Urban Promenade

Page 1

Urban Promenade in YMT Fruit Market. Graduation Design Sep.2018 - April.2019 Designer Lee Shing Chun & Lim Yi Ting Teacher Matt Liao



ABOUT DESIGNER 01 Name / Lee Shing Chun National / Hong Kong Email / araleesc@gmail.com Phone / +852 6240 0067 , +886 958 754 868 02 Name / Lim Yi Ting (Et) National / Malaysia Email / etinglim@gmail.com Phone / +601 1356 7829 , +886 902 337 829

TABLE OF CONTENTS METHODOLOGY INTRODUCTION ISSUE -Hong Kong -YMT FMK -YMT About

-YMT Wholse Fruit Market

About, Import, Unit / Organization

-Goverment’s angle HISTORY

History of Building Development

OFFICIAL STATISTICS & DATA

METHODOLOGY

-YMT open space data -YMT site analysis -Interview

CONCEPT Types of Resarch Strategies Primary Data: Interview Site anaylsis Secondary Data: Official Statistics.

PROGRAM 1 (2018.11.15) -Analysis diagram -Program diagram -Design

PROGRAM 2 (2019.01.21)

Method of Data Collection

-Analysis diagram -Program diagram -Design

Interview/ -YMT Wholesale Fruit Market’s Organization -Citizen who live in YMT -Hong Kong Citizen

PROGRAM 1 (2019.03.16)

Foundation Info/ -Gorverment’s website -Google Map Pro -Youtube Vlog

-Analysis diagram -Program diagram -Design -BF,GF,1F Floor Plan -Section -Site Plan, Detail, Perspective -Panorama


INTRODUCTION

于城市森林裏爭取的呼吸空間 __本土文化與城市居住環境并存


HONG KONG



LOCATION YAU MA TEI

Origin of name 油麻地 (literally, "land of oil and jute")

YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

Yau “油”= 桐油 tung oil for sealing boat hull Ma “麻”= 黃麻繩 jute rope for mooring and rigging

Foundation: 1.5KM2 / 550坪數 如今的油麻地果欄全貌,

油麻地之名。根據天后廟內1870

周邊全是高聳的牙籤樓。

年(同治九年)所立碑記,當時 該地稱為「蔴地」。是漁民曬船

在都市的品質提升和更新過程中,

上麻纜的地方。後來到了1875年

舊的公共市場往往佔有良好的地理

(光緒元年),不少經營補漁船

區位,可是由於低品質的空間環境

的桐油及麻纜商店於區內設立,

和落後的運作模式,常常面臨被拆

故改稱為「油蔴地」(油麻地)

除或被搬離的命運。


America 31.8%

Orange, apple, lemon, papaya, prunes, grapefruit, strawberry

Iran 13.0%

Apple, grape, citrus, mango Dried fruitďźšCashew nuts, raisins, dried apricots, figs

China

Hongkong Philippines

Thailand 15.7%

Durian, lotus, mangosteen, guava, citrus, grapefruit, longan

Australia

Chile

South Africa new Zealand


UNIT / ORGANIZATION YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

商會 ORDANIZATION 九龍果菜同業商會(1927年)會 員-果欄員工、零售商或在果欄內 有商業登記。

商會主要負責協調、排解有關果 欄的問題和衝突,組織活動,向 欄商提供各種資訊與果欄會員福 利。

餐廳 CANTEEN 在果欄範圍內共有3間餐廳。果 欄內的餐廳有2個特點︰營業時 間會在果欄最繁忙的時間營業時 間9pm-5am。 只招待果欄的員工及工友她們屬 於工作場所內專供受僱於該處的 人使用的食堂根據《食物業規例 》,並不屬於食物業,無須領食 肆牌照。


CULTURE HIGHLIGHT YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET . 果欄文化 . 日夜癲倒 . 終日無休工作 . 舊香港社會-勞力主導市場 + 男性主導後期女性加入 . 分秒必爭 . 工友文化 . 建築特色 . 舊式工具 . 黑道背景


