Apply for MLA at University of Edinburgh

LI YAN Portfolio

2021

Apply for Master in Landscape Architecture at Universit y of Edinburgh

EDUCATION 2017.8 -2021.6 +Pennsylvania State University | University Park, PA Landscape Architecture, Bachelor, GPA 3.33/4.0 WORKSHOP & RESEARCH 2020.2

+ Landscape Materiality: 3X3 Documentation | Directed by Lisa Durussel & Marc Miller

Iteration and investigation through material fabrication Highest score Material performance through iterative design process

2020.12

+ Ecofeminism as A New Way of Thinking| Instructor: Lauren Sosa

Ecofeminism research in landscape architecture

2020.4

+ Children Development | Instructor: Bonj Szczygiel Outdoor playground environmental research EXPERIENCE

2019.5-7

+ Atkins | Shenzhen, China Landscape Architecture & Urban Planning Intern Assisted in: Created multiple strategies, calculated building density on urban planning and conceptual riverfront & cityscape landscape design; Project: Cedar Guangzhou Huangpu Hongshengsha, Guangzhou Collect & analysis city standards and guidelines, site analysis diagram, and graphic presentation for conference Beihai cruise port project

2018.7-8

+ Senhe Group Co.,Ltd | Hangzhou, China Landscape Architecture Intern Assisted in: 27770 ft² flower tapestry and modeling 3D flower theme arch Project: The 18th China Zhongyuan flower exposition, reported by CCTV news Slop planting and plants selection in city entrance design + Hangzhou Kelong Electrical Appliance Tool Co., Ltd | Hangzhou, China Project Manager: Setup project manage team Leader of two assembly line, control and keep task on track

2017.5-8

EXTRA CURRICULAR ACTIVITIES 2020

+College of A&A Student Council

Aid in the artistic and creative pursuits

2020

+Pittsburgh Studio: Hazelwood Community Engagement & Stakeholder Charrette

Investigate residents’ needs, site research

2019

+Landscape Architecture Student Society

Raise awareness about the profession through events such as parking day

2019

+World Conversation Dialogue Moderator

To support & manage dialogues that allow people to “think together” across borders

2019

+Sirius Music Club

Personal Statement (Summary) Focus Interests/vision I explored the vision of the future landscape and addressed urban landscape transformation, which uses affordable, accessible, and sustainable energy to drive development to reduce resource demand and environmental impacts. My project ‘Into the cooling’ was a successful design that used wind tower and rainwater to create a cooling microclimate that requires zero energy in the urban area. The future urban landscape calls for newer infrastructure that can create landscape spaces with economic, social values, especially in environmental, and meet local communities’ needs as more infill developments. Meanwhile, the urban landscape focuses on creating an integrated infrastructure that can coexist in a system and provide residents with various benefits in the future.

Previous experiences have strengthened my belief in landscape architecture’s magic power and affirmed my passion for it. I have achieved internal discovery from my previous study. I am looking forward to acquiring the external discovery, contexture my projects on a global scale, and pursuing landscape idea in the innovative sustainable realm through a higher education level. I am drawn to the University of Edinburgh because of its philosophy that design influences society aligns perfectly with my own beliefs and values. The open and free academic atmosphere at the University of

Edinburgh does not just nurture interdisciplinary programs, diverse thinking, and creative students, but also cultivates new forms of knowledge. An important milestone on my path to realization is becoming a leader in landscape architecture, wresting from the traditional and encourage enlightenment in the world. I wish to balance the relationships between the built and the live environment, with the research and considering of the economic, social, political, and cultural in my future landscape architecture projects.

I am prepared to welcome new challenges, embrace the experimental spirit, and explore the future landscape of innovative sustainable design. I will keep my original intention to keep curiosity and thinking through further exploration and eventually find my spot in the panorama of the landscape architecture industry. Upon graduation, with the study from the University of Edinburgh, I am sure I will have the knowledge, skills, and experiences necessary to passion with urban design to help human, society, and nature solve more conflicts and issues.

+International Fitness Club

SKILLS Adobe Suite, Lumion, V-ray, Grasshopper, Sketchup, Rhinoceros, Autocad, Twin Motion, ArcGIS MS Office, Hand Drafting/Modeling 01 •

• 02

00 Table of Contents

Urban Heat Mitigation 01. Play in Cool

|

Baltimore, Maryland

05

Forest Conservation 02. Take Off

|

Magombero nature reserve, Tanzania

17

Riverfront Recreation 03. Bartram’s Backyard | Philadelphia , Pennsylvania

31

Thermal Pollution Reduction 04. Flowing Water | Location: Myanmar Date: Aug 2019

State College, Pennsylvania

41

Other Works 05. Drawing and Photography | China, Myanmar, The United States

51

“The best way to predict the future is to invent it”

- Alan Kay

03 •

• 04

01 Play in Cool

An outdoor park that provides cooling for children to play, Baltimore MD Fall 2019 Individual Project Instructors: Marc Miller, Travis L Flohr

Urban heat island is a serious and growing threat to public health, and the warming climate only increases the problem. Baltimore’s urban area is covered with a high rate of impervious surface and fewer canopy trees, which raised the surface temperature, especially in the region with a high density of the imperious surface. Hot climate brings higher levels of pollutants into the air and triggers asthma symptoms, particularly in the children’s group.

My design aims to give back the outdoor playground to the neighborhood children by creating an exterior space where a region with a poorly built environment for high heat and a high asthma disease density. My design intent is to create a park that functions as an outdoor cooling space for children. So, children can play in a clean and pleasant outdoor environment during a hot summer day.

To materialize the climatic condition, the project is invented by a catalog of climatic devices, both natural and artificial. They function cooling and depolluting. These devices are classified into four elements: shade, water, wind, and depolluting. A healthy outdoor gathering space plays an influential role in enhancing big metropolitan cities’ well-being and health. It is an outdoor area where you can have a good time from the excessive heat; where you can relax from pollution and noise; where you can have fun in the open air with children.

