at the the same time she shewas commanded by Allah that she must draw her commanded bv that she must draw her 'Jilbab' (veil), (veil). so 'Jilbab' not be who will she so who she not be known?".'Ibn'-Haier reportedin 'Fatah known?".

Ibn Hajer reported 'Fatah AlAIthat Ibn AIAl-Munther "Thev (the Bari' that Munther said (the said "They asreed that the woman scholars) agreed that the woman auring scholars) duiins ' 'Ihram' can (stitched)clothes can-wear 'Ihram' wear sewn clothes and and sewn(stitched) and she her head shoes, head and and her hair shoes.and she covers covers her her hair her face faceshe shemust excepiher mustdraw draw a piece of cloth cloth except piece of cover it from from non-mahram. norL-mahiam. over'it over it to cover

26 26

Fifth Proof: Proof: Narrated Narrated Ibn Ibn Ljmar Vmar {#, ~ Allah's Allah's Fifth Messenger;:J! said Messenger ffi said ',o:.,'" ~~: a*L :LJ....,r!..:..JLi.i ~L;..ijlrfi 4.)j A' j/~t?~ ,b *4.;f¡J'>'-Y" h./ f., +J/ fi.-lU " a.dt t-* -t-+.rr ,--tt : ~Y) " : JL; JIi r4-tti[ ~/.J.i( .il-* ~ Ei fjJ : c)a e-J1i "|n) lilY ,r-rt," ~..;d :rJLi :JIi :3 ;l;,tl Yfi.i; ?L-.:JI "L-Jt ''J.).r---: y L->:-0 j II

II:

II

"On the Day HO n the Day of ofResurrection, Allah l,ffi;| will not Resu*ection,';Ti;i look at the i,ne one who trails his loincloth out of of (Jmm what W arrogance' Umm Salamah ~ asked: asked: Salamah arrosance' of their should women women do with the hem hem of shou1d "They ma)' lower"them clothes? He HF # said-' said: "Thet., may lower them a clothes? hand's snan.-;' span. " she she said; said: ''But But their theirleet feet would hand's "Let them them said "Let still exposed." He 1! stilt remain exposed.

M said lower those length but not equal to an arm's length those equal " (Reportedby Abu-Dawood, more than that "(Reported than that. and At-Tirmidhi, Imain Ahmed, Ahmed, and An-]risiai, Imam At-Tirmidhi. An-Nssai, At-Tirmidhi authentic). said this this Hadith is authentic).

At-Tirmidhi' said there Hadith, there Imam At-Tinnidhi "In this Hadith said: "In At-Tirrnidhi said: trailf their is aa permission wolnen to trai oermission for \VOlnen clothes covered." And Imam be covered." wili be they will so they clothes so for is aa proof for Al-Baihaqi Hadith is said: "This Hadith Al-Baihaqi said: feet." the obligation of covering the woman's feet." woman's the oblisation coverinflthe Al-Othaimeen Sheikh Salih Al-Othaimeen bin Talih Mohammad bin Sheikh Mohammad the that the "In this.

Hadith{ there is a proof that said is a there this Haditlu said and women are obligatea to cover their feet and feet coveriheir to women are oblisated companions' this the companions' to the [nown to is known rulins is this ruling face thanthe wives. the face lessattractive attractivethan is less foot is ThE foot wives. The Faith and hands without any doubt.

This Wise Faith This Wise doubt. any hands and is what is (Islam) to obligate covering what otiligate covering (Islam) rejects rejects .to permlt exposlng less attractive(the feet) and permit exposing and leet) attracttve(the Iess . what f-ace)." more attractive(the attractive(theface)." what is is more i

27 ?7

Aishah ~ W, said: Aishah said: i, ~ r-'- .Jt ~ * JI ,*

ov-f~ ui J.".....)I WJ/. wL$')\ wlS''' Jr"Jt ~ rv..r:.t.rLfJt J$" f Js ~~ â&#x201A;Ź <.:.It... j '+-0 ~ ~.J "a[i":{ 6jj.Jf.>.. ti,t; ,*n, '~~ IJi ~ Ul.:bf.j/~j ~..L..-Ut.t--!

UJjLUt-t* *ll- 6jjl>W| i \jlG &

i,Li/It jJ.i

TheCamel CamelRiders "" The Ridersduring durins Hajj) Haiil used usedto to pass nass us while while we us the state ofIhram with we were were on onthe"stai6'of lhram'with the Messenger Messengerof Allah?Jff the and Allah # aild when whenthey they parallel to were to us, us,each were/arallel eachone oneofus of us (women) fuomei) (veiil'over would lower lower down woul over her down her her Jilbab Jilbab (veil) hrir pass and when face, and when they pass us she thev us ilte would -face, uncover her uncover (Reported by her -face" bv Ahmed, Ahmed. face " lReported Abu-Dawood, and and lbn MajahJ. Abu-Dawood, MaiahY. Sheikh Sheikli Mohammad bin Salih Mohammad Salih AI-Othaimeen Al-Othaimeen said said regarding this this Hadith Hadith " The regarding The saying sayingof of Aishah Aishah (whEnthey parallelto W (wnen they are areparallel ~ each one ro us, irs.Each one of of us would would lower lower down us Jilbab over over her her ddwn her her Jilb'qb proof of face) is is aa J;'roof of the the obligation coverin~ face) oblieation of coverins -when of the woman woman-s the s face".

