Center of the Bible

CATALOGUE TWO HUNDRED SEVENTY - ONE

America Before 1700

WILLIAM REESE COMPANY 409 Temple Street New Haven, CT 06511 (203) 789-8081

A Note This catalogue focuses on the first two centuries of European contact with the Americas, beginning even before Columbian contact, with Strabo’s classic geography of the world as it was known in 1472. It includes many classics of very early Americana such as Montalboddo, the 1513 Ptolemy, the Cortes narrative of conquest, Oviedo, Ramusio, and De Bry. There is a series of key early works on navigation, including Chaves, Martin Cortes, and Syria. North America is particularly covered by Lescarbot, Hakluyt, Purchas, Wood, Morton, Ogilby, Josselyn, and Thevenot. Also included are important manuscripts and maps. Most of this material has not been previously listed.

Available on request are our recent catalogues: 260, Colonial Americana; 261, Early & Exotic Imprints; 263, Recent Acquisitions in Americana; 264, Early Voyages from Vespucci to Vancouver; 265, American Politics; 266, Western Americana; 267, American Broadsides & Broadsheets; 268, 19th-Century Travellers; and 270, One Hundred American Historical Manuscripts.

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Terms Material herein is offered subject to prior sale. All items are as described and are considered to be on approval. Notice of return must be given within ten days unless specific arrangements are made. Connecticut residents must be billed state sales tax. Postage and insurance charges are billed to all nonprepaid domestic orders. Overseas orders are sent by air unless otherwise requested, with full postage charges billed at our discretion. Payment by check, wire transfer or bank draft is preferred, but may also be made by MasterCard or Visa.

William Reese Company 409 Temple Street New Haven, CT 06511 F RONT R EAR

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Phone: (203) 789-8081 Fax: (203) 865-7653 E-mail: amorder@reeseco.com

5. Manuel I: Abtruck Ains Lateinnischen.... [Strassburg. 1513].

12. Oviedo y Valdes: La Historia General.... Seville. 1535.

The World Before America: The Second Edition of Strabo, 1472 1. Strabo: GEOGRAPHIA [translated from Greek into Latin by Gregorius

Tifernas and Guarino Veronese; edited by Giovanni Andrea, bishop of Aleria]. Venice: Vindelinus de Spira, 1472. [219] leaves including the first and last blank leaves. 51 lines. Roman type 1:110R2 and Greek type 110. Capital spaces, with guide-letters; also some spaces for Greek. Folio. 17th-century Italian vellum over pasteboard, later red/orange morocco spine label decorated and lettered in gilt, early ink inscription “STRABON” on foredge. Boards and spine lightly worn and soiled, spine label slightly chipped at edges. Modern pencil notes on front and rear pastedowns indicating collation, physical description, and bibliographic references for the volume. Minor dampstaining and occasional light instances of soiling at edges of leaves, otherwise internally clean and fresh. A fine, wide-margined copy with many deckle edges, and pin holes at head and foot of some outer margins. Provenance: Early printers or binders marks in lower right corner of the recto of a number of leaves; W. Taylor (manuscript note of sale “Apr 1813 W. Taylors II Sale / £15:7:6 / Thorpe & Com.” written by); Richard Heber (1773-1833); George Dunn (1865-1912, Woolley Hall, Maidenhead, bookplate, collation notes and references, initialed and dated “Dec. 1896,” sale Sotheby’s November 29, 1917, lot 3755, sold to Quaritch for £30.11s, acting for); C.S. Ascherson (d. 1945, bookplate); Bernard Quaritch Ltd. (price note dated 1947, collation note dated April 30, 1982); bookplate of Frank S. Streeter.

A very fine incunable edition of one of the earliest and most important works on historical geography, printed at the first press to be established in Venice: the Taylor/ Heber/Dunn/Ascherson/Frank Streeter copy of the second edition of Strabo in almost miraculous condition.

A spectacular, fresh, unsophisticated, wide-margined copy printed in the elegant de Spira Roman type in a clear and dark impression by the first Venetian press. The book seems to have been bound (or at least cased) in Italy in the late 17th century, but retains eight leaves of contemporary blank paper (with the same watermark as the text block). Also present are the “point holes” that were made by the printer during the production of the book, and a number of leaves have the manuscript marks used by the printer/original binder to collate the leaves.

George Dunn was one of the most important scholars/collectors of incunables from about 1885 until his death in 1912. His library was then dispersed by Sotheby’s in a series of three sales from 1913 to 1917. His collection was important enough to warrant the publication by the Oxford Bibliographical Society of A List of the Incunabula Collected by George Dunn Arranged to Illustrate the History of Printing (Oxford, 1923) by Francis Jenkinson. The present work was included in the final Sotheby’s sale and is noted by Jenkinson.

Dunn’s obituary on March 11, 1912 in The Times (of London) noted that Dunn particularly sought out undescribed and rare editions, and this is bourne out in the present instance: no copy of this edition is listed as having sold at auction in the last thirty years. However, a copy of the 1469 first edition sold in the Wardington sale (Sotheby’s, Oct. 10, 2006, lot 492), where it realized £254,400 (about $508,000).

This is the second edition of the Greek geographer Strabo’s Geographia, and the first Venetian and first dated edition, based on the first Latin edition printed in Rome

by Sweynheym and Pannartz in 1469. One of the earliest and most important scientific treatises on historical geography, and Strabo’s only surviving work, the Geographia represents an initial attempt to compile geographical knowledge in a unified manner.

The work provides a survey of the topographical, historical, and political characteristics of the principal regions of the Roman world, also including information concerning philosophy, political theory, geology, mathematics, science, and history.

Strabo (ca. 64 B.C.E. – 21 C.E.) was born in present-day Turkey, and as a youth travelled and studied in the Mediterranean and Egypt. He retired to his home town of Amasia and composed his monumental geography, probably written in the last three or four years of his life. In updating the work of Erastothenes (third century B.C.E.), the first systematic geographer, Strabo relied on other Greek geographers but incorporated little of later Roman records. Following Erastothenes, Strabo presented the world as a single landmass surrounded by ocean on the northern half of a sphere, immobile within a revolving universe. His descriptions of the Mediterranean area, Asia Minor, and Egypt are considered extremely accurate, while those of Gaul, Britain, and Greece less so. Generally not known until the fifth century C.E., Strabo’s work came to be the standard geographical reference during the Middle Ages. “A geographical encyclopedia written for the information of governmental officials and travellers and containing much regarding the customs and usages of various countries that is of technological interest” – Stillwell.

GOFF S-794. BMC V:161. PROCTOR 4042. HAIN-COPINGER 15087. HAWKINS 232.

HOWGEGO S178. STILLWELL, AWAKENING INTEREST IN SCIENCE VI:893 (1469 ed). $187,500.

The Most Famous Astronomer of the Middle Ages 2. Sacro Bosco, Johannes de: TEXTUS DE SPHERA JOHANNIS DE

SACROBOSCO DE CUM ADDITIONE (QUANTUM NECESSARIUM EST) ADIECTA: NEUE COMMENTARIO NUPER EDITO AD VTILITATE STUDENTIU PHILOSOPHICE PARIESEN. ACADEMIE ILLUSTRATUS CU COPOSITIONE ANULI ASTROMICI BONI LATENSIS. [Paris: Henrici Stephani, 1507].

[63]pp., including numerous illustrations. Folio. Antique-style paneled calf, elaborately gilt, spine gilt. 18th-century institutional stamp on verso of titlepage.

Occasional minor repairs, most prominent in blank margin of last leaf. Contemporary manuscript notes on several leaves. Overall very good.

An important edition of Sacrobosco’s works on astronomy and the calendar. A 13thcentury mathematician and astronomer, Sacrobosco taught at the University of Paris and is believed to have been of British origin. There is, however, very little reliable information about his life. Much of what is “known” is little more than speculation on behalf of historians of the 16th and 17th centuries.

Sphæra, as it is most commonly known, is the most famous of Sacrobosco’s works.

It is a basic account of the spherical geometry underpinning the mathematical astronomy of Ptolemy and his Arabic commentators. It was extraordinarily successful, particularly as a university text book. There are hundreds of extant manuscript copies, and it was first printed in 1472 at Ferrara. There were over thirty further incunabula editions, and more than two hundred in the 16th century; the last early modern edition was printed in Antwerp in 1673. The interest in Sacrobosco’s work and computations was no doubt fueled by the mathematical demands of the art of navigation, then a fundamental element of the desperate race for control of the New World. In fact, other editions of Sacrobosco’s work were published with fledgling accounts of Spanish discoveries, such as the 1551 Paris printing which included Eliae Vineti’s Scholia..., with references to the East and West Indies.

Extremely rare. This edition is not listed in European Americana. OCLC locates only microform copies.

OCLC 29088657. $8000.

The First Collection of Voyages: “a cluster of jewels” 3. Montalboddo Fracanzano, Antonio: ITINERARIUM PORTUGALLENSIUM E LUSITANIA IN INDIAM ET INDE IN OCCIDENTEM ET DEMUM AD AQUILONEM. [Milan: J.A. Scinzenzeler], 1508. Eight unnumbered leaves and eighty-eight numbered leaves.

The two-leaf index, often missing, is supplied here in expert facsimile. Large woodcut map of Africa, southern Europe, and western Asia taking up most of the titlepage (second, corrected, issue with the Red Sea correctly named “Sinus

Arabicus”). Small folio. Modern blue morocco by Riviere & Son, spine gilt and with raised bands, expertly rebacked, gilt inner dentelles, a.e.g. First three letters of title in expert pen facsimile, two other letters strengthened in pen. An occasional bit of minor worming, almost entirely confined to the side margins, touching the printed marginalia in a few instances. A very good copy.

This copy bears the bookplates of noted voyage collector and scholar Boies Penrose, with his ink notes on the front pastedown.

A monument in the history of voyages, this is the second issue of the first Latinlanguage edition of the first-ever printed collection of voyages. It is one of the most important collections of voyages ever printed, and a landmark in the field of Americana.

This Milan 1508 edition is of even more importance for the large woodcut map, printed on most of the titlepage, showing all of Africa and much of southern Europe and western Asia. The earliest known map of Africa in which the entire continent is represented as surrounded by the ocean, this second issue of the map is distinguished by correctly naming the Red Sea as “Sinus Arabicus” (in the first issue it is denoted as “Sinus Persicus”).

Montalboddo’s work was first published in Italian in Vicenza in 1507, and this Latin edition, translated by the Milanese monk, Archangelo Madrignano, appeared the following year. Montalboddo’s title promises accounts of “new unknown countries and a new world recently discovered.” Sabin remarks that “unlike most modern works, its contents exceed the promise of its title.” Montalboddo’s collection is of primary interest for Americanists in its extremely early relation of the first three voyages of Columbus, and of the third voyage of Vespucci, in 1501-2. The importance of the Columbus and Vespucci accounts, however, should not overshadow the other important accounts of exploration in the Americas contained herein. Pedro Alvares Cabral’s discovery of Brazil and further explorations in Africa and India in 1500-1 was first published in Montalboddo’s collection. Furthermore, Gaspar Corte-Real’s voyage in 1500 to the North Atlantic, during which he reached the coast of Greenland, is recounted in a letter by the Venetian ambassador to Portugal, who accompanied the explorer.

Also included are accounts of the voyages of Alvise da Cadamosto to Cape Verde and Senegal in 1456, which appears for the first time in this collected work; Vasco da Gama’s explorations of Africa and India in 1497-99; and the explorations of de Cintra in 1462, and of Alonso Nino and Pinzon. Letters by Venetian spies in Portugal, written in 1501-2 are printed as well.

Henry Harrisse, among the foremost students of Montalboddo’s work, calls it “the most important collection of voyages, and, in the absence of the Libretto of Vercellese, now lost, the earliest...[It is] a trustworthy and interesting source of information.”

According to the Church catalogue, two copies of the Libretto of 1504 are now known, a complete copy at the John Carter Brown Library, and a copy lacking the titlepage at the Marciana Library in Venice. The Libretto, however, only contains accounts of Columbus’ voyages, and so it is still accurate to call the Montalboddo the first ever collection of diverse voyages (Harrisse never saw it). Harrisse notes that the two-page

index “is said to be rarely found, either at the beginning or the end of the volume.”

Furthermore, Maggs Bros., in their offering of a Milan, 1508, Montalboddo in 1929 (priced £375), notes that “the index was apparently printed after the publication of the work and inserted into the few available copies, and so is almost invariably missing.”

The index is present here in an expert printed facsimile.

“It may be regarded as foremost among the books to spread news of the discoveries in Asia and America to readers in Europe” – Bell. “This book is not a jewel, it is a cluster of jewels” – Rodrigues. “After Columbus’ letters, this is the most important contribution to the early history of American discovery” – Sabin. “It is evident from the contents, and as Rodrigues observes, that everything in this book of great importance...A work of the greatest interest for Brazilians” – Borba de Moraes. Lawrence Wroth, quoted in Americana Beginnings, says Montalboddo’s collection “has done more than any single agency to disseminate throughout Europe knowledge of the New Worlds of the West, the far South, and the far East.” “The most important vehicle for the dissemination throughout Renaissance Europe of the news of the great discoveries both in the east and the west” – PMM. “One of the most important contributions to the early history of America” – Church catalogue. European Americana locates only twelve institutional copies of this Milan edition. “This book is of excessive rarity” – Sabin.

A handsomely printed edition with an extremely important map of Africa and western Asia. Very rare on the market, very desirable, and of primary importance in the history of the exploration of the Americas and of the first European penetration into the Far East and Africa.

CHURCH 27. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 508/4. PRINTING AND THE MIND OF MAN 42. SABIN 50058. HARRISSE (BAV) 58. BORBA DE MORAES, p.580. PENROSE SALE 172 (this copy). RODRIGUES 1295. JCB (3)I:46. BRUNET 3/474. LeCLERC 2808.

BELL F169. STREIT XV:713. STREETER, AMERICANA BEGINNINGS 3 (1507 ed). Lach, Asia in the Making of Europe I, pp.163-64. MAGGS 519:24. $275,000.

Very Early Americana Reference: A Royal Copy 4. Simonetta, Bonifacio: DE CHRISTIANE FIDEI ET ROMANORUM PONTIFICUM PERSECUTIONIBUS. Basel: Nicolaus Kesler, 1509. [6], 156,[2] leaves. Folio. Early 18th-century Danish royal binding of speckled calf, spine elaborately gilt with crowned double monogram of Christian VI at head, bottom four compartments gilt with Danish royal arms; front and rear covers gilt and stamped in blind, with a central inlay of speckled and plain calf cut to a lozenge and semi-circle design. Royal stamp on front pastedown, pencil note (“Dupl bibl R”) on front free endpaper. Internally crisp and clean except for some worming throughout and waterstaining on lower corner of final few leaves. A near fine copy.

Second Latin edition of Simonetta’s principal work, following the first edition printed in Milan in 1492/93. The mention of the West Indies on the verso of leaf 101 is of interest in documenting early published references to the New World. This mention is found in one of 179 letters written by the author interspersed throughout the text,

which is primarily concerned with a history of Christian persecution. Simonetta’s correspondence is addressed to a wide circle of Simonetta’s contemporaries, including close acquaintances, family members, and renowned figures of the Renaissance such as Lorenzo de Medici, Ludovico Sforza, and Pico della Mirandola. The topics of the letters range over a variety of topics including classical history, mythology, geography, medicine, physics, and astronomy.

Although not cited in European Americana, the reference to the New World is also found in the first edition, published in Milan (not before 11) January 1492. The Milanese year was reckoned in the modern style from the mid-15th century, though still from Christmas prior to 1500, and perhaps the Milanese printer simply forgot to update the year accordingly. Still, the appearance of a reference to the New World in the pre-1500 edition is puzzling, as there should not be any mention of the West Indies before the first publication of the Columbus Letter in March 1493.

A very good copy of this early 16th-century Americanum, in a fine 18th-century royal binding. European Americana lists only four copies (New York Public Library, Hispanic Society, University of Wisconsin, and the British Library).

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 509/10. ADAMS (CAMBRIDGE) S1184. PROCTOR 14078.

$13,500.

One of the First Works Describing the Portuguese Conquest of Malacca, and One of the First Images of an American Indian 5. Manuel I, King of Portugal: ABTRUCK AINS LATEINNISCHEN

SANDTBRIEVES AN BABSTLICHE HEILIGKEIT, VON KUNIGKLICHER WURDEN ZU PORTEGALL DIS IARS AUSGANGEN VON DER EROBERE STAT MALACHA: ANDEREN KÜNIGRYCHEN UND HERSCHAFFTEN IN INDIA AUCH GEGEN AUSSGANG DER SUNNEN ERSTLICH ZU ROM IN LATEIN GETRUCKT UND NACHMALN IN TEÜSCH GEBRACHT. [Strassburg: Matthias Hüpfüff, 1513]. [7] leaves, including woodcut titlepage illustration (3¼ x 4½ inches), plus final integral blank leaf.

Quarto. Dbd., leather tab on foredge of first leaf. Slight soiling and dampstaining in margins. A very good copy. In a half morocco box. [See front cover of

this catalogue for illustration] An extremely rare German translation of a newsletter first issued in Latin and published in Rome in 1513, reporting the Portuguese conquest of Malacca in 1511 and describing its rich potential as a commercial center. No copies of this seven-leaf edition are recorded in OCLC or RLIN, and only a single copy of another 1513 German translation, printed in Augsburg and consisting of five leaves, is located in the U.S., at the James Ford Bell Library. However, the British Library holds copies of both translations, and the imprint information for this edition is based on Robert Proctor’s research on German books in the British Museum.

The letter from Manuel I to Pope Leo X relates the conquest of Malacca by Portuguese military commander Afonso de Albuquerque in June 1511. In addition to providing details of this victorious battle, the report includes descriptions of the wealth to be found in the region and the importance of the city as a trading nexus. In particular, the text emphasizes how courteously the merchants were treated in order to ensure future commerce. Albuquerque’s voyages and military exploits between 1503 and 1515 were instrumental in consolidating Portugal’s expansion to India and Malaya.

The present pamphlet also records his actions after he departed from Malaya and returned to Goa in 1512. These include descriptions of skirmishes with the Moors and embassies to other parts of India and Asia related to the payment of tribute to the Portuguese crown. As in the descriptions of Malacca, the potential wealth to be found in the region is emphasized.

While the text of the pamphlet is entirely about the East Indies, the titlepage contains one of the earliest illustrations of an American Indian. The woodcut on the titlepage shows a native man and native woman on either side of an armorial shield

immediately below a royal crown. The naked woman, with a flowering plant in her left hand, holds the bottom of the crown with her other hand as the man steadies the shield with his left hand and grasps a bow with his right hand. The man, with full beard, wears a feather crown, skirt, and leg decorations. This woodcut is exactly the same as that illustrating the titlepage of an earlier German newsletter reporting Portuguese activities in the East, Manuel I’s Geschichte Kurtzlich Durch die von Portugalien in India, Morenland, und Andern Erdtrich, published in Nuremburg circa 1507. This portrayal of the man, in turn, appears to be derived from images of South American Indians found in an illustrated Vespucci broadside printed in Nuremberg circa 15051506 (see European Americana 505/11, and illustrated on the cover of the Wolfenbüttel exhibition catalogue) and broadsides based on Vespucci’s third voyage printed in Augsburg circa 1505-1506 (European Americana 505/13 and 505/14). The publisher of the present work also issued an illustrated edition of Vespucci in 1505, although not this one (see Church 22 for a reproduction). Of course, at this early time Europeans might well have supposed that the East Indians of Malacca and the natives Vespucci encountered in the New World were the same people. All of these broadsides and pamphlets, including the present work, were published within seven or eight years in three different centers of German printing.

A remarkably rare early German newsletter reporting on Portuguese military and commercial activities in Malacca and India. No copies on OCLC, RLIN, or VD16; a single copy located at the British Library.

PROCTOR, INDEX OF GERMAN BOOKS 1501-1520 IN THE BRITISH MUSEUM, p.31, no. 10035. BELL M125 (variant translation, [5] leaves). OCLC 35837666 (variant translation, [5] leaves, James Ford Bell only). HOWGEGO A43 (Albuquerque). PENROSE SALE 156 (for woodcut illustration in the 1507 Nuremburg Geschichte...) (ref). DEÀK, PICTURING AMERICA 4 (illustrated broadside, ca. 1505) (ref). GLASER, ENGRAVED AMERICA, p.16 (illustrated Vespucci broadside, 1505-6) (ref). EXHIBITION OF THE DUKE AUGUST LIBRARY WOLFENBUTTEL; THE NEW WORLD IN THE TREASURES OF AN OLD EUROPEAN LIBRARY, 1976 (see cover illustration and entry 3) (ref). $125,000.

The First Modern Atlas and an Important Piece of Early New World Cartographica 6. Ptolemy, Claudius: GEOGRAPHIE OPUS NOVISSIMA TRADUC-

TIONE E GRECORUM ARCHETYPIS CASTIGATISSIME PRESSUM. Strassburg: Johann Schott, March 12, 1513. Two parts in bound in one volume. Title-leaf, dedication leaf, 5-60 numbered leaves, [14 unnumbered leaves forming an index], twenty-seven woodcut “ancient” maps (26 double-page), [supplement title-leaf], twenty woodcut “modern” maps (19 double-page, the final single-page map of Lorraine printed in three colors), [15 unnumbered text leaves]. Folio, 17 3/16 x 12 inches. Expertly bound to style in 18th-century red morocco, paneled in gilt on the covers, spine simply gilt in seven compartments with raised bands, lettered in gilt in the second compartment. Margins of four of the “ancient maps shaved with slight loss to the

printed marginal notes [3] or the image area [1], six of the “modern” maps shaved with loss (one with loss to the marginal notes, five with loss to the image area), unobtrusive worming in lower blank margins of text leaves to H1, single worm track from B5 to the end through text and image areas, a second track from title through to G2 through text only. In a half morocco and cloth clamshell box, spine gilt. Provenance: Occasional early marginal notes in two scripts, in red or black ink; Barlow (sale February 1890, bought by); Alfred T. White (pencilled inscription, noting purchase).

A unique copy of the first modern atlas, including two maps in early proof states. A monumental and important work, containing critical New World information, derived from the latest voyages of exploration. “The most important of all the Ptolemy editions” (Streeter), including the earliest map devoted entirely to the new world.

This copy has been carefully compared with the copy in the Library of the State University of Utrecht, Holland, that was used to produce the Theatrum Orbis Terrarum facsimile in 1966. The present copy shows significant variation from the Utrecht copy and from the descriptions given in the standard bibliographies. At least thirteen pages of text are in a different setting: M2 recto and verso; M3 recto and verso; [N1] recto and verso; Nii recto and verso; Niii recto; Niiii verso; Nv recto and verso; Nvi recto and verso. Perhaps more significantly, two of the maps are in an earlier state: both maps normally include both woodcut and letterpress elements. The “ancient” map of Great Britain and Ireland “Tabula Prima Europae” is without all the letterpress marginal notes and some words from within the image area (“Oceanus Germanicus” and “et Britannicus”); in addition, the letterpress words that are present are all in a different setting.

The final color-printed map of Lorraine is without the letterpress colophon to the second part, which is normally printed in the margin beneath the map (the Phillips copy, number 359, also shows this variation). In addition it includes one place name (“Walde Mone”) printed in red that was removed in the Utrecht version. A third intermediate issue, with the letterpress colophon and the additional place name in red, is illustrated by Bagrow in History of Cartography, plate LXXV. The present copy was in the collection of noted collector Alfred T. White, and contains his pencil ownership inscription on the front fly leaf.

This masterful atlas is one of the most important cartographical works ever published. Known as the first “modern” edition of Ptolemy, it is usually accepted as the most important edition of the Geographica.... The first part of this atlas consists of twenty-seven Ptolemaic maps, taken from the 1482 Ulm Ptolemy, or perhaps the manuscript atlas of Nicolaus Germanus upon which the Ulm Ptolemy was based.

Work on the twenty maps in the Supplement began around the year 1505 by Martin Waldseemuller and Mathias Ringmann, geographers based in Saint-Dié, and was partially funded by Duke Rene of Lorraine. The accompanying text was completed a bit later, and in 1508 all of the materials for the atlas passed into the hands of two Strassburg citizens, Jacobus Eszler and Georgius Ubelin, at whose cost the work was completed in 1513.

Among the twenty “modern maps” (the maps in the Supplement are labeled as “Nova” and “Moderna et Nova”) which appear in this edition for the first time, “Orbis Typis Universalis” and “Tabula Terre Nova,” stand as important examples of early New World cartographica. Indeed, the latter is considered the earliest map devoted entirely to the New World, and depicts the coast of American in a continuous line from the northern latitude of 55° to Rio de Cananor at the southern latitude of 35°, with about sixty places named. The other map, “Orbis Typis,” depicts the outline of northeastern South America, with five names along that coast, and the islands Isabella and Spagnolla, and another fragmentary coast, as well as an outline of Greenland. The text states that the New World maps are based upon geographical information obtained from “the Admiral,” possibly a reference to Vespucci, Cabral, or Columbus. The latter is actually referred to by name on the “Tabula Terre Nova” map, and is described as a Genoese sailing under command of the king of Castile.

With the twenty modern maps of the Supplement, compiled from the latest available voyages, this atlas holds rightful title to being the first modern atlas of the world.

The atlas also contains the first map of Lorraine, which is one of the earliest maps to be printed in color, each color produced with a separate block (black, red and green).

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 513/6. HARRISSE 74. JCB (3)I:57-58. SABIN 66478.

SHIRLEY, WORLD MAPS 34. STREETER SALE 6. PHILLIPS ATLASES 359. WORLD ENCOMPASSED 56. Bagrow, HISTORY OF CARTOGRAPHY, p.126. PANZER VI:283.

PROCTOR 10271. SHIRLEY, BRITISH ISLES 10. Stevens, Ptolemy’s Geography (1908), p.44.

$600,000.

With an Americana Reference, Not in Harrisse 7. [Charles V, King of Spain and Holy Roman Emperor]: CAROLI.RO.

REGIS. RECESSVRI ADLOCUTIO IN.CONVENTV.HISPANIARUM. [Augsburg? 1520]. [4]pp. Small quarto. Later plain paper boards. Marginal tears and old fold marks with slight discoloration, else very good.

“After the death of Ferdinand II, Charles V succeeded to the Kingdom of Spain. In 1517 he proceeded to Spain, which he left in 1520. At his departure he was very unpopular; he made this speech when he left and said, ‘That he did not see the happy faces with which he had been received.’ He also mentions America in the following words: ‘He might have been satisfied with the Spanish Empire, the Balearic Islands and Sardinia, the Kingdom of Sicily, Italy and a large part of Germany and Gaul, AND THAT OTHER GOLD-BEARING WORLD” – Maggs.

European Americana locates only two copies, at The New York Public Library and the Bibliothèque Nationale. There is also a Rome edition, of which a copy is located at Harvard. The present copy appears to be the only one offered for sale in this century.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 520/17. MAGGS BIBLIOTHECA AMERICANA I:33 (this copy). PALAU 44419. ROTHSCHILD 3137. $7500.

Cortés’ Second Letter: The Conquest of Mexico 8. [Cortés, Hernando, and Peter Martyr]: PRAECLARA FERDINADI

CORTESII DE NOVA MARIS OCEANI HYSPANIA NARRATIO .... [bound with:] DE REBUS, ET INSULIS NOVITER REPERTIS....

[Nuremberg: Fridericus Peypus], 1524. [4],49,[1],12 leaves. Full-page armorial insignia on verso of titlepage. Lacks the portrait of Pope Clement VII (which is not found in all copies) and the folding map. Tall quarto. Contemporary blindstamped calf over oak boards, with clasps on front board. Worn at spine ends, upper outer corner of rear board chipped. A bit of minor worming and staining.

A very good copy, in its original binding.

The first Latin edition of Cortés’ second letter, after its original publication in Seville in 1522. The work was translated by Petrus Savorgnanus. This copy lacks the portrait of Pope Clement VII on the verso of the fourth preliminary leaf, which is not found with all copies.

Cortés’ second letter, dated Oct. 30, 1520, provides a vivid account of the people he encountered and fought en route to Tenochtitlan, painting a picture of an impressive empire centered around a great city. He relates his scrape with rival Velazquez and gives a wonderful description of the buildings, institutions, and court at Tenochtitlan.

It is here that Cortés provides a definitive name for the country, calling it “New Spain of the Ocean Sea.” This letter is also important for making reference to Cortés’ “lost” first letter, supposedly composed at Vera Cruz on July 10, 1520. Whether that letter was actually lost or suppressed by the Council of the Indies is unknown, but there is little doubt it once existed. The text is the first major announcement to the world of the discovery of major civilizations in the New World, and as such is a work of surpassing importance.

As usual, the second letter is here bound with Peter Martyr’s De Rebus, et Insulis Noviter Repertis..., which provides an account of the recently discovered islands of the West Indies and their inhabitants. It is often considered a substitute for the lost first Cortés letter.

This copy bears the circa 1660 bookplate of Iohan Albrecht Von und Zu Haimhausen on the front pastedown, as well as the signature of Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius. It also bears the gilt bookplate of John Murray, and a pencil note reading: “Letters of Cortes given me by Dr. Martius May 1833.” This copy lacks the very rare map, which shows Mexico City and the Gulf of Mexico.

One of the most important early descriptions of Mexico and the first encounter of the West with the Aztec civilization, and a work of bedrock importance to the New World. No complete copy has appeared for sale since 1985.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 524/5. SABIN 16947. HARRISSE (BAV) 125. SANZ 933934. MEDINA (BHA) 70. CHURCH 53. WINSOR 2:404. BURDEN 5. JCB GERMAN AMERICANA 524/4. STREETER SALE 190. $45,000.

The First Account of the Conquest of Mexico 9. Cortés, Hernando: LA PRECLARA NARRATIONE DI FER-

DINANDO CORTESE DELLE NUOVA HISPAGNA DEL MARE OCEANO.... Venice: Bernardinus de Viano, 1524. 73 leaves. Roman characters.

Woodcut border on title. Small quarto. Early limp vellum, lacking ties. Some minor edge chipping. Titlepage slightly tanned. Lacks the 74th leaf with printer’s device. Else internally crisp and nearly fine. In a half morocco and cloth box.

The first edition of Liburnio’s Italian translation of Cortés’ second and third letters, based on the Latin edition by Savorgnanus of the same year, which in turn is based on the 1522 Carta de Relacion printed at Seville. In this second letter, Cortés provides a vivid account of the people he encountered and fought en route to Tenochtitlan, painting a picture of an impressive empire centered around a great city. He relates his scrape with rival Velazquez and gives a wonderful description of the buildings, institutions, and court at Tenochtitlan. The third letter relates Cortés’ successful siege of Tenochtitlan and his consolidation of power over the Aztec empire. Some copies of this edition contain a plan of Mexico; however, the Church catalogue states: “Quaritch and others have doubted if such a map belongs to it; LeClerc records copies with and without the map....” A fine copy of a most important account by the conquistador of New Spain.

CHURCH 55. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 524/6. PALAU 63191. JCB (3)I:91. MEDINA (BHA) 86n. LeCLERC 399. MEDINA, ENSAYO BIO-BIBLIOGRAFICO SOBRE HERNÀN $8500.

CORTÉS 6. HARRISSE 129. SABIN 16951.

A Pioneering Collection of Voyages 10. [Huttich, Johann, comp]: DIE NEW WELT, DER LAND-

SCHAFTEN UNND INSULEN, SO BIS HIE HER ALLEN ALTWELTBESCHRYBERN UNBEKANT, JUNGST ABER VON DEN PORTUGALERSERN UNND HISPANIERN IM NIDERGENGLICHEN MEER HERFUNDEN.... Strassburg: Georgen Ulricher von Andla, 1534. [6],252 leaves printed in double columns. Small folio. Later half vellum and marbled boards, gilt leather label. Boards rubbed. Title-leaf and final text leaf expertly repaired. Quite clean internally. A handsome copy.

The first German language translation of this early and large collection of important voyages, many of which relate to America. Especially interesting among these are the first three voyages of Columbus, the voyages of Pinzon, and of Vespucci. It also includes a full translation of Peter Martyr’s Decades..., of which only a portion appeared in the 1532 edition, and Martyr’s De Legatione Babylonica. There are also accounts of the voyages and travels of Marco Polo, Cabral, Cada Mosto, and others. Translated from the Latin and expanded by Michael Herr from the 1532 Basel printing called Novis Orbis..., this edition is often attributed to Simon Grynaeus, who wrote the preface to the 1532 edition, though this volume’s preface is also by Herr.

“An invaluable collection, which reflects credit upon John Huttich, who alone compiled it” – Harrisse (the 1532 edition).

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 534/20. JCB (3)I:113. HARRISSE 188. STREIT I:33.

ARENTS (SUPPLEMENT) 2. SABIN 34106. STEVENS, HISTORICAL NUGGETS 2018. $22,500.

RICH 9.

Important Source for Primary Material on the New World 11. [Martyr, Peter]: [HISTORIA DE L’INDIE OCCIDENTALI.] LIBRO VLTIMO.... [Venice]. 1534. [15] leaves. Small quarto. Contemporary vellum. A few fox marks, trimmed close at the top. Else near fine, with a contemporary ownership inscription of a Jesuit priest on a rear fly leaf.

The third part, here in a separate issue, of this important collection of voyages and narratives, the work of several authors, although most bibliographers attribute it to Peter Martyr, a translation of whose work makes up the first section. This is one of the first attempts anywhere to collect a group of accounts of travel and exploration. It was probably assembled for publication by the Venetian, Giovanni Ramusio, later famous for his much larger collection of Navigationi..., which began publication in 1554.

The Historia... is divided into three books. This third part contains the first obtainable edition of a translation of an anonymously written tract entitled La Conquista de Peru, first published in Seville in 1534, of which only three copies survive. It gives the text of the tract in full. Both are among the first published accounts of the conquest of Peru.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 534/28. HARRISSE 190. CHURCH 69. ARENTS 3. JCB (3)I:114. SABIN 1565. STREETER SALE 13. $6500.

The First Great Chronicle of the New World by One Who Was There, Signed by the Author 12. Oviedo y Valdes, Gonzalo Hernandez de: LA HISTORIA GENERAL DE LAS INDIAS. Seville: Juan Cromberger, 1535. 197 leaves as follow: titleleaf, folios +1-3, folios 1-193. Plus in-text woodcuts. Marginal notes in at least three hands. Titlepage printed in red and black. Quarto. 17th-century vellum, yap edges, manuscript title on spine; recased, with the edges (especially the upper edge) of the binding repaired, new endpapers. Titlepage repaired along the edges, with the upper and lower blank margins replaced. Unevenly trimmed, often affecting the foliation or the chapter number in the upper margin, or the manuscript marginalia. Leaf 105 with repaired tears, including a dozen words in facsimile; several other leaves repaired at the edges, affecting a few words of text.

Overall, a very good copy. In a morocco clamshell box, spine gilt. [See rear

cover of this catalogue for illustration] This famous work is the most extensive book on the New World written up to the time of publication, and is one of the chief sources to this day for many of the facts

relating to the early history of the Spanish conquest of the New World. The colophon leaf is signed by Oviedo, as is found in some copies. Oviedo was a witness to that history from the beginning, having seen, as a young page at the Spanish court, the return of Columbus in 1493. In 1505 he went out to the Indies himself as an official, and subsequently served in a number of important administrative posts. Over the next three decades he kept extensive notes on the history of the Spanish in the New World and all he observed there, especially natural history and the Indians he encountered.

He also interviewed all of the Spanish explorers to whom he had access. In 1526 he published a short work on the natural history of the Indies, followed nine years later by the present work. His industry provides an extraordinary description of the period, one that his high offices and education gave him a unique ability to record.

Oviedo’s work is illustrated with numerous woodcuts, which are the earliest extant reliable pictures of things in the New World. These include a number of botanical subjects including prickly pear, as well as artifacts including the hammock, and natives, the most famous of which depicts Indians panning for gold. Oviedo was the first writer to gather detailed and accurate information on the natural history of the New World.

Over half of La Historia General... is devoted to natural history, especially focusing on plants and trees. Books 8 and 9 are entirely devoted to trees and plants, while books 10 and 11 cover plants with medicinal qualities. The illustrations which accompany these chapters are the earliest illustrations of American plants drawn from nature. Book 7 is entirely devoted to agriculture in the New World, describing cultivated fruits and plants raised for food by the Indians. Books 12, 13, 14, and 15 describe water animals (including his famous manatee description), birds, insects, and mammals.

The first edition of Oviedo’s book publishes the first nineteen parts of his history.