ISSUE

HONG KONG . 人口增長 . 山多地少 . 政府不釋放空地 . 人均休憩用地不合標準

ISSUE YMT & FMK

. 人口密度過高 . 缺少城市綠化 . 缺少休憩空間 . 批發經營衰落


EXPECTATION FOR YMT 市民對油尖旺區更新願景

YAU MA TEI

促進生活環境 改善交通

37%

22%

本土經濟 18%

文化特色 6% 旅游發展

6%

保育遺產

2%

不協調土地用途 藝術文化

4%

3%


YAU MA TEI OPEN SPACE DATA / 2017 香港公共空間可用面積標準 / 統計

新加坡/日本標準

6

3

香港標準 2

油麻地

1

0

旺角

現存人均

現存人均

現存人均

可計算

鄰近可用

地區可用

休憩用地面積 (平方米)

休憩空間面積

休憩空間面積

1.5

0.7

0.8


HISTORY OF BUILDING DEVELOPMENT YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

The name of the market was originally Government Vegetables Market which sold fruit and vegetables. Construction material: Hay barn Nowadays, the most common structures and materials to be found on site are: 1.Light iron truss 輕鐵桁架 2.Brick pillarsqiz 磚砌門柱 3.Timber purline (roof) 木材檁條( 屋頂) 4. Reinforced concrete lintel 鋼筋混凝土過梁 5. Cantilever 懸臂 6. Corrugated asbestos sheets 瓦 楞石棉板 7. Stucco surfaces 粉刷面

Government started selling land to wholesalers. In there, have many building style of Hay barn in Yau Ma Tei Market. Fish traders joined.

16 shops built toreplace the earlier temporary structures along Shek Lung St. 16間歷史建築興建現今位於石 龍街。

The market began to specialize in fruit trading, along with the emergence of New Cheung Sha Wan Vegetables Wholesaling Market and Cheung Sha Wan Fishery Wholesaling Market. 雞欄、魚欄、菜欄搬至長沙灣 。只有水果批發商販在場內經 營。果欄面積亦有所擴展。


The market classified as a Grade III Historic Building.

The market classified as a Grade II Historic Building.

A fire tore through 10 of the market’s stalls.

Increase Wholesale Fruit Market Storage Area. Fire Area are No re-planning.


ISSUE

YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

1.空間不足 Insufficient space 2.交通道路問題 Traffic problems

1.超市競爭 Super market compeitetion 超市規模大,有多間分店,以致可 大量入貨降低成本, 此外它們把售 價降低之餘,又能夠賺取利潤,另

欄商把貨物放在馬路上,佔據了兩

外超巿貨品齊全,形成了新的購物

條行車線,加上搬運工友拉着唧車

模式,因此分薄了街市果商的生意

在馬路穿梭,嚴重影響窩打老道交

,而他們的貨源是直接到果欄購貨

通暢通。

的,減少果欄的生意來源。

3.噪音污染衛生問題 Hygiene issue & Noise issue 果欄是在晚間開始運作,深宵的果 欄擾人清夢,特別是上落貨嘈音 (唧車,大貨車) 4.負面

2.政府趕賣水果小販 (衛生規管問題) Street vendor 此政策由食環處全權處理,並且以 巿容衛生為前提,目的是為了趕絕 所有小販,其中包括賣水果的果販 ,而果販會由果欄直接入貨。因此 減少了果欄的客源,令到各欄商經 營更困難。

/ 空間并非不足,而是欠缺規劃


YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET 利用天橋地下的剩餘空間卸貨/上貨 ,激活城市的“剩餘空間”,成爲油 麻地的獨有的城市畫面。



