IPMnet NEWS February 2003, Issue no. 110 ISSN: 1523-7893 Š Copyright 2005 IPM NEWS --- international IPM news and programs I. IPM NEWS International IPM news and programs Rice and Weeds: The Coming Crisis Burgeoning demand for rice is on a collision course with intensifying competition for water, adding up to an approaching crisis for traditional flooded paddy rice culture and a challenge to revamp pest management strategies, according to information from the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). About 55 percent of Asia's rice areas are flooded and account for 75 percent of total production. Approximately 5,000 liters of water are needed to produce one kilogram of flooded paddy rice. The main reason over the centuries that rice has been grown in flooded conditions is not irrigation alone, but effective weed controlgained without use of additional inputs. Traditional rice plants have unique internal air spaces in their leaves and stems that channel oxygen to their roots, allowing them to thrive in saturated (flooded) soils that are very low in oxygen which is vital for cell growth. Weed plants lack this capacity, struggle to germinate, and usually fail to survive. Switching to non-flood adapted, or "aerobic," rice varieties could force farmers into reluctantly using alternative weed management practices, very likely involving herbicides. Upland, non-flooded rice can be grown with minimal irrigation, but yields tend to be lower than paddy rice. IRRI scientists and others are racing to develop new aerobic rice varieties that combine a suite of characteristics that confer them with high production capability under non-flood irrigation, resistance to fungal diseases, and greater resistance to weed competition or compatibility with revised weed management techniques. *> B.A. Bouman, IRRI, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, PHILIPPINES. E-mail: thanks to A.S. Cooper and others for information.
* Near East Weed Scientists Form Society * Near east regional weed scientists have formed the Near East Weed Science Society (NEWSS)based on the now defunct Near East working group for improved weed managementto support and activate national and regional programs for
improved, more effective weed management, and to do so through a variety of channels. The group selected B.E. Abu Irmaileh, a highly experienced weed research specialist with extensive knowledge of the area's weed problems, as its first chairman. Other aims of NEWSS include initiating appropriate weed management projects, organizing periodic meetings and training courses, and providing contemporary information to society members. Plans call for applying for membership in the International Weed Science Society. *> B.E. Abu Irmaileh, Univ. of Jordan, Amman 11942, JORDAN. E-mail: . Fax: 962-653-55511.
GLOBAL IPM NOTES Research in Australia found that pollen-mediated gene flow from an herbicide resistant Brassica spp. (canola) crop to nearby nonresistant crops occurs at low frequencies, but to considerable distance. *> M.A. Rieger, . A three-year IPM program in four commercial apple orchards combining predatory mites and selective pesticides achieved pest insect control and fruit quality equal, or superior, to conventional practices. *> A.M. Agnello, . According to research in Argentina, Apagomerella versicolor (Boheman), (cerambycid beetle) can be an effective biocontol agent of Xanthium spp. (cocklebur). *> G. Logarzo, .
Special Section: U.S. NATIONAL IPM SYMPOSIUM 4th U.S. National IPM Meeting Set IPM practitioners, researchers, experts, administrators, and enthusiasts will head for the U.S. "heartland" in April for what may be the largest single national event ever devoted to furthering all aspects of integrated pest management including the latest in IPM techniques, information technologies, biological control, and "low risk" pesticides. The Fourth National Integrated Pest Management Symposium/Workshop, "Building Alliances for the Future of IPM," will run from 08-10 April in Indianapolis, IN, USA, and, according to organizers, is expected to attract upwards of 600 participants. The event will occur exactly 14 years after the first U.S. national IPM meeting was held. The massive 2003 meeting will include over 60 "breakout" sessions (workshops, debates, and presentations) encompassing almost all aspects of IPM, as well as plenary speakers describing experiences in building alliances, such as those between IPM practitioners and consumers. The diverse agenda will include sessions on IPM topics covering: * Barriers to Adoption of Biocontrol Agents and Biological Pesticides; * Application and Prioritization of IPM Projects in Natural Areas; * The Role of Biotechnology in IPM; * Federal Agencies and IPM: Improving Communication and Coordination; * IPM in Organic Systems; and, * The Future of Global IPM. A series of poster sessions will cover a wide range of topics. Posters will be displayed at specially designated times during the meeting and, say organizers, in an atmosphere conducive to informal viewing and discussion.
