CAREER PLANNING MINI-GUIDE
Laboratory Work Experience LJMU CAREERS TEAM 0151 231 2048/3719 ❚ careers@ljmu.ac.uk
www2.ljmu.ac.uk/careers
Career Mini-Guide
Looking for paid employment or work experience within a laboratory setting
Written by: Laura Aldridge (Careers Adviser) & Anja Heid (Employability Adviser)
Introduction This guide is aimed at all Science students who are looking to gain laboratory experience during their degree course and graduates who are looking to gain a job role within a laboratory setting.
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Why try and gain laboratory work experience during your degree course? If you are hoping to work in a laboratory-based role after graduation, then it is useful to try and gain some relevant experience during your degree course. This will enable you to show that you have put into practice some of the laboratory techniques which you have learnt during your degree course in an applied setting. Work experience may also enable you to expand your experience of using different types of instrumentation and it will also show that you can work safely in a laboratory setting. It will also help you to demonstrate that you can work effectively within a team in a laboratory environment. Laboratory experience can therefore be instrumental in ‘giving you the edge’ when applying to graduate level jobs later on. It may also give you the chance to network with other professionals and to make contacts, which can in turn help you to find out about future job vacancies. Looking for Laboratory Work Experience
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What type of work experience opportunities or placements are available? The first thing to be aware of is that any type of laboratory work experience is useful, regardless of the role which you are hoping to go into in the future. There are many different types of employers within the scientific and health field and below are some examples of the types of employers whom you could approach.
Paid placements There are paid internships or placements available which are usually open to students between Levels 5 and 6. Internships usually last for the summer period and placements can be 9-12 months long. There are laboratory-based placements which are offeredbyanumberofscientificemployersandthesemoreformal, structured placements tend to be offered by larger employers (such as GSK and AstraZeneca). If you are interested in these paid internships or placements then it is best to start looking for them from the start of Level 5. You can do a general search for placements within the scientific field on the Prospects website: www.prospects.ac.uk. Also check out the LJMU My Jobs & Placements website for current vacancies http://ljmu.prospects.ac.uk. There are a significant number of large pharmaceutical employers within the North West who may have placement opportunities. To find a list of employers who offer placements in the pharmaceutical industry, refer to the Association for British Pharmaceutical Industry (ABPI) website: http:// careers.abpi.org.uk/. Other organisations might employ laboratory- based vacation students in the life sciences e.g. in utilities (United Utilities or Thames Water) and in the production of personal care products (Boots or Procter and Gamble). There can be 4 
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considerable competition for these kinds of placements with large companies, so make sure that you apply for other types of work experience as well and explore some of the other options listed below. Consider arranging an appointment with an employability adviser to get your CV/application checked to ensure you are selling yourself effectively. Staff from the Careers Team can also provide support with interview practice sessions and mock assessment centres. Call in to the Byrom Street Careers Zone to arrange any of this support. Some students have in the past found placements within a laboratory setting via The Erasmus Programme. Students can work (or study) within another EU member state for a minimum of two months to a maximum of one year. It is usually the student’s responsibility to find a placement, however Academic Coordinators within each faculty may be able to assist in finding traineeships or provide you with information about where previous students have been successful in gaining employment. Students are paid a bursary and the amount depends on the length of placement and the country visited. For more information about The Erasmus Programme please refer to this website: www2. ljmu.ac.uk/erasmus or contact The Erasmus Coordinators at LJMU: Erasmus@ljmu.ac.uk. Information about overseas internships can also be found on the Going Global website which can be accessed via the Careers website or the direct link is: http://online.goinglobal.com/default.aspx.
