Architecture Portfolio_Lin Shan En

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//participation & achievement

Lin Shan En Assistant Architect | Selangor, Malaysia phone : mail :

+60-16-9556370 shanenlin@gmail.com

Taylor's University Graduate Exhibition Leading Committee July 2020 Taylor’s Architectural Fest Current Students Works Exhibition One of the six Semester 5’s works exhibited

August 2019 Taylor's University Chinese Debate Team President

resume

The World Mandarin Debating Championship 2019 UTM International Mandarin Varsity Debate Championship 2019 Asia Pacific Regional Intervarsity Chinese Debate Competition 2018 Northern Malaysia Mandarin Debate Tournament 2018 The World Mandarin Debating Championship 2017

//education

//working experiences

July 2017 - December 2019

Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Architecture Taylor's University (under JPA sponsorship program) CGPA 3.67 March 2017 - December 2019

Assistant architect LYN Architect

[RE:D]efine - the 30th Architectural Student Workshop University Facilitator & Module Facilitator August 2018

Cambridge GCE A-Level Sunway College (under KPM Bursary scholarship program) 4A* in Biology, Chemistry, Physics & Mathematics July 2015 - December 2016 Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) SMK Seri Garing 10A+, 1A January 2013 - December 2014

Preliminary design & 3D visualization Tender drawing Site meeting, site inspection & shop drawing review

January 2020 - Present Intern Teoh WK Architect

Sunway Student Volunteers Platinum Award (62 hours) July 2015 - July 2016

January 2019 - March 2019

Sunway University Intra School Chinese Debate Competition First place February 2016

Kindergarten teacher Tadika Ria Utama January 2015 - May 2015

Valedictorian & Head Librarian SMK Seri Garing 2014

Preliminary design & 3D visualization

professional projects

academic works

content

miscellaneous

visitor interpretive center connecting the de-tached

/2

eco-tourism master planning templer forest park resort

/34

environmental sustainable design green louvres

/56

community support center urban farming as a solution

/8

bungalow house kinrara house

/42

measured drawings the living church

/60

performing art center in between

/14

auditorium san yuk school

/50

food & culture space // food // people

/66

social cultural hub on the move

/24

site: between two existing cottages

past: abandoned chalets

visitor interpretive center

“connecting the de-tached�

On my first visit to Sungai Buloh, I saw greeneries lining journey to site, thinking to myself, what a beautiful place.

It took me to get closer, deeper into the settlement to to see behind its skin, to understand that this place, is more than merely beautiful. I think the same most probably goes to many visitors who passed by the main road to get their plants from the nurseries, not knowing this place has so much more to tell. What and how was here before the nurseries came blooming it.

Which formed my intention to create a journey that tells the tale of the past. So that the present does not just detached from the past.

past living in present: chalets still occupied by ex-leprosy patients

present: nurseries frequently visited by outsiders

Past // Present Past living in Present

Detached // Connected Detached Connection

Connecting the site.

Detached from the outside world, only to experience separation again & again. Parents and children, siblings from the same womb, they share a bond - but these ties of womb cannot hold them together.

These ties of womb, I call them - detached connections. Because they are connected in a way, but disconnected in so many others way.

Many many years after, families are not longer forcefully segregated, the settlement welcomes outsiders, nurseries nourishing, flowers growing, but the place just does not feel right.

What I saw is an intimate neighbourhood by its own, detached connections still portrayed in its macro context zoning. The present, where the outsiders come from the main road to visit the nurseries, the past, an abandoned part of the settlement at the far north end, and most importantly, the past living in present, those ex-leprosy patients who has nowhere to go now, thus chose to continue to live in old-folks home or their own chalets.

One site, different communities. Lacking in connections. As in the history.

Macro Site Plan

3 | ACA

“VIC connecting the site”

The visitor interpretive center is flanked through two existing cottages, where those leprosy patients used to live in. Walking through the cottages, make up part of journey, I believe, for both the visitors and ex-leprosy patients.

Section A-A’

“The site connecting VIC”

The existing tree on site, was made as the centre point where the two segments of the visitor interpretive centre interlocks at. I believe that connection works both way, in how the existing elements on site can connect the VIC as much as the VIC connects the existing elements on site.

Section B-B’

“People connecting the site & VIC”

By moving seamlessly, between indoor & outdoor spaces which have no distinct boundaries.

