Loyola University • New Orleans • Volume 93 • Issue 26 • May 1, 2015
THE MAROON FOR A GREATER LOYOLA
To whom it may concern After a letter from an unconfirmed source is distributed around campus raising concerns about faculty course load, Loyola administrators respond By Colleen Dulle Mcdulle@loyno.edu @Colleen_Maroon
During the week of April 19, a letter emblazoned with the heading “Your Loyola education is under attack” began circulating campus. The letter, signed “Concerned Loyola Faculty,” claimed that Loyola was considering shifting faculty from teaching six courses per year to eight. When asked if this claim was true, Marc Manganaro, provost and vice president for academic affairs, and Maria Calzada, dean of the College of Humanities and Natural Sciences, simultaneously replied “no.” “There’s no recommendation at all to go to a generalized four-four teaching load,” Calzada said, referring to a system in which all professors teach four courses per semester. Calzada is the chairperson of a sub-committee under the Presidential Advisory Group to Develop a Long-Term Financial Equilibrium Plan. Her sub-committee examines faculty workloads and efficiency. Currently, the faculty handbook states that tenured or tenure track faculty, called ordinary faculty, teach a maximum of four classes per semester, comprised of a maximum of three different courses. Manganaro said that for several years there has been a provision to release ordinary professors from one course per semester so that they have time to conduct research outside of class. He and Calzada emphasized that the committee examining faculty workload is considering many different ideas, and that none of these ideas have been finalized. “I would just caution people not
to assume that if there is an idea that one has heard of as something that is being discussed, like for example, having some faculty teach a fourfour course load as a possibility, that people not assume that that is a done deal,” Manganaro said. “Nothing is a done deal,” Calzada replied. Linda Carroll, a member of the American Association of University Professors’ governing council and Tulane Italian professor, said that any change in faculty course load can raise opposition from faculty members. Carroll said that there are two main issues with possibly changing the faculty’s workload. The first is that faculty choose to work at universities where the workload aligns with their personal teaching goals. Changing this may cause faculty members to want to leave the university. “There’s a way in which you would have been attracting faculty to one kind of academic life with one kind of profile, and people have made those choices and built their careers on those choices. At a certain point saying, ‘no, we want something else,’ that could lose you a lot of good faculty members,” Carroll said. She also stated that faculty members may be concerned that they do not have enough of a voice in the process of making these changes, especially if, like at Loyola, the committee deciding on faculty workload was ultimately appointed by university administrators. It is ultimately unclear whether the letter distributed around campus was actually written by Loyola faculty members. The letter’s sender set up an email account but could
PROVOST SPEAKS OUT ON FISCAL FUTURE
See EDITORIAL, page 10
not provide evidence that the Maroon deemed convincing to verify their identities. Connie Rodriguez, vice chairperson of the university senate, the governing body of the faculty, said that she had nothing to do with the letter. “What this document says is a flat-out lie,” she said. She recounted having seen Loyola through two other crises similar to its current financial situation, and that both times the faculty rose to the occasion, even teaching a summer session without pay after having been paid through the semester when Loyola closed for Hurricane Katrina. “What everybody did in the ‘90s and what everybody did in Katrina was they put their big kid pants on and they took on teaching overloads, and we took on doing extra things to help the university get by,” Rodriguez said. She stated that should professors leave in the event of a workload increase, Loyola would easily be able to find younger professors to take their places. “If you think about it, the university could hire one person to take the place of two people who are only getting a two-two load. That’s going to save the university money,” Rodriguez said. Manganaro said that Calzada’s committee is looking into whether ordinary faculty members are really teaching their three-three course load, along with other concerns such as class sizes, to develop a plan that is equitable for faculty, efficient financially, and ultimately provides the best learning environment possible for students.
SPORTS TAKES A LOOK AT THE YEAR’S SUCCESSES
See SPORTS, page 9 LOYOLAMAROON.COM • FB.COM/THELOYOLAMAROON • @LOYOLA_MAROON
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NEWS
May 1, 2015 THE MAROON
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Courtesy of Kyle Encar
Shawn Kelly (left), president of the Commuter Student Association and sociology sophomore, and Mathew Holloway (right), president of the Black Student Union and sociology junior, receive the Outstanding Student Program award from Heather Seaman (middle), director of co-curricular programs, at the Magis Awards on April 28. They received this award for their “Our Lives Matter” program last semester.
Students recognized for leadership at Magis Awards By Lauren Saizan and Marie Simoneaux lesaizan@loyno.edu masimone@loyno.edu @Lauren_Maroon @mariesimoneaux
On Tuesday, April 28 in Nunemaker Auditorium, the crowd rose to its feet to give a standing ovation to Annette Tate, Sodexo worker, as she won the Outstanding Staff Member Award at the 2015 Magis Student Leadership Awards. “I was just grateful, really and truly grateful because I try to give the
service that I can. I wasn’t expecting anything from it, just to make everybody comfortable, you know, when they come to eat, and to let them know that I care,” Tate said. In the 33rd year of the Magis Student Leadership Awards, students, faculty and staff gathered to find out which members of the Loyola community, out of nearly 100 applications, won the awards. Caitlin Dobson, assistant director of leadership and student engagement, said they received more nominations this year than they ever have before. “The Magis Award applications
go live every spring and stay open for a month. Once the nominations are collected, we ensure eligibility of candidates. Once this is finished, I would say that we normally receive anywhere between 75 to 105 nominations per year. This year, we had 99 nominations, which is an increase from previous years,” Dobson said. Dobson said that every year, the Magis Student Leadership Award Committee, made up of Loyola faculty and staff, use the same rubrics to grade each nominee and compare scores to determine the winners.
“I would say that the most challenging part of this process is realizing that we cannot award every student that applies. We receive wonderful nominations each year, but ultimately, there can only be one winner selected for each category,” Dobson said. Lauren Poiroux, sociology junior, said she was honored and humbled to receive the Janet Mary Riley Award. “There’s a lot of people here who are really passionate about pursuing women’s equality and working with feminism, so I know there was probably a lot of other nominees
who are probably amazing, but I’m really excited. I’m really honored and humbled and totally overjoyed to have been given this award,” Poiroux said. Dobson said that the most exciting and surprising part of choosing Magis Award winners is being able to learn more about the students who are nominated. “Reading over the nominations and discovering what an impact our students are making at Loyola and in the larger community is so inspiring. We truly have some of the most remarkable students,” Dobson said.
