Phnong Indigenous Minority of Cambodia

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Phnong

Indigenous

Minority αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαžΎαž˜ αž—αžΆαž‚αžαž·αž…αž–αŸ’αž“αž„



αž€αžΆαžšαžαŸ’αž›αŸ‚αž„αž’αŸ†αžŽαžšαž‚αž»αžŽ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

αž–αž½αž€αž™αžΎαž„αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž’αžŸαŸ‹αž‚αŸ’αž“αžΆαžŸαžΌαž˜αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžŠαŸ‚αž„αž“αžΌαžœαž’αŸ†αžŽαžšαž‚αž»αžŽαž‡αžΆαž’αž“αŸαž€αž”αŸ’αž”αž€αžΆαžšαžŠαž›αŸ‹αž’αž„αŸ’αž‚αž€αžΆαžšαž‚αžΆαŸ†αž‘αŸ’αžšαžŸαž αž‚αž˜αž“αŸαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαžΎαž˜αž—αžΆαž‚αžαž·αž…( ​ αž’αžΆαž™β€‹αžŸαŸŠαžΈ ធេស ធូ) αž“αž·αž„αž€ ​ αŸ’αžšαžŸαž½αž„αž’αž—αž·αžœαžŒαŸ’αžαž‡αž“αž”αž‘αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž”αŸ‹αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαž αž€αžΆαžšαž‡αžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž–αžΌαž€αž™αžΎαž„αŸ” We would like to express our deepest gratitude toward Indigenous Community Support Organization (ICSO) and the Ministry of Rural Development for collaborating with us. αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αž–αž–αŸαžαŸαž˜αžΆαž“ References: http://www.culturalsurvival.org/who-are-indigenous-peoples https://kambunong.wordpress.com/bunong http://www.icso.org.kh/

αž”αŸ„αŸ‡αž–αž»αž˜αŸ’αž–αž“αŸ…β€‹αžαŸ‚αž€αž‰αŸ’αž‰αžΆ αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ† ្០៑αŸ₯ First published in September 2015


αžαžΆαžšαžΆαž„αž˜αžΆαžαž·αž€αžΆ αžŸαŸαž…αž€αŸ’αžŠαž• ី ម αŸ’αžŠαžΎ

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αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΏβ€‹αž“αž·αž„αž–αž·αž’αžΈαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžšαž–αŸ’αž’

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αž€αžΆαžšαžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ…αž”αŸ‚αž”αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈ

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αž€αžΆαžšαž’αž”αŸ‹αžšαŸ†αž“αž·αž„αž‡αžΈαžœαž”αŸ’αžšαžœαžαŸ’αžαž·

្៑

αžŸαŸαž…αž€αŸ’αžŠαžΈαžŸαž“αŸ’αž“αž·αžŠαŸ’αž‹αžΆαž“

៣៑


Contents

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INTRODUCTION

BELIEF & CEREMONY

14

TRADITIONAL LIVELIHOODS

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EDUCATION & BIOGRAPHIES

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CONCLUSION


αžŸαŸαž…αž€αŸ’αžαžΈαž•αŸ’αžαžΎαž˜ αžαžΆαž˜αžšαž™αŸˆαž‘αž·αž“αŸ’αž“αž“αŸαž™αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž€αŸ’αžšαžŸαžΌαž„αž’αž—αž·αžœαžŒαŸ’αžαž“αŸαž‡αž“αž”αž‘ αž”αŸ’αžšαž‘αŸαžŸαž€αž˜αŸ’αž–αž»αž‡αžΆαž˜αžΆαž“αž€αŸ’αžšαž»αž˜αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαžΎαž˜αž—αžΆαž‚αžαž·αž…αž…αŸ†αž“αž½αž“αŸ’αŸ€αž€αŸ’αžšαž»αž˜αŸ” αž€αŸ’αžšαž»αž˜αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαžΎαž˜αž—αžΆαž‚αžαž·αž…αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž”αŸ’αžšαž‡αžΆαž‡αž“αž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“ αž‡αžΆαž„αž‚αŸαž‚αžΊαŸ– αž–αŸ’αž“αž„ αž‚αž½αž™ αž“αž·αž„αž‚αŸ’αžšαž·αž„αŸ” αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž—αžΆαž‚αž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ…αž—αžΌαž˜αž·αž—αžΆαž‚αž¦αžŸαžΆαž“αž“αŸƒαž”αŸ’αžšαž‘αŸαžŸαž€αž˜αŸ’αž–αž»αž‡αžΆαŸ” αž•αŸ’αž’αŸ‚αž€αž‘αŸ…αž›αžΎαž€αžΆαžšαžŸαŸ’αžšαžΆαžœαž‡αŸ’αžšαžΆαžœαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž’αž„αŸ’αž‚αž€αžΆαžšαž‚αžΆαŸ†αž‘αŸ’αžšαžŸαž αž‚αž˜αž“αŸαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž· αžŠαžΎαž˜αž—αžΆαž‚αžαž·αž… (αž’αžΆαž™.αžŸαŸŠαžΈβ€‹.ធេស.ធូ) αž˜αžΆαž“αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαžΎαž˜αž—αžΆαž‚αžαž·αž…αž”αŸ’αžšαž αŸ‚αž›αž‡αžΆαŸ‘αŸ¦αŸ ,αŸ αŸ αŸ αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹ ឬ៑.αŸ₯αž—αžΆαž‚αžšαž™αž“αŸƒαž”αŸ’αžšαž‡αžΆαž‡αž“αž€αž˜αŸ’αž–αž»αž‡αžΆαŸ” αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž“αŸαŸ‡αžšαžŸαŸ‹

αž“αŸ…αžŸαž αž‚αž˜αž“αŸαž…αŸ†αž“αž½αž“αŸ€αŸ₯αŸ₯αŸ” αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž€αŸ†αžŽαžαŸ‹αž’αžαŸ’αžαžŸαž‰αŸ’αž‰αžΆαžŽαž‡αžΆαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαžΎαž˜αž—αžΆαž‚αžαž·αž…αžŠαŸ„αž™αž™αŸ„αž„αž‘αŸ…αž›αžΎαžœαž”αŸ’αž”αž’αž˜αŸŒ αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈ αž—αžΆαžŸαžΆ ធអហអរ αž’αžαŸ’αžαžŸαž‰αŸ’αž‰αžΆαžŽ

αžšαž”αŸ€αž”αž‚αŸ’αžšαž”αŸ‹αž‚αŸ’αžšαž„αžŸαž αž‚αž˜αž“αŸ αž“αž·αž„αžšαž™αŸˆαž–αŸαž›αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž”αžΆαž“αž“αžΊαž„αž€αŸ†αž–αž»αž„αžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ…αŸ” αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž“αŸ„αŸ‡αž“αž·αž™αžΆαž™αž—αžΆαžŸαžΆαž’αŸ†αŸ—αž–αžΈαžšαž‚αžΊαž’αžΆαžŸαŸ’αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαž“αŸαžŸαŸŠαžΆαž“ (Astronesian)​

αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž‡αžΆαž—αžΆαžŸαžΆαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž…αžΆαžšαŸ‰αžΆαž™ αž“αž·αž„αžšαžŠαŸ‚αž“αž·αž™αžΆαž™ រីឯ αžαŸ’αž˜αŸ‚αžšαž˜αž“ (Mon-Khmer) αž‡αžΆαž—αžΆαžŸαžΆαžŠαŸ‚αž›αžαŸ’αž˜αŸ‚αžšαž›αžΎαž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž’αžŸαŸ‹αž“αž·αž™αžΆαž™ αž›αžΎαž€αž›αŸ‚αž„αžαŸ‚αž…αžΆαžšαŸ‰αžΆαž™ αž“αž·αž„αžšαžŠαŸ‚αŸ” αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαžΎαž˜αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž‚αžΊαž‡αžΆαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž—αžΆαž‚αž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αž˜αž½αž™αž“αŸ…αžαŸαžαŸ’αžαž˜αžŽαŸ’αžŒαž‚αžΉαžšαžΈ αž”αŸ‰αž»αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž“αŸαŸ‡αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αžΆαž“αž‘αž‘αž½αž›αžŸαŸ’αž‚αžΆαž›αŸ‹αž‡αžΆ αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž—αžΆαž‚αžαž·αž…αž“αŸ…αž€αž˜αŸ’αž–αž»αž‡αžΆαŸ” αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž“αŸαŸ‡αž‚αžΊαž‡αžΆαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž˜αž½αž™αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž“αž·αž™αžΆαž™αž—αžΆαžŸαžΆαžαŸ’αž˜αŸ‚αžšαž˜αž“ (Mon-Khmer) αž αžΎαž™αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž‡αžΏαžαžΆ αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžαŸ’αž›αž½αž“αž”αžΆαž“αžαžΆαŸ†αž„αž‘αžΈαž›αŸ†αž“αŸ…αž“αŸ…αžαŸαžαŸ’αžαž˜αžŽαŸ’αžŒαž›αž‚αž·αžšαžΈαž”αŸ’αžšαž˜αžΆαžŽαž‡αžΆαŸ’αŸ αŸ αŸ αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αž˜αž€αž αžΎαž™αŸ”β€‹ αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž˜αžΆαž“αž’αž”αž·αž™αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΏαž‘αŸ…αž›αžΎαž”αžšαž·αžŸαŸ’αžαžΆαž“αž’αž˜αŸ’αž˜αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ… αžŠαžΌαž…αž‡αžΆαžŸαžαŸ’αžœ αžšαž»αž€αŸ’αžαž‡αžΆαžαž· αž—αŸ’αž“αŸ† αžαŸ’αž˜ αž“αž·αž„αž€αŸ’αžšαž‘αž‡αžΆαžŠαžΎαž˜β€‹ αž’αžΆαž…αž“αž·αž™αžΆαž™αž”αžΆαž“αžαžΆ αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž˜αžΆαž“αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΏαž‘αŸ…αž›αžΎαž’αŸ’αžœαžΈαž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž’αžŸαŸ‹αŸ” αž–αž½αž€αž™αžΎαž„αž‡αžΆαžŸαž·αžŸαŸ’αžŸαžŸαžΆαž›αžΆαž’αž“αŸ’αžαžšαž‡αžΆαžαž·αž‘αŸƒαž αŸ’αž‚αŸαžšαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž€αŸ†αž–αž»αž„αžŸαž·αž€αŸ’αžŸαžΆαžŸαŸ’αžšαžΆαžœαž‡αŸ’αžšαžΆαžœαž’αŸ†αž–αžΈαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαžΎαž˜αž—αžΆαž‚ αžαž·αž…αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αŸ” αž–αž½αž€αž™αžΎαž„αž”αžΆαž“αž…αž»αŸ‡αž‘αžŸαŸ’αžŸαž“αŸˆαž€αž·αž…αŸ’αž…αžŸαž·αž€αŸ’αžŸαžΆαž“αŸ…αžαŸαžαŸ’αžαž˜αžŽαŸ’αžŒαž›αž‚αž·αžšαžΈαžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈαž™αž›αŸ‹αžŠαžΉαž„αž–αžΈαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž˜αž½αž™αž“αŸαŸ‡αŸ” αž™αžΎαž„αž”αžΆαž“αž‘αž‘αž½αž›αž–αŸαžαŸŒαž˜αžΆαž“αž‡αžΆαž…αŸ’αžšαŸαžΈαž“αžŠαžΌαž…αž‡αžΆ αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈαžœαž”αŸ’αž”αž’αž˜αŸŒ αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΏ αž€αžΆαžšαž’αž”αŸ‹αžšαŸ† αž“αž·αž„αž˜αžΆαž“αž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αž‘αŸ€αžαž–αžΈαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„ αž“αž·αž„αž”αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αžŠαž·αžαžšαžΌαž”αž—αžΆαž–αž‡αžΆαž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αž–αžΈαžšαž”αŸ€αž”αžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ…αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αŸ” αž‡αžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž“αžΉαž„αž–αŸαžαŸŒαž˜αžΆαž“αž“αž·αž„αžšαžΌαž”αžαžαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž™αžΎαž„αž‘αž‘αž½ αž›αž”αžΆαž“ αž™αžΎαž„αžŸαž„αŸ’αžƒαžΉαž˜αžαžΆαž˜αž·αžαŸ’αžαž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž’αžΆαž“αž“αžΉαž„αž™αž›αŸ‹αžŠαžΉαž„αž”αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž˜αž–αžΈαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαžΎαž˜αž—αžΆαž‚ αžαž·αž…αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž“αŸ…αž”αŸ’αžšαž‘αŸαžŸαž€αž˜αŸ’αž–αž»αž‡αžΆαŸ”

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αžαžΎαž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžŠαžΉαž„αž‘αŸ?

αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαžΎαž˜αž—αžΆαž‚αžαž·αž…αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αžΆαž“αž‘αž‘αž½αž› αžŸαŸ’αž‚αžΆαž›αŸ‹αžαžΆαž‡αžΆαž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž€αžΆαžšαž–αžΆαžšαž‡αžΈαžœαž·αžαž’αž“αž’αžΆαž“ αž’αž˜αŸ’αž˜αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž–αž·αž—αž–αž›αŸ„αž€αŸ”αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαž αŸ‹αžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ…αžŠαŸ„αž™αž–αžΉαž„αž•αŸ’αž’αŸ‚αž€αž‘αŸ…αž›αžΎαž’αž˜αŸ’αž˜αž‡αžΆαžαž·αŸ” αž™αŸ„αž„αž‘αŸ…αžαžΆαž˜αž‚αŸαž αž‘αŸ†αž–αŸαžš Cultural​ Survival​ αž“αŸ…αž›αžΎαž–αž·αž—αž–αž›αŸ„αž€αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αŸ’αžšαž»αž˜αž‡αž“ αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαžΎαž˜αž—αžΆαž‚αžαž·αž…αž…αŸ†αž“αž½αž“αŸ₯αŸ αŸ αŸ αž€αŸ’αžšαž»αž˜ αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαžΎαž˜αž—αžΆαž‚αžαž·αž… αž”αŸ’αžšαž˜αžΆαžŽαž‡αžΆαŸ£αŸ§αŸ αž›αžΆαž“αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹β€‹αž αžΎαž™ ៧០%αžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ…αž‘αŸ’αžœαžΈαž”αž’αžΆαžŸαŸŠαžΈαŸ” αžŸαž–αŸ’αžœαžαŸ’αž„αŸƒαž“αŸαŸ‡ αž‡αž“ αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž—αžΆαž‚αžαž·αž…αž“αŸ…αž›αžΎαž–αž·αž—αž–αž›αŸ„αž€αž€αŸ†αž–αž»αž„αž”αŸ’αžšαžΎ αž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž”αŸ’αžšαž αŸ‚αž›αŸ€αŸ αŸ αŸ  αž—αžΆαžŸαžΆαžαž»αžŸαŸ—αž‚αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ”β€‹


Introduction Based on information from the Ministry of Rural Development, there are 24 different groups of indigenous people in Cambodia. The groups with the most population are Phnong, Kouy and Kreung. Most of the groups are located in northeastern Cambodia. The Indigenous Community Support Organization (ICSO) website states that an estimated 160,000 people or 1.5 percent of the Cambodian population are indigenous people. These indigenous people live in 455 communities. They can be authorized as a nation according to their culture, tradition, language, food, identification, how they control their community, and how long they have lived in a place. They speak two main languages: Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian) spoken by the indigenous minorities, Jarai and Rhade; and Austroasiatic (Mon-Khmer) spoken by all Cambodian highlanders, except Jarai and Rhade. Phnong is the majority indigenous group in Mondulkiri province, but they are known as a minority in Cambodia. They speak the Mon-Khmer language and believe that they have been living in Mondulkiri for around 2,000 years. Their belief is animistic, which means the Phnong believe in the spirits within their natural environment like animals, plants, hills, stones, jars and others. We, the Phnong Exploration team at Liger Learning Center in Phnom Penh, took a field trip to Mondulkiri to discover about the Phnong. We collected data directly from Phnong people about their cultural traditions, superstitions, education and more. We also took plenty of pictures of the Phnong’s lifestyle, so we can explain to you more about them. With information collected by us and the pictures we took, we hope you enjoy learning more about the Phnong minority in Cambodia.

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Did you know? Indigenous people are known as an important group of people that protect the world’s wildlife. Their lives depend on their natural environments. According to the Cultural Survival website, there are 5,000 different groups with approximately 370 million indigenous people in the world​ and 70 percents of them are located in Asia. Today, indigenous people around the world speak 4,000 different languages.


αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΏβ€‹β€‹& αž–αž·αž’αžΈαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžšαž–αŸ’αž’ αž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαž€αž”αŸ‹αžαŸ’αž˜αŸ„αž…β€‹ αž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαžαŸ†αžŽαž˜β€‹ αž“αž·αž„αž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαž’αžΆαžšαž€αŸ’αžŸ

αž™αŸ„αž„αž‘αŸ…αžαžΆαž˜αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαž·αž€αŸ’αžŸαžΆαžŸαŸ’αžšαžΆαžœαž‡αŸ’αžšαžΆαžœαž–αžΈαžŸαž αž‚αž˜αž“αŸαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„ αž™αžΎαž„αž”αžΆαž“αžŠαžΉαž„αžαžΆαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž˜αžΆαž“αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΏαž‘αŸ…αž›αžΎαž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαž”αžΈαž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αŸ” αžαžΆαž„αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž˜αž“αžΉαž„

αž“αž·αž™αžΆαž™αž–αžΈαž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž”αžΈαž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘αŸ”αž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαž€αž”αŸ‹αžαŸ’αž˜αŸ„αž…αž‡αžΆαž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαž˜αž½αž™αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž˜αžΆαž“αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΏαž‘αŸ…αž›αžΎαŸ”αž‡ ​ αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαžΎαž˜αž—αžΆαž‚αžαž·αž…αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž˜αž·αž“αž’αžΆαž…αž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αž»αŸ‡αžŸαž–αž“αŸ… αž€αž“αŸ’αž›αŸ‚αž„αž•αŸ’αžŸαŸαž„αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ…αž–αžΈαž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαž€αž”αŸ‹αžαŸ’αž˜αŸ„αž…αž“αŸαŸ‡αž”αžΆαž“αž‘αŸαŸ”β€‹ αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αž»αŸ‡αžŸαž– αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αžαŸ‚αž„αžαŸ‚αžŠαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαž˜αŸ’αž—αžΆαžšαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžšαž”αžšαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžŸαŸ’αž›αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž”αžΆαž“αž”αŸ’αžšαžΎ

αž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž‘αŸ…αžαžΆαž˜αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž–αžΈαž–αŸ’αžšαŸ„αŸ‡αž‚αŸαž‚αž·αžαžαžΆαž”αžΎαžŸαž·αž“αž‡αžΆαž‚αŸαž”αžΆαž“αžŸαŸ’αž›αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž‘αŸ…αž αžΎαž™αžαŸ‚αž–αŸ’αžšαž›αžΉαž„αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžŸαŸ’αž›αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž“αŸ…αžαŸ‚αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž€αžΆαžšαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž“αŸ„αŸ‡αžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈαž”αŸ’αžšαžΎαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αŸ” αž”αžΎαžŸαž·αž“αž‡αžΆαž˜αžΆαž“αž“αžšαžŽαžΆαž™αž€αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžšαž”αžšαž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž“αŸ„αŸ‡ αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž“αžΉαž„αž˜αžΆαž“αž‡αŸ†αž„αžΊαžŠαžΌαž…αž“αŸαŸ‡ αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αž“αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αžšαž“αŸ‹αžŸαŸ‚αž“αž–αŸ’αžšαŸαž“αžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈαž’αŸ„αž™αžŸαŸ‡αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαž™αž‘αžΎαž„αžœαž·αž‰αŸ”β€‹ αž‡αžΆαžšαŸ€αž„αžšαžΆαž›αŸ‹αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαžΎαž˜αž—αžΆαž‚αžαž·αž…αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž‡αž½αž”αž‡αž»αŸ†αž€αŸ’αžšαž»αž˜αž‚αŸ’αžšαž½αžŸαžΆαžšαž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžšαž–αŸ’αž’αž–αž·αž’αžΈαž§αž‘αž·αŸ’αž‘αžŸαž€αž»αžŸαž›αžŠαž›αŸ‹αž”αž»αž–αŸ’αžœαž€αžΆαžšαžΈαž‡αž“αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸ αžŠαŸ„αž™αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžš αžŸαŸ‚αž“αž‡αŸ’αžšαžΌαž€αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž˜αžΌαž›αž–αŸ’αžšαž˜αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž•αžΉαž€αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΆαžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈαž’αž”αž’αžšαŸ”

αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž‡αžΏαžαžΆαž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαžαŸ†αžŽαž˜αž‡αžΆαž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαžŠαŸ‚αž›αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž–αžΆαžšαžŠαŸ„αž™αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžαžΆαž αžΎαž™αž‚αŸαž‡αžΏαž‘αŸ€αžαžαžΆαžœαžΆαž‚αžΊαž‡αžΆαž”αŸαŸ‡αžŠαžΌαž„αž“αŸƒαž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžαžΆαŸ”αž”αžΎαž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž˜αžΆαž“αž‡αŸ†αž„αžΊαžŠαŸ„

αž™αžŸαžΆαžšαžαŸ‚αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΆαž”αŸ‹αžˆαžΎαž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžšαž–αŸ’αžœαž–αž·αž’αžΈαžŸαŸ‚αž“αž–αŸ’αžšαŸαž“αž“αŸ…αž€αž“αŸ’αž›αŸ‚αž„αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž”αžΆαž“αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαžαž»αžŸαŸ”β€‹β€‹αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž‡αžΏαž‘αŸ…αž›αžΎαž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαž”αžΈαž”αŸ’αžšαž—αŸαž‘ αž αžΎαž™αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž…αŸ† αžŽαŸ„αž˜αž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž“αŸ„αŸ‡αž‚αžΊαž˜αžΆαž“αž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαž˜αž½αž™αž αŸ…αžαžΆαž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαž’αžΆαžšαž€αŸ’αžŸαŸ”αž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαž’αžΆαžšαž€αŸ’αžŸαž‚αžΊαž‡αžΆαž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž€αžΆαžšαž”αž½αž„αžŸαž½αž„αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž–αž·αž’αžΈαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžšαž–αŸ’αž’αž•αŸ’αžŸαŸαž„αŸ—αŸ” αž αŸαžαž»αž•αž› αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž‡αžΏαž‘αŸ…αž›αžΎαž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαž“αŸ„αŸ‡ αž–αŸ’αžšαŸ„αŸ‡αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž‚αž·αžαžαžΆαž˜αžΆαž“αž’αžΆαžšαž€αŸ’αžŸαž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžαžΆαžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ…

αž‘αžΈαž“αŸ„αŸ‡αŸ” αžŠαžΌαž…αŸ’αž“αŸαŸ‡ αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž˜αž·αž“αž’αžΆαž…αž™αž€αž’αŸ’αžœαžΈαž…αŸαž‰αž–αžΈαž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαž“αŸ„αŸ‡αž”αžΆαž“αž‘αŸ αžŠαŸ„αž™αžŸαžΆαžšαžœαžΆαž‡αžΆαž€αž˜αŸ’αž˜αžŸαž·αž‘αŸ’αž’αž·αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž’αžΆαžšαž€αŸ’αžŸαž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžαžΆ αž αžΎαž™αž”αŸ’αžšαžŸαž·αž“αž”αžΎαž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž™αž€αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž’αŸ’αžœαžΈαž…αŸαž‰ αž’αžΆαžšαž€αŸ’αžŸαž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžαžΆαž“αžΉαž„αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž±αŸ’αž™αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαžˆαžΊαŸ”

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Belief & Ceremony BURIAL, PROTECTED & SPIRITUAL FORESTS Through our experience within Phnong communities, we learned there are three types of forests that they believe in: Burial, Protected and Spiritual Forests. Phnong cannot be buried anywhere else besides their Burial Forest.Γ’€‹The dead are buried with their personal belongings because they believe that even though they are dead, their spirit still needs some stuff to use. If someone takes these belongings, they will get sick, so they need to make an offer to the spirit to get well again. Every year, the Phnong gather with their family to celebrate the souls of dead relatives, often having a whole pig and drinking wine in their honor. Phnong people believe that the Protected Forest is guarded by spirits and the heart of the spirits. If they are sick from cutting down trees, they need to make an offering at the specific place where they cut the trees. The Spiritual Forest is a forest where Phnong worship when they have a ceremony. Phnong people believe in this forest because they think that there are spirits who live in the forest. So they are not allowed to take anything out of the forest because it belongs to the spirits and if they take anything out the spirits will make them sick.

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αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαž˜αŸ’αžŠαŸ‚αž„αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„

αž‚αŸαž…αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž•αŸ’αžαžΎαž˜αž–αž·αž’αžΈαžŸαŸ‚αž“αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœ αž–αŸαž›αž–αŸ’αžšαž½αžŸαžŸαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž˜αŸ’αžαž„ αž–αŸαž›αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αŸ‚αž€αž‚αž»αž˜αŸ’αž–αž˜αŸ’αžαž„

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αž“αž·αž„αžœαžαŸ’αžαž»αžŸαŸαž€αŸ’αžαžŸαž·αž‘αŸ’αž’αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαžŽαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αŸ” αžŠαžΌαž…αŸ’αž“αŸαŸ‡αž…αžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž‘αž»αŸ†αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αž„αŸ’αžšαŸ€αž“αžšαž”αžΆαŸ†

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αž“αž·αž„αžŠαŸ†αžŽαžΎαžšαž€αžΆαžšαžŠαžΆαŸ†αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αžΆαž“αžšαž›αžΌαž“αŸ”

αž’αžΆαžšαž€αŸ’αžŸαž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžαžΆαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž“αŸ…αž‡αŸ†αž»αžœαž·αž‰αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαŸ” αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž”αŸ’αžšαžΎαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž§αž”αž€αžšαžŽαŸ

αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž„αž“αž·αž„ αžŸαž˜αŸ’αž›αŸ€αž€αž”αŸ†αž–αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž•αŸ’αžŸαŸαž„αŸ—αž‚αŸ’αž“αžΆαž’αžΆαžŸαŸ’αžšαŸαž™αžαžΆαž˜αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαž˜αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž„αŸ” αž€αžΆαžšαžšαžΆαŸ† αž”αŸ‚αž”αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈαžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αžΆαž“αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž„αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž”αžΌαž‡αžΆαžŸαžαŸ’αžœαžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž”αŸ‹

αž–αž·αž’αžΈαž‘αŸ…αžαžΆαž˜αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž‚αŸαŸ”β€‹αžΉ αž§αž‘αžΆαž αžšαžŽαŸ αž”αžΎαžŸαž·αž“αž‡αžΆαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž”αžΌαž‡αžΆαž€αŸ’αžšαž”αžΈ αž˜αž½αž™αž€αŸ’αž”αžΆαž›αž–αž½αž€ αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαžαŸ‚αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž„αžŠαŸ„αž™αž‡αžΏαžαžΆαž€αŸ’αžšαž”αžΈαž“αžΉαž„αž˜αž·αž“αž”αž„αŸ’αž‚αž—αžΆαž– αž αŸ’αžœαžΉαž€αž αŸ’αžœαžšαž“αžΉαž„αžŸαŸ’αžαžΆαž”αŸ‹αž”αž„αŸ’αž‚αžΆαž”αŸ‹αŸ”

αž–αž·αž’αžΈαžŸαŸ‚αž“αž–αŸ’αžšαŸαž“

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αžαŸ‚αž‚αŸαž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž–αž·αž’αžΈαž“αŸαŸ‡αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž…αŸ’αžšαžΌαžαžŸαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαžšαž½αž…αŸ” αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž™αž–αŸαž›αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž…αŸ’αžšαžΌαžαž€αžΆαžαŸ‹ αž αžΎαž™αž‚αŸ’αžšαž½αžŸαžΆαžšαžαžΆαž„αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΈαž“αž·αž„αžαžΆαž„αž”αŸ’αžšαž»αžŸαž”αžΆαž“αž’αž‰αŸ’αž‡αžΎαž‰αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž—αžΌαž˜αž·αž“αž·αž„


BELIEF & CEREMONY Rice ceremony Phnong hold a rice ceremony three times per year. The first ceremony is when they start growing the rice. The second ceremony is when the rice starts to grow big, and the last ceremony is when they finish harvesting and gathering the rice. They always celebrate the rice ceremonies every year for happiness and more rice yields.

PHNONG PERFORMANCE

Phnong dance performances are important to their culture and animistic beliefs, so the older generation tries to teach traditional dance to the younger generation. They dance to appease the spirits that surround them. Different dances are followed by different instruments and costumes. A traditional dance is also performed when they sacrifice animals for ceremonies throughout the year. For instance, if the Phnong people sacrifice a buffalo, they believe they must perform to calm the buffalo, otherwise the buffalo will be restless and move around a lot.

Dedicating Celebration Dedicating or forgiving celebrations have been a part of Phnong traditional ceremonies since​a long time ago. When someone misbehaves or makes mistakes, Phnong believe their ancestors and spirits will get mad and harm that person. In order to fix their wrongdoing, they must sacrifice chickens or pigs and offer wine. But, if someone has misbehaved in a serious way, the spirits could cause them to die, so they need to sacrifice a buffalo to get well.

Some performances occur many times a year, but some are held more often such as the wine drinking ceremony. The performance happens when they celebrate Phnong New Year and when there are new settlers to welcome them to their community. Instruments that are played at the ceremony are kung, gong, kareng, and flute. A significant part of their hospitality, the newcomers hold the stick inside a wine jar, and the Phnong people recite the words to them so that the spirits will bless them with good luck. Phnong cultural celebrations include:

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Wedding Ceremony Before a couple gets married, the groom’s family is required to bring as many gifts as possible to the bride’s family. Phnong people are free to love and marry whomever they want. The parents are interested in observing the man’s personality before the couple get married because they are scared that he will not take care of their daughter in the future. Usually, Phnong celebrate a wedding ceremony


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αž’αž”αž·αž™αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΏαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž–αŸ’αž“αž„

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αž€αž”αŸ‹αž“αŸ…αž– ​ αŸ’αžšαŸƒαž€αž”αŸ‹αžαŸ’αž˜αŸ„αž… αžšαž½αž˜αž‡αžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž“αžΉαž„αžŸαž˜αŸ’αž—αžΆαžšαŸˆαž”αŸ’αžšαžΎαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹ αž–αŸ’αžšαž˜

αžŸαžΆαž”αž–αŸ’αžšαž½αžŸαž‘αŸ…αž€αŸ’αž˜αŸαž„αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΆαž“αŸ‹αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž™αŸ” αž˜αž“αž»αžŸαŸ’αžŸαž‚αŸ’αžšαž”αŸ‹αž‚αŸ’αž“αžΆαž“αŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžŸαž αž‚αž˜αž“αŸ

αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αžŠαžΆαž€αŸ‹αž–αžΆαž„αžαžΌαž…αž˜αž½αž™αž“αŸ…αžαžΆαž„αž˜αž»αžαž•αŸ’αž“αžΌαžšαžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈαžŸαŸ‚αž“αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΆαŸ” αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž‘αž˜αŸ’αž›αž»αŸ‡

αž”αžΆαž“αž‡αžΏαž›αžΎαž’αž”αž·αž™αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΏαž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž“αŸ„αŸ‡αŸ” αž§αž‘αžΆαž αžšαžŽαŸ αž€αžΆαžšαž€αžΆαžαŸ‹αž€αŸ’αžšαž…αž€αžŠαŸƒ

αž”αžΆαžαž–αžΆαž„αžŠαŸ„αž™αž˜αžΆαž“αž˜αžΌαž›αž αŸαžαž»αž–αžΈαžš αž‘αžΈαž˜αž½αž™αž‚αžΊαž˜αž·αž“αž²αŸ’αž™αž…αŸ„αžšαž›αž½αž…αž–αžΆαž„ αž‘αžΈαž–αžΈαžš ​

αž‡αžΎαž„αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž–αž€ ួ αž‚αŸαž“αŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž„ ុ αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸ‡αž–αž› េ αž™αž”αŸ‹αž”αž“αŸ’αž‘αž” អ ម αŸ‹ αž€αžαŸ’αž˜αž… αŸ„ αž“αžΉαž„αž…αžΌαž›αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸ‡αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹

αž‚αžΊαž²αŸ’αž™αž˜αŸ’αž αžΌαž”αž’αžΆαž αžΆαžšαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž‚αŸαž”αžΆαž“αž§αž‘αž·αŸ’αž‘αžŸαž‘αŸ…αžŠαž›αŸ‹αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž”αžΆαž“β€‹αž…αŸ‚αž€β€‹αž‹αžΆαž“β€‹

αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαŸ” αž αžΎαž™αž“αž·αž„αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαž·αžαžŸαž€αŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž“αŸ…αž›αžΎαž‡αžŽαŸ’αžαžΎαžšαž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›