“disconnected”

“connected”

Sectional Perspective C-C’

4 | ACA

An abrupt halt at a curtain wall, with the sight of memorial wall with engraved names. The other side of this wall has numberings given to the respective ex-leprosy patients. Implying the disconnection of the ex-leprosy patients to their original identity, the side with names untouchable.

Viewing deck from where the view for all sides can be seen to provoke realisation of a ‘segregated’ site.

Ground Floor Gathering space - The Amphitheater First Floor Gathering space - The Horizon

For stories to be shared.

Sunken void which is only completed when there is people.

Ground Floor Memorial Wall - The Abandoned Identity

Basement Underground Gallery - The Hidden Past Underground gallery to imply the forgotten past might not be seen, but will always be there. This gallery connects the VIC which is blocked by a memorial wall in between.

5 | ACA

Upon reaching reception(1), I am told that the real entrance would be the stairs which head directly to first floor balcony(2), passing by a book & souvenir with cafeteria(3), before reaching the gathering space at roof deck(4), From the roof deck I have a 360 degree view of the Sungai Buloh leprosy settlement, there was when I see how the site is in a state of detached connection.

I walked down to ground floor amphitheater-like gathering space, a sunken plaza(5) where memories and stories are told. From the past living in the present, the ex-leprosy patients.

Ground Floor Plan

Only then I found the entrance into the exhibition spaces(6) of artworks by them, showcasing the current phase of their life.

I was amazed of the talent and determination they showed, immersed in pieces of artwork until I came to a dead end.

First Floor Plan

There is wall from hard concrete(7), which names carved on it, untouchable due to a barrier of glass wall. Only then it dawned on me that these are the names of all the people who lived in the settlement.

Looking around, I saw a door on one of the cottages(8) which the visitor interpretive center flanked through, which lead me down into an underground gallery(9). A buried past.

Exploded axonometric

Basement Plan

A linear circulation to bring the visitors back in time, so that the present understand the past.

I came up from the gallery, breathing fresh air, until I saw the other the side of the concrete wall(10), this side with numberings instead of names. Only then I realised that I have been taken through a journey, experiencing flashbacks of their life. I imagined how they were detached from everything they had once entering the settlement. For their name was replaced by numberings.

As I exited(11) the building, I began to think: if these ex-leprosy patients can ever leave this settlement behind?

If yes, where and who do they leave for?

6 | ACA

suburban site surrounded by river, residential housing and commercial shop lots

site: facing river with school across

community support center

“urban farming as a solution” Designing for a specific user group is a real challenge, especially when Ipoh, does not speak so much about itself.

“Nothing much to see.” I think. And I realise that is why an architect is needed perhaps, to create something to see. And beyond something to see, to create architecture that solve problems.

To start off I decided to research on the need of a single parents family. Most of the time what breaks them is the grieve of losing their loved ones. They do not need economical help as much as they need a mental support. They need hope.

I thought planting is a good idea to start off. It is almost like planting hope, like how these single parents would plant all their hopes on their children now. Which formed the main idea of urban farming as a solution, from there I further derived the typology of roof garden - a big one spanning through the area, which not only gives them something to see, but something to hope and work on.

site: facing residential housing

site: facing commercial shop lots

sun

view

axis

footprint

Responding to physical environment of site.

9 | ACA

The roof garden plays more than just an aesthetic role in the community; they are a collective horticultural project. By bringing residents together to plant, maintain and enjoy them, the garden helps to nourish community bonds, providing social support as an additional value to the economic aid it brings to the single parents families.

I believe by empowering present, I can create a sustainable future, not only physically in Ipoh, but also in their mind. Planting hopes.

10 | ACA

Although architects are not program planners, when it comes to solving certain problem or issues, programmatic responses are very important for me to get on to the next step.

Because I need to know what the community need, before going into how can I achieve them. Which formed this series of programmatic exploration. To study how to support the single parents families and when does the involvement of other communities come into.

Ground Floor Plan 11 | ACA

But a series of programmes is not enough, of course. How does my spatial qualities and architecture typologies support these programmes is the main focus.

Which lead me to incorporate a roof garden feature to support my main programme, urban farming. Urban farming, I believe, has that 3 in 1 feature of mental support, family bonding support and financial support. And having this on the large span roof garden, enable the view to be elevated, as if the roof is able to uplift them, physically and mentally.

Having this large span of urban farm on the roof, the community support center does not have to take up the original green spaces, instead replaces it with equally sustainable urban canvas.