05 •

• 06

Problem - urban heat island triggers asthma 9.4% US

8.6% US

37,6650 Asthma cases in Baltimore

=

12.4%

Proposed Greenway to School and Neighborhood

+

Adult cases

20% Children cases

10.5

$3,266

Missed days of school because of asthma

Cost of asthma

Analysis Focus - area which lack of environment for the heat of groups with more severe asthma problem, high poverty rate, high children rate Environment

Focus group

Location seeking

Highest temp in the city (95 -103°F)

Asthma hospitalization (4.0%-5.7%)

Suitable Area

Site selection

3 Suitable Parcels

50%

40%

Site Analysis Land Use Impervious Surface (>45% coverage)

30%

Canopy Cover (<35% coverage)

Lack of Environment for High Heat

Selected Site:

Vacant lot adjacent highland town elementary/middle school

Site Condition Residential Industry

School Commercial

Circulation 15%

Area Without Park

5%

07 •

Summer Sun (July)

Vacant Lots

30%

Age 3-17 (15% population)

Wind Direction (July)

Summer Wind

Street Scape

July Sun Path

Shade Analysis-10am, 12am, 2pm, 4pm and 6pm (July)

20%

Low House Income ($25,000-30,000)

10%

Bike Path Expose to Sun

No Canopy

No Attraction

Blocked

Worker Path

Two Way Road

Canopy Cover No Canopy Cover

• 08

Problem to Solution

Heat Transfer

Wind tower

Wind

Convection

28°C

35°C

Water cycling wind tower

Paved surfaces

Paving Form

37°C

37°C

37°C Breeze sitting

Lack of vegetation cover

Interactive fountain

Water

Heat

Breeze pool

Conduction

Summer sunlight

Urban heat island

Shade

Cooled De-polluted Enjoyable

Mist cooling mount

Conduction:

Loss heat by evaporation of water

Cooling Park Plan

Heat transfer from the hot skin to cooler air through direct contact

Convection:

Atom movement when its hot

Breeze facilitates convective heat loss from the skin

Ultrasonic speakers Stimulating nature sound

City noises Heat triggered chemical

Photocatalytic coating

Mosquito

De-polluting vegetation

Pollutants

De-polluting

Paving

10‘

Little Leaf Linden tree plaza

Heat-generating human actives

Architecture style

Evaporation:

Vegetation Fence

Breeze canopy Lighting Open lawn

Mount Wind Tower b

Rotating sit

Mist Cooling System

Parents amphitheater sitting Guardian amphitheater sitting

2.5’ Tree Pit Rotate Sitting 1-1.5’ Depth Pool Wind Tower a

Cooled Section a-a’

a’

a

Warm wind 10‘

Warm wind turn cool wind

Multi-functional canopy tents

1’ Depth pool

Off-site Building

b’

Dark Stone Steps Stepping Stone Multi-functional Canopy Tents Interactive Fountain Amphitheater Sitting Interactive Fountain Tree Plaza Stone Sitting

Stepping stone

Water collected from rain

Cool air

Spreading Board

50’

Ultrasound Speaker

10 ’

Bicycle Parking Concrete Paver White Permeable Paver Wind Tower a

Breeze Sitting Area

Tree Plaza

Breeze Pool

Lawn

b Section b-b’

10‘

Stone sitting Off-site building

Site Diagram

Raised mount

Circulation

Tree

Vegetation

View

Sound

Multiple entrances for different groups of people.

90% area is covered with fast growth and depolluting trees

60% area is covered with lawn and depolluting plants

50’ wind tower is visible to observe from far away

Stimulating nature sound that attracts neighbors.

50’

10 ’

Spreading board

Pedestrian

09 •

Two Way Road

Pedestrian Wind Tower b

Breeze Sitting Area

Tree Plaza

• 10

Heat 94 °F

84 °F Breeze

Tree Cover

Collects clean air from 50 feet air, through the wind tower, and give breeze to the ground.

7

8 Breeze Sitting

Deflection Wind Flow

9

22

Mist Cooling System

Produce fine droplets lowering the ambient temperature around the misted area

Mist Cooling Mount

Microclimate -Breeze sitting 6

H2O pump

Tree cover creating shadowed spaces

Plan

High Thermal Inertia Material

The ability of materials to store heat and give it off slowly, maintains a relatively fixed and comfortable temperature throughout the hot day

Material & Function Rotating Sit

Section

8’2” 2’0”

Bench

10

1’6” 11

Little Leaf Linden tree plaza Wind tower

12

Breeze canopy Mist cooling mount

13

17

Hollow Bench

+ Mount

Guardian Amphitheater Sitting

Interactive fountain Breeze pool ice rink

14 16

Depollted material

Canopy & Pool Breeze Sitting

”

6 24’

Dpollted plants

Littleleaf Linden Tree Plaza

Ulture sonic Sitting

Key Characteristic (Littleleaf Linden)

Growth Rate - in 5 years -13-24” per year

Mar Apr

Jan

Dec

Jun

12

July

Nov

9 Sep

11 •

Guardian Amphitheater Sitting

Mist Cooling Mount

Aug

14’4”

Highly tolerant of urban pollution.

Leaves are edible throughout spring, summer and fall

May

Oct

1 1’4” 8’ 6’

3

Feb

3’

6

Year 1

High Thermal Inertia Material

Education: Inspiration for many Polish legends and local medicines to relieve cough and heart problems.

Medium size: permits using it on sites with limited space (Urban) Smell: blend of honey and lemon peel; Stimulating smell to attract kids into the park on a summer day.

Open Lawn

Year 3

Year 5

Local reclaimed wood Comfortable to sit; Easy to replace; High thermal inertia.

Aluminum Lightweights; Cool touch; Higher strength-to-weight ratio than steel.

• 12

Pollution

Polluted

Less polluted

VOCs CO

CO2

CO C8H10

NOx CO2

C7H8

Stimulating Nature Sound

The sound of the city is emitted, stimulating water sound to neutralize the noise.

