INTERNET OF THINGS
Question 1 What effect will IOT have on our daily lives? Industrialization once revolutionized people lived their lives and technology promises to do it again. This technological revolution finds a serious push by the implementation of IoT, making the lives of people easier than before at the cost of privacy. Redesigning daily life From household tasks to the traffic on the road and the things you wear. Every single part of your life that can be made smart, will be made smart. Low on groceries but don’t know what to get? No worries your smart fridge already made you a list. Running late and worried you won’t arrive at work in time? You’re phone has already created an alternative route that will get you at work in time. Even when you arrive at home stressed from work, your house will already have analysed your mental state, and started some relaxing music and poured you some relaxing tea. IoT will bring you solutions to problems you weren’t even aware of yet, you had. (iqsdirectory, 2021). Improving society IoT will not only be limited to improving the quality of your daily life. It will also improve upon societal systems and make them connect better. The smart city of tomorrow will have advanced transportation systems, safe street lighting and energy-efficient buildings. Regarding public health IoT will give clear and correct insight into locally polluted air or water and provide the cause of this pollution and its solutions. Healthcare will see a staggering growth as well as diseases can be traced way earlier through the integration of IoT with the human body. But public health is not limited to physical health. IoT will help connecting patients with the right people and with each other creating a world where can provide a tougher fight against mental problems. (nordic-it, 2019). Another thing IoT will revolutionize is the agricultural world. Data collection will provide optimize solutions for farmers regarding land-use and irrigation, how to plow and when to plow. Overall it will increase land quality but also IoT will have an indirect impact in reducing food waste. By connecting IoT-devices at home, such as the smart-fridge with supermarkets and further up the supply chain such as farmers, resource use and product manufacturing will be perfectly fitted to the consumption pattern of society.
https://www.iqsdirectory.com/resources/what-exactly-is-the-internet-of-things-and-how-willit-affect-your-future/ https://www.mychesco.com/a/special-feature/5-surprising-ways-clean-technology-is-improving-daily-life/ https://nordic-it.com/iot-impact/
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Question 2 Will Internet of Things impact sustainability? Internet of Things is set out to revolutionize our daily life. As slowly every household item is becoming part of the cloud, consumers will always be up-to-date with the current state of their household items, business operations, etc. Sustainability at a home level Optimizing every process such as watering the plants to stocking the fridge, IoT will be able to reduce simple waste that would be created at home. Take for example your groceries. If a product in the fridge would expire, your smart fridge would notify you of this issue. this way the smart-fridge helps you reducing your personal waste. Also water usage at home will be optimized as you are more aware of where your water goes and how much water you use (smart flowerpots, smart showers, etc.) (information-age, 2020). Sustainability at a work level Implementing IoT at work also has its benefits. IoT could deliver insights in your current operations and show you where you are losing a lot of time (down-time for reparations, often occurring problems, etc.) and where costs can be minimized and profits be optimized (IoT perfecting the supply chain and the distribution network towards your customers). This gives a business much more financial sustainability and because you reduce the waste of your resources, it indirectly postively impacts climate as well. (economa, 2019). Sustainability a at societal level The biggest impact of IoT happens on societal level. If governments properly implement IoT in their current operations, they can better manage economic resource flows, develop better water-management plans, optimize irrigation and agriculture systems improve ground quality increase wildlife protection. It’s obvious that correctly implementing IoT on the societal level, can help minimize a lot of damage we are causing today. The downside of IOT While IoT seems like the perfect solution, there is still a downside to be found. With many items becoming smart, chips manufactures will have to expand operations and require more of the materials that are already scarce today. This big demand can result in mining-techniques that are very damaging to environments (Underwater rock mining development in the Gulf of Mexico). IoT will also rely on big databases to store data. These database servers require a lot of energy which in turn produces a lot of heat. To cool these servers, local water supplies are used, damaging the local environment. With water scarcity becoming a hot topic, this might be something to consider for the future. https://www.ecomena.org/internet-of-things/ https://www.iotacommunications.com/blog/iot-sustainability-solution/ https://www.information-age.com/how-iot-helping-cities-become-more-sustainable-than-ever-before-123491256/
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Question 3 What is the biggest risk associated with IOT? While IoT is something that is slowly creeping into our lives, we can’t certainly say what the biggest risk would we when we give super intelligent computers access to all our data. For now however, we might say that privacy and security are the biggest risk associated with IoT. The 4 big security threats we face today With everything connected to the Internet in today’s world, people with malecious intent can always find a way into acquiring that data. It’s up to us to detect how these people enter our devices and fix these weak security points. The first threat lies in the vulnerability of IoT devices. Vulnerability can be of two types: hardware and software. hardware vulnarability is tough to detect and to penetrate. software vulnerability comes from a poorly written algorithm that creates an easy backdoor for intruders. (dzone, 2020). the second threat is easy exposure. Most IoT devices can easily be accessed by third parties who can in turn extract and misuse the data from these devices. (dzone, 2020). The third threat is nature. Nature and artificially created items don’t always work together. The same goes with IoT-devices. If an IoT-device is exposed to a harmful force of nature (earthquakes, floods, ...) it can be very possible that all data is gone. This is even more likely when the damage occurs to datacentres. (dzone, 2020). The last and biggest threat to security are of course humans. Humans can have various reasons to infiltrate IoT-devices and steal their data. Be it from espionage, don’t actually stealing digital property. When IoT-devices security is compromised, the cause is almost always human. (dzone, 2020). IOT and industry It is important that our privacy can also be affected when IoT-devices of third-parties are infiltrated. Government institutions who collect our data, can get hacked and in turn your privacy is at risk. Furthermore even big business are not risk-free. Companies who keep important data stored on devices such as patents or financial operations may see their business development seriously halted when a breach is made into one of their IoTdevices. (attilasec, 2019).