GOVERMENT’S ANGLE

ABOUT LOCAL RESIDENTS

1969年開始考慮重置

市民 Citizens 學生:現在香港人真的很冷漠,科 技發達,人與人之間變得疏離,從 前住公屋時鄰舍關係親密,大家守 望相助,果欄正給予我這種感覺。

YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

計劃搬遷 > 長沙灣 / 葵涌 / 青衣

與商販意見分歧 生意額會大受影響 欄商指責政府不顧低下階層生計, 沒有對果欄伸出援手。 近年 發現地皮的商業價值,有意活化, 但活化計劃仍是一張白紙

YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

Ref: YMT fruit market interview record p.59 陳女士: 果欄已經在這個社區陪伴 我們很久,如果她搬走了,這個社 區就會缺少了很有特色的一部分。 Ref: YMT fruit market interview record p.65 商戶 Merchants 羅先生: 我們的經營模式都是把貨 堆在街上,朝行晚拆,我們一定時 刻留意天文台的消息,打風下雨早 一點把貨收起來。現在不能只做批 發,我們在大圍開零售店,縮短入 口到客人的費用和流程。 志生幱: 在這裏工作最重要是靠經 驗,老了也要學習,像新品種的水 果都必須要一一瞭解。 中秋節是最 忙碌的。平常水果品種十幾種,中 秋卻有三十多種。 Ref: applelife video interview 蚊姐:有些客人坐在這裏即場吃水 果,有些坐著吃或站著吃,我們有 時候會放幾張桌子。


ORIGINAL PLAN


24hrs Timeline YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

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ENTERTAINMENT NEGOTIATION

EMPLOYEE

LESALE

RETAIL EATING

LOADING GF

B1F

YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

LOADING

BREAK TIME

1F

BREAK TIME

SECURITY

WHO


CONCEPT

YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

Due to the change of transportation method; the competition with supermarkets; and the joining of new generation, the way of wholesaling here has evolved. Many of the wholesalers have joined retailing, and started using online system to utilize the placing and delivery of orders. The business model and also the demand for spaces have all turned out to be different from what it used to be in the past. We keen on providing a chance for transformation, to offer the wholesalers, tourists and neighbourhood nearby a space of breath. First, after freeing up the designated spaces, it can be used to carry out other forms of industries. The vibe among the sellers and the neighbourhood in maintaining Yau Ma Tei Fruit Market together, can therefore be built up for a further piling up of future memories. At the current stage, we are focusing on the re-planning of spaces in the fruit market, improving the circulation and freeing up spaces, putting in imagination to the possibility of the original buildings and the credits to be added in. We are going to create a new space which incorporates urban greening to make it a place where it puts the tourists and sellers together, i.e. by providing some resting and communicating areas, to sooth people’s stress in the city, and allowing them to experience a fruity and heart-warming space. 由於運輸模式改變,超商的競爭,新一代的加盟, 式, 利用網路下單運送,促使 我們期望幫助

裏的批發形式隨之改變。不少商戶紛紛加入零售模

裏的商業模式已經和以前不同,對空間的需求變得不一樣。

裏轉型,為商人,附近居民和遊客提供一個呼吸空間。首先經過規劃來釋放出可使用的

空間來進行不同的產業形式。讓商戶和附近居民共同維護油麻地果欄的人情味與精神,從而讓他們繼續共 同建構

裏的集體回憶。

現階段,我們著重在果欄空間重新規劃,改善動綫和釋放空間,想象原有建築的可能性和能夠附加的價 值。創造新的空間並結合城市綠化,讓 空間,舒緩城市壓力,讓來

裏成爲遊客與商人之間的匯聚場域,其中包括提供休息與交流

裏的人體驗有水果味以及人情味的呼吸空間。


CIRCULATION

YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT

Observed the human activity status of YMT Fruit Market in order to understand the needs of the market. Thinking how to break through the traditional system. In the same time, retain and strengthen the old building structure. Release the space to allow different activity happen. Tried to redefine the space base on the wholesale system and retail system in order to arrange more activity access to YMT market. The private area and entertainment area will be improved for the employee. The multiple function area defined by different period of time and different user. However, we hope that the tourist and the citizen will glad to be here to have a depth-tour and understand Fruit market’s culture.