SO2

De-polluting Plants

TiO2 Photocatalytic Coating

Capture dust and pollution in the air

Shrub

Mosquito-free environment

7

Material - canopy tents

Key Species Wall Plant

Ultrasonic Speakers

The breeze canopy made of photocatalytic material which absorbs light to occur chemical reaction to decomposes several particles in the of the pollution in the air, meanwhile, provide shade and cooling (hydrologic cycle)

Canopy Placement - >70-85% 8

6

44’

Tree Cover

coverage on the hottest summer days 9

22

10

21

(Baltimore UTC-5 hours) 20

20’

2:00PM

11 12:00PM

1’

Common Ivy Hedera helix

Lady’s Mantles Alchemilla

Spider Plant Chlorophytum comosum

Devilwood Osmanthus

Wallflower Erysimum

European Hackberry Norway Maple Celtis australis Acer platanoides

Littleleaf Linden Tilia cordata

Turkey Oak Quercus laevis

19

Breeze canopy

June 18

Rebar Inner Structure

55’ 1’ Removable

Little Leaf Linden tree plaza Wind tower

12

Canopy tent

Mist cooling mount

13

17

Interactive fountain Breeze pool ice rink

14 16

stepping stone

Depollted material

July

Dpollted plants

Concrete

2’

Ulture sonic Sitting

White Stone Solid Polymer Sheet -Non-slip

TiO2 Photocatalytic Coating -Antimicrobial effect -Self cleaning -Long-life (>3 years)

Multi-purpose - scenarios of breeze pool

3

August

Breeze Pool Program

12

6

9

Cooling

Ice Rink

13 •

Gathering

Market

Exhibiting

Eating & Relaxing

3:00PM

Cooling

Ice Rink

Gathering

Market

Exhibiting

Eating

Gaming

Event

Gaming

Event

Winter

Spring

Fall

Summer Pool gathering Exhibting Gaming Ice rink Market Eating Event

• 14

16

16

161616

Depollted material Depollted Depollted Depollted material Depollted material material material Dpollted plants Dpollted Dpollted plants Dpollted Dpollted plants plants plants Ulture sonic Ulture sonic Ulture Ulture Ulture sonic sonic sonic A Cool Summer Park for a Hot City Day Sitting Sitting Sitting Sitting Sitting

3

3

I’m from a couple of blocks away; the tower is standing out from my window. And...Here I am.

3 33

I’m a student from Highland-town school. I just heard our science project exhibition location holds under the Breeze Canopy in the new cooling park.

And there will be a lot of visitors from the street!

I’m a biker; I always stop here to rest and enjoy the cool breeze during a hot summer day.

7 8

6

9

22

10

21

20

11

12 12

12

19

121212

Little Leaf Linden tree plaza Wind tower

6

Breeze canopy 18

6 66

Mist cooling mount

13

17

6

Interactive fountain Breeze pool ice rink

14 16

I’m a worker; the cooling park is my everyday stop for lunch.

Depollted material I’m a resident nearby; After plant these trees, the street is much cooler than before! More people would like to go out on a hot summer day!

Dpollted plants Ulture sonic Sitting

Interactive Fountain Device

9

3

7

5 6

4

12

1 3 2

9

9 99

1

Rain water is collected in to water tank

2

Water tank

3

Water is pumped into the Pressure charging system

4

Pressure charging system

5

Pressure on non-slip bounce step

6

Pressure both side to trigger the switch

7

Water releasing

I’m a fan of the mist cooling system; It’s 95 degrees outside, but right here, it feels like 20 degrees lower because of the tree covers, breeze, and mist cooling. Do you know the mist system can decrease dust levels that come along with the summer months?

I’m a student from Highland-town school.

I enjoy having a pool just 400 feet beside my school! Now I can come here to wait for my parents to pick me up after school. And do you know this pool can turn into an ice rink in the winter!

I’m a father; When I take my kids here to play on a hot day, I will sit here, read a book, and enjoy the breeze.

6

I’m a father; I like to have fun with my kid on this rotating bench. Simultaneously, I can do exercise after a long day!

Seasonal Rhythm - facilities function and using group 9

Mar Winter

Spring

Dec

Functions

June

Tree Plaza

Breeze Pool

Wind Tower

De-polluting Structure

Breeze Canopy

De-polluting Plant

Mist Cooling Mount

Ultrasonic Speaker

Interactive Fountain

Sitting

Group Summer

Fall Sept

15 •

Kids

Pool

Neighbor gathering Exhibting Gaming Ice rink Market Eating Event

Worker

Family

Bicycler

I’m a resident nearby; the smell of honey and lemon peel reminds me of this park every time!

It must be these lovely trees!

Pool PoolPool Pool Pool gathering gathering gathering gathering gathering Exhibting Exhibting Exhibting Exhibting Exhibting Gaming Gaming Gaming Gaming Gaming Ice rink Ice rink Ice Ice Ice rink rink rink Market Market Market Market Market Eating Eating Eating Eating Eating EventEventEvent Event Event

I’m a mother; I feel much more comfortable to sit at the right angle to watch my kids play on those mounts!

I’m a student from Highland-town school. I love to play with these interactive fountains. It requires two people to step on the device to trigger the system and release the water. I made a couple of friends by collaborating with them on this device!

• 16

02 Take Off

A Canopy walkway to educate and raise people’s awareness of the importance of natural reserve, Magombera Nature Reserve, Tanzania Fall 2020 Individual Project Instructors: Larry Gorenflo The Magombera Nature Reserve was created to preserve the unique lowland forest in central Tanzania and sustain the nexus between two prominent national parks. There is a swelling population of communities residing in villages alongside Magombera Forest Reserve. Most people in the surrounding villages are a substantial proportion of migrants, who were drawn to the region by the rich lowland soil and agricultural opportunity. Social and economic aspects of life are both reliant on natural resources and are market-driven. Villagers perceive their neighboring natural environment as being a source of tangible capital. The level of immediate dependency on communities’ environment from all of the neighboring villages is profoundly notable.

There is a significant demand for widespread environmental awareness so that people are more aware of their impacts on the surrounding land, especially being next to such an important ecological area.

A canopy walkway takes people up to 20 meters that focus on various species in different elevations. The birds’ flighting patterns inspired me; I integrate six flighting patterns into the walkway; each has unique experiences and activities for different groups that tell the story of the local fauna and forest qualities. My goal is to use forest resources to raise people’s awareness of the importance of natural reserves. Meanwhile, increase job opportunities and wage-earning and improve the economy for the widespread poverty in this region.

Moreover, the Magombera Nature Reserve is home to many rare and endemic species. However, there is currently no infrastructure within the forest to allow humans to interact with the species there safely. The lack of tourism in the area and the need for more economic opportunities allow for a forest design opportunity. How can we execute tourism properly without disturbing the organisms’ habits to reach a high tourist flow to stimulate the economy?