Bateman public relations team heads to national finals By Sidney Holmes smholmes@loyno.edu @sidneymajee
Loyola’s Bateman team has had a long history of success, and this year’s team is no different with their placement in the national finals. The Bateman team has been in the top three of Public Relations Student Society of America’s Bateman Case Study Competition for 13 of the past 14 years, and they have won more than any university in the country. Their latest campaign, “Geaux Home,” was put together by the team in partnership with the Home Matters Movement to promote the importance of having a home. The Bateman team convinced Mayor Mitch Landrieu to declare Feb. 24 “Home Matters” Day. They also hosted events like the Geaux Sleepover, where students could learn what it’s like to live without a
home for a night. NiRey Reynolds, Bateman team member and mass communication senior, said that they had to beat out countless competitors to make it to the top three. “I am so proud of all of us for making it to this point because it was truly a team effort,” Reynolds said. The Bateman team’s competitors in the finals are the University of Florida and the University of South Carolina. Cathy Rogers, Bateman team adviser, said that Loyola’s team has a chance of winning even though the other schools are bigger. “You can measure your success based on your objectives that were based on research, and that’s the reason we’ve always been in the top three, and often been in first place, because they do a really good job of that,” Rogers said. Rogers said that preparing for the competition involves a lot of prac-
tice, and that the team puts in many hours while also dealing with the pressure of finals. “While it’s so exciting to be in the top three, it’s a lot of work,” Rogers said. The competition will be in Chicago, and Rogers said she is excited for any outcome. “I’m going to be very happy regardless of the place they achieve because I know that it’s been a really meaningful campaign in New Orleans, and I think they’ve done their best,” Rogers said. Kenneth Motley, Bateman team member and mass communication senior, said that he will be proud of his journey with the Bateman team regardless of what happens in Chicago. “Our hard work reflects our success. I am very proud of the team,” Motley said.
ALANAH HARRIS / The Maroon
Martin Quintero (left), mass communication senior, Kenneth Motley (middle), mass communication senior, and Katie Collier (right), mass communication senior, rehearse their presentation on April 29 for the Bateman Finals. Loyola’s Bateman team will be one of three schools presenting at the finals in Chicago on May 7.
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RELIGION
May 1, 2015 THE MAROON
RELIGION BRIEFS Pope Francis abruptly ends the investigation into LCWR Pope Francis has ended the investigation into and upheaval of the Leadership Conference of Women Religious that Pope Benedict XVI founded in 2012. According to The New York Times, this investigation into the American nuns’ central leadership group was supposed to last two more years. It was started to examine the teachings of this group, rumored to have strayed from Catholic doctrine regarding all-male priesthood, birth control and the place of Jesus in the faith. Francis’ reconciliation with the LCWR joins other reformations he is working on in the Church. He is also improving the Vatican’s administration and created a council to deal with clergy sexual abuses.
Residence Hall Association hosts annual Mass and Pancakes Courtesy of Ted Dziak
Iggy Vols, along with the members of Loyola’s baseball team, visited Belize from Dec. 27 to Jan. 5 to help and serve the local people. Each year, Iggy Vols visit underdeveloped countries to help the underpriviliged by teaching different classes such as math, English and arts and crafts.
Iggy Vols will spend summer abroad By Skyllarr Trusty sitrusty@loyno.edu @skyllarrtrusty
While other Loyola students prepare for finals week, Katalina Mananghaya prepares to occupy her summer vacation with a monthlong service in Dangriga, Belize. “I initially wanted to be part of Ignacio Volunteers because I thought I had a lot to give,” Mananghaya, political science sophomore, said. A band of nine Ignacio Volunteers are going to serve in Jamaica May 11-20, while another group will serve in Belize from July 20 through August 11. Diana Nguyen, biological sciences junior, attended the Jamaica winter trip in 2014 and said it was a worthwhile experience. “Ignacio Volunteer is a program where we travel to Jamaica or Belize to learn more about their culture,
work with those that are impoverished and challenged, and learn more about ourselves,” Nguyen said. Mananghaya said that her main motive in taking the trip is to learn from the experience. “We will be running a summer camp with class in the morning and sports in the afternoon,” Mananghaya said. “We are there to learn from one another and have fun together.” Heather Malveaux, coordinator of international immersion programs, regularly attends the Jamaica trips. She said that the students are enthusiastic about the upcoming trips. “They have spent the entire semester learning about the countries they are traveling to, building community and fundraising,” Malveaux said. “The goal of all Ignacio Volunteer programs are to learn and to serve. Volunteers learn about the
political, social, economic and cultural conditions in each country, and they go to serve those that are of the greatest need-children and the elderly.” Malveaux said that there are spiritual aspects to the trips as well. “I’ve witnessed students deepen their spirituality and their connection to God, their peers and the world on these trips,” Malveaux said. Mananghaya has prepared for her experience in Belize through studying Belizean culture and teaching methods with The Rev. Ted Dziak, S.J., vice president for Mission and Ministry and director of the Jesuit Center, and Joe Goddu, A’08. “Our team has weekly meetings where we learn about the politics, culture and the land of Belize. We are also learning about how to be effective and efficient teachers, and it gives us time to bond as a team. Both Fr. Ted Dziak and Joe Goddu
have been tremendous in the preparation process,” Mananghaya said. Nguyen said that she hopes that the summer volunteers love the experience as much as she did. She advises students to remain open-minded to all possibilities. “It’s best to not have expectations because you don’t really know what’s going to happen or what you might feel until you actually experience it,” Nguyen said. “Immerse yourself into what you do and with your group to get the best experience that you can have.” Mananghaya said that, ultimately, she is excited for the experience. “For me, the goal is to learn with a great bunch of kids, both the kids in Belize and our team from Loyola,” Mananghaya said. “I’m sure my perspective will be more developed after the trip. I don’t see this trip as giving up my summer. If anything, it’s what I’m looking forward to the most.”
Loyola will hold Baccalaureate Mass for seniors By Starlight Williams slwillia@loyno.edu @star_lightw
Before seniors walk across the graduation stage, they have the opportunity to attend their final service at the Baccalaureate Mass. The Baccalaureate Mass is an annual Mass celebrated the day before commencement. The Mass will be held Friday, May 8 at 4 p.m. in the University Sports Complex. While graduating seniors are not required to attend the Mass, Ken Weber, university minister, said that the Mass is important because it gives graduates a chance to express gratitude for their Loyola experience
and for God. “The Mass signifies God’s love for us through the life, death and resurrection of Jesus. Celebrating Mass, which is fundamentally a communal act of gratitude, signifies Loyola’s commitment to preserving this orientation toward the magis in our graduates, their families and the entire Loyola community,” Weber said. Patricia J. Calzadilla, graduating business mangement senior, said that she is looking forward to the Mass. “I haven’t been to one yet, but I believe that it’s something that represents the culmination of my time here. It signifies the values I have instilled in myself in the past four years and how I’m going to carry
them with me now that my time here is over,” Calzadilla said. Denise Powell, graduating biological sciences senior, said that the Mass is a great way for the class to connect before graduation day. “After attending my own at my all-girls Catholic high school, I think it’s a more intimate way to come together as a collegiate community and realize how far we’ve come as a class,” Powell said. According to Weber, the Mass progresses as normal with the exception of music provided by a professional choral and instrumental ensemble from the College of Music and Fine Arts. It also includes the presentation of the Ignatian Awards for Outstanding Undergraduate
Male and Female and Graduate Student. “St. Ignatius may say that the greatest Jesuit value of all is the fundamental value of loving God. The graduates’ main function in the Mass is to participate the way all people who celebrate Mass participate — by responding, singing and praying,” Weber said. Weber said he wants the Mass to give graduates and their guests a sense of joy before they leave Loyola. “I hope they will take away a spiritual feeling of joy and gratitude for the many blessings that God has bestowed on all of us that have culminated in this special event in all of our lives,” Weber said.
