Michele bubacco whitegray

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Whitegray

Michele Bubacco


Whitegray: Michele Bubacco Opening: Thursday, June 28, 2012

Catalogue: Editor: Meital Manor Essay: Ron Bartos English translation: Margery Morgan Design: Nelly Levin Photographer: Anna Lott Donadel Plates and Printing: Halfi Art Publishing

Measurements are given in centimeters, height x length All rights reserved Museum Tower 4 Berkovits St. Tel Aviv, Israel 972-3-6959496 www.litvakcontemporary.com


Whitegray: Michele Bubacco


141x141 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2010 ,โ€ซืžืฉืคื—ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื‘ื ื•ืฃโ€ฌ Large Family in Landscape, 2010, oil on canvas, 141x141


Foreword Michele Bubacco is an autodidact born in 1983 on the island of Murano in Venice, where he still lives and works today. The island is renowned for its fine-glass industry, which dates back to the 13th century. The artistic language Bubacco has developed is permeated with the artistic influences he absorbed from his surroundings and especially from his father, the glass artist Lucio Bubacco. After studying painting with the Venetian artist Alessandro Rossi from 2002 until 2004 and gaining further expertise in glass-fusing with the artist Miriam Di Fiore in 2005, Bubacco opened a studio in Murano and began to take part in exhibitions in Italy and throughout Europe. A major highlight was the mounting of the monumental painting Crimson Orchestra at a satellite exhibition of the Venice Biennale in 2011. I first met Michele Bubacco about five years ago in his studio in Murano and was deeply impressed by his creations. As a result, the Litvak Gallery began to take an active interest in his work. The exhibition you are about to see marks the artistรข€™s first solo exhibition in Israel, and it focuses on work from series painted during the past five years รข€“ including works he created during his stay in Israel in the months preceding the exhibition. The very large paintings carry on a dialogue with the rich history of Venice as a cultural center with hedonistic attributes, in an expressive painting language that reveals the distress and even violence that are bound up with pleasure. I very much hope you will enjoy the exhibition.

Muly Litvak


137x103 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2010 ,โ€ซื™ืœื“ ื•ื’ื•ืจืœื•โ€ฌ Child with his Fate, 2010, oil on canvas, 137x103


Michele Bubacco: The Way of All Flesh Whitegray of a steeply caved feeling. Inland, winddriven dunegrass blows sand patterns over the smoke of wellsongs. An ear, severed, listens. An eye, sliced into strips, gives all that its due. โ€“ Paul Celan1 Michele Bubacco is an Existentialist. The young Italian painter is anguished about mankind, recognizes its wretched condition and laments this condition in his paintings, a lamentation that is also a song of rage against the misery of the human creation, manโ€™s flesh and its transitory nature. In his work, man is drenched in constant anguish, dread about existence and death. This is a basic Existential stance, which the artist has chosen to adopt. According to Sartre, manโ€™s existence precedes his essence2; first of all he exists, surges up in the world and then defines his essence afterward3. In Bubaccoโ€™s paintings, above this given existence hovers death, the inevitable destination of manโ€™s path. The myth of Prometheus illuminates to a certain extent Bubaccoโ€™s oeuvre; thus, one must address it before discussing his works. Prometheus, whose name means โ€œforethought,โ€ was a Titan who did not rally to the side of his race during the war between the Olympian gods and the Titans (the parents of the gods ____________________________ 1 Paul Celan, โ€œWeissgrauโ€ (โ€œWhitegrayโ€) from Selected Poems and Prose of Paul Celan, trans.

J. Felstiner, (New York: Norton, 2001). 2 Jean-Paul Sartre, Existentialism is Humanism (Hebrew edition), trans. Yaakov Golomb, (Jerusalem: Carmel, 1988), p. 16. 3 Ibid., p. 13.


and their predecessors). After the godsโ€™ victory, Zeus, who was now their king, gave to Prometheus and his brother Epimetheus (whose name means just the opposite โ€“ โ€œhindsightโ€) the task of populating the world. To accomplish this task, Zeus bestowed upon the brothers many gifts, including fur, hooves, wings, speed and more. After giving the matter much thought, Prometheus created a creature in the image of the gods โ€“ man. But when he completed his work, he discovered that his brother had already handed out all the qualities at their disposal. To defend his handiwork, Prometheus gave to man fire.4 Although he could have bestowed upon man the ability to foretell his future, Prometheus refrained from doing this so that man would not have advance knowledge of his death and thus lose all hope. Moreover, according to ancient Greek playwright Aeschylusโ€™ trilogy about Prometheus, the Titan bequeathed to man the sciences, the arts and the ability to survive. The myth continues with the quarrel between the mortals and the immortals, which erupted over Zeusโ€™ demands for such a great number of sacrifices that no meat remained for people to eat. Prometheus, who was appointed to arbitrate the dispute, asked Zeus to choose between two different sacrificial portions: one consisted of beef hidden inside internal organs while the other was made of bones wrapped inside glistening fat. Zeus chose the bones due to their more attractive wrapping so it was decided that for future sacrifices, men would get more of the meat while the gods would get the bones. Infuriated by Prometheusโ€™ trickery, Zeus punished man by taking away fire. Prometheus pitied his creations, stole a spark of fire from the wheels of the Olympian sun chariot and restored the flame to man. For this, Prometheus was punished severely: He was chained to a rock in the Caucasus Mountains where an eagle came every day to eat his liver, which regenerated itself every night only to be gnawed away again on the morrow. I would like to propose that this story is the key to reading the works of Michele Bubacco and that this key can open up the meaning of his paintings, while also allowing for additional interpretations and approaches. The painting Prometheus (2009) depic ts a man bent over back wards, alone in the space. In his left hand he holds a fork โ€“ an item that makes repeated appearances in the artistโ€™s works โ€“ while on his stomach perch two doves. One bird is waiting, while its companion is gnawing at the heroโ€™s flesh, wounding it. ____________________________ 4 In another version of the myth, the two brothers were ordered to distribute gifts to the

existing creatures and after Epimetheus gave out everything, Prometheus bestowed upon the helpless humans the gift of fire.


This is todayโ€™s Prometheus. He is not chained somewhere in the mountains and he does not look like a wise person who knows how to engage in forethought. In an ironic and almost painfully macabre way, he is waiting for his own turn to gnaw away at his internal organs. So it is in another painting in the series, The Waiting Room of Prometheus (2010), in which we see the hero lying prone on his back underneath a chair upon which five doves are perched, with another dove sitting atop his bent knee. This is an interesting and suspenseful moment, in the nature of โ€œthe quiet before the stormโ€ โ€“ that same storm depicted in the preceding painting. Here, as opposed to the tensed-up man with a fork in his hand, the hero is sprawled on the floor and the doves are not yet gnawing at his abdomen. Perhaps the โ€œmusicโ€ written between the two paintings parallels Franz Schubertโ€™s lieder โ€œPrometheusโ€ (1819), in which he set to music Goetheโ€™s poem of the same name5.This is an intensely dramatic and stern-faced song, with its stark contrast between the section sung in tranquility, in the manner of a prolonged legato, and the sharp laceration of the deep bass voice. This contrast is โ€œheardโ€ in the paintings we see before us. The next series, called Meals, centers upon flesh, a chunk of raw meat, exposed and bloody. At first glance, these paintings are totally abstract, enjoying the freedom of the painterโ€™s free brushstrokes, but the observer discerns within them the pound of red flesh sitting on a round plate. Bubacco presents the observer with portions of flesh just as Prometheus served them up to Zeus โ€“ with deception in mind. From a painterly/historical standpoint, Bubacco adds another link to the chain of artists who have taken part in this โ€œcelebration of flesh,โ€ including Rembrandt van Rijn, Francisco Goya, Chaim Soutine, Francis Bacon and Jenny Saville. In the intellectual sense, these paintings continue Bubaccoโ€™s engagement with the substance of human existence, in their declaration that man is nothing but flesh and his only possible path is โ€œthe way of all flesh.โ€ The human creature is sentenced to exist and then to cease to exist. Bubacco takes great interest in depic ting the imper fec t man who is detached from himself and his surroundings. In his view, detachment and alienation characterize the modern world and this detachment leads to the neutralization and disfigurement of manโ€™s image6. Bubaccoโ€™s portrait paintings exemplify most clearly his occupation with the detached and disfigured body. In the painting Self-portrait (Head) (2010), the artist depicts his countenance in ____________________________ 5 Franz Schubert, โ€œPrometheus,โ€ D. 674, song for voice and piano. 6 From conversations with the artist, Tel Aviv, May-June, 2012.