觀察油麻地果欄的人活動狀況,分析出空間需要。在規劃上思考如何突破。保留舊建築結構,同時強化 一些建築的結構,建立空間,規劃空間動線。找出空間規劃並且突破,釋出的空間為果欄添加多元活動 。 重新劃分果欄空間,批發與零售之間,讓空間能更好的運用。保留原本果欄內工友與商販的私人休息和 娛樂空間。部分時間使用上能夠讓空間交替使用的多功能空間。讓果欄遊客也能夠進入到果欄最深處體 驗果欄內的文化。重新設計與規劃進貨路線,改善原本問題。


PROGRAM 1 (2018.11.15) -Program diagram -Analysis diagram -Design


PROGRAM

REST PLACE

Canopy

Echange area

At\tachment Plant

Loading

Share

Storage

Transfer



P1.24HRS TIMELINE

YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

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ENTERTAINMENT NEGOTIATION

EMPLOYEE

LESALE

LOADING GF

B1F

BREAK TIME

1F

BREAK TIME

SECURITY

RETAIL EATING

EATING

LOADING

WHO


TOURIST GUIDELINE

STAFF GUIDE LINE

GOODS TRANPORT GUIDELINE


油麻地戲院

員工宿舍

秀和欄 24hr 果籃包裝 游炎記 24hr

合昌義 24hr

員工食堂

志和欄 24hr D

豐年欄 10pm-8 三兄弟果欄 10pm-8am

D

公共冷藏庫

塗鴉門 7am-8pm

商會

E

E


BUILDING DECONSTRUCTION & REFACTORING D1 YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

Original

Open

Adding path


BUILDING DECONSTRUCTION & REFACTORING D2 YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

Original

Backdoor

Canopy & Sidewalk

Storage

Stair


BUILDING DECONSTRUCTION & REFACTORING D3 YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

Original

Connect

Share space

Connect

Stair

door


PARKING AREA DESIGN DIAGRAM YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

Problem: not egnouh space to loading Aims: Planning the demaged area become the main loading area. Try to replan the loading area, make it more effient. Aims at solve the problem of the loading and uploading space , Its lead to traffic jam because of the truck parking on the highway around the market everynight.


PROGRAM 1 (2019.01.11) -Program diagram -Analysis diagram -Design



ORIGINAL

YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

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ENTERTAINMENT NEGOTIATION

EMPLOYEE

LESALE

EATING

LOADING GF

Original

Plan & Section

RETAIL

B1F

LOADING

BREAK TIME

1F

BREAK TIME

Timeline

SECURITY

WHO


Worker

Original DAY PM-AM

Visitor

Worker

Original DAY PM-AM

Visitor


NEW

YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

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DYEING CENTER STORE

PARK

1F

Timeline

WINE STORE

EATING

EATING

EATING EXHIBITION

RETAIL

BREAK TIME GF

BEVERAGE STORE

LOADING

LESALE New

Section

WINE STORE

weekends & holidays

BEVERAGE STORE

LOADING

LOADING/ PARKING

WHO

BREAK TIME

B1F SECURITY

weekdays

SECURITY


Worker

Worker

NEW DAY PM-AM

Visitor

NEW DAY PM-AM

Visitor


4 A

3 1

A Retail

B

5

6

2

C

B Wholesale

C Park


1. REST PLACE

4. COURTYARD

2. ENTRANCE

5. ALLY

3. LEARNING CENTER

6. PARK


PROGRAM 2 (2019.01.21) -Analysis diagram -Program diagram -Design



TIMESPACE

YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET 試圖嘗試更改為平面層的模式發展批發市場日夜的切換。 嘗試利用步道連結與

梭新舊建築、批發區域保留原有結構、並且根據車動綫或新活

動的置入考慮拆除少部分)


P2.24HRS NEW TIMELINE YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

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DYEING CENTER STORE

PARK

1F

WINE STORE

EATING

EATING

LOADING GF

WINE STORE

LESALE SECURITY

LOADING

EATING EXHIBITION

RETAIL BEVERAGE STORE

LOADING BEVERAGE STORE

WHO

SECURITY

weekdays weekends & holidays


P2. 1F & GF

YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET


ROOF

利用重新設計的屋頂,重新定義跟編排空間的使用 (屋頂的排列

局會再調整)