On May 3, the Residence Hall Association is celebrating the last Mass of the school year with a Harry Potter-themed Mass and Pancakes. Yunuen Cacique-Borja, RHA programming chair and psychology senior, said school spirit was a main motivator behind this semester’s theme. “We decided on the Harry Potter theme because Loyola’s quidditch team attended the World Cup this year and we thought it would be a fun way to back the pack,” Cacique-Borja said. The Mass will be held at 9 p.m. in the Audubon Room. After Mass, Dining Services will provide french toast to people in the Orleans Room. Cacique-Borja hopes that students come to help close out the school year. The celebration will also include music and free t-shirts.
WYES to air documentary on the history of the Holy Trinity Cathedral WYES, local television station, will air its new documentary “Greeks in New Orleans: 150 Years of Holy Trinity” at 7 p.m. on May 7. This documentary will feature the history of the Holy Trinity Cathedral, the first Greek Orthodox cathedral in the western hemisphere. Aislinn Hinyup, WYES promotion manager, said that as the people of Greece migrated to New Orleans, they looked to preserve their heritage, customs and faith. To do this, they established the Holy Trinity Cathedral in 1864 in the city, and it now serves Greek Orthodox families across the area. It is also home to the annual Greek Festival, which will begin May 22.
May 1, 2015 THE MAROON
WORLDVIEW
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WORLDVIEW BRIEFS Public high school graduation rates rise High school graduation rates are on a steady increase in Louisiana. Since the 2006-07 school year, graduation rates have been increasing in public high schools throughout Louisiana, going up 8 percent. In 2014, about three-fourths of public high school students graduated on time, breaking a record. The increase in graduation rates has had a positive effect on Louisiana colleges. 59 percent of the class of 2014 from the Orleans Recovery School District went to college straight out of high school. Many of those graduates ended up at universities in Louisiana. The top school that 2014 graduates enrolled in was LSU. John White, education superintendent, said that the increase in graduation rates is due to the hard work and dedication of teachers, principals, and families. Courtesy of Women’s New Life Center
Runners race to the finish line in the Born to Run 5k, held by the Woman’s New Life Center. The annual race is used to raise funds to support programs that help women at the center.
Local 5k supports women’s center ByRaquel Derganz Baker rsdergan@loyno.edu @Raqui_Road
For veteran runner Rachel Quintana, the Born to Run 5K is not just a way to support fitness, fun and prolife work; it’s also a family tradition. “My family and I have run the Born to Run race every year since 2012,” Quintana said. “I love that the race supports the amazing, life affirming organization Women’s New Life Center in their mission to promote the love and dignity of human life.” The Woman’s New Life Center, where women can receive counseling and medical care, will hold their annual Born to Run 5K on May 9. Born to Run has been one of the
Woman’s New Life Center sources of fundraising since 2011. Born to Run Coordinator Melissa Wender said that the money earned from the fundraiser benefits the women at the center. “Funds raised help the Woman’s New Life Center provide programs and services that offer nurturing solutions for women experiencing unplanned pregnancy, reproductive health issues or pregnancy loss,” Wender said. Services provided by the center include pregnancy testing, professional counseling for women and adoption facilitation. According to Wender, there are no age requirements or limits for participation. “Everyone at any age or fitness level is welcome to participate, run-
ners and walkers alike. And strollers, we have prizes for Top Stroller Finishers. We offer a 1-mile fun run as well,” Wender said. Katie Richard, communications coordinator for the Woman’s New Life Center, said the center runs strictly on private donations. “An event such as Born to Run plays a large part in helping us provide a variety of programs and services,” Richard said. “The funds raised benefit the women and families in Southeast Louisiana, and so any money raised through Born to Run New Orleans directly aids those in the same area.” Richard said she hopes runners not only take away an awareness of who Woman’s New Life Center is but also the passion they have for their ministry.
“We hope people see Born to Run as an invitation to join our ministry, to join in a beautiful effort that helps and heals so many women,” Richard said. Quintana said that she is grateful for the warm and open environment that is found at the Woman’s New Life Center. “When I enter the doors of Women’s New Life Center, I truly feel a sense of peacefulness and goodness. It is awesome to be in such a life giving and loving place. The people who work there genuinely care about each and every person who walks in the door,” Quintana said. “As a woman, it’s an amazing feeling to know that people care that much. It’s a powerful place.”
LSU considers filing academic bankruptcy Public colleges in Louisiana faced with cuts from the state may have the option to raise tuition and fee rates thanks to lawmaker’s proposals. The house and senate education committees approved bills that would allow college system management boards to set their own individual tuition and fees instead of allowing Louisiana Legislature to make the decision. Budget gaps due to state cuts are the main issue that higher education leaders are pushing the legislation. Gov. Bobby Jindal’s budget proposal would try to cut and finance higher education to help close a $1.6 billion budget shortfall starting July 1. Colleges face a decrease in $600 million next year, which would reduce college systems’ state financing by 80 percent.
Tensions in Baltimore calm down after curfew BALTIMORE (AP) — Schools reopened across the city and tensions seemed to ease Wednesday after Baltimore made it through the first night of its curfew without the widespread violence many had feared. With 3,000 police and National Guardsmen keeping the peace and preventing a repeat of the looting and arson that erupted on Monday, April 27 the citywide, 10 p.m.-to-5 a.m. curfew ended with no reports of disturbances. Baltimore’s school system opened and after-school sports and other activities were set to resume. Monday’s riots began when high schools let out for the day and students clashed with police near a major bus transfer point. Activists stressed that they will continue to press for answers in the case of Freddie Gray, the 25-yearold black man whose death from a spinal-cord injury under mysterious circumstances while in police custody set off the riots. A few dozen protesters gathered
outside the office of Baltimore’s top prosecutor to demand swift justice. Organizers say they are rallying in support of State’s Attorney Marilyn Mosby, who took office in January and pledged during her campaign to address aggressive police practices. Mosby’s office is expected to get a report from police on Friday, May 12. She will then face a decision on whether and how to pursue charges against the six police officers who arrested Gray. In an interview broadcast Wednesday on “The Steve Harvey Morning Show,” President Barack Obama said the riots show that police departments need to build more trust in black communities. The president also said underlying problems such as poor education, drugs and limited job opportunities must be addressed. Courtesy of Associated Press
A man is arrested for violating city mandated curfew in Baltimore, Maryland. Baltimore was placed under a curfew on April 28 due to aggressive protests in wake of the death of Freddie Gray.