In addition, several IPM-related organizations are convening group meetings before or after the Symposium, thus adding up to a full week of IPM in Indianapolis. Meeting information can be found at: www.conted.uiuc.edu or by contacting: E. Wolff, IPM Symposium, Univ. of Illinois, 202 Presidential Tower, MC-433, 302 E. John St., Champaign, IL 61820, USA. E-mail: . Fax: 1-217-333-9561. Phone: 1-217-333-2881.
Quotes "In recent years, the sense of purpose that underlays the policy discussions of the early 1970s appears to have been replaced by debates on whether IPM programs have been true to concept or to the goals established in the early 1970s." "Future IPM efforts will be successful only if producers and their advisors, government, university researchers and extension specialists, and public interest groups come together to find science-based solutions for problems related to pest management and the use of pesticides." excerpted with thanks from "Three Decades of Federal Integrated Pest Management Policy," M.S. Fitzner, National Program Leader-IPM, Research, Education, and Economics, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture: in, PESTICIDES IN AGRICULTURE AND THE ENVIRONMENT, W. B. Wheeler, Marcel Dekker, 2002. Past U.S. National IPM Meetings In 1987, a U.S. National IPM Coordinating Committee began planning the first National IPM Symposium/Workshop, culminating in a meeting during April 1989 built around the theme of "Targeting Research for IPM Implementation," and attended by more than 500 people. The event's objectives were to: Provide opportunities for scientists within IPM to discuss common interests and to interact with the broader community of scientists involved with IPM; Identify the important needs in IPM and mechanisms to meet these needs; and, Increase public awareness of IPM's potential for ameliorating real and perceived problems related to current pest control practices. Interestingly, many of the workshop topics, such as "managing resistance to pesticides;" "managing resistance to defense mechanisms in crops;" and "movement and dispersal of biotic agents," remain pertinent issues for concern and scrutiny today. The event's enthusiastic reception led to a Second National Integrated Pest Management Symposium/Workshop convened in April 1994 under the banner of "IPM Programs for the 21st Century: Food Safety and Environmental Stewardship." Attendance increased to over 600 for participation in a longer program, again incorporating plenary sessions plus numerous workshops and, of course, the ubiquitous posters. The event's coordinator commented that, based on high interest levels, another meeting was warranted since "the need to focus attention and resources in this arena has never been greater."
And two years later, another event, the Third National IPM Symposium/Workshop, did indeed take place during late February 1996, sited in Washington, DC. A packed program ran for nearly an entire week with a theme of "Broadening Support for 21st Century IPM," in part addressing and pondering the recently issued national initiative of "implementing IPM on 75 percent of U.S. crop acreage by the year 2000." An edited 300-page proceedings was published. Given the evolving nature of pest management and the growing importance of IPM's approach, likelihood is strong that regular IPM-focused national meetings will follow in the footsteps of the meetings referred to above, as well as the fourth national IPM conference just ahead in April 2003.