αžŸαž–αž‘αžΎαž™ αž–αŸ’αžšαŸ„αŸ‡αž‚αŸαž‡αžΏαžαžΆαžœαž·αž‰αŸ’αž‰αžΆαžŽαž€αŸαž“αŸ’αž’αž“αŸ„αŸ‡αž“αž·αž„αžšαž›αžΆαž™αž”αžΆαžαŸ‹αŸ”

αž“αžΉαž„αž™αžΆαž™αžΈαž”αŸ’αžαžΈαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαŸ”

αž‘αŸ…αŸ”β€‹αžŠαŸ†αž”αžΌαž›αž•αŸ’αž“αžΌαžšαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž–αžΈαžŸαŸαž„αŸ’αž€αžŸαžΈαŸ” αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž˜αž·αž“αž”αžΌαž‡αžΆαžŸαžΆαž€β€‹

αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž”αŸ’αžαžΈαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαžŠαžΎαžšαž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒ ​ β€‹αž“αŸ„αŸ‡αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž‡αžΏαžαžΆαž“αžΉαž„αž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαžαŸ’αžœαžαŸ’αž›αžΆαž’αžΆαž…

αž“αŸ…αž€αŸ’αž”αŸ‚αžšβ€‹αž“αŸ„αŸ‡αž‚αŸαž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΆ αžŸαžΆαž…αŸ‹αžŸαŸ†αžšαžΆαž”αŸ‹αž‡αž”αŸ‹αž›αŸ€αž„αžŠαž›αŸ‹αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžŠαŸ‚αž›β€‹ αž”αžΆαž“αž…αŸ‚αž€αž‹αžΆαž“ αž’αŸ„αž™αž‘αŸ…αž€αžΆαž“αŸ‹αžŸαž»αžαž‚αž·αžαž·αž—αž–αŸ” αžšαž½αž…αž‚αŸαž‘αž»αž€αž…αžΆαž“

αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αž„αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžšαž”αžšαž€αŸ’αž”αŸ‚αžš αž“αŸ„αŸ‡αžŠαŸ„αž™αž‚αŸαž‡αžΏαžαžΆ αžœαžΆαž‡αžΆαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž…αŸ‚αž€αž‹αžΆαž“αž‘αŸ…αŸ”

αž–αž·αž’αžΈαžŸαŸ‚αž“αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžαžΆ

αž›αŸ„αž€αž’αŸŠαž€αžΆ β€‹αŸ†αž» αžŸαŸ‹ αž‘αžΌαžœαž”αžΆαž“αž–αž·αž–αžŽαŸαž“αžΆαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαž”αŸ‹αž™αžΎαž„αž–αžΈαž‘αžΈαžαžΆαŸ†αž„αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžαžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž€αž“αŸ’αž›αŸ‚αž„ αž“αŸ…αž‡αž·αžαž•αŸ’αž“αžΌαžšαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž–αž½αž€αž™αžΎαž„αž”αžΆαž“αž‘αŸ…αž˜αžΎαž›αŸ” αž˜αž½αž™αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αž‚αŸαž˜αžΆαž“ αž–αž·αž’αžΈαžŸαŸ‚αž“ αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžαžΆαž“αŸαŸ‡αž–αžΈαžšαžŠαž„αŸ” αž‚αŸαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžšαž–αŸ’αž’αž–αž·αž’αžΈαž“αŸαŸ‡ αž–αŸ’αžšαŸ„αŸ‡αž‚αŸ αž…αž„αŸ‹αž”αžΆαž“αž‘αžΉαž€αž—αŸ’αž›αŸ€αž„

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Wine distilling αž€αžΆαžšαž”αž·αžαžŸαŸ’αžšαžΆ


BELIEF & CEREMONY Spiritual Ceremony Kas Tov described to us one spiritual shrine near the grave that we visited. Every year they have to do this ceremony twice for their ancestors’ spirits. They hold this ceremony because they want to bring rainfall, safety, good health and good luck. This ceremony is led by elders. When they celebrate this they offer pigs and wine to the spirits. At the end of the ceremony, they drink wine and have fun with each other. If anyone walks past the place while this ceremony is going on, they will call that person to join the ceremony with them to have fun together.

when they finish gathering the rice. Two or three days after harvesting, the couple’s families will start to invite guests and elders to the wedding. Their wedding lasts for one day. During the wedding, they offer food in their ancestors’ honor and guests tie a holy thread on the bride and groom. Participants will bring the hosts gifts such as wine, some food, meat, costumes and some animals to enjoy together. Funeral ceremony The Phnong people have a seven-day ceremony in their culture. When they finish the ceremony, they bury the dead body in their community’s burial forest. They also bury the dead person’s personal things (clothes, jewelry, etc.) along with them and leave a jar in front of the tomb in which to place a wine offering. The Phnong remove the base from this jar for two reasons: one is so that the jar doesn’t get stolen and the second is so the food that they dedicate can go directly to the dead body. The roofs of Phnong tombs are made out of zinc. They don’t burn their dead because they believe that it hurts the spirits. Before finishing the celebration, they have a farewell party in front of the tomb to give the person a good send off to rest in peace. After the party, they leave all the stuff there.

PHNONG SUPERSTITIONS Phnong have many superstitions, which are ideas passed from elders to the younger generation. Everyone in their community believes in these superstitions. Two examples include: cutting their nails in the house at night and combing their hair on the stairs when their husbands go to the forest. They believe if you cut your nails in the house at night, a ghost will haunt you.. They also believe if a husband goes into the forest and his wife combs her hair on the stairs while he is away, a tiger might bite her husband in the forest.

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αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΏβ€‹αž“αž·αž„αž–αž·αž’αžΈαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžšαž–αŸ’αž’

αž‘αž·αžŠαŸ’αž‹αž—αžΆαž–αž–αžΈαž…αž˜αŸ’αž„αžΆαž™αž“αŸƒαž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαž€αž”αŸ‹αžαŸ’αž˜αŸ„αž…αŸ” Long distanced view to the Burial Forest.

αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž‡αžΆαž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΆαž“αŸ‹αž”αžΆαž“αž”αŸ’αžšαžΎαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž’αžŽαŸ’αžαžΌαž„αž‘αžΉαž€αž’αž˜αŸ’αž˜αž‡αžΆαžαž· αž“αŸαŸ‡ αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž”αŸ’αžšαž—αž–αž…αŸαž‰ αž–αžΈαž—αŸ’αž“αŸ†αž‡αžΆαž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αž˜αž€αž αžΎαž™αŸ” Phnong people and their ancestors have been using this natural mountain well water for many years.

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Protected Forest

Burial Forest

BELIEF & CEREMONY

αž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαžαŸ†αžŽαž˜

Spiritual Forest

αž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαž€αž”αŸ‹αžαŸ’αž˜αŸ„αž…

Phnong Tomb

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αž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαž’αžΆαžšαž€αŸ’αžŸ

αž•αŸ’αž“αžΌαžšαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„


αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΏβ€‹αž“αž·αž„αž–αž·αž’αžΈαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžšαž–αŸ’αž’

αž›αŸ„αž€αžαžΆ αž‰αŸαŸ‡ αž›αŸαž„ αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž’αžΆαž™αž»αž‡αž·αž αŸ¨αŸ αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ† αž’αžΆαž…αž…αŸ’αžšαŸ€αž„ αž›αŸαž„ αžαŸ’αž›αž»αž™ αž“αž·αž„αž‚αž„αžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈ αž”αž„αŸ’αž αžΆαž‰ αž“αž·αž„αžšαž€αŸ’αžŸαžΆαžœαž”αŸ’αž”αž’αž˜αŸŒαž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αŸ” Nhel Lang is almost 80 years old. He sings or plays flute and gong to preserve the old Phnong culture.

αž‘αŸ„αŸ‡αž‡αžΆαž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž–αž·αž€αžΆαžš αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž“αŸ…αžαŸ‚αž’αžΆαž…αž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžΎαžαž€αž„αžšαŸ‚αž„ (αž§αž”αž€αžšαžŽαŸŒ αž—αŸ’αž›αŸαž„) αž¬αž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžΎαžαž‘αŸ†αž“αž»αž€αž—αŸ’αž›αŸαž„αžŠαŸ„αž™αžαŸ’αž›αž½αž“αž―αž„αŸ”Even though this man is blind, he makes his own bamboo instruments(Kang Reng) and creates his own songs.

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BELIEF & CEREMONY

αžαŸ’αž‘αž˜αž’αžΆαžšαž€αŸ’αžŸαž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžαžΆ Spiritual Shrine

αž–αž·αž’αžΈαžŸαž˜αŸ’αžŠαŸ‚αž„ αž“αž·αž„αž•αžΊαž€αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΆ Performance & wine drinking.

αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžŠαŸ‚αž„αž‡αžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž“αžΊαž„αžŸαž˜αŸ’αž›αŸ€αž€αž”αŸ†αž–αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈ Performers with traditional costume

αžœαžαŸ’αžαž»αž€αž˜αŸ’αžšαž•αŸ’αžŸαŸαž„αŸ—αžšαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž”αŸ‹αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαžαŸ†αž” αŸ’αž“αžΆβ€‹ ុរអណ Mixed rare stuff for traditional medicine

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αž€αžΆαžšαžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ…αž”αŸ‚αž”αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈ αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸ‡αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈ αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸ‡αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αžŸαžΆαž„αžŸαž„αŸ‹αž–αžΈαž«αžŸαŸ’αžŸαžΈ αžŸαŸ’αž”αžΌαžœ αž“αž·αž„αžŸαž˜αŸ’αž—αžΆαžšαž’αž˜αŸ’αž˜αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž•αŸ’αžŸαŸαž„αŸ—αž‘αŸ€αžαŸ” αž‡αžΆαž’αž˜αŸ’αž˜αžαžΆ αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸ‡αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž“αŸαŸ‡ αž…αŸ†αžŽαžΆαž™αž–αŸαž›αž”αžΈαžαŸ‚αžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈαžŸαžΆαž„αžŸαž„αŸ‹αŸ” αž€αžΆαž›αž–αžΈαžŠαžΎαž˜ αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž· αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž‡αžΆαž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž‘αžΈαž›αŸ†αž“αŸ…αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈ αž”αŸ‰αž»αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αžŸαž–αŸ’αžœαžαŸ’αž„αŸƒαž“αŸαŸ‡ αžœαžΆαžŸαŸ’αž‘αžΎαžšαžαŸ‚αž”αžΆαžαŸ‹αž”αž„αŸ‹αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αžŸαŸ’αžšαž»αž„αž‘αŸ…αž αžΎαž™αŸ” αž“αŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸ‡αž—αžΆαž‚αž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“ αž‚αŸαž˜αžΆαž“αžŠαžΆαž€αŸ‹αž–αžΆαž„αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž…αŸ†αž“αž½αž“ αžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈαž‘αž‘αž½αž›αž‘αžΆαž“αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž˜αž½αž™ αžŸαž”αŸ’αžŠαžΆαž αŸαž˜αŸ’αžŠαž„ αž¬αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž–αž·αž’αžΈαž”αž»αžŽαŸ’αž™αž•αŸ’αžŸαŸαž„αŸ—αŸ”αž‚αŸαž…αŸ‚αž€αž€αž“αŸ’αž›αŸ‚αž„αž‚αŸαž„αž‡αžΆαž–αžΈαžš αž•αŸ’αž“αŸ‚αž€αŸ” αž˜αŸ’αžαžΆαž„αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž”αŸ‹αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΈαŸ— αž αžΎαž™αž˜αŸ’αžαžΆαž„αž‘αŸ€αžαžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž”αŸ‹αž”αŸ’αžšαž»αžŸαŸ—αŸ” αž‡αžΆαž‘αžΌαž‘αŸ… αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž…αž˜αŸ’αž’αž·αž“αž”αžΆαž™αž“αŸ…αž€αžŽαŸ’αžŠαžΆαž›αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸ‡ αž αžΎαž™αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŠαžΆαž€αŸ‹ αž…αž„αŸ’αž’αŸαžšαžŸαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž“αŸ…αžαžΆαž„αž›αžΎ αžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈαžŸαž˜αŸ’αž„αž½αžαžœαžΆαžŠαŸ„αž™αž”αŸ’αžšαžΎαž•αŸ’αžŸαŸ‚αž„αž—αŸ’αž›αžΎαž„αž…αŸαž‰αž–αžΈαž€αžΆ αžšαž…αž˜αŸ’αž’αž·αž“αž“αŸ„αŸ‡αŸ” αž˜αŸ’αž αžΌαž”αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈ αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαž˜αŸ’αž›αž”αŸ’αžšαž…αžΆαŸ†αžαŸ’αžšαž€αžΌαž›αž‡αžΆαž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αž˜αž»αžαŸ” αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹ αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαžŸαž˜αŸ’αž›αž”αž»αž€αž”αžΈαž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αž˜αŸ’αžŠαž„αž“αŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž–αž·αž’αžΈαž”αž»αžŽαŸ’αž™αž•αŸ’αžŸαŸαž„αŸ—αŸ” αžšαžΈαž―αžŸαž˜αŸ’αž›αž›αŸ’αžœαŸ‚ αž˜αžΆαž“αž›αž€αŸ’αžαžŽαŸˆαžŸαŸ’αžšαžŠαŸ€αž„αž‘αŸ…αž“αžΉαž„αžŸαž˜αŸ’αž›αž”αŸ’αžšαž αžΎαžš αž”αŸ‰αž»αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αžŸαž˜αŸ’αž› αž›αŸ’αžœαŸ‚αžαžΆαž”αŸ‹αž‡αžΆαž„αžŸαž˜αŸ’αž›αž”αŸ’αžšαž αžΎαžšαž”αž“αŸ’αžαž·αž…αŸ” αž”αžΎαž“αž·αž™αžΆαž™αž–αžΈαž‚αŸ’αžšαžΏαž„αžœαž·αž‰ αž‚αŸαžŠαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŠαžΌαž…αžŸαž˜αŸ’αž›αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžαŸ’αž˜αŸ‚αžšαžŠαŸ‚αžš αž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαŸ’αž€αžš αž’αŸ†αž”αž·αž› αž“αž·αž„αž‘αžΉαž€αžαŸ’αžšαžΈαž‡αžΆαžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ” αž“αŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž–αž·αž’αžΈαž˜αž„αŸ’αž‚αž›αž€αžΆαžš αž‚αŸαž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαžŸαž˜αŸ’αž›αžœαž»αž·αŸ”

αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžŸαž˜αŸ’αž›αž“αŸαŸ‡ αž‚αŸαžŠαžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŸαžΆαž…αŸ‹αž‚αŸ„ αž‡αžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž“αžΉαž„αž–αŸ„αŸ‡αžœαŸ€αž“αž‚αŸ„ αž¬αžŸαžΆαž…αŸ‹αž€αŸ’αžšαž”αžΈαž‡αžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž–αŸ„αŸ‡αžœαŸ€αž“αž€αŸ’αžšαž”αžΈαŸ” αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž˜αžΆαž“αž”αž„αŸ’αž’αŸ‚αž˜ αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈαž–αžΈαžšαž˜αž»αžαž•αž„αžŠαŸ‚αžšαŸ” αž”αž„αŸ’αž’αŸ‚αž˜αž‘αžΈαž˜αž½αž™αž‚αžΊ αž“αŸ†αž”αŸ‰αžΆαž™αž‘αžΉαž€αžˆαžΉαž€αŸ”β€‹ αž‚αŸαž™αž€αž˜αŸ’αžŸαŸ…αž‘αŸ…αž€αžΌαžšαž‡αžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž‘αžΉαž€αžƒαŸ’αž˜αž»αŸ† αžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈαž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž“αŸ†αž˜αž½αž™αž“αŸαŸ‡αŸ” αž“αŸ†αž‘αžΈαž–αžΈαžšαž‚αžΊαž“αŸ†αž•αžΆαž“αž‘αŸ‚αž€αŸ” αž“αŸ†αž˜αž½αž™αž“αŸαŸ‡αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž–αžΈαž’αž„αŸ’αž€αžšαžŠαŸ†αžŽαžΎαž” αž›αžΆαž™αž‡αžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž‘αžΉαž€αžƒαŸ’αž˜αž»αŸ† αž αžΎαž™αž™αž€αž‘αŸ…αžŠαž»αžαŸ” αž³αžŸαžαž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈαž–αŸ’αž“αž„ αž–αžΈαž’αžαžΈαžαž€αžΆαž› αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž˜αž·αž“αž˜αžΆαž“αž˜αž“αŸ’αž‘αžΈαžšαž–αŸαž‘αŸ’αž™αžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈαž–αŸ’αž™αžΆαž”αžΆαž›αž‡αž˜αŸ’αž„αžΊ αž“αŸ„αŸ‡αž‘αŸ αž”αŸ‰αž»αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž˜αžΆαž“αž‚αŸ’αžšαžΌαž”αž»αžšαžΆαžŽαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž”αŸ’αžšαžΎαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž³αžŸαžαž”αž»αžšαžΆαžŽαžŠαŸ‚αž› αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž’αŸ†αž–αžΈαž’αŸ’αž˜αŸαž‰αžŸαžαŸ’αžœ αžšαž»αž€αŸ’αžαž‡αžΆαžαž·αž€αž˜αŸ’αžš ឬ ​ សឈើ αž–αŸ’αžšαž˜αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž’αžœαŸˆαž™αžœαŸˆαžŸαžαŸ’αžœαŸ” αž‡αžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž‚αŸ’αž“αžΆαž“αŸαŸ‡ αž‚αŸαž€αŸαž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž–αŸ’αž™αžΆαž”αžΆαž›αžαžΆαž˜αž”αŸ‚αž”αž’αž˜αŸ’αž˜αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαž‘αŸƒαž‘αŸ€ αžαž•αž„αžŠαŸ‚αžšαŸ” αžŸαž–αŸ’αžœαžαŸ’αž„αŸƒ αž‘αŸ„αŸ‡αž”αžΈαž‡αžΆαž˜αžΆαž“αž˜αž“αŸ’αž‘αžΈαžšαž–αŸαž‘αŸ’αž™αž“αŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžŸαž αž‚αž˜αž“αŸ αž€αŸαžŠαŸ„αž™ αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž€αŸαž“αŸ…αžαŸ‚αž‘αŸ…αžšαž€αž‚αŸ’αžšαžΌαž³αžŸαžαž”αž»αžšαžΆαžŽαžŠαŸ‚αžšαŸ” αž€αžΆαžšαž–αŸ’αž™αžΆ αž”αžΆαž›αž”αŸ‚αž”αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž’αžΆαž…αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž²αŸ’αž™αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž‡αž˜αŸ’αž„αž’ αžΊβ€‹ αžΌαžšαžŸαŸ’αž”αžΎαž™ αž”αžΎαžŸαž·αž“αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž˜αžΆαž“αž‡αž˜αŸ’αž„αžΊαž‚αŸ’αžšαž»αž“αž€αŸ’αžαŸ… αžˆαžΊαž–αŸ„αŸ‡ αž¬αž€αŸαžšαžΆαž€αžšαžΌαžŸαž‡αžΆαžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ”

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Traditional Livelihoods TRADITIONAL HOUSES Traditional Phnong houses are built from bamboo, thatch and other natural materials. These houses usually take three months to build. In the past, there used to be a lot of traditional houses, but now there are not many left in Phnong communities across Mondulkiri. In most houses the Phnong keep a lot of wine in jars to drink during the week and for ceremonies. They divide their sleeping places into two, one side for females and the other side for males. Phnong who live in traditional houses often cook rice in the middle of their house. They place a natural woven tray of rice above to dry it using the smoke from the fire cooking the rice below. TRADITIONAL FOOD Phnong people have a lot of traditional food. They make Bok soup once every three years for their ceremonies. Lavae soup is similar to Broher (Khmer traditional food) soup, but it is more viscous than Broher soup. Phnong

use the same ingredients that Khmer people use in their soup, like sugar, salt, fish sauce and others. For wedding ceremonies, they make Vec soup. In this soup, they put beef with cow intestines or buffalo meat with buffalo intestines. Phnong has two trad​itional dessert. The first one is Nom​Pai Toek Chherk, where they combine flour with honey to make it. The second dessert is Pan Laik. It is made of sticky rice mixed with honey and then roast. TRADITIONAL MEDICINE In the past, Phnong didn’t have any hospital to go to when they were sick, but there were some holistic Phnong practitioners who used natural medicine that contains animal teeth, rare plants, herbs, animal organs and other natural cures. Today, even though hospitals exist in these communities, the Phnong still visit holistic practitioners. Their natural remedies can make patients feel better if they have a fever, stomachache or diarrhea.

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` αž€αžΆαžšαžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ…αž”αŸ‚αž”αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈ αžŠαŸ†αž”αžΌαž„αž‚αŸ’αžšαžΌαž”αž»αžšαžΆαžŽαž™αž€αžœαžαŸ’αžαž»αž•αŸ’αžŸαŸ†αžαŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αž˜αž€αžŠαž»αžŸαž‡αžΆαž˜αž½αž™αžαŸ’αž˜αžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈαž²αŸ’αž™αž…αŸαž‰αžŸαžΆαžšαž‡αžΆ αžαž·αžαŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αžšαž½αž…αž›αžΆαž™αž‡αžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž‘αžΉαž€αž”αž“αŸ’αž‘αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž˜αž€αž²αŸ’αž™αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž‡αž˜αŸ’αž„αžΊαž•αžΉαž€αŸ” αž—αžΆαž‚αž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž–αŸ’ αž™αžΆαž”αžΆαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž”αŸ’αžšαžŸαž·αž‘αŸ’αž’αž—αžΆαž– αž”αŸ‰αž»αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αžαŸ’αž›αŸ‡αž‚αŸ’αžšαžΌαž”αž»αžšαžΆαžŽαžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž˜αžœαžαŸ’αžαž» αž•αŸ’αžŸαŸ†αž•αŸ’αžŸαŸαž„αŸ—αž‘αŸ€αžαž”αžΎαžŸαž·αž“αž‡αžΆαžœαžΆαž˜αž·αž“αž˜αžΆαž“αž”αŸ’αžšαžŸαž·αž‘αŸ’αž’αž—αžΆαž–αž›αŸ’αž’αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž”αŸ‹αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž‡ αž˜αŸ’αž„αžΊαŸ” αž€αžΆαžšαžŠαžΆαŸ†αžŠαŸ†αž‘αžΌαž„αž˜αžΈ αž€αŸ…αžŸαŸŠαžΌ αž“αž·αž„αžšαž»αž€αžšαž€αž‡αŸαžš αž€αžΆαžšαžŠαžΆαŸ†αžŠαŸ†αž‘αžΌαž„αž˜αžΈ αž€αŸ…αžŸαŸŠαžΌ αž“αž·αž„αžšαž»αž€αžšαž€αž‡αŸαžš αž‚αžΊαž‡αžΆαžšαž”αžšαž‘αžΌαž‘αŸ…αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„ αž€αŸ†αž–αž»αž„αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎ αžŸαž–αŸ’αžœαžαŸ’αž„αŸƒαž“αŸαŸ‡αŸ” αžŠαŸ†αž‘αžΌαž„αž˜αžΈαž‡αžΆαžŠαŸ†αžŽαžΆαŸ†αž˜αž½αž™αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž„αžΆαž™αžŸαŸ’αžšαž½αž›αžŠαžΆαŸ† αž“αž·αž„αž‡αž½αž™αž‚αŸ’αžšαžΌαžŸαžΆαžšαž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž‘αž‘αž½αž›αž”αžΆαž“αž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ‹αž…αŸ†αžŽαžΌαž›αžŸαž˜αžšαž˜αŸ’αž™ αž–αžΈαž–αŸ’αžšαŸ„αŸ‡αžŠαŸ†αž‘αžΌ αž„αž˜αžΈαž‡αžΆαžŠαŸ†αžŽαžΆαŸ†αž˜αž½αž™αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž˜αžΆαž“αžαž˜αŸ’αž›αŸƒαŸ” αž€αŸ…αžŸαŸŠαžΌ αžŸαž–αŸ’αžœαžαŸ’αž„αŸƒαž€αŸ†αž–αž»αž„αž’αŸ’αž›αžΆαž€αŸ‹αžαŸ’αž›αŸƒαžšαž αžΌ αžαžŠαž›αŸ‹αžαž˜αŸ’αž›αŸƒαŸ’αŸ αŸ αŸ αŸ›αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αŸ‘αž‚.αž€ αž”αŸ‰αž»αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž“αŸ…αžαŸ‚αž”αž“αŸ’αžαž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαžœαžΆαŸ” αž€αŸ…αžŸαŸŠαžΌ αŸ‘αžŠαžΎαž˜αž’αžΆαž…αž›αžΌαžαž›αžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž’αŸ†αž”αžΆαž“αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžšαž™αŸ‡αž–αŸαž›αŸ€αž‘αŸ…αŸ₯αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αž˜αž»αž“αž“αžΉαž„αžœαžΆαž…αžΆ αž”αŸ‹αž•αŸ’αžŠαžΎαž˜αž•αž›αž·αžαž…αŸαž‰αž‡αŸαžš αž αžΎαž™αž‚αŸαž’αžΆαž…αž‡αžΆαž™αž€αž‡αŸαžšαžœαžΆαž”αžΆαž“αžšαž αžΌαžαžŠαž›αŸ‹αŸ©αŸ  αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αŸ” αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž€αŸαž’αžΆαž…αž™αž€αž˜αŸαž€αžˆαžΎαž„αžΆαž”αŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžœαžΆαž˜αž€αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž‡αžΆαž’αž»αžŸαžŠαž»αž αž”αžΆαž“αžŠαŸ‚αžšαŸ”

αž€αžΆαžšαž‘αž»αž€αž…αž·αžαŸ’αžαž‚αŸ’αž“αžΆ αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž˜αžΆαž“αž‘αŸ†αž›αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž‘αž»αž€αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžšαž”αžšαžαžΆαž„αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ…αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸ‡αŸ” αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž˜αž·αž“αž”αžΆαžšαž˜αŸ’αž— αž–αžΈαžŸαž»αžœαžαŸ’αžαž·αž—αžΆαž–αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžœαžαŸ’αžαž»αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž“αŸ„αŸ‡αž‘αžΎαž™αŸ”β€‹αž”αžΎαžŸαž·αž“ αž‡αžΆαž™αžΎαž„αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαžŠαŸ†αžŽαžΎαžšαž™αžΎαž„αž“αžΉαž„αžƒαžΎαž‰αž˜αŸ‰αžΌαžαžΌ αž€αž„αŸ‹β€‹αž€αž‰αŸ’αžšαŸ’αž…αŸ‚αž„ αž‚αŸ„β€‹αž€αŸ’αžšαž”αžΈ αž˜αžΆαž“αŸ‹β€‹αž‘αžΆ αž“αŸ…αž‚αŸ’αžšαž”αŸ‹αž‘αžΈαž€αž“αŸ’αž›αŸ‚αž„αŸ” αžŠαŸ„αž™αž€αžΆαžšαž”αŸ’αžšαžαž·αž”αžαŸ’αžαž·αž“αžΌαžœαž•αŸ’αž“αžαŸ‹αž‚αŸ†αž“αž·αž αž“αŸαŸ‡ αž–αžΈαžŠαžΌαž“αžαžΆαž˜αž€αžαžΆ αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž˜αžΆαž“αž—αžΆαž–αžŸαž»αž…αžšαž·αžβ€‹αž˜αž·αž“αž›αž½αž…αž˜αž·αž“αž€αŸαž„αž”αŸ’αžšαžœαŸ αž‰αŸ’αž…αž’αŸ’αžœαžΈαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž˜αž·αž“αž˜αŸ‚αž“αž‡αžΆαž€αž˜αŸ’αž˜αžŸαž·αž‘αŸ’αž’αž·αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžαŸ’αž›αž½αž“αž‘αŸαŸ” αž—αžΆαž–αžŸαŸ’αž˜αŸ„αŸ‡αžαŸ’αžšαž„αŸ‹αž“αŸαŸ‡ αž”αžΆαž“αž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžΎαžαž²αŸ’αž™αž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαŸαž…αž€αŸ’αžαžΈαžŸαž»αžαž…αž˜αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“ αž“αž·αž„αž—αžΆαž–αžŸαž»αž€αžŠαž»αž˜αŸ’αž—αžšαž˜αž“αžΆ αžαŸ‚αž€αŸαž˜αž·αž“αž˜αŸ‚αž“αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αžŸαŸ’αžšαž»αž„αžŠαŸ‚αžšαŸ” αž”αžΎαžŸαž·αž“αž‡αžΆαž“αžšαžŽαžΆαž˜αŸ’αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž˜αžΆαž“αž‚αŸ†αž“αž·αžαž… αž„αŸ‹αž›αž½αž…αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž•αŸ’αžŸαŸαž„ αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž“αŸ„αŸ‡αž“αžΉαž„αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαžˆαžΊαžŠαŸ„αž™αžαž»αžŸαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž…αžΆ αž€αž–αžΈαžœαž”αŸ’αž”αž’αž˜αŸŒαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαŸ” αž€αžΆαžšαžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž’αŸ†αž–αžΎ αž¬αž”αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆαžŸαžΆαž“αŸαŸ‡αž αžΎαž™ αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž²αŸ’αž™αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž“αŸ„αŸ‡αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αŸ’αžšαž‚αž›αŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž”αžΆαž“αž›αž½αž…αž™αž€αž‘αŸ… αžŸαž„αž˜αŸ’αž…αžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž‚αŸαžœαž·αž‰αŸ” αž”αŸ‰αž»αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž”αžΎαžŸαž·αž“αž‡αžΆαž‚αŸαž˜αž·αž“αž‘αž‘αž½αž›αžαž»αžŸαžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœ αž αžΎαž™αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αžΆαž“αž˜αŸαž€αž“αŸ’αž‘αŸ’αžšαžΆαž‰αž…αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž”αžΆαž“β€‹αž‚αŸαž“αžΊαž„αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž‘αž‘αž½αž›αž–αž·αž“αŸαž™αž™αŸ‰αžΆαž„αž’αŸ’αž„αž“αŸ‹ αž’αŸ’αž„αžšαž‘αŸ…αžαžΆαž˜αžαž˜αŸ’αž›αŸƒαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžœαžαŸ’αžαž»αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž‚αŸαž”αžΆαž“αž›αž½αž…αŸ”

αž‡αŸαžšαž‚αžΊαž‡αžΆαž’αž“αž’αžΆαž“αž’αž˜αŸ’αž˜αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŸαŸ†αžαžΆαž“αŸ‹αž˜αž½αž™αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž‡αž½αž™αž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžΎαžαž€αŸ†αžŽαžΎαž“αž”αŸ’αžšαžΆ αž€αŸ‹αž…αŸ†αžŽαžΌαž›αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„ αžŸαŸ’αžšαžŠαŸ€αž„αž‘αŸ…αž“αžΉαž„αžŠαŸ†αž‘αžΌαž„αž˜αžΈαžŠαŸ‚αžšαŸ” αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αžŠαŸ‚ αž›αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž‘αŸ†αž“αŸαžšαž–αžΈαžŠαžΆαŸ†αžŠαŸ†αž‘αžΌαž„αž˜αžΈαž“αž·αž„αž€αŸ…αžŸαŸŠαžΌ αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž…αžΌαž›αž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒαžŠαŸ„αž™αž”αŸ’αžšαžΎ αž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž˜αŸ‰αžΌαžαžΌαž€αŸ‚αž…αŸ’αž“αŸƒαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž’αžΆαž…αž‡αž½αž™αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαžŠαŸ†αžŽαžΎαžšαž”αžΆαž“αž™αŸ‰αžΆαž„αž„αžΆαž™ αžŸαŸ’αžšαž½αž›αŸ” αžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈαž™αž€αž‡αŸαžšαž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž€αžΆαž”αŸ‹αžšαž“αŸ’αž’αž“αŸ…αž›αžΎαžŠαžΎαž˜αž‡αŸαžš αžšαž½αž…αžŠαž»αžαž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„ αžšαž“αŸ’αž’αž“αŸ„αŸ‡αž αžΎαž™αž‡αŸαžšαž“αž·αž„αž…αŸαž‰αž–αžΈαžŠαžΎαž˜αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžœαžΆαŸ” αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αžŠαŸ‚αž›αžŠαŸ†αž‘αžΌαž„αž˜αžΈαž“αž· αž„αž‡αŸαžšαž”αŸ’αžšαž˜αžΌαž›αž•αž›αž”αžΆαž“αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž“αžΉαž„αž›αž€αŸ‹αž•αž›αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž“αŸ„αŸ‡αž‘αŸ…αž²αŸ’αž™αžˆαŸ’αž˜αž½αž‰ αž€αžŽαŸ’αžαžΆαž›αŸ”

Rubber αž‡αŸαžšαž€αŸ…αžŸαŸŠαžΌ

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TRADITIONAL LIVELIHOODS

First, the holistic practitioners grind the ingredients with a rock to form a powder that they mix with water. Then, they let the patient drink it. Most of the time the remedy is successful, but sometimes the holistic practitioner needs to mix some new ingredients together if it doesn’t work well for the patient.

need to make a hole in a specific kind of tree and burn it so the resin will come out. Once the cassava, rubber and resin are harvested, the Phnong will sell these products to a middle man. TRUST Phnong always leave their personal belongings outside of their house because of their trusting culture. When traveling around their communities, you will see motos, cows, chickens and baskets everywhere. Their mindset is very honest with the things that they own. But some people in their community still have the idea to steal things. If anyone steals, they will get sick immediately because of a curse. They need to give back the things they stole. But, if they don’t do it and get caught by the leader of their community, they will receive punishment depending on the value of the things that they stole.