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THE MAROON
WORLDVIEW BRIEF Lethal drug under scrutiny
May 1, 2015
7.8 magnitude earthquake dismantles Nepal
OKLAHOMA CITY (AP) - Attorneys for several Oklahoma death row inmates are appealing to the U.S. Supreme Court to outlaw a sedative that is used in the process of lethal injection. The appeal is a result of a failed lethal injection one year earlier. The ruling could force several states to use alternative means in the process of lethal injection. The drug under scrutiny is called midazolam. It is the first part of a first of three-drug combination. Clayton Lockett struggled in pain through a 43-minute execution on April 29, 2014 before Oklahoma prison officials had to stop the process. Arizona, Florida, Ohio and Oklahoma are the four states that use midazolam in lethal injection. Louisiana, Alabama, and Virginia are three states that allow the use of midazolam but have never gone through an execution using the drug. Obtaining execution drugs from pharmaceutical companies has been increasingly difficult for the states where lethal injection is legal. States have passed laws preventing important information about the drugs from the public. Associated Press
Residents work to clear debris and damage from the earthquake in Sakhu, Nepal. A magnitude 7.8 earthquake hit Nepal on Saturday, April 25. The earthquake originated outside the capital city of Kathmandu and has been followed by a series of powerful aftershocks. More than 5,000 people have died in the disaster. Saturday’s quake was more powerful than the 7.0 earthquake that shook Haiti in 2010. Nepal’s worst recorded earthquake in 1934 measured 8.0 and all but destroyed much of the country’s largest cities. Helicopters finally brought food, temporary shelter and other aid to hamlets north of Kathmandu in the mountainous Gorkha District near the epicenter of Saturday’s 7.8-magnitude quake. Entire clusters of homes were reduced to piles of stone and splintered wood.
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May 1, 2015 THE MAROON
Life &Times
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Film • Arts • Food • Music • Leisure • Nightlife
TEACHERS AFTER HOURS A peek into what professors do after class
Students say farewell to retiring music professor By Sam Eroche seeroche@loyno.edu
Many people in the Loyola College of Music and Fine Arts are singing the blues at the news that Joseph G. Hebert Jr, “Doc,” will retire at the end of the semester. Hebert has spent five decades at Loyola as a professor of music and band director with numerous accolades to his name, including his membership in the prestigious American Bandmaster’s Association and his work under multiple orchestras across the country. However, Hebert explained that he could forego all the honors he has earned over the years and still feel accomplished in life. “The biggest compliment I can get is when I find out a student is doing really well because that’s what we work for, the students first, and that has nothing to do with all of these other honors,” Hebert said. Along with teaching and performing, Hebert enjoys tinkering in his workshop and spending time on the water in his boat and scuba diving. Hebert said he values the calm and isolation under the water while diving. “First of all, there’s no phone. Second of all, there’s no music. Third of all, there’s no students, so I can really be secluded,” Hebert said. Joanna Izaguirre, music education junior, said that Hebert has made all the difference in her education at Loyola. “With all that Doc has done, I have so much to bring with me after college,” Izaguirre said. Desiree Robinson, music composition freshman and Hebert’s student secretary, said Hebert has played an influential role throughout her first year at Loyola. “He has guided and encouraged me to be a better person in various ways,” Robinson said. Herbert said that the quality of Loyola students’ musicianship has only increased as the years progress, and approximately 4,000 young musicians honed their craft under his guidance. “I’ve been offered other jobs, very good-paying jobs, but I’m a New Orleans boy. That’s it. I go to other cities to do clinics, to do honor groups, and I’m so glad to get home,” Hebert said. “This is home. This is where I want to stay.” According to Herbert, he is not going anywhere anytime soon. He will continue serving as a tuba instructor and playing with the faculty brass quintet. In addition, he will make himself available to the new band director to advise as needed. Overall, Hebert describes his career as one full of blessings. “I’ve had a chance to play both classical and commercial music. I’ve had a chance to teach and make a difference with young people, and it’s been a great life to do that,” Hebert said. “People ask me always about the 50 years and everything, and all I can tell you is that it’s been a great ride. I wouldn’t trade it for anything in the world.”
ZACH BRIEN/ The Maroon
Rachel Comeaux, sociology junior, reads a book aloud with a student from the Renew Cultural Arts Center during the Authors Reception held at Loyola on April 23. Mission Imprint helped students from the center produce their work in a class book.
Once upon a time... Elementary students went one step further than ‘Reading Rainbow’ and published their own stories with the help of Loyola students
By Kirsten Stewart knstewar@loyno.edu @kstewart818
Loyola honors students are helping children put pen to paper to write and publish their own bedtime stories. Mission Imprint is a program designed by students of the University Honors Program and the Renew Cultural Arts Center to help foster a love of reading in local children from grades K-2 who come from highly disadvantaged backgrounds. For 10 weeks, the young writers have been working with Mission Imprint to create their own book. On Thursday, April 23, the honors students hosted a reading for the completed book. The program received the National Collegiate Honors Council’s Portz Grant to fund the books’ printing cost, transportation for students to come to Loyola, and a writers’ celebration. Naomi Yavneh, director of the honors program, said that the purpose of Mission Imprint is to not only shape these
children into prosperous readers but writers as well. “In insisting that every child not just read but write, our program seeks to empower the children served by helping them to see themselves as published writers,” Yavneh said. According to Yavneh, by bringing this program to the Loyola community, not only does the honors program embrace the talents of New Orleans’ youth, but they also raise awareness about the literacy level in the city. “In New Orleans, 39 percent of the population 16 years and older cannot read at a fifth grade level. An additional 31 percent is reading below the eighth grade level. We know that students who fail the third grade tests are at higher risk to enter the ‘school to prison pipeline,’ and we want to help them before they have a chance to fail,” Yavneh said. Shravya Sanagala, psychology pre-health senior, said she joined because of the opportunities provided by the honors program and said that her work with the students is very fulfilling. “I have loved the program
mainly because of the kids we were privileged to work with. Their imagination is something that can be admired by all ages. To see excitement from a child creating something is really exciting,” Sanagala said. Rachel Comeaux, program leader and sociology junior, said she was proud of all the hard work the kids put forth and the excitement they expressed at the reception. “My favorite moment was watching the children find their stories in the book and seeing the excitement in their eyes when they realized that their writings and their drawings were published,” Comeaux said. Even though Mission Imprint will not be continuing the project next year, Comeaux said that the volunteers will continue assisting the literacy center at the school. “We were able to do this project because of the grant we received, but that was a one time thing. So next semester, we will be going back to our original role as volunteers,” Comeaux said.
THE W RKS
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May 1, 2015 THE MAROON
The Maroon's section of student art. Contribute at letter@loyno.edu
FICTION Original stories written by Loyola students
“She Would Have Wanted It This Way”
“Mama’s Favorite Song” Krik Krak. That was the start of the only song I knew. Mama didn’t sing because ‘there was never anything to sing about’. Krik Krak. I would hear the rickety floor boards above me and wait for the black eyed men with trees for arms to come down and carry the next swimmer away… I wanted to be the next swimmer so bad, but Mama told me never to say that because then I would spoil the game… Because then when my turn came, it wouldn’t be as fun.
“She Would Have Wanted It This Way” Olivia Wells, studio art sophomore
“Lake Avenue”
“Lake Avenue” Melanie Potter, mass communication senior
DOWN
1. Drill user, briefly 2. River inlet 3. Endoscope user, briefly 4. Stuck
Kraaaak!!! Mama broke her promise.