The twentieth part appeared as a part of Ramusio’s Viaggi... in 1551, and the remaining thirty were not published until 1851. This first edition is one of the outstanding early books on the New World, a foundation work regarding the period of the initial Spanish conquest.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 535/12. HARRISSE BAV 207. CHURCH 71. ARENTS, TOBACCO 4. MEDINA (BHA) 4. NISSEN ZOOLOGY 3032. JCB (3)I:118. CREATING AMERICA, YALE EXHIBITION 10. SERVIES, p.1. $225,000.

Men of Cajamarca: Two Eyewitness Accounts of Events 13. Xerez, Francisco de: LIBRO PRIMO DE LA CONQVISTA DEL

PERV & PROUINCIA DEL CUZCO DE LE INDIE OCCIDENTALI. [Colophon: Vinegia (i.e. Venice): Stampato per Stephano da Sabio, 1535]. [62] leaves. Quarto. 20th-century boards covered with a stone-pattern marbled paper. Old auction description on front pastedown, collector’s bookplate on front free endpaper, bookseller’s very small stamp on rear pastedown. Light discoloration to margins of first leaf and last leaf with a few small holes from insect damage (silverfish?) in blank area. A very good copy.

As one of the “Men of Cajamarca,” Francisco de Xerez holds a very special place among writers on the earliest period of Spanish contact with the Inca of Peru: He was there from day one, a member of the very small band of men who left Panama with Pizarro and Almagro to seek fame and fortune in South America. At Cajamarca he participated in the taking of the Inca leader, Atahualpa, the slaughter of his army, and the sharing of the ransom demanded of the Inca nation for the return of their leader. By training a notary public and practiced writer, he was by choice Pizarro’s secretary/ confidant, the two having been close since at least 1524, when they met in Panama; and when in 1534 he returned to Spain, he took with him his share of the wealth of Atahualpa, a broken leg, and a tale to tell that was significant, stirring, and in fact tellable by no other man. He conceived of his book as being at once a socially and politically useful celebration of Pizarro’s deeds and his own, a celebration of the glory of Spain as that was expressing itself in a remote and wondrous New World, and as a true entertainment cast in the tradition of the romance of chivalry; not surprisingly, it was a blockbuster.

Xerez’s eyewitness account of the conquest of Peru was originally published in Spain in 1534 in Spanish as the Verdadera Relación de la Conquista del Peru y Provincia del Cuzco Llamada la Nueva Castilla. Demand for news of the new, “exotic” kingdom of Peru, which had only been conquered in 1532, was found to be keen not only in Spain but all across Europe, leading to this rapid translation into Italian.

Appended to Xerez’s account (fols. [43v] to [55r]) is a translation of Miguel de Estete’s account of Pizarro’s army’s journey from Cajamarca to Pachacamac and then to Jauja. Estete too was present at Cajamarca and is said to have been the first Spaniard to lay hands on Atahuallpa.

Both of these first translations into Italian are from the pen of Domingo de Gaztelu (secretary of Don Lope de Soria, Charles V’s ambassador to Venice) and are taken from the second edition of the Spanish-language original. The text is printed in roman type and has a large heraldic woodcut device on the tittle-page and a xylographic printer’s device on the verso of the last leaf.

CHURCH 73. HARRISSE 200. SABIN 105721. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 535/21 HUTH 1628 $45,000.

ITEM 13.

Early Geographical Description of the World 14. Rithaymer, Georg: DE ORBIS TERRARUM SITUA COMPENDIUM. Nuremberg: Johann Petri, 1538. [8],111pp., including a full-page map of the world and its zones. Small quarto. Modern calf, spine gilt, raised bands. A few instances of early manuscript notes in the margins. Minor, expert repair to the foredge of the titlepage. Light, even tanning. A very handsome copy.

The first and only edition of a geographical description of the world whose last chapter, “De Terris et Insulis nuper repertis,” is devoted to the Americas. Amerigo Vespucci is named as the discoverer of the New World, which Rithaymer dubs “America” in his honor. The chapter also includes references to Temiscela (Mexico), Haiti, Cuba, and Brazil, and reports two islands discovered under the auspices of Ferdinand and Isabella, but with no mention of the discoverer. There is also information on Java, Madagascar, and Zypangrus (Japan). The map, a sphere with Europe, Africa, and Asia at its center, is not noted by Shirley. Rithaymer, a native of Mariazell in Styria, relates much detailed information, based on his personal knowledge and observations,

and on sources such as Vadianus, Ziegler, and Tornadel. Not in Borba de Moraes, Church, or Medina. OCLC locates only two copies, at Yale and the University of Minnesota. Rare and significant.

HARRISSE, ADDITIONS 119. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 538/10. KRAUS, AMERICANA VETUSTISSIMA 45. SABIN 71582. JCB (3)1:124-5. OCLC 40522276. $16,000.

A Rare Edition 15. [Apianus, Petrus]: COSMOGRAPHIAE INTRODUCTIO CUM

QUIBUSDAM GEOMETRIAE AC ASTRONOMIAE PRINCIPIIS AD EAM REM NECESSARIIS. Venice: Jo. Antonium de Nicolinus de Sabio, 1541. 24 leaves. Woodcut vignette of an astrolabe encompassing the globe on the titlepage; Melchior’s device of a cat holding a mouse on verso of final leaf. Several woodcuts throughout text. Small octavo. Later vellum. Covers bowed. Light old stain at foredge of first four leaves. Very good. In a half morocco and cloth box.

An abridgement of Apianus’ 1524 Cosmographicus Liber, first published in this version in 1533. The Cosmographicus Liber remains a foundation work of cosmography, being notable for “the division of the earth into climatic zones, the uses of parallels and meridians, the determination of latitude, several methods for determining longitude including that of lunar distance, the use of trigonometry to determine distances, several types of map projections, and many other topics” (Karrow). Apianus owes much of his early work to the eminent Martin Waldseemuller, often making only minor changes to his maps and then publishing them as his own. With the publication of the present work, Apianus separates himself from his past near-plagiarism and becomes a cartographic force in his own right. This edition omits the chapters on America and is therefore not included in European Americana, though it is recorded by Harrisse and Sabin.

There is, however, a mention of America on leaf C6. OCLC locates only six copies.

Rare.

KARROW, p.53. SABIN 1746. HARRISSE (BAV) 236. BELL A272. JCB (3)I:129. OCLC 18730682, 54283456. JCB GERMAN AMERICANA 541/1. $3500.

“The earliest representation of the north-west coast of America on a printed map” – Burden 16. Solinus, C. Julius: POLYHISTOR, RERUM TOTO ORBE MEMORABILIUM THESAURUS LOCUPLETISSIMUS. Basel: Michael Isingrin, 1543. [20],230,[2]pp. plus two folding maps and eighteen intext maps. Woodcut vignette on titlepage and final leaf. Folio. 18th-century three-quarter calf and marbled boards, spine gilt, morocco label. Boards a bit bowed, spine slightly wormed. A few leaves very lightly tanned, two small worm holes in outer margin of final four leaves. Very good.

Second edition, after the first of 1538. A landmark in the mapping of North America, this collection of geographic accounts, edited by Sebastian Münster, contains “the earliest representation of the north-west coast of America on a printed map” (Burden).

It takes the form of a land mass in the upper right corner of the folding “Asia Major” map, extending northwest, labeled “Terra Incognita,” and shown with a small bay, trees, and hills. The cartographer of the map is unidentified, though Wagner asserts that it was drawn by Münster.

Julius Solinus (ca. 250 A.D.) was a Roman geographer of some repute. His Polyhistor... was first published by Nicholas Jenson in Venice in 1473, and Isingrin’s edition of 1538 was the first to contain maps by Münster. Münster also added notes to the text containing up-to-date geographic information. Burden further notes that the Asia Major map shows one of the first delineations of a strait between Asia and America, some two hundred years before Bering’s voyages to the region. It is also the first work to include a printed map of Asia as a whole. A significant work of geography, containing a seminal image of the northwest coast of North America.

BURDEN 11. WAGNER NORTHWEST COAST, p.9. HARRISSE BAV ADDITIONS 143. JCB GERMAN BOOKS 543/2. $15,000.

Early Navigation Guide to the Americas 17. Biondo, Michelangelo: DE VENTIS ET NAVIGATIONE LIBELLVS

AVTTORE MICHAELE ANGELO BLONDO INQVO NAVIGATIONIS VTILISSIMA CONTINETVR DOCTRINA CVM PIXIDE NOUO, & DILIGENTE EXAMINE VENTORUM ET TEMPESTATUM. [Venice: Apud Cominum de Tridino Montisferrati, 1546]. 18 leaves, including in-text illustrations. Small quarto. Modern brown morocco, gilt-lettered spine. Minute toning. Bookseller’s label on front pastedown, old library label on verso of front free endpaper. Contemporary manuscript ownership inscription on titlepage. Contemporary underscoring on verso of third text leaf. Very good.

The true first edition of Biondo’s text. According to European Americana, a purported 1544 edition (Sabin 5517) is a ghost. “The latter parts of this book, titled ‘Nove navigationis doctrina’ and ‘De navigatione oceani ad novum orbem,’ treat new methods used in navigation” – Bell. Chapter XXV discusses the New World in particular, focusing on the polar regions and their magnetic attributes. The several charts show cardinal directions, meridians, and more.

A fundamental early treatise on navigation, and quite rare. No copies appear in auction records.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 546/3. SABIN 5518. HARRISSE 274. JCB (3)I:144. MAGGS BIBLIOTHECA AMERICANA 429:3955. BELL B279. OCLC 29524787, 31886478

$11,000.

“The most complete statement of navigational science to date” – PMM 18. Cortes, Martin: BREVE COMPENDIO DE LA SPHERA Y DE LA

ARTE DE NAVEGAR / CON NUEVOS INSTRUMENTOS Y REGLAS / EXEMPLIFICADO CON MUY SUBTILES DEMONSTRACIONES. Seville: Anton Alvarez, 1551. 95,[3] leaves. Several woodcut illustrations, initials, and charts throughout the text, including a full-page woodcut map, “Nuevo Mundo,” on the recto of leaf 67. Lacks the volvelles. Titlepage printed in red and black. Folio. 18th-century stiff vellum over pasteboard, manuscript title on spine. Bookplate on front free endpaper. Two small rust holes in lower part of titlepage, lower outer corner of titlepage repaired. A few instances of early ink marginalia. Foredge of leaves 87 and 88 torn with no loss of text. An occasional old light stain, but generally quite clean. A very good copy. In a morocco clamshell box, spine gilt.

First edition of this groundbreaking early work on navigation, with mention of discoveries in the Americas and featuring an extremely important map of the New World.

The map of “Nuevo Mundo” that Cortes included with his treatise first appeared in Medina’s Arte de Navegar in 1545. Burden notes that the map is based on firsthand knowledge, as Medina travelled with Cortes. The map shows the east coast of the Americas from Canada to just below the bulge of South America, with the mouth of the Mississippi River clearly visible. “The map depicts the trade routes to and from Spain and her possessions by the use of ships heading south-westerly on the outward bound journey and returning via the Gulf Stream to the north-east. The Papal demarcation line dividing the Americas between Portugal (the land to its east) and Spain (to its west) runs vividly through the map, illustrating for the first time the future influence that the former was to have over the country we know of as Brazil. Central America and particularly the Isthmus of Panama are shown remarkably accurately, and the Yucatan is shown correctly as a peninsula...A clearly identifiable Gulf of St. Lawrence begins to take shape following the voyages of Jacques Cartier” – Burden.

The text includes early and significant information about American places, including Brazil, Peru, Rio de la Plata, and others.

Martin Cortes (1532-89) was a cosmographer descended from a prominent Aragon family. His book is a great advancement over Pedro Medina’s better-known Arte de Navegar (1545), and it was Cortes who inspired William Bourne to write Regiment of the Sea (1574), the first printed original treatise on navigation by an Englishman.

Cortes’ work is divided into three parts: an initial section on the cosmos, the size of the earth, and geographical climates; a second section on the courses of the sun and moon, the seasons, tides, and weather; and a practical manual on navigation and the construction of navigational instruments. The text includes a table of the sun’s declination for four years, and another of the distance between meridians at every degree of latitude.

“His instructions for making charts and for plotting courses of ships on them were widely

ITEM 18.

followed. Most important of all, he first understood and described the magnetic variation of the compass, suggesting that the magnetic pole and the true pole of the earth were not the same” – PMM. Cortes’ work was translated into English in 1561 and became a fundamentally important work for British navigators as Great Britain became the world’s dominant ocean-going power.

A landmark work on navigation, with an important early map of the Americas.

PRINTING AND THE MIND OF MAN 76. SABIN 16966. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 551/16. BORBA DE MORAES, p.219 BURDEN 14 (Medina printing of the map). JCB (3)1:163. MEDINA (BHA) 145. PALAU 63378. $225,000.

The Primary Account of the History of Peru Before the Conquest 19. Cieza de León, Pedro de: LA CHRONICA DEL PERU,

NUEVAMENTE ESCRITA, POR PEDRO DE CIEÇA DE LEON, VEZINO DE SEVILLA. Antwerp: Martin Nucio, 1554. [8],204 leaves, with forty-one woodcuts in the text. Woodcut vignette on titlepage. 12mo. Contemporary limp vellum, lacking ties. Vellum attached to text block with ties through foredges of pastedowns only. Slight age toning, occasional dampstaining, minor soiling on leaf 55. A very good copy. In a half morocco and cloth box.

One of two 1554 Antwerp editions of Cieza de León’s highly regarded history of Peru, and the earliest obtainable edition, following the first edition printed in Seville the previous year. The author, the foremost soldier-chronicler of the conquest, served under Pedro de La Gasca in his campaign against Gonzalo Pizarro during the civil war in Peru in the years following the conquest. “After the end of the civil war, he travelled extensively throughout Peru in order to collect information on both the conquest and the Inca world, with the clear intent of writing the first major history of Peru. When he returned to Spain in 1550, he managed to publish only the first part of his work...a thorough description of the land and people of Peru. It includes both the cities founded by the Spaniards, such as Lima and Quito, and the first documented descriptions of Inca cities and their customs. His wealth of information is the result of personal observation, the scrutiny of reports and official papers, and oral reports from Quechua Indians” – Delgado-Gomez.

Considered the earliest history of the entire viceroyalty of Peru, La Chronica... is illustrated throughout with forty-one half-page woodcuts, several of which appear multiple times. In addition to numerous images of building activities, possibly derived from earlier works on European architecture and monuments, the illustrations include images of the devil, indigenous animals, the former Inca capital of Cuzco, Lake Titicaca, and Potosí. “A European vision of America sometimes enhanced by fantastic elements. In one of them, the devil, believed to be hard at work in the New World, is shown as he keeps the inhabitants from leading a virtuous Christian life, and in another, Lake Titicaca, located on the desolate Andean altiplano, looks curiously like a canal in the city of Venice. The illustration of the Cerro de Potosí, the fabled “silver mountain” of the Indies is an exception. Because it was based on an original drawing done by the chronicler himself, it more accurately depicts the real place” – Johnson.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 554/15. SABIN 13045. MEDINA (BHA) 161. FIELD 314 (1553 ed.). JOHNSON, THE BOOK IN THE AMERICAS 32 (1553 ed). DELGADOGOMEZ, SPANISH HISTORICAL WRITING ABOUT THE NEW WORLD 26 (1553 ed).

$37,500.

ITEM 19.

A Conquistador’s Narrative, of Paramount Importance for the Early History of La Plata 20. Irala, Domingo Martinez de: [MANUSCRIPT, SIGNED BY

DOMINGO MARTINEZ DE IRALA, FOR THE EMPEROR CHARLES V AND THE COUNCIL OF THE INDIES, NARRATING HIS ACTIONS AND EXPLORATIONS AS THE DE FACTO GOVERNOR OF LA PLATA FROM 1545 TO 1555]. Asuncion [now Paraguay]. 1555. [4] leaves, approximately 3,500 words. Folio. Bound in limp red morocco for Sir Thomas Phillipps at the Middle Hill bindery. Fine. In a half morocco box.

An extraordinary manuscript of the greatest importance for the early history and exploration of South America. Written by the famed conquistador, Domingo Martinez de Irala, it narrates for the Emperor Charles V and his Council of the Indies the history of the Province of La Plata and Irala’s activities and explorations during the decade from 1545 to 1555, a period when the Province was virtually cut off from Spain. This manuscript must rank as one of the most important in the early history of the Americas still in private hands.

Irala is the dominant figure in the early history of the Province of La Plata. He left Spain with the Mendoza expedition in 1534, a young Biscayan adventurer full of ambition. He played a distinguished part in the many Indian fights over the next five years, and was one of the founders of Asuncion in 1539. The deaths of the leaders of the expedition and Irala’s natural abilities caused him to be elected governor the same year. In 1540, Alvar Nunez Cabeça de Vaca, already famous for his exploits in North America, was appointed governor of La Plata by Charles V, and arrived in Asuncion in March 1542. Unwisely, he retained Irala as lieutenant-governor. The two were frequently at cross-purposes over the next two years, and in 1544, Irala staged a coup and imprisoned Cabeça de Vaca. The following year Irala shipped his prisoner back to Spain, along with several of his partisans, to justify his actions and ask for his formal appointment as governor of La Plata.

For the next ten years, the period covered by the present manuscript, Irala held power as de facto governor of La Plata, but without an official appointment. He was keenly aware of the tenuous nature of his position and made various attempts to be officially appointed. This manuscript was clearly written to further that endeavor, justifying Irala’s own actions and ending with a plea for appointment. In the meantime, several plans to replace him were stymied by the deaths of the officially appointed governors before they could take office, and other strokes of fate. Either because of this 1555 letter or bowing to reality, in 1556, the year of his death, Irala was officially appointed to the position he had held so long. In fact, news of his appointment reached him only a few weeks before his demise. With the exception of Cabeça de Vaca’s two years as governor, Irala had been the effective ruler of La Plata from 1539 to 1556, making him by far the most important conquistador of the territory.

This manuscript provides a detailed account of Irala’s actions in the decade from the deposing of Cabeça de Vaca to his own appointment as governor, from 1545 to 1555. He first describes his explorations up the Parana in 1545, as far as 16° south.

Then in 1546, Irala led an expedition to the borders of Peru, almost as far as the mines at Potosi. There he was warned by the Viceroy to stay out of Peru, but camped in the foothills of the Andes and sent his trusted lieutenant, Nuflo de Chaves, to Lima to see the Viceroy, the first overland expedition from La Plata across the continent. Nuflo de Chaves transmitted the first of Irala’s petitions to officially be made governor.

After an absence of almost two years, Irala returned to Asuncion to discover a coup had taken place, led by soldiers still loyal to Cabeça de Vaca. He describes his efforts to suppress this rebellion and justifies his actions. With the period of strife over, Irala sent Nuflo de Chaves on further explorations, and conducted more campaigns against

various Indian tribes. During all of this time there was very little communication with Spain, and Irala’s province was virtually a world unto itself. This manuscript sheds considerable light on this period, the first part of which is covered elsewhere by the narrative of the German mercenary, Hulderico Schmidel, but the latter years of which are very poorly documented.

Finally, in June 1555 a ship arrived from Spain with instructions (but still no appointment) for Irala. The present narrative, evidently written in July 1555, was clearly intended to be sent back with that ship. Written in a secretarial hand, it is signed by Irala (here translated into English): “Most powerful Lords, your least servant who kisses your royal hands and feet, Domingo de Irala.”

This is one of two known copies of this manuscript, the other being in the Archive of the Indies. That copy contains some variants in spelling and form, and has been published in R. de Lafuente Machain’s Domingo de Irala (Buenos Aires, 1939). The present manuscript’s provenance begins with diplomat-bookseller Obadiah Rich, who acquired it in Spain sometime after 1815 and sold it to the collector, Lord Kingsborough.

At the Kingsborough sale it passed to Sir William Betham, and later to the famous British collector of manuscripts, Sir Thomas Phillipps, who had it bound in its present limp red morocco binding. It was later sold at one of the Phillipps dispersal sales, in 1938, and has been off the market ever since.

A manuscript of the utmost importance and interest.

PHILLIPPS MSS. 13301 (see PHILLIPPS STUDIES 4:182). R. de Lafuente Machain, Domingo de Irala (Buenos Aires, 1939), pp.499-509. Fernando de Valle Lersundi, Irala, Algunos Documentos... (Madrid, 1932) (compare signature illustrated on p.27). Julian M. Rubio, Exploracion $160,000. y Conquista de Rio de la Plata Siglos XIV y XVII (Barcelona, 1942).

The Account of the Secretary of Cortes 21. Lopez de Gomara, Francisco: LA HISTORIA GENERALE DELLE

INDIE OCCIDENTALI, CON TUTTI LI DISCOPRIMENTI, & COSE NOTABILI, CHE IN ESSE SONNO SUCCESSE, DA CHE FI ACQUISTORNO FINO AHORA. Rome: Valerio & Luigi Dorici, 1556. [2],211,[1] leaves, including two woodcuts. Quarto. Later vellum, yapp edges. Vellum dust soiled. Old bookseller’s label adhered to front pastedown.

Internally clean and bright. Very good.

The first Italian edition of one of the most important early chronicles of the Spanish conquest of the New World, and one of the two chief accounts of Cortes’ conquest of Mexico, the other being provided by Bernal Diaz.

Lopez de Gomara was Cortes’ secretary for a number of years, and made use of his unparalleled opportunity to gather information from the primary source relating to the extraordinary exploits surrounding the overthrow of the Aztec empire. The work was first published in Zaragosa in 1552, and quickly went through a number of editions in Spain, Italy, and the Low Countries. Dedicated to Cosmo de Medici, this edition is enhanced by two woodcuts, the first of what appears to represent a buffalo, and the

second being an elaborate printer’s device on the verso of the last leaf. A rare account of the Mexican conquest.

WAGNER SPANISH SOUTHWEST 2N. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 556/22. SABIN $6000.

27736. MEDINA (BHA) 159N.

With an Early Map of the New World 22. Chaves, Hieronymo de: CHRONOGRAPHIA O REPORTORIO DE

LOS TIMEPOS EL MAS COPIOSO Y PRECISO QUE HAST AHORA HA SALIDO A LUZ. Seville: Juan Gutierrez, 1561. [9],219 leaves. Woodcut map of the New World on the verso of leaf i4, woodcut map of Eastern Hemisphere on the verso of leaf i1. Woodcut illustrations and initials throughout. Woodcut portrait of the author on the titlepage. Small quarto.

Contemporary limp vellum. Foredge of titlepage worn and with several small closed tears, but no loss of content. Institutional ink stamp of the Jesuit College at Cordoba on verso of titlepage. Several instances of neat, early ink notes and emendations. A very good copy. In a half morocco box.

The extremely rare fourth edition of Chaves’ important early work on chronography and astronomy, featuring an early map of the New World. The first edition appeared in Seville in 1548, followed by editions printed in that same city in 1550 and 1554.

Chaves (1523-74) was a distinguished mathematician, cosmographer, and poet living in Seville, and the first occupant of the chair for cosmography at the Casa de Contractacion. He was one of the first cosmographers to publish a map of the New World, appearing on the verso of leaf 68 in this edition. Chaves’ New World map is an early and notable map of North and South America. Burden notes that the map “does show knowledge of some of the latest geographical findings; the Gulf of California and Cartier’s expeditions in Canada. The Yucatan is correctly shown as a peninsula.” The map is surrounded by twelve named windheads. The map of the Eastern Hemisphere names the continents of Europe, Asia, and Africa. The illustrations include several representations of solar eclipses with their future dates of occurrence, as well as astrological symbols (with attendant tables).

European Americana states that the first Gutierrez edition printed in Seville appeared in 1566, inexplicably neglecting to note the present edition. The present edition is listed in Palau, who also locates a copy in the British Museum that is without a date but is assumed to be 1561. OCLC and NUC together locate only four additional copies of this 1561 edition, at the University of Arizona, Dartmouth, Indiana University, and the John Carter Brown Library. Very rare, and with an important map.

ADAMS C-1422 PALAU 67452. MEDINA (BHA) 186. BM STC (SPANISH), p.23.

SHIRLEY 86A. BURDEN 15. JCB 1:211. OCLC 2471493. $45,000.

One of the First Great Collections of Voyages 23. Ramusio, Giovanni Battista: DELLE NAVIGATIONI ET VIAGGI...

[VOLUME PRIMO, SECONDO, TERZO]...LA DESCRITTIONE DELL’ AFRICA, ALL’ISOLE MOLUCCHE...LA NAVIGATIONE ATTORNO IL MONDO...LA RELATION DELL’IOLA GIAPAN...

LE NAVIGATIONI AL MONDO NUOVO CRISTOFORO COLOMBO...CORTESE...PIZZARO...NUOVO SPAGNA...NUOVO FRANCIA.... Venice. 1563/1583/1565. Three volumes. [4],394 leaves, plus three double-page and seven single-page maps, plans, and plates; 18,[10],256,91 leaves; [6],34,456 leaves, plus seven double-page and three single-page maps, plans, and plates. Each volume with minor pagination errors and additional intext illustrations. Folio. 18th-century vellum, gilt-lettered spines. Front hinges neatly repaired on several volumes. Boards rubbed, minor wear to extremities. Internally bright and clean. Very good. In cloth clamshell cases, leather labels.

The third edition of the first and second volumes, and the second edition of the third volume, of this fundamental collection of world voyages. The first edition of the first volume originally appeared in 1550, the second volume in 1558, and the third in 1556.

Ramusio’s effort is the first general compilation of narratives of the European exploration of the rest of the world. From John Locke to Henry Harrisse, scholars and bibliographers have praised Ramusio for his choice of material, his care and accuracy in presenting it, and his assiduous sorting of the evidence of the new discoveries. The first publications or first available publications of many of the most important voyages are contained herein, and the set is basic to any collection of voyages.

The first volume is devoted to Africa and the East, especially the narratives of early Portuguese exploration, covering De Gama, Alvarez, Barros, and Pigafetta. The maps in the first volume are some of the first engraved maps to appear in any travel book.

The second volume describes the journeys of Marco Polo, Varthema’s eastern travels, and Persian voyages. This is the first edition of the second volume to include an account of Sebastian Cabot. The third volume is entirely devoted to America and includes accounts of Peter Martyr, Oviedo (whose book XX occupies almost half the volume), Cortes, Cabeça de Vaca, Guzman, Ulloa, Coronado, Fray Marcos di Niza, Xerez, Verrazano, and Cartier. The final section on New France is particularly notable, being an early general publication of Cartier’s Canadian experiences.

Ramusio’s maps are particularly important. The western hemisphere map in the third volume, the product of a collaboration between Ramusio and Oviedo, is the most complete one of its time, even showing Japan as more than one island. The Newfoundland and Hochelanga maps, resulting from Cartier’s explorations, are the best early Canadian maps. The same can be said of the Brazil map.

A handsome set of a foundation work for any collection of travels and voyages.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 563/22, 583/59, 565/58. BORBA DE MORAES, pp.698-99.

STREIT I:91, I:143, I:96. ADAMS (CAMBR.) R136, R139, R140. SHAABER R16, R19, R21.

SABIN 67732, 67738, 67741. CHURCH 99. COX I, p.28. HARRISSE 304. HILL 1419, 1420, 1421. $47,500.

Affirming America to be a Continent 24. [Terraube, Galard de]: VRAY DISCOVRS DES CHOSES PLVS

NECESSAIRES & DIGNES D’ESTRE ENTENDUES EN LA COSMOGRAPHIE. Lyon: Benoist Rigaud, 1567. 69,[3]pp. Portrait vignette on titlepage. 12mo. Modern brown morocco, gilt-paneled covers, gilt-lettered spine, t.e.g., gilt inner dentelles. Internally clean. Very good.

Later edition, after the first Paris edition of 1559. Of primary interest in Terraube’s text is his statement that, despite popular claims that America is insular in nature, it has since been shown to be a whole continent. Accordingly, Terraube supports the “it’s round” theory, likening the globe to an egg, with a core and external shell. He also embarks on a lengthy discussion of the Zodiac and its role in navigation, and mentions the Indies and the Antipodes, with a discussion of the ecclesiastically important notion that there may be a population on the opposite of the globe “with their feet turned towards ours.” Quite rare. Not on OCLC. SABIN 94866. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 567/55. $7500.

A Standard Geographical Work Venegas de Busto, Alejo: PRIMERA PARTE DE LAS DIFFERENCIAS DE LIBROS QUE HAY EN EL UNIVERSO.

25.

Madrid. 1569. 8,242 leaves. 19th-century vellum, lacking ties. New endsheets.

Some leaves heavily foxed. Marginal repairs to the first signature, not affecting text. Else a clean, decent copy.

The third edition, after Toledo editions of 1540 and 1546. An important geographical and cosmographical work, with numerous New World references, and an important early navigational guide.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 569/48. MEDINA (BHA) 128. HARRISSE ADDITIONS 156. $3000.

The First Interpretative History of the New World 26. Benzoni, Girolamo: NOVAE NOVI ORBIS HISTORIAE, ID EST,

RERUM AB HISPANIS IN INDIA OCCIDENTALI HACTENUS GESTARUM...LIBRI TRES, URBANI CALVETONIS OPERA...EX ITALICIS...LATINI FACTI...HIS AB EODEM ADJUNCTA EST, DE GALLORUM IN FLORIDAM EXPEDITIONE, & INSIGNI HISPANORUM IN EOS SAEVITIAE EXEMPLO, BREVIS HISTORIA. Geneva: Eustatium Vignon, 1578. [32],480,[12]pp. Later limp vellum, later ink title on spine, marbled foredges. Covers slightly bowed. Unobtrusive contemporary ink signature on titlepage, very occasional contemporary manuscript annotations, trimmed closely at top margin, not affecting text, moderate tanning. A good copy.

First Latin edition of Benzoni’s important early account of the New World, translated from the first edition printed in Italian in 1565. Benzoni’s history is the first significant work on the Americas based on firsthand observations by a non-Spaniard, and was one of the most widely disseminated texts of its day. This edition also includes the Latin translation of Nicolas Le Chailleux’s Discours de l’Histoire de la Floride, first published in Dieppe in 1565, an account of the French expedition to Florida in the mid-16th century.

Born in Milan, Benzoni spent fourteen years travelling through the Americas, beginning in 1541. He was familiar with the Antilles, Guatemala, and the west coast of South America, and provides descriptions of these regions, as well as a history of the New World from the arrival of Columbus to the conquest of Peru. The work is also notable for containing an early account of the use of tobacco. Engaged in commerce, Benzoni quickly developed an intense enmity for the Spanish and their administration, and he treats them quite unfavorably in his text. He denounces the Spanish for their treatment of the Indians – in contrast, a good portion of the text describes Indian life before it became corrupted by European contact – and the author is also critical of the Spanish for their importation of slaves to America. “[The work] contains interesting details about the countries he visited, but abounds in errors and often in intentional misstatements. What Benzoni states about the Antilles is a clumsy rehash of Las Casas. His reports on the conquests of Mexico and Peru bristle with errors” – Catholic Encyclopedia. Despite these inaccuracies, the wide distribution of his book made Benzoni the single most influential figure in describing the New World to Europe in the mid-16th century. His work went through many printings, though Arents notes that “it appears never to have been permitted to circulate in Spain.” Its final and perhaps most influential version was as parts IV-VI of De Bry’s Grand Voyages, where its anti-Spanish slant helped to advance the “Black Legend” of Spanish depravity in the New World.

One of the two Geneva issues of 1578, presumably this has precedence as it was issued without the errata leaf and has not been corrected. Although this issue is not mentioned in European Americana, Sabin, or Servies, the JCB catalogue describes a second copy, uncorrected, “with ‘Genevae’ on title, lacking the leaf of corrections....”

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 578/3 (ref). SABIN 4792 (ref). MEDINA (BHA) 250 (ref).

ADAMS B685 (ref). JCB (3)I:268. SERVIES 41 (ref). OCLC 1526011. $7500.

Las Casas Records Spanish Cruelty to Indians 27. Las Casas, Bartolomé de: HISTOIRE ADMIRABLE DES HOR-

RIBLES INSOLENCES, CRUAUTEZ, & TYRANNIES EXERCEES PAR LES ESPAGNOLS ES INDES OCCIDENTALES...

FIDELEMENT TRADUITE PAR JAQUES DE MIGGRODE. [Geneva: Gabriel Cartier], 1582. [16],222pp. 12mo. 18th-century calf, spine and board edges finely gilt, rebacked with original backstrip preserved. Binding slightly worn. Occasional minor foxing, light age toning. A very good copy.

Las Casas, the first great historian of the New World, arrived in Cuba in 1502 and spent most of the ensuing years in the Caribbean and Mexico until his return to Spain in 1547. An early critic of Spanish policy, he nonetheless rose to be Bishop of Chiapas.

He witnessed firsthand the appalling destruction of the American Indian population at the hands of the Spanish, something he continually fought against as a priest. After his return to Spain and throughout his old age, he launched a series of attacks on Spanish policy towards American Indians. The first and most influential of these tracts is Brevissima Relacion de la Destruycion de las Indias, which describes the numerous wrongs inflicted upon the Indians, mainly in the Antilles. Written in 1539, it was first published in Seville in 1552, and editions in French, English, and German appeared before 1600. The present work is one of two French editions printed in 1582, following the initial 1579 Antwerp publication of this French translation by Jacques Miggrode.

As with many later editions published outside Spain, this printing helped promote Protestant attacks on the Spanish crown, perpetuating the “Black Legend” of Spanish destruction of the Indians.

A rare French translation of Las Casas’ most famous work on the Indies. European Americana records five U.S. locations plus the Bibliothèque Nationale.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 582/23. SABIN 11268. MEDINA (BHA) 1085n (Vol. II, p.471). PALAU 46961n. JCB (3)I:291. $11,000.

With the Espejo Relation of New Mexico 28. Gonzalez de Mendoza, Juan: HISTORIA DE LAS COSAS MAS NO-

TABLES, RITOS Y COSTUMBRES, DEL GRAN REYNO DELA CHINA...CON UN ITINERARIO DEL NUEUO MUNDO....

Madrid: En casa de Pedro Madrigal, 1586 [but dated 1587 on the colophon page]. Two parts bound in one volume. [12],116; 244,[12] leaves, including one full-page plate. Small octavo. Contemporary calf, rebacked with original gilt backstrip laid down, gilt red morocco label. Binding edgeworn and rubbed, foredge of front board gnawed. Trimmed close, affecting the first work of the title and the running headline in the preliminary material. Ex-lib., with a small ink stamp on the verso of the titlepage and on the colophon page. Faint old stain in upper margin of second part, else quite clean internally. About very good.

In a half morocco box.

An early edition of Gonzalez de Mendoza, following the first of 1585, and the second and best edition to contain the Espejo narrative of early exploration in the American Southwest. Antonio de Espejo began his exploration of New Mexico in 1583, in the company of Fray Beltran and fourteen soldiers. The ostensible reason for his expedition was to find Fr. Agustin Rodriguez, who had disappeared in that region the previous year, but much more was accomplished than merely establishing the sad fate of the martyred Franciscan. A true wealth of new information about the traversed territory was garnered, and this is the first publication to include notice of that expedition (found in this edition beginning on leaf 165 of the second part). Most editions of this

work do not contain the information about Espejo’s New Mexican adventure, and Wagner says that the present edition is only the second with the Espejo narrative, following a Madrid edition of 1586, printed by Querino Gerardo Flamenco. Wagner also notes that many of the errors of that previous edition have been corrected in the present edition, and Palau writes that this edition is considered to be the most complete.

Other Americana content in this volume can be found beginning on leaf 147 of the second part, in the section entitled “Itinerario y epitome de todas las cosas notables que ay desde Espana, hasta el Reyno de la China, y de la China a Espana, boluiendo por la India Oriental, despues de auer dado buelta a casi todo el Mundo. En el qual se trata de los ritos, cerimonias, y costumbres de la gente que en todo el ay, y de la riqueza, fertilidad y fortaleza de muchos Reynos, y la descripcion de todos ellos,” which is a succinct tour of Cuba, Santo Domingo, Puerto Rico, Mexico, Central America, and the Philippines. Topics of special interest are natural history, Indian landholding practices, and Spanish cultural developments. Ortelius states in his atlas that he obtained more information about America from this work than from any other single source.

In addition to the volume’s great Americana content, it offers rich data on China, Japan, the Maluccas (the Spice Islands), and the Philippines. The author (1545-1614) was an Augustinian, but he includes much about the activities of Jesuits and Franciscans, seemingly – and this is notable – in an impartial and unprejudiced manner.

Copies of the Spanish language editions of this work that contain the account of the Espejo expedition have become very rare in commerce.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 587/21. JCB (3)I:307-308. PALAU 105499. MEDINA (BHA) 308. WAGNER SPANISH SOUTHWEST 7z. STREIT IV:1993. SALVA 3333. SABIN 27776 (note). $20,000.