17 •

• 18

Unbalanced Ecosystem - deforestation influence local community and ecology longterm benefits

Village Seasonal Income Concern Month/ season

J

Income generating activities

Agriculture, Small business (Local brew, Kiosks Labors Livestock keeping)

F

M

A

Income -Bad Months

Low incomes, supplies running out, farm work increase

Income - Good Months Expenditure - High

M

J

J

A

Livestock keeping, labor trading forest product-timber, firewood, small business.

O

N

D

Livestock keeping, farming small business

Supplies low

Good income is available from farming, fishing and small business Increased living costs

Living costs

Disappeared Forest

Expenditure - Low

Reduced living costs

Seasonal opportunities

Good period for rains and farming season, small business, piecemeal, labor The buyers come to the village to buy crops

Market - good months Market - bad months

S

Market is bad all year; buyers decide to buy crops at the price the price they wish too. They buy crops at a low price during harvest and sell at higher prices in bad months.

Biodiversity Hotspot

SITE

31% Endemic species of indigenous plants 2350

Biodiversity hotspot

20% Endemic indigenous mammals 100

MAGOMBERA NATURE NATURE RESERVE RESERVE MAGOMBERA

7.7% Endemic species of indigenous birds 100

KILOMBERO VILLAGE

Deforestation Concern

Income Difficulty 1.2M

100

Tourism Opportunity 200M

730% growth rate of 945,000 visitors 1,095,000

80

1M Tourism is 47% of economy in Tanzania

ac

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150,000

$615M

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59% forest lost

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0.8M 0.6M

284% growth rate of $1.13B

19 •

20

• 20

Site Condition - opportunities for tourism

Canopy Walkway - provides tourism benefits but also defined a new forest boundary, not easy to dismantle.

MAGOMBERA NATURE RESERVE Depletion of natural resources 60% forest decrease in 51 years

Topography

Slope

Hill shade

(14 Village sur)

Elevation increase on the forest edge Elevation relative gentle in the forest

Difficult for construction Opportunities for interesting view and vista

Hilly topography

Extremely Poverty

Neighborhood

Views

+Accessible by two major roads -Sound

+Accessible to surrounding communities +Tourism can create jobs for local residents

+North view: Large agriculture land +South view: Crop land +East view: Forest wetland +West view: Udzungwa National Park & Village view

Key Local Species

Forest floor

14 village = 80.63 m3 deadwood/week

73% domestic energy needs

Deadwood

Charcoal

Settlements

Agriculture

Sugar Plantation

9 villages

45% household owned

Increased 8300 acres from 2000 to 2005

Disturb the nutrient cycling

x

x

Rely on Natural Resources Ecological destruction

Lack of Awareness

Not evaluated

Biodiversity Hot spot

Ecotourism

How can we protect Magombera Nature Reserve but also make it more accessible to the public?

Opportunities

Small mammals, fish, reptiles, and amphibians.

Cross Cultural Respect

CANOPY WALKWAY

Tourism Sector (restaurant...)

$

Indirect Impacts

Environmental Education

Tourist Spending

Direct impacts

Seeds, berries, fruit, insects, larvae

Insects, larvae, invertebrates

Surrounding Villages

$ for New Energy to Replace Timber Fuel

WWF Tanzania Program Office.

Other Sector (food, souvenirs Prod.)

$

Wage (household)

Economic Social Benefits

Seeds, berries, fruit

Small mammals, insects, larvae, invertebrates

21 â&#x20AC;˘

Cutting

Picking

Bird species Near threatened Least concern

Tree (Removal)

Massive Deforestation

Problem Solving

Understory (<10m)

Vulnerable

Timber (fuel)

tc.)

t, e

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Monitoring

Canopy (10-25m)

Forest edge species

Emergent (25-35m)

Endangered

Problem Seeking

Circulation

Magombero NR Species Complexity in Height

Unrestricted Land Use

TSh 490,237/year HHI *approx. $1 USD/day

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$

Raised Awareness for Environmental Protection as Indigenous

Magombera Nature Reserve

Raised Awareness Limited Forest Floor Access Longterm Conservation Goal

â&#x20AC;˘ 22

360° 360°

Concept - flighting patterns

Site Context

！100

Phases

Meter

Master Plan

360°

360°

100

Meter

Zoom In Plan

10

Meter

°063

Phase I

Length: 272m Est teak wood plank:1904

-The walkway is situated in the preserved forest.

Thermal Take off (Welcome Walkway):

Raptors take advantage of rising air to increases their altitude without flapping their wings.

360°

360°

°063

Length: 382m Est teak wood plank: 770

Flapping Flight (Bird Educate)

Infrastructure

b

Main road Railroad

When birds are flapping their wings, allowing themselves to maintain height or climb, this method includes down-stroke and up-stroke stages. I’m visualizing the up-stroke in this project.

Branch road

b’

Proposed road

Features Welcome walkway

Small birds often fly long distances using a technique in which short bursts of flapping are alternated with intervals in which the wings are folded against the body.

Elevated walkway Curvy walkway Research platform

Birding walkway Sitting Descend walkway

Seven features and activities in the project, each has unique experiences and activities for different groups that tell the story of the local fauna and forest qualities.

Gliding Flight (Curvy Path )

Gliding flight is when bird against the wind to descend or maintain without flapping their wings. Their path will become curvy because of the uneven wind.

Phase III

Proposed Visitor center building

-The proposed road is along the forest edges to avoid the disturbance of the cropland.

Visitors will need to go through the proposed visitor center to get on the canopy walkway.

Bounding Flight (Elevated Walkway)

Length: 566m Est teak wood plank:1288

c’ c

360°

Icon: feature and activities 360° 360° 360° 360° 360° 360° 360° 360° 360° 360° 360° 360° 360° 360° 360°

360° Observation Deck ADA Accessible

°063

°063 360°

Overlook Instagram Hashtag Spot Research Stair Sitting

Contour XXX

Elevation

-The majority of the walkway is placed on gentle slop for easy construction.

Lunch Spot

360°

Research Platform Binocular Viewer Birding Spot

Thermal Soaring (Birding Walkway)

Raptors take advantage of rising air to maintain their altitude without flapping their wings.

Birds decrease their altitude and prepare to land.