back to top IPM MEDLEY --- publications and other IPM information resources II. IPM MEDLEY General matters, publications of interest, and other resources for IPM information PUBLICATIONS PERUSED AUTHORS, EDITORS, AND PUBLISHERS IPMnet NEWS welcomes mentioning any publication, or CD, focused on, or related to, IPM. To assure coverage, please send a review copy of the publication, with full information to: IPMnet NEWS, c/o Integrated Plant Protection Center 2040 Cordley Hall, Oregon State University Corvallis, OR 97331-2915, USA
1. A COMPREHENSIVE OVERVIEW A 2002 publication, AN INTRODUCTION TO ARTHROPOD PEST CONTROL, provides a basic introduction to the various techniques available for managing pest arthropods. Author J.R.M. Thacker has successfully melded a wide range of material, often dispersed across numerous sources, into a single, highly readable softbound text. The 343-page work's 13 chapters include information on IPM, cultural techniques, organic farming, host-plant resistance, and biotechnology as well as a thorough discussion of biological and chemical control strategies. *> Cambridge Univ. Press, Edinburgh Bldg., Shaftesbury Rd., Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK. Fax: 44-1223-325891. E-mail: . Phone: 44-1223-325892. Web: www.cambridge.org 2. EUROPEAN BEETLES UP CLOSE A new, two volume hardbound set describes and illustrates over 600 beetle species from all across Europe. COLEOPTERES PHYTOPHAGES D'EUROPE and COLEOPTERES PHYTOPHAGES D'EUROPECHRYSOMELIDAE (Phytophagous Beetles of Europe, 1 and 2), 366 and 266 pages respectively, include detailed taxonomic descriptions (in French) complemented by nearly 700 meticulously precise watercolor drawings by author G. du Chatenet, plus individual maps of each species' geographic distribution and other data. The two volumes, published in 2000 and 2002, culminate a project that began 14 years earlier. *> N.A.P. Editions, 3, Chemin des Hauts Graviers, 91370 Verrieres le Buisson, FRANCE. Fax: 33-1-60-13-01-33. Phone: 33-1-60-13-59-52. E-mail: . Web: www.coleoptere.com
3. LAST "BRIGHTON" PROCEEDINGS AVAILABLE The British Crop Protection Council (BCPC) has published the last in its admirable series of proceedings from the annual "Brighton Conference." For 2003, the event morphs into the "International Congress, Crop Science & Technology," and shifts venue to Glasgow, UK. (No more horizontal-leaning walks into a biting sea breeze, and besides, the amusement pier toppled into the Channel.) Not to despair, one can still acquire a copy of the two volume proceedings set for THE BCPC CONFERENCE, PESTS & DISEASES 2002, bulging with over 1050 pages of concise paper and poster summaries in a tidy softbound format. This annual publication chronicles current developments related to crop protection and stands as an invaluable reference. *> British Crop Protection Enterprises, Publications Sales, Bear Farm, Binfield, Bracknell, Berks RG42 5QE, UK. E-mail: . Fax: 44-0-118-934-1998. Phone: 44-0-118-934-2727. Web: www.bcpc.org
PUBLICATION & CD NOTES DIASPIDIDAE DETAILED Armored scale insects can be important agricultural, horticultural, and forestry pests that are difficult to identify. A newer CD, ARTHROPODS OF ECONOMIC IMPORTANCEDIASPIDIDAE OF THE WORLD, offers and an interactive identification guide and information resource for this insect group. The CD, prepared by G.W. Watson, contains a pictorial key to adult females of 100 species in 48 genera, detailed taxonomic data, and information on their host plants, biology, ecology, economic impact, natural enemies, distribution, and common names. The work reproduces illustrations from out-of-print publications long inaccessible to most workers, and includes a broad bibliography. *> ETI Information Services Ltd., 83 Clifton Rd., Wokingham, Berks RG41 1NJ, UK. E-mail: . Web: www.eti.uva.nl ECOLOGICALLY MANAGING FRUIT CROPS A beautifully illustrated new publication from Michigan State Univ. (USA) offers a broad view of FRUIT CROP ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT founded on an ecological approach to crop production. Nearly half of the 102-page softbound volume is devoted to "managing the community of pests and beneficials" that can be both immense problems for growers, or elements of well thought out solutions. Editors J.N. Landis, et al, have wrapped a mass of useful informationtables, charts, drawings, and photosin a reader-friendly, superbly attractive graphic format that adroitly uses full color throughout. The softbound volume is extension bulletin E-2759. *> IPM Program, B18 Food Safety & Tox. Bldg., Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. E-mail: LandisJ@msue.msu.edu . Fax: 1-517-353-4995. Phone: 1-517-353-4951. Website: www.msue.msu.edu MODULES INCLUDE IPM TOPICS The Crop Adviser Institute (CAI) at Iowa State Univ. (USA) offers a range of interactive course modules, including an IPM series, designed as stand-alone units that may be completed anytime, anywhere. To date, IPM modules focus mainly on maize diseases, though the latest addition is "Soybean Rust." Modules are said to be composed of "conceptually sound content based on scientific research and real-world experiences, developed by some of the leading researchers/educators in their fields." In addition to photos and illustrations, modules contain terms, definitions, study questions, self-help quizzes, and interactive simulations. The modules were developed as an education tool for crop advisors
and other agricultural professionals. Courses are available for purchase on-line 24 hours a day from: www.cai.iastate.edu E-mail: . Phone: 1-515-294-7546. DISEASE IMPACT ON TIMBER IN ASIA The fungal disease heartrot is a major problem in parts of Asia, especially for tree production intended for the solid wood industry. A 2002 technical report edited by K. Barry, HEARTROTS IN PLANTATION HARDWOODS IN INDONESIA AND AUSTRALIA, was published by the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) as TR No. 51e. The 40-page document provides an assessment of the status of the heartrot problem and prospects for research in both nations cited. *> Communications, ACIAR, GPO Box 1571, Canberra, ACT 2601, AUSTRALIA. E-mail: comms@aciar.gov.au .