Vacation Research Studentships and Grants A number of organisations offer bursaries to enable undergraduates to work in a research laboratory during the long summer vacation. The bursaries provide student support (called a stipend) normally for a period between 6 and 10 weeks, plus sometimes a sum for research expenses. In some cases it is the member of staff (academic/project supervisor) who would apply for this bursary. In other cases, you can apply directly for such bursaries. There are also some organisations who offer awards to fund course-related projects or fieldwork, typically ecology or wildlife-related. Many Looking for Laboratory Work Experience
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bursaries are aimed specifically at undergraduate students in their penultimate year of study but others have broader criteria and are open to postgraduates. For example, The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (www.sanger.ac.uk/workstudy/) offer salaried year long and summer placements for students who wish to gain work experience in a scientific research environment. A further list of summer vacation placements and funding opportunities available to UK Bioscience students can be found on the UK Centre for Bioscience website via this link: www.bioscience. heacademy.ac.uk/resources/difflearn.aspx. Sometimes university research staff may also advertise informally for students who are able to assist them with research over the summer period. It may be worth asking your lecturers if there are any opportunities like this which may arise.
Voluntary work experience or part-time work Work shadowing (or more short term experience) can be difficult to find in a laboratory setting as employers may need to train staff in the usage of particular procedures and may want to recruit staff who can commit for a longer time period. However, there may be some opportunities available. Some hospitals may have voluntary work available in a healthcare science field. A list of the Volunteer Co-ordinators for local hospitals can be obtained from Byrom Careers Zone. Some charities (such as Cancer Research) also offer voluntary placements in laboratories. It may also be possible to approach secondary schools about voluntary work in a school laboratory setting. 6 
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For example this could involve helping to set-up laboratory experiments for pupils and assisting with these experiments. LJMU’s Volunteer Department can advise about voluntary work opportunities in local schools – please see their website: www2.ljmu.ac.uk/ volunteering for details. The Mad Scientist Company (http://northwest.madscience.org/) run hands-on workshops or events for school children, and they may offer part-time paid work opportunities for students.
The Speculative Approach Another way to find work experience in a laboratory setting is to be proactive and to approach possible employers directly. To find appropriate employers to contact, you could do a search on relevant websites such as www.ukspa.org.uk (The United Kingdom Science Park Association). Or, it is possible to find lists of local employers by searching on www.yell.com. It is also worth consulting professional association websites - for example, The Society of Biology (www. societyofbiology.org) lists organisations who offer placements. When writing to employers speculatively, make sure that you use a targeted approach by sending a tailored CV and Cover Letter to a named, appropriate contact within the company. Please see the end of this guide for examples of science-based CVs. You can also refer to the World of Careers Centre ‘CV’s and Covering Letters’ Career Planning Mini Guide available to download from the resources page of the Careers website. You may also be able to make contacts through networking events (for example by attending the employer events which run by the Careers Team) or by using LinkedIn. Trainers from the Careers Team run regular workshops and webinars about how to make best use of LinkedIn for professional networking https://worldofwork.ljmu.ac.uk/events. Looking for Laboratory Work Experience
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What kind of job opportunities are there for graduates? 1. Graduate Scheme Opportunities Graduates may enter the scientific industry at many different levels. There are graduate scheme opportunities which enable you to enter the industry at a more senior level and which usually enable you to receive on the job training. For example, the NHS offer The Scientist Training Programme which is a graduate entry programme leading to more senior scientist roles. If successful in gaining a place on this programme, you would be employed by an NHS trust for the duration of your training. The STP offers a chance to train within a choice of the following job fields: microbiology, blood sciences, cellular sciences, genetic sciences, neurosensory sciences, cardiovascular respiratory and sleep sciences, gastrointestinal physiology and urodynamic sciences, clinical engineering, medical physics or informatics. The NHS usually recruit for the STP programme during your final year, so make sure you look out for information about it. To find out more about all of the above options please refer to the www.nhscareers.nhs.uk website. There are however, other ways for graduates to enter the NHS in a laboratory setting – see below. There are also graduate job opportunities within a variety of other industries. For example, a number of pharmaceutical companies offer graduate jobs in the field of the research and development of new drugs. The companies who offer these graduate jobs are listed on the ABPI website: http://careers.abpi.org.uk/. There are also graduate jobs within the manufacturing industry. For example both Unilever and Procter and Gamble (who manufacture household goods) recruit for graduate jobs in research and development. Some food manufacturers such as Mondelez International (who manufacture for brands such as Cadbury) also have graduate entry roles in areas such as research, development and quality. Similarly, there are also opportunities for Science graduates to work in the field of animal nutrition – AbAgri have such a scheme.