a slightly distorted way โ€“ his jaw is crooked and his lower lip is swollen, but most conspicuous is his closed, blocked left eye. When discussing the self-portrait, the blocked eye takes on a dual value โ€“ the eye is needed both so that the artist can observe the paintingโ€™s subject (himself ) and so that he is able to paint it. This is a portrait of a failed look โ€“ and the observer who cannot see is the equivalent of the man who cannot exist. In Bubaccoโ€™s series of several dozen portraits, the viewer will find various degrees of distortion of the head. Bubaccoโ€™s immediate action is to neutralize one or more of the sensory organs (eye, nose, mouth, ear and skin). This is the artistโ€™s strategy in his philosophical-artistic struggle against manโ€™s impossible reality and existence. Bubacco extends the noses of his subjects, blocks their mouths or eyes, leaves eye sockets uninhabited, omits ears and disfigures skin โ€“ all means are permissible in order to detach the figure from the ability to sense and to apprehend reality. In the language of the poem that opens this essay, Bubacco gives his figures their due. Another marvelous way in which the artist separates the body from itself is by means of a wide collar, or ruff, like those worn in Europe during the 16th and 17th centuries. The ruff โ€™s diameter severs the head from the body, bringing about a symbolic visual detachment of the two. Among the array of disfigured organs in these portraits, skin is particularly interesting due to its additional, non-physical task of preserving the orderliness of the individualโ€™s experience of existence. The French psychoanalyst and thinker Didier Anzieu7 developed the notion of the โ€œskin-ego,โ€ which likens the skin that covers the body to an โ€œegoโ€ that enwraps the psyche and protects it. Thus, when the artist breaks through the skin envelope and wounds it, this evidences a violation of the individualโ€™s orderly experience of existence: gnawed facial skin indicates a gnawed psyche. Nothing more than a look is needed to recognize the wounded psyches of the figures depicted in these portraits. One of Bubaccoโ€™s crowning achievements is the colossal (13 meters long and 2.20 meters high) painting Crimson Orchestra (2011)8. The complex composition depicts almost 50 male figures crowded together in varying attitudes โ€“ standing, sitting, kneeling, lying down, falling โ€“ and engaged in various occurrences ____________________________ 7 See Didier Anzieu, The Skin Ego (Hebrew edition), trans. Orit Rosen (Tel Aviv: Bookworm

Publishing, 2004).

8 The painting was first shown at the exhibition โ€œPaint in Black on the White Night,โ€ which was

held at the Ikona Gallery in Venice as a satellite exhibition accompanying the Venice Biennale, 2011.


that revolve around the act of eating. At this strange, unbridled feast, the figures seek to eat each other, touch each other, their pinkish bodies crushed against those around them, grasping them in a sexually suggestive way. Flaming violence and death are expressed in the paintingโ€™s fiery red hues. In this painting and others like it, the young painter acknowledges his debt to the glorious heritage of Italian painting, which reached its peak in the High Renaissance and the Mannerism of the 15th and 16th centuries. This massive โ€œbanquetโ€ takes inspiration from Italian Renaissance precedents, particularly from the Venetian school, such as the multi-figured masterpieces The Wedding at Cana by Paolo Veronese and The Miracle of the Slave by Tintoretto, both of which date to the 16th century. As opposed to Veroneseโ€™s wedding banquet, which depicts the exalted occasion of a divine miracle (Jesusโ€™ first miracle, turning water into wine) and aspires to the artistic and ethical idealism befitting Renaissance perceptions, at Bubaccoโ€™s banquet the red of the wine takes over the painting and the faculties of the feasters, who commit the sins of gluttony (gula) and lust (luxuria) โ€“ sins of the flesh whose punishment is death. A comparison of these paintings emphasizes the use of opposites as the value that characterizes Bubaccoโ€™s creation: heavenly vs. earthly, lofty vs. debased, miracle vs. curse, life vs. death. At the center of Crimson Orchestra stands the act of eating, an issue that assumes an important place in Bubaccoโ€™s works and the discussion about them. So in addition to the groups of people eating each other in this painting, one can cite other works dealing with this topic, including Prometheus being eaten by doves while holding a fork in his hand; the portrait Ruminant (2009); the figure grasping its destiny and wearing the form of intestines in the painting Child with his Fate (2010); the prone figure with a plate on his stomach in The Farmerโ€™s Daughter (2010) and more. Eating appears repeatedly in Bubaccoโ€™s paintings and his figures fulfill the vision of the prophet Isaiah: โ€œLet us eat and drink, for tomorrow we dieโ€ (Isa. 22:13) in their assault upon themselves and those around them like a hungry herd descending upon a feeding troughโ€“ eating and digesting. This is the artistโ€™s utterance about modern society, whose stomach does not serve its head and mind โ€“ a society deteriorating into a shallow existence of digestion rather than thought. It seems as though the painting was created in an atmosphere of urgency. This is evidenced by the application of color and the design of the details, which are painted onto the huge canvas with expansive hand gestures. The painter moved around in front of the canvas in a way reminiscent of the Venetian Expressionist


Emilio Vedova9 (just as Jackson Pollock โ€œdancedโ€ above his drip paintings). Bubacco designed figures with his paintbrush and formed these figures into groups that he then โ€œorchestratedโ€ into one complex composition. He labored over this monumental work for two-and-a-half months, but a significant chunk of this time was devoted to meticulous planning by means of hundreds of preliminary studies. Among them are drawings of single figures, body details and poses, as well as sketches of groups and the interaction of the figures within them. He examined various possibilities for joining them into a cohesive whole โ€“ until the idea crystallized and was ready to be actualized. Bubacco has been working in a similar fashion over the past few months during his stay in Israel, sketching hundreds of studies for a series of four huge paintings based on a black-gray-white palette on natural fabric. The paintingsโ€™ title, Girotondo (2012), meaning โ€œwheel,โ€ is taken from the name of an Italian folksong for children, whose words are (in free translation): โ€œTurn, turn on the wheel / The world is falling / The earth is falling / All fall downโ€ 10 . In relation to Bubaccoโ€™s paintings, there is even an anxious existential tone in the words of the childrenโ€™s song. The painter did not dramatize the circle of playing children; rather, in the current series whose language is very free and expressive (influenced, to a large extent, by Vedova), exposed male bodies are piled up in pseudo-heroic scenes โ€“ scenes in which they will continue their hopeless attempt to satisfy their constant hunger. We can do nothing but wish them โ€œbon appetit.โ€

Ron Bartos

____________________________

9 An examination of the influences and affinities between Vedova and Bubacco could be

interesting. It could include, for example, the influence of the Venetian artist Vedovaโ€™s expressive forms on the young artist or the affinity between the settings Vedova designed for the opera โ€œPrometheusโ€ by Luigi Nono (which premiered at the 1984 Venice Biennale) and Bubaccoโ€™s occupation with the myth of Prometheus in particular and with mythology in general. 10 The analogous song in English is โ€œRing a Ring oโ€™ Roses,โ€ while in Hebrew it is the traditional childrenโ€™s song โ€œOoga, Oogaโ€ (โ€œCake, Cakeโ€), whose lyrics were written by Aharon Ashman.


150x111 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2011 ,โ€ซื”ื‘ืฉื•ืจื”โ€ฌ The Annunciation, 2011, oil on canvas, 150x111


95x106 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2009 ,โ€ซืชื”ืœื•ื›ืช ื”ื–ื”ื•ื™ื•ืชโ€ฌ Identity Parade, 2009, oil on canvas, 95x106


80x68 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2010 ,)โ€ซื“ื™ื•ืงืŸ ืขืฆืžื™ (ืจืืฉโ€ฌ Self-portrait (Head), 2010, oil on canvas, 80x68


240x490 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2012 ,Girotondo III Girotondo III, 2012, oil on canvas, 240x490


230x160 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2012 ,โ€ซืขืœืžื•ืชโ€ฌ Ladies, 2012, oil on canvas, 230x160


150x165 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2012 ,โ€ซืฆืœื—ืช ืขืžื•ืงื”โ€ฌ Deep Dish, 2012, oil on canvas, 150x165


120x120 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2012 ,III โ€ซื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”โ€ฌ The Meal III, 2012, oil on canvas, 120x120

120x120 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2012 ,I โ€ซื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”โ€ฌ The Meal I, 2012, oil on canvas, 120x120


83x80 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2009 ,II โ€ซืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืกโ€ฌ Prometheus II, 2009, oil on canvas, 83x80


103x146 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2009 ,โ€ซืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืกโ€ฌ Prometheus, 2009, oil on canvas, 103x146


146x103 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2010 ,โ€ซื‘ืช ื”ืื™ื›ืจโ€ฌ The Farmerโ€™s Daughter, 2010, oil on canvas, 146x103


155x135 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2010 ,โ€ซื—ื“ืจ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืกโ€ฌ Waiting Room of Prometheus, 2010, oil on canvas, 155x135


158x103 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2009 ,โ€ซืชืคื ื™ื ืขื ื‘ืงื‘ื•ืงโ€ฌ Interior with Bottle, 2009, oil on canvas, 158x103


132x103 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2009 ,โ€ซ ื™ืฆื—ืงโ€ฌ:โ€ซื—ื“ืจ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื”โ€ฌ Waiting Room: Isaac, 2009, oil on canvas, 132x103


163x103 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2010 ,โ€ซื”ืžืืจื—โ€ฌ The Host, 2010, oil on canvas, 163x103


141x119 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2009 ,โ€ซืชืงืจื™ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืงโ€ฌ Incident at the Market, 2009, oil on canvas, 141x119



227x922, 217x300 :โ€ซ ืฉื ื™ ื—ืœืงื™ืโ€ฌ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2011 ,โ€ซืชื–ืžื•ืจืช ืืจื’ืžืŸโ€ฌ Crimson Orchestra, 2011, oil on canvas, two parts: 227x922, 217x300

2011 ,)โ€ซืชื–ืžื•ืจืช ืืจื’ืžืŸ (ืคืจื˜โ€ฌ Crimson Orchestra (Detail), 2011


230x160 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2012 ,โ€ซื’ื‘ืจื™ืโ€ฌ Gentlemen, 2012, oil on canvas, 230x160