“Mama’s Favorite Song” Kerrit Saintal, psychology senior
SUDOKU
ACROSS
1. Crowd in Berlin? 5. Baptizes, say 9. Ever so slightly 13. “Handsomest of all the women,” in an 1855 epic 15. What a “B” may mean 17. Modern mining targets 18. U Nu’s country 19. “Let Sleeping Vets Lie” author 21. Like the ruins of Chichén Itzá 24. Back-to-back contests? 25. Large vessel 26. Bibliography note 27. 410-year-old Siberian city 28. Ever so 29. __ de canard: duck feathers used to tie fishing flies 30. Fertilization target 31. “__ but known ...” 32. Ready signal 37. Level, e.g. 38. Life-of-the-party type 39. More than cool 40. Stitches 41. 1990 film that featured “Unchained Melody” on its soundtrack 43. Four times duo 44. Genesis 6 creation 45. Psalm 23 comforter 46. __ ring 47. Subject of the biopic “I Saw the Light” 50. Autobiography whose first chapter is “Nut Bush” 51. Rent 55. Suit 56. Always prepared 57. Film crew locales 58. Edit menu option 59. Blackened surface
She promised we’d swim together… Krik…trees for hands towered around me and Mama…
5. ‘80s pop duo with an exclamation point in its name 6. Removed with finesse 7. Hippie phenomenon 8. Scouts’ accessories 9. Some dict. entries 10. Overseas vacation, perhaps 11. Overseas farewell 12. Overseas thanks 14. South African-born Middle East diplomat 16. Smart 20. __ crossing: Canadian sign warning 21. Mineral whose name is Latin for “crumb” 22. Doctors 23. Canadian territorial capital 27. Sports bar array 28. Dict. spelling tag 30. Thimble Theatre name
31. Job, metaphorically 33. Desperate letters 34. Didn’t go off 35. Barfly 36. Take to excess 40. Indian title 41. Sporty Golf 42. Bikini option 43. How much freelance work is done 45. Goes for flies 46. Acting brother of Cuba Gooding Jr. 48. Grow together 49. Sol lead-in 52. Patient remark? 53. Nutritional stat. 54. One-handed Norse god
Puzzle answers for April 24, 2015
SPORTS
May 1, 2015 THE MAROON
9
A year in review
SPORTS BRIEFS Athletics program honors 102 student athletes The Loyola Athletics and Wellness Department honored 102 student athletes at the 11th Annual Scholar Athlete Awards Ceremony on Monday, April 20 in the St. Charles Room. The College of Business celebrated 40 student athletes, while the College of Humanities and Natural Sciences honored 38. The College of Social Sciences recognized 18 student athletes, and the College of Music and Fine Arts commended seven. The women’s golf team recorded the highest GPA for the 2014 calendar year, combining for an overall GPA of 3.264. The baseball team posted the highest team GPA for the men’s sports with a 3.204.
Track and Field finish in top five in the SSAC Championships The Loyola track and field team wrapped up the 2015 season with top five finishes from both the men’s and the women’s teams on Saturday, April 25 in Gulf Shores, Alabama. The men’s team finished fourth overall with a total of 98 points and the women finished third overall, tallying 77 points. The Pack once again broke the record books in the final meet of the season. Sophomore Christian Lynch recorded a new school record in the men’s 100m dash with a time of 10.83s. He also tied a record in the 200m dash with a time of 22.09s and established a record in the men’s triple jump with a jump of 13.36m. Freshman Evan Lowry topped his own record in the men’s 400m hurdles with a time of 56.5s. For the women, Precious Semien set a record in the 400m dash with a time of 57.4s, earning second place overall.
Baseball splits final game of the season against Brewton-Parker
Zach Brien/The Maroon
Megan Whittaker (top), accounting senior, Tyler Steele (left), music therapy junior, and Stacy Hollowell (right), head coach, have all had a significant impact on the success of their respective teams. The women’s basketball team became the first team in program history to win a conference championship. They finished the season 27-4. The Wolf Pack quidditch team was the first team in its history to compete in the Quidditch World Cup. The men’s basketball team improved their wins from six to 14 this season, getting a chance to compete in the conference tournament.
Athletics program will add new sports in 2016 By Taylor Ford tcford@loyno.edu @TaylorCFord
Sports teams can play a key role in the makeup of a university, so it’s no surprise Loyola will be adding three new varsity teams to their athletic department. In the 2016-17 academic year, Loyola’s athletic department will add swimming, competitive cheer and competitive dance as varsity athletic teams to their program. Brett Simpson, director of athletics and wellness, believes that these additional teams will increase the athletic department’s national presence and also foster more student participation in collegiate athletics.
“Adding these new programs will complement our already strong athletic department and help us become more visible locally as well as nationally. It will also allow us to grow from 150 students to 300 students by 2020,” Simpson said. Contrary to what most universities do when adding varsity athletic teams, Johnathan Wojciechowski, associate athletic director, said that Loyola will not be seeking to join a different athletic conference within the NAIA. “At this time the addition of these programs will not dictate any movement between conference or national association affiliation. Cheer and dance are recognized by the NAIA as an ‘emerging sport’. The SSAC has been at the forefront
of this movement, hosting several competitive cheer exhibitions at the conference level,” Wojciechowski said. For members of these current athletic teams, such as Imani Williams, cheerleading captain and English literature junior, being recognized as a varsity sport has been a goal for quite some time. “That was my ultimate goal, to get the cheerleading team to not only be noticed, but noticed in the most positive light possible. The process of creating a team that could be recognized by the university took some time and patience, but we made it happen by the grace of God,” Williams said. Though Williams will graduate prior to the cheerleading team’s in-
augural year as a varsity team, she is thrilled by the lasting impact she’s leaving on not only the school’s athletic program, but also on the current and future members of her team. “I believe the young women aspiring to be a part of the Loyola Wolfpack will get an amazing experience because this team was created with them in mind. That sounds a bit cliché; however, in taking on the task of being the captain of a team that was handed over to me in pieces, I knew my end goal was to take this team as is and turn it into a sport recognized by the university,” Williams said.
The Loyola baseball team split its final two games of the regular season against Brewton-Parker on Saturday, April 25. A strong pitching performance from starter Daniel Posway and a two-run home run from Britt Pellegrin in the second inning propelled the Wolf Pack to victory in the first game. The Barons scored one run in the top of the fifth, but that’s all they could muster against Posway. Pellegrin earns his third win of the season, moving to 3-0. In the second game, Mike Parker hit a two-run home run in the top of the first inning and another one in the fifth inning, each time breaking a tie and giving the Barons a tworun lead. Loyola responded with two runs in the bottom of the first inning. Nicholson drove in both Alexander Lorenzo and Jordan Wilson with a single up the middle to even the game at two runs apiece. The score remained even until the Barons scored in four straight innings to take a 6-2 lead over the Pack. The team finished with a 23-28 record (9-21 SSAC). This marks the second straight season that the Pack has won at least 20 games.