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Further useful lists of websites and relevant employers can be obtained from the Careers Team at your nearest Careers Zone. Please also refer to the ‘Careers Insights’ for your subject area which can be found on our website, as well as the relevant Career Planning Guide - www2.ljmu.ac.uk/careers. If you would like to discuss your career options in more depth, you can make an appointment to see a Careers Adviser by calling into the Byrom Street Careers Zone (in the James Parsons Building) or by telephoning 0151 231 2048. The Employability Advisers can check through and give feedback on CVs, cover letters and application forms.
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Some manufacturers of cosmetics (such as L’Oreal) have graduate jobs within research and development. Water authorities (such as United Utilities) also have opportunities for Science graduates. When applying to such graduate schemes, always check each company’s requirements to make sure that your degree subject contains the required knowledge for the scheme. Cogent (the employer-led, strategic skills body for the science industries) also have a life sciences placement service which advertises paid placement and graduate job opportunities within the science industry. This can be accessed via this website: www.cogent-placements.com/students/. There are also several forensic science employers in the North West such as LGC Forensics and Key Forensics Services, who offer job opportunities for graduates. Since the closure of the Forensic Science Service in March 2012, some of the work for forensic scientists has been contracted out to private companies. There are also job vacancies for forensic scientists advertised by police forces. For more senior roles within the scientific industry, further study may be required and it may be helpful to have a Masters qualification or even a PhD. Sometimes, these qualifications can be completed whilst in a graduate job role, however in other cases (for example if you are applying to more senior research and development roles) these qualifications may be a pre-requisite. Therefore, always check the person specification and requirements for each job vacancy carefully. There may also be some laboratory-based opportunities which are offered as Knowledge Transfer Partnerships (KTPs). A Knowledge Transfer Partnership (KTP) is a three-way project between a graduate, an organisation and a university/research organisation (known as the ‘knowledge base’). Refer to http://ktp.innovateuk.org/graduate-opportunities. If you are interested in going on to PhD study it is worth knowing that it is possible to apply for a PhD studentship for which you would receive a salary or stipend. To search for current PhD studentships refer to www.findaphd.com or www.prospects.ac.uk/ search_courses.htm. Some universities also offer research assistant posts which give you the opportunity to complete a PhD at the same time. These posts are advertised on websites such as www.jobs.ac.uk. Looking for Laboratory Work Experience
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2. Other Options However, it is important to remember that not all Science graduates enter the laboratory field via a graduate scheme. Some graduates may enter the science industry in a laboratory technician post, and then (after gaining more experience) progress to more senior roles. There are also a number of medical laboratory assistant posts advertised by the NHS. Although these are not strictly graduate roles, these posts do enable you to gain experience in a healthcare science setting within the NHS. There are also posts advertised as ‘biomedical support workers’. In recent years, trainee biomedical scientist posts have been difficult to obtain so some Biomedical Science graduates have entered medical laboratory assistant posts as a starting point within the NHS. These vacancies are advertised on the NHS jobs website: https://www.jobs.nhs.uk/ There are also opportunities within laboratories within the private healthcare field with providers such as BUPA. There are public health organisations as well who may have opportunities for laboratory based staff such as The Health Protection Agency. There are some recruitment agencies who do recruit (on behalf of employers) for science vacancies for graduates. Examples of such recruitment agencies include Matchtech, Kelly Scientific Resources and SRG. This guide has focussed predominantly on opportunities for graduates within a laboratory setting. However, remember that your scientific background can also be used in other roles within a commercial setting. For example pharmaceuticals companies have roles as medical sales representatives. Other scientific companies have roles in areas like supply chain management or logistics. Alternatively, you may also be able to use your numerical and problem solving skills in graduate jobs within the business or finance sector. Please refer to our guide about graduate schemes to find out more.
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Which area of the science industry?