CASSAVA, RUBBER & RESIN Growing cassava, rubber, and finding tree resin are the most common jobs that Phnong have. Cassava is easy to grow and helps families earn more money since cassava is a valuable crop. Rubber is decreasing in value, now worth about 2,000 riel per kilogram, but many Phnong still have rubber farms. One rubber tree must grow for four to five years before it starts producing rubber, and then it can produce rubber for up to 90 years. Phnong also use the dead branches of rubber trees as firewood. Resin is one of the main natural resources that helps the Phnong economy similar to cassava. When they have free time from growing cassava or rubber, the Phnong​​ often visit the forests with their invented motorcycle that can travel through thick forests easily. To get resin, they

Rice cooking αž€αžΆαžšαž…αŸ†αž’αž·αž“αž”αžΆαž™β€‹

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` αž€αžΆαžšαžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ…αž”αŸ‚αž”αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈ αž€αžΆαžšαž”αž»αž€αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœ Unhusking rice

αžšαž”αŸ€αž”αž“αŸƒαž€αžΆαžšαž–αžšαž€αžΌαž“ The way of carrying a baby

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TRADITIONAL LIVELIHOODS

αž€αŸ…αžŸαŸŠαžΌ Rubber

αž•αŸ’αž‘αŸ‡αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈ Traditional House

αž”αž»αž€β€‹αž‡αžΆαž˜αŸ’αž αžΌαž”αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈαž˜αž½αž™ Bok, a traditional food

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αž˜αŸ‰αžΌαžαžΌαž€αŸ‚αž…αŸ’αž“αŸƒ Invented Moto


` αž€αžΆαžšαžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ…αž”αŸ‚αž”αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈ

αž›αŸ„αž€αž™αžΆαž™ αž€αŸ’αžœαžΌαžœ αž”αž»αžΉαž„αž‚αžΊαž‡αžΆαž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž’αžΆαž…αžαŸ’αž”αžΆαž‰ αž€αŸ’αžšαž˜αžΆ αž“αž·αž„αž—αž½αž™αž”αžΆαž“αŸ” Kver Perng is an old woman that makes blankets or Kromas to sell.

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TRADITIONAL LIVELIHOODS

αž€αžΆαžšαž αžΆαž›αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœ αž“αž·αž„αž–αžΆαž„αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΆαŸ” The way of drying rice and wine jars

αž›αŸ„αž€αž™αžΆαž™ αž€αŸ’αžœαžΌαžœ αž”αž»αžΉαž„αž€αŸ†αž–αž»αž„αžαŸ’αž”αžΆαž‰αž—αž½αž™αŸ” Kver Perng weaves a blanket.

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αž€αžΆαžšαž’αž”αŸ‹αžšαŸ† αž“αž·αž„ αž‡αžΈαžœαž”αŸ’αžšαžœαžαž·αŸ’αž αžŸαžΆαž›αžΆαžšαŸ€αž“αžŸαž αž‚αž˜αŸαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„ αž—αžΆαžŸαžΆαž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž‚αŸ’αž˜αžΆαž“αž—αžΆαžŸαžΆαžŸαžšαžŸαŸαžšαž‘αŸ αžαŸ‚αž˜αžΆαž“αž—αžΆαžŸαžΆαž“αž·αž™αžΆαž™αŸ”β€‹αžŠαŸ„αž™αž αŸαžαž»αž“αŸαŸ‡αž αžΎαž™ αž‘αžΎαž” αžšαžŠαŸ’αž‹αžΆαž—αž·αž”αžΆαž›αž”αž„αŸ’αž‚αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž²αŸ’αž™αžŸαžΆαž›αžΆαžšαŸ€αž“αžŸαž αž‚αž˜αž“αŸαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž”αŸ’αžšαžΎαž–αŸ’αž™αž‰αŸ’αž‡αž“αŸˆαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžαŸ’αž˜αŸ‚αžšαžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈαž²αŸ’αž™αž„αžΆαž™αžŸαŸ’αžšαž½αž›αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž€αžΆαžšαž”αŸ’αžšαž€αž”αž–αžΆαž€αŸ’αž™αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αŸ” αž€αŸ’αž˜αŸαž„αŸ—αž’αžΆαž… αž…αžΌαž›αžšαŸ€αž“αž”αžΆαž“αž“αŸ…αž’αžΆαž™αž»αž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαŸ†αž˜αž½αž™αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αŸ” αž€αž˜αŸ’αž˜αžœαž·αž’αžΈαžšαžαŸ’αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž‘αžΈαž˜αž½αž™αžŠαž›αŸ‹αžαŸ’αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž‘αžΈαž”αžΈαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž–αŸ’αž“αž„ αž˜αžΆαž“αž›αž€αŸ’αžαžŽαŸˆαžŠαžΌαž…αž‘αŸ…αž“αžΉαž„αžŸαžΆαž›αžΆαžšαžŠαŸ’αž‹αžŠαŸ‚αžš αž”αŸ‰αž»αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸ αž”αŸ’αžšαžΎαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž—αžΆαžŸαžΆαž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž€αžΆαžšαžšαŸ€αž“αž“αž·αž„αž”αž„αŸ’αžšαŸ€αž“αŸ” αž–αžΈαžαŸ’αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž‘αžΈαž”αž½αž“αžŠαž›αŸ‹αžαŸ’αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž‘αžΈαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαŸ†αž˜αž½αž™ αžŸαž·αžŸαŸ’αžŸαžšαŸ€αž“αž“αž·αž„αž“αž·αž™αžΆαž™αž—αžΆαž‚αž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αž‡αžΆαž—αžΆαžŸαžΆαžαŸ’αž˜αŸ‚αžšαŸ” αžŸαžΆαž›αžΆαžŸαž αž‚αž˜αž“αŸαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αž”αŸ‹αž€αž˜αŸ’αž˜αžœαž·αž’αžΈαžŸαž·αž€αŸ’αžŸαžΆαž“αŸ…αžαŸ’αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž‘αžΈαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαŸ†αž”αž½αž“β€‹αžŠαžΌαž…αž“αŸαŸ‡αž αžΎαž™αž‘αžΎαž”αž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαž·αžŸαŸ’αžŸαžαž·αž…αžαž½αž…αžŽαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αžŠαŸ‚αžšαž”αž“αŸ’αžαž€αžΆαžšαžŸαž·αž€αŸ’αžŸαžΆ αžŠαž›αŸ‹αžαŸ’αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž‘αžΈαžŠαž”αŸ‹αž–αžΈαžšαŸ”β€‹αžŸαž·αžŸαŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ‚αž›αžšαŸ€αž“αž…αž”αŸ‹αžαŸ’αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž‘αžΈαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαŸ†αž”αž½αž“αž‘αžΎαž„αž‘αŸ…αž‘αžΎαž”αž’αžΆαž…αžŠαžΆαž€αŸ‹αž–αžΆαž€αŸ’αž™αžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈαž€αŸ’αž›αžΆαž™αž‡αžΆαž‚αŸ’αžšαžΌαž”αž„αŸ’αžšαŸ€αž“αžŸαž αž‚αž˜αž“αŸαž”αžΆαž“αŸ” αž‚αŸ’αžšαžΌαž”αž„αŸ’αžšαŸ€αž“αžŸαž αž‚αž˜αŸαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„ αž€αŸ‚αž€ αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΈαž’αŸŠαžΈαž“ αž‡αžΆαž‚αŸ’αžšαžΌαž”αž„αŸ’αžšαŸ€αž“αžŸαž αž‚αž˜αŸ αž“αŸ…αžŸαžΆαž›αžΆαž”αž‹αž˜αžŸαž·αž€αŸ’αžŸαžΆαž–αžΌαž‘αžΈαž›αŸ” αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž‚αŸ’αžšαžΌαž” ​ αž„αŸ’αžšαŸ€αž“β€‹β€‹αžŸαž·αžŸαŸ’αžŸαžαŸ’αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹β€‹αž‘αžΈαž˜αž½αž™αž–αžΈαžšαž—αžΆαžŸαžΆαž‚αžΊαžαŸ’αž˜αŸ‚αžšαž“αž·αž„αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αŸ” αž‚αŸ„αž›αžŠαŸ…β€‹ αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž‚αŸ’αžšαžΌαž‚αžΊαž…αž„αŸ‹αž± ​ αŸ’αž™αž” ​ αŸ’αžšαž‡αžΆαž‡αž“β€‹αž“αŸ…β€‹αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžŸ ​ αž αž‚αž˜αž“αŸαžšβ€‹ αž”αžŸαŸ‹αž ​ αŸ’αž›αž½αž“αžŠ ​ αžΉαž„αž– ​ αžšαžΈβ€‹ αž” ​ αŸ€αž”αžšβ€‹αžŸαžšαžŸαŸαžšβ€‹αž“αž·αž„αž“αž·αž™αžΆαž™β€‹αž‡αžΆαž—αžΆαžŸαžΆαžαŸ’αž˜αŸ‚αžšαž“αž·αž„αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž…αŸ’αž”αžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž›αžΆαžŸαŸ‹αŸ” αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž‚αŸ’αžšαžΌ αž”αžΆαž“αžšαŸ€αž“αž–αžΈαžšαž”αŸ€αž”αž“αŸƒαž€αžΆαžšαž”αž„αŸ’αžšαŸ€αž“αž–αžΈαž’αž„αŸ’αž‚αž€αžΆαžšαžƒαŸ‚αžš (CARE)αŸ”β€‹αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž‚αŸ’αžšαžΌαž»αž”αžΆαž“ αž”αž„αŸ’αžšαŸ€αž“β€‹αžŸαž·αžŸαŸ’αžŸαž’αŸ†αž–αžΈβ€‹αž’αž“αžΆαž˜αŸαž™αž• ​ αŸ’αž‘αžΆαž›αŸ‹αžαŸ’αž›αž½αž“αž•αž„αžŠαŸ‚αžšβ€‹αž§αž‘αžΆαž αžšαžŽαŸαŸ– αž”αž„αŸ’αžšαŸ€αž“αž–αžΈαž€αžΆαžšαž›αžΆαž„β€‹αžŸαž˜αŸ’αž’αžΆαžαžŠαŸƒβ€‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž– ​ αž½αž€αž‚ ​ αŸαž²αŸ’αž™αž”αžΆαž“αžαŸ’αžšαžΉαž˜αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαŸ”

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Education & Biography COMMUNITY SCHOOLS Phnong has no written language, only a spoken language. Since there is no written language, the government has schools in Phnong communities use the Khmer alphabet to help with the pronunciation and spelling of words. Kids can start school at the age of six. From grades one to three, their learning curriculum is the same as in Khmer government schools but the difference is they speak mainly in the Phnong language. From grades four to six, students learn and speak primarily in Khmer. Phnong community schools end their curriculum at grade nine, so it is rare that students continue on to grade 12. The regionΓ’€™s only high school is far away from many Phnong villages, in the town of Sen Monorom. Only students in grade nine or higher can apply to be a community teacher. COMMUNITY TEACHER Kaek Sreyin is one of the community teachers at Poutil primary school. She teaches grade one students about Khmer and Phnong languages. Her goal is to have all the people in her community know how to write and speak in the Khmer and Phnong language. She learned how to become a teacher from an organization called CARE. Sreyin also teaches her students about personal hygiene, like showing them how to wash their hands properly.

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αž—αžΆαžŸαžΆαž“αž·αž™αžΆαž™ αž–αžΆαž€αŸ’αž™αžαŸ’αž˜αŸ‚αžš

αž–αžΆαž€αŸ’αž™αž–αŸ’αž“αž„

αž–αžΆαž€αŸ’αž™αžαŸ’αž˜αŸ‚αžš

αž–αžΆαž€αŸ’αž™αž–αŸ’αž“αž„

αžŸαž½αžŸαŸ’αžαžΈ αžŸαž»αžαžŸαž”αŸ’αž”αžΆαž™αž‘ αž˜αž·αž“αžŸαž»αžαž‘αŸ αžˆαŸ’αž˜αŸ„αŸ‡ αž‘αŸ…αžŽαžΆ αž›αžΆαžŸαž·αž“αž αžΎαž™ αž’αžšαž‚αž»αžŽ αž˜αž·αž“αž’αžΈαž‘ αžαŸ’αž‰αž»αŸ† αž’αŸ’αž“αž€ αž™αžΎαž„ αž”αŸ’αžšαž»αžŸ αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΈ αžŸαžΎαž… αž™αŸ† αžαžΉαž„ αž›αŸ’αž’ αž’αžΆαž€αŸ’αžšαž€αŸ‹ αž€αž»αž αž€ αžŸαŸ’αž’αžΆαž αžŸαž„αŸ’αž αžΆ αž αžΌαž” αž‚αž·αž ដើមឈើ αžŠαŸƒ

αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αžœαŸαžŸαž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„ αžœαŸαžŸαž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αžŠαž„αŸ‹αž–αžΊ αž”αŸαžŸαžŠαž»: αžšαž‰αžΆ: αž’αžΆαž”αŸ’αžšαž»αžŸ αž“αŸαž€αž αžΆαž“αŸ‹αž’αžΊ វេស αž˜αžΌαž…αŸ’αžšαžΆαžœαž’αž»αžŸ αž‚αž”αŸ‹: αž˜αŸ‰αŸ(αž”),αž’αŸ‚(ស) αž”αž»αž·αž“ αž–αžΌαž€αŸ’αž›αŸ„αžœ: αž–αžΌαž’αžΌαž“ αžƒαžΉαž˜ αžαžΆαž‰αž˜ ណុស វេស αž˜αžΉαž€ αž˜αŸ’αžšαž»αžŸ វេស αžœαŸαžŸαž„αž·αž“ αžˆαžΌαž„ αžšαžœαŸƒ αžŠαžΎαž˜αž†αžΈ αž‘αŸƒ

αž…αŸ’αžšαž˜αž»αŸ‡ αž€αŸ’αž”αžΆαž› αž˜αŸ’αž αžΌαž” ឈឺ តអ αž™αžΆαž™ αž–αž½αž€αž™αžΎαž„ αž’αŸ€αž“ αžαŸ’αž›αžΆαž… αž αŸŠαžΆαž“ αžŸαŸ’αž˜αžΆ αžαŸ’αžšαž…αŸ€αž€ αž€ αž…αžΆαžŸ αž”αžΆαž‘ ៑ ្ ៣ ៀ αŸ₯ ៦ ៧ ៨ ៩ αŸ‘αŸ β€‹

αžαŸ’αžšαž˜αž»αŸ‡ αž–αŸ„αž€ αžαŸ’αžšαŸ„αžœ αž‡αžΈ αž…αŸ ធ៊ូ αž–αŸαž›αž’αŸ†αž–αžΌαž› αžŒαžΈαž”αž–αžΌ αž—αŸ’αž›αžΆαž… αž”αŸ‰αžΆαž‰αŸ‹ αžˆαžΉαž„αž˜αŸ’αž›αŸαž… αžαžΌαž› αž€ αžšαŸ‰αžΆαž‰ αž’αžΊαž“ αž”αŸ‰αž½αž™ αžšαž”αŸ‰αŸ αžšαž–αŸƒ αž–αžΆαž“αŸ‹ αž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαŸ† αž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžœ αž– αž”αŸ‰αžΆαž™ ឺ αžˆαž·αž“ αž‡αž·αž

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SPOKEN LANGUAGE

English

Phnong Pronunciation

English

Phnong Pronunciation

Hello How are you? Not well Name Where are you going? Bye Thanks It’s okay I You We Boy Girl Laugh Cry Angry Good Bad Lie Beautiful Handsome Eat Think Tree Hand Nose

Tang vas lang vas lang dong per bas doh ror nyah ah proh nak han er weh moo jerau Kub may (boy) : eh (girl) pun pou clav pou ohn kum ta nhom noh weh merk meroh weh weh nyoun choung ror vey derm ch’ey daiy tro moh