OPINION
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May 1, 2015 THE MAROON
ON THE RECORD
Staff and faculty speaking on important topics
Loyola seeks financial equilibrium HOWLS & GROWLS HOWL to Maroon and Gold GROWL to finals HOWL to summer internships GROWL to course evalutaions HOWL to being given nicknames by the Starbucks workers GROWL to tornados
EDITORIAL BOARD Mary Graci
Editor-in-Chief
Emily Branan
Managing Editor for Print
Rebeca Trejo
Managing Editor for Electronic Properties
Naasha Dotiwala
Design Chief
Kristen Stewart
Senior Staff Writer
Lauren Saizan
News Editor
Gabe Garza Starlight Williams Mark Robinson Zayn Abidin Zach Brien Linda Hexter Raymond Price
Worldview Editor Life & Times and The Works Editor Sports Editor Religion Editor Photo Editor Senior Staff Photographer Maroon Minute Coordinator
Lawson Box
Copy Editor
Starlight Williams
Wolf Editor
EDITORIAL POLICY The editorial on this page represents the majority opinions of The Maroon’s editorial board and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of Loyola University. Letters and columns reflect the opinions of the authors and not necessarily those of The Maroon’s editorial board. The Maroon does not represent the opinion of administration, staff and/or faculty members of Loyola. Letters are subject to editing for length, grammar and style. Please limit submissions to 400 words. Submissions are due no later than 4 p.m. the Sunday before publication. Please send all submissions — The Maroon, 6363 St. Charles Ave., Box 64, New Orleans, LA 70118. Email us your letters — letter@ loyno.edu. Submissions may also be made online at www.loyolamaroon.com.
As Loyola President Fr. Kevin Wm. Wildes stated recently in an email message to the campus community on April 8th, the Presidential Advisory Group to Develop a Long-term Financial Equilibrium Plan, with representatives from faculty, staff, the student body and our Board of Trustees, has for several weeks been meeting with our consultant Dr. Lucie Lapovsky in the effort to bring forward recommendations on how best to address and resolve the University’s budgetary challenges over the course of the next several years, while also fulfilling our mission of providing a transformative liberal arts education based on Jesuit ideals. I am sure that, like me, you are grateful for the collaborative nature of this process to date, and I want to stress that recommendations from the Advisory Group will be distributed to and considered by the entire University community before they are finalized and implemented. I want to thank the Advisory Group and Dr. Lapovsky for engag-
ing in this very important work. I also am grateful to the many other members of the Loyola community who are currently serving on the eight task forces that the Advisory Group has created. The task forces are now analyzing data and discussing numerous possible approaches to creating savings, promoting efficiencies, and producing additional revenue in areas and offices across our university. The work of the task forces includes, but is not limited to, focusing on how we can avoid replication of services, a review of all contracts issued by the University, analysis of faculty workload, proposals for revenue generation, and tuition pricing. It is important to stress that the work of the Advisory Group and task forces is ongoing, and that to date no recommendations of any kind have been delivered to Fr. Wildes. Dozens of ideas on how to move Loyola toward long-term financial equilibrium continue to be generated and discussed within the Ad-
visory Group and task forces. Once recommendations are issued by the Advisory Group and Dr. Lapovsky, the university administration will be transparent with the campus community and continue to consult our faculty, staff, and students regarding steps that will be taken to secure a sound financial future for our university. My thanks go to all of you who have contributed ideas so far, and I invite you to share more of your ideas and look forward to continuing collaboration.
Marc K. Manganaro, Ph.D. Provost and Vice President for Acadmeic Affairs
IN MY OPINION
Students sharing their opinions on topics
Hillary Clinton’s state department legacy is subtle, yet powerful TONY CHERAMIE Political science senior tjcheram@loyno.edu
Usually, politicians don’t have trouble spinning their own achievements, so it was bizarre that Hillary Rodham Clinton, when asked about her legacy at the State Department, had trouble articulating it. Her broad and generalized responses often feed the narrative that she may have been glamorous as Secretary of State but didn’t actually accomplish much. In fact, that assumption is dead wrong, for Clinton achieved a great deal and left a hefty impact on the world — just not the traditional kind. She didn’t craft a coalition of allies, like James Baker, one of the most admired former Secretaries of State. She didn’t seal a landmark peace agreement, nor is there a
recognizable, definite “Hillary Clinton doctrine.” No, her legacy is different. For starters, Clinton recognized and vociferously advocated for policy positions and trade pacts that would realign America’s economic future to be more focused on Asia than Europe, and she pushed hard to rebalance our relations with many Southeast Asian nations after a particularly cool Bush tenure. She may hide it, but interviews with her closest aides describe Clinton as a policy nerd. When asked about microfinance, sources from the New York Times say she’ll talk your ear off. Mention early childhood interventions, and she will go on about obscure details of a home visitation experiment in Elmira, New York that dramatically improved child education retention outcomes. More fundamentally, Clinton vastly expanded the diplomatic agenda. Diplomats have historically focused on “hard” issues, like trade and blowing up stuff, and so it may seem “soft” to fret about women’s
rights and economic development. Yet Clinton understood that impact and leverage in 21st century diplomacy often come by addressing poverty, the environment, education and family planning. It’s not that Clinton was a softie. She was often more hawkish than President Obama, favoring the surge in Afghanistan (a mistake, I believe) and the arming of moderate Syrian rebel groups — a good call, but one vetoed by the President. Clinton was relentless about using the spotlight that accompanied her to highlight the need to economically empower women and girls. At one global forum, she went out of her way to praise Muhammad Yunus, the Nobel Peace Prize-winning entrepreneur of microfinance, who was being persecuted by the Prime Minister of Bangladesh. The kidnapping of the Nigerian school girls in April was the kind of issue Clinton was out front of, and not only with a hashtag. She understood that educating girls isn’t a frilly “soft” issue but a way to transform a country to make it less hos-
pitable to extremists. No one argued more cogently that women’s rights are security issues. “Those who argue that her championing of outreach to women and girls and her elevation of development was not serious miss a central reality of international politics in this century,” notes Nicholas Burns in the Washington Post, undersecretary of state in the George W. Bush presidency. “These issues are now globally mainstream.” So, sure, critics are right that Hillary Rodham Clinton never achieved the kind of landmark peace agreement that would make the first sentence of her obituary. Instead, Hillary Clinton led the way in reshaping one of the fastest growing regions in the world, not just for women, but for virtually every vulnerable or marginalized group — a truly important legacy. And, besides, she may have grander dreams for the contents of her obituary.