https://www.epic.org/privacy/internet/iot/ https://www.attilasec.com/blog/what-are-the-risks-associated-with-industrial-iot https://dzone.com/articles/the-biggest-security-threats-and-challenges-for-io
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Question 4 Can we reasonably translate our experiences and emotions into algorithms?? While Artificial intelligence is an expert at analysing data and performing rational tasks, cracking the code to how we make AI more emotional is a tough cookie. While research into how our emotions work has been steadily growing, we’re still far-away from a real breakthrough. Emotion AI Will artificial neurons will potentially never become a true replacement for the human brain, it is still interesting to look how we can bring it as close as possible. A critical stepping stone in reaching this goal would be to quantify sentiment and define it within neural networks. this however is a tough task. Humans have difficulty themselves understanding where their emotions originate from and we can’t forget that the human brain has become intensely complex through millennia of evolution. (hbr, 2019). Although it seems like a very difficult task to undertake, many companies heavily research into how they can translate emotion to AI. Today we can already find examples of sentiment analysis or emotion AI being properly implemented. AI (when properly built) can discern certain words such as nice and terrible and give them an emotional connotation. So AI is already capable of reading our emotions. However one might wonder if we are able to let AI express its own emotions. Semantic meaning of language In recent years we all have encountered chatbots that are able to discern wether we are in a bad or good mood. This is their sentiment analysis of our AI. You might think that the next steps in developing emotion for AI are around the corner, but sadly it stops here. To reach a new milestone for emotional AI, we would have to be able to program the semantic meaning of language. Us humans are able to understand the underlying layers of language and see patterns throughout the multiple facets of communication. Programming this reasoning is very difficult and breakthroughs in this area should not be expected for the next decades. For now the only thing companies can do is perfection Emotion AI based on sentiment analysis. Creating a proper framework where AI analyses emotion based on speech, language use, intonation and non-verbal communication will prove the only way forward... for now. (towardsdatascience, 2020). https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/how-algorithms-discern-our-mood-what-wewrite-online-180975840/ https://hbr.org/2019/11/the-risks-of-using-ai-to-interpret-human-emotions https://towardsdatascience.com/can-your-ai-have-emotions-7efc35721e12
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Question 5 Who will govern IoT? So, who governs the internet of things? Who ensures connected and self-driving cars don’t put their passengers in danger, that security cameras don’t relay video feeds of their users to third parties, or that data collected from billions of consumer devices can be used without compromising personal information? Current state of governing IoT Today, several agencies, (such as in the U.S.A. the Food and Drug Administration, the Federal Communications Commission, the Federal Trade Commission and the National Highway Traffic Security Administration have authority over some aspects of the internet of things. Yet none of them completely governs IoT. In all honesty it is quite difficult to have one agency govern all things connected to the internet. A possible framework could begin to find its way into todays law if we encounter situations that require to drastically start regulation this sector, as is the case with our privacy and security of IoT-devices. For now it is merely guessing what the possible implications of an interconnected world can be. (innnovationnatwork, 2019). What might regulated IoT look like Current high-status people predict that there won’t necessarily be an agency governing IoT. They suspect that different agencies will pop-up that govern one part of IoT and together they will govern the entirety of all interconnected devices. The most important development here would be for those agencies to work together. (csoonline, 2020). Another interesting things that is mentioned is that governments do not only want the digital person to be protected but also the physical person. Yet to understand how that aspect can be regulated we have to see how the industry of IoT will further develop. Can industries govern themselves regarding IoT With the future of IoT covering every aspect of life, some business could take their own steps into how they govern their IoT. However it is to be said that this freedom should not be unlimited. A best-case scenario would be one, where the government sets out a framework with guidelines that are a minimum requirement when it comes to IoT. On top of that framework business can implement IoT however they see fit. (nextgov, 2020).
https://www.csoonline.com/article/3216110/who-can-regulate-the-iot.html https://innovationatwork.ieee.org/should-government-regulate-iot/ https://www.nextgov.com/emerging-tech/2020/01/senate-passes-legislation-help-boost-and-secure-internet-things/162443/
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SOURCES QUESTION 1 https://www.iqsdirectory.com/resources/what-exactly-is-the-internet-of-things-and-how-willit-affect-your-future/ https://www.mychesco.com/a/special-feature/5-surprising-ways-clean-technology-is-improving-daily-life/ https://nordic-it.com/iot-impact/
QUESTION 2 https://www.ecomena.org/internet-of-things/ https://www.iotacommunications.com/blog/iot-sustainability-solution/ https://www.information-age.com/how-iot-helping-cities-become-more-sustainable-than-ever-before-123491256/
QUESTION 3 https://www.epic.org/privacy/internet/iot/ https://www.attilasec.com/blog/what-are-the-risks-associated-with-industrial-iot https://dzone.com/articles/the-biggest-security-threats-and-challenges-for-io
QUESTION 4 https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/how-algorithms-discern-our-mood-what-wewrite-online-180975840/ https://hbr.org/2019/11/the-risks-of-using-ai-to-interpret-human-emotions https://towardsdatascience.com/can-your-ai-have-emotions-7efc35721e12
QUESTION 5 https://www.csoonline.com/article/3216110/who-can-regulate-the-iot.html https://innovationatwork.ieee.org/should-government-regulate-iot/ https://www.nextgov.com/emerging-tech/2020/01/senate-passes-legislation-help-boost-and-secure-internet-things/162443/