After all, my architecture aims to give to the community, but not to take away from them.

First Floor Plan 12 | ACA

view to site from KFC: three shophouses next to Hong Leong Bank to be demolished

view from site: life between coarse grain buildings

performing art-center

“in between” I noticed the “touch & go” behaviour of people in Kajang. I saw how they see Kajang as a transition point, either a short term one or a long term one.

Some are here for a few hours, some plan to stay around for a few years until they get a better opportunity. MRT and highway bypass are supposed to bring life in but there is nothing here which can make people stop.

“Kajang is not home.” I ‘heard’ it from the way they describe Kajang to me.

Which forms my main approach towards this project: the search for a space, which can be a place for them.

The main street is just a media to move from one place to another, but not as a place for activities to happen. The site is lacking in human scale interaction other than fairly vibrant plinth path at ground level.

And I immediately think of a typology of transition space: the five foot walkway, which is such a distinct element of site. And the back alleys too. All these transition spaces existing on site have potential as the ‘in-between’ space.

backlane to site: existing food path

five foot walkway & taxi lane in front of site

keywords: temporary lacking opportunities

keywords: keywords:

old trades

transitory

skills and tradition

between school and tuition

no children based activities

no one to pass down to

work only

passer-by

closing down

necessary activities

families

students

elders

workers

quiet spent weekends elsewhere

keywords: not from Kajang

15 | ACA

families

students

elders

workers

By engaging conversations with people of Kajang, time graph analysis is done to derive the relative length of time families, students, elderies, and workers spend in Kajang for activities (short-term), or plan to live in Kajang (long term). Which was when I realised Kajang is not a home for them, the two underlying reasons being: the lack of sense of belonging and the lack of sense of community. Which is a bit of contradictory to exist together. Unless I create a space, a place which is neither private nor public.

That space, can be a transition space. If I could turn a path into a destination.

This drove me to study the existing transition spaces in Kajang, based on a formulated question: what are the ways to articulate transition space to offer to connections (sense of community) and intimacy (sense of belonging)?

Short term users passing by for meals/necessary activities, lacking sense of belonging.

Long term users stay to themselves, lacking sense of community.

16 | ACA

17 | ACA

social

live

Ground Floor Plan

social

work

Guided by the principle of ‘city at eye level’, I try to achieve a public space for people, especially at urban plinth level, by introducing open floor plan at ground level.

live

First Floor Plan

work

To further extend and elevate the public realm to the next level, I vision an open dancing platform accessible from ground level, for the spontaneity to flow vertically.

18 | ACA

Ground Floor Entrance from Market

“Fronting KFC, the playful setting immediately attracts children. The children weaves between panels of wall art produced by students from painting class, playing hide and seek, exploring different the sense of scale and colours. The young playing and the old sitting in the courtyard give a harmonious feeling of home.�

This is one of the entrance I visualize, a continuation from the five foot walkway of neighboring shoplots into an urban playground at the front of the performing art center.

19 | ACA

“The call for bargains in market is a spontaneous show, contrasting the carefully choreographed performing art on top of the temporary dancing platform, which acts as a shade for market activity.”

“The usage of a circulation space to house activities in between creates temporal ‘in-betweenness’ where unplanned uses can develop outside or in-between the times of planned uses for these spaces.”

I formulated another entrance from the side, this time using market activities which has been lost in this part of Kajang since the Old Kajang Market was replaced by a shopping mall now facing this performing art center.

Ground Floor Entrance from Market

Thus I try to blend path into a destination. For people to paint on a bridge which is supposed to be a circulation pathway, to blur the boundaries of a space, to break the boundaries of one’s imagination.

First Floor Painting Bridge Ground Floor Entrance from existing Back Lane Eateries

“Internal back lane continues from the present back alley eateries, directs the users of back lane, the migrant workers into the art performing center. Possibility of forging new bond between students passing by the public realm stairs after art or dance classes, the market communities and migrant workers.”

I extend the existing path of back lane eateries into the performing art center, empowering current activities on site while creating possibilities for future bond.

Second Floor Living Room

“Triangular rainbow light shaft creates boundaries between three sides of it to create relatively personal space under public area. Boundaries are sofren by colourful diffused light reflected by the louvres. Different members can either join in communal activities or enjoy the presence of other people and activities without participating.”