Head Food Hurt Grandfather Grandmother We Shy Scared Brave Shoulder Ear Neck Yes (girl) Yes (boy) One Two Three Four Five Six Seven Eight Nine Ten

poh drau jee jae ou pel om pull deeb pou pleag paan cherng mlache dole gahr raanh in pou-ey ror-pay ror-pai poan pram prau bur paii chin jet

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` αž‡αžΈαžœαž”αŸ’αžšαžœαžαž·αŸ’αž αž˜αžΈαž„ αžˆαžΈαž“ αžŽαžΆαž€: αž˜αžΆαž“αž’αžΆαž™αž»αŸ€αŸ€αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αž‡αžΆαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžαŸ’αž˜αŸ‚αžšαžŠαŸ‚αž›αžšαŸ€αž”αž€αžΆαžšαž‡αžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž“αžΉαž„αž”αŸ’αžαžΈαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„

αžαžΆαŸ†αž„αž–αžΈαž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αŸ‘αŸ©αŸ¨αŸ§αž˜αž€αž˜αŸ’αž›αŸαŸ‡αŸ” αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž‚αžΊαž‡αžΆαž€αžŸαž·αž€αžš αžŠαŸ‚αž›αžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ…αž—αžΌαž˜αž·αž€αŸ’αžšαž„αŸ‹αžαŸαŸ‡αžšαž™αŸˆαž–αŸαž› αŸ©β€‹αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αž˜αž€αž αžΎαž™αŸ” αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž˜αžΈαž„αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΌαž“αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΈαž”αžΈαž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹ αž“αž·αž„αž€αžΌαž“αž”αŸ’αžšαž»αžŸαž–αžΈαžšαž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹αŸ” αžŸαž–αŸ’αžœαžαŸ’αž„αŸƒ αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž‡αžΆαž”αŸ’αžšαž’αžΆαž“αž“αŸƒαž€αŸ’αžšαž»αž˜αžŸαž“αŸ’αžŸαŸ†αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž”

αŸ‹αž’αž„αŸ’αž‚αž€αžΆαžš αž’αžΆαž™.ស៊ី.ធេស.ធូ αž αžΎαž™αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž˜αžΈαž„αž€αŸαž‡αžΆαž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžαŸ†αžŽαžΆαž„αž²αŸ’αž™αžŸ ​ αŸ’αžšαŸ’αžαžΈαž“αŸ…αž—αžΌαž˜αž·αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŠαŸ‚αžšαŸ”αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›

αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž˜αžΈαž„αž“αŸ…αž€αŸ’αž˜αŸαž„ αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž˜αžΈαž„αžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ…αžαŸαžαŸ’αžαž€αŸ†αž–αž„αŸ‹αž’αŸ†αž αžΎαž™αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž˜αžΈαž„αž€αŸαž”αžΆαž“αžšαŸ€αž“αžŠαž›αŸ‹αžαŸ’αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž‘αžΈαž”αž½αž“αžŠαŸ‚αžšαŸ” αž’αŸ’αž“αž€ αž˜αžΈαž„αž‡αžΆαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžαŸ’αž˜αŸ‚αžšαžαŸ‚αž˜αŸ’αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž‚αžαŸ‹αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž’αžΆαž…αž“αž·αž™αžΆαž™αž—αžΆαžŸαžΆαž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž”αžΆαž“αž›αŸ’αž’αŸ”αž”αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž˜αž–αžΈαž“αŸαŸ‡αž‘αŸ€αžαž‘αŸ„αŸ‡αž‡αžΆαž’αŸ’αž“αž€ αž˜αžΈαž„αž‡αžΆαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžαŸ’αž˜αŸ‚αžšαž€αŸ’αžαžΈ αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž˜αžΈαž„αž”αžΆαž“αžŠαžΉαž„αž–αžαŸŒαž˜αžΆαž“αž‡αžΆαž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αž–αžΈαžœαž”αŸ’αž”αž’αž˜αŸαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αŸ”

Chhin Nak is a 44 year-old Khmer woman who married a Phnong man in 1987. They have three daughters and two sons. She is a farmer who has been living in Krang Tes commune for the past nine years. When she was younger, she lived in Kampong Thom province and went to a government school until grade four. In addition to farming, she is also in charge of the saving group for ICSO and is a representative for issues and equal rights in her community. As a Cambodian, she not only speaks fluent Khmer, but she also speaks very good Phnong. She knows a lot about Phnong traditions after living in their community for so long and believes in preserving the Phnong’s culture.

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BIOGRAPHIES αž–αžΌ αžšαžŸαŸ‹ αž€αŸ’αž›αžΌαž‰: αž˜αžΆαž“αž’αžΆαž™αž»αŸ€αŸ’αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž‡αžΆαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αŸ”β€‹ αž›αŸ„αž–αžΌαž€αŸ’αž›αžΌαž‰αž…αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž€αŸ†αžŽαžΎαžαž“αŸ… αž—αžΌαž˜αž·αž–αžΌαž‘αž·αž› αžƒαž»αŸ†αž”αŸŠαžΌαžŸαŸ’αžšαžΆ αžŸαŸ’αžšαž»αž€αž–αŸαž‡αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŠαžΆ αžαŸαžαŸ’αžαž˜αžŽαŸ’αžŒαž›αž‚αž·αžšαžΈαŸ” αž›αŸ„αž€αž–αžΌαž”αŸ’αžšαž€αž”αž˜αž»αžαžšαž”αžšαž‡αžΆαž€αžŸαž·αž€αžšαžŠαžΆαŸ†αž”αž“αŸ’αž›αŸ‚ αžŠαŸ†αž‘αžΌαž„

αžŸαžŽαŸ’αžαŸ‚αž€αž–αŸ’αžšαž˜αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ‚αž•αž„αžŠαŸ‚αžšαŸ” αž”αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž˜αž–αžΈαž˜αž»αžαžšαž”αžšαž‡αžΆαž€αžŸαž·αž€αžš αž›αŸ„αž€αž–αžΌαž‡αžΆαž”αžŽαŸ’αžŠαžΆαž‰αž“αŸƒαžŸαž αž‚αž˜αž“αŸ

αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž’αž„αŸ’αž‚αž€αžΆαžš αž’αžΆαž™.ស៊ី.ធេស.ធូ (αž’αž„αŸ’αž‚αž€αžΆαžšαž‚αžΆαŸ†αž‘αŸ’αžšαžŸαž αž‚αž˜αž“αŸαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαžΎαž˜αž—αžΆαž‚αžαž·αž…)αŸ”αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αžŠαŸ‚αž› αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž˜αžΆαž“αž›αž»αž™αž αžΎαž™αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž…αž„αŸ‹αž‘αž·αž‰αž˜αŸ‰αžΌαžαžΌ αžšαžΊαžŸαž˜αŸ’αž—αžΆαžšαž•αŸ’αžŸαŸαž„αŸ—αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž–αž·αž—αžΆαž€αŸ’αžŸαžΆαž‡αžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž“αž·αž„αž€αŸ’αžšαž»αž˜αž‚αŸ’αžšαž½αžŸαžΆαžš αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž’αžŸαŸ‹αžšαž½αž˜αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΌαž“αžαžΌαž…αŸ—αž•αž„αžŠαŸ‚αžš αžŠαŸ„αž™αžŸαžΆαžšαžαŸ‚αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαž·αž‘αŸ’αž’αž·αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαž…αž…αž·αžαŸ’αžαž”αžΆαž“αž–αžΈ

αž–αŸ’αžšαŸ„αŸ‡αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαž€αŸαž‡αžΆαž…αŸ†αžŽαŸ‚αž€αž˜αž½αž™αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž€αžΆαžšαž‡αž½αž™αž€αž·αž…αŸ’αž…αž€αžΆαžšαž‚αŸ’αžšαž½αžŸαžΆαžšαžŠαžΌαž…αž‡αžΆαž›αžΆαž„αž…αžΆαž“ αžŠαžΆαŸ†αž”αžΆαž™β€‹αž”αŸ„αž€αžαŸ„αž’αžΆαžœβ€‹ αž“αž·αž„αžƒαŸ’αžœαžΆαž›αž‚αŸ„αž‡αžΆαžŠαžΎαž˜ αŸ” αž€αžΆαžšαž…αžΌαž›αžšαž½αž˜αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαŸαž…αž…αž·αžαŸ’αžαž“αŸαŸ‡αž‡αžΆαž•αŸ’αž“αŸ‚αž€αž˜αž½αž™αž“αŸƒαžœαž”αŸ’αž”αž’αž˜αŸαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αŸ”β€‹

Ros Klonh is a 42 year-old Phnong man. In addition to being a farmer, Ros Klonh is a community networker for ICSO (Indigenous Communities Support Organization) in Sen Monorom. Klonh’s family follows an important Phnong cultural tradition about family roles and responsibility. Before Klonh buys something that costs a lot of money, he first discusses the decision with his entire family​including the children. His children can make decisions because they help the family by washing clothes, cleaning dishes and taking care of the cows. This is a part of Phnong culture.

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` αž‡αžΈαžœαž”αŸ’αžšαžœαžαž·αŸ’αž

αž›αŸ„αž€αžαžΆ αž€αžΆαžŸβ€‹β€‹β€‹β€‹ αž‘αžΌαžœ: αž˜αžΆαž“αž’αžΆαž™αž»αŸ¦αŸ₯αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ† αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž”αžΆαž“αž€αžΎαžαž“αŸ…αžƒαŸ†αž» αž”αŸŠαžΌαžŸαŸ’αžšαžΆαž“αŸ…αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ† ៑៩αŸ₯αŸ‘αŸ” αž€αžΆαž›αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΆαž“αŸ‹αž”αŸ‰αž»αž›αž–αž αž›αŸ„αž€αžαžΆαžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αžΆαž“αž‡αŸ†αž›αŸ€αžŸαž‡αžΆαž”αž“αŸ’αž

αž”αž“αžΆαŸ’αž‘αž”αŸ‹αž–αžΈ αžƒαŸ†αž»αž”αžΌαŸŠαžŸαŸ’αžšαžΆαž‘αŸ…αž€αŸ’αžšαž„αŸ‹αžαŸαŸ‡ αž“αŸ…αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αŸ‘αŸ©αŸ§αŸ£ ហ ​ αžΎαž™αž–αžΈ αž€αŸ’αžšαž„αŸ‹αžαŸαŸ‡αž˜αž€αž€αŸ„αŸ‡αž‰αŸ‚αž€ αž“αŸ…αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αŸ‘αŸ©αŸ§αŸ₯αŸ” αž›αŸ„αž€αžαžΆαž”αžΆαž“αžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ…αž€αŸ„αŸ‡αž‰αŸ‚αž€αž–αžΈαž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αŸ‘αŸ©αŸ§αŸ₯

αžŠαž›αŸ‹αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αŸ‘αŸ©αŸ¨αŸ‘β€‹αžšαž½αž…αž”αžΆαž“αžαŸ’αžšαž›αž”αŸ‹αž˜αž€αž€αŸ’αžšαž„αŸ‹αžαŸαŸ‡αžœαž·αž‰αŸ”β€‹αž›αŸ„αž€αžαžΆαž”αžΆαž“αž“αž·αž™αžΆαž™αžαžΆ αž’αŸ†αž‘αž»αž„αž–αŸαž›αž”αŸ‰αž»αž›αž–αž (៑៩៧αŸ₯) αž–αž·αž’αžΈαžŸαŸ‚αž“αž–αŸ’αžšαŸαž“αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž’αžΆαž€αžšαž αžΌαžβ€‹ αžŠαž›αŸ‹αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αŸ‘αŸ©αŸ§αŸ©αž‘αžΎαž”αž‚αŸαž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαžœαžΆαž‘αžΎαž„αžœαž·αž‰αŸ”β€‹β€‹αž€αžΆαž›αž–αžΈαžŠαžΎαž˜ αž’αžαžΈαžαž–αŸ’αžšαŸ‡αž˜αž αžΆαž€αŸ’αžŸαžαŸ’αžšαž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž²αŸ’αž™αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž‘αž‘αž½αž›αž”αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž’αž”αŸ‹αžšαŸ†αžŠαžΌαž…αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžαŸ’αž˜αŸ‚αžšαžŠαŸ‚αžšαŸ”

αž›αŸ„αž€αžαžΆαž‚αžΊαž‡αžΆαž€αŸ’αž˜αŸαž„αž˜αŸ’αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹αžŠαŸ‚αž›αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αžΆαž“αž‚αŸαž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αžΌαž“αž‘αŸ…αžŸαžΆαž›αžΆαž•αž„αžŠαŸ‚αžš αž”αŸ‰αž»αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž”αžΆαž“αžαŸ’αžšαžΉαž˜αžαŸ‚αž”αž‰αŸ’αž…αž”αŸ‹αžαŸ’αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž”αž‹αž˜αžŸαž·αž€αŸ’αžŸαžΆαžαŸ‚αž”αŸ‰αž»αžŽαŸ’αžŽαŸ„αŸ‡αŸ” αž›αŸ„αž€αžαžΆαž‚αžΊαž‡αžΆ αž’αž€αŸ’αžαžšαž‡αž“αž˜αŸ’αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž“αŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžŸαž αž‚αž˜αž“αŸαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹ αž αžΎαž™αžŸαž–αŸ’αžœαžαŸ’αž„αŸƒαž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž‡αžΆαžŸαž˜αžΆαž‡αž·αž€αž€αŸ’αžšαž»αž˜αž”αŸ’αžšαžΉαž€αŸ’αžŸαžΆαžŸαž αž‚αž˜αž“αŸαž•αž„αžŠαŸ‚αžšαŸ”

Kas Tov is 65 years old, born in Bousra Commune in 1951. The Khmer Rouge forced him to evacuate from Bousra​ commune to Krang Tes in 1973 and he moved from Krang Tes to Koh Nhek in 1975. He lived in Koh Nhek from 1975 to 1981, then he came back to live in Krang Tes. During that time (1975), the Phnong didn’t get to celebrate their ceremony until 1979. In the past, the former king encouraged the Phnong to get educated in the same way as Cambodians. He was sent to school, but he could only finish primary school. He is one of the literate Phnong people and he’s now is a member of the community council.

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BIOGRAPHIES αž‡αžΆαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„ αž›αŸ„αž€αžαžΆ αž€αŸ’αžšαŸαž˜ αž‰αŸ‰αŸαŸ‡ αž’αžΆαž™αž»αŸ§αŸ©αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ† αž”αŸ’αžšαž€αž”αž˜αž»αžαžšαž”αžšαž‡αžΆαž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž€αžΆαž•αžΆαŸ” αž›αŸ„ ​ αž€αžαžΆαž…αŸαŸ‡αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎ αž€αžΆαž•αžΆαž’αžŸαŸ‹αžšαž™αŸˆαž–αŸαž›αŸ€αŸ αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αž˜αž€αž αžΎαž™ αžŠαŸ„αž™αžαžΆαŸ†αž„αž–αžΈαžœαŸαž™αž€αž»αž˜αžΆαžš αžͺαž–αž»αž€αž”αžΆαž“αž”αž„αŸ’αžšαŸ€αž“αž›αŸ„αž€αž²αŸ’αž™αž…αŸαŸ‡αž“αŸ…

αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΆαž‰αž“αŸαŸ‡αŸ”β€‹ αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž›αž€αŸ‹αž€αžΆαž•αžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžαž˜αŸ’αž›αŸƒαŸ‘αŸ αž˜αž»αžΊαž“αžšαŸ€αž›αŸ” αžŸαž˜αŸ’αž—αžΆαžšαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž€αžΆαžšαž‚αžΊαž•αŸ’αžαŸ… αž“αž·αž„αž¬αžŸαŸ’αžŸαžΈ

αž αžΎαž™αž”αŸ’αžšαžΎαžšαž™αŸˆαž–αŸαž›αžαŸ‚αž”αžΈαžαŸ’αž„αŸƒαž”αŸ‰αž»αžŽαŸ’αžŽαŸ„αŸ‡αŸ” αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž”αŸ’αžšαžΎαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αžœαžΆαž‡αŸ†αž“αž½αžŸαž€αžΆαžαžΆαž”β€‹αž€αž“αŸ’αžšαŸ’αžαž€ αžŸαŸ’αž”αŸ„αž„αžŠαŸ‚αž› αžŸαŸ†αžšαžΆαž”αŸ‹αž…αŸ’αžšαž€αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžšαž”αžšαž˜αž·αž“αžαžΆαž‘αŸ…αž–αŸ’αžšαŸƒ αžŠαžΎαžšαž•αŸ’αžŸαžΆαžšαž‘αž·αž‰αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžšαž”αžš αž¬αž€αŸαž›αž€αŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αžšαž”αžšβ€‹αž‘αžΎαž™αŸ” αž€αžΆαž•αžΆαžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž”αžΆαž“αž”αŸ’αžšαžΎαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αžŠαŸ„αž™αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž™αžΌαžšαž›αž„αŸ‹αžŽαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž˜αž€αž αžΎαž™αŸ” αž”αŸ‰αž»αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž–αŸαž› αž“αŸαŸ‡αžŸαŸ’αž‘αžΎαžšαžαŸ‚αž‚αŸ’αž˜αžΆαž“αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžŽαžΆαž”αŸ’αžšαžΎαžœαžΆαž‘αžΎαž™ αžŠαŸ„αž™αž‚αŸαž”αŸ’αžšαžΎαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αžαŸ‚αžαž„αŸ‹αž•αŸ’αžŸαŸαž„αŸ—αž‡αŸ†αž“αž½αžŸαžœαž·αž‰

αž–αžΈαž–αŸ’αžšαŸ„αŸ‡αžαŸ‚αž€αžΆαžšαž•αžΆαž˜αžΆαž“αžαž˜αŸ’αž›αŸƒαžαŸ’αž›αŸƒαž–αŸαž€αŸ” β€‹αžŠαžΌαž…αž“αŸαŸ‡αž‚αžΊαž˜αžΆαž“αžαŸ‚αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž‡αžΈαžœαž—αžΆαž–αž˜αž’αŸ’αž™αž˜αž¬αž’αžΌαžšαž’αžΆαžšαžαŸ‚ αž”αŸ‰αž»αžŽαŸ’αžŽαŸ„αŸ‡αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž’αžΆαž…αž˜αžΆαž“αž›αž‘αŸ’αž’αž—αžΆαž–αž’αžΆαž…αž‘αž·αž‰αžœαžΆαž”αžΆαž“αŸ”

Krem Nhes, at the age of 79, has been making baskets (Kapa) for 40 years, since he was taught by his father. He sells the basket for $25 each. He needs bamboo, timber and three days to finish a basket. Phnong use it instead of bags, normal baskets and plastic. It’s very useful for going to the forest, market and when buying things or selling things. The Kapa basket has been used by the Phnong culture for many centuries. Yet now, almost no one uses it anymore, they use only plastic bags. Also the price of the basket is very high. So it gives the chance only to t​ he high social class that can afford to buy it.