125x95 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2009 ,โ€ซื—ืœื™ืคื•ืชโ€ฌ Smoking, 2009, oil on canvas, 125x95


93x110 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2009 ,โ€ซืฆื™ื™ืจโ€ฌ Painter, 2009, oil on canvas, 93x110


113x63 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2009 ,โ€ซืžืขืœื” ื’ื™ืจื”โ€ฌ Ruminant, 2009, oil on canvas, 113x63

85x64 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2009 ,โ€ซื“ื™ื•ืงืŸ ืขื ืฆื•ื•ืืจื•ืŸโ€ฌ Portrait with Ruff, 2009, oil on canvas, 85x64


โ€ซ(ื‘ืชืจื’ื•ื ื—ื•ืคืฉื™)โ€ชโ€œ :โ€ฌืกื•ื‘ื•โ€ช ,โ€ฌืกื•ื‘ื• ื‘ืžืขื’ืœ โ€ช /โ€ฌื”ืขื•ืœื ื ื•ืคืœ โ€ช /โ€ฌื”ืื“ืžื” ื ื•ืคืœืช โ€ช /โ€ฌื›ื•ืœื ืœืจื“ืช ืžื˜ื”โ€โ€ช 10.โ€ฌื‘ื”ืงืฉืจโ€ฌ โ€ซืฉืœ ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื•โ€ช ,โ€ฌื™ืฉ ืืฃ ื‘ืžื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื™ืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื ื™ืžื” ื”ืงื™ื•ืžื™ืช ื”ื“ื•ืื’ืชโ€ช .โ€ฌื”ืฆื™ื™ืจ ืœื ื”ืžื—ื™ื– ืืช ืžืขื’ืœโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื; ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ืืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉืฉืคืชื” ืืงืกืคืจืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืžืฉื•ื—ืจืจืช ืžืื•ื“โ€ฌ โ€ซึถื“ื•ื‘ื”)โ€ช ,โ€ฌื ืขืจืžื• ื’ื•ืคื™ ื’ื‘ืจื™ื ื—ืฉื•ืคื™ื ื‘ืกืฆื™ื ื•ืช ืคืกื‘ื“ื•โ€ช-โ€ฌื”ื™ืจื•ืื™ื•ืช โ€“ ืกืฆื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸโ€ฌ โ€ซ(ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขืช ื• ื‚ ึธโ€ฌ โ€ซื™ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ื ื ื”ืื‘ื•ื“ ืžืจืืฉ ืœืกืคืง ืืช ืจืขื‘ื ื”ืชืžื™ื“ื™โ€ช .โ€ฌืœื ื ื•ืชืจ ืœื ื• ืืคื•ื ืืœื ืœืื—ืœ ืœื”ืโ€ฌ โ€ซโ€œื‘ืชื™ืื‘ื•ืŸโ€โ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ

โ€ซืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื˜ื•ืฉโ€ฌ

โ€ซ__________________________โ€ฌ โ€ซโ€ช 10โ€ฌื”ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ื•ื โ€œโ€ช ,โ€Ring a Ring oโ€™ Rosesโ€ฌื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืžืงื‘ื™ืœืชื• ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืจโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืขืžืžื™ โ€œืขื•ื’ื” ืขื•ื’ื”โ€โ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉืืช ืžื™ืœื•ืชื™ื• ื—ื™ื‘ืจ ืื”ืจืŸ ืืฉืžืŸโ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ


โ€ซืืœ ื”ื’ื•ืคื™ื ื”ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื ื•ื ืื—ื–ื™ื ื‘ื”ื ืชื•ืš ืจืžื™ื–ื” ืขืœ ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืžื™ื ื™ื™ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ื™ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื•ืžื•ื•ืช ืœื•ื”ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืฆื‘ืขื™โ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืื“ื•ื ื”ื™ื•ืงื“โ€ช .โ€ฌื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื–ื” ื•ื‘ืื—ืจื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœื•โ€ช ,โ€ฌืžืกื’ื™ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื™ืจ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ืืช ื—ื•ื‘ื• ืœืžื•ืจืฉืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื”ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ืชโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืžืคื•ืืจืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉืฉื™ืื” ื‘ืจื ืกืื ืก ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื•ื‘ืžื ื™ื™ืจื™ื–ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžืื•ืช ื”โ€ช 15-โ€ฌื•ื”โ€ชโ€œ .16-โ€ฌืกืขื•ื“ื”โ€ ืื“ื™ืจื” ื–ื• ืฉื•ืื‘ืชโ€ฌ โ€ซืžืชืงื“ื™ืžื™ ื”ืจื ืกืื ืก ื”ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™โ€ช ,โ€ฌื•ืžื–ื” ื”ื•ื•ื ืฆื™ืื ื™ ื‘ืคืจื˜โ€ช ,โ€ฌื›ืžื• ืœืžืฉืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืคืช ืจื‘ื•ืชโ€ช-โ€ฌื”ืžืฉืชืชืคื™ืโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื‘ืงื ื” ืฉืœ ื•ืจื•ื ื–ื” (โ€ช )Veroneseโ€ฌืื• ื ืก ื”ืขื‘ื“ ืฉืœ ื˜ื™ื ื˜ื•ืจื˜ื• (โ€ช ,)Tintorettoโ€ฌืฉืชื™ื”ืŸโ€ฌ โ€ซืžืืžืฆืข ื”ืžืื” ื”โ€ช .16-โ€ฌืืš ืœืขื•ืžืช ืกืขื•ื“ืช ื”ื—ืชื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื•ืจื•ื ื–ื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ืžืชืืจืช ืื™ืจื•ืข ื ืฉื’ื‘ ืฉืœ ื ืก ืืœื•ื”ื™โ€ฌ โ€ซ(ื”ื ืก ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื™ืฉื•โ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉื‘ื• ื”ืคืš ืžื™ื ืœื™ื™ืŸ) ื•ืฉื•ืืคืช ืœืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ื ืืžื ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื•ืืชื™ื™ื ื”ื™ืื™ื ืœืชืคื™ืกื•ืชโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืจื ืกืื ืกื™ื•ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ืกืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ื”ืฉืชืœื˜ ืื•ื“ื ื”ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื•ืขืœ ืคื›ื—ื•ืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ืขื“ื™ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ื—ื•ื˜ืื™ืโ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ื—ื˜ืื™ ื”ื’ืจื’ืจื ื•ืช (โ€ช )gulaโ€ฌื•ื”ืชืื•ื•ื” (โ€ช โ€“ )luxuriaโ€ฌื—ื˜ืื™โ€ช-โ€ฌื‘ืฉืจ ืฉืขื•ื ืฉื ืžื•ื•ืชโ€ช .โ€ฌื”ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ืœืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ืืœื•โ€ฌ โ€ซืžื“ื’ื™ืฉื” ืืช ื”ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ื™ื ื›ืขืจืš ื”ืžืืคื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื•โ€ช :โ€ฌืฉืžื™ื™ืžื™ ืžื•ืœ ืืจืฆื™โ€ช ,โ€ฌื ืฉื’ื‘ ืžื•ืœ ืฉืคืœโ€ช ,โ€ฌื ืกโ€ฌ โ€ซืžื•ืœ ืงืœืœื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื—ื™ื™ื ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžื•ื•ืชโ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ ืชื–ืžื•ืจืช ืืจื’ืžืŸ ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืืคื•ื ืคืขื•ืœืช ื”ืื›ื™ืœื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืชื•ืคืกืช ืžืงื•ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘โ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืืžืŸ ื•ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื”โ€ช .โ€ฌื›ืšโ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืื•ื›ืœื™ื ืื™ืฉ ืืช ืจืขื”ื• ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจโ€ฌ โ€ซื–ื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืกืงื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ืฉืโ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก ื”ื ืื›ืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืžื–ืœื’;โ€ฌ โ€ซื”ื“ื™ื•ืงืŸ ืžืขืœื” ื’ื™ืจื” (โ€ช ;)2009โ€ฌื”ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืื•ื—ื–ืช ื‘ื’ื•ืจืœื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ืœื•ื‘ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืช ืžืขื™ื™ื (ืื™ื‘ืจ ื”ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ)โ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจโ€ฌ โ€ซื™ืœื“ ื•ื’ื•ืจืœื• (โ€ช ;)2010โ€ฌื“ืžื•ืช ืฉื›ื•ื‘ื” ืขื ืฆืœื—ืช ืขืœ ื‘ื˜ื ื” ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื‘ืช ื”ืื™ื›ืจ (โ€ช ,)2010โ€ฌื•ืขื•ื“โ€ช .โ€ฌื”ืื›ื™ืœื”โ€ฌ โ€ซึฐืฉ ึนโ€ฌ โ€ซโ€œื ึนโ€ฌ โ€ซืชื•โ€ชึนึด ,โ€ฌื›ื™ ึธืž ึธื—ืจโ€ฌ โ€ซื›ื•ืœ ื• ึน ึธโ€ฌ โ€ซืฉื‘ื” ื•ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื•โ€ช ,โ€ฌื•ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื• ืžื’ืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืืช ื—ื–ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื•โ€ชึธ ,โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื ึธืžื•ึผืชโ€ (ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื›โ€œื‘โ€ช :โ€ฌื™โ€œื’)โ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ื”ืกืชืขืจืŸ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžืŸ ื•ืขืœ ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชืŸ ื›ืขื“ืจ ืจืขื‘ ืขืœ ืื‘ื•ึผืก โ€“ ืื•ื›ืœื•ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌืžืขื›ืœื•ืชโ€ฌ โ€ซื•ืžืื•ื›ืœื•ืชโ€ช .โ€ฌื–ื• ืืžื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื™ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉืงื™ื‘ืชื” ืื™ื ื” ืžืฉืจืชืช ืืช ืจืืฉื” ื•ืฉื›ืœื”;โ€ฌ โ€ซื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืžื™ื“ืจื“ืจืช ืœืงื™ื•ื ืจื“ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืขื™ื›ื•ืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื”โ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื“ื•ืžื” ื›ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื ื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจืช ื“ื—ื™ืคื•ืชโ€ช .โ€ฌืขืœ ื›ืš ืžืขื™ื“ื™ื ื”ื ื—ืช ื”ืฆื‘ืข ื•ืื•ืคืŸ ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ืโ€ช,โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซืฉืฆื•ื™ืจื• ืขืœ ื‘ื“ ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื”ืขืฆื•ื ื‘ืžื—ื•ื•ืช ื™ื“ ืืจื•ื›ื•ืชโ€ช .โ€ฌื”ืฆื™ื™ืจ ื”ืชื ื•ืขืข ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืžื—ื•ื•ืชโ€ฌ โ€ซึถื“ื•ื‘ื” (โ€ช( 9)Vedovaโ€ฌื›ืฉื ืฉื’ ืงืกื•ืŸ ืคื•ืœื•ืง โ€œืจืงื“โ€โ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืืงืกืคืจืกื™ื•ื ื™ืกื˜ ื”ื•ื•ื ืฆื™ืื ื™ ืืžื™ืœื™ื• ื• ื‚ ึธโ€ฌ โ€ซืžืขืœ ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ ื”โ€œื˜ืคื˜ื•ืคื™ืโ€ ืฉืœื•)โ€ช .โ€ฌื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ืขื™ืฆื‘ ื‘ืžืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืžื›ื—ื•ืœื• ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌื’ื™ื‘ืฉ ืืช ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืชโ€ฌ โ€ซืœืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌื•ืืช ืืœื• โ€œืชื–ืžืจโ€ ื‘ืงื•ืžืคื•ื–ื™ืฆื™ื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ืื—ืชโ€ช .โ€ฌื”ื•ื ืขืžืœ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ื ื•ืžื ื˜ืœื™ ื‘ืžืฉืšโ€ฌ โ€ซื›ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื—ืฆื™โ€ช ,โ€ฌืืš ื—ืœืง ื ื™ื›ืจ ืžืชื•ืš ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ื–ื” ื”ื•ืงื“ืฉ ืœืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ืžื•ืงืคื“โ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžืื•ืช ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™โ€ฌ โ€ซื”ื›ื ื” โ€“ ื‘ื”ื ืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื™ื—ื™ื“ื•ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌืคืจื˜ื™ ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ืชื ื•ื—ื•ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌืจื™ืฉื•ืžื™ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื•ื™ื—ืกื™ ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื•ื›ืŸโ€ช,โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซืœืžื—ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ โ€“ ืขื“ ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืฉ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸโ€ช ,โ€ฌืœืงืจืืช ื”ื•ืฆืืชื• ืžืŸ ื”ื›ื•ื— ืืœ ื”ืคื•ืขืœโ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื•ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืืคืฉืจื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ึดโ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื“ื•ืžื” ืขืžืœ ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ืขืช ืฉื”ื•ืชื• ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœโ€ช ,โ€ฌื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื•ืฉื ืžืื•ืชโ€ฌ โ€ซืื˜ื™ื•ื“ื™ื ืœืกื“ืจื” ื‘ืช ืืจื‘ืขื” ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™โ€ช-โ€ฌืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ืขื™ ืฉื—ื•ืจโ€ช-โ€ฌืืคื•ืจโ€ช-โ€ฌืœื‘ืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“ ื˜ื‘ืขื™โ€ช .โ€ฌื›ื•ืชืจืชโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ืโ€ช( Girotondo ,โ€ฌืžืขื’ืœ)โ€ช ,โ€ฌืœืงื•ื—ื” ืžืฉืžื• ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืขืžืžื™ ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™โ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉืืœื• ืžื™ืœื•ืชื™ื•โ€ฌ โ€ซโ€™โ€ฌ