WEBSITE, VIDEO, & OTHER RESOURCES CHEMICAL SAFETY PRIMER OFFERED If, as the common saying has it that "the devil is in the details," a new electronic publication with a bushel of specifics from the Agricultural Retailers Association (ARA) provides Beelzebub with a well thought out challenge. The free document, "Security of Chemicals in the Pesticide and Fertilizer Industries: A Primer for Retailers, Distributors, Wholesales and End-Users," is based on the conceptual trio of "deter, detect, and delay;" that is, "deter an unwanted event from happening; detect potential criminal or terrorist activity as early as possible; and, failing all else, delay violators as long as possible until proper authorities arrive." The first step is to identify critical assets, then work to establish layers of protection. The clearly written text found at www.aradc.org lists numerous important steps and useful, pragmatic actions. Many are "soft," non-aggressive procedures such as keeping close tabs on inventory, and establishing contact with local representative of law enforcement and emergency response units. *> ARA, ARA@aradc.org . excerpted, with thanks, from ARA materials. HERBICIDES FOR HAWAIIAN WEEDS To address the serious challenge of conducting effective weed management under tropical conditions, weed scientists on Hawaii have prepared an extensive web publication, HERBICIDAL WEED CONTROL METHODS FOR PASTURES AND NATURAL AREAS OF HAWAII, as a review of various methods, but primarily focusing on application of herbicides. Editors P. Motooka, et al, offer a wide range of topics, and delve into the "how to" details with examples of fundamental calculations for correct application. The November 2002 publication can be freely downloaded and printed in PDF format from: www2.ctahr.hawaii.edu *> J.B. Friday, JBFriday@hawaii.edu .
EQUIPMENT, MATERIALS, & SERVICES TRAP COLLECTS MINUTE PARASITOIDS Entomologists conducting research on parasitoids of Bemisia sp., such as dispersal patterns, found that none of the numerous existing trapping systems were satisfactory for collecting the
very small specimens in tact. To meet the need, J.R. Hagler and colleagues developed a lightweight, battery operated suction trap that selectively collects minute insects. The trap consists of a small motor driven fan mounted in a section of PVC (plastic) tubing and is said to be inexpensive, user-friendly, portable, and importantly non-lethal and non-destructive to trapped insects. Multiple traps can be quickly positioned using notched, vertical sections of plastic pipe pushed into the ground. Using this device, the researchers found that a single researcher can collect the contents from multiple traps in a short time period. *> J.R. Hagler, USDA-ARS, WCRL, 4135 E. Broadway Rd., Phoenix, AZ 85040, USA. E-mail: JHagler@wcrl.ars.usda.gov . Fax: 1-602-437-1274. Phone: 1-602-437-0121, ext. 243. excerpted with thanks from BIOCON. SCI. AND TECH, 12(6), 653-659, December 2002.