Also, when she she said said H' face". Also, One of of us" this this means One means anyone anyone of of the the women women were with them who were them and and not for the the Prophet's Prqphet's wives only. only. With all the RroofS from wives the above above proof6 the Ahaaith,'Muslim can the Qur'ah Our'an and and the the authentic authentic Ahailtth, we can .therefore conclude that that indeed. indeed, Muslim .therefore conclude women women are are obligated obligated to cover cover their faces faces and and hands. hands. This This is aecause oecause Islam Islam enioins enjoins men men and their modesti' and women women to gUatd guard~ .~heir modesty for their eternal eternal success. success. Allah flffi ~ says: says: ((

r-')l..." vr

cJii

.>;lt ~ aiJt i.X-UI.J iJ~~ i)t-p d p ailt i.X-U1 .. ,tiJ~ pIglii -ti ...Li 1 .. L)r*u 1*a ~ ~.iJ1 J. .J . o*t_i;tUt'_tlt iJ~L...i ;f.j;1f r ji.iJ1.J iJrP..TV yiJt,f .rJl1 ~ t. . ,t-*-e 1*a;+jJl "

2288

~ f,a ~[jt'qf ~l.f.r .St ~ t~ tf ./,e-U;f r+""'.J./?

Yj .. olhitiJ~&- ret-nl r-P'".1~ * vl ,# .,y* . rUt,Pl &tli i)Jr dptJt ~ r.:r--:.il'.J J.1.JWI ~ l.!J.:}.1{; dJj ~0.1 ~r~ . ~~ ;ltJ t' '"* urU , . J-&4 iJ.)2iGGr-i~~~~.il'.J. Jy0~ÂĽ .1r--'l.i~)r * e,.yilts t'ry t t'ut'V J,rt* 'oltlt* ''i}.1.JJ/.>. W L,.:i e ~ ttt-/t r./.1.)~I olia J~; gilt J.ill . diutP,-LkJ.,t iJf~&J1 ~ ~.r

"successful indeed "Successful indeed are the the Believers: Believers: those wlto wno humble humble themselves themselves in their those pravers; who avoid vain talk; who are prayers; 'actlve guard actzve in giving zakat; zakat; whq who -those moaesty, except except with those their mo[estv,joined the Tnaruiage marriage bond, bond, them- in the ioined to them "or or (fhe captives) whom whom their right fthe captives) thev for (f hands case)they hands possess noss'ess foi ff in their case) whoie are free from blame. those whose But those blawie. frie from desires those limits are exceed those desiies " exceed who fuithfully transgressors; ff!-ithfully those who transgressors;. those .trusts and thezr their observe observe their -trusts (strictly) guard covenants, who (strictly) covenants, and who prayers; these their the heirs, ittt be beTheheirs - will these their prayers; ;;-;will iti i aiii.- Th who They F-o, i;ir'"ri'i Paradise. i,;if inherit ;i,; will (Q-ur'an, dwell (forever)." (Qur'an, therein (forever)." dwell therein 23:1-11) 23:I-11)

29 29

Arguments by Arguments bythose thoseWho WhoLegalize Legalize Exposing Muslim Woman's Face Exposing Muslim Woman's Face

Some Some Muslims Muslims have have aa dissenting dissentingopinion opinion regarding the obligation and regarding-the obligation of o! Hijab they Uijab-ancl they proofs Qur'an say from the saVthey thef have have some some proofs frdm the Our'air 'legalize and and the th6 Sunnah to legalize exposing Sunnah to exposifo the the woman's face. woman's face. Let Let us examlnevery us examine very carefully care"fullv the following "proofs" as the followine "proofs" as to to their theif relevance relevanc'e and authenticity and authentiEityto to make make the the issue issueof Hijab Hiiab vqry clear very Muslims especially clear to all lVluslims to all especially tliose I ' those whb are who aresearching searchingfor for the the truth: truth: Argument: First Argument: Allah ~ the statedin the i}H stated yJ" " u )'l!l .

Q ~ ~ L. jH)"f.~ ur" an."'-k, #.

Qur'an: ;re*;.1**)') "And not to HAnd adornment excent except to show showofftheir off their adornment which. is (24:3l). Th6y only !4at that which apparent. ""(24:31).

They is"apparent. say this this verse. say verse is is a a ploof proof that that th'e the woman woman can can ex-posewhat expose what is apparent apparent from her: that is the from her. the that faie and face and the the harids hands as as 'Abdullah 'Abdullah ibn Ibn 'Abbas 'Abbas explained it explained it by saying: saying: "Except "Except only that that which wEich is apparent apparent meand means the the face face and and h6nds". hands".

The The answer answer to this this is as as follows: follows: Thev They extract extract this this sayins saying of of Ibn Abbas Abbas from from what what has has been been reported reported by oy Ibn Jareer Jareer At-Tabri he he said, said, Ibn Abbas Abbas said said about about this this verse verse "And not to show show off off their adornment adornment except except only that that r,vhich \vhich is 3300

apparent" means means "Kohl (eyeliner) (eyeliner) and and ting." ring." apparent" of At-Tabri, At-Tabri, has has one one person person in ihe the This report reQ0rt of chain of the narrators weak, name name who weak, his is narrators the chain oT is Muslim bin Kisan Kisan Addabi Addabi Al-Kuffu.