โ€ซ__________________________โ€ฌ โ€ซึถื“ื•ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ืชโ€ช .โ€ฌืœืžืฉืœโ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ืฉืคืขืช ื”ืฆื•ืจื ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืงืกืคืจืกื™ื‘ื™ืชโ€ฌ โ€ซโ€ช 9โ€ฌื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ื”ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ื•ื”ื–ื™ืงื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื• ื‚ ึธโ€ฌ โ€ซึถื“ื•ื‘ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืื•ืคืจื” ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก ืžืืชโ€ฌ โ€ซึถื“ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื•ื ืฆื™ืื ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืืžืŸ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจโ€ช ,โ€ฌืื• ื”ื–ื™ืงื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชืคืื•ืจื” ืฉืขื™ืฆื‘ ื• ื‚ ึธโ€ฌ โ€ซืฉืœ ื• ื‚ ึธโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืžืœื—ื™ืŸ ืœื•ืื™ื’ ื™ ื ื•ื ื• (โ€ช( )Nonoโ€ฌืฉื”ื•ืฆื’ื” ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืื ืœื” ืฉืœ ื•ื ืฆื™ื”โ€ช )1984 ,โ€ฌืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืกื•ืง ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ื‘ืžื™ืชื•ืกโ€ฌ โ€ซืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื•ื‘ืžื™ืชื•ืก ื‘ื›ืœืœโ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซโ€™โ€ฌ