back to top IPM RESEARCH/TECHNICAL PAPERS --- categories and topics related to IPM III. RESEARCH/TECHNICAL PAPERS categories and topics related to IPM. IPMnet NEWS will gladly provide the postal address for any first author mentioned in the titles that follow. E-mail requests to: IPMnet@bcc.orst.edu. This Month's SELECTED TITLES (broadly grouped by pest or tactic categories). General "Refuge Strategies for Managing Pest Resistance in Transgenic Agriculture," Laxminarayan, R., and R.D. Simpson. * ENVIRON. AND RESOURCE ECON., 22(4), 521-536, August 2002. Biocontrol "Targeting Biological Control Across Diverse Landscapes: The Release, Establishment, and Early Success of Two Insects on Mesquite (Prosopis spp.) in Australian Rangelands," van Klinken, R.D., et al. * BIOL. CONT., 26(1), 8-20, January 2003. Phytopathology "Containment of Existing Potato Late Blight (Phytophthora infestans) Foliar Epidemics with Fungicides," Stein, J.M., and W.W. Kirk. * CROP PROT., 21(7), 575-582, August 2002. "Risk Assessment of Virus-resistant Transgenic Plants," Tepfer, M. * ANN. REV. OF PLANT PATH., 40, 467-491, 2002. Weed Management "Economic Assessment of Weed Management for Transgenic and Nontransgenic Cotton in Tilled and Nontilled Systems," Askew, S.D., et al. * WEED SCI., 50(4), 512-520, July 2002. "Resistance of Weeds to ALS-inhibiting Herbicides: What Have We Learn- ed?," Tranel, P.J., and T.R. Wright. * WEED SCI., 50(6), 700-712, November 2002. Entomology "Effects of Row Spacing and Plant Density on Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Emergence and Damage Potential to Corn," Nowatzki, T.M., et al. * JRNL. OF ECON. ENTOM., 95(3), 570-577, June 2002.
Nematology "Development of a New Management Strategy for the Control of Root-knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp) in Organic Vegetable Production," Adkins, S.D., et al. * PEST MGMT. SCI., 59(2), 183-189, February 2003.
back to top U.S. REGIONAL IPM CENTERS AND THE IPM-CRSP --- news, developments IV. U.S. REGIONAL PEST MANAGEMENT CENTERS News, developments Most Important Insects The Univ. of Georgia (USA) IPM website www.gaipm.org features an informative listing of the "Top 50 Insects Important to Agriculture in Georgia." Included species are listed by common names and divided into five categories: soil insects; foliage feeding insects; sucking insects; weevils and borers; and exotic insects. Each listed common name is interactive, and when clicked on, leads to another webpage with extensive information (nomenclature, description, life cycle, control strategies) as well as contacts for additional data. Clear full color photos supplement the text.
back to top U.S. AID's IPM-Collaborative Research Support Program (IPM CRSP) back to top IPMNET CALENDAR --- recent additions and revisions to a comprehensive global V. IPMnet CALENDAR a comprehensive global listng of forthcoming IPM-related events (conferences, symposia, workshops, training courses, etc.) for 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005 NOTES: This issue of the IPMnet NEWS lists only: (N)EW events that have not been previously cited; and, (R)EVISED events, with new information compared to an earlier listing in the IPMnet CALENDAR The complete IPMnet CALENDAR is e-mailed to all IPMnet e-mail subscribers once annually, but is kept up to date and may be requested any time from IPMnet ipmnet@bcc.orst.edu. It can also be found on the IPMnet website: www.ipmnet.org Please send information about future events, or revisions, to: IPMnet NEWS at ipmnet@bcc.orst.edu. Information listed in the IPMnet CALENDAR was supplied by, and collected from, a variety of sources; IPMnet greatly appreciates all cooperation. New and Revised listings Previously Listed events See also AgNIC's Agricultural Conferences, Meetings, Seminars Calendar
IPMnet CALENDAR Update (N)ew and [R]evised entries only; current as of 30 January 2003. 2003 (N) 26-28 March * NORTH AMERICAN CEREAL RUST WORKSHOP, St. Paul, MN, USA. Contact: J. Kolmer, . Phone: 1-612-626-1226.