1F PARK

連結空間的步道,劃分出

GF MARKET SHIFT

步/散步/停留 三種形式作爲 公園

變成臨時性的空間,相對的開放與流通,

上車子可以駛進來1900-0700

0700 結束批發活動,早上是供居民使用的活動空間 、臨時市集 、 彈性空間


SECTION & PLAN

YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET 試圖嘗試更改為平面層的模式發展批發市場日夜的切換。 嘗試利用步道連結與

梭新舊建築、批發區域保留原有結構、並且根據車動綫或新活

動的置入考慮拆除少部分)

INTERIOR (STORAGE / REST PLACE)

GF-

RETAIL & COUNTYARD

LAB

PARK

INTERIOR

1F PARK & INTERIOR GF DAY & NIGHT SHIFT

開放空間流動,同時規劃出車子 可進入的動線。


DAY / 作為人行道 0800-200 NIGHT / 下貨區域 2100-0700

WHOLESALE / RETAIL

LOADING AREA

WHOLESALE / STORAGE

WHOLESALE / STORAGE

WHOLESALE / STORAGE

BEVERAGE STORE

RETAIL

RETAIL

LAB

OFFICE

WHOLESALE

WHOLESALE

WHOLESALE / RETAIL

YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET GF


RETAIL

CAFE

PARK

RETAIL

YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET 1F



如今的油麻地果欄周邊全是高聳的牙 籤樓。在都市的品質提升和更新過程 中,舊的公共市場往往佔有良好的地 如今的油麻地果欄周邊全是高聳的牙 理區位,可是由於低品質的空間環境和 籤樓。在都市的品質提升和更新過程 落後的運作模式,常常面臨被拆除或 中,舊的公共市場往往佔有良好的地 被搬離的命運。認爲油麻地果欄可以 理區位,可是由於低品質的空間環境和 轉型及經過重新規劃釋放出可使用空 落後的運作模式,常常面臨被拆除或 間來進行不同的活動。為商家,工作人 被搬離的命運。認爲油麻地果欄可以 員,附近居民及遊客,提供呼吸休憩空間 轉型及經過重新規劃釋放出可使用空 ,我們給予附加的是城市公園的概念.讓 間來進行不同的活動。為商家,工作人 商家與附近居民可以並存于油麻地果 員,附近居民及遊客,提供呼吸休憩空間 攔,讓他們繼續共同建構這裡的集體回 ,我們給予附加的是城市公園的概念.讓 憶。 商家與附近居民可以並存于油麻地果 攔,讓他們繼續共同建構這裡的集體回 We are going to create a new space 憶。 which incorporates urban greening to make it a place where it puts the We are going to create a new space tourists and sellers together, i.e. by which incorporates urban greening providing some resting and commuto make it a place where it puts the nicating areas, to sooth peoople’s tourists and sellers together, i.e. by stress in the city, and allowing them providing some resting and commuto experience a fruity and nicating areas, to sooth peoople’s heart-warming sapce. stress in the city, and allowing them to experience a fruity and heart-warming sapce.


ANALYSIS

YAU MA TEI FRUIT MARKET 分析空間內舊有的動線,去規劃新 動線為解決改造前買家的動綫單一 洄游、附近居民對果欄的負面印象, 躲避果欄,寧願走迂迴的路綫去目的 地,也不會直接穿越它,解決居民不 會進入果欄的問題。