From all the talking with Kajang people, it seems that Kajang is not home for them, but a temporary shelter. I think maybe it would make the people of Kajang stays longer, if they are at ease enough. If they have a living room.

20 | ACA

First Floor Floating Corridor

social

live

Second Floor Plan

work

I fancy the idea of a living room, between social and work, for people to carry out their own activities, under others presence. Like what families usually do in a living room, not necessary interacting actively, but comfortable with each other around.

Corridor extends out from the stairs balcony at half stairs height, in between floor levels. Also in between the exterior and interior, with mesh of wire as penetrable boundary for five senses, but allowing intimacy for contemplation.

Seems useless at first sight as it leads to a dead end, but to the view of dancing platform and open children learning space, to see how dead a place can be without new blood.

social

live

Third Floor Plan

work

I believe how we work in the future will be different from now. To share, to collab and to enrich each other, will be the trend.

21 | ACA

joiner screw washer head screw

polycarbonate roof

50 mm x 50 mm C steel purlins arranged 400 mm apart, resting on I beam

200mm x 200mm steel I beam to be connected to concrete wall panel

2 mm polycarbonate overhang supported by wire mesh with steel support

wide plate welded to beam for shear transfer

concrete wall panel bolted to beam through steel plate before welding

polycarbonate roof to purlins detail

infill of 150mm precast concrete wall in between beam flange

reinforcement start bar

steel I beam corner finish wooden deck deck support

precast concrete wall to I beam

waterproof polymer asphalt membrane temperature regulation layer

12 mm wire mesh welded from iron bar steel I beam

steel decking

corner finish support

plasterboard layer I beam as pillar

floor system detail

structural steel beam to beam & beam to column connection

reinforcement bar cut out slab for grouting

slab

dowel welded to top beam

90mm concrete slab 120mm subfloor with binder base 4mm asphalt membrane 100mm geocomposite drainage layer 300mm sand fertile soil

steel I beam

precast concrete floor to I beam detail

planter box + wire mesh facade detail

Sectional detail showcasing construction solutions.

22 | ACA

Bazaar Karat

Chingay parade

socio-cultural hub

“on the move�

I perceived Johor Bahru as an event city, where its activities are mostly temporal than permanent, for example: certain hours in a day, certain days in a week, or certain day in a year. The nature of these events, in such that they happen in Asian city context, are based on street instead of plaza.

I noticed the way activities happen when people are moving around, rather than staying stagnant in open areas such as plaza or park. The vacant, unused park around our site, is a stark contrary to the congregation of people at Bazaar Karat, annual Chingay parade and Merdeka parade, where all the fun is on the way.

Movement and circulation, are of great relevance to the liveliness of this event city, I concluded.

Thus I aim to derive my design from different type of movement and circulation on site, to celebrate existing movement which tells the lifestyle of JB Lang in their very own city lobby.

Merdeka parade

Heritage walk

Ground Floor Plan with Site Context As an extension of existing activities on site which is constantly on the move, the ground floor is mostly open public space so that an active urban plinth is maintained. In the morning, from Jalan Trus, visitors from heritage walk are welcomed into the city lobby by a sloping down park. While a night, the bazaar stalls from Jalan Segget are extended into the city lobby, fulfilling my intention of: movement through the city lobby, instead of around the city lobby.

25 | ACA

Conceptual model

Massing model

Mock-up model

Final model.

26 | ACA

preview circulation Escalator along the main axis acts as a main preview for visitors who has little time to spare. Visitors get a glimpse of what this city lobby offers and decide whether it is worth their time or otherwise. The movement of escalator along the axis is such that from the back lane of Jalan Tan Hiok Nee towards the view of Singapore, hinting the fast paced lifestyle towards the modern side of JB town.

direct circulation Escalator also take people directly to: first floor (red) -theater; second floor (yellow) - gym; third floor (cyan) art gallery & making; fourth floor (blue) - observation deck. These are relatively specific activities which people want to know directly where to go, thus distinctive colour corrugated cladding to indicate each programme.

exit/second chance circulation After visitors reach the observation deck through the escalator, they can directly leave the city lobby through the slide, only the slide will bring them in a rough preview of the transitional slow circulation, so when they reach the ground, they can choose whether to go on the transitional circulation.

transitional circulation Library (1F) and coworking spaces (2F) are along the circulation & form part of the circulation itself. Spaces transitioned from work and social to living quarter (3F), integrating work, live and social together, representing the slower pace lifestyle on the cultural side of the sit