May 1, 2015
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THE MAROON
EDITORIAL CARTOON
Courtesy of MCT Campus
IN MY OPINION
Students sharing their opinions on topics
Finding answers in unexpected places ADAM AL-BAARI English writing sophomore akalbaar@loyno.edu
To someone who is not a Muslim, the question of Islamic leadership can be a confusing one to answer. Who is the official authority on Islam? What is the correct way to interpret the Qur’an? Who do Muslims look to in times of religious turmoil? These questions are likely ones that even Muslims themselves may ask. I know because growing up in a Muslim household, the question I would often find myself asking my parents, when confronted with multiple interpretations of the same text, is who is right and who is wrong? In the Arab world, the official authority on Islamic interpretation is Saudi Arabia. This is the holiest geographic location for all Muslims, as Saudi Arabia is home to Mecca and Medina, the two holiest cities in Islam. The Saudi’s have their own very unique interpretation of Islam, called Wahhabism, which is the most orthodox and conservative interpretation of the Qur’an and Islamic scholarship and is deemed by many outside observers as fundamentalist in its teachings. Because Saudi Arabia is the birthplace of Islam, and one of the wealthiest Muslim countries on the planet, their religious influence is far-reaching. The most grandiose mosques and Muslim cultural centers in the world are Saudi-financed, and therefore Wahhabist in their interpretation of Islam. For westerners, it is likely that a non-Muslim’s
first encounter with Islam could be the most strict and orthodox interpretation of that religion. It is not enough to simply say that Wahhabism is a strict but harmless orthodox interpretation of Islam. On the contrary, taken out of its Saudi Arabian context, Wahhabism can be dangerous. People who are not familiar with the diversity of opinion in Islamic scholarship who adopt Wahhabism as their model of religious practice can often times become enthralled with fundamentalist thinking. I implore you to examine what is happening all over Western Europe. From Great Britain to Belgium, Islamic interpretation in the mainstream is becoming dominated with ultraconservative Wahhabist thought. The influence of Saudi Arabian and other Wahhabist countries like Pakistan are clashing dangerously with the values and beliefs of the secular European culture. Upon closer examination, one can find the true cause of this cultural tension. There is a place for Wahhabism. However, that place is not modern Europe or the western world. Saudi Arabia is allowed by the sovereignty of its statehood to practice whatever beliefs or interpretations it may have; however, exporting such beliefs in the form of funding religious centers and mosques can be problematic. The inability for many Muslims in Europe and other western countries to fully acclimate and blend with the dominate secular culture is the result of forces outside of that culture imposing their influence. What would seem like a natural solution would be to adapt and develop Islam within its European cultural context, rather than push against this transformation. But
the devout believers in any religion would argue that a religion should be kept pure, and that to bend to the will of a culture outside of itself would be nothing short of heresy. This line of thinking is one shared by not only devout Muslims but all religious ideologies. The idea of “we are right, and they are wrong” can quickly develop into “we are right, and they are sinful” and devolve into its final logical step “we are on the side of God, and they are on the side of sin.” This separatist thinking is the principal cause of cultural tension in the western world among Muslims who are influenced by Wahhabist thinking. There is no room for negotiations or compromise, as they are the chosen, ordained by God, and those against them are against the very word of God. When one examines the contemporary state of Islam in this way, it is easy to become cynical. How do you change the minds of people who believe their lifestyle is ordained by God, no matter how conflicting and out of place they may be in current society? The answer is you don’t. They must change their own minds first. The current president of Egypt, Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, made a historic speech in January of this year in which he called for a “religious revolution” in Islam, much like the social revolution of the Arab spring, in order to fight against extremism. He stated that, “It’s inconceivable that the thinking that we hold most sacred should cause the entire Islamic world to be a source of anxiety, danger, killing and destruction for the rest of the world.” He clarified by stating that he did not mean the religion of Islam itself, but rather, the “thinking” or interpretation
Courtesy of AP Exchange
of Islam that, in his mind and in the mind of many other moderate Muslims, has simply gone out of control. It is an unprecedented moment in time when a leader of a Muslim country calls for a reexamination of the Muslim faith. What, then, is the next move for the Muslim world? How will this “religious revolution” come about? One might examine other Muslim nations that are non-Wahhabist for answers; however, in Europe, it seems that one nation has already forced its answer on their Islamic population. Earlier this year, Austria passed a historic and controversial law banning all foreign aid to mosques and Islamic religious schools in their country. Austrian foreign Minister Sebastian Kurz stated that, “What we want is to reduce the political influence and control from abroad, and we want to give Islam the chance to develop freely within our
society and in line with our common European values.” Although many Muslim leaders in the country condemn the law for what they see as an unfair ruling, I believe this legislation could bring about the very “religious revolution” that el-Sisi believes will be the saving grace of modern Islam. If all Western countries adopted such a law, Islam could be given a chance to freely develop within the country, and acclimate to the nuances of each culture it finds itself in. Islam could finally be given a chance to evolve without the influence of Saudi Arabian Wahhabist, and become a religion that melds with the secular world instead of resisting against it.
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NEWS BRIEFS Faith in the Future reaches campaign milestone The Faith in the Future comprehensive fundraising campaign has reached $51 million out of the $100 million goal, marking just over the halfway point since the campaign commenced in October of 2014. James Shields, communications coordinator, said that the campaign goals will be met through the “hard work, consistency of purpose and focus,” and the combined efforts of faculty, staff, students, alumni, campaign volunteers and benefactors. “When successfully completed, our students will see increased scholarship support and enhanced athletic, educational and spiritual facilities that they deserve. Their teachers will benefit from additional resources to facilitate and expand their educational experiences. The whole focus of this campaign is the student and the student’s experience at Loyola,” Shields said.
Dziak and Sebastian take on new university roles New faces will be appearing in the Office of Mission and Ministry, with Ted Dziak, S.J., and Jonathan Sebastian filling new roles. Dziak, currently vice president of Mission and Ministry, will be the new University Chaplain of the Office of the Jesuit Center. His new duties will now be focusing
May 1, 2015
THE MAROON on connecting Loyola with other spiritual networks, providing students who are interested in living a religious life with the necessary resources to do so and to continue to provide Loyola with greater spiritual opportunities. Sebastian will be filling Dziak’s spot as Vice President for Mission and Ministry where he will be working with Mission and Ministry to plan and assist in facilitating spiritual contributions for Loyola. Sebastian said that he is very excited and welcoming to this new change from academics to Mission and Ministry, and that his work with the department before will allow him to grow further in that direction. “I would simply want to express my gratitude for the opportunity that has been offered to me through this position. Loyola is a special place,” Sebastian said.
Honors students raise money for Nepal Honors seniors are being given the chance to donate to Nepal relief efforts by giving the $10 that they would normally pay for their graduation stoles toward earthquake relief. The University Honors Program will pay for the stoles, giving seniors a chance to contribute to relief efforts. Honors students have also set up an Indiegogo campaign that will go toward relief efforts. As of April 29, the campaign had raised $115 in the course of three days.
ZACH BRIEN/ The Maroon
A maintenance worker clears the damage from the stage that crashed through a St. Charles Room window from the storm on Monday, April 27. The line of thunderstorms prompted campus officials to send out Shelter in Place text messages and tornado warnings, with campus officials announcing that the threat of tornados had passed at 11:30 a.m. that day. Other damage on campus included an uprooted tree in the Peace Quad, knocked over construction fencing and water bottles scattered across the Residential Quad from the Earth Day sculpture.
Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William James • Kant Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levinas • John Locke • Jean-François Lyotard • Maurice Merleau-Ponty • John Stewart Mill • G.E. Moore • Friedrich Nietzsche • Plato • W. V. Quine • Ayn Rand • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Jean-Paul Sartre • Arthur Schopenhauer • Benedict de Spinoza • Ludwig Wittgenstein • Peter Abelard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean Baudrillard • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William James • Kant Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levinas • John Locke • Jean-François Lyotard • Maurice Merleau-Ponty • John Stewart Mill • G.E. Moore • Friedrich Nietzsche • Plato • W. V. Quine • Ayn Rand • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Jean-Paul Sartre • Arthur Schopenhauer • Benedict de Spinoza • Ludwig Wittgenstein • Peter Abelard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean Baudrillard • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William James • Kant Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levinas • John ohn Locke • Jean-François Lyotard • Maurice Merleau-Ponty • John Stewart Mill • G.E. Moore • Friedrich Nietzsche • Plato • W. V. Quine • Ayn Rand • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Jean-Paul Sartre • Arthur Schopenhauer • Benedict de Spinoza • Ludwig Wittgenstein • Peter Abelard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean Baudrillard • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William James • Kant Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levinas • John Locke • Jean-François Lyotard • Maurice Merleau-Ponty • John Stewart Mill • G.E. Moore • Friedrich Nietzsche • Plato • W. V. Quine • Ayn Rand • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Jean-Paul Sartre • Arthur Schopenhauer • Benedict de Spinoza • Ludwig Wittgenstein • Peter Abelard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean Baudrillard • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William James • Kant Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levinas • John Locke • Jean-François Lyotard • Maurice Merleau-Ponty • John Stewart Mill • G.E. Moore • Friedrich Nietzsche • Plato • W. V. Quine • Ayn Rand • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Jean-Paul Sartre • Arthur Schopenhauer • Benedict de Spinoza • Ludwig Wittgenstein • Peter Abelard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean Baudrillard • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William James • Kant Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levinas • John Locke • Jean-François Lyotard • Maurice Merleau-Ponty • John Stewart Mill • G.E. Moore • Friedrich Nietzsche • Plato • W. V. Quine • Ayn Rand • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Jean-Paul Sartre • Arthur Schopenhauer • Benedict de Spinoza • Ludwig Wittgenstein • Peter Abelard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean Baudrillard • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William James • Kant Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levinas • John Locke • Jean-Françoi Jean-François Lyotard • Maurice Merleau-Ponty • John Stewart Mill • G.E. Moore • Friedrich Nietzsche • Plato • W. V. Quine • Ayn Rand • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Jean-Paul Sartre • Arthur Schopenhauer • Benedict de Spinoza • Ludwig Wittgenstein • Peter Abelard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean Baudrillard • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William James • Kant Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levina Levinas • John Locke • Jean-François Lyotard • Maurice Merleau-Ponty • John Stewart Mill • G.E. Moore • Friedrich Nietzsche • Plato • W. V. Quine • Ayn Rand • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Jean-Paul Sartre • Arthur Schopenhauer • Benedict de Spinoza • Ludwig Wittgenstein * Peter Abelard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean Baudrillard • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William James • Kant Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levinas • John Locke • Jean-François Lyotard • Maurice Merleau-Ponty • John Stewart Mill • G.E. Moore • Friedrich Nietzsche • Plato • W. V. Quine • Ayn Rand • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Jean-Paul Sartre • Arthur Schopenhauer • Benedict de Spinoza • Ludwig Wittgenstein • Peter Abelard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean ean Baudrillard • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William James • Kant Imman Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levinas • John Locke • Jean-François Lyotard • Maurice Merleau-Ponty • John Stewart Mill • G.E. Moore • Friedrich Nietzsche • Plato • W. V. Quine • Ayn Rand • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Jean-Paul Sartre • Arthur Schopenhauer • Benedict de Spinoza • Ludwig Wittgenstein • Peter Abelard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean Baudrillard • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray Irig • William James • Kant Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levinas • John Locke • Jean-François Lyotard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean Baudrillard • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes es • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger Hei • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William James • Kant Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levinas • John ohn Locke • Jean-François Lyotard • Maurice Merleau-Ponty • John Stewart Mill • G.E. Moore • Friedrich Nietzsche • Plato • W. V. Quine • Ayn Rand • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Jean-Paul Sartre • Arthur Schopenhauer • Benedict de Spinoza • Ludwig Wittgenstein • Peter Abelard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean Baudrillard Bau • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William James • Kant Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levinas • John Locke • Jean-François Lyotard • Maurice Merleau-Ponty • John Stewart Mill • G.E. Moore • Friedrich Nietzsche • Plato • W. V. Quine • Ayn Rand • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Jean-Paul Sartre • Arthur Schopenhauer • Benedict de Spinoza • Ludwig Wittgenstein • Peter Abelard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean Baudrillard • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William James • Kant Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levinas • John Locke • Jean-François Lyotard • Maurice Merleau-Ponty • John Stewart Mill • G.E. Moore • Friedrich Nietzsche • Plato • W. V. Quine • Ayn Rand • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Jean-Paul Sartre • Arthur Schopenhauer • Benedict de Spinoza • Ludwig Wittgenstein • Peter Abelard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean Baudrillard • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William lliam James • Kant Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levinas • John Locke • Jean-François Lyotard • Maurice Merleau-Ponty • John Stewart Mill • G.E. Moore • Friedrich Nietzsche • Plato • W. V. Quine • Ayn Rand • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Jean-Paul Sartre • Arthur Schopenhauer • Benedict de Spinoza • Ludwig Wittgenstein • Peter Abelard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean Baudrillard • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William James • Kant Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levinas • John Locke • Jean-François Lyotard • Maurice Merleau-Ponty • John Stewart Mill • G.E. Moore • Friedrich Nietzsche • Plato • W. V. Quine • Ayn Rand • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Jean-Paul Sartre • Arthur Schopenhauer • Benedict de Spinoza • Ludwig Wittgenstein • Peter Abelard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean Baudrillard • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William James • Kant Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levinas • John Locke • Jean-François Lyotard • Maurice Merleau-Ponty • John Stewart Mill • G.E. Moore • Friedrich Nietzsche • Plato • W. V. Quine • Ayn Rand • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Jean-Paul Sartre • Arthur Schopenhauer • Benedict de Spinoza • Ludwig Wittgenstein • Peter Abelard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean Baudrillard • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William James • Kant Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levinas • John Locke • Jean-François Lyotard • Maurice Merleau-Ponty • John Stewart Mill • G.E. Moore • Friedrich Nietzsche • Plato • W. V. Quine • Ayn Rand • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Jean-Paul Sartre • Arthur Schopenhauer • Benedict de Spinoza • Ludwig Wittgenstein • Peter Abelard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean Baudrillard • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William James • Kant Immanuel • Julia Kristeva • Lao Tzu • Emmanuel Levinas • John Locke • Jean-François Lyotard • Maurice Merleau-Ponty • John Stewart Mill • G.E. Moore • Friedrich Nietzsche • Plato • W. V. Quine • Ayn Rand • Jean Jacques Rousseau • Jean-Paul Sartre • Arthur Schopenhauer • Benedict de Spinoza • Ludwig Wittgenstein • Peter Abelard • Theodor Adorno • Thomas Aquinas • Hannah Arendt • Aristotle • Augustine • Francis Bacon • Roland Barthes • Georges Bataille • Jean Baudrillard • Simone de Beauvoir • Walter Benjamin • George Berkeley • Judith Butler • Albert Camus • Noam Chomsky • Hélène Cixous • Gilles Deleuze • Jacques Derrida • Rene Descartes • John Dewey • Michel Foucault • Hans-Georg Gadamer • Jürgen Habermas • Donna Haraway • Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel • Martin Heidegger • Thomas Hobbes • David Hume • Edmund Husserl • Luce Irigaray • William James •
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