Rare German Edition of the Drake Raid on Cadiz 29. [Drake, Francis]: RELATION WAS DER CAPITAN DRACKH

VNND COLONEL NORIZ WELCHE ANNO 1589. AN STAT DER KUNIGIN IN ENGELLAND, DEN DON ANTONIO IN DAS KONIGREICH PORTUGAL EINSETZEN, VND DIE SPANNIER DARAUSS VERTREIBEN SOLLEN, MIT JRER MECHTIGEN ARMADA VON DER ZEIT AN, ALS SIE ABGEFAHRN BISS SIE WIDER HAIM KOMMEN, AUSSGERICHT. Munich: Bey Adam Berg, [nd, ca. 1590]. [32]pp. Modern paneled calf, gilt morocco label. Minor wear to calf. Occasional light foxing. Else near fine.

A very rare German printing of an account of Drake’s raid on Spain in 1589, a retaliatory attack in the wake of the Armada the year before, most likely based on Anthony Wingfield’s narrative printed soon after the event. The expedition, led by Drake and Sir John Norreys, sailed from Plymouth on April 17, but met with failure in its main objective of starting a rebellion in Portugal against King Philip II of Spain. It mostly consisted of private ships with privateering permission. An attack on Coruna alerted

the Spanish, and by the time the expedition reached Lisbon, the city was too well defended to accomplish anything. Contrary winds scattered the ships, and they returned to England in disorder. This German edition is lacking from Kraus’ extensive Drake catalogue, and the only copies we locate are at the British Library, the Hispanic Society of America, and the John Carter Brown.

HUTH CATALOGUE 2454 (JCB copy). Quinn & Edwards, Sir Francis Drake, p.46. PALAU 76149. JCB (3)I:322. $9500.

A Superb Set of the Latin Edition of De Bry 30. De Bry, Theodor; Johann Theodor De Bry; and Johann Israel De Bry:

[THE GREAT OR AMERICAN VOYAGES IN LATIN, PARTS IXII]. Frankfurt or Oppenheim: Theodor De Bry and his heirs (see below), 1590-1624. Twelve parts bound in twelve volumes (see below for collations).

Uniform modern dark blue straight-grained morocco gilt, covers with gilt border of double fillets and a decorative roll; spine in seven compartments with raised bands, lettered in gilt in the second, numbered in the fourth, the other compartments with repeat tooling in gilt, brown endpapers. Very good.

The Great or American Voyages in Latin, Parts I-XII (of thirteen, and without the Elenchus), comprising: I. [Hariot, Thomas]: Admiranda Narration Fida Tamen, de Commodis et Incolarum Ritibus Virginiae...Anglico Scripta Sermone a Thoma Hariot. Frankfurt: Johann Wechel, 1590. First edition, mix issue but mostly first issue. Colophon leaf F6, blank D6. Engraved title to text, letterpress title to plates, engraved arms on dedication leaf, folding engraved map of Virginia, engraved plate of Adam and Eve (the second state with inscription in the plate reading “Iodocus a Winghe in Io. Theodore de Bry sc.”), twenty-eight very fine engraved plates after John White (including five plates of Picts).

A foundation work on the early exploration and delineation of America, describing and illustrating the first British colony to be established there. This volume is the first issued by the publisher, Theodor De Bry, in his extraordinary series, Grand Voyages, describing the exploration of the New World. The elegant production, combined with the critically important text, make this volume one of the most important relating to the early discovery of North America.

This work recounts the history of the abortive Roanoke colony established by the British in North Carolina in 1585. Thomas Hariot’s text, describing the country of Virginia and North Carolina, was first published in London in 1588 (only six copies are known) and here republished in Latin. Hariot, like the artist, John White, was part of the Roanoke expedition and wrote his account from actual observation. It is the first description of the Virginia and Carolina country. The map which accompanies the volume is the first really good map of the Virginia coast and Carolina capes, showing the coast from the mouth of the Chesapeake to Wilmington, North Carolina.

John White’s illustrations are among the most famous of early American images.

White was the lieutenant-governor of the abortive colony, and a skilled artist. His carefully executed watercolors, gleaned from close observation and remarkably accurate renderings of the Carolina Indians and their customs, costumes, rituals, hunting practices, and dwellings, are here expertly engraved by De Bry. No other artist so carefully rendered American Indians until Karl Bodmer worked on the Missouri in the 1830s.

Besides these illustrations, there are plates showing White’s conception of the ancient Picts of Scotland, to whom he wished to compare the American natives.

A remarkably important Americanum. CHURCH 140.

II. [Le Moyne, Jacques, and others]: Brevis Narratio Eorum Quae in Florida Americae Provincia Gallis Acciderunt...Auctore Jacobo Le Moyne. Frankfurt: Johann Wechel, 1591.

First edition. Two engraved titles, engraved arms on dedication leaf, engraved text illustration of Noah sacrificing, double-page engraved map of Florida. Lacking blank leaf K6.

A fine copy of this seminal work for early North America, with Jacques Le Moyne’s spectacular series of images.

Part II from Theodor De Bry’s Grand Voyages, this work collects together various accounts of the attempted settlement of Florida by French Protestants in the 1560s.

The text is drawn from the accounts of Jean Ribaut, René de Laudonnière, and Dominique de Gourgues; and describes the foundation of the colony in 1562 and its

difficult existence until the massacre of the settlers by the Spanish in 1565. The chief glory of this work is the series of engravings after the watercolors of Jacques Le Moyne, depicting the life and ceremonies of the Florida Indians. As ethnographic documents, these are second only to those of John White as records of American Indian life in the 16th century, and like White’s work, these illustrations remained unrivalled until centuries later.

Jacques Le Moyne de Morgues, was born in Dieppe, France in about 1533. He was appointed artist to the Huguenot expedition to Florida, led by René de Laudonnière, which sailed in April 1564. Arguably the first western artist to visit the New World, French painter Le Moyne recorded the scenery of Florida and the lives of the Timucua Indians in great detail, as well as charting the coastline of Florida. The French colony was seen as a threat by the Spanish, and in September 1565 they overran the colony, and most of Le Moyne’s drawings were destroyed. However, he escaped, made copies from memory of what he had seen, and returned to France. By

about 1580 he had settled in London, and he later came into contact with Sir Walter Raleigh and with John White, the artist of the first English colony of Virginia. The former commissioned him to illustrate the Florida enterprise, and Le Moyne went on to produce the images that were published by De Bry after Le Moyne’s death in about 1588. CHURCH 145.

III. [Staden, Hans, and Jean Lery]: Americae Tertia Pars Memorabilem Provinciae Brasiliae Historiam Continens Germanico Primum Sermone Scriptum a Ioane Stadio.

Frankfurt: Theodore de Bry, 1592. First edition, second issue with De Bry imprint. Two engraved titles (the second title with imprint “in officina Sigismundi Feirabendii”), engraved arms on dedication leaf, engraved plate of arms without virtues, folding engraved map of Peru and Brazil, full-page engraved text illustration of Adam and Eve (first state without “Io.” in the inscription, see part I), thirty engraved text illustrations. Lacks final blank Qq4.

A fine copy of a fundamental work on the history of Brazil, with an important map.

The third part of De Bry’s Grand Voyages, this volume being devoted to the history of Brazil, and particularly the observations of Hans Staden and Jean Lery, the two most reliable 16th-century accounts of that country. Staden, a German sailor, describes his two voyages to Brazil in 1546-48 and 1549-55, including his long captivity among the Tupinimba Indians. His account of the manners and customs of the Indians is one of the primary American ethnological documents, and its accompanying illustrations, although somewhat dressed up here by the engravers, provide an invaluable illustrated record with many useful clues to artifacts and rituals. Staden’s work originally appeared in German in 1557, and the early editions are exceedingly rare. Jean Lery was a French missionary in Brazil in 1556-58, and he is credited by Levi-Strauss and others with being the most acute early observer of the Brazilian Indians. His work first appeared in 1578, and the Latin translation was probably prepared by him. Besides the Staden and Lery narratives, this volume prints two letters from Nicholas Barre, who was with the Villegagnon expedition in 1552.

The map, titled Americae Pars Magis Cognita. Chorographia Nobilis & Opulentae Peruanae Provinciae, Atque Brasiliae... (Frankfurt: De Bry, 1692), is one of the most accurate maps of South America issued to date. Since De Bry was not a cartographer, this map was probably derived from an unknown manuscript map, though the northern portions (now the southern United States) come from Le Moyne. The modified lump swelling from Chile, which Ortelius had eliminated from his maps in 1587, is an odd inclusion. The map has a great deal of topographical detail, with suppositious jungles, rivers, and mountain ranges in the interiors of both continents, but some of the actual river systems are indicated. The map is elegantly engraved in an almost extravagant Ortelius mode, with elaborate strap-work decorated cartouches and swash lettering.

The title is written on a banner and displayed by a cherub. A whale/fish with a dorsal fin spouts water, and a three-masted ship sails towards the Cape. CHURCH 149.

IV. [Benzoni, Girolamo, part one]: Americae Pars Quarta Sive, Insignis & Admiranda Historia de Reperta Primum Occidentali India a Christophoro Columbo Anno MCCCCXCII Scripta Ab Hieronymo Benzono. Frankfurt: Ad invistiss. Rudolphus II...,

1594. First edition, with third issue title (Church 155) but plate points of both first and second editions. Blank leaf R6 present. Two engraved titles, engraved text illustration of arms with virtues, double-page engraved map of West Indies, engraved text illustration of Columbus led by marine deities, engraved text illustration of world map with medallion portraits of Columbus and Vespucci, twenty-four engraved plates numbered in Arabic numerals within plates. Blank leaf F6 lacking. CHURCH 153.

V. [Benzoni, Girolamo, part two]: Americae Pars Quinta, Nobilis & Admiratione Plena Hieronymi Bezoni...Secunae Sectionis Hi[stori]a[e] Hispanorum Tum in Nigrittas Servos Suos, Tum in Indias Crudelitatem, Gallorumq[ue] Pirataru[m] de Hispanis Toties Reportata Spolia. Frankfurt: Theodore de Bry, 1595. First edition, second issue with both corrections in title “Hia” and “Invictis.” Blank leaves l3-4 and F4. Two engraved titles, engraved portrait of Columbus with eleven lines of text, engraved double-page map of New Spain, twenty-two engraved plates. CHURCH 156 (note).

VI. [Benzoni, Girolamo, part three]: Americae Pars Sexta, Sive Historiae Ab Hieronymo Be[n]zono...Scriptae, Sectio Tertia. Frankfurt: Theodore de Bry, 1596. First edition. Blank leaf G6. Two engraved titles; double-page engraved map of Western Hemisphere with figures of Columbus, Vespucci, Magellan, and Pizarro; double-page engraved view of Cuzco; twenty-eight engraved plates.

Benzoni’s work was first published in Italian in Venice in 1565. The chief glory of the De Bry edition is the extraordinary series of plates and maps with which De Bry illustrated the work, creating one of the most enduring collections of early images of the Western Hemisphere.

The three parts that make up De Bry’s rendition of Benzoni record the events surrounding Columbus’ discovery, relations with Native Americans, atrocities committed

by Indians and Europeans, Pizarro’s exploits in Peru, etc. Chauveton’s anti-Spanish slant provided De Bry with the gory details of Spanish barbarity which are brought to life in the meticulous engravings that illustrate this volume. De Bry’s sensationally illustrated edition of Benzoni has stood as a solid landmark of illustrated Americana, so much so that centuries later historians and editors have been compelled to copy the plates in new publications. Such scenes as Columbus’ meeting with Ferdinand and Isabella, or the Spanish atrocities toward the Peruvian Indians, though not based on firsthand experience, have survived the centuries largely for their compelling visual rendition of events. These images have become history.

Part one (Part IV of De Bry) includes a detailed and handsome folding map of the West Indies, “Occidentalis Americae partis...Anno MDXCIIII,” which depicts the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico from northern Florida to the South American coast. Part two (Part V of De Bry) contains a folding map of Mexico, “Hispanae Novae Sive Magnae, Recens et Vera Descriptio.” Part three (Part VI of De Bry) contains an important and very beautifully illustrated map of the Western Hemisphere, “America Sive Novvs Orbis Respectueuropaeorum Inferior Globi Terrestris Pars,” which includes fulllength figure portraits of Columbus, Vespucci, Magellan, and Pizarro at the corners.

This latter map shows the unknown “Terra Australis” as a huge conglomerate of land

covering much of the southern part of the globe, and the Pacific coast of North America as a bulging mass not quite under control.

A cornerstone history of early voyages of discovery, and one of the most wonderfully illustrated, whose early European depictions of America are among the most widely duplicated in history. CHURCH 158.

VII. [Schmidel, Ulrich]: Americae Pars VII. Verissima et Iucundissima Descriptio Praecipuarum Quarundam Indiae Regionum & Insularum. Frankfurt: Theodore de Bry, 1599. First edition. Blank leaf H4. Engraved title, engraved text illustration.

The important early account of Latin America describing the voyages of Ulrich Schmidel to Brazil and Paraguay in 1535-53. The text was translated from Schmidel’s Neuwe Welt, first published in Frankfurt in 1567. “Schmidel’s account was included in many collections of voyages. Owing to his importance for the study of the history of the regions of Rio de la Plata and Southern Brazil several modern editions exist and there is a considerable amount of literature about him” – Borba de Moraes.

A handsome copy of Part VII of De Bry’s Grand Voyages, with important Brazilian content. CHURCH 161.

VIII. [Drake, Francis; Thomas Cavendish; and Walter Raleigh]: Americae Pars VIII. Continens Primo, Descriptionem Trium Itinerum...Francisci Draken...Secundo...Thomae Candisch...Tertio...Gualtheri Ralegh. Frankfurt: widow & sons of Theodore de Bry, 1599.

First edition, second issue. e4 blank. Letterpress title to text with engraved vignette map of world showing Drake’s circumnavigation, letterpress title to plates, double-page engraved map of Guiana with Latin and many German inscriptions, engraved map of the world on the verso of leaf KK4 showing Cavendish’s circumnavigation, engraved map of North Atlantic on leaf Aa2, eighteen plates.

This volume contains relations of six different voyages, by Drake, Cavendish, and Raleigh, with a map and illustrations never before published. These accounts describe Drake’s famous circumnavigation of the world and Caribbean raids, Cavendish’s circumnavigation, and the famous search for El Dorado.

The three voyages of Sir Francis Drake recounted here are of the greatest importance. The first is a description of the famous voyage of circumnavigation of 1577-80, only described in print up to that time by Hakluyt, here based on the account of Nuno da Silva. Drake’s Caribbean raid of 1585-86 is also reported, based on the account of Walter Bigges, as well as the final voyage of 1595-96, directed against the Spanish at Panama. This is the first extensive account of the last voyage, during which Drake died off Panama, and it is evidently based directly on his log, continued by others after his death. Besides these texts, the titlepage of the volume has an extraordinary double hemisphere world map, showing the track of Drake’s circumnavigation, with an inset portrait of Drake. Illustrations relating to Drake include engravings of his landing on the coast of Patagonia and his reception by California Indians during the circumnavigation voyage, as well as engravings after Boazio showing his captures of Santiago, Santo Domingo, Cartagena, and St. Augustine during the 1855-86 Caribbean raid. The St. Augustine view is the earliest view of any North American town.

Sir Thomas Cavendish’s circumnavigation of 1586-88 was the third voyage around the world, and the account published here on pages 43-78 is one of the first to appear (accounts were issued in Amsterdam almost concurrently). This account is by Francis Pretty. The voyage followed a track similar to that of Drake, and was certainly based on knowledge gleaned from his trip. Three plates illustrate Cavendish’s experiences in the Pacific.

The remainder of the volume describes two voyages to the Caribbean and South America, one by Sir Walter Raleigh undertaken in 1595 in his famous search for El Dorado, and another of the following year to the same place, attributed to Raleigh but actually undertaken by Laurence Kemys. The large folding map illustrates this part of the volume, and provides the most detailed version of the cartography and imagined cartography of the Orinoco, Amazon, and Guiana region published up to that time.

Five of the illustrations also relate to the Guiana exploration.

One of the most difficult parts of the De Bry Grand Voyages to obtain, with descriptions of the second and third circumnavigations of the world. CHURCH 164.

IX. [Acosta, Joseph, and others]: Americae Nona & Postrema Pars. Qua de Ratione Elementorum: de Novi Orbis Natura...Copiose Petractatur. Frankfurt: for Mathias Becker, 1602. First edition. Leaves YY6 and dd4 blank. Letterpress title within engraved border, four letterpress section titles of which two have engraved vignettes, engraved arms on dedication leaf, engraved map of Magellan Straits, thirty-nine engraved plates numbered I-XXV and IXIV.

This contains a number of important accounts relating to Latin America and the Pacific, including the work of Acosta, and the Pacific voyages of Oliver van Noort and Sebald de Weert. Although De Bry died in 1598, his vast illustrated publishing endeavor was carried on by his widow and two sons, Johann Theodor and Johann Israel, who issued parts seven, eight, and the present ninth part, intending it to be the final installment or “postrema pars” of the monumental Grand Voyages series. This would of course not be the case, as the series extended to a total of thirteen parts, but part ten was not published until 1619. The Grand Voyages has been described by Boies Penrose as “stately...the cornerstone of every library of Americana.”

The seven books of Acosta’s Historia Natural y Moral de las Indias (first published Seville, 1590) is the first work included here, and is regarded as one of the most important source books on the Indians of Mexico and Peru. Based on Acosta’s time in the missions of both countries from 1571 to 1588, the Historia Natural provided a vital picture of the Spanish plundering of the New World to a European readership.

Streeter states that Acosta’s work “operated more strongly than any other in opening the eyes of the rest of Europe to the great wealth that Spain was draining from America.” The fourteen De Bry engravings which relate to this section depict in vivid (and at times exaggerated) detail the customs of the Aztecs and Incas and their violent confrontations with the Spaniards. Includes engravings of Indians working Potosi mines, llamas as beasts of burden, Aztec religious rites, games, human sacrifices, funerals, etc. These are some of the most exquisite of early ethnographic illustrations of

Native Americans, nothing really approaches the detail and quality of these pictures until the 19th century.

Also included is the account of Olivier van Noort’s Pacific voyage, describing a journey to the Moluccas via the Straits of Magellan. Olivier entered the Straits on Sept.

5, 1599, and as a consequence of terrible weather conditions did not make it into the Pacific until Feb. 29, 1600. He continued along the coast of Chile, to Peru and New Spain, stopping at the Mariana Islands, Manila, Borneo, and Java, returning to Rotterdam in August of 1601. The voyage was first published in Rotterdam and Amsterdam in 1602 and then translated into German. The Additamentum... has its own engraved titlepage illustrated with a portrait of van Noort with the New and Old Worlds represented on two globes, with two standing figures, a Native American and a tattooed Pacific Islander. Eleven plates relate to the van Noort voyage, including wonderful depictions of native South Americans, views of places visited, Dutch interaction with Indians, clubbing penguins, etc.

Finally there is the account of Sebald de Weert’s voyage of the same object as the van Noort voyage. On June 20, 1598, De Weert sailed from Amsterdam on a vessel which was part of the fleet sent to the Moluccas by way of the Straits of Magellan. The voyage met with disaster, the commander of the expedition died, and de Weert’s ship was the only one that returned. One fortunate side note to this voyage was the discovery of three islands located about sixty miles from the South American continent, appropriately named the Sebaldines. The separate titlepage for the Relatio Historica... includes a handsome engraving of the five ships which formed the fleet. Fourteen beautiful engraved plates correspond to the Relatio Historica..., depicting incidents from the voyage, ports visited, including Rio de Janeiro and San Sebastian, as well as hostile natives met along the route through the Straits.

The total of thirty-nine plates and the map of the Straits of Magellan contained in this volume represent a treasure of classic American ethnographic illustrations. De Bry’s sons equal and perhaps exceed the work of their master father, and the art of depicting the historical scenes of discovery and conquest in the New World is carried out to the highest order. A classic volume of American ethnographic illustration, including two little-known Pacific voyages. CHURCH 168.

X. [Vespucci, Amerigo; Ralph Hamor; and John Smith]: Americae Pars Decima: Qua Continentur, I. Duae Navigationes D[omi]n[i] Americi Vesputii...II. Solida Narratio de Moderno Provinciae Virginiae...Authore Raphe Hamor...III. Vera Descriptio Novae Angliae...a Capitaneo Johanne Schmidt. Oppenheim: Hieronymus Gallerus, 1619. First edition, first issue. Leaf I4 blank. Letterpress title to text with engraved vignette, letterpress title to plates, twelve engraved plates. Lacking blank leaf c4.

The tenth part of the Grand Voyages was issued seventeen years after part nine, when the series was resumed by De Bry’s son-in-law. It contains illustrated editions of three major narratives. The first are the letters of Vespucci relating to his explorations of South America in the decade after Columbus. The other two are major narratives of the English settlement of North America. Hamor’s description of the infant Virginia

colony was originally published in London in 1615, and here appears with illustrations.

John Smith’s foundation work, A Description of New England, was published in London in 1616 and also appears here in illustrated form. CHURCH 170.

XI. [Schouten, Willem, and Joris van Spilbergen]: Americae Pars Undecima: Seu Description Admirandi Intineris a Guillielmo Schouten...Peracti. Oppenheim: Hieronymus Gallerus, 1619. First edition. Blank leaves F6, D6 and e6. Two letterpress titles with engraved vignettes, two letterpress section titles, three engraved maps (one small format folding map of New Guinea, one folding map of the south Pacific, and one of the straits of Magellan), twenty-nine plates. Lacking original engraved map of “Mar di India,” but present as a facsimile.

The De Bry edition of the first two Dutch circumnavigations, both voyages of the greatest magnitude. Schouten sailed with Jacob le Maire around the world in 161517, and Spilbergen accomplished the same task in 1614-18. Both added greatly to knowledge of the South Pacific and southern South America. CHURCH 172.

XII. [Herrera, Antonio, and others]: Novi Orbis Pars Duodecima. Sive Descriptio Indiae Occidentalis, Auctore Antonio de Herrera. Frankfurt: for heirs of Johann Theodore de Bry, 1624. First edition. Letterpress title with engraved border, letterpress title, doublepage map of the western hemisphere, nineteen engraved text illustrations, fourteen engraved maps (one double-page). Lacks initial blank leaf and blank leaf Cc8.

A collection of important voyages in the West Indies and around South America, most notable for the collection of maps of different parts of the Americas which accompany Herrera’s work. Besides this, there is a series of accounts of different voyages in the Straits of Magellan between Magellan in 1519 and the Nodal brothers in 1618.

CHURCH 173.

A magnificent set of the most famous and influential of all collections of voyages, including a particularly fine copy of the highly esteemed first part, Hariot’s Virginia. The iconography disseminated through De Bry’s popular compilation of travel narratives dominated the European view of the New World for more than a century after their publication. The exceptional ethnographic engravings in the first two parts are of special importance for the study of Native American life at the time of the first encroachment of Europeans. Throughout the set, however, many engravings include images of flora, fauna, and topography that provide interesting details about the way America looked $450,000. in the 16th century and the way Europeans saw her.

A Lima Incunable, One of the Earliest Books Printed in South America 31. [Latin American Incunable]: Vega, Juan de: INSTITVTIONES

GRAMMATICAE LATINO CARMINE, HISPANA CUM EXPLICATIONE...PER R.P. FR. IOANNEM DE VEGA.... [Lima, Peru]: Antonio Ricardo, 1595. [12],[163 (of [164])] leaves. Gathering of four unsigned

leaves, G in 8, A-V in 8’s, X in 7 (lacking final blank), with many errors in foliation and signing of signatures. In Latin and Spanish. Woodcut illustration of Saint Jerome (?) on G2 verso. 12mo. Contemporary limp vellum, contemporary manuscript title on spine. One of four leather ties remaining. Vellum moderately worn and soiled. 1 x 1½-inch area of loss in front free endpaper, repaired on verso in archival tape. Occasional early graffiti. Apparent remains of ink stamp on G8 recto. Toning, some small stains, and minor foxing throughout. Very good. In a half morocco clamshell case, spine gilt.

An extremely rare and elusive Lima incunable, and one of the first books both composed and printed in the Americas on a non-religious, legal, or government-sponsored topic.

During the 16th-century cradle period of New World printing, nearly all publications were either of a religious nature, commissioned by the colonial government, or reprints of European titles. This volume, however, is an original classroom-style Latin grammar, compiled and written by a Franciscan friar who had settled in South America some

twenty years earlier. The author, notably, was awarded exclusive publishing privileges to his work by the colonial Peruvian government.

Father Joannes (or João or Juan) de Vega (d. 1596) was a Portuguese friar minor who helped lead a contingent of sixty friars from Spain to the Americas in 1564. After working with fellow Franciscans in Chile, he proceeded to Peru, where he held important posts in Lima, Cuzco, and Chuquisaca, and also spent time in Charcas and La Plata. On August 24, 1595, the Viceroy of Peru granted Vega a ten-year license to publish his educational work, printed in the present volume on the last leaf of the first signature: “...mando que por tiempo de diez años, que corran, y se cuenten desde el día de la data de esta mi provisión en adelante, el dicho padre fray Ioan de Vega, y no otra persona alguna, pueda hacer imprimir dicho Arte so pena, que la persona, que le imprimiere, tenga perdido y pierda los moldes y aparejos con que le imprimiere.”

The grammar issues from the press of Antonio Ricardo, the first (and long sole) printer in South America and Peru. A native of Italy, Ricardo arrived in New Spain in 1570 – in Mexico, where he was the fifth man to practice the black art (printing had begun there in 1539, less than twenty years after the conquest). It is assumed he spent his first years in the New World working for other printers, most likely among them Pedro Ocharte. Although he printed in Mexico under his own name only between 1577 and 1579, Ricardo produced less than ten known works there, including texts for the students of the Colegio de San Pedro y San Pablo.

Ricardo left Mexico in 1580 to settle in Peru, where he became the first printer in South America. After several delays, due in part to disputes with governmental and ecclesiastical authorities, he produced the first Peruvian publication in 1584, the fourpage proclamation entitled Pragmatica Sobre los Diez Dias del Año (known in only the copy at the John Carter Brown Library); and the famous first full book in Lima, the magnificent trilingual religious work entitled Doctrina Christiana y Catecismo Para Instruccion de los Indios. He continued printing in Peru until his death in 1605, publishing over thirty works on the press in Lima. During this period he was the only printer in South America, and the only New World printer besides those in Mexico City.

Institvtiones Grammaticae Latino..., printed by Ricardo in only the eleventh year of the South American press, is not listed in Medina, Palau, or the incunables catalogue of the Biblioteca Nacional del Perú. It was, however, mentioned by the important Peruvian historian, Father Rubén Vargas Ugarte, who noted its rarity and mistakenly placed it as a 1590 printing from Ricardo Antonio’s workshop. The only other known copy is currently held by Duke University and lacking the final two printed leaves of the index (X6 and X7). An extraordinary rarity from the first press of South America, and evidently the first Latin grammar both composed and published in the New World.

OCLC 28909430. Diccionario Historico y Biographico del Peru, Siglos XV-XX (Lima, 1986), Vol. IX, p.229. Rubén Vargas Ugarte, Manual de Estudios Peruanistas. Cuarta Edición (Lima, 1959), p.72.

$60,000.

32. Ortelius, Abraham: AMERICAE SIVE NOVI ORBIS, NOVA DESCRIPTIO. Antwerp: Ortelius, 1587 [i.e. 1595]. Copper engraving with period hand coloring. Sheet size: 17¼ x 21½ inches. Latin text on verso of one half of the sheet. In generally excellent condition.

The Ortelius map of the New World with the amended coast of Chile, from the Latin edition of his Theatrum.

Among the most beautiful Dutch maps, this is a superb example of the Ortelius aesthetic with its marginal floral ornamentation, strapwork cartouches, masks, sphinxes, ships, and sea monsters, all of which collectively transform the geographical facts and conjectures into an evocative work of art. This example from the 1595 Latin edition has beautiful period color.

The map is a depiction of European knowledge and ignorance of the New World after a century of immense activity. There are settlements, mostly Spanish, all over northwestern South America, Central America, the Caribbean, and southern North America. The relatively accurate transfer of geographical information is impressive as well, when one considers the enormity of the task.

BURDEN 64 (state 1). KARROW 1/7a. KOEMAN/MEURER (1991) 114. VAN DEN BROECKE 11. D. Reinhartz, “The Americas Revealed in the Theatrum,” pp.209-20 in Van den Broecke, et al (editors), Abraham Ortelius and the First Atlas (1998). $9500.

With the Excessively Rare Suppressed “Voyage to Cadiz” and the 1598 Titlepage 33. Hakluyt, Richard: THE PRINCIPAL NAVIGATIONS, VOIAGES,

TRAFFIQUES AND DISCOVERIES OF THE ENGLISH NATION, MADE BY SEA OR OVER-LAND, TO THE REMOTE AND FARTHEST DISTANT QUARTERS OF THE EARTH, AT ANY TIME WITHIN THE COMPASSE OF THESE 1500 YEERES...AND LASTLY, THE MEMORABLE DEFEATE OF THE SPANISH HUGE ARMADA, ANNO 1588, AND THE FAMOUS VICTORIE ATCHIEVED AT THE CITIE OF CADIZ, 1596.... London: George Bishop, Ralph Newberie and Robert Barker, 15981600. Three volumes in bound two. [24],619; [16],312,204; [16],868pp. Folio.

Late 19th-century morocco, expertly rebacked, raised bands, spines gilt. Moderate edge wear, third volume worn at spine ends. Bookplates on front pastedowns.

“Voyage to Cadiz” leaves present in their first issue according to Church (pp.607619 in the first volume) supplied from another copy and with extensions to the margins of the leaves. Overall a very good set. In half morocco clamshell boxes, spines gilt.

The first enlarged edition of Hakluyt’s voyages. In fact, this is an entirely different book from his 1589 compilation, with the first volume containing a supplied copy of the rare

“Voyage to Cadiz” on pages 607-619, which was suppressed by order of Queen Elizabeth after the disgrace of the Earl of Essex; and with the 1598 titlepage reading: “the famous victorie atchieued at the citie of Cadiz.” As usual, this set does not contain the map, which is found in only a few copies.

There appear to be two different states of the printer’s ornaments on the titlepage of the first volume. This copy has a border of fruit and flowers surrounding “THE” and the ornamental figure above the imprint shows a center medallion flanked by cupids.

The other state has a typographical border around “THE” and the ornamental figure above the imprint shows three birds. These variants have been overlooked by most bibliographers.

Hakluyt took such patriotic pride in his countrymen’s exploits in the fields of travel and adventure that he devoted his life to preserving the records of all English voyages, and to advancing further means for the promotion of wealth and commerce for the nation. “Hakluyt was a vigorous propagandist and empire-builder; his purpose was to further British expansion overseas. He saw Britain’s greatest opportunity in the colonization of America, which he advocated chiefly for economic reasons, but also to spread Protestantism, and to oust Spain” – Hill. The third volume is devoted almost entirely to the Americas, the South Seas, and various circumnavigations of the world.

It includes the accounts of Niza, Coronado, Ruiz, and Espejo on New Mexico; Ulloa, Drake, and others on California; and Raleigh’s account of Guiana.

The greatest assemblage of travel accounts and navigations to all parts of the world collected up to its time, and a primary source for early New World exploration. This volume contains 243 narratives of voyages and travels in the New World, consisting of some one million seven hundred thousand words.

GROLIER 100, 14. WAGNER SPANISH SOUTHWEST 3, 4, 5, 6, 8c, 9a,18a. PRINTING AND THE MIND OF MAN 105. STC 12626. SABIN 29595, 29597, 29598. JCB (3)I:360-61.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 598/42. HILL 743. PALAU 112038, 112039. BORBA DE MORAES, p.328. PFORZHEIMER 443. CHURCH 752. $35,000.

Spanish Manual on Indian Fighting, 1599 34. Vargas Machuca, Bernardo de: MILICIA Y DESCRIPCION DE LAS INDIAS. Madrid: En casa de Pedro Madrigal, 1599. [15],186,[21] leaves, lacking portrait facing p.1 and final leaf with printing ornament. Small quarto. Early mottled calf, spine gilt, leather label. Minor wear to hinges and corners. Some soiling and wear on lower corners of last few index pages. Earlier library ink stamps. Very good.

One of the most important Spanish works on the Indies and New World military organization in the 16th century. It is a tactical manual by a Spanish veteran of the colonial South American frontier and the brutal wars against rebellious native Americans, as well as a rich source of ethnographic and military detail. “The first manual of guerilla warfare ever published...he advocated for the Americas the creation of commando groups to carry out search-and-destroy missions deep within enemy territory

for up to two years at a time” – Parker. This work served as both a guide to aid new arrivals in conquest, as well as a sometimes testy address to King Phillip II detailing Vargas Machuca’s many services to the Crown, whom he felt never recognized him adequately for his service. The text is divided into four books, followed by a description of the Indies. The parts cover the following subjects: the qualities needed to lead, the preparation of soldiers and necessary materials, the duty of the soldier, and the settling of the land after conquest. It includes significant chapters on military medicine and natural history, though the real significance lies in the fact that “scattered throughout Milicia Indiana are unwitting fragments of indigenous and rural Spanish colonial history. Perhaps the main gap that this book helps to fill, if only partially, is the story of early and unconquered ‘backcountry’ New Granada” – Lane.

Bernardo Vargas Machuca (ca.1555-1622) was a Spanish soldier, born in Simancas. He took part in several campaigns in Old Granada and Italy before setting off for the Caribbean in 1578 to help chase down the famed pirate, Francis Drake.

His first services in the New World are obscure, until he arrived in New Granada, present-day Colombia, in 1585, one of many re-conquistadors still hoping to find the golden city of El Dorado. While settled in New Granada he participated in many campaigns against rebellious natives, becoming known for his ruthless and quick-striking

tactics, explained in this text. These included campaigns in present-day Peru and Bolivia, and Colombia. In 1595 he returned to Spain, hoping to capitalize on his service to obtain promotion. Despite his best efforts, including the publication of this book, Vargas Machuca was unable to secure an encomienda or any other titles or appointments from King Phillip II. What positions he did manage to secure were in out-of-the-way locations relatively ignored by the Crown: one as paymaster of the three forts of Portobelo in Panama and later as governor of Margarita Island in the Caribbean. Both appointments were short-lived and ill-starred, and in the end, Vargas Machuca, both broke and indignant, made his way to court once again to seek another appointment. In keeping with his ill-luck, he died suddenly in Madrid of an unknown illness, shortly after being appointed governor of Antioquia, one of New Granada’s declining gold districts.

The Milicia Indiana is thus a manual of Indian warfare, an appeal for promotion based on services, and a picture of the colonial New World at a time far less documented than the original conquest. The multiple bankruptcies of the Spanish Crown and the decline of bullion production from the Americas was leading the New World empire into a long, slow decline. It is this period on entropy, balanced by violent frontier conflict, that Vargas Machuca documents. The book is also a proposal: the Indian uprisings in colonial Chile, long a thorn in the side of the Spanish, had broken out again, and he hoped to be appointed governor-general there, to suppress the rebellion with the tactics described in the book. He did not get the appointment.

Besides this book Vargas Machuca wrote Compendio y Doctrina Nueva de la Gineta, Secretos y Advertencias de Ella, Senales y Enfrenamientos de Caballos, Su Curacion y Beneficio, a manual on horsemanship printed in Madrid in 1619; and Defensa de las Conquistas de las Indias, an attack on Las Casas, which only survives in manuscript.

This is the only copy of the present work to appear for sale since a copy sold at auction in 1967; Maggs asked £250 for a copy in 1927. As is usually the case, the final leaf with printing ornament is lacking, as is the portrait. A rare and interesting work on early warfare tactics against the natives of South America. Accompanied by the modern scholarly translation.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 599/89. MEDINA (BHA) 402. BEINECKE LESSER ANTILLES COLLECTION 9. PALAU 352445. SABIN 98604. MAGGS BIBLIOTHECA AMERICANA 496:407. Geoffrey Parker, The Military Revolution: Military Innovation and the Rise of the West (Cambridge, 1996), p.120. Appleton’s Cyclopædia VI, p.260. Kris Lane, ed., The Indian Militia and Description of the Indies (Durham, 2008). $22,500.

Agreements with Conquistadors 35. [Conquest of New Spain]: CON RODRIGO DE BASTIDAS

VEZINO DE LA CIUDAD DE SANTO DOMINGO DE LA ISLA ESPAÑOLA, SE CAPITULO POR SU MAGESTAD DEL EMPERADOR NUESTERO SEÑOR, AÑO 1524. SOBRE LA POBLACION DE LA PROVINCIA Y PUERTO DE SANTA MARTA, Y LAS MERCEDES QUE SE LE HIZO Y PROMETIO,

SON LAS SIGUENTES [caption title]. [Madrid. ca. 1600]. [4]pp. Folio.