First Floor Plan

27 | ACA

Second Floor Plan

Third Floor Plan

28 | ACA

section indicating transitional circulation pace of movement: slow & transitional type of movement: experiential - activities along circulation spaces main mode of movement: staircase circulation path: GF: amphitheatre facing jalan segget entrance 1F: library along staircase 2F: coworking on the go - hot desks along the spaces

29 | ACA

elevation indicating directional circulation pace of movement: fast type of movement: direct & straight-forward mode of movement: escalator & slide circulation path: 1F: performance art - theatre 2F: gymnasium 3F: arts & crafts & exhibitions 4F: observation deck overlooking Singapore

30 | ACA

Preview & Exit/Second Chance Circulation

Direct & Transitional Circulation “Crossing of path of two circulations: escalator which facilitate the fast paced movement, and the stairs which are a part of the transitional circulation.”

I want to reflect the different lifestyle of JB people in this city lobby, which should be equally appreciated.

To slow down or to speed up?

“Although the escalator leads to different spaces at each floor in the form of direct circulation, the escalator acts primarily as a preview circulation, which the visitors can get a glimpse of the whole city lobby and what it offers, in less than 10 minutes. At the end of the escalator, they can exit right away to the ground floor using the slide, when they will decide whether to explore the direct and transitional circulation.”

I do notice how people nowadays are getting less patient: everytime we came across an ad while watching a video which is unskippable, we stopped watching. We always choose the fastest route, and because of that, we might miss out a lot of fun on the way.

Fourth Floor Observation Deck

Fourth Floor Slide

Thus to prevent the visitors from losing interests because they are unsure of what they might reach at at the end of journey of each circulation, I specifically include a preview circulation, which acts as a trailer, so that they get to decide whether the city lobby is worth their time or not.

Second Floor Staircase/Elevator

31 | ACA

“To celebrate the existing movement, but also to create new movement.�

On the move, is a great vision of progressing towards a better state or even nation. As implied in the cutting of axis from the cultural part of the city (Jalan Tan Hiok Nee) to the currently developing part of the town, overlooking the coast of neighbouring nation, this city lobby is a symbol of our constant progress.

However the two circulations moving in opposite direction, both fast and slow paced, along this constant axis, serve to remind the people of Johor Bahru, to appreciate both way of movement and lifestyle, and never forget to look back at where we came from. .

32 | ACA

eco-tourism master planning

“templer forest park resort” This is a hospitality project which involves several type of facilities and buildings as shown in the master plan. I was in charge of the design of glamping tents, chalets and dormitories.

The biggest challenge in this project is to provide multiple design for chalets due to the contour of site as well as to accommodate different group sizes, ranging from a big group of friends, a family of four to a couple. The compromisation between each design with its cost and return is also a main factor to consider as the clients are very concerned with their return of investment in the future.

My involvement in this project includes: ● ● ●

Preliminary design proposal Estimated construction cost calculation Visualization & rendering

Type 1

Type 2

Type 3

Glamping tent proposal.

35 | PRO

Ground Floor Plan

Chalet proposal 1.

36 | PRO

Ground Floor Plan

FIrst Floor Plan

Chalet proposal 2.

37 | PRO

Ground Floor Plan

First Floor Plan

Second Floor Plan

Chalet proposal 3.

38 | PRO

Dormitory proposal 1.

39 | PRO

Dormitory proposal 2.

40 | PRO

bungalow house

“kinrara house” This project calls for a single bungalow house on an empty residential lot in Bandar Kinrara.

The biggest challenge in this project is to apply vernacular characteristic using modern construction knowledge, materials and technology, which I coincidentally based my research proposal on during my undergraduate studies under the module Asian Architecture.

My involvement in this project includes: ● ● ●

Preliminary design proposal Visualization & rendering Tender drawings & construction details

“ This research is to explore and investigate the potential of vernacular architecture construction knowledge and techniques in modular and adaptable systems onto alleviating current urban housing issues. Malay, Mru and Japanese vernacular architecture are taken as subjects to be analysed. Our research mainly focused on four characteristics of vernacular architecture: free plan design, modularity, interlocking structural components and building frameworks that are translated into textual and diagrammatic information.