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` αž‡αžΈαžœαž”αŸ’αžšαžœαžαž·αŸ’αž αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΈ αž€αŸ’αžœαžΌαžœαž”αžΉαž»αž„: αž˜αžΆαž“αž’αžΆαž™αž»αŸ¦αŸ₯αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ† αž‡αžΆαž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΆαž‰αž˜αŸ’αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž“αŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž—αžΌαž˜αž·αž€αŸ’αžšαž„αŸ‹αžαŸαŸ‡αŸ” αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αžαŸ’αž”αžΆαž‰ αžŸαŸ’αž”αŸ„αž„αž™αž½αžš αž€αžΆαžαžΆαž”αž€αžΌαž“αž€αŸ’αž˜αŸαž„ αž—αž½αž™αž’αŸ† αžŸαŸ†αž–αžαŸ‹ ធអវ αž–αžΉαž»αž„ αž–αžΉαž»αž αž“αž·αž„αž€αž“αŸ’αžŸαŸ‚αž„αŸ” αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž”αžΆαž“αžšαŸ€αž“αž˜αž»αžαžœαž·αž‡αŸ’αž‡αžΆαž“αŸαŸ‡αž˜αž€αž–αžΈαž˜αŸ’αžŠαžΆαž™αžšαž” αžŸαŸ‹αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž αžΎαž™αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž‘αž·αž‰αž’αŸ†αž”αŸ„αŸ‡αž–αžΈαž‚αŸαŸ”β€‹αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž˜αžΈαž„αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΌαž“αŸ§αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹ αž”αŸ’αžšαž»αžŸαŸ£ αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΈαŸ€αŸ” αž”αžΎαžŸαž·αž“αž‡αžΆαž˜αžΆαž“

αž‚αŸαž€αž˜αŸ’αž˜αž„αŸ‹αž²αŸ’αž™αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž‘αžΎαž”αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αžαŸ’αž”αžΆαž‰αž›αž€αŸ‹ αžαŸ‚αž”αžΎαž‚αŸ’αž˜αžΆαž“αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž‘αž·αž‰ αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž“αžΉαž„αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž”β€‹αŸ‹αžαŸ‚αž”αŸ’αžšαžΎαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αŸ” αžšαž™αŸˆαž–αŸαž›αžαŸ’αž”αžΆαž‰αž—αž½αž™αž˜αž½αž™αž™αŸ‰αžΆαž„αž›αžΏαž“αž‚αžΊαž”αŸ’αžšαž αŸ‚αž›αŸ’αŸ αžαŸ’αž„αŸ‚αž‘αžΎαž”αž αžΎαž™αŸ”β€‹αžαŸ‚αž”αžΎαžαŸ’αž”αžΆαž‰αž™αžΊαžαžœαž·αž‰

αŸ‘αžαŸ‚αž‘αžΎαž”αž”αžΆαž“αž αžΎαž™αŸ” αž“αŸ…αž€αžΆαž›αžŸαž˜αŸαž™αž˜αž»αž“αž˜αžΆαž“αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αžαŸ’αž›αŸ‡αžŸαŸ’αž›αŸ€αž€αž–αžΉαž»αž„αž“αž·αž„αž–αžΉαž»αž αž”αŸ‰αž»αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž”αž…αŸ’αž…αž»αž”αŸ’αž”αž“αŸ’αž“αž“αŸαŸ‡ αžŸαŸ’αž‘αžΎαžšαžαŸ‚αž‚αŸ’αž˜αžΆαž“αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžŸαŸ’αž›αŸ€αž€αžœαžΆαž‘αŸ…αž αžΎαž™αŸ” αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž–αž·αžαž‡αžΆαž…αž„αŸ‹αž”αž„αŸ’αžšαŸ€αž“αž€αžΌαž“αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž²αŸ’αž™αž…αŸαŸ‡αž“αŸ…αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΆαž‰αž“αŸαŸ‡αžŽαžΆαžŸαŸ‹β€‹ αž”αŸ‰αž»αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž€αžΌαž“αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž˜αž·αž“αž…αž„αŸ‹αžšαŸ€αž“αž‘αžΎαž™αŸ”

Kver Perng is 65 years old and has seven children, three boys and four girls. She is the main weaver in Krang Tes village. She weaves bags, backpacks, blankets, skirts, loincloths and towels. Blankets and towels are traditionally made with handspun thread by older Phnong women. Perng learned these skills from her mother. If a villager or foreigner wants to buy her handicrafts then she will weave for them, otherwise she will weave for her family. It takes between 20-30 days to finish one blanket, which costs 60,000 riel. In the past, most Phnong wore traditional clothing, but now not so much. She really wants to teach her daughter how to weave, but her daughter is not interested in learning the craft.

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BIOGRAPHIES αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΈ αž€αŸ’αžšαž·αž“αž†αžΎαž αž‡αžΆαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž˜αŸ’αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹αŸ” αž‚αžΆ ​ αžαŸ‹αž”αžΆαž“αž€αžΎαžαž“αŸ… αžαŸ’αž„αŸƒαž‘αžΈαŸ‘αŸ  αžαŸ‚αžαž»αž›αžΆ αž†αŸ’αž“αžΆαŸ†αŸ‘αŸ©αŸ§αŸ©αŸ”β€‹

αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž˜αž·αž“αž”αžΆαž“αž‘αŸ…αžŸαžΆαž›αžΆαž‘αŸ αžŠαŸ„αž™αžŸαžΆαžšαžαŸ‚αž‡αžΈαžœαž—αžΆαž–αž€αŸ’αžšαž»αž˜αž‚αŸ’αžšαž½αžŸαžΆαžšαž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαž›αŸ†αž”αžΆαž€αž–αŸαž€αŸ”

αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž”αžΆαž“αž…αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž’αž„αŸ’αž€αžΆαŸ†αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž‡αžΆαžαŸ’αžŸαŸ‚αž€ αžαŸ’αž”αžΆαž‰αž—αž½αž™ αž“αž·αž„αž€αž“αŸ’αžŸαŸ‚αž„αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž”αŸ‹αž›αž€αŸ‹αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž’αŸ†αž‘αž»αž„αžαŸ‚αž€αž»αž˜αŸ’αž—αŸˆ αžŠαž›αŸ‹αžαŸ‚αž˜αŸαžŸαžΆ αžŠαŸ„αž™αžŸαžΆαžšαž‚αŸ’αž˜αžΆαž“αž‘αžΉαž€αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž”αŸ‹αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ‚αž…αŸ†αž€αžΆαžšαŸ” αžαŸ’αžŸαŸ‚αž€αž˜αž½αž™αžαž˜αŸ’αž›αŸƒαŸ‘αŸ ,αŸ αŸ αŸ αŸ› αž—αž½αž™αž˜αž½αž™

αžαž˜αŸ’αž›αŸƒαŸ¦αŸ ,αŸ αŸ αŸ αŸ›αŸ” αž‚αžΆ ​ αžαŸ‹αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœαž€αžΆαžšαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαŸ†αž‘αŸ…αž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαŸ†αž˜αž½αž™αžαŸ’αž„αŸƒαžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈαž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž—αž½αž™αž˜αž½αž™αŸ” αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž’αžΆαž…αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαžαŸ’αžŸαŸ‚αž€αž’αž„αŸ’αž€αžΆαŸ†αž”αžΆαž“ αž”αž½αž“αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž˜αž½αž™αžαŸ’αž„αŸƒαŸ” αž“αŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž—αžΌαž˜αž·αž€αŸ’αžšαž„αŸ‹αžαŸαŸ‡αž˜αžΆαž“αžαŸ‚αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž“αž·αž„αž˜αŸ’αžŠαžΆαž™αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž‘αŸαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž”αŸ’αžšαž€αž”αžšαž”αžšαž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαžαŸ’αžŸαŸ‚αž€

αž—αž½αž™αž“αž·αž„αž€αž“αŸ’αžŸαŸ‚αž„αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž”αŸ‹αž›αž€αŸ‹αŸ”β€‹αž˜αž“αž»αžŸαŸ’αžŸαž˜αž½αž™αž…αŸ†αž“αž½αž“αž“αŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž—αžΌαž˜αž·αž€αŸ’αžšαž„αŸ‹αžαŸαŸ‡αž“αŸ…αžαŸ‚αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αžΆαžšαžŠαŸαŸ„αŸ‡αžŠαžΌαžšαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹ αžšαž”αžšαž‚αŸ’αž“αžΆαž‘αŸ…αžœαž·αž‰αž‘αŸ…αž˜αž€αŸ” αž”αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž˜αž–αžΈαž“αŸαŸ‡ αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αžŠαžΆαŸ†αž›αŸ’αž–αŸ… αž’αŸ†αž–αŸ… αž“αž“αŸ„αž„ αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœ αžƒαŸ’αž›αŸ„αž€ αž“αž·αž„αžŠ ​ αŸ†αž‘αžΌαž„αž˜αžΈαŸ” αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœ αž“αž·αž„αžŠ ​ αŸ†αž‘αžΌαž„αž˜αžΈαž•αŸ’αžŠαž›αŸ‹αžαžœαž·αž€αžΆαžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž”αŸ‹αž‚αŸ’αžšαž½αžŸαžΆαžšαž”αžΆαž“αž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αž‡αžΆαž„αž‚αŸαŸ”

Krane Chert was born on 10 October, 1979. She didn’t go to school because her family was poor. As a farmer, she grows pumpkin, zucchini, rice, gourds and cassava. Rice and cassava raise the most money for her family, but she still finds other ways to earn money. Every year between February and April when there is no water for farming, she makes colorful beaded necklaces to sell. Her handmade necklaces are made with beads from Vietnam. One necklace costs 10,000 riel and one blanket costs 60,000 riel. Her community also trades in goods. In Krang Tes village, only she and her mother (Kver Perng) make and sell necklaces, blankets and towels.

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αžŸαŸαž…αž€αŸ’αžŠαžΈαžŸαž“αŸ’αž“αž·αžŠαŸ’αž‹αžΆαž“ αžŸαž–αŸ’αžœαžαŸ’αž„αŸƒαž“αŸαŸ‡ αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž”αŸ’αžšαžˆαž˜αž˜αž»αžαž“αžΉαž„αž”αž‰αŸ’αž αžΆαž‡αžΆαž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αŸ” αž”αž‰αŸ’αž αžΆαž…αŸ†αž”αž„αž˜αžΆαž“αžŠαžΌαž…αž‡αžΆαž€αžΆαžšαž’αž”αŸ‹αžšαŸ† αž“αž·αž„αžŸαž»αžαž—αžΆαž–αŸ”β€‹αž€αžΆαžšαž’αž”αŸ‹αžšαŸ†αž‡αžΆαž”αž‰αŸ’αž αžΆαžŠαŸαžŸαŸ†αžαžΆαž“αŸ‹αž˜αž½αž™ αž–αŸ’αžšαŸ„αŸ‡αž’αŸ†αž‘αž»αž„ αž–αŸαž›αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαžŸαŸ’αžšαŸ‚αž…αŸ†αž€αžΆαžšαžͺαž–αž»αž€αž˜αŸ’αžαžΆαž™αžαŸ‚αž„αž‘αž»αž€αž€αžΌαž“αž²αŸ’αž™αž“αŸ…αž‡αž½αž™ αžŠαžΌαž…αŸ’αž“αŸαŸ‡αž€αžΌαž“αŸ—αž˜αž·αž“αž”αžΆαž“αž…αžΌαž›αžŸαžΆαž›αžΆαž‘αŸ αž αžΎαž™αž…αŸ†αž“αž½αž“αž’αž“αž»αžœαž·αž‘αŸ’αž™αžΆαž›αŸαž™αž“αŸ…αž˜αžΆαž“αž€αž˜αŸ’αžšαž·αžαž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„

αžŸαž αž‚αž˜αž“αŸαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αŸ”β€‹αžŸαž»αžαž—αžΆαž–αž€αŸαž‡αžΆαž”αž‰αŸ’αž αžΆαž˜αž½αž™αžŠαŸ‚αžš αžŠαŸ„αž™αžŸαžΆαžšαžαŸ‚αž€αž„αŸ’αžœαŸ‡αž’αž“αžΆαž˜αŸαž™ αž‘αžΉαž€αžŸαŸ’αž’αžΆαžβ€‹αž“αž·αž„αž˜αžΆαž“αž‡αž˜αŸ’αž„αžΊαž•αŸ’αžŸαŸαž„αŸ—αžŠαŸ„αž™αžŸαžΆαžšαž˜αžΌαžŸαžαžΆαŸ†αŸ” αž“αŸ…

αž’αŸ†αž‘αž»αž„αž–αŸαž›αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž™αžΎαž„αž…αž»αŸ‡αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž€αž˜αŸ’αž˜αžŸαž·αž€αŸ’αžŸαžΆαž“αŸ…αžŸαž αž‚αž˜αž“αŸαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„ αž™αžΎαž„αž”αžΆαž“αžŠαžΉαž„αžαžΆαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž”αžΆαž“αž•αŸ’αž›αžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž”αŸ’αžαžΌαžšαž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αŸ” αž”αž…αŸ’αž…αž”αŸ’αž”αž“αŸ’αž“αž“αŸαŸ‡ αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž˜αž·αž“αžŸαŸ’αž›αŸ€αž€αžŸαž˜αŸ’αž›αŸ€αž€αž”αŸ†αž–αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈαž‰αžΉαž€αž‰αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž‘αŸ αž–αŸ’αžšαž˜αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž˜αž·αž“αž“αž·αž™αžΆαž™αž—αžΆαžŸαžΆαž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“ αž‡αžΆαž–αž·αžŸαŸαžŸαž€αŸ’αž˜αŸαž„αŸ—αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΆαž“αŸ‹αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž™αŸ”