Later plain wrappers. Minute dust soiling. Very good. In a half morocco and cloth box.

Four contracts between the sundry kings of Spain and certain conquistadors. “The agreements are with Rodrigo de Bastidas, of Santo Domingo, for the colonization of the Province and Port of Santa Marta (in 1524), with Don Gonzalo Ximinez de Quesada (in 1569) for the discovery of the New Kingdom of Granada, with Captain Don Diego Fernandez de Cerpa (in 1568), for the discovery and colonisation of the province of La Guayana, Caura, and New Andaluzia and with Panfilo de Narvaez (in 1526) for the discovery of Florida” – Bibliotheca Americana. The terms of the agreements generally discuss rights granted by the Crown to the relevant explorer, and stipulate what the explorer is required to provide the Crown in return. Gold and other precious metals top the lists. When originally catalogued by Maggs, the official signature at the end of the last agreement was attributed to Baltasar Lopez de Castro; but, on the original cataloguing present with the text, a later hand has suggested Antonio Fernandez de Castro.

Good evidence of the terms under which the conquistadors operated in the New World, including Florida. Extremely rare. Not on OCLC, nor in Palau or Servies.

MAGGS BIBLIOTHECA AMERICANA 177 (this copy). $5000.

Can the Indians of Chile Be Enslaved?

36. Calderón, Melchor: TRATADO DE LA IMPORTANCIA Y

UTILIDAD QUE AY EN DAR POR ESCLAVOS A LOS INDIOS REBELADOS DE CHILE. DISPUTASE EN EL, SI ES LICITO, O NO EL DAR LOS POR ESCLAVOS: Y PONENSE RAZONES POR AMBAS PARTES, Y SUS RESPUESTAS: DEXANDO LA DETERMINACION A LOS SEÑORES VISOREY, Y AUDIENCIA DE LA CIUDAD DE LOS REYES. [Np, but likely Madrid. nd, but ca.

1601]. [2],24pp. Folio. Dbd. Dampstained and soiled, top and bottom edges worn. Worm holes throughout, affecting a few words on each page. Contemporary underlining and marginal lines throughout, contemporary handwritten folio numbers on each recto. Still a good copy. In a half morocco and cloth box.

An extremely rare treatise which considers the question of whether rebellious Indians in Chile should become slaves. Addressed to the Viceroy and Audiencia of Peru, the work discusses whether slavery of conquered Indians is just or not, reviewing arguments on both sides of the question. Calderón approaches the problem in an intriguing manner by providing separate justifications, each in its own individual section of the text, for enslaving the Indians from the various points of view of the King, the Kingdom, and the Church. In turn, the author then provides responses to these various assertions, promoting the view that such slavery would be unjust. The last pages of the text consist of final responses and commentary.

Calderón, the Canon of the Cathedral of Santiago, also served as Commissar of the Holy Office and the Holy Cross, and the General Vicar of the Bishopric of Santiago.

He addresses the Tratado... to the Viceroy of Peru, as well as numerous representatives of the royal government and the Catholic Church who have convened to consider strategies for waging war against the Araucanian Indians of Southern Chile. The campaign to conquer these Indians was one of the most difficult and drawn-out conflicts between Europeans and American Indians in the colonial period, lasting from the mid-16th to the mid-17th centuries. The appearance of this treatise followed a particularly harsh setback for the Spanish in 1598 when “a general insurrection forced the Spaniards to evacuate all the territory to the south of the river Bio-Bio. The epilogue to this story is symbolic: Governor Martin García de Loyola, husband of Princess Beatriz and former conqueror of Tupac Amaru, was put to death, and his head was paraded on the tip of an Araucanian pike” (Cambridge History of Latin America).

In looking toward an end to hostilities with the Indians, the author hopes that the Viceroy and the Audiencia Real will be able to answer his query quickly. In order to

assist these officials in considering these issues, he presents the various arguments in as orderly a fashion as possible. Arguments justifying slavery of the native populations include the principle that military victors who have not been compensated otherwise should receive the economic reward of possessing slaves. This is particularly true, it is noted, given the violent transgressions that the Indians have committed. It is also noted that as slaves, the Indians are able to be instructed in the Christian faith. In contesting the justifications for enslaving the Indians, the author notes the difficulty of differentiating those natives who were fighting the Spanish and those who did not engage in conflict. Calderón adds that many Indians have shown obedience to the crown and the church, have ridden themselves of their old tribal leaders, and have suffered greatly during the conflict with the Spanish.

A fascinating work documenting both sides of the debate in the early 17th century concerning the legitimacy of enslaving conquered native populations. Extremely rare.

OCLC records a single copy, at the National Library of Chile; RLIN adds one additional copy, at the Bancroft. Recognizing both the rarity and significance of the text, Medina provides a transcription of the entire work in his Biblioteca Hispano-Chilena.

MEDINA (BHC) 195. PALAU 39732. OCLC 55243154. Cambridge History of Latin America I, pp.244-45 (Araucanian-Spanish conflict). $22,500.

From the Salva Library 37. Syria, Pedro de: ARTE DE LA VERDADERA NAVEGACION. Valencia: Juan Chrysostomo Garriz, 1602. [8],152,[8]pp. Woodcut vignette on titlepage and six woodcut diagrams in text. Quarto. 19th-century purple polished calf, with gilt stamp of Biblioteca de Salvá on front and rear boards, boards and spine finely gilt. Bookplate of Ricardo Heredia, Conde de Benahavis, on front pastedown. Old library shelf label on front pastedown. Contemporary ownership inscription on verso of titlepage. A few gatherings age-toned or dampstained. A near fine copy.

First edition of this important treatise on navigation and nautical astronomy. Syria discusses the earth, sky, and elements; tides and storms; how to make and use navigation charts; and how to determine one’s position at sea. Although he did not have practical experience as a navigator, the author proposes several important navigation techniques.

These include the construction of tables related to the variation of the compass and the observation and measurement of the distance of the stars to the moon for the purpose of calculating longitude. Preliminary to the text is a brief account of discovery and exploration provided in the dedicatory letter to King Philip III, in which the author mentions Columbus, Vasco de Gama, and Magellan. There are also numerous specific references in the text to New World navigation.

A near fine copy of this significant Spanish maritime work, from the library of the great 19th-century Spanish bibliographer and bibliophile, Pedro Salvá y Mallen.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 602/105. MEDINA (BHA) 466. SABIN 94133. JCB (3)II:19.

CRONE 108. PALAU 314796. SALVÁ 3822 (this copy). $40,000.

Among the First South American Imprints 38. [Peru]: SOBRE QUE NO SE CARGUEN LOS INDIOS DESTE REYNO [caption title]. [Lima: Antonio Ricardo, 1603]. [3]pp. with two decorative woodcut initials on first page of text. Folio. Folded bifolium leaf. Limp vellum from a colonial-era antiphonal. Contemporary manuscript number inscriptions in upper right corner of first and third page, text accomplished in manuscript on second page. Extensive manuscript inscriptions on fourth page, including an acknowledgement signed by the corregidor and the text of the public announcement (“Pregon.”) as ordered by the Viceroy. Moderate dampstaining.

Minor paper repairs to both leaves (affecting some printed and inscribed words).

Some bleeding of ink from verso to recto of second leaf (as expected). A good copy. In a cloth clamshell case, leather label.

One of two known copies of a decree issued by Luis de Velasco, Viceroy of Peru from 1596 to 1604, and printed by Antonio Ricardo, the first printer in South America.

Recorded by Medina as the twenty-third work printed in Lima, the decree orders that Indians not be forced to perform excessive labor that can cause them harm. Although issued by the Peruvian viceroy, the text refers to the treatment of native workers throughout the Spanish Indies, noting that this decree of Nov. 14, 1603 follows numerous other legal notices from the Spanish crown issued to protect the natives. The penalties for violating the decree are also indicated. Signed in print by Viceroy Velasco, the printed work also includes a brief printed proclamation and a separate declaration signed in print by the royal scribe, Rodrigo Alonso Castillejo. This copy also has in contemporary manuscript an acknowledgement signed by the corregidor and the text of the public announcement as ordered by the Viceroy.

Antonio Ricardo began his publishing career in the New World in Mexico, where he was the fifth printer. Publishing had begun there in 1539 – less than twenty years after the conquest. A native of Italy, he arrived in New Spain in 1570 and it is assumed he spent the first years in the country working for other printers, most likely Pedro Ocharte. Although he only printed in Mexico under his own name between 1577 and 1579, Ricardo produced no less than ten works during that time, including Indian language imprints, medical works, and books in the classics for the students of the Colegio de San Pedro y San Pablo.

Ricardo left Mexico in 1580 to settle in Peru, where he became the first printer in South America. After several delays, due in part to disputes with governmental and ecclesiastical authorities, he produced the first Peruvian publication in 1584, the fourpage proclamation entitled Pragramatica Sobre los Diez Dias del Año, and the first book in Lima, the magnificent trilingual religious work entitled Doctrina Christiana y Catecismo Para Instruccion de los Indios. He continued printing in Peru until his death in 1605, publishing over thirty works on his press in Lima. During this period he was the only printer in South America, and the only New World printer besides those in Mexico City and Puebla.

An extremely rare early 17th-century Lima imprint. OCLC records a single copy, at the John Carter Brown Library. Acquired in 1934, the JCB copy is also accomplished in manuscript on page [2] and has a “Pregon.” in manuscript on page [4].

MEDINA (LIMA) 23. SABIN 98800. VARGAS UGARTE, IMPRESOS PERUANOS 27.

JCB ADDITIONS, p.20. OCLC 82362654. $14,500.

A Superb Collection of Early Dutch Voyages 39. Marees, Pieter de; [Willem Lodewijcksz]; Jacob Cornelissoon van

Neck; Gerrit de Veer; Olivier van Noort: [COLLECTION OF FIVE IMPORTANT DUTCH VOYAGES TO THE FAR EAST].

[Amsterdam. 1605-1610]. Five volumes bound in one. Described in greater detail below. Folio. 19th-century half calf and marbled boards, ornate gilt spine.

Spine rubbed and worn. Contemporary ownership signature on titlepage. Old institutional stamps on front free endpaper and first titlepage. Overall internally clean. Very good. In a cloth clamshell case, leather label.

A collection of five highly important Dutch voyages, in their first or early French editions, bound in one volume. These voyages represent the foundation Dutch voyages in their initial expansion (one might say explosion) into the world as the Dutch began their seaborne empire. The voyages are, in chronological order by publication date: 1) Marees, Pieter de: Description et Recit Historial Dv Riche Royavme D’or de Gvnea....

Amsterdam: P.D.M. Claesson, 1605. [2],96,[8]pp. plus twenty in-text engravings.

Titlepage vignette.

First French edition, after the first edition of 1602. De Marees is one of the least-known early Dutch navigators and is best remembered for this narrative, which provides the earliest substantial description of the Guinea coast, its people and languages, and which discusses the dangers of rounding the tip of Brazil. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 605/73. TIELE 717. TIELE-MULLER 135. CARDINALL, p.13.

2) [Lodewijcksz, Willem]: Premier Livre de l’Histoire de la Navigation aux Indes Orientales.... Amsterdam: Nicolas, 1609. 55 leaves. Titlepage with engraved map, fortysix in-text engravings, and one full-page engraving. Neat restoration to blank corner of one leaf. Small hole affecting two plates.

First French edition, after the first of 1598. Lodewijcksz gives an account of the first Dutch expedition to the East Indies under Cornelius Houtman, from 1595 to 1597. The spice trade data collected by Houtman convinced the Dutch they could break Portugal’s monopoly in the East Indies, and his narrative offers a jumping-off point for the explosion of Dutch trading at the turn of the century.

This narrative also includes the first European description of Bali, written by a crew member. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 609/71. HOWGETO H106. TIELE 508.

TIELE-MULLER 114. Lach, Asia in the Making of Europe, p.200.

3) Neck, Jacob Cornelissoon van: La Second Livre, Iournal ou Comptoir, Contenant le Vray Discours et Narration Historique.... Amsterdam: Nicolas, 1609. 228 leaves.

Vignettes, twenty-four engravings in text.

First French edition, after the Dutch first of 1601. A detailed account of a watershed moment in Dutch commercial enterprise. As mentioned above, Holland’s aggressive pursuit of opportunity in the East Indies demanded the Dutch first unseat Portugal from its dominance of the region. Van Neck’s voyage was the first such expedition by the Dutch to make substantial progress in this regard, and he provided his investors with a whopping total return of over 400%.

The bells of Amsterdam which saluted his return hardly stopped ringing before other Dutch merchant companies with designs on the East Indies “sprang up like mushrooms” (Boxer). Meanwhile, the mood in Portugal was somber. Merchants there credited Neck’s remarkable success to the dishonorable use of “force or fraud.” HOWGEGO N13. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 609/93. TIELE 786. TIELEMULLER 129. BOXER, pp.22-23.

4) Veer, Gerrit de: Vraye Description de Trois Voyages de Mer Tres Admirables, Faits en Trois Ans, a Chaevn An Vn; Par les Navires D’hollande Et Zelande.... Amsterdam: Nicolas, 1609. [1],44 leaves. Titlepage vignette, thirty-one in-text engravings, plus three maps (one full-page).

Third French edition, after the first of 1598. An early Arctic voyage, representative of the extent of Dutch ambitions. De Veer, as a chronicler for the expedition, accompanied Jacob van Heemskirk on his second voyage to the Barents Sea searching for a northeast passage to China. “[T]he ships advanced well to the north of Scandinavia, sighting Veere Island for the first time. Continuing further north as far as 80 degrees 11 minutes, the expedition sighted [Spitsbergen], which they coasted in a southerly direction. This was probably the first sighting of the islands of Spitsbergen, although there is some evidence of their discovery by Icelandic navigators...” – Howgego. HOWGEGO H55. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 609/128. TIELE-MULLER 99.

5) Noort, Olivier van: Description dv Penible Voyage Fait Entovr de l’Vnivers ov Globe Terrestre. Par Sr. Olivier dv Nort d’Vtrecht, General de Qvatre Navires, Assavoir: de Celle Dite Mauritius.... Amsterdam: Nicolas, 1610. [2],62pp., including twentyfive in-text engravings and two full-page maps. Titlepage vignette.

Second French edition, after the first of 1602. Van Noort, a former tavernkeeper in Rotterdam, accomplished the third circumnavigation of the globe after Magellan and Drake, and was the first Dutch explorer to do so, making the trip from 1598 to 1601. The voyage was particularly arduous. Half the crew mutinied, his ships were constantly harassed, and most of those that didn’t mutiny perished from disease. Despite his effort, Van Noort contributed little to the known geography of the world. Still, Van Noort was an inspiration to his country, and he established Holland as a power in global exploration. HOWGEGO N37.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 610/79. SABIN 55438. BORBA DE MORAES II:103.

TIELE 806.

Though issued separately and complete as such, these voyages were clearly intended to comprise a set. It is remarkable to find a collection like this one which survives in this intended format.

A rare and compelling volume, describing the era Dutch sea power first asserted $72,500. itself on the world stage.

Early Account of Champlain 40. [Cayet, Pierre Victor-Palme]: CHRONOLOGIE SEPTENAIRE DE

L’HISTOIRE DE LA PAIX ENTRE LES ROYS DE FRANCE ET D’ESPAGNE...AUEC LES SUCCEZ DE PLUSIEURS NAUIGATIONS FAICTES AUX INDES ORIENTALES, OCCIDENTALES & SEPTENTRIONALES.... Paris. 1607. Engraved title, regular title, [6]pp., 506 leaves. Thick 12mo. Later speckled boards, leather label, spine gilt. Extremities rubbed. Contents tanned, foredge trimmed affecting some sidenotes but no main text. Else very good.

A rare and important volume, containing one of the first accounts of Champlain’s first voyage to North America. The work includes a detailed account of the 1603 expedition to Canada organized by Amyar de Chastres, governor of Dieppe, and commanded by Sieur Du Pont. Champlain went along on this expedition. The book as a whole reports on the events of 1598 to 1604, including considerable material on Jesuit activity in the New World and China, as well as Canada. The first edition of this book was issued in 1605, with subsequent editions published in 1606, 1607, and 1609. Some of these were issued with an engraved title, as was the present copy, although this is not mentioned by Sabin or Alden. All editions are rare.

SABIN 11627 (ref). LANDE 113 (ref). HARRISSE NOUVELLE FRANCE, p.284. PALAU 50667. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 607/13. $4000.

The Most Important Suite of Early Images of American Indians 41. Hariot, Thomas, and John White: ADMIRANDA NARRATIO FIDA

TAMEN, DE COMMODIS ET INCOLARUM RITIBUS VIRGINIAE...ANGLICO SCRIPTA SERMONE A THOMA HARIOT. Frankfurt: Johann Wechel for Theodor de Bry and Sigismund Feierabend, 1590 [but ca. 1608]. Engraved title to text, letterpress title to plates, engraved arms on dedication leaf, colophon leaf F6, blank D6. Double-page engraved map of Virginia [Burden 76, state 2]; engraved plate of Adam and Eve (first state with inscription “Iodocus a Winghe in / / Theodore de Bry fe”; twenty-seven engraved plates after John White (including five plates of Picts). Folio. Expertly bound to style in limp vellum. Worm track in upper margin of signature “b”; small tear at fold of Virginia map near two small worm holes; tears in lower margin of E6 and F3. Else very good. In a 19th-century crushed olive morocco solander box, stamped in gilt on front and rear covers.

Second edition, first issue of this foundation work on the early exploration and delineation of America which combines a critically important text with a series of spectacular images, all relating to the first British colony to be established on the sub-continent.

This volume was the first issued by the publisher, Theodor De Bry, in his extraordinary series, Grand Voyages, which set out to describe the exploration of the New World. Although this copy is basically a second edition, first issue, it does also include sheets and images from the two earlier issues, as is almost always the case: evidently, the publisher was in the habit of making up copies using whatever sheets were at hand.

This method of publication ensured makes it unlikely that any two copies of this work are the same.

This work recounts the history of the abortive Roanoke colony established by the British in North Carolina in 1585. Thomas Hariot’s text, describing the country of Virginia and North Carolina, was first published in London in 1588 (only six copies are known) and here republished in Latin. Hariot, like the artist, John White, was part of the Roanoke expedition and wrote his account from actual observation. It is the first description of the Virginia and Carolina country. The map which accompanies the volume is the first really good map of the Virginia coast and Carolina capes, showing the coast from the mouth of the Chesapeake to Wilmington, North Carolina.

John White’s illustrations are among the most famous early American images.

White was the lieutenant-governor of the abortive colony, and a skilled artist. His carefully executed watercolors, gleaned from close observation and remarkably accurate renderings of the Carolina Indians and their customs, costumes, rituals, hunting practices, and dwellings, are here expertly engraved by De Bry. No other artist so carefully rendered American Indians until Karl Bodmer worked on the Missouri in the 1830s.

Besides these illustrations, there are plates showing White’s conception of the ancient Picts of Scotland, to whom he wished to compare the American natives.

CHURCH 140-142. ARENTS 37. CUMMING & DE VORSEY 12. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 590/7. NCB I:396. SABIN 8784. VAIL 7. (all refs) $95,000.

A Monument in the Description and Cartography of New France, of Importance to Early Virginia 42. Lescarbot, Marc: NOVA FRANCIA: OR THE DESCRIPTION OF

THAT PART OF NEW FRANCE, WHICH IS ONE CONTINENT WITH VIRGINIA. DESCRIBED IN THE THREE LATE VOYAGES AND PLANTATION MADE BY MONSIEUR DE MONTS, MONSIEUR DU PONT-GRAUÉ, AND MONSIEUR DE POUTRINCOURT, INTO THE COUNTRIES CALLED BY THE FRENCH MEN LA CADIE, LYING TO THE SOUTHWEST OF CAPE BRETON. TOGETHER WITH AN EXCELLENT SEVERALL TREATIE OF ALL THE COMMODITIES OF THE SAID COUNTRIES, AND MANNERS OF THE NATURAL INHABITANTS OF THE SAME. TRANSLATED OUT OF FRENCH

INTO ENGLISH BY P[IERRE] E[RONDELLE]. London: [Eliot’s Court Press] for George Bishop, 1609. [16],307pp. plus folding engraved map (9¼ x 19¼ inches). Small quarto. Modern dark green morocco, gilt boards and spine, a.e.g., gilt dentelles. Bound by Sangorski and Sutcliffe. Upper outer joint slightly tender. Bookplates of Boies Penrose on front pastedown (“Ex Libris Boies Penrose II”) and front free endpaper (“Old East India House Ex Libris Boies Penrose”). Slight age-toning throughout. First leaf (blank save for a single fleuron) in facsimile, a few small repairs to titlepage and first two preliminary leaves (affecting a few letters). Repaired minor tear across lower border of map.

A very good copy.

The rare first English edition of this premier source for the history of Canada, published the same year as the French first edition, complete with the first contemporary and detailed map of Canada. Lescarbot was a French writer and lawyer who spent the winter of 1606-7 at Port Royal, Acadia. He gives accounts of early French voyages and discoveries in America such as those of Villegagnon to Brazil; Verrazzano, Ribaut and Laudonnière to Florida, Champlain, sieurs de Poutrincourt and de Monts, Cartier, and Roberval. Also included is much information concerning the Indian tribes, especially those of northeastern Canada, to whom the second book in this English edition is devoted. Much of the material Lescarbot collected himself, interviewing members of the early expeditions and recording his own observations and experiences. Field, in describing the first French edition, states: “His descriptions of Indian Life and peculiarities are very interesting, an account both of their fidelity, and from being among the first authentic relations, we have of them after Cartier.”

As with so many important works on American published in English in this era, the author, translator, and scholar Richard Hakluyt played a role in the publication of the English edition of Lescarbot. The translator Pierre Erondelle states in the introduction that Hakluyt had asked him to translate the work both to describe Canada and also “for the particular use of this nation, to the end that comparing the goodness of lands of the northern parts herein mentioned with that of Virginia, which...must be far better by reason it stands more southerly nearer to the sun; greater encouragement may be given to prosecute that generous and goodly action.” Thus accounts of Canada, in Hakluyt’s reckoning, would enhance the promotional materials of the Virginia Company, then being published in London.

The large map, “Figure de la Terre Neuue, Grand Riviere de Canada, et Côtes de l’Ocean en la Novvelle France,” was also issued with the first French edition, and is considered the most accurate cartographic representation of the area at the time. “The map extends up the St. Lawrence River as far as the Indian village Hochelaga, or Montreal as we know it. The first trading post in Canada, founded in 1600 at Tadousac, is shown at the mouth of the R. de Saguenay and just next to that is the River Lesquemin mistakenly named in reverse. Kebec is shown here for the first time on a printed map in its Micmac form, meaning the narrows of the river” – Burden.

The rare English translation of an early significant history of Canada, with the most accurate contemporary map of the region.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 609/68. SABIN 40175. CHURCH 341. VAIL 16. HARRISSE NOUVELLE FRANCE 19. BORBA DE MORAES, pp.406-7. FIELD 916. STC 15491.

SCHWARTZ & EHRENBERG, pp.88-90. BURDEN 157 (map). McCORKLE, NEW ENGLAND IN EARLY PRINTED MAPS 609.1 (map). PAYNE, RICHARD HAKLUYT 22.

$285,000.

Tax Exemptions for New World Religious Orders 43. [Latin American Religious Orders]: SEÑOR. LAS RELIGIONES

MENDICANTES Y MONACALES, EN NOMBRE DE SUS CASAS Y CÓUENTOS DE LAS PROUINCIAS DE LAS INDIAS OCIDENTALES...[caption title]. [Spain? 1611]. [12]pp. (leaves numbered 1-6). In Spanish. Folio. Dbd. Early folds, mild foxing. Very good.

An early and evidently unrecorded 17th-century Spanish petition to the King on behalf of mendicant and monastic communities in the Spanish Americas. The authors argue that the churches attempting to tax their incomes and force them to pay tithes are hurting religious efforts in the Americas and infringing upon the historical independence of the religious orders from the churches. The document is signed in print by eleven monks, each representing a different order: the Benedictines, Hieronymites, Franciscans, Cistercians, Mercedarians, Dominicans, Augustinians, Trinitarians, Jesuits, Premonstratensians, and Carmelites. The Jesuit signer is Pedro de Caruajal, presumably Pedro de Carbajal, former magistrate and judge of the Vilcas Huamán province of Peru and author of Descripcion Fecha de la Provincia de Vilcas Guaman...en el Año $3000.

1586.

Hakluyt’s Successor 44. Purchas, Samuel: PVRCHAS HIS PILGRIMAGE OR RELATIONS

OF THE WORLD AND THE RELIGIONS OBSERVED IN ALL AGES AND PLACES DISCOVERED, FROM THE CREATION UNTO THIS PRESENT. IN FOURE PARTS.... London: Printed by William Stansby for Henrie Featherstone, 1614. [28],331,330-851,862-889,900918,[36]pp. Small, thick folio. Modern calf, raised bands, leather label. Contemporary ownership inscriptions on fly leaf and titlepage. Titlepage tanned and lightly dampstained. First few leaves and top edge of text block lightly dampstained, else bright and clean internally. A good copy.

The second edition, “much enlarged with additions through the whole work,” after the first of the previous year, of this famous collection of travel narratives. The first three parts relate to travels in Asia, Africa, and the East Indies. With accounts of New France, Virginia, Florida, explorations of Cabeça de Vaca, Columbus, Frobisher, Cartier, Hudson, Raleigh, Cortes, and others, along with general histories of the conquests of Mexico, Peru, etc. This work saw constant revision after its first publication in 1613;

the fourth edition was issued as the supplementary volume to the noted Hakluytus Posthumus... in 1625.

SABIN 66679. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 614/94. JCB (3)II:105. STC 20506. ESTC $3500.

S111828 .

The First Brazilian Author 45. Berettari, Sabastiano: VITA R.P. IOSEPHI ANCHIETAE SOCIETATIS IESU SACERDOTIS IN BRASILIA DEFUNCTI. Cologne: Johann Kinckius, 1617. 427,[2]pp. 12mo. Contemporary vellum, morocco label stamped in gilt. Binding moderately soiled, remnants of two leather ties. Slight age toning, a few instances of light dampstaining. A very good copy.

The second edition of Berettari’s life of the Jesuit, Joseph Anchieta, following the first Latin edition published the same year in Lyon. Translations into Spanish, French, and Italian appeared in 1618, 1619, and 1621, respectively. Based on the manuscript account of Father Pedro Rodrigues, Visiting Father to Angola and Brazil, this popular biography of the 16th-century missionary’s experiences in Brazil includes an account of the Jesuits’ first mission there. Anchieta, born of Spanish parents in the Canary Islands in 1530, traveled to the New World after his initial training in Jesuit schools, and was a co-founder of both São Paolo in 1554 and Rio de Janeiro in 1565. An energetic missionary, traveler, and author, Anchieta composed works in Spanish, Latin, Portuguese, and Tupi, including poetry, dramatical pieces, and Brazilian Indian language grammars as well as prose works on history, philosophy, and religion. He is considered the first Brazilian writer.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 617/20. SABIN 4827. MEDINA (BHA) 652. BORBA DE MORAES, p.99. JCB (3)II:117. $2750.

A Classic Peruvian History 46. Vega, Garcilaso de la: HISTORIA GENERAL DEL PERV TRATA

EL DESCVBRIMIENTO DEL; Y COMO LO GANARON LOS ESPAÑOLES. LAS GUERRAS CIUILES QUE HUUO ENTRE PIÇARROS, Y ALMAGROS, SOBRE LA PARTIJA DE LA TIERRA. CASTIGO Y LEUANTAMIETO DE TIRANOS: Y OTROS SUCESSOS PARTICULARES QUE EN LA HISTORIA SE CONTIENEN. ESCRITA POR EL YNCA GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA. [Cordova: Por la viuda de Andres Barrera, y à su costa, 1617]. Large woodcut vignette on title. Folio. Contemporary limp vellum. Some minor worming with occasional loss, title shaved with loss of imprint, a few other leaves shaved with loss of catchwords. Else very good.

A fine, unsophisticated copy of El Inca’s history of Peru: a fundamental history of early America, here in its second issue, differing from the first only in its variant titlepage.

The second issue of the second part of Garcilaso de la Vega’s famous Historia General... or “Royal Commentaries” which had been published first, a few months earlier in Cordova, in 1616. This issue includes the same text block as the first, with only a variant titlepage with a different and larger vignette of the Virgin, and the words “y à su costa” added to the imprint. The first issue is virtually unobtainable and is known in only two copies (at the Bibliothèque Nationale and the John Carter Brown Library). The text and title for the first issue were probably printed in late 1616, indeed the errata leaf includes the date “12. de Novembre de 1616” and the JCB copy contains both the 1616 and 1617 titlepages. For the present second issue, the 1616 title was cancelled and a new reset titlepage dated 1617 was added to the original printing of the text.

The two parts of Vega’s history are actually considered to be two separate but complementary works, which were originally published separately. This second “part” is largely concerned with the period between the Spanish conquest and the civil war in the area. The critic, Menendez y Pelayo, called the Historia General... “the most genuinely American book that has ever been written, and perhaps the only one in which a reflection of the soul of the conquered races has survived.” “Like the first part, the

second is a commentary rather than a history, for...’El Inca’ quotes largely from other writers...always carefully indicating the quotations and naming the authors. But his memory was well stored with anecdotes that he had heard when a boy; and with these he enlivens the narrative” – Winsor, p.569.

Garcilaso de la Vega, known as “El Inca,” was born in Peru and spent his formative years there, living out his later life in Spain. His father was a Spanish conquistador and a participant in the events that his son chronicles, while his mother was an Inca princess born in Cuzco. “He was a gentleman of refinement and possessed of much learning, speaking Spanish and Quichua from infancy. A descendant of the proud race of the Incas, he was a most industrious and careful historian of the evil fortunes of his race, as well as a chronicler of the victories of the conquerors” – Maggs. Vega’s contemporary record of the early Spanish period in Peru is most valuable, as it is based on eyewitness testimony and personal observation.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 617/55. FIELD 590 (note). LeCLERC 614. MAGGS BIBLIOTHECA AMERICANA VI:413. OCLC 11494608. MEDINA (BHA) 658. PALAU $17,500.

354789. SABIN 98755. WINSOR II, p.575.

The Original Utopia 47. More, Thomas: SIR THOMAS MOORE’S [sic] UTOPIA: CON-

TAINING, AN EXCELLENT LEARNED, WITTIE, AND PLEASANT DISCOURSE OF THE BEST STATE OF A PUBLIKE WEALE, AS IT IS FOUND IN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE NEW ILE CALLED UTOPIA.... London: Printed by Bernard Alsop, 1624. [8],138,[5]pp. Small quarto. Late 19th-century blue morocco by Riviere, rebacked in matching style, spine gilt, a.e.g., gilt inner dentelles. Leaf E3 with a small hole affecting two letters. Early ownership signature of W. Inge in two places on the titlepage. Near fine.

The fourth edition of Thomas More’s landmark fable in English, and the first edition of Ralph Robinson’s translation corrected by Bernard Alsop. It is also the first with a new dedication, to Cresacre More, great grandson of the author. This is the classic English translation of Utopia..., “which has not been displaced in popular esteem by the subsequent efforts of Gilbert Burnet (1684) and Arthur Cayley (1808)” (DNB).

Thomas More’s Utopia... marks the creation of a genre that was to have a far-reaching effect on the world of letters and of the imagination. The notion of an ideal society had been canvassed before, notably in Plato’s Republic... and Laws..., but it was More who fully developed the concept of an imagined ideal world, and who also gave the familiar name to the concept, with his famous pun on “good place” (eutopos) and “nowhere” (outopos).

In More’s invention, Utopia is in the New World, discovered by his hero, Hythlodaye, during one of his three voyages with Amerigo Vespucci. The work owes a considerable debt to “the sense of discovery and possibility afforded by the Renaissance voyages of exploration” (Susan Bruce, Three Modern Utopias). It is thus a prime

early Americanum, with its vision of the New World as an ideal of human life.

The preferred early English language translation of a landmark work and a testament to the role of America in the European imagination.

GIBSON 28. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 624/93. PRINTING AND THE MIND OF MAN 47. STC 18097. LOWNDES IV:1607. $8750.

Harsh Words For Spain 48. [Teixeira, José, supposed author]: THE SPANISH PILGRIME; OR,

AN ADMIRABLE DISCOVERY OF A ROMISH CATHOLICKE. SHEWING HOW NECESSARY AND IMPORTANT IT IS, FOR THE PROTESTANT KINGS, PRINCES, AND POTENTATES OF EUROPE; TO MAKE WARRE UPON THE KING OF SPAINES OWNE COUNTREY: ALSO WHERE, AND BY WHAT MEANES, HIS DOMINIONS MAY BE INVADED AND EASILY RUINATED.... London: Printed by B. Alsop and sold by Thomas Archer, 1625.

[12],136 [i.e. 134]pp. Quarto. Modern speckled calf. Titlepage with contemporary ink marks, soiled, old paper repair (no loss). First six leaves and last leaf moderately soiled, last leaf soiled with margins repaired (no loss). Otherwise internally very clean. A near very good copy.

The first edition under this title of this virulently anti-Spanish work. First published in London in 1598 as A Treatise Paraenetical, that English edition was translated from the Paris 1598 edition of Traicté Paranaetique. Five other editions in Dutch and French also appeared in 1598, following the first Paris edition the previous year. European Americana notes that the text was “long and generally attributed to Teixeira, or to Antonio Pérez, the ascription is now held erroneous.” The text describes numerous difficulties concerning Spain and King Philip, justifying the continuing need for war against that country and the invasion of its colonies. References to Portugal, the New World, Sir Francis Drake, and Ferdinand Magellan are included.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 625/229. STC 19838.5. SABIN 96752 (London 1598 ed).

$2250.

Massive Collection of Voyages: A Foundation Work for English Exploration 49. Purchas, Samuel: HAKLUYTUS POSTUMUS OR PURCHAS HIS PILGRIMES. CONTAYNING A HISTORY OF THE WORLD, IN SEA VOYAGES & LANDE-TRAUELLS, BY ENGLISHMEN & OTHERS...IN FIVE BOOKS.... London: William Stansby for Henrie Fetherstone, 1625-1626. Five volumes. Folio. Crushed blue morocco, gilt, by W. Pratt, covers with central gilt arabesques, spines lettered in gilt in six compartments, marbled endpapers, a.e.g. A fine copy.

ITEM 49.

The second great collection of English voyages, expanding upon and greatly adding to the work of Hakluyt, whose manuscripts Purchas took over after Hakluyt’s death.

Purchas collects over twelve hundred separate narratives of explorations in every part of the world. Many of the accounts relate to the New World, especially Virginia, and one of the engraved maps is Smith’s famous “Map of Virginia.”

Besides the Smith Virginia map, Purchas also includes two other maps of the greatest importance for North American cartography. The first of these is the “Briggs” map of North America, generally considered the first map to show California as an island.

The Briggs map is also the first to note New Mexico by that name, and the first to name the Hudson River and Hudson Bay. The other notable American map is William Alexander’s depiction of the Northeast, showing the coast from Massachusetts north to Newfoundland. As Burden notes, this is the first map to record many place names and is a “map of great importance.”

Purchas began work on his massive collection in 1611, and published various editions of a short collection, with the similar title of “Purchas His Pilgrimage,” over the next ten years. That publication, however, was merely a precursor to the present work, an entirely different book and arguably the greatest collection of travels and voyages ever published. The first two volumes are mainly devoted to travels in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. The third volume largely treats northern explorations and America. The fourth volume is almost entirely devoted to America. The fifth volume, Pilgrimage, is a supplement to all of the preceding parts, and properly completes a set of Purchas’ ...Pilgrimes....

A foundation work for any collection of travels and voyages.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 625/173. SABIN 66682-6. CHURCH 401A. HUTH SALE 6057. BAER MARYLAND 8. HILL 1403. STREETER SALE 36. STC 20509. ARENTS 158.

JCB (3)II:196-97. BURDEN 164, 208, 214. $200,000.

A Major Work Promoting Nova Scotia, with a Sidelight on Maryland 50. [Vaughan, William]: THE GOLDEN FLEECE DIVIDED INTO

THREE PARTS, UNDER WHICH ARE DISCOVERED THE ERRORS OF RELIGION, THE VICES AND DECAYES OF THE KINGDOME, AND LASTLY THE WAYES TO GET WEALTH, AND TO RESTORE TRADING SO MUCH COMPLAYNED OF. TRANSPORTED FROM CAMBRIOLL COLCHOS, OUT OF THE SOUTHERMOST PART OF THE ILAND [sic], COMMONLY CALLED THE NEWFOUNDLAND.... London: Printed for Francis Williams, 1626. [28],149,[1],105,[1],96pp. Folding map in facsimile.