Two main areas of the science industry which graduates may go and work in are product and process development and research and development. Process development scientists work in a range of industrial sectors where raw materials are converted by chemical, biological, physical or technological processes into intermediate and finished products. Product development scientists work right across the manufacturing sector. (Source: Prospects website 2014). Research and development (R&D) scientists could work in industry, for a university research department, in government labs or for defence companies. You would work in one of the different subject areas covered by scientific research. They include life sciences, earth sciences, medical research or physical sciences, industrial science (like food and petrochemicals) or research and development in the textiles industry. The exact nature of your work would vary greatly depending on your specialism. (Source: National Careers Service website 2014).
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How do I know where my specific laboratory based skills can be applied? Forensic Science, ACAPs and Pharmacy students: skills in analytical chemistry can be applied in a number of fields such as the pharmaceutical industry, manufacturing industry and forensics job sector. Knowledge of HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) is relevant in a number of industries. Analytical chemists may be involved in various job sectors such as: drug formulation and development, chemical or forensic analysis, product validation, process development, quality control and toxicology. Biomedical and Biochemistry students: knowledge of microbiology is useful not only in the health sector but can also be used in other industries as well, for example in the food industry. Microbiologists may also find employment within the water industry.
Emphasising your laboratory skills on your CV If applying for placements or jobs within a laboratory setting, it is important to emphasise the relevant laboratory skills to that job role on your CV. Make sure that you give emphasis to the instrumentation and laboratory techniques which you can use. You can also mention any specific projects which you have been involved in and your dissertation topic (if relevant). Laboratory skills can be included within the education section or your CV, or within a key skills section. Alternatively, you could include a dedicated ‘laboratory’ skills section on your CV. The key thing is to give prominence to the laboratory skills which match that role within your CV. Refer to the examples at the end of this guide for ideas about the layout of your CV. Furthermore, it is important to remember that although your laboratory skills are important, employers will also be looking for a range of other skills as well for example team-working, communication and interpersonal skills. Therefore, always make sure that you demonstrate other skills and qualities (relevant to the particular job role which you are applying to) as well.
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In Conclusion As this guide has illustrated, there are many different ways in which your laboratory skills can be used within the science industry. Therefore, try and think broadly and flexibly in order to consider the range of opportunities open to you. This leaflet should have hopefully provided you with a starting point and a useful overview of the types of job sectors in which you could work, but if you wish to research your options further please refer to websites such as Prospects (www.prospects.ac.uk) or The National Careers Service website: (https://nationalcareersservice.direct.gov.uk). It has also been stressed in this guide that there are a range of ‘entry points’ within the scientific industry for graduates, from graduate scheme opportunities to laboratory technician roles, so it is also important to consider the different types of vacancies which are available to you after you graduate.
Examples of job roles which previous LJMU Science graduates have gone into within a laboratory setting ❙❙ ❙❙ ❙❙ ❙❙ ❙❙ ❙❙ ❙❙ ❙❙ ❙❙
Laboratory technician Trainee biomedical scientist Analytical chemist Production technologist Formulation chemist Clinical trials assistant Trainee forensic scientist Microbiology technician Trainee healthcare scientist (NHS)
❙❙ ❙❙ ❙❙ ❙❙ ❙❙ ❙❙ ❙❙ ❙❙ ❙❙
Quality control analyst Chemical analyst Medical laboratory assistant Biomedical support worker Medical microbiologist Quality control analyst Manufacturing operator Manufacturing technician Clinical Researcher
Based on data received from LJMU graduates 2016, surveyed for the DHLE (The Destination of Leavers of Higher Education) Survey. Graduates were surveyed 6 months after graduation.
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Other careers resources Mini Guides (generic information)
Career Planning Guides (school-specific)
Career Insights (programme specific)
Download copies from the resources page at:
www2.ljmu.ac.uk/careers Looking for Laboratory Work Experience
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Sample CV for laboratory work: Matthew Richards 12 Bramhall Lane, Warrington, WA3 9GH, Mobile: 07712 345678, matt_richards@gmail.com Personal profile Hardworking and motivated final-year Biomedical Science undergraduate with excellent laboratory skills gained from university studies and relevant work experience. Looking to put my thorough scientific knowledge as well as my strong communication, IT and project management skills into practice in a suitable entry-level role in a lab environment. I am especially interested in working within the healthcare science field.