23 •

a’

360°

360°

Bird Habitat Area

Organism Density Low EL

Descending Flight (Descend Walkway)

360° 360°

360°

Phase II

High EL

-The route passes through various habitat areas in the forest. Blue represents the lowland area, and the site is more moisture, which has a high density of organisms and different habitat from other parts of the walkway.

Pram Safe Bird Education 360°

Intersection Ramp

a

Proposed Visitor Center

• 24

Spatial Relationship Welcome Walkway a-a’

10

Birding Walkway b-b’

Meter

ove

y wa

b ma

)

es for

(10

)

und

nd

ou t gr

Intersection c-c’

Meter

ove

b ma

ro st g

Meter

ing

y

wa

0 y (2

alk yW

rv

Cu

High chance of seeing monkey species

y

wa

Sitt

e for

wa

lk Wa

lk Wa

10

The section shows the intersection of the descending walkway and walkway at 10 meters.

The section shows the birding walkway area; the structure is 10 meters in height, which takes visitors from 10 meters to 20 meters elevation.

The section shows the welcome walkway area; the structure is 15 meters in height. As people going up the ramp, they will experience a different view from each elevation.

Walkway Prototypes

10

Curvy walkway to avoid large tree in the forest

The long curvy bench provides a capacity of eight-person

e

vat

Ele

alk dW

Elevation change at 10 meters walkway

Walkway ground timber turns from gray to reddish color at 20m to attracting monkey surrounding

te uca

d dE Bir h arc

t

Pla

y

wa

alk eW

m

lco We

m for

y

wa

alk gW

in Bird

e Res

The platform provides researcher an easy way into the forest

Learning bird species in an artistic way

High chance of seeing forest edge species

High chance of seeing variety bird species

Variety view and species at a different level

25 •

• 26

Structure Details Process One structure is created with 22 teak wood plank sets; 1 one set is combined with two planks, one shorter than the other, 2 creating a feather-like shape, and 3 by rotating one set 2 degrees in left and 2 degrees up with increase rate (X° +100%) 4 ten times, then 5 11 on each side to create a spread wing-like shape.

x10 (X°+100%)

5.0m 2°

4.2m

2°

1

2

3

4

Three Dimension View Axonometric

Bird Educate Details Inspiration

Top

4.3m

Extraction

The upstroke stage of flapping flight creates an abstract structure that mimics when birds are flapping their wings.

Weathering Iron Sign

5

5

The structure is painted with colors extracted from one specific bird.

Ten bird education structures in the project will present the most recognizable bird species in the Magombero Nature Reserve.

11.4m

Side

Front

Back 3.2m

Centimeter

An iron sign is placed on the walkway to educate people about its look, name, and Conservation Status. A total of 49 bird signs are throughout the entire walkway, record the bird that has appeared in the forest.

20cm 1

Meter

8cm

Replaceable Joint

A sign at every transition to tell the current elevation.

27 •

>8 days in wet season >20 days in dry season

• 28

Birding Distance Reduction AD: Alert distance FID: Flight initiation distance

Birding Walkway Detail Key Species - bird friendly plants around & within the structure AD: (>8 m) FID: (>15m)

Birding Walkway qnt

10

Meter

Upper Storey (35 m)

No cover Aridan Tetrapleura tetraptera

African Locust Bean Parkia filicoidea

Isoberlinia scheffleri

Ordeal Tree Erythrophleum suaveolens

Velvet tamarind Dialium holtzii

forest fever tree Anthocleista grandiflora

Lap: 1 Slope: 5.1% Area: 2826 m²

Second/Lower Storeys (10 - 25 m)

AD: (>4 m) FID: (>8m)

Arabian Coffee Coffea spathicalyx

Craterispermum schweinfurthii

Red Ironwood Ochna holstii

False White Ash Pseudobersama mossambicensis

Sorindeia madagascariensis

Black Plum Vitex doniana

Shrub Layer (<10 m)

60m

With camouflage cover 10m

Allophylus pervillei

Walkway Side-cut Section Detail

1

Walkway Front-cut Section Detail

Meter

1

Meter

Supporting Pole Underground Detail

1

Forest Peach Rawsonia lucida

Hairy-leaved Violet-bush Rinorea ferruginea

0m

Meter

2.0m

Weathering steel handle Bamboo baluster Railing hole Baluster steel joint 0.06m thick teak wood plank

Weathering steel handle Safety rope rail Bamboo baluster

0.3m thick steel pole Forest ground 1.0m Concrete foundation

0.30m

0.3m thick steel pole 0.3m

10

Meter

Concrete filled 0.3m thick steel pole

1.25m

Steel pole branch

0.3m think steel pole

Welcome Walkway qnt

Local material

Underground soil

Safety steel block 0.05m thick steel support

0.05 thick steel support 0.015m radius bolt

Walkway Construction Material & Construction

1.0m concrete footer 0.3m gravel base

0.25m

Steel handle

0.3m 1.0m

Lap: 3 Slope: 6.2%

Bamboo baluster 2

Teak wood plank 15m 20m 25m

Supporting structure

360° Observation deck

3

The 360-degree observation deck allows visitors to obtain different habitat experiences from every standpoint that varies in height and position.

1

Safety rope rail

15.0m

13.75m

11.5m 8.75m 6.5m

Steel pole support

3.75m 1.5cm

0m

Joint Detail 1

Lower Baluster Joint

2

Upper Baluster Joint

3

Major Supporting Structure

Maximizing top deck footprint

The top lap is wider to increase the 360-degree observation deck area to allow more footprint.

Increasing contact

29 •

The curvature of the walkway allows surrounding trees to grow closer to the spiraling path.

• 30

03 Bartram’s Backyard

A Healthy and educational environment for children to enjoy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Fall 2018 Individual Project Instructors: Lisa DuRussel, Neil Korostoff, Alec Spangler

Bartram’s backyard is located downstream of the center city, next door to Bartram’s Garden. It is surrounding by a lack of environment + resources, However, the site was an ideal location for a park in the surrounding neighborhood and school.

My design intents to provide a healthy lifestyle, physical activity. Moreover, the park enhances the community interaction. It serves as an extension of the learning environment to children that promote creative play, social skills, and educational planting.