Small quarto. Contemporary speckled calf, stamped and ruled in blind, gilt morocco label, raised bands. Bookplate on front pastedown, some ink notes on front endpapers. Worm hole in lower outer margin throughout, most pronounced in first twenty-five leaves. Early manuscript marginalia (in English and Latin) and underscoring. A very good copy.

This copy with bears the bookplate of Thomas Hay (1710-87), eighth Earl of Kinnoull. Hay was a classical scholar, a member of Parliament, and in 1746 was made a lord of trade and plantations. “He took a prominent part in the efforts to improve the condition of Nova Scotia” – DNB. The anonymous author, William Vaughan (1575 or 1577-1641), was a Welsh poet and colonial promoter who saw Newfoundland, with its rich fisheries, as a source of revenue for England and of employment for its people. This work, in the form of a literary fantasy, is meant to extol the riches and gains to be had in Newfoundland.

“Cambrioll,” mentioned in the title here, was the name Vaughan gave to his settlement on the island. Vaughan actually spent time in Newfoundland from 1622 to 1624, an experience which greatly adds to the accuracy of this promotional work, and despite the fantastical nature of the text, much early information on Newfoundland is to be gleaned here. “This work is one of the earliest contributions to English literature from America, and was intended to advertise Vaughan’s colony. It is a queer fantasy in prose and verse, in which a succession of historical characters present complaints against the evils of the age in the Court of Apollo, and finally find the Golden Fleece in Newfoundland” – Baer. The text contains brief references to Lord Baltimore (a partner in Vaughan’s Newfoundland enterprise) and Captaine Wynne, hence the Maryland interest. Vaughan also criticizes the social use of tobacco, bringing his work to the attention of Arents.

The map of Newfoundland, here present in expert facsimile, was drawn by John Mason for Vaughan’s exceedingly rare Cambrensium Caroleia, published in 1625.

According to the Church catalogue, quoting Rich, the Mason map is not always found with The Golden Fleece – as in the Toronto Public Library copy, which is in a similar contemporary binding but lacks the map.

A significant early and interesting New World promotional, with a Maryland association.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 626/143. LANDE S2269. TPL 6302. BAER MARYLAND 12. ARENTS 161A. CHURCH 409. BELL V36. JCB (3)II:204. SABIN 98693. STC 24609.

DNB XX, pp.183-85 (Vaughan); IX, pp.275-76 (Hay). Mason map: BURDEN 216. KERSHAW, p.86. WORLD ENCOMPASSED 216. $13,500.

One of the Rarest Works on Drake: His Caribbean Raid of 1572 51. Nichols, Philip: SIR FRANCIS DRAKE REVIVED: CALLING

UPON THIS DULL OR EFFEMINATE AGE, TO FOLLOW HIS NOBLE STEPS FOR GOLD AND SILVER. BY THIS MEMORABLE RELATION, OF THE RARE OCCURRENCES (NEVER YET DECLARED TO THE WORLD) IN A THIRD VOYAGE, MADE BY HIM INTO THE WEST-INDIES, IN THE YEERES 72.

AND 73. WHEN NOMBRE DE DIOS WAS BY HIM AND FIFTIE TWO OTHERS ONELY IN HIS COMPANIE SURPRISED

.... London. 1628. [6],80pp. Small quarto. Modern tooled calf in contemporary style by Middleton, leather label. Some dust soiling and tanning, else very good.

Titlepage in expert facsimile.

The second edition, after the first of 1626, of this account of Francis Drake’s highly successful raid against the Spanish in Panama in 1572-73, one of his early Caribbean raids of plunder and harassment. Sabin states of this edition: “It differs from that of 1626 in having had the advantage of the incorporation of the errata of the latter date under the personal superintendence of the nephew of the great voyager. The last four leaves are larger than the rest of the book.” The expedition of fifty-two Englishmen attempted to seize Nombre de Dios, but were repulsed when Drake was wounded in the shoulder. After many reversals and hardships, the British managed to waylay an entire pack train of Peruvian silver, bringing home a fortune. Drake’s bold move was approved by Queen Elizabeth, who shared in the plunder, but the politics of his raid on Spain during a period of ostensible peace made it necessary for him to disappear to Ireland for several years after the event. Besides his success in plunder, on this expedition Drake became the first Englishman to see the Pacific Ocean.

The book was originally written in a manuscript account of the expedition given to Queen Elizabeth on New Year’s Day 1593. In his letter of presentation which serves

as the introduction to the book, Drake suggests that, while it is pleasant to think of past victories, he would rather be undertaking new employment of the same sort. The opportunity soon presented itself, with more raids in the West Indies; and just over three years after giving the manuscript to the Queen, the intrepid Drake died at sea off Puerto Rico during a raid on Spanish shipping. Thirty years after Drake’s death, courtier Philip Nichols reworked and published the manuscript. The timing of publication of the first edition is significant. James I, Elizabeth’s successor, had been eager to conciliate the Spanish, and no publication so openly lauding raids on Spanish property would have been tolerated under his reign. James I died in 1625 and Sir Francis Drake Revived... was published the following year.

A most important piece of Drakeiana.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 628/87. SABIN 20838. STC 18545. JCB (3)II:213.

$4500.

The Spanish-British Treaty of 1630: Opening the Caribbean to British Trade 52. [Treaty of Madrid]: ARTICLES OF PEACE, ENTERCOURSE,

AND COMMERCE, CONCLUDED IN THE NAMES OF THE...

KING OF GREAT BRITAINE...AND...KING OF SPAINE, &c. IN A TREATY AT MADRID.... London: Robert Barker, 1630. [35] leaves.

Initial leaf A1 with letter “A” surrounded by a woodcut, verso of leaf A4 with woodcut coat of arms. Small quarto. Modern calf in antique style, gilt morocco label. Trimmed a bit close, but with no loss. Single small worm hole at the end of a line of text throughout, but with no loss. Near fine.

The Treaty of Madrid, here in the first English-language edition, made peace between Spain and Britain. Its main importance to the New World was its guarantee that British traders could move freely and do business in America and the East Indies, except those parts of the West Indies, and Central and South America where the Spanish had settlements. Thus it still kept England out of the Caribbean, but gave free rein to trade with the North American colonies, and for the British to pursue their plantings of colonies in unoccupied parts of the Americas. The preface states that this printing of the treaty was authorized to better inform merchants conducting overseas commerce.

An important treaty, with substantial economic consequences. Scarce. Not in European Americana, Sabin, or Kress.

DAVENPORT 35. PALAU 339953. STC 9251.3. GOLDSMITHS 603. $1750.

Written by a Friend of Columbus 53. Geraldini, Alexandri: ITINERARIUM AD REGIONES SUB

ÆQUINOCTIALI PLAGA CONSTITUTAS...OPUS ANTIQUITATES, RITUS, MORES, & RELIGIONES POPULORU,

ÆTHIOPIE, AFRICÆ, ATLANTICI OCEANI.... Rome: Guilelmi Facciotti, 1631. [16],284,[36]pp. Extra engraved titlepage. 12mo. Contemporary limp vellum, yapp edges, manuscript title on spine. Later library shelf label. Lower half of rear hinge broken. Light tanning throughout. Overall very good. In a half morocco and cloth box.

A primary account of the earliest period of American discovery, first published here more than a hundred years after it was written. Taken from a manuscript originally written in 1523 by this friend and companion of Columbus, this is one of the earliest written descriptions of the discovery and condition of the West Indies. It was Geraldini’s support of Columbus’ argument for a spherical globe that enabled Columbus to be heard by the official council charged with evaluating his proposed voyage.

Later, Geraldini himself went to Santo Domingo as the new see’s first bishop, and the present text also includes an account of his voyage and a description of the island. He writes that the native race has nearly been extinguished and that he is sending back to Europe two turkeys. His original manuscript was composed in 1523, thus his work precedes that of Oviedo and supplants the great explorer as the first European writer to mention the turkey. “A very scarce and curious volume on the discovery of the West Indies...” – Sabin.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 631/43. SABIN 27116. MEDINA (BHA) 890. STREIT II: 1600. JCB (3)II:236-37. Appleton’s Cyclopædia II, p.628. $12,500.

The Summation of Champlain’s Achievements 54. Champlain, Samuel de: LES VOYAGES DE LA NOUVELLE FRANCE OCCIDENTALE, DICTE CANADA. Paris: chez Claude Collet, 1632. Blank leaves Qq4 and G4. Six copper engraved illustrations (two full-page), two woodcut illustrations. Lacking the large folding map, “Carte de la nouvelle france”; the two “Table des Chapitres” and the “Table du Traité” i.e. pp.9-16 [leaves B1-4] normally bound immediately before p.1 [leaf A1 recto] of the text to “Livre Premier.” Quarto. Contemporary speckled calf, covers with triple fillet border in blind, spine in five compartments with raised bands, lettered in gilt in the second compartment. Expert repair to upper joint and head of spine. Paper fault hole in LL1 with slight loss to image and text; worming in pp.237-308, 1-50 [leaves GG3-G1], and pp.305-310,1-54,1-20 [leaves Qq1-C2] with occasional loss of a few characters. Provenance: Francis Charles Granville Egerton (1847-1914), 3rd Earl of Ellesmere (Bridgewater Library armorial bookplate dated 1898, pressmark “43 F 11” on label on front pastedown).

The fine Bridgewater library copy of perhaps the most important edition of Champlain, “as it contains a collective narrative embodying a review of all preceding French expeditions to the New World, followed by and interwoven with Champlain’s own voyages to Canada” (Church).

The imprint on the title of this copy of the book identifies it as being a preferred later issue: Streeter notes that the first issue is published by “Chez Pierre Le-Mur.”

This copy is without the legendary large format “Carte de la nouvelle france,” which is almost never found; it does, however, reprint the text of Breboeuf’s Doctrine Chrestienne in the Huron language on the last twenty pages (this is lacking from many copies). According to Church, “Of all the editions of Champlain, this is the only complete one.” The first part contains abridged accounts of the first six voyages of Champlain, through 1613 (those covered in the volume published that year), and a full account of the seventh voyage of 1615-17, with a brief note on the eighth. The second part contains a full account of the ninth voyage and a history of Canada for the period from 1620 to 1631 – this material appears here for the first time. The treatise on navigation makes its first appearance here. Champlain’s work stands alone as a full, accurate, detailed account of New France in the first three decades of the 17th century.

He was the first to systematically explore a large part of the coastline of New England reaching as far south as just below Cape Cod, and probably sighting Martha’s Vineyard, and he can be said to have initiated the exploration of the Great Lakes. In short, his work offers an historical and ethnological source without compare. This excellence extends to the illustrations: the six engravings which appear in this edition, identical to those which illustrated the 1619 Champlain, are some of the most accurate illustrations of Indians to appear before the 19th century.

Champlain’s contribution to the exploration, description, and mapping of North America is unique: he is the only individual who not only explored vast areas personally, but who published maps and descriptions of what he had seen: “posterity is fortunate that in Champlain’s experience was combined with scientific skill; otherwise the information he gathered would have been lost” (Heidenreich).

BURDEN 237 (state 2). CHURCH 420, 446. Cumming, Skelton & Quinn, Discovery of North America, pp.286-87. Heidenreich, “An Analysis of the 17th Century Map ‘Nouvelle France’” in Cartographica, Vol. 25, no. 3, pp.36, 89-97 Heidenreich & Dahl, “The French Mapping of North America” in The Map Collector, issue 13, pp.4-5. SCHWARTZ & EHRENBERG, p.89, pl.48 (p.93). FITE & FREEMAN, pp.132-34. KERSHAW, pp.78-83. LANDE 118. PILLING, PROOF-SHEETS 464. STREETER SALE 3631. SABIN 11839. STOKES II, pp.127, 141.

$27,500.

Best Account of the Conquest of Mexico 55. Díaz del Castillo, Bernal: HISTORIA VERDADERA DE LA CONQUISTA DE LA NUEVA-ESPAÑA.... Madrid: en la Imprenta del Reyno, [1632]. [10],256 leaves (text in double columns), plus engraved titlepage (upper portion in facsimile). Small folio. Late 17th- or early 18th-century binding of Spanish calf, expertly rebacked preserving the backstrip, raised bands with gilt star ornaments, gilt leather label. Corners worn, binding a bit rubbed. Upper quarter of engraved titlepage in expert facsimile (affecting the pediment and the statues at the top of the engraved building, but not affecting the text). Even tanning, an occasional bit of foxing. A good copy.

The classic account of the Spanish conquest of Mexico by, as the titlepage identifies the author, “uno de sus Conquistadores.” Written in response to Lopez de Gomara’s

laudatory biography of Cortes, in which “El Marques” sometimes seems to have conquered the Aztec empire single-handedly, the Historia Verdadera... remained in manuscript for some fifty years until Alonso Remon, the Chronicler General of the Mercederian Order, edited the text for publication. It is the classic eyewitness account of the conquest of Mexico, and will always be one of the primary sources for that extraordinary saga.

“Díaz wrote from the point of view of the man in the ranks; he had served as a junior officer throughout the campaign, from the landing at Vera Cruz to Cortés’s march against Olid in Honduras. He had fought the Tlaxcalans, he had battled his way across the causeway on Noche Triste, he had been all through the siege of Mexico. In all he tells us that he had taken part in one hundred and nineteen battles, and his body was covered with wounds. For this service his only rewards were an Aztec princess and a

magistracy in Guatemala, but had the satisfaction that comes alone from distinguished service, and his heroic robustness shows itself in every line of his book. There is nothing urbane or polished about Díaz’s Historia. It is the unadorned, day-to-day account of one of Cortés’s soldiers; its very simplicity and frankness give it a genuine flavour, which together with the great events it depicts, makes it one of the most powerful and stirring soldier’s narratives ever written” – Penrose.

A foundation work for any collection of Americana, this edition has an engraved titlepage and the additional chapter CCXII (misnumbered CCXXII). Another edition was published the same year with the titlepage set in letterpress and without the final chapter included here. It remains a mystery why there are two, evidently contemporary, editions which are obviously in two separate settings of type. This edition, with the added chapter and engraved title, is generally held to be rarer than the edition with typeset title.

MEDINA (BHA) 899. SABIN 19979. PALAU 72354 (note). MAGGS BIBLIOTHECA AMERICANA I:194. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 632/28. SALVA II:3308, 3309.

$15,000.

A Foundation Work of Canadiana 56. Sagard-Theodat, Gabriel: LE GRAND VOYAGE DU PAYS DES

HURONS, SITUE EN L’AMERIQUE VERS LA MER DOUCE, ES DERNIERS CONFINS DE LA NOUVELLE FRANCE, DITE CANADA.... Paris. 1632. [22],380,[2]pp. With the extra engraved title. [bound with:] DICTIONAIRE DE LA LANGUE HURONNE. Paris. 1632. 12, [146],[14]pp. Small octavo. 18th-century calf, spine gilt, edges stained red. Slight separation at upper front hinge. Leaves washed, titlepage expertly remounted on matching paper. A few unobtrusive marginal repairs in main text, bottom edge of leaves of Dictionaire... expertly restored. Withal, a very good copy. In a half morocco and cloth box.

Sagard was a Recollet missionary who spent 1623-24 in Huronia as a missionary to the Huron nation. His book, based largely on his own experiences and those of his associates, as well as contemporary letters and documents, are considered to be the main authority for the history of the first Recollet mission in Canada in 1615-29, and the main source for Indian life and relations with the French which does not stem from the Jesuits. “Sagard and Champlain were the first explorers to give any very definite statements about the Huron Indian country and what they had learned from these Indians about the Great Lakes Country” – Greenly. Most of the work is devoted to the life of the Hurons, and has been called “a brilliant, astonishingly precise fresco.”

The Huron dictionary is the first printed Huron vocabulary, a collection of French expressions translated into Huron, to be used as a manual by traders and missionaries.

Sagard assembled it from his own work and those of other missionaries, and it remains “the most complete compilation extant dealing with the old Huron language.”

A major and important rarity of Canada, New France, and the Great Lakes region.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 632/86. ARENTS 181. BELL S33. CHURCH 421. FIELD 1341,1342. HARRISSE (NOUVELLE FRANCE) 52, 53. JCB II:243-44. LANDE S2012.

PILLING, IROQUOIAN, p.147. SABIN 74881,74883. STREETER SALE 93. VLACH 661. $40,000.

TPL 6305. GREENLY, MICHIGAN 10. 100 MICHIGAN RARITIES 1.

With an Important Series of Maps 57. Laet, Joannes de: NOVUS ORBIS SEU DESCRIPTIONIS INDIAE OCCIDENTALIS LIBRI XVIII.... Leiden: Elzevier, 1633. [32],690,[18]pp. plus fourteen double-page maps by Hessel Gerritsz. Sixty-eight woodcuts in text.

Half title. Engraved title with elaborate emblematic and architectonic border.

Folio. Contemporary calf, covers with double-fillet border in blind, spine in seven compartments with raised bands, the bands flanked by pairs of fillets in blind, painted figure “4” carefully painted in an attractive early calligraphic hand in white paint in the uppermost compartment, red-stained edges, expert restoration to head and foot of spine. In a modern cloth chemise, and modern red moroccobacked cloth slipcase, lettered in gilt on the spine.

An exceptional copy of the first Latin edition of “arguably the finest description of the Americas published in the seventeenth century” (Burden). The maps include the first to use the names Manhattan, New Amsterdam (for New York), and Massachusetts, and “one of the foundation maps of Canada” (Burden).

This work is one of the most important 17th-century New World histories. It is a cornucopia of early knowledge of the Americas and was compiled by de Laet, a director of the newly formed Dutch West India Company, with access to all the latest geographic knowledge. Pierre François Xavier de Charlevoix, writing in the 18th century, noted that the work as a whole “is full of the most excellent and curious details of the natural history, and the character, manners, and customs of the American aborigines, derived from the reports of the European mission establishments in America.” The present first edition in Latin was preceded by two editions in Dutch (the first of which was published in 1625). De Laet continued to add to and improve the work throughout his lifetime: the present edition contains fourteen maps as opposed to the ten in the 1625 edition, and the text has been considerably expanded.

This copy is unusual in two respects: firstly, its outstanding condition; and secondly, for the early, certainly 17th-century, annotations by an English-speaking owner who appears to have had some contact with the Americas, or at least with the products of the region. The front free endpaper includes an accomplished small ink drawing of a plant labeled “Cassavi” with a two-line note beside it: “Mammosaporta / a Jamaica fruite.” The second blank includes a reference to an important scientific work by Mario Bettino first published in 1645, Marii Bettini Apiarium Mathematicum. The index of the subjects of the woodcuts on the page preceding the first page of the main text includes two references which correctly identify “a Kinge Crab. novis Anglis” and a pineapple as a “Queene Pine.”

The maps are by Hessel Gerritsz and are some of the very best to appear up to that time. Gerritsz had trained under Willem Blaeu, but had been chosen in preference to his old master when the appointment of cartographer to the Dutch West India Company was made. The charming in-text illustrations are chiefly of biological or botanical specimens and are generally surprisingly accurate for their time, and each of the eighteen constituent books is turned over to the consideration of a different region

of the New World. The quality of the maps can be gauged from the fact that they served as a prototype for the mapping of America, with a number of them being reused in various later 17th-century atlases.

The maps are titled as follow: 1) “Americae sive Indiae occidentalis tabula generalis.” “The best west coast delineation to date”- Burden. BURDEN 229.

2) “Maiores minoresque insulae. Hispaniola, Cuba, Lucaiae et Caribes” 3) “Nova Francia et regiones adiacentes.” “One of the foundation maps of Canada” - Burden. BURDEN 230.

4) “Nova Anglia, Novum Belgium et Virginia.” “The first (map) to use the names Manhattan and N. Amsterdam. It is also the earliest to use...Massachusets (sic).”

- Burden. BURDEN 231. CUMMING 35. SCHWARTZ & EHRENBERG, p.105.

5) “Florida. et regiones vicinae.” “Its influence was quite considerable” - Burden.

BURDEN 232. CUMMING 34.

6) “Nova Hispania, Nova Gallicia, Guatamala.” “The delineation of the coastlines here was the most accurate to date” - Burden. BURDEN 215.

7) “Tierra Firma item Nuevo Reyno de Granada atque Popayan” 8) “Peru” 9) “Chili” 10) “Provinciae sitae ad fretum Magellanis itemque fretum Le Maire” 11) “Paraguay, o prov. de rio de la Plata: cum adiacentibus Provinciis, quas vocant Tucuman, et Sta. Cruz de la Sierra” 12) “Provinciua de Brasil cum adiacentibus provinciis” 13) “Guaiania sive provinciae intra rio de las Amazonas atque rio de Yviapari sive Orinoque” 14) “Venezuela, atque occidentalis pars Novae Andalusiae” BORBA DE MORAES, p.451. SABIN 38557. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 633/65.

STREETER SALE 37. STREIT II:1619. JCB (3)II:246. TIELE 628. BELL L33. VAIL 84.

RODRIGUES 1352. ASHER 3. WILLEMS 382. ALDEN II:337. BRUNET III:741.

$35,000.

The Primary Document of the Swedish West India Company, and a Pioneering German Promotion of America 58. [Usselinx, Willem]: ARGONAUTICA GUSTAVIANA; DAS IST:

NOTHWENDIGE NACH RICHT VON DER NEWEN SEEFAHRT UND KAUFFHANDLUNG...DURCH ARICHTUNG EINER GENERAL HANDEL-COMPAGNIE.... Frankfurt. 1633. [20], 48 [i.e. 56],51pp. Folio. 18th-century plain stiff wrappers. Wrappers worn and stained, spine perished, front wrapper nearly detached. Ex-lib. with a small bookplate with deaccession stamp on the inner front wrapper, and an unobtrusive ink stamp on the titlepage. Lightly age-toned. Very good overall. In a cloth clamshell case, leather label.

“The largest and most important publication of the founder of the Dutch and Swedish West India Companies and probably the first piece of American promotion literature in German. It had considerable influence in beginning the German and Swedish migration to Pennsylvania and Delaware” – Vail. Willem Usselinx, who came from a spice-trading family in Antwerp, had seen the goods flooding into Spain and Portugal from their American colonies. In 1624, at the urging of Usselinx, King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden issued an edict establishing the exclusive rights of a new Swedish company to trade with Africa, America, Asia, and the “Terra Magellanica.” The present volume brings together all of Usselinx’s writings on the Swedish West India Company, some in their original language and others in translation. Included is a printing of the original charter of the “South Company,” published to increase interest in the trading company; prospectuses for the company from 1624 and 1626; directions to subscribers; various memorials by Usselinx; and much more.

A rare work, and a foundation piece for the Dutch and Swedish colonies in the midAtlantic, from New York to Wilmington.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 633/120. SABIN 98187. VAIL 85. ASHER 43. JAMESON, USSELINX 26, pp.169-71. KRESS S635. JCB (3)II:248. $15,000.

Not in EUROPEAN AMERICANA 59. [Iudice, Nicolas]: SEÑOR. EL GENERAL DON NICOLAS

IUDICE. DIZE: QUE AVIENDO DADO CUENTA A V. MAGESTAD DE ALGUNOS EXCESSOS DEL GENERAL DON ANTONIO DE OQUÉDO, QUE LO HA SIDO DE GALEONES EL AÑO DE 634. QUE EL DICHO TU DICE LO ERA DE LA ARMADA, Y FLORA DE LA PROVINCIA DE TIERRA-FIRME... [caption title]. [Np. ca. 1635]. 8 leaves. Folio. Later plain wrappers. Minor dust soiling on edges. Very good. In a half morocco and cloth box.

In the present memorial to King Philip IV, Don Nicolas Iudice, commander of the Spanish fleet dispatched to Tierra Firma, criticizes the actions of Gen. Antonio de Oquéndo, the commander of the highly prized galleon fleet for 1634, for acting against the orders of the Crown and for his own personal benefit. Iudice lists Oquéndo’s numerous past and present misdeeds, promises to provide proof, and challenges Oquéndo to do the same. Iudice describes events in Havana, San Augustin, and elsewhere. Good evidence of administrative in-fighting in Spanish America. Not in $5500.

European Americana or any other reference we can discover.

New England’s Prospect, with the Rare Map 60. Wood, William: NEW ENGLANDS PROSPECT. A TRUE,

LIVELY, AND EXPERIMENTALL DESCRIPTION OF THAT PART OF AMERICA, COMMONLY CALLED NEW ENGLAND: DISCOVERING THE STATE OF THAT COUNTRIE,

BOTH AS IT STANDS TO OUR NEW-COME ENGLISH PLANTERS; AND TO THE OLD NATIVE INHABITANTS....

London: Printed by Tho. Cotes for Iohn Bellamie, 1635. [8],83,[5]pp. plus folding woodcut and letterpress map. Small quarto. 20th-century crimson morocco, gilt, bound for Myers & Co. of London, spine in three compartments with raised bands, lettered in gilt in the second compartment, gilt turn-ins. Map close shaved to margins with two old neat repairs on verso. Upper margins shaved, touching headlines and an occasional page number. Neatly repaired worm track through outer blank margins of title and text leaves to C4.

The rare second edition of Wood’s New England’s Prospect..., with the very rare map: one of the classic works on early New England, important for descriptions of the land, natives, and its handsome map.

The first edition of this remarkably accurate work was published in 1634. According to Vail it includes the earliest topographical description of the Massachusetts colony.

It is also the first detailed account of the animals and plants of New England, as well as the Indian tribes of the region. Of particular note is a chapter describing the customs and work of Indian women.

Part One is divided into twelve chapters and is devoted to the climate, landscape, and early settlements, and describes in some detail the native trees, plants, fish, game, and mineral ores, as well as including advice to those thinking of crossing the Atlantic.

The early settlements described include Boston, Medford, Marblehead, Dorchester, Roxbury, Medford, Watertown, and New and Old Plymouth. These chapters also include four charming verses which are essentially a series of lists naming the native trees (twenty lines, starting “Trees both in hills and plaines, in plenty be, / The long liv’d Oake, and mournfull Cyprus tree / ...”); the animals (twelve lines, starting “The kingly Lyon, and the strong arm’d Beare, / The large lim’d Mooses, with the tripping Deare, / ...”); the birds (twenty-eight lines, starting “The Princely Eagle, and the soaring Hawke, / Whom in their unknowne wayes there’s none can chawke: / The Humberd for some Queenes rich Cage more fit, / Than in the vacant Wildernesse to sit, / ...”); and the inhabitants of the seas and rivers (twenty-eight lines, starting “The king of waters, the Sea shouldering Whale, / ...”). The chapter on the birds also includes what are clearly eye-witness descriptions of a number of birds including the Hummingbird and the Passenger Pigeon.

Part Two is devoted to the native inhabitants and is divided into twenty chapters.

The tribes described are the “Mohawks,” “Connectecuts,” “Pequants and Narragansetts.” Again Wood goes into some detail describing the clothing, sports, wars, games, methods of hunting and fishing, their arts, and ending with their language: the work ends with a five-page vocabulary of Indian words, one of the earliest published for New England.

The map, one of the most important early New England maps (and often lacking from the book) is here in a crisp, clean, fine example. It is the second state of the map, the same as appeared in the 1634 first edition, but with a reset heading, changing the date to 1635. It shows most of the New England coast north of Narragansett Bay. Philip Burden praises the map: “An extremely influential and very rare map, the most detailed of the emerging settlements in New England to date...Although simply made, this map is of greater accuracy than any before it. Covering the area from the Pascataque River, in present day New Hampshire, to Narragansett Bay, it is, however, the Massachusetts Bay area that is shown with the most detail...Wood’s map was not improved upon until the John Foster [map] in 1677.” It is the first map of the region made by a resident, William Wood, and the first to name Boston and some thirty other English or Indian settlements. The delineation of the coast is very well done, and it influenced John Smith, whose 1635 map includes a three-line inscription referring to Wood’s map as the source for new information, and also shows new towns depicted on Wood’s map.

“Little is known of the author. The dedication to Sir William Armine, Bart., of Lincolnshire, may indicate that Wood was also from there. He was resident in New England, perhaps primarily in Lynn, from 1629 to 1633, when he returned to London

to publish his book. He may have returned to New England afterward. The General Court of Massachusetts Bay voted thanks to him on the appearance of New England’s Prospect. The exceptional charm and vivacity of Wood’s writing, including flights of verse, is widely acknowledged” – Siebert sale.

BURDEN 239. SCHWARTZ & EHRENBERG, p.100. McCORKLE 634.1. THE WORLD ENCOMPASSED 213. MAPPING BOSTON, pp.23-24, plate 9. VAIL 89. CHURCH 433.

STC 25958. SABIN 105075. PILLING, PROOF-SHEETS 4199. PILLING, ALGONQUIAN, p.535. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 635/134. JCB (3)II:258. SIEBERT SALE 96.

$75,000.

ITEM 61.

The Most Entertaining Contemporary Book on Early New England 61. Morton, Thomas: NEW ENGLISH CANAAN OR NEW CANAAN. Amsterdam: Jacob Frederick Stam, 1637. 188,[3]pp. Small quarto. Elegantly bound by Riviere & Son in brown morocco, boards and spine finely gilt and stamped in black, gilt inner dentelles, a.e.g. Titlepage slightly soiled, light agetoning, occasional light foxing and soiling. A very good copy.

One of the classic accounts of the early settlement of New England, looked to increasingly by modern historians and anthropologists for its unbiased and detailed accounts of Indian life in early New England, descriptions of flora and fauna, and internecine struggles among the colonists. Morton first came to New England in 1622 and lived there until his expulsion by the Plymouth colonists a decade later. He was particularly sympathetic to the way of life of the Indians and provides extensive descriptions of customs, hunting, planting, artifacts, and lifestyles in the first section of the work. The second part provides a remarkable account of the landscape and ecology of New England (William Cronon draws heavily on Morton in his pioneering Changes in the Land). The final section of Morton’s account is the most famous historically, since it gives an account of his long and often amusing feud with the Plymouth Colony and a description of his separate settlement at Merry-Mount, where his close association with the Indians of the area and open defiance of the laws of the Plymouth settlers provided one of the more colorful episodes in early colonial New England.

Morton’s work is very scarce on the market, only two copies having appeared at auction in the last quarter century. A book of the greatest importance, perhaps the best single account of early New England.

CHURCH 437. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 637/69. JCB (3)II:265. STREETER SALE 616. SABIN 51028. STC 18202. VAIL 90. WINSOR III:348. DAB XIII, p.267. DNB XIII, pp.1055-57. $125,000.

Conversion of the Indians in Mexico, 1638 [Armendáriz, Lope Díez de]: DON LOPE DIEZ DE ARMENDARIZ, MARQUES DE CADEREYTA...SOBRE DOS FUNDAMENTOS PRINCIPALES...EL REY NUESTRO SEÑOR, Y SUS GLORIOSOS PROGENITORES, HAN HECHO DESPACHAR...A RODO AQUELLO QUE HA MIRADO, Y MIRA LA PUBLICACION, Y AMPLIFICACION DE LA LEY EUANGELICA, Y LA CONUERSION DE LOS INDIOS A NUESTRA SANTA FÈ CATOLICA...[caption title]. [Mexico. July 28,

62.

1638]. [4]pp. In Spanish. Folio. Dbd. Early folds, early marginal graffiti and stains. Very good.

A very rare Mexican imprint, apparently unrecorded, establishing a new board of royal patronage for the evangelization of Indians, by order of the Marqués de Cadereyta,

Viceroy of New Spain. The main portion of the text, signed in print by the viceroy, recites an ecclesiastical history of the Spanish New World, beginning with the 1493 Bull of Pope Alexander VI. It concludes with an announcement that the viceroy has assembled a new religious council from the “best ministers of the kingdom” to help establish public peace and assist New Spain’s churches in the conversion of Indians to the Catholic faith. The second part of the document names the eighteen scholars, government ministers, and clerics appointed to the council. Both parts are signed in print by viceroyal secretary Dionisio de Suescun and dated July 28, 1638. Lope Díez de Armendáriz, Marqués de Cadereyta (b. 1575), was the first American-born viceroy of New Spain; he ruled from 1635 to 1640. This imprint was unknown to Medina and $3500. has not been located in any other standard references or collections.

A Fine Copy of This Important and Influential Work 63. Linschoten, Jan Huygen van: HISTOIRE DE LA NAVIGATION DE

IEAN HUGUES DE LINSCHOT HOLLANDOIS: AUX INDES ORIENTALES CONTENANT DIVERSES DESCRIPTIONS DES LIEUX JUSQUES À PRESENT DESCOUVERTS PAR LES PORTUGAIS: OBSERVATIONS DES COUSTUMES & SINGULARITEZ DE DELÀ, & AUTRES DECLARATIONS. Amsterdam: Evert Cloppenburgh, 1638. Three parts bound in one volume. Three letterpress titles (two within elaborate engraved surrounds, the third with engraved vignette), engraved portrait of Linschoten on verso of index leaf, six folding engraved maps, thirty-six engraved plates and views by Johann and Baptiste ven Doetecom after Linschoten (five folding, thirty-one double-page). Folio, 12 3/8 x 7 7/8 inches. Early 18th-century calf, expertly rebacked to style with the spine in seven compartments with raised bands, red morocco lettering piece in the second, the others with repeat decoration in gilt made up from various small tools; modern dark blue morocco backed cloth, “spine” lettered in gilt. Minor worming in lower inner corner, just affecting the image area of one map. Provenance: La Trémoille, prince de Talmont (1652-1733, arms stamped on fly leaf); armorial stamp of Serrant (on fly leaf and first two title margins). In a half morocco clamshell case, spine gilt.

Third edition in French of this famous work, with commentaries by B. Paludanus, reprinted from the edition of 1619. The second and third parts are titled: Le Grand Routier de Mer...Continant une Instruction des Routes & Cours Qu’il Convient Tenir en la Navigation des Indes Orientales, & au Voyage de la Coste du Bresil, des Antilles, & du Cap de Lopo Gonsalves and Description de l’Amerique & des Parties d’Icelle, Comme de la Nouvelle France, Floride, des Antilles, Iucaya, Cuba, Jamaica, &c. The maps include van Langren’s maps of the East Indies and South America (including the Caribbean and Florida), and the double-hemispherical world map of Plancius dated 1594 (Shirley 187).

Linschoten, a Dutchman born in Delft in 1590, was in Goa between 1583 and 1589, and with Willem Barents on his second voyage to the Kara Sea in 1594-95. He had an “avaricious thirst for knowledge which enabled him to get detailed information of land and sea as far afield as the Spice Islands and China” (Penrose). This practical experience all lent authenticity to the present work, first published in Dutch (Amsterdam, 1595-96), and it remains one of the most important of all travel books.

It was the most comprehensive account of the East and West Indies available at the beginning of the 17th century. As well as including important travel accounts taken from contemporary Portuguese, Dutch, and Spanish sources, it is the first work to include precise sailing instructions for the Indies, and, according to Church (and other authorities), “it was given to each ship sailing from Holland to India.” The third part gives an excellent account of America.

An important work that served not only as a valuable record, but also as a catalyst for change in the balance of power amongst European trading nations in the east: “the navigator’s vade mecum for the Eastern seas” (Penrose). When Linschoten returned from Goa to his home in the Netherlands, he did so at a time when the people of northern Europe and particularly his countrymen were especially interested in what he had to report concerning the trading activities of the Portuguese in the East. His most important and far-reaching observations concerned the gradual decline of Portuguese power in the East and her ability to protect her trade routes and monopolies.

This, together with the trading possibilities he detailed, encouraged a series of Dutch, French, and English fleets to set sail for the Spice Islands, and beyond to China and Japan.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 638/67. JCB (3)II:271. PALAU 138584. SABIN 41373.

TIELE 686-88. $90,000.

A Leading New World Jurist 64. Solórzano Pereira, Juan de: TRADUCCION DE LA DEDICA-

TORIA REAL, I EPISTOLAS PROEMIO DEL SEGUNDO TOMO DEL DERECHO, I GOVIERNO DE LAS INDIAS OCCIDENTALES. [Madrid]: Francisco Martinez, 1639. [4],62 leaves plus engraved titlepage with elaborate allegorical border of King Philip IV, with Spain and America to his right and left, ruling the world. Folio. Contemporary limp vellum. Rear pastedown torn, rear free endpaper lacking. Occasional contemporary marginal annotations and underlining in text. Bottom corner of leaf 49 torn (no loss). Internally fresh and crisp. A near fine copy.

The rare epitome of the author’s Disputationeum de Indiarum Jure, extracted and translated from the two-volume work originally published in Madrid in 1629 and 1639.