The traditional craftsmanship and construction that are discontinued, are to be valued and applied into current construction method, along with technological advancement and design ideas to attain potentials of modular and adaptable systems on urban housing. Through literature reviews, two modern applications of these characteristics, "Timber Hearth" & Divergent Dwelling Design (D3) are concepts proposed by precedent researchers which resonated with our findings as a potential solution to urban housing affordability. These findings have shown promise although further research is necessary to determine its feasibility in practice.

free plan

modularity

interlocking structural components

building framework

Asian vernacular architecture is designed with flexibility with the future in mind. People throughout Asia designed with accumulated knowledge and methods, keeping the context, aesthetics, function and culture in mind. One of the most apparent methods they used are the modular and adaptable systems which includes the free plan design, interlocking structural components, modularity and building frameworks. �

Excerpt from Growing Architecture: Modular and Adaptable Systems of Vernacular Architecture as a Potential Solution to the Affordability of Urban Housing, a research proposal based on Modernity in Asian Architecture during my undergraduate studies which served as literature review for this project

Modular and adaptable systems of vernacular architecture.

43 | PRO

What type of building frameworks in vernacular architecture contribute in expansion of urban housing in terms of space or units?

● ● ●

the idea of an incremental dwelling achieve maximum utilization and minimum use of resources the users can expand the original house when the family grows, rather than buying a new house which can be a burden to afford.

Addition by lean-to-roof block

Addition by by selang

Rumah ibu

Serambi gantung

Selang and dapur

Rumah ibu

Serambi gantung

Dapur

Rumah ibu

Serambi gantung

Lepau

Lepau

Anjung

Anjung

Expansion by adding similar but smaller bumbung panjang house form Courtyard and rumah tengah

Dapur

Common addition sequences in traditional Malay house. (Lim Jee Yuan, 1991)

Additive system in traditional Malay house. (Lim Jee Yuan, 1991)

Literature study on traditional Malay house.

44 | PRO

Site Plan

Floor Plan

Setback Plan

Proposed bungalow.

45 | PRO

Left Elevation

Back Elevation

Right Elevation

46 | PRO

Blow-up A

Roof Section

Blow-up B

Roof construction details.

47 | PRO

Roof Plan

Section A - A’

Water supply system.

Water tank details.

48 | PRO

auditorium

“san yuk school” This project calls for a new auditorium and administrative multi-storey building to replace the original worn-down single-storey administrative building of San Yuk school.

The main focus in this project is to design an auditorium to accommodate minimum 350 students.

The new multi-storey building also have to be connected on the upper levels with the existing building which houses the classroom. Adequate fire exits and car parks should be provided as well.

My involvement in this project includes: ● ●

Preliminary design proposal Visualization & rendering

Ground Floor Plan

Second Floor Plan

First Floor Plan

Third Floor Plan

51 | PRO

Fourth Floor Plan

end stage theatre form End stage form provides maximum seating capacity (384 seats) and is well suited for lecture, film or slide presentations.

Sections

Proposed auditorium in axonometric view.

52 | PRO

multiple aisle arrangement

noise control + disabled-friendly

There are 10 chairs per row with access to an aisle way at both ends.

The seat count is limited to 3 per row at the side for where the aisle can only be reached from one end of a row.

Sound lock is used to reduce transmission of structure-borne and air-borne noise from the area outside into the auditorium.

Clear aisle of 1200mm with uniform steps of 150mm within which leads to 5 fire exits.

Four allocated space for wheelchairs at the bottom row which is directly accessible from the front entrance at second floor.

D = direct sound, R = reflected sound

sightline

time delay =

7.276 + 8.552 - 3.358

= 36.38 ms

0.34 time delay = 19.433 + 5.814 - 24.083 0.34

= 3.424 ms

optimum vertical sightline

sound delay & echo

Sloped floors, with level terraces for each row of back-to-back seating, help provide the proper sightlines from the audience to the stage.

Sound delay above 40 ms will be considered as an echo for an auditorium designed for speeches. This auditorium does not suffer from echo as the sound delay is always under 40 ms.

The alignment of ceiling compared with the floor are non-parallel, which prevents flutter echo.

Auditorium design considerations.

53 | PRO

circulation & connection to existing building parking requirements Staff parking Visitor parking OKU parking

First & second floor of the new building block are connected to existing building to provide adequate access in terms of convenience and fire safety. To achieve this, the height of each floor of new building need to take into consideration the existing building in school compound.

= 50% x total staff no. (110) = 55 bays = 20% x staff park. no. = 11 bays = 2% x total park. req. = 2 bays

Total car park. req.