Al-Kuffy. Ibib "Muslim isHajjer Al-Asqalani said "Muslim is weak weak said Al-Asqalani Haiier narrator."

Also Imam Ahmed Hanbbal Hanbbal bin Imam Ahmed Alsb na#ator." said about about him "His (Muslim) (Muslim) Hadith Hadith should should said be written."

Imam Al-Bukahri AI-Bukahri Imam written."'not be commented also also about about Muslim Muslim bin Kisan Kisan commented of Addabi Al-Kuffo: AI-Kuffy: "Thev "They (the (the scholars scholars of Addabi Hadith) talked' talked about about him' him (meaning (meaning the the Hadith) Ahadith he he narrated narrated are are weak)l' weak). ' So So wiih with this this Ahadith (Muslim)'sayine-of the narrator (Muslim) being in the chain of the the chain beine narrator we see see narrators of the the saying of Ibn Abbas, Abbas, we narrators'of be taken taken that and it cannot cannotbe w'eak-and is weak this report reportis that this proof. There way of into is another anotherway Thereis so'undproof. into as as aa sound this of Ibn wasreported reportedby thatwas Ibn Abbas Abbasthat saying this saying book his book Imam said in flis he said AT-Baihaqi.he Imam AI-Baihaqi, said Abbas "Assunnan AI-Koobra" Ibn Abbas said "Assunnan Al-Koobro" Ibn off show off regarding this verse "And not to show not to resarding this verse is which their adornment except only that which is that onlv thEir adornmentexcept 'what and face apparent" means 'wliat is In the face and is in the aonarent" means qf reportingof hands'. the reporting way of the in this this way AIso in hhhds'. Also weak are the saying of Ibn Abbas, there are two weak two there Abbas, Ibn the saying bin Ahmed bin narrators, is Ahmed one is first one the first narratdrs,"the Al-Ataradi, Abduljabar bin Mohammad AI-Ataradi, Mohammad bin Abduliabar "He is is whom him "He about him said about Haiier said Ibn Hajjer whorn Ibn him weak" and Imam Athahabi about himsaid about Athahabi said Imdm weak" and o'Morethan weak." is weak."

"More he is agreedhe one scholar scholaragreed than one (Ahmed's son), son), Also his son sod (Ahmed's less than than his no less Also no who Al-Ataradi, who Abdurahman Ahmed AI-Ataradi, bin Ahmed Abdurahman bin 31 31

said about said abouthis father:"1 his father: wrote from from him but but 1I "I wrote stoppedtelling stopped telline of what what he he said said because becauseof people said (beinsweak)." whlai people what about him Iaid about him (being weak)."

The second secoirdman The man in this this chain chainis ii Abdullah Abcfullahbin tiin Muslim bin Harmooz Harmooz AI-Makki, Al-Makki. whom whom Ibn Ibn Haiier said said about Hajjer weak" and about him him "He is-weak" and "He is Im-dm Athahabi ain Athahabi said Imam said about abouthim "Ibn Ma' Ma'ain (Abdullah bin said he he (Abdullah said bin Muslim) Muslim) is is weak weakand and Al-Madinv said Ibn AI-Madiny said he he is weak twice." is weak twice." So So none of what what has hasbeen none beenreported reportedin believed believedof Ibn Abass this Abass regarding regarding this verse verse by bv saying savins -be "What should should be apparent and apiarent is is the the face hce'and hands" is is authentic. authentic.On hands" the other hand,it has On the otherhand, has reportedthat beenreported Abdullah Ibn been that Abdullah Ibn Mas'aud Mas'aridsaid said the meaning meaning the not to to show showoff off their their - of "And not adornment except adornment which except only only that that which is is apparent" is is "the "thb .clothes", cloth-es". this apI?arent" this report report is is a^uthenticas Ibn Jareer, as reRorted reported by ibn authentic Jarei:r, Ibn Shaibah and and AI-Hakim Al:Hakim and Shaibah and he he said saidauthentic authentic the conditions conditions of on the of Muslim; Muslim; and and Imam Imam Athahabi asreed with Athahabi agreed him. Sheikh hiin.

Sheikh Mohammad Din Salih AI-Othaimeen said Mohammad 6in Salih Al-Othaimeen said regarding regarding this this situation: we agree situation:"If "If we asree that that wFat Ibn Ibil Abass what Abass said said is the the correct correct o'ne one when when he he said said "The face face and and hands hands to be be exposed". exposed", this this can can only be be taken taken as as an an accepted accentedproof broof if if there there was was no different different opinion' opinion of of hnother another Companion If Companion that that .opposes opposes io to his his opinion. opinion.

If ^ another anotlier Companron Companion opposes him, we Inust opposes him, we must follow what what other other (duthentic) (authentic) pioofs proofs give give preference thIS case,-the case, the preference over. over. So'here So here in this 32

JL

opinion of Ibn Abass Abass (which (which was was found found not opinion of of authentic) has been been oppo'sed opposed bv by the opinion of airthentic)has Ibn Maslaud Mas aud (based^ (based on authentic autlientic r'eport) report) so so we must must follow what other other proofs proofs say. say. .