Education and Qualifications 2012 – present
Liverpool John Moores University BSc (Hons) Biomedical Science (expected degree classification: 2:1)
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Accredited by the Health and Care Professions Council and the Institute of Biomedical Science.
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Modules include: Medical Genetics; Cancer: Bench to Bedside; Histology and Drug Effects; Blood, Nerves and Hormones.
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My final-year project will test and evaluate the effectiveness of different brands of mouthwash in inhibiting the growth of four microbial species.
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XXX hours of laboratory practicals have given me the skills, experience and confidence to operate effectively in a lab setting. This includes a thorough understanding of health and safety, experience of working with microbes, proteins and tissue cultures, proficiency in key lab techniques (e.g. DNA recovery, PCR, HPLC, TLC and microtomy) and confident use of equipment, including HPLC machines.
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I have developed strong written communication skills through completing laboratory reports and essays, using appropriate scientific terminology.
2005 – 2012
St Mary’s High School, Warrington
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A-Levels: Chemistry (A), Biology (B), Maths (B)
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10 GCSEs (grade A-C), including Double Science (AA), English (B) and Maths (A).
Laboratory Experience June – August 2014 Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Summer Internship I secured a place on the Wellcome Trust’s summer scholarship scheme to work on a research project on “Hyporesponsiveness of intestinal dendritic cells to TLR stimulation”. •
My responsibilities included cell culture preparation and assisting PhD and post-doctoral researchers with the analysis of results.
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I gained an insight into the bid-writing process to secure funding and effectively liaised with researchers on other projects to negotiate over the use of shared equipment.
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My ability to work safely and accurately in a laboratory setting was also demonstrated during this internship.
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May – August 2013 Manchester Royal Infirmary, Volunteer in the Microbiology Dept. I volunteered for two days a week assisting staff in the Microbiology department. •
My duties included pipetting urine samples into test tubes, processing test tubes on an “IRIS” machine, booking samples into the database, processing genital swabs, fluids and tissue broths, placing antibiotics into agar plates and incubating them at specific temperatures.
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Other tasks included inoculating and streaking of urine samples into different types of agar plates, strengthened my manual dexterity.
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I gained confidence in aseptic techniques, improved my ability to work under pressure and further developed my understanding of risk/COSHH assessments as well as the safe handling of clinical samples.
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I demonstrated excellent organisational skills during this placement, ensuring appropriate equipment was booked for other members of staff and completing all support tasks to set deadlines and to a high standard.
Employment History 2012 – present
Costa Coffee, Liverpool City Centre – Barista
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Worked effectively in a team, sharing tasks out fairly amongst team members to maintain team morale and keep waiting time for customers to a minimum.
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I developed strong customer service skills, building up rapport with customers and dealing with any enquiries and complaints professionally and promptly.
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My verbal communication and interpersonal skills were enhanced whilst undertaking this public facing role.
2010 – 2012
Motley Road Newsagent, Maghull – Sales Assistant
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In this part-time position, my duties involved serving customers, stocking shelves, and preparing newspapers for delivery.
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As a loyal employee, I was trusted to cash up the till at the end of the shift and bank the day’s takings. I was also made a key holder shortly after starting employment in the store, which demonstrates my maturity and reliability.
Additional Information •
IT Skills: Competent user of MS Word, Excel, PowerPoint and Outlook.
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Clean, full UK driving license held since 2012.
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As a student member of the Institute of Biomedical Science, I follow developments in medicine and science with great interest.
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My other interests include outdoor activities like kayaking and hiking. I am currently learning to play the guitar.