= 55+11+2 = 68 bays

Motorcycle parking

= 20% x total car park. req. = 14 bays

fire appliance access Access way of 6 meter width with no overhead obstruction in front of the building. No dead end as the vehicular circulation for the car park serves as the circulation for fire trucks too.

site, height & solar orientation Since solar radiation level are higher in equatorial country like Malaysia, active solar design is incorporated using photovoltaics panels to harness energy. The new height of this five-storey building which replaces the original single-storey building works in favour for maximum exposure to solar radiation.

Proposed new addition against existing school buildings & considerations.

54 | PRO

environmental sustainable design

“green louvres�

The green louvres are rows of potted plants placed into the holes of timber slabs, hung by ropes, to serve as natural sun shading device that blocks off direct sunlight which heats up the office in the late morning.

As time passes the plants grow wider and taller, forming louvres that provides decent views and fresh air besides ensuring thermal comfort in the office.

Fabrication process.

1. washing formworks

Materials.

2. marking dimensions

rope

seeds/plants

Ă˜ 1cm manila rope

biodegradable pots

curved screw hooks

timber slabs from reused formwork

another hook anchors into concrete ground

3. cutting & sanding

4. applying shellac

7 side hooks drilled into concrete ground beam and floor beams for ropes to be tied onto it

the sourced timbers are manufactured into plywood

new products such as planter boxes and timber planks for green louvres are made

3 timber slabs made from reused formwork are tied to four ropes and hung on hooks that are drilled into the walls. Each slab has 5 circular cut-outs for placement of pots. Several existing rectangular planter boxes are placed under the louvres to collect dripping water.

1. drill holes into the wall to install hooks

2. tie ropes to the slab and hang on hook

plywoods are used as formworks in building construction

these formworks are collected and reused

3. glue the knots with epoxy glue for safety

Installation details.

4. place the pots into the timber planks

Installation process.

formworks thrown away upon completion

Life cycle assessment of timber formwork.

57 | MIS

58 | MIS

measured drawings

“the living church�

The chosen historical building for this project, Church of the Immaculate Conception, for measured drawings, is located in Georgetown, Penang. This church has a rich historical background dating back to 2 centuries ago with many significant changes and improvements.

The aim of this project is to document photographs and measured drawings with the purpose of preserving the information recorded at the site as well as the historical background of the church.

Through this project, we gained knowledge on ways to execute fieldwork and hands-on measurements on site before translating the measured data into scaled drawings. Research are done to produce a report comprising of both visual and literary components which explain building constructions, architectural details and elements of the church.

symmetrical plan which shows resemblance to basilican church plan - latin cross

legend: 1. principal entrance 2. bell tower 3. narthex 4. nave 5. transepts 6. altar 7. priest changing room 8. audio room 9. control room 10. oďŹƒce (supposed to be confessional room 11. store according to father michael) 12. kids activities room

contrary to the norm, which churches are to built with its orientation facing east (direction of rising sun), this is not achieved in church of immaculate conception due to land constraint

church of immaculate conception

Sketches and observation.

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Section showcasing activities in Church of Immaculate Conception.

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“ The overall plan of the building takes the shape of a Latin cross as derived from the cruciform floor plan which is a common practice for Roman Catholic and Gothic churches.

The spaces of the Church of the Immaculate Conception adopts a clustered and linear organization . The main spaces such as the narthex, nave, transept and sanctuary are arranged in a linear manner while the minor spaces are clustered. A symmetry and axial condition is used to strengthen and unify portions of a clustered organization and help articulate the importance of a space or group of spaces within the organization (Ching, 2015, p. 234).

The axial condition helps direct the public’s flow of movement along the public spaces as well as to direct the parishioners attention to the sanctuary. The clustered arrangement also aids in the movement of the priest and staff around the private spaces due to its close proximity. “

Excerpt from Chapter 5.2 - Spatial Analysis of the report

Spatial configuration of Church of Immaculate Conception in exploded axonometric.

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food & culture

“space // food // people” The study focussed on how the spatial setting of different eateries, creates different overall food consumption experiences in linking the food and people in SS2.

SS2, as a large business district area with over 20 separated blocks of shophouses and surrounded with residentials, houses diverse dining options to cater for people from all walks of life. The use of designated and undesignated eating spaces for both formal and informal dining becomes a particular interest to study: “How different spatial setting give rise to different sensorial experience?”