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โ€ซื—ื™ื™ื ืกื•ื˜ื™ืŸ (โ€ช ,)Soutineโ€ฌืคืจื ืกื™ืก ื‘ื™ื™ืงื•ืŸ (โ€ช )Baconโ€ฌื•ื’ ื ื™ ืกื‘ื™ืœ (โ€ช .)Savilleโ€ฌืžื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื™ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ืโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืœืœื• ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื™ื ืืช ืขื™ืกื•ืงื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ื‘ืขืฆื ื”ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™โ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ื”ืฆื”ื™ืจื ื›ื™ ื”ืื“ื ืื™ื ื• ืืœื ื‘ืฉืจโ€ฌ โ€ซื•ื›ื™ ื“ืจื›ื• ื”ืืคืฉืจื™ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ื”ื™ื โ€œื“ืจืš ื›ืœ ื‘ืฉืจโ€โ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉื›ืŸ ื“ื™ื ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ื ื•ืื– ืœื—ื“ื•ืœโ€ฌ โ€ซืžืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ืโ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ืžื•ืฆื ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืจื‘ ื‘ืชื™ืื•ืจ ื”ืื“ื ื”ืœื ืฉืœื ื•ื”ืžื ื•ืชืง ืžืขืฆืžื• ืื• ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื•โ€ช .โ€ฌืœืชืคื™ืกืชื•โ€ช,โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซืœื ื˜ืจ ึผื• ืœ ื•ืœื”ืฉื—ืชืช ืฆืœืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ืโ€ช6.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ื ื™ืชื•ืง ื•ื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืจ ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™โ€ช ,โ€ฌื•ื”ื ืชืง ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ึด ึนโ€ฌ โ€ซืฆื™ื•ืจื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืงื ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ืžื“ื’ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืจ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ืขื™ืกื•ืงื• ื‘ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืžื ื•ืชืง ื•ื”ืžื•ืฉื—ืชโ€ช .โ€ฌื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจโ€ฌ โ€ซื“ื™ื•ืงืŸ ืขืฆืžื™ (โ€ช )2010โ€ฌืžืชืืจ ื”ืืžืŸ ืืช ืงืœืกืชืจื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืขื˜ ืžืขื•ื•ืชโ€ช :โ€ฌืœืกืชื• ืขืงื•ืžื” ื•ืฉืคืชื• ืžื ื•ืคื—ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌืืšโ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ื•ืœื˜ืช ืžื›ื•ืœ ืขื™ื ื• ื”ืฉืžืืœื™ืช ื”ืกื’ื•ืจื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ืกืชื•ืžื”โ€ช .โ€ฌื‘ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืงืŸ ื”ืขืฆืžื™โ€ช ,โ€ฌืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœ ืขื™ืŸ ืกืชื•ืžื”โ€ฌ โ€ซื–ื• ืžื•ื›ืคืœโ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉื›ืŸ ื”ืขื™ืŸ ื ื“ืจืฉืช ื”ืŸ ืœืฉื ื”ืชื‘ื•ื ื ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื™ืจ ื‘ืžื•ืฉื ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ (ื”ื•ื ืขืฆืžื•) ื•ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœโ€ฌ โ€ซืœืฆื™ื™ืจื•โ€ช .โ€ฌื–ื”ื• ื“ื™ื•ืงืŸ ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื˜ ื›ื•ืฉืœ โ€“ ื•ื”ืžืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉืงื•ืœ ืœืื“ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืชืงื™ื™ืโ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ืกื“ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ื•ืงื ืื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื•โ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ืžื•ื ื” ื›ืžื” ืขืฉืจื•ืช ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌื™ืžืฆื ื”ืฆื•ืคื” ื“ืจื’ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืชโ€ฌ โ€ซืฉืœ ืขื™ื•ื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉโ€ช .โ€ฌืคืขื•ืœืชื• ื”ืžื™ื™ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ื”ื™ื ึดื ื˜ืจื•ึผืœ ืื™ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ืฉื” ืื—ื“ ืื• ื™ื•ืชืจ (ืขื™ืŸโ€ช ,โ€ฌืืฃโ€ช ,โ€ฌืคื”โ€ช,โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซืื•ื–ืŸโ€ช ,โ€ฌืขื•ืจ)โ€ช .โ€ฌื–ื• ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืื‘ืง ื”ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ืชโ€ช-โ€ฌื”ืืžื ื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืืžืŸ ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื‘ืœืชื™โ€ฌ โ€ซืืคืฉืจื™ื™ืโ€ช .โ€ฌื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ืžื•ืฉืš ืืช ืืคื™ ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื•โ€ช ,โ€ฌืกื•ืชื ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืื• ืคื™ื•ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌืžื•ืชื™ืจ ืืจื•ื‘ื•ืชโ€ช-โ€ฌืขื™ืŸ ื™ืชื•ืžื•ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌืžืฉืžื™ื˜โ€ฌ โ€ซืื•ื–ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืฉื—ื™ืช ืขื•ืจ โ€“ ื›ืœ ืคืขื•ืœื” ื›ืฉืจื” ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื ืชืง ืืช ื”ื“ืžื•ืช ืžื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื—ื•ืฉ ื•ืœืชืคื•ืก ืืชโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืชโ€ช .โ€ฌื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืžืฆื•ื˜ื˜ ื‘ืคืชื— ื”ืžืืžืจโ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• โ€œืขื•ืฉื” ืฆื“ืงโ€ ืขื ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืชื™ื•โ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซืฆื•ืจื” ื ื•ืกืคืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌื ืคืœืื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื“ืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืžืขืฆืžื• ืžื‘ืฆืข ื”ืฆื™ื™ืจ ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืฆื•ื•ืืจื•ืŸ ืžืกื•ืœืกืœโ€ฌ โ€ซืจื—ื‘ (โ€ช ,)ruffโ€ฌืžืขื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื ื”ื•ื’ ืœืœื‘ื•ืฉ ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื” ื‘ืžืื•ืช ื”โ€ช 16-โ€ฌืขื“ ื”โ€ช .17-โ€ฌืงื•ื˜ืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืืจื•ืŸโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืจื—ื‘ ื›ืžื• ืขื•ืจืฃ ืืช ื”ืจืืฉ ืžื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื’ื•ืจื ืœื ืชืง ื—ื–ื•ืชื™ ืกืžืœื™ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ืโ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซืžื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืœ ื”ืื™ื‘ืจื™ื ื”ืžื•ืฉื—ืชื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืงื ืื•ืช ืืœื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ืขื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“โ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื•โ€ฌ โ€ซื”ื ื•ืกืฃโ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ืœืโ€ช-โ€ฌืคื™ื–ื™โ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ืฉืžื™ืจืช ืชืงื™ื ื•ืช ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ื”ืงื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื˜โ€ช .โ€ฌื”ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ืงืื™ ื•ื”ื”ื•ื’ื” ื”ืฆืจืคืชื™โ€ฌ โ€ซื“ื™ื“ื™ื™ื” ืื ื–ื™ื™ื” (โ€ช 7)Anzieuโ€ฌืคื™ืชื— ืืช ืžื•ืฉื’ ื”โ€œืื ื™ โ€ช -โ€ฌืขื•ืจโ€ (โ€ช ,)skin-egoโ€ฌื”ืžืžืฉื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืขื•ืจโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืขื•ื˜ืฃ ืืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืœโ€œืื ื™โ€ ื”ืขื•ื˜ืฃ ืืช ืžื ื’ื ื•ืŸ ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ืžื’ืŸ ืขืœื™ื•โ€ช .โ€ฌื›ืšโ€ช ,โ€ฌื›ืฉื”ืฆื™ื™ืจ ืคื•ืจืฅ ืืช ืžืขื˜ืคืชโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืขื•ืจ ื•ืคื•ืฆืข ืื•ืชื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื–ื•ื”ื™ ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื”ืคืจืช ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ื”ืงื™ื•ื ื”ืชืงื™ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืคืจื˜; ืขื•ืจ ืคื ื™ื ืื›ื•ืœโ€ช ,โ€ฌืžืฉืžืขโ€ฌ โ€ซื ืคืฉ ืื›ื•ืœื”โ€ช .โ€ฌืœื ื ื“ืจืฉ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืืฉืจ ืžื‘ื˜ ืื—ื“ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืงื ืื•ืช ืืœื• ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื ืคืฉืŸ ื”ืคื’ื•ืขื”โ€ฌ โ€ซืฉืœ ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื•ืชโ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซืื—ืช ืžื’ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ื”ื™ื ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ ืื“ื™ืจ ื”ืžืžื“ื™ื (ื›โ€ช 13 -โ€ฌืžื˜ืจื™ืโ€ฌ โ€ซืื•ืจื›ื• ื•โ€ช 2.20-โ€ฌืžื˜ืจื™ื ื’ื•ื‘ื”ื•) ืชื–ืžื•ืจืช ืืจื’ืžืŸ (โ€ช 8.)2011โ€ฌื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ ืžืื›ืœืก ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœโ€ช 50-โ€ฌื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื’ื‘ืจื™ืโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืžืฆื˜ื•ืคืคื™ื ื™ื—ื“โ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ืงื•ืžืคื•ื–ื™ืฆื™ื” ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ืชื ื•ื—ื•ืช ืขืžื™ื“ื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื™ืฉื™ื‘ื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื›ืจื™ืขื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉื›ื™ื‘ื” ื•ื ืคื™ืœื”โ€ช,โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื•ื ื•ื˜ืœื™ื ื—ืœืง ื‘ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืคืขื•ืœืช ื”ืื›ื™ืœื”โ€ช .โ€ฌื–ื”ื• ืžื™ืŸ ืžืฉืชื” ืžื•ื–ืจ ื•ื—ืกืจ ืจืกืŸโ€ช,โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซืฉื‘ื• ื”ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ืžื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืœืื›ื•ืœ ื”ืื—ืช ืืช ืจืขื•ืชื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ื–ื• ื‘ื–ื•โ€ช ,โ€ฌื’ื•ืคื™ื”ืŸ ื”ื•ื•ืจื“ืจื“ื™ื ื ืฆืžื“ื™ืโ€ฌ โ€ซ__________________________โ€ฌ โ€ซโ€ช 6โ€ฌื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืืžืŸ ื”ื ืžืชื•ืš ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืžื—ื‘ืจโ€ช ,โ€ฌืชืœโ€ช-โ€ฌืื‘ื™ื‘โ€ช ,โ€ฌืืคืจื™ืœโ€ช-โ€ฌืžืื™ โ€ช.2012โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซโ€ช 7โ€ฌืจ ื“ื™ื“ื™ื™ื” ืื ื–ื™ื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื”โ€œืื ื™โ€ช-โ€ฌืขื•ืจโ€โ€ช ,โ€ฌืชืจื’ื•ืโ€ช :โ€ฌืื•ืจื™ืช ืจื•ื–ืŸ (ืชืœโ€ช-โ€ฌืื‘ื™ื‘โ€ช :โ€ฌืชื•ืœืขืช ืกืคืจื™ืโ€ช.)2004 ,โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซโ€ช 8โ€ฌื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื”ื•ืฆื’ ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ืชืขืจื•ื›ื” โ€œโ€ช ,โ€Paint it Black on the White Nightโ€ฌืฉื ืขืจื›ื” ื‘โ€ชIkona Gallery-โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืชืขืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื”ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืื ืœื” ืฉืœ ื•ื ืฆื™ื”โ€ช.2011 ,โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซโ€™โ€ฌ