References •
Dr Tom Smith, Senior Lecturer at LJMU, 0151 231 1234, t.a.smith@ljmu.ac.uk
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Dr Eve Robinson, Senior Researcher, University of Manchester, 0161 123 4567, e.robinson1@manchester.ac.uk
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Sample skills based CV for laboratory work: Anisha Patel 123 High Street, Aigburth, L17 0AB, Mobile: 07789 256 142, Email: anisha.patel@gmail.com Personal profile Enthusiastic and knowledgeable second-year Forensic Science undergraduate keen to gain some practical experience in a laboratory environment. My employment and degree studies have helped me develop confident laboratory, communication and time management skills, which I am keen to build on further by completing relevant work experience. Education and Qualifications 2013 – present
Liverpool John Moores University BSc (Hons) Forensic Science (first-year average: 63%)
• Accredited by the Forensic Science Society. • Relevant modules include: Fundamentals of Molecular Bioscience, Forensic Science, Forensic Chemistry, Forensic Methods, Drug Analysis. • Teaching includes hands-on laboratory-based tutorials, which cover fingerprint and footwear analysis, DNA analysis, forensic microbiology and spot tests for drugs. During my first year of study, I have spent a total of XX hours working in a lab setting, which will increase to XX hours during my second year. 2006 – 2013
Holy Family Catholic High School, Liverpool
• A-Levels: Chemistry (B), Biology (B), English (C) • 9 GCSEs (at grade C or above), including English (B), Maths (B) and Double Science (AA) Skills profile Laboratory and Technical Skills • Completing individual and group-based work in a lab setting has helped me develop a range of scientific skills, including pipetting, DNA recovery, DNA quantification, PCR amplification, isolation and purification techniques, microarrays, HPLC and TLC. • Competent in using a range of lab equipment safely and appropriately, including centrifuges, HPLC machines and scanning electron microscopes. Good hand and eye coordination ensures accurate use of all equipment. Thorough understanding of health and safety in a laboratory environment. • Confident user of GeneScan and GeneMapper software as well as MS Office applications, including Word, Excel, PowerPoint and Outlook. Communication Skills • Excellent writing skills demonstrated by successfully completing a number of assignments for my university course, including essays, lab reports and lab books. I achieved high marks in all written coursework thanks to my concise writing style and confidence in using the appropriate scientific terminology.
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• Three years’ experience in customer-facing roles in the retail and hospitality sector has strengthened my verbal communication skills. I deal with any customer enquiries and complaints in a prompt and professional manner and have demonstrated my ability to build up rapport and communicate effectively with customers from a range of backgrounds. These skills have also benefitted me in a lab setting, as I have quickly built up a good working relationship with members of my lab group. Time Management and Organisation Skills • Working in a busy community pharmacy has developed my organisation skills, as I am required to combine routine tasks such as stock and date checks with serving customers and implementing promotions within the pharmacy. My ability to prioritise and work effectively under pressure ensures that I complete all tasks to a high standard. • During my first year at LJMU, I combined full-time study with part-time work and volunteering. Using a weekly planner ensured that I organised my time effectively and completed all my academic work in time and to a high standard while maintaining 100% attendance and commitment in work and in the hospital. My organisation skills have also been essential to work on a number of different lab projects simultaneously. Teamwork Skills • Extensive experience of working as part of a team gained through part-time employment and volunteering. These skills have benefitted me working as part of a team for lab projects at LJMU. Sharing tasks out based on team members’ strengths and supporting each other ensured that I achieved a 2:1 or above in all group assignments in my first year. Employment History 2013 – present Boots the Chemist, Waterloo – Pharmacy Assistant My duties include serving customers, date checking medication, stocking shelves and promoting offers. 2011 – 2013 The Copper Kettle Café, Crosby – Catering Assistant I worked both in the kitchen and on the counter preparing food, taking customer orders and assisting other staff catering for local events. Additional Information • Volunteering: I have been volunteering in University Hospital Aintree since 2013. I signpost visitors to the appropriate ward and provide assistance and refreshments to patients. This experience has given me a valuable insight into the realities of working in an NHS setting. • Interests: I enjoy developing my understanding of science by reading publications like the New Scientist regularly. I am keen to gain a better insight into possible career options and to complement my online career research, I have attended a “Working in Forensics” career event at LJMU recently.
References available on request.
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