Second What has has been been reported reported Second Argument: What by ~ y ~ tJ-u G~ Ju Jli {'ir ~J ~ -'rr, :> Jb ,*i y.i g;i C?i Abu-Dafrood, F.+-pby Abu-Dawood, u"-*f .*f Yu ~ A J .J...:A,y..L:J}I l.i p>-i ":Jli 1)\)-\ j-.a-J\ J Jo .Y J ~lki~'1 yÂŁ p V'f ,}t}t,.1-a;.Jt ,y:,; ,l f u5U';Vt {Jt !. .' ttY iur-?! lJi ~l.c-'i ~l&. Vo ~ gl..r, .~.1:):> ;ri ~.-!i qlo'y ~ J'i Jli {1* ~l>-,y,-rt~ oWi 0\ ,f ;:>l;j k " 1ll\ Cf ~ +f t-+.-:V nl 6l ~ **, c..ili r-LJ ~.:ill ~\ J.r"J ~..::..1>-:> ~ ~\ -?J ~ Jyt.* urU;.+U kj";ul J yt; 4.# t 4b JsfLr.-& f fL," + ,: -.ir b1 nl .rLa nt Jy1@,-e-*v r;1~i)l ;irtr 01 ~ r-L J ql.c ~ 1ll\ ~ 1\ J.r"J ~ ~./'li ;1 ~L<:-'i 'wi l:!t, " JI,; Jti Js *:

t

lir, J \..i.A> rj,r 'Y! q-'.-J;r ".yS' JI )L.:.i )11 ~ ~ | ~\ "li{ J) ~J ct-oi0i -t-.2 W 1.>..1rui JJ " 1..i.A> "iJt II

He and Al-Antaki and Ka'ab AI-Antaki He said, said. Yaqoub Yaqoub bin Ka'ab Al-Harrany Mua'amal AI-Faddil Al-Faddil AI-Harrany bin Mua'am'al bin informed them, theni, informed Alwalead informed me that that Alwalead informed me he Basheer, he reported from Sa'eid bin Basheer~ he from reported Sa'eid he from reported he reported from reported he from Qatadah, reportad from Oatadah, &, tliat Aisha Aisha ~ Kbalid rebortedtliat Duraik he he reported Khalid bin Duralk "ThatAsma & walked walked said Abu-Bakar ~ Asmabint Abu-Bakar said "That soft(thin) clothes, clothes, into into the the Prophet Prophet;Jiwearing Mwearing soft(thin) (fro* her) away his then turned his face away (from her) turned then He He 1f #^ faVe iranslated of is and which the meaning ofis translated the mdaning which said and said 'O Asma, the when the womanreaches as: reaches the the woman Asma, when as: '0 permissibletc! any to s~e see not permJssible is not age any ase ofpuberty of nubertvit is p"art 0/ He 3W this and thzs. this. ' He exceptthzs part 6odv except of her her Eody Eâ&#x201A;Ź -nointed (Reported by hands. pointed to her face andhands. " (Reported by to her and face 'Rbu clear Hadith'is this Hadith Abu Dawud) is aa clear Thev say savthis Dawud) 'They women to permiiting Muslim Muslim women proof for for permitting JJ 33

expose expose their their faces faces and hands.Many andhands.

Many Muslim piolrs among women, including women, including the the pious amons them, them. believe in them the said believe'in themwIthout withoutknowing kirowinsthat thatThe saici Hadith is Hadith is weak weak in two ways. ways.First, first. there thereis is aa (this disconnectionin the of narrations the chain disconnection chain-of narrations(this means one one of the means the narrators narratorsof the theHadith Hadirlr did not meet meet the the one one he not he claimed claimedhe he heard heardfrom from him). In the him). the chain chain of the the narrators narratorsof this this Hadith as Hadith as it has has been been compiled compiled by bv AbuAbuDawud himself, "Khalid bin Dawud Duraik himself, he he said said "Khalid bin-Duraik not hear did not ~ ". Second, hearfrom from Aishah Aishah{#, did Second.in the the chain of the chain eid bin narrators,there the narrators, there is is Sa' bin Sa'eid Basheerwhom Basheer whom Ibn Ibn Hajeer, Haieer,Ibn lbn Ma'ain, Ma'ain,AnNassai, Nassai, Ali bin AI-Madiny and Ibn Al-Madinv bin and Ibn Hiban Hiban 'TIe is said "He weak." Therefore, said those is weak."

Ther'efore, those who who -for proof for Muslim claim this claim this Hadith Hadith as as aa proof Muslim women to expose women exposetheir their faces fates and and hands hands to to stop their non-mahram non-mahram must their must stop from from propasatine the idea idea as proRagating the as the said Hadith Hadith is the said is -and-therefore wedk and therefore to be weak be disregarded disregardedas as aa proof. proof.