Designated, formal eating space.

Designated, informal eating space.

def: restaurant which only uses its interior space for food consumption activity.

def: permanent hawker stalls in open air buildings with common shared or stall dedicated tables and chairs provided for patrons.

food preparation

No sharing table as it might be an intrusion of personal territory.

Chairs provided at five foot walkway for waiting patrons.

Long queue at the five foot walkway stimulate interests of passer-by.

columns supporting long span of roof

Tealive

self service sauce table

Kedai Ubat Wei Yip

private & not accessible

People are widely spaced out without intimacy of scale, and sharing of tables is optional because there is so many tables available. Less chance contacts as people can choose not to share tables.

Hawker stalls lining up both sides. Although the setting is informal, the arrangement of eating space is well defined. counter

waiting area

Layout Plan of Wak Sek Kai Layout Plan of Two Pesos

Food consumption activity only occurs inside the restaurant Two Pesos because the cooking of food - steamboat requires gas supply and happens after the food ingredients served on the table. The five foot walkway is only used as waiting area.

The seating arrangement is fixed as there are built in soft seatings at both side of the walls, and each tables need to be connected to gas supply. The fact that each table has four gas stoves, causes the size of groups this restaurant can serve rigid - patrons who come in a group larger than four would have to split table.

Wai Sek Kai in SS2 has food court typology with almost 100 hawker stalls lining at both side along the whole stretch, while fixed tables and seatings are set up in the middle. The tables and chairs are unmovable, thus boundaries between eating groups can be well defined unless sharing of tables occur, sometimes with the addition of temporary table between two fixed table.

The large space with large number of fixed seatings is an advantage in terms of housing huge crowd during eating hours, but it can appear hard and cold, giving an abandoned and deserted feeling during off peak hours.

However, fixed spacing between tables which are unmovable gives to an orderly and clean feeling, beside ensuring a relative distance with patrons of next table from overhearing conversations, thus more privacy is provided for people who prefers eating with families and close friends without being interrupted by possible new contacts.

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Undesignated, formal eating space.

Undesignated, informal eating space.

def: restaurant which extends its space for food consumption to five-foot walkway and parking spaces to add on to its original interior spaces.

def: temporary hawker stalls which uses the road, side alley between buildings and the five foot walkway of other shoplots for food preparation & food consumption

food preparation

undesignated parking

Bawaigo Plus Cafe

Hong Leong Bank

counter

Designated eating spaces inside the restaurant become less formal when the seating arrangement are broken down randomly based on sizes of group.

To accomodate more people, the usage of spaces is extended to outdoor.

Undesignated eating spaces along the five foot walkway and car park are less formal.

Nikudo Seafood

Unlike in designated, formal eating spaces where the boundary between eating spaces are prominent and fixed, the setting of a crowded market and the friendliness of the market communities makes the sharing of tables a natural gesture.

tables and chairs of cafe tables for food preparation

The use of side alley for food consumption creates authentic atmosphere powered by the spontaneous act that cannot be recreated in a carefully choreographed designated, formal eating spaces.

hakka mee

curry mee

coffee

market stalls

Layout Plan of SS2 wet market Layout Plan of K.T.Z. Dessert

The privatisation of sidewalk in front K.T.Z. Dessert to accomodate a ramp with railings at both side where people queue and wait.

Tables and chairs spill out to five foot walkway of Hong Leong Bank at the side and to the parking space in front to accomodate more people.

The food stalls where food preparation occurs, and temporary tables and chairs where food consumption activity take place, take up passageway where people walks through the SS2 wet market stalls. Walking space become narrower, thus people who sit down to eat and people who are walking through this space can easily make contact.

Tables and chairs inside the restaurants are movable and can be rearranged to accommodate different sizes of group. As a result, this place can be very crowded at times and the waiters serving food have to weave between tightly arranged tables and chairs.

People from different tables might be sitting very close to each other, even though back-to back. If so, sitting outdoor under open air is sometimes more preferable.

Because of limited eating spaces, people often share tables. It offers to spontaneously generated conversation and greetings, especially when these people are from common background and come to the wet market for a common reason.

The scale of this local food node become intimate. It is a matter of distance and communication because we now can perceive more clearly the emotions of other people, at this point the meeting become relevant in a social context. (Jan Gehl, 2011)

Setting is slightly more casual compared to Two Pesos but it might get too noisy for intimate conversations.

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