31 •

• 32

Area Development Bartram’s Backyard Site

Existing Condition

56th Street Corridor

Runoff/Flooding

Community

Bike Path

-Residential area surrounding

-Damaged bike line -No attraction to the site -Opportunities to draw biker to the Bartram’s mile

Bartram’s Mile (Walkway)

+

-Opportunities to draw people into the site

Sankofa’s Community Farm

-Opportunities to create programs related to the community farm for children

High Tide

-Tide range: 0.34ft-7.09ft -4 times a day -Cause soil erosion

Proposed Development

-Average slope: 6.25% -Runoff carry pollutant into river

-Safe -Connected -Educational Buffer / Runoff Visualization

Attraction

Connect Bike Path

Connect Walkway

Programmatic Concept

Planting Program

Balance between Facility Organization Active Use

Fundamental

Marsh

Recreational

Educational

Planting Use

Nature/Safety Use

Experiential Toddler (1-3 years)

Bartram’s Backyard

sedan access

bus access

amphitheater classroom

historical stream bed

irrigation entry plaza (Planting)

open lawn space

marsh

sensory garden (Planting)

Preschool (3-5 years) parking

musical path

drop off

front door stone sitting

marsh

33 •

natural space

sunken playground

bus stop terrace sitting

meadow sitting

bridge vegetation mount

sunken basketball field

alameda

meadow path (Planting)

sensory flower terrace (Planting)

School-Age (6-12 years)

bridge vegetation mount (Planting)

• 34

Master Plan Surrounding

Bartram’s Backyard

1

New marsh Bartram’s mile plaza

16

Woodland academy building

17 18

Sunken playground Nature space

4

Mussel hatch (Proposed) Bartram’s garden

5

Sankofa Community Farm

20

Historical stream bed Irrigation entry plaza

2

10

3

Eastwick Ave

c

a’

19

6

Marsh

21

Sensory garden

7

Bartram’s mile (Proposed)

22

Bridge vegetation mount

8

Tidal lap (Proposed)

23

9

CXS Railroad

24

Marsh Marsh entry

10

New 56th street corridor

25

Marsh path

11

New woodland

26

Open lawn space

12

New boardwalk

27

Flower terrace

13

New amphitheater

28

Plant terrace

14

New bike path

29

Musical plaza

56th street

a

56th Street Corridor Development Railroad Underway Condition a-a’ 10’

9

Drop-off

31

Parking lot Stream outlet Stone sitting

33

Playground platform

Lawn

30

20

PED

24’

12’

Marsh

Lawn

Bike parking

Bike lane 10’

10’

Two-way road

PED

Lawn

24’

12’

6’

Bartram’s mile 10’

3’

Corridor Plant Use

21

22 11

56th street

29

16 27

Two-way road

3’

3

28

Bike lane 10’

Dry stream

32 33

Dry stream

31

30

End of the 56th Street b-b’

4 33

24

19

14

26

5

17

25

Slope Plants

Canopy Tree

33

18

Wall Plants

American Elm

Japanese Pachysandra (Pachysandra terminalis)

Eastern Gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides )

Virginia Creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia)

Red Maple

Lily of the Valley (Convallaria majalis)

Cherokee Sedge (Carex cherokeensis )

Winter Jasmine (Jasminum nudiflorum)

False Goat’s Beard (Astilbe)

Starrush Whitetop (Rhynchospora colorata )

Ulmus americana

23

Swale Plants

Acer rubrum 6

56th street

b

12

b’

7

Bartram’s Backyard Overall Site Content c-c’

13

100’

1

2

c’

Schuylkill River

8

Bartram’s mile Plaza

Amphitheater Tidal Wetland

Nature space

Playground

Woodland Academy Plaza

Parking Lot

CSX rail road

100’

35 •

• 36

Rhythm of Programs

Enlargement of Bartram’s Backyard 8

Mar

d

1

11 Irrigation Irrigation Irrigation

2

2 Preformance Performance 3 Family gathering Family gathering 4 Open space space Open 5 Photo hotsopt Photo hotsopt 6 Event Event 7 Planting program Planting program 8 Wildlife habitathabitat Wildlife 9 Playground Playground 10 Outdoor sitting sitting Outdoor 11 Agricultural Landscape Agricultural Landscape

3 4 5 6 8

7 8

8

9 10

8

7

8 11

11

13

12 Restorative landscape Restorative landscape 13 Alameda Alameda

14

14 Water performance Water performance

15 16

15 Outdoor classroom Outdoor classroom 16 Stormwater management Stormwater management

17

17 Indoor classroom Indoor classroom

18 19

18 Game Game 19 Sports field field Sports

20

20 Toilet Toilet

12

7

4

16 17 20

8

6

10

9

10 12

1

16

7

9

Mar

Summer Summer

April May April May

Jun Jun

July July

Aug Aug

Sept Sep

Oct Oct

Frequency

Daily

Winter Winter

Fall Fall Nov Nov

Dec Dec

Jan Jan

Feb Feb Fab

Daily

Occasion

Occasion

Play with Topography e-e’

9 11 12

Railing

8

14 7

7 11 14 15 18

Seasonal (Using/function time)

Spring Spring

Programs

12 18 10 Slope handle

10 16

4

6 19

4 10

e 7

8

9

11

e’ 10’

13

18

18 19

Concrete playground plaza

13 Turf

Dry stream bed

Rough concrete slope

Soft wood chip

Rubber court tile flooring

20’

d’

Bartram’s Backyard - material & spatial relationship d-d’

37 •

Restorative Landscape - bridge walkway

• 38

Irrigation Container

Agricultural Education - irrigation plaza

Permeable Paving - collecting the Agriculture Plants

Rocky Ground - filtrate large sediment and collecting the rainwater into the ditch

Drip Pipe

Archimedes’ screw - water is pumped

rainwater into the ditch

Sitting Stone

by turning a screw-shaped surface inside a pipe. Transferring water from ditch into irrigation container.

Garden Beds

Restorative Landscape - marsh sitting

Model - amphiteather & marsh

Woodland Academy

Tidal Mount Marsh Concrete Sitting

Bartram’s Mile Plaza

39 •

• 40

04 Flowing Water

Spring Creek Watershed runoff study & strategies response, State College, PA Spring 2019 Individual Project Instructors: Hong Wu, Travis L Flohr, Stephen Mainzer

Rapidly Urbanization contains a high proportion of impervious surfaces in Spring Creek Watershed.