Third

Argument: Argument:

Narrated Jabir bin Narrated Jabir bin

4.ie *l ~-->: , :iF~\ ,ir JYJ Abdullah+l' ~ c,r+; Abdullah~-, <We..ill ~ .r-;;: Jr; C" 'J- ~\ 1- 0~ a.ul SF r-- iL; ih!r i-r, -'r-:i -,;r L6' ( 4.,.L;1 'J J jl~i pN ~l Y ;~L i..y ~I \ y. ;":>l.aJ\ ~ J y Y .";{"Jr ,,, J+;)Lrr lU ir aJ--; J*s ^irr p ~ :--> ~ (rJ>?~ J \...,.,UI.12>-; J ~Lb ~ ~ J ~llS~ /h J~ 6_r..i J>U,,ll s.-t!.rb Ls@f ef" J L.Ul ) r,i; .-Jft .-L-- ,.{ --rp,j,l=,~ .~ J ?'

J..l.,a.7 Jw f?~ :J :#ty,uJr ~~) ~L.J\ ;i -JI JLi, ;+-5, p-<* ~ -S\ j~ -^L^i f ;i/I ,11 ,:;-3;;.(V :Ju.lt : c-Jur;,:rl1 j~ P'J :JL; ~I Jr., Jy-'J !~ cJw J..8-1 ~\..U....., ~LJI 4.b...., rt--c-rL. n;irt / g 3itt,aa;i.,*r;JU.^r*lt-o;S;1eK.Jt 0-- J>L J~ +f y; 4J il+lr;*.1~ ~~ifJ~ ~ ;JL; .~\ j~ J ~~I .,-

J>:

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344 3

"I attended attended the the PraYer Rrayer with with Allah's Allah's "I Messenger #fJj on on the'Eid-el-Fitr the Eid-el-Fitr^Day'-$e Da~, He,# M Messeiier commenced with with the the -prayer prayer peJore. before Khutba Khutba commeilced (sermon) without without AthanAtnan or-Iqqmah.or Iqamah. He He #?Ji Tiermon) then stbod stood up up leaning leaning on on Bifal Biral ary4 and H-g He #. :If ilri" commanded them to to 6e be pious to to AllahAllah. He He #. :If - them ci*ma:nded -"*t exhorted obedience to to Him Him and and ei on obEdience i;iiia itthem preached to thepeople people and admonished admonished them. them. ir:tocitd -Then He ffi ?i! prbceeded proceeded to the womgn. women. He He M, :If Tiei *i; and tltem preached to them reminded them reminded and them biiitneA 'dtlitd asked them them to give alms, alms, for for most most of-them ofthem are ofHell.

A wln1ai woman sitting sitting inThe in the middle middle the fuel nett7.l, i"ni n"i if spbt of the women, with black black spot on-tlte on the cheek cheek ;Tih-;'iio*ii, "lThy is so,Messenger sitood toad up said: "Why is it so, Messenger uD and said: of Allah?"" He Ji said: -"For "For You you grumble grumble of Allah? # said.' your spprySq' and show ingratitude to spouse. often show ingratitude often thetr oJ their g.ive alms And then they began to give alms out of tq then they Qegan afqflngs,, ana rings ornaments, such as their earrings thetr-earrmgs {ts ornaments,such bttat' " cloth .o.J the cloth of Bila[" which on the threw on they threw whtch they Thev Musliin).Th~y and~usli~). (n;p"$d'Fvby fJ-Bu~ahri (Reported Al-gukahri anq this'Hadith ln siiO say when Jab!r ~ ~\~.J sald in thlS Hadlth say wnen J-,ibf^;J.i;, ;X cheek"it is the cheek" on the "A woman spot on blackipot with black is *o*att with if her face, that she and au^proof wasexposing eryiosingher ptoofittat *hgwas fq*.,and if nave not woulo he tace she was covering her face he would not have her was covering she answers po;sib-eanswers two possibe aretwo seen Tffiereare face.There her face. ieet her probf in Hadith theHadith in the no proof is no to this. First, there is iist, there io-inii.-f the saw the Flophet ii the Prophet that W saw that the i"d]caies that ifiui indicates it, approvedit, fie~ andfie woman without Hiiab and *Eapproved *ittriout Hijab *;** that is face and a^Itdthat is but only Jabir sdw her iabir saw UuT^^only Lt.t face face, fall.qflher Hiiab fall because, maybe off her face, herHijab maybeher beiausel the of the middle of the middle in the or was in sh'e was b*cdtrt* she oi because 35 35

women, she she took took off women off her her Hijab Hiiab or or another another possibility that thatshe wasan possibility shewas anold old woman wornanwho who is is permitted to to expose germitted her face as stated expose her face as stateclin in the the (Jur'an: Qur'an:

--*s';'ar.ffi .-+ fr

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A..J:" 4ii1 J U..l" .1 \,..;00:. U.~. .':>1 J L:.J ..:..>~J'-n..::.. ..1-"j;. r-=- '-. .. J.

*Afd asfor womenpas.tchildbearing HAnd as womenfast lvho c.hitdbeaying who do do ftr wed-lock, not expect expebt not wed-Ioc , it is rs no no sin stn on on theln themif if (outer) clothing they aiscard iliscard their (outer) they clothins in such su"h awpy as as not to to show show their adornment. away adornmZnLBut to to (i.e. refrain refrain (i. e. not to to discard discard their outer outer c[othing) is is betterfor betterfor theln. c{othing) thern.And Allah is is AllHeargry All-Knower" Hearer, musr be be Qa:60) It must lll-K7owbr.". (24:60) noted further further that that this noted was this story story was reported reportedby bv -than many con1panions companions other many other than Jabir, Jdbir. ana an8 neither one one of them them had neitlier had mentioned mentionedthis this woman exposing woman exposing her face faceexcept exceptJabir.