風向分析

日照方向

人群散步範圍

規劃新的主動線

人群流動方向

規劃后的進入動線


PROGRAM

YAU MA TEI FRUIT MARKET 主要解決 / 批發活動對於附近居民的滋擾。 / 舊式批發市場的髒亂。 /

批發面臨競爭,逐漸有些商家退

出部分商家轉型傾向。 / 批發活動造成路面阻塞。 操作與實行 1.基地原型。 2.果欄批發業有各種弱式的趨勢,落 後鐵皮屋建築模式不適合作大規模 的批發活動,降低效率低。且占用大 量空間,並影響周圍道路。 4.拆卸舊鐵皮屋的區域與燒毀的區 域,並且下挖。 5.設置停車場與新批發空間,讓批發 活動在地下層進行。 6.建立坡道連結地面與地下層。 7&8.建立垂直動綫連結GF與BF讓 市場動綫更循環。 9.隨著垂直動綫延伸到地面變形 形成新空間,作為冷藏空間,儲藏空 間,員工休息辦公室,與上蓋公園使 用。 10.果欄隱約被劃分成兩個部分,在 之間規劃新的多用途空間,主要作為 水果副產品附屬活動的實用空間,屬 於新的建築與舊的歷史建築緩衝空 間,且讓新舊之間形成對比。 1 1 . 藉 由 周 邊 道 路 使 用分析,果攔小 孩會與隔壁學校群落上學,于果欄裏 為他們提供停留與娛樂的空間來等 待父母。 12.新的公園Layer置入並聯係連 結著所有空間,也讓動綫更循環。

6


1F / GF

TRACK

WINE COLLECTION

PLAYGROUND

PLANT

STORAGE

RESTAURANT

WHOLESALE

LOADING AREA

B1

PARK PARKING

DYEING AREA

REST PLACE

RETAIL

GF / 1F


ORIGINAL

YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

00

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

ENTERTAINMENT NEGOTIATION

EMPLOYEE

LESALE

EATING

LOADING GF

Original

Plan & Section

RETAIL

B1F

LOADING

BREAK TIME

1F

BREAK TIME

Timeline

SECURITY

WHO


Worker

Original DAY PM-AM

Visitor

Worker

Original DAY PM-AM

Visitor


NEW

YAU MA TEI WHOLESALE FRUIT MARKET

00

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

DYEING CENTER STORE

PARK

1F

Timeline

WINE STORE

EATING

EATING

EATING EXHIBITION

RETAIL

BREAK TIME GF

BEVERAGE STORE

LOADING

LESALE New

Section

WINE STORE

weekends & holidays

BEVERAGE STORE

LOADING

LOADING/ PARKING

WHO

BREAK TIME

B1F SECURITY

weekdays

SECURITY


ISOMETRIC PERSPECTIVE YAU MA TEI FRUIT MARKET

1F-串聯零售,批發市場,公園,多用 途空間的休閑步道。 GF-從原本只做批發逐漸轉型到全 零售的商戶群落, 並於中間空間進行綠化。 BF-原本位於上層的批發活動造成 滋擾而移植到地下 層,讓批發活動繼續發生,並解決人 們對基地本身的負面情緒與感官。


11 APRIL.

PARK PARKING

PARK PARKING

CAFE

1F GF

DRIED FRUIT STORE BEVERAGE STORE

REST ROOM & ELEVATOR

RETAIL DESIGN 1 WHOLESALE AREA

HIFT S & OFFICE

REST ROOM & ELEVATOR


PLAN

Urban Promenade in YMT Fruit Market Floor Plan B1


NEW CIRCULATION


PLAN

Urban Promenade in YMT Fruit Market Floor Plan GF


NEW CIRCULATION


PLAN

Urban Promenade in YMT Fruit Market Floor Plan 1F


NEW CIRCULATION


SECTION & CHANGE

YAU MA TEI FRUIT MARKET



GF MAIN ENTRANCE


1F DRIED FRUIT STORE


NEW DESIGN IN OLD RETAIL STORE


YARD


A. CAFE


B

A

B. CAFE


GF PARK


BF WHOLESALE AREA


MULTIPURPOSE CENTER

DYEING CENTER

LABORATORY WINE STORE LOADING AREA SLOPE


GF OUTSIDE


GF WINE STORE


GF RETAIL STORE


RETAIL

HISTORY EXHIBITION

INFORMATION RETAIL DESIGN 1.

RETAIL DESIGN 2.

IN LAYOUT


1F

HISTORY EXHIBITION GF


CHILD LEARNING CENTER

GALLERY

CLASSROOM PLAYGROUND


Child learning center GF


YARD

BF


FURNITURE DESIGN

COUNTER DESGIN

RETAIL INFORMATION FRUIT BAR


HISTORY


RESIDENTER


SCHOOL A

SCHOOL B



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