αž‡αžΆαž…αž»αž„αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž™ αž™αžΎαž„αžŸαžΌαž˜αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž²αŸ’αž™αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžαŸ’αž˜αŸ‚αžšαž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž’αžŸαŸ‹αž‚αŸ’αž“αžΆαž…αžΌαž›αžšαž½αž˜αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž€αžΆαžšαž‡αž½αž™αž•αŸ’αžŸαž–αŸ’αžœαž•αŸ’αžŸαžΆαž™αžαžΆαž αŸαžαž»αž’αŸ’αžœαžΈαž”αžΆαž“αž‡αžΆαž€αžΆαžšαž’αž”αŸ‹αžšαŸ†αžŸαŸ†αžαžΆαž“αŸ‹αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžšαžΆαž”αŸ‹αž€αŸ’αž˜αŸαž„αŸ—αŸ”β€‹αž‘αž“αŸ’αž‘αžΉαž˜αž“αžΉαž„ αž”αž‰αŸ’αž αžΆαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž€αžΎαžαž‘αžΎαž„αžŠαžΌαž…αžαžΆαž„αž›αžΎαž“αŸαŸ‡ αžšαžŠαŸ’αž‹αžΆαž—αž·αž”αžΆαž›αž‚αž½αžšαžαŸ‚αž”αž„αŸ’αž€αžΎαžαž’αž“αž»αžœαž·αž‘αŸ’αž™αžΆαž›αŸαž™ αž“αž·αž„αžœαž·αž‘αŸ’αž™αžΆαž›αŸαž™αž²αŸ’αž™αž€αžΆαž“αŸ‹αžαŸ‚αž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“ αžŠαžΌαž…αŸ’αž“αŸαŸ‡αžŸαž·αžŸαŸ’αžŸαžΆαž“αž»αžŸαž·αžŸαŸ’αžŸαž’αžΆαž…αž”αž“αŸ’αžαž€αžΆαžšαžŸαž·αž€αŸ’αžŸαžΆ

αžŠαŸ„αž™αž˜αž·αž“αž…αžΆαŸ†αž”αžΆαž…αŸ‹αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαžŠαŸ†αžŽαžΎαžšαž†αŸ’αž„αžΆαž™αž–αžΈαžŸαž αž‚αž˜αž“αŸαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž‘αžΎαž™αŸ” αž˜αŸ’αž™αŸ‰αžΆαž„αž‘αŸ€αž αž₯αž‘αžΌαžœαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž˜αžΆαž“αž˜αžŽαŸ’αžŒαž›αžŸαž»αžαž—αžΆαž–αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž’αžΆαž…αž–αŸ’αž™αžΆαž”αžΆαž›αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹

αž“αŸ…αž–αŸαž›αž˜αžΆαž“αž‡αž˜αŸ’αž„αžΊ αž αžΎαž™αž–αž½αž‚αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž€αŸαž”αžΆαž“αž™αž›αŸ‹αžŠαžΉαž„αž–αžΈαž€αžΆαžšαžαŸ‚αž‘αžΆαŸ†αžŸαž»αžαž—αžΆαž–αž›αŸ’αž’αž‡αžΆαž„αž˜αž»αž“αŸ” αž”αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž˜αž–αžΈαž“αŸαŸ‡αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž˜αžΆαž“αž”αž„αŸ’αž‚αž“αŸ‹αž’αž“αžΆαž˜αŸαž™αžαŸ’αžšαžΉαž˜αžαŸ’αžšαžΌαžœ αž‡αžΆαž˜αž½αž™αž“αžΉαž„αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸαž“αŸ’αž’ αž‘αžΉαž€αžŠαŸ‚αž›αžŸαŸ’αž’αžΆαžαž‡αžΆαž„αž˜αž»αž“αŸ” αž™αŸ„αž„αž‘αŸ…αžαžΆαž˜αž‘αžŸαŸ’αžŸαž“αŸˆαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž–αž½αž€αž™αžΎαž„αžαŸ’αž‰αž»αŸ† αž™αžΎαž„αž›αžΎαž€αž‘αžΉαž€αž…αž·αžαŸ’αžαžŠαž›αŸ‹αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΆαž“αŸ‹αž˜αž»αž“ αž²αŸ’αž™αž‡αž½αž™αž…αŸ‚αž€αžšαŸ†αž›αŸ‚αž€αž…αŸ†αžŽαŸαŸ‡αžŠαžΉαž„αž–αžΈαž€αžΆαžšαžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ… αžšαž”αŸ€αž”αžšαž”αž”αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈαž…αžΆαžŸαŸ‹αŸ—αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž‘αŸ…αž€αžΆαž“αŸ‹αž€αŸ’αž˜αŸαž„αŸ—αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΆαž“αŸ‹αž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž™ αž–αŸ’αžšαž˜αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αžŸαžΌαž˜αž²αŸ’αž™αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž“αž·αž™αžΆαž™αž—αžΆαžŸαžΆαžŠαžΎαž˜αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž²αŸ’αž™αž”αžΆαž“αž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αž‡αžΆαž„αž˜αž»αž“αŸ”

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Conclusion There are many issues that Phnong people face every day. The main issues are education and health. Education is one of the main issues because kids help their parents during the farming season, so they miss school. There is also a lack of lower secondary schools in their communities. Health is also an issue because of improper hygiene, unsafe water resources, and illnesses caused by mosquitoes. While visiting Phnong communities on our field trip, we noticed that this indigenous minority has changed their cultural customs a lot. They do not wear their traditional costumes as often, their houses are becoming more modern, and they donΓ’€™t speak as much Phnong language as before, particularlyΓ’€‹the younger generation. In conclusion, we would like to motivate all Cambodians to help Phnong people understand the importance of education for their children. The government should build more secondary schools, so students are able to further their education without traveling to other schools that are very far away from their communities. On the other hand, right now, they have public health centers that can take care of them when they are sick and they understand what is good for their health and what is not good for their health. In addition, they have safer water systems. From our perspective, we would like to encourage the older generation to spread awareness of their traditional lifestyles and to speak more of their native language (Phnong) as much as they can.

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` αž€αžΆαžšαžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ…αž”αŸ‚αž”αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈ

αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αžαŸ’αž›αŸ‡αž“αŸ…αžαŸ‚αž”αŸ’αžšαžΎαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž”αŸ†αž–αž„αŸ‹αž¬αžŸαŸ’αžŸαžΈαžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈαž…αŸ†αž’αž·αž“αž˜αŸ’αž αžΌαž”(αžŸαž˜αŸ’αž›αž”αŸ’αžšαžΌαž„) Some Phnong still use bamboo to cook food (Prong).

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SOME PICTURES OF LIFESTYLE

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αž€αŸ’αžšαž»αž˜αžŸαŸ’αžšαžΆαžœαž‡αŸ’αžšαžΆαžœαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž™αžΎαž„

αž€αŸ’αžšαž»αž˜αžŸαž·αž€αŸ’αžŸαžΆαžŸαŸ’αžšαžΆαžœαž‡αŸ’αžšαžΆαžœαž–αžΈαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž”αžΆαž“αž‘αŸ…αž›αŸαž„αž‘αžΉαž€αž‡αŸ’αžšαŸ„αŸ‡αž”αŸŠαžΌαžŸαŸ’αžšαžΆαž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžαŸαžαŸ’αžαž˜αžŽαŸ’αžŒαž›αž‚αžΈαžšαžΈαŸ” αž‡αŸ’αžšαŸ„αŸ‡αž”αŸŠαžΌαžŸαŸ’αžšαžΆαž”αŸ’αžšαž—αž–αžŠαŸαžŸαŸ†αžαžΆαž“αŸ‹αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž· αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αž”αŸ’αžšαžΎαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αžœαžΆαž‡αžΆαž‘αžΉαž€αž–αž·αžŸαžΆαžš αž”αŸ’αžšαžΎαž”αŸ’αžšαžΆαžŸαŸ‹αž•αŸ’αžŸαŸαž„αŸ— αž“αž·αž„αž‡αžΆαž€αž“αŸ’αž›αŸ‚αž„αž–αž½αž€αž‚αžΆαžαŸ‹αž’αžΆαž…αž”αŸ’αžšαž€αž”αžšαž”αžšαž›αž€αŸ‹ ធអហអរ αžŸαž˜αŸ’αž›αŸ€αž€αž”αŸ†αž–αžΆαž€αŸ‹ αž“αž·αž„αžœαžαŸ’αžαž»αž’αž“αž»αžŸαŸ’αžŸαžΆαžœαžšαžΈ αž™αž“αŸαž‡αžΆαž…αŸ’αžšαžΎαž“αž‘αŸ€αžαž‘αŸ…αž—αŸ’αž‰αŸ€αžœαž‘αŸαžŸαž…αžšαžŽαŸαŸ” The Phnong Exploration group visited Bousra waterfall in Mondulkiri province. Bousra waterfall is an important resource for the Phnong, as they use it for water, washing, and as a place for selling food, clothes, and other souvenirs to tourists.

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OUR TEAM

αž€αŸ’αžšαž»αž˜αžŸαž˜αžΆαžŸαž—αžΆαž–αž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžŸαžšαžŸαŸαžš αžαžαžšαžΌαž”αž—αžΆαž– αž“αž·αž„αžšαž…αž“αžΆαžŸαŸ€αžœαž—αŸ…αž“αŸαŸ‡αžšαž½αž˜αž˜αžΆαž“αŸ– αž‡αž½αžšαž˜αž»αž (αž†-ស) αž…αžΆαž“αŸ‹ ដអវីត αžŸαŸαž„ αžŸαž»αž•αžΆαž αž™αž“αŸ‹ αžŸαž˜αŸ’αž—αžŸαŸ’αžŸ សេស αžœαž“αžŸαžΆαžš αžŸαž»αž—αžΆβ€‹αž€αž‰αŸ’αž‰αžΆαž“αžΈαž β€‹αž αžΆαžœ αž‡αžΈαž˜αžΆαž“ αž‡αž½αžšαž€αŸ’αžšαŸ„αž™ (αž†-ស) αžŸαž»αžœαžŽαŸ’αžŽ αžšαžαž“αŸ‡ αžŸαŸ… សូ αžœαž·αžŸαžΆαž› αž™αžΏαž„ αž˜αŸ‰αžΆαž™αŸ‰αžΆ αžαžΆαž“αž“αŸ’αž αžŸαž»αž–αžŽαŸ αž‘αŸαž– αžαžΆαž’αž·αž“αžΈ αž›αžΏαž„ αž•αžΌαžŸαŸ’αžšαžΈαž“αžΆαž„ The wonderfully hard working writers, photographers and designers of this book are: Front (L-R) Davith Chan, Sophat Seng, Somphors Yun, Vornsar Ses, Kangnaneat Sophea, Chimean Hav Back (L-R) Rattanak Sovann, Visal Sou Sao, Maya Yoeung, Sopor Thanann, Tha Thiny Tep, Sreyneang Pho Loeung

36


β€œ

αžαŸ’αž‰αž»αŸ†αž˜αž·αž“αžŠαŸ‚αž›αž’αŸ’αž›αžΆαž”αŸ‹αž”αžΆαžšαž˜αŸ’αž˜αžŽαŸαž’αŸ†αž–αžΈαž€αžΆαžšαž”αžΆαžαŸ‹αž”αž„αŸ‹αž“αŸƒαžšαž”αŸ’αž”αž’αž˜αŸŒαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž™αžΎαž„αž‘αŸ (αž–αŸ’αž“αž„)αŸ” αž”αŸ‰αž»αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž–αŸαž›αžŠαŸ‚αž›αžαŸ’αž‰αž»αŸ†αž‚αž· αžαž–αžΈαžœαžΆαž˜αŸ’αžαž„αž αžΎαž™αž˜αŸ’αžαž„αž‘αŸ€αž αž‘αžΎαž”αžαŸ’αž‰αž»αŸ†αžŸαž„αŸ’αž€αŸαžαžƒαžΎαž‰αžαžΆαžœαž”αŸ’αž”αž’αž˜αŸŒαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž™αžΎαž„αž€αŸ†αž–αž»αž„αžαŸ‚αž”αžΆαžαŸ‹αž”αž„αŸ‹αž”αž“αŸ’αžαž·αž… αž˜αŸ’αžαž„αŸ—αŸ” αžŸαž˜αŸ’αžŠαžΈαž›αŸ„αž€ αž•αŸ’αž›αžΆαž„ αžŸαŸŠαžΈαž“ (αž”αž»αžšαžŸαž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž–αŸ’αž“αž„)

I never used to worry about the extinction of our culture. But when I think about it over and over again, I notice our culture is fading. – Plang Sin (Phnong man)

”

αžŸαž·αžŸαŸ’αžŸαžΆαž“αž»αžŸαž·αžŸαŸ’αžŸαžŸαžΆαž›αžΆαž’αž“αŸ’αžαžšαž‡αžΆαžαž·αž‘αŸƒαž αŸ’αž‚αŸαžšαž“αŸ…αž‘αžΈαž€αŸ’αžšαž»αž„αž—αŸ’αž“αŸ†αž–αŸαž‰αž˜αž½αž™αž€αŸ’αžšαž»αž˜αž”αžΆαž“αž…αž»αŸ‡αž’αŸ’αžœαžΎαž€αž˜αŸ’αž˜αžŸαž·αž€αŸ’αžŸαžΆαž“αŸ…αžαŸαžαŸ’αžαž˜αžŽαŸ’αžŒαž›αž‚αž·αžšαžΈ αžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈαžšαŸ€αž“αž”αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž˜αž–αžΈαžœαž”αŸ’αž”αž’αž˜αŸαžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹ αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αžŠαžΎαž˜αž—αžΆαž‚αžαž·αž…αž–αŸ’αž“αž„αŸ” αž“αŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αžŸαŸ€αžœαž—αŸ…αž“αŸαŸ‡αž’αŸ’αž“αž€β€‹αž“αžΉαž„αž™αž›αŸ‹αžŠαžΉαž„αž”αž“αŸ’αžαŸ‚αž˜αž’αŸ†αž–αžΈαž€αžΆαžšαžšαžŸαŸ‹αž“αŸ…αž”αŸ‚αž”αž”αŸ’αžšαž–αŸƒαžŽαžΈ αž‡αŸ†αž“αžΏαž–αžΈαž’αžΈαž”αž»αžŽαŸ’αž™αž•αŸ’αžŸαŸαž„αŸ— αž€αžΆαžšαž’αž”αŸ‹αžšαŸ†β€‹αž–αŸ’αžšαž˜ αž‘αžΆαŸ†αž„αž‡αžΈαžœαž”αŸ’αžšαžœαžαŸ’αžαž·αžαŸ’αž›αŸ‡αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž‡αž“αž‡αžΆαžαž·αž—αžΆαž‚αžαž·αž…αž–αŸ’αž“αž„ តអ ​ αž˜αžšαž™αŸ‡αž€αžΆαžšαžŸαž˜αŸ’αž—αžΆαžŸαž“αŸαžŠαŸ„αž™αž•αŸ’αž‘αžΆαž›αŸ‹αžšαž”αžŸαŸ‹αž–αž½αž€αž™αžΎαž„αŸ”αžŸαžΆαž›αžΆαž’αž“αŸ’αžαžšαž‡αžΆαžαž·αž‘αŸƒαž αŸ’αž‚αŸαžšαž“αŸ…αž€αŸ’αž“αž»αž„αž‘αžΈαž€αŸ’αžšαž»αž„αž—αŸ’αž“αŸ†αž–αŸ αž‰αž•αŸ’αžαž›αŸ‹αž²αŸ’αž™αžŸαž·αžŸαŸ’αžŸαžŠαŸ‚αž›αž˜αžΆαž“αžŸαž€αŸ’αžŠαžΆαž“αž»αž–αž›αžαŸ’αž–αžŸαŸ‹αžαŸ‚αž˜αž·αž“αž˜αžΆαž“αž›αž·αž‘αŸ’αž’αž·αž—αžΆαž–αž•αŸ’αž“αŸ‚αž€αžαžœαž·αž€αžΆ αž“αžΌαžœαž€αžΆαžšαž’αž”αŸ‹αžšαŸ†αž›αŸ†αžŠαžΆαž”αŸ‹αžαŸ’αž“αžΆαž€αŸ‹αž–αž·αž—αž–αž›αŸ„αž€αž αžΎαž™αž‡αŸ†αžšαž»αž‰αž²αŸ’αž™αž–αž½αž€αž‚αŸαžŠαžΎαž˜αŸ’αž”αžΈ αž€αŸ’αž›αžΆαž™αž‡αžΆαž’αŸ’αž“αž€αžŠαžΉαž€αž“αžΆαŸ†αž“αŸ…αžαŸ’αž„αŸƒαž’αž“αžΆαž‚αžαŸ”

A group of students from Liger Learning Center in Phnom Penh traveled to Mondulkiri to study indigenous Phnong culture. In this book, you will learn about Phnong traditional livelihoods, their belief, ceremony, education, and their lifestyle through our interviews. Liger Learning Center in Phnom Penh provides high-potential, economically disadvantaged students with a world-class learning experience – empowering them to become leaders of tomorrow.


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