โ€ซื’ื™ืœื” ื›ื™ ืื—ื™ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ื—ื™ืœืง ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ืฉืงื™ื‘ืœื• ืœืจืฉื•ืชืโ€ช .โ€ฌื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจ ื›ืคื™ื•โ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœื• ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืกโ€ฌ โ€ซืืช ื”ืืฉโ€ช 4.โ€ฌืื ื›ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœื• ืืช ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื—ื–ื•ืช ืืช ืขืชื™ื“ื•โ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ื—ืจ ืฉืœื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌื›ื“ื™โ€ฌ โ€ซืฉืœื ื™ื“ืข ื”ืื“ื ืืช ื™ื•ื ืžื•ืชื• ื•ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืš ื™ืื‘ื“ ืชืงื•ื•ื”โ€ช .โ€ฌื‘ื ื•ืกืฃโ€ช ,โ€ฌืœืคื™ ื”ืžื—ื–ืื™ ื”ื™ื•ื•ื ื™ ืื™ื™ืกื›ื™ืœื•ืกโ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉื”ืงื“ื™ืฉโ€ฌ โ€ซืœื“ืžื•ืชื• ื˜ืจื™ืœื•ื’ื™ื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ืขื ื™ืง ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก ืœืื“ื ืืช ื”ืžื“ืขื™ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ืืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื”ื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืชโ€ช .โ€ฌื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืžื™ืชื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ื ืžืฉืš ื‘ืžืจื™ื‘ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื™โ€ช-โ€ฌื”ืื“ื ื•ื”ืืœื™ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉื”ืชื’ืœืขื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื–ืื•ืก ื“ืจืฉ ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื›ื” ืจื‘ื™ืโ€ช,โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซืขื“ ื›ื™ ืœื ื ืฉืืจ ื‘ืฉืจ ืœืžืื›ืœ ืœื‘ื ื™โ€ช-โ€ฌื”ืื“ืโ€ช .โ€ฌืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืกโ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉื ื‘ื—ืจ ืœืฉืžืฉ ื›ื‘ื•ืจืจโ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืœื–ืื•ืก ืฉืชื™ ืžื ื•ืชโ€ฌ โ€ซืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื”โ€ช :โ€ฌื”ืื—ืช ื›ืœืœื” ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ืขื˜ื•ืฃ ื‘ืื™ื‘ืจื™ื ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌื•ื”ืื—ืจืช โ€“ ืขืฆืžื•ืช ื”ืขื˜ื•ืคื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืžืŸโ€ฌ โ€ซืžื‘ืจื™ืงโ€ช .โ€ฌื–ืื•ืก ื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ืžื ืช ื”ืขืฆืžื•ืช ื”ื˜ืขื™ืžื” ืœืžืจืื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื•ื›ืš ื”ื•ื—ืœื˜ ื›ื™ ื‘ืขืช ื”ืงืจื‘ืช ืงื•ืจื‘ื ื•ืช ื™ื•ึผืชืจ ื”ื‘ืฉืจโ€ฌ โ€ซืœืžืื›ืœ ื‘ื ื™โ€ช-โ€ฌื”ืื“ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ืขืฆืžื•ืช ื™ื•ืขื ืงื• ืœืืœื™ืโ€ช .โ€ฌื–ืื•ืกโ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉื–ืขื ืขืœ ื”ืคื— ืฉื˜ืžืŸ ืœื• ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืกโ€ช,โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืขื ื™ืฉ ืืช ื‘ื ื™โ€ช-โ€ฌื”ืื“ื ื‘ืฉื•ืœืœื• ืžื”ื ืืช ื”ืืฉโ€ช .โ€ฌืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก ื—ืฉ ืจื—ืžื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ื•ืชื™ื•โ€ช ,โ€ฌื’ื ื‘ ื ื™ืฆื•ืฅ ืืฉโ€ฌ โ€ซืžื’ืœื’ืœื™ื” ืฉืœ ืžืจื›ื‘ืช ื”ืฉืžืฉ ื‘ืื•ืœื™ืžืคื•ืก ื•ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืœื‘ื ื™โ€ช-โ€ฌื”ืื“ื ืืช ื”ืœื”ื‘ื”โ€ช .โ€ฌืขืœ ื›ืš ื ืขื ืฉ ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืกโ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื”โ€ช :โ€ฌื”ื•ื ื ืงืฉืจ ืœืฆื•ืง ื‘ื”ืจื™ ื”ืงื•ื•ืงื–โ€ช ,โ€ฌืœืฉื ืžื’ื™ืข ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื ืขื™ื˜ ื”ืžื ืงืจ ืืช ื›ื‘ื“ื•โ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉืžื—ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื”ืœืšโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืœื™ืœื” ืจืง ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื ื•ืงืจ ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืžื—ืจืช ื”ื™ื•ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌื•ื—ื•ื–ืจ ื—ืœื™ืœื”โ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ื›ื™ ืขืœื™ืœื” ื–ื• ื”ื™ื ืžืคืชื— ืœืงืจื™ืืช ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžื™ืงืœื” ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื•โ€ช ,โ€ฌื•ื›ื™ ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื•โ€ฌ โ€ซืฉืœ ืžืคืชื— ื–ื” ืœืœืžื“ ืขืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ืขื•ื“ื• ืžืืคืฉืจ ืคืจืฉื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืชโ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก (โ€ช )2009โ€ฌืžืชืืจ ื’ื‘ืจ ื”ืžืงืฉื™ืช ืืช ื’ื‘ื• ืœืื—ื•ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื—ืœืœ ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“โ€ช .โ€ฌื‘ื™ื“ื• ื”ืื—ืชโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ื•ื ืื•ื—ื– ื‘ืžื–ืœื’โ€ช ,โ€ฌืคืจื™ื˜ ื”ืฉื‘ ื•ืžื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืืžืŸโ€ช ,โ€ฌื•ืขืœ ื‘ื˜ื ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ืฉืชื™โ€ฌ โ€ซื™ื•ื ื™ืโ€ช .โ€ฌื”ืื—ืช ืžืžืชื™ื ื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื—ื‘ืจืชื” ืžื ืงืจืช ื•ืคื•ืฆืขืช ืืช ื‘ืฉืจื• ืฉืœ ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจโ€ช .โ€ฌื–ื”ื• ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืกโ€ฌ โ€ซื“ื”ื™ื•ืโ€ช .โ€ฌื”ื•ื ืื™ื ื• ื›ื‘ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืจื™ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌื•ืื™ื ื• ื ืจืื” ื›ืื“ื ื ื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื“ืข ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื˜ืจื ืžืขืฉื”โ€ช .โ€ฌื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ืจื•ื ื™โ€ฌ โ€ซื•ืžืงื‘ืจื™ ืขื“ ื›ืื‘โ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ื•ื ืžืžืชื™ืŸ ืฉื™ื’ื™ืข ืชื•ืจื• ืฉืœื• ืœืื›ื•ืœ ืืช ืื™ื‘ืจื™ื• ื”ืคื ื™ืžื™ื™ืโ€ช .โ€ฌื›ืš ื’ื ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃโ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ืกื“ืจื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื—ื“ืจ ื”ื”ืžืชื ื” ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก (โ€ช ,)2010โ€ฌืฉื‘ื• ื ืจืื” ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉื•ื›ื‘ ืคืจืงื“ืŸ ืชื—ืช ื›ื™ืกืโ€ฌ โ€ซืฉืขืœื™ื• ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ื—ืžืฉ ื™ื•ื ื™ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌื•ื™ื•ื ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืขืœ ื‘ืจื›ื•โ€ช .โ€ฌื–ื”ื• ืจื’ืข ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ืžื•ืชื—โ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ื‘ื—ื™ื ืช โ€œื”ืฉืงื˜ ืฉืœืคื ื™โ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืกืขืจื”โ€ โ€“ ืื•ืชื” ืกืขืจื” ื”ืžืชื•ืืจืช ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ื“ืโ€ช .โ€ฌื›ืืŸโ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœื’ื‘ืจ ื”ืงืคื•ึผืฅโ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืจื•ืข ืขืœโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืจืฆืคื” ื•ื”ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื˜ืจื ื ื™ืงืจื• ืืช ื‘ื˜ื ื•โ€ช .โ€ฌืืคืฉืจ ื›ื™ ื”โ€œืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”โ€ ื”ื ื›ืชื‘ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื™ ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ืžืงื‘ื™ืœื”โ€ฌ โ€ซืœโ€œืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืกโ€ ืฉื”ืœื—ื™ืŸ ืคืจื ืฅ ืฉื•ื‘ืจื˜ (โ€ช )Schubertโ€ฌื‘โ€ช ,1819-โ€ฌืœืžื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื• ืฉืœ ื’ืชื” (โ€ช5.)Goetheโ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื–ื”ื• ืฉื™ืจ ื“ืจืžื˜ื™ ืžืื•ื“ ื•ื—ืžื•ืจ ืกื‘ืจโ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ื—ืจื™ืฃ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืงื˜ืข ื”ืžื•ึผืฉืจ ืขืœ ืžื™ ืžื ื•ื—ื•ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ืื•ื•ื™ืจืชโ€ฌ โ€ซึถืœื’ ึนโ€ฌ โ€ซึธื˜ื• ืžืชืžืฉื›ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื“ื™ืขืชื• ื”ื—ื“ื” ื‘ืงื•ืœ ื‘ืก ืขืžื•ืงโ€ช .โ€ฌื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ื–ื” โ€œื ืฉืžืขโ€ ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœืคื ื™ื ื•โ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ืžืจื›ื– ืกื“ืจืช ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ื”ื‘ืื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ืžื›ื•ื ื” ื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌืขื•ืžื“ ื”ื‘ืฉืจ โ€“ ื’ื•ืฉ ื‘ืฉืจ ื—ื™โ€ช ,โ€ฌื—ืฉื•ืฃโ€ฌ โ€ซื•ืžื“ืžืโ€ช .โ€ฌื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ืจืืฉื•ืŸโ€ช ,โ€ฌืืœื• ื”ื ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ืคืฉื˜ื™ื ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸโ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉื ื”ื ื™ื ืžื—ื•ืคืฉื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื•ื•ื” ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ืชโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืืžืŸโ€ช ,โ€ฌืืš ืžื‘ื˜ื• ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ืคื” ืžื–ื”ื” ื‘ื”ื ืืช ืœื™ื˜ืจืช ื”ื‘ืฉืจ ื”ืื“ื•ื ื”ืžื•ื ื—ืชืขืœโ€ฌ โ€ซืฆืœื—ืช ืขื’ื•ืœื”โ€ช .โ€ฌื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ืžื’ื™ืฉ ืœืฆื•ืคื” ืืช ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืฉืจ ื›ืคื™ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืฉ ืื•ืชืŸ ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก ืœื–ืื•ืกโ€ช,โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ืœื”ื˜ืขื•ืชื•โ€ช .โ€ฌืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ืชโ€ช-โ€ฌื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ืžื ื™ื— ื—ื•ืœื™ื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ื‘ืฉืจืฉืช ื”ืฆื™ื™ืจื™ืโ€ฌ โ€ซืฉื”ืฉืชืชืคื• ื‘โ€œื—ื’ื™ื’ืช ื”ื‘ืฉืจโ€ ื”ื–ื•โ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ืจืžื‘ืจื ื“ื˜ (โ€ช ,)Rembrandtโ€ฌืคืจื ืกื™ืกืงื• ื’ื•ื™ื” (โ€ช,)Goyaโ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซ__________________________โ€ฌ โ€ซโ€ช 4โ€ฌื’ืจืกื” ืื—ืจืช ืžืกืคืจืช ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื ื ืฆื˜ื•ื• ืœื—ืœืง ืžืชื ื•ืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจื™ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื—ื™ืœืง ืืคื™ืžืชืื•ืก ืืช ื›ื•ืœืŸโ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ืขื ื™ืงโ€ฌ โ€ซืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก ืœืื“ื ื—ืกืจ ื”ื™ืฉืข ืืช ื”ืืฉโ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซโ€ชโ€œ 5โ€ฌืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืกโ€โ€ช D674 ,โ€ฌื‘ืžืกืคื•ืจ ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœ ืฉื•ื‘ืจื˜โ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ


โ€ซืžื™ืงืœื” ื‘ื•ึผื‘ืืงื•โ€ช :โ€ฌื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœ ื‘ืฉืจโ€ฌ โ€ซึธืืคึนืจโ€ชึธ -โ€ฌืœ ึธื‘ืŸ ึน ึถืฉืœโ€ฌ โ€ซึดืž ึนโ€ฌ โ€ซื“ืจื•ืŸ ืจื’ ึนึถืฉโ€ฌ โ€ซึนโ€‹ึนโ€ฌ โ€ซึธื—ืคื•ึผ ึน ืจโ€ฌ โ€ซึนโ€ฌ โ€ซื™ืžื”โ€ชึน ,โ€ฌื“ื’ึทืŸโ€ชึน -โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื—ื•ืฃโ€ฌ โ€ซึนึธื‘ ึธืืจืฅ ึผึฐืค ึดื  ึธโ€ฌ โ€ซึนโ€‹ึนโ€ฌ โ€ซึนโ€ฌ โ€ซื ื•ืฉืฃโ€ฌ โ€ซึปืฉื‘ ึฐืœ ึธื›ืืŸ ึน ึน ึตโ€ฌ โ€ซึน ึถืฉ ึนื  ึน ึนึทโ€ฌ โ€ซื“ื’ ึตืžื™ ึนโ€ฌ โ€ซื—ื•ืœ ึทืขืœ ึผึฐืคื ึตื™โ€ฌ โ€ซึนึฐโ€ฌ โ€ซึธืข ึน ึธืฉืŸ ึน ึถืฉืœ ึน ึดืฉื™ืจื™ ึฐึนื‘ ึตื ึนโ€ฌ โ€ซืจื•ืชโ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซึนโ€ฌ โ€ซึนโ€‹ึนโ€ฌ โ€ซึผืชื” ึฐึนื›ืจื• ึผ ื™ึธื”โ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซืึนื–ึถืŸ ึฐึนื›ืจื• ึธโ€ฌ โ€ซืขื•ืชโ€ช-โ€ฌืจืฆ ึผื• ึน ึนโ€ฌ โ€ซึทืขื™ึดืŸ ึฒื—ืช ึผื• ึน ึธื›ื” ืจืฆ ึผื• ึน ึนโ€ฌ โ€ซืขื•ืชโ€ฌ โ€ซึนโ€ฌ โ€ซึน ึธึนโ€ฌ โ€ซืขื•ืฉื” ึถืฆื“ืง ึดืขื ึนึธื›ืœ ื–ึถื”โ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซึนโ€‹ึน ึนโ€ฌ โ€ซืฆืœืืŸ)โ€ช1โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซ(ืคืื•ืœโ€ฌ โ€ซื™ืง ึถืœื” ึนื‘ ึผื• ึน ึธึนื‘ ึนโ€ฌ โ€ซืืงื• (โ€ช )Bubaccoโ€ฌื”ื•ื ืืงื–ื™ืกื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ืกื˜โ€ช .โ€ฌื”ืฆื™ื™ืจ ื”ืื™ื˜ืœืงื™ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื—ืจื“ ืœืื“ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌืžื›ื™ืจโ€ฌ โ€ซึดืž ึถโ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ืงื™ื•ืžื• ื”ืขื’ื•ื ื•ืžืงื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื• ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ื•โ€ช ,โ€ฌืงื™ื ื” ืฉื”ื™ื ื’ื ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืœืœ ืœืขืœื™ื‘ื•ืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™โ€ช ,โ€ฌืขืœโ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ืฉืจื• ื•ื–ืžื ื™ื•ืชื•โ€ช .โ€ฌื”ืื“ื ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืจื•ื™ ื‘ื—ืจื“ื” ืชืžื™ื“ื™ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌื—ืจื“ืช ืงื™ื•ื ื•ืžื•ื•ืชโ€ช .โ€ฌื–ื• ืขืžื“ื” ืืงื–ื™ืกื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ืชโ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ืกื™ืกื™ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉื‘ื” ื‘ื•ื—ืจ ื”ืืžืŸ ืœื ืงื•ื˜โ€ช 2.โ€ฌืขืœ ืคื™ ืกืืจื˜ืจโ€ช ,โ€ฌืงื™ื•ืžื• ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ืงื•ื“ื ืœืžื”ื•ืชื•โ€ช :โ€ฌืจืืฉื™ืช ื”ื•ืโ€ฌ โ€ซืงื™ื™ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌื•ืื• ืื– ื—ื•ืจื’ ืืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื•ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœืขืฆืžื• ืžื”ื•ืชโ€ช 3.โ€ฌืžืขืœ ื”ืงื™ื•ื ื”ื ืชื•ืŸโ€ช-โ€ฌืžืจืืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืžืจื—ืคื™ืโ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ื”ืžื•ื•ืช ื•ื“ืจื›ื• ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ืืœื™ื•โ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžื™ืชื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืฉืœ ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก ืžืื™ืจ ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ืจื‘ื” ืืช ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื•โ€ช,โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืฉ ืœื”ื™ื“ืจืฉ ืืœื™ื• ื˜ืจื ื”ื“ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื•โ€ช .โ€ฌืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก (ืฉืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืžื• โ€œื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืžืจืืฉโ€โ€ช,โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซืื• ื›ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจื™โ€ชโ€œ ,โ€ฌืกื•ืฃ ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืชื—ื™ืœื”โ€) ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื™ื˜ืืŸโ€ช ,โ€ฌืืฉืจ ื‘ืขืช ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืืœื™ืโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืื•ืœื™ืžืคื™ื™ื ื‘ื˜ื™ื˜ืื ื™ื (ื”ื•ืจื™ ื”ืืœื™ื ื•ืงื•ื“ืžื™ื”ื) ืœื ื”ืชื™ื™ืฆื‘ ืœืฆื“ ื‘ื ื™ ืžื™ื ื•โ€ช .โ€ฌืœืื—ืจ ื ืฆื—ื•ื ื ืฉืœโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืืœื™ื ื”ื˜ื™ืœ ื–ืื•ืกโ€ช ,โ€ฌื›ืขืช ืžืœืš ื”ืืœื™ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌืžืฉื™ืžื” ืขืœ ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก ื•ืื—ื™ื• ืืคื™ืžืชืื•ืก (ืฉืžืฉืžืขื•ืชโ€ฌ โ€ซืฉืžื• ื”ืคื•ื›ื”โ€ชโ€œ :โ€ฌืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืœืื—ืจ ืžืขืฉื”โ€)โ€ช ,โ€ฌืœืื›ืœืก ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœืโ€ช .โ€ฌืœืฉื ื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื–ื•โ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืขื ื™ืง ืœื”ื ื–ืื•ืก ืžืชื ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ ืคืจื•ื•ื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื˜ืœืคื™ื™ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌื›ื ืคื™ื™ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืขื•ื“โ€ช .โ€ฌืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ืงื“ื™ืฉโ€ฌ โ€ซื–ืžืŸ ืจื‘ ืœืžื—ืฉื‘ื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ืจื ืคืจื•ืžืชืื•ืก ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืืœื™ื โ€“ ื”ืื“ืโ€ช .โ€ฌืืš ื›ืฉืกื™ื™ื ืืช ืžืœืื›ืชื•โ€ช,โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซ__________________________โ€ฌ โ€ซโ€™โ€ฌ