Jabir.Also Also - her Imam Muslim Muslim in his Imam his Autlientic Autlientic Book, Book. reported reported those those who narrated narrated this this storv story besidd beside Jabir, are Abi Sa'eid Jabir, they they are AI-Kuhdri~-, Sa'eid Al-Kuhdries,.

Abdullah Abdullah Ibn Abass4,, Abass~>, and and Abdullah Abdullah Ibri Ibn Umarr*-.

Umar~-. Neither Neither one one of of them them reported reRorted that he that he 'ttris saw saw the the woman's woman's face. face. Also this storv story was was narrated ~- and and Abdullah Abdullah narrated by Abu-Hurairah Abu-Hurairah {+bin Mas'ird Mas 'ud i+, ~- without _mentioning mentioning . the the woman's woman's face. face. So So here here five companlons companions reported reported this story story and and they they all said said wliat Jabir Jabir gir' ~> said said but neifher neither one one cif of them them mentioned mentioned a 3366

woman exposing exposing her her face, face, which which makes makes itit woman u*.saw Jabir~, saw her her faceface. We very clear ihat that oillv only Jabir 4t does J abir ~, to see her face does must note that face see her to for Jabir that mu6tnote not make make a profound profound argument argument for those those who who because legalize exposing the woman's face, because face, w-oman's the expbsing lesalize it "was was not prov6n proven that -the the ProPhSJ Prophet #~ saw the eXQosing her her face face and and He approved approved woman exnosing woman her action.^Besicfes, action. Besides, ifif indeed indeed Jabir Jabir 4,-s-aw ~J saw her her face, it must must be be noied noted that he he only. only mentioned mentioned face, one woman's woman's face, face, not majolity majority of of the the one women. means that that wom-en women (in general, general, women. This meand the exception exception of of the the woman woman that]abir that Jabir e" ~J with the saw) wear Hiiab.

Hijab. dayswear thoseaays saw) in those Sa'ad Fourth Argument: Sahelbin Sa'ad NarratedSahel Argument: Narrated ~J 4- said: said: .,rel*;irrr qJ'c..irt ~ ,, ~I 4t- :cJw J ~ ~\ i.-~ lil\ JJr,y ) v,-k~r.,...\ .ri ji :.:JW r;L 6t Jr---') J:-; ,J-.1r d--, .'+! .iJl .11 ctJ qi.a -\"-4, t+-Jl ~\ Jr-, ~t ~ rL J ~ ~\ J-+' ~\ Jy) ~t ):W ~ ~ <-:-A~ kJl fu ,rlp --E;lr +J If. .1\ _ I I.' .i - 1 ·i ·'1)\ \'J I\..4.J..!l '\ fl fl • ^r.t'J Utl uliI: •.*f, u+ I~ ~....I.>- ••• ~ ~ ) "; \.l::l\.l::l (f ~y.&') ".i-;+t c-*l-... ~ k# ~ -A- rt 4..Jc( 0;ilr v..r(, A

('A Messenger# "A lady to Allah's Messenger M and came to ladv came to come to haie come said: "0 Allah's Messenger!

Messenger!I have said ; ""O her). He marrv her). you (to marry mvself to )!OU offer myselfto to offer vo{(to vou to 'M then !Jf raisecf'"his and looked at her and then eves"and-looked raised" his eyes he that ladv saw saw that he the lady lowered Whenthe his head. hbad. When Towered his sat she decisirin, she sat did anv decision, make any not make did not " (Reportdd by and Al-Bukahri and bv Al-Bukahri down etc."(Reported do*n,.....etc. looked Prophet the Muslim). that the Prophet ~ Thdy say sbythat # looked Muslim). They 37 37

at the the woman woman and at and was was not not interested interestedin in marrying her herand if she marrying andif shewas wasnot not exposing exposinsher her face,-He Hd ~ would not face, then not looked lookedat heirand at her and-rhen ffi would turned awayfrom from her. turned away her.There Thereare arethree threelogical losical and sound sound answers answersto and to these: these:First, First. there thele is is notlring Hadith that nothing in .this this Hadith that states statesthe tlie woman woman wa? exposing exposingher h.e{face, was face,and andfor for the the Prophet Prophet~ ffi to look look up up and anddown to down at at the the woman womandoes doesnot not necessarymean mean she necessary she was was exposing exposins her her face face and he he ~ was lookine and was looking at her body.

Second, at her bodv. Second. ffi this storY story could could be be before this belore the the obligation oblisationof Hiiab. Third, Third, it is is from Hijah. the from the the Sunnan Sunnahfor forthe man when when he man he is interestedin marrying is interested marrying aa woman, to look at woman, at her her face, face,so so if if this woman this woman expose her her face did expose facein front front of the the Prophet Proohet~ w (i.e..to then it if could could be be for then for this this reason reason(i.e., shoirr t6 show tE hoping her face face to the the ,Prophet her Prophet ~ hoping that that he he would marry marry her). her). would Fifth Argument: NarratedAbdullah Ibn Abass E#, : -..Jr gy- tV s, )ailt rL-, ."lo.1l ,rL, ,61J-rj:;i ,* dt .*.-:e l*-t )'+,, FiJl 96; , {i.-l-, i,*t .,Il *+ +l:...=i

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..f ;lJll clil

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F+":Jli 7-->I..ri ,-b-iu-,l.Sj-aL-lJl, J-e (.5F*,'AI-Fadl bin Abtsas ou-ir ,-2, ,oide-behind Allah's Messenger Mas his*coripanionrider 38

on the the back back portion of ofhis on thg th~ -she-camel on hisshe-camel on f "i 0':.