Solórzano Pereira was a renowned Spanish administrator and jurist who studied law at Salamanca and was a judge in the Audiencia of Lima from 1610 until 1626. He returned to Spain and became Prosecutor for the Council of the Indies, the administrative unit responsible for Spain’s possessions in the New World. “A learned man,

familiar with the Classics, as well as Roman, Canon, and Castillian Law, Solórzano compiled and studied all the royal decrees and laws pertaining to the New World. The Disputationem…, written in elegant Latin prose, is an extraordinary erudite legal history of the Indies, divided into five books. Book I, which serves as a general introduction to the rest, is a political and military history of the discovery, acquisition, and retention of the Indies. Books II and III deal with the political and legal status of the Indians, including a thorough study of the encomienda system. Book IV is dedicated to all church institutions in the New World. Book V analyzes the political organization of the Indies, from local governments to the Viceroyalty and the Supreme Council of the Indies” – Delgado Gomez. The Traduccion provides concise summaries of each chapter of each book in the original work.

A near fine copy of the rare epitome of Solórzano’s important study of Spanish law in the New World. European Americana records only copies at Yale, Newberry, JCB (imperfect), and the Bibliothèque Nationale, compared to eleven copies for the 1629 and 1639 volumes of the Disputationem....

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 639/113. SABIN 86532. MEDINA (BHA) 1005. PALAU 318979. DELGADO-GOMEZ, SPANISH HISTORICAL WRITING ABOUT THE NEW WORLD 48 (Disputationem de Indiarum Jure). $4500.

The First Major History of the Greater Southwest 65. Perez de Ribas, Andres: HISTORIA DE LOS TRIUMPHOS DE

NUESTRA SANTA FEE ENTRE GENTES LAS MAS BARBARAS, Y FIERAS DEL NUEVO ORBE: CONSEGUIDOS POR LOS SOLDADOS DE LA MILICIA DE LA COMPANIA DE IESUS EN LAS MISSIONES DE LA PROVINCIA DE NUEVA-ESPANA. Madrid. 1645. [40],763,[1]pp. Folio. Contemporary limp vellum, manuscript title on spine. Neat repair in lower blank margin of titlepage, not affecting text.

A bit of scattered tanning and an occasional fox mark, but on the whole a near fine copy, in original condition. In a half morocco and cloth box.

A great rarity of the Spanish Southwest, and still the dominant history of the region and of Jesuit activities there for the period from 1590 to 1644. The Historia... provides an unparalleled description of the upper part of Mexico and what is now the southwest region of the United States in the first half of the 17th century. Andres Perez de Ribas (1576-1655) joined the Jesuit order in 1602 and arrived in Mexico in 1604 to proselytize among the native Indians. He was assigned to the area of northern Sinaloa, along the Pacific coast, and showed great ability from the start. Within a year he had baptized all the members of the Ahome nation, and a large part of the Suaqui tribe, together about 10,000 natives. In 1617 he was instrumental in the pacification and conversion of the Yaqui tribe. Perez de Ribas was recalled to Mexico City in 1620 to work in the college there, eventually becoming a provincial of the school. He returned to Rome in 1643, undertaking the present history (which he completed in 1644) and other histories still found only in manuscript.

Perez de Ribas’ Historia... is divided into twelve parts, cumulatively giving a history of Jesuit activities in Mexico and the American Southwest, as well as providing a social and cultural examination of Indian customs, manners, rites, and superstitions. The first part of the book gives a history of Sinaloa and its people before the arrival of the Spanish. Parts two to eleven describe the arrival of the Spanish and the Jesuits in upper Mexico and their activities among the several tribes, including the conversion of the Hiaqui tribe, the missions at Topia, San Andres, Parras, and Laguna Grande, as well as the conversion of the Tepeguanes and their subsequent rebellion. The final part discusses missionary activities in other parts of New Spain, including an account of the martyrdom of nine Jesuit missionaries in Florida in 1566. There is also some information on Baja California.

“Obra de extremo interes acerca de las actividades de los jesuitas en Sinaloa, California y Florida” – Palau. Of Perez de Ribas’ Historia..., Bancroft writes: “It is a

complete history of Jesuit work in Nueva Vizcaya, practically the only history the country had from 1590 to 1644, written not only by a contemporary author but by a prominent actor in the events narrated, who had access to all the voluminous correspondence of his order, comparatively few of which documents have been preserved. In short, Ribas wrote under the most favourable circumstances and made good use of his opportunities.”

The history of Perez de Ribas is exceedingly rare on the market. In thirty years of bookselling, this is the first copy we have handled, and no copy has appeared at auction in that time. Very important and desirable, and an exceptionally attractive copy.

WAGNER SPANISH SOUTHWEST 43. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 645/96. SABIN 60895, 70789. SERVIES 176. JCB (3)II:333. MEDINA (BHA) 1083. PALAU 222254.

STREIT 1745. BARRETT 1984. BELL P169. HOWGEGO R35.

SOLD

The Final Maryland Colonization Tract 66. [Maryland]: A MODERATE AND SAFE EXPEDIENT TO RE-

MOVE JEALOUSIES AND FEARES, OF ANY DANGER, OR PREJUDICE TO THIS STATE, BY THE ROMAN CATHOLICKS OF THIS KINGDOME, AND TO MITIGATE THE CENSURE OF TOO MUCH SEVERITY TOWARDS THEM. WITH GREAT ADVANTAGE OF HONOUR AND PROFIT TO THIS STATE AND NATION. [London]. 1646. 16pp. Small quarto. Modern half green morocco and marbled boards, spine gilt. Closely trimmed at the bottom edge, touching the date on the titlepage, costing the final line and catchword on pp.3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 (pp.6 and 7 also have the penultimate line cut into, but the line is legible), costing the catchword and final two lines of text on p.8, and touching the signature mark and catchword on p.9. Save for the loss of about fifty words of text on the bottom edge of these leaves, a very good copy. In a green morocco clamshell box, gilt.

The last of the Maryland colonization tracts, written to justify the colonization of the colony by Roman Catholics. The unknown author appeals to Parliament to either grant religious freedom to Catholics in England, or allow them to emigrate to Maryland. He contends that alleviating England of its Catholic population would promote unity at home, at the same time creating a colony of loyal subjects abroad. The text notes that “the planing of the said Roman Catholicks in Mariland (which hath a dependance on the Crown of England) will conduce much to the honour and profit of this State and Nation, by enlarging the Dominions thereof, by encrease of trade and shipping, by vent of our native commodities, by importation of others....” The second part of the text, entitled “Objections Answered Touching Mariland,” responds to five commonly held objections against the colonization of Maryland by Catholics. Included are the complaints that allowing them to colonize Maryland would weaken chances of their conversion to Protestantism; that it would imply a tolerance of “popery”; that it would cost the Royal coffers by transferring wealth to the American colonies; and that it may

prove dangerous to Virginia and New England, as the Catholic settlers in Maryland may invite Spanish incursions into the Middle Atlantic region.

Though anonymous, it is almost certain that this work was penned by someone in the Calvert family circle, the Catholic George Calvert, also called Lord Baltimore, having been granted a patent for colonizing Maryland in 1632. In 1646, Richard Ingle, an accused pirate and the head of the Protestant faction in Maryland, had taken over the government at St. Mary’s, and forced Gov. Leonard Calvert (the son of George Calvert) into exile. Cecil Calvert, the second Lord Baltimore and another son of George Calvert, likely had the present tract written to strengthen his case before Parliament, where a motion was pending for the repeal of his family’s charter to the colony.

An important and rare work on colonial Maryland, bringing together the religious and political issues involved in the colony’s early years. Baer locates four copies, to which should be added the Paul Mellon copy, left by him to the University of Virginia.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 646/96. BAER MARYLAND 27. SABIN 49802. WING M2322. JCB (2)II:344. OCLC 45421877. VAIL 106. $30,000.

With Remarkable Woodcuts of Churches 67. Ovalle, Alonso de: HISTORICA RELATIONE DEL REGNO DI

CILE, E DELLE MISSIONI, E MINISTERII CHE ESERCITA IN QUELLE LA COMPAGNIA DI GIESU. Rome: Francesco Cavalli, 1646. [8],378,[2],12,6pp. plus fourteen engraved plates and large folding engraved map. The final 18 pages consist entirely of woodcut illustrations. Quarto.

Later 19th-century morocco, spine gilt, a.e.g. Covers and spine slightly scratched, hinges rubbed. Titlepage soiled, repaired, and cracked near gutter.

Some scattered light browning throughout. A very good copy.

The first Italian edition, translated from the Spanish edition also printed in Rome in 1646. One of the most important early histories of Chile, written by a Jesuit who spent

much of his career there. Ovalle provides a description of the geography and natural history of the province of Chile, including Tierra del Fuego, and describes the native populations who inhabited the region. In particular, this work is a highly important source for the study of the Araucanian Indians, as it deals at length with their social structure, political organization, diet, and domestic life. Ovalle also discusses the early contact period between the Spanish and Indians, the ensuing conflicts, the Spanish settlement, the advent of Catholic missionaries, proselytization and conversion, the role of the Society of Jesus, miracles and apparitions of the Virgin, and numerous other topics.

Complementing Ovalle’s history is a wealth of visual images. In the text are fourteen engravings showing Indian customs, Catholic religious imagery, and a map of the city of Santiago. The woodcuts illustrate Jesuit establishments throughout Chile, a map of the Chiloe archipelago, and unusual bird’s-eye woodcut views of harbors along the coast. The engraved map, “Tabula Geographica Regni Chile,” is of the entire region discussed in the book. The importance of the text, combined with the illustrations, make this volume one of great appeal and historical interest.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 646/113. JCB (3)II:346. SABIN 57971. DeBACKERSOMMERVOGEL VI:60. PALAU 207399. $9000.

By an Author of the Bay Psalm Book 68. Cotton, John: SINGING OF PSALMES A GOSPEL-ORDINANCE.

OR A TREATISE, WHEREIN ARE HANDLED THESE FOURE PARTICULARS. I. TOUCHING THE DUTY ITSELFE. 2.

TOUCHING THE MATTER TO BE SUNG. 3. TOUCHING THE SINGERS. 4. TOUCHING THE MANNER OF SINGING. London: Printed by M.S. for Hannah Allen...and John Rothwell..., 1647. [2],72pp. Small quarto. Antique-style calf, blindstamped, leather label. Very clean internally.

Near fine.

Cotton’s meticulous elaboration of the scriptural basis for singing, in which he repeatedly affirms vocal music as God’s divine design. His thoughts run to such topics as “whether women may sing as well as men,” to which he gives a tenuous “yes,” and “whether carnal men may sing, as well as godly Christians.” An important work, closely related to Cotton’s role in the translating and composition of the Bay Psalm Book.

ESTC R201424. WING (CD-ROM) C6456. SABIN 17081. $2500.

The Signet Library Copy 69. Gage, Thomas: THE ENGLISH-AMERICAN HIS TRAVAIL BY

SEA AND LAND: OR, A NEW SURVEY OF THE WEST-INDIAS [sic], CONTAINING A JOURNALL OF THREE THOUSAND AND THREE HUNDRED MILES WITHIN THE MAIN LAND OF AMERICA.... London. 1648. [10],220,[12]pp. Small folio. 18th-century

speckled calf, gilt stamp on front board, expertly rebacked in antique matching calf, boards re-gilt, leather label, spine gilt. Binding a bit worn at corners and edges. Faint stain on leaves B2 and B3. A few contemporary notes in text, some later pencil notes in margins. Very good.

The Signet Library copy, with their gilt stamp on the front board. One of the most celebrated travel books of its day. Gage was an Englishman raised in Spain. He entered the Dominican Order and set out for the New World, traveling by way of the Philippines and across the Pacific. He spent most of the next twelve years in Central America, the West Indies, Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, and Panama. When he finally returned to England and converted to the Church of England, he wrote this book to urge British seizure of the Spanish empire in America. Since the Spanish had jealously guarded foreign access to their dominions, this was the first detailed description to reach Europe of the regions visited by Gage, and it was widely reprinted and translated.

HILL 665. PALAU 96480. STREETER SALE 193. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 648/68.

JCB (3)II:369. SABIN 26298. WING G109. $6000.

ITEM 68.

Virginia and Carolina Promoted in 1650 70. Williams, Edward: VIRGO TRIUMPHANS: OR, VIRGINIA IN

GENERALL, BUT THE SOUTH PART THEREOF IN PARTICULAR: INCLUDING THE FERTILE CAROLANA, AND THE NO LESS EXCELLENT ISLAND OF ROANOAK, RICHLY AND EXPERIMENTALLY VALUED. London: Printed by Thomas Harper for John Stephenson, 1650. [14],47pp. Small quarto. Antique calf bound to contemporary style, gilt spine and gilt ornaments on boards. A few minor paper repairs; text trimmed a bit close, costing the top line of text on the recto of leaf B4. Very good.

The very rare first edition, first issue of this important promotional work for Virginia and the Carolinas. Williams describes in the first part the benefits that will flow to England from the development of the colonies, and devotes the second part, and main body of the text, to a description of the area now encompassed by the Carolinas and

Virginia. Williams was a strong proponent of a silk industry in Virginia, and a long section of the text compares the colony favorably with China, carefully describing the ways in which Virginia would match China’s bounty of natural goods and materials.

Although the work bears Williams’ name, he states in the preface that “the whole substance of it...was communicated to me by a gentleman of merit and quality...Mr. John Farrer of Geding in Huntingdonshire.”

This is one of two issues of this title published in 1650, and by far the rarer of the two. ESTC presumes this to be the first issue, lacking errata on the verso of leaf c4 (i.e. c2) and with the text ending on page 47. The second issue contains an additional eight-page index, though it apparently did not accompany this first issue. This first issue is not listed at all in European Americana, Vail, Clark, Sabin, Howes, or the Church catalogue. OCLC lists five copies of this first issue, but two of those are microfilms. ESTC adds another four, for a total of only seven copies. Howes rates the book a “dd,” his ranking for the greatest rarities. A rare and important early work on Virginia and Roanoke.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 650/231. VAIL 120. CLARK I:178. CHURCH 509. SABIN 104193. HOWES W450, “dd.” ESTC R23293. WING W2660. OCLC 228725216, 165774799, 8917989. $50,000.

The British Seize Jamaica 71. [Jamaica]: A BRIEF AND PERFECT JOURNAL OF THE LATE

PROCEEDINGS AND SUCCESS OF THE ENGLISH ARMY IN THE WEST-INDIES, CONTINUED UNTIL JUNE THE 24th 1655 TOGETHER WITH SOME QUERES INSERTED AND ANSWERED. London. 1655. 27pp. Small quarto. 19th-century cloth and marbled boards. Worn and rubbed. Titlepage stained, with some loss to upper outer margin, affecting four characters of text. Foxing throughout, moderate tanning, contemporary ink notations on verso of final leaf. Else a very good copy.

An important 17th-century pamphlet detailing the expedition commanded by Admiral Penn, father of William Penn, and General Venables, under Cromwell’s orders to seize the Spanish West-India islands. The present pamphlet, penned anonymously, outlines the events of Britain’s unsuccessful naval attacks on Hispaniola and questions the motivations of the expedition. The author, citing several reasons for failure, specifically mentions the severe heat and the ill-preparation of the soldiers with Spanish lances: “The Spaniards also (by often use and practice) become more expert in the use of these weapons.” After the shameful defeat of Cromwell’s 10,000 strong army at Hispaniola on April 25, 1655, the British fleet turned their attention to Jamaica, with Penn commanding the Swiftsure, and landed on the 10th of May. The author notes the paucity of Spanish defenders upon their arrival: “onely three or four small and slight Brest-workes, with some few Guns, and seeing so numerous an Army in readiness to Land, made not many shot, but fled in hast to the town of Oristano....” By the 17th, the entire island surrendered, and only one month later, Penn returned to England with

the principal part of the fleet. The author also includes a brief description of their newly seized island, comparing it to Hispaniola, “it is no lesse fruitfull, and altogether as plentifull in Fish, Fowle, and Cattell of all forts....” Owing to its sugar crop, Jamamica would become one of the most profitable and valuable English spoils and a central point for the development of the slave trade.

European Americana lists two issues: one with “successe of the English army” in the title and thirty-nine lines of text on page 6; the other is listed with “success of the English army” and forty lines on page 6. The present copy is a further unnoted variant, having “success” on the titlepage but with thirty-nine lines of text on page 6. A fascinating account of the British loss at Hispaniola and their subsequent victory in Jamaica.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 655/27. SABIN 7854, 74616. EBERSTADT 131:708. DNB XV, p.754. $2250.

With Significant Maps 72. Heylyn, Peter: COSMOGRAPHIE IN FOUR BOOKS. CONTAIN-

ING THE CHOROGRAPHIE AND HISTORIE OF THE WHOLE WORLD, AND ALL THE PRINCIPAL KINGDOMS, PROVINCES, SEAS, AND THE ISLES THEREOF. London: Printed and sold for Henry Seile..., 1657. [12],739,[4]pp., pp.740,761-891,898-934,921-958, 961-1098,[2],[1087]-1095,[19]pp. plus added engraved titlepage with variant imprint (see abstract) and four folding maps. Folio. Modern paneled calf stamped in blind, leather label. Maps generally very good except for small tears at folds. Small old library stamp on titlepage. Overall very good.

The second edition of this politically charged geography and world history. Heylyn, an Anglican clergyman and geographer, was forced into exile after the English Civil War, but was reinstated to his position in the Church after the Restoration. He had spent the intervening years writing tracts against the Puritans and enlarging his Geography (1621) into the Cosmographie..., which was first published in 1652. This particular work contains “a good description of Virginia and the Chesapeake Bay region in the chapter ‘Of Virginia,’ which covers New England, New Netherlands, Virginia and Bermuda” (Baer). The work also contains a very nice map of America by Walton.

This copy presents an interesting variant to the standard second edition of 1657.

The added engraved titlepage bears not only a different printer, but a different date, reading: “London: Printed for Philip Chetwind in Aldersgate Street over against New Street. 1660.” In addition to this variation, the appendix, which usually bears the imprint date of 1656, is dated 1662 in this copy. There are also several additional differences in the pagination of this copy as compared to the standard 1657 second edition. Baer notes that “issues, or editions of this work are not clearly defined and scarcely any two copies agree as to engraved and printed title-pages, title-pages to the separate parts, maps, etc.” Neither Wing nor the ESTC lists a 1660 or 1662 edition of this work. Wing notes that there are variations in the engraved titlepage, but does

not mention a change of date or imprint within those variations. European Americana does list a 1660 edition, but says nothing about it being the second edition, nor does it indicate any connection to the 1657 date on the letterpress titlepage. Only one copy found on OCLC matches the variants described here. An intriguing variant, with the four maps intact.

OCLC 182723473. ESTC R10663 (ref). WING H1690 (ref). EUROPEAN AMERICANA 660/89, 657/73 (ref). BAER MARYLAND 48. $4250.

Key English Work on the Amazon 73. Pagan, Count Blaise François de: Hamilton, William, trans: AN HIS-

TORICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE GREAT COUNTRY & RIVER OF THE AMAZONES IN AMERICA. DRAWN OUT OF DIVERS AUTHORS, AND REDUCED INTO A BETTER FORME; WITH A MAPP OF THE RIVER, AND OF ITS PROVINCES, BEING THAT PLACE WHICH SR. WALTER RAWLEIGH INTENDED TO CONQUER AND PLANT, WHEN HE MADE HIS VOYAGE TO GUIANA. London: John Starkey, 1661. [xxx],153,[1],[6]pp. plus folding map. 12mo. Attractive unrestored contemporary mottled calf. Slightly worn at extremities. Very good.

First English edition. In the dedication of the original French edition Pagan calls on Cardinal Mazarin to “take possession of the Amazon and establish several colonies.

He proves that it would not be a difficult enterprise, and large armies and many pieces of artillery would not be necessary. The map drawn by Pagan is of great importance as a proof of the French ambitions in the Amazon regions...” (Borba de Moraes).

However, in the English edition at hand, translator William Hamilton urges the King of England to take the same action in his “Epistle Dedicatory.” It is accompanied by the same map as found in the first edition. “This translation is rare...” – Borba de Moraes.

BORBA DE MORAES, p.646. $10,000.

Important Early Map of the East Coast of North America 74. Goos, Pieter: PAS CAERTE VAN NIEU NEDERLANDT EN DE

ENGELSCHE VIRGINIES VAN CABO COD TOT CABO CANRICK. Amsterdam. 1666. Copper engraving with period outline color.

Sheet size: 17 3/4 x 22 1/8 inches. Very good.

One of the finest and most beautiful 17th-century charts of the Northeast of America, from De Zee Atlas Ofter Water-Weereld.

The 17th century was the Golden Age of Dutch mapmaking. As the world’s greatest trading nation, marine cartography was a particular specialty, and no one produced

more lavish sea charts than Pieter Goos. Finely drawn and engraved, printed on top quality paper, and beautifully colored, they were intended more for the merchant collector than the practical mariner. Goos’ Zee-Atlas was the companion marine atlas of choice for Joan Blaeu’s famous terrestrial atlas, the Atlas Maior.

This is the general chart of New Netherland from the Zee-Atlas. It covers the Atlantic coast of America from Cape Cod to Cape Hatteras. The emphasis is on the Dutch colony of New Netherland. New Amsterdam (the future New York) is shown at the tip of Manhattan Island. Many other place names of Dutch origin appear, including “Staten Eylandt,” “Lange Eylandt,” and “Vlysingen” (Flushing). Along the Delaware River a number of Dutch settlements are shown, including Fort Casimir, Nassau, and Elsenburgh, as well as the Swedish Fort Christina. The Schuylkill River, site of the future metropolis of Philadelphia, is also located. In New England, Martha’s Vineyard and Nantucket are shown with their present names, and several early English settlements, such as “New Plymouth,” are located. The delineation of the Chesapeake Bay is also quite good, with Jamestown located. The Potomac River is shown as the “Patwomeck.”

BURDEN, THE MAPPING OF NORTH AMERICA, plate 387. HUMPHREYS, OLD DECORATIVE MAPS AND CHARTS, plate 63. DEÁK, PICTURING AMERICA 48.

$22,500.

First English Edition of Rochefort’s History 75. Rochefort, Charles de: THE HISTORY OF THE CARIBBY-IS-

LANDS, viz. BARBADOS, ST. CHRISTOPHERS, ST. VINCENTS, MARTINICO, DOMINICO, BARBOUTHOS, MONSERRAT, MEVIS [sic], ANTEGO, &c. IN ALL XXVIII...Rendred [sic] into English by John Davies of Kidwelly. London: Printed by J.M. for Thomas Dring and John Starkey..., 1666. [6],351,[16]pp. plus nine engraved plates. Tall quarto. Half antique calf and marbled boards, leather label. Moderate tanning.

Very good.

This is the first issue of the first English edition of this important book, with a different title from that of the second issue. This work about the islands of the Caribbean, with interesting information on Florida, Georgia, and the Eskimos, was originally published in French in 1658, its main purpose being the encouragement of Huguenot emigration to America. Its greatest contribution was the impressive marshalling of contemporary information on the Caribbean islands, especially the French and British colonies developing as sugar plantations; however, Rochefort also includes a long account of an “Apalacite” kingdom of Indians said to exist in Florida and present-day Georgia, fanciful in its overall picture, but with some basis in fact. Besides this excursion, there is a brief account of Greenland Eskimos, and one of the plates provides perhaps the best contemporary graphic image of both Eskimos and their garb. It is the Caribbean section, however, which is most significant, and therein are found detailed descriptions of both the European settlement of the islands and their natural history, in perhaps the most useful single source of the century.

See Everett Wilkie’s in-depth article on this book, which supplies a wealth of detailed discussion of the book, its author and text.

Wilkie, “The authorship and purpose of the Histoire Naturelle et Moral de Iles Antilles, an early Huguenot emigration guide” in Harvard Library Bulletin, New Series Vol. 2, No. 3, Fall 1991, pp.26-84, 1666.2. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 666/136. ARENTS 297. CLARK I:142. JCB (3)III:147. SABIN 72322. WING R1740. PILLING, PROOF-SHEETS 3346. WING R1740. $5000.

DNB VII, pp.355-56.

Spain Acknowledges England’s Right to New World Colonies 76. [Treaty of Madrid and Treaties of Breda]: TRACTATUS PACIS &

AMICITIAE INTER CORONAS MAGNAE BRITANNIAE ET HISPANIAE.... London. 1667. 56pp. Small quarto. Modern three-quarter calf and marbled boards, leather label. Text a bit dusty. Very good.

The important Treaty of Madrid was made between a strong England and a badly weakened Spain, and was wholly favorable to the British. It was of major New World and American importance, since by it Spain recognized for the first time the right of Great Britain to have colonies in America and to trade with the New World. It also opened Spain to British shipping and to direct British imports from the East Indies,

furthering her commercial might. Not in European Americana. OCLC lists only microfilm reproductions from an original in the Bodleian Library. Wing adds copies at the British Museum and Huntington Library. Very rare.

This Latin language edition of the Treaty of Madrid constitutes the first thirty-four pages of this continuously paginated volume. The rest of the text is made up of Latin language printings of the treaties signed at Breda between Britain and France (with a separate titlepage and bearing a “Savoy, 1667” imprint) and between Charles II of Britain and Frederick III of Denmark and Norway (also with a separate titlepage and a “London, 1667” imprint). In the treaty with the French, Great Britain agreed to surrender recently taken French territory in Canada known as “Acadia” (which included Nova Scotia), and the French returned several islands in the West Indies, including Antigua, Montserrat, and part of St. Christopher (also known as “St. Kitts”), to British control. The French, an ally of the Netherlands, had seized the islands during the second Anglo-Dutch War. The second Treaty of Breda included here settles differences between the kingdom of Denmark and Norway, which was an ally of the Dutch, and Great Britain.

The Treaty of Breda is most important for marking the point at which the AngloFrench rivalry in the Americas, centered around economic issues in the West Indies and Acadia, intensified. A rare grouping of important treaties, with great impact on British and French possessions in the Americas.

Treaty of Madrid: DAVENPORT 55. WING C3616. Treaties of Breda: EUROPEAN AMERICANA 667/62, 667/65. DAVENPORT 58, 57. SABIN 96525 (note). $3500.

The Greatest Early Work on the French in the Antilles 77. Dutertre, Jean Baptiste: HISTOIRE GENERALE DES ANTILLES HABITEES PAR LES FRANCOIS. Paris: Chez Thomas Jolly, 1667-1671.

Four volumes bound in three. [20],593,[3]; [16],539; [16],317,[8]; [6],362, [13]pp. plus eighteen plates (many folding) and five folding maps. Extra engraved titlepage in first and second volumes. Plate of arms in first, third, and fourth volumes. Contemporary calf, leather labels, spines gilt extra. Minor rubbing, some light edge wear. Final text leaf in first volume torn but no loss. Overall a fine, particularly fresh set in the original bindings.

The best edition, after the original abridged edition of 1654. This extensive work is full of detailed descriptions of life in the French Antilles, including natural history, slaves, plantation activities, and the like. The fine engraved plates depict sugar plantation work, slaves manufacturing indigo, animals, spiders, land and naval battles between the French and British in the Caribbean, etc. The maps are of St. Christopher, Guadeloupe, St. Croix, Marigalande, and Martinique. “This voluminous account of the French settlements in the West Indies contains numerous passages which indicate the importance of tobacco in the political economy of the islands” – Arents.

According to Rich, Dutertre was forced to publish the original 1654 edition before the work was complete: “The first edition of Father Du Tertre’s History of the Antilles, or

rather the project of that work, which the Rev. Father was obliged to put to press in haste, because he understood that some other person was about printing it under some other name, thereby depriving him of the credit of it.�

SABIN 21458. JCB (3)III:154-155. ARENTS 299. HANDLER 7. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 667/37. RICH 299. $24,000.

The Surrender of New Amsterdam to the British 78. [New Netherland]: DESCRIPTION EXACTE DE TOUT CE QUI

S’EST PASSÉ DANS LES GUERRES ENTRE LE ROY D’ANGLETERRE, LE ROY DE FRANCE, LES ESTATS DES PROVINCES UNIES DU PAYS-BAS, & L’EVESQUE DE MUNSTER.... Amsterdam: Jacques Benjamin, 1668. 241,[2]pp. Numerous in-text engravings. Small quarto. Later half vellum and marbled boards. Scattered dampstaining, else very good.

The most complete and detailed contemporary account of the Anglo-Dutch war from 1664 to 1667, when the Treaty of Breda brought it to an end. This work was first published in Dutch in 1667, although this first French edition of the following year probably made the information much more generally available. It is of particular American interest for the description of the loss of New Netherland, giving an account of the capture of New York and the surrender of Netherland, of which this and the preceding Dutch version are the first published accounts. It also prints a list of vessels and goods captured by the British in America, and accounts of De Ruyter’s voyage to the West Indies, affairs in Barbados, the war in Europe, and the capture of Surinam by the Dutch.

HOWES K253. CHURCH 599 (ref). BELL D168. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 668/43.

JCB (3)III:166. ASHER 354 (ref). $2500.

North America by a Great French Cartographer 79. Sanson, Nicholas and Guillaume: AMERIQUE SEPTENTRIONALE. Paris: Chez Pierre Mariette, 1669. Copper-engraved map. Sheet size: 16 5/8 x 23 1/3 inches. In very good condition.

The most important French map of North America of its generation, produced by the country’s most esteemed family of cartographers.

This very influential map was the official successor to Nicolas Sanson’s 1650 map of North America. When Nicolas Sanson, regarded as the father of the renaissance of cartography under Louis XIV, died in July 1667, he left his flourishing business under the charge of his eldest son, Guillaume. The younger Sanson continued his father’s partnership with the Mariette family, who were prominent Parisian printers.

Guillaume was determined to publish a new, updated edition of his father’s Cartes Generales de Toutes Parties du Monde, the first French general atlas, originally published in 1657. The map of North America that appeared in the atlas, although masterful, was now considered to be geographically outdated.

The present map, which appeared in the second edition of the atlas, featured updated taxonomy, and is geographically based on Nicolas Sanson’s wall map of 1666 (of which only two copies survive). While California is shown to be an island, in line with popular perception, unlike the map from 1650, it no longer attempts to build a

geographical mythology in the place of the Pacific Northwest, which was then totally unknown. Appropriately, the magnificent baroque title cartouche, which features swags and ribbons held aloft by putti, has been placed to fill this enigmatic space. The map proved to be highly successful, and was used as a source on numerous occasions by future mapmakers.

BURDEN, MAPPING OF NORTH AMERICA 404. McCORKLE 669.4 (1st state).

McLAUGHLIN, CALIFORNIA AS AN ISLAND 45. WAGNER NORTHWEST COAST 399. $6500.

Give Me Puerto Rico Instead 80. [Columbus, Christopher]: [Colon de Portugal, Don Pedro Nuﾃｱo]:

SEﾃ前RA. DON PEDRO COLON DE PORTUGAL Y CASTRO... [caption title]. [Madrid. 1671]. 16 leaves. Folio. Dbd. Upper outer corners numbered in contemporary manuscript. Minute toning at foredge, primarily on first leaf. Overall very good. In a half morocco and cloth box.

The petition of Don Pedro Nuﾃｱo Colon de Portugal, descendant of the explorer, Christopher Columbus, and sixth Duke of Veragua and Marquis of Jamaica, requesting that Mariana of Austria, Queen Regent of Charles II of Spain, make some compensation for the loss of income the Duke had suffered since the British took Jamaica

in 1655. Jamaica had been the exclusive fief of the descendants of Columbus since 1536 when it was given as a reward to the family. This document is dated 1671 by the text at the top of the second leaf, where the Duke refers to Spain’s cession of Jamaica to Great Britain “last year in 1670.” Despite this date, some scholars assert a date of 1672. Since most of the text is devoted to the life of Columbus, the document is, by default, also one of the few early biographies of the explorer.

In his argument the Duke puts special emphasis on the tremendous gain Spain received by virtue of his ancestor’s discovery. In citing various sources he estimates that within the first 170 years after its discovery, the New World had produced for Spain some one billion, 190 million pesos. Despite these figures, the present heir to Columbus’ titles and estates was reduced to an income of sixteen thousand ducats.

The Duke mentions no specific amount of compensation that he would like for Jamaica, but points out that Puerto Rico is of approximately the same worth. The last four pages are a glowing description of Jamaica, its towns, people, products, etc., ending with an itemized accounting of just how much rent the island had produced annually for the Duke before the British occupation (40,950 pesos silver). Two years after this petition was printed, the Duke was made the 26th viceroy of New Spain – a fair reward for the loss of Jamaica. His term, however, was short. He reigned only six days before dying in Mexico City.

“This is the final petition sent to the throne of Spain, and contains a long account of the various descendants of Columbus and their claims on Spain, an account of Jamaica, and a list of the various dues received from Jamaica” – Maggs. The previously mentioned biographical content of the present document is important. It is possibly an assimilation of the sixteen-page folio manuscript of the life of Columbus written by Juan de Solorzano Pereira, the famous Spanish jurist and fiscal of the Council of the Indies in 1628, responsible for the great work on colonial American law, the Politica Indiana, published in 1629. In that manuscript Solorzano states that it was composed at the request of the Duke’s branch of the Columbus family, forty-two years before the present document was printed. The Solorzano manuscript is described in the LeClerc catalogue of 1878 (item 137), along with other documents relating to the Duke’s branch of the family.

One of the earliest Columbus biographies, married to an eloquent plea by his impoverished heirs. Extremely rare. Palau locates only one copy of the original, at the Real Academia de la Historia. European Americana locates two more (Huntington and British Library). Not on OCLC. The petition was reprinted by the Mill Press in San Francisco in 1992.

PALAU 57250. BIBLIOGRAPHIA COLOMBINA, p.190. Enc. Univ. Ill., Vol. 14, p.248 (Colon de Portugal); Vol. 57, p.198 (Solorzano Pereira). LeCLERC 137 (ref). EUROPEAN AMERICANA 671/85. MEDINA (BHA) 8141. MAGGS BIBLIOTHECA AMERICANA 429:322. $6500.

A Wealth of New World Views 81. Ogilby, John [trans. & pub.]: [Montanus, Arnoldus]: AMERICA: BE-

ING THE LATEST, AND MOST ACCURATE DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW WORLD...COLLECTED FROM MOST AUTHENTICK AUTHORS, AUGMENTED WITH LATER OBSERVATIONS AND ADORN’D WITH MAPS AND SCULPTURES, BY JOHN OGILBY. London: Printed by the Author, 1671. Engraved frontispiece, thirty-seven plates (six portraits, thirty-one views and plans [two of these folding, twenty-nine double-page]), nineteen maps (two folding, seventeen double-page), sixty-six engraved illustrations. Title printed in red and black. Folio. Contemporary calf, covers tooled in blind with a central panel enclosing a lozenge with foliate corner pieces, expertly rebacked preserving original red morocco lettering piece and “FFF” ownership stamp at foot. Very good. Provenance: Francis Ferrand Foljambe (1749-1814, binding).

First issue of Ogilby’s first edition of this important work. Complete with the “Arx Carolina” view and the “Virginia pars Australis & Florida” map, and the engraving on page 200. The work is an English translation of Arnold Montanus’ De Nieuwe en Onbekende Weereld, but with a number of additions concerning New England, New France, Maryland, and Virginia. The work is divided into three books or sections and an appendix: the first gives an overall survey of the most important voyages and expeditions to the Americas; the second book offers a description of Mexico, the Caribbean Islands, Bermuda, and North America; the third deals with South America, and the appendix includes a miscellany of information including notes on the “Unknown South-Land,” the “Arctick Region,” and the search for a northwest passage.

ARENTS 315A. BAER MARYLAND 70A-C (ref). BORBA DE MORAES, p.626 (ref).

CHURCH 613. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 671/204-207 (ref). JCB III:227-228. SABIN 50089. STOKES VI, p.262 (ref). K.S. van Eerde, John Ogilby and the Taste of His Times, p.107.

WING O-165. $57,500.

Penn’s Second Book 82. Penn, William: TRUTH EXALTED; IN A SHORT, BUT SURE,

TESTIMONY AGAINST ALL THOSE RELIGIONS, FAITHS, AND WORSHIPS THAT HAVE BEEN FORMED AND FOLLOWED IN THE DARKNESS OF APOSTACY. – AND FOR THAT GLORIOUS LIGHT WHICH IS NOW RISEN, AND SHINES FORTH IN THE LIFE AND DOCTRINE OF THE DESPISED QUAKERS, AS THE ALONE GOOD OLD WAY OF LIFE AND SALVATION. PRESENTED TO PRINCES, PRIESTS, AND PEOPLE, THAT THEY MAY REPENT, BELIEVE, AND OBEY. London. 1671. 20pp. Small quarto. Modern red calf. Evenly tanned, a few leaves soiled around edges. Withal, very good.