After a storm, pollutants on the paving surface will directly flow into the creek. In addition, paving is directly exposed under sunlight. It will become hot, which will cause warm runoff into the stream after a storm, suddenly increasing the temperature of a natural body of water, cause thermal pollution.

Class A trout and other aquatic life are disturbed living under polluted and warm runoff. Thermal pollution upsets water quality, such as oxygen, decreases in the warm water. The cold water dissolves more oxygen, which fish began to experience stress and suffocates creek animal trout. The best growth for rainbow trout is about 69 degrees; they will stop growth excess 73 degrees and have trouble surviving when the temperature is over 77 degrees. Address the problem from upstream is the most efficient way to maintain the stream temperature from urban runoff.

My planning intends to reduce, collect, and treat the warm & polluted urban runoff from the upper stream’s impervious surface to improve water quality.

41 •

• 42

Imp

2020

More than 50,000 students are living here in Penn state

Thermal pollution

ervi

Uncontrolled runoff

At least 16 pollution incidents that killed 100 or more fish.

Schueler proposed that imperviousness could serve as a unifying theme to quantify the degree of urbanization.

2005

The Penn state community was only 7,000 residences

1994

The Pennsylvania State University built the first wastewater treatment plant in the watershed

1946

1913

1900

Water Quality

Population increase to 10,000, yet no wastewater treatment facility.

ous

surf

ace

2040 Expected thermal

Urbanization

pollution Lifespan

Warm,polluted water

Wild brown trout was being negatively affected by high sediment loads originating from agricultural land and urban runoff.

During the months of June through September 1999 to 2007, an average of 22 Storms per year produced hourly increases of >2°C, and the mean increase for these storms was 3.7°C. The highest hourly increase was 9.6°C

Location Suitability

Problems

Built Environment -Built environment is the crucial issues in Spring Creek Watershed that cause and increase the urban runoff, which raised the water temperature of the stream. Impervious surface exceed 60 percent is the suitable location for my design.

Vegetation Cover -Plant can be a most effective way to decrease the urban runoff and surface temperature, it can provide shades from water surface exposed from sunlight, it is necessary that impervious surface is covered with vegetation.

Hydrology -The design will

maintain healthy water by decrease the impervious surface and increase the ground cover to retain health water temperature for aquatic life, which hydrology is one of the essential elements. Impervious surface around stream is a suitable location for design.

43 •

Pollution in stormwater runoff causes 19,000 miles of streams and rivers do not meet water-quality standards.

2015

State Correctional Institution discharged raw sewage into Spring Creek.

Runoff discharge

2007

Large springs in Pleasant Gap led to the establishment of the first trout hatchery First trout hatchery

1912

1903

Cool, undisturbed water

1990

History Line

40%

Summer temperature average

Trout cease growing

Established 1.1 million cu.ft

85.6 °F

67 °F

Summer season runoff

2/3

72 °F

Impervious Surface In Penn State campus

62%

Of total

35% 25%

Lethal to trout

Urban Runoff

State college annual drainage 3.5 million cu.ft

Capacity of end of pipe 2.4 million cu.ft

1 year storm 2 year storm Part.

Part.

40% 70% Fresh flooding Carries polluted warm runoff into creek

Deforestation

837

Impervious surface 344.2 arc

344.2 arc Roofs

Total Penn state student 40,639

Ongoing building Pollutants lethal to human,trouts construction 9 spot Pesticides, oils, heavy mental, salts...

Acres in 8 years

• 44

Potential Water Problem State College

Spring Creek +

Flow velocity

Piping

+ Hot roof runoff

Urban sprawl

Vegetation distribution throughout the system, especially in the dense downtown area.

+

Deforestation

Sediment erosion Warm, polluted runoff

+ Hot paving runoff

+ Storm

Peak flow

Upstream Built Environment Implement Sys1:Pixelated Sys 2: Connected

Thermal pollution

Sys 3: Clustered Vegetation within a community help absorb and recharge runoff water

Multi-scale flow diffusion throughout the creek to create a buffer and prevent polluted warm runoff into channel

Downstream ecosystem

+ Impervious surface

Strom capacity

Flooding

Water Flow Strategies Roof

Impervious surface + No vegetation cover

Green roof

Sys 1: Pixelated - parking lot

Cool roof

Cool

System 1

Summer sun

Green Roof - absorbing rainwater and decrease urban heat island

all

Permeable paving

Sm

Permeable surface Turf paving

Parking lot Rain

Hot runoff

Rain garden

Vegetation cover

Canopy cover

System 2

Near stream

Vegetation cover

Cooled Control Retened Detented Infiltrated Filtrated Treated

Planning

Peak flow

Safe release to stream

1 2

Riparian buffer 3

Drainage destination

1

3

Canopy tree provide shades to hot paver on a hot summer day Miniature garden control flow and sedimentation function as a infiltration system

Aggregate mulch Curb cut Asphalt Water absorb plant mix

Turf paving allow stormwater to percolate and infiltrate through the pavement and into the aggregate layers or soil below.

Bedding aggregate Geotexture membrane Turf preamble paving

Site

45 •

Parking Lot Strat

Green Roof Strat

Cool Roof Start

System 2:

Riparian Puffer Start

System 3:

End of Pipe

1

3

1

Canopy tree provide cool shade to rain garden

2

Rain garden temporarily hold and soak in warm stormwater runoff from parking lot Preamble paver catches precipitation and warm surface runoff

3

System 1:

1

Plants

2

Geotextile Sheet

3

Drainage Cell

4

Pacoflex polymer modified asphalt

5

Sheathing felt

6

Concrete deck

Aggregate mulch Preamble paver Wetland vegetation mix

1

Sun’s radiation hits the roof

2

Roof surface to radiate absorbed heat

3

Some heat is absorbed by the roof and transferred to the building below

4

The fraction of solar energy that is reflected by the roof

Sys 2: Connected - creek stabilization

1

2

Runoff direction

3

4

1

ge Lar

6

2

M

1

5

1

ium ed

100‘

4

Cool Roof - reflect more sunlight and absorb less heat than a standard roof

Mimic the crack between paver to slow down the water

End of pipe

2

1

2 3

Excess runoff System 3

Sys 1: Pixelated - building roof

Residential area

Hot surface

Vegetation

Grass filter strips to help slow and prevent warm runoff into the river, allow water to infiltrate into the ground.