Day of wi'ir' Nahr ((slaugbteriYig i fii ilrt d,W oofsacrifice, f sau tfics,J10 o;"ir" day ;f of/he month oJ uhul-Hjjjah) and anaAt:Fadt AI-Fadl th; ion'fh-ifut'il-fiiiidw A;i

was da handsome handsome man. man. The The Frophet Prophet tJistapped stopped ffi ids -(answers give the people people verdicts verdicts -(answers their their to sive question regardihe regarding Haii).

Hajj). In In tfte the meantimg, meantime, oa eues"tion Khath'am beautiful foman woman "froni"ihe -from the tribe of ofKhath 'am biaittful came to ask the Prophet Prophet #?Jf a ciuestionquestion. AlAlask the i;ii'io Fadl started lookini looking at her as beauty as^her- bequtyFaat attracted him' him. The The Prophet Prophet BF ?If looked looked behind behind attracted so the the while At-paAt Al-Fadl was looking at her so was lookini intli pioit hands backwards and Prophet ;If his hands-baclcwards -caukht M held his caught"f the chin of of Al-Fadl AI-Fadl and turned turned his tiA' chin face side) in orderorder that he he otlier side) the other f"iE (to fto the "O Allah's "iiti"ld should not gaze at her. said: 1(0 her. She Shesaid: -Missinser! saze "The of perfgrming performing Messenger!

The obligation obligation --of -H;ii -efriotned worshipperT Hii Hajj enjoined by Allah on His worshippers

by AllaV on (compul+ory) on myJpthe,r on myJflther has due (com]?ulsory) belome due hai become sttJtmly who cannot who is an old man ana who cannot sitjirmly and man who ts an that be sufficient Will on the ridiYlg animal.

Will it be sufficient that oi the ridins animal. ".-Ht behalJ! p"ifor* his I-"rrlh-"Yes perform Hajj on his behalf?"

He ?1W said on Haii I ^Hf;.aid They (Reportedby el:FuEbatt). They " ~' "Yes ".". tReported bv AI-Bukhari) was Hadith iir this say that the woman in this Hadith was woman sav that the the presence the of the exposing her face at the presence at face her eiboiine to her bommand not did ;i and He did not command her to Prophet He and Prbphet"W three sensible are cover her face.

There are three sensible There face. a;v'ei h;i is First,there thereis answers First, argumentation: thisargumentation: to this answersto it is legal states that no proof in this Hadith that states it is legal Hadith this in no- 'men nioof (wpm-eg for women's face at women's look at to look ior men to facq (women -mahram\ Prophet the because #â&#x201A;Ź who are non-mahram) because the Prophet ~ non are wtro +i:Al-Fadl of did not approve the action of AI-Fadl ~J when the action approve noi difi "vhen 39 39

he was was looking lookineat he atthe thewoman womanbut but instead insteadHe He

turned AI-Fadl Al-Fddl's ii ' s face face to to the W turned theother otherside sideso so

he will will not not be fie beable ableto to look look at ather. her.Imam ImamAnAnNawawi said: said: "One "One thing Nawawi thine to to be be concluded concluded from this this Hadith Hadith is from is tlie th-e forbiddance forbiddance of of looking at at women". women". If looking If someone someone would would ask ask why did did not not the the Prophet why Prophet ;i command the the W command woman to to cover cover her woman her face? face?the The answer answeris, is. he he might have haveordered orderedthe ii womanto the woman to cover coverher her ffi might tace but but the the narrator narrator of this face this Hadith Hadith did did not not report it. it. Or he ~ report Or he did not not tell tell it to to her her W did because not not reRorting reporting something because somethinedoes does not not mean did not nof happen. happdn.Second, mean it did this Hadith Second,This Hadith was narrated narratedby Abdullah was who Abdullah bin 4.r,who bin Abass Abass~, was presentwith the was not present the Prophet Prophet~ when this this ffi when story occurred, ocCurred,because story becauseAbdullah Abdullah bin Abass Abass Eil. left for from Muzdalifah (a place place in ~, Muzdalifah (a Makkah) at night-and Makkah) at night and the the Prophet Prophet~ 16ftat ar the the # left morrung as It rt has has been reported by AImorning as been leported bv AlBukhari Bukharl and and Muslim and and he he whs was infornied informed of of this story by his story brother AI-Fadl ~,but his iSbrother Al-Fadl burhii -never brother brother never told him the the woman woman was was hgr face. exposing her face. when he said she was Also when he said shewas .expos.ipg beautrful, does beautiful, does not necessary necessary mean mean he saw saw her face, of her her bodv body or he he face, it could could be be because because df could of her skin. skin. N<ite Note that that could have have seen seen aapart part of granting granting that that -he he really really did see see her beautiful beautiful tace, accident her veil fall face, itit could could be he that that by accident down from her face face since since women women on ihram afe are forbidden forbidden to to wear wear nesab neqab (as (as nreviouslv previously discussed) discussed) that that can can safell safely cov'er cover their their faCEi. faces.