Rare third edition of William Penn’s second published work, a spirited espousal of his religious beliefs above and beyond any other faiths. He discusses the condition of humanity since the fall from the Garden of Eden, criticizes Catholics for their rituals and beliefs, and attacks Protestants for their intolerance. “The passion of a new convert is clearly evident in this short pamphlet in which [William Penn] denounced the wickedness and errors of Catholics and Protestants alike and declared that Quakers alone hold the key to ‘Life and Salvation.’ Not yet caught up in the pamphlet war that Friends waged against their enemies, [Penn] apparently issued this blast against all other Christians out of sheer exuberance during his first months as a Quaker” – Bronner & Fraser.

Apparently no copies of this edition are on OCLC, nor is it listed in Smith or Whiting’s bibliographies of Friends’ books. Bronner & Fraser locate only two copies.

A rare early work by the future founder of Pennsylvania, showing the intolerance of a new convert to the Society of Friends.

BRONNER & FRASER, PENN BIBLIOGRAPHY 2C. WING P1390 (recorded as a variant). $3500.

Duties On Goods From the French West Indies 83. [French Colonies in America]: [West Indies]: ARREST DU

CONSEIL D’ESTAT: QUI DECHARGE DE TOUS DROITS LES MARCHANDISES QUI SERONT CHARGEES EN FRANCE, POUR ESTRA PORTEES DANS LES ISLES DE L’AMERIQUE. DU 4 JUIN 1671. Paris. 1671 [but misdated 1571]. 4pp. on a folded folio sheet. Quarto. Lightly tanned. Horizontal crease in center of sheet; contemporary inscription. Near fine.

A French royal decree, regulating duties on French goods bound for the French colonies in the West Indies. Wroth records only one copy, held in a private library, and OCLC can add only one copy at the University of Oxford. Rare.

From the library of Cardinal Etienne Charles de Lomenie de Brienne (1727-94), Minister of Louis XVI, Archibishop of Toulouse and of Sens. A friend of Voltaire and a member of the Académie Française, Brienne wielded significant power as head of the Finance Ministry, which earned him many enemies. He died in prison during the French Revolution, despite having renounced Catholicism in 1793 (presumably as an attempt to save his life).

WROTH, ACTS OF FRENCH ROYAL ADMINISTRATION 121. MAGGS, FRENCH COLONISATION OF AMERICA 19 (this copy). OCLC 57199202. $1500.

Taxing the Wealth of the Sugar Plantations 84. [French Colonies in America]: [Sugar]: ARREST DU CONSEIL

D’ESTAT: QUI ORDONNE QUE DANS LE COURANT DE L’ANNEE PROCHAINE 1673. LE RECOUVREMENT DE TROIS

MILLIONS DE SUCRE SERA FAIT, A LA POURSUITE & DILIGENCE DE ME. BERTRAND PALLU SIEUR DU RUAU, AGENT GENERAL DE LA COMPAGNIE DES INDIES OCCIDENTALES, SUR LES HABITANS DESDITES ISLES QUI SONT DEBITEURS A LADITE COMPAGNIE. Paris. 1672. 4pp. on a folded folio sheet. Quarto. Light tanning at edges. Contemporary inscription.

Near fine.

A French royal decree regarding the collection of duties on sugar from the inhabitants of the French colonies in the West Indies, as a means to pay debt owed the West India Company. Wroth records only one copy, held in a private library; no copies on OCLC. Rare.

From the library of Cardinal Etienne Charles de Lomenie de Brienne (17271794), Minister of Louis XVI, Archbishop of Toulouse and of Sens. A friend of Voltaire and a member of the Académie Française, Brienne wielded significant power as head of the Finance Ministry, which earned him many enemies. He died in prison during the French Revolution, despite having renounced Catholicism in 1793 (presumably as an attempt to save his life).

WROTH, ACTS OF FRENCH ROYAL ADMINISTRATION 143. MAGGS, FRENCH COLONISATION OF AMERICA 29 (this copy). $2000.

The Earliest Work on New England Natural History 85. Josselyn, John: NEW-ENGLANDS RARITIES DISCOVERED: IN

BIRDS, BEASTS, FISHES, SERPENTS, AND PLANTS OF THAT COUNTRY.... London. 1672. [4],114,[3]pp. Eleven in-text woodcuts, some full-page. Lacks the folding plate woodcut of “Hollow leav’d Lavender.” 16mo.

Dbd., contemporary speckled calf boards, hinges almost imperceptibly repaired.

Occasional light tanning, but generally quite clean. A near fine copy. In a half morocco and cloth box.

One of the first extensive descriptions of the natural history of New England, containing the first woodcuts of native plants of the area to appear. Josselyn came to New England in 1638, for a year, visiting again from 1663 to 1671. After his second return he published this account of the animals and plants of the country, as well as herbal remedies. The work is divided into six parts: birds, beasts, fish, serpents and insects, plants (the longest section), and minerals. Included are descriptions of the black bear, beaver, the rattlesnake, the sperm whale, the turkey, and much more. The section on plants discusses scores of specimens and relates their curative powers.

The final four pages of the regular text contain a description of an Indian squaw, as well as a poem about her. The final fourteen pages, often lacking, are “A Chronological table of the most remarkable passages, in that part of America, known to us by the name New-England.” This traces the history of New England from the voyages of Cabot, but is mostly devoted to New England from the founding of Plymouth. The

folding plate of the lavender plant is often lacking, and is not present here. A foundation work of early American natural history.

CHURCH 618. JCB (3)III:241. MEISEL III:333. SABIN 36674. PEQUOT 389. WING J1093. VAIL 160. HOWES J255, “b.” EUROPEAN AMERICANA 672/156. CLEVELAND BOTANICAL COLLECTIONS 247. $17,500.

New England’s First Principles 86. Mather, Increase: THE FIRST PRINCIPLES OF NEW-ENGLAND,

CONCERNING THE SUBJECT OF BAPTISME & COMMUNION OF CHURCHES. Cambridge: Samuel Green, 1675. [8],40,8pp. Small quarto. Early 20th-century three-quarter morocco over linen boards. Titlepage soiled, lacking portion of top and foredge, affecting typographic border and first and third words of title, which are supplied in facsimile. Contemporary manuscript annotations on titlepage, one partially trimmed. A few leaves browned,

occasional minor stains. A good copy, with the bookplate of Michael Zinman on the front pastedown.

In this tract Mather has gathered together the views of “the chief fathers in the NewEngland Churches” (Cotton, Hooker, Richard Mather, Norton, Shepard, and others) on the controversial subjects of baptism and church membership. The intent of the book is to enforce the doctrines set forth by Richard Mather and others in the HalfWay Covenant of 1662, liberalizing the requirements for baptism. At the time, Increase Mather had strongly opposed the reforms suggested by his father. Thirteen years later his views had changed, influenced not a little by his father’s deathbed appeal to alter his thinking. Holmes tells us that the arguments assembled here on baptism and church membership “may fairly be regarded as a key to early New-England thought on those questions.”

EVANS 208. HOLMES 54. SABIN 46683. $20,000.

ITEM 86.

Boston Clergy Tries to Get Out the Vote in 1676 87. Hubbard, William: THE HAPPINESS OF A PEOPLE IN THE

WISDOME OF THEIR RULERS DIRECTING AND IN THE OBEDIENCE OF THEIR BRETHREN ATTENDING UNTO WHAT ISRAEL OUGHT TO DO: RECOMMENDED IN A SERMON.... Boston: Printed by John Foster, 1676. [8],63pp. Small quarto. 19thcentury speckled calf, ruled in gilt, spine gilt, gilt morocco label, gilt inner dentelles. Two small closed tears in foredge of titlepage, with no loss. Scattered foxing. Very good.

A rare and early American election day sermon, published in the second year of printing in Boston. In this sermon, delivered on May 3, 1676 and dedicated to John Leveret, governor of the colony of Massachusetts, William Hubbard, the minister of Ipswich, urges those eligible to vote to exercise their rights and cast ballots for their rulers. Hubbard supports his exhortation with biblical and historical precedents. He says that “you are now called to the exercise of your civil liberty (wherein much of your other libertys are bound up),” and urges “the regular, conscientious proceeding in this business of Election,” by which the people “have the liberty to choose their own rulers.”

With much of New England being engaged in wars with the local Pequot Indians, Hubbard spends quite a bit of time offering council on the proper way to prepare for and undertake conflict: “war ought not to be made without good advice.” The literary critic Sacvan Bercovitch calls it a “brilliant election-day oration,” emphasizing Hubbard’s belief that the Puritan faith will turn “the rough and barren wilderness” of New England into a “fragrant Sharon.” The sermon was delivered before the governor, council, and deputies of the Massachusetts colony. Hubbard is best remembered for his history of King Philip’s War, published in 1677.

EVANS 214. NAIP w012661. SABIN 33444. Bercovitch, The Puritan Origins of the American $15,000.

Self, p.155.

An Important Early Bermuda Tract 88. Trott, Perient: A TRUE RELATION OF THE JUST AND UNJUST PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOMER ISLANDS COMPANY. [London: Privately printed], 1676. With the arms of the City of London on the title.

Quarto. A fine, large copy, in the original paneled calf gilt, a.e.g. A trifle worn.

Very good.

Extremely rare. Perient Trott, an enterprising London merchant and a deputy of the Somers Islands Company since 1666, acted as a distributor for the Bermudan tobacco crop. In 1658 he bought twenty shares of land in the Bermudas for £600 from Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick, one of the original members of the company for the plantation of the Somers Islands, but was not left long in peaceful possession, for in 1667 Charles, 4th Earl of Warwick, laid claim to the land by virtue of a deed of entail made

in 1642. This claim was rejected by the Earl of Shaftesbury, then head of the company. In 1674 the Hon. Daniel Finch, later 2nd Earl of Nottingham, married one of the daughters of the deceased 3rd Earl of Warwick. He now claimed the land, and succeeded in obtaining the company’s decision that his title was good. The company was probably only too anxious to help Finch and thus cripple Trott if they could, for the latter had long been a thorn in their side. He aided the Bermuda settlers in many of their trading irregularities, persisted in unlicensed shipping and, as the company complained, paid them only a fraction of their dues.

It was at this point that Trott issued the present pamphlet. In it he showed the validity of his possession of the land, declared that only a court in the Bermudas could deal with the claim, and reproduced correspondence and other documents relating to the case. He also demonstrated that he had been authorized by the king to ship the islands’ produce, and that the company allowed the 1673 crop to spoil by not shipping it; made some offensive remarks about Milbourn, the claimant’s agent; and finally printed a letter of his to the company in which he had demanded the removal of Sir John Heydon from the governorship of the islands.

The next move by Finch and his friends was to win over Sir John Heydon to their side. How it was done is best left unsaid. The governor lost no time in collecting as many copies of Trott’s pamphlet as possible (some 16 or 17) and having them destroyed. It looked black for Trott for some time, but he was fortunately able to continue in possession of his land.

The company’s rule lasted very little longer in the Bermudas. The settlers defied their laws and in 1684 instituted “quo warranto” proceedings in London which caused the charter to be forfeited. From then on the governors held their commissions from the Crown.

Sabin’s collation of this book mentions three preliminary leaves, but the present volume and the British Museum copy possess only two. As both these copies are in their original bindings (the two bindings are identically bound and tooled), it is unlikely that any matter can be wanting, and it is possible that Sabin’s collation is incorrect.

Lowndes considers that the books was privately printed and this seems likely. The paper is of superior quality; a number of copies, if not all, were issued in identical bindings; and it was printed to set out the author’s point of view.

From the foregoing it will have been surmised that this pamphlet is of extreme rarity. It may be added that Sabin mentions only three copies – those in the British Museum, the John Carter Brown Library and The New York Public Library. Ninety years later European Americana could only add the copy at Hertford College, Oxford.

SABIN 97142. JCB (1882) 1159. WING T2306. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 676/192. H. Wilkinson, The Adventurers of Bermuda. $22,500.

The Foundation of Pennsylvania 89. Penn, William: SOME ACCOUNT OF THE PROVINCE OF

PENNSILVANIA IN AMERICA; LATELY GRANTED UNDER THE GREAT SEAL OF ENGLAND TO WILLIAM PENN, &c.

London: Benjamin Clark, 1681. [2]10pp. Folio. Blue crushed morocco by Riviere & Son, title in gilt on spine and front board, gilt inner dentelles, a.e.g.

Scratch on front cover, two bookplates on front pastedown. Expert restoration to the title-leaf with a few letters supplied; minor soiling. A few text leaves skillfully repaired. Very good.

The primary tract in the foundation of Pennsylvania, and a bedrock piece of Americana.

On March 4, 1681, to resolve the Crown’s debt to the Penn family, Charles II granted the vast area west and south of New Jersey to William Penn, and Penn immediately

began laying the foundations for his new colony. This included contact with numerous leading Quakers in England and Wales, the appointment of several agents, and, most importantly, the publication of this promotional tract “to describe the new colony and the opportunities that were available to persons wishing to settle there or invest in the venture...[It] is the basic pamphlet” – Bronner & Fraser. The successful settlement of Penn’s new charter was due principally to William Penn’s marketing of the region, beginning with this work. “Penn’s advertising campaign for his new colony in the early 1680s was the most successful English colonial recruitment drive since the Puritans had founded Massachusetts fifty years before...and provided the necessary momentum that got the Quaker colony off to a successful start” – Dunn.

The work is quite rare on the market. This copy is Bronner & Fraser’s second state of the first edition, with the “Fifty Acres shall be allowed” reading at the bottom of page 5.

With a distinguished provenance, this was originally bound by Americana bookseller Charles Heartman, later sold to Frank C. Deering, and then sold with other Deering books about 1970 by Kenneth Nebenzahl.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 681/113. BRONNER & FRASER 58b. CHURCH 671. Richard Dunn, “William Penn and the Selling of Pennsylvania” in Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol.127, no.5. JCB II:1225. SABIN 59733. ESTC R24456. WING P1365.

STREETER, AMERICANA BEGINNINGS 22. STREETER SALE 940. WINSOR III:495.

$60,000.

First Printed Map of the Upper Mississippi, and First Account of Joliet and Marquette 90. Thevenot, Melchisedech: RECUEIL DE VOYAGES DE MR. THEVENOT.... Paris: Estienne Michallet, 1681. [2],16,43,[1],18,[2],32,[4],20, 14,8,16pp. including six plates and errata leaf, plus two folding maps (of three, lacking the equipolar projection map, “Explication de la carte de la Decouverte

de la Terre d’Ielmer”) and three plates (two folding), with eleven engravings in the text. Contemporary calf, spine gilt, raised bands. Chipped at spine ends, a bit of wear along upper and lower portions of front hinge, bottom edge of rear board slightly worn. A few neat corrections in a contemporary hand. Tasman map and the two folding plates with closed tears along the bound-in edge, but with no loss. Small closed tear along one fold of the Mississippi map, but with no loss. Overall, a very good copy, lacking only the equipolar projection map. In a half morocco box.

The very rare first edition of Thevenot’s collection of travels, and an essential document in the exploration of the interior of North America. This is a very complex book bibliographically, and there are many variant issues, especially in the part of the work devoted to natural history discoveries of Swammerdam and others. Many copies lack some of the natural history components. Its importance and value, however, derive from the section and accompanying map devoted to the travels of Marquette and Joliet and the map showing the discoveries of Abel Tasman, and these are identical in both editions.

The most notable aspect of Thevenot is that it contains the first publication of Father Marquette’s relation of his discovery, with Joliet, of the upper Mississippi River and their exploration as far as the Arkansas River in 1673. This remarkable expedition established the basic structure of the Mississippi headwaters for the first time, and opened the way for the dominance of the French in the Mississippi Valley over the next century. Their account begins on May 17, 1673, when the party set out in two canoes from Mackinac. They reached the Mississippi via Green Bay and the Fox River on June 17, floated as far south as Arkansas, and returned north by way of the Illinois and Des Plaines rivers and the later site of Chicago. The accompanying map is a major landmark of American cartography, “Carte de la decouverte faite l’an 1673, dans l’Amerique Septentrionale.” The map is the first to bear the word “Michigan,” and shows the lake of that name and the Mississippi River from its headwaters to the sea.

A figure appears in the center of the map, identified as “Manit8,” representing an Indian god. The map appears here in its third state, as usual, with the date of 1673 in the title of the map. Burden convincingly asserts that the first and second states (known in only one copy each) were almost certainly proofs. This is one of the most important American frontier exploration narratives. Howes says: “The first edition of Thevenot’s Recueil, while less rare than Le Clerq’s Premier Etablissement de la Foi, 1691, is of equal importance....” “The first printed representation of the Mississippi based on actual observation” – Streeter.

The other sections of Thevenot’s work are of considerable interest as well. The Tasman map is one of the first to show parts of the Australian coastline in detail, based on his 1644 voyage. It shows part of the coast of New Guinea, Tasmania, and much of the east coast of Australia, and is a basic work of Australian cartography. It is present here in its third issue, with the Tropic of Capricorn inserted and with the rhumblines.

“In any state the map is a great rarity. It is one of the earliest charts devoted entirely to Australia, and is the first French map of Australia” – Davidson. There is also an

account of explorations in polar regions by the Dutch in 1680, which is usually accompanied by a third map, an equipolar projection, which is lacking from this copy. The third exploration piece is an account of a trip overland from Russia to China in 1653.

Finally, there is a discourse on navigation, and the natural history sections discussing the illustration of insects.

A major work of Americana, with one of the landmark accounts and maps of the discovery of the Mississippi Valley.

CHURCH 672. HARRISSE NOUVELLE FRANCE 147. SABIN 95332. WORLD ENCOMPASSED 211. STREETER SALE 101. SIEBERT SALE 659. HOWES T156, “c.” EUROPEAN AMERICANA 681/141. BURDEN 540. CLEMENTS, 100 MICHIGAN RARITIES 4. GREENLY MICHIGAN 6. GRAFF 4122. JONES 320. TOOLEY, MAPPING OF AUSTRALIA AND ANTARCTICA, plate 92. Davidson, A Book Collector’s Notes, pp.28-29.

$160,000.

Organizing a West Indian Trading Company 91. [Bégon, Michel]: [CONTEMPORARY MANUSCRIPT COPY OF

PLANS TO ORGANIZE A FRENCH TRADING COMPANY WITH INTERESTS IN THE WEST INDIES, CANADA, AND NEW SPAIN]. [La Rochelle. Oct. 14, 1682]. [9]pp. Folio. Self-wrappers.

Light fold lines. Remarkably bright and clean. Fine. In a cloth clamshell case, leather label.

A contemporary manuscript copy, in French, of a proposal to organize a French trading company with interests in the West Indies, Canada, New Spain, and other ports authorized by the French government. This item comes from the papers of Michel Bégon, an influential French colonial administrator who served in the Caribbean first at Martinique and then at St. Domingue, where he was intendant. The company, to be based in Martinique, was to exist primarily as a partnership between Mr. Jean Besnard, commissary general of His Majesty’s naval forces, and likely one Mr. Martin, though other interested parties are named. At the outset the proposal makes clear that government warehouses and property are to be kept separate from the new company.

The document continues by outlining the necessary expenses of hiring laborers, maintaining warehouse space, and accounting. The administrative portion of the proposal sets forth how the affairs of the company are to be managed, including the manner by which goods and invoices are to be transmitted between France and the islands.

By the time this proposal was written, it appears the company was well under way.

Besnard had already commissioned the construction of a ship, completed at the time of writing, and the proposal includes plans to send it to America. Besnard seems to have been taking a great risk, as all credit advances to pay for the ship, crew, and other needs were to be made in his name. Regarding the company’s apparent “jump start,” the proposal also states that henceforth Oct. 14, 1682 is to be considered the date of inception. The present copy was likely made especially for Bégon by the principals, who include a flattering dedication and acknowledgment of Bégon’s regional authority, it being expedient to secure his favor early in their corporate existence.

Prime evidence of an early West Indian trading venture from the archive of a key government official. $6000.

A Classic Work of Colonial American Astronomy 92. Mather, Increase: KOMETOGRAPHIA, OR A DISCOURSE CON-

CERNING COMETS; WHEREIN THE NATURE OF BLAZING STARS IS ENQUIRED INTO...AS ALSO TWO SERMONS OCCASIONED BY THE LATE BLAZING STARS. Boston in New-England: Printed by S.G. for S.S., 1683. [1],[7],[2],143pp. 12mo. Antique-style calf, spine gilt extra, leather label, by Trevor Lloyd. Without front and rear blank endpapers (A1 and K8). Some toning to titlepage and preface. Very good.

A landmark work in the development of astronomy and empirical science in the British colonies in the New World. Kometographia... was prompted by the appearance of Halley’s comet over North America in 1682. Mather had written the sermons, Heavens Alarm and The Latter Sign (sometimes bound with the Kometographia..., and mentioned on the titlepage, accorded separate Evans numbers, but not present here), on the occasion of a 1680 comet, yet in the Kometographia... we find a work of a character entirely different from the two earlier sermons: a treatise on the nature and history of “blazing stars,” written at a distance somewhat removed from their theological significance, and incorporating observations on the trajectory and physical demeanor of Halley’s Comet (the former recorded by Boston printer John Foster); allusions to the latest opinions on comets; and references to, among others, Kepler, Hevel, Tyco Brahe, and Robert Hooke. Mather intended his treatise for both the ordinary reader and the reader with some background in the complexities of contemporary astronomy. For the former he included accounts of previous appearances by comets, along with some discussion of the events they were said to presage. For the latter he recorded “some things of the nature, place; motion of Comets, which only such as have some skill in Astronomy can understand.”

Of this work Mather’s biographer, K.B. Murdock, states: Both Halley and Newton completed their scientific pioneering in regard to comets, after 1680. In writing his Kometographia... Mather was a contemporary student of the same phenomena...his book quite defies the classification as one which ‘supports the theological cometary theory fully.’ Instead, his doctrine is most cautiously expressed...He accepts some of the newest scientific tenets, and his attempt to combine them with his religious views results in a position held by others for a century after him, and not wholly abandoned today...in the matter of comets, Mather was in the front rank of his time.

One of the most celebrated 17th-century American imprints.

Murdock, Increase Mather, pp.145-47. HOLMES, INCREASE MATHER 67A, 62B1.

CHURCH 682. EVANS 352. SABIN 46696. $20,000.

The Second Major Penn Tract Promoting Pennsylvania 93. Penn, William: A LETTER FROM WILLIAM PENN PROPRI-

ETARY GOVERNOUR OF PENNSYLVANIA IN AMERICA, TO THE COMMITTEE OF THE FREE SOCIETY OF TRADERS OF THAT PROVINCE, RESIDING IN LONDON.... [London]: Andrew Sowle, 1683. 10pp. plus one folding plan supplied in facsimile. Lacks final leaf containing Directions of Reference. Folio. Tan calf, title in gilt on spine, by Sangorski & Sutcliffe. Calf lightly scuffed. Text tanned and stained. Titlepage backed with paper at an early date, closing tears and small holes; outer edges of each text leaf remargined, with losses supplied. A fair copy of a rare work.

One of the earliest and most significant descriptions of Pennsylvania, written by William Penn. “[William Penn’s] most informative and valuable promotional tract was the one written to the Free Society of Traders...after he had lived in Pennsylvania for ten months” – Bronner & Fraser. Among the notable features of this tract are Penn’s personal observations of the American Indians of the region. Philadelphia is described

by Penn as follows: The city of Philadelphia now extends in length, from river to river, two miles, and in breadth near a mile...and as its now placed and modelled between two navigable rivers upon a neck of land, and that ships may ride in good anchorage, in six or eight fathom water in both rivers, close to the city, and the land of the city level, dry and wholesome; such a scituation is scarce to be parallel’d...The city (as the model [i.e. Holme’s plan] shews) consists of a large Front-street to each river, and a High-street (near the middle) from Front (or river) to Front, of one hundred foot broad, and a Broad street in the middle of the city, from side to side, of the like breadth. In the center of the city, is a square of ten acres; at each angle are to be houses for publick affairs, as a Meeting-House, Assembly or State-House, Market-House, School-House, and several other buildings for publick concerns. There are also in each quarter of the city a square of eight acres, to be for the like uses, as the Moor-fields in London; and eight streets (besides the said High Street) that run from Front to Front, and twenty streets (besides Broad-street) that run cross the city, from side to side; all these streets are of fifty foot breadth.

All editions of Penn’s Letter are rare, and copies with the Holme map exceedingly so.

The Holme map in this copy is supplied in facsimile. Four versions of this work were published by Penn in 1683 with variant text to the title and varying collations. This copy corresponds to Bronner & Fraser’s second edition, third issue. Referring to the final leaf and the map, Church states: “this list and plan are usually lacking.” No complete copy of this work has appeared at auction since the 1967 Streeter sale.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 683/156. BRONNER & FRASER 67d. CHURCH 686. Richard Dunn, “William Penn and the Selling of Pennsylvania” in Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol. 127, no.5, pp.322-29. JCB II:1271. SABIN 59712. STREETER SALE 944.

WING P1321. ESTC R40046. WINSOR III:498. $20,000.

A Unique Version of the Holme Plan 94. Holme, Thomas: AFTEYKENINGE VAN DE STADT PHILADEL-

PHIA IN DE PROVINSTIE VAN PENN-SYLVANIA IN AMERICAE NA DE COPIE TOT LONDON. Amsterdam: Jacob Claus, 1684. Engraved folding map. Sheet size: 10 x 13¾ inches. Very good.

Provenance: Martin P. Snyder.

Rare Dutch edition of Holme’s plan of Philadelphia, and the first printed map to “depict an English colonial North American town” (Burden). “...[A] green country town, which will never be burnt, and always be wholesome.”

These words, written by William Penn, were part of his directive to his commissioners and Surveyor-General, Captain Thomas Holme, and they were the basis of the plan they laid out for the city to be, Philadelphia, in 1682.

Among the earliest examples of city planning, William Penn’s square grid of the city was surveyed and drafted in Philadelphia. Intended to reflect and incite orderliness and to ease the dividing of lots, the plan was also projected to thwart the destruction of fires by laying wide streets at right angles and even discourage the spread of contagious disease. (Penn had witnessed the Plague of 1665 and the Great Fire of London in 1666.) Holme’s engraved plan was first published as the frontispiece to Penn’s promotional tract, A Letter to the Committee of the Free Society of Traders in London, in 1683.

Benjamin Furly, a Quaker trader in Rotterdam and owner of 4,000 acres in Pennsylvania, represented Penn’s interests on the continent. Doubtless it was through him that a Dutch edition of Penn’s letter promoting his colony was promptly printed in Amsterdam. With the reprinting of the letter came a new engraved plan of the Philadelphia city grid prepared from Thomas Holme’s “Portraiture.” The new plan was by no means an exact copy of the original engraved in London. It contained many improvements, and was a more finished work throughout (Snyder, COI).

It is generally assumed that the Dutch version of Holme’s plan is more scarce due to the smaller circulation of the promotional tract. Referring to the original edition of Holme’s plan, Burden writes: “The printed map is the first to depict an English colonial North American town and is of considerable importance.”

Set where the Schuylkill and Delaware rivers are roughly parallel, Philadelphia was designed according to rather humane ideals, and not simply to maximize profits. Large blocks and wide streets in an easily navigated grid gave individuals a sense of freedom and community, freedom from the tension induced by overcrowding. There was a large central square intended to serve as the religious and governmental heart of the city, and large, accessible parks. The framework of the plan allowed for subdivision and growth.

Philadelphia was the fastest growing city in Colonial America in the 18th century.

Thomas Holme was an Englishman, who fought in Ireland under Cromwell and settling there, joined the Society of Friends. A long friendship with William Penn led to his being appointed surveyor-general of Pennsylvania.

BURDEN 581. PHILLIPS, DESCRIPTIVE LIST OF MAPS AND VIEWS OF PHILADELPHIA 145. SNYDER, COI 2 (this copy illustrated as Fig. 2). $27,500.

The History of the Amazon Missions 95. Rodriguez, Manuel: EL MARAÑON, Y AMAZONAS. HISTORIA

DE LOS DESCUBRIMIENTOS, ENTRADAS, Y REDUCCION DE NACIONES. TRABAJOS MALOGRADOS DE ALGUNOS CONQUISTADORES, Y DICHOSOS DE OTROS, ASSI TEMPORALES, COMO ESPIRITUALES, EN LAS DILATADAS MONTAÑAS, Y MAYORES RIOS DE LA AMERICA. Madrid: Antonio Gonçalez de Reyes, 1684. [22],444,[31]pp. Half title. Folio. Contemporary limp vellum, manuscript title on spine. Slight wear to covers. Occasional light age-toning, minor foxing. Moderate worming in end matter and a few interior pages. Contemporary ownership signature on titlepage. Overall near fine. In a half morocco box.

One of the earliest and best histories of the most captivating region of South America, the Amazon River valley, and a work celebrated equally for its unparalleled content and rarity. Written by the Jesuit, Manuel Rodriguez, this text offers a history of all the expeditions along the river through the author’s lifetime and draws substantially from several firsthand accounts. Rodriguez’ history begins with the overland quest of Francisco de Orellana, who discovered the source of the Amazon in Peru before sailing its complete course with his men in improvised boats in 1542. It was Orellana’s relation of his adventures that gave rise to the myth of the Amazon warrior, rooted in an attack Orellana and his men suffered at the hands of a band of hostile women. Because of his experience on the river, then known by some as El Marañon, Orellana re-christened it the Amazon. A second legend of the Amazon told in Rodriguez’ book is that of the mysterious nomad (alternately thought to be a king) known as El Dorado, the search for whom prompted a second expedition to the region twenty years later, commanded

by Pedro de Ursùa. Ursùa’s campaign was marred by the rebellion of Lope de Aguirre, who killed Ursùa and ruined the expedition before being executed himself in 1561.

The remainder of the history concentrates on ensuing expeditions in which the Jesuit order played a prominent role, including the establishment of the order at Quito, the seminary at San Luys, the progress of Indian religious instruction there, several martyrdoms, a description of the Maya, the pursuit of gold, and a lengthy summary. On pages 100-141, Rodriguez offers a shortened translation of Father Acuña’s book, Nuevo Descubrimiento del Rio de las Amazonas, which provides an additional history of the region. “One of the reasons for the rarity of the work is the fact that it was published without the license of the Congregation of the ‘Propaganda Fide,’ contrary to the orders of Clement X for works of this kind. It was consequently included among the forbidden works in the ‘Index,’ despite its bearing all the other ecclesiastical and civil licenses” – Borba de Moraes.

This copy contains the half title and the “Compendio historial,” both of which are usually lacking. Also of note is the unusual colophon which summarizes the edition, year of publication, number of books and pages, and the number of years the history covers. A superlative copy of an elusive and fundamental New World history.

SABIN 72524. MEDINA (BHA) 1771. PALAU 273.201, 273.204. STREIT II:2201. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 684/147. BORBA DE MORAES, pp.743-44. SALVÀ 3389.

RODRIGUES 2122. BOSCH 147. VINDEL 2.566. BACKER-SOMMERVOGEL VI:1965.

AMAZÔNIA I:7645. BALDUS 1356. GOLDSMITH, SPANISH AND PORTUGUESE BOOKS R-179. Edward J. Goodman, The Explorers of South America, pp.66-71, passim.

$20,000.

An Important Collection on the Early Products of the West Indies 96. [Bégon, Michel]: MEMOIRES SUR LES MARCHANDISES QUI

CROISSENT DANS LES ISLES. ET SUR LE COMMERCE [manuscript title]. [Np, but likely Martinique. ca. 1685]. [50]pp. manuscript, plus [2]pp. printed. In French. Primarily octavo, with just four folio-sized leaves, one of these a printed broadside. Some light soiling to several sheets, but overall very good.

A significant collection of documents reflecting French administrator Michel Bégon’s activities in the West Indian spice trade, and gathering and cataloguing local plants and products of the West Indies during the 1680s. This group of documents contains information on the West Indian trade, listing details about goods shipped to the Continent and elsewhere. One sheet contains an alphabetical list of goods from the West Indies. These include “bois de plusieures sortes” (several kinds of wood), including brazilwood, ironwood, and several others; cotton; cacao; “epiceries de plusieures sortes” (several kinds of spices); indigo; “laine” (wool); sugar, both raw and refined; silk; sulfur; “tabac de plusieures sortes” (several kinds of tobacco); and vanilla. Another document in this group contains a similar list of items, perhaps connected to this first list, which expounds on their properties and usages. Two other pages contain figures showing the return on the trade in raw sugar. This document states, roughly translated, that commerce “from Marseille to the French islands in America would be very advantageous for the State in reducing in the said Islands the unrefined sugar to white sugar, which without any difficulty one could retail in Spain, Italy, Piedmont, Constantinople and the seaports of the Levant, where one enjoys only the moist brown sugar of Portugal.”

Bégon also discusses commerce in a more general colonial context. Four pages are devoted to (roughly translated): “Means which will serve to render the commerce of the French Islands as flourishing as those of the English and Dutch colonies.” The list includes general means, and particular means for Martinique and Grenada. Likewise, Bégon has written two documents relating to the settlement of Tobago. Tobago was seized from the Dutch in 1677 and awarded to France by the Treaty of Nymwegen in August 1678. First colonized by the Dutch in the early 17th century, over the next two hundred years Tobago changed hands thirty-three times among the Spanish, Dutch, English, and French, all of them rival colonists. In these two documents Bégon proposes steps to make the island an effective French colony. A detailed list of the documents is as follows, all roughly translated:

1) Pour le Comerce de l’Amerique [On commerce with America]. [2]pp. Calculations of return on a trade in raw sugar with America.

2) Estat de Toutes les Marchandises Qui Croisset dans Inir[?] les Isles [paper torn] les de l’Amerique [State of all merchandises which cross in trade from the Isles in America]. [1]p. An alphabetical list of items.

3) Cours des Marchandises a Amsterdam, le 9 Aoust. 1698. Avec Consentem de Mess. les Bourgamaist [Movement of merchandises at Amsterdam, 9 August, 1698, with consent of Messieurs the Burgermeisters]. [2]pp. printed. A printed price sheet of goods from all over the world, including pepper, spices, sugars, saffron, honey, fabrics, wines, &c.

4) Etat de Toutes les Marchandises Qui Croisset dans Toutes les Isles Francoises de l’Amerique [State of all merchandises which cross from all the French Islands in America]. [15]pp. An alphabetical arrangement listing commercial goods available from America and their purposes.

5) Marchandises Qui Croissent dans les Iles de l’Amerique [Merchandises which cross from the Islands in America]. [12]pp. A list of approximately 190 items, at least half with information under each heading – likely an accompaniment to item no.

2.

6) Memoires des Marchandises Qu’on Peut Tirer de la Riviere de Senegal, par Chacun An [Memoire of merchandises which can be taken from the Senegal River, by year]. [1]p. Sixteen items listed on a single sheet.

7) Moyens Dont on se Peut Servir Pour Rendre le Commerce des Isles Francoises Aussy Florissant Que Celuy des Colonies Angloises et Holandoises [Means which will serve to render the commerce of the French Islands as flourishing as those of the English and Dutch colonies]. [4]pp.

8) Moyens Dont On Se Pourroit Suivre Pour Establir a Per de Fais une Colonie Florissante dans l’Isle de Tobago Sans Faire de Tord[?] aux Autres Colonies [Means which should be followed to establish a flourishing colony in the Island of Tobago without endangering the other colonies]. [4]pp.

9) Raisons Pour Lesqu’elles Il Seroit Tres Important Pour le Bien des Colonies des Isles Francoises de l’Amerique de se Rendre Maistre de l’Isle de Tobago [Reasons for which it would be very important for the good of the colonies in the French Islands of America to render oneself the master of Tobago]. [2]pp.

10) [Manuscript Instructions Concerning Caribbean Sugar Dealings]. [2]pp. This interesting document reflects how Bégon combined official duties with his own private sugar dealings, perhaps typifying French 17th-century practice.

11) [Memoire by Bégon on the Isles of Guadeloupe, St. Christopher, and St. Martin]. [2]pp.

Michel Bégon (1638-1710) was a veteran French colonial administrator who served in Canada in the 1670s and early 1680s, then in the French colonies in the Caribbean for another decade. He became involved in the spice trade around 1684, when he became intendant of Saint-Domingue. In the 1690s he became intendant of the port of Rochelle, and in this capacity he gathered much data on French commerce and

actions overseas, and advised the government extensively on matters of trade and commerce until his death in 1710. He was also an amateur botanist and naturalist who collected many specimens and other curiosities, who is best remembered today in the SOLD begonia, named in his honor.