2 Remove, transform, or store nutrients, sediments and other pollutants flowing over the surface and through the groundwater.

3 Roots stabilize the stream bank; creates pools that form “microenvironments.”

1 4 Vegetation along creek provide habits, against erosion and purify the 2 water 3

Grassland 25’

4

Woodland 30’

• 46

Sys 3: Clustered - end of pipe Concept

Design Detail

Phase 1

Slow

Phase 2

Purify

Phase 3

Stormwater Control:

Retention:

Slow down the runoff rate

To create sedimentation

End of Pipe Plan

Detention:

Reduce peak flow rate

Infiltration:

Recharging groundwater

Filtration:

Advance filtrate through ground system

100‘

Pretreatment & Inlet

-Large sediments are detained when going though the meandering spreader

Slowing:

-Low wall help slow and spread water to enhance vegetation contact -The vegetation both side support water treatment and sediment filtration, meanwhile provide habitat for surrounding organism

Erosion zone

-Vegetation and rocks help reduce the sediment erosion

Deposition zone

-The gentle slope bank catch the water flow, and spread the water to the surrounding areas for further treating.

Treatment Zone - flow

-Water is treated and absorb in each block -Ducks renew and create habitats for ecologic system

Treatment zone - habitat

-A warming environment encourages new species to inhabit “mound”, increase interaction and creates ecosystem. Water is treated and metabolized when going trough each gap.

-Four inlets in the exist condition, the pretreatment help mitigate flooding and sediment deposition

Treatment:

Use organic matter, microorganisms, and phytoremediation to metabolize contaminants .

-The Curvy path slowing down the water

100‘

PSU Campus

-Capture & slow surface runoff

Phase 1

Phase 1 Not in scale

Phase 2 Not in scale

Phase 2

Stormwater controlled

Retention pool to create sedimentation

Water infiltrated through soil, significantly reduced contamination and recharge ground water

Phase 3

Neighborhood

Temporarily detain stormwater, releasing it at a predetermined design flow rate.

Water is filtrated through ground layers to remove sediment and contamination

-Sink & recharge waste water

aquatic plants, overflow, Duck, canopy to purify and cool the waste water

Impermeable liner

Phase 3

Prevents infiltration of wastes down into lower aquifers and provides a substrate for root zone

Not in scale

Natural process to improve water quality, ​this process ​has minimal ​maintenance​ costs

Open water transfer the wetland surface into the atmosphere

Aquatic plants, Duck, canopy to purify and cool the waste water

Impermeable liner

Replenish aquifer

47 •

Impermeable basin-bed

Water continually treated when releasing

• 48

Rock Gravel

End of Pipe - treatment zone Location Water movement

American Elm

Not in scale

Proposed water flow

Stormwater flow

Overflow pipe is location at the end of the treatment zone

A

Less toxic

Heavy metal removel and Bio-purification

Filtration Sedimentation

phytofiltration phytostabilization Rhizofiltration

Filtration Eliminate the toxic

95% uptake

N₂N₂O

Volatilization

Aeration and Biological Purification

Nutrient Removel Plant uptake

P

Plant roots release antibiotics

Sedimentation

N

Filtration Filtration Sedimentation

Cattail Typha

American lotus Nelumbo pentapetala

Common water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes

N

P

Sitting

View platform

O₂ O₂

N

Yellow Water-lily Nuphar lutea

View platform

N

N

P

Common reed Phragmites australis

O₂ N

Water is infiltrated and filtrated through the soil

N

X

N

P

X

O₂

O₂

O₂

Circulation PSU Campus

Sweet flag Acorus calamus

Knotweed Polygonum

Annual beard-grass Polypogon monspeliensis

Pickerelweed Pontederia cordata

Common water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes

O₂

Spikerush Eleocharis palustris

Soft rush Juncus effusus

X

Sweet flag Acorus calamus

Soft rush Juncus effusus

Cattail Typha

Water lettuce Pistia stratiotes

Common Duckweed Lemna minor

Pickerelweed Pontederia cordata

Sedges Carex

Reed canary grass Phalaris arundinocea

Common water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes

Softstem bulrush Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani

Spikerush Eleocharis palustris

Lizard’s tail Saururus cernuus

Decrease conc

Pickerelweed Pontederia cordata

Reed canary grass Phalaris arundinocea

Overflow release

Organic matter Nutrients Pathogens

De-nitrification

Absorb & hold

Sedges Carex

Excess water

Maintain purification (low temp)

Limited

Eliminate

Cattail Typha

Deposition Zone

1:400

Evaporation

Predation

Pathogen Removel and Bio-purification

Pb, Cr, Cu, Cd, Ni, Zn

Rhizome network Small gravel

NH₃

Decrease Natural decay

Subsurface filtration

A’

Erosion Zone

Phytovolatilization

River Ash

Overflow pipe

Existing slope provide drainage for surrounding

Treatment Zone - biological purification Photodegradation

Little Bluestem

Indian Grass

The water is filtrated and treated when go though the gap

Destroy

Low Wall

O₂

Neighborhood

Vegetation processing of nutrients into wetland vegetation and biofilms

Wetland vegetation inhibits the release of deposited nutrients by pumping oxygen into the soil

X

Plant roots release antibiotics to eliminate bacteria and pathogens.

Muti stemmed vegetation slowing down runoff velocity, reduce erosion and increasing infiltration

X

O₂ O₂

Plant roots release antibiotics to eliminate bacteria and pathogens

Vegetation absorbs and hyperaccumulating metal contaminants in harvestable root and shoot tissue

O₂ N

N

Vegetation provides carbon sources and a surface for biofilms to denitrification, removing N from the water

Slowing of run-off. Ponds retain the water in a sequence of basins while the wetland ecosystem cleans the water of impurities.

Vegetation pond 49 •

• 50

05 Drawing and Photography 2019-2020 Personal Work

By Li Yan

I used a pen and camera to describe my personal understand towards the city and nature; they bring multifaceted reality to a person. It is filled with harmony.

Location: Myanmar Date: Aug 2019

Location: Huangshan Date: July 2019

Location: Hangzhou Date: Feb 2020

51 â&#x20AC;˘

â&#x20AC;˘ 52