40 40

However, we we must must remember remember that that women women as as However.

Hadith narrated narrated by

by Aishah Aishah E#, ~ evident 6n on the the Hadith eviaent that thev they would cover their their fac-es faces with with their their that gowns 'frhenever whenever men men who who were were non-mâ&#x201A;Źthram non-mahram eo*ns Qassed by and and then uncover uncover them them again. again. fassed this, we can can infer that Muslim women women From thii of Hiiab Hijab commandment of who follow Allah's commandment faces their always ways cover faces cover to find must always ' ryays non-mahram men men are are around. around. whenever non-mahram whenever neqab as as in the the case case while in the the Having no nesab Havine oT ihram is IS not an an excuse excuse to display display their state oT itate faces. Third.

Third, this this Hadith was was also also narrated narrated by faces. gi., Abdullah bin Ali bin Abi:Talib Abi-Talib ~,and Jabir Abdullah and Jabir Ali but Muslim .,g., and was compiled by Imam Imam EF-and was compiled ^them -mentioned anything neither one of them mentioned anything neither one that she she woman or tliat about beauty of the woman of the the .beauty about the was exposing her face. was exposinghel face.

41 4l

Conclusion Conclusion Very clearly, clearly,. Islam Very Islam as asthe the true religiongives truereligion give-q profound answers concrete and and profound concrete answerd to td all all problems and and Issues issuesthat that bother 2roblems bother mankind. mankind. goodexample very good One very One exampleof this this is is the the issue issueof Hiiab. From Fr6m the Hijab. the number nurmberof Qur'anic Avaat Our'anicAyaat anb authentic authentic Ahadith Ahadith cited and this worK% cited in irithis worli. we we can conclude concludethat that indeed, can indeed,Hijab Hiiab is is aa religIous relisious duty that that Allah ~ duty ha's enjoined enioined to the td the $# has believine women women for their beheving protection and their brotection and success. It is is aa manifestation success. manifestatiohof woman's woman's adherence to the adherence an and the Sunnah. the Qur' an_d the Sunnah.

Qur'an This means This means a concrete that she concrete proof that sheobeys obevs Allah dg andHis Messenger~. ~ and of MessenAer is a sign sienbf #. It is protecthEr her strength her strength to protect her disnitv dignity and and h"onor nonor from of sdme some men men and and from the the wickedness wickedness of therefore of the the society society where where therefore the the ^protection protection of she she belongs. belongs.

Above all. all, it shows shows her her Above preferenc.e Rreference Tor lor the the life Heredfter Hereafter to be be among among those those who will will be be given given the the honor honor to seE see Allah's Face of her her firm belief and and Face becausebecause of obedience obedience to Allah S# ~ and and His Messenser Messenger 48. ;I. Brothers Brothers and and sisters sisters in Islam, Islam, now yoritra-v-e you have 42 42

found the the truth truth about about Hijab Hijab and and itit is {or for ygu you found path you to decide decide which which path you want want to to take, take, the the to guidance, correct one one or th^e the oth-er. other. For For your guidance, correct thIS Hadith Hadith when when however, always always remember remember thils however,. of any issue issue that concerns concerns you are are tn in doubt doubt of vou your faith: faith: The The Messenger Messenger of of Allah #~ said said:: lour l L.ei.+.i,,+r .rfa;^i u-LJI i f .frS' 0 ~ ') ~~ ~J ~ i )-\ J ~ J "j.;l\ J}'ft" rl/l V -rt{ 1116.l*- Y ;-tf "rv j o+-t,. u,--rJ-f;:-,1'.r1*Jl e:--JJ LUi' ~~I J et r:!J ci f sJ ~ f' J ~..u i~\ ~~\' r let+t ~i * 1 ~' !-, JJ ' is unl-awful what "What is lawful is clear and uJlawful clear and "'What is clear. clear, but between between them them are are certain certain people not do doubtful things which many people do not manv doubtful'things which -adainst doubtful know.

So he who guards against doubtful know. So hE suards things keeps keeps his his re-ligion religion and his honor honor alnd his thinss doubtful blameless but he wlio falls into doubtful falls whlo he Utirfi'eless is unlawful." unlawful." things which is that which into that falls into ttiines falls (Re5orted Muslim)(~eported by AI-Bukhari and Muslim).

Allah and Al-Bukhari bv ^ the peace upon be tm knows best and peace be upon the and best knows M companions Messenger family,companions his family, Allah, hIS Messeneerof Allah, Day of the Day and till the Path-till his Path follows his rvh-oeverfollows and vvhoever Ressurection.

Ressurection.

END END please For any comments or corrections please or corrections comments For any contact me at: at: contactme II

II

Abdulaziz M. Addwesh Addwesh AbdulazizM. P.O. 20824 box 20824 P.O.box Riyadh, 11465 Arabia11465 SaudiArabia Rivadh.Saudi (5) 512-3992 Phone 5IZ-3992 No: (5) PhbneNo: Fax 405-9387 (1I405-9387 FaxNo: No:(1) 43 43

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