โ€ซโ€ช1โ€ฌืคืื•ืœ ืฆืœืืŸโ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉื™ืจ ืžืชื•ืš ืกื•ืจื’โ€ช-โ€ฌืฉืคื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌืชืจื’ื•ืโ€ช :โ€ฌืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื–ื ื“ื‘ื ืง (ืชืœโ€ช-โ€ฌืื‘ื™ื‘โ€ช :โ€ฌื”ืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“โ€ช ,)1994 ,โ€ฌืขืž โ€ช.64โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซโ€ช 2โ€ฌื– ืืŸโ€ช-โ€ฌืคื•ืœ ืกืืจื˜ืจโ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ืืงื–ื™ืกื˜ื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื–ื ื”ื•ื ื”ื•ืžื ื™ื–ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌืชืจื’ื•ืโ€ช :โ€ฌื™ืขืงื‘ ื’ื•ืœื•ืžื‘ (ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ืโ€ช :โ€ฌื›ืจืžืœโ€ช ,)1988 ,โ€ฌืขืž โ€ช.16โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซโ€ช 3โ€ฌืฉืโ€ช ,โ€ฌืขืž โ€ช.13โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซโ€™โ€ฌ

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โ€ซโ€™โ€ฌ


162x114 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื ื™ื™ืจโ€ฌ,2011 ,โ€ซื”ืขืœื™ื™ื”โ€ฌ The Ascent, 2011, oil on paper, 162x114


โ€ซืคืชื—โ€ช-โ€ฌื“ื‘ืจโ€ฌ โ€ซืžื™ืงืœื” ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ื”ื•ื ืฆื™ื™ืจ ืื•ื˜ื•ื“ื™ื“ืงื˜โ€ช ,โ€ฌื™ืœื™ื“ ื”ืื™ ืžื•ืจืื ื• ืฉื‘ื•ื•ื ืฆื™ื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌืฉื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ ื•ืขื•ื‘ื“ ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ืโ€ช .โ€ฌื”ืื™โ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืชืคืจืกื ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉื•ื‘ื—ืช ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื” ื‘ื• ื”ื—ืœ ื‘ืžืื” ื”โ€ช .13-โ€ฌื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ืืžื ื•ืชื™ืชโ€ฌ โ€ซืฉืคื™ืชื— ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ื ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืชื™ื” ืฉืœ ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌืื•ืชืŸ ืกืคื’ ืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื• ื•ืžืื‘ื™ื•โ€ช ,โ€ฌืืžืŸ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืชโ€ฌ โ€ซืœื•ืฆโ€™ื™ื• ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื•โ€ช .โ€ฌืœืื—ืจ ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื•ืจ ืืฆืœ ื”ืฆื™ื™ืจ ื”ื•ื•ื ืฆื™ืื ื™ ืืœืกื ื“ืจื• ืจื•ืกื™ (โ€ช )Rossiโ€ฌื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืฉื ื™ืโ€ฌ โ€ซโ€ช 2004-2002โ€ฌื•ื”ืฉืชืœืžื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชื›ืช ื–ื›ื•ื›ื™ืช ืืฆืœ ื”ืืžื ื™ืช ืžืจื™ื ื“ื™ ืคื™ื•ืจื” (โ€ช )Di Fioreโ€ฌื‘โ€ช ,2005-โ€ฌืคืชื—โ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ืกื˜ื•ื“ื™ื• ื‘ืžื•ืจืื ื• ื•ื”ื—ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชืชืฃ ื‘ืชืขืจื•ื›ื•ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ืื™ื˜ืœื™ื” ื•ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืจื•ืคื”โ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸโ€ฌ โ€ซื”ืฆื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื•ืจ ื”ืžื•ื ื•ืžื ื˜ืœื™ ืชื–ืžื•ืจืช ืืจื’ืžืŸ ื‘ืชืขืจื•ื›ืช ืœื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื‘ื™ืื ืœื” ืฉืœ ื•ื ืฆื™ื”โ€ช.2011 ,โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืืช ืžื™ืงืœื” ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ืœืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืœืคื ื™ ื›ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื‘ืกื˜ื•ื“ื™ื• ืฉืœื• ื‘ืžื•ืจืื ื• ื•ื”ืชืจืฉืžืชื™โ€ฌ โ€ซืขืžื•ืงื•ืช ืžื™ืฆื™ืจืชื•โ€ช .โ€ฌื‘ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื›ืšโ€ช ,โ€ฌื”ื—ืœื” ื’ืœืจื™ื” ืœื™ื˜ื‘ืง ืœืœื•ื•ืช ืืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื•โ€ช .โ€ฌื”ืชืขืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ื’ืœืจื™ื” ื”ื™ืโ€ฌ โ€ซืชืขืจื•ื›ืช ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืืžืŸ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœโ€ช .โ€ฌื”ื™ื ืžืžืงื“ืช ืืช ื”ืžื‘ื˜ ื‘ืกื“ืจื•ืช ืžืชื•ืš ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืชื™ื• ืฉืœโ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื• ื‘ื—ืžืฉ ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืชโ€ช ,โ€ฌืœืจื‘ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื™ืฆืจ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ืฉื”ื•ืชื• ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืฉืงื“ืžื•โ€ฌ โ€ซืœืชืขืจื•ื›ื”โ€ช .โ€ฌื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืžื“ื™ื ืžืชื›ืชื‘ื•ืช ืขื ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื” ืฉืœ ื•ื ืฆื™ื” ื›ืžืจื›ื– ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™โ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ืขืœ ืืคื™ื•ื ื™ื ื”ื“ื•ื ื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ืโ€ช ,โ€ฌื‘ืฉืคื” ืฆื™ื•ืจื™ืช ืืงืกืคืจืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžื‘ื™ืขื” ืžื•ืขืงื” ื•ืืฃ ืืœื™ืžื•ืช ื”ื›ืจื•ื›ื”โ€ฌ โ€ซื‘ืขื•ื ื’โ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซื›ื•ืœื™ ืชืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืชื”ื ื• ืžืŸ ื”ืชืขืจื•ื›ื”โ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ

โ€ซืžื•ืœื™ ืœื™ื˜ื‘ืงโ€ฌ


120x120 ,โ€ซ ืฉืžืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ื“โ€ฌ,2012 ,II โ€ซื”ืกืขื•ื“ื”โ€ฌ The Meal II, 2012, oil on canvas, 120x120


โ€ซืืคื•ืจืœื‘ืŸโ€ช :โ€ฌืžื™ืงืœื” ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื•โ€ฌ


โ€ซืืคื•ืจืœื‘ืŸโ€ช :โ€ฌืžื™ืงืœื” ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื•โ€ฌ โ€ซืคืชื™ื—ื”โ€ช :โ€ฌื™ื•ื ื—ืžื™ืฉื™โ€ช 28 ,โ€ฌื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ โ€ช2012โ€ฌโ€ฌ

โ€ซืงื˜ืœื•ื’โ€ช:โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซืขืจื™ื›ื”โ€ช :โ€ฌืžื™ื˜ืœ ืžื ื•ืจโ€ฌ โ€ซืžืืžืจโ€ช :โ€ฌืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื˜ื•ืฉโ€ฌ โ€ซืขืจื™ื›ืช ืžืืžืจ ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืชโ€ช :โ€ฌืขื™ื ืช ืขื“ื™โ€ฌ โ€ซโ€™โ€ฌ

โ€ซืชืจื’ื•ื ืœืื ื’ืœื™ืชโ€ช :โ€ฌืžืจื’ ืจื™ ืžื•ืจื’ืŸโ€ฌ โ€ซืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืงื˜ืœื•ื’โ€ช :โ€ฌื ืœื™ ืœื•ื™ืŸโ€ฌ โ€ซืฆื™ืœื•ืโ€ช :โ€ฌืื ื” ืœื•ื˜ ื“ื•ื ื“ืœโ€ฌ โ€ซืœื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ื”ื“ืคืกื”โ€ช :โ€ฌื—ืœืคื™ ื”ื•ืฆืืช ืกืคืจื™ ืืžื ื•ืชโ€ฌ

โ€ซื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืกโ€œืžโ€ช ,โ€ฌื’ื•ื‘ื” โ€ช Xโ€ฌืจื•ื—ื‘โ€ฌ โ€ซื›ืœ ื”ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืžื•ืจื•ืชโ€ช.โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซืžื’ื“ืœ ื”ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸโ€ฌ โ€ซืจื—ื™ ื‘ืจืงื•ื‘ื™ืฅ โ€ช ,4โ€ฌืชืœโ€ช-โ€ฌืื‘ื™ื‘โ€ฌ โ€ซโ€ช03-6959496โ€ฌโ€ฌ โ€ซโ€ชwww.litvakcontemporary.comโ€ฌโ€ฌ


โ€ซืืคื•ืจืœื‘ืŸโ€ฌ โ€ซืžื™ืงืœื” ื‘ื•ื‘ืืงื•โ€ฌ


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