First of the Andros Tracts 97. Byfield, Nathaniel: AN ACCOUNT OF THE LATE REVOLUTION

IN NEW-ENGLAND. TOGETHER WITH THE DECLARATION OF THE GENTLEMEN, MERCHANTS, AND INHABITANTS OF BOSTON, AND THE COUNTRY ADJACENT. APRIL 18.

1689. London. 1689. 20pp. Small quarto. Modern crimson crushed levant, stamped in gilt, by Riviere & Son, gilt inner dentelles, a.e.g. Some wear to outer hinges, bookplate neatly removed. Titlepage dust soiled. Very good. In a half morocco and cloth box.

A most important work for the history of New England. Sir Edmund Andros, the governor of Massachusetts appointed by Charles II, was overthrown in the spring of 1689 because of his harsh and overbearing rule. This pamphlet explains the position of those who removed him from power and their protestations of loyalty to the British Crown. Following Byfield’s text is a printing of Increase Mather’s The Declaration of the Gentlemen..., on pages 7-19. Page 20 prints a letter to Sir Edmund Andros, royal governor of the Dominion of New England, written and signed in type by prominent Boston citizens on April 18, 1689, demanding the surrender of the government.

CHURCH 708. SABIN 9708. $8500.

A Remarkable Early Perspective Plan and Map of Cayenne 98. [Cayenne]: CARTE CONTENANT 80 LIEUX DU GOUVERNMENT DE CAYENNE [manuscript cartouche]. [Np, but likely Cayenne].

Nov. 23, 1690. Manuscript map, 9 x 14½ inches. Elaborate cartouche in lower left corner. Minor edge wear. Vertical fold through center. Overall clean. Very good. In a half morocco and cloth box.

A detailed and ornamental map of part the coastline of French Guiana, centering on the island and town of Cayenne, the fledgling capital of the colony, showing the coastline and some distance inland, with settlements and rivers clearly marked, from Cap d’Orange to the Amana and Maroun rivers. The decorative cartouche in the lower left corner shows a French officer on one side and a Cayenne native on the other, and is dated Nov. 23, 1690. Two large French ships float just offshore. The early settlement is clearly delineated on the coast, with specific buildings labeled. Also given are the names of the various rivers and creeks along the coast. The entire map is executed in minute and beautiful penwork.

The French first established themselves at Cayenne in 1652, although it was not firmly secured as a French colony until 1676. It was one of their first colonies in the Caribbean area and their only colony on the mainland of South America. By 1690, when this view was made, it was a flourishing and prosperous settlement.

A unique and appealing view of a major French colony. From the papers of Michel BĂŠgon (1638-1710). BĂŠgon was a French civil servant and colonial administrator who served for a while in Canada, and then in the Caribbean at Martinique. In the 1680s he became intendent at Santo Domingo, and was later sent to Martinique for official duties, which is probably when he collected this map. Later he served as the intendent of the port of Rochelle and was active in gathering intelligence for the French govern$17,500. ment.

The French Position in the Caribbean, 1690 [Seignelay, Marquis de]: COPIE DU MEMOIRE POUR MONSEIGNEUR LE MARQUIS DE SEIGNELAY DU FORT DU PORT PAIX LE 29 AOUST 1690. [with:] EXTRAIT DE LA LETTRE DE MONSIEUR DE CUSSY A MONSR. LE COMTE DE BLENAC. St. Domingue. Aug. 29, 1690. [29]; [5]pp. manuscript in

99.

French. Folio. A fair copy, folded and gathered as originally compiled. Top and bottom of gathering sewn. Moderate soiling in margins of first page. Internally very clean. In very good condition. In a cloth clamshell case, leather label.

A fair copy of an extensive and detailed report concerning French colonial interests in St. Domingue and elsewhere in the Caribbean in the summer of 1690, written for French Navy Secretary Jean-Baptiste Antonie Colbert, Marquis de Seignelay. The Marquis was the eldest son of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, French Minister of Finance under Louis XIV, and served as head of the Navy from 1683 until his death in November

1690. Seignelay also completed the Code Noir, the famous set of laws begun by his father intended to regulate the treatment of slaves in the French colonies. The memorandum, apparently one of a regular series of reports produced for the Marquis, provides a summary of events in St. Domingue and other Caribbean locales. Of particular interest are updates concerning the movement of ships, men, and armaments as conflicts related to the War of the League of Augsburg (1689-97) reached the New World.

The author, a military officer, provides detailed reports of events in St. Domingue, many of which are influenced by activity elsewhere in the Caribbean. His information is derived from various sources, including French colonial administrators. For example, he mentions letters received from Jacques Perdieu de Franquesnay (a former governor of the island) in Le Cap Français describing the arrival in St. Domingue of approximately 200 French colonials who were forced to evacuate St. Christopher after the French region of that island was overtaken by English forces in June 1690. Spanish and Dutch activity as well as English involvement in the region is discussed, particularly the movement of various vessels and military forces. References are also found to the St. Domingue towns of Saint Jacques and Le Cap Français and the islands of St. Christopher, Martinique, and Jamaica. The report was compiled at the French fort at Port-de-Paix.

With this document is an extract of a letter from M. de Cussy to le Comte de Blenac, also copied out in a secretarial hand. This letter references the Memoire, opening with the lines, roughly translated: “I pray also that Mr. Apoil send you another copy of the Memoire pour Monseigneur Le Marquis de Seignelay, from 29 August....”

M. Cussy goes on to discuss the contents of the Memoire. The recipient of this letter, Charles de La Roche-Courbon, le Comte de Blenac (1622-96), was governor of Martinique from 1677 to 1683, again in 1684 to February 1691, and a third time from November 1691 till his death in 1696.

From the papers of Michel Bégon (1638-1710), a French civil servant and administrator. After a military career, Bégon was an administrator in Canada and then the Caribbean, serving in Martinique in the early 1680s and as intendant of Santo Domingo later in that decade. By 1694 he had returned to France and was intendant of the port of Rochelle. Both in Santo Domingo and Rochelle, Bégon’s administrative posts provided him with access to much information on various aspects of French co$9500. lonial interests in the Caribbean, such as the present manuscript.

Reports of Silver Mines 100. [Bégon, Michel]: [COLLECTION OF SIX FRENCH MANU-

SCRIPT VERSIONS OF TWO REPORTS REGARDING SILVER MINES IN THE WEST INDIES AND IN SPAIN, COMPILED CIRCA 1690 – 1700 FOR FRENCH ADMINISTRATORS CONCERNED WITH FINANCE, COMMERCE, AND TRADE]. [Np, but likely France. nd, but ca. 1690-1700]. Six reports comprising [36]pp. manuscript (twenty-seven folio and nine quarto pages). Reports individually folded and

gathered, described below. Moderately age-toned and soiled on first and last pages, particularly in margins; internally clean. In very good condition.

A suite of six French manuscript versions of two reports regarding silver mines in the West Indies and in Spain, compiled at the end of the 17th century for French administrators concerned with finance, commerce, and trade. The various copies of the two reports include original drafts, later copies with corrections and revisions, and a final fair copy consisting of both reports. In addition to information about mines and mining processes in Spain and Spanish America, these documents provide unusual evidence of the drafting and editing of specific documents for the French administrative system during the colonial period.

The reports are from the papers of Michel Bégon (1638-1710), a French civil servant and administrator. After a military career, Bégon was an administrator in Canada and then the Caribbean, serving in Martinique in the early 1680s and as intendant of Santo Domingo later in that decade. By 1694 he had returned to France and was intendant of the port of Rochelle. In this capacity, he gathered much information on French commerce and activity overseas as well as related data, such as the present collection of manuscripts, concerning the finances of other nations. He advised the government extensively on matters of trade and commerce until his death in 1710.

The individual reports follow: 1) Memoire sur les Mines d’Argent des Indes Occidentalles [caption title]. [4]pp. on both sides of one leaf, folded. Small quarto. Old folds. Moderate soiling on outer pages [1] and [4], internally clean. In very good condition. The original report on silver mines in the West Indies found in this collection. Mines are said to be located in Mexico, Florida, and Peru, and mention is made of silver, pignon silver, and the use of quicksilver. The report notes that both Indians and “Negroes” work in the mines, and the mines are worked for the benefit of the King or the owners.

2) Memoire sur les Mines d’Argent des Indes Occidentalles [caption title]. [5]pp. folio and [2]pp. small quarto laid in. Gathered and folded as originally compiled, with original sewing at top and bottom. Old folds. Minor soiling at edges of first page and last blank page. Internally very clean. In very good condition. A copy of the original report on silver mines in the West Indies (item 1), with corrections and revisions throughout.

3) Memoire sur les Mines d’Argent des Indes Occidentales [caption title]. [8]pp. Folio.

Gathered and folded as originally compiled, tied with ribbon at top and bottom. Minor soiling at edges of first page and last blank page, internally very clean. A fair copy of the earlier versions of the report on silver mines in the West Indies (items 1 and 2).

4) Il y a une Mine d’Argent a Guadallanara 15 Lieues de Seville...[caption title]. [3]pp. small quarto. Four pages (p.[4] blank) on both sides of one leaf, folded. Old folds.

Moderate soiling at bottom edge and foredge of first page, internally very clean. In very good condition. The original report on a silver mine at Guadallanara, fifteen lieues from Seville. The report indicates that the mine was opened and operated in the same manner as mines in the Indies, but the silver is finer than that of the Indies.

At the time of the report, the mine had been abandoned due to the difficulties

encountered in draining water; but the writer indicates that if this problem could be solved, one could still profit from reopening the mine.

5) Memoire sur une Mine d’Argent Qui est en Espagne [caption title]. [3]pp. Folio. [4]pp. (p.[4] blank) on both sides of one leaf, folded. Minor soiling at edges of first page, top edge of final blank page, small chips at bottom of foredge (not affecting text). Internally clean. A very good copy. A copy of the original report on the mine in Spain, with a few corrections.

6) Memoire sur les Mines d’Argent des Indes Occidentales [and] Memoire sur une Mine d’Argent Qui est en Espagne. [11]pp. Folio. Gathered and folded as originally compiled, tied with ribbon at top and bottom. Old folds. Minor soiling at top of first page, minor dampstaining and wear at top edge of each leaf. In good condition. A fair copy of the earlier versions of the two separate reports (items 3 and 5), incorporating various corrections.

A fine suite of six manuscript versions of two late 17th-century French reports on silver mines in the New World and in Spain, documenting the type of information on Spanish silver sources available at the time to French administrators. $3500.

The Most Important Early Collection of French Treaties 101. Leonard, Frederic [ed]: RECUEIL DES TRAITEZ DE PAIX, DE

TREVE, DE NEUTRALITE, DE CONFEDERATION, D’ALLIANCE, ET DE COMMERCE, FAITS PAR LES ROIS DE FRANCE, AVEC TOUS LES PRINCES, ET POTENTATS DE L’EUROPE, ET AUTRES, DEPUIS PRES DE TROIS SIECLES. Paris. 1693-1719. Seven volumes. Engraved portraits. Quarto. Contemporary calf, spines gilt extra. Moderate rubbing to extremities; head and toe of spines chipped on first, second, and fifth volumes; hinges starting on a few volumes; some minor worming in spine areas. Armorial bookplate in each volume. Else a very good set, internally clean except for only occasional foxing and tanning.

A vast collection of all the treaties and commercial agreements entered into by France with other nations from 1435 to 1700, including many treaties relating to America.

The NUC entry for this work describes it in six volumes and locates five sets. Sabin states the work consists of six regular volumes plus two additional volumes of twentynine treaties with separate titlepages for each. This set includes the first of these additional volumes, but not the second. An important collection of treaties, with much material relating to French possessions in America.

Frances Davenport identifies eleven treaties for which the Leonard set gives the first or first French printing between 1556 and 1684, as follow: Davenport 20. Treaty between France and Spain, 1556, by which the French agreed to stay out of Spanish America and the Spanish agreed to leave alone French fisheries off the North American coast.

Davenport 22. Treaty between France and Spain, 1585. A similar agreement to keep France out of the Indies.

Davenport 26. Treaty between France and England, 1603. This treaty was made while England and Spain were still at war, and arranged for the French and British to take concerted action, with England raising a fleet to attack the Spanish New World dominions. It became a dead letter when James I made peace with Spain the next year.

Davenport 29. A defensive alliance between the Netherlands, France and England, in which the latter two agreed not to interfere with Dutch trade in the New World.

Davenport 32. Treaty between the Netherlands and France, agreeing not to interfere with each other’s trade in the New World.

Davenport 34. Treaty between England and France, settling the brief war between the powers of 1627-28. In this war the British had seized much of New France, including Quebec, which was restored with the peace.

Davenport 36. Treaty between Great Britain and France (St. Germain-en-laye). This treaty followed up Davenport 34, above, and called for the specific restoration of all of Canada; England gave up Nova Scotia reluctantly, and only in the face of French naval superiority.

Davenport 37. Treaty between France and Portugal, 1641. Portugal, having won independence back from Spain, agrees to cooperate with the French and Dutch against Spain in the New World.

Davenport 68. Agreement between Spain and the Netherlands, made by Spain in an attempt to defend its New World possessions.

Davenport 73. Cessation of hostilities in America between France and Sweden on one hand, and Denmark and Brandenburg on the other, 1679. This war had involved battles between the West Indian possessions of all powers, and restored the status quo while allowing free trade in West Indian ports.

Davenport 77. Treaty between Spain and France, 1684 (Ratisbon). This treaty supposedly brought peace between the Spanish and French throughout the world, but was really a screen by Louis XIV for his incursions on Spanish dominions in the New World. Immediately after it he authorized La Salle to start his colony on the Gulf of Mexico, and attempted to seize northern New Spain.

A most important collection.

$12,500.

SABIN 40104.

Encouraging Mining in America and Africa 102. Houghton, Thomas: ROYAL INSTITUTIONS: BEING PROPOS-

ALS FOR ARTICLES TO ESTABLISH AND CONFIRM LAWS, LIBERTIES, & CUSTOMS OF SILVER & GOLD MINES, TO ALL THE KING’S SUBJECTS, IN SUCH PARTS OF AFRICA, AND AMERICA, WHICH ARE NOW (OR SHALL BE) ANNEXED TO, AND DEPENDENT ON THE CROWN OF ENGLAND. London: Printed for the Author, 1694. [12],126pp. Narrow 12mo. Modern three quarter calf and marbled boards. Old institutional stamp on verso of titlepage and on

final page. Tear with loss of four letters on final leaf. Titlepage bit dusty with a few small repairs in margins. Overall quite good.

An early set of proposals to the King and Parliament for the regulation and encouragement of gold and silver mines in America and Africa. Houghton sought to encourage British mining in America, “which Veyns and Mines, if they was Sought for, and Set to Work, by any that understands them, would undoubtedly, in a little Time, prove as Rich as any the Spaniards have in Peru, or on the North Side of the Aequinox, in NewSpain.” He includes instructions on working the mines; how the Indians of America mined gold for three hundred years before the arrival of the Spanish, and how black slaves, women, and children did much of the mining work. An interesting and rare work.

WING H2935. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 694/90. SABIN 33164. KRESS 1846. JCB IV:286. $2750.

A Major Early American Imprint: The First Book Published in New York City 103. Keith, George: TRUTH ADVANCED IN THE CORRECTION OF MANY GROSS & HURTFUL ERRORS.... [New York: William Bradford], 1694. 5 leaves, 1-175,180-184pp. (pp.176-179 omitted from pagination); 32pp. Small quarto. Full red morocco by Riviere & Son, ruled in gilt on the front and rear boards, spine richly gilt in six compartments, the second and third containing the author, title, and imprint information, gilt inner dentelles, a.e.g. Very minor shelf wear, bookplates on front pastedown. First four full words and upper portion of fifth word of title in expert facsimile; expert restoration done to outer edge and lower corner of titlepage, not affecting text. Overall, a beautiful copy.

An American imprint of the greatest rarity and importance, being the first printed work larger than a broadside or a pamphlet produced in New York City. Truth Advanced... was issued from the press of William Bradford sometime early in 1694. Bradford and the author, George Keith, had left Philadelphia, where Bradford was a printer from 1685 until 1693, because of a long and virulent dispute between Keith and the Quaker establishment of the city over Quaker religious doctrine. During the course of this sectarian debate, Keith and Bradford had controlled the only printing press in town, and thus had the advantage of more effectively presenting their opinions to the populace. When they overstepped their bounds into libel, they were imprisoned and tried for sedition. Although freed when the evidence against them – a tray of set type – was dropped and pied, Philadelphia was no longer a hospitable place. Consequently they removed to New York, where Bradford became the official printer to the colony. This book is Keith’s final summation of their troubles in Philadelphia, and of his theological disputations.

Truth Advanced... is known in fifteen copies, of which thirteen are in institutions, and nine of which we have examined personally. This copy contains the thirty-twopage chronology of world history found with some copies. The Chronological Account of the Several Ages of the World... has its own titlepage and is signed separately, and is treated by some bibliographers as being a separate publication; however, it should more rightly be considered integral to Truth Advanced... (it is mentioned on the latter’s titlepage). This is the DePuy copy, with his bookplate on the front pastedown. We are aware of only one other copy of Truth Advanced... in private hands. This firm sold the present copy thirty years ago, and we are pleased to now offer it again.

A major monument among colonial imprints, and a great rarity of 17th-century American imprints.

EVANS 691. NAIP w028400. CHURCH 745. SABIN 37224,37187. DePUY SALE 1323 (this copy). EAMES, FIRST YEAR OF PRINTING IN NEW YORK 36. ROSENBACH

FOUNDATION, A SELECTION FROM OUR SHELVES 134. AMERICAN ANTIQUARIAN SOCIETY, THE PRINTER’S FIRST FRUITS 34. William S. Reese, “George Keith’s $75,000.

American Imprints” in Princeton University Library Chronicle, Spring 1977, 22.

Early French Traveller to the West Indies 104. Mocquet, Jean: TRAVELS AND VOYAGES INTO AFRICA, ASIA,

AND AMERICA, THE EAST AND WEST-INDIES; SYRIA, JERUSALEM, AND THE HOLY-LAND.... London. 1696. [32],352pp. including sixteen woodcuts on eight sheets (two per page). 12mo. 19th-century three quarter morocco and marbled boards by the Club Bindery, raised bands, a.e.g. An occasional light fox mark, armorial bookplate, a few words of leaf Z2 supplied in facsimile. Else a very good copy.

The rare first English edition of the important account of this early French traveller, translated by Nathaniel Pullen from the French edition of 1617. Mocquet, Keeper of the Cabinet of Rarities of the King of France, describes five voyages he made between 1601 and 1612. The second part of the book (pp.39-137) is comprised of his Caribbean travels, and describes his voyage to the West Indies in 1604, including to Guiana, the country of Yapoco, and the province of Cumana. Mocquet was impressed with the good nature of the natives he encountered and describes in detail their customs, lack of clothing, cannibalistic practices, and agricultural products: “They are very hardy and warlike, courteous and liberal, and have very cheerful looks.” He writes of the Amazons: “Warlike women...who make War upon those of the Continent of the Coast of Brasil, towards the Cape of Voyanpouc, are their Friends and constant Confederates.” He also records important botanical and natural history information, describing the uses of aloes, odiferous gums, red-woods and other trees, and the honey from stingless bees, which Mocquet describes as excellent in “consistence, taste, smell and colour.” The American section ends with eight remarkable woodcuts showing Caribbean men and women hunting, dancing, fighting, collecting fruit, and “How the Caribes Eat the Flesh of the Caripous, and Feast together therewith.” The remainder of the book describes travel in the Holy Land, Morocco, Lybia, and elsewhere.

The first of Mocquet’s African travels were in Morocco, where he lived from 1605 to 1607. At the end of that year, after returning to France, he embarked on a longer voyage to East Africa, visiting Mozambique and Ethiopia during 1608 and proceeding on to India in 1609, where he spent several years. Mocquet remained a close observer of botany and other natural phenomena, as he had been in America. His note-taking landed him in trouble with the Portuguese authorities, “being accused of making a Ruttier of the Sea, which thing the Portugals fear the most, not being willing, that the French, English, or Hollanders, should know anything of those countries.” After returning from India, Mocquet made a final voyage to Syria and the Holy Land, where he gathered more plants and curiosities for the Royal collection.

An important and rare account of travel in the West Indies, as well as in Africa and Asia, highlighted by early depictions of American Indian islanders and early American

botanical findings. Not cited by the standard botanical and natural history references.

The NUC locates only eight copies.

SABIN 49794. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 696/161. WING M2310. BELL M428. JCB $7500.

(2)II:1503. COX I, pp.76-77.

One of the Great American Biographies 105. [Mather, Cotton]: PIETAS IN PATRIAM: THE LIFE OF HIS EX-

CELLENCY SIR WILLIAM PHIPS, KNT. LATE CAPTAIN GENERAL, AND GOVERNOUR IN CHIEF OF THE PROVINCE OF THE MASSACHUSET-BAY [sic], NEW ENGLAND. London. 1697.

[10],110,[8]pp. 12mo. Late 19th-century morocco, covers and spine gilt, gilt inner dentelles. Hinges slightly abraded. Titlepage soiled and slightly chipped, with contemporary inscription. Some age-toning, a few leaves trimmed close at top. Lacks leaf A1 (note of recommendation to the public). A good copy.

Governor Phips was a most colorful character, not in keeping with the Puritan Mathers, who were his staunchest supporters. He earned his knighthood by discovering the wreck of a Spanish treasure galleon in the Bahamas, recovering a large fortune in gold and silver bullion, and earning for his stockholders – among them King James II – a dividend of 8000 percent. His rise from humble beginnings to the governorship of Massachusetts is an early American success story.

Phips presided over New England at a time when it was rocked by the witch trials and King William’s War against the French, which saw most outlying settlements besieged by the French and Indians. Streeter calls this “one of the great American biographies.” Samuel Eliot Morison describes it in The Puritan Pronaos as “good reading now as when it first appeared. Mather glossed over the vulgarities and immoralities of this self-made hero...but in terse, vigorous English he described enough fighting, treasure-hunting, mutinies, ship wrecks, and other adventures to satisfy the most redblooded reader. The lives of Eliot and Phips...are a worthy beginning for New England biographical literature.”

STREETER SALE 652. CHURCH 766. HOLMES, COTTON MATHER 279-A. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 697/121. JCB (2)II:1082. SABIN 46455. HOWES M394, “b.”

$5000.

Early Complaints over Colonial Taxation 106. [Littleton, Edward]: [Sugar]: THE GROANS OF THE PLANTA-

TIONS: OR A TRUE ACCOUNT OF THEIR GRIEVOUS AND EXTREME SUFFERINGS BY THE HEAVY IMPOSITIONS UPON SUGAR, AND OTHER HARDSHIPS. RELATING MORE PARTICULARLY TO THE ISLAND OF BARBADOS. London.

Printed by M. Clark, in the year 1689, and reprinted 1698. [2],31pp. Small quarto. Stitched as issued. Vertical crease down the center. Some minor soiling,

primarily confined to exterior leaves. Very good. In a brown half morocco clamshell box, spine gilt.

Second edition, after the first of 1689. One of the earliest objections to taxation without representation to arise from the British colonies. Littleton was a Barbados planter who sought lower tariffs. In this tract he charges that his fellow sugar planters had been brought to the brink of ruin by heavy customs duties, and by the requirement that they purchase all imports from within the empire. Largely due to his efforts, the taxes were reduced and monopolies eliminated.

SABIN 3271. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 698/134. KRESS 1700. GOLDSMITH 2743.

BEINECKE LESSER ANTILLES COLLECTION 88. WING (2nd ed) L2578. ESTC R18730.

$2750.

I TEM 107.

The English Edition of Tonti 107. Tonti, Henri De, Chevalier: AN ACCOUNT OF MONSIEUR DE

LA SALLE’S LAST DISCOVERIES IN NORTH AMERICA. PRESENTED TO THE FRENCH KING, AND PUBLISHED BY THE CHEVALIER TONTI, GOVERNOUR OF FORT ST. LOUIS, IN THE PROVINCE OF THE ILLINOIS...ALSO, THE ADVENTURES OF THE SIEUR DE MONTAUBAN, CAPTAIN OF THE FRENCH BUCCANEERS ON THE COAST OF GUIANA, IN THE YEAR 1695. London: J. Tonson, S. Buckley, and R. Knaplock, 1698.

[2],211,[1],44pp. Contemporary calf. Rubbed, chipped at head of spine. Scattered foxing, minor browning, titlepage and first few leaves slightly stained, endpapers moderately soiled. Although worn, a good copy, in an unsophisticated contemporary binding with a notable early American provenance. In a half morocco box.

This copy bears the ownership signature of Alexander Dallas, Secretary of the Treasury under James Madison, on the rear pastedown.

This is Tonti’s relation of La Salle’s final expedition, here in the first English edition, after the Paris edition of 1697. This is the first issue, with “Grown” instead of “Crown” in the imprint. La Salle was the first to descend the Mississippi River from the Great Lakes to the Gulf of Mexico, and this account by his second in command describes La Salle’s search for the mouth of the Mississippi River and his intention to ascend it for the purpose of establishing a colony. La Salle was murdered by a mutinous band before his plans could come to fruition. “Tonti disclaimed authorship of this narrative, but it was probably based on his letters or memoirs with help possibly from Le Clerq’s Premier Établissement de la Foi which had appeared in 1691" – Howes. A work of primary importance in regard to the early exploration of the Gulf Coast, Louisiana, Texas, and the Mississippi.

Tonti’s work is far rarer than the other primary account of La Salle’s expedition, by Joutel. This English edition is particularly difficult to acquire.

SABIN 96171. WING T1890. GRAFF 4163. HOWES T294, “c.” EUROPEAN AMERICANA 698/2. WAGNER, SPANISH SOUTHWEST 67a. HARRISSE, NOUVELLE FRANCE 178. $20,000.

The Founding of American Libraries 108. Bray, Thomas: APOSTOLICK CHARITY, ITS NATURE AND

EXCELLENCE CONSIDER’D IN A DISCOURSE...PREACHED...

AT THE ORDINATION OF SOME PROTESTANT MISSIONARIES TO BE SENT INTO THE PLANTATIONS. TO WHICH IS PREFIXT A GENERAL VIEW OF THE ENGLISH COLONIES IN AMERICA, WITH RESPECT TO RELIGION; IN ORDER TO SHEW WHAT PROVISION IS WANTING FOR THE PROPAGATION OF CHRISTIANITY IN THOSE PARTS. London: Printed by

W. Downing, for William Hawes, 1699. [11],30pp. Lacks the final advertisement leaf. Small quarto. Antique-style morocco by Dusel, gilt tooled borders and edges, spine richly gilt. A fine copy.

Thomas Bray is known as the founder of the American public library system due to his efforts in establishing some of the first libraries in the English American colonies beginning in the 1690s. He was a tireless Anglican missionary who promoted his pioneering library design with zeal. The present sermon, which he preached at St. Paul’s in London at the ordination of missionaries to be sent to America, is prefaced with “A General View of the English Colonies in America.” In this preface Bray surveys each colony, including New England, New York, Albany, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, the Carolinas, and several Caribbean settlements, setting forth the numbers of parishes and churches in each, the number of families, ministers, and of course taking note of the new libraries. Interestingly, one of his suggestions was

“to have a provision made in one or two schools at leastwise, in every province, for the instruction of half a dozen Indian youth, to be sent afterwards amongst their own people, to civilize and convert them.” Concerning Virginia he notes: “50 Parishes, with 100 churches and chapels. There is also a Noble College now erected, and Endow’d

by His present Majesty and the late Queen [i.e. the College of William & Mary]....”

“Thomas Bray was the founder of parish libraries in this country, especially in Maryland...He was the first advocate of the public library in America...No less than thirty-nine libraries, some containing more than a thousand volumes, were established in North America, besides many in foreign lands, during Bray’s lifetime” – Church.

Bray also founded the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts and the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. This is the second printing, and according to the Church Catalogue the original 1698 edition “is so rare that Dexter had not seen a copy of the work.” Sabin too had never seen the 1698 edition and notes a variant 1699 edition with slightly different title than the one offered here. An important call for church, school, and library development in the English colonies.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 699/27. WING B4285A. BAER MARYLAND 189. SABIN 7473 (variant ed). CHURCH 770 (1698 ed). $6750.

A Very Rare Mather Title 109. Mather, Cotton: THIRTY IMPORTANT CASES, RESOLVED

WITH EVIDENCE OF SCRIPTURE AND REASON. (MOSTLY,)

BY SEVERAL PASTORS OF ADJACENT CHURCHES, MEETING IN CAMBRIDGE, NEW-ENGLAND. (WITH SOME OTHER MEMORABLE MATTERS.) NOW PUBLISHED FOR GENERAL BENEFIT. Boston: Printed by Bartholomew Green and John Allen, 1699. 78,[1]pp. including the errata leaf at the end. 16mo. Modern morocco by Riviere, boards and spine gilt, t.e.g., gilt inner dentelles. Age-toning and moderate dampstaining. Top edge closely trimmed, affecting some page numbers in upper margin. First few leaves worn at lower outer corner. A very good copy. In a half morocco box.

A compilation of thirty questions and judgments regarding religious practice by individuals and churches, “chiefly amongst members of the churches of Boston and vicinity, and came before the Cambridge Association of Ministers for their discussion and final resolution. The decisions were, of course, merely advisory and carried no authority for enforcement” – Holmes. Several of the issues focus on institutions and their representatives, but others concern personal behavior. The latter include questions concerning whether to “drink healths,” what type of loan of money upon usury may be practiced, and “whether the games of cards, or dice, be lawful to be used, among the professors of the Christian religion.” These cases were reprinted, with a new introduction and commentary, in the fifth book of Mather’s Magnalia Christi Americana under the heading, “Historical Remarks upon the Discipline Practiced in the Churches of NewEngland.” In his diary Mather writes of the work: “And tho’ it go under the name of

all the associated ministers, yet I think, I may humbly pretend to be the real author of it; all but two or three pages of it, being mine.”

A very rare Mather title; no copy has appeared at public sale for decades. NAIP locates eleven copies, all at old institutions which have held the title decades or over a century.

EVANS 878. NAIP w019558. WING (2nd ed) M1160. HOLMES, COTTON MATHER 394. $17,500.

A Statement of Principal by the Library Founder 110. Bray, Thomas: A LETTER FROM DR. BRAY, TO SUCH AS

HAVE CONTRIBUTED TOWARDS THE PROPAGATING CHRISTIAN KNOWLEDGE IN THE PLANTATIONS [caption title]. [Np, but probably London. 1700]. 3pp. printed on a folded sheet. Folio.

Some soiling on final blank page. Overall a very good copy, untrimmed. In a large folding paper board case.

A rare printed circular letter written by Bray immediately upon his return from Maryland. Founder of the Society for the Promotion of Christian Knowledge, Bray was engaged in the important work of establishing parochial libraries in the colonies. In 1695 he was appointed by the governor of Maryland to assist in dividing the province into parishes. While waiting for a new act to be passed, he spent time looking for missionaries to be sent to the province. He found that he could enlist only poor men unable to buy books, and he seems to have made the provision of parochial libraries a condition of his going to Maryland. He was responsible for establishing no less than thirty-nine libraries in North America, the first being that at Annapolis. It was felt that he could do greatest service to the church in Maryland if he returned to England to have the law, which had run into several difficulties, enacted. The opening words of the present letter reflect a sense of urgency: “Being apprehensive that my so sudden Return for England, may occasion some misconstructions...I thought my self in duty...bound, to represent hereby a General View of those Reasons, which have induced me to make it so soon, and unexpectedly.” He then gives seven reasons for his return from Maryland: It is the joint request of the Clergy of MARY-LAND, who...urged me...that I should go over with the Law for England; not that the Quakers are openly, and the Papists more covertly, making efforts against the Establishment of our Church by false representations...That to impose upon them an Establish’d Maintenance for the Clergy, would be prejudicial to the interest of the Province, by obliging so many wealthy Traders to remove from thence. The Falsity of which they thought me best able to make appear, by means of my late Parochial Visitations, throughout the greatest part of the Province...by which...I shall be enabled to give an Account of the Names of all Heads of Families, and of the Religion and Morals of every individual Man, Woman and child, Freeman and Slave, White and Black, throughout MARY- LAND.

Bray speaks of the church in America as being but in its “infancy,” but goes on to mention the state of religion in Maryland, Pennsylvania, and the East and West Jerseys; and the success of parochial libraries in Pennsylvania, New York, New England, Carolina, Bermuda, and the Leeward Islands. He concludes with a summary of advances and achievements up to the time of the letter, particularly the advances made in educating the black population.

This letter is sometimes mistakenly considered an issue from Bradford’s New York press (see Evans), but the statements herein make it more probable that it was printed in England after Bray’s return in 1700. A rare and important work.

SABIN 7478. EUROPEAN AMERICANA 700/28. WING 4293A. EVANS 903. BAER MARYLAND 197. $5000.

Important Early Map of the Carolinas 111. Mortier, Pierre: CARTE GENERAL DE LA CAROLINE. DRESSE

SUR LES MEMOIRES LE PLUS NOUVEAUX PAR LE SIEUA [sic] S***. Amsterdam: P. Mortier, [1700]. Copper-engraved map, with full original color. Sheet size: 23¾ x 19½ inches. Very good.

A fine copy of the first map of the Carolinas to be printed outside of England, including an inset of Charleston with the names and positions of early plantations along the Ashley and Cooper rivers, present here in the first state.

This map was included as part of Pierre Mortier’s Suite de Neptune François, published in Amsterdam in 1700, and often incorrectly attributed to Nicolas Sanson. It is directly derived from the extremely rare A New Map of Carolina of 1685 by John Thornton, Robert Morden, and Philip Lea. All topographical details are identical to those of its antecedent; however, most of the place names have been Gallicized. Also, “The table of settlers” has been omitted in favor of the title caption. Amusingly, a “Charle Ville ou Charles Towne” appears written in large letters near Cape Fear, while the actual Charles Towne is labeled in small letters further down the coast. The present map includes an inset detail of Charleston and the Cooper and Ashley rivers, with the names and positions of various early plantations marked along their banks.

“Carolina was established in 1663 when Charles II granted the province to eight favorites, known as the Lord Proprietors, who had helped him regain the throne of England. The original grant included the territory between the 31st degree to 36½ degrees north latitude, from Jekyll Island, Georgia, to Curritiuck Inlet, North Carolina.

Two years later, the tract was enlarged to include the land between the 29th and the 31st degrees north latitude, thus adding a large portion of Florida. The grant extended west to the Pacific Ocean” – Degrees of Latitude (p.93).

BURDEN, MAPPING OF NORTH AMERICA 767. CUMMING, THE SOUTHEAST IN EARLY MAPS 120. KOEMAN, ATLANTES NEERLANDICI IV, M.Mor 7-33. $6500.

“....the earliest systematic work on trade and commerce...”

112. Roberts, Lewes: THE MERCHANTS MAP OF COMMERCE:

WHEREIN THE UNIVERSAL MANNER AND MATTER RELATING TO TRADE AND MERCHANDIZE, ARE FULLY TREATED OF.... London: Printed for Thomas Horne, 1700. [4],431,[15],67, [1]pp. Folio. Modern calf, leather label. Contemporary ownership inscriptions and bookplate. Some foxing and tanning to the text, but overall in very nice condition. A very good copy.

The fourth edition of “the earliest systematic work on trade and commerce published in the English language” – Sabin. Roberts’ work is truly global in scope, addressing issues of trade to all parts of the known world, including the Americas, Europe, Asia, and Africa. He offers much practical advice on engaging in commerce abroad, discussing specific goods, fees, customs, payment systems, weights and measures, accountkeeping, and much more. The section on trade in the Americas deals primarily with Mexico and Peru, but also discusses Virginia and Florida, as well as fishing in Newfoundland and trade with the Caribbean. The final sixty-seven pages of the book are entitled Advice Concerning Bills of Exchange and address exchange rates between cities and countries, which would have been very valuable information to traders of the time.

The work also contains an extensive index, as well as a table giving longitude and latitude of all the principal cities mentioned in the text. Lewes Roberts (1596-1640) worked in commerce and trade for most of his life, as a factor and later a director of the East India Company, where he began working in 1617, and also as an employee of the Levant Company in Constantinople. Roberts dedicates his work to the governors of both those companies.

This copy from the library of the Earl of Orrey, with his signature on a slip on the front pastedown and his armorial bookplate on verso of the titlepage. A very nice copy of this landmark work on worldwide commerce.

EUROPEAN AMERICANA 700/234. SABIN 71909. WING R1601. ESTC R1436.

KRESS 2261. DNB XVI, p.1274. $4000.

Our firm is offering for sale a limited number of complete runs of our catalogues, from number 1 (published in 1980) to number 270.

Approximately ten of the catalogues are in photocopied facsimile; the balance are in the original printed or pictorial wrappers. $1650.