(N) 09-11 April * 3RD WORKSHOP, EWRS WORKING GROUP SITE SPECIFIC WEED MANAGEMENT, Madrid, SPAIN. Contact: S. Christensen, . Web: www.agrisci.dk (N) 06-09 May * 7TH EWRS MEDITERRANEAN SYMPOSIUM, Adana, TURKEY. * Contact: EWRS Med. Symposium 2003, Dept. of Plant Prot., Cukurova Univ., Agric. Faculty, TR-01330 Adana, TURKEY. Fax: 90-322-388-6437. E-mail: . Phone: 90-322-338-6755. Web: ewrs.cu.edu.tr (N) 06-07 June * 2ND CONFERENCE, WEED SCIENCE SOCIETY OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA, Sarajevo, BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA. Contact: T. Saric, Herbolosko drustvo BiH, Polijoprivredni fakultet, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71000 Sarajevo, BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA. Fax: 387-33-667-429. E-mail: . (N) 15-27 June * AGROECOLOGY, IPM, AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE SHORT COURSE, East Lansing, MI, USA. Contact: K.M. Maredia, 416 Plant and Soil Sci. Bldg., Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. E-mail: . Fax: 1-517-432-1982. Phone: 1-517-353-5262. (N) 06-09 July * 14TH CONGRESS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF SOUTHERN AFRICA, Pretoria, SOUTH AFRICA. Contact: G. Prinsloo, ARC-PPRI, Private Bag X 134, Pretoria 0001, SOUTH AFRICA. E-mail: . Fax: 27-0-12-325-6998. Phone: 27-0-12-323-8540. (N) 18-27 July * 11TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS, St. Petersburg, RUSSIA. Contact: Organizing Committee, e-mail . Web: www.arriam.spb.ru (N) 03-08 August * 36TH CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE FITOPATOLOGIA, "Manejo Integrado de Doencas de Plantas," Uberlandia, MG, BRAZIL. Contact: e-mail: <36cbf@ciag.ufu.br>. Web: www.36cbf.iciag.ufu.br (N) 16-17 September * SLOVAK AND CZECH PLANT PROTECTION CONFERENCE, Nitra, SLOVAK REPUBLIC. Contact: J. Huszar, . (N) 16-18 October * ASSOCIATION OF NATURAL BIO-CONTROL PRODUCERS ANNUAL CONFERENCE, Niagara Falls, ONT, CANADA. Contact: ANBP, 10202 Cowan Hts. Dr., Santa Ana, CA 92705, USA. E-mail: . Fax/phone: 1-714-544-8295. (N) 20-24 October * ANNUAL MEETING, NORTH AMERICAN PLANT PROTECTION ORGANIZATION, New Orleans, LA, USA. Contact: N.C. Klag, e-mail . Fax: 1-301-734-7639. (N) 30 November-03 December * CANADIAN WEED SCIENCE SOCIETY, Halifax, NS, CANADA. Contact: G. Sampson, Dept. of Environmental Sci., Nova Scotia Agric. College, PO Box 550, Truro NS, B2N 5E3, CANADA. E-mail: . Phone: 1-902-893-6608. Fax: 1-902-893-1404. Web: www.cwss
(N) 03-05 December * 7TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PLANT DISEASES, Tours, FRANCE. Contact: Plant Disease Conference Secretariate, AFPP, 6, Blvd. de la Bastille, 75012 Paris, FRANCE. Web: www.anpp.asso.fr 2004 (N) 05-06 January * INTERNATIONAL ADVANCES IN PESTICIDE APPLICATION 2004, London, UK. Contact: R. Glass, CSL, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, UK. E-mail: . Fax: 44-1904-462111. Phone: 44-1904-462235. Web: www.aab.org.uk (N) 24-25 February * CROP PROTECTION IN NORTHERN BRITAIN, Univ. of Dundee, Dundee, UK. Contact: T. Heilbronn, 72 Errol Rd., Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5AF, UK. Fax: 44-01-382-562426. E-mail: . Phone: 44-01-382-562517. Web: www.cpnb.org (N) 25-31 October * 8TH INTERNATIONAL BOTRYTIS SYMPOSIUM, Antalya, TURKEY. Contact: F. Yildiz, e-mail . Web: www.agri.gov.il (N) Date unspecified * 1ST INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON TOMATO DISEASES, Orlando, FL, USA. Contact: . Web: plantdoctor.ifas.ufl.edu 2005 (N) 07-10 February * WEED SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA ANNUAL MEETING, Honolulu, HI, USA. Contact: WSSA Mtg. Manager, PO Box 7050, Lawrence, KS 66044-7050, USA. E-mail: . Fax: 1-785-843-1274. Phone: 1-785-843-1235. Website: www.WSSA.net 2006 No NEW